CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html><html lang="en-US"><head><meta charset="utf-8"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"> <title>Galaxies - NASA Science</title> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="180x180" href="https://science.nasa.gov/apple-touch-icon.png"> <link rel="preload" href="https://science.nasa.gov/font-face.css" as="style"> <link rel="preload" href="https://smd-cms.nasa.gov/wp-content/client-mu-plugins/uswds-framework/uswds/fonts/public-sans/PublicSans-Regular.woff2" as="font" type="font/woff2" crossorigin="anonymous"> <link rel="preload" href="https://smd-cms.nasa.gov/wp-content/client-mu-plugins/uswds-framework/uswds/fonts-split/inter/UcC73FwrK3iLTeHuS_fvQtMwCp50KnMa1ZL7.woff2" as="font" type="font/woff2" crossorigin="anonymous"> <link rel="preload" href="https://smd-cms.nasa.gov/wp-content/client-mu-plugins/uswds-framework/uswds/fonts-split/db-mono/aFTU7PB1QTsUX8KYthqQBA.woff2" as="font" type="font/woff2" crossorigin="anonymous"> <meta property="og:title" content="Galaxies - NASA Science"> <meta property="og:url" content="https://science.nasa.gov/universe/galaxies/"> <meta name="description" content="Galaxies consist of stars, planets, and vast clouds of gas and dust, all bound together by gravity. The largest contain trillions of stars and can be more than a million light-years across. The smallest can contain a few thousand stars and span just a few hundred light-years. Most large galaxies have supermassive black holes at […]"> <meta property="og:description" content="Galaxies consist of stars, planets, and vast clouds of gas and dust, all bound together by gravity. The largest contain trillions of stars and can be more than a million light-years across. The smallest can contain a few thousand stars and span just a few hundred light-years. Most large galaxies have supermassive black holes at […]"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/spiral-galaxy-jpg.webp?w=1024"> <meta name="twitter:title" content="Galaxies - NASA Science"> <meta name="twitter:description" content="Galaxies consist of stars, planets, and vast clouds of gas and dust, all bound together by gravity. The largest contain trillions of stars and can be more than a million light-years across. The smallest can contain a few thousand stars and span just a few hundred light-years. Most large galaxies have supermassive black holes at […]"> <meta name="twitter:image" content="https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/spiral-galaxy-jpg.webp?w=1024"> <meta name="twitter:card" content="summary_large_image"> <meta property="og:image:alt" content="Looking like a pinwheel, this face-on spiral galaxy holds a bright-white core at image center. Arms curve outward from the core. They hold dark dust lanes and bright star-forming regions. All on a black background dotted with stars."> <meta name="twitter:image:alt" content="Looking like a pinwheel, this face-on spiral galaxy holds a bright-white core at image center. Arms curve outward from the core. They hold dark dust lanes and bright star-forming regions. All on a black background dotted with stars."> <meta property="og:image:width" content="1024"> <meta name="twitter:image:width" content="1024"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="800"> <meta name="twitter:image:height" content="800"> <link rel="canonical" href="https://science.nasa.gov/universe/galaxies/"> <meta name="keywords" content="astrophysics,galaxies,galaxies stars black holes,science research,universe"> <meta name="searchgov_custom3" content="topic"> <meta name="parsely-title" content="Galaxies - NASA Science"> <meta name="parsely-link" content="https://science.nasa.gov/universe/galaxies/"> <meta name="parsely-type" content="post"> <meta name="parsely-image-url" content="https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/spiral-galaxy-jpg.webp?w=1024"> <meta name="parsely-pub-date" content="2023-06-09 06:55:09"> <meta name="parsely-section" content="universe"> <meta name="parsely-tags" content="Astrophysics, Galaxies, Galaxies, Stars, & Black Holes, Science & Research, The Universe"> <script>window.PARSELY = window.PARSELY || (window.PARSELY = {});PARSELY.cookieDomain = window.location.host;</script> <script id="parsely-cfg" src="//cdn.parsely.com/keys/science.nasa.gov/p.js" async defer></script> <script id="_fed_an_ua_tag" src="https://dap.digitalgov.gov/Universal-Federated-Analytics-Min.js?agency=NASA&pua=G-3MLXXCVWWY&subagency=GSFC&yt=true&dclink=true&sp=search,s,q&sdor=false&exts=tif,tiff" async defer></script> <style>:where(.wp-block-button__link){box-shadow:none;border-radius:9999px;padding:calc(.667em + 2px) calc(1.333em + 2px);text-decoration:none}:where(.wp-block-calendar table:not(.has-background) th){background:#ddd}:where(.wp-block-columns){margin-bottom:1.75em}:where(.wp-block-columns.has-background){padding:1.25em 2.375em}:where(.wp-block-post-comments input[type=submit]){border:none}:where(.wp-block-cover-image,.wp-block-cover){min-height:430px;padding:1em}:where(.wp-block-cover:not(.has-text-color)){color:#fff}:where(.wp-block-cover-image:not(.has-text-color)){color:#fff}:where(.wp-block-cover.is-light:not(.has-text-color)){color:#000}:where(.wp-block-cover-image.is-light:not(.has-text-color)){color:#000}.wp-block-embed{overflow-wrap:break-word}.wp-block-embed figcaption{margin-top:.5em;margin-bottom:1em}.wp-block-embed iframe{max-width:100%}.wp-block-embed__wrapper{position:relative}:where(.wp-block-file){margin-bottom:1.5em}:where(.wp-block-file__button){border-radius:2em;padding:.5em 1em;display:inline-block}:where(.wp-block-file__button):-webkit-any(a):hover{box-shadow:none;color:#fff;opacity:.85;text-decoration:none}:where(.wp-block-file__button):-moz-any(a):hover{box-shadow:none;color:#fff;opacity:.85;text-decoration:none}:where(.wp-block-file__button):is(a):hover{box-shadow:none;color:#fff;opacity:.85;text-decoration:none}:where(.wp-block-file__button):-webkit-any(a):visited{box-shadow:none;color:#fff;opacity:.85;text-decoration:none}:where(.wp-block-file__button):-moz-any(a):visited{box-shadow:none;color:#fff;opacity:.85;text-decoration:none}:where(.wp-block-file__button):is(a):visited{box-shadow:none;color:#fff;opacity:.85;text-decoration:none}:where(.wp-block-file__button):-webkit-any(a):focus{box-shadow:none;color:#fff;opacity:.85;text-decoration:none}:where(.wp-block-file__button):-moz-any(a):focus{box-shadow:none;color:#fff;opacity:.85;text-decoration:none}:where(.wp-block-file__button):is(a):focus{box-shadow:none;color:#fff;opacity:.85;text-decoration:none}:where(.wp-block-file__button):-webkit-any(a):active{box-shadow:none;color:#fff;opacity:.85;text-decoration:none}:where(.wp-block-file__button):-moz-any(a):active{box-shadow:none;color:#fff;opacity:.85;text-decoration:none}:where(.wp-block-file__button):is(a):active{box-shadow:none;color:#fff;opacity:.85;text-decoration:none}.wp-block-image img{vertical-align:bottom;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:100%;height:auto}.wp-block-image figcaption{margin-top:.5em;margin-bottom:1em}.wp-block-image :where(.has-border-color){border-style:solid}.wp-block-image :where([style*=border-top-color]){border-top-style:solid}.wp-block-image :where([style*=border-right-color]){border-right-style:solid}.wp-block-image :where([style*=border-bottom-color]){border-bottom-style:solid}.wp-block-image :where([style*=border-left-color]){border-left-style:solid}.wp-block-image :where([style*=border-width]){border-style:solid}.wp-block-image :where([style*=border-top-width]){border-top-style:solid}.wp-block-image :where([style*=border-right-width]){border-right-style:solid}.wp-block-image :where([style*=border-bottom-width]){border-bottom-style:solid}.wp-block-image :where([style*=border-left-width]){border-left-style:solid}.wp-block-image figure{margin:0}@keyframes turn-off-visibility{0%{opacity:1;visibility:visible}99%{opacity:0;visibility:visible}to{opacity:0;visibility:hidden}}@keyframes lightbox-zoom-out{0%{visibility:visible;transform:translate(-50%,-50%)scale(1)}99%{visibility:visible}to{visibility:hidden;transform:translate(calc((-100vw + var(--wp--lightbox-scrollbar-width))/2 + var(--wp--lightbox-initial-left-position)),calc(-50vh + var(--wp--lightbox-initial-top-position)))scale(var(--wp--lightbox-scale))}}:where(.wp-block-latest-comments:not([style*=line-height] .wp-block-latest-comments__comment)){line-height:1.1}:where(.wp-block-latest-comments:not([style*=line-height] .wp-block-latest-comments__comment-excerpt p)){line-height:1.8}ol,ul{box-sizing:border-box}:where(.wp-block-navigation.has-background .wp-block-navigation-item a:not(.wp-element-button)){padding:.5em 1em}:where(.wp-block-navigation.has-background .wp-block-navigation-submenu a:not(.wp-element-button)){padding:.5em 1em}:where(.wp-block-navigation .wp-block-navigation__submenu-container .wp-block-navigation-item a:not(.wp-element-button)){padding:.5em 1em}:where(.wp-block-navigation .wp-block-navigation__submenu-container .wp-block-navigation-submenu a:not(.wp-element-button)){padding:.5em 1em}:where(.wp-block-navigation .wp-block-navigation__submenu-container .wp-block-navigation-submenu button.wp-block-navigation-item__content){padding:.5em 1em}:where(.wp-block-navigation .wp-block-navigation__submenu-container .wp-block-pages-list__item button.wp-block-navigation-item__content){padding:.5em 1em}:where(p.has-text-color:not(.has-link-color)) a{color:inherit}:where(.wp-block-post-excerpt){margin-top:var(--wp--style--block-gap);margin-bottom:var(--wp--style--block-gap)}:where(.wp-block-preformatted.has-background){padding:1.25em 2.375em}:where(.wp-block-pullquote){margin:0 0 1em;padding:4em 0}@media (max-width:600px){.wp-block-post-template-is-layout-grid.wp-block-post-template-is-layout-grid.wp-block-post-template-is-layout-grid.wp-block-post-template-is-layout-grid{grid-template-columns:1fr}}:where(.wp-block-search__button){border:1px solid #ccc;padding:6px 10px}:where(.wp-block-search__input){font-family:inherit;font-weight:inherit;font-size:inherit;line-height:inherit;letter-spacing:inherit;text-transform:inherit;font-style:inherit}:where(.wp-block-search__button-inside .wp-block-search__inside-wrapper){box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #949494;padding:4px}:where(.wp-block-search__button-inside .wp-block-search__inside-wrapper) :where(.wp-block-search__button){padding:4px 8px}:where(.wp-block-separator){border:none;border-top:2px solid}.wp-block-table{overflow-x:auto}.wp-block-table table{border-collapse:collapse;width:100%}.wp-block-table thead{border-bottom:3px solid}.wp-block-table td,.wp-block-table th{border:1px solid;padding:.5em}.wp-block-table .has-fixed-layout{table-layout:fixed;width:100%}.wp-block-table .has-fixed-layout td,.wp-block-table .has-fixed-layout th{word-break:break-word}.wp-block-table table[style*=border-width]>*,.wp-block-table table[style*=border-width] tr,.wp-block-table table[style*=border-width] th,.wp-block-table table[style*=border-width] td{border-width:inherit;border-style:inherit}:where(.wp-block-term-description){margin-top:var(--wp--style--block-gap);margin-bottom:var(--wp--style--block-gap)}:where(pre.wp-block-verse){font-family:inherit}.entry-content{counter-reset:footnotes}.screen-reader-text{clip:rect(1px,1px,1px,1px);clip-path:inset(50%);border:0;width:1px;height:1px;margin:-1px;padding:0;position:absolute;overflow:hidden;word-wrap:normal!important}.screen-reader-text:focus{clip-path:none;color:#444;z-index:100000;background-color:#ddd;width:auto;height:auto;padding:15px 23px 14px;font-size:1em;line-height:normal;text-decoration:none;display:block;top:5px;left:5px;clip:auto!important}html :where(.has-border-color){border-style:solid}html :where([style*=border-top-color]){border-top-style:solid}html :where([style*=border-right-color]){border-right-style:solid}html :where([style*=border-bottom-color]){border-bottom-style:solid}html :where([style*=border-left-color]){border-left-style:solid}html :where([style*=border-width]){border-style:solid}html :where([style*=border-top-width]){border-top-style:solid}html :where([style*=border-right-width]){border-right-style:solid}html :where([style*=border-bottom-width]){border-bottom-style:solid}html :where([style*=border-left-width]){border-left-style:solid}html :where(img[class*=wp-image-]){max-width:100%;height:auto}:where(figure){margin:0 0 1em}.bg-carbon-black{background-color:#000}.bg-spacesuit-white{background-color:#fff}.bg-nasa-red{background-color:#f64137}.bg-carbon-90{background-color:#17171b}.bg-carbon-80{background-color:#2e2e32}.bg-carbon-30{background-color:#b9b9bb}.bg-carbon-10{background-color:#e3e3e3}.bg-carbon-05{background-color:#f6f6f6}.bg-nasa-red-shade{background-color:#b60109}.bg-nasa-blue-tint{background-color:#288bff}.bg-nasa-blue-shade{background-color:#0b3d91}.bg-active-green{background-color:#47da84}.bg-carbon-black-important{background-color:#000!important}.color-carbon-black,.color-carbon-black a,.color-carbon-black div,.color-carbon-black p,.color-carbon-black span,.color-carbon-black svg,div.color-carbon-black,p.color-carbon-black{color:#000;fill:#000}.color-spacesuit-white,.color-spacesuit-white a,.color-spacesuit-white div,.color-spacesuit-white p,.color-spacesuit-white span,.color-spacesuit-white svg,div.color-spacesuit-white,p.color-spacesuit-white{color:#fff;fill:#fff}.color-nasa-red,.color-nasa-red a,.color-nasa-red div,.color-nasa-red p,.color-nasa-red span,.color-nasa-red svg,div.color-nasa-red,p.color-nasa-red{color:#f64137;fill:#f64137}.color-nasa-blue,.color-nasa-blue a,.color-nasa-blue div,.color-nasa-blue p,.color-nasa-blue span,.color-nasa-blue svg,div.color-nasa-blue,p.color-nasa-blue{color:#1c67e3;fill:#1c67e3}.color-carbon-90,.color-carbon-90 a,.color-carbon-90 div,.color-carbon-90 p,.color-carbon-90 span,.color-carbon-90 svg,div.color-carbon-90,p.color-carbon-90{color:#17171b;fill:#17171b}.color-carbon-80,.color-carbon-80 a,.color-carbon-80 div,.color-carbon-80 p,.color-carbon-80 span,.color-carbon-80 svg,div.color-carbon-80,p.color-carbon-80{color:#2e2e32;fill:#2e2e32}.color-carbon-60,.color-carbon-60 a,.color-carbon-60 div,.color-carbon-60 p,.color-carbon-60 span,.color-carbon-60 svg,div.color-carbon-60,p.color-carbon-60{color:#58585b;fill:#58585b}.color-carbon-50,.color-carbon-50 a,.color-carbon-50 div,.color-carbon-50 p,.color-carbon-50 span,.color-carbon-50 svg,div.color-carbon-50,p.color-carbon-50{color:#77777a;fill:#77777a}.color-carbon-40,.color-carbon-40 a,.color-carbon-40 div,.color-carbon-40 p,.color-carbon-40 span,.color-carbon-40 svg,div.color-carbon-40,p.color-carbon-40{color:#959599;fill:#959599}.color-carbon-30,.color-carbon-30 a,.color-carbon-30 div,.color-carbon-30 p,.color-carbon-30 span,.color-carbon-30 svg,div.color-carbon-30,p.color-carbon-30{color:#b9b9bb;fill:#b9b9bb}.color-carbon-20,.color-carbon-20 a,.color-carbon-20 div,.color-carbon-20 p,.color-carbon-20 span,.color-carbon-20 svg,div.color-carbon-20,p.color-carbon-20{color:#d1d1d1;fill:#d1d1d1}.color-carbon-05,.color-carbon-05 a,.color-carbon-05 div,.color-carbon-05 p,.color-carbon-05 span,.color-carbon-05 svg,div.color-carbon-05,p.color-carbon-05{color:#f6f6f6;fill:#f6f6f6}.color-nasa-blue-tint,.color-nasa-blue-tint a,.color-nasa-blue-tint div,.color-nasa-blue-tint p,.color-nasa-blue-tint span,.color-nasa-blue-tint svg,div.color-nasa-blue-tint,p.color-nasa-blue-tint{color:#288bff;fill:#288bff}.color-international-orange,.color-international-orange a,.color-international-orange div,.color-international-orange p,.color-international-orange span,.color-international-orange svg,div.color-international-orange,p.color-international-orange{color:#ea6f24;fill:#ea6f24}.color-carbon-black-important,.color-carbon-black-important a,.color-carbon-black-important div,.color-carbon-black-important p,.color-carbon-black-important span,.color-carbon-black-important svg,div.color-carbon-black-important,p.color-carbon-black-important{color:#000!important;fill:#000!important}.color-spacesuit-white-important,.color-spacesuit-white-important a,.color-spacesuit-white-important div,.color-spacesuit-white-important p,.color-spacesuit-white-important span,.color-spacesuit-white-important svg,div.color-spacesuit-white-important,p.color-spacesuit-white-important{color:#fff!important;fill:#fff!important}.color-nasa-blue-important,.color-nasa-blue-important a,.color-nasa-blue-important div,.color-nasa-blue-important p,.color-nasa-blue-important span,.color-nasa-blue-important svg,div.color-nasa-blue-important,p.color-nasa-blue-important{color:#1c67e3!important;fill:#1c67e3!important}.color-carbon-90-important,.color-carbon-90-important a,.color-carbon-90-important div,.color-carbon-90-important p,.color-carbon-90-important span,.color-carbon-90-important svg,div.color-carbon-90-important,p.color-carbon-90-important{color:#17171b!important;fill:#17171b!important}.color-carbon-60-important,.color-carbon-60-important a,.color-carbon-60-important div,.color-carbon-60-important p,.color-carbon-60-important span,.color-carbon-60-important svg,div.color-carbon-60-important,p.color-carbon-60-important{color:#58585b!important;fill:#58585b!important}.color-carbon-40-important,.color-carbon-40-important a,.color-carbon-40-important div,.color-carbon-40-important p,.color-carbon-40-important span,.color-carbon-40-important svg,div.color-carbon-40-important,p.color-carbon-40-important{color:#959599!important;fill:#959599!important}.color-carbon-30-important,.color-carbon-30-important a,.color-carbon-30-important div,.color-carbon-30-important p,.color-carbon-30-important span,.color-carbon-30-important svg,div.color-carbon-30-important,p.color-carbon-30-important{color:#b9b9bb!important;fill:#b9b9bb!important}.color-carbon-20-important,.color-carbon-20-important a,.color-carbon-20-important div,.color-carbon-20-important p,.color-carbon-20-important span,.color-carbon-20-important svg,div.color-carbon-20-important,p.color-carbon-20-important{color:#d1d1d1!important;fill:#d1d1d1!important}.border-color-carbon-black{border-color:#000}.border-color-carbon-80{border-color:#2e2e32}.border-color-carbon-20{border-color:#d1d1d1}.border-color-carbon-05{border-color:#f6f6f6}.border-color-carbon-black-important{border-color:#000!important}.border-color-carbon-80-important{border-color:#2e2e32!important}.border-color-carbon-60-important{border-color:#58585b!important}.border-color-carbon-30-important{border-color:#b9b9bb!important}.border-color-carbon-20-important{border-color:#d1d1d1!important}.usa-list{margin-top:1em;margin-bottom:1em;padding-left:3ch;line-height:1.8}.usa-list:last-child{margin-bottom:0}.usa-list ol,.usa-list ul{margin-top:.25em}.usa-list li{max-width:68ex;margin-bottom:.25em}.usa-list li:last-child{margin-bottom:0}.usa-table,.usa-table caption{text-align:left;font-family:Public Sans Web,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,Segoe UI,Roboto,Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif,Apple Color Emoji,Segoe UI Emoji,Segoe UI Symbol}.usa-table{border-collapse:collapse;border-spacing:0;color:#1b1b1b;margin:1.25rem 0;font-size:1.38rem;line-height:1.8}.usa-table thead th{background-clip:padding-box;font-weight:700;line-height:1.4}.usa-table thead td,.usa-table thead th{color:#1b1b1b;background-color:#dfe1e2}.usa-table tbody th{text-align:left}.usa-table td,.usa-table th{background-color:#fff;border:1px solid #1b1b1b;padding:.5rem 1rem;font-weight:400}.usa-table caption{margin-bottom:.75rem;font-size:.94rem;font-weight:700}.usa-table--borderless thead th{color:#1b1b1b;background-color:#0000;border-top:0}.usa-table--borderless td,.usa-table--borderless th{border-left:0;border-right:0}html{-webkit-text-size-adjust:100%;box-sizing:border-box;font-feature-settings:"kern" 1;font-kerning:normal;font-family:Public Sans Web,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,Segoe UI,Roboto,Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif,Apple Color Emoji,Segoe UI Emoji,Segoe UI Symbol;font-size:100%;line-height:1.15}body{margin:0}details,main{display:block}h1{margin:.67em 0;font-size:2em}hr{box-sizing:content-box;height:0;overflow:visible}code{font-family:monospace;font-size:1em}a{background-color:#0000}b,strong{font-weight:bolder}small{font-size:80%}sub,sup{vertical-align:baseline;font-size:75%;line-height:0;position:relative}sub{bottom:-.25em}sup{top:-.5em}img{border-style:none}button,input{margin:0;font-family:inherit;font-size:100%;line-height:1.15;overflow:visible}button{text-transform:none}[type=button],[type=reset],[type=submit],button{-webkit-appearance:button}[type=button]::-moz-focus-inner{border-style:none;padding:0}[type=reset]::-moz-focus-inner{border-style:none;padding:0}[type=submit]::-moz-focus-inner{border-style:none;padding:0}button::-moz-focus-inner{border-style:none;padding:0}[type=button]:-moz-focusring{outline:1px dotted buttontext}[type=reset]:-moz-focusring{outline:1px dotted buttontext}[type=submit]:-moz-focusring{outline:1px dotted buttontext}button:-moz-focusring{outline:1px dotted buttontext}[type=checkbox]{box-sizing:border-box;padding:0}[type=number]::-webkit-inner-spin-button{height:auto}[type=number]::-webkit-outer-spin-button{height:auto}[type=search]{-webkit-appearance:textfield;outline-offset:-2px}[type=search]::-webkit-search-decoration{-webkit-appearance:none}::-webkit-file-upload-button{-webkit-appearance:button;font:inherit}[hidden],template{display:none}@font-face{font-family:Public Sans Web;font-style:normal;font-weight:200;font-display:fallback;src:url(/_nuxt/PublicSans-ExtraLight.BEmx51-T.woff2)format("woff2"),url(/_nuxt/PublicSans-ExtraLight.CgSR4KL3.woff)format("woff"),url(/_nuxt/PublicSans-ExtraLight.DMIB4IYF.ttf)format("truetype")}@font-face{font-family:Public Sans Web;font-style:normal;font-weight:300;font-display:fallback;src:url(/_nuxt/PublicSans-Light.Cz3DQEvX.woff2)format("woff2"),url(/_nuxt/PublicSans-Light.CzEHfy2N.woff)format("woff"),url(/_nuxt/PublicSans-Light.D1MHZdco.ttf)format("truetype")}@font-face{font-family:Public