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img{background-color:#f8f9fa}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1152813436">.mw-parser-output .sr-only{border:0;clip:rect(0,0,0,0);clip-path:polygon(0px 0px,0px 0px,0px 0px);height:1px;margin:-1px;overflow:hidden;padding:0;position:absolute;width:1px;white-space:nowrap}</style><table class="infobox ib-election infobox-table vevent"><caption class="infobox-title summary">1790 British general election</caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Flag_of_Great_Britain_%281707%E2%80%931800%29.svg/50px-Flag_of_Great_Britain_%281707%E2%80%931800%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="30" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Flag_of_Great_Britain_%281707%E2%80%931800%29.svg/75px-Flag_of_Great_Britain_%281707%E2%80%931800%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Flag_of_Great_Britain_%281707%E2%80%931800%29.svg/100px-Flag_of_Great_Britain_%281707%E2%80%931800%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></span></span></span><hr /></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader"><table style="width:100%; margin:1px; display:inline-table;"><tbody><tr> <td style="text-align:left; vertical-align:middle; padding:0 0.5em 0 0;width:20%;" class="noprint">← <a href="/wiki/1784_British_general_election" title="1784 British general election">1784</a></td> <td style="text-align:center; vertical-align:middle;; padding:0 1px;width:60%;" class=""><b>16 June – 28 July 1790<span style="display:none"> (<span class="dtstart">1790-06-16</span> – <span class="dtend">1790-07-28</span>)</span></b></td> <td style="text-align:right; vertical-align:middle;; padding:0 0 0 0.5em;width:20%;" class="noprint"><a href="/wiki/1796_British_general_election" title="1796 British general election">1796</a> →</td> </tr></tbody></table></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader"><div style="width:100%"><div style="float: left; text-align:left;padding-right:0.5em;width:40%; text-align:center;" class="noprint">← <a href="/wiki/List_of_MPs_elected_in_the_British_general_election,_1784" class="mw-redirect" title="List of MPs elected in the British general election, 1784">outgoing members</a></div><div style="float: right; text-align:right;padding-left:0.5em;width:40%; text-align:center;" class="noprint"><a href="/wiki/List_of_MPs_elected_in_the_British_general_election,_1790" class="mw-redirect" title="List of MPs elected in the British general election, 1790">elected members</a> →</div></div></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header"><hr />All <a href="/wiki/Unreformed_House_of_Commons" title="Unreformed House of Commons">558 seats</a> in the <a href="/wiki/House_of_Commons_of_Great_Britain" title="House of Commons of Great Britain">House of Commons</a><br />280 seats needed for a majority</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"> <table style="background:transparent; color: inherit; width:100%;"> <tbody><tr class="sr-only"> <th style="text-align:left;">  </th> <th style="text-align:center">First party </th> <th style="text-align:center">Second party </th></tr> <tr> <td>  </td> <td class="notheme" style="text-align:center;border-bottom: 6px solid #C0C0EF;"><span class="notpageimage noresize" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:George-Romney-xx-William-Pitt-the-Younger-xx-Tate-Britain.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/de/George-Romney-xx-William-Pitt-the-Younger-xx-Tate-Britain.jpg/125px-George-Romney-xx-William-Pitt-the-Younger-xx-Tate-Britain.jpg" decoding="async" width="125" height="160" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/de/George-Romney-xx-William-Pitt-the-Younger-xx-Tate-Britain.jpg/188px-George-Romney-xx-William-Pitt-the-Younger-xx-Tate-Britain.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/de/George-Romney-xx-William-Pitt-the-Younger-xx-Tate-Britain.jpg/250px-George-Romney-xx-William-Pitt-the-Younger-xx-Tate-Britain.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2770" data-file-height="3543" /></a></span> </td> <td class="notheme" style="text-align:center;border-bottom: 6px solid #F8B878"><span class="notpageimage noresize" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Reynolds_Charles_James_Fox.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Reynolds_Charles_James_Fox.jpg/130px-Reynolds_Charles_James_Fox.jpg" decoding="async" width="130" height="160" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Reynolds_Charles_James_Fox.jpg/196px-Reynolds_Charles_James_Fox.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Reynolds_Charles_James_Fox.jpg/261px-Reynolds_Charles_James_Fox.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1247" data-file-height="1530" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="text-align:left">Leader </th> <td style="width:75px;text-align:center"><a href="/wiki/William_Pitt_the_Younger" title="William Pitt the Younger">William Pitt</a> </td> <td style="width:75px;text-align:center"><a href="/wiki/Charles_James_Fox" title="Charles James Fox">Charles James Fox</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="width:75px;text-align:left">Party </th> <td style="width:75px;text-align:center"><a href="/wiki/Pittite" class="mw-redirect" title="Pittite">Pittite</a> </td> <td style="width:75px;text-align:center"><a href="/wiki/Foxite" title="Foxite">Foxite</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="text-align:left">Leader's seat </th> <td style="width:75px;text-align:center"><a href="/wiki/Cambridge_University_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" title="Cambridge University (UK Parliament constituency)">Cambridge University</a> </td> <td style="width:75px;text-align:center"><a href="/wiki/Westminster_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" title="Westminster (UK Parliament constituency)">Westminster</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="text-align:left">Seats won </th> <td style="width:75px;text-align:center"><b>340</b> </td> <td style="width:75px;text-align:center">183 </td></tr> <tr> <th style="text-align:left">Seat change </th> <td style="width:75px;text-align:center"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Increase"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span>60 </td> <td style="width:75px;text-align:center"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Increase"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span>28 </td></tr> </tbody></table></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><hr /> <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="background:transparent; color: inherit; width:100%;"> <tbody><tr> <td style="width:50%; text-align:left;"><b><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="Prime Minister of the United Kingdom">Prime Minister</a> before election</b><br /> <p><a href="/wiki/William_Pitt_the_Younger" title="William Pitt the Younger">William Pitt</a><br /> <a href="/wiki/Pittite" class="mw-redirect" title="Pittite">Pittite</a> </p> </td> <td style="width:50%; text-align:right;"><b>Prime Minister after<br />election</b> <br /> <p><a href="/wiki/William_Pitt_the_Younger" title="William Pitt the Younger">William Pitt</a><br /> <a href="/wiki/Pittite" class="mw-redirect" title="Pittite">Pittite</a> </p> </td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The <b>1790 British general election</b> returned members to serve in the <a href="/wiki/House_of_Commons_of_Great_Britain" title="House of Commons of Great Britain">House of Commons</a> of the 17th <a href="/wiki/Parliament_of_Great_Britain" title="Parliament of Great Britain">Parliament of Great Britain</a> to be summoned after the merger of the <a href="/wiki/Parliament_of_England" title="Parliament of England">Parliament of England</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Parliament_of_Scotland" title="Parliament of Scotland">Parliament of Scotland</a> in 1707. