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rel="canonical" href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Loess"> <link rel="license" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.ca"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/atom+xml" title="Canal de sindicació Atom Viquipèdia" href="/w/index.php?title=Especial:Canvis_recents&feed=atom"> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//meta.wikimedia.org" /> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//login.wikimedia.org"> </head> <body class="skin--responsive skin-vector skin-vector-search-vue mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject mw-editable page-Loess rootpage-Loess skin-vector-2022 action-view"><a class="mw-jump-link" href="#bodyContent">Vés al contingut</a> <div class="vector-header-container"> <header class="vector-header mw-header"> <div class="vector-header-start"> <nav class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Lloc"> <div id="vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-main-menu-dropdown vector-button-flush-left vector-button-flush-right" > <input 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data-pinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Menú principal</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.pin">mou a la barra lateral</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.unpin">amaga</button> </div> <div id="p-navigation" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-navigation" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Navegació </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-mainpage-description" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Portada" title="Visiteu la pàgina principal [z]" accesskey="z"><span>Portada</span></a></li><li id="n-randompage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Especial:Article_aleatori" title="Carrega una pàgina a l’atzar [x]" accesskey="x"><span>Article a l'atzar</span></a></li><li id="n-Articles-de-qualitat" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Viquip%C3%A8dia:Articles_de_qualitat"><span>Articles de qualitat</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-Comunitat" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-Comunitat" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Comunitat </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-portal" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Viquip%C3%A8dia:Portal" title="Sobre el projecte, què podeu fer, on trobareu les coses"><span>Portal viquipedista</span></a></li><li id="n-Agenda-d'actes" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Viquip%C3%A8dia:Trobades"><span>Agenda d'actes</span></a></li><li id="n-recentchanges" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Especial:Canvis_recents" title="Una llista dels canvis recents al wiki [r]" accesskey="r"><span>Canvis recents</span></a></li><li id="n-La-taverna" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Viquip%C3%A8dia:La_taverna"><span>La taverna</span></a></li><li id="n-contactpage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Viquip%C3%A8dia:Contacte"><span>Contacte</span></a></li><li id="n-Xat" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Viquip%C3%A8dia:Canals_IRC"><span>Xat</span></a></li><li id="n-help" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Viquip%C3%A8dia:Ajuda" title="El lloc per a saber més coses"><span>Ajuda</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <a href="/wiki/Portada" class="mw-logo"> <img class="mw-logo-icon" src="/static/images/icons/wikipedia.png" alt="" aria-hidden="true" height="50" width="50"> <span class="mw-logo-container skin-invert"> <img class="mw-logo-wordmark" alt="Viquipèdia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-ca.svg" style="width: 7.5em; height: 1.4375em;"> <img class="mw-logo-tagline" alt="l'Enciclopèdia Lliure" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-tagline-ca.svg" width="120" height="14" style="width: 7.5em; height: 0.875em;"> </span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-header-end"> <div id="p-search" role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-collapses vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box-auto-expand-width vector-search-box"> <a href="/wiki/Especial:Cerca" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only search-toggle" title="Cerca a la Viquipèdia [f]" accesskey="f"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-search mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-search"></span> <span>Cerca</span> </a> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail cdx-typeahead-search--auto-expand-width"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="searchform" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div id="simpleSearch" class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="Cerca a Viquipèdia" aria-label="Cerca a Viquipèdia" autocapitalize="sentences" title="Cerca a la Viquipèdia [f]" accesskey="f" id="searchInput" > <span class="cdx-text-input__icon cdx-text-input__start-icon"></span> </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Especial:Cerca"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">Cerca</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-user-links vector-user-links-wide" aria-label="Eines personals"> <div class="vector-user-links-main"> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-preferences" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Aparença"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="Change the appearance of the page's font size, width, and color" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Aparença" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Aparença</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_ca.wikipedia.org&uselang=ca" class=""><span>Donatius</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Especial:Crea_compte&returnto=Loess" title="Us