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class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ezinụlọ"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Ezinụlọ</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ezinụlọ-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Edemsibịa" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Edemsibịa"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Edemsibịa</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Edemsibịa-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Njikọ_mpụga" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Njikọ_mpụga"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Njikọ mpụga</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Njikọ_mpụga-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Ndịna" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">L. L. Zamenhof</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 113 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-113" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">113 asụsụ</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ludwik_Lejzer_Zamenhof" title="Ludwik Lejzer Zamenhof – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Ludwik Lejzer Zamenhof" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ludwik_Lejzer_Zamenhof" title="Ludwik Lejzer Zamenhof – German Swiss" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Ludwik Lejzer Zamenhof" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="German Swiss" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ludwik_Lejzer_Zamenhof" title="Ludwik Lejzer Zamenhof – Aragonisị" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Ludwik Lejzer Zamenhof" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="Aragonisị" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%84%D9%88%D8%AF%D9%81%D9%8A%D9%83_%D8%B2%D8%A7%D9%85%D9%86%D9%87%D9%88%D9%81" title="لودفيك زامنهوف – Arabiikị" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="لودفيك زامنهوف" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabiikị" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ary mw-list-item"><a href="https://ary.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%84%D9%88%D8%AF%DA%A4%D9%8A%D9%83_%D8%AA%D8%B3%D8%A7%D9%85%D9%86%D9%87%D9%88%D9%81" title="لودڤيك تسامنهوف – Moroccan Arabic" lang="ary" hreflang="ary" data-title="لودڤيك تسامنهوف" data-language-autonym="الدارجة" data-language-local-name="Moroccan Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>الدارجة</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%84%D9%88%D8%AF%D9%81%D9%8A%D9%83_%D8%B2%D8%A7%D9%85%D9%86%D9%87%D9%88%D9%81" title="لودفيك زامنهوف – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="لودفيك زامنهوف" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/L._L._Zamenhof" title="L. L. Zamenhof – Asturianị" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="L. L. Zamenhof" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturianị" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%C3%BCdviq_Lazar_Zamenhof" title="Lüdviq Lazar Zamenhof – Azerbajanị" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Lüdviq Lazar Zamenhof" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbajanị" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D1%8E%D0%B4%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%BA_%D0%9B%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8C_%D0%97%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D2%BB%D0%BE%D1%84" title="Людвик Лазарь Заменһоф – Bashki" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Людвик Лазарь Заменһоф" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="Bashki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/L._L._Zamenhof" title="L. L. Zamenhof – Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="L. L. Zamenhof" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Central Bikol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bikol Central</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D1%8E%D0%B4%D0%B2%D1%96%D0%B3_%D0%9B%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%80_%D0%97%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%84" title="Людвіг Лазар Заменгоф – Belarusianụ" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Людвіг Лазар Заменгоф" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusianụ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D1%8E%D0%B4%D0%B2%D1%96%D0%BA_%D0%97%D0%B0%D0%BC%D1%8D%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%84" title="Людвік Замэнгоф – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Людвік Замэнгоф" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bew mw-list-item"><a href="https://bew.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lodew%C3%A8k_Sam%C3%A8nhop" title="Lodewèk Samènhop – Betawi" lang="bew" hreflang="bew" data-title="Lodewèk Samènhop" data-language-autonym="Betawi" data-language-local-name="Betawi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Betawi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D1%8E%D0%B4%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%BA_%D0%97%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%85%D0%BE%D1%84" title="Людвик Заменхоф – Bọlụgarịa" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Людвик Заменхоф" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bọlụgarịa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%B2%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%A1%E0%A6%AD%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%95_%E0%A6%9C%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%AE%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%A8%E0%A6%B9%E0%A7%8B%E0%A6%AB" title="লুডভিক জামেনহোফ – Bengali" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="লুডভিক জামেনহোফ" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bengali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ludwik_Zamenhof" title="Ludwik Zamenhof – Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Ludwik Zamenhof" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Breton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ludvik_Zamenhof" title="Ludvik Zamenhof – Bosnia" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Ludvik Zamenhof" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ludwik_Lejzer_Zamenhof" title="Ludwik Lejzer Zamenhof – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Ludwik Lejzer Zamenhof" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ce mw-list-item"><a href="https://ce.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%97%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%84,_%D0%9B%D1%8E%D0%B4%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%BA_%D0%9B%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8C" title="Заменгоф, Людвик Лазарь – Chechen" lang="ce" hreflang="ce" data-title="Заменгоф, Людвик Лазарь" data-language-autonym="Нохчийн" data-language-local-name="Chechen" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Нохчийн</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/L._L._Zamenhof" title="L. L. Zamenhof – Cebụanọ" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="L. L. Zamenhof" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="Cebụanọ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%84%D9%88%D8%AF%DA%A4%DB%8C%DA%AF_%D8%B2%D8%A7%D9%85%DB%8E%D9%86%DA%BE%DB%86%D9%81" title="لودڤیگ زامێنھۆف – Kurdish ọsote" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="لودڤیگ زامێنھۆف" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Kurdish ọsote" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-crh mw-list-item"><a href="https://crh.