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title="由此 IP 位址編輯的清單[y]" accesskey="y"><span>績</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E7%89%B9%E6%AE%8A:%E5%90%BE%E6%9B%B8%E6%88%BF" title="此IP所修之議[n]" accesskey="n"><span>議</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="站台"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="目次" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc 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id="toc-史-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-書式" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#書式"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">二</span> <span>書式</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-書式-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="目次" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="切換目次" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">切換目次</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">越南語</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="前往別種語言的條目。有一四〇種語言可用" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-140" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">一四〇種語言</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ace mw-list-item"><a href="https://ace.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bahsa_Wat_Tunong" title="Bahsa Wat Tunong – 亞齊文" lang="ace" hreflang="ace" data-title="Bahsa Wat Tunong" data-language-autonym="Acèh" data-language-local-name="亞齊文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Acèh</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vi%C3%ABtnamees" title="Viëtnamees – 南非荷蘭文" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Viëtnamees" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="南非荷蘭文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-am mw-list-item"><a href="https://am.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%89%AC%E1%89%B5%E1%8A%93%E1%88%9D%E1%8A%9B" title="ቬትናምኛ – 阿姆哈拉文" lang="am" hreflang="am" data-title="ቬትናምኛ" data-language-autonym="አማርኛ" data-language-local-name="阿姆哈拉文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>አማርኛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-anp mw-list-item"><a href="https://anp.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%80_%E0%A4%AD%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B7%E0%A4%BE" title="वियतनामी भाषा – 昂加文" lang="anp" hreflang="anp" data-title="वियतनामी भाषा" data-language-autonym="अंगिका" data-language-local-name="昂加文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>अंगिका</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%84%D8%BA%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%81%D9%8A%D8%AA%D9%86%D8%A7%D9%85%D9%8A%D8%A9" title="اللغة الفيتنامية – 阿拉伯文" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="اللغة الفيتنامية" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="阿拉伯文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A4%D9%8A%D9%8A%D8%AA%D9%86%D8%A7%D9%85%D9%89" title="ڤييتنامى – 埃及阿拉伯文" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="ڤييتنامى" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="埃及阿拉伯文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vietnam%C3%ADn" title="Vietnamín – 阿斯圖里亞文" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Vietnamín" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="阿斯圖里亞文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vyetnam_dili" title="Vyetnam dili – 亞塞拜然文" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Vyetnam dili" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="亞塞拜然文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D1%8C%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BC_%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5" title="Вьетнам теле – 巴什喀爾文" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Вьетнам теле" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="巴什喀爾文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ban mw-list-item"><a href="https://ban.wikipedia.org/wiki/Basa_Vi%C3%A9tnam" title="Basa Viétnam – 峇里文" lang="ban" hreflang="ban" data-title="Basa Viétnam" data-language-autonym="Basa Bali" data-language-local-name="峇里文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Basa Bali</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tataramon_na_Bietnamita" title="Tataramon na Bietnamita – Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="Tataramon na Bietnamita" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Central Bikol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bikol Central</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%E2%80%99%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BC%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0" title="В’етнамская мова – 白俄羅斯文" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="В’етнамская мова" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="白俄羅斯文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D1%96%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BC%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0" title="Віетнамская мова – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Віетнамская мова" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BC%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BA" title="Виетнамски език – 保加利亞文" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Виетнамски език" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="保加利亞文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AD%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%A4%E0%A6%A8%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%AE%E0%A7%80_%E0%A6%AD%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B7%E0%A6%BE" title="ভিয়েতনামী ভাষা – 孟加拉文" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="ভিয়েতনামী ভাষা" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="孟加拉文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vietnameg" title="Vietnameg – 布列塔尼文" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Vietnameg" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="布列塔尼文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vietnamita" title="Vietnamita – 加泰蘭文" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Vietnamita" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="加泰蘭文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cdo mw-list-item"><a href="https://cdo.wikipedia.org/wiki/U%C5%8Fk-n%C3%A0ng-ng%E1%B9%B3%CC%84" title="Uŏk-nàng-ngṳ̄ – Mindong" lang="cdo" hreflang="cdo" data-title="Uŏk-nàng-ngṳ̄" data-language-autonym="閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄" data-language-local-name="Mindong" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ce mw-list-item"><a href="https://ce.