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</ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Footnotes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Footnotes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Footnotes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Footnotes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bibliography" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bibliography"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Bibliography</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bibliography-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" 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Available in 21 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-21" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">21 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%83%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%A8%D8%A9_%D8%B9%D8%B1%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%A9_(%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8%D9%84%D9%82%D8%A7%D9%86)" title="كتابة عربية (البلقان) – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="كتابة عربية (البلقان)" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%8C%D0%BD%D1%96%D0%B9%D1%81%D0%BA%D1%96_%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B1%D1%81%D0%BA%D1%96_%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%84%D0%B0%D0%B1%D1%8D%D1%82" title="Басьнійскі арабскі альфабэт – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Басьнійскі арабскі альфабэт" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B0" title="Босненска арабица – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Босненска арабица" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arebica" title="Arebica – Bosnian" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Arebica" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arebica" title="Arebica – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Arebica" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%95%84%EB%A0%88%EB%B9%84%EC%B0%A8" title="아레비차 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="아레비차" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arabica" title="Arabica – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Arabica" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arebica" title="Arebica – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Arebica" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arebica" title="Arebica – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Arebica" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%90%E1%83%A0%E1%83%94%E1%83%91%E1%83%98%E1%83%AA%E1%83%90" title="არებიცა – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="არებიცა" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B0" title="Босанска арабица – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Босанска арабица" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arebica" title="Arebica – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Arebica" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%A2%E3%83%AC%E3%83%93%E3%83%84%E3%82%A1" title="アレビツァ – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="アレビツァ" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alfabet_bo%C5%9Bniacki_(arabski)" title="Alfabet bośniacki (arabski) – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Alfabet bośniacki (arabski)" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arabica" title="Arabica – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Arabica" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B1%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B0" title="Аребица – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Аребица" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arabica" title="Arabica – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Arabica" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arebica" title="Arebica – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Arebica" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B2%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%8B%E0%B8%B2" title="อาเรบีตซา – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="อาเรบีตซา" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bosna_Arap_alfabesi" title="Bosna Arap alfabesi – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Bosna Arap alfabesi" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BD%D1%96%D0%B9%D1%81%D1%8C%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B1%D1%81%D1%8C%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Боснійська арабська абетка – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Боснійська арабська абетка" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q3393238#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div 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style="padding:0.25em; background:white;">Arebica<br /><div style="font-weight:normal"></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.6em;">Script type</th><td class="infobox-data"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0; line-height:1.25em"> Alphabet, based upon the </div> <a href="/wiki/Arabic_script" title="Arabic script">Perso-Arabic script</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.6em;"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Time period</div></th><td class="infobox-data">15th–20th century</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.6em;">Languages</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Serbo-Croatian" title="Serbo-Croatian">Serbo-Croatian</a></td></tr></tbody></table> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist 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mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:lavender; border-bottom:#aaa 1px solid; text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)">Western South Slavic</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="padding:0 0.2em;"><table class="sidebar nomobile nowraplinks" style="background-color: transparent; color: var( --color-base ); border-collapse:collapse; border-spacing:0px; border:none; width:100%; margin:0px; font-size:100%; clear:none; float:none"><tbody><tr><td class="sidebar-content" style="border-bottom:#aaa 1px solid"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Serbo-Croatian" title="Serbo-Croatian">Serbo-Croatian</a></b></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content" style="border-bottom:#aaa 1px solid"> <ul><li><b>Standard languages</b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bosnian_language" title="Bosnian language">Bosnian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Croatian_language" title="Croatian language">Croatian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Montenegrin_language" title="Montenegrin language">Montenegrin</a></li> <li><div style="display:inline-block; padding:0.2em 0.4em; line-height:1.2em; padding-top:0.1em;line-height:1.15em;"><a href="/wiki/Serbian_language" title="Serbian language">Serbian</a><br />(<a href="/wiki/Slavonic-Serbian" title="Slavonic-Serbian">Slavonic-Serbian</a>)</div></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content" style="border-bottom:#aaa 1px solid"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Dialects_of_Serbo-Croatian" title="Dialects of Serbo-Croatian">Dialects</a></b></li> <li><div style="display:inline-block; padding:0.2em 0.4em; line-height:1.2em; line-height:1.15em;"><a href="/wiki/Shtokavian" title="Shtokavian">Shtokavian</a> <div class="hlist"><ul><li>(<a href="/wiki/Younger_Ikavian_dialect" title="Younger Ikavian dialect">Younger Ikavian</a> <div class="hlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bunjevac_dialect" title="Bunjevac dialect">Bunjevac</a></li></ul></div></li><li><a href="/wiki/Slavonian_dialect" class="mw-redirect" title="Slavonian dialect">Slavonian</a> <div class="hlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/%C5%A0okac_dialect" title="Šokac dialect">Šokac</a></li></ul></div></li><li><a href="/wiki/Dubrovnik_subdialect" title="Dubrovnik subdialect">Dubrovnik</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Eastern_Herzegovinian_dialect" title="Eastern Herzegovinian dialect">Eastern Herzegovinian</a> <div class="hlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/U%C5%BEican_dialect" title="Užican dialect">Užice</a></li></ul></div></li><li><a href="/wiki/Zeta%E2%80%93Ra%C5%A1ka_dialect" title="Zeta–Raška dialect">Zeta–Raška</a></li><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kosovo%E2%80%93Resava_dialect&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kosovo–Resava dialect (page does not exist)">Kosovo–Resava</a> (<a href="/wiki/Smederevo%E2%80%93Vr%C5%A1ac_dialect" title="Smederevo–Vršac dialect">Smederevo–Vršac</a>)</li><li><a href="/wiki/%C5%A0umadija%E2%80%93Vojvodina_dialect" title="Šumadija–Vojvodina dialect">Šumadija–Vojvodina</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Prizren%E2%80%93Timok_dialect" title="Prizren–Timok dialect">Prizren–Timok</a> (<a href="/wiki/Prizren%E2%80%93South_Morava_dialect" class="mw-redirect" title="Prizren–South Morava dialect">Prizren–South Morava</a> <div class="hlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gora_dialect" title="Gora