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%C3%BCdvik_Zamenhof" title="Lüdvik Zamenhof – Crimean Tatar" lang="crh" hreflang="crh" data-title="Lüdvik Zamenhof" data-language-autonym="Qırımtatarca" data-language-local-name="Crimean Tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qırımtatarca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ludv%C3%ADk_Lazar_Zamenhof" title="Ludvík Lazar Zamenhof – Cheekị" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Ludvík Lazar Zamenhof" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Cheekị" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cu mw-list-item"><a href="https://cu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D1%8E%D0%B4%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%B3%D1%8A_%EA%99%80%D0%B0%D0%BC%D1%94%D0%BD%D1%85%D0%BE%D1%84%D1%8A" title="Людвигъ Ꙁамєнхофъ – Church slavic" lang="cu" hreflang="cu" data-title="Людвигъ Ꙁамєнхофъ" data-language-autonym="Словѣньскъ / ⰔⰎⰑⰂⰡⰐⰠⰔⰍⰟ" data-language-local-name="Church slavic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Словѣньскъ / ⰔⰎⰑⰂⰡⰐⰠⰔⰍⰟ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/L._L._Zamenhof" title="L. L. Zamenhof – Wesh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="L. L. Zamenhof" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Wesh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ludwik_Zamenhof" title="Ludwik Zamenhof – Danịsh" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Ludwik Zamenhof" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danịsh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="good article badge"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ludwik_Lejzer_Zamenhof" title="Ludwik Lejzer Zamenhof – Jamanị" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Ludwik Lejzer Zamenhof" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="Jamanị" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dsb mw-list-item"><a href="https://dsb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ludwik_Zamenhof" title="Ludwik Zamenhof – Lowa Sorbịan" lang="dsb" hreflang="dsb" data-title="Ludwik Zamenhof" data-language-autonym="Dolnoserbski" data-language-local-name="Lowa Sorbịan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dolnoserbski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%9B%CE%BF%CF%85%CE%B4%CE%BF%CE%B2%CE%AF%CE%BA%CE%BF%CF%82_%CE%9B%CE%AC%CE%B6%CE%B1%CF%81%CE%BF%CF%82_%CE%96%CE%B1%CE%BC%CE%AD%CE%BD%CF%87%CE%BF%CF%86" title="Λουδοβίκος Λάζαρος Ζαμένχοφ – Giriikị" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Λουδοβίκος Λάζαρος Ζαμένχοφ" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Giriikị" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/L._L._Zamenhof" title="L. L. Zamenhof – Bekee" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="L. L. Zamenhof" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="Bekee" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="good article badge"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/L._L._Zamenhof" title="L. L. Zamenhof – Ndị Esperantọ" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="L. L. Zamenhof" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Ndị Esperantọ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/L._L._Zamenhof" title="L. L. Zamenhof – Spanishi" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="L. L. Zamenhof" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanishi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ludwik_Zamenhof" title="Ludwik Zamenhof – Ndị Estọnịa" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Ludwik Zamenhof" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Ndị Estọnịa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/L._L._Zamenhof" title="L. L. Zamenhof – Baskwe" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="L. L. Zamenhof" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Baskwe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%84%D9%88%D8%AF%D9%88%DB%8C%DA%A9_%D8%B2%D8%A7%D9%85%D9%86%D9%87%D9%88%D9%81" title="لودویک زامنهوف – Peshianụ" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="لودویک زامنهوف" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Peshianụ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/L._L._Zamenhof" title="L. L. Zamenhof – Fịnịsh" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="L. L. Zamenhof" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Fịnịsh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Louis-Lazare_Zamenhof" title="Louis-Lazare Zamenhof – Fụrenchị" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Louis-Lazare Zamenhof" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="Fụrenchị" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ludwik_Zamenhof" title="Ludwik Zamenhof – Westan Frịsịan" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Ludwik Zamenhof" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="Westan Frịsịan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/L._L._Zamenhof" title="L. L. Zamenhof – Ịrịsh" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="L. L. Zamenhof" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Ịrịsh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ludwik_Lejzer_Zamenhof" title="Ludwik Lejzer Zamenhof – Galịcịan" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Ludwik Lejzer Zamenhof" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galịcịan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%90%D7%9C%D7%99%D7%A2%D7%96%D7%A8_%D7%9C%D7%95%D7%93%D7%95%D7%95%D7%99%D7%92_%D7%96%D7%9E%D7%A0%D7%94%D7%95%D7%A3" title="אליעזר לודוויג זמנהוף – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="אליעזר לודוויג זמנהוף" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%A1%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%97_%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%BC%E0%A4%B0_%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%BC%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%B9%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%AB%E0%A4%BC" title="लुडविग लाज़र ज़ामेनहोफ़ – Hindị" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="लुडविग लाज़र ज़ामेनहोफ़" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindị" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lazar_Ludvig_Zamenhof" title="Lazar Ludvig Zamenhof – Kọrọtịan" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Lazar Ludvig Zamenhof" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Kọrọtịan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hsb mw-list-item"><a href="https://hsb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ludwik_Lejzer_Zamenhof" title="Ludwik Lejzer Zamenhof – Ụpa Sọrbịa" lang="hsb" hreflang="hsb" data-title="Ludwik Lejzer Zamenhof" data-language-autonym="Hornjoserbsce" data-language-local-name="Ụpa Sọrbịa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hornjoserbsce</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lazar_Markovics_Zamenhof" title="Lazar Markovics Zamenhof – Hụngarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Lazar Markovics Zamenhof" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hụngarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%BC%D5%B5%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%A4%D5%BE%D5%AB%D5%AF_%D4%BC%D5%A1%D5%A6%D5%A1%D6%80%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%BD_%D4%B6%D5%A1%D5%B4%D5%A5%D5%B6%D5%B0%D5%B8%D6%86" title="Լյուդվիկ Լազարուս Զամենհոֆ – Armenianị" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Լյուդվիկ Լազարուս Զամենհոֆ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenianị" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ludwik_Lejzer_Zamenhof" title="Ludwik Lejzer Zamenhof – Intalịgụa" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Ludwik Lejzer Zamenhof" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="Intalịgụa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/L.L._Zamenhof" title="L.L. Zamenhof – Indonisia" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="L.L. Zamenhof" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonisia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ie mw-list-item"><a href="https://ie.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ludwik_Zamenhof" title="Ludwik Zamenhof – Interlingue" lang="ie" hreflang="ie" data-title="Ludwik Zamenhof" data-language-autonym="Interlingue" data-language-local-name="Interlingue" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingue</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ludwig_Zamenhof" title="Ludwig Zamenhof – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Ludwig Zamenhof" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ludwik_Lejzer_Zamenhof" title="Ludwik Lejzer Zamenhof – Italịanu" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Ludwik Lejzer Zamenhof" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italịanu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%AB%E3%83%89%E3%83%B4%E3%82%A3%E3%82%B3%E3%83%BB%E3%82%B6%E3%83%A1%E3%83%B3%E3%83%9B%E3%83%95" title="ルドヴィコ・ザメンホフ – Japaniisi" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ルドヴィコ・ザメンホフ" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japaniisi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/L._L._Zamenhof" title="L. L. Zamenhof – Java" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="L. L. Zamenhof" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="Java" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%9A%E1%83%A3%E1%83%93%E1%83%95%E1%83%98%E1%83%92_%E1%83%9A%E1%83%90%E1%83%96%E1%83%90%E1%83%A0_%E1%83%96%E1%83%90%E1%83%9B%E1%83%94%E1%83%9C%E1%83%B0%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A4%E1%83%98" title="ლუდვიგ ლაზარ ზამენჰოფი – Geọjịan" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ლუდვიგ ლაზარ ზამენჰოფი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Geọjịan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/L._L._%EC%9E%90%EB%A9%98%ED%98%B8%ED%94%84" title="L. L. 자멘호프 – Korịa" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="L. L. 자멘호프" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korịa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ludwik_Lejzer_Zamenhof" title="Ludwik Lejzer Zamenhof – Ndị Kụrdịsh" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Ludwik Lejzer Zamenhof" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="Ndị Kụrdịsh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kw mw-list-item"><a href="https://kw.wikipedia.org/wiki/L._L._Zamenhof" title="L. L. Zamenhof – Kọnịsh" lang="kw" hreflang="kw" data-title="L. L. Zamenhof" data-language-autonym="Kernowek" data-language-local-name="Kọnịsh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kernowek</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ludovicus_Lazarus_Zamenhof" title="Ludovicus Lazarus Zamenhof – Latịn" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Ludovicus Lazarus Zamenhof" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latịn" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lfn mw-list-item"><a href="https://lfn.wikipedia.org/wiki/L._L._Zamenhof" title="L. L. Zamenhof – Lingua Franca Nova" lang="lfn" hreflang="lfn" data-title="L. L. Zamenhof" data-language-autonym="Lingua Franca Nova" data-language-local-name="Lingua Franca Nova" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingua Franca Nova</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liudvikas_Zamenhofas" title="Liudvikas Zamenhofas – Lituanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Liudvikas Zamenhofas" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lituanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ludviks_Z%C4%81menhofs" title="Ludviks Zāmenhofs – Latviani" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Ludviks Zāmenhofs" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latviani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ludwik_Zamenhof" title="Ludwik Zamenhof – Malagasị" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Ludwik Zamenhof" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="Malagasị" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D1%83%D0%B4%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%BA_%D0%97%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%85%D0%BE%D1%84" title="Лудвик Заменхоф – Masedọnịa" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Лудвик Заменхоф" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Masedọnịa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%8F%E0%A4%B2.%E0%A4%8F%E0%A4%B2._%E0%A4%9D%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%B9%E0%A5%89%E0%A4%AB" title="एल.एल. झामेनहॉफ – Maratị" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="एल.एल. झामेनहॉफ" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Maratị" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ludwig_Zamenhof" title="Ludwig Zamenhof – Maleyi" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Ludwig Zamenhof" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Maleyi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mt mw-list-item"><a href="https://mt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ludwik_Lejzer_Zamenhof" title="Ludwik Lejzer Zamenhof – Matịse" lang="mt" hreflang="mt" data-title="Ludwik Lejzer Zamenhof" data-language-autonym="Malti" data-language-local-name="Matịse" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%84%D9%88%D8%AF%D9%88%DB%8C%DA%A9_%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%B2%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%B3_%D8%B2%D8%A7%D9%85%D9%86%D9%87%D9%88%D9%81" title="لودویک لازاروس زامنهوف – Mazandaranị" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="لودویک لازاروس زامنهوف" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="Mazandaranị" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مازِرونی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ludwik_Lejzer_Zamenhof" title="Ludwik Lejzer Zamenhof – Lowa German" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Ludwik Lejzer Zamenhof" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="Lowa German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lejzer_Zamenhof" title="Lejzer Zamenhof – Dọchị" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Lejzer Zamenhof" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dọchị" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/L.L._Zamenhof" title="L.L. Zamenhof – Nọrweyịan Nynersk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="L.L. Zamenhof" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Nọrweyịan Nynersk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ludwik_Lejzer_Zamenhof" title="Ludwik Lejzer Zamenhof – Nọrweyịan Bọkmal" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Ludwik Lejzer Zamenhof" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Nọrweyịan Bọkmal" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nov mw-list-item"><a href="https://nov.wikipedia.org/wiki/L._L._Zamenhof" title="L. L. Zamenhof – Novial" lang="nov" hreflang="nov" data-title="L. L. Zamenhof" data-language-autonym="Novial" data-language-local-name="Novial" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Novial</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ludwik_Zamenhof" title="Ludwik Zamenhof – Osịtan" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Ludwik Zamenhof" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Osịtan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-os mw-list-item"><a href="https://os.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%97%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%84,_%D0%9B%D1%8E%D0%B4%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%BA_%D0%9B%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8C" title="Заменгоф, Людвик Лазарь – Osetik" lang="os" hreflang="os" data-title="Заменгоф, Людвик Лазарь" data-language-autonym="Ирон" data-language-local-name="Osetik" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ирон</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%B2%E0%A9%81%E0%A8%A6%E0%A8%B5%E0%A8%BF%E0%A8%95_%E0%A8%9C%E0%A8%BC%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%AE%E0%A9%87%E0%A8%A8%E0%A8%B9%E0%A9%8B%E0%A8%AB" title="ਲੁਦਵਿਕ ਜ਼ਾਮੇਨਹੋਫ – Punjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਲੁਦਵਿਕ ਜ਼ਾਮੇਨਹੋਫ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pap mw-list-item"><a href="https://pap.wikipedia.org/wiki/L._L._Zamenhof" title="L. L. Zamenhof – Papịamento" lang="pap" hreflang="pap" data-title="L. L. Zamenhof" data-language-autonym="Papiamentu" data-language-local-name="Papịamento" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Papiamentu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pfl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pfl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ludwik_Lejzer_Zamenhof" title="Ludwik Lejzer Zamenhof – Palatine German" lang="pfl" hreflang="pfl" data-title="Ludwik Lejzer Zamenhof" data-language-autonym="Pälzisch" data-language-local-name="Palatine German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Pälzisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ludwik_Zamenhof" title="Ludwik Zamenhof – Poliishi" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Ludwik Zamenhof" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Poliishi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pms mw-list-item"><a href="https://pms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ludwik_Zamenhof" title="Ludwik Zamenhof – Piedmontese" lang="pms" hreflang="pms" data-title="Ludwik Zamenhof" data-language-autonym="Piemontèis" data-language-local-name="Piedmontese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Piemontèis</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%84%D9%88%D8%AF%D9%88%DB%8C%DA%A9_%D8%B2%D8%A7%D9%85%D9%86%DB%81%D9%88%D9%81" title="لودویک زامنہوف – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="لودویک زامنہوف" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ludwik_Zamenhof" title="Ludwik Zamenhof – Pọrtụgụese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Ludwik Zamenhof" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Pọrtụgụese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ludovic_Zamenhof" title="Ludovic Zamenhof – Romania" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Ludovic Zamenhof" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romania" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%97%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%84,_%D0%9B%D1%8E%D0%B4%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%BA_%D0%9B%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8C" title="Заменгоф, Людвик Лазарь – Rọshian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Заменгоф, Людвик Лазарь" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Rọshian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rue mw-list-item"><a href="https://rue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D1%83%D0%B4%D0%B2%D1%96%D0%BA_%D0%9B%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%80_%D0%97%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%84" title="Лудвік Лазар Заменгоф – Rusyn" lang="rue" hreflang="rue" data-title="Лудвік Лазар Заменгоф" data-language-autonym="Русиньскый" data-language-local-name="Rusyn" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русиньскый</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%97%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%84_%D0%9B%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8C_%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%87" title="Заменгоф Лазарь Маркович – Saka" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="Заменгоф Лазарь Маркович" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="Saka" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Саха тыла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ludwik_Zamenhof" title="Ludwik Zamenhof – Sisịlian" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Ludwik Zamenhof" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="Sisịlian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ludvik_Lazar_Zamenhof" title="Ludvik Lazar Zamenhof – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Ludvik Lazar Zamenhof" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B6%91%E0%B6%BD%E0%B7%8A._%E0%B6%91%E0%B6%BD%E0%B7%8A._%E0%B7%83%E0%B7%8F%E0%B6%B8%E0%B7%99%E0%B6%B1%E0%B7%8A%E0%B7%84%E0%B7%9C%E0%B7%86%E0%B7%8A" title="එල්. එල්. සාමෙන්හොෆ් – Sinhala" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="එල්. එල්. සාමෙන්හොෆ්" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="Sinhala" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/L._L._Zamenhof" title="L. L. Zamenhof – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="L. L. Zamenhof" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ludwik_Zamenhof" title="Ludwik Zamenhof – Slova" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Ludwik Zamenhof" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slova" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ludwik_Zamenhof" title="Ludwik Zamenhof – Slovịan" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Ludwik Zamenhof" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovịan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-so mw-list-item"><a href="https://so.