animem a crear un compte i iniciar una sessió, encara que no és obligatori" class=""><span>Crea un compte</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Especial:Registre_i_entrada&returnto=Loess" title="Us animem a registrar-vos, però no és obligatori [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Inicia la sessió</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Més opcions" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Eines personals" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Eines personals</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="Menú d'usuari" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_ca.wikipedia.org&uselang=ca"><span>Donatius</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Especial:Crea_compte&returnto=Loess" title="Us animem a crear un compte i iniciar una sessió, encara que no és obligatori"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Crea un compte</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Especial:Registre_i_entrada&returnto=Loess" title="Us animem a registrar-vos, però no és obligatori [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Inicia la sessió</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Pàgines per a editors no registrats <a href="/wiki/Ajuda:Introducci%C3%B3" aria-label="Vegeu més informació sobre l'edició"><span>més informació</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Especial:Contribucions_pr%C3%B2pies" title="Una llista de les modificacions fetes des d'aquesta adreça IP [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Contribucions</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Especial:Discussi%C3%B3_personal" title="Discussió sobre les edicions per aquesta adreça ip. [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Discussió per aquest IP</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Lloc"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Contingut" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Contingut</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">mou a la barra lateral</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">amaga</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Inici</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Propietats" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Propietats"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Propietats</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Propietats-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Referències" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Referències"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Referències</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Referències-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contingut" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Commuta la taula de continguts." > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Commuta la taula de continguts.</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Loess</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Vés a un article en una altra llengua. Disponible en 55 llengües" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-55" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">55 llengües</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Loess" title="Loess - aragonès" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Loess" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="aragonès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%A8_%D8%B7%D9%81%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%8A" title="راسب طفالي - àrab" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="راسب طفالي" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="àrab" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D1%91%D1%81_(%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%BF%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B0)" title="Лёс (горная парода) - belarús" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Лёс (горная парода)" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="belarús" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D1%91%D1%8D%D1%81" title="Лёэс - Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Лёэс" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D1%8C%D0%BE%D1%81" title="Льос - búlgar" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Льос" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="búlgar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spra%C5%A1" title="Spraš - txec" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Spraš" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="txec" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%C3%B8ss" title="Løss - danès" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Løss" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="danès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%C3%B6ss" title="Löss - alemany" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Löss" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="alemany" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Loess" title="Loess - anglès" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Loess" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="anglès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Le%C5%ADso" title="Leŭso - esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Leŭso" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Loess" title="Loess - espanyol" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Loess" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="espanyol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%C3%B6ss" title="Löss - estonià" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Löss" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="estonià" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Loess" title="Loess - basc" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Loess" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="basc" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%AF%D8%B1%D9%81%D8%AA" title="بادرفت - persa" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="بادرفت" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="persa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%C3%B6ssi" title="Lössi - finès" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Lössi" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="finès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%C5%93ss" title="Lœss - francès" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Lœss" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="francès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%C3%B6s" title="Lös - frisó septentrional" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Lös" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="frisó septentrional" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%9C%D7%A1" title="לס - hebreu" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="לס" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="hebreu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%B8" title="लोयस - hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="लोयस" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Les" title="Les - croat" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Les" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="croat" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%C3%B6sz" title="Lösz - hongarès" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Lösz" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="hongarès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%BC%D5%B5%D5%B8%D5%BD" title="Լյոս - armeni" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Լյոս" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="armeni" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Loess" title="Loess - indonesi" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Loess" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indonesi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%C3%B6ss" title="Löss - islandès" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Löss" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="islandès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%C3%B6ss" title="Löss - italià" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Löss" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="italià" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%BB%84%E5%9C%9F" title="黄土 - japonès" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="黄土" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japonès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A1%E1%83%98" title="ლიოსი - georgià" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ლიოსი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="georgià" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%81" title="Лесс - kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Лесс" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%ED%99%A9%ED%86%A0" title="황토 - coreà" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="황토" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="coreà" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kw mw-list-item"><a href="https://kw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gweres" title="Gweres - còrnic" lang="kw" hreflang="kw" data-title="Gweres" data-language-autonym="Kernowek" data-language-local-name="còrnic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kernowek</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D1%91%D1%81%D1%81" title="Лёсс - kirguís" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Лёсс" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="kirguís" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Loess" title="Loess - llatí" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Loess" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="llatí" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%C3%B6ss" title="Löss - limburguès" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Löss" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="limburguès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liosas" title="Liosas - lituà" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Liosas" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="lituà" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%B2%E0%B5%8B%E0%B4%AF%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%8D" title="ലോയസ്സ് - malaiàlam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="ലോയസ്സ്" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="malaiàlam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds-nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%C3%B6ss" title="Löss - baix saxó" lang="nds-NL" hreflang="nds-NL" data-title="Löss" data-language-autonym="Nedersaksies" data-language-local-name="baix saxó" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nedersaksies</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%C3%B6ss" title="Löss - neerlandès" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Löss" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="neerlandès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%C3%B8ss" title="Løss - noruec nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Løss" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="noruec nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%C3%B8ss" title="Løss - noruec bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Løss" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="noruec bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%C5%93ss" title="Lœss - occità" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Lœss" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="occità" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pfl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pfl.