Sans Web;font-style:normal;font-weight:400;font-display:fallback;src:url(/_nuxt/PublicSans-Regular.Uw5NYfjN.woff2)format("woff2"),url(/_nuxt/PublicSans-Regular.Df1PzLfj.woff)format("woff"),url(/_nuxt/PublicSans-Regular.NaU6Wn75.ttf)format("truetype")}@font-face{font-family:Public Sans Web;font-style:normal;font-weight:700;font-display:fallback;src:url(/_nuxt/PublicSans-Bold.DiWHjTYv.woff2)format("woff2"),url(/_nuxt/PublicSans-Bold.B3Mhse2e.woff)format("woff"),url(/_nuxt/PublicSans-Bold.hjTsv519.ttf)format("truetype")}@font-face{font-family:Public Sans Web;font-style:italic;font-weight:200;font-display:fallback;src:url(/_nuxt/PublicSans-ExtraLightItalic.O_MQiunA.woff2)format("woff2"),url(/_nuxt/PublicSans-ExtraLightItalic.DrZ51es6.woff)format("woff"),url(/_nuxt/PublicSans-ExtraLightItalic.BKS4eY4E.ttf)format("truetype")}@font-face{font-family:Public Sans Web;font-style:italic;font-weight:300;font-display:fallback;src:url(/_nuxt/PublicSans-LightItalic.DTSXHk5a.woff2)format("woff2"),url(/_nuxt/PublicSans-LightItalic.CPUP_Ilj.woff)format("woff"),url(/_nuxt/PublicSans-LightItalic.C47Zt0Sr.ttf)format("truetype")}@font-face{font-family:Public Sans Web;font-style:italic;font-weight:400;font-display:fallback;src:url(/_nuxt/PublicSans-Italic.BbKqwlqy.woff2)format("woff2"),url(/_nuxt/PublicSans-Italic.fe38sMgu.woff)format("woff"),url(/_nuxt/PublicSans-Italic.BNesecPS.ttf)format("truetype")}@font-face{font-family:Public Sans Web;font-style:italic;font-weight:700;font-display:fallback;src:url(/_nuxt/PublicSans-BoldItalic.mrVGBnK_.woff2)format("woff2"),url(/_nuxt/PublicSans-BoldItalic.Cvd4Oofz.woff)format("woff"),url(/_nuxt/PublicSans-BoldItalic.SdSgztWI.ttf)format("truetype")}button:not([disabled]):focus,input:not([disabled]):focus,[href]:focus,[tabindex]:focus,iframe:focus{outline-offset:0;outline:.25rem solid #2491ff}*,:after,:before{box-sizing:inherit}var{font-style:normal}body{color:#1b1b1b;background-color:#fff;overflow-x:hidden}.usa-sr-only{position:absolute;left:-999em;right:auto}.usa-button{color:#fff;-webkit-appearance:none;-moz-appearance:none;appearance:none;cursor:pointer;text-align:center;background-color:#005ea2;border:0;border-radius:.25rem;width:100%;margin-right:.5rem;padding:.75rem 1.25rem;font-family:Public Sans Web,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,Segoe UI,Roboto,Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif,Apple Color Emoji,Segoe UI Emoji,Segoe UI Symbol;font-size:1.38rem;font-weight:700;line-height:1;text-decoration:none;display:inline-block}@media (min-width:30em){.usa-button{width:auto}}.usa-button:visited{color:#fff}.usa-button:hover{color:#fff;background-color:#1a4480;border-bottom:0;text-decoration:none}.usa-button:active{color:#fff;background-color:#162e51}.usa-button:not([disabled]):focus{outline-offset:.25rem}.usa-button:disabled{-moz-osx-font-smoothing:grayscale;-webkit-font-smoothing:antialiased;color:#fff;background-color:#c9c9c9}.usa-button:disabled:active,.usa-button:disabled:focus,.usa-button:disabled:hover{box-shadow:none;background-color:#c9c9c9;border:0}.usa-button--secondary{color:#fff;background-color:#d83933}.usa-button--secondary:hover{color:#fff;background-color:#b50909}.usa-button--secondary:active{color:#fff;background-color:#8b0a03}img{max-width:100%}.usa-input,.usa-input-group{-webkit-appearance:none;-moz-appearance:none;appearance:none;color:#1b1b1b;border:1px solid #565c65;border-radius:0;width:100%;max-width:30rem;height:2.5rem;margin-top:.5rem;padding:.5rem;font-family:Public Sans Web,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,Segoe UI,Roboto,Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif,Apple Color Emoji,Segoe UI Emoji,Segoe UI Symbol;font-size:1.38rem;line-height:1.4;display:block}.usa-label{max-width:30rem;margin-top:1.5rem;font-family:Public Sans Web,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,Segoe UI,Roboto,Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif,Apple Color Emoji,Segoe UI Emoji,Segoe UI Symbol;font-size:1.38rem;font-weight:400;line-height:1.4;display:block}[type=file]{border:0;margin-top:.5rem;padding-top:.2rem;padding-left:0}.usa-input-group input:focus{outline:0}.usa-input-group{background-color:#fff;align-items:center;padding:0;display:flex}.usa-input-group input{border:0;width:100%;min-width:0;height:100%;margin-top:0}.usa-input-prefix{color:#71767a;-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;white-space:nowrap;padding:0 .5rem;line-height:0}.usa-input-prefix .usa-icon{width:1.5rem;height:1.5rem}.grid-container{max-width:64rem;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;padding-left:1rem;padding-right:1rem}@media (min-width:64em){.grid-container{padding-left:2rem;padding-right:2rem}}.grid-container-widescreen{max-width:87.5rem;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;padding-left:1rem;padding-right:1rem}@media (min-width:64em){.grid-container-widescreen{padding-left:2rem;padding-right:2rem}}.grid-row{flex-wrap:wrap;display:flex}.grid-row.grid-gap-2{margin-left:-.5rem;margin-right:-.5rem}.grid-row.grid-gap-2>*{padding-left:.5rem;padding-right:.5rem}.grid-row.grid-gap-lg{margin-left:-.75rem;margin-right:-.75rem}.grid-row.grid-gap-lg>*{padding-left:.75rem;padding-right:.75rem}[class*=grid-col]{box-sizing:border-box;width:100%;position:relative}.grid-col{flex:1;width:auto;min-width:1px;max-width:100%}.grid-col-auto{flex:0 auto;width:auto;max-width:100%}.grid-col-1,.grid-col-2{flex:0 auto;width:8.33333%}.grid-col-2{width:16.6667%}.grid-col-3,.grid-col-4{flex:0 auto;width:25%}.grid-col-4{width:33.3333%}.grid-col-5,.grid-col-6{flex:0 auto;width:41.6667%}.grid-col-6{width:50%}.grid-col-7,.grid-col-8{flex:0 auto;width:58.3333%}.grid-col-8{width:66.6667%}.grid-col-9{flex:0 auto;width:75%}.grid-col-11,.grid-col-12{flex:0 auto;width:91.6667%}.grid-col-12{width:100%}@media (min-width:40em){.tablet\:grid-col{flex:1;width:auto;min-width:1px;max-width:100%}.tablet\:grid-col-1{flex:0 auto;width:8.33333%}.tablet\:grid-col-2{flex:0 auto;width:16.6667%}.tablet\:grid-col-3{flex:0 auto;width:25%}.tablet\:grid-col-4{flex:0 auto;width:33.3333%}.tablet\:grid-col-6{flex:0 auto;width:50%}.tablet\:grid-col-8{flex:0 auto;width:66.6667%}.tablet\:grid-col-10{flex:0 auto;width:83.3333%}.tablet\:grid-col-11{flex:0 auto;width:91.6667%}.tablet\:grid-col-12{flex:0 auto;width:100%}}@media (min-width:64em){.desktop\:grid-col{flex:1;width:auto;min-width:1px;max-width:100%}.desktop\:grid-col-1{flex:0 auto;width:8.33333%}.desktop\:grid-col-2{flex:0 auto;width:16.6667%}.desktop\:grid-col-3{flex:0 auto;width:25%}.desktop\:grid-col-4{flex:0 auto;width:33.3333%}.desktop\:grid-col-5{flex:0 auto;width:41.6667%}.desktop\:grid-col-6{flex:0 auto;width:50%}.desktop\:grid-col-7{flex:0 auto;width:58.3333%}.desktop\:grid-col-8{flex:0 auto;width:66.6667%}.desktop\:grid-col-9{flex:0 auto;width:75%}.desktop\:grid-col-10{flex:0 auto;width:83.3333%}.desktop\:grid-col-11{flex:0 auto;width:91.6667%}.desktop\:grid-col-12{flex:0 auto;width:100%}.desktop\:grid-offset-1{margin-left:8.33333%}.desktop\:grid-offset-2{margin-left:16.6667%}.desktop\:grid-offset-3{margin-left:25%}.desktop\:grid-offset-4{margin-left:33.3333%}}.usa-footer__return-to-top a{color:#005ea2;text-decoration:underline}.usa-list--unstyled{margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;padding-left:0;list-style-type:none}.usa-accordion>li,.usa-breadcrumb__list>li,.usa-list--unstyled>li{max-width:unset;margin-bottom:0}.usa-accordion{color:#1b1b1b;width:100%;margin:0;padding:0;font-family:Public Sans Web,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,Segoe UI,Roboto,Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif,Apple Color Emoji,Segoe UI Emoji,Segoe UI Symbol;font-size:1.38rem;line-height:1.8;list-style-type:none}.usa-accordion>ul li ul{list-style:disc}.usa-accordion>ul li ul>li>ul{list-style:circle}.usa-accordion>ul li ul>li>ul>li>ul{list-style:square}.usa-accordion+.usa-accordion{margin-top:.5rem}.usa-accordion__button{-moz-osx-font-smoothing:inherit;-webkit-font-smoothing:inherit;box-shadow:none;text-align:left;color:#1b1b1b;cursor:pointer;background-color:#f0f0f0;background-image:url("data:image/svg+xml,%3csvg%20xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg'%20height='24'%20viewBox='0%200%2024%2024'%20width='24'%3e%3cpath%20d='M0%200h24v24H0z'%20fill='none'/%3e%3cpath%20d='M19%2013H5v-2h14v2z'/%3e%3c/svg%3e"),linear-gradient(#0000,#0000);background-position:right 1.25rem center;background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:1.5rem;border:0;border-radius:0;width:100%;margin:0;padding:1rem 3.5rem 1rem 1.25rem;font-weight:700;text-decoration:none;display:inline-block}.usa-accordion__button:visited{color:#54278f}.usa-accordion__button:active{color:#162e51}.usa-accordion__button:focus{outline-offset:0;outline:.25rem solid #2491ff}.usa-accordion__button:active,.usa-accordion__button:disabled,.usa-accordion__button:disabled:active,.usa-accordion__button:disabled:focus,.usa-accordion__button:disabled:hover,.usa-accordion__button:hover{-moz-osx-font-smoothing:inherit;-webkit-font-smoothing:inherit;box-shadow:none;background-color:#0000;text-decoration:underline}.usa-accordion__button:disabled{color:#c9c9c9}.usa-accordion__button:hover{color:#1b1b1b;background-color:#dfe1e2;text-decoration:none}@media (forced-colors:active){.usa-accordion__button{forced-color-adjust:none}}.usa-accordion__button[aria-expanded=false]{background-image:url("data:image/svg+xml,%3csvg%20xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg'%20height='24'%20viewBox='0%200%2024%2024'%20width='24'%3e%3cpath%20d='M0%200h24v24H0z'%20fill='none'/%3e%3cpath%20d='M19%2013h-6v6h-2v-6H5v-2h6V5h2v6h6v2z'/%3e%3c/svg%3e"),linear-gradient(#0000,#0000);background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:1.5rem}.usa-breadcrumb{color:#1b1b1b;background-color:#fff;padding-left:0;padding-right:0;font-family:Public Sans Web,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,Segoe UI,Roboto,Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif,Apple Color Emoji,Segoe UI Emoji,Segoe UI Symbol;font-size:1rem;line-height:1.4}@media (min-width:30em){.usa-breadcrumb{padding-top:1rem;padding-bottom:1rem}.usa-breadcrumb:not(.usa-breadcrumb--wrap) .usa-breadcrumb__list{white-space:nowrap;text-overflow:ellipsis;overflow:hidden}}.usa-breadcrumb__list{margin:0 -.25rem;padding:.25rem;list-style-type:none;display:block}.usa-breadcrumb__list-item{white-space:nowrap;display:inline;position:absolute;left:-999em;right:auto}@media (max-width:29.99em){.usa-breadcrumb__list-item{white-space:normal}.usa-breadcrumb__list-item:nth-last-child(2){position:static}.usa-breadcrumb__list-item:nth-last-child(2) .usa-breadcrumb__link{-moz-osx-font-smoothing:inherit;-webkit-font-smoothing:inherit;box-shadow:none;text-align:left;text-indent:-2ex;color:#005ea2;background-color:#0000;border:0;border-radius:0;margin:0;padding:1rem 0 1rem 2ex;font-weight:400;display:inline-block}.usa-breadcrumb__list-item:nth-last-child(2) .usa-breadcrumb__link:focus{outline-offset:0;outline:.25rem solid #2491ff}.usa-breadcrumb__list-item:nth-last-child(2) .usa-breadcrumb__link:active,.usa-breadcrumb__list-item:nth-last-child(2) .usa-breadcrumb__link:disabled,.usa-breadcrumb__list-item:nth-last-child(2) .usa-breadcrumb__link:disabled:active,.usa-breadcrumb__list-item:nth-last-child(2) .usa-breadcrumb__link:disabled:focus,.usa-breadcrumb__list-item:nth-last-child(2) .usa-breadcrumb__link:disabled:hover,.usa-breadcrumb__list-item:nth-last-child(2) .usa-breadcrumb__link:hover{-moz-osx-font-smoothing:inherit;-webkit-font-smoothing:inherit;box-shadow:none;background-color:#0000;text-decoration:underline}.usa-breadcrumb__list-item:nth-last-child(2) .usa-breadcrumb__link:disabled{color:#c9c9c9}.usa-breadcrumb__list-item:nth-last-child(2) .usa-breadcrumb__link:before{content:"";vertical-align:baseline;background:url("data:image/svg+xml,%3csvg%20xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg'%20height='24'%20viewBox='0%200%2024%2024'%20width='24'%3e%3cpath%20d='M0%200h24v24H0z'%20fill='none'/%3e%3cpath%20d='M20%2011H7.83l5.59-5.59L12%204l-8%208%208%208%201.41-1.41L7.83%2013H20v-2z'/%3e%3c/svg%3e") 50%/contain no-repeat;width:2ex;height:2ex;display:inline-block}@supports ((-webkit-mask:url()) or (mask:url())){.usa-breadcrumb__list-item:nth-last-child(2) .usa-breadcrumb__link:before{background:#71767a;-webkit-mask:url("data:image/svg+xml,%3csvg%20xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg'%20height='24'%20viewBox='0%200%2024%2024'%20width='24'%3e%3cpath%20d='M0%200h24v24H0z'%20fill='none'/%3e%3cpath%20d='M20%2011H7.83l5.59-5.59L12%204l-8%208%208%208%201.41-1.41L7.83%2013H20v-2z'/%3e%3c/svg%3e") 50%/contain no-repeat;mask:url("data:image/svg+xml,%3csvg%20xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg'%20height='24'%20viewBox='0%200%2024%2024'%20width='24'%3e%3cpath%20d='M0%200h24v24H0z'%20fill='none'/%3e%3cpath%20d='M20%2011H7.83l5.59-5.59L12%204l-8%208%208%208%201.41-1.41L7.83%2013H20v-2z'/%3e%3c/svg%3e") 50%/contain no-repeat}}.usa-breadcrumb__list-item:nth-last-child(2) .usa-breadcrumb__link:visited{color:#54278f}.usa-breadcrumb__list-item:nth-last-child(2) .usa-breadcrumb__link:active,.usa-breadcrumb__list-item:nth-last-child(2) .usa-breadcrumb__link:hover{color:#1a4480}.usa-breadcrumb__list-item:nth-last-child(2) .usa-breadcrumb__link:before{height:2ex;position:relative;bottom:-.2em}.usa-breadcrumb__list-item:nth-last-child(2) .usa-breadcrumb__link,.usa-breadcrumb__list-item:nth-last-child(2) .usa-breadcrumb__link:active,.usa-breadcrumb__list-item:nth-last-child(2) .usa-breadcrumb__link:hover{text-decoration:none}.usa-breadcrumb__list-item:nth-last-child(2) .usa-breadcrumb__link span{text-decoration:underline}.usa-breadcrumb__list-item:nth-last-child(2) .usa-breadcrumb__link:before{margin-right:0}}@media (min-width:30em){.usa-breadcrumb__list-item{position:static}.usa-breadcrumb__list-item:not(:last-child):after{content:"";vertical-align:baseline;background:url("data:image/svg+xml,%3csvg%20xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg'%20height='24'%20viewBox='0%200%2024%2024'%20width='24'%3e%3cpath%20d='M0%200h24v24H0z'%20fill='none'/%3e%3cpath%20d='M10%206L8.59%207.41%2013.17%2012l-4.58%204.59L10%2018l6-6z'/%3e%3c/svg%3e") 50%/contain no-repeat;width:2ex;display:inline-block}@supports ((-webkit-mask:url()) or (mask:url())){.usa-breadcrumb__list-item:not(:last-child):after{background:#71767a;-webkit-mask:url("data:image/svg+xml,%3csvg%20xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg'%20height='24'%20viewBox='0%200%2024%2024'%20width='24'%3e%3cpath%20d='M0%200h24v24H0z'%20fill='none'/%3e%3cpath%20d='M10%206L8.59%207.41%2013.17%2012l-4.58%204.59L10%2018l6-6z'/%3e%3c/svg%3e") 50%/contain no-repeat;mask:url("data:image/svg+xml,%3csvg%20xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg'%20height='24'%20viewBox='0%200%2024%2024'%20width='24'%3e%3cpath%20d='M0%200h24v24H0z'%20fill='none'/%3e%3cpath%20d='M10%206L8.59%207.41%2013.17%2012l-4.58%204.59L10%2018l6-6z'/%3e%3c/svg%3e") 50%/contain no-repeat}}.usa-breadcrumb__list-item:not(:last-child):after{height:2ex;margin-left:0;margin-right:0;position:relative;bottom:-.2em}}.usa-breadcrumb__link{color:#005ea2;text-decoration:none;display:inline}.usa-breadcrumb__link:visited,.usa-footer__return-to-top a:visited{color:#54278f}.usa-breadcrumb__link:active,.usa-breadcrumb__link:hover,.usa-footer__return-to-top a:hover{color:#1a4480}.usa-breadcrumb__link span{text-decoration:underline}.usa-footer{font-family:Public Sans Web,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,Segoe UI,Roboto,Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif,Apple Color Emoji,Segoe UI Emoji,Segoe UI Symbol;font-size:1.38rem;line-height:1.8;overflow:hidden}.usa-footer>.grid-container{max-width:64rem;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;padding-left:1rem;padding-right:1rem}@media (min-width:64em){.usa-footer>.grid-container{padding-left:2rem;padding-right:2rem}}.usa-footer__return-to-top{padding-top:1.25rem;padding-bottom:1.25rem;line-height:1}.usa-footer__return-to-top a:active{color:#162e51}.usa-footer__return-to-top a:focus{outline-offset:0;outline:.25rem solid #2491ff}.usa-footer__primary-section{background-color:#f0f0f0}.usa-footer__primary-section>.grid-container{max-width:64rem;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;padding-left:1rem;padding-right:1rem}@media (min-width:64em){.usa-footer__primary-section>.grid-container{padding-left:2rem;padding-right:2rem}}.usa-header{z-index:300;font-family:Public Sans Web,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,Segoe UI,Roboto,Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif,Apple Color Emoji,Segoe UI Emoji,Segoe UI Symbol;font-size:1.38rem;line-height:1.8}.usa-header:after{clear:both;content:"";display:block}.usa-header a{border-bottom:none}@media (min-width:64em){.usa-header .usa-search{float:right}.usa-header [role=search]{float:right;width:100%;max-width:calc(27ch + 3rem)}}.usa-header [type=search]{min-width:0}@media (min-width:64em){.usa-header+main{border-top:1px solid #dfe1e2}}@media (max-width:63.99em){.usa-logo{flex:1;margin-left:1rem;font-size:.88rem;line-height:1}}@media (min-width:64em){.usa-logo{margin-top:2rem;margin-bottom:1rem;font-size:1.38rem;line-height:1.2}}.usa-logo a{color:#1b1b1b;text-decoration:none}.usa-nav__primary button:visited{color:#54278f}@media (min-width:64em){.usa-header--basic .usa-nav-container{justify-content:space-between;align-items:flex-end;display:flex}.usa-header--basic .usa-nav__link:hover,.usa-header--basic .usa-nav__primary-item>.usa-current{position:relative}.usa-header--basic .usa-nav__link:hover:after,.usa-header--basic .usa-nav__primary-item>.usa-current:after{content:"";background-color:#005ea2;border-radius:0;height:.25rem;display:block;position:absolute;bottom:-.25rem;left:1rem;right:1rem}}@media (min-width:64em) and (forced-colors:active){.usa-header--basic .usa-nav__link:hover:after,.usa-header--basic .usa-nav__primary-item>.usa-current:after{background-color:buttontext}}@media (min-width:64em){.usa-header--basic .usa-nav__link[aria-expanded=true]:after,.usa-header--basic .usa-nav__link[aria-expanded=true]:hover:after{display:none}.usa-header--basic .usa-nav__primary{width:auto}.usa-header--basic .usa-nav__primary-item:last-of-type{position:relative}.usa-header--basic .usa-nav__primary-item:last-of-type .usa-nav__submenu{position:absolute;right:0}.usa-header--basic .usa-search{top:0}}.usa-icon{fill:currentColor;width:1em;height:1em;display:inline-block;position:relative}.usa-nav__primary button:active{color:#162e51}.usa-megamenu .usa-col{flex:auto}@media (min-width:64em){.usa-megamenu .usa-col{flex:4}.usa-megamenu.usa-nav__submenu{width:auto;padding:2rem 0;left:-33%;right:0}.usa-megamenu.usa-nav__submenu:after,.usa-megamenu.usa-nav__submenu:before{content:"";background-color:#162e51;width:100%;display:block;position:absolute;top:0;bottom:0}.usa-megamenu.usa-nav__submenu:before{right:100%}.usa-megamenu.usa-nav__submenu:after{left:100%}.usa-nav-container{max-width:64rem;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;padding-left:2rem;padding-right:2rem}.usa-nav-container:after{clear:both;content:"";display:block}}@media (min-width:64em) and (min-width:64em){.usa-nav-container{padding-left:2rem;padding-right:2rem}}@media (max-width:63.99em){.usa-nav__primary{order:2;margin-top:1.5rem;margin-bottom:0;padding-left:0;list-style-type:none}.usa-nav__primary>li{max-width:unset;margin-bottom:0}.usa-nav__primary-item{border-top:1px solid #dfe1e2}.usa-nav__primary a:not(.usa-button){padding:.5rem 1rem;text-decoration:none;display:block}.usa-nav__primary a:not(.usa-button):hover{background-color:#f0f0f0;text-decoration:none}.usa-nav__primary a:not(.usa-button):not(.usa-current){color:#565c65}.usa-nav__primary a:not(.usa-button):not(.usa-current):hover{color:#005ea2}.usa-nav__primary a:not(.usa-button):not(.usa-current):focus{outline-offset:0}.usa-nav__primary .usa-current{color:#005ea2;font-weight:700;position:relative}.usa-nav__primary .usa-current:after{content:"";background-color:#005ea2;border-radius:99rem;width:.25rem;display:block;position:absolute;top:.25rem;bottom:.25rem;left:.25rem}}@media (max-width:63.99em) and (forced-colors:active){.usa-nav__primary .usa-current:after{background-color:buttontext}}@media (max-width:63.99em) and (min-width:40em){.usa-nav__primary .usa-current{position:relative}.usa-nav__primary .usa-current:after{content:"";background-color:#005ea2;border-radius:99rem;width:.25rem;display:block;position:absolute;top:.25rem;bottom:.25rem;left:0}}@media (max-width:63.99em) and (min-width:40em) and (forced-colors:active){.usa-nav__primary .usa-current:after{background-color:buttontext}}@media (max-width:63.99em){.usa-nav__primary a{padding-top:.75rem;padding-bottom:.75rem}}@media (min-width:64em){.usa-nav__primary{display:flex}}.usa-nav__primary .usa-nav__primary-item a{text-decoration:none}.usa-nav__primary>.usa-nav__primary-item{line-height:1.2}@media (min-width:64em){.usa-nav__primary>.usa-nav__primary-item{font-size:.88rem;line-height:1}.usa-nav__primary>.usa-nav__primary-item>a{color:#565c65;padding:1rem;font-weight:700;line-height:1;display:block}.usa-nav__primary>.usa-nav__primary-item>a:hover{color:#005ea2}.usa-nav__primary a{padding-top:.5rem;padding-bottom:.5rem}}.usa-nav__primary button{-moz-osx-font-smoothing:inherit;-webkit-font-smoothing:inherit;box-shadow:none;text-align:left;color:#565c65;background-color:#0000;border:0;border-radius:0;margin:0;padding:.75rem 1rem;font-weight:400;line-height:1.2;text-decoration:none;position:relative}.usa-nav__primary button:focus{outline-offset:0;outline:.25rem solid #2491ff}.usa-nav__primary button:active,.usa-nav__primary button:disabled,.usa-nav__primary button:disabled:active,.usa-nav__primary