International Journal of Engineering Research in Africa Vol. 54

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class="info-row-content semibold-middle-text col-md-10 col-sm-9 col-xs-8"> <div class="row"> <p><a href="https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/JERA.54">https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/JERA.54</a></p> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div id="titleMarcXmlLink" style="display: none" class="papers-block-info col-lg-12"> <div class="row"> <div class="info-row-name normal-text-gray col-md-2 col-sm-3 col-xs-4"> <div class="row"> <p>Export:</p> </div> </div> <div class="info-row-content semibold-middle-text col-md-10 col-sm-9 col-xs-8"> <div class="row"> <p><a href="/JERA.54/marc.xml">MARCXML</a></p> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="papers-block-info col-lg-12"> <div class="row"> <div class="info-row-name normal-text-gray col-md-2 col-sm-3 col-xs-4"> <div class="row"> <p>ToC:</p> </div> </div> <div class="info-row-content semibold-middle-text col-md-10 col-sm-9 col-xs-8"> <div class="row"> <p><a href="/JERA.54_toc.pdf">Table of Contents</a></p> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="volume-tabs"> </div> <div class=""> <div class="volume-papers-page"> <div class="block-search-pagination clearfix"> <div class="block-search-volume"> <input id="paper-search" type="search" placeholder="Search" maxlength="65"> </div> <div class="pagination-container"><ul class="pagination"><li class="active"><span>1</span></li><li><a href="/JERA.54/2">2</a></li><li class="PagedList-skipToNext"><a href="/JERA.54/2" rel="next">></a></li></ul></div> </div> <div class="block-volume-title normal-text-gray"> <p> Paper Title <span>Page</span> </p> </div> <div class="item-block"> <div class="item-link"> <a href="/JERA.54.1">Mechanical Properties of Gas Metal Arc Weldments of AISI 304 Stainless Steel Using Different Shielding Gas Compositions</a> </div> <div class="item-link volume-authors"> <div class="semibold-middle-text"> Authors: Augusta Ijeoma Ekpemogu, Olamide Emmanuel Ariwoola, Akeem Abiodun Rasheed, Oladipupo Akinleye Ogundele, Taiwo Ebenezer Abioye, Tunde Isaac Ogedengbe </div> </div> <div id="abstractTextBlock561264" class="volume-info volume-info-text volume-info-description"> Abstract: In this work, gas metal arc welding of AISI 304 stainless steel at varying compositions of argon-CO<sub>2</sub> shielding environment was performed using an established optimum parametric combination. Thereafter, investigations on the microstructure of the welded joints and mechanical properties of the weldments were carried out. Weldments of excellent surface quality that are void of spatters and pores were obtained when the shielding gas composition (wt.%) range is between 100% argon and 75% argon - 25% CO<sub>2</sub>. Increasing percentage composition of CO<sub>2</sub> beyond 25% resulted in irregular bead formation characterized with spatters and pores. The hardness of the welded joint became significantly high as the CO<sub>2</sub> composition in the shielding gas increased. The highest value of 310 HV was obtained when the shielding gas composition was 5% argon- 95% CO<sub>2</sub>. The least (220 HV) was obtained when the shielding gas was 100% argon. High ultimate tensile strength (596 - 378 MPa) was achieved when the shielding gas composition range is between 100% argon and 75% argon-25% CO<sub>2. </sub>The UTS dropped significantly as the CO<sub>2</sub> composition in the shielding gas increased beyond 25%. It decreased from 336 MPa at 70% argon-30% CO<sub>2</sub> shielding gas composition to 133 MPa when 100% CO<sub>2</sub> was utilized as the shielding gas. At the end, the effects of the CO<sub>2</sub> addition and suitable composition of CO<sub>2</sub> addition to argon shielding environment during GMAW of AISI 304 stainless steel have been established. </div> <div> <a data-readmore="{ block: '#abstractTextBlock561264', lines: 2, expandText: '...more', collapseText: '...less' }"></a> </div> <div class="page-number semibold-large-text"> 1 </div> </div> <div class="item-block"> <div class="item-link"> <a href="/JERA.54.12">Variability of Surface Strengthening of Aluminum Cylinders of Internal Combustion Engines</a> </div> <div class="item-link volume-authors"> <div class="semibold-middle-text"> Authors: Nikolay F. Kolenchin, Denis V. Denisenko </div> </div> <div id="abstractTextBlock565948" class="volume-info volume-info-text volume-info-description"> Abstract: This article discusses the ways of intensification of the oxidation process with the formation of surface properties necessary to increase the service life of one of the parts of an internal combustion engine - a cylinder made of cast aluminum alloy. A brief overview of existing technologies for hardening the aluminum surface is presented. Environmentally friendly options are proposed for using