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ludwik_Lejzer_Zamenhof" title="Ludwik Lejzer Zamenhof – Somali" lang="so" hreflang="so" data-title="Ludwik Lejzer Zamenhof" data-language-autonym="Soomaaliga" data-language-local-name="Somali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Soomaaliga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/L._L._Zamenhof" title="L. L. Zamenhof – Albanianị" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="L. L. Zamenhof" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albanianị" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D1%83%D0%B4%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%BA_%D0%9B%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%80_%D0%97%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%85%D0%BE%D1%84" title="Лудвик Лазар Заменхоф – Sebịan" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Лудвик Лазар Заменхоф" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Sebịan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ludwig_Zamenhof" title="Ludwig Zamenhof – Sụwidiishi" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Ludwig Zamenhof" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Sụwidiishi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%A5._%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%A5._%E0%B8%8B%E0%B8%B2%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%AE%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%9F" title="แอล. แอล. ซาเมนฮอฟ – Taị" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="แอล. แอล. ซาเมนฮอฟ" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Taị" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/L._L._Zamenhof" title="L. L. Zamenhof – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="L. L. Zamenhof" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ludwik_Lejzer_Zamenhof" title="Ludwik Lejzer Zamenhof – Tọkiishi" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Ludwik Lejzer Zamenhof" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Tọkiishi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D1%8E%D0%B4%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%BA_%D0%97%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D2%BB%D0%BE%D1%84" title="Людвик Заменһоф – Tata" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Людвик Заменһоф" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="Tata" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-udm mw-list-item"><a href="https://udm.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%97%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%84,_%D0%9B%D1%8E%D0%B4%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%BA_%D0%9B%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8C" title="Заменгоф, Людвик Лазарь – Udumụrt" lang="udm" hreflang="udm" data-title="Заменгоф, Людвик Лазарь" data-language-autonym="Удмурт" data-language-local-name="Udumụrt" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Удмурт</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D1%8E%D0%B4%D0%B2%D1%96%D0%BA_%D0%97%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%84" title="Людвік Заменгоф – Ukureenị" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Людвік Заменгоф" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukureenị" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lyudvik_Zamengof" title="Lyudvik Zamengof – Ụzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Lyudvik Zamengof" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Ụzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ludwik_Zamenhof" title="Ludwik Zamenhof – Venetian" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="Ludwik Zamenhof" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="Venetian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vèneto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ludwik_Lejzer_Zamenhof" title="Ludwik Lejzer Zamenhof – Vietnamisi" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Ludwik Lejzer Zamenhof" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamisi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vo mw-list-item"><a href="https://vo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ludwik_Zamenhof" title="Ludwik Zamenhof – Volapụ" lang="vo" hreflang="vo" data-title="Ludwik Zamenhof" data-language-autonym="Volapük" data-language-local-name="Volapụ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Volapük</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ludwik_Zamenhof" title="Ludwik Zamenhof – Waraị" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Ludwik Zamenhof" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Waraị" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%9F%B4%E9%96%80%E9%9C%8D%E5%A4%AB" title="柴門霍夫 – Wụ Chainisị" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="柴門霍夫" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wụ Chainisị" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%9A%E1%83%A3%E1%83%93%E1%83%95%E1%83%98%E1%83%92_%E1%83%9A%E1%83%90%E1%83%96%E1%83%90%E1%83%A0_%E1%83%96%E1%83%90%E1%83%9B%E1%83%94%E1%83%9C%E1%83%B0%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A4%E1%83%98" title="ლუდვიგ ლაზარ ზამენჰოფი – Mingrelian" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="ლუდვიგ ლაზარ ზამენჰოფი" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="Mingrelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%90%D7%9C%D7%99%D7%A2%D7%96%D7%A8_%D7%9C%D7%95%D7%93%D7%95%D7%95%D7%99%D7%92_%D7%96%D7%90%D7%9E%D7%A2%D7%A0%D7%94%D7%90%D7%A3" title="אליעזר לודוויג זאמענהאף – Yịdịsh" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="אליעזר לודוויג זאמענהאף" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="Yịdịsh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yo mw-list-item"><a href="https://yo.wikipedia.org/wiki/L._L._Zamenhof" title="L. L. Zamenhof – Yoruba" lang="yo" hreflang="yo" data-title="L. L. Zamenhof" data-language-autonym="Yorùbá" data-language-local-name="Yoruba" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Yorùbá</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%8B%89%E6%89%8E%E9%B2%81%C2%B7%E6%9F%B4%E9%97%A8%E9%9C%8D%E5%A4%AB" title="拉扎鲁·柴门霍夫 – Chainisi" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="拉扎鲁·柴门霍夫" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chainisi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-classical mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-classical.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%9F%B4%E9%96%80%E9%9C%8D%E5%A4%AB" title="柴門霍夫 – Literary Chinese" lang="lzh" hreflang="lzh" data-title="柴門霍夫" data-language-autonym="文言" data-language-local-name="Literary Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>文言</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%9F%B4%E9%96%80%E8%B3%80%E5%A4%AB" title="柴門賀夫 – Katọnịse" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="柴門賀夫" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Katọnịse" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q11758#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Dezie njiko asusu ndi yiri nụ" class="wbc-editpage">Dezie njikọ ndi a</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Ohereaha"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/L._L._Zamenhof" title="Zi ihe nor na ihüá [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Peeji</span></a></li><li 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class="noprint">Shí Wikipedia, njikotá édémédé nke onyobulạ</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="ig" dir="ltr"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r72543">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-header,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-subheader,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-above,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-title,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-image,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-below{text-align:center}</style><table class="infobox biography vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size:125%;"><div class="fn" style="display:inline">L. L. Zamenhof</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/Us%C3%B2r%C3%B2:Zamenhof_portreto.