button:disabled:focus,.usa-nav__primary button:disabled:hover,.usa-nav__primary button:hover{-moz-osx-font-smoothing:inherit;-webkit-font-smoothing:inherit;box-shadow:none;background-color:#0000;text-decoration:underline}.usa-nav__primary button:disabled{color:#c9c9c9}@media (min-width:64em){.usa-nav__primary button{padding:1rem;font-size:.88rem;font-weight:700;line-height:1}}@media (forced-colors:active){.usa-nav__primary button{forced-color-adjust:auto}}.usa-nav__primary button:hover{color:#005ea2;background-color:#f0f0f0;text-decoration:none}@media (min-width:64em){.usa-nav__primary button:hover{background-color:#0000}}.usa-nav__primary button[aria-expanded=false],.usa-nav__primary button[aria-expanded=true]{background-image:none}.usa-nav__primary button[aria-expanded=false] span:after{content:"";vertical-align:middle;background:url("data:image/svg+xml,%3csvg%20xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg'%20height='24'%20viewBox='0%200%2024%2024'%20width='24'%3e%3cpath%20d='M0%200h24v24H0z'%20fill='none'/%3e%3cpath%20d='M19%2013h-6v6h-2v-6H5v-2h6V5h2v6h6v2z'/%3e%3c/svg%3e") 50%/contain no-repeat;width:1.25rem;height:1.25rem;margin-left:auto;display:inline-block}@supports ((-webkit-mask:url()) or (mask:url())){.usa-nav__primary button[aria-expanded=false] span:after{background:buttontext;-webkit-mask:url("data:image/svg+xml,%3csvg%20xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg'%20height='24'%20viewBox='0%200%2024%2024'%20width='24'%3e%3cpath%20d='M0%200h24v24H0z'%20fill='none'/%3e%3cpath%20d='M19%2013h-6v6h-2v-6H5v-2h6V5h2v6h6v2z'/%3e%3c/svg%3e") 50%/contain no-repeat;mask:url("data:image/svg+xml,%3csvg%20xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg'%20height='24'%20viewBox='0%200%2024%2024'%20width='24'%3e%3cpath%20d='M0%200h24v24H0z'%20fill='none'/%3e%3cpath%20d='M19%2013h-6v6h-2v-6H5v-2h6V5h2v6h6v2z'/%3e%3c/svg%3e") 50%/contain no-repeat}}.usa-nav__primary button[aria-expanded=false] span:after{position:absolute;right:0}.usa-nav__primary button[aria-expanded=false] span:after:hover{background-color:buttontext}@media (min-width:64em){.usa-nav__primary button[aria-expanded=false] span:after{content:"";vertical-align:middle;background:url("data:image/svg+xml,%3csvg%20xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg'%20height='24'%20viewBox='0%200%2024%2024'%20width='24'%3e%3cpath%20d='M0%200h24v24H0z'%20fill='none'/%3e%3cpath%20d='M16.59%208.59L12%2013.17%207.41%208.59%206%2010l6%206%206-6z'/%3e%3c/svg%3e") 50%/contain no-repeat;width:1rem;height:1rem;margin-left:auto;display:inline-block}@supports ((-webkit-mask:url()) or (mask:url())){.usa-nav__primary button[aria-expanded=false] span:after{background:buttontext;-webkit-mask:url("data:image/svg+xml,%3csvg%20xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg'%20height='24'%20viewBox='0%200%2024%2024'%20width='24'%3e%3cpath%20d='M0%200h24v24H0z'%20fill='none'/%3e%3cpath%20d='M16.59%208.59L12%2013.17%207.41%208.59%206%2010l6%206%206-6z'/%3e%3c/svg%3e") 50%/contain no-repeat;mask:url("data:image/svg+xml,%3csvg%20xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg'%20height='24'%20viewBox='0%200%2024%2024'%20width='24'%3e%3cpath%20d='M0%200h24v24H0z'%20fill='none'/%3e%3cpath%20d='M16.59%208.59L12%2013.17%207.41%208.59%206%2010l6%206%206-6z'/%3e%3c/svg%3e") 50%/contain no-repeat}}.usa-nav__primary button[aria-expanded=false] span:after{right:.75rem}.usa-nav__primary button[aria-expanded=false]:hover span:after{background-color:#1a4480}}@media (min-width:64em) and (forced-colors:active){.usa-nav__primary button[aria-expanded=false]:hover span:after{background-color:buttontext}}.usa-nav__primary button[aria-expanded=true] span:after{content:"";vertical-align:middle;background:url("data:image/svg+xml,%3csvg%20xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg'%20height='24'%20viewBox='0%200%2024%2024'%20width='24'%3e%3cpath%20d='M0%200h24v24H0z'%20fill='none'/%3e%3cpath%20d='M19%2013H5v-2h14v2z'/%3e%3c/svg%3e") 50%/contain no-repeat;width:1.25rem;height:1.25rem;margin-left:auto;display:inline-block}@supports ((-webkit-mask:url()) or (mask:url())){.usa-nav__primary button[aria-expanded=true] span:after{background:buttontext;-webkit-mask:url("data:image/svg+xml,%3csvg%20xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg'%20height='24'%20viewBox='0%200%2024%2024'%20width='24'%3e%3cpath%20d='M0%200h24v24H0z'%20fill='none'/%3e%3cpath%20d='M19%2013H5v-2h14v2z'/%3e%3c/svg%3e") 50%/contain no-repeat;mask:url("data:image/svg+xml,%3csvg%20xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg'%20height='24'%20viewBox='0%200%2024%2024'%20width='24'%3e%3cpath%20d='M0%200h24v24H0z'%20fill='none'/%3e%3cpath%20d='M19%2013H5v-2h14v2z'/%3e%3c/svg%3e") 50%/contain no-repeat}}.usa-nav__primary button[aria-expanded=true] span:after{position:absolute;right:0}@media (forced-colors:active){.usa-nav__primary button[aria-expanded=true] span:after{background-color:buttontext}}@media (min-width:64em){.usa-nav__primary button[aria-expanded=true]{color:#fff;background-color:#162e51;background-image:none}}@media (min-width:64em) and (min-width:64em){.usa-nav__primary button[aria-expanded=true] span:after{content:"";vertical-align:middle;background:url("data:image/svg+xml,%3csvg%20xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg'%20height='24'%20viewBox='0%200%2024%2024'%20width='24'%3e%3cpath%20d='M0%200h24v24H0z'%20fill='none'/%3e%3cpath%20d='M12%208l-6%206%201.41%201.41L12%2010.83l4.59%204.58L18%2014z'/%3e%3c/svg%3e") 50%/contain no-repeat;width:1rem;height:1rem;margin-left:auto;display:inline-block}@supports ((-webkit-mask:url()) or (mask:url())){.usa-nav__primary button[aria-expanded=true] span:after{background:buttontext;-webkit-mask:url("data:image/svg+xml,%3csvg%20xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg'%20height='24'%20viewBox='0%200%2024%2024'%20width='24'%3e%3cpath%20d='M0%200h24v24H0z'%20fill='none'/%3e%3cpath%20d='M12%208l-6%206%201.41%201.41L12%2010.83l4.59%204.58L18%2014z'/%3e%3c/svg%3e") 50%/contain no-repeat;mask:url("data:image/svg+xml,%3csvg%20xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg'%20height='24'%20viewBox='0%200%2024%2024'%20width='24'%3e%3cpath%20d='M0%200h24v24H0z'%20fill='none'/%3e%3cpath%20d='M12%208l-6%206%201.41%201.41L12%2010.83l4.59%204.58L18%2014z'/%3e%3c/svg%3e") 50%/contain no-repeat}}.usa-nav__primary button[aria-expanded=true] span:after{background-color:#fff;right:.75rem}}@media (min-width:64em) and (min-width:64em) and (forced-colors:active){.usa-nav__primary button[aria-expanded=true] span:after{background-color:buttontext}}@media (min-width:64em){.usa-nav__primary .usa-accordion__button span{margin-right:0;padding-right:1rem}}@media (max-width:63.99em){.usa-nav__submenu{margin:0;padding-left:0;list-style-type:none}.usa-nav__submenu>li{max-width:unset;margin-bottom:0}.usa-nav__submenu-item{border-top:1px solid #dfe1e2;font-size:.88rem}.usa-nav__submenu .usa-current:after{display:none}}@media (max-width:63.99em) and (min-width:40em){.usa-nav__submenu .usa-current:after{display:none}}@media (max-width:63.99em){.usa-nav__submenu a:not(.usa-button){padding-left:2rem}.usa-nav__submenu .usa-nav__submenu a:not(.usa-button){padding-left:3rem}.usa-nav__submenu .usa-nav__submenu .usa-nav__submenu a:not(.usa-button){padding-left:4rem}}@media (min-width:64em){.usa-nav__submenu{z-index:400;background-color:#162e51;width:15rem;margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;padding:1rem;list-style-type:none;position:absolute}}.usa-nav__submenu[aria-hidden=true]{display:none}@media (min-width:64em){.usa-nav__submenu .usa-nav__submenu-item+*{margin-top:.75rem}.usa-nav__submenu .usa-nav__submenu-item a{color:#fff;padding:0;line-height:1.4}.usa-nav__submenu .usa-nav__submenu-item a:hover{color:#fff;background-color:#0000;padding:0;text-decoration:underline}}.usa-nav__submenu-list{margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;padding-left:0;list-style-type:none}.usa-nav__submenu-list>li{max-width:unset;margin-bottom:0}.usa-search{font-family:Public Sans Web,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,Segoe UI,Roboto,Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif,Apple Color Emoji,Segoe UI Emoji,Segoe UI Symbol;font-size:1.38rem;line-height:1.8;position:relative}.usa-search:after{clear:both;content:"";display:block}.usa-search [role=search],.usa-search[role=search],.usa-search[role=search]>div{display:flex}.usa-search [type=submit]{border-top-left-radius:0;border-bottom-left-radius:0;width:3rem;height:2rem;margin:0;padding:0}@media (min-width:30em){.usa-search [type=submit]{width:auto;padding-left:1rem;padding-right:1rem}}@media (forced-colors:active){.usa-search [type=submit]{border:2px solid #0000}.usa-search [type=submit]:before{content:"";vertical-align:middle;background:url("data:image/svg+xml,%3csvg%20xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg'%20height='24'%20viewBox='0%200%2024%2024'%20width='24'%3e%3cpath%20d='M0%200h24v24H0z'%20fill='none'/%3e%3cpath%20d='M15.5%2014h-.79l-.28-.27C15.41%2012.59%2016%2011.11%2016%209.5%2016%205.91%2013.09%203%209.5%203S3%205.91%203%209.5%205.91%2016%209.5%2016c1.61%200%203.09-.59%204.23-1.57l.27.28v.79l5%204.99L20.49%2019l-4.99-5zm-6%200C7.01%2014%205%2011.99%205%209.5S7.01%205%209.5%205%2014%207.01%2014%209.5%2011.99%2014%209.5%2014z'/%3e%3c/svg%3e") 50%/contain no-repeat;width:1.5rem;height:1.5rem;margin-right:auto;display:inline-block}@supports ((-webkit-mask:url()) or (mask:url())){.usa-search [type=submit]:before{background:buttontext;-webkit-mask:url("data:image/svg+xml,%3csvg%20xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg'%20height='24'%20viewBox='0%200%2024%2024'%20width='24'%3e%3cpath%20d='M0%200h24v24H0z'%20fill='none'/%3e%3cpath%20d='M15.5%2014h-.79l-.28-.27C15.41%2012.59%2016%2011.11%2016%209.5%2016%205.91%2013.09%203%209.5%203S3%205.91%203%209.5%205.91%2016%209.5%2016c1.61%200%203.09-.59%204.23-1.57l.27.28v.79l5%204.99L20.49%2019l-4.99-5zm-6%200C7.01%2014%205%2011.99%205%209.5S7.01%205%209.5%205%2014%207.01%2014%209.5%2011.99%2014%209.5%2014z'/%3e%3c/svg%3e") 50%/contain no-repeat;mask:url("data:image/svg+xml,%3csvg%20xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg'%20height='24'%20viewBox='0%200%2024%2024'%20width='24'%3e%3cpath%20d='M0%200h24v24H0z'%20fill='none'/%3e%3cpath%20d='M15.5%2014h-.79l-.28-.27C15.41%2012.59%2016%2011.11%2016%209.5%2016%205.91%2013.09%203%209.5%203S3%205.91%203%209.5%205.91%2016%209.5%2016c1.61%200%203.09-.59%204.23-1.57l.27.28v.79l5%204.99L20.49%2019l-4.99-5zm-6%200C7.01%2014%205%2011.99%205%209.5S7.01%205%209.5%205%2014%207.01%2014%209.5%2011.99%2014%209.5%2014z'/%3e%3c/svg%3e") 50%/contain no-repeat}}}@media (forced-colors:active) and (min-width:30em){.usa-search [type=submit]:before{content:none}.usa-search--small [type=submit]:before{content:""}}.usa-search--small [type=submit]{min-width:3rem;padding-left:.75rem;padding-right:.75rem}input[type=search]{box-sizing:border-box;-webkit-appearance:none;-moz-appearance:none;appearance:none}[type=search]{box-sizing:border-box;float:left;border-right:none;border-top-right-radius:0;border-bottom-right-radius:0;height:2rem;margin:0;padding-top:0;padding-bottom:0;font-size:.94rem}[class*=font-mono-]{font-family:DM Mono,Bitstream Vera Sans Mono,Consolas,Courier,monospace}[class*=font-sans-]{font-family:Public Sans Web,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,Segoe UI,Roboto,Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif,Apple Color Emoji,Segoe UI Emoji,Segoe UI Symbol}.flex-align-start{align-items:flex-start}.flex-align-end{align-items:flex-end}.flex-align-center{align-items:center}.bg-transparent{background-color:#0000}.bg-white{background-color:#fff}.bg-base-lightest{background-color:#f0f0f0}.border-top-1px{border-top:1px solid}.border-bottom-1px{border-bottom:1px solid}.border-left-1px{border-left:1px solid}.border-top-2px{border-top:2px solid}.border-0{border:0 solid}.border-top-0{border-top:0 solid}.border{border:1px solid}.border-top{border-top:1px solid}.border-bottom{border-bottom:1px solid}.border-white{border-color:#fff}.border-base-lightest{border-color:#f0f0f0}.border-base-lighter{border-color:#dfe1e2}.radius-pill{border-radius:99rem}.border-width-1px{border-width:1px}.bottom-0{bottom:0}.shadow-4{box-shadow:0 .75rem 1.5rem #0000001a}.circle-4{border-radius:50%;width:2rem;height:2rem}.circle-6{border-radius:50%;width:3rem;height:3rem}.circle-10{border-radius:50%;width:5rem;height:5rem}.circle-card{border-radius:50%;width:10rem;height:10rem}.text-white{color:#fff}.cursor-pointer{cursor:pointer}.display-block{display:block}.display-flex{display:flex}.display-none{display:none}.display-inline{display:inline}.display-inline-block{display:inline-block}.display-inline-flex{display:inline-flex}.flex-1{flex:1}.flex-11{flex:11}.flex-row{flex-direction:row}.flex-column{flex-direction:column}.float-none{float:none}.font-mono-2xl{font-size:4.97rem}.font-sans-xs{font-size:.94rem}.text-bold{font-weight:700}.height-9{height:4.5rem}.height-0{height:0}.height-auto{height:auto}.height-full{height:100%}.height-viewport{height:100vh}.flex-justify-center{justify-content:center}.flex-justify-start{justify-content:flex-start}.flex-justify-end{justify-content:flex-end}.left-0{left:0}.line-height-heading-1,.line-height-alt-1{line-height:1}.margin-0{margin:0}.margin-y-1{margin-bottom:.5rem}.margin-top-1,.margin-y-1{margin-top:.5rem}.margin-bottom-1{margin-bottom:.5rem}.margin-top-2{margin-top:1rem}.margin-bottom-2{margin-bottom:1rem}.margin-y-3{margin-bottom:1.5rem}.margin-top-3,.margin-y-3{margin-top:1.5rem}.margin-bottom-3{margin-bottom:1.5rem}.margin-y-4{margin-bottom:2rem}.margin-top-4,.margin-y-4{margin-top:2rem}.margin-bottom-4{margin-bottom:2rem}.margin-y-5{margin-bottom:2.5rem}.margin-top-5,.margin-y-5{margin-top:2.5rem}.margin-bottom-5{margin-bottom:2.5rem}.margin-top-6{margin-top:3rem}.margin-bottom-6{margin-bottom:3rem}.margin-bottom-7{margin-bottom:3.5rem}.margin-bottom-10{margin-bottom:5rem}.margin-y-0{margin-bottom:0}.margin-top-0,.margin-y-0{margin-top:0}.margin-bottom-0{margin-bottom:0}.margin-top-auto{margin-top:auto}.margin-bottom-auto{margin-bottom:auto}.margin-right-1{margin-right:.5rem}.margin-left-1{margin-left:.5rem}.margin-x-2{margin-left:1rem}.margin-right-2,.margin-x-2{margin-right:1rem}.margin-left-2{margin-left:1rem}.margin-right-3{margin-right:1.5rem}.margin-right-neg-5{margin-right:-2.5rem}.margin-x-0{margin-left:0}.margin-right-0,.margin-x-0{margin-right:0}.margin-left-0{margin-left:0}.margin-x-auto{margin-left:auto}.margin-right-auto,.margin-x-auto{margin-right:auto}.margin-left-auto{margin-left:auto}.maxh-10{max-height:5rem}.maxh-tablet{max-height:40rem}.maxw-6{max-width:3rem}.maxw-card{max-width:10rem}.maxw-mobile{max-width:20rem}.maxw-mobile-lg{max-width:30rem}.maxw-tablet{max-width:40rem}.maxw-desktop-lg{max-width:75rem}.maxw-widescreen{max-width:87.5rem}.maxw-full{max-width:100%}.minh-4{min-height:2rem}.minh-10{min-height:5rem}.minh-15{min-height:7.5rem}.minh-mobile{min-height:20rem}.minh-tablet{min-height:40rem}.minh-tablet-lg{min-height:55rem}.minw-4{min-width:2rem}.minw-10{min-width:5rem}.opacity-0{opacity:0}.opacity-20{opacity:.2}.opacity-100{opacity:1}.order-last{order:999}.outline-0{outline:0 solid}.outline-05{outline:.25rem solid}.outline-transparent{outline-color:#0000}.outline-blue{outline-color:#0076d6}.overflow-hidden{overflow:hidden}.padding-top-1px{padding-top:1px}.padding-y-05{padding-top:.25rem;padding-bottom:.25rem}.padding-top-05{padding-top:.25rem}.padding-bottom-05{padding-bottom:.25rem}.padding-1{padding:.5rem}.padding-y-1{padding-top:.5rem;padding-bottom:.5rem}.padding-top-1{padding-top:.5rem}.padding-right-1{padding-right:.5rem}.padding-bottom-1{padding-bottom:.5rem}.padding-left-1{padding-left:.5rem}.padding-right-105{padding-right:.75rem}.padding-left-105{padding-left:.75rem}.padding-2{padding:1rem}.padding-y-2{padding-top:1rem;padding-bottom:1rem}.padding-x-2{padding-left:1rem;padding-right:1rem}.padding-top-2{padding-top:1rem}.padding-right-2{padding-right:1rem}.padding-bottom-2{padding-bottom:1rem}.padding-left-2{padding-left:1rem}.padding-3{padding:1.5rem}.padding-y-3{padding-top:1.5rem;padding-bottom:1.5rem}.padding-x-3{padding-left:1.5rem;padding-right:1.5rem}.padding-top-3{padding-top:1.5rem}.padding-right-3{padding-right:1.5rem}.padding-bottom-3{padding-bottom:1.5rem}.padding-left-3{padding-left:1.5rem}.padding-4{padding:2rem}.padding-y-4{padding-top:2rem;padding-bottom:2rem}.padding-x-4{padding-left:2rem;padding-right:2rem}.padding-top-4{padding-top:2rem}.padding-right-4{padding-right:2rem}.padding-bottom-4{padding-bottom:2rem}.padding-left-4{padding-left:2rem}.padding-y-5{padding-top:2.5rem;padding-bottom:2.5rem}.padding-top-5{padding-top:2.5rem}.padding-right-5{padding-right:2.5rem}.padding-bottom-5{padding-bottom:2.5rem}.padding-left-5{padding-left:2.5rem}.padding-y-6{padding-top:3rem;padding-bottom:3rem}.padding-top-6{padding-top:3rem}.padding-right-6{padding-right:3rem}.padding-y-7{padding-top:3.5rem;padding-bottom:3.5rem}.padding-left-7{padding-left:3.5rem}.padding-y-8{padding-top:4rem;padding-bottom:4rem}.padding-top-8{padding-top:4rem}.padding-bottom-8{padding-bottom:4rem}.padding-y-9{padding-top:4.5rem;padding-bottom:4.5rem}.padding-top-9{padding-top:4.5rem}.padding-bottom-9{padding-bottom:4.5rem}.padding-y-10{padding-top:5rem;padding-bottom:5rem}.padding-top-10{padding-top:5rem}.padding-right-10{padding-right:5rem}.padding-0{padding:0}.padding-y-0{padding-top:0;padding-bottom:0}.padding-x-0{padding-left:0;padding-right:0}.padding-top-0{padding-top:0}.padding-right-0{padding-right:0}.padding-bottom-0{padding-bottom:0}.padding-left-0{padding-left:0}.position-absolute{position:absolute}.position-fixed{position:fixed}.position-relative{position:relative}.right-0{right:0}.square-2{width:1rem;height:1rem}.square-3{width:1.5rem;height:1.5rem}.square-4{width:2rem;height:2rem}.square-10{width:5rem;height:5rem}.text-center{text-align:center}.text-left{text-align:left}.text-no-underline{text-decoration:none}.text-uppercase{text-transform:uppercase}.top-0{top:0}.width-2px{width:2px}.width-8{width:4rem}.width-10{width:5rem}.width-card-lg{width:15rem}.width-mobile{width:20rem}.width-mobile-lg{width:30rem}.width-full{width:100%}.width-auto{width:auto}.z-top{z-index:99999}.z-100{z-index:100}.z-200{z-index:200}.z-300{z-index:300}.z-400{z-index:400}@media (min-width:30em){.mobile-lg\:margin-top-0{margin-top:0}}@media (min-width:40em){.tablet\:border-right-1px{border-right:1px solid}.tablet\:display-block{display:block}.tablet\:display-flex{display:flex}.tablet\:display-none{display:none}.tablet\:margin-bottom-2{margin-bottom:1rem}.tablet\:margin-bottom-3{margin-bottom:1.5rem}.tablet\:margin-bottom-0{margin-bottom:0}.tablet\:margin-left-2{margin-left:1rem}.tablet\:margin-right-neg-5{margin-right:-2.5rem}.tablet\:margin-right-0{margin-right:0}.tablet\:order-first{order:-1}.tablet\:order-last{order:999}.tablet\:order-1{order:1}.tablet\:order-2{order:2}.tablet\:padding-x-05{padding-left:.25rem;padding-right:.25rem}.tablet\:padding-right-2{padding-right:1rem}.tablet\:padding-y-3{padding-top:1.5rem;padding-bottom:1.5rem}.tablet\:padding-x-3{padding-left:1.5rem;padding-right:1.5rem}.tablet\:padding-right-3{padding-right:1.5rem}.tablet\:padding-left-3{padding-left:1.5rem}.tablet\:padding-left-7{padding-left:3.5rem}.tablet\:padding-bottom-10{padding-bottom:5rem}.tablet\:padding-right-0{padding-right:0}.tablet\:padding-left-0{padding-left:0}.tablet\:width-card{width:10rem}}@media (min-width:64em){.desktop\:display-block{display:block}.desktop\:display-flex{display:flex}.desktop\:display-none{display:none}.desktop\:flex-justify-end{justify-content:flex-end}.desktop\:margin-bottom-2{margin-bottom:1rem}.desktop\:margin-bottom-3{margin-bottom:1.5rem}.desktop\:margin-top-neg-6{margin-top:-3rem}.desktop\:margin-bottom-4{margin-bottom:2rem}.desktop\:margin-bottom-5{margin-bottom:2.5rem}.desktop\:margin-y-6{margin-top:3rem;margin-bottom:3rem}.desktop\:margin-bottom-6{margin-bottom:3rem}.desktop\:margin-bottom-10{margin-bottom:5rem}.desktop\:margin-top-0{margin-top:0}.desktop\:margin-bottom-0{margin-bottom:0}.desktop\:margin-right-1{margin-right:.5rem}.desktop\:margin-left-1{margin-left:.5rem}.desktop\:margin-left-2{margin-left:1rem}.desktop\:margin-right-neg-5{margin-right:-2.5rem}.desktop\:margin-right-5{margin-right:2.5rem}.desktop\:margin-left-5{margin-left:2.5rem}.desktop\:margin-right-0{margin-right:0}.desktop\:margin-left-0{margin-left:0}.desktop\:margin-left-auto{margin-left:auto}.desktop\:padding-top-1{padding-top:.5rem}.desktop\:padding-left-105{padding-left:.75rem}.desktop\:padding-x-2{padding-left:1rem;padding-right:1rem}.desktop\:padding-right-2{padding-right:1rem}.desktop\:padding-left-2{padding-left:1rem}.desktop\:padding-3{padding:1.5rem}.desktop\:padding-right-3{padding-right:1.5rem}.desktop\:padding-left-3{padding-left:1.5rem}.desktop\:padding-y-4{padding-top:2rem;padding-bottom:2rem}.desktop\:padding-x-4{padding-left:2rem;padding-right:2rem}.desktop\:padding-top-4{padding-top:2rem}.desktop\:padding-right-4{padding-right:2rem}.desktop\:padding-bottom-4{padding-bottom:2rem}.desktop\:padding-left-4{padding-left:2rem}.desktop\:padding-top-5{padding-top:2.5rem}.desktop\:padding-right-5{padding-right:2.5rem}.desktop\:padding-bottom-5{padding-bottom:2.5rem}.desktop\:padding-left-5{padding-left:2.5rem}.desktop\:padding-y-6{padding-top:3rem;padding-bottom:3rem}.desktop\:padding-right-6{padding-right:3rem}.desktop\:padding-left-6{padding-left:3rem}.desktop\:padding-y-7{padding-top:3.5rem;padding-bottom:3.5rem}.desktop\:padding-top-7{padding-top:3.5rem}.desktop\:padding-bottom-7{padding-bottom:3.5rem}.desktop\:padding-y-8{padding-top:4rem;padding-bottom:4rem}.desktop\:padding-top-8{padding-top:4rem}.desktop\:padding-y-9{padding-top:4.5rem;padding-bottom:4.5rem}.desktop\:padding-right-9{padding-right:4.5rem}.desktop\:padding-bottom-9{padding-bottom:4.5rem}.desktop\:padding-left-9{padding-left:4.5rem}.desktop\:padding-top-10{padding-top:5rem}.desktop\:padding-right-10{padding-right:5rem}.desktop\:padding-left-10{padding-left:5rem}.desktop\:padding-bottom-15{padding-bottom:7.5rem}.desktop\:padding-0{padding:0}.desktop\:padding-top-0{padding-top:0}.desktop\:padding-right-0{padding-right:0}.desktop\:padding-bottom-0{padding-bottom:0}.desktop\:padding-left-0{padding-left:0}.desktop\:width-card-lg{width:15rem}}@media (min-width:75em){.desktop-lg\:margin-left-10{margin-left:5rem}}@font-face{font-family:Inter;font-style:normal;font-weight:200;font-display:swap;src:url(/_nuxt/UcC73FwrK3iLTeHuS_fvQtMwCp50KnMa2JL7SUc.CBYe6022.woff2)format("woff2");unicode-range:U+460-52F,U+1C80-1C88,U+20B4,U+2DE0-2DFF,U+A640-A69F,U+FE2E-FE2F}@font-face{font-family:Inter;font-style:normal;font-weight:200;font-display:swap;src:url(/_nuxt/UcC73FwrK3iLTeHuS_fvQtMwCp50KnMa0ZL7SUc.DHeaknKs.woff2)format("woff2");unicode-range:U+301,U+400-45F,U+490-491,U+4B0-4B1,U+2116}@font-face{font-family:Inter;font-style:normal;font-weight:200;font-display:swap;src:url(/_nuxt/UcC73FwrK3iLTeHuS_fvQtMwCp50KnMa2ZL7SUc.vpOIeGzY.woff2)format("woff2");unicode-range:U+1F??