dialect">Gorani</a></li><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Janjevo%E2%80%93Letnica_dialect&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Janjevo–Letnica dialect (page does not exist)">Janjevo–Letnica</a></li></ul></div></li><li><a href="/wiki/Svrljig%E2%80%93Zaplanje_dialect" class="mw-redirect" title="Svrljig–Zaplanje dialect">Svrljig–Zaplanje</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Timok%E2%80%93Lu%C5%BEnica_dialect" class="mw-redirect" title="Timok–Lužnica dialect">Timok–Lužnica</a>))</li></ul></div></div></li> <li><div style="display:inline-block; padding:0.2em 0.4em; line-height:1.2em; line-height:1.15em;"><a href="/wiki/Chakavian" title="Chakavian">Chakavian</a> <div class="hlist"><ul><li>(<a href="/wiki/Burgenland_Croatian" title="Burgenland Croatian">Burgenland</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Slavomolisano_dialect" title="Slavomolisano dialect">Molise</a>)</li></ul></div></div></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kajkavian" title="Kajkavian">Kajkavian</a></li> <li><div style="display:inline-block; padding:0.2em 0.4em; line-height:1.2em; line-height:1.15em;"><a href="/wiki/Torlakian_dialects" title="Torlakian dialects">Torlakian</a> <div class="hlist"><ul><li>(<a href="/wiki/Prizren%E2%80%93South_Morava_dialect" class="mw-redirect" title="Prizren–South Morava dialect">Prizren–South Morava</a> <div class="hlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gora_dialect" title="Gora dialect">Gorani</a></li><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Janjevo%E2%80%93Letnica_dialect&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Janjevo–Letnica dialect (page does not exist)">Janjevo–Letnica</a></li></ul></div></li><li><a href="/wiki/Svrljig%E2%80%93Zaplanje_dialect" class="mw-redirect" title="Svrljig–Zaplanje dialect">Svrljig–Zaplanje</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Timok%E2%80%93Lu%C5%BEnica_dialect" class="mw-redirect" title="Timok–Lužnica dialect">Timok–Lužnica</a>)</li></ul></div></div></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content" style="border-bottom:#aaa 1px solid"> <ul><li><b>Accents</b></li> <li><div class="hlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ekavian" class="mw-redirect" title="Ekavian">Ekavian</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Ijekavian" class="mw-redirect" title="Ijekavian">Ijekavian</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Ikavian" class="mw-redirect" title="Ikavian">Ikavian</a></li></ul></div></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content" style="border-bottom:#aaa 1px solid"> <ul><li><i><span class="wraplinks"><a href="/wiki/Comparison_of_standard_Bosnian,_Croatian,_Montenegrin_and_Serbian" title="Comparison of standard Bosnian, Croatian, Montenegrin and Serbian">Comparison of standard Bosnian, Croatian, Montenegrin and Serbian</a></span></i></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content" style="border-bottom:#aaa 1px solid"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Slovene_language" title="Slovene language">Slovene</a></b></li> <li><div style="display:inline-block; padding:0.2em 0.4em; line-height:1.2em; line-height:1.15em;"><a href="/wiki/Slovene_dialects" title="Slovene dialects">Dialects</a> <div class="hlist"><ul><li>(<a href="/wiki/Prekmurje_Slovene" title="Prekmurje Slovene">Prekmurje Slovene</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Resian_dialect" title="Resian dialect">Resian</a>)</li></ul></div></div></li></ul></td> </tr></tbody></table></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content" style="padding:0;"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:lavender; border-bottom:#aaa 1px solid; text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)">Eastern South Slavic</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="padding:0 0.2em;"><table class="sidebar nomobile nowraplinks" style="background-color: transparent; color: var( --color-base ); border-collapse:collapse; border-spacing:0px; border:none; width:100%; margin:0px; font-size:100%; clear:none; float:none"><tbody><tr><td class="sidebar-content" style="border-bottom:#aaa 1px solid"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Church_Slavonic" title="Church Slavonic">Church Slavonic</a> (<a href="/wiki/Old_Church_Slavonic" title="Old Church Slavonic">Old</a>)</li></ul></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content" style="border-bottom:#aaa 1px solid"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Bulgarian_language" title="Bulgarian language">Bulgarian</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bulgarian_dialects" title="Bulgarian dialects">Dialects</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Banat_Bulgarian_dialect" title="Banat Bulgarian dialect">Banat</a></li> <li><div class="hlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Torlakian_dialects" title="Torlakian dialects">Torlakian</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Meshterski" title="Meshterski">Meshterski</a></li></ul></div></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content" style="border-bottom:#aaa 1px solid"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Macedonian_language" title="Macedonian language">Macedonian</a></b></li> <li><div style="display:inline-block; padding:0.2em 0.4em; line-height:1.2em; line-height:1.15em;"><a href="/wiki/Dialects_of_Macedonian" title="Dialects of Macedonian">Dialects</a> <div class="hlist"><ul><li>(<a href="/wiki/Western_Macedonian_dialects" title="Western Macedonian dialects">Western</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Southeastern_Macedonian_dialects" title="Southeastern Macedonian dialects">Southeastern</a></li></ul></div> <div class="hlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Northern_Macedonian_dialects" title="Northern Macedonian dialects">Northern</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Torlakian_dialects" title="Torlakian dialects">Torlakian</a>)</li></ul></div></div></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spoken_Macedonian" title="Spoken Macedonian">Spoken Macedonian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Standard_Macedonian" title="Standard Macedonian">Standard Macedonian</a></li></ul></td> </tr></tbody></table></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content" style="padding:0;"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:lavender; border-bottom:#aaa 1px solid; text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)">Transitional dialects</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="padding:0 0.2em;"><table class="sidebar nomobile nowraplinks" style="background-color: transparent; color: var( --color-base ); border-collapse:collapse; border-spacing:0px; border:none; width:100%; margin:0px; font-size:100%; clear:none; float:none"><tbody><tr><td class="sidebar-content" style="border-bottom:#aaa 1px solid"> <ul><li><b>Serbian–Bulgarian–Macedonian</b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transitional_Bulgarian_dialects" title="Transitional Bulgarian dialects">Transitional Bulgarian dialects</a></li> <li><div class="hlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Torlakian_dialects" title="Torlakian dialects">Torlakian</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Gora_dialect" title="Gora dialect">Gorani</a></li></ul></div></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content" style="border-bottom:#aaa 1px solid"> <ul><li><b>Croatian–Slovenian</b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kajkavian" title="Kajkavian">Kajkavian</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content" style="border-bottom:#aaa 1px solid"> <ul><li><b>Bulgarian–Macedonian</b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slavic_dialects_of_Greece" title="Slavic dialects of Greece">Slavic dialects of Greece</a></li></ul></td> </tr></tbody></table></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content" style="padding:0;"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:lavender; border-bottom:#aaa 1px solid; text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)">Alphabets</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="padding:0 0.2em;"><table class="sidebar nomobile nowraplinks" style="background-color: transparent; color: var( --color-base ); border-collapse:collapse; border-spacing:0px; border:none; width:100%; margin:0px; font-size:100%; clear:none; float:none"><tbody><tr><td class="sidebar-content" style="border-bottom:#aaa 1px solid"> <ul><li><b>Modern</b></li> <li><div class="hlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gaj%27s_Latin_alphabet" title="Gaj's Latin alphabet">Gaj's Latin</a><sup>a</sup></li><li><a href="/wiki/Serbian_Cyrillic_alphabet" title="Serbian Cyrillic alphabet">Serbian Cyrillic</a></li></ul></div></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bulgarian_language#Alphabet" title="Bulgarian language">Bulgarian Cyrillic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Macedonian_alphabet" title="Macedonian alphabet">Macedonian Cyrillic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Montenegrin_alphabet" title="Montenegrin