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/Zamenhof_portreto.jpg/220px-Zamenhof_portreto.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="291" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/Zamenhof_portreto.jpg/330px-Zamenhof_portreto.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/Zamenhof_portreto.jpg/440px-Zamenhof_portreto.jpg 2x" data-file-width="919" data-file-height="1216" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">Zamenhof, <a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%80t%E1%BB%A5:C.&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Àtụ:C. (peeji a adịgịhị)">Àtụ:C.</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Born</th><td class="infobox-data"><div style="display:inline" class="nickname">Leyzer Zamengov<a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%80t%E1%BB%A5:Efn&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Àtụ:Efn (peeji a adịgịhị)">Àtụ:Efn</a></div><br /><span style="display:none">(<span class="bday">1859-12-15</span>)</span> 15 Disemba 1859<a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%80t%E1%BB%A5:Efn&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Àtụ:Efn (peeji a adịgịhị)">Àtụ:Efn</a><br /><div style="display:inline" class="birthplace"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Belostok&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Belostok (peeji a adịgịhị)">Belostok</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Grodno_Governorate&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Grodno Governorate (peeji a adịgịhị)">Grodno Governorate</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Russian_Empire&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Russian Empire (peeji a adịgịhị)">Russian Empire</a><br />(now <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bia%C5%82ystok&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Białystok (peeji a adịgịhị)">Białystok</a>, Poland)</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Died</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%80t%E1%BB%A5:Death_date&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Àtụ:Death date (peeji a adịgịhị)">Àtụ:Death date</a><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%80t%E1%BB%A5:Efn&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Àtụ:Efn (peeji a adịgịhị)">Àtụ:Efn</a> (aged 57)<br /><div style="display:inline" class="deathplace"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Warsaw&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Warsaw (peeji a adịgịhị)">Warsaw</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kingdom_of_Poland_(1917%E2%80%931918)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kingdom of Poland (1917–1918) (peeji a adịgịhị)">Kingdom of Poland</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Burial place</th><td class="infobox-data label"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jewish_Cemetery,_Warsaw&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jewish Cemetery, Warsaw (peeji a adịgịhị)">Jewish Cemetery, Warsaw</a><br /><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%80t%E1%BB%A5:Coord/display/inline,title&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Àtụ:Coord/display/inline,title (peeji a adịgịhị)">Àtụ:Coord/display/inline,title</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Occupation</th><td class="infobox-data role"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ophthalmologist&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ophthalmologist (peeji a adịgịhị)">Ophthalmologist</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Known for</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Esperanto&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Esperanto (peeji a adịgịhị)">Esperanto</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><span class="nowrap">Spouse(s)</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><div style="display:inline;white-space:nowrap;"><div style="display:inline-block;line-height:normal;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Klara_Zamenhof&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Klara Zamenhof (peeji a adịgịhị)">Klara Zamenhof</a></div> <div style="display:inline-block;"></div>(<abbr title="married">m.</abbr> 1887)<wbr /></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Children</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Adam_Zamenhof&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Adam Zamenhof (peeji a adịgịhị)">Adam</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Zofia_Zamenhof&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Zofia Zamenhof (peeji a adịgịhị)">Zofia</a>, and <a href="/w/index.php?title=Lidia_Zamenhof&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lidia Zamenhof (peeji a adịgịhị)">Lidia</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Awards</th><td class="infobox-data"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Us%C3%B2r%C3%B2:Legion_Honneur_Officier_ribbon.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Legion_Honneur_Officier_ribbon.svg/40px-Legion_Honneur_Officier_ribbon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Legion_Honneur_Officier_ribbon.svg/60px-Legion_Honneur_Officier_ribbon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Legion_Honneur_Officier_ribbon.svg/80px-Legion_Honneur_Officier_ribbon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="218" data-file-height="60" /></a></span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Legion_of_Honour&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Legion of Honour (peeji a adịgịhị)">Legion of Honour</a> - Officer (1905)</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%80t%E1%BB%A5:Infobox_writer&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Àtụ:Infobox writer (peeji a adịgịhị)">Àtụ:Infobox writer</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Signature</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Us%C3%B2r%C3%B2:Originala_Verkaro-L_L_Zamenhof_signature.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Originala_Verkaro-L_L_Zamenhof_signature.svg/150px-Originala_Verkaro-L_L_Zamenhof_signature.svg.png" decoding="async" width="150" height="41" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Originala_Verkaro-L_L_Zamenhof_signature.svg/225px-Originala_Verkaro-L_L_Zamenhof_signature.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Originala_Verkaro-L_L_Zamenhof_signature.svg/300px-Originala_Verkaro-L_L_Zamenhof_signature.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="888" data-file-height="245" /></a></span></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>L. L. Zamenhof[lower-alpha 1] (15 Disemba 1859 - 14 Eprel 1917)[lower -alpha 2] bụ onye na-ahụ maka anya nke biri ọtụtụ ndụ ya na Warsaw. A maara ya nke ọma dịka onye okike nke Esperanto, asụsụ enyemaka mba ụwa a na-ejikarị eme ihe.