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D1%8C%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BC%D1%85%D0%BE%D0%B9%D0%BD_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%82%D1%82" title="Вьетнамхойн мотт – 車臣文" lang="ce" hreflang="ce" data-title="Вьетнамхойн мотт" data-language-autonym="Нохчийн" data-language-local-name="車臣文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Нохчийн</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Binyetnamita" title="Binyetnamita – 宿霧文" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Binyetnamita" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="宿霧文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B2%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%86%DB%8C_%DA%A4%DB%8C%DB%8E%D8%AA%D9%86%D8%A7%D9%85%DB%8C" title="زمانی ڤیێتنامی – 中庫德文" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="زمانی ڤیێتنامی" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="中庫德文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vietnam%C5%A1tina" title="Vietnamština – 捷克文" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Vietnamština" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="捷克文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fietnameg" title="Fietnameg – 威爾斯文" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Fietnameg" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="威爾斯文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vietnamesisk_(sprog)" title="Vietnamesisk (sprog) – 丹麥文" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Vietnamesisk (sprog)" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="丹麥文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vietnamesische_Sprache" title="Vietnamesische Sprache – 德文" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Vietnamesische Sprache" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="德文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-diq mw-list-item"><a href="https://diq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vietnamki" title="Vietnamki – Zazaki" lang="diq" hreflang="diq" data-title="Vietnamki" data-language-autonym="Zazaki" data-language-local-name="Zazaki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zazaki</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%92%CE%B9%CE%B5%CF%84%CE%BD%CE%B1%CE%BC%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%AE_%CE%B3%CE%BB%CF%8E%CF%83%CF%83%CE%B1" title="Βιετναμική γλώσσα – 希臘文" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Βιετναμική γλώσσα" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="希臘文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vietnamese_language" title="Vietnamese language – 英文" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Vietnamese language" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="英文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vjetnama_lingvo" title="Vjetnama lingvo – 世界文" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Vjetnama lingvo" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="世界文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Idioma_vietnamita" title="Idioma vietnamita – 西班牙文" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Idioma vietnamita" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="西班牙文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vietnami_keel" title="Vietnami keel – 愛沙尼亞文" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Vietnami keel" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="愛沙尼亞文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vietnamera" title="Vietnamera – 巴斯克文" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Vietnamera" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="巴斯克文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ext mw-list-item"><a href="https://ext.wikipedia.org/wiki/Luenga_vietnamita" title="Luenga vietnamita – 埃斯特雷馬杜拉文" lang="ext" hreflang="ext" data-title="Luenga vietnamita" data-language-autonym="Estremeñu" data-language-local-name="埃斯特雷馬杜拉文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Estremeñu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B2%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%86_%D9%88%DB%8C%D8%AA%D9%86%D8%A7%D9%85%DB%8C" title="زبان ویتنامی – 波斯文" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="زبان ویتنامی" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="波斯文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vietnamin_kieli" title="Vietnamin kieli – 芬蘭文" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Vietnamin kieli" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="芬蘭文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vietnamien" title="Vietnamien – 法文" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Vietnamien" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="法文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frp mw-list-item"><a href="https://frp.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vi%C3%AAtnamien" title="Viêtnamien – 法蘭克-普羅旺斯文" lang="frp" hreflang="frp" data-title="Viêtnamien" data-language-autonym="Arpetan" data-language-local-name="法蘭克-普羅旺斯文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Arpetan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wjetnameesk_spriak" title="Wjetnameesk spriak – 北弗里西亞文" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Wjetnameesk spriak" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="北弗里西亞文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/An_V%C3%ADtneaimis" title="An Vítneaimis – 愛爾蘭文" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="An Vítneaimis" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="愛爾蘭文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lingua_vietnamita" title="Lingua vietnamita – 加利西亞文" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Lingua vietnamita" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="加利西亞文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hak mw-list-item"><a href="https://hak.