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class="vector-toc-link" href="#Exemples_de_codes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Exemples de codes</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Exemples_de_codes-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Afficher / masquer la sous-section Exemples de codes</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Exemples_de_codes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Codes_généraux" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Codes_généraux"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Codes généraux</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Codes_généraux-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Codes_correcteurs" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Codes_correcteurs"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>Codes correcteurs</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Codes_correcteurs-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Codes_secrets" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Codes_secrets"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3</span> <span>Codes secrets</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Codes_secrets-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-En_informatique" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#En_informatique"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.4</span> <span>En informatique</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-En_informatique-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Code_de_sécurité" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Code_de_sécurité"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.5</span> <span>Code de sécurité</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Code_de_sécurité-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notes_et_références" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes_et_références"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Notes et références</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notes_et_références-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Annexes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Annexes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Annexes</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Annexes-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Afficher / masquer la sous-section Annexes</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Annexes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Articles_connexes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Articles_connexes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>Articles connexes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Articles_connexes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Liens_externes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Liens_externes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2</span> <span>Liens externes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Liens_externes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bibliographie" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bibliographie"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.3</span> <span>Bibliographie</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bibliographie-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Sommaire" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Table des matières" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Basculer la table des matières" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Basculer la table des matières</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Code (information)</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Aller à un article dans une autre langue. Disponible en 67 langues." > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-67" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">67 langues</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kode" title="Kode – afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Kode" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%D8%B1%D9%85%D9%8A%D8%B2" title="ترميز – arabe" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="ترميز" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="arabe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kod" title="Kod – azerbaïdjanais" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Kod" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="azerbaïdjanais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kodigo" title="Kodigo – Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="Kodigo" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Central Bikol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bikol Central</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%B4" title="Код – biélorusse" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Код" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="biélorusse" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%B4" title="Код – bulgare" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Код" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="bulgare" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%82%E0%A6%95%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%A4_(%E0%A6%A4%E0%A6%A5%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AF_%E0%A6%AA%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%95%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%9C%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A4%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%A3)" title="সংকেত (তথ্য প্রক্রিয়াজাতকরণ) – bengali" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="সংকেত (তথ্য প্রক্রিয়াজাতকরণ)" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="bengali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kod" title="Kod – bosniaque" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Kod" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="bosniaque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Codi" title="Codi – catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Codi" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%DB%86%D8%AF" title="کۆد – sorani" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="کۆد" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="sorani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/K%C3%B3d" title="Kód – tchèque" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Kód" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="tchèque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kode" title="Kode – danois" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Kode" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="danois" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Code" title="Code – allemand" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Code" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="allemand" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%9A%CF%8E%CE%B4%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%B1%CF%82_(%CE%B5%CF%80%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%BF%CE%B9%CE%BD%CF%89%CE%BD%CE%AF%CE%B1)" title="Κώδικας (επικοινωνία) – grec" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Κώδικας (επικοινωνία)" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="grec" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Code" title="Code – anglais" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Code" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="anglais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kodo" title="Kodo – espéranto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Kodo" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="espéranto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kood" title="Kood – estonien" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Kood" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="estonien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kode" title="Kode – basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Kode" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%D8%AF" title="کد – persan" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="کد" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="persan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Koodi" title="Koodi – finnois" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Koodi" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="finnois" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fj mw-list-item"><a href="https://fj.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nabavuni" title="Nabavuni – fidjien" lang="fj" hreflang="fj" data-title="Nabavuni" data-language-autonym="Na Vosa Vakaviti" data-language-local-name="fidjien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Na Vosa Vakaviti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/C%C3%B3d" title="Cód – irlandais" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Cód" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="irlandais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A7%D7%95%D7%93" title="קוד – hébreu" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="קוד" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="hébreu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kod" title="Kod – croate" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Kod" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="croate" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/K%C3%B3d_(informatika)" title="Kód (informatika) – hongrois" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Kód (informatika)" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="hongrois" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%BF%D5%B8%D5%A4" title="Կոդ – arménien" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Կոդ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="arménien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kode" title="Kode – indonésien" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Kode" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indonésien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Codice_(teoria_dell%27informazione)" title="Codice (teoria dell'informazione) – italien" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Codice (teoria dell'informazione)" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="italien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%AC%A6%E5%8F%B7" title="符号 – japonais" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="符号" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japonais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kcg mw-list-item"><a href="https://kcg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zwunzwuo-a%CC%B1muup" title="Zwunzwuo-a̱muup – tyap" lang="kcg" hreflang="kcg" data-title="Zwunzwuo-a̱muup" data-language-autonym="Tyap" data-language-local-name="tyap" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tyap</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%B4" title="Код – kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Код" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%B6%80%ED%98%B8_(%EC%A0%95%EB%B3%B4)" title="부호 (정보) – coréen" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="부호 (정보)" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="coréen" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%B4" title="Код – kirghize" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Код" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="kirghize" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Codex_(semiotica)" title="Codex (semiotica) – latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Codex (semiotica)" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%8B%E0%B4%A1%E0%B5%8D" title="കോഡ് – malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="കോഡ്" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Code_(representatie_van_gegevens)" title="Code (representatie van gegevens) – néerlandais" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Code (representatie van gegevens)" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="néerlandais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kode" title="Kode – norvégien nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Kode" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="norvégien nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kode" title="Kode – norvégien bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Kode" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="norvégien bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%95%E0%A9%8B%E0%A8%A1" title="ਕੋਡ – pendjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਕੋਡ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="pendjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kod" title="Kod – polonais" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Kod" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="polonais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%D9%88%DA%88" title="کوڈ – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="کوڈ" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Codifica%C3%A7%C3%A3o" title="Codificação – portugais" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Codificação" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cod" title="Cod – roumain" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Cod" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="roumain" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%B4" title="Код – russe" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Код" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="russe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kod" title="Kod – serbo-croate" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Kod" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="serbo-croate" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Code" title="Code – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Code" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/K%C3%B3d_(informatika)" title="Kód (informatika) – slovaque" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Kód (informatika)" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="slovaque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Koda" title="Koda – slovène" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Koda" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="slovène" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kodi" title="Kodi – albanais" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Kodi" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="albanais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%B4" title="Код – serbe" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Код" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="serbe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kodning" title="Kodning – suédois" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Kodning" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="suédois" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Usimbaji" title="Usimbaji – swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Usimbaji" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%B1%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%AF%E0%AF%80%E0%AE%9F%E0%AF%81" title="குறியீடு – tamoul" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="குறியீடு" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="tamoul" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%95%E0%B1%8B%E0%B0%A1%E0%B1%8D" title="కోడ్ – télougou" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="కోడ్" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="télougou" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%AA" title="รหัส – thaï" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="รหัส" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="thaï" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kodigo" title="Kodigo – tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Kodigo" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kod" title="Kod – turc" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Kod" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="turc" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-udm mw-list-item"><a href="https://udm.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%B4" title="Код – oudmourte" lang="udm" hreflang="udm" data-title="Код" data-language-autonym="Удмурт" data-language-local-name="oudmourte" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Удмурт</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%B4" title="Код – ukrainien" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Код" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ukrainien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B1%D9%85%D8%B2" title="رمز – ourdou" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="رمز" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="ourdou" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kod" title="Kod – ouzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Kod" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="ouzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%C3%A3_hi%E1%BB%87u" title="Mã hiệu – vietnamien" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Mã hiệu" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="vietnamien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%BB%A3%E7%A0%81" title="代码 – wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="代码" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%BB%A3%E7%A0%81" title="代码 – chinois" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="代码" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="chinois" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/H%C3%BB-m%C3%A1" title="Hû-má – minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Hû-má" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%B7%A8%E7%A2%BC" title="編碼 – cantonais" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="編碼" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="cantonais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zu mw-list-item"><a href="https://zu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inguqukezo" title="Inguqukezo – zoulou" lang="zu" hreflang="zu" data-title="Inguqukezo" data-language-autonym="IsiZulu" data-language-local-name="zoulou" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>IsiZulu</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q188889#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Modifier les liens interlangues" class="wbc-editpage">Modifier les liens</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav 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class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">masquer</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="Plus d’options" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Actions </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Code_(information)"><span>Lire</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-ve-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Code_(information)&veaction=edit" title="Modifier cette page [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Modifier</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="collapsible vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Code_(information)&action=edit" title="Modifier le wikicode de cette page [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Modifier le code</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Code_(information)&action=history"><span>Voir l’historique</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Général </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Sp%C3%A9cial:Pages_li%C3%A9es/Code_(information)" title="Liste des pages liées qui pointent sur celle-ci [j]" accesskey="j"><span>Pages liées</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Sp%C3%A9cial:Suivi_des_liens/Code_(information)" rel="nofollow" title="Liste des modifications récentes des pages appelées par celle-ci [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Suivi des pages liées</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aide:Importer_un_fichier" title="Téléverser des fichiers [u]" accesskey="u"><span>Téléverser un fichier</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Code_(information)&oldid=222477047" title="Adresse permanente de cette version de cette page"><span>Lien permanent</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Code_(information)&action=info" title="Davantage d’informations sur cette page"><span>Informations sur la page</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sp%C3%A9cial:Citer&page=Code_%28information%29&id=222477047&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Informations sur la manière de citer cette page"><span>Citer cette page</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sp%C3%A9cial:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FCode_%28information%29"><span>Obtenir l'URL raccourcie</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sp%C3%A9cial:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FCode_%28information%29"><span>Télécharger le code QR</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Imprimer / exporter </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-create_a_book" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sp%C3%A9cial:Livre&bookcmd=book_creator&referer=Code+%28information%29"><span>Créer un livre</span></a></li><li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sp%C3%A9cial:DownloadAsPdf&page=Code_%28information%29&action=show-download-screen"><span>Télécharger comme PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Code_(information)&printable=yes" title="Version imprimable de cette page [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Version imprimable</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Dans d’autres projets </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Coding" hreflang="en"><span>Wikimedia Commons</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q188889" title="Lien vers l’élément dans le dépôt de données connecté [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Élément Wikidata</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Outils de la page"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Apparence"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Apparence</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">déplacer vers la barre latérale</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">masquer</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Un article de Wikipédia, l'encyclopédie libre.