the potential of processes that have accumulated energy within an electrolytic cell by activating the interelectrode gap and forming an oxide with desired properties. The main difference from the existing model approaches of oxide formation lies in the parallel excitation of the main participant in the process, oxygen, in order to dominate it over other, oxygen-containing donors. Ways of using the energy of cavitation phenomena due to acoustic resonance in an electrolytic solution are proposed. Redistribution of the field potential by replacing a flat cathode with a pointed one changed the conductivity conditions in the interelectrode gap as a result of the electroconvective action. The structure of the oxide layer, phase changes, and physical properties confirming the originality of oxide coatings have been investigated. </div> <div> <a data-readmore="{ block: '#abstractTextBlock565948', lines: 2, expandText: '...more', collapseText: '...less' }"></a> </div> <div class="page-number semibold-large-text"> 12 </div> </div> <div class="item-block"> <div class="item-link"> <a href="/JERA.54.23">Mechanical Properties of Al 6063 Processed with Equal Channel Angular Extrusion under Varying Process Parameters</a> </div> <div class="item-link volume-authors"> <div class="semibold-middle-text"> Authors: T.M. Azeez, Lateef O. Mudashiru, T.B. Asafa, A.A. Adeleke, Peter Pelumi Ikubanni </div> </div> <div id="abstractTextBlock557442" class="volume-info volume-info-text volume-info-description"> Abstract: Mechanical properties of extruded aluminum are known to significantly depend on the process parameters such as temperature, numbers of extrusion pass and extrusion load among others. This implies that these properties can be influenced by tuning the process parameters. Herein, the effects of these parameters on the tensile strength and hardness of aluminum 6063 series were investigated by using equal channel angular extrusion (ECAE). Experiments were designed using Design Expert software. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) was then used to investigate the main and interactions effects of the process parameters. An empirical mathematical model was generated that shows the relationship between the input and output variables using response surface methodology. Temperature was found to be the most significant factor while extrusion load was the least factor that influenced the hardness and tensile strength which were the output factors. There was a significant increase in tensile strength and hardness after extrusion at different mix of factors. The optimum input variable was discovered at 1020.58 kN, 489.67掳C and 3 numbers of extrusion passes. </div> <div> <a data-readmore="{ block: '#abstractTextBlock557442', lines: 2, expandText: '...more', collapseText: '...less' }"></a> </div> <div class="page-number semibold-large-text"> 23 </div> </div> <div class="item-block"> <div class="item-link"> <a href="/JERA.54.33">Randomly Dispersed Coated Composites Study by Statistical Approach and Numerical Homogenization Method</a> </div> <div class="item-link volume-authors"> <div class="semibold-middle-text"> Authors: Kamel Fedaoui, Mohammed Said Boutaani, Amor Bourebbou, Laid Chaibainou, Abdelyamine Boukhobza </div> </div> <div id="abstractTextBlock562337" class="volume-info volume-info-text volume-info-description"> Abstract: The aim of this work is the computation of effective elastic properties of 3D 3-phase random heterogeneous coated materials. For that, a new expression of the integral range for 3-phase random coated heterogeneous materials is used. The computation is achieved using a representative microstructure with non-overlapping inclusions. Numerical simulations is used under periodic boundary conditions (PBC) and kinematic uniform boundary conditions (KUBC) prescribed over Representative Volume Element (RVE). The obtained effective elastic properties are compared with different analytical models as Hashin and Shtrikman bounds and the n+1 phase model. Using the statistical methods, a new extension of the integral range for 3-phase coated materials is proposed. </div> <div> <a data-readmore="{ block: '#abstractTextBlock562337', lines: 2, expandText: '...more', collapseText: '...less' }"></a> </div> <div class="page-number semibold-large-text"> 33 </div> </div> <div class="item-block"> <div class="item-link"> <a href="/JERA.54.43">Engineering Properties of Concrete with a Ternary Blend of Fly Ash, Wheat Straw Ash, and Maize Cob Ash</a> </div> <div class="item-link volume-authors"> <div class="semibold-middle-text"> Authors: Naraindas Bheel, Paul O. Awoyera, Oladimeji B. Olalusi </div> </div> <div id="abstractTextBlock565245" class="volume-info volume-info-text volume-info-description"> Abstract: In recent years, recycled materials mostly available in abundant quantities in local agricultural fields are considered as potential