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%C3%B6%C3%9F" title="Löß - alemany palatí" lang="pfl" hreflang="pfl" data-title="Löß" data-language-autonym="Pälzisch" data-language-local-name="alemany palatí" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Pälzisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Less" title="Less - polonès" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Less" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="polonès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Loesse" title="Loesse - portuguès" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Loesse" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portuguès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Loess" title="Loess - romanès" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Loess" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="romanès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D1%91%D1%81%D1%81" title="Лёсс - rus" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Лёсс" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="rus" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rue mw-list-item"><a href="https://rue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%B5%D1%81" title="Лес - Rusyn" lang="rue" hreflang="rue" data-title="Лес" data-language-autonym="Русиньскый" data-language-local-name="Rusyn" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русиньскый</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spra%C5%A1" title="Spraš - eslovac" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Spraš" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="eslovac" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Puhlica" title="Puhlica - eslovè" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Puhlica" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="eslovè" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%B5%D1%81" title="Лес - serbi" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Лес" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="serbi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%C3%B6ssjord" title="Lössjord - suec" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Lössjord" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="suec" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%B2%E0%AF%8B%E0%AE%AF%E0%AE%B8%E0%AF%8D" title="லோயஸ் - tàmil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="லோயஸ்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="tàmil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%C3%B6sler" title="Lösler - turc" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Lösler" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="turc" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%B5%D1%81" title="Лес - ucraïnès" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Лес" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ucraïnès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lyoss" title="Lyoss - uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Lyoss" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%BB%83%E5%9C%9F" title="黃土 - xinès" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="黃土" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="xinès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q22723#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Modifica enllaços interlingües" class="wbc-editpage">Modifica els enllaços</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Espais de noms"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected 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vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Loess"><span>Mostra</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Loess&action=edit" title="Modifica el codi font d'aquesta pàgina [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Modifica</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Loess&action=history"><span>Mostra l'historial</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> General </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Especial:Enlla%C3%A7os/Loess" title="Una llista de totes les pàgines wiki que enllacen amb aquesta [j]" accesskey="j"><span>Què hi enllaça</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Especial:Seguiment/Loess" rel="nofollow" title="Canvis recents a pàgines enllaçades des d'aquesta pàgina [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Canvis relacionats</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Especial:P%C3%A0gines_especials" title="Llista totes les pàgines especials [q]" accesskey="q"><span>Pàgines especials</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Loess&oldid=32037331" title="Enllaç permanent a aquesta revisió de la pàgina"><span>Enllaç permanent</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Loess&action=info" title="Més informació sobre aquesta pàgina"><span>Informació de la pàgina</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Especial:Citau&page=Loess&id=32037331&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Informació sobre com citar aquesta pàgina"><span>Citau aquest article</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Especial:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Fca.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FLoess"><span>Obtén una URL abreujada</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Especial:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fca.