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ye%CC%8Dt-n%C3%A0m-ng%C3%AE" title="Ye̍t-nàm-ngî – 客家話" lang="hak" hreflang="hak" data-title="Ye̍t-nàm-ngî" data-language-autonym="客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî" data-language-local-name="客家話" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%95%D7%99%D7%99%D7%98%D7%A0%D7%90%D7%9E%D7%99%D7%AA" title="וייטנאמית – 希伯來文" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="וייטנאמית" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="希伯來文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%80_%E0%A4%AD%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B7%E0%A4%BE" title="वियतनामी भाषा – 印地文" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="वियतनामी भाषा" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="印地文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hif mw-list-item"><a href="https://hif.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vietnamese_bhasa" title="Vietnamese bhasa – 斐濟印地文" lang="hif" hreflang="hif" data-title="Vietnamese bhasa" data-language-autonym="Fiji Hindi" data-language-local-name="斐濟印地文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Fiji Hindi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vijetnamski_jezik" title="Vijetnamski jezik – 克羅埃西亞文" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Vijetnamski jezik" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="克羅埃西亞文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hsb mw-list-item"><a href="https://hsb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vietnam%C5%A1%C4%87ina" title="Vietnamšćina – 上索布文" lang="hsb" hreflang="hsb" data-title="Vietnamšćina" data-language-autonym="Hornjoserbsce" data-language-local-name="上索布文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hornjoserbsce</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vietn%C3%A1mi_nyelv" title="Vietnámi nyelv – 匈牙利文" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Vietnámi nyelv" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="匈牙利文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%8E%D5%AB%D5%A5%D5%BF%D5%B6%D5%A1%D5%B4%D5%A5%D6%80%D5%A5%D5%B6" title="Վիետնամերեն – 亞美尼亞文" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Վիետնամերեն" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="亞美尼亞文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-iba mw-list-item"><a href="https://iba.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jaku_Vietnam" title="Jaku Vietnam – 伊班文" lang="iba" hreflang="iba" data-title="Jaku Vietnam" data-language-autonym="Jaku Iban" data-language-local-name="伊班文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jaku Iban</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bahasa_Vietnam" title="Bahasa Vietnam – 印尼文" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Bahasa Vietnam" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="印尼文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ilo mw-list-item"><a href="https://ilo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pagsasao_a_Bietnamis" title="Pagsasao a Bietnamis – 伊洛闊文" lang="ilo" hreflang="ilo" data-title="Pagsasao a Bietnamis" data-language-autonym="Ilokano" data-language-local-name="伊洛闊文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ilokano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vietnamana_linguo" title="Vietnamana linguo – 伊多文" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Vietnamana linguo" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="伊多文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/V%C3%ADetnamska" title="Víetnamska – 冰島文" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Víetnamska" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="冰島文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lingua_vietnamita" title="Lingua vietnamita – 義大利文" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Lingua vietnamita" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="義大利文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%99%E3%83%88%E3%83%8A%E3%83%A0%E8%AA%9E" title="ベトナム語 – 日文" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ベトナム語" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="日文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Basa_Vi%C3%A8tnam" title="Basa Viètnam – 爪哇文" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Basa Viètnam" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="爪哇文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%95%E1%83%98%E1%83%94%E1%83%A2%E1%83%9C%E1%83%90%E1%83%9B%E1%83%A3%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98_%E1%83%94%E1%83%9C%E1%83%90" title="ვიეტნამური ენა – 喬治亞文" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ვიეტნამური ენა" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="喬治亞文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kbp mw-list-item"><a href="https://kbp.wikipedia.org/wiki/F%C9%A9y%C9%9Bt%C9%A9nam%C9%A9y%C9%9B_k%CA%8An%CA%8A%C5%8B" title="Fɩyɛtɩnamɩyɛ kʊnʊŋ – Kabiye" lang="kbp" hreflang="kbp" data-title="Fɩyɛtɩnamɩyɛ kʊnʊŋ" data-language-autonym="Kabɩyɛ" data-language-local-name="Kabiye" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kabɩyɛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kge mw-list-item"><a href="https://kge.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bahasa_Vietnam" title="Bahasa Vietnam – Komering" lang="kge" hreflang="kge" data-title="Bahasa Vietnam" data-language-autonym="Kumoring" data-language-local-name="Komering" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kumoring</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D1%8C%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BC_%D1%82%D1%96%D0%BB%D1%96" title="Вьетнам тілі – 哈薩克文" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Вьетнам тілі" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="哈薩克文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-km mw-list-item"><a href="https://km.