constituent material for concrete production. Also, cement production emits many toxic gases in the atmosphere, which causes environmental pollution and greenhouse gases. Thus, recyc;ed materials, such as fly ash (FA), wheat straw ash (WSA), and maize corn ash (MCA) are condered as cementitious binders in concrete for sustainable development. This study aims to determine the engineering properties of concrete with a ternary blend of fly ash, wheat straw ash, and maize cob ash. A total of 73 concrete cubes, 42 reinforced concrete prisms and 42 concrete cylinders were cast to examine mechanical properties of concrete at 7, 28, and 56 curing days. At 28 days (maturity period), the experimental results showed an increase in compressive, tensile, and flexural strength by 12.28%, 9.33%, and 9.93%, respectively, at 9% substitution of ternary cementitious materials (TCM). However, the density of concrete was reduced by 9.92%, with an increase in the TCM content after 28 days. Moreover, the modulus of elasticity was improved by 14.23% with an increase in the content of TCM up to 18% after 28 days, and drying shrinkage of concrete was reduced with the introduction of TCM content after 50 days. However, the workability of fresh concrete decreased as the percentage of TCM increased. Results of this study proved that agricultural materials investgated could be good fit as binder in cementitious composites. </div> <div> <a data-readmore="{ block: '#abstractTextBlock565245', lines: 2, expandText: '...more', collapseText: '...less' }"></a> </div> <div class="page-number semibold-large-text"> 43 </div> </div> <div class="item-block"> <div class="item-link"> <a href="/JERA.54.56">Influence of Calcined Clay on the Strength Characteristics and Microstructure of Recycled Aggregate Concrete for Sustainable Construction</a> </div> <div class="item-link volume-authors"> <div class="semibold-middle-text"> Authors: Oluwarotimi Michael Olofinnade, Isaac T. Oyawoye </div> </div> <div id="abstractTextBlock554164" class="volume-info volume-info-text volume-info-description"> Abstract: Utilization of concrete wastes as aggregate in conventional concrete is regarded as a promising way of achieving sustainability within the built-up environment. This study investigated the performance of high strength concrete produced using recycled aggregate (RCA) with the addition of calcined clay in the concrete mixes. The recycled aggregate was sourced from concrete rubbles and treated by soaking in water, while calcined clay was sourced from the pilot pozzolana plant of the Nigerian Building and Road Research Institute (NBRRI). The recycled concrete aggregates were used as a replacement for coarse aggregate at levels of 0, 20, 40, 60, 80 and 100%, using a mix ratio of 1:1:2 at a constant water-binder ratio of 0.25. Superplasticizer was added to ensure the workability of the mixes. The calcined clay was added at 15 and 20% partial replacement for cement in the mixes. Physical and chemical properties of the materials used were determined, while the workability of the concrete mixes was examined using the slump. The compressive strength of the hardened concrete was determined after 7, 28 and 56 days of curing using 100 mm cube samples. Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) was used to evaluate the morphology of selected concrete. Results showed that soaking of the recycled aggregate in water limit the water absorption rate of the RCA aggregates in the mixes, while the addition of calcined clay was observed to slightly reduce the workability of the concrete mixes. A reduction trend in compressive strength was noticed as the percentage of recycled aggregate increases, however, a significant increase in compressive strength was observed with the addition of calcined clay at 15% cement replacement. An optimum concrete mix containing 20% recycled aggregate and 15% calcined clay showed improve performance compare to the other mixes. The implication of these results suggests that recycled concrete aggregate can be used for the production of sustainable structural concrete. </div> <div> <a data-readmore="{ block: '#abstractTextBlock554164', lines: 2, expandText: '...more', collapseText: '...less' }"></a> </div> <div class="page-number semibold-large-text"> 56 </div> </div> <div class="item-block"> <div class="item-link"> <a href="/JERA.54.71">Mechanical Behaviour of Cement-Bound Gravels by Experiment-Based 3D Multi-Scale Modelling: Application to Non-Hazardous Waste Incineration Bottom Ashes Aggregates for Use in Road Engineering</a> </div> <div class="item-link volume-authors"> <div class="semibold-middle-text"> Authors: Libasse Sow, Fabrice Bernard, Siham Kamali-Bernard </div> </div> <div id="abstractTextBlock563571" class="volume-info volume-info-text volume-info-description"> Abstract: This paper presents a hierarchical multi-scale modelling approach devoted to investigating