<sup id="cite_ref-Korzhenkov_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Korzhenkov-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Zamenhof malitere ịmepụta asụsụ Esperanto n'afọ 1873 mgbe ọ ka nọ n'ụlọ akwụkwọ. Ọ tolitere na-enwe mmasị n'echiche nke ụwa na-enweghị agha ma kwenyere na nke a nwere ike ime site n'enyemaka nke asụsụ enyemaka mba ụwa ọhụrụ. Asụsụ ga-abụ ngwá ọrụ iji kpọkọta ndị mmadụ ọnụ site na nnọpụiche, ikpe ziri ezi, nkwurịta okwu ziri ezi. O guzobere obodo nke na-aga n'ihu taa n'agbanyeghị Agha Ụwa nke narị afọ nke 20, mgbalị iji gbanwee asụsụ ahụ, na IALs nke oge a (naanị asụsụ ọzọ dịka ya n'oge ahụ bụ Volapük).<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Tụkwasị na nke a, Esperanto emeela ka asụsụ ndị ọzọ: site na mmekọrịta na ihe okike nke ndị ọrụ ya.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>N'ihi ihe ọ rụzuru, na nkwado ya maka mkparịta ụka ọdịbendị, UNESCO họọrọ Zamenhof dịka otu n'ime ndị ama ama ya nke afọ 2017, na 100th ncheta ọnwụ ya.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Ka ọ na-erule afọ 2019, e nwere opekata mpe nde mmadụ abụọ na-asụ Esperanto, gụnyere ihe dịka 1,000 ndị na-asụrụ asụsụ Esperanto.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Unua_Libro_ru_1st_ed.pdf/page1-170px-Unua_Libro_ru_1st_ed.pdf.jpg"><img resource="/wiki/Us%C3%B2r%C3%B2:Unua_Libro_ru_1st_ed.pdf" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Unua_Libro_ru_1st_ed.pdf/page1-220px-Unua_Libro_ru_1st_ed.pdf.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="311" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Unua_Libro_ru_1st_ed.pdf/page1-330px-Unua_Libro_ru_1st_ed.pdf.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Unua_Libro_ru_1st_ed.pdf/page1-440px-Unua_Libro_ru_1st_ed.pdf.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1239" data-file-height="1754" /></a><figcaption>E bipụtara ihe ndị Esperantist mechara kpọọ Unua libro ("Akwụkwọ Mbụ") na Russian, 1887.</figcaption></figure> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Ọrụ_na_asụsụ_Yiddish_na_okwu_ndị_Juu"><span id=".E1.BB.8Cr.E1.BB.A5_na_as.E1.BB.A5s.E1.BB.A5_Yiddish_na_okwu_nd.E1.BB.8B_Juu"></span>Ọrụ na asụsụ Yiddish na okwu ndị Juu</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=L._L._Zamenhof&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Mezie ngalaba: Ọrụ na asụsụ Yiddish na okwu ndị Juu" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>dezie</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=L._L._Zamenhof&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section's source code: Ọrụ na asụsụ Yiddish na okwu ndị Juu"><span>dezie ebe o si</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/1910-Universo-p322-llzdet.jpg/190px-1910-Universo-p322-llzdet.jpg"><img resource="/wiki/Us%C3%B2r%C3%B2:1910-Universo-p322-llzdet.jpg" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/1910-Universo-p322-llzdet.jpg/190px-1910-Universo-p322-llzdet.jpg" decoding="async" width="190" height="217" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/1910-Universo-p322-llzdet.jpg/286px-1910-Universo-p322-llzdet.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/1910-Universo-p322-llzdet.jpg/380px-1910-Universo-p322-llzdet.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1760" data-file-height="2008" /></a><figcaption>Zamenhof na tebụl ya n'ụlọ ya dị na Warsaw, 1910</figcaption></figure> <p>N'afọ 1879, Zamenhof dere ụtọ asụsụ Yiddish mbụ. E bipụtara ya n'akụkụ ụfọdụ afọ ka e mesịrị na magazin Yiddish <i>Lebn</i> un visnshaft .<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> E bipụtara ihe odide Russian zuru ezu nke ihe odide a na afọ 1982, na nsụgharị Esperanto nke Adolf Holzhaus, na L. Zamenhof, provo de gramatiko de novjuda lingvo (Mgbalị na ụtọ asụsụ nke asụsụ Neo-Jewish), Helsinki, peeji nke 9ː36. N'ọrụ a, ọ bụghị naanị na ọ na-enye nyocha nke ụtọ asụsụ Yiddish, kamakwa ọ na-atụ aro mgbanwe ya na edemede Latin na ihe ọhụrụ orthographic ndị ọzọ. N'otu oge ahụ, Zamenhof dere ụfọdụ ọrụ ndị ọzọ na Yiddish, gụnyere ma eleghị anya nyocha mbụ nke uri Yiddish (lee p. 50 na akwụkwọ ahụ a kpọtụrụ aha n'elu). </p><p>N'afọ 1882, e nwere oke mmegide n'ime Alaeze Ukwu Russia, gụnyere Congress Poland, kpaliri Zamenhof isonye na mmalite nke Zionist movement, Hibbat Zion.<sup id="cite_ref-maimon_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-maimon-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Ọ hapụrụ òtù ahụ n'afọ 1887, na 1901 bipụtara nkwupụta na Russian n'aha <i>Hillelism</i>, ebe ọ rụrụ ụka na ọrụ Zionist enweghị ike idozi nsogbu nke ndị Juu.<sup id="cite_ref-maimon_8-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-maimon-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Ezinụlọ"><span id="Ezin.E1.BB.A5l.E1.BB.8D"></span>Ezinụlọ</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=L._L._Zamenhof&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Mezie ngalaba: Ezinụlọ" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>dezie</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=L._L._Zamenhof&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section's source code: Ezinụlọ"><span>dezie ebe o si</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Zamenhof na nwunye ya Klara Silbernik zụlitere ụmụ atọ, nwa nwoke, Adam, na ụmụ nwanyị abụọ, Zofia na Lidia. E gburu mmadụ atọ ahụ n'oge Oké Mgbukpọ ahụ.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Lidia Zamenhof karịsịa nwere mmasị dị ukwuu na Esperanto, ma dịka okenye ghọrọ onye nkuzi nke asụsụ ahụ, na-agagharị na Europe na America iji kụzie klas na ya. Site na ọbụbụenyi ya na Martha Root, Lidia nabatara Bahá'u'lláh wee ghọọ onye otu okwukwe Bahá'í. Dịka otu n'ime ụkpụrụ mmekọrịta ya, okwukwe Bahá'í na-akụzi na ndị nnọchiteanya nke mba ụwa niile kwesịrị ịhọrọ asụsụ enyemaka ụwa. </p><p>Nwa nwa Zamenhof, Louis-Christophe Zaleski-Zamenhof (nwa Adam), biri na France site n'afọ 1960 ruo mgbe ọ nwụrụ n'afọ 2019. Ka ọ na-erule 2020, nwa nwanyị Louis-Christophe, Margaret Zaleski-Zamenhof, na-arụsi ọrụ ike na Esperanto movement. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Edemsibịa"><span id="Edemsib.E1.BB.8Ba"></span>Edemsibịa</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=L._L._Zamenhof&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Mezie ngalaba: Edemsibịa" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>dezie</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=L._L._Zamenhof&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section's source code: Edemsibịa"><span>dezie ebe o si</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Njikọ_mpụga"><span id="Njik.E1.BB.8D_mp.E1.BB.A5ga"></span>Njikọ mpụga</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=L._L._Zamenhof&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Mezie ngalaba: Njikọ mpụga" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>dezie</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=L._L._Zamenhof&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section's source code: Njikọ mpụga"><span>dezie ebe o si</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-Korzhenkov-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-Korzhenkov_1-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="book" style="font-style:normal">Korzhenkov (2009). <i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.esperantic.