alphabet">Montenegrin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slovene_alphabet" title="Slovene alphabet">Slovene</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content" style="border-bottom:#aaa 1px solid"> <ul><li><b>Historical</b></li> <li><div class="hlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bohori%C4%8D_alphabet" title="Bohorič alphabet">Bohoričica</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Dajnko_alphabet" title="Dajnko alphabet">Dajnčica</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Metelko_alphabet" title="Metelko alphabet">Metelčica</a></li></ul></div></li> <li><div class="hlist"><ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Arebica</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Bosnian_Cyrillic" title="Bosnian Cyrillic">Bosnian Cyrillic</a></li></ul></div></li> <li><div class="hlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Glagolitic_alphabet" class="mw-redirect" title="Glagolitic alphabet">Glagolitic</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Early_Cyrillic_alphabet" title="Early Cyrillic alphabet">Early Cyrillic</a></li></ul></div></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content" style="border-bottom:#aaa 1px solid"> <span style="position: relative; top: 0.2em;"><sup>a</sup></span> Includes <a href="/wiki/Banat_Bulgarian_language#Alphabet" class="mw-redirect" title="Banat Bulgarian language">Banat Bulgarian alphabet</a>.</td> </tr></tbody></table></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar" style="padding:0 0.5em"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:South_Slavic_languages_sidebar" title="Template:South Slavic languages sidebar"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:South_Slavic_languages_sidebar" title="Template talk:South Slavic languages sidebar"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:South_Slavic_languages_sidebar" title="Special:EditPage/Template:South Slavic languages sidebar"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Bosnian_Book_of_the_Science_of_Conduct_WDL7479.pdf" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Bosnian_Book_of_the_Science_of_Conduct_WDL7479.pdf/page1-220px-Bosnian_Book_of_the_Science_of_Conduct_WDL7479.pdf.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="154" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Bosnian_Book_of_the_Science_of_Conduct_WDL7479.pdf/page1-330px-Bosnian_Book_of_the_Science_of_Conduct_WDL7479.pdf.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Bosnian_Book_of_the_Science_of_Conduct_WDL7479.pdf/page1-440px-Bosnian_Book_of_the_Science_of_Conduct_WDL7479.pdf.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3733" data-file-height="2616" /></a><figcaption>The handbook, <i>Bosnian Book of the Science of Conduct</i> published in 1831 by the Bosnian author and poet <a href="/wiki/Abdulvehab_Ilhamija" title="Abdulvehab Ilhamija">Abdulvehab Ilhamija</a>, is printed in Arebica.</figcaption></figure> <p><b>Arebica</b> (عربٖىڄا ,آرەبـٖٮڄآ; <a href="/wiki/Serbian_Cyrillic_alphabet" title="Serbian Cyrillic alphabet">Serbo-Croatian Cyrillic</a>: <span lang="sh-Cyrl">Аребица</span>) is a variant of the <a href="/wiki/Arabic_script" title="Arabic script">Arabic script</a> used to write the <a href="/wiki/Serbo-Croatian" title="Serbo-Croatian">Serbo-Croatian</a> language. It was used mainly between the 15th and 19th centuries and is frequently categorized as part of <a href="/wiki/Aljamiado" title="Aljamiado">Aljamiado</a> literature. During <a href="/wiki/Austro-Hungarian_rule_in_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina" title="Austro-Hungarian rule in Bosnia and Herzegovina">Austro-Hungarian rule</a>, there were unsuccessful efforts by <a href="/wiki/Bosnian_Muslims" class="mw-redirect" title="Bosnian Muslims">Bosnian Muslims</a> to grant Arebica equal status alongside <a href="/wiki/Gaj%27s_Latin_alphabet" title="Gaj's Latin alphabet">Latin</a> and <a href="/wiki/Serbian_Cyrillic_alphabet" title="Serbian Cyrillic alphabet">Cyrillic</a> alphabets.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFidahić202029_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEFidahić202029-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Apart from literature, Arebica was used in religious schools and administration, though in much less use than other scripts. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Origin">Origin</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Arebica&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Origin"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Arebica was based on the <a href="/wiki/Arabic_script" title="Arabic script">Perso-Arabic script</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Ottoman_Empire" title="Ottoman Empire">Ottoman Empire</a>, with added letters for <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">/<a href="/wiki/Voiceless_alveolar_affricate" title="Voiceless alveolar affricate">t͡s</a>/</span>, <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">/<a href="/wiki/Voiced_palatal_lateral_approximant" title="Voiced palatal lateral approximant">ʎ</a>/</span> and <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">/<a href="/wiki/Voiced_palatal_nasal" title="Voiced palatal nasal">ɲ</a>/</span>, which are not found in <a href="/wiki/Arabic" title="Arabic">Arabic</a>, <a href="/wiki/Persian_language" title="Persian language">Persian</a> or <a href="/wiki/Ottoman_Turkish_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Ottoman Turkish language">Turkish</a>. Full letters were eventually introduced for all vowels (as with <a href="/wiki/Kurdish_alphabets" title="Kurdish alphabets">Kurdish Arabic script</a>), making Arebica a true <a href="/wiki/Alphabet" title="Alphabet">alphabet</a>, unlike its Perso-Arabic base.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (May 2023)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>Arebica was used by the Slavic Muslims in <a href="/wiki/Central_Bosnia" title="Central Bosnia">Central Bosnia</a> during the <a href="/wiki/Ottoman_Empire" title="Ottoman Empire">Ottoman</a> rule and continued usage during the <a href="/wiki/Austro-Hungarian_rule_in_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina" title="Austro-Hungarian rule in Bosnia and Herzegovina">Austro-Hungarian rule in Bosnia and Herzegovina</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMønnesland2012137_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMønnesland2012137-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> During that period, they requested that Arebica be given equal status with the Latin and Cyrillic scripts, but the request wasn't granted.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFidahić202029_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEFidahić202029-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The usage of the script, however, continued sporadically even after.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMønnesland2012137_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMønnesland2012137-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The final version of Arebica was devised by <a href="/wiki/D%C5%BEemaludin_%C4%8Cau%C5%A1evi%C4%87" title="Džemaludin Čaušević">Mehmed Džemaludin Čaušević</a> at the end of the 19th century. His version is called <i>Matufovica</i>, <i>Matufovača</i> or <i>Mektebica</i>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Contemporary_use">Contemporary use</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Arebica&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Contemporary use"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The first literary work to be published in Arebica since 1941 was the comic book "Hadži Šefko i hadži Mefko" in 2005, by authors Amir Al-Zubi and Meliha Čičak-Al-Zubi. The authors made slight modifications to Arebica. </p><p>The first book in Arebica with an ISBN was "Epohe fonetske misli kod Arapa i arebica" ("The Age of Phonetic Thought of Arabs and Arebica")<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> in April 2013 in Belgrade by Aldin Mustafić, MSc. This book represents the completion of the standardization of Mehmed Džemaludin Čaušević's version, and is also a textbook for higher education. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Alphabet">Alphabet</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Arebica&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Alphabet"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The final version of Arebica alphabet was devised at the end of the 19th century by Mehmed Džemaludin Čaušević. The alphabet listed here is a new version made by Aldin Mustafić. </p> <table class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"> <tbody><tr> <th rowspan="3">Latin </th> <th rowspan="3">Cyrillic </th> <th colspan="4">Arebica </th></tr> <tr> <th colspan="3">Contextual forms </th> <th rowspan="2">Isolated </th></tr> <tr> <th>Final </th> <th>Medial </th> <th>Initial </th></tr> <tr> <td>A a </td> <td>А а </td> <td style="line-height:150%;padding:10px;font-size:220%;" colspan="2"><span title="Bosnian-language text"><span lang="bs-Arab" dir="rtl">ـآ</span></span> </td> <td style="line-height:150%;padding:10px;font-size:220%;" colspan="2"><span title="Bosnian-language text"><span lang="bs-Arab" dir="rtl">آ</span></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>B b </td> <td>Б б </td> <td style="line-height:150%;padding:10px;font-size:220%;"><span title="Bosnian-language text"><span lang="bs-Arab" dir="rtl">ـب</span></span> </td> <td style="line-height:150%;padding:10px;font-size:220%;"><span title="Bosnian-language text"><span lang="bs-Arab" dir="rtl">ـبـ</span></span> </td> <td style="line-height:150%;padding:10px;font-size:220%;"><span title="Bosnian-language text"><span lang="bs-Arab" dir="rtl">بـ</span></span> </td> <td style="line-height:150%;padding:10px;font-size:220%;"><span title="Bosnian-language text"><span lang="bs-Arab" dir="rtl">ب</span></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>C c </td> <td>Ц ц </td> <td style="line-height:150%;padding:10px;font-size:220%;"><span title="Bosnian-language text"><span lang="bs-Arab" dir="rtl">ـڄ</span></span> </td> <td style="line-height:150%;padding:10px;font-size:220%;"><span title="Bosnian-language text"><span lang="bs-Arab" dir="rtl">ـڄـ</span></span> </td> <td style="line-height:150%;padding:10px;font-size:220%;"><span title="Bosnian-language text"><span lang="bs-Arab" dir="rtl">ڄـ</span></span> </td> <td style="line-height:150%;padding:10px;font-size:220%;"><span title="Bosnian-language text"><span lang="bs-Arab" dir="rtl">ڄ</span></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Č č </td> <td>Ч ч </td> <td style="line-height:150%;padding:10px;font-size:220%;"><span title="Bosnian-language text"><span lang="bs-Arab" dir="rtl">ـچ</span></span> </td> <td style="line-height:150%;padding:10px;font-size:220%;"><span title="Bosnian-language text"><span lang="bs-Arab" dir="rtl">ـچـ</span></span> </td> <td style="line-height:150%;padding:10px;font-size:220%;"><span title="Bosnian-language text"><span lang="bs-Arab" dir="rtl">چـ</span></span> </td> <td style="line-height:150%;padding:10px;font-size:220%;"><span title="Bosnian-language text"><span lang="bs-Arab" dir="rtl">چ</span></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Ć ć </td> <td>Ћ ћ </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Arebica_5_Final.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/Arebica_5_Final.png/23px-Arebica_5_Final.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/Arebica_5_Final.png/35px-Arebica_5_Final.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/Arebica_5_Final.png/46px-Arebica_5_Final.png 2x" data-file-width="293" data-file-height="278" /></a></span> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Arebica_5_Medial.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/Arebica_5_Medial.png/27px-Arebica_5_Medial.png" decoding="async" width="27" height="19" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/Arebica_5_Medial.png/41px-Arebica_5_Medial.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/Arebica_5_Medial.png/54px-Arebica_5_Medial.png 2x" data-file-width="402" data-file-height="290" /></a></span> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Arebica_5_Initial.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Arebica_5_Initial.png/20px-Arebica_5_Initial.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="19" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Arebica_5_Initial.png/30px-Arebica_5_Initial.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Arebica_5_Initial.png/40px-Arebica_5_Initial.png 2x" data-file-width="290" data-file-height="272" /></a></span> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Hah_with_inverted_v_below.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Hah_with_inverted_v_below.svg/20px-Hah_with_inverted_v_below.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="35" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Hah_with_inverted_v_below.svg/30px-Hah_with_inverted_v_below.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Hah_with_inverted_v_below.svg/40px-Hah_with_inverted_v_below.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="85" data-file-height="149" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>D d </td> <td>Д д </td> <td style="line-height:150%;padding:10px;font-size:220%;" colspan="2"><span title="Bosnian-language text"><span lang="bs-Arab" dir="rtl">ـد</span></span> </td> <td style="line-height:150%;padding:10px;font-size:220%;" colspan="2"><span title="Bosnian-language text"><span lang="bs-Arab" dir="rtl">د</span></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Dž dž </td> <td>Џ џ </td> <td style="line-height:150%;padding:10px;font-size:220%;"><span title="Bosnian-language text"><span lang="bs-Arab" dir="rtl">ـج</span></span> </td> <td style="line-height:150%;padding:10px;font-size:220%;"><span title="Bosnian-language text"><span lang="bs-Arab" dir="rtl">ـجـ</span></span> </td> <td style="line-height:150%;padding:10px;font-size:220%;"><span title="Bosnian-language text"><span lang="bs-Arab" dir="rtl">جـ</span></span> </td> <td><span style="line-height:150%;padding:10px;font-size:220%;"><span title="Bosnian-language text"><span lang="bs-Arab" dir="rtl">ج</span></span></span> <sup class="plainlinks nourlexpansion citation" id="ref_c"><a href="#endnote_c">[c]</a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Đ đ </td> <td>Ђ ђ </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Arebica_8_Final.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Arebica_8_Final.png/20px-Arebica_8_Final.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Arebica_8_Final.png/30px-Arebica_8_Final.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Arebica_8_Final.png/40px-Arebica_8_Final.png 2x" data-file-width="271" data-file-height="276" /></a></span> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Arebica_8_Medial.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Arebica_8_Medial.png/27px-Arebica_8_Medial.png" decoding="async" width="27" height="19" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Arebica_8_Medial.png/41px-Arebica_8_Medial.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Arebica_8_Medial.png/54px-Arebica_8_Medial.png 2x" data-file-width="395" data-file-height="273" /></a></span> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Arebica_8_Initial.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/Arebica_8_Initial.png/20px-Arebica_8_Initial.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="19" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/Arebica_8_Initial.png/30px-Arebica_8_Initial.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/Arebica_8_Initial.png/40px-Arebica_8_Initial.png 2x" data-file-width="303" data-file-height="282" /></a></span> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Hah_with_v_below.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Hah_with_v_below.png/20px-Hah_with_v_below.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="35" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Hah_with_v_below.png/30px-Hah_with_v_below.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Hah_with_v_below.png/40px-Hah_with_v_below.png 2x" data-file-width="86" data-file-height="152" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>E e </td> <td>Е е </td> <td style="line-height:150%;padding:10px;font-size:220%;" colspan="2"><span title="Bosnian-language text"><span lang="bs-Arab" dir="rtl">ـە</span></span> </td> <td style="line-height:150%;padding:10px;font-size:220%;" colspan="2"><span title="Bosnian-language text"><span lang="bs-Arab" dir="rtl">ە</span></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>F f </td> <td>Ф ф </td> <td style="line-height:150%;padding:10px;font-size:220%;"><span title="Bosnian-language text"><span lang="bs-Arab" dir="rtl">ـف</span></span> </td> <td style="line-height:150%;padding:10px;font-size:220%;"><span title="Bosnian-language text"><span lang="bs-Arab" dir="rtl">ـفـ</span></span> </td> <td style="line-height:150%;padding:10px;font-size:220%;"><span title="Bosnian-language text"><span lang="bs-Arab" dir="rtl">فـ</span></span> </td> <td style="line-height:150%;padding:10px;font-size:220%;"><span title="Bosnian-language text"><span lang="bs-Arab" dir="rtl">ف</span></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>G g </td> <td>Г г </td> <td style="line-height:150%;padding:10px;font-size:220%;"><span title="Bosnian-language text"><span lang="bs-Arab" dir="rtl">ـغ</span></span> </td> <td style="line-height:150%;padding:10px;font-size:220%;"><span title="Bosnian-language text"><span lang="bs-Arab" dir="rtl">ـغـ</span></span> </td> <td style="line-height:150%;padding:10px;font-size:220%;"><span title="Bosnian-language text"><span lang="bs-Arab" dir="rtl">غـ</span></span> </td> <td style="line-height:150%;padding:10px;font-size:220%;"><span title="Bosnian-language text"><span lang="bs-Arab" dir="rtl">غ</span></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>H h </td> <td>Х х </td> <td style="line-height:150%;padding:10px;font-size:220%;"><span title="Bosnian-language text"><span lang="bs-Arab" dir="rtl">ـح</span></span> </td> <td style="line-height:150%;padding:10px;font-size:220%;"><span title="Bosnian-language text"><span lang="bs-Arab" dir="rtl">ـحـ</span></span> </td> <td style="line-height:150%;padding:10px;font-size:220%;"><span title="Bosnian-language text"><span