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FLoess"><span>Descarrega el codi QR</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Imprimeix/exporta </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-create_a_book" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Especial:Llibre&bookcmd=book_creator&referer=Loess"><span>Crea un llibre</span></a></li><li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Especial:DownloadAsPdf&page=Loess&action=show-download-screen"><span>Baixa com a PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Loess&printable=yes" title="Versió per a impressió d'aquesta pàgina [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Versió per a impressora</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> En altres projectes </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Loess" hreflang="en"><span>Commons</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q22723" title="Enllaç a l'element del repositori de dades connectat [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Element a Wikidata</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Eines de la pàgina"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Aparença"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Aparença</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">mou a la barra lateral</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">amaga</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">De la Viquipèdia, l'enciclopèdia lliure</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="ca" dir="ltr"><table class="infobox" style="font-size:90%;width:25em"><caption style="font-weight:bold;background-color:#b0d1ad;"><span style="float:left;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fitxer:Noun_project_528.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Infotaula de roca"><img alt="Infotaula de roca" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Noun_project_528.svg/20px-Noun_project_528.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Noun_project_528.svg/30px-Noun_project_528.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Noun_project_528.svg/40px-Noun_project_528.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="93" data-file-height="100" /></a></span></span>Loess</caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data infobox-data" style="text-align:center"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fitxer:LoessVicksburg.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/LoessVicksburg.jpg/300px-LoessVicksburg.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="225" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/LoessVicksburg.jpg/450px-LoessVicksburg.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/LoessVicksburg.jpg/600px-LoessVicksburg.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4000" data-file-height="3000" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left;width:40%; padding:0.1em; background:#eeeeee;">Tipus</th><td class="infobox-data" style="width:60%;"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q10926413" class="extiw" title="d:Special:EntityPage/Q10926413">tipus de sòl</a> <span class="penicon"><span class="mw-valign-baseline" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q22723?uselang=ca#P31" title="Modifica el valor a Wikidata"><img alt="Modifica el valor a Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/10px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/15px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/20px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><i><b>Loess</b></i> (paraula d'origen alemany en la variant de <a href="/wiki/Su%C3%AFssa" title="Suïssa">Suïssa</a>) és un tipus de <a href="/wiki/S%C3%B2l" title="Sòl">sòl</a> <a href="/wiki/Llim" title="Llim">llimós</a>. Les partícules que formen el <i>loess</i> són de gra molt fi (diàmetre inferior a 0,05 mm),<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> anguloses i formades de <a href="/wiki/Quars" title="Quars">quars</a>, <a href="/wiki/Feldespat" title="Feldespat">feldespat</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hornblenda" title="Hornblenda">hornblenda</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mica" title="Mica">mica</a>, <a href="/wiki/Carbonat_de_calci" title="Carbonat de calci">carbonat de calci</a> i de vegades també <a href="/wiki/Argila" title="Argila">argila</a>. El deu per cent de la superfície terrestre de la Terra està coberta per loess o dipòsits similars.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>El loess és un <a href="/wiki/Erosi%C3%B3_e%C3%B2lica" class="mw-redirect" title="Erosió eòlica">sediment eòlic</a> (transmès pel vent) que acumula un vint per cent o menys d'argila i l'equilibri és principalment de parts iguals de sorra i llim típicament de 20 a 50 micròmetres per partícula<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> sovint cimentada de manera fluida pel <a href="/wiki/Carbonat_de_calci" title="Carbonat de calci">carbonat càlcic</a>. Normalment és homogeni i altament <a href="/wiki/Porositat" title="Porositat">porós</a> i està travessat per capil·lars verticals que permeten el sediment fracturar-se i formar esclats verticals.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Propietats">Propietats</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Loess&action=edit&section=1" title="Modifica la secció: Propietats"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fitxer:L%C3%B6ss_1.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/L%C3%B6ss_1.jpg/220px-L%C3%B6ss_1.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="185" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/L%C3%B6ss_1.jpg/330px-L%C3%B6ss_1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/L%C3%B6ss_1.jpg/440px-L%C3%B6ss_1.