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Political_situation">Political situation</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1790_British_general_election&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Political situation"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Prime Minister since 1783, <a href="/wiki/William_Pitt_the_Younger" title="William Pitt the Younger">William Pitt the Younger</a>, led a coalition of <a href="/wiki/Whigs_(British_political_party)" title="Whigs (British political party)">Whig</a> and <a href="/wiki/Tories_(British_political_party)" title="Tories (British political party)">Tory</a> politicians. </p><p>The principal opposition to Pitt was a faction of Whigs led by <a href="/wiki/Charles_James_Fox" title="Charles James Fox">Charles James Fox</a> and the <a href="/wiki/William_Henry_Cavendish_Cavendish-Bentinck,_3rd_Duke_of_Portland" class="mw-redirect" title="William Henry Cavendish Cavendish-Bentinck, 3rd Duke of Portland">Duke of Portland</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Dates_of_election">Dates of election</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1790_British_general_election&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Dates of election"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The general election was held between 16 June 1790 and 28 July 1790. At this period elections did not take place at the same time in every constituency. The returning officer in each county or <a href="/wiki/Parliamentary_borough" class="mw-redirect" title="Parliamentary borough">parliamentary borough</a> fixed the precise date (see <a href="/wiki/Hustings" class="mw-redirect" title="Hustings">hustings</a> for details of the conduct of the elections). </p><p>This was the first general election after the law had been changed in 1785 to limit the maximum duration of polling in county elections to fifteen days. Under the old law, the poll could remain open longer. For example, the election for <a href="/wiki/Sussex_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" title="Sussex (UK Parliament constituency)">Sussex</a> in 1774 had polls open for 24 days (ignoring Sundays when polling did not take place). It was hoped that the change would reduce the enormous expense of most contested county elections. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Summary_of_the_constituencies">Summary of the constituencies</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1790_British_general_election&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Summary of the constituencies"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>See <a href="/wiki/1796_British_general_election" title="1796 British general election">1796 British general election</a>, for details. The constituencies used were the same throughout the existence of the Parliament of Great Britain. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Results">Results</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1790_British_general_election&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Results"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:1790_British_general_election_results.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/1790_British_general_election_results.svg/300px-1790_British_general_election_results.svg.png" decoding="async" width="300" height="154" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/1790_British_general_election_results.svg/450px-1790_British_general_election_results.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/1790_British_general_election_results.svg/600px-1790_British_general_election_results.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="360" data-file-height="185" /></a></span> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Seats_summary">Seats summary</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1790_British_general_election&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Seats summary"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table style="margin:0; border:none;"><tbody><tr><td style="border:none; padding:0;"><div class="notheme barbox" style="overflow-x: auto;"> <div style="border:1px solid silver; font-size:88%; padding:0.4em; width:375px; background: white; color: black;"> <table style="text-align:left; border-collapse:collapse; width:100%;"> <tbody><tr style="background:#ddd"><th style="text-align:center;" colspan="5">Parliamentary seats</th></tr> <tr style="font-size:88%; height:4px;"> <td colspan="2" style="padding:0 4px; text-align:left;"></td> <td style="width:480px; text-align:left;"></td> <td colspan="2" style="padding:0 4px; width:1em; text-align:right;"></td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 0.4em; padding-right: 0.4em; min-width: 8em;"><b>Tory/Pittite</b></td> <td style="width: 100px; border-left: solid 1px silver; border-right: solid 1px silver;"><div style="background:#3333CC; width:65.0%; overflow: hidden;"> </div></td> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 1.2em; padding-right: 0.4em; text-align: right;">65.0%</td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 0.4em; padding-right: 0.4em; min-width: 8em;">Whig/Foxite</td> <td style="width: 100px; border-left: solid 1px silver; border-right: solid 1px silver;"><div style="background:#FF7F00; width:35.0%; overflow: hidden;"> </div></td> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 1.2em; padding-right: 0.4em; text-align: right;">35.0%</td> </tr> </tbody></table> </div> </div></td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1790_British_general_election&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_parliaments_of_Great_Britain" title="List of parliaments of Great Britain">List of parliaments of Great Britain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_MPs_elected_in_the_1790_British_general_election" title="List of MPs elected in the 1790 British general election">List of MPs elected in the 1790 British general election</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1790_British_general_election&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><i>British Electoral Facts 1832–1999</i>, compiled and edited by Colin Rallings and Michael Thrasher (Ashgate Publishing Ltd 2000). (For dates of elections before 1832, see the footnote to Table 5.02).</li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · 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