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</button> <ul id="toc-Modern_economy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Farming" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Farming"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>Farming</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Farming-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Tourism" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Tourism"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2</span> <span>Tourism</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Tourism-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Shops_and_facilities" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Shops_and_facilities"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.3</span> <span>Shops and facilities</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Shops_and_facilities-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Metal_working" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Metal_working"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.4</span> <span>Metal working</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Metal_working-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Population" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Population"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Population</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Population-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notable_residents" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notable_residents"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Notable residents</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notable_residents-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Landmarks_and_buildings_of_note" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Landmarks_and_buildings_of_note"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Landmarks and buildings of note</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Landmarks_and_buildings_of_note-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Landmarks and buildings of note subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Landmarks_and_buildings_of_note-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Town_hall" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Town_hall"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.1</span> <span>Town hall</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Town_hall-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Alston_High_Mill" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Alston_High_Mill"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.2</span> <span>Alston High Mill</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Alston_High_Mill-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Market_cross" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Market_cross"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.3</span> <span>Market cross</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Market_cross-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-St_Augustine_of_Canterbury_Church" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#St_Augustine_of_Canterbury_Church"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.4</span> <span>St Augustine of Canterbury Church</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-St_Augustine_of_Canterbury_Church-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Clarghyll_Hall" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Clarghyll_Hall"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.5</span> <span>Clarghyll Hall</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Clarghyll_Hall-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Nent_Force_level" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Nent_Force_level"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.6</span> <span>Nent Force level</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Nent_Force_level-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Samuel_King's_School" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Samuel_King's_School"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.7</span> <span>Samuel King's School</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Samuel_King's_School-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Media" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Media"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Media</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Media-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Other_Media" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Other_Media"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>Other Media</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Other_Media-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Other Media subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Other_Media-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Filming_locations" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Filming_locations"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9.1</span> <span>Filming locations</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Filming_locations-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-The_League_of_Gentlemen" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#The_League_of_Gentlemen"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9.2</span> <span>The League of Gentlemen</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-The_League_of_Gentlemen-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Demographic_imbalance" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Demographic_imbalance"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9.3</span> <span>Demographic imbalance</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Demographic_imbalance-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Transport" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Transport"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>Transport</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Transport-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Climate" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Climate"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>Climate</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Climate-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">12</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">13</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Further_reading" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Further_reading"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">14</span> <span>Further reading</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Further_reading-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">15</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" 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Available in 18 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-18" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">18 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A2%D9%84%D8%B3%D8%AA%D9%88%D9%86%D8%8C_%DA%A9%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%A8%D8%B1%DB%8C%D8%A7" title="آلستون، کامبریا – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="آلستون، کامبریا" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alston,_Cumbria" title="Alston, Cumbria – Cebuano" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Alston, Cumbria" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="Cebuano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alston,_Cumbria" title="Alston, Cumbria – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Alston, Cumbria" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alston_(Cumbria)" title="Alston (Cumbria) – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Alston (Cumbria)" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alston_(Cumbria)" title="Alston (Cumbria) – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Alston (Cumbria)" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alston_(Cumbria)" title="Alston (Cumbria) – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Alston (Cumbria)" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A2%D9%84%D8%B3%D8%AA%D9%88%D9%86%D8%8C_%DA%A9%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%A8%D8%B1%DB%8C%D8%A7" title="آلستون، کامبریا – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="آلستون، کامبریا" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alston_(Cumbria)" title="Alston (Cumbria) – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Alston (Cumbria)" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alston,_Cumbria" title="Alston, Cumbria – Irish" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Alston, Cumbria" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Irish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alston_(Cumbria)" title="Alston (Cumbria) – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Alston (Cumbria)" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lld mw-list-item"><a href="https://lld.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alston_(Cumbria)" title="Alston (Cumbria) – Ladin" lang="lld" hreflang="lld" data-title="Alston (Cumbria)" data-language-autonym="Ladin" data-language-local-name="Ladin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ladin</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alston_(Cumbria)" title="Alston (Cumbria) – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Alston (Cumbria)" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alston_i_Cumbria" title="Alston i Cumbria – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Alston i Cumbria" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alston_(Kumbria)" title="Alston (Kumbria) – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Alston (Kumbria)" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alston_(C%C3%BAmbria)" title="Alston (Cúmbria) – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Alston (Cúmbria)" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alston,_Cumbria" title="Alston, Cumbria – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Alston, Cumbria" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alston" title="Alston – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Alston" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alston,_Cumbria" title="Alston, Cumbria – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Alston, Cumbria" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a 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id="coordinates"><a href="/wiki/Geographic_coordinate_system" title="Geographic coordinate system">Coordinates</a>: <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Alston,_Cumbria&params=54.81_N_2.441_W_region:GB_type:city(1128)"><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">54°48′36″N</span> <span class="longitude">2°26′28″W</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">54.810°N 