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4376" data-file-height="3680" /></a><figcaption>Loess de les terres baixes del <a href="/wiki/Rin" title="Rin">Rin</a> a prop de <a href="/wiki/Mannheim" title="Mannheim">Mannheim</a> amb concrecions calcàries</figcaption></figure> <p>El loess és <a href="/wiki/Homogene%C3%AFtat" title="Homogeneïtat">homogeni</a>, porós, <a href="/wiki/Friabilitat" title="Friabilitat">friable</a>, de color groc pàl·lid o <a href="/wiki/Camussa_(color)" title="Camussa (color)">càlid</a>, lleugerament coherent, típicament no <a href="/wiki/Estratificaci%C3%B3" class="mw-disambig" title="Estratificació">estratificat</a> i sovint <a href="/wiki/Pedra_calc%C3%A0ria" title="Pedra calcària">calcari</a>. Els grans de loess són <a href="/wiki/Angular" class="mw-redirect" title="Angular">angulars</a> amb poc polit o arrodoniment i es componen de cristalls de diferents minerals El loess es pot descriure com un sòl ric i semblant a la pols.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Els dipòsits de loess poden arribar a ser molt gruixuts, més de cent metres a les zones del <a href="/w/index.php?title=Xina_del_Nordoest&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Xina del Nordoest (encara no existeix)">nord-oest de la Xina</a> i desenes de metres a parts del mig oest dels Estats Units. Generalment es presenta com una <a href="/w/index.php?title=Coberta_(geologia)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Coberta (geologia) (encara no existeix)">coberta</a> que cobreix àrees de centenars de quilòmetres quadrats i desenes de metres de gruix. </p><p>El loess sol estar en cares inclinades o verticals.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Com que els grans són angulars, el loess sovint es manté als bancs durant molts anys sense <a href="/w/index.php?title=Assentament_(geologia)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Assentament (geologia) (encara no existeix)">assentaments</a>. Aquest sòl té una característica anomenada escissió vertical que el fa excavar fàcilment per formar habitatges rupestres, un mètode popular per fer habitatges humans en algunes <a href="/w/index.php?title=Yaodong&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Yaodong (encara no existeix)">parts de la Xina</a>. El loess s’erosionarà molt fàcilment. </p><p>Es va formar al <a href="/wiki/Plistoc%C3%A8" title="Plistocè">Plistocè</a> en les regions properes a una <a href="/wiki/Glacera" title="Glacera">glacera</a> el <a href="/wiki/Llim" title="Llim">llim</a> del front de les quals va ser transportat pels vents del sud i de l'est. A la <a href="/wiki/Xina" title="Xina">Xina</a> l'origen és diferent, ja que el <i>loess</i> va ser transportat pel vent des de les regions desèrtiques de l'interior i dipositat més a l'est.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Els dipòsits de <i>loess</i> són de color groguenc sense estratificar. El gruix n'és variable, des d'1 metre en alguns llocs dels Estats Units a 90 metres com a màxim a la Xina. També es troben dipòsits de <i>loess</i> de menor extensió a l'Europa central, l'<a href="/w/index.php?title=Estepa_russa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Estepa russa (encara no existeix)">estepa russa</a> i Argentina. </p><p>Tenen fama de ser terres fèrtils, però a la vegada estan molt subjectes a l'erosió eòlica i hídrica. Sembla que la fertilitat és deguda a la gran <a href="/wiki/Capacitat_de_bescanvi_cati%C3%B2nic" title="Capacitat de bescanvi catiònic">capacitat de bescanvi catiònic</a> i a la gran facilitat a disposar d'aigua per part de les arrels.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A les <a href="/wiki/Grans_Planes" title="Grans Planes">praderies</a> dels Estats Units, estan recobertes per una lleugera capa rica en matèria orgànica que fa les terres fèrtils, però si desapareix aquest estrat perden la fertilitat. Moltes terres <i>loèssiques</i> d'Europa s'han dedicat tradicionalment al conreu de cereals.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>En diverses zones del món, s’han format carenes de loess alineades amb els vents dominants durant l'<a href="/wiki/%C3%9Altim_m%C3%A0xim_glacial" title="Últim màxim glacial">últim màxim glacial</a>. S’anomenen "<a href="/w/index.php?title=Crestes_paha%22&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Crestes paha" (encara no existeix)">crestes paha"</a> a Amèrica i "crestes greda" a Europa. La forma d’aquestes <a href="/wiki/Duna" title="Duna">dunes</a> de loess s’ha explicat per una combinació de condicions de <a href="/wiki/Vent" title="Vent">vent</a> i <a href="/wiki/Tundra" title="Tundra">tundra</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Referències"><span id="Refer.C3.A8ncies"></span>Referències</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Loess&action=edit&section=2" title="Modifica la secció: Referències"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="reflist {{#if: | references-column-count references-column-count-{{{col}}}" style="list-style-type: decimal;"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-1">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation" style="font-style:normal" id="CITEREFFrechen2011"><span style="font-variant: small-caps;">Frechen</span>, Manfred «<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://egqsj.copernicus.org/articles/60/1/2011/">Loess in Europe: Guest Editorial</a>» (en anglès). <i>E&G Quaternary Science Journal</i>, 60, 1, 03-06-2011, pàg. 3–5. <a href="/wiki/DOI" title="DOI">DOI</a>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.3285%2Feg.60.1.00">10.3285/eg.60.1.00</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN" title="ISSN">ISSN</a>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.worldcat.org/issn/0424-7116">0424-7116</a>.