}@font-face{font-family:Inter;font-style:normal;font-weight:200;font-display:swap;src:url(/_nuxt/UcC73FwrK3iLTeHuS_fvQtMwCp50KnMa1pL7SUc.RGdUHdk5.woff2)format("woff2");unicode-range:U+370-3FF}@font-face{font-family:Inter;font-style:normal;font-weight:200;font-display:swap;src:url(/_nuxt/UcC73FwrK3iLTeHuS_fvQtMwCp50KnMa2pL7SUc.CZXuW_xV.woff2)format("woff2");unicode-range:U+102-103,U+110-111,U+128-129,U+168-169,U+1A0-1A1,U+1AF-1B0,U+1EA0-1EF9,U+20AB}@font-face{font-family:Inter;font-style:normal;font-weight:200;font-display:swap;src:url(/_nuxt/UcC73FwrK3iLTeHuS_fvQtMwCp50KnMa25L7SUc.Wjt_kzju.woff2)format("woff2");unicode-range:U+100-24F,U+259,U+1E??,U+2020,U+20A0-20AB,U+20AD-20CF,U+2113,U+2C60-2C7F,U+A720-A7FF}@font-face{font-family:Inter;font-style:normal;font-weight:200;font-display:swap;src:url(/_nuxt/UcC73FwrK3iLTeHuS_fvQtMwCp50KnMa1ZL7.DwMxL0mc.woff2)format("woff2");unicode-range:U+??,U+131,U+152-153,U+2BB-2BC,U+2C6,U+2DA,U+2DC,U+2000-206F,U+2074,U+20AC,U+2122,U+2191,U+2193,U+2212,U+2215,U+FEFF,U+FFFD}@font-face{font-family:Inter;font-style:normal;font-weight:400;font-display:swap;src:url(/_nuxt/UcCO3FwrK3iLTeHuS_fvQtMwCp50KnMw2boKoduKmMEVuLyfAZJhiI2B.CFvBWp3v.woff2)format("woff2");unicode-range:U+460-52F,U+1C80-1C88,U+20B4,U+2DE0-2DFF,U+A640-A69F,U+FE2E-FE2F}@font-face{font-family:Inter;font-style:normal;font-weight:400;font-display:swap;src:url(/_nuxt/UcCO3FwrK3iLTeHuS_fvQtMwCp50KnMw2boKoduKmMEVuLyfAZthiI2B.Q-C3FR23.woff2)format("woff2");unicode-range:U+301,U+400-45F,U+490-491,U+4B0-4B1,U+2116}@font-face{font-family:Inter;font-style:normal;font-weight:400;font-display:swap;src:url(/_nuxt/UcCO3FwrK3iLTeHuS_fvQtMwCp50KnMw2boKoduKmMEVuLyfAZNhiI2B.5_LfLZIP.woff2)format("woff2");unicode-range:U+1F??}@font-face{font-family:Inter;font-style:normal;font-weight:400;font-display:swap;src:url(/_nuxt/UcCO3FwrK3iLTeHuS_fvQtMwCp50KnMw2boKoduKmMEVuLyfAZxhiI2B.BhkgBvw-.woff2)format("woff2");unicode-range:U+370-3FF}@font-face{font-family:Inter;font-style:normal;font-weight:400;font-display:swap;src:url(data:font/woff2;base64,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)format("woff2");unicode-range:U+102-103,U+110-111,U+128-129,U+168-169,U+1A0-1A1,U+1AF-1B0,U+1EA0-1EF9,U+20AB}@font-face{font-family:Inter;font-style:normal;font-weight:400;font-display:swap;src:url(/_nuxt/UcCO3FwrK3iLTeHuS_fvQtMwCp50KnMw2boKoduKmMEVuLyfAZFhiI2B.D3hQhSwC.woff2)format("woff2");unicode-range:U+100-24F,U+259,U+1E??,U+2020,U+20A0-20AB,U+20AD-20CF,U+2113,U+2C60-2C7F,U+A720-A7FF}@font-face{font-family:Inter;font-style:normal;font-weight:400;font-display:swap;src:url(/_nuxt/UcCO3FwrK3iLTeHuS_fvQtMwCp50KnMw2boKoduKmMEVuLyfAZ9hiA.YtgfLPRn.woff2)format("woff2");unicode-range:U+??,U+131,U+152-153,U+2BB-2BC,U+2C6,U+2DA,U+2DC,U+2000-206F,U+2074,U+20AC,U+2122,U+2191,U+2193,U+2212,U+2215,U+FEFF,U+FFFD}@font-face{font-family:Inter;font-style:normal;font-weight:700;font-display:swap;src:url(/_nuxt/UcC73FwrK3iLTeHuS_fvQtMwCp50KnMa2JL7SUc.CBYe6022.woff2)format("woff2");unicode-range:U+460-52F,U+1C80-1C88,U+20B4,U+2DE0-2DFF,U+A640-A69F,U+FE2E-FE2F}@font-face{font-family:Inter;font-style:normal;font-weight:700;font-display:swap;src:url(/_nuxt/UcC73FwrK3iLTeHuS_fvQtMwCp50KnMa0ZL7SUc.DHeaknKs.woff2)format("woff2");unicode-range:U+301,U+400-45F,U+490-491,U+4B0-4B1,U+2116}@font-face{font-family:Inter;font-style:normal;font-weight:700;font-display:swap;src:url(/_nuxt/UcC73FwrK3iLTeHuS_fvQtMwCp50KnMa2ZL7SUc.vpOIeGzY.woff2)format("woff2");unicode-range:U+1F??}@font-face{font-family:Inter;font-style:normal;font-weight:700;font-display:swap;src:url(/_nuxt/UcC73FwrK3iLTeHuS_fvQtMwCp50KnMa1pL7SUc.RGdUHdk5.woff2)format("woff2");unicode-range:U+370-3FF}@font-face{font-family:Inter;font-style:normal;font-weight:700;font-display:swap;src:url(/_nuxt/UcC73FwrK3iLTeHuS_fvQtMwCp50KnMa2pL7SUc.CZXuW_xV.woff2)format("woff2");unicode-range:U+102-103,U+110-111,U+128-129,U+168-169,U+1A0-1A1,U+1AF-1B0,U+1EA0-1EF9,U+20AB}@font-face{font-family:Inter;font-style:normal;font-weight:700;font-display:swap;src:url(/_nuxt/UcC73FwrK3iLTeHuS_fvQtMwCp50KnMa25L7SUc.Wjt_kzju.woff2)format("woff2");unicode-range:U+100-24F,U+259,U+1E??,U+2020,U+20A0-20AB,U+20AD-20CF,U+2113,U+2C60-2C7F,U+A720-A7FF}@font-face{font-family:Inter;font-style:normal;font-weight:700;font-display:swap;src:url(/_nuxt/UcC73FwrK3iLTeHuS_fvQtMwCp50KnMa1ZL7.DwMxL0mc.woff2)format("woff2");unicode-range:U+??,U+131,U+152-153,U+2BB-2BC,U+2C6,U+2DA,U+2DC,U+2000-206F,U+2074,U+20AC,U+2122,U+2191,U+2193,U+2212,U+2215,U+FEFF,U+FFFD}@font-face{font-family:dm-mono;font-style:normal;font-weight:400;font-display:swap;src:url(/_nuxt/aFTU7PB1QTsUX8KYthSQBLyM.c68TkzUT.woff2)format("woff2");unicode-range:U+100-24F,U+259,U+1E??,U+2020,U+20A0-20AB,U+20AD-20CF,U+2113,U+2C60-2C7F,U+A720-A7FF}@font-face{font-family:dm-mono;font-style:normal;font-weight:400;font-display:swap;src:url(/_nuxt/aFTU7PB1QTsUX8KYthqQBA.CHo0K5QI.woff2)format("woff2");unicode-range:U+??,U+131,U+152-153,U+2BB-2BC,U+2C6,U+2DA,U+2DC,U+2000-206F,U+2074,U+20AC,U+2122,U+2191,U+2193,U+2212,U+2215,U+FEFF,U+FFFD}html{-webkit-text-size-adjust:100%;scroll-behavior:smooth;line-height:1.15;background-color:#000!important}a{text-decoration:none}p{padding:0;font-size:1rem}img{height:auto}.usa-logo{font-family:inter,sans-serif;font-weight:700}button.usa-accordion__button.usa-nav__link{font-weight:400}.button-primary,.font-weight-bold,.hds-tab-nav-item,.usa-button--secondary,a{font-family:inter}.entry-content>h1,.entry-content>h2,.entry-content>h3,.entry-content>h4{margin:0 auto .25em}.entry-content>p{margin:0 auto .5em}.entry-content>:first-child:not(.hds-module){margin-top:3.5rem}.entry-content>:last-child:not(.hds-module){margin-bottom:3.5rem}.entry-content>.hds-module+:not(.hds-module),.entry-content>:not(.hds-module)+.hds-module{margin-top:2rem}body,p{font-family:Public Sans Web,sans-serif}h1,h2,h3,h4{font-family:inter,sans-serif;line-height:.95em}.page-heading-lg,h1.page-heading-lg{font-size:6.25rem}.page-heading-md,h1.page-heading-md{font-size:5rem}@media (max-width:576px){.page-heading-lg,h1.page-heading-lg{font-size:3.75rem}.page-heading-md,h1.page-heading-md{font-size:3rem}}.section-heading-md,h2,h2.section-heading-md{font-size:3rem}.section-heading-sm,h2.section-heading-sm{font-size:2.5rem}@media (max-width:576px){.section-heading-md,h2.section-heading-md{font-size:2.1rem}.section-heading-sm,h2.section-heading-sm{font-size:1.5rem}}.subtitle,.subtitle-md,h3.subtitle-md{font-size:1.2rem}.subtitle-sm,h3.subtitle-sm{font-size:1rem}@media (max-width:576px){.subtitle,.subtitle-md,h3.subtitle-md{font-size:1.2rem}.subtitle-sm,h3.subtitle-sm{font-size:.9rem}}.p-lg,p.p-lg{font-size:1.1rem;line-height:1.65em}.p-md,.p-sm,body p,p.p-md,p.p-sm{font-size:1rem;line-height:1.65em}.p-sm,p.p-sm{font-size:.875rem}@media (max-width:576px){.p-lg,p.p-lg{font-size:1rem}.p-md,body p,p.p-md{font-size:.9rem}.p-sm,p.p-sm{font-size:.875rem;line-height:1.65em}}body .label,body h1.label,body h2.label,body h3.label,body h4.label{letter-spacing:3.5px;text-transform:uppercase;font-family:dm-mono;font-size:.7rem;font-style:normal;font-weight:500;line-height:1em}.label-inter{color:#58585b;letter-spacing:.25px;text-transform:uppercase;font-family:inter,sans-serif;font-size:11px;font-style:normal;font-weight:700;line-height:19px}.font-weight-extrabold,.font-weight-extrabold *,.font-weight-extrabold div,.font-weight-extrabold h1,.font-weight-extrabold h2,.font-weight-extrabold h3,.font-weight-extrabold h4,.font-weight-extrabold p,h1.font-weight-extrabold,h2.font-weight-extrabold,h3.font-weight-extrabold,h4.font-weight-extrabold,p.font-weight-extrabold{font-weight:800}.font-weight-bold,.font-weight-bold *,.font-weight-bold div,.font-weight-bold h1,.font-weight-bold h2,.font-weight-bold h3,.font-weight-bold h4,.font-weight-bold p,h1.font-weight-bold,h2.font-weight-bold,h3.font-weight-bold,h4.font-weight-bold,p.font-weight-bold{font-weight:700}.font-weight-regular,.font-weight-regular *,.font-weight-regular div,.font-weight-regular h1,.font-weight-regular h2,.font-weight-regular h3,.font-weight-regular h4,.font-weight-regular p,h1.font-weight-regular,h2.font-weight-regular,h3.font-weight-regular,h4.font-weight-regular,p.font-weight-regular{font-weight:400}.font-weight-light,.font-weight-light *,.font-weight-light div,.font-weight-light h1,.font-weight-light h2,.font-weight-light h3,.font-weight-light h4,.font-weight-light p,h1.font-weight-light,h2.font-weight-light,h3.font-weight-light,h4.font-weight-light,p.font-weight-light{font-weight:300}.font-weight-extralight,.font-weight-extralight *,.font-weight-extralight div,.font-weight-extralight h1,.font-weight-extralight h2,.font-weight-extralight h3,.font-weight-extralight h4,.font-weight-extralight p,h1.font-weight-extralight,h2.font-weight-extralight,h3.font-weight-extralight,h4.font-weight-extralight,p.font-weight-extralight{font-weight:200}.line-height-sm,.line-height-sm *,.line-height-sm div,.line-height-sm h1,.line-height-sm h2,.line-height-sm h3,.line-height-sm h4,.line-height-sm p,h1.line-height-sm,h2.line-height-sm,h3.line-height-sm,h4.line-height-sm,p.line-height-sm{line-height:1}.line-height-md,.line-height-md *,.line-height-md div,.line-height-md h1,.line-height-md h2,.line-height-md h3,.line-height-md h4,.line-height-md p,h1.line-height-md,h2.line-height-md,h3.line-height-md,h4.line-height-md,p.line-height-md{line-height:1.25}.line-height-lg,.line-height-lg *,.line-height-lg div,.line-height-lg h1,.line-height-lg h2,.line-height-lg h3,.line-height-lg h4,.line-height-lg p,h1.line-height-lg,h2.line-height-lg,h3.line-height-lg,h4.line-height-lg,p.line-height-lg{line-height:1.5em}.font-dm-mono{font-family:dm-mono}.skrim-overlay-dark .label,.skrim-overlay-dark label{color:#fff}#primary .button-primary{border:0;align-items:center;line-height:1em;display:inline-flex;background:0 0!important;padding-left:0!important;padding-right:0!important}.button-primary a,.button-primary span{line-height:1em}#primary .button-primary:hover{background:0 0;border:0}.button-primary,.button-primary .button-primary-circle,.button-primary span{transition:all .2s}.button-primary span{width:calc(100% - 1.2rem)}.button-primary svg{width:1.2rem;height:1.2rem}.button-primary.button-primary-lg,.button-primary.button-primary-lg span{font-size:1.75rem}.button-primary.button-primary-lg span{margin-right:.5em}.button-primary,.button-primary span,.button-primary.button-primary-md,.button-primary.button-primary-md span{font-size:1.4rem;font-weight:700}.button-primary span,.button-primary.button-primary-md span{margin-right:.4em}.button-primary.button-primary-sm,.button-primary.button-primary-sm span{font-size:1rem;font-weight:600;text-decoration:none}.button-primary.button-primary-sm span{margin-right:.3em}.button-primary,.button-primary.button-light span{color:#fff}.button-primary span{color:#000}.button-primary .button-primary-circle{fill:#f64137}.button-primary:hover .button-primary-circle{fill:#b60109}@media only screen and (max-width:767px){.usa-button{font-size:1.18rem}}.usa-button.button-link{background:0 0;border-bottom:1px dashed #b9b9bb;border-radius:0;padding-left:0;padding-right:0;font-size:1rem;font-weight:400}.width-fit-content{width:-moz-fit-content;width:fit-content}.stat-number{font-size:4.5rem;font-style:normal;font-weight:200}@media (max-width:576px){.stat-number{font-size:2.25rem}.stat-value{font-size:.9rem}}.subheading,h1.subheading,h2.subheading,h3.subheading,h4.subheading{letter-spacing:3.5px;text-transform:uppercase;font-size:12px;font-style:normal;font-weight:500;line-height:180%}.background-cover,.skrim-overlay{background-position:50%;background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:cover}.skrim-overlay{background-repeat:repeat;width:100%;height:100%;position:absolute;top:0;left:0}.color-mode-dark .skrim-overlay,.color-mode-dark>.skrim-overlay,.skrim-overlay{filter:progid:DXImageTransform.Microsoft.gradient(startColorstr="#d4000000",endColorstr="#00000000",GradientType=1);background:linear-gradient(65.99deg,#000 0,#0000 99.04%)}.color-mode-light .skrim-overlay,.color-mode-light>.skrim-overlay{filter:progid:DXImageTransform.Microsoft.gradient(startColorstr="#ffffff",endColorstr="#00ffffff",GradientType=1);background:linear-gradient(45deg,#fff 25%,#fffffffa 26%,#ffffff0f 75%,#fff0 78%)}.grid-container-block-lg{max-width:100rem}@media screen and (min-width:800px){body.fixed #page:before{display:none!important}}body .thumbnail{z-index:2;background-position:50%;background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:cover;width:100%;position:relative;overflow:hidden}.usa-article-content .entry-content>h2{margin-bottom:8px;padding-top:2rem;font-size:1.8rem}.usa-article-content h3{margin-top:20px;margin-bottom:8px}.article-header,.usa-article-content .entry-content>:not(.nasa-block-align-wide){max-width:712px;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto}.usa-article-content p{margin-top:0;margin-bottom:1em;padding:0}.usa-list__article-content li{width:100%}.usa-list__article-content li a{word-wrap:break-word;color:#000;padding-top:.1rem;padding-bottom:.1rem;line-height:1.4rem;display:block}.usa-list__article-content li:hover{cursor:pointer;border-left:4px solid #1c67e3!important}.usa-list__article-content li>a:hover{color:#000}.article-color-mode-dark .usa-list__article-content li a,.article-color-mode-dark .usa-list__article-content li>a:hover,.color-mode-dark ul.article-tags .article-tag a{color:#fff}@media screen and (min-width:800px){.usa-article__scroll{height:-moz-fit-content;height:fit-content;position:-webkit-sticky;top:80px;position:sticky!important}}.usa-article-scroll-wrapper{height:calc(100% - 200px)}.social-icons{display:flex}.social-icons a,.social-icons.social-icons-round{border-radius:50%}.social-icons a{background-color:#2e2e32;justify-content:center;width:32px;height:32px;margin:0 10px 0 0}.social-icons .social-icon.social-icon-twitter a,.social-icons .social-icon.social-icon-x a{background-color:#4fb4db}.social-icons .social-icon.social-icon-facebook a{background-color:#5d77ac}.social-icons .social-icon.social-icon-linkedin a{background-color:#318cbc}.social-icons .social-icon.social-icon-share a{background-color:#1c67e3}.social-icons .social-icon.social-icon-rss a{background-color:#f26522}.social-icons.social-icons-monochrome .social-icon a{background-color:#000!important}.color-mode-dark .social-icons.social-icons-monochrome .social-icon a{background-color:#fff!important}.color-mode-dark .social-icons.social-icons-monochrome .social-icon a svg{fill:#000!important}.social-icons,ul.article-tags{margin:0;padding:0;list-style:none}ul.article-tags .article-tag{margin-bottom:7px;margin-right:7px;display:inline-block}ul.article-tags .article-tag a{color:#58585b;border:1px solid #b9b9b9;border-radius:1px;padding:5px 10px;font-size:.9em;line-height:1em;text-decoration:none;display:block}.social-icons a{align-items:center;display:flex}.hds-carousel-wrapper{position:relative}.mission-status-icon{border-radius:50%;width:.8em;height:.8em}.tag-mission{align-items:center;display:flex}.mission-status-icon{margin-right:10px}.border-top-light-opaque{border-color:#ffffff4d!important}.article-color-mode-dark #primary{background-color:#17171b}.article-color-mode-dark .article-meta-item,.article-color-mode-dark .article-meta-item h3,.article-color-mode-dark .article-meta-item label,.article-color-mode-dark .article-meta-item span,.article-color-mode-dark .entry-content .section-heading-sm,.article-color-mode-dark .entry-content p,.article-color-mode-dark .entry-content p a,.article-color-mode-dark .usa-article-content h3,.article-color-mode-dark .wp-block-nasa-blocks-blockquote .blockquote-credit-name,.article-color-mode-dark ul.article-tags .article-tag a{color:#fff}body.article-color-mode-dark{background-color:#17171b}.hds-embed-container embed,.hds-embed-container iframe,.hds-embed-container object{width:100%;height:100%;position:absolute;top:0;left:0}svg.hds-video-play-button{pointer-events:none}.hds-media-align-inline{max-width:840px}.hds-media-align-wide{max-width:1100px}.hds-media-align-full{max-width:100%}.hds-media-align-full .hds-media-caption{padding-left:20px;padding-right:20px}.hds-video-play-button{z-index:999;width:70px;height:70px;transition:all .4s;position:absolute;top:calc(50% - 35px);left:calc(50% - 35px)}.hds-video-play-button:hover{cursor:pointer;transform:scale(1.1)}.hds-video-container{cursor:pointer}.hds-embed-container{max-width:100%;height:auto;padding-bottom:56.25%;position:relative;overflow:hidden}.ratio-1x1{position:relative}.ratio-1x1:after{content:"";padding-bottom:100%;display:block}.gallery-preview-item{flex:1;overflow:hidden}.gallery-preview-item img{-o-object-fit:cover;object-fit:cover;width:100%;height:100%}@media screen and (max-width:800px){.gallery-preview-item{height:7.5rem}}.gallery-preview-item .hds-video-icon{fill:#fff;z-index:999;width:30px;height:30px;position:absolute;top:20px;left:20px}.hds-subscription input[type=email]{color:#fff;background-color:#000000ad;border:1px solid #d1d1d1;border-radius:2px;width:100%;max-width:313px;padding:14px 16px;font-size:14px}.hds-subscription input[type=email]::placeholder{color:#d1d1d1}.link-underline-dashed,body div.link-underline-dashed,body p.link-underline-dashed{color:#000;border-bottom:1px dashed #f6f6f6;line-height:1.3em}.link-underline-dashed-light,body div.link-underline-dashed-light,body p.link-underline-dashed-light{color:#f6f6f6;border-bottom:1px dashed #b9b9bb;line-height:1.3em}.hds-foreground-wrapper{width:100%;height:100%;position:absolute;top:0;left:0}.display-120,.display-48,.display-60,.display-72,.heading-12,.heading-14,.heading-16,.heading-18,.heading-22,.heading-29,.heading-36{font-weight:700;line-height:1.05em}.display-120,h1.display-120,h3.display-120,h4.display-120,p.display-120{font-size:7.5rem}.display-72,h1.display-72,h3.display-72,h4.display-72,p.display-72{font-size:4.5rem}.display-60,h1.display-60,h3.display-60,h4.display-60,p.display-60{font-size:3.75rem}.display-48,h1.display-48,h3.display-48,h4.display-48,p.display-48{font-size:3rem}.display-41,h1.display-41,h3.display-41,h4.display-41,p.display-41{font-size:2.562rem}.heading-36,h1.heading-36,h2.heading-36,h3.heading-36,h4.heading-36,p.heading-36{font-size:2.25rem}.heading-29,h1.heading-29,h2.heading-29,h3.heading-29,h4.heading-29,p.heading-29{font-size:1.813rem}.heading-22,h1.heading-22,h2.heading-22,h3.heading-22,h4.heading-22,p.heading-22{font-size:1.375rem}.heading-18,h1.heading-18,h2.heading-18,h3.heading-18,h4.heading-18,p.heading-18{font-size:1.125rem}.heading-16,h1.heading-16,h2.heading-16,h3.heading-16,h4.heading-16,p.heading-16{font-size:1rem}.heading-14,h1.heading-14,h2.heading-14,h3.heading-14,h4.heading-14,p.heading-14{font-size:.875rem}.heading-12,h1.heading-12,h2.heading-12,h3.heading-12,h4.heading-12,p.heading-12{font-size:.75rem}@media (max-width:992px){.display-120,h1.display-120,h3.display-120,h4.display-120,p.display-120{font-size:5rem}.display-72,h1.display-72,h3.display-72,h4.display-72,p.display-72{font-size:3rem}.display-60,h1.display-60,h3.display-60,h4.display-60,p.display-60{font-size:2.25rem}.display-41,.display-48,h1.display-41,h1.display-48,h3.display-41,h3.display-48,h4.display-41,h4.display-48,p.display-41,p.display-48{font-size:1.813rem}.heading-48,h1.heading-48,h2.heading-48,h3.heading-48,h4.heading-48{font-size:2.8rem}.heading-36,h1.heading-36,h2.heading-36,h3.heading-36,h4.heading-36,p.heading-36{font-size:1.813rem}.heading-29,h1.heading-29,h2.heading-29,h3.heading-29,h4.heading-29,p.heading-29{font-size:1.375rem}.heading-22,h1.heading-22,h2.heading-22,h3.heading-22,h4.heading-22,p.heading-22{font-size:1.125rem}.heading-18,h1.heading-18,h2.heading-18,h3.heading-18,h4.heading-18,p.heading-18{font-size:1rem}.heading-16,h1.heading-16,h2.heading-16,h3.heading-16,h4.heading-16,p.heading-16{font-size:.875rem}.heading-12,.heading-14,h1.heading-12,h1.heading-14,h2.heading-12,h2.heading-14,h3.heading-12,h3.heading-14,h4.heading-12,h4.heading-14,p.heading-12,p.heading-14{font-size:.75rem}}@media (max-width:576px){.display-120,h1.display-120,h3.display-120,h4.display-120,p.display-120,.display-72,h1.display-72,h3.display-72,h4.display-72,p.display-72{font-size:3rem}.display-60,h1.display-60,h3.display-60,h4.display-60,p.display-60{font-size:2.25rem}.display-41,.display-48,h1.display-41,h1.display-48,h3.display-41,h3.display-48,h4.display-41,h4.display-48,p.display-41,p.display-48{font-size:1.813rem}.heading-48,h1.heading-48,h2.heading-48,h3.heading-48,h4.heading-48{font-size:2.25rem}.heading-36,h1.heading-36,h2.heading-36,h3.heading-36,h4.heading-36,p.heading-36{font-size:1.813rem}.heading-29,h1.heading-29,h2.heading-29,h3.heading-29,h4.heading-29,p.heading-29{font-size:1.375rem}.heading-22,h1.heading-22,h2.heading-22,h3.heading-22,h4.heading-22,p.heading-22{font-size:1.125rem}.heading-18,h1.heading-18,h2.heading-18,h3.heading-18,h4.heading-18,p.heading-18{font-size:1rem}.heading-16,h1.heading-16,h2.heading-16,h3.heading-16,h4.heading-16,p.heading-16{font-size:.875rem}.heading-12,.heading-14,h1.heading-12,h1.heading-14,h2.heading-12,h2.heading-14,h3.heading-12,h3.heading-14,h4.heading-12,h4.heading-14,p.heading-12,p.heading-14{font-size:.75rem}}p:empty{display:none}.hds-meta-heading{color:#000;margin-bottom:4px}.article-color-mode-dark .hds-meta-heading,.hds-color-mode-dark li.usa-breadcrumb__list-item,.hds-fifty-fifty-item-image-wrapper div,.single.article-color-mode-dark .hds-meta-heading{color:#fff}a.hds-meta-heading,a>.hds-meta-heading{border-bottom:1px dashed #58585b}body.article-color-mode-dark .label,body.article-color-mode-dark h1:not(.wp-block-post-title),body.article-color-mode-dark h2,body.article-color-mode-dark h3,body.article-color-mode-dark h4{color:#fff}body.article-color-mode-dark .article-meta-item,body.article-color-mode-dark .article-meta-item.border-bottom{border-color:#2e2e32}body.article-color-mode-dark .border-left-1px,body.article-color-mode-dark .border-top-1px{border-color:#58585b}body.article-color-mode-dark .article-meta-item span{color:#959599}body.article-color-mode-dark .article-meta-item svg{fill:#959599}.single-post .article-meta-item .hds-meta-subheading,body.article-color-mode-dark .article-meta-item .hds-meta-subheading{color:#959599!important}.article-color-mode-dark .related-article-label span,.article-color-mode-dark .related-article-label svg{fill:#fff;color:#fff}body.single-post .border-bottom{border-color:#d1d1d1}.single-post .border-top-1px{border-color:#2e2e32}.single-post .article-meta-item span{color:#58585b}.single-post .article-meta-item svg{fill:#58585b}.wp-block-embed.is-type-video{width:100%;max-width:85rem;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto}.entry-content .wp-block-embed.is-type-video>.wp-block-embed__wrapper{width:100%;max-width:100%;height:auto;padding-bottom:56.25%;position:relative;overflow:hidden}.entry-content .wp-block-embed.is-type-video>.wp-block-embed__wrapper>iframe,.hds-media-wrapper .hds-media-ratio-cover img{width:100%;height:100%;position:absolute;top:0;left:0}.nasa-gb-align-full{z-index:300}.hds-secondary-navigation-breadcrumbs li.usa-breadcrumb__list-item.usa-current{margin-top:.13rem;display:inline-flex}.hds-caption,.hds-caption-text{text-align:left;width:100%;font-size:.75rem;line-height:1.25rem;display:block}.hds-caption.hds-media-caption{margin-top:.5em;margin-bottom:1em}.hds-caption-text{color:#58585b}.hds-tags li:hover a{color:#000}.color-mode-dark .hds-caption,.color-mode-dark .hds-caption-text,.color-mode-dark .hds-credits,.hds-tags.hds-tags-dark li:hover a{color:#fff}.hds-media-inner{width:100%;margin:0;font-size:0;line-height:1em}.hds-cover-wrapper,.hds-media-wrapper .hds-media-ratio-cover{width:100%;display:block;position:relative;overflow:hidden}.hds-media-wrapper .hds-media-ratio-cover:after{content:"";padding-bottom:56.25%;display:block;position:relative}.hds-media-wrapper .hds-media-ratio-cover img{transition:all .4s}.hds-credits{text-align:left;color:#000;font-size:.75rem;line-height:1.25rem}.hds-media-ratio-fit img{-o-object-fit:none;object-fit:none;width:100%;height:auto;position:relative}.hds-media-background,.hds-media-background img,.hds-media-inner.hds-cover-wrapper>video{-o-object-fit:cover;object-fit:cover;width:100%;height:100%;position:absolute;top:0;left:0}.hds-video-background{width:100%}.parallax-default img{position:relative}.parallax-default{-o-object-fit:cover;object-fit:cover;opacity:0;top:0;left:0}.hds-media-background img,.hds-media-background video,.hds-media-inner img,.hds-media-inner video{transition:all .4s}.parallax-default{width:100%;height:100%;position:absolute}.entry-content>:not(.hds-module),.nasa-button-link{max-width:52.5rem;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto}.entry-content>p{padding:0}@media screen and (max-width:850px){.entry-content>:not(.hds-module){padding-left:1.5rem;padding-right:1.5rem}.entry-content>ul:not(.hds-module),.nasa-button-link{padding-left:3rem;padding-right:3rem}}.simpleParallax{width:100%;height:100%;display:flex;position:absolute}.hds-media .nasa-block-align-inline{max-width:840px}.hds-media .nasa-block-align-full{max-width:100%}.hds-media .nasa-block-align-full figcaption{padding-left:40px;padding-right:40px}@media screen and (max-width:800px){.hds-media .nasa-block-align-full figcaption{padding-left:20px;padding-right:20px}}.hds-media .nasa-block-align-wide{max-width:1100px}.hds-media .hds-media-inner{width:100%;height:100%;display:flex;overflow:hidden}html:not(.wp-toolbar){scrollbar-gutter:stable;overflow-y:unset}.hds-tags{margin:0;padding:0;list-style:none}.hds-tab-nav li,.hds-tags li,.hds-tags li a{font-size:.825rem;display:inline-block}.hds-tags li{color:#b9b9bb;border:1px solid #58585b;border-radius:.25rem;margin:0 .5rem .5rem 0;padding:0;transition:all .2s}.hds-tab-nav li.hds-tab-active span,.hds-tags li:hover{border-color:#000}.hds-tags.hds-tags-dark li:hover{border-color:#fff}.hds-tags li a{color:#b9b9bb;padding:.25rem .5rem;display:block}.hds-gallery-navbar{border-color:#f4f4f4;border-bottom-style:solid;border-bottom-width:2px}.hds-tab-nav{border:0;margin:0 0 -2px;padding:0;list-style:none}.hds-tab-nav li{padding:0 .75rem}.hds-tab-nav li:first-child{padding-left:0}.hds-tab-nav li a{color:#1b1b1b}.hds-tab-nav li span{padding:.75rem 0}.hds-filter-selector-title:hover,.hds-tab-nav li:hover{cursor:pointer}.hds-tab-nav svg{fill:#959599;width:1.5rem;height:1.5rem}.hds-tab-nav li.hds-tab-active svg,.hds-tab-nav li:hover svg{fill:#000}.hds-tab-nav.hds-tab-nav-icons li span{padding:.25rem 0}.hds-filter-selector{padding:.75rem}.hds-filter-selector-dropdown-icon{border:1px solid #b9b9bb;border-radius:50%;justify-content:center;align-items:center;width:1.25rem;height:1.25rem;margin-left:.5rem;padding:.25rem;display:flex}.hds-filter-selector-dropdown-icon svg{fill:#959599;width:.75rem}.hds-filter-selector-title{align-items:center;display:flex}.hds-gallery-search input[type=search]{background-position:10px;background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:1.25rem;padding-left:2.75rem;padding-right:0}.hds-gallery-navbar{grid-template-columns:max-content 1fr max-content max-content;gap:1rem;display:grid}.hds-gallery-navbar .hds-tab-nav.hds-gallery-type-switcher{min-width:27rem}.hds-gallery-search{text-align:center;margin:0 auto}.hds-gallery-filters{grid-template-columns:max-content max-content;display:grid}.hds-gallery-filters>.hds-filter-selector:last-child{padding-right:0}.hds-filter-dropdown-mobile{display:none}.hds-gallery-mobile-search-trigger{width:1.25rem;height:1.25rem;display:none}.hds-gallery-switcher-search{display:flex}@media (max-width:576px){.hds-gallery-mobile-search-trigger{margin-left:auto;margin-right:0;padding-right:0;display:block}.hds-gallery-navbar .hds-tab-nav.hds-gallery-type-switcher{min-width:1px}.hds-gallery-switcher-search{align-items:center;width:100%;display:flex}.hds-gallery-navbar{gap:0;display:flex}.hds-filter-dropdown-mobile{display:block}.hds-filter-selector.hds-filter-dropdown-mobile,.hds-gallery-layout-switcher{width:50%}.hds-filter-selector.hds-filter-dropdown-mobile{justify-content:flex-end;padding-right:0;display:flex}.hds-gallery-navbar .hds-gallery-search{width:100%}.hds-gallery-filters,.hds-gallery-navbar .hds-gallery-search input[type=search] .hds-gallery-navbar div[role=search]{width:100%;display:block}.hds-gallery-navbar .hds-gallery-filters,.hds-gallery-navbar .hds-gallery-search{display:none}}.hds-filter-selection-title{margin-right:.25rem}.hds-filter-selector .hds-filter-selection,.hds-filter-selector .hds-filter-selection span{color:#000}.hds-gallery-items{grid-template-columns:repeat(4,1fr);gap:1rem;width:100%;display:grid}.hds-gallery-item-single{width:100%;min-height:300px;position:relative}.hds-gallery-item-overlay{z-index:100;opacity:0;background:linear-gradient(0deg,#000000c7 0,#0000 27% 100%);flex-direction:column;justify-content:flex-end;align-items:flex-start;width:100%;height:100%;transition:all .3s;display:none;position:absolute;top:0;left:0}.hds-gallery-item-single:hover{cursor:pointer}.hds-gallery-item-single:hover .hds-gallery-item-overlay{opacity:1;display:flex}.hds-content-item-thumbnail>img,.hds-gallery-item-single img,.hds-gallery-item-single video{-o-object-fit:cover;object-fit:cover;width:100%;height:100%;position:absolute;top:0;left:0}.hds-gallery-item-caption{color:#fff;width:100%;padding:1rem;font-size:.825rem;display:block}.hds-gallery-item-single .hds-video-icon{fill:#fff;z-index:999;width:30px;height:30px;position:absolute;top:20px;left:20px}@media (max-width:768px){.hds-gallery-items{grid-template-columns:repeat(3,1fr)}.hds-gallery-items .hds-gallery-item-single{min-height:160px}}@media (max-width:576px){.hds-gallery-items{grid-template-columns:repeat(2,1fr)}.hds-gallery-items .hds-gallery-item-single{min-height:130px}.hds-gallery-items .hds-gallery-item-single:hover .hds-gallery-item-overlay{opacity:0;display:none}}.hds-attachment-single__buttons{position:relative}.usa-button svg{width:1rem;height:1rem;margin-left:.75rem}.hds-button{border-radius:0;align-items:center;width:-moz-fit-content;width:fit-content;display:inline-flex}.hds-button.hds-button-download{background-color:#1c67e3;border:2px solid #1c67e3}.hds-button,.hds-button span{font-family:Inter,sans-serif;font-size:1rem;font-weight:600}.hds-button.hds-button-share{background-color:#0000;border:2px solid #1c67e3}.hds-button.hds-button-share span{color:#fff}.hds-attachment-single__metadata{border-top:1px solid #2e2e32}.hds-attachment-single__meta{grid-template-columns:1fr 1fr 1fr;gap:1.5rem;display:grid}.hds-attachment-single__meta-item>span{display:block}.hds-attachment-single__meta-item-key{margin-bottom:.25rem}.hds-attachment-single__meta-item-value{font-size:.85rem}.hds-pagination{margin:3rem 0;padding:0;font-size:0}.hds-pagination>*,.hds-pagination>*>*{font-size:1rem;line-height:1em}.hds-pagination>*{text-align:center;color:#58585b;border:1px solid #959599;min-width:2.25rem;min-height:2.25rem;margin-right:.75rem;padding:10px;display:inline-block}.hds-pagination span{font-size:1rem}.hds-pagination>span.page-numbers.current,.hds-pagination>span.page-numbers.current>span{font-weight:700}.hds-content-items-grid{grid-template-columns:repeat(3,1fr);gap:2rem;display:grid}@media screen and (max-width:1100px){.hds-content-items-grid{grid-template-columns:repeat(2,1fr)}}@media screen and (max-width:800px){.hds-content-items-grid{grid-template-columns:1fr}}.hds-content-items.hds-content-items-list .hds-content-item{grid-template-columns:15rem 1fr;gap:2rem;margin-bottom:2.5rem;display:grid}.hds-content-items.hds-content-items-list .hds-content-item-thumbnail{margin-bottom:0}@media screen and (max-width:800px){.hds-content-items.hds-content-items-list .hds-content-item{grid-template-columns:1fr;gap:1rem}}.hds-content-item-thumbnail{margin-bottom:1rem;display:block;position:relative}.hds-content-item-thumbnail:after{content:"";padding-bottom:56.25%;display:block}.hds-content-item-heading{color:#000;margin-bottom:.5rem;display:block}.hds-content-item-heading h2,.hds-content-item-heading h3,.hds-content-item-heading h4{color:#000}.hds-pagination>a.page-numbers:hover,.hds-pagination>a.page-numbers:hover>span,.hds-pagination>span.page-numbers.current,.hds-pagination>span.page-numbers.current>span{color:#000;border-color:#000}figure.hds-media-background .hds-video-background{width:100%;height:100%}.entry-content video{max-width:100%}.entry-content ol li,.entry-content ul li{margin-bottom:.75rem}.link-external-true svg{transform:rotate(-45deg)}.hds-404-callout p a{color:#fff;text-underline-offset:.3em;text-decoration:underline}.hds-button{box-sizing:border-box}.hds-button img,.hds-button svg{width:1.1rem;height:1.1rem}.hds-button.hds-button-primary{color:#fff;background-color:#f64137;border:1px solid #f64137}.hds-button.hds-button-primary>svg{color:#fff;fill:#fff}.entry-content ol li ol,.entry-content ol li ul,.entry-content ul li ol,.entry-content ul li ul{margin-top:.75rem}.entry-content ol li::marker{color:#1c67e3}.entry-content ul li::marker{color:#1c67e3}.entry-content h1 a:hover,.entry-content h2 a:hover,.entry-content h3 a:hover,.entry-content h4 a:hover,.entry-content li a:hover,.entry-content p a:hover,.entry-content td a:hover,.entry-content th a:hover{cursor:pointer;text-decoration-style:solid;text-decoration-color:#1b1b1b}.entry-content h1 a,.entry-content h2 a,.entry-content h3 a,.entry-content h4 a,.entry-content li a,.entry-content p a,.entry-content td a,.entry-content th a{color:#1b1b1b;text-underline-offset:.25rem;-webkit-text-decoration:underline dashed #585858;text-decoration:underline dashed #585858;text-decoration-thickness:.05em}.hds-image-download-wrapper{position:relative}.hds-image-download-wrapper .hds-image-download-link{position:absolute;top:1rem;right:1rem}.hds-gallery-preview{margin:0 auto}.hds-gallery-preview-items,.hds-gallery-preview-row{display:flex}.hds-gallery-preview-row.hds-gallery-preview-row-lg{height:20rem;margin-bottom:.85rem}.hds-gallery-preview-row.hds-gallery-preview-row-sm{height:12rem}.hds-gallery-preview-col.hds-gallery-preview-flex-two{flex:2.035}.hds-gallery-preview-col.hds-gallery-preview-flex-three{flex:3}.hds-gallery-preview-grid{flex-direction:column;display:flex}.hds-gallery-preview-grid .hds-gallery-preview-item{flex:unset;width:50%;margin-bottom:.85rem;margin-right:.85rem}.hds-gallery-preview-row-sm .hds-gallery-preview-item{margin-right:.85rem}.hds-gallery-preview-row-sm .hds-gallery-preview-item:last-child{margin-right:0}.hds-gallery-preview-grid .hds-gallery-preview-row{height:50%}@media screen and (min-width:1024px){.hds-gallery-preview-grid .hds-gallery-preview-row:last-child .hds-gallery-preview-item{margin-bottom:0}}.hds-gallery-preview-item{flex:1;overflow:hidden}.hds-gallery-preview-item img{width:100%;height:100%}.hds-gallery-preview-label,.hds-gallery-preview-label span{letter-spacing:.1em}.hds-gallery-preview-label svg{width:1.1rem;height:1.1rem;margin-right:.5rem}@media screen and (max-width:1023px){.hds-gallery-preview-flex-two .hds-gallery-preview-row{grid-gap:.85em;grid-template-columns:auto auto;display:grid}.hds-gallery-preview-flex-two .hds-gallery-preview-row .hds-gallery-preview-item{justify-content:center;align-items:center;width:100%;margin-right:0;display:flex}.hds-gallery-preview-row{height:-moz-fit-content;height:fit-content}.hds-gallery-preview-row-lg{display:block}.hds-gallery-preview-row-2{grid-gap:.85em;grid-template-columns:auto auto;display:grid}.hds-gallery-preview-row-2 .hds-gallery-preview-item{justify-content:center;align-items:center;width:100%;display:flex}.hds-gallery-preview-row.hds-gallery-preview-row-lg,.hds-gallery-preview-row.hds-gallery-preview-row-sm{height:-moz-fit-content;height:fit-content}.hds-gallery-preview-item{height:7.5rem}.hds-gallery-preview-item.hds-gallery-preview-item-featured{height:11rem}}.hds-gallery-preview-item .hds-cover-wrapper{display:flex}.hds-gallery-preview-item .hds-video-icon{fill:#fff;z-index:999;width:30px;height:30px;position:absolute;top:20px;left:20px}.hds-gallery-preview-row:last-child{margin-bottom:0}.hds-topic-card{width:100%;height:auto;min-height:27rem;display:block}.hds-topic-card:after{content:"";padding-bottom:177.78%;display:block}.hds-topic-card-heading{align-items:center;display:flex}.hds-topic-card-heading span{margin-right:.5em}.hds-topic-card-heading svg{width:.9em;min-width:.9em;height:.9em}.news-item-stack{flex-direction:column;display:flex}.news-item-stack .news-item .hds-cover-wrapper{height:100%;min-height:0}.news-item>.hds-cover-wrapper{min-height:410px}@media screen and (max-width:800px){.news-item-stack .news-item .hds-cover-wrapper{min-height:200px}.news-item>.hds-cover-wrapper{min-height:320px}}.latest-news-item a{display:block}.latest-news-items .hds-cover-wrapper{height:100%!important}figure.wp-block-embed.is-type-video figcaption{text-align:left;color:#58585b;width:100%;margin-top:.5em;margin-bottom:1em;padding-top:1rem;padding-bottom:1rem;font-size:.75rem;line-height:1.25rem;display:block}.flex-wrap{flex-wrap:wrap}.grid-container-extrawide{max-width:110rem}.usa-header .usa-input[type=search]{color:#fff}.usa-header .usa-search--small:before{display:none!important}.search-mobile{justify-content:center;align-items:center;display:flex;width:22px!important;height:22px!important}.search-mobile img,.search-mobile svg{width:100%;height:auto}.usa-header-primary button span{font-size:1.1rem}.usa-nav__link{background:0 0;border:0}.usa-nav__link span,.usa-nav__link a,.usa-list a,.usa-list span{font-family:inter,sans-serif}.usa-header.usa-header-primary span,.usa-header.usa-header-primary a{width:calc(100% - 12px);font-size:1.1rem;font-weight:600}.usa-header.text-white .usa-nav__primary button,.usa-header.text-white .usa-nav__link span,.usa-header.text-white .usa-nav__primary button[aria-expanded=false]:hover{color:#fff;background-image:none}.usa-header input[type=search]{max-width:200px}.usa-header .usa-nav__primary .usa-nav__primary-item:hover{cursor:pointer}.usa-header.text-white .usa-nav__link:hover:after,.usa-header.text-white .usa-nav__primary-item>.usa-current:after{background-color:#fff}.usa-header-primary .usa-logo{flex:unset}.usa-list a,.usa-list span{font-size:.95rem;line-height:1em;display:block}.hds-nasa-header.usa-header,#global-navigation{z-index:9999}.global-nav__primary-list.usa-nav__submenu-list .usa-nav__submenu-item{border-top:0;margin-top:0}.global-nav__primary-list.usa-nav__submenu-list .usa-nav__submenu-item a{align-items:center;width:100%;line-height:1em;display:flex}.global-nav__primary-list.usa-nav__submenu-list .usa-nav__submenu-item a:hover,.global-nav__secondary-list.usa-nav__submenu-list .usa-nav__submenu-item a:hover{text-decoration:none}.global-nav__primary-list.usa-nav__submenu-list li.usa-nav__submenu-item>a>span{border-bottom:1px solid #0000;padding-bottom:0}.global-nav__primary-list.usa-nav__submenu-list li.usa-nav__submenu-item>a:hover>span,.global-nav__primary-list.usa-nav__submenu-list li.usa-nav__submenu-item.usa-current>a>span{border-bottom:1px dashed #fff}.global-nav__secondary-list.usa-nav__submenu-list .usa-nav__submenu-item>a{width:100%;display:inline-flex}.global-nav__secondary-list.usa-nav__submenu-list .usa-nav__submenu-item>a>svg{margin-left:auto;margin-right:0}.global-nav__secondary-list.usa-nav__submenu-list>.usa-nav__submenu-item{margin-top:0}.global-nav__primary-list.usa-nav__submenu-list>.usa-nav__submenu-item a,.global-nav__secondary-list.usa-nav__submenu-list>.usa-nav__submenu-item a{color:#fff;width:100%;padding:.5rem 1rem;line-height:1.4;display:block}.global-nav__secondary-list.usa-nav__submenu-list>.usa-nav__submenu-item a{border-bottom:1px solid #2e2e32;align-items:center;padding-left:0;padding-right:0;display:flex}.global-nav__secondary-submenu,.global-nav__tertiary-submenu{display:none}.global-nav__secondary-submenu.usa-active,.global-nav__tertiary-submenu.usa-active{display:block}.global-nav__primary-list.usa-nav__submenu-list .usa-nav__submenu-item svg{display:none}.global-nav__primary-wrapper{max-width:20rem;margin-top:4px}.global-nav__secondary-wrapper{max-width:25rem}.global-nav__primary-list.usa-nav__submenu-list .usa-nav__submenu-item svg{fill:#fff;width:10px;height:10px;margin-left:auto;margin-right:0}button#global-navigation-trigger svg{transition:all .2s}button#global-navigation-trigger:after,button#global-navigation-trigger:hover:after,button#global-navigation-trigger>span:after,button#global-navigation-trigger:hover>span:after{display:none!important}button#global-navigation-trigger,button#global-navigation-trigger:hover{background-image:none}button[aria-expanded=true]#global-navigation-trigger{background-color:#0000}button[aria-expanded=true]#global-navigation-trigger svg{transform:rotate(-180deg)}.global-nav__secondary-list .usa-nav__submenu-item img{width:24px;height:24px;margin-right:12px}#global-navigation .usa-nav__submenu a:not(.usa-button){padding-left:0!important}.global-nav__mobile-return{display:none}.global-nav__mobile-return:hover{cursor:pointer}.global-nav__mobile-return button.global-nav__back{box-shadow:none;color:#fff;text-align:left;background:0 0;border:0;width:100%;padding:1.1rem 0}.global-nav__mobile-return button.global-nav__back svg{fill:#fff;width:12px;height:12px;margin-right:2px}hr.global-nav__separator{border-color:#58585b}.hds-global-menu-item.hds-global-menu-item-mobile{display:none}.global-nav__secondary-list .usa-nav__submenu-item svg{width:20px;height:20px}.global-nav__secondary-submenu .button-primary{display:flex}@media screen and (max-width:800px){.usa-nav__submenu a:not(.usa-button){display:flex;padding-left:0!important}.global-nav__home.global-nav__features{display:none}.hds-global-menu-item.hds-global-menu-item-mobile{display:block}.global-nav__secondary,.global-nav__tertiary{display:none}.global-nav__mobile-return,.global-nav__primary-list.usa-nav__submenu-list .usa-nav__submenu-item svg{display:block}.global-nav__primary-list.usa-nav__submenu-list>.usa-nav__submenu-item a,.global-nav__secondary-list.usa-nav__submenu-list>.usa-nav__submenu-item a{padding:1rem 0}#global-navigation .global-nav__primary,#global-navigation .global-nav__secondary{background-color:#000;width:100%;position:absolute;top:0}#global-navigation{width:100vw;height:calc(100vh - 100px);position:absolute;left:0;overflow:hidden scroll}#global-navigation .global-nav__primary-wrapper{padding-bottom:3.5rem}.global-nav__secondary{display:block}.global-nav__primary{z-index:999}.global-nav__home{transition:all .4s}.global-nav__primary{transition:all .4s;transform:translate(0)}.global-nav__secondary{transition:all .4s;transform:translate(100%)}.global-nav__wrapper{padding:1.5rem}#global-navigation .usa-nav__submenu-item{border:0}.global-nav__primary-wrapper,.global-nav__secondary-wrapper{max-width:100%}.global-nav__primary-list.usa-nav__submenu-list>.usa-nav__submenu-item a,.global-nav__secondary-list.usa-nav__submenu-list>.usa-nav__submenu-item a{display:flex}}#global-navigation.usa-megamenu.usa-nav__submenu:after,#global-navigation.usa-megamenu.usa-nav__submenu:before{display:none}.hds-nav-primary{margin:0;padding:0;list-style:none}.hds-nav-has-submenu{position:relative}.hds-nav-has-submenu svg{color:#fff;fill:#fff;margin-left:.5rem;transition:all .2s}.hds-nav-has-submenu span:after{display:none!important}.hds-nav__submenu{z-index:-999;background:#000;min-width:18rem;padding:1rem 0;list-style:none;position:absolute;top:100%;right:0}.hds-nav-has-submenu:hover .usa-nav__link:hover:after{display:none!important}.hds-nav__submenu:not([hidden]){z-index:99999;display:block}.usa-nav__primary .hds-nav-has-submenu button[aria-expanded=true]{background:0 0}.hds-submenu-item,.hds-submenu-item>a{list-style:none;display:block}.hds-nav__submenu>li.hds-submenu-item>a{color:#fff;width:100%;padding:.5rem 1.5rem;font-size:1rem;font-weight:400;line-height:1.4;display:block}.hds-nav__submenu>li.hds-submenu-item>a>span{color:#fff;font-size:1rem;font-weight:400}.hds-nav__submenu .button-primary{align-items:center;margin-bottom:.5rem;padding:.7rem 1.5rem;display:flex}.hds-nav__submenu .button-primary svg{min-width:1.5rem;min-height:1.5rem}.hds-nav__submenu .hds-submenu-item a>span{border-bottom:1px solid #0000;padding-bottom:0}.hds-nav__submenu .hds-submenu-item:hover a>span{border-bottom:1px dashed #fff}.usa-nav__primary .hds-nav-has-submenu button[aria-expanded=true] svg{transform:rotate(-180deg)}.hds-explore-nav-trigger svg{transition:all .2s}.hds-explore-nav-trigger button[aria-expanded=true] svg{transform:rotate(-180deg)}.hds-banner-content{text-align:center;display:block}.hds-banner-content a{color:#fff;text-underline-offset:.3em;text-decoration:underline}.hds-banner-content p{font-weight:400}a.hds-nav__link-nasa-live.usa-nav__link-nasa-live>span{white-space:nowrap;margin-right:0}@keyframes live_pulse{0%,to{opacity:1}50%{opacity:.75}}.hds-secondary-navigation .usa-breadcrumb__list-item:not(:last-child):after{content:"/";background-color:#0000;width:-moz-fit-content;width:fit-content;height:-moz-fit-content;height:fit-content;margin:0 10px;padding:0;font-size:1rem;bottom:0;-webkit-mask:none;mask:none}.hds-secondary-navigation .usa-breadcrumb__link span{text-decoration:none}.hds-secondary-navigation .usa-breadcrumb{max-width:inherit;width:100%}.hds-secondary-navigation .hds-secondary-navigation-menu-items ul li{margin-bottom:0}.hds-secondary-navigation .hds-secondary-navigation-menu-items ul li ul{margin-top:0}.hds-secondary-navigation *{font-family:inter,sans-serif}.hds-secondary-navigation .usa-nav__primary button,.hds-secondary-navigation .usa-nav__link{font-weight:600}.hds-secondary-navigation .usa-nav__submenu{padding:0;box-shadow:3px 3px 16px #0000001a}.usa-breadcrumb__list-item.usa-current,.hds-secondary-navigation .usa-breadcrumb__link,.hds-secondary-navigation .usa-breadcrumb__link:visited,.hds-secondary-navigation .usa-breadcrumb__list .usa-breadcrumb__list-item:not(:last-child):after{font-size:.8rem}.hds-secondary-navigation .usa-nav__submenu .usa-nav__submenu-item a,.hds-secondary-navigation .usa-nav__submenu .usa-nav__submenu-item a:hover{padding:.5rem 1rem}.hds-secondary-navigation .usa-nav__submenu .usa-nav__submenu-item a{text-align:left;margin:0;display:block}.hds-secondary-navigation .usa-nav__submenu .usa-nav__submenu-item+*{margin-top:0}.hds-secondary-navigation .usa-nav__primary button[aria-expanded=true] span:after,.hds-secondary-navigation .usa-nav__primary button span:after{display:none!important}.hds-secondary-navigation button.usa-accordion__button.usa-nav__link{align-items:center;display:flex}.hds-secondary-navigation button.usa-accordion__button.usa-nav__link svg{width:10px;min-width:10px;height:10px}.hds-secondary-navigation .usa-nav__primary button,.hds-color-mode-light.hds-secondary-navigation .usa-nav__primary button[aria-expanded=true],.hds-secondary-navigation .usa-nav__submenu .usa-nav__submenu-item a,.hds-secondary-navigation.hds-color-mode-light .usa-nav__primary>.usa-nav__primary-item>a{font-size:.875rem}.hds-secondary-navigation .usa-breadcrumb{background:0 0}.hds-secondary-navigation .usa-nav__primary .usa-accordion__button span{padding-right:.65rem}.hds-secondary-navigation button.usa-nav__link svg{transition:all .2s}.hds-secondary-navigation button.usa-nav__link[aria-expanded=true] svg{transform:rotate(-180deg)}.hds-secondary-navigation-menu-items .usa-nav__primary-item{text-align:left}.hds-color-mode-light.hds-secondary-navigation,.hds-color-mode-light.hds-secondary-navigation .usa-nav__primary button[aria-expanded=true],.hds-color-mode-light.hds-secondary-navigation .usa-nav__submenu{background-color:#fff}.hds-color-mode-light.hds-secondary-navigation .usa-breadcrumb__link,.hds-color-mode-light.hds-secondary-navigation .usa-breadcrumb__link:visited,.hds-secondary-navigation.hds-secondary-navigation .usa-breadcrumb__list .usa-breadcrumb__list-item:not(:last-child):after{color:#58585b}.hds-color-mode-light.hds-secondary-navigation .usa-breadcrumb__list-item.usa-current .usa-breadcrumb__link{color:#000}.hds-secondary-navigation.hds-color-mode-light .usa-nav__primary button,.hds-color-mode-light.hds-secondary-navigation .usa-nav__primary button[aria-expanded=true],.hds-color-mode-light.hds-secondary-navigation .usa-nav__submenu .usa-nav__submenu-item a,.hds-secondary-navigation .usa-nav__primary>.usa-nav__primary-item>a,.hds-secondary-navigation.hds-color-mode-light .usa-nav__primary>.usa-nav__primary-item>a:hover{color:#2e2e32}.hds-secondary-navigation.hds-color-mode-light{border-color:#d1d1d1}.hds-secondary-navigation.hds-color-mode-light button.usa-accordion__button.usa-nav__link svg{fill:#2e2e32}.hds-color-mode-dark.hds-secondary-navigation,.hds-color-mode-dark.hds-secondary-navigation .usa-nav__primary button[aria-expanded=true],.hds-color-mode-dark.hds-secondary-navigation .usa-nav__submenu{background-color:#17171b}.hds-color-mode-dark.hds-secondary-navigation .usa-breadcrumb__link,.hds-color-mode-dark.hds-secondary-navigation .usa-breadcrumb__link:visited,.hds-secondary-navigation.hds-secondary-navigation .usa-breadcrumb__list .usa-breadcrumb__list-item:not(:last-child):after{color:#959599}.hds-color-mode-dark.hds-secondary-navigation .usa-breadcrumb__list-item.usa-current .usa-breadcrumb__link,.hds-color-mode-dark.hds-secondary-navigation .usa-nav__primary>.usa-nav__primary-item{color:#fff}.hds-secondary-navigation.hds-color-mode-dark .usa-nav__primary>.usa-nav__primary-item>a:hover{color:#959599}.hds-secondary-navigation.hds-color-mode-dark .usa-nav__primary button,.hds-color-mode-dark.hds-secondary-navigation .usa-nav__primary button[aria-expanded=true],.hds-color-mode-dark.hds-secondary-navigation .usa-nav__submenu .usa-nav__submenu-item a,.hds-secondary-navigation.hds-color-mode-dark .usa-nav__primary>.usa-nav__primary-item>a{color:#fff}.hds-secondary-navigation.hds-color-mode-dark button.usa-accordion__button.usa-nav__link svg{fill:#fff}.hds-secondary-navigation.hds-color-mode-dark{border-color:#17171b}.usa-breadcrumb__list{justify-content:flex-start;align-items:center;display:flex}.hds-secondary-navigation-menu-items{z-index:1000}.hds-secondary-nav-track{align-items:center;display:flex}.hds-secondary-navigation .hds-secondary-navigation-breadcrumbs,.hds-secondary-navigation .hds-secondary-navigation-menu-spacer{flex:0 auto;width:25%}.hds-secondary-navigation .hds-secondary-navigation-menu-items{flex:auto;width:50%}.usa-nav__primary>.usa-nav__primary-item>a{padding:1rem .75rem}.hds-secondary-navigation .usa-nav__primary button:hover,.hds-secondary-navigation .usa-nav__primary a:not(.usa-button):hover{background-color:#0000}.hds-secondary-nav-track{font-size:0;line-height:1em}@media screen and (max-width:1023px){.hds-secondary-navigation .hds-secondary-nav-track.grid-container{width:100%;max-width:100%}.hds-secondary-nav-track{padding:0;font-size:0;line-height:1em;display:block}.hds-secondary-navigation .hds-secondary-navigation-menu-items{width:100%}.hds-secondary-navigation-menu-items li a.usa-nav__link,.hds-color-mode-dark.hds-secondary-navigation .usa-nav__submenu .usa-nav__submenu-item a{text-align:left;padding:1rem;font-size:.875rem}.hds-secondary-navigation-menu-items li,.hds-secondary-navigation-menu-items li a.usa-nav__link{border:0}.hds-secondary-navigation .usa-nav__submenu a:not(.usa-button){padding-left:1rem!important}.hds-color-mode-dark.hds-secondary-navigation .usa-nav__submenu{background-color:#2e2e32}.hds-secondary-navigation .hds-secondary-navigation-menu-items{display:none}.hds-secondary-navigation .usa-nav__submenu{box-shadow:none}.hds-secondary-navigation.hds-color-mode-light .usa-nav__submenu{background-color:#eee}.hds-secondary-navigation .usa-nav__submenu .usa-nav__submenu-item a,.hds-secondary-navigation .usa-nav__submenu .usa-nav__submenu-item a:hover{padding:1rem}.hds-secondary-navigation-menu-items li,.hds-secondary-navigation-menu-items li a.usa-nav__link,.hds-secondary-navigation .usa-nav__primary .usa-accordion__button span{font-weight:400}}@media screen and (min-width:1024px){.hds-secondary-navigation-menu-items{position:relative;display:block!important}}@media screen and (min-width:1025px) and (max-width:1600px){.hds-secondary-nav-track{display:block}.hds-secondary-navigation .hds-secondary-navigation-breadcrumbs,.hds-secondary-navigation .hds-secondary-navigation-menu-items{width:100%;max-width:100%}.hds-secondary-navigation-breadcrumbs{padding:.75rem 2rem .5rem}}.hds-search-panel-mobile{z-index:-9999;opacity:0;visibility:hidden;width:0;height:0}.hds-search-panel-mobile.hds-active{z-index:99999;opacity:1;visibility:visible;width:100vw;height:100vh;animation:.4s forwards panelSlideInLeft;position:absolute;top:0;left:0;overflow:hidden scroll}.hds-search-panel-bar{grid-template-columns:max-content 1fr max-content;align-items:center;gap:.5rem;display:grid}.hds-search-panel-mobile .hds-search input[type=search]{color:#fff;border:0;height:2.5rem}.hds-search input[type=search]::-ms-clear{width:0;height:0;display:none}.hds-search input[type=search]::-ms-reveal{width:0;height:0;display:none}.hds-search input[type=search]::-webkit-search-decoration{display:none}.hds-search input[type=search]::-webkit-search-cancel-button{display:none}.hds-search input[type=search]::-webkit-search-results-button{display:none}.hds-search input[type=search]::-webkit-search-results-decoration{display:none}ul.hds-search-suggestions{padding-left:0;list-style:none}.hds-search-suggestion>a{border-bottom-color:#d1d1d1;grid-template-columns:max-content 1fr max-content;align-items:center;gap:.75rem;width:100%;display:grid}.hds-search-suggestion.hds-search-suggestion-more>a{grid-template-columns:1fr max-content}.hds-search-suggestion-search-icon{width:1rem;height:1rem}.hds-search-suggestion-go-icon{width:1.25rem;height:1.25rem}.hds-search-panel-bar-search-icon{width:1rem;height:1rem}.hds-search-panel-mobile .hds-search input[type=search]{float:none}body.admin-bar .hds-search-panel-mobile.hds-active{margin-top:32px!important}@media screen and (max-width:782px){body.admin-bar .hds-search-panel-mobile.hds-active{margin-top:46px!important}}.hds-global-menu-toggle,.hds-search-panel-mobile-trigger{border:unset;background:unset;padding:unset}.hds-search-panel-mobile-trigger:hover{cursor:pointer}body .menu-toggle{cursor:pointer;align-items:center;width:18px;height:18px;display:flex}.menu-toggle-icon{flex-direction:column;display:flex;position:relative}.menu-toggle-icon-top{margin-bottom:5px}.menu-toggle-icon-bottom{margin-top:5px}.menu-toggle-icon-top,.menu-toggle-icon-bottom,.menu-toggle-icon-center{content:"";background:#fff;width:20px;height:2px;transition:all .3s;display:inline-block;position:relative}.menu-toggle-active .menu-toggle-icon-center{opacity:0}.menu-toggle-active .menu-toggle-icon-top{margin-bottom:-2px;transform:rotate(135deg)}.menu-toggle-active .menu-toggle-icon-bottom{margin-top:-2px;transform:rotate(-135deg)}.usa-footer__primary-section>.grid-container,.usa-footer>.grid-container{max-width:1400px;padding-left:0!important;padding-right:0!important}.hds-footer-details{max-width:22rem}.hds-footer-menu{margin:0;padding:0;list-style:none}.hds-menu-col-3{-moz-columns:3;columns:3}@media screen and (max-width:768px){.hds-menu-col-3{-moz-columns:2;columns:2}}.hds-footer-menu>li{display:block}.hds-footer-menu>li>a,.hds-footer-menu *{font-size:.9rem;font-weight:400;line-height:1.2em}.hds-footer-menu>li>a{padding:.5rem 0;display:block}.hds-footer-menu>li>a:hover>span{text-underline-offset:.3em;-webkit-text-decoration:underline dashed;text-decoration:underline dashed}.hds-footer-menu.hds-footer-menu-horizontal>li{display:inline-block}.hds-footer-menu.hds-footer-menu-horizontal>li>a{padding:.5rem .75rem}.hds-footer-menu.hds-footer-menu-horizontal>li:first-child>a{padding-left:0}.hds-footer-menu.hds-footer-menu-horizontal>li.hds-footer-meta{margin-right:2rem;display:inline-flex}@media screen and (max-width:1200px){.hds-footer-menu.hds-footer-menu-horizontal>li{width:100%;padding:0;display:block}.hds-footer-menu.hds-footer-menu-horizontal>li>a{padding:.35rem 0}.hds-footer-menu.hds-footer-menu-horizontal{-moz-columns:3;columns:3}}@media screen and (max-width:800px){.hds-footer-menu.hds-footer-menu-horizontal{-moz-columns:2;columns:2}.hds-footer-menu.hds-footer-menu-horizontal.hds-menu-meta{-moz-columns:1;columns:1}}.hds-footer-meta .hds-footer-meta-label{padding-right:.5rem}.hds-footer-meta .hds-footer-meta-value{font-weight:600}.hds-footer-secondary{border-color:#58585b}@media screen and (min-width:1024px){.hds-footer-secondary{margin-top:1.5rem}}.social-icons{padding:0;list-style:none;display:flex}.social-icons a{background-color:#2e2e32;border-radius:50%;justify-content:center;align-items:center;width:32px;height:32px;margin:0 12px 0 0;display:flex}.social-icons a:hover,.social-icons a:focus{background-color:#58585b}.social-icons a svg{fill:#fff;width:16px;height:16px}.social-icons .social-icon.social-icon-rss a svg{width:24px;height:24px}.color-mode-dark .hds-caption-text.color-carbon-30{color:#b9b9bb}.hds-feature-intro{position:relative;overflow:hidden}.hds-feature-intro-wrapper{grid-template-rows:1fr max-content;display:grid}.hds-feature-intro-content{align-items:center;display:flex;position:relative}.hds-feature-intro-content-inner{max-width:40rem}.hds-feature-intro-label .hds-tag-label-wrapper{justify-content:center;align-items:center;display:flex;position:relative}.hds-feature-intro-label .hds-tag-label-wrapper>svg{width:100%;position:relative}.hds-feature-intro-label .hds-tag-label-wrapper:before{content:"";opacity:1;border:1px dashed #ff5c52;border-radius:50%;width:2rem;height:2rem;animation:1.5s infinite pulse;display:block;position:absolute}@keyframes pulse{0%{opacity:1;transform:scale(1)}50%{opacity:.5;transform:scale(1.2)}to{opacity:1;transform:scale(1)}}@media screen and (max-width:800px){.hds-feature-intro .hds-feature-intro-heading{font-size:3.5rem}}.hds-feature-outro{justify-content:center;align-items:center;min-height:85vh;display:flex;position:relative;overflow:hidden}.hds-feature-outro-wrapper{z-index:500;justify-content:center;align-items:center;width:100%;height:100%;display:flex;position:relative}.hds-feature-outro-image .hds-media-inner{overflow:visible;height:auto!important}.hds-feature-outro-image .hds-media-wrapper .hds-media-inner>img{left:unset;top:unset;width:100%;height:auto;max-height:60vh;-o-object-fit:contain!important;object-fit:contain!important;position:relative!important;transform:none!important}.hds-feature-outro-image *{-o-object-fit:contain;object-fit:contain;left:unset!important;top:unset!important;height:-moz-fit-content!important;height:fit-content!important;position:relative!important}.hds-feature-outro-image .hds-media-wrapper .hds-media-ratio-cover:after{display:none}@media screen and (max-width:1000px){.hds-feature-outro .hds-feature-outro-grid{flex-direction:column-reverse;display:flex}.hds-feature-outro-image .hds-media-wrapper .hds-media-inner>img{max-height:25rem}}@media screen and (max-width:767px){.hds-feature-outro-image .hds-media-wrapper .hds-media-inner>img{max-height:20rem}}.hds-feature-outro-image.hds-feature-outro-image-frontend *{-o-object-fit:contain!important;object-fit:contain!important;position:relative!important}.hds-feature-outro .hds-feature-outro-content-inner p{color:#fff}.hds-chapter-divider{position:relative;overflow:hidden}.hds-tag-label{justify-content:center;align-items:center;display:flex}.hds-chapter-divider-wrapper{grid-template-rows:1fr max-content;display:grid}.hds-chapter-divider-content{align-items:center;display:flex;position:relative}.hds-chapter-divider-content-inner{max-width:35rem}.hds-chapter-tag-wrapper{width:100%;display:flex}.hds-chapter-divider-label .hds-tag-label-wrapper{justify-content:center;align-items:center;display:flex;position:relative}.hds-tag-label .hds-tag-label-wrapper{width:1.25rem;height:1.25rem;margin-right:.75rem}.hds-chapter-divider-label .hds-tag-label-wrapper>svg{width:100%;position:relative}.hds-chapter-divider-label .hds-tag-label-wrapper:before{content:"";opacity:1;border:1px dashed #ff5c52;border-radius:50%;width:2rem;height:2rem;animation:1.5s infinite pulse;display:block;position:absolute}.hds-fifty-fifty-item{width:100%;height:auto;overflow:hidden}@media screen and (min-width:800px){.hds-fifty-fifty-item{min-height:85vh}}.hds-fifty-fifty-item>.hds-fifty-fifty-inner{height:100%}.hds-fifty-fifty-item-image-wrapper,.hds-fifty-fifty-item-image-wrapper>.hds-media-wrapper,.hds-fifty-fifty-item-image-wrapper>.hds-media-wrapper>figure{z-index:9;height:100%;display:block}.hds-fifty-fifty-item-image{overflow:hidden}@media screen and (max-width:800px){.hds-fifty-fifty-item-image-wrapper>.hds-media-wrapper>figure{min-height:15rem}}html{overflow-y:unset}body{overflow-x:unset}.grid-container-block{max-width:90rem}.hds-grid-container{max-width:87.5rem}@media (min-width:64em){.desktop\:maxw-tablet-lg{max-width:55rem}.desktop\:flex-align-center{align-items:center}}.BlockWrapper.hds-media.hds-media-align-inline,.BlockWrapper.hds-media.hds-media-align-wide,.BlockWrapper.hds-media.hds-media-align-full,.BlockWrapper.hds-media .nasa-block-align-inline,.BlockWrapper.hds-media .nasa-block-align-wide,.BlockWrapper.hds-media .nasa-block-align-full{max-width:unset}.entry-content{min-height:unset}.hds-tags li{border:none}.hds-tags li a{border:1px solid #58585b;border-radius:.25rem;transition:all .2s}.hds-tags li a:hover{border-color:#000}.hds-tags.hds-tags-dark li{border-color:#959599}.hds-tags.hds-tags-dark li a{color:#959599}.hds-tags.hds-tags-dark li a:hover{color:#f6f6f6;border-color:#f6f6f6}.single.article-color-mode-dark .button-primary,.single.article-color-mode-dark .button-primary span,.single.article-color-mode-dark .grid-row div,.single.article-color-mode-dark .label,.single.article-color-mode-dark .p-lg,.single.article-color-mode-dark .p-md,.single.article-color-mode-dark .p-sm,.single.article-color-mode-dark .page-heading-lg,.single.article-color-mode-dark .page-heading-md,.single.article-color-mode-dark .section-heading-md,.single.article-color-mode-dark .section-heading-sm,.single.article-color-mode-dark .subheading,.single.article-color-mode-dark a.button-primary,.single.article-color-mode-dark h1,.single.article-color-mode-dark h2,.single.article-color-mode-dark h3,.single.article-color-mode-dark h4,.single.article-color-mode-dark p,.single.article-color-mode-dark p a{color:#f6f6f6!important}.article-color-mode-dark .BlockWrapper .label span{color:#f6f6f6}.article-color-mode-dark .BlockWrapper .label svg path{fill:#f6f6f6}.smd-padding-x-responsive{padding-left:1.5rem;padding-right:1.5rem}@media screen and (min-width:1474px){.smd-padding-x-responsive{padding-left:0;padding-right:0}}.smd-external-link-warning-icon{vertical-align:middle;margin-left:.125rem}@media screen and (min-width:1474px){.smd-external-link-warning-icon{vertical-align:baseline}}.social-icons li.social-icon a{color:#fff}.social-icons li.social-icon.social-icon-rss svg{width:20px;height:20px}.usa-nav__link-nasa-live span:after{content:"Live";letter-spacing:.1em;text-transform:uppercase;vertical-align:middle;border:1px solid #f64137;border-radius:2px;margin-block-start:-.1em;margin-inline-start:.5em;padding:.2em .3em;font-family:DM Mono,monospace;font-size:.65em;font-weight:500;line-height:.9;display:inline-block!important}.usa-nav__link-nasa-live:hover span:after{background-color:#b60109}.is-live .usa-nav__link-nasa-live span:after{color:#fff;background-color:#f64137;animation:3s infinite live_pulse}</style> <style>:root{--swiper-theme-color:#007aff}.swiper{z-index:1;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;padding:0;list-style:none;display:block;position:relative;overflow:hidden}.swiper-vertical>.swiper-wrapper{flex-direction:column}.swiper-wrapper{z-index:1;transition-property:transform;transition-timing-function:var(--swiper-wrapper-transition-timing-function,initial);box-sizing:content-box;width:100%;height:100%;display:flex;position:relative}.swiper-android .swiper-slide,.swiper-ios .swiper-slide,.swiper-wrapper{transform:translate(0,0)}.swiper-horizontal{touch-action:pan-y}.swiper-vertical{touch-action:pan-x}.swiper-slide{flex-shrink:0;width:100%;height:100%;transition-property:transform;display:block;position:relative}.swiper-slide-invisible-blank{visibility:hidden}.swiper-autoheight,.swiper-autoheight .swiper-slide{height:auto}.swiper-autoheight .swiper-wrapper{align-items:flex-start;transition-property:transform,height}.swiper-backface-hidden .swiper-slide{-webkit-backface-visibility:hidden;backface-visibility:hidden;transform:translateZ(0)}.swiper-3d.swiper-css-mode .swiper-wrapper{perspective:1200px}.swiper-3d .swiper-wrapper{transform-style:preserve-3d}.swiper-3d{perspective:1200px}.swiper-3d .swiper-slide,.swiper-3d .swiper-cube-shadow{transform-style:preserve-3d}.swiper-css-mode>.swiper-wrapper{scrollbar-width:none;-ms-overflow-style:none;overflow:auto}.swiper-css-mode>.swiper-wrapper::-webkit-scrollbar{display:none}.swiper-css-mode>.swiper-wrapper>.swiper-slide{scroll-snap-align:start start}.swiper-css-mode.swiper-horizontal>.swiper-wrapper{scroll-snap-type:x mandatory}.swiper-css-mode.swiper-vertical>.swiper-wrapper{scroll-snap-type:y mandatory}.swiper-css-mode.swiper-free-mode>.swiper-wrapper{scroll-snap-type:none}.swiper-css-mode.swiper-free-mode>.swiper-wrapper>.swiper-slide{scroll-snap-align:none}.swiper-css-mode.swiper-centered>.swiper-wrapper:before{content:"";flex-shrink:0;order:9999}.swiper-css-mode.swiper-centered>.swiper-wrapper>.swiper-slide{scroll-snap-align:center center;scroll-snap-stop:always}.swiper-css-mode.swiper-centered.swiper-horizontal>.swiper-wrapper>.swiper-slide:first-child{margin-inline-start:var(--swiper-centered-offset-before)}.swiper-css-mode.swiper-centered.swiper-horizontal>.swiper-wrapper:before{width:var(--swiper-centered-offset-after);height:100%;min-height:1px}.swiper-css-mode.swiper-centered.swiper-vertical>.swiper-wrapper>.swiper-slide:first-child{margin-block-start:var(--swiper-centered-offset-before)}.swiper-css-mode.swiper-centered.swiper-vertical>.swiper-wrapper:before{height:var(--swiper-centered-offset-after);width:100%;min-width:1px}.swiper-3d .swiper-slide-shadow,.swiper-3d .swiper-slide-shadow-left,.swiper-3d .swiper-slide-shadow-right,.swiper-3d .swiper-slide-shadow-top,.swiper-3d .swiper-slide-shadow-bottom,.swiper-3d .swiper-slide-shadow,.swiper-3d .swiper-slide-shadow-left,.swiper-3d .swiper-slide-shadow-right,.swiper-3d .swiper-slide-shadow-top,.swiper-3d .swiper-slide-shadow-bottom{pointer-events:none;z-index:10;width:100%;height:100%;position:absolute;top:0;left:0}.swiper-3d .swiper-slide-shadow{background:#00000026}.swiper-3d .swiper-slide-shadow-left{background-image:linear-gradient(270deg,#00000080,#0000)}.swiper-3d .swiper-slide-shadow-right{background-image:linear-gradient(90deg,#00000080,#0000)}.swiper-3d .swiper-slide-shadow-top{background-image:linear-gradient(#0000,#00000080)}.swiper-3d .swiper-slide-shadow-bottom{background-image:linear-gradient(#00000080,#0000)}.swiper-lazy-preloader{z-index:10;transform-origin:50%;box-sizing:border-box;border:4px solid var(--swiper-preloader-color,var(--swiper-theme-color));border-top-color:#0000;border-radius:50%;width:42px;height:42px;margin-top:-21px;margin-left:-21px;position:absolute;top:50%;left:50%}.swiper:not(.swiper-watch-progress) .swiper-lazy-preloader,.swiper-watch-progress .swiper-slide-visible .swiper-lazy-preloader{animation:1s linear infinite swiper-preloader-spin}.swiper-lazy-preloader-white{--swiper-preloader-color:#fff}.swiper-lazy-preloader-black{--swiper-preloader-color:#000}@keyframes swiper-preloader-spin{0%{transform:rotate(0)}to{transform:rotate(360deg)}}</style> <style>body.admin-bar{margin-top:30px}</style> <style>.BaseButton.button-primary span span,.BaseButton.button-secondary span span,.BaseButton.hds-button-download span span,.BaseButton.hds-button-share span span{margin-right:0}.BaseButton.button-primary span{width:unset;margin-right:0}.BaseButton.button-primary>span>span{margin-right:.65rem}.BaseButton.button-primary svg{flex-shrink:0}.BaseButton.button-primary,.BaseButton.button-primary:hover{text-decoration:none}.BaseButton.button-primary.button-primary-sm>span{margin-right:0}.BaseButton.hds-button-download.color-nasa-blue-important svg path,.BaseButton.hds-button-share.color-nasa-blue-important svg path{fill:#1c67e3}.BaseButton.hds-button-download.color-spacesuit-white-important svg path,.BaseButton.hds-button-share.color-spacesuit-white-important svg path{fill:#fff}</style> <style>.hds-search-panel-mobile[data-v-d5432761]{width:100vw;height:calc(100vh + 20rem);padding-bottom:10rem;top:0;bottom:0;overflow:hidden auto}.hds-search-panel-mobile .hds-search-panel-bar[data-v-d5432761]{grid-template-columns:max-content 1fr max-content;align-items:center;gap:.5rem;display:grid}.hds-search-panel-mobile .hds-search input[type=search][data-v-d5432761]{color:#fff;max-width:unset;border:0;height:2.5rem}.hds-search-panel-mobile .hds-search input[type=search][data-v-d5432761]::-ms-clear{width:0;height:0;display:none}.hds-search-panel-mobile .hds-search input[type=search][data-v-d5432761]::-ms-reveal{width:0;height:0;display:none}.hds-search-panel-mobile .hds-search input[type=search][data-v-d5432761]::-webkit-search-decoration{display:none}.hds-search-panel-mobile .hds-search input[type=search][data-v-d5432761]::-webkit-search-cancel-button{display:none}.hds-search-panel-mobile .hds-search input[type=search][data-v-d5432761]::-webkit-search-results-button{display:none}.hds-search-panel-mobile .hds-search input[type=search][data-v-d5432761]::-webkit-search-results-decoration{display:none}.hds-search-panel-mobile ul.hds-search-suggestions[data-v-d5432761]{padding-left:0;list-style:none}.hds-search-panel-mobile .hds-search-suggestion>a[data-v-d5432761]{border-bottom:1px solid #d1d1d1;grid-template-columns:max-content 1fr max-content;align-items:center;gap:.75rem;width:100%;display:grid}.hds-search-panel-mobile .hds-search-suggestion.hds-search-suggestion-more>a[data-v-d5432761]{grid-template-columns:1fr max-content}.hds-search-panel-mobile .hds-search-suggestion-search-icon[data-v-d5432761]{width:1rem;height:1rem}.hds-search-panel-mobile .hds-search-suggestion-go-icon[data-v-d5432761]{width:1.25rem;height:1.25rem}.hds-search-panel-mobile .hds-suggested-search-item[data-v-d5432761]{color:#58585b;fill:#58585b;font-size:1.1rem;font-weight:400}.hds-search-panel-mobile .hds-search-panel-bar-search-icon[data-v-d5432761]{fill:#fff;width:1rem;height:1rem}.hds-search-panel-mobile .hds-search input[type=search][data-v-d5432761]{float:none}body.admin-bar .hds-search-panel-mobile.hds-active[data-v-d5432761]{margin-top:32px!important}@media screen and (max-width:782px){body.admin-bar .hds-search-panel-mobile.hds-active[data-v-d5432761]{margin-top:46px!important}}</style> <style>.hds-nav-has-submenu{white-space:nowrap;justify-content:center;align-items:center;display:flex;position:relative}.hds-nav-has-submenu svg{color:#fff;fill:#fff;margin-left:.5rem;transition:all .2s}.hds-nav-has-submenu span:after{display:none!important}.mobile-nav .hds-global-menu-primary.global-nav__primary-list li a{-webkit-user-select:none;user-select:none;margin-bottom:.34em}.mobile-nav .hds-global-menu-primary.global-nav__primary-list li a:focus{outline:none!important}.hds-nav__submenu{z-index:-999;background:#000;min-width:18rem;padding:1rem 0;list-style:none;position:absolute;top:100%;right:0;overflow:hidden;outline-color:#0000!important}.hds-nav__submenu:not([hidden]){margin-top:2px}.hds-nav-has-submenu:hover .usa-nav__link:hover:after{display:none!important}.usa-nav__primary .hds-nav-has-submenu button[aria-expanded=true]{background:0 0}.hds-submenu-item,.hds-submenu-item>a{list-style:none;display:block}.usa-header.usa-header-primary a,.usa-header.usa-header-primary span{font-size:.88rem;line-height:1}@media screen and (min-width:1138px){.usa-header.usa-header-primary a,.usa-header.usa-header-primary span{font-size:1.1rem;line-height:1}}.hds-nav__submenu>li.hds-submenu-item>a{color:#fff;width:98%;margin:0 auto;padding:.7rem 1.5rem;font-size:1rem;font-weight:400;line-height:1em;display:block}.hds-nav__submenu>li.hds-submenu-item>a>span{color:#fff;font-size:1rem;font-weight:400}.hds-nav__submenu>li.hds-submenu-item .button-primary{align-items:center;margin-bottom:.5rem;padding:.7rem 1.5rem;display:flex}.hds-nav__submenu .button-primary svg{min-width:1.5rem;min-height:1.5rem}.hds-nav__submenu .hds-submenu-item a>span{border-bottom:1px solid #0000;padding-bottom:4px}.hds-nav__submenu .hds-submenu-item:hover a>span,.hds-nav__submenu .hds-submenu-item.usa-current a>span{border-bottom:1px dashed #fff}.usa-nav__primary .hds-nav-has-submenu button[aria-expanded=true] svg{transform:rotate(-180deg)}</style> <style>.NasaLiveIndicator.usa-nav__link-nasa-live span:after{content:"Live";letter-spacing:.1em;text-transform:uppercase;vertical-align:middle;border:1px solid #f64137;border-radius:2px;margin-block-start:-.1em;margin-inline-start:.5em;padding:.2em .3em;font-family:DM Mono,monospace;font-size:.65em;font-weight:500;line-height:.9;display:inline-block!important}.NasaLiveIndicator.usa-nav__link-nasa-live:hover span:after{background-color:#b60109}body.is-live .NasaLiveIndicator.usa-nav__link-nasa-live span:after{color:#fff;background-color:#f64137;animation:3s infinite live_pulse}@keyframes live_pulse{0%,to{opacity:1}50%{opacity:.75}}</style> <style>.menu-toggle{align-items:center;width:18px;height:18px;display:flex;cursor:pointer!important}.menu-toggle .menu-toggle-icon{flex-direction:column;display:flex;position:relative;cursor:pointer!important}.menu-toggle .menu-toggle-icon-top{margin-bottom:5px}.menu-toggle .menu-toggle-icon-bottom{margin-top:5px}.menu-toggle .menu-toggle-icon-bottom,.menu-toggle .menu-toggle-icon-center,.menu-toggle .menu-toggle-icon-top{content:"";background:#fff;width:20px;height:2px;transition:all .3s;display:inline-block;position:relative}.menu-toggle.menu-toggle-active .menu-toggle-icon-center{opacity:0}.menu-toggle.menu-toggle-active .menu-toggle-icon-top{margin-bottom:-2px;transform:rotate(135deg)}.menu-toggle.menu-toggle-active .menu-toggle-icon-bottom{margin-top:-2px;transform:rotate(-135deg)}</style> <style>#headlessui-portal-root{z-index:1000;position:relative}#headlessui-portal-root .global-navigation .hds-global-menu-item a{align-items:center;display:flex}#headlessui-portal-root .global-navigation .hds-global-menu-item a span{margin-right:.5rem;font-weight:400}@media screen and (min-width:639px){#headlessui-portal-root .global-navigation .hds-global-menu-item a span{white-space:nowrap}}@media screen and (min-width:1024px){#headlessui-portal-root .global-navigation .hds-global-menu-item a span{margin-left:.8rem;font-size:.8rem}}@media screen and (min-width:1240px){#headlessui-portal-root .global-navigation .hds-global-menu-item a span{margin-top:.35rem;font-size:1rem}}@media screen and (min-width:1760px){#headlessui-portal-root .global-navigation .hds-global-menu-item a span{margin-left:0}}#headlessui-portal-root .global-navigation .global-nav__primary-list.usa-nav__submenu-list .usa-nav__submenu-item{border-top:0;margin-top:0}#headlessui-portal-root .global-navigation .global-nav__primary-list.usa-nav__submenu-list .usa-nav__submenu-item a{align-items:center;width:100%;font-weight:400;line-height:1em;display:flex}#headlessui-portal-root .global-navigation .global-nav__primary-list.usa-nav__submenu-list .usa-nav__submenu-item a:hover{text-decoration:none}#headlessui-portal-root .global-navigation .global-nav__primary-list.usa-nav__submenu-list .usa-nav__submenu-item a .global-nav__primary-list.usa-nav__submenu-list{overflow-y:auto}#headlessui-portal-root .global-navigation .global-nav__primary-list.usa-nav__submenu-list .usa-nav__submenu-item a .global-nav__primary-list.usa-nav__submenu-list li.usa-nav__submenu-item a span{border-bottom:1px solid #0000;padding-bottom:4px}.dialog-backdrop{background:#000;position:fixed;top:0;bottom:0;left:0;right:0}@media (min-width:768px){.dialog-backdrop{opacity:.8}}div#headlessui-portal-root{position:relative}.global-nav__primary-list.usa-nav__submenu-list{flex-direction:column;width:100%;display:flex}.global-nav__primary-list.usa-nav__submenu-list .usa-nav__submenu-item{border-top:0;flex-direction:row;width:100%;margin-top:0;display:flex}.NasaHeader{transition:all .12s ease-in-out;position:relative;top:0}.NasaHeader.usa-header.usa-header-primary a.usa-logo{width:unset}.NasaHeader .hds-search-panel-mobile-trigger{color:#d1d1d1}.NasaHeader .search-mobile{justify-content:center;align-items:center;padding-top:0;display:flex;width:22px!important;height:22px!important}.NasaHeader .hds-nav-primary{margin:0;padding:0;list-style:none}.NasaHeader .usa-header.usa-header-primary a,.NasaHeader .usa-header.usa-header-primary span{font-weight:400}.NasaHeader .usa-header.usa-header-primary a{flex-direction:row;justify-content:flex-start;align-items:center;display:flex;cursor:pointer!important}.NasaHeader .usa-header.usa-header-primary a span{white-space:nowrap;font-weight:600}.NasaHeader .usa-header.usa-header-primary a svg{width:1.5rem;height:1.5rem}.NasaHeader input[type=search]{box-sizing:border-box;-webkit-appearance:none;-moz-appearance:none;appearance:none}.NasaHeader [type=search]{box-sizing:border-box;float:left;border-top-right-radius:0;border-bottom-right-radius:0;height:2rem;margin:0;padding-top:0;padding-bottom:0;font-size:.94rem}.NasaHeader .usa-search:after{clear:both;content:"";display:block}.NasaHeader .usa-search [role=search],.NasaHeader .usa-search[role=search],.NasaHeader .usa-search[role=search]>div{display:flex}.NasaHeader .usa-search [type=submit]{border-top-left-radius:0;border-bottom-left-radius:0;width:3rem;height:2rem;margin:0;padding:0}.NasaHeader .usa-search--small [type=submit]{min-width:3rem;padding-left:.75rem;padding-right:.75rem}@media (min-width:30em){.usa-search [type=submit]{width:auto;padding-left:1rem;padding-right:1rem}}@media (forced-colors:active) and (min-width:30em){.usa-search [type=submit]:before{content:none}.usa-search--small [type=submit]:before{content:""}}button#global-navigation-trigger svg{transition:all .2s}button#global-navigation-trigger:after,button#global-navigation-trigger:hover:after,button#global-navigation-trigger>span:after,button#global-navigation-trigger:hover>span:after{display:none!important}button#global-navigation-trigger,button#global-navigation-trigger:hover{cursor:pointer;background-image:none}button[aria-expanded=true]#global-navigation-trigger{background-color:#0000}button[aria-expanded=true]#global-navigation-trigger svg{transform:rotate(-180deg)}.hds-explore-nav-trigger svg{shape-rendering:geometricprecision;max-width:12px;transition:all .2s}@media screen and (min-width:1138px){.hds-explore-nav-trigger svg{max-width:16px}}.hds-explore-nav-trigger button[aria-expanded=true] svg{transform:rotate(-180deg)}.mobile-search-popover{-ms-overflow-style:none;scrollbar-width:none;position:fixed;top:0;left:0}.mobile-search-popover::-webkit-scrollbar{display:none}a.hds-nav__link-nasa-live.usa-nav__link-nasa-live{align-items:center}a.hds-nav__link-nasa-live.usa-nav__link-nasa-live>span{margin-right:.7rem}.hds-global-menu-item.hds-nav__link-nasa-live a>span{margin-right:.5rem}.hds-global-menu-item.hds-nav__link-nasa-live>a{align-items:center;display:flex}.hds-search-panel-mobile-trigger{color:#d1d1d1}.hds-search-panel-mobile-trigger:hover{cursor:pointer}.search-mobile img,.search-mobile svg{width:100%;height:auto}</style> <style>.GlobalNavSecondarySubmenu.global-nav__secondary-wrapper{max-width:none}.GlobalNavSecondarySubmenu .button-primary{display:flex;padding-left:0!important}.GlobalNavSecondarySubmenu .global-nav__secondary-list.usa-nav__submenu-list{width:100%;max-width:90vw;padding-bottom:4rem}@media (min-width:439px){.GlobalNavSecondarySubmenu .global-nav__secondary-list.usa-nav__submenu-list{max-width:50rem}}.GlobalNavSecondarySubmenu .global-nav__secondary-list.usa-nav__submenu-list .usa-nav__submenu-item{max-width:30rem}.global-nav__tertiary{display:none;position:relative}@media screen and (min-width:639px){.global-nav__tertiary.content-card__single{padding:0 2rem;display:block}}@media screen and (min-width:1024px){.global-nav__tertiary{-ms-overflow-style:none;scrollbar-width:none;max-height:28rem;padding-right:10px;display:block;right:-25px;overflow-y:auto}.global-nav__tertiary::-webkit-scrollbar{display:none}}@media screen and (min-width:1240px){.global-nav__tertiary{max-height:78rem}}@media screen and (min-width:64em){.global-nav__tertiary .usa-nav__submenu{z-index:400;background-color:#162e51;width:15rem;margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;padding:1rem;list-style-type:none;position:absolute}}</style> <style>.global-nav__mobile-return button.global-nav__back{box-shadow:none;color:#fff;text-align:left;background:0 0;border:0;width:100%;padding:1.1rem 0;outline:none!important}.global-nav__mobile-return{overflow:hidden}.global-nav__mobile-return button.global-nav__back svg{fill:#fff;width:12px;height:12px;margin-right:2px}.global-nav__primary-list.usa-nav__submenu-list .usa-nav__submenu-item a:hover .usa-nav__submenu-item a:hover,.global-nav__secondary-list.usa-nav__submenu-list .usa-nav__submenu-item a:hover{text-decoration:none}.global-nav__primary-list.usa-nav__submenu-list li.usa-nav__submenu-item>a>span{border-bottom:1px solid #0000;padding-bottom:2px}.global-nav__primary-list.usa-nav__submenu-list li.usa-nav__submenu-item>a>span.dashed-border{padding-bottom:2px;border-bottom:1px dashed #fff!important}.global-nav__secondary-list.usa-nav__submenu-list li.usa-nav__submenu-item>a>span{border-bottom:1px solid #0000;margin-bottom:-2px;padding-bottom:2px}.global-nav__secondary-list.usa-nav__submenu-list>.usa-nav__submenu-item{border-top-color:#0000;border-bottom-color:#2e2e32!important}.global-nav__primary-list.usa-nav__submenu-list li.usa-nav__submenu-item>a:hover>span,.global-nav__primary-list.usa-nav__submenu-list li.usa-nav__submenu-item.usa-current>a{border-bottom:1px dashed #fff}#global-navigation{-ms-overflow-style:none;scrollbar-width:none;max-width:100vw;height:100vh;position:absolute;left:0;right:0;overflow:hidden auto}#global-navigation::-webkit-scrollbar{display:none}@media screen and (min-width:1024px){#global-navigation{height:-moz-fit-content;height:fit-content;max-height:calc(80vh - 1px)}}#global-navigation .global-nav__primary-wrapper{padding:0}.global-nav__home.global-nav__features{display:block}@media screen and (min-width:639px){.global-nav__home.global-nav__features{min-height:-moz-fit-content;min-height:fit-content}}@media screen and (max-width:800px){#global-navigation .global-nav__primary{width:25%;position:relative}#global-navigation .global-nav__secondary{position:relative;transform:none}.global-nav__wrapper{padding:0 1rem 8rem}}.global-nav__secondary-list.usa-nav__submenu-list li.usa-nav__submenu-item>a:hover>span,.global-nav__secondary-list.usa-nav__submenu-list li.usa-nav__submenu-item.usa-current>a>span{border-bottom:1px dashed #565c65}.global-nav__secondary-list.usa-nav__submenu-list li.usa-nav__submenu-item>a:hover>span:focus,.global-nav__secondary-list.usa-nav__submenu-list li.usa-nav__submenu-item.usa-current>a>span:focus{border-bottom:1px dashed #fff}.global-nav__secondary-list.usa-nav__submenu-list li.usa-nav__submenu-item>a:hover>span:active,.global-nav__secondary-list.usa-nav__submenu-list li.usa-nav__submenu-item.usa-current>a>span:active{border-bottom:1px solid #fff}.global-nav__secondary-list.usa-nav__submenu-list .usa-nav__submenu-item>a{width:100%;display:inline-flex}.global-nav__secondary-list.usa-nav__submenu-list .usa-nav__submenu-item>a>svg{margin-left:auto;margin-right:0}@media screen and (min-width:768px){#headlessui-portal-root .global-navigation .global-nav__primary-list.usa-nav__submenu-list .usa-nav__submenu-item{max-width:300px}}.global-nav__secondary-list.usa-nav__submenu-list>.usa-nav__submenu-item{margin-top:0}.global-nav__primary-list.usa-nav__submenu-list>.usa-nav__submenu-item a,.global-nav__secondary-list.usa-nav__submenu-list>.usa-nav__submenu-item a{color:#fff;width:100%;display:block}.global-nav__primary-list.usa-nav__submenu-list>.usa-nav__submenu-item a{padding:.35rem 1rem}@media screen and (max-width:1023px){.global-nav__primary-list.usa-nav__submenu-list>.usa-nav__submenu-item a{padding-top:.8rem;padding-bottom:.8rem;padding-left:1rem!important}}.global-nav__secondary-list.usa-nav__submenu-list>.usa-nav__submenu-item a{border-bottom:1px solid #2e2e32;align-items:center;max-width:94vw;padding:.4rem 0;display:flex}@media screen and (min-width:506px){.global-nav__secondary-list.usa-nav__submenu-list>.usa-nav__submenu-item a{padding-left:0;padding-right:0}}@media screen and (max-width:1023px){.global-nav__secondary-list.usa-nav__submenu-list>.usa-nav__submenu-item a{padding-top:.8rem;padding-bottom:.8rem}}.global-nav__primary-wrapper{max-width:97vw;margin-top:2px}@media (max-width:20.8rem){.global-nav__primary-wrapper{max-width:20.8rem}}.global-nav__secondary-list .usa-nav__submenu-item img{width:24px;height:24px;margin-right:12px}hr.global-nav__separator{border-color:#58585b}.hds-global-menu-item.hds-global-menu-item-mobile{display:none}.global-nav__secondary-list .usa-nav__submenu-item svg{width:20px;height:20px}.usa-header+main{border-top:none}#global-navigation.usa-megamenu.usa-nav__submenu:after,#global-navigation.usa-megamenu.usa-nav__submenu:before{display:none}body .usa-megamenu.usa-nav__submenu{height:-moz-fit-content;height:fit-content;margin-top:0;padding-bottom:1em}@media screen and (min-width:406px){body .usa-megamenu.usa-nav__submenu{padding-top:1.2em}}@media screen and (min-width:577px){body .usa-megamenu.usa-nav__submenu{margin-top:2em}}@media screen and (min-width:714px){body .usa-megamenu.usa-nav__submenu{margin-top:.5em}}@media screen and (min-width:805px){body .usa-megamenu.usa-nav__submenu{margin-top:1em}}@media screen and (min-width:1024px){body .usa-megamenu.usa-nav__submenu{margin-top:2em;padding-top:.5em;padding-bottom:1.65em}}@media screen and (min-width:1560px){body .usa-megamenu.usa-nav__submenu{padding-top:1.5em;padding-bottom:2.5em}}@media screen and (min-width:1600px){body .usa-megamenu.usa-nav__submenu{margin-top:1.5em;padding-top:1.5em;padding-bottom:1.8em}}@media only screen and (device-width:375px) and (device-height:812px) and (-webkit-device-pixel-ratio:3){body .usa-megamenu.usa-nav__submenu{margin-top:.2em}}@media only