2.441°W</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">54.810; -2.441</span></span></span></a></span></span></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Town in England</div><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1165525471">.mw-parser-output .ib-uk-place{border-collapse:collapse}.mw-parser-output .ib-uk-place .infobox-label{width:40%}.mw-parser-output .ib-uk-place .infobox-header{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .ib-uk-place .infobox-above{font-size:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ib-uk-place-other-names{font-size:78%}.mw-parser-output .ib-uk-place .infobox-subheader{background-color:#cddeff;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .ib-uk-place .infobox-below{border-top:1px solid #aaa;padding-top:3px}.mw-parser-output .ib-uk-place td,.mw-parser-output .ib-uk-place th{border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0.4em 0.6em 0.4em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-uk-place .mergedtoprow .infobox-label,.mw-parser-output .ib-uk-place .mergedtoprow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-uk-place .mergedtoprow .infobox-full-data{border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0.4em 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-uk-place .mergedrow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-uk-place .mergedrow .infobox-header,.mw-parser-output .ib-uk-place .mergedrow .infobox-label{border:0;padding:0 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-uk-place .mergedbottomrow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-uk-place .mergedbottomrow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-uk-place .mergedbottomrow .infobox-label{border-top:0;border-bottom:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0 0.6em 0.4em 0.6em}</style><table class="infobox ib-uk-place vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above fn org nowrap">Alston</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader"><span class="category">Town</span></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Market_Cross,_Alston,_Cumbria_Mike_Kr%C3%BCger_100301_1.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Market_Cross%2C_Alston%2C_Cumbria_Mike_Kr%C3%BCger_100301_1.jpg/240px-Market_Cross%2C_Alston%2C_Cumbria_Mike_Kr%C3%BCger_100301_1.jpg" decoding="async" width="240" height="180" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Market_Cross%2C_Alston%2C_Cumbria_Mike_Kr%C3%BCger_100301_1.jpg/360px-Market_Cross%2C_Alston%2C_Cumbria_Mike_Kr%C3%BCger_100301_1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Market_Cross%2C_Alston%2C_Cumbria_Mike_Kr%C3%BCger_100301_1.jpg/480px-Market_Cross%2C_Alston%2C_Cumbria_Mike_Kr%C3%BCger_100301_1.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3264" data-file-height="2448" /></a></span><div>Alston town centre</div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><div class="switcher-container"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238443738">.mw-parser-output .locmap .od{position:absolute}.mw-parser-output .locmap .id{position:absolute;line-height:0}.mw-parser-output .locmap .l0{font-size:0;position:absolute}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pv{line-height:110%;position:absolute;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pl{line-height:110%;position:absolute;top:-0.75em;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pr{line-height:110%;position:absolute;top:-0.75em;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pv>div{display:inline;padding:1px}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pl>div{display:inline;padding:1px;float:right}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pr>div{display:inline;padding:1px;float:left}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pv>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pl>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pr>div{background:#fff!important;color:#000!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .locmap{filter:grayscale(0.6)}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data .locmap div{background:transparent!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .locmap{filter:grayscale(0.6)}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pv>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pl>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pr>div{background:white!important;color:#000!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data .locmap div{background:transparent!important}}</style><div class="center"><div class="locmap" style="width:240px;float:none;clear:both;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto"><div style="width:240px;padding:0"><div style="position:relative;width:240px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Location_map_United_Kingdom_Eden.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Alston is located in the former Eden District"><img alt="Alston is located in the former Eden District" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Location_map_United_Kingdom_Eden.svg/240px-Location_map_United_Kingdom_Eden.svg.png" decoding="async" width="240" height="219" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Location_map_United_Kingdom_Eden.svg/360px-Location_map_United_Kingdom_Eden.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Location_map_United_Kingdom_Eden.svg/480px-Location_map_United_Kingdom_Eden.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1425" data-file-height="1303" /></a></span><div class="od notheme" style="top:15.789%;left:63.113%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-3px;top:-3px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Alston"><img alt="Alston" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/6px-Red_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="6" height="6" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/9px-Red_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/12px-Red_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></span></span></div><div class="pv" style="width:6em;top:4px;left:-3em"><div>Alston</div></div></div></div><div style="padding-top:0.2em">Location in the former <a href="/wiki/Eden_District" title="Eden District">Eden District</a></div><span class="switcher-label" style="display:none">Show map of the former Eden District</span></div></div></div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238443738"><div class="center"><div class="locmap" style="width:240px;float:none;clear:both;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto"><div style="width:240px;padding:0"><div style="position:relative;width:240px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Cumbria_UK_location_map.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Alston is located in Cumbria"><img alt="Alston is located in Cumbria" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Cumbria_UK_location_map.svg/240px-Cumbria_UK_location_map.svg.png" decoding="async" width="240" height="283" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Cumbria_UK_location_map.svg/360px-Cumbria_UK_location_map.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Cumbria_UK_location_map.svg/480px-Cumbria_UK_location_map.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1140" data-file-height="1345" /></a></span><div class="od notheme" style="top:33.051%;left:79.941%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-3px;top:-3px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Alston"><img alt="Alston" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/6px-Red_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="6" height="6" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/9px-Red_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/12px-Red_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></span></span></div><div class="pv" style="width:6em;top:4px;left:-3em"><div>Alston</div></div></div></div><div style="padding-top:0.2em">Location within <a href="/wiki/Cumbria" title="Cumbria">Cumbria</a></div><span class="switcher-label" style="display:none">Show map of Cumbria</span></div></div></div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Population</th><td class="infobox-data">1,128 </td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Ordnance_Survey_National_Grid" title="Ordnance Survey National Grid">OS grid reference</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bing.com/maps/?mkt=en-gb&v=2&cp=54.809852~-2.443393&lvl=13&sp=Point.54.809852_-2.443393_Alston&sty=s&style=s">NY716462</a></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Civil_parish" title="Civil parish">Civil parish</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alston_Moor" title="Alston Moor">Alston Moor</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Districts_of_England" title="Districts of England">Unitary authority</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Westmorland_and_Furness" title="Westmorland and Furness">Westmorland and Furness</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Ceremonial_counties_of_England" title="Ceremonial counties of England">Ceremonial county</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li>Cumbria</li></ul></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Regions_of_England" title="Regions of England">Region</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/North_West_England" title="North West England">North West</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow adr"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Countries_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="Countries of the United Kingdom">Country</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="country-name"><a href="/wiki/England" title="England">England</a></span></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/List_of_sovereign_states" title="List of sovereign states">Sovereign state</a></th><td class="infobox-data">United Kingdom</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Post_town" title="Post town">Post town</a></th><td class="infobox-data">ALSTON</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Postcodes_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Postcodes in the United Kingdom">Postcode district</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/CA_postcode_area" title="CA postcode area">CA9</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Telephone_numbers_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Telephone numbers in the United Kingdom">Dialling code</a></th><td class="infobox-data">01434</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/List_of_law_enforcement_agencies_in_the_United_Kingdom,_Crown_Dependencies_and_British_Overseas_Territories" title="List of law enforcement agencies in the United Kingdom, Crown Dependencies and British Overseas Territories">Police</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Cumbria_Constabulary" title="Cumbria Constabulary">Cumbria</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Fire_services_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Fire