lang="bs-Arab" dir="rtl">حـ</span></span> </td> <td style="line-height:150%;padding:10px;font-size:220%;"><span title="Bosnian-language text"><span lang="bs-Arab" dir="rtl">ح</span></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>I i </td> <td>И и </td> <td style="line-height:150%;padding:10px;font-size:220%;"><span title="Bosnian-language text"><span lang="bs-Arab" dir="rtl">ـاى</span></span><br /><span title="Bosnian-language text"><span lang="bs-Arab" dir="rtl">ـى</span></span> </td> <td style="line-height:150%;padding:10px;font-size:220%;"><span title="Bosnian-language text"><span lang="bs-Arab" dir="rtl">ـاٮـ</span></span><br /><span title="Bosnian-language text"><span lang="bs-Arab" dir="rtl">ـىـ</span></span> </td> <td style="line-height:150%;padding:10px;font-size:220%;"><span title="Bosnian-language text"><span lang="bs-Arab" dir="rtl">اٮـ</span></span> <span title="Bosnian-language text"><span lang="bs-Arab" dir="rtl">ٮـ</span></span> </td> <td><span style="line-height:150%;padding:10px;font-size:220%;"><span title="Bosnian-language text"><span lang="bs-Arab" dir="rtl">اى</span></span></span> <sup class="plainlinks nourlexpansion citation" id="ref_a"><a href="#endnote_a">[a]</a></sup> <span style="line-height:150%;padding:10px;font-size:220%;"><span title="Bosnian-language text"><span lang="bs-Arab" dir="rtl">ى</span></span></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>J j </td> <td>Ј ј </td> <td style="line-height:150%;padding:10px;font-size:220%;"><span title="Bosnian-language text"><span lang="bs-Arab" dir="rtl">ـي</span></span> </td> <td style="line-height:150%;padding:10px;font-size:220%;"><span title="Bosnian-language text"><span lang="bs-Arab" dir="rtl">ـيـ</span></span> </td> <td style="line-height:150%;padding:10px;font-size:220%;"><span title="Bosnian-language text"><span lang="bs-Arab" dir="rtl">يـ</span></span> </td> <td style="line-height:150%;padding:10px;font-size:220%;"><span title="Bosnian-language text"><span lang="bs-Arab" dir="rtl">ي</span></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>K k </td> <td>К к </td> <td style="line-height:150%;padding:10px;font-size:220%;"><span title="Bosnian-language text"><span lang="bs-Arab" dir="rtl">ـق</span></span> </td> <td style="line-height:150%;padding:10px;font-size:220%;"><span title="Bosnian-language text"><span lang="bs-Arab" dir="rtl">ـقـ</span></span> </td> <td style="line-height:150%;padding:10px;font-size:220%;"><span title="Bosnian-language text"><span lang="bs-Arab" dir="rtl">قـ</span></span> </td> <td style="line-height:150%;padding:10px;font-size:220%;"><span title="Bosnian-language text"><span lang="bs-Arab" dir="rtl">ق</span></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>L l </td> <td>Л л </td> <td style="line-height:150%;padding:10px;font-size:220%;"><span title="Bosnian-language text"><span lang="bs-Arab" dir="rtl">ـل</span></span> </td> <td style="line-height:150%;padding:10px;font-size:220%;"><span title="Bosnian-language text"><span lang="bs-Arab" dir="rtl">ـلـ</span></span> </td> <td style="line-height:150%;padding:10px;font-size:220%;"><span title="Bosnian-language text"><span lang="bs-Arab" dir="rtl">لـ</span></span> </td> <td style="line-height:150%;padding:10px;font-size:220%;"><span title="Bosnian-language text"><span lang="bs-Arab" dir="rtl">ل</span></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Lj lj </td> <td>Љ љ </td> <td style="line-height:150%;padding:10px;font-size:220%;"><span title="Bosnian-language text"><span lang="bs-Arab" dir="rtl">ـڵ</span></span> </td> <td style="line-height:150%;padding:10px;font-size:220%;"><span title="Bosnian-language text"><span lang="bs-Arab" dir="rtl">ـڵـ</span></span> </td> <td style="line-height:150%;padding:10px;font-size:220%;"><span title="Bosnian-language text"><span lang="bs-Arab" dir="rtl">ڵـ</span></span> </td> <td style="line-height:150%;padding:10px;font-size:220%;"><span title="Bosnian-language text"><span lang="bs-Arab" dir="rtl">ڵ</span></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>M m </td> <td>М м </td> <td style="line-height:150%;padding:10px;font-size:220%;"><span title="Bosnian-language text"><span lang="bs-Arab" dir="rtl">ـم</span></span> </td> <td style="line-height:150%;padding:10px;font-size:220%;"><span title="Bosnian-language text"><span lang="bs-Arab" dir="rtl">ـمـ</span></span> </td> <td style="line-height:150%;padding:10px;font-size:220%;"><span title="Bosnian-language text"><span lang="bs-Arab" dir="rtl">مـ</span></span> </td> <td style="line-height:150%;padding:10px;font-size:220%;"><span title="Bosnian-language text"><span lang="bs-Arab" dir="rtl">م</span></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>N n </td> <td>Н н </td> <td style="line-height:150%;padding:10px;font-size:220%;"><span title="Bosnian-language text"><span lang="bs-Arab" dir="rtl">ـن</span></span> </td> <td style="line-height:150%;padding:10px;font-size:220%;"><span title="Bosnian-language text"><span lang="bs-Arab" dir="rtl">ـنـ</span></span> </td> <td style="line-height:150%;padding:10px;font-size:220%;"><span title="Bosnian-language text"><span lang="bs-Arab" dir="rtl">نـ</span></span> </td> <td style="line-height:150%;padding:10px;font-size:220%;"><span title="Bosnian-language text"><span lang="bs-Arab" dir="rtl">ن</span></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Nj nj </td> <td>Њ њ </td> <td style="line-height:150%;padding:10px;font-size:220%;"><span title="Bosnian-language text"><span lang="bs-Arab" dir="rtl">ـںٛ</span></span> </td> <td style="line-height:150%;padding:10px;font-size:220%;"><span title="Bosnian-language text"><span lang="bs-Arab" dir="rtl">ـٮٛـ</span></span> </td> <td style="line-height:150%;padding:10px;font-size:220%;"><span title="Bosnian-language text"><span lang="bs-Arab" dir="rtl">ٮٛـ</span></span> </td> <td><span style="line-height:150%;padding:10px;font-size:220%;"><span title="Bosnian-language text"><span lang="bs-Arab" dir="rtl">ںٛ</span></span></span> <sup class="plainlinks nourlexpansion citation" id="ref_b"><a href="#endnote_b">[b]</a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td>O o </td> <td>О о </td> <td style="line-height:150%;padding:10px;font-size:220%;" colspan="2"><span title="Bosnian-language text"><span lang="bs-Arab" dir="rtl">ـۉ</span></span> </td> <td style="line-height:150%;padding:10px;font-size:220%;" colspan="2"><span title="Bosnian-language text"><span lang="bs-Arab" dir="rtl">ۉ</span></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>P p </td> <td>П п </td> <td style="line-height:150%;padding:10px;font-size:220%;"><span title="Bosnian-language text"><span lang="bs-Arab" dir="rtl">ـپ</span></span> </td> <td style="line-height:150%;padding:10px;font-size:220%;"><span title="Bosnian-language text"><span lang="bs-Arab" dir="rtl">ـپـ</span></span> </td> <td style="line-height:150%;padding:10px;font-size:220%;"><span title="Bosnian-language text"><span lang="bs-Arab" dir="rtl">پـ</span></span> </td> <td style="line-height:150%;padding:10px;font-size:220%;"><span title="Bosnian-language text"><span lang="bs-Arab" dir="rtl">پ</span></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>R r </td> <td>Р р </td> <td style="line-height:150%;padding:10px;font-size:220%;" colspan="2"><span title="Bosnian-language text"><span lang="bs-Arab" dir="rtl">ـر</span></span> </td> <td style="line-height:150%;padding:10px;font-size:220%;" colspan="2"><span title="Bosnian-language text"><span lang="bs-Arab" dir="rtl">ر</span></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>S s </td> <td>С с </td> <td style="line-height:150%;padding:10px;font-size:220%;"><span title="Bosnian-language text"><span lang="bs-Arab" dir="rtl">ـس</span></span> </td> <td style="line-height:150%;padding:10px;font-size:220%;"><span title="Bosnian-language text"><span lang="bs-Arab" dir="rtl">ـسـ</span></span> </td> <td style="line-height:150%;padding:10px;font-size:220%;"><span title="Bosnian-language text"><span lang="bs-Arab" dir="rtl">سـ</span></span> </td> <td style="line-height:150%;padding:10px;font-size:220%;"><span title="Bosnian-language text"><span lang="bs-Arab" dir="rtl">س</span></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Š š </td> <td>Ш ш </td> <td style="line-height:150%;padding:10px;font-size:220%;"><span title="Bosnian-language text"><span lang="bs-Arab" dir="rtl">ـش</span></span> </td> <td style="line-height:150%;padding:10px;font-size:220%;"><span title="Bosnian-language text"><span lang="bs-Arab" dir="rtl">ـشـ</span></span> </td> <td style="line-height:150%;padding:10px;font-size:220%;"><span title="Bosnian-language text"><span lang="bs-Arab" dir="rtl">شـ</span></span> </td> <td style="line-height:150%;padding:10px;font-size:220%;"><span title="Bosnian-language text"><span lang="bs-Arab" dir="rtl">ش</span></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>T t </td> <td>Т т </td> <td style="line-height:150%;padding:10px;font-size:220%;"><span title="Bosnian-language text"><span lang="bs-Arab" dir="rtl">ـت</span></span> </td> <td style="line-height:150%;padding:10px;font-size:220%;"><span title="Bosnian-language text"><span lang="bs-Arab" dir="rtl">ـتـ</span></span> </td> <td style="line-height:150%;padding:10px;font-size:220%;"><span title="Bosnian-language text"><span