</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="fr" dir="ltr"><div class="bandeau-container metadata homonymie hatnote"><div class="bandeau-cell bandeau-icone" style="display:table-cell;padding-right:0.5em"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Aide:Homonymie" title="Aide:Homonymie"><img alt="Page d’aide sur l’homonymie" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Logo_disambig.svg/20px-Logo_disambig.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Logo_disambig.svg/30px-Logo_disambig.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Logo_disambig.svg/40px-Logo_disambig.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="375" /></a></span></div><div class="bandeau-cell" style="display:table-cell;padding-right:0.5em"> <p>Pour les articles homonymes, voir <a href="/wiki/Code" class="mw-disambig" title="Code">Code</a>. </p> </div></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:International_Morse_Code-fr.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/International_Morse_Code-fr.svg/250px-International_Morse_Code-fr.svg.png" decoding="async" width="170" height="219" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/International_Morse_Code-fr.svg/330px-International_Morse_Code-fr.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/International_Morse_Code-fr.svg/340px-International_Morse_Code-fr.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="450" data-file-height="580" /></a><figcaption>Code morse international.</figcaption></figure> <p>En sciences et techniques, notamment en <a href="/wiki/Informatique" title="Informatique">informatique</a> et en <a href="/wiki/Th%C3%A9orie_de_l%27information" title="Théorie de l'information">théorie de l'information</a>, un <b>code</b> est une règle de transcription qui, à tout symbole d'un jeu de caractères (alphabet source) assigne de manière univoque un caractère ou une <a href="/wiki/Cha%C3%AEne_de_caract%C3%A8res" title="Chaîne de caractères">chaîne de caractères</a> pris dans un jeu de caractères éventuellement différent (alphabet cible). Un exemple est le <a href="/wiki/Morse_(alphabet)" class="mw-redirect" title="Morse (alphabet)">code morse</a> qui établit une relation entre <a href="/wiki/Lettre_(alphabet)" title="Lettre (alphabet)">lettres</a> de l'alphabet latin et des séquences de sons courts et longs. </p><p>En <a href="/wiki/Sciences_de_la_communication" class="mw-redirect" title="Sciences de la communication">sciences de la communication</a>, un code au sens le plus large fait référence à un <a href="/wiki/Langage" title="Langage">langage</a>. Toute communication est basée sur l'échange d'informations engendrées par un émetteur selon un code spécifique et que le destinataire interprète selon le même code. </p><p>Les <a href="/wiki/Transmission_de_donn%C3%A9es" title="Transmission de données">données transmises</a> ou conservées électroniquement consistent en une longue série de zéros et de uns (les <a href="/wiki/Bit" title="Bit">bits</a>) dont la combinaison définit nombres, symboles ou (par exemple, <code>11000001</code> = 'A'). Ce sont des <a href="/wiki/Codage_des_caract%C3%A8res" title="Codage des caractères">codages de caractères</a>. Dans un autre code, la même combinaison de bits pourrait signifier le nombre 193. D'autres types de <a href="/wiki/Donn%C3%A9e" title="Donnée">données</a> aussi, par exemple, les séquences des <a href="/wiki/Base_azot%C3%A9e" title="Base azotée">bases nucléiques</a> dans les brins d'<a href="/wiki/Acide_d%C3%A9soxyribonucl%C3%A9ique" title="Acide désoxyribonucléique">ADN</a> sont exprimés par des codes. </p><p>En <a href="/wiki/Th%C3%A9orie_des_codes" title="Théorie des codes">théorie des codes</a> on appelle les éléments composant un code les « mots du code » ; les symboles qui composent les mots du code sont pris dans un <a href="/wiki/Alphabet" title="Alphabet">alphabet</a> (l'alphabet cible). On distingue l'alphabet source, sur lequel est formé le texte en clair, de l'alphabet cible, dans lequel est exprimé le texte codé. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Définition"><span id="D.C3.A9finition"></span>Définition</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Code_(information)&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Modifier la section : Définition" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Code_(information)&action=edit&section=1" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Définition"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Un codage d'un <a href="/wiki/Alphabet" title="Alphabet">alphabet</a> <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle A}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>A</mi> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle A}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/7daff47fa58cdfd29dc333def748ff5fa4c923e3" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:1.743ex; height:2.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle A}" /></span> dans les mots d'un alphabet <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle B}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>B</mi> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle B}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/47136aad860d145f75f3eed3022df827cee94d7a" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:1.764ex; height:2.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle B}" /></span> est une <a href="/wiki/Fonction_(math%C3%A9matiques)" title="Fonction (mathématiques)">fonction</a> <a href="/wiki/Injection_(math%C3%A9matiques)" title="Injection (mathématiques)">injective</a> </p> <dl><dd><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle c\colon A\rightarrow B^{+}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>c</mi> <mo>:</mo> <mi>A</mi> <mo stretchy="false">→</mo> <msup> <mi>B</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mo>+</mo> </mrow> </msup> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle c\colon A\rightarrow B^{+}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/0f30b5176e2a80d37df59f2192fc0fd609d6b682" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:10.673ex; height:2.509ex;" alt="{\displaystyle c\colon A\rightarrow B^{+}}" /></span></dd></dl> <p>qui, à chaque symbole de l'alphabet <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle A}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>A</mi> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle A}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/7daff47fa58cdfd29dc333def748ff5fa4c923e3" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:1.743ex; height:2.