services in the United Kingdom">Fire</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Cumbria_Fire_and_Rescue_Service" title="Cumbria Fire and Rescue Service">Cumbria</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Emergency_medical_services_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Emergency medical services in the United Kingdom">Ambulance</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/North_West_Ambulance_Service" title="North West Ambulance Service">North West</a></td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Constituencies_of_the_Parliament_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="Constituencies of the Parliament of the United Kingdom">UK Parliament</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Penrith_and_Solway_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" title="Penrith and Solway (UK Parliament constituency)">Penrith and Solway</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-below noprint nowrap"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li:last-child::after{content:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:first-child::before{content:" (";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:last-child::after{content:")";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol{counter-reset:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li{counter-increment:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li::before{content:" "counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li ol>li:first-child::before{content:" ("counter(listitem)"\a0 "}</style><div class="hlist"> <dl><dt><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r886047488">.mw-parser-output .nobold{font-weight:normal}</style><span class="nobold">List of places</span></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_Kingdom_locations" title="List of United Kingdom locations">UK</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/List_of_places_in_England" title="List of places in England">England</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/List_of_places_in_Cumbria" title="List of places in Cumbria">Cumbria</a></dd></dl></div> <span class="geo-inline"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Alston,_Cumbria&params=54.81_N_2.441_W_region:GB_type:city(1128)"><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">54°48′36″N</span> <span class="longitude">2°26′28″W</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">54.810°N 2.441°W</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">54.810; -2.441</span></span></span></a></span></span></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Alston</b> is a town in <a href="/wiki/Westmorland_and_Furness" title="Westmorland and Furness">Westmorland and Furness</a>, <a href="/wiki/Cumbria" title="Cumbria">Cumbria</a>, England, within the civil parish of <a href="/wiki/Alston_Moor" title="Alston Moor">Alston Moor</a>. It is located at about 1,000 feet (300 m) above sea level in the <a href="/wiki/North_Pennines" title="North Pennines">North Pennines</a>, the <a href="/wiki/River_Tyne" title="River Tyne">River South Tyne</a>, and shares the title of 'highest <a href="/wiki/Market_town" title="Market town">market town</a> in England', with <a href="/wiki/Buxton" title="Buxton">Buxton</a>, <a href="/wiki/Derbyshire" title="Derbyshire">Derbyshire</a>. Despite its relative isolation, the town has road connections to the <a href="/wiki/Tyne_Gap" class="mw-redirect" title="Tyne Gap">Tyne Gap</a> to the north, <a href="/wiki/Weardale" title="Weardale">Weardale</a> and <a href="/wiki/Teesdale" title="Teesdale">Teesdale</a> to the south-east, and <a href="/wiki/Penrith,_Cumbria" title="Penrith, Cumbria">Penrith</a> to the south-west. </p><p>Much of the town centre is a designated <a href="/wiki/Conservation_area_(United_Kingdom)" title="Conservation area (United Kingdom)">conservation area</a><sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> which includes several <a href="/wiki/Listed_building" title="Listed building">listed buildings</a>. It was <a href="/wiki/Historic_counties_of_England" title="Historic counties of England">historically</a> within the county of <a href="/wiki/Cumberland" title="Cumberland">Cumberland</a>. Alston was historically a centre for mining, with <a href="/wiki/Lead" title="Lead">lead</a>, <a href="/wiki/Zinc" title="Zinc">zinc</a>, <a href="/wiki/Iron" title="Iron">iron</a>, <a href="/wiki/Copper" title="Copper">copper</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Coal" title="Coal">coal</a> found in the vicinity. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Geography">Geography</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alston,_Cumbria&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Geography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Alston,_Cumbria.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Alston%2C_Cumbria.jpg/220px-Alston%2C_Cumbria.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Alston%2C_Cumbria.jpg/330px-Alston%2C_Cumbria.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Alston%2C_Cumbria.jpg/440px-Alston%2C_Cumbria.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="960" /></a><figcaption>Alston from the west</figcaption></figure> <p>Alston lies within the <a href="/wiki/North_Pennines" title="North Pennines">North Pennines</a> <a href="/wiki/Area_of_Outstanding_Natural_Beauty" title="Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty">Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty</a>, more than 16.3 miles (26.2 km) by road from the nearest town, <a href="/wiki/Haltwhistle" title="Haltwhistle">Haltwhistle</a>, and is surrounded by moorland.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Nearby villages include <a href="/wiki/Garrigill" title="Garrigill">Garrigill</a> and <a href="/wiki/Nenthead" title="Nenthead">Nenthead</a>. It is around 44.5 miles (71.6 km) west of <a href="/wiki/Newcastle_upon_Tyne" title="Newcastle upon Tyne">Newcastle upon Tyne</a>, 30.1 miles (48.4 km) south east of <a href="/wiki/Carlisle" title="Carlisle">Carlisle</a>, 19.7 miles (31.7 km) north east of <a href="/wiki/Penrith,_Cumbria" title="Penrith, Cumbria">Penrith</a>, and 21.6 miles (34.8 km) south west of <a href="/wiki/Hexham" title="Hexham">Hexham</a>. </p><p>Situated at the crossroads/junction of the <a href="/wiki/A686_road" title="A686 road">A686</a>, <a href="/wiki/A689_road" title="A689 road">A689</a> and <a href="/wiki/B6277_road" class="mw-redirect" title="B6277 road">B6277</a>, the town lies on the confluence of the <a href="/wiki/River_South_Tyne" class="mw-redirect" title="River South Tyne">River South Tyne</a> and the River Nent. On 18 May 2013 very heavy rain resulted in flooding in seven areas of Alston, affecting thirty-six properties. The Environment Agency records indicate that 51mm of rain fell that day.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The landscape of the area is built up from <a href="/wiki/Limestone" title="Limestone">limestone</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sandstone" title="Sandstone">sandstone</a> and <a href="/wiki/Shale" title="Shale">shale</a>. The area is rich in minerals, in particular <a href="/wiki/Lead" title="Lead">lead</a> deposits, and the landscape has been heavily influenced by the effects of varying methods of <a href="/wiki/Mining" title="Mining">mining</a> over the centuries. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alston,_Cumbria&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Early_settlements">Early settlements</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alston,_Cumbria&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Early settlements"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The earliest evidence of population in the area comes from pottery fragments, a gold basket-earring and <a href="/wiki/Flint_(tool)" class="mw-redirect" title="Flint (tool)">flint tools</a> found in one of two <a href="/wiki/Tumulus" title="Tumulus">barrows</a> located 2 miles (3.2 km) NNW of Alston at <a href="/wiki/Kirkhaugh" title="Kirkhaugh">Kirkhaugh</a>. Excavated in 1935, the barrows were dated between 2000 <a href="/wiki/Before_Christ" class="mw-redirect" title="Before Christ">BC</a> and 1700 BC. </p><p>Evidence of <a href="/wiki/Roman_Britain" title="Roman Britain">Roman</a> activity in the area comes from the earth ramparts of <a href="/wiki/Whitley_Castle" title="Whitley Castle">Whitley Castle</a>, thought to be the Roman fort (<a href="/wiki/Castra" title="Castra">Castra</a>) of Epiacum<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> built and rebuilt by the <a href="/wiki/List_of_Roman_legions" title="List of Roman legions">Sixth and Twentieth Legions</a> between the 2nd and 3rd centuries. The fort lies on the <a href="/wiki/Maiden_Way" title="Maiden Way">Maiden Way</a> <a href="/wiki/Roman_roads_in_Britain" class="mw-redirect" title="Roman roads in Britain">Roman road</a> which runs north from <a href="/wiki/Kirkby_Thore" title="Kirkby Thore">Kirkby Thore</a> (<a href="/wiki/Bravoniacum" class="mw-redirect" title="Bravoniacum">Bravoniacum</a>) to <a href="/wiki/Carvoran" class="mw-redirect" title="Carvoran">Carvoran</a> (<a href="/wiki/Magnae_Carvetiorum" class="mw-redirect" title="Magnae Carvetiorum">Magnae</a>) on <a href="/wiki/Hadrian%27s_Wall" title="Hadrian's Wall">Hadrian's Wall</a>. Whitley Castle would have guarded this central supply route to Hadrian's Wall, and may also have helped protect lead and <a href="/wiki/Silver" title="Silver">silver</a> deposits in the upper reaches of the South Tyne valley. </p><p>The name of the town is recorded in 1164–71 as Aldeneby and in 1209 as Aldeneston,<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and seems to mean "the settlement or farmstead belonging to [a Viking man named] <a href="/wiki/Halfdan" class="mw-redirect" title="Halfdan">Halfdan</a>".<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Sovereignty">Sovereignty</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alston,_Cumbria&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Sovereignty"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In the 10th century, <a href="/wiki/Alston_Moor" title="Alston Moor">Alston Moor</a> was part of the Liberty of <a href="/wiki/Tynedale" title="Tynedale">Tynedale</a>, which was an estate of the <a href="/wiki/List_of_monarchs_of_Scotland" class="mw-redirect" title="List of monarchs of Scotland">Scottish Kings</a> within England, a situation that resulted in many years of confusion over the sovereignty of the area.