lang="bs-Arab" dir="rtl">تـ</span></span> </td> <td style="line-height:150%;padding:10px;font-size:220%;"><span title="Bosnian-language text"><span lang="bs-Arab" dir="rtl">ت</span></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>U u </td> <td>У у </td> <td style="line-height:150%;padding:10px;font-size:220%;" colspan="2"><span title="Bosnian-language text"><span lang="bs-Arab" dir="rtl">ـۆ</span></span> </td> <td style="line-height:150%;padding:10px;font-size:220%;" colspan="2"><span title="Bosnian-language text"><span lang="bs-Arab" dir="rtl">ۆ</span></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>V v </td> <td>В в </td> <td style="line-height:150%;padding:10px;font-size:220%;" colspan="2"><span title="Bosnian-language text"><span lang="bs-Arab" dir="rtl">ـو</span></span> </td> <td style="line-height:150%;padding:10px;font-size:220%;" colspan="2"><span title="Bosnian-language text"><span lang="bs-Arab" dir="rtl">و</span></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Z z </td> <td>З з </td> <td style="line-height:150%;padding:10px;font-size:220%;" colspan="2"><span title="Bosnian-language text"><span lang="bs-Arab" dir="rtl">ـز</span></span> </td> <td style="line-height:150%;padding:10px;font-size:220%;" colspan="2"><span title="Bosnian-language text"><span lang="bs-Arab" dir="rtl">ز</span></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Ž ž </td> <td>Ж ж </td> <td style="line-height:150%;padding:10px;font-size:220%;" colspan="2"><span title="Bosnian-language text"><span lang="bs-Arab" dir="rtl">ـژ</span></span> </td> <td style="line-height:150%;padding:10px;font-size:220%;" colspan="2"><span title="Bosnian-language text"><span lang="bs-Arab" dir="rtl">ژ</span></span> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Notes</b> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239549316">.mw-parser-output .refbegin{margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul{margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{margin-left:0;padding-left:3.2em;text-indent:-3.2em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul,.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul li{list-style:none}@media(max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{padding-left:1.6em;text-indent:-1.6em}}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .refbegin{font-size:90%}}</style><div class="refbegin" style=""> <ul><li><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1041539562">.mw-parser-output .citation{word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}</style><span class="citation wikicite" id="endnote_a"><b><a href="#ref_a">^a</a></b></span> The diacritic beneath the <span title="Bosnian-language text"><span lang="bs-Arab" dir="rtl">ا</span></span> appears on the letter preceding the <span title="Bosnian-language text"><span lang="bs-Arab" dir="rtl">ى</span></span>.</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1041539562"><span class="citation wikicite" id="endnote_b"><b><a href="#ref_b">^b</a></b></span> Mustafić uses <span title="Bosnian-language text"><span lang="bs-Arab" dir="rtl">ڃ</span></span> and <span title="Bosnian-language text"><span lang="bs-Arab" dir="rtl">ݩ</span></span> instead of <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Hah_with_inverted_v_below.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Hah_with_inverted_v_below.svg/12px-Hah_with_inverted_v_below.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="21" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Hah_with_inverted_v_below.svg/18px-Hah_with_inverted_v_below.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Hah_with_inverted_v_below.svg/24px-Hah_with_inverted_v_below.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="85" data-file-height="149" /></a></span> and <span title="Bosnian-language text"><span lang="bs-Arab" dir="rtl">ںٛ</span></span> for Ć ć/Ћ ћ and Nj nj/Њ њ .</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1041539562"><span class="citation wikicite" id="endnote_c"><b><a href="#ref_c">^c</a></b></span> Mustafić uses <span title="Bosnian-language text"><span lang="bs-Arab" dir="rtl">ݗ</span></span> and Al-Zubi and Čičak-Al-Zubi use <span title="Bosnian-language text"><span lang="bs-Arab" dir="rtl">ڠ</span></span> instead of <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Hah_with_v_below.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Hah_with_v_below.png/12px-Hah_with_v_below.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="21" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Hah_with_v_below.png/18px-Hah_with_v_below.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Hah_with_v_below.png/24px-Hah_with_v_below.png 2x" data-file-width="86" data-file-height="152" /></a></span> for Đ đ/Ђ ђ.</li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Ligatures">Ligatures</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Arebica&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Ligatures"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Like the standard <a href="/wiki/Arabic_alphabet" title="Arabic alphabet">Arabic alphabet</a>, when <span title="Bosnian-language text"><span lang="bs-Arab" dir="rtl">ا</span></span> connects to either <span title="Bosnian-language text"><span lang="bs-Arab" dir="rtl">ل</span></span> or <span title="Bosnian-language text"><span lang="bs-Arab" dir="rtl">ڵ</span></span> a special ligature is used instead. </p> <table class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"> <tbody><tr> <th rowspan="3">Latin </th> <th rowspan="3">Cyrillic </th> <th colspan="4">Arebica </th></tr> <tr> <th colspan="3">Contextual forms </th> <th rowspan="2">Isolated </th></tr> <tr> <th>Final </th> <th>Medial </th> <th>Initial </th></tr> <tr> <td>la </td> <td>ла </td> <td style="line-height:150%;padding:10px;font-size:220%;" colspan="2"><span title="Bosnian-language text"><span lang="bs-Arab" dir="rtl">ـلا</span></span> </td> <td style="line-height:150%;padding:10px;font-size:220%;" colspan="2"><span title="Bosnian-language text"><span lang="bs-Arab" dir="rtl">لا</span></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>lja </td> <td>ља </td> <td style="line-height:150%;padding:10px;font-size:220%;" colspan="2"><span title="Bosnian-language text"><span lang="bs-Arab" dir="rtl">ـڵا</span></span> </td> <td style="line-height:150%;padding:10px;font-size:220%;" colspan="2"><span title="Bosnian-language text"><span lang="bs-Arab" dir="rtl">ڵا</span></span> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p>Prior to standardization, the most widespread Arebica conventions were based on Ottoman Turkish conventions, and similar to contemporary <i>aljamiado</i> conventions adopted for Albanian and Greek. Vowels are often written using <i>matres lectionis</i>, with the exception of /e/, which is only represented word-finally, as <span class="nowrap">⟨ە⟩</span>. /o/ and /u/ are not distinguished. /ɲ/, /ʎ/ and /ts/ were not distinguished from /n/, /l/ and /tʃ/, respectively spelt as <span class="nowrap">⟨ل⟩</span>, <span class="nowrap">⟨ن⟩</span> and <span class="nowrap">⟨چ⟩</span>. Palatal affricates /tɕ/ and /dʑ/ are both typically spelt as <span class="nowrap">⟨ك⟩</span>, due to the Persian letter <span class="nowrap">⟨گ⟩</span> not having been widely adopted yet, while velar stops /k/ and /g/ are represented with <span class="nowrap">⟨ق⟩</span> and <span class="nowrap">⟨غ⟩</span>.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Text_examples">Text examples</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Arebica&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Text examples"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Universal_Declaration_of_Human_Rights,_Article_1"><span id="Universal_Declaration_of_Human_Rights.2C_Article_1"></span><a href="/wiki/Universal_Declaration_of_Human_Rights" title="Universal Declaration of Human Rights">Universal Declaration of Human Rights</a>, Article 1</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Arebica&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Universal Declaration of Human Rights, Article 1"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table> <tbody><tr> <td>Serbo-Croatian (Arebica): </td> <td dir="rtl"><span style="font-size:125%;line-height:1.35;"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1227789315">.mw-parser-output .script-arabic{font-family:"Scheherazade New","SF Arabic",Amiri,"Noto Naskh Arabic","Droid Arabic Naskh","Noto Sans Arabic","Sakkal Majalla","Harmattan","Arabic Typesetting","Arabic Transparent","Times New Roman",Arial,Calibri,"Microsoft Sans Serif","Segoe UI",serif,sans-serif;font-weight:normal}</style><span class="script-arabic script-Arab" dir="rtl" style="font-size: 125%;">سوا ڵۆدسقا بیچا راجايۆ سە سلۉبۉدنا ای يەدناقا ۆ دۉستۉيانستوۆ ای پراویما. ۉنا سۆ ۉبدارەنا رازۆمۉم ای سویيەشڃۆ ای ترەبا دا يەدنۉ پرەما درۆغۉمە پۉستۆپايۆ ۆ دۆحۆ براتستوا.</span>‎</span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Serbo-Croatian (Latin): </td> <td><span title="Serbo-Croatian-language text"><i lang="sh">Sva ljudska bića rađaju se slobodna i jednaka u dostojanstvu i pravima. Ona su obdarena razumom i sviješću i treba da jedno prema drugome postupaju u duhu bratstva.