</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-2">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation" style="font-style:normal" id="CITEREFVasiljevićMarkovićHoseSmalley2011"><span style="font-variant: small-caps;">Vasiljević</span>, Djordjije A.; <span style="font-variant: small-caps;">Marković</span>, Slobodan B.; <span style="font-variant: small-caps;">Hose</span>, Thomas A.; <span style="font-variant: small-caps;">Smalley</span>, Ian; <span style="font-variant: small-caps;">O’Hara-Dhand</span>, Ken «<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ojs.zrc-sazu.si/ags/article/view/1328">Loess towards (geo) tourism – proposed application on loess in Vojvodina region (north Serbia)</a>» (en anglès). <i>Acta geographica Slovenica</i>, 51, 2, 15-12-2011, pàg. 391–406. <a href="/wiki/DOI" title="DOI">DOI</a>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.3986%2FAGS51305">10.3986/AGS51305</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN" title="ISSN">ISSN</a>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.worldcat.org/issn/1581-8314">1581-8314</a>.</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-3">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation" style="font-style:normal" id="CITEREFLiShiAydinBeroya-Eitner2020"><span style="font-variant: small-caps;">Li</span>, Yanrong; <span style="font-variant: small-caps;">Shi</span>, Wenhui; <span style="font-variant: small-caps;">Aydin</span>, Adnan; <span style="font-variant: small-caps;">Beroya-Eitner</span>, Mary Antonette; <span style="font-variant: small-caps;">Gao</span>, Guohong «<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi-org.are.uab.cat/10.1016/j.earscirev.2019.102947">Loess genesis and worldwide distribution</a>». <i>Earth-Science Reviews</i>, 201, 2-2020, pàg. 102947. <a href="/wiki/DOI" title="DOI">DOI</a>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.earscirev.2019.102947">10.1016/j.earscirev.2019.102947</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN" title="ISSN">ISSN</a>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.worldcat.org/issn/0012-8252">0012-8252</a>.</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:0-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-:0_4-0">4,0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-:0_4-1">4,1</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation book" style="font-style:normal" id="CITEREFDonahueMillerShickluna1977"><span style="font-variant: small-caps;">Donahue</span>, Roy Luther; <span style="font-variant: small-caps;">Miller</span>, Raymond W.; <span style="font-variant: small-caps;">Shickluna</span>, John C. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/soilsintroductio00dona"><i>Soils: An Introduction to Soils and Plant Growth</i></a> (en anglès).  Prentice-Hall, 1977. <span style="font-size:90%; white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Especial:Fonts_bibliogr%C3%A0fiques/978-0-13-821918-5" title="Especial:Fonts bibliogràfiques/978-0-13-821918-5">ISBN 978-0-13-821918-5</a></span>.</span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Soils%3A+An+Introduction+to+Soils+and+Plant+Growth&rft.aulast=Donahue&rft.aufirst=Roy+Luther&rft.date=1977&rft.pub=Prentice-Hall&rft.isbn=978-0-13-821918-5&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fsoilsintroductio00dona"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-5">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation book" style="font-style:normal" id="CITEREFNeuendorfInstitute2005"><span style="font-variant: small-caps;">Neuendorf</span>, Klaus K. E.; <span style="font-variant: small-caps;">Institute</span>, American Geological. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.cat/books?id=yD79FqfECCYC&dq=3540279512&source=gbs_book_other_versions"><i>Glossary of Geology</i></a> (en anglès).  Springer Science & Business Media, 2005. <span style="font-size:90%; white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Especial:Fonts_bibliogr%C3%A0fiques/978-0-922152-76-6" title="Especial:Fonts bibliogràfiques/978-0-922152-76-6">ISBN 978-0-922152-76-6</a></span>.</span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Glossary+of+Geology&rft.aulast=Neuendorf&rft.aufirst=Klaus+K.+E.&rft.date=2005&rft.pub=Springer+Science+%26+Business+Media&rft.isbn=978-0-922152-76-6&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.cat%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DyD79FqfECCYC%26dq%3D3540279512%26source%3Dgbs_book_other_versions"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-6">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation book" style="font-style:normal" id="CITEREFTsunekawaLiuYamanakaDu2013"><span style="font-variant: small-caps;">Tsunekawa</span>, Atsushi; <span style="font-variant: small-caps;">Liu</span>, Guobin; <span style="font-variant: small-caps;">Yamanaka</span>, Norikazu; <span style="font-variant: small-caps;">Du</span>, Sheng. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.cat/books?id=IRB_AAAAQBAJ&dq=loess+agriculture&hl=ca&source=gbs_navlinks_s"><i>Restoration and Development of the Degraded Loess Plateau, China</i></a> (en anglès).  Springer Science & Business Media, 2013-08-23. <span style="font-size:90%; white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Especial:Fonts_bibliogr%C3%A0fiques/978-4-431-54481-4" title="Especial:Fonts bibliogràfiques/978-4-431-54481-4">ISBN 978-4-431-54481-4</a></span>.