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle A}" /></span>, associe un <a href="/wiki/Mot_(math%C3%A9matiques)" title="Mot (mathématiques)">mot</a> non vide sur l'alphabet <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle B}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>B</mi> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle B}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/47136aad860d145f75f3eed3022df827cee94d7a" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:1.764ex; height:2.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle B}" /></span>. L'ensemble <a href="/wiki/Image_(math%C3%A9matiques)" title="Image (mathématiques)">image</a> <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle c(A)}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>c</mi> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>A</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle c(A)}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/567fe8778d48f5a94d6ac7545e3547e9cef82525" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.838ex; width:4.559ex; height:2.843ex;" alt="{\displaystyle c(A)}" /></span> est le code, et ses éléments sont des mots du code. L'application <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle c}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>c</mi> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle c}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/86a67b81c2de995bd608d5b2df50cd8cd7d92455" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:1.007ex; height:1.676ex;" alt="{\displaystyle c}" /></span> est étendue en un morphisme de demi-groupe, encore notée <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle c}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>c</mi> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle c}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/86a67b81c2de995bd608d5b2df50cd8cd7d92455" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:1.007ex; height:1.676ex;" alt="{\displaystyle c}" /></span>, de <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle A^{+}\to B^{+}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <msup> <mi>A</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mo>+</mo> </mrow> </msup> <mo stretchy="false">→</mo> <msup> <mi>B</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mo>+</mo> </mrow> </msup> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle A^{+}\to B^{+}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/382916bc6e8ad7f2f3794163b66733291f6ff2e3" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:10.143ex; height:2.509ex;" alt="{\displaystyle A^{+}\to B^{+}}" /></span> défini par </p> <dl><dd><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle c(a_{1}\cdots a_{n})=c(a_{1})\cdots c(a_{n})}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>c</mi> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <msub> <mi>a</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>1</mn> </mrow> </msub> <mo>⋯</mo> <msub> <mi>a</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi>n</mi> </mrow> </msub> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> <mo>=</mo> <mi>c</mi> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <msub> <mi>a</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>1</mn> </mrow> </msub> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> <mo>⋯</mo> <mi>c</mi> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <msub> <mi>a</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi>n</mi> </mrow> </msub> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle c(a_{1}\cdots a_{n})=c(a_{1})\cdots c(a_{n})}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/cb846a21b0f257a5d6e54776949f99b39fc491f2" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.838ex; width:28.006ex; height:2.843ex;" alt="{\displaystyle c(a_{1}\cdots a_{n})=c(a_{1})\cdots c(a_{n})}" /></span>,</dd></dl> <p>où <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle a_{1}\cdots a_{n}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <msub> <mi>a</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>1</mn> </mrow> </msub> <mo>⋯</mo> <msub> <mi>a</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi>n</mi> </mrow> </msub> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle a_{1}\cdots a_{n}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/151e635e1536dbc318f73d20a856b6c4cdce6c7b" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.671ex; width:8.23ex; height:2.009ex;" alt="{\displaystyle a_{1}\cdots a_{n}}" /></span> est un mot sur <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle A}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>A</mi> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle A}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/7daff47fa58cdfd29dc333def748ff5fa4c923e3" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:1.743ex; height:2.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle A}" /></span>. Un code <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle c(A)}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>c</mi> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>A</mi> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle c(A)}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/567fe8778d48f5a94d6ac7545e3547e9cef82525" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.838ex; width:4.559ex; height:2.843ex;" alt="{\displaystyle c(A)}" /></span> est à déchiffrage unique si l'extension de c à <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle A^{+}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <msup> <mi>A</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mo>+</mo> </mrow> </msup> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle A^{+}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/b380a5ff4e2d7d22a0dc1aea46e7ecba61f95fe6" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:3.254ex; height:2.509ex;" alt="{\displaystyle A^{+}}" /></span> est injective, donc si </p> <dl><dd><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle c(a_{1}\cdots a_{n})=c(b_{1}\cdots b_{m})}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>c</mi> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <msub> <mi>a</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>1</mn> </mrow> </msub> <mo>⋯</mo> <msub> <mi>a</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi>n</mi> </mrow> </msub> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> <mo>=</mo> <mi>c</mi> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <msub> <mi>b</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>1</mn> </mrow> </msub> <mo>⋯</mo> <msub> <mi>b</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi>m</mi> </mrow> </msub> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle c(a_{1}\cdots a_{n})=c(b_{1}\cdots b_{m})}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/933e9f7e079634902c35d70339e60e0d49663cf6" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.838ex; width:25.182ex; height:2.843ex;" alt="{\displaystyle c(a_{1}\cdots a_{n})=c(b_{1}\cdots b_{m})}" /></span></dd></dl> <p>implique <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle n=m}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>n</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mi>m</mi> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle n=m}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/480d6131c6cb07a90f4ec18a376a59fab884b860" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:6.534ex; height:1.676ex;" alt="{\displaystyle n=m}" /></span> et <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle a_{i}=b_{i}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <msub> <mi>a</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi>i</mi> </mrow> </msub> <mo>=</mo> <msub> <mi>b</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi>i</mi> </mrow> </msub> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle a_{i}=b_{i}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/a8ffc561d84a9109ad575a99e21d404a747ba04c" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.671ex; width:6.925ex; height:2.509ex;" alt="{\displaystyle a_{i}=b_{i}}" /></span> pour tout <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle i}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>i</mi> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle i}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/add78d8608ad86e54951b8c8bd6c8d8416533d20" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:0.802ex; height:2.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle i}" /></span>. Un code est <a href="/wiki/Code_pr%C3%A9fixe" title="Code préfixe">préfixe</a> ou à décodage instantané si aucun mot du code n'est préfixe d'un autre mot du code. Tout code préfixe est à déchiffrage unique, la réciproque est fausse. Dans la littérature française en théorie mathématique des codes, un « code » est souvent synonyme de « code à déchiffrage unique ». Le codage d'un texte est, dans cette formulation, le plus simplement la succession des codages des lettres qui le composent, indépendamment d'une éventuelle interaction entre elles ; en <a href="/wiki/Cryptographie" title="Cryptographie">cryptographie</a> ou en <a href="/wiki/Compression_de_donn%C3%A9es" title="Compression de données">compression de données</a>, la succession des symboles dans le texte source est elle-même une composante du traitement. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Exemples_de_codes">Exemples de codes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Code_(information)&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Modifier la section : Exemples de codes" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Code_(information)&action=edit&section=2" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Exemples de codes"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Codes_généraux"><span id="Codes_g.C3.A9n.C3.A9raux"></span>Codes généraux</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Code_(information)&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Modifier la section : Codes généraux" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Code_(information)&action=edit&section=3" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Codes généraux"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>En <a href="/wiki/Biologie" title="Biologie">biologie</a>, le <a href="/wiki/Code_g%C3%A9n%C3%A9tique" title="Code génétique">code génétique</a> est une règle qui détermine, pendant la <a href="/wiki/Biosynth%C3%A8se_des_prot%C3%A9ines" title="Biosynthèse des protéines">biosynthèse des protéines</a>, la traduction des informations des <a href="/wiki/Acide_d%C3%A9soxyribonucl%C3%A9ique" title="Acide désoxyribonucléique">ADN</a> respectivement <a href="/wiki/Acide_ribonucl%C3%A9ique" title="Acide ribonucléique">ARN</a> en séquence d'<a href="/wiki/Acide_amin%C3%A9" title="Acide aminé">acides aminés</a> ;</li> <li>dans le <a href="/wiki/Trafic_a%C3%A9rien" class="mw-redirect" title="Trafic aérien">trafic aérien</a> on utilise les codes <a href="/wiki/IATA" class="mw-redirect" title="IATA">IATA</a> et <a href="/wiki/ICAO" class="mw-redirect" title="ICAO">ICAO</a> ;</li> <li>pour le codage des sons on utilise le <a href="/wiki/Code_DTMF" title="Code DTMF">code DTMF</a> ;</li> <li>dans le commerce et l'industrie ou en on <a href="/wiki/Logistique" title="Logistique">logistique</a> on utilise divers type de <a href="/wiki/Code-barres" title="Code-barres">code-barres</a> ; des variantes plus complexes sont de codes bidimensionnels comme les <span class="nowrap">z. B</span>. der <a href="/wiki/Code_QR" title="Code QR">codes QR</a> ;</li> <li>en <a href="/wiki/M%C3%A9decine" title="Médecine">médecine</a> les maladies sont codées dans la <a href="/wiki/Classification_internationale_des_maladies" title="Classification internationale des maladies">classification internationale des maladies</a> ;</li> <li>en traitement ou conservation d'images, les informations sur les couleurs sont codées selon divers modèles, comme le modèle <a href="/wiki/YUV" title="YUV">YUV</a>.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Codes_correcteurs">Codes correcteurs</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Code_(information)&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Modifier la section : Codes correcteurs" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Code_(information)&action=edit&section=4" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Codes correcteurs"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="bandeau-container bandeau-section metadata bandeau-niveau-information"><div class="bandeau-cell bandeau-icone-css loupe">Article détaillé : <a href="/wiki/Code_correcteur" title="Code correcteur">Code correcteur</a>.</div></div> <ul><li>Le code <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">International Standard Book Number</a> (ISBN) sert à l’identification de livres, dans ce code, le dernier symbole sert à vérifier que le code est correctement formé ; en ce sens, c'est un <a href="/wiki/Code_correcteur" title="Code correcteur">code reconnaissant d'erreurs</a> ;</li> <li>de même nature, le <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Serial_Number" title="International Standard Serial Number">International Standard Serial Number</a> (ISSN) qui sert à identifier les publications périodiques, est un code correcteur ;</li> <li>il en est de même du <a href="/wiki/Code-barres_EAN" title="Code-barres EAN">code-barres EAN</a> ;</li> <li>le <a href="/wiki/Codage_de_canal" class="mw-redirect" title="Codage de canal">codage de canal</a> permet une représentation des données de façon à être résistant aux erreurs de transmission.