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1085, the Barons de <a href="/wiki/Vieuxpont" title="Vieuxpont">Veteriponte</a> became the first recorded <a href="/wiki/Lord_of_the_Manor" class="mw-redirect" title="Lord of the Manor">Lords of the Manor</a>; they held the moor on behalf of the kings of <a href="/wiki/Scotland" title="Scotland">Scotland</a> while the kings of England retained the <a href="/wiki/Mineral_rights" title="Mineral rights">mineral rights</a>. This was confirmed in a hearing during 1279 that concluded that the miners of the area were distinct from the local population, thus paying their dues to the English crown instead of to Scotland. As a result, the miners lived in their own self-regulated communities under English protection. </p><p>In 1296 <a href="/wiki/John_of_Scotland" class="mw-redirect" title="John of Scotland">John de Balliol</a>, the king of Scotland, invaded the <a href="/wiki/Northern_England" title="Northern England">North of England</a>; as a result <a href="/wiki/Edward_I_of_England" title="Edward I of England">Edward I</a> moved to reclaim the Scottish estates and Tynedale, which included Alston Moor, was taken under direct control of the English crown where it remains. </p><p>Despite the town being on the Tyne and being historically part of Tynedale, the area has never been part of either <a href="/wiki/Hexhamshire" title="Hexhamshire">Hexhamshire</a> or <a href="/wiki/Northumberland" title="Northumberland">Northumberland</a> but part of <a href="/wiki/Cumberland" title="Cumberland">Cumberland</a> and later <a href="/wiki/Cumbria" title="Cumbria">Cumbria</a>. This was probably because the mines in the area were at one time administered from Carlisle. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Mining">Mining</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alston,_Cumbria&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Mining"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Historically the area has been mined for <a href="/wiki/Lead" title="Lead">lead</a>, <a href="/wiki/Zinc" title="Zinc">zinc</a>, <a href="/wiki/Iron" title="Iron">iron</a>, <a href="/wiki/Copper" title="Copper">copper</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Coal" title="Coal">coal</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The nearby Roman fort of <a href="/wiki/Whitley_Castle" title="Whitley Castle">Whitley Castle</a> (Epiacum) may in part have been sited to control and protect the lead mines there. </p><p>In the 13th century, the area was known as the <a href="/wiki/Silver_mine" class="mw-redirect" title="Silver mine">silver mines</a> of <a href="/wiki/Carlisle,_Cumbria" class="mw-redirect" title="Carlisle, Cumbria">Carlisle</a> — silver was found in a high proportion (up to 40 <a href="/wiki/Troy_weight" title="Troy weight">troy ounces</a> per <a href="/wiki/Long_ton" title="Long ton">long ton</a> or 1.2 g/kg of <a href="/wiki/Smelting" title="Smelting">smelted</a> lead) and was used to create coinage in the <a href="/wiki/Royal_Mint" title="Royal Mint">Royal Mint</a> established in Carlisle for the purpose. Most mining was very small scale until the mid-18th century, with 119 lead mines in the parish of Alston in 1768.<sup id="cite_ref-EB14_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-EB14-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The biggest mine owner in the area was the <a href="/wiki/London_Lead_Company" title="London Lead Company">London Lead Company</a>; this <a href="/wiki/Religious_Society_of_Friends" class="mw-redirect" title="Religious Society of Friends">Religious Society of Friends</a> (Quakers) organisation with enlightened employment policies established an interest in the area during the early 18th century. In 1745, it began construction of a school, a library, a sanitary house, a surgeon's house, a market hall with clock tower, a laundry and a 'ready-money' shop in <a href="/wiki/Nenthead" title="Nenthead">Nenthead</a>, 5 miles (8 km) away. </p><p>Many of the last mines closed in the 1950s. A small drift coal mine (<a href="/wiki/Ayle" title="Ayle">Ayle</a> Colliery) is still active today. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Governance">Governance</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alston,_Cumbria&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Governance"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Alston is in the <a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom_Parliament_constituencies" class="mw-redirect" title="United Kingdom Parliament constituencies">parliamentary constituency</a> of <a href="/wiki/Penrith_and_Solway_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" title="Penrith and Solway (UK Parliament constituency)">Penrith and Solway</a>. <a href="/wiki/Markus_Campbell-Savours" title="Markus Campbell-Savours">Markus Campbell-Savours</a> was elected its Labour <a href="/wiki/Member_of_Parliament_(United_Kingdom)" title="Member of Parliament (United Kingdom)">Member of Parliament</a> (MP) at the <a href="/wiki/2024_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="2024 United Kingdom general election">2024 general election</a>. </p><p>Before <a href="/wiki/Brexit" title="Brexit">the United Kingdom left the European Union</a>, its residents voted to elect <a href="/wiki/Member_of_the_European_Parliament" title="Member of the European Parliament">Members of the European Parliament</a> (MEPs) for the <a href="/wiki/North_West_England_(European_Parliament_constituency)" title="North West England (European Parliament constituency)">North West England</a> constituency. </p><p>For <a href="/wiki/Local_Government" class="mw-redirect" title="Local Government">Local Government</a> purposes Alston is in the <a href="/wiki/Westmorland_and_Furness" title="Westmorland and Furness">Westmorland and Furness</a> unitary authority. Until 1 April 2023 it was in the <i>Alston Moor Ward</i> of <a href="/wiki/Eden_District" title="Eden District">Eden District Council</a> and the <i>Alston and East Fellside Division</i> of <a href="/wiki/Cumbria_County_Council" title="Cumbria County Council">Cumbria County Council</a>. </p><p>Alston does not have its own <a href="/wiki/Parish_councils_in_England" class="mw-redirect" title="Parish councils in England">parish council</a>, instead it is part of Alston Moor Parish Council.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Modern_economy">Modern economy</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alston,_Cumbria&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Modern economy"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The area is no longer actively mined for precious metals although the mining history has been exploited for <a href="/wiki/Tourism" title="Tourism">tourism</a> purposes. There are few jobs in the immediate area, hence the fall in population from 6,858 in 1841 to 1,128 today. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Farming">Farming</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alston,_Cumbria&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Farming"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The surrounding <a href="/wiki/Moorland" title="Moorland">moorland</a> is mainly used for sheep farming; however many farmers also have other enterprises, such as <a href="/wiki/Bed_and_breakfast" title="Bed and breakfast">bed and breakfast</a> accommodation. During winter months farming can be tough, due to the severe weather in the area. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Tourism">Tourism</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alston,_Cumbria&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Tourism"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Tourism is now an important source of income for the area. The largest attraction is a narrow-gauge railway and heritage centre at <a href="/wiki/South_Tynedale_Railway" title="South Tynedale Railway">South Tynedale Railway</a>. Alston and the surrounding area is part of the North Pennines Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty (AONB) and European Geopark.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Alston is noted for its cobbled streets and 17th-century stone buildings.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The area's mining heritage has been referenced for tourism purposes across the <a href="/wiki/North_Pennines" title="North Pennines">North Pennines</a>. Nenthead Mines, at the nearby village of <a href="/wiki/Nenthead" title="Nenthead">Nenthead</a>, is a <a href="/wiki/Scheduled_Monument" class="mw-redirect" title="Scheduled Monument">Scheduled Monument</a> managed by volunteers. The Nenthead Mines Conservation Society hold regular open days where visitors can learn about the history of lead mining and take an underground tour of Carrs Mine. The <a href="/wiki/Pennine_Way" title="Pennine Way">Pennine Way</a>, the UK's first <a href="/wiki/National_Trail" class="mw-redirect" title="National Trail">National Trail</a>, passes by the edge of Alston and the <a href="/wiki/Sea_to_Sea_Cycle_Route" title="Sea to Sea Cycle Route">Sea to Sea Cycle Route</a> (C2C) passes through the town. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Shops_and_facilities">Shops and facilities</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alston,_Cumbria&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Shops and facilities"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Shops include a <a href="/wiki/Whole_foods" class="mw-redirect" title="Whole foods">whole foods</a> shop, a <a href="/wiki/The_Co-operative_Group" title="The Co-operative Group">Co-op supermarket</a>, a <a href="/wiki/Spar_(retailer)" title="Spar (retailer)">Spar</a> convenience store, a shop selling <a href="/wiki/Household_hardware" class="mw-redirect" title="Household hardware">hardware</a>, a post office, an outdoor clothing shop, an organic <a href="/wiki/Bakery" title="Bakery">bakery</a>, a charity shop and a number of <a href="/wiki/Craft" title="Craft">craft</a>, gift and <a href="/wiki/Antique_shop" title="Antique shop">antique shops</a>. </p><p>There are four <a href="/wiki/Pub" title="Pub">pubs</a> in Alston, and the town also has a number of cafés, a food take-away, a specialist engraving company, two hotels, numerous B&Bs, two petrol stations, a gym, an estate agent and a hairdressers. A once-popular fish and chip shop closed down in November 2022. </p><p>The last remaining bank, <a href="/wiki/Barclays" title="Barclays">Barclays</a>, closed in December 2015.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Steam trains on the narrow-gauge <a href="/wiki/South_Tynedale_Railway" title="South Tynedale Railway">South Tynedale Railway</a> run from April to October, offering a short journey through pleasant scenery. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Metal_working">Metal working</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alston,_Cumbria&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Metal working"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>For much of the 20th century, between 1940 and its closure in 1980, a <a href="/wiki/Foundry" title="Foundry">foundry</a> employed around 200 people. The closure of this foundry increased unemployment in the area from 8.9% to over 25%. </p><p>Currently the area's main employer is Bonds Precision Castings Limited, a company that took over Precision Products in 2008. Precision Products was started in 1947 by William George Ball. Bonds Precision Casting Ltd. produces <a href="/wiki/Stainless_steel" title="Stainless steel">stainless steel</a> and super-alloy castings. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Population">Population</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alston,_Cumbria&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Population"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The population census figures show that at its peak during 1831 the population of the parish of <a href="/wiki/Alston_Moor" title="Alston Moor">Alston Moor</a> was 6,858 people. Today that figure is about 1,200. The population of the town of Alston was 1,128 according to the 2001 Census. The community has its own website which is a result of the Cybermoor Project (cybermoor.org), which has brought the <a href="/wiki/Internet" title="Internet">Internet</a> to almost every home on Alston Moor, and <a href="/wiki/Broadband" title="Broadband">broadband</a> to many. This allowed people with little or no education access to online courses and training.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The problem of the area's relative remoteness compared to other areas of England was solved by utilising <a href="/wiki/IEEE_802.11" title="IEEE 802.11">IEEE 802.11</a> technology to construct the network infrastructure. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notable_residents">Notable residents</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alston,_Cumbria&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Notable residents"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Nicholas_Ridley,_Baron_Ridley_of_Liddesdale" title="Nicholas Ridley, Baron Ridley of Liddesdale">Nicholas Ridley</a>, politician and government minister.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Landmarks_and_buildings_of_note">Landmarks and buildings of note</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alston,_Cumbria&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Landmarks and buildings of note"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Town_hall">Town hall</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alston,_Cumbria&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Town hall"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Town_Hall,_Alston.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/60/Town_Hall%2C_Alston.jpg/220px-Town_Hall%2C_Alston.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/60/Town_Hall%2C_Alston.jpg/330px-Town_Hall%2C_Alston.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/60/Town_Hall%2C_Alston.jpg/440px-Town_Hall%2C_Alston.jpg 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="480" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Alston_Town_Hall" title="Alston Town Hall">Alston Town Hall</a></figcaption></figure> <p><a href="/wiki/Alston_Town_Hall" title="Alston Town Hall">Alston Town Hall</a> is a focal point for the community, being a venue for many local social events. It also contains the <a href="/wiki/Visitor_center" title="Visitor center">tourist information centre</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Public_library" title="Public library">public library</a>. The <a href="/wiki/Gothic_Revival_architecture" title="Gothic Revival architecture">Gothic Revival style</a> building, which was commissioned by the local metallurgist and businessman <a href="/wiki/Hugh_Lee_Pattinson" title="Hugh Lee Pattinson">Hugh Lee Pattinson</a>, was completed in 1858.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Alston_High_Mill">Alston High Mill</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alston,_Cumbria&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Alston High Mill"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>High Mill in the Cumbrian town of Alston was built in 1767 as a water-driven corn mill by the renowned engineer <a href="/wiki/John_Smeaton" title="John Smeaton">John Smeaton</a>; Smeaton is famously known for his <a href="/wiki/Eddystone_Lighthouse" title="Eddystone Lighthouse">Eddystone Lighthouse</a>. </p><p>The grade II listed High Mill has been through a number of alterations through the ages, but the original Smeaton design is still easily recognisable. Internally there is little left of the original building besides the water wheel and the pit wheel. </p><p>In July 2023, the High Mill and the adjoining factory building (once occupied by Bonds Precision Casting) was purchased by a private owner, and work is now underway to refurbish and restore the mill for use as an arts and crafts workshop. The building and mill wheel are Grade II listed, and part of the mill may be given over to a small museum showcasing the wheel and some of the artefacts associated with how it was used. </p><p><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://alstonmoorpartnership.co.uk/cms-data/gallery/blog/ampnews/high-mill-wheelhouse/wheelhouse--april-22.jpg">The Water Wheel at Alston High Mill</a> </p><p><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://historyrebuilt.com/high-mill/">360 animation of the history of Alston High Mill</a> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Market_cross">Market cross</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alston,_Cumbria&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Market cross"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Although the town does not hold a regular <a href="/wiki/Market_(place)" class="mw-redirect" title="Market (place)">market</a> it still maintains the legal right to do so. The <a href="/wiki/Market_cross" title="Market cross">market cross</a>, which acts as a focal point in the centre of town, was constructed in 1981 to replace one which was demolished by a wagon in January 1980. That earlier cross had itself replaced a cross of 1883 which was knocked down by a lorry in 1968.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>A regular producers' market now takes place in the town hall from April to September selling food and crafts produced in <a href="/wiki/Cumbria" title="Cumbria">Cumbria</a>, <a href="/wiki/Northumberland" title="Northumberland">Northumberland</a> and <a href="/wiki/County_Durham" title="County Durham">County Durham</a>, celebrating Alston's position at the crux of these three counties. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="St_Augustine_of_Canterbury_Church">St Augustine of Canterbury Church</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alston,_Cumbria&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: St Augustine of Canterbury Church"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:St._Augustine_of_Canterbury_church,_Alston,_Cumbria_Mike_Kr%C3%BCger_100301_1.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/St._Augustine_of_Canterbury_church%2C_Alston%2C_Cumbria_Mike_Kr%C3%BCger_100301_1.jpg/220px-St._Augustine_of_Canterbury_church%2C_Alston%2C_Cumbria_Mike_Kr%C3%BCger_100301_1.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="293" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/St._Augustine_of_Canterbury_church%2C_Alston%2C_Cumbria_Mike_Kr%C3%BCger_100301_1.jpg/330px-St._Augustine_of_Canterbury_church%2C_Alston%2C_Cumbria_Mike_Kr%C3%BCger_100301_1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/St._Augustine_of_Canterbury_church%2C_Alston%2C_Cumbria_Mike_Kr%C3%BCger_100301_1.jpg/440px-St._Augustine_of_Canterbury_church%2C_Alston%2C_Cumbria_Mike_Kr%C3%BCger_100301_1.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2448" data-file-height="3264" /></a><figcaption>Parish Church of <a href="/wiki/St_Augustine_of_Canterbury" class="mw-redirect" title="St Augustine of Canterbury">St Augustine of Canterbury</a>, Alston, March 2010</figcaption></figure> <p>The parish church was built in 1869 on the site of two earlier churches.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Despite being in Cumbria the church is in the <a href="/wiki/Diocese_of_Newcastle" title="Diocese of Newcastle">Diocese of Newcastle</a> rather than the <a href="/wiki/Diocese_of_Carlisle" title="Diocese of Carlisle">Diocese of Carlisle</a>. The church spire was only completed in 1886. A unique item in the church is a clock which belonged to <a href="/wiki/James_Radclyffe,_3rd_Earl_of_Derwentwater" title="James Radclyffe, 3rd Earl of Derwentwater">James Radclyffe, 3rd Earl of Derwentwater</a>, who was beheaded for treason. It is believed to be of 16th-century origin, and was restored in 1978. One of the church bells which was cast in 1714 also belonged to the Earl of Derwentwater. It was installed in the previous church of 1770. Four of the bells were installed in memory of Andrew Graham Stavert Steele, churchwarden from 1943 until his murder in the <a href="/wiki/Midland_Bank" title="Midland Bank">Midland Bank</a> on 13 September 1949. The bells cannot be pealed as the tower is not strong enough, but they are struck by a clapper. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Clarghyll_Hall">Clarghyll Hall</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alston,_Cumbria&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: Clarghyll Hall"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Clarghyll Hall, north of Alston, is a Grade II* listed <a href="/wiki/Bastle_house" title="Bastle house">fortified manor house</a> dating back to the 16th century. It was formerly the home of the Whitfield family and from 1847 to 1889 the home of Rev. Octavius James, who extended the building to add a chapel and study. This new wing burned down in a fire in 1889 in which Rev James died.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Nent_Force_level">Nent Force level</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alston,_Cumbria&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: Nent Force level"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>During the area's peak of prosperity in 1776 <a href="/wiki/John_Smeaton" title="John Smeaton">John Smeaton</a> began construction of an underground drain (the <i>"Nent Force Level"</i>) to de-water the mines of the Nent Valley and assist with the transport of extracted materials as well as to locate new mineral seams. The canal took 66 years to construct at a cost of £80,000, and became known as "Smeaton's Folly". In the 1830s mine manager and engineer said that it could be visited "in boats 30 feet in length, which are propelled in four feet of water by means of sticks projecting from the sides of the level; and thus may be enjoyed the singular novelty of sailing a few miles underground". It was intended to be 9 feet square but in the softer terrain was extended to 9'×16', dead level for <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1154941027">.mw-parser-output .frac{white-space:nowrap}.mw-parser-output .frac .num,.mw-parser-output .frac .den{font-size:80%;line-height:0;vertical-align:super}.mw-parser-output .frac .den{vertical-align:sub}.mw-parser-output .sr-only{border:0;clip:rect(0,0,0,0);clip-path:polygon(0px 0px,0px 0px,0px 0px);height:1px;margin:-1px;overflow:hidden;padding:0;position:absolute;width:1px}</style><span class="frac">3<span class="sr-only">+</span><span class="num">3</span>⁄<span class="den">4</span></span> miles (6.0 km) to allow boat use, with a rise of 35 <a href="/wiki/Fathom" title="Fathom">fathoms</a> (210 ft (64 m) at Lovelady Shield and then driven into the <a href="/wiki/Nenthead" title="Nenthead">Nenthead</a> ground. The amount of ore found was disappointing, though not insignificant. </p><p>Access to the Nent Force Level is currently extremely difficult although efforts have been made to develop a <a href="/wiki/Heritage_centre" title="Heritage centre">heritage centre</a> to make this extraordinary piece of engineering accessible to the public. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Samuel_King's_School"><span id="Samuel_King.27s_School"></span>Samuel King's School</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alston,_Cumbria&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: Samuel King's School"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>As well as having a <a href="/wiki/Primary_school" title="Primary school">primary school</a>, the town is host to England's smallest <a href="/wiki/Secondary_school" title="Secondary school">secondary school</a> (an 11–16 <a href="/wiki/Comprehensive_school" title="Comprehensive school">comprehensive</a>), <a href="/wiki/Samuel_King%27s_School" title="Samuel King's School">Samuel King's School</a>. Samuel King's serves the local communities such as Nenthead and Garrigill. Alston Moor has a second small primary school at Nenthead.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Media">Media</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alston,_Cumbria&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: Media"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Local TV coverage is provided by <a href="/wiki/BBC_North_East_and_Cumbria" title="BBC North East and Cumbria">BBC North East and Cumbria</a> and <a href="/wiki/ITV_Tyne_Tees" title="ITV Tyne Tees">ITV Tyne Tees</a>. Television signals are received from the local relay transmitter which is transmitted via the <a href="/wiki/Pontop_Pike_transmitting_station" title="Pontop Pike transmitting station">Pontop Pike</a> transmitter, it is situated north east of the town. <sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Local radio stations are <a href="/wiki/BBC_Radio_Cumbria" title="BBC Radio Cumbria">BBC Radio Cumbria</a>, <a href="/wiki/Greatest_Hits_Radio_Cumbria_%26_South_West_Scotland" title="Greatest Hits Radio Cumbria & South West Scotland">Greatest Hits Radio Cumbria & South West Scotland</a>, and community based station <a href="/wiki/Eden_FM_Radio" class="mw-redirect" title="Eden FM Radio">Eden FM Radio</a> which broadcast from its studios in <a href="/wiki/Penrith,_Cumbria" title="Penrith, Cumbria">Penrith</a>. <sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The town's local newspapers are <i><a href="/wiki/Cumberland_and_Westmorland_Herald" title="Cumberland and Westmorland Herald">Cumberland and Westmorland Herald</a></i> and <i><a href="/wiki/The_Westmorland_Gazette" title="The Westmorland Gazette">The Westmorland Gazette</a></i>. <sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Other_Media">Other Media</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alston,_Cumbria&action=edit&section=23" title="Edit section: Other Media"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Filming_locations">Filming locations</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alston,_Cumbria&action=edit&section=24" title="Edit section: Filming locations"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Front Street and the Market Cross of the town were used as filming locations in a 1997 adaptation of <i><a href="/wiki/Jane_Eyre_(1997_film)" title="Jane Eyre (1997 film)">Jane Eyre</a></i>. The town was also adapted to resemble a seaside village where Oliver is born for the 1999 <a href="/wiki/ITV_(TV_network)" title="ITV (TV network)">ITV</a> <a href="/wiki/Mini_series" class="mw-redirect" title="Mini series">mini series</a> <i><a href="/wiki/Oliver_Twist_(1999_TV_series)" title="Oliver Twist (1999 TV series)">Oliver Twist</a></i>.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="The_League_of_Gentlemen">The League of Gentlemen</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alston,_Cumbria&action=edit&section=25" title="Edit section: The League of Gentlemen"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The fictional town of <a href="/wiki/Royston_Vasey" class="mw-redirect" title="Royston Vasey">Royston Vasey</a>, the setting of the TV comedy series <i><a href="/wiki/The_League_of_Gentlemen" title="The League of Gentlemen">The League of Gentlemen</a></i>, is based on Alston.<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Demographic_imbalance">Demographic imbalance</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alston,_Cumbria&action=edit&section=26" title="Edit section: Demographic imbalance"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In August 2005, Alston made news regarding the town's apparent lack of women, with a claimed ratio of 10 men to every woman in the town. A group of young men from Alston, led by Vince Peart, set up the "Alston Moor Regeneration Society"<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> to persuade women to come to Alston. Articles appeared in <i><a href="/wiki/The_Daily_Telegraph" title="The Daily Telegraph">the Daily Telegraph</a></i>,<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <i><a href="/wiki/The_Guardian" title="The Guardian">The Guardian</a></i><sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and the <a href="/wiki/BBC" title="BBC">BBC</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A <a href="/wiki/Documentary_film" title="Documentary film">documentary</a> was shown on <a href="/wiki/Channel_4" title="Channel 4">Channel 4</a> on 11 October 2006. More than two years later, the <i>Guardian</i> reported that Alston shared first position with <a href="/wiki/Bere_Alston" title="Bere Alston">Bere Alston</a> in <a href="/wiki/Devon" title="Devon">Devon</a> in the top 10 list of places in Britain where the imbalance was at its worst.<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Transport">Transport</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alston,_Cumbria&action=edit&section=27" title="Edit section: Transport"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The area is stationed on a number of routes including the long−distance footpath the <a href="/wiki/Pennine_Way" title="Pennine Way">Pennine Way</a>, and the <a href="/wiki/Sea_to_Sea_Cycle_Route" title="Sea to Sea Cycle Route">Sea to Sea (C2C) Cycle Route</a>. <a href="/wiki/Alston_railway_station" title="Alston railway station">Alston railway station</a> was formerly the terminus of a branch line from <a href="/wiki/Haltwhistle_railway_station" title="Haltwhistle railway station">Haltwhistle</a>. The town's <a href="/wiki/Alston_Line" class="mw-redirect" title="Alston Line">rail link</a> to Haltwhistle was completed in 1852 by the <a href="/wiki/Newcastle_and_Carlisle_Railway" class="mw-redirect" title="Newcastle and Carlisle Railway">Newcastle and Carlisle Railway</a> Company. The closure of the line was decided in the <a href="/wiki/Beeching_Report" class="mw-redirect" title="Beeching Report">Beeching Report</a> in 1963, but closure was rejected due to lack of a direct road link. After a road was built, closure was again proposed in 1973 and the line closed on 1 May 1976. It was the last enacted closures of the Beeching Report (another being the <a href="/wiki/Bridport_Railway" title="Bridport Railway">Bridport branch line</a> from <a href="/wiki/Bridport" title="Bridport">Bridport</a> to <a href="/wiki/Maiden_Newton" title="Maiden Newton">Maiden Newton</a> in <a href="/wiki/Dorset" title="Dorset">Dorset</a> which closed in 1975). </p><p>Part of the route, between Alston and Slaggyford, five miles in length, is now operated as the <a href="/wiki/Narrow_gauge" class="mw-redirect" title="Narrow gauge">narrow gauge</a> <a href="/wiki/South_Tynedale_Railway" title="South Tynedale Railway">South Tynedale Railway</a>. The railway is particularly popular with tourists and passenger trains operate between April and October, with Santa Special trains operating on certain dates in December each year.<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Go North East operates two buses a day between Alston and Haltwhistle, where connections can be made to buses and trains to Carlisle and Newcastle. Wright Brothers Coaches operates an 82 miles (132 km) bus route linking Newcastle with <a href="/wiki/Keswick,_Cumbria" title="Keswick, Cumbria">Keswick</a> via <a href="/wiki/Hexham" title="Hexham">Hexham</a>, <a href="/wiki/Haydon_Bridge" title="Haydon Bridge">Haydon Bridge</a>, Alston and <a href="/wiki/Penrith,_Cumbria" title="Penrith, Cumbria">Penrith</a> from July to September each year. There are term-time bus services to Carlisle primarily for college students. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Climate">Climate</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alston,_Cumbria&action=edit&section=28" title="Edit section: Climate"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>This town has a cool and relatively rainy <a href="/wiki/Oceanic_climate" title="Oceanic climate">oceanic climate</a> (<i>Cfb</i>, according to the <a href="/wiki/K%C3%B6ppen_climate_classification" title="Köppen climate classification">Köppen climate classification</a>), with mild summers and chilly winters, with <a href="/wiki/Snow" title="Snow">snowfalls</a>. It is one of the coldest inhabited places in England. </p><p>There are some <a href="/wiki/Skiing" title="Skiing">ski</a>-tows on the northwest slopes of <a href="/wiki/Burnhope_Seat" title="Burnhope Seat">Burnhope Seat</a>, a hill situated 4 miles (6.4 km) away from Alston. This forms the Yad Moss ski facility,<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> which has been upgraded by <a href="/wiki/Sport_England" title="Sport England">Sport England</a>. </p><p>Alston holds the record for the lowest temperature reported in <a href="/wiki/Cumbria" title="Cumbria">Cumbria</a>. The temperature fell to −22.8 °C (−9.0 °F) on 17 January 1881. Additionally, the town also holds the record for the lowest temperature ever reported on 7 March in the <a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a>, at −18.9 °C (−2.0 °F) in 1886. This was also the coldest temperature reported anywhere in the United Kingdom in 1886. The town also reported the coldest temperature in the UK in 1883, at −15.1 °C (4.8 °F) on 15 March of that year.<sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Furthermore, Alston also holds the record for highest temperature reported in the UK on 8 November, at 19.1 °C (66.4 °F) in 1881.<sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div> <table class="wikitable mw-collapsible" style="width:auto; text-align:center; line-height:1.2em;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="14">Climate data for Alston, Cumbria </th></tr> <tr> <th scope="row">Month </th> <th scope="col">Jan </th> <th scope="col">Feb </th> <th scope="col">Mar </th> <th scope="col">Apr </th> <th scope="col">May </th> <th scope="col">Jun </th> <th scope="col">Jul </th> <th scope="col">Aug </th> <th scope="col">Sep </th> <th scope="col">Oct </th> <th scope="col">Nov </th> <th scope="col">Dec </th> <th scope="col" style="border-left-width:medium">Year </th></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Mean daily maximum °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #FBFBFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">3.9<br />(39.0) </td> <td style="background: #FEFEFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">4.4<br />(39.9) </td> <td style="background: #FFEEDD; color:#000000;" class="notheme">6.9<br />(44.4) </td> <td style="background: #FFD8B1; color:#000000;" class="notheme">10.1<br />(50.2) </td> <td style="background: #FFC082; color:#000000;" class="notheme">13.5<br />(56.3) </td> <td style="background: #FFAA55; color:#000000;" class="notheme">16.8<br />(62.2) </td> <td style="background: #FFA143; color:#000000;" class="notheme">18.1<br />(64.6) </td> <td style="background: #FFA54B; color:#000000;" class="notheme">17.5<br />(63.5) </td> <td style="background: #FFB871; color:#000000;" class="notheme">14.8<br />(58.6) </td> <td style="background: #FFCE9E; color:#000000;" class="notheme">11.5<br />(52.7) </td> <td style="background: #FFEBD8; color:#000000;" class="notheme">7.3<br />(45.1) </td> <td style="background: #FFFCFA; color:#000000;" class="notheme">4.8<br />(40.6) </td> <td style="background: #FFD3A8; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">10.8<br />(51.4) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Daily mean °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #EDEDFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">1.2<br />(34.2) </td> <td style="background: #EEEEFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">1.5<br />(34.7) </td> <td style="background: #F9F9FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">3.5<br />(38.3) </td> <td style="background: #FFF3E8; color:#000000;" class="notheme">6.1<br />(43.0) </td> <td style="background: #FFDFBF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">9.1<br />(48.4) </td> <td style="background: #FFC892; color:#000000;" class="notheme">12.4<br />(54.3) </td> <td style="background: #FFBE7E; color:#000000;" class="notheme">13.8<br />(56.8) </td> <td style="background: #FFC285; color:#000000;" class="notheme">13.3<br />(55.9) </td> <td style="background: #FFD2A5; color:#000000;" class="notheme">11.0<br />(51.8) </td> <td style="background: #FFE6CD; color:#000000;" class="notheme">8.1<br />(46.6) </td> <td style="background: #FDFDFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">4.3<br />(39.7) </td> <td style="background: #F2F2FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">2.1<br />(35.8) </td> <td style="background: #FFECD9; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">7.2<br />(45.0) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Mean daily minimum °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #DEDEFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−1.5<br />(29.3) </td> <td style="background: #DFDFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−1.3<br />(29.7) </td> <td style="background: #E7E7FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.2<br />(32.4) </td> <td style="background: #F2F2FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">2.1<br />(35.8) </td> <td style="background: #FFFCFA; color:#000000;" class="notheme">4.8<br />(40.6) </td> <td style="background: #FFE6CE; color:#000000;" class="notheme">8.0<br />(46.4) </td> <td style="background: #FFDBB8; color:#000000;" class="notheme">9.6<br />(49.3) </td> <td style="background: #FFDFBF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">9.1<br />(48.4) </td> <td style="background: #FFEBD8; color:#000000;" class="notheme">7.3<br />(45.1) </td> <td style="background: #FFFDFC; color:#000000;" class="notheme">4.7<br />(40.5) </td> <td style="background: #EDEDFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">1.3<br />(34.3) </td> <td style="background: #E4E4FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−0.5<br />(31.1) </td> <td style="background: #FAFAFF; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">3.7<br />(38.6) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average <a href="/wiki/Precipitation" title="Precipitation">precipitation</a> mm (inches) </th> <td style="background: #6565FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">103<br />(4.1) </td> <td style="background: #8C8CFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">70<br />(2.8) </td> <td style="background: #8383FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">83<br />(3.3) </td> <td style="background: #9D9DFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">63<br />(2.5) </td> <td style="background: #9C9CFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">66<br />(2.6) </td> <td style="background: #9797FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">67<br />(2.6) </td> <td style="background: #9393FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">72<br />(2.8) </td> <td style="background: #7777FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">91<br />(3.6) </td> <td style="background: #7474FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">90<br />(3.5) </td> <td style="background: #7272FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">94<br />(3.7) </td> <td style="background: #5E5EFF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">104<br />(4.1) </td> <td style="background: #6464FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">104<br />(4.1) </td> <td style="background: #7F7FFF; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">1,007<br />(39.7) </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="14" style="text-align:center;font-size:95%;">Source: Climate-data.org<sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr></tbody></table> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alston,_Cumbria&action=edit&section=29" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239009302">.mw-parser-output .portalbox{padding:0;margin:0.5em 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class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/6b/Herdwick_sheep_crop.jpg/28px-Herdwick_sheep_crop.jpg" decoding="async" width="28" height="28" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/6b/Herdwick_sheep_crop.jpg/42px-Herdwick_sheep_crop.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/6b/Herdwick_sheep_crop.jpg/56px-Herdwick_sheep_crop.jpg 2x" data-file-width="113" data-file-height="113" /></a></span></span><span class="portalbox-link"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Cumbria" title="Portal:Cumbria">Cumbria portal</a></span></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Listed_buildings_in_Alston_Moor" title="Listed buildings in Alston Moor">Listed buildings in Alston Moor</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alston,_Cumbria&action=edit&section=30" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.eden.gov.uk/planning-and-building/conservation/conservation-areas/list-of-conservation-areas/?entryid33=17042">"Alston Conservation Area"</a>. Eden District Council. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170223214200/http://www.eden.gov.uk/planning-and-building/conservation/conservation-areas/list-of-conservation-areas/?entryid33=17042">Archived</a> from the original on 23 February 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">23 February</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Alston+Conservation+Area&rft.pub=Eden+District+Council&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.eden.gov.uk%2Fplanning-and-building%2Fconservation%2Fconservation-areas%2Flist-of-conservation-areas%2F%3Fentryid33%3D17042&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAlston%2C+Cumbria" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.eden.gov.uk/visit-eden-in-the-lake-district/alston-and-the-north-pennines/">"Alston and the North Pennines"</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120730011422/http://www.eden.gov.uk/visit-eden-in-the-lake-district/alston-and-the-north-pennines/">Archived</a> 30 July 2012 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, Eden District Council, accessed 26 July 2010</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Cumbria County Council 'Alston Flood Investigation Report no 81' Draft 16.7.2014 (available in Alston Library)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTogodumnus_(Kevan_White)" class="citation web cs1">Togodumnus (Kevan White). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.roman-britain.co.uk/places/epiacum/">"Epiacvm"</a>. Roman-britain.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Epiacvm&rft.pub=Roman-britain&rft.au=Togodumnus+%28Kevan+White%29&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.roman-britain.co.uk%2Fplaces%2Fepiacum%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAlston%2C+Cumbria" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Mills, David. A Dictionary of British Place-Names. OUP Oxford. 2011.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://kepn.nottingham.ac.uk/map/place/Cumberland/Alston+with+Garrigill">"Key to English Place-names"</a>. <i>kepn.nottingham.ac.uk</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210714155557/http://kepn.nottingham.ac.uk/map/place/Cumberland/Alston+with+Garrigill">Archived</a> from the original on 14 July 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Peter (2009)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">St Augustine of Canterbury Alston: A history of the parish church (2007)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://britishlistedbuildings.co.uk/101087069-clarghyll-hall-alston-moor#.XtZOQjpKhPY">"Clarghyll Hall"</a>. <i>British Listed Buildings</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210125102744/https://britishlistedbuildings.co.uk/101087069-clarghyll-hall-alston-moor#.XtZOQjpKhPY">Archived</a> from the original on 25 January 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2 June</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=British+Listed+Buildings&rft.atitle=Clarghyll+Hall&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbritishlistedbuildings.co.uk%2F101087069-clarghyll-hall-alston-moor%23.XtZOQjpKhPY&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAlston%2C+Cumbria" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.samuelkings.cumbria.sch.uk">"index"</a>. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">8 July</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=index&rft.pub=Samuelkings.cumbria.sch.uk&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.samuelkings.cumbria.sch.uk&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAlston%2C+Cumbria" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ukfree.tv/transmitters/tv/Alston">"Freeview Light on the Alston (Cumbria, England) transmitter"</a>. <i>UK Free TV</i>. 