</i></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Serbo-Croatian (Cyrillic): </td> <td><span title="Serbo-Croatian-language text"><span lang="sh-Cyrl">Сва људска бића рађају се слободна и једнака у достојанству и правима. Она су обдарена разумом и свијешћу и треба да једно према другоме поступају у духу братства.</span></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>English: </td> <td><i>All human beings are born free and equal in dignity and rights. They are endowed with reason and conscience and should act towards one another in a spirit of brotherhood.</i> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Tehran"><a href="/wiki/Tehran" title="Tehran">Tehran</a></h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Arebica&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Tehran"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table> <tbody><tr> <td>Serbo-Croatian (Arebica): </td> <td dir="rtl"><span style="font-size:125%;line-height:1.35;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1227789315"><span class="script-arabic script-Arab" dir="rtl" style="font-size: 125%;">تەهەران يە غلاونی ای نايوەڃی غراد ایرانا، سيەدیشتە تەهەرانسقە پۉقرايینە ای يەدان ۉد نايوەڃیح غرادۉوا سویيەتا.</span>‎</span> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Serbo-Croatian (Latin): </td> <td><span title="Serbo-Croatian-language text"><i lang="sh">Teheran je glavni i najveći grad Irana, sjedište Teheranske pokrajine i jedan od najvećih gradova svijeta.</i></span> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Serbo-Croatian (Cyrillic): </td> <td><span title="Serbo-Croatian-language text"><span lang="sh-Cyrl">Техеран је главни и највећи град Ирана, сједиште Техеранске покрајине и један од највећих градова свијета.</span></span> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>English: </td> <td><i>Tehran is the capital and largest city of Iran, capital of Tehran Province and one of the largest cities in the world.</i> </td> <td> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Arebica&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aljamiado" title="Aljamiado">Aljamiado</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sevdah" class="mw-redirect" title="Sevdah">Sevdah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Belarusian_Arabic_alphabet" title="Belarusian Arabic alphabet">Belarusian Arabic alphabet</a>, another script used by Slavic-speaking Muslims</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chirvat-t%C3%BCrkisi" title="Chirvat-türkisi">Chirvat-türkisi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gaj%27s_Latin_alphabet" title="Gaj's Latin alphabet">Gaj's Latin alphabet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muhamed_Hevaji_Uskufi_Bosnevi" title="Muhamed Hevaji Uskufi Bosnevi">Muhamed Hevaji Uskufi Bosnevi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Arabic_alphabets" title="Category:Arabic alphabets">Category:Arabic alphabets</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Arebica&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.isa-sari.com/osmanlica/?id=en">Ottoman Turkish / Arabic keyboard (including Bosnian characters)</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20151123221255/https://sites.google.com/site/nasaarabica/udhr">UDHR in Arebica (Bosnian)</a></li> <li>Adnan Tufekčić, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.spiritofbosnia.org/current-issue/arebica-in-bosnia-short-notes-and-one-review-from-the-treasury-of-bosnian-authentic-syncretism/">Arebica in Bosnia – Short Notes and One Review: From the Treasury of Bosnian Authentic Syncretism</a>, <i>Spirit of Bosnia</i> No 15 (04), 2020</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Footnotes">Footnotes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Arebica&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Footnotes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEFidahić202029-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFidahić202029_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFidahić202029_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFFidahić2020">Fidahić 2020</a>, p. 29.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEMønnesland2012137-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMønnesland2012137_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMønnesland2012137_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFMønnesland2012">Mønnesland 2012</a>, p. 137.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://bastinaobjave.com/otvoreni-defter/predgovor-knjige-epohe-fonetske-misli-kod-arapa-i-arebica">Foreword</a> to "The Age of Phonetic Thought of Arabs and Arebica" by Aldin Mustafić</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFSelvelli2015" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Selvelli, Giustina (2015). "Caratteri arabi per la lingua bosniaca. Esempi di scrittura fra influssi ottomani e riappropriazioni locali" [Arabic Characters for the Bosnian Language. Writing Examples Between Ottoman Influences and Local Reappropriations]. In Baglioni, Daniele; Tribulato, Olga (eds.). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.academia.edu/23189928"><i>Contatti di lingue - Contatti di scritture</i></a> [<i>Language contact - writing contact</i>] (in Italian). Venezia: Fondazione Università Ca' Foscari. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9788869690617" title="Special:BookSources/9788869690617"><bdi>9788869690617</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Caratteri+arabi+per+la+lingua+bosniaca.+Esempi+di+scrittura+fra+influssi+ottomani+e+riappropriazioni+locali&rft.btitle=Contatti+di+lingue+-+Contatti+di+scritture&rft.place=Venezia&rft.pub=Fondazione+Universit%C3%A0+Ca%27+Foscari&rft.date=2015&rft.isbn=9788869690617&rft.aulast=Selvelli&rft.aufirst=Giustina&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.academia.edu%2F23189928&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AArebica" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bibliography">Bibliography</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Arebica&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Bibliography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239549316"><div class="refbegin" style=""> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFidahić2020" class="citation book cs1">Fidahić, Besmir (2020). <i>Linguistic Justice at the International Criminal Tribunal for the Former Yugoslavia</i>. Newcastle upon Tyne: Cambridge Scholars Publishing. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781527562691" title="Special:BookSources/9781527562691"><bdi>9781527562691</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Linguistic+Justice+at+the+International+Criminal+Tribunal+for+the+Former+Yugoslavia&rft.place=Newcastle+upon+Tyne&rft.pub=Cambridge+Scholars+Publishing&rft.date=2020&rft.isbn=9781527562691&rft.aulast=Fidahi%C4%87&rft.aufirst=Besmir&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AArebica" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMønnesland2012" class="citation book cs1">Mønnesland, Svein (2012). "Language Policy in Bosnia and Herzegovina". In Koskensalo, Annikki; Smeds, John; De Cillia, Rudolf; Huguet, Angel (eds.). <i>Language: Competence, Change, Contact</i>. Münster: Lit Verlag. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9783643108012" title="Special:BookSources/9783643108012"><bdi>9783643108012</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Language+Policy+in+Bosnia+and+Herzegovina&rft.btitle=Language%3A+Competence%2C+Change%2C+Contact&rft.place=M%C3%BCnster&rft.pub=Lit+Verlag&rft.date=2012&rft.isbn=9783643108012&rft.aulast=M%C3%B8nnesland&rft.aufirst=Svein&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AArebica" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> </div> <ul><li><i>Enciklopedija leksikografskog zavoda</i>, entry: <i>Arabica</i>. Jugoslavenski leksikografski zavod, Zagreb, 1966</li> <li>Online Text Converter from Latin or Cyrillic to Arebica Script, Language institute of the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Sarajevo" title="University of Sarajevo">University of Sarajevo</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.e-bosanski.ba/konverter-pisama/bosanska-arebica/">https://www.e-bosanski.ba/konverter-pisama/bosanska-arebica/</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output 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.navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Arabic_alphabets" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Arabic_script" title="Template:Arabic script"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Arabic_script" title="Template talk:Arabic script"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Arabic_script" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Arabic script"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Arabic_alphabets" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Arabic_script" title="Arabic script">Arabic alphabets</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Europe</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Elifba_alphabet" title="Elifba alphabet">Albanian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aljamiado" title="Aljamiado">Aljamiado</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Avar_language#Writing_systems" title="Avar