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Codes_secrets">Codes secrets</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Code_(information)&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Modifier la section : Codes secrets" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Code_(information)&action=edit&section=5" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Codes secrets"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Le <a href="/wiki/Chiffrement_par_substitution" title="Chiffrement par substitution">chiffrement par substitution</a> consiste à remplacer des lettres par des lettres. C'est l'un de procédé de codage le plus rudimentaire. Des procédés de <a href="/wiki/Chiffrement" title="Chiffrement">chiffrement</a> plus complexes sont fréquemment appelés codes <a href="/wiki/Cryptographie" title="Cryptographie">cryptographiques</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="En_informatique">En informatique</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Code_(information)&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Modifier la section : En informatique" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Code_(information)&action=edit&section=6" title="Modifier le code source de la section : En informatique"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>En programmation, le code ASCII <i>(<a href="/wiki/American_Standard_Code_for_Information_Interchange" title="American Standard Code for Information Interchange">American Standard Code for Information Interchange</a>)</i> sert à la représentation des <a href="/wiki/Lettre_(alphabet)" title="Lettre (alphabet)">lettres</a>, <a href="/wiki/Chiffre" title="Chiffre">chiffres</a> et symboles de <a href="/wiki/Ponctuation" title="Ponctuation">ponctuation</a> par des suites de <a href="/wiki/Bit" title="Bit">bits</a>. Le standard <a href="/wiki/Unicode" title="Unicode">Unicode</a> a étendu ce code à pratiquement tous les systèmes de signes ;</li> <li>le <a href="/wiki/Code_source" title="Code source">code source</a> d'un programme, expression d'un <a href="/wiki/Algorithme" title="Algorithme">algorithme</a> dans la syntaxe d'un certain <a href="/wiki/Langage_de_programmation" title="Langage de programmation">langage de programmation</a>, est traduit, par un <a href="/wiki/Compilateur" title="Compilateur">compilateur</a>, en un autre langage. Le compilateur peut procéder en plusieurs étapes, d'abord par une traduction en <a href="/wiki/Langage_interm%C3%A9diaire" title="Langage intermédiaire">langage intermédiaire</a> et enfin en <a href="/wiki/Langage_machine" title="Langage machine">langage machine</a> ; ici, le terme « code » intervient à divers niveaux avec des significations différente ;</li> <li>en transmission des données, on utilise le <a href="/wiki/Codage_en_ligne" title="Codage en ligne">codage en ligne</a> ;</li> <li>le <a href="/wiki/Codage_de_source" class="mw-redirect" title="Codage de source">codage de source</a> est un autre nom pour la <a href="/wiki/Compression_de_donn%C3%A9es" title="Compression de données">compression de données</a> ;</li> <li>sur internet, on rencontre le <i><a href="/wiki/Geek_code" title="Geek code">Geek code</a></i>, un code dans la communauté des geek.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Code_de_sécurité"><span id="Code_de_s.C3.A9curit.C3.A9"></span>Code de sécurité</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Code_(information)&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Modifier la section : Code de sécurité" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Code_(information)&action=edit&section=7" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Code de sécurité"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Un <a href="/wiki/Code_de_s%C3%A9curit%C3%A9" class="mw-redirect" title="Code de sécurité">code de sécurité</a> est un code pour des fins d'identification ou d'authentification </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes_et_références"><span id="Notes_et_r.C3.A9f.C3.A9rences"></span>Notes et références</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Code_(information)&veaction=edit&section=8" title="Modifier la section : Notes et références" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Code_(information)&action=edit&section=8" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Notes et références"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><abbr class="abbr indicateur-langue" title="Langue : allemand">(de)</abbr> Cet article est partiellement ou en totalité issu de l’article de Wikipédia en allemand intitulé <span class="plainlinks">« <a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Code" class="extiw" title="de:Code">Code</a> » <small>(<a class="external text" href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Code?action=history">voir la liste des auteurs</a>)</small></span>.</li></ul> <div class="references-small decimal" style=""> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Annexes">Annexes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Code_(information)&veaction=edit&section=9" title="Modifier la section : Annexes" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Code_(information)&action=edit&section=9" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Annexes"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r194021218">.mw-parser-output .autres-projets>.titre{text-align:center;margin:0.2em 0}.mw-parser-output .autres-projets>ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .autres-projets>ul>li{list-style:none;margin:0.2em 0;text-indent:0;padding-left:24px;min-height:20px;text-align:left;display:block}.mw-parser-output .autres-projets>ul>li>a{font-style:italic}@media(max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .autres-projets{float:none}}</style><div class="autres-projets boite-grise boite-a-droite noprint js-interprojets"> <p class="titre">Sur les autres projets Wikimedia :</p> <ul class="noarchive plainlinks"> <li class="commons"><a class="external text" href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category%3DCodes?uselang=fr">Code (information)</a>, sur <span class="project">Wikimedia Commons</span></li><li class="wiktionary"><a href="https://fr.wiktionary.org/wiki/code" class="extiw" title="wikt:code">code</a>, <span class="nowrap">sur le <span class="project">Wiktionnaire</span></span></li> </ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Articles_connexes">Articles connexes</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Code_(information)&veaction=edit&section=10" title="Modifier la section : Articles connexes" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Code_(information)&action=edit&section=10" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Articles connexes"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chiffrement" title="Chiffrement">Chiffrement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cryptosyst%C3%A8me" title="Cryptosystème">Cryptosystème</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Th%C3%A9orie_des_codes" title="Théorie des codes">Théorie des codes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Codage" class="mw-disambig" title="Codage">Codage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Codage_de_l%27information" title="Codage de l'information">Codage de l'information</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Codage_des_caract%C3%A8res" title="Codage des caractères">Codage des caractères</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Compression_de_donn%C3%A9es" title="Compression de données">Compression de données</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cryptage" class="mw-redirect" title="Cryptage">Cryptage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transcodage" title="Transcodage">Transcodage</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Liens_externes">Liens externes</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Code_(information)&veaction=edit&section=11" title="Modifier la section : Liens externes" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Code_(information)&action=edit&section=11" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Liens externes"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.apprendre-en-ligne.net/info/codage/codage.pdf">« Codage de l'information »</a> <i>L'informatique au lycée</i></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.aideaucodage.fr/ccam">« Aide au codage en ligne »</a> des codes médicaux CCAM, CIM, etc.