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%9E%97%E1%9E%B6%E1%9E%9F%E1%9E%B6%E1%9E%9C%E1%9F%80%E1%9E%8F%E1%9E%8E%E1%9E%B6%E1%9E%98" title="ភាសាវៀតណាម – 高棉文" lang="km" hreflang="km" data-title="ភាសាវៀតណាម" data-language-autonym="ភាសាខ្មែរ" data-language-local-name="高棉文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ភាសាខ្មែរ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%B5%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%AF%E0%B3%86%E0%B2%9F%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%A8%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%AE%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%A8_%E0%B2%AD%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%B7%E0%B3%86" title="ವಿಯೆಟ್ನಾಮಿನ ಭಾಷೆ – 坎那達文" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ವಿಯೆಟ್ನಾಮಿನ ಭಾಷೆ" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="坎那達文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%B2%A0%ED%8A%B8%EB%82%A8%EC%96%B4" title="베트남어 – 韓文" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="베트남어" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="韓文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ziman%C3%AA_viyetnam%C3%AE" title="Zimanê viyetnamî – 庫德文" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Zimanê viyetnamî" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="庫德文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kv mw-list-item"><a href="https://kv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D1%8A%D0%B5%D1%82_%D0%BA%D1%8B%D0%B2" title="Въет кыв – 科米文" lang="kv" hreflang="kv" data-title="Въет кыв" data-language-autonym="Коми" data-language-local-name="科米文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Коми</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D1%8C%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BC_%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B8" title="Вьетнам тили – 吉爾吉斯文" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Вьетнам тили" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="吉爾吉斯文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lingua_Vietnamensis" title="Lingua Vietnamensis – 拉丁文" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Lingua Vietnamensis" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="拉丁文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lad mw-list-item"><a href="https://lad.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lingua_vietnameza" title="Lingua vietnameza – 拉迪諾文" lang="lad" hreflang="lad" data-title="Lingua vietnameza" data-language-autonym="Ladino" data-language-local-name="拉迪諾文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ladino</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lfn mw-list-item"><a href="https://lfn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Viet_(lingua)" title="Viet (lingua) – 新共同語言" lang="lfn" hreflang="lfn" data-title="Viet (lingua)" data-language-autonym="Lingua Franca Nova" data-language-local-name="新共同語言" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingua Franca Nova</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vietnamees" title="Vietnamees – 林堡文" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Vietnamees" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="林堡文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BA%9E%E0%BA%B2%E0%BA%AA%E0%BA%B2%E0%BA%AB%E0%BA%A7%E0%BA%BD%E0%BA%94%E0%BA%99%E0%BA%B2%E0%BA%A1" title="ພາສາຫວຽດນາມ – 寮文" lang="lo" hreflang="lo" data-title="ພາສາຫວຽດນາມ" data-language-autonym="ລາວ" data-language-local-name="寮文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ລາວ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vietnamie%C4%8Di%C5%B3_kalba" title="Vietnamiečių kalba – 立陶宛文" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Vietnamiečių kalba" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="立陶宛文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vjetnamie%C5%A1u_valoda" title="Vjetnamiešu valoda – 拉脫維亞文" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Vjetnamiešu valoda" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="拉脫維亞文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fiteny_vietnamiana" title="Fiteny vietnamiana – 馬達加斯加文" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Fiteny vietnamiana" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="馬達加斯加文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mi mw-list-item"><a href="https://mi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reo_Whitin%C4%81mu" title="Reo Whitināmu – 毛利文" lang="mi" hreflang="mi" data-title="Reo Whitināmu" data-language-autonym="Māori" data-language-local-name="毛利文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Māori</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BC%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D1%98%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BA" title="Виетнамски јазик – 馬其頓文" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Виетнамски јазик" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="馬其頓文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%B5%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%AF%E0%B4%B1%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B1%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A8%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%AE%E0%B5%80%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%8D_%E0%B4%AD%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%B7" title="വിയറ്റ്നാമീസ് ഭാഷ – 馬來亞拉姆文" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="വിയറ്റ്നാമീസ് ഭാഷ" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="馬來亞拉姆文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D1%8C%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BC_%D1%85%D1%8D%D0%BB" title="Вьетнам хэл – 蒙古文" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Вьетнам хэл" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="蒙古文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mni mw-list-item"><a href="https://mni.