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">18 July</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=UK+Free+TV&rft.atitle=Freeview+Light+on+the+Alston+%28Cumbria%2C+England%29+transmitter&rft.date=2024&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fukfree.tv%2Ftransmitters%2Ftv%2FAlston&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAlston%2C+Cumbria" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.edenfm.co.uk/">"Eden FM"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">18 July</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Eden+FM&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.edenfm.co.uk%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAlston%2C+Cumbria" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britishpapers.co.uk/england-nw/cumberland-westmorland-herald/">"Cumberland and Westmorland Herald"</a>. <i>British Papers</i>. 18 August 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">18 July</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=British+Papers&rft.atitle=Cumberland+and+Westmorland+Herald&rft.date=2013-08-18&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.britishpapers.co.uk%2Fengland-nw%2Fcumberland-westmorland-herald%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAlston%2C+Cumbria" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britishpapers.co.uk/england-nw/westmorland-gazette/">"The Westmorland Gazette"</a>. <i>British Papers</i>. 15 November 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Leaflet produced by Alston Moor Business Association (no date but available at Tourist Information, Alston 2013)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Oliver Twist; the official companion to the ITV series</i> by Tom McGregor <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1%2B85227837%2B4" title="Special:BookSources/1+85227837+4">1 85227837 4</a> (Virgin Books)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1"><i>The "League of Gentlemen" Scripts and That</i>. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">8 July</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=South+Tynedale+Railway&rft.pub=Strps.org.uk&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.strps.org.uk&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAlston%2C+Cumbria" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-33">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://web108.extendcp.co.uk/yadmoss.co.uk/">"Yad Moss – England's Longest Ski Lift"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201204182900/http://web108.extendcp.co.uk/yadmoss.co.uk/">Archived</a> from the original on 4 December 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">14 July</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Yad+Moss+%E2%80%93+England%27s+Longest+Ski+Lift&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fweb108.extendcp.co.uk%2Fyadmoss.co.uk%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAlston%2C+Cumbria" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-34">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHarley" class="citation web cs1">Harley, Trevor. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.trevorharley.com/coldest-days-of-each-year-from-1875.html">"Coldest day of each year from 1875"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210709183055/https://www.trevorharley.com/coldest-days-of-each-year-from-1875.html">Archived</a> from the original on 9 July 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">3 July</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Coldest+day+of+each+year+from+1875&rft.aulast=Harley&rft.aufirst=Trevor&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.trevorharley.com%2Fcoldest-days-of-each-year-from-1875.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAlston%2C+Cumbria" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-35">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://higheredbcs.wiley.com/legacy/college/doe/1118949951/pdf/Doe_web3.pdf">"Extreme Weather: Forty Years of the Tornado and Storm Research Organisation (TORRO)"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. John Wiley & Sons Ltd. 2016. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210709183051/https://higheredbcs.wiley.com/legacy/college/doe/1118949951/pdf/Doe_web3.pdf">Archived</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> from the original on 9 July 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">3 July</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Extreme+Weather%3A+Forty+Years+of+the+Tornado+and+Storm+Research+Organisation+%28TORRO%29&rft.pub=John+Wiley+%26+Sons+Ltd.&rft.date=2016&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fhigheredbcs.wiley.com%2Flegacy%2Fcollege%2Fdoe%2F1118949951%2Fpdf%2FDoe_web3.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAlston%2C+Cumbria" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-36">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://en.climate-data.org/location/8898/">"Climate: Alston"</a>. Climate-data.org. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160807065825/http://en.climate-data.org/location/8898/">Archived</a> from the original on 7 August 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">8 July</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Climate%3A+Alston&rft.pub=Climate-data.org&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fen.climate-data.org%2Flocation%2F8898%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAlston%2C+Cumbria" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alston,_Cumbria&action=edit&section=31" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><i>A history of Alston Moor</i> by Alastair Robertson <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-9547339-1-6" title="Special:BookSources/0-9547339-1-6">0-9547339-1-6</a> </p><p><i>Old Alston</i> by Peter Wilkinson <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-84033-463-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-84033-463-0">978-1-84033-463-0</a> </p><p><i>The Nent Force Level and Brewery Shaft</i> by Peter Wilkinson <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-9541845-0-5" title="Special:BookSources/0-9541845-0-5">0-9541845-0-5</a> </p><p><i>Alston Moor, Cumbria: Buildings in a North Pennines landscape</i> by Lucy Jessop and Matthew Whitfield, with Andrew Davison (English Heritage) 2013 <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-84802-117-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-84802-117-4">978-1-84802-117-4</a> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alston,_Cumbria&action=edit&section=32" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 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href="/wiki/Cumbria" title="Cumbria">Cumbria</a></span></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><i><a href="/wiki/Portal:Cumbria" title="Portal:Cumbria">Cumbria Portal</a></i></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Unitary authorities</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cumberland_(district)" class="mw-redirect" title="Cumberland (district)">Cumberland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Westmorland_and_Furness" title="Westmorland and Furness">Westmorland and Furness</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Major settlements<br />(cities in italics)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Alston</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ambleside" title="Ambleside">Ambleside</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Appleby-in-Westmorland" title="Appleby-in-Westmorland">Appleby-in-Westmorland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aspatria" title="Aspatria">Aspatria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barrow-in-Furness" title="Barrow-in-Furness">Barrow-in-Furness</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bowness-on-Windermere" title="Bowness-on-Windermere">Bowness-on-Windermere</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brampton,_Carlisle" title="Brampton, Carlisle">Brampton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Broughton-in-Furness" title="Broughton-in-Furness">Broughton-in-Furness</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Carlisle" title="Carlisle">Carlisle</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cleator_Moor" title="Cleator Moor">Cleator Moor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cockermouth" title="Cockermouth">Cockermouth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dalton-in-Furness" title="Dalton-in-Furness">Dalton-in-Furness</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Egremont,_Cumbria" title="Egremont, Cumbria">Egremont</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grange-over-Sands" title="Grange-over-Sands">Grange-over-Sands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kendal" title="Kendal">Kendal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Keswick,_Cumbria" title="Keswick, Cumbria">Keswick</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kirkby_Lonsdale" title="Kirkby Lonsdale">Kirkby Lonsdale</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kirkby_Stephen" title="Kirkby Stephen">Kirkby Stephen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Longtown,_Cumbria" title="Longtown, Cumbria">Longtown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maryport" title="Maryport">Maryport</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Millom" title="Millom">Millom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Penrith,_Cumbria" title="Penrith, Cumbria">Penrith</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sedbergh" title="Sedbergh">Sedbergh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Silloth" title="Silloth">Silloth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ulverston" title="Ulverston">Ulverston</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Whitehaven" title="Whitehaven">Whitehaven</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wigton" title="Wigton">Wigton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Windermere,_Cumbria_(town)" title="Windermere, Cumbria (town)">Windermere</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Workington" title="Workington">Workington</a><br /><i>See also:</i> <b><a href="/wiki/List_of_civil_parishes_in_Cumbria" class="mw-redirect" title="List of civil parishes in Cumbria">List of civil parishes in Cumbria</a></b></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Topics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_parliamentary_constituencies_in_Cumbria" title="List of parliamentary constituencies in Cumbria">Parliamentary constituencies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_places_in_Cumbria" title="List of places in Cumbria">Places</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Sites_of_Special_Scientific_Interest_in_Cumbria" title="List of Sites of Special Scientific Interest in Cumbria">SSSIs</a></li> <li><a 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