the mechanical behaviour of cement-bound gravels. Material studied is based on Non-Hazardous Waste Incineration (NHWI) bottom ashes. The elastic moduli of NHWI particles have been previously determined by an original indentation campaign never conducted so far on these types of aggregates. The results of the experimental campaign serve as input data to the developed numerical strategy. The modelling is based on the definition of Representative Elementary Volumes (REV) considering all the heterogeneities of the material. The "virtual laboratory" set up made it possible to determine the mechanical parameters characterizing the gravel treated with 3% of cement. The high value obtained of the internal friction angle (76 掳) gives the material a good bearing capacity. The classification in mechanical classes 3 and 4 when the Young's modulus of the NHWI particles varies from 20 to 80 GPa proves the feasibility of the reuse of this type of industrial by-products in this sector of activity. The present modelling approach is validated by means of comparisons with experimental results of the literature. </div> <div> <a data-readmore="{ block: '#abstractTextBlock563571', lines: 2, expandText: '...more', collapseText: '...less' }"></a> </div> <div class="page-number semibold-large-text"> 71 </div> </div> <div class="item-block"> <div class="item-link"> <a href="/JERA.54.86">Experimental Investigation to Evaluate the Behavior of Concrete-Filled Steel Tubular Columns under the Effect of the Distribution of the 鈥嶵otal Steel Area between the Internal Concrete Core and the External Steel Tube</a> </div> <div class="item-link volume-authors"> <div class="semibold-middle-text"> Authors: Yasser Riffat Tawfic, Ahmad Saudi A. Sayed, Mohamed A. Eid, L.M. Abd el-Hafez </div> </div> <div id="abstractTextBlock574880" class="volume-info volume-info-text volume-info-description"> Abstract: Composite columns are generally installed in high-rise buildings and bridges. As well as being smaller and lighter than conventional reinforced concrete columns, composite columns offer high efficiency and ductility. In this research, experimental and analytical studies were carried out to investigate the optimal distribution of the 鈥巘otal steel area of the Concrete-Filled Hollow Steel Tube (CFHST) columns; the experimental program included 20 CFHST columns. 鈥嶵he main variables of the experimental study were the distribution of the total steel cross-sectional area over the internal concrete core (steel reinforcement) and the external steel tube, the cross-sectional shape, the width-to-breadth ratio t/b, and the presence or absence of shear connectors. In addition, using equations of different codes, comparison was conducted between the experimental and analytical results. For a constant steel cross-sectional area, the use of internal steel bars and external steel tubes, together with the use of shear connectors, was found to exhibit a better ultimate load capacity, stiffness, and ductility for the CFHST columns. </div> <div> <a data-readmore="{ block: '#abstractTextBlock574880', lines: 2, expandText: '...more', collapseText: '...less' }"></a> </div> <div class="page-number semibold-large-text"> 86 </div> </div> <div class="item-block"> <div class="item-link"> <a href="/JERA.54.100">Influence of Chemical Reaction and Arrhenius Activation Energy on Hydromagnetic Non-Darcian Casson Nanofluid Flow with Second-Order Slip Condition</a> </div> <div class="item-link volume-authors"> <div class="semibold-middle-text"> Authors: Emmanuel Olurotimi Titiloye, Adeshina Taofeeq Adeosun, Jacob Abiodun Gbadeyan </div> </div> <div id="abstractTextBlock563126" class="volume-info volume-info-text volume-info-description"> Abstract: This article investigates the combined effect of second-order velocity slip, Arrhenius activation energy and binary chemical reaction on reactive Casson nanofluid flow in a non-Darcian porous medium. The governing equations of the problem were first non-dimensionalized and later reduced to ordinary nonlinear differential equations by adopting a similarity transformation. The emerging nonlinear boundary value problem was solved by using Galerkin weighted residual method (GWRM). The obtained results were compared with those found in the literature to validate our method. The impact of pertinent parameters on the velocity component, temperature distribution and concentration profile are presented using graphs and were discussed. The computational results show that an increase in second order slip parameter significantly results to an increase in the temperature as well as nanoparticle concentration profiles, while it reduces the velocity profile. </div> <div> <a data-readmore="{ block: '#abstractTextBlock563126', lines: 2, expandText: '...more', collapseText: '...less' }"></a> </div> <div class="page-number semibold-large-text"> 100 </div> </div> <div class="item-block"> <div