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EA%AF%9A%EA%AF%A4%EA%AF%8C%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%A0%EA%AF%85%EA%AF%A5%EA%AF%83%EA%AF%A4%EA%AF%81_%EA%AF%82%EA%AF%A3%EA%AF%9F" title="ꯚꯤꯌꯦꯠꯅꯥꯃꯤꯁ ꯂꯣꯟ – 曼尼普爾文" lang="mni" hreflang="mni" data-title="ꯚꯤꯌꯦꯠꯅꯥꯃꯤꯁ ꯂꯣꯟ" data-language-autonym="ꯃꯤꯇꯩ ꯂꯣꯟ" data-language-local-name="曼尼普爾文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ꯃꯤꯇꯩ ꯂꯣꯟ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B5%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%80_%E0%A4%AD%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B7%E0%A4%BE" title="व्हियेतनामी भाषा – 馬拉地文" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="व्हियेतनामी भाषा" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="馬拉地文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bahasa_Vietnam" title="Bahasa Vietnam – 馬來文" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Bahasa Vietnam" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="馬來文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%97%E1%80%AE%E1%80%9A%E1%80%80%E1%80%BA%E1%80%94%E1%80%99%E1%80%BA%E1%80%98%E1%80%AC%E1%80%9E%E1%80%AC%E1%80%85%E1%80%80%E1%80%AC%E1%80%B8" title="ဗီယက်နမ်ဘာသာစကား – 緬甸文" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="ဗီယက်နမ်ဘာသာစကား" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="緬甸文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%88%DB%8C%D8%AA%D9%86%D8%A7%D9%85%DB%8C" title="ویتنامی – 馬贊德蘭文" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="ویتنامی" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="馬贊德蘭文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مازِرونی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AD%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%80_%E0%A4%AD%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B7%E0%A4%BE" title="भियतनामी भाषा – 尼泊爾文" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="भियतनामी भाषा" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="尼泊爾文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-new mw-list-item"><a href="https://new.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AD%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%80_%E0%A4%AD%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B7%E0%A4%BE" title="भियतनामी भाषा – 尼瓦爾文" lang="new" hreflang="new" data-title="भियतनामी भाषा" data-language-autonym="नेपाल भाषा" data-language-local-name="尼瓦爾文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाल भाषा</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vietnamees" title="Vietnamees – 荷蘭文" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Vietnamees" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="荷蘭文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vietnamesisk" title="Vietnamesisk – 耐諾斯克挪威文" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Vietnamesisk" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="耐諾斯克挪威文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="正典"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vietnamesisk" title="Vietnamesisk – 巴克摩挪威文" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Vietnamesisk" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="巴克摩挪威文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vietnamian" title="Vietnamian – 奧克西坦文" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Vietnamian" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="奧克西坦文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-os mw-list-item"><a href="https://os.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D1%8C%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%B3_%C3%A6%D0%B2%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%B3" title="Вьетнамаг æвзаг – 奧塞提文" lang="os" hreflang="os" data-title="Вьетнамаг æвзаг" data-language-autonym="Ирон" data-language-local-name="奧塞提文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ирон</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%B5%E0%A9%80%E0%A8%85%E0%A8%A4%E0%A8%A8%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%AE%E0%A9%80_%E0%A8%AD%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%BC%E0%A8%BE" title="ਵੀਅਤਨਾਮੀ ਭਾਸ਼ਾ – 旁遮普文" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਵੀਅਤਨਾਮੀ ਭਾਸ਼ਾ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="旁遮普文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/J%C4%99zyk_wietnamski" title="Język wietnamski – 波蘭文" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Język wietnamski" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="波蘭文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pms mw-list-item"><a href="https://pms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lenga_vietnam%C3%A8isa" title="Lenga vietnamèisa – 皮埃蒙特文" lang="pms" hreflang="pms" data-title="Lenga vietnamèisa" data-language-autonym="Piemontèis" data-language-local-name="皮埃蒙特文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Piemontèis</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%88%DB%8C%D8%AA%D9%86%D8%A7%D9%85%DB%8C_%D8%A8%D9%88%D9%84%DB%8C" title="ویتنامی بولی – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="ویتنامی بولی" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%88%D9%8A%D8%AA%D9%86%D8%A7%D9%85%D9%8A_%DA%98%D8%A8%D9%87" title="ويتنامي ژبه – 普什圖文" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="ويتنامي ژبه" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="普什圖文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%C3%ADngua_vietnamita" title="Língua vietnamita – 葡萄牙文" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Língua vietnamita" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="葡萄牙文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Witnam_simi" title="Witnam simi – 蓋楚瓦文" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Witnam simi" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="蓋楚瓦文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Limba_vietnamez%C4%83" title="Limba vietnameză – 羅馬尼亞文" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Limba