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/06/LLZ-Bio-En.pdf">Zamenhof: The Life, Works, and Ideas of the Author of Esperanto</a></i>. Washington, D.C.: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Esperantic_Studies_Foundation&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Esperantic Studies Foundation (peeji a adịgịhị)">Esperantic Studies Foundation</a>.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Zamenhof%3A+The+Life%2C+Works%2C+and+Ideas+of+the+Author+of+Esperanto&rft.title=Zamenhof%3A+The+Life%2C+Works%2C+and+Ideas+of+the+Author+of+Esperanto&rft.aufirst=Aleksandr&rft.au=Korzhenkov&rft.date=2009&rft.pub=%5B%5BEsperantic+Studies+Foundation%5D%5D&rft.place=Washington%2C+D.C.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.esperantic.org%2Fwp-content%2Fuploads%2F2016%2F06%2FLLZ-Bio-En.pdf"> </span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-2">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Gobbo (8 October 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190119121235/http://www.spui25.nl/spui25-en/events/events/2015/10/special-lecture-by-federico-gobbo.html">An alternative globalisation: why learn Esperanto today?</a>. University of Amsterdam. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.spui25.nl/spui25-en/events/events/2015/10/special-lecture-by-federico-gobbo.html">the original</a> on 19 January 2019. Retrieved on 17 January 2019.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-3">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Humphrey_Tonkin&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Humphrey Tonkin (peeji a adịgịhị)">Humphrey Tonkin</a>, Fourth Interlinguistic Symposium, p. 213, JKI-12-2017[1] (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210109232438/http://jki.amu.edu.pl/files/JKI-12-2017%5B1%5D.pdf">pdf</a>).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-4">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://en.unesco.org/celebrations/anniversaries/2017/all">Anniversaries 2017</a> <span style="font-size: 0.95em; font-weight: bold; color:var(--color-subtle, #54595d); position: relative;">(en)</span>. <i>UNESCO</i>. Retrieved on 17 March 2021.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-5">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ethnologue.com/language/epo">Esperanto</a> <span style="font-size: 0.95em; font-weight: bold; color:var(--color-subtle, #54595d); position: relative;">(en)</span>. <i>Ethnologue</i>. Retrieved on 2022-05-20.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-6">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Babbel.com. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.babbel.com/en/magazine/how-many-people-speak-esperanto-and-where-is-it-spoken">What Is Esperanto, And Who Speaks It?</a> <span style="font-size: 0.95em; font-weight: bold; color:var(--color-subtle, #54595d); position: relative;">(en)</span>. <i>Babbel Magazine</i>. Retrieved on 2022-05-20.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-7">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vilnius&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Vilnius (peeji a adịgịhị)">Vilnius</a>, 1909; see Esperanto translation as <i>Pri jida gramatiko kaj reformo en la jida</i> (On Yiddish grammar and reform in Yiddish) in <i>Hebreo el la geto: De cionismo al hilelismo</i> (A Hebrew from the ghetto: From Zionism to Hillelism), <i>Eldonejo Ludovikito</i>, vol. 5, 1976</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-maimon-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-maimon_8-0">8.0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-maimon_8-1">8.1</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite style="font-style:normal">N. Z. Maimon (May–June 1958). "<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://donh.best.vwh.net/Esperanto/Literaturo/Revuoj/nlr/nlr35/cionistau.html">La cionista periodo en la vivo de Zamenhof</a>". <i>Nica Literatura Revuo</i> (3/5): 165–177.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.atitle=La+cionista+periodo+en+la+vivo+de+Zamenhof&rft.title=Nica+Literatura+Revuo&rft.jtitle=Nica+Literatura+Revuo&rft.date=May%E2%80%93June+1958&rft.issue=3%2F5&rft.au=N.+Z.+Maimon&rft.pages=165%E2%80%93177&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fdonh.best.vwh.net%2FEsperanto%2FLiteraturo%2FRevuoj%2Fnlr%2Fnlr35%2Fcionistau.html"> </span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-9">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"> <cite class="book" style="font-style:normal">Hoffmann (1992). <i>Mind & Society Fads</i>. Haworth Press. <a href="/wiki/Ih%C3%BC_k%C3%A1r%C3%ADr%C3%AD:BookSources/1560241780" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 1-56024-178-0</a>.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Mind+%26+Society+Fads&rft.title=Mind+%26+Society+Fads&rft.aufirst=Frank+W.&rft.au=Hoffmann&rft.date=1992&rft.pub=Haworth+Press&rft.isbn=1-56024-178-0"> </span>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?vid=ISBN1560241780&id=AzFuFjFwVSYC&pg=PA116&lpg=PA116&ots=0lcH7-WVKp&sig=QChd-EaXKt3N25bdqBVPTajyaWU">p. 116</a>: "Between world wars, Esperanto fared worse and, sadly, became embroiled in political power moves. Adolf Hitler wrote in <i>Mein Kampf</i> that the spread of Esperanto throughout Europe was a Jewish plot to break down national differences so that Jews could assume positions of authority.... After the Nazis' successful Blitzkrieg of Poland, the Warsaw Gestapo received orders to 'take care' of the Zamenhof family.... Zamenhof's son was shot... his two daughters were put in Treblinka death camp."</span> </li> </ol>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Ewepụtara na <i><a dir="ltr" href="https://ig.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=L._L._Zamenhof&oldid=103161">https://ig.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=L._L._Zamenhof&oldid=103161</a></i></div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/%E1%BB%8Cp%E1%BB%A5r%E1%BB%A5iche:Categories" title="Ọpụrụiche:Categories">Ụdàkọ</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ot%C3%BA:Pages_with_script_errors" title="Otú:Pages with script errors">Pages with script errors</a></li><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ot%C3%BA:Biography_with_signature&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Otú:Biography with signature (peeji a adịgịhị)">Biography with signature</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Ot%C3%BA:Articles_with_hCards" title="Otú:Articles with hCards">Articles with hCards</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Ot%C3%BA:Pages_using_ISBN_magic_links" title="Otú:Pages using ISBN magic links">Pages using ISBN magic links</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> Oge ikpeazu Edeziri ihuakwụkwọ a bụ 23 Ọktoba 2022, na 15:25</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Ihe e dere nọ n'okpuru <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/">Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License</a>; 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