language">Avar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Azerbaijani_alphabet" title="Azerbaijani alphabet">Azerbaijani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Belarusian_Arabic_alphabet" title="Belarusian Arabic alphabet">Belarusian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chechen_language#Alphabets" title="Chechen language">Chechen</a></li> <li>Circassian <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Adyghe_language#Other_writing_systems" title="Adyghe language">Adyghe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kabardian_language#Orthography" title="Kabardian language">Kabardian</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crimean_Tatar_alphabet" title="Crimean Tatar alphabet">Crimean Tatar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dobrujan_Tatar_alphabet" title="Dobrujan Tatar alphabet">Dobrujan Tatar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greek_Aljamiado" title="Greek Aljamiado">Greek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karachay-Balkar" title="Karachay-Balkar">Karachay-Balkar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kazakh_alphabets" title="Kazakh alphabets">Kazakh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kumyk_language" title="Kumyk language">Kumyk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lak_language#Writing_Comparison_Table" title="Lak language">Lak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ottoman_Turkish_alphabet" title="Ottoman Turkish alphabet">Ottoman Turkish</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Serbo-Croatian</a></li> <li>Tatar (<a href="/wiki/%C4%B0ske_iml%C3%A2_alphabet" title="İske imlâ alphabet">İske imlâ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ya%C3%B1a_iml%C3%A2_alphabet" title="Yaña imlâ alphabet">Yaña imlâ</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Asia</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arabic_alphabet" title="Arabic alphabet">Arabic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Azerbaijani_alphabet" title="Azerbaijani alphabet">Azerbaijani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Balochi_Standard_Alphabet" title="Balochi Standard Alphabet">Balochi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Buri_Wolio" title="Buri Wolio">Buri Wolio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Burushaski#Writing_system" title="Burushaski">Burushaski</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cham_Jawi" title="Cham Jawi">Cham Jawi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jawi_script" title="Jawi script">Jawi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kashmiri_language#Writing_system" title="Kashmiri language">Kashmiri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kazakh_alphabets" title="Kazakh alphabets">Kazakh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khowar_alphabet" title="Khowar alphabet">Khowar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kurdish_alphabets" title="Kurdish alphabets">Kurdish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kyrgyz_alphabets" title="Kyrgyz alphabets">Kyrgyz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arabi_Malayalam_script" title="Arabi Malayalam script">Malayalam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ottoman_Turkish_alphabet" title="Ottoman Turkish alphabet">Ottoman Turkish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marwari_language" title="Marwari language">Marwari (Rajasthani)</a></li> <li>Pamir (<a href="/wiki/Munji_language" title="Munji language">Munjani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sarikoli_language" title="Sarikoli language">Sarikoli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shughni_language" title="Shughni language">Shughni</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wakhi_language" title="Wakhi language">Wakhi</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parkari_Koli_language" title="Parkari Koli language">Parkari</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pashto_alphabet" title="Pashto alphabet">Pashto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pegon_script" title="Pegon script">Pegon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Persian_alphabet" title="Persian alphabet">Persian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rohingya_Arabic_Alphabet" title="Rohingya Arabic Alphabet">Rohingya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saraiki_alphabet" title="Saraiki alphabet">Saraiki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sindhi_language#Writing_system" title="Sindhi language">Sindhi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shahmukhi" title="Shahmukhi">Shahmukhi</a></li> <li>Shina <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Shina_language#Orthography" title="Shina language">Gilgiti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kohistani_Shina#Alphabet" title="Kohistani Shina">Kohistani</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tausug_language" title="Tausug language">Sulat Sug</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arwi" title="Arwi">Tamil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Torwali_language#Alphabet" title="Torwali language">Torwali</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turkmen_alphabet" title="Turkmen alphabet">Turkmen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Urdu_alphabet" title="Urdu alphabet">Urdu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uyghur_Arabic_alphabet" title="Uyghur Arabic alphabet">Uyghur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uzbek_alphabet" title="Uzbek alphabet">Uzbek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xiao%27erjing" title="Xiao'erjing">Xiao'erjing</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Africa</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arabic_Afrikaans" title="Arabic Afrikaans">Afrikaans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Berber_Arabic_alphabet" title="Berber Arabic alphabet">Berber</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comorian_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Comorian language">Comorain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fula_alphabets" title="Fula alphabets">Fula Ajami</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Adamawa_Fulfulde#Orthography" title="Adamawa Fulfulde">Adamawa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bagirmi_Fulfulde#Orthography" title="Bagirmi Fulfulde">Bagirmi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nigerian_Fulfulde" title="Nigerian Fulfulde">Nigeria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pular_language#Writing" title="Pular language">Fuuta Jalon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pulaar_language#Orthography" title="Pulaar language">Fuuta Tooro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maasina_Fulfulde#Orthography" title="Maasina Fulfulde">Maasina</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bushi_language" title="Bushi language">Kibushi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hausa_Ajami" title="Hausa Ajami">Hausa Ajami</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kanembu_language" title="Kanembu language">Kanembu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maba_language" title="Maba language">Maba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Serer_language#Writing_system" title="Serer language">Serer Ajami</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maore_dialect" title="Maore dialect">Shimaore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Songhay_languages" title="Songhay languages">Songhay</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Humburi_Senni_language" title="Humburi Senni language">Humburi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Koyra_Chiini_language" title="Koyra Chiini language">Koyra Chiini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Koyraboro_Senni" title="Koyraboro Senni">Koyraboro Senni</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zarma_language" title="Zarma language">Zarma</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sorabe_alphabet" title="Sorabe alphabet">Sorabe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tuareg_languages" title="Tuareg languages">Tuareg</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Air_Tamajeq_language" title="Air Tamajeq language">Air Tamajeq</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tawellemmet_language" title="Tawellemmet language">Tawellemmet</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swahili_Ajami" title="Swahili Ajami">Swahili Ajami</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wadaad%27s_writing" title="Wadaad's writing">Wadaad's</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Somali_language" title="Somali language">Somali</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wolofal_alphabet" title="Wolofal alphabet">Wolof</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anjemi" title="Anjemi">Yoruba</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow hlist" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" 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