vietnameză" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="羅馬尼亞文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D1%8C%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BC%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D1%8F%D0%B7%D1%8B%D0%BA" title="Вьетнамский язык – 俄文" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Вьетнамский язык" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="俄文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sa mw-list-item"><a href="https://sa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%AD%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B7%E0%A4%BE" title="वियतनामीभाषा – 梵文" lang="sa" hreflang="sa" data-title="वियतनामीभाषा" data-language-autonym="संस्कृतम्" data-language-local-name="梵文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>संस्कृतम्</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D1%8C%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BC_%D1%82%D1%8B%D0%BB%D0%B0" title="Вьетнам тыла – 雅庫特文" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="Вьетнам тыла" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="雅庫特文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Саха тыла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sat mw-list-item"><a href="https://sat.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%B1%B5%E1%B1%B7%E1%B1%A4%E1%B1%AD%E1%B1%AE%E1%B1%9B%E1%B1%B1%E1%B1%9F%E1%B1%A2%E1%B1%A4_%E1%B1%AF%E1%B1%9F%E1%B1%B9%E1%B1%A8%E1%B1%A5%E1%B1%A4" title="ᱵᱷᱤᱭᱮᱛᱱᱟᱢᱤ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ – 桑塔利文" lang="sat" hreflang="sat" data-title="ᱵᱷᱤᱭᱮᱛᱱᱟᱢᱤ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ" data-language-autonym="ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ" data-language-local-name="桑塔利文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vietnamese_leid" title="Vietnamese leid – 蘇格蘭文" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Vietnamese leid" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="蘇格蘭文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%88%D9%8A%D8%AA%D9%86%D8%A7%D9%85%D9%8A_%D9%BB%D9%88%D9%84%D9%8A" title="ويتنامي ٻولي – 信德文" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="ويتنامي ٻولي" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="信德文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سنڌي</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vijetnamski_jezik" title="Vijetnamski jezik – 塞爾維亞克羅埃西亞文" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Vijetnamski jezik" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="塞爾維亞克羅埃西亞文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vietnamese_language" title="Vietnamese language – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Vietnamese language" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vietnam%C4%8Dina" title="Vietnamčina – 斯洛伐克文" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Vietnamčina" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="斯洛伐克文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vietnam%C5%A1%C4%8Dina" title="Vietnamščina – 斯洛維尼亞文" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Vietnamščina" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="斯洛維尼亞文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sm mw-list-item"><a href="https://sm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fa%CA%BBa_Viatename" title="Faʻa Viatename – 薩摩亞文" lang="sm" hreflang="sm" data-title="Faʻa Viatename" data-language-autonym="Gagana Samoa" data-language-local-name="薩摩亞文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gagana Samoa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sn mw-list-item"><a href="https://sn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chivhiyetinamu" title="Chivhiyetinamu – 紹納文" lang="sn" hreflang="sn" data-title="Chivhiyetinamu" data-language-autonym="ChiShona" data-language-local-name="紹納文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ChiShona</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gjuha_vietnameze" title="Gjuha vietnameze – 阿爾巴尼亞文" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Gjuha vietnameze" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="阿爾巴尼亞文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BC%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D1%98%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BA" title="Вијетнамски језик – 塞爾維亞文" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Вијетнамски језик" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="塞爾維亞文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/Basa_Vi%C3%A9tnam" title="Basa Viétnam – 巽他文" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Basa Viétnam" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="巽他文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vietnamesiska" title="Vietnamesiska – 瑞典文" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Vietnamesiska" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="瑞典文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kivietnam" title="Kivietnam – 史瓦希里文" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Kivietnam" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="史瓦希里文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-szl mw-list-item"><a href="https://szl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wjetnamsk%C5%8F_g%C5%8Fdka" title="Wjetnamskŏ gŏdka – 西利西亞文" lang="szl" hreflang="szl" data-title="Wjetnamskŏ gŏdka" data-language-autonym="Ślůnski" data-language-local-name="西利西亞文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ślůnski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%B5%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%AF%E0%AE%9F%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%A8%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%AE%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%AF_%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%8A%E0%AE%B4%E0%AE%BF" title="வியட்நாமிய மொழி – 坦米爾文" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="வியட்நாமிய