</span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Restoration+and+Development+of+the+Degraded+Loess+Plateau%2C+China&rft.aulast=Tsunekawa&rft.aufirst=Atsushi&rft.date=2013-08-23&rft.pub=Springer+Science+%26+Business+Media&rft.isbn=978-4-431-54481-4&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.cat%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DIRB_AAAAQBAJ%26dq%3Dloess%2Bagriculture%26hl%3Dca%26source%3Dgbs_navlinks_s"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-7">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation book" style="font-style:normal" id="CITEREFPansuGautheyrou2007"><span style="font-variant: small-caps;">Pansu</span>, Marc; <span style="font-variant: small-caps;">Gautheyrou</span>, Jacques. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.cat/books?id=W7K7xZx7N3YC&printsec=frontcover&dq=Handbook+of+Soil+Analysis.&hl=ca&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Handbook%20of%20Soil%20Analysis.&f=false"><i>Handbook of Soil Analysis: Mineralogical, Organic and Inorganic Methods</i></a> (en anglès).  Springer Science & Business Media, 2007-04-18, p. 709–754. <span style="font-size:90%; white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Especial:Fonts_bibliogr%C3%A0fiques/978-3-540-31211-6" title="Especial:Fonts bibliogràfiques/978-3-540-31211-6">ISBN 978-3-540-31211-6</a></span>.</span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Handbook+of+Soil+Analysis%3A+Mineralogical%2C+Organic+and+Inorganic+Methods&rft.aulast=Pansu&rft.aufirst=Marc&rft.date=2007-04-18&rft.pub=Springer+Science+%26+Business+Media&rft.pages=709%E2%80%93754&rft.isbn=978-3-540-31211-6&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.cat%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DW7K7xZx7N3YC%26printsec%3Dfrontcover%26dq%3DHandbook%2Bof%2BSoil%2BAnalysis.%26hl%3Dca%26sa%3DX%26redir_esc%3Dy%23v%3Donepage%26q%3DHandbook%2520of%2520Soil%2520Analysis.%26f%3Dfalse"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-8">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation book" style="font-style:normal" id="CITEREFBakels2009"><span style="font-variant: small-caps;">Bakels</span>, Corrie C. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.cat/books?id=N0cFIoLjZaUC&dq=loess+agriculture&hl=ca&source=gbs_navlinks_s"><i>The Western European Loess Belt: Agrarian History, 5300 BC - AD 1000</i></a> (en anglès).  Springer Science & Business Media, 2009-07-29. <span style="font-size:90%; white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Especial:Fonts_bibliogr%C3%A0fiques/978-1-4020-9840-6" title="Especial:Fonts bibliogràfiques/978-1-4020-9840-6">ISBN 978-1-4020-9840-6</a></span>.</span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Western+European+Loess+Belt%3A+Agrarian+History%2C+5300+BC+-+AD+1000&rft.aulast=Bakels&rft.aufirst=Corrie+C.&rft.date=2009-07-29&rft.pub=Springer+Science+%26+Business+Media&rft.isbn=978-1-4020-9840-6&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.cat%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DN0cFIoLjZaUC%26dq%3Dloess%2Bagriculture%26hl%3Dca%26source%3Dgbs_navlinks_s"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-9">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation book" style="font-style:normal" id="CITEREFShannonClayKitchen2020"><span style="font-variant: small-caps;">Shannon</span>, D. Kent; <span style="font-variant: small-caps;">Clay</span>, David E.; <span style="font-variant: small-caps;">Kitchen</span>, Newell R. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.cat/books?id=iSLNDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA80&dq=loess+agriculture&hl=ca&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwiO7M_DxZDyAhXHUMAKHbEdCJMQ6AEwBXoECAoQAg#v=onepage&q=loess%20agriculture&f=false"><i>Precision Agriculture Basics</i></a> (en anglès).  John Wiley & Sons, 2020-01-22, p. 80. <span style="font-size:90%; white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Especial:Fonts_bibliogr%C3%A0fiques/978-0-89118-366-2" title="Especial:Fonts bibliogràfiques/978-0-89118-366-2">ISBN 978-0-89118-366-2</a></span>.</span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Precision+Agriculture+Basics&rft.aulast=Shannon&rft.aufirst=D.+Kent&rft.date=2020-01-22&rft.pub=John+Wiley+%26+Sons&rft.pages=80&rft.isbn=978-0-89118-366-2&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.cat%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DiSLNDwAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPA80%26dq%3Dloess%2Bagriculture%26hl%3Dca%26sa%3DX%26ved%3D2ahUKEwiO7M_DxZDyAhXHUMAKHbEdCJMQ6AEwBXoECAoQAg%23v%3Donepage%26q%3Dloess%2520agriculture%26f%3Dfalse"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r33663753">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:#f9f9f9;display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-center{clear:both;margin:auto}}</style><div class="side-box metadata side-box-right plainlinks"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">A <span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/P%C3%A0gina_principal?uselang=ca">Wikimedia Commons</a></span> hi ha contingut multimèdia relatiu a: <i><b><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Loess" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Loess">Loess</a></b></i></div></div> </div> <div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-label="Navbox" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Control_d%27autoritats" title="Control d'autoritats">Registres d'autoritat</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/National_Diet_Library" class="mw-redirect" title="National Diet Library">NDL</a> <span class="uid"> (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.ndl.go.jp/auth/ndlna/00566105">1</a>)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <p><span style="display: none;" class="interProject"><a href="https://ca.wiktionary.org/wiki/loess" class="extiw" title="wikt:loess">Viccionari</a></span> </p>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1&useformat=desktop" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; 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