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://deptinfo.cnam.fr/Enseignement/Memoires/LUSTEAU.Franck/Pages/Les_codages.htm">« Les codages »</a> Franck Lusteau, Cnam.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Bibliographie">Bibliographie</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Code_(information)&veaction=edit&section=12" title="Modifier la section : Bibliographie" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Code_(information)&action=edit&section=12" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Bibliographie"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span class="ouvrage" id="Martin2004"><span class="ouvrage" id="Bruno_Martin2004">Bruno Martin, <cite class="italique">Codage, cryptologie et applications</cite>, Lausanne, Presses polytechniques et universitaires romandes, <abbr class="abbr" title="collection">coll.</abbr> « Collection technique et scientifique des télécommunications », <time>2004</time>, 350 <abbr class="abbr" title="pages">p.</abbr> <small style="line-height:1em;">(<a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Sp%C3%A9cial:Ouvrages_de_r%C3%A9f%C3%A9rence/978-2-88074-569-1" title="Spécial:Ouvrages de référence/978-2-88074-569-1"><span class="nowrap">978-2-88074-569-1</span></a>, <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Serial_Number" title="International Standard Serial Number">ISSN</a> <span class="plainlinks noarchive"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://portal.issn.org/resource/issn/0221-2579">0221-2579</a></span>, <a href="/wiki/Syst%C3%A8me_universitaire_de_documentation" title="Système universitaire de documentation">SUDOC</a> <span class="plainlinks noarchive nowrap"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.sudoc.fr/078879582">078879582</a></span>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=SNYrhjDGlPsC&printsec=frontcover">lire en ligne</a>)</small><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Codage%2C+cryptologie+et+applications&rft.place=Lausanne&rft.pub=Presses+polytechniques+et+universitaires+romandes&rft.aulast=Martin&rft.aufirst=Bruno&rft.date=2004&rft.tpages=350&rft.isbn=978-2-88074-569-1&rft.issn=0221-2579&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3ACode+%28information%29"></span></span></span>.</li> <li><span class="ouvrage" id="Bastin2009"><span class="ouvrage" id="Gilles_Bastin2009">Gilles <span class="nom_auteur">Bastin</span>, « <cite style="font-style:normal">Codes et codages professionnels dans les mondes de l'information</cite> », <i>Réseaux</i>, <abbr class="abbr" title="volume">vol.</abbr> 157-158, <abbr class="abbr" title="numéro">n<sup>o</sup></abbr> 5,‎ <time>2009</time>, <abbr class="abbr" title="pages">p.</abbr> <span class="nowrap">191-211</span> <small style="line-height:1em;">(<a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Serial_Number" title="International Standard Serial Number">ISSN</a> <span class="plainlinks noarchive"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://portal.issn.org/resource/issn/0751-7971">0751-7971</a></span>, <a href="/wiki/Digital_Object_Identifier" title="Digital Object Identifier">DOI</a> <span class="plainlinks noarchive nowrap"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.3917/res.157.0191">10.3917/res.157.0191</a></span>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cairn.info/revue-reseaux-2009-5-page-191.htm">lire en ligne</a>)</small><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Codes+et+codages+professionnels+dans+les+mondes+de+l%27information&rft.jtitle=R%C3%A9seaux&rft.issue=5&rft.aulast=Bastin&rft.aufirst=Gilles&rft.date=2009&rft.volume=157-158&rft.pages=191-211&rft.issn=0751-7971&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.3917%2Fres.157.0191&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cairn.info%2Frevue-reseaux-2009-5-page-191.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3ACode+%28information%29"></span></span></span>.</li> <li><span class="ouvrage" id="BerstelPerrinReutenauer2009"><span class="ouvrage" id="Jean_BerstelDominique_PerrinChristophe_Reutenauer2009">Jean <span class="nom_auteur">Berstel</span>, Dominique <span class="nom_auteur">Perrin</span> et Christophe <span class="nom_auteur">Reutenauer</span>, <cite class="italique">Codes and Automata</cite>, Cambridge University Press, <abbr class="abbr" title="collection">coll.</abbr> « Encyclopedia of Mathematics and its Applications » (<abbr class="abbr" title="numéro">n<sup>o</sup></abbr> 129), <time>2009</time>, 634 <abbr class="abbr" title="pages">p.</abbr> <small style="line-height:1em;">(<a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Sp%C3%A9cial:Ouvrages_de_r%C3%A9f%C3%A9rence/978-1-139-19576-8" title="Spécial:Ouvrages de référence/978-1-139-19576-8"><span class="nowrap">978-1-139-19576-8</span></a>, <a href="/wiki/Digital_Object_Identifier" title="Digital Object Identifier">DOI</a> <span class="plainlinks noarchive nowrap"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1017/CBO9781139195768">10.1017/CBO9781139195768</a></span>)</small><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Codes+and+Automata&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.aulast=Berstel&rft.aufirst=Jean&rft.au=Perrin%2C+Dominique&rft.au=Reutenauer%2C+Christophe&rft.date=2009&rft.tpages=634&rft.isbn=978-1-139-19576-8&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1017%2FCBO9781139195768&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3ACode+%28information%29"></span></span></span>.</li> <li><span class="ouvrage" id="Kahn1967"><span class="ouvrage" id="David_Kahn1967"><a href="/wiki/David_Kahn" title="David Kahn">David Kahn</a>, <cite class="italique">The Codebreakers : The Story of Secret Writing</cite>, Macmillan, <time>1967</time>, 1164 <abbr class="abbr" title="pages">p.</abbr> <small style="line-height:1em;">(<a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Sp%C3%A9cial:Ouvrages_de_r%C3%A9f%C3%A9rence/978-0-684-83130-5" title="Spécial:Ouvrages de référence/978-0-684-83130-5"><span class="nowrap">978-0-684-83130-5</span></a>)</small><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Codebreakers&rft.pub=Macmillan&rft.stitle=The+Story+of+Secret+Writing&rft.aulast=Kahn&rft.aufirst=David&rft.date=1967&rft.tpages=1164&rft.isbn=978-0-684-83130-5&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3ACode+%28information%29"></span></span></span> —- Plusieurs rééditions.</li></ul> <ul id="bandeau-portail" class="bandeau-portail"><li><span class="bandeau-portail-element"><span class="bandeau-portail-icone"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Portail:T%C3%A9l%C3%A9communications" title="Portail des télécommunications"><img alt="icône décorative" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Circle-icons-phone.svg/40px-Circle-icons-phone.svg.png" decoding="async" width="24" height="24" class="mw-file-element" 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