மொழி" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="坦米爾文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%B5%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%A4%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%A8%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%AE%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%B8%E0%B1%8D_%E0%B0%AD%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%B7" title="వియత్నామీస్ భాష – 泰盧固文" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="వియత్నామీస్ భాష" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="泰盧固文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%97%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8_%D0%B2%D0%B9%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BC%D3%A3" title="Забони вйетнамӣ – 塔吉克文" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Забони вйетнамӣ" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="塔吉克文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%A0%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%B2%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A1" title="ภาษาเวียดนาม – 泰文" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ภาษาเวียดนาม" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="泰文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikang_Biyetnamita" title="Wikang Biyetnamita – 塔加路族文" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Wikang Biyetnamita" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="塔加路族文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tly mw-list-item"><a href="https://tly.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vjetnami_zyvon" title="Vjetnami zyvon – 塔里什文" lang="tly" hreflang="tly" data-title="Vjetnami zyvon" data-language-autonym="Tolışi" data-language-local-name="塔里什文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tolışi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tpi mw-list-item"><a href="https://tpi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tok_Vietnam" title="Tok Vietnam – 托比辛文" lang="tpi" hreflang="tpi" data-title="Tok Vietnam" data-language-autonym="Tok Pisin" data-language-local-name="托比辛文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tok Pisin</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vietnamca" title="Vietnamca – 土耳其文" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Vietnamca" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="土耳其文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="正典"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D1%8C%D0%B5%D1%82_%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5" title="Вьет теле – 韃靼文" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Вьет теле" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="韃靼文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ug mw-list-item"><a href="https://ug.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DB%8B%D9%8A%DB%90%D8%AA%D9%86%D8%A7%D9%85_%D8%AA%D9%89%D9%84%D9%89" title="ۋيېتنام تىلى – 維吾爾文" lang="ug" hreflang="ug" data-title="ۋيېتنام تىلى" data-language-autonym="ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche" data-language-local-name="維吾爾文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%27%D1%94%D1%82%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BC%D1%81%D1%8C%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0" title="В'єтнамська мова – 烏克蘭文" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="В'єтнамська мова" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="烏克蘭文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%88%DB%8C%D8%AA%D9%86%D8%A7%D9%85%DB%8C_%D8%B2%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%86" title="ویتنامی زبان – 烏都文" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="ویتنامی زبان" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="烏都文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vyetnam_tili" title="Vyetnam tili – 烏茲別克文" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Vyetnam tili" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="烏茲別克文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ti%E1%BA%BFng_Vi%E1%BB%87t" title="Tiếng Việt – 越南文" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Tiếng Việt" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="越南文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vo mw-list-item"><a href="https://vo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vietnam%C3%A4nap%C3%BCk" title="Vietnamänapük – 沃拉普克文" lang="vo" hreflang="vo" data-title="Vietnamänapük" data-language-autonym="Volapük" data-language-local-name="沃拉普克文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Volapük</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biyetnamita" title="Biyetnamita – 瓦瑞文" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Biyetnamita" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="瓦瑞文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%B6%8A%E5%8D%97%E8%AA%9E" title="越南語 – 吳語" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="越南語" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="吳語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%95%E1%83%98%E1%83%94%E1%83%A2%E1%83%9C%E1%83%90%E1%83%9B%E1%83%A3%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98_%E1%83%9C%E1%83%98%E1%83%9C%E1%83%90" title="ვიეტნამური ნინა – 明格列爾文" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="ვიეტნამური ნინა" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="明格列爾文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%95%D7%95%D7%99%D7%A2%D7%98%D7%A0%D7%90%D7%9E%D7%A2%D7%96%D7%99%D7%A9" title="וויעטנאמעזיש – 意第緒文" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="וויעטנאמעזיש" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="意第緒文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yo mw-list-item"><a href="https://yo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%88d%C3%A8_Fi%E1%BA%B9tn%C3%A1m" title="Èdè Fiẹtnám – 約魯巴文" lang="yo" hreflang="yo" data-title="Èdè Fiẹtnám" data-language-autonym="Yorùbá" data-language-local-name="約魯巴文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Yorùbá</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-za mw-list-item"><a href="https://za.