class="item-link"> <a href="/JERA.54.118">The Effect of Viscous Dissipation and Thermal Radiation in Siskoferronanofluid Flow over a Porous Medium</a> </div> <div class="item-link volume-authors"> <div class="semibold-middle-text"> Authors: K. Saritha, R. Muthusami, M. Rameshkumar </div> </div> <div id="abstractTextBlock561613" class="volume-info volume-info-text volume-info-description"> Abstract: This Paper contributes heat transfer phenomena in mixed convection flow of Siskoferronanofluidover a porous surface in the presence of a temperature gradient heat sink with prescribed heatflux. The effect of viscous dissipation and thermal radiation on the flow field is also taken in to consideration. The three types of ferromagnetic particles Nickel Zinc ferrite (Ni鈥揨nFe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub>), ManganeseZinc ferrite (Mn<sub>1</sub>/2Zn<sub>1</sub>/2Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub>) and Cobalt ferrite (CoFe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub>) are considered with water (H<sub>2</sub>O)and Ethylene Glycol (C<sub>2</sub>H<sub>6</sub>O<sub>2</sub>) as conventional base fluids. The RungeKuttaFehlberg method of numerical methodology is used to solve momentum and energy equations. With the help of graphs andtables, the effect of various associated physical parameters on the velocity, temperature, Skin frictioncoefficient and Nusselt number is studied. The present results indicate that the heat transfer rate ofEthylene Glycol based Siskoferronanofluid is higher than that of water based fluid and also waterbased Siskoferronanofluid reduces shear stress of the fluid flow rapidly than Ethylene glycol basedfluid. The accuracy of the results comparison table is validated with the current data. </div> <div> <a data-readmore="{ block: '#abstractTextBlock561613', lines: 2, expandText: '...more', collapseText: '...less' }"></a> </div> <div class="page-number semibold-large-text"> 118 </div> </div> <div class="block-bottom-pagination"> <div class="pager-info"> <p>Showing 1 to 10 of 15 Paper Titles</p> </div> <div class="pagination-container"><ul class="pagination"><li class="active"><span>1</span></li><li><a href="/JERA.54/2">2</a></li><li class="PagedList-skipToNext"><a href="/JERA.54/2" rel="next">></a></li></ul></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="social-icon-popup"> <a href="https://www.facebook.com/Scientific.Net.Ltd/" target="_blank" rel="noopener" title="Scientific.Net"><i class="inline-icon facebook-popup-icon social-icon"></i></a> <a href="https://twitter.com/Scientific_Net/" target="_blank" rel="noopener" title="Scientific.Net"><i class="inline-icon twitter-popup-icon social-icon"></i></a> <a href="https://www.linkedin.com/company/scientificnet/" target="_blank" rel="noopener" title="Scientific.Net"><i class="inline-icon linkedin-popup-icon social-icon"></i></a> </div> </div> <div class="sc-footer"> <div class="footer-fluid"> <div class="container"> <div class="row"> <div class="footer-menu col-md-12 col-sm-12 col-xs-12"> <ul class="list-inline menu-font"> <li><a href="/ForLibraries">For Libraries</a></li> <li><a href="/ForPublication/Paper">For Publication</a></li> <li><a href="/insights" target="_blank">Insights</a></li> <li><a href="/DocuCenter">Downloads</a></li> <li><a href="/Home/AboutUs">About Us</a></li> <li><a href="/PolicyAndEthics/PublishingPolicies">Policy & Ethics</a></li> <li><a href="/Home/Contacts">Contact Us</a></li> <li><a href="/Home/Imprint">Imprint</a></li> <li><a href="/Home/PrivacyPolicy">Privacy Policy</a></li> <li><a href="/Home/Sitemap">Sitemap</a></li> <li><a href="/Conferences">All Conferences</a></li> <li><a href="/special-issues">All Special Issues</a></li> <li><a href="/news/all">All News</a></li> <li><a href="/open-access-partners">Open Access Partners</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="line-footer"></div> <div class="footer-fluid"> <div class="container"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-xs-12"> <a href="https://www.facebook.com/Scientific.Net.Ltd/" target="_blank" rel="noopener" title="Scientific.Net"><i class="inline-icon facebook-footer-icon social-icon"></i></a> <a href="https://twitter.com/Scientific_Net/" target="_blank" rel="noopener" title="Scientific.Net"><i class="inline-icon twitter-footer-icon social-icon"></i></a> <a href="https://www.linkedin.com/company/scientificnet/" target="_blank" rel="noopener" title="Scientific.Net"><i class="inline-icon linkedin-footer-icon social-icon"></i></a> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="line-footer"></div> <div class="footer-fluid"> <div class="container"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-xs-12 footer-copyright"> <p> © 2025 Trans Tech Publications Ltd. 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International Journal of Engineering Research in Africa Vol. 54 | Scientific.Net