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vah_Yiednamz" title="Vah Yiednamz – 壯文" lang="za" hreflang="za" data-title="Vah Yiednamz" data-language-autonym="Vahcuengh" data-language-local-name="壯文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vahcuengh</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%B6%8A%E5%8D%97%E8%AF%AD" title="越南语 – 中文" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="越南语" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="中文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oa%CC%8Dt-l%C3%A2m-g%C3%BA" title="Oa̍t-lâm-gú – 閩南語" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Oa̍t-lâm-gú" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="閩南語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a 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href="/wiki/%E7%89%B9%E6%AE%8A:%E5%8F%96%E4%BD%90/%E8%B6%8A%E5%8D%97%E8%AA%9E" title="何美餚，佐此料[j]" accesskey="j"><span>取佐</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E7%89%B9%E6%AE%8A:%E6%8F%B4%E5%BC%95/%E8%B6%8A%E5%8D%97%E8%AA%9E" rel="nofollow" title="足義友，借鏡照[k]" accesskey="k"><span>援引</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:UploadWizard?uselang=lzh" title="貢彩件、獻樂謠[u]" accesskey="u"><span>進獻</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E7%89%B9%E6%AE%8A:%E7%89%B9%E6%9F%A5" title="展盡奇頁[q]" accesskey="q"><span>特查</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%B6%8A%E5%8D%97%E8%AA%9E&oldid=331311" title="鏈緊焊，橋吊牢"><span>恆通</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%B6%8A%E5%8D%97%E8%AA%9E&action=info" title="更多關於此頁面的資訊"><span>文訊</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" 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							cdx-fr-css-icon--close"></span></button></header><div class="cdx-dialog__body">此頁面為<a href="/wiki/%E8%AA%AA%E6%98%8E:%E6%A0%A1%E5%B0%8D" title="說明:校對">穩定版本</a>，<a class="external text" href="https://zh-classical.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%E7%89%B9%E6%AE%8A:%E8%AA%8C&type=review&page=%E8%B6%8A%E5%8D%97%E8%AA%9E">已檢查</a>於 <i>二〇一九年五月二〇日（週一）</i>。有 <a class="external text" href="https://zh-classical.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%E8%B6%8A%E5%8D%97%E8%AA%9E&oldid=331311&diff=cur">一筆待審核的變更</a>等侯審查。<p><table id="mw-fr-revisionratings-box" class="flaggedrevs-color-1" style="margin: auto;" cellpadding="0"><tr><td class="fr-text" style="vertical-align: middle;">質素</td><td class="fr-value40" style="vertical-align: middle;">尚可</td></tr></table></p></div></div><div tabindex="0"></div></div></div></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="lzh" dir="ltr"><p><b>越南語</b>者<small style="color:#996666"><span class="inline-note-brackets">（</span>越南文<a href="/wiki/%E6%8B%89%E4%B8%81%E5%AD%97" class="mw-redirect" title="拉丁字">國語字</a>︰tiếng Việt，<a href="/wiki/%E5%96%83%E5%AD%97" title="喃字">喃字</a>：㗂越<span class="inline-note-brackets">）</span></small>，越南之通語，中國京族亦以為族語也。嘗以漢字及喃字書之，今則改書拉丁字。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="史"><span id=".E5.8F.B2"></span>史</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%B6%8A%E5%8D%97%E8%AA%9E&action=edit&section=1" title="所纂章名：史"><span>纂</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>向者<a href="/wiki/%E8%B6%8A%E5%8D%97" title="越南">越南</a>為<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%9C%8B" title="中國">中國</a>郡县，無文字。自<a href="/wiki/%E6%9D%B1%E6%BC%A2" class="mw-redirect" title="東漢">東漢</a>始，書皆<a href="/wiki/%E6%BC%A2%E5%AD%97" title="漢字">漢字</a>。比至<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%99%B3%E6%9C%9D&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="陳朝（查無此頁）">陳朝</a>，<a href="/wiki/%E6%BC%A2%E6%96%87" class="mw-redirect" title="漢文">漢文</a>通用<a href="/wiki/%E8%B6%8A%E5%8D%97" title="越南">越南</a>，書冊史撰，莫不文言。其最著者，推《<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%A4%A7%E8%B6%8A%E5%8F%B2%E8%A8%98%E5%85%A8%E6%9B%B8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="大越史記全書（查無此頁）">大越史記全書</a>》也。而爾時文章，不與口語同，當以漢著檢之。文言既異，則其語難表。漢文雖傳，然習用繁難。有識者出，仿漢字六書制，作成<a href="/wiki/%E5%96%83%E5%AD%97" title="喃字">喃字</a>。文人<a href="/wiki/%E9%98%AE%E6%94%B8" title="阮攸">阮攸</a>，撰《<a href="/wiki/%E6%96%B7%E8%85%B8%E6%96%B0%E8%81%B2" class="mw-redirect" title="斷腸新聲">斷腸新聲</a>》，書以喃字，是以膾炙人口。其王尊北，士人目之為下乘，終不得入公堂。<a href="/wiki/%E5%BA%B7%E7%86%99" title="康熙">康熙</a>中，有<a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%95%E8%98%AD%E8%A5%BF" class="mw-redirect" title="法蘭西">法蘭西</a>教士曰<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BA%9E%E6%AD%B7%E5%B1%B1%E5%A4%A7%E7%BE%85%E5%BE%B7&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="亞歷山大羅德（查無此頁）">亞歷山大羅德</a>者，援引<a href="/wiki/%E6%8B%89%E4%B8%81%E5%AD%97%E6%AF%8D" title="拉丁字母">拉丁字母</a>，始作新書，乃得傳用及今。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="書式"><span id=".E6.9B.B8.E5.BC.8F"></span>書式</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%B6%8A%E5%8D%97%E8%AA%9E&action=edit&section=2" title="所纂章名：書式"><span>纂</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/%E6%AA%94%E6%A1%88:%C4%90%E1%BB%91i_-_T%E1%BA%BFt_2009.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/%C4%90%E1%BB%91i_-_T%E1%BA%BFt_2009.jpg/220px-%C4%90%E1%BB%91i_-_T%E1%BA%BFt_2009.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="293" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/%C4%90%E1%BB%91i_-_T%E1%BA%BFt_2009.jpg/330px-%C4%90%E1%BB%91i_-_T%E1%BA%BFt_2009.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/%C4%90%E1%BB%91i_-_T%E1%BA%BFt_2009.jpg/440px-%C4%90%E1%BB%91i_-_T%E1%BA%BFt_2009.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1152" data-file-height="1536" /></a><figcaption>國語字書法，承拉丁字之習。上聯（於左）：新年幸福平安進；下聯（於右）：春日榮華富貴來。</figcaption></figure> <p>越南自古至今，書式三易，曰漢文，曰喃字，曰國語字。 </p><p>漢文者，古官吏貴族士林所用，以書公文典籍也。漢文純用漢字，可與中日韓通。而鄉野之人不識，亦與口語大異。 </p><p>喃字之作，與漢文混用，以書口語之難表記者。斯時文言一也，遂大作迭出。喃字難脫漢文之型，傳記不易，復為士人所輕，卒不能傳。 </p><p>近代<a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%95%E8%98%AD%E8%A5%BF" class="mw-redirect" title="法蘭西">法蘭西</a>寇入，禁書漢文而廢科舉，漢喃並衰。有教士作拉丁文字，稱「國語字」，表記便利，沿用至今。 </p></div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1&useformat=desktop" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; 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