screen and (device-width:375px) and (device-height:667px) and (-webkit-device-pixel-ratio:2){body .usa-megamenu.usa-nav__submenu{margin-top:.16em}}@media only screen and (device-width:414px) and (device-height:736px) and (-webkit-device-pixel-ratio:3){body .usa-megamenu.usa-nav__submenu{margin-top:.6em}}@media only screen and (device-width:390px) and (device-height:844px) and (-webkit-device-pixel-ratio:3){body .usa-megamenu.usa-nav__submenu{margin-top:4em;padding-bottom:4em}}@media only screen and (device-width:428px) and (device-height:926px) and (-webkit-device-pixel-ratio:3){body .usa-megamenu.usa-nav__submenu{margin-top:0;padding-top:0;padding-bottom:6em}}@media only screen and (width:393px) and (height:852px) and (-webkit-device-pixel-ratio:3){body .usa-megamenu.usa-nav__submenu{margin-top:5em}}body.has-banner .usa-megamenu.usa-nav__submenu{margin-top:5.5em;padding-bottom:19em}@media screen and (min-width:406px){body.has-banner .usa-megamenu.usa-nav__submenu{margin-top:5em;padding-top:0}}@media screen and (min-width:503px){body.has-banner .usa-megamenu.usa-nav__submenu{margin-top:5.5em}}@media screen and (min-width:577px){body.has-banner .usa-megamenu.usa-nav__submenu{margin-top:5em}}@media screen and (min-width:805px){body.has-banner .usa-megamenu.usa-nav__submenu{margin-top:4.75em}}@media screen and (min-width:1024px){body.has-banner .usa-megamenu.usa-nav__submenu{margin-top:5em;padding-top:.5em;padding-bottom:1.25em}}@media screen and (min-width:1560px){body.has-banner .usa-megamenu.usa-nav__submenu{padding-top:1.5em;padding-bottom:2.5em}}@media screen and (min-width:1600px){body.has-banner .usa-megamenu.usa-nav__submenu{margin-top:5em;padding-top:1.5em;padding-bottom:1.5em}}@media only screen and (device-width:375px) and (device-height:812px) and (-webkit-device-pixel-ratio:3){body.has-banner .usa-megamenu.usa-nav__submenu{margin-top:2.6em}}@media only screen and (device-width:375px) and (device-height:667px) and (-webkit-device-pixel-ratio:2){body.has-banner .usa-megamenu.usa-nav__submenu{margin-top:2.8em}}@media only screen and (device-width:414px) and (device-height:736px) and (-webkit-device-pixel-ratio:3){body.has-banner .usa-megamenu.usa-nav__submenu{margin-top:1.8em}}@media only screen and (device-width:390px) and (device-height:844px) and (-webkit-device-pixel-ratio:3){body.has-banner .usa-megamenu.usa-nav__submenu{margin-top:2.75em}}@media only screen and (device-width:428px) and (device-height:926px) and (-webkit-device-pixel-ratio:3){body.has-banner .usa-megamenu.usa-nav__submenu{margin-top:0;padding-top:0;padding-bottom:6em}}@media screen and (min-width:783px){body.admin-bar.has-banner{margin-top:32px}}body.admin-bar.has-banner #global-navigation{margin-top:8em;padding-top:.2em}@media screen and (min-width:768px){body.admin-bar.has-banner #global-navigation{margin-top:7.5em}}@media screen and (min-width:783px){body.admin-bar.has-banner #global-navigation{margin-top:6.6em}}@media screen and (min-width:805px){body.admin-bar.has-banner #global-navigation{margin-top:6.6em}}@media (min-width:1024px){body.admin-bar.has-banner #global-navigation{margin-top:7em}}@media (min-width:1600px){body.admin-bar.has-banner #global-navigation{margin-top:7em}}body.admin-bar{margin-top:46px}@media screen and (min-width:783px){body.admin-bar{margin-top:30px}}body.admin-bar #global-navigation{margin-top:3.7em}@media screen and (min-width:783px){body.admin-bar #global-navigation{margin-top:3.6em}}@media (min-width:1024px){body.admin-bar #global-navigation{margin-top:4em}}@media (min-width:1600px){body.admin-bar #global-navigation{margin-top:3.8em}}.mobile-nav{padding:1.25rem .25rem 10rem}@media screen and (min-width:499px){.mobile-nav{padding-top:.25rem;padding-bottom:14em}}@media screen and (min-width:639px){.mobile-nav{padding-top:.25rem;padding-bottom:5em}}.mobile-nav .global-nav__primary-list.usa-nav__submenu-list .usa-nav__submenu-item svg{fill:#fff;width:10px;height:10px;margin-left:auto;margin-right:0;display:flex}</style> <style>.home-highlights .hds-content-card:first-of-type{display:block!important}.home-highlights .hds-content-card{display:none!important}@media (min-width:1024px){.home-highlights .hds-content-card{display:block!important}}</style> <style>#headlessui-portal-root{z-index:1000}</style> <style>.icon[data-v-f0820886]{vertical-align:middle;display:inline-block}</style> <style>.preview-indicator .preview-icon[data-v-f0c77a69]{color:#a7aaad;margin-top:-3px;padding-left:.3rem;padding-right:.3rem}.preview-indicator .preview-text[data-v-f0c77a69]{color:#f0f0f1}</style> <style>#wpadminbar .toolbar-node-skeleton-wrapper{--toolbar-node-skeleton-gradient--dark:#f0f6fc1a;--toolbar-node-skeleton-gradient--light:#f0f6fc4d;box-sizing:border-box;height:var(--wp-admin--admin-bar--height);cursor:progress;min-width:100px;padding:7px}#wpadminbar .toolbar-node-skeleton{background:linear-gradient(-90deg,var(--toolbar-node-skeleton-gradient--dark)0%,var(--toolbar-node-skeleton-gradient--light)50%,var(--toolbar-node-skeleton-gradient--dark)100%);background-size:400% 400%;border-radius:3px;width:100%;height:100%;animation:1.2s ease-in-out infinite pulse}@media (prefers-reduced-motion){#wpadminbar .toolbar-node-skeleton{animation:none}}@keyframes pulse{0%{background-position:0 0}to{background-position:-135% 0}}body.admin-bar{margin-top:var(--wp-admin--admin-bar--height)}</style> <style>#wpadminbar .hds-admin-bar-logo{width:30px;height:30px;margin-top:2px}html{--wp-admin--admin-bar--height:32px;scroll-padding-top:var(--wp-admin--admin-bar--height)}#wpadminbar *{text-shadow:none;text-transform:none;letter-spacing:normal;box-sizing:content-box;-webkit-font-smoothing:subpixel-antialiased;-moz-osx-font-smoothing:auto;border-radius:0;width:auto;height:auto;margin:0;padding:0;font-family:-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,Segoe UI,Roboto,Oxygen-Sans,Ubuntu,Cantarell,Helvetica Neue,sans-serif;font-size:13px;font-style:normal;font-weight:400;line-height:2.46154;transition:none;position:static}#wpadminbar .ab-empty-item{cursor:default}#wpadminbar .ab-empty-item,#wpadminbar a.ab-item,#wpadminbar>#wp-toolbar span.ab-label{color:#f0f0f1}#wpadminbar #wp-admin-bar-my-sites a.ab-item,#wpadminbar #wp-admin-bar-site-name a.ab-item{white-space:nowrap}#wpadminbar ul li:after,#wpadminbar ul li:before{content:normal}#wpadminbar a,#wpadminbar a img,#wpadminbar a img:hover,#wpadminbar a:hover{box-shadow:none;background:0 0;border:none;text-decoration:none}#wpadminbar a:active,#wpadminbar a:focus,#wpadminbar div,#wpadminbar input[type=email],#wpadminbar input[type=number],#wpadminbar input[type=search],#wpadminbar input[type=text],#wpadminbar input[type=url]{box-shadow:none}#wpadminbar a:focus{outline-offset:-1px}#wpadminbar{direction:ltr;color:#c3c4c7;z-index:99999;background:#1d2327;width:100%;min-width:600px;height:32px;font-family:-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,Segoe UI,Roboto,Oxygen-Sans,Ubuntu,Cantarell,Helvetica Neue,sans-serif;font-size:13px;font-weight:400;line-height:2.46154;position:fixed;top:0;left:0}#wpadminbar .ab-sub-wrapper,#wpadminbar ul,#wpadminbar ul li{clear:none;text-indent:0;z-index:99999;background:0 0;margin:0;padding:0;list-style:none;position:relative}#wpadminbar ul#wp-admin-bar-root-default>li{margin-right:0}#wpadminbar .quicklinks ul{text-align:left}#wpadminbar li{float:left}#wpadminbar .ab-empty-item{outline:0}#wpadminbar .quicklinks .ab-top-secondary>li{float:right}#wpadminbar .quicklinks .ab-empty-item,#wpadminbar .quicklinks a,#wpadminbar .shortlink-input{height:32px;margin:0;padding:0 10px;display:block}#wpadminbar .quicklinks>ul>li>a{padding:0 8px 0 7px}#wpadminbar .menupop .ab-sub-wrapper,#wpadminbar .shortlink-input{float:none;background:#2c3338;margin:0;padding:0;display:none;position:absolute;box-shadow:0 3px 5px #0003}#wpadminbar .ab-top-menu>.menupop>.ab-sub-wrapper{min-width:100%}#wpadminbar .ab-top-secondary .menupop .ab-sub-wrapper{left:auto;right:0}#wpadminbar .ab-submenu{padding:6px 0}#wpadminbar .selected .shortlink-input{display:block}#wpadminbar .quicklinks .menupop ul li{float:none}#wpadminbar .quicklinks .menupop ul li a strong{font-weight:600}#wpadminbar .quicklinks .menupop ul li .ab-item,#wpadminbar .quicklinks .menupop ul li a strong,#wpadminbar .quicklinks .menupop.hover ul li .ab-item,#wpadminbar .shortlink-input{white-space:nowrap;min-width:140px;height:26px;line-height:2}#wpadminbar .shortlink-input{width:200px}#wpadminbar li.hover>.ab-sub-wrapper{display:block}#wpadminbar .menupop li.hover>.ab-sub-wrapper,#wpadminbar .menupop li:hover>.ab-sub-wrapper{margin-top:-32px;margin-left:100%}#wpadminbar .ab-top-secondary .menupop li.hover>.ab-sub-wrapper,#wpadminbar .ab-top-secondary .menupop li:hover>.ab-sub-wrapper{left:inherit;margin-left:0;right:100%}#wpadminbar .ab-top-menu>li.hover>.ab-item,#wpadminbar.nojq .quicklinks .ab-top-menu>li>.ab-item:focus,#wpadminbar:not(.mobile) .ab-top-menu>li:hover>.ab-item,#wpadminbar:not(.mobile) .ab-top-menu>li>.ab-item:focus{color:#72aee6;background:#2c3338}#wpadminbar:not(.mobile)>#wp-toolbar a:focus span.ab-label,#wpadminbar:not(.mobile)>#wp-toolbar li:hover span.ab-label,#wpadminbar>#wp-toolbar li.hover span.ab-label{color:#72aee6}#wpadminbar .ab-icon,#wpadminbar .ab-item:before,#wpadminbar>#wp-toolbar>#wp-admin-bar-root-default .ab-icon,.wp-admin-bar-arrow{float:left;speak:never;-webkit-font-smoothing:antialiased;-moz-osx-font-smoothing:grayscale;margin-right:6px;padding:4px 0;position:relative;background-image:none!important}#wpadminbar .ab-icon:before,#wpadminbar .ab-item:before{color:#f0f6fc99;transition:color .1s ease-in-out;position:relative}#wpadminbar .ab-label{height:32px;display:inline-block}#wpadminbar .ab-submenu .ab-item,#wpadminbar .quicklinks .menupop ul li a,#wpadminbar .quicklinks .menupop ul li a strong,#wpadminbar .quicklinks .menupop.hover ul li a{color:#f0f6fcb3}#wpadminbar .quicklinks .ab-sub-wrapper .menupop.hover>a,#wpadminbar .quicklinks .menupop ul li a:focus,#wpadminbar .quicklinks .menupop ul li a:focus strong,#wpadminbar .quicklinks .menupop ul li a:hover,#wpadminbar .quicklinks .menupop ul li a:hover strong,#wpadminbar .quicklinks .menupop.hover ul li a:focus,#wpadminbar .quicklinks .menupop.hover ul li a:hover,#wpadminbar .quicklinks .menupop.hover ul li div[tabindex]:focus,#wpadminbar .quicklinks .menupop.hover ul li div[tabindex]:hover,#wpadminbar li .ab-item:focus .ab-icon:before,#wpadminbar li .ab-item:focus:before,#wpadminbar li a:focus .ab-icon:before,#wpadminbar li.hover .ab-icon:before,#wpadminbar li.hover .ab-item:before,#wpadminbar li:hover .ab-icon:before,#wpadminbar li:hover .ab-item:before{color:#72aee6}#wpadminbar.mobile .quicklinks .ab-icon:before,#wpadminbar.mobile .quicklinks .ab-item:before{color:#c3c4c7}#wpadminbar.mobile .quicklinks .hover .ab-icon:before,#wpadminbar.mobile .quicklinks .hover .ab-item:before{color:#72aee6}#wpadminbar .ab-top-secondary .menupop .menupop>.ab-item:before,#wpadminbar .menupop .menupop>.ab-item .wp-admin-bar-arrow:before{speak:never;-webkit-font-smoothing:antialiased;-moz-osx-font-smoothing:grayscale;position:absolute}#wpadminbar .menupop .menupop>.ab-item{padding-right:2em;display:block}#wpadminbar .menupop .menupop>.ab-item .wp-admin-bar-arrow:before{content:"";color:inherit;padding:4px 0;top:1px;right:10px}#wpadminbar .ab-top-secondary .menupop .menupop>.ab-item{padding-left:2em;padding-right:1em}#wpadminbar .ab-top-secondary .menupop .menupop>.ab-item .wp-admin-bar-arrow:before{content:"";top:1px;left:6px}#wpadminbar .quicklinks .menupop ul.ab-sub-secondary{box-shadow:none;margin:0;display:block;position:relative;right:auto}#wpadminbar .quicklinks .menupop ul.ab-sub-secondary,#wpadminbar .quicklinks .menupop ul.ab-sub-secondary .ab-submenu{background:#3c434a}#wpadminbar .quicklinks .menupop .ab-sub-secondary>li .ab-item:focus a,#wpadminbar .quicklinks .menupop .ab-sub-secondary>li>a:hover{color:#72aee6}#wpadminbar .quicklinks a span#ab-updates{color:#2c3338;background:#f0f0f1;border-radius:10px;padding:2px 5px;font-size:10px;font-weight:600;display:inline}#wpadminbar .quicklinks a:hover span#ab-updates{color:#000;background:#fff}#wpadminbar .ab-top-secondary{float:right}#wpadminbar ul li:last-child,#wpadminbar ul li:last-child .ab-item{box-shadow:none}#wpadminbar #wp-admin-bar-recovery-mode,#wpadminbar .ab-top-menu>#wp-admin-bar-recovery-mode.hover>.ab-item,#wpadminbar.nojq .quicklinks .ab-top-menu>#wp-admin-bar-recovery-mode>.ab-item:focus,#wpadminbar:not(.mobile) .ab-top-menu>#wp-admin-bar-recovery-mode:hover>.ab-item,#wpadminbar:not(.mobile) .ab-top-menu>#wp-admin-bar-recovery-mode>.ab-item:focus{color:#fff;background-color:#d63638}#wp-admin-bar-my-account>ul{min-width:198px}#wp-admin-bar-my-account:not(.with-avatar)>.ab-item{display:inline-block}#wp-admin-bar-my-account>.ab-item:before{content:"";float:right;margin-left:6px;margin-right:0;top:2px}#wp-admin-bar-my-account.with-avatar>.ab-item:before{content:none;display:none}#wp-admin-bar-my-account.with-avatar>ul{min-width:270px}#wpadminbar #wp-admin-bar-user-actions>li{margin-left:16px;margin-right:16px}#wpadminbar #wp-admin-bar-user-actions.ab-submenu{padding:6px 0 12px}#wpadminbar #wp-admin-bar-my-account.with-avatar #wp-admin-bar-user-actions>li{margin-left:88px}#wpadminbar #wp-admin-bar-user-info{background:0 0;height:auto;margin-top:6px;margin-bottom:15px}#wp-admin-bar-user-info .avatar{width:64px;height:64px;position:absolute;top:4px;left:-72px}#wpadminbar #wp-admin-bar-user-info a{background:0 0;height:auto}#wpadminbar #wp-admin-bar-user-info span{background:0 0;height:18px;padding:0}#wpadminbar #wp-admin-bar-user-info .display-name,#wpadminbar #wp-admin-bar-user-info .username{display:block}#wpadminbar #wp-admin-bar-user-info .username{color:#a7aaad;font-size:11px}#wpadminbar #wp-admin-bar-my-account.with-avatar>.ab-empty-item img,#wpadminbar #wp-admin-bar-my-account.with-avatar>a img{vertical-align:middle;float:none;background:#f0f0f1;border:1px solid #8c8f94;width:auto;height:16px;margin:-4px 0 0 6px;padding:0;line-height:1.84615;display:inline}#wpadminbar #wp-admin-bar-wp-logo>.ab-item .ab-icon{width:15px;height:20px;margin-right:0;padding:6px 0 5px}#wpadminbar #wp-admin-bar-wp-logo>.ab-item{padding:0 7px}#wpadminbar #wp-admin-bar-wp-logo>.ab-item .ab-icon:before{content:"";top:2px}#wpadminbar #wp-admin-bar-appearance{margin-top:-12px}#wpadminbar #wp-admin-bar-comments .ab-icon{margin-right:6px}#wpadminbar #wp-admin-bar-new-content .ab-icon:before{content:"";top:4px}#wpadminbar #wp-admin-bar-updates .ab-icon:before{content:"";top:2px}#wpadminbar #wp-admin-bar-search .ab-item{background:0 0;padding:0}#wpadminbar .screen-reader-text,#wpadminbar .screen-reader-text span{clip:rect(1px,1px,1px,1px);clip-path:inset(50%);border:0;width:1px;height:1px;margin:-1px;padding:0;position:absolute;overflow:hidden;word-wrap:normal!important}#wpadminbar .screen-reader-shortcut{color:#2271b1;z-index:100000;background:#f0f0f1;width:auto;height:auto;padding:15px 23px 14px;font-size:14px;font-weight:600;line-height:normal;text-decoration:none;display:block;position:absolute;top:-1000em;left:6px}#wpadminbar .screen-reader-shortcut:focus{background:#f0f0f1;top:7px;box-shadow:0 0 2px 2px #0009}@media screen and (max-width:782px){html{--wp-admin--admin-bar--height:46px}html #wpadminbar{min-width:240px;height:46px}#wpadminbar *{font-family:-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,Segoe UI,Roboto,Oxygen-Sans,Ubuntu,Cantarell,Helvetica Neue,sans-serif;font-size:14px;font-weight:400;line-height:2.28571}#wpadminbar .quicklinks .ab-empty-item,#wpadminbar .quicklinks>ul>li>a{width:auto;height:46px;padding:0;line-height:3.28571}#wpadminbar .ab-icon{text-align:center;width:52px;height:46px;margin:0;padding:0}#wpadminbar .ab-icon:before{text-align:center}#wpadminbar .ab-submenu{padding:0}#wpadminbar #wp-admin-bar-my-account a.ab-item,#wpadminbar #wp-admin-bar-my-sites a.ab-item,#wpadminbar #wp-admin-bar-site-name a.ab-item{text-overflow:clip}#wpadminbar .quicklinks .menupop ul li .ab-item,#wpadminbar .quicklinks .menupop ul li a strong,#wpadminbar .quicklinks .menupop.hover ul li .ab-item,#wpadminbar .shortlink-input{line-height:1.6}#wpadminbar .ab-label{clip:rect(1px,1px,1px,1px);clip-path:inset(50%);border:0;width:1px;height:1px;margin:-1px;padding:0;position:absolute;overflow:hidden;word-wrap:normal!important}#wpadminbar .menupop li.hover>.ab-sub-wrapper,#wpadminbar .menupop li:hover>.ab-sub-wrapper{margin-top:-46px}#wpadminbar .ab-top-menu .menupop .ab-sub-wrapper .menupop>.ab-item{padding-right:30px}#wpadminbar .menupop .menupop>.ab-item:before{top:10px;right:6px}#wpadminbar .ab-top-menu>.menupop>.ab-sub-wrapper .ab-item{padding:8px 16px;font-size:16px}#wpadminbar .ab-top-menu>.menupop>.ab-sub-wrapper a:empty{display:none}#wpadminbar #wp-admin-bar-wp-logo>.ab-item{padding:0}#wpadminbar #wp-admin-bar-wp-logo>.ab-item .ab-icon{text-align:center;vertical-align:top;width:52px;height:46px;padding:0}#wpadminbar #wp-admin-bar-wp-logo>.ab-item .ab-icon:before{top:-3px}#wpadminbar .ab-icon,#wpadminbar .ab-item:before{padding:0}#wpadminbar #wp-admin-bar-customize>.ab-item,#wpadminbar #wp-admin-bar-edit>.ab-item,#wpadminbar #wp-admin-bar-my-sites>.ab-item,#wpadminbar #wp-admin-bar-site-editor>.ab-item,#wpadminbar #wp-admin-bar-site-name>.ab-item{text-indent:0;white-space:nowrap;width:auto;padding:0 10px;position:relative}#wpadminbar .ab-icon,#wpadminbar .ab-item:before,#wpadminbar>#wp-toolbar>#wp-admin-bar-root-default .ab-icon{margin-right:0;padding:0}#wpadminbar #wp-admin-bar-customize>.ab-item:before,#wpadminbar #wp-admin-bar-edit>.ab-item:before,#wpadminbar #wp-admin-bar-my-account>.ab-item:before,#wpadminbar #wp-admin-bar-my-sites>.ab-item:before,#wpadminbar #wp-admin-bar-site-editor>.ab-item:before,#wpadminbar #wp-admin-bar-site-name>.ab-item:before{text-indent:0;speak:never;text-align:center;-webkit-font-smoothing:antialiased;-moz-osx-font-smoothing:grayscale;width:52px;display:block;top:7px}#wpadminbar #wp-admin-bar-appearance{margin-top:0}#wpadminbar #wp-admin-bar-search{display:none}#wpadminbar #wp-admin-bar-new-content .ab-icon:before{text-align:center;width:52px;line-height:1.33333;display:block;top:0;height:46px!important}#wpadminbar #wp-admin-bar-updates{text-align:center}#wpadminbar #wp-admin-bar-updates .ab-icon:before{top:3px}#wpadminbar #wp-admin-bar-comments .ab-icon{margin:0}#wpadminbar #wp-admin-bar-comments .ab-icon:before{height:46px;font-size:34px;line-height:1.38235;display:block;top:0}#wpadminbar #wp-admin-bar-my-account>a{white-space:nowrap;text-indent:150%;width:28px;padding:0 10px;position:relative;overflow:hidden}#wpadminbar .quicklinks li#wp-admin-bar-my-account.with-avatar>a img{width:26px;height:26px;position:absolute;top:13px;right:10px}#wpadminbar #wp-admin-bar-user-actions.ab-submenu{padding:0}#wpadminbar #wp-admin-bar-user-actions.ab-submenu img.avatar{display:none}#wpadminbar #wp-admin-bar-my-account.with-avatar #wp-admin-bar-user-actions>li{margin:0}#wpadminbar #wp-admin-bar-user-info .display-name{color:#f0f0f1;height:auto;font-size:16px;line-height:1.5}#wpadminbar #wp-admin-bar-user-info a{padding-top:4px}#wpadminbar #wp-admin-bar-user-info .username{margin-bottom:-2px;line-height:.8!important}#wp-toolbar>ul>li{display:none}#wpadminbar li#wp-admin-bar-comments,#wpadminbar li#wp-admin-bar-customize,#wpadminbar li#wp-admin-bar-edit,#wpadminbar li#wp-admin-bar-menu-toggle,#wpadminbar li#wp-admin-bar-my-account,#wpadminbar li#wp-admin-bar-my-sites,#wpadminbar li#wp-admin-bar-new-content,#wpadminbar li#wp-admin-bar-site-editor,#wpadminbar li#wp-admin-bar-site-name,#wpadminbar li#wp-admin-bar-updates,#wpadminbar li#wp-admin-bar-wp-logo{display:block}#wpadminbar li.hover ul li,#wpadminbar li:hover ul li,#wpadminbar li:hover ul li:hover ul li{display:list-item}#wpadminbar .ab-top-menu>.menupop>.ab-sub-wrapper{min-width:-moz-fit-content;min-width:fit-content}#wpadminbar ul#wp-admin-bar-root-default>li{margin-right:0}#wpadminbar #wp-admin-bar-comments,#wpadminbar #wp-admin-bar-edit,#wpadminbar #wp-admin-bar-my-account,#wpadminbar #wp-admin-bar-my-sites,#wpadminbar #wp-admin-bar-new-content,#wpadminbar #wp-admin-bar-site-name,#wpadminbar #wp-admin-bar-updates,#wpadminbar #wp-admin-bar-wp-logo,#wpadminbar .ab-top-menu,#wpadminbar .ab-top-secondary{position:static}#wpadminbar #wp-admin-bar-my-account{float:right}#wpadminbar .ab-top-secondary .menupop .menupop>.ab-item:before{top:10px;left:0}}@media screen and (max-width:600px){#wpadminbar{position:absolute}#wpadminbar .ab-top-menu>.menupop>.ab-sub-wrapper{width:100%;left:0}#wpadminbar .menupop .menupop>.ab-item:before{display:none}#wpadminbar #wp-admin-bar-wp-logo.menupop .ab-sub-wrapper{margin-left:0}#wpadminbar .ab-top-menu>.menupop li>.ab-sub-wrapper{width:100%;margin:0;position:relative;top:auto;left:auto}#wpadminbar .ab-top-menu>.menupop li>.ab-sub-wrapper .ab-item{padding:6px 15px 19px 30px;font-size:16px}#wpadminbar li:hover ul li ul li{display:list-item}#wpadminbar li#wp-admin-bar-updates,#wpadminbar li#wp-admin-bar-wp-logo{display:none}#wpadminbar .ab-top-menu>.menupop li>.ab-sub-wrapper{box-shadow:none;position:static}}@media screen and (max-width:400px){#wpadminbar li#wp-admin-bar-comments{display:none}}</style> <style>.error-404 .BaseButton.hds-button.hds-button-share{border-color:#fff}</style> <style>.page-enter-active,.page-leave-active{transition:all .3s}.page-enter-from,.page-leave-to{opacity:0;filter:blur(.3rem)}.page-enter,.page-leave-active{opacity:0}</style> <style>.skip-link{position:absolute}.skip-link:focus{z-index:999999;top:1rem;left:1rem}</style> <style>#primary.site-main{z-index:99;min-height:50vh;position:relative}</style> <style>.NasaFooter[data-v-21bfe27b]{z-index:9998;position:relative}.NasaFooter .usa-header-primary button span[data-v-21bfe27b]{font-size:1.1rem}.NasaFooter .usa-list a[data-v-21bfe27b],.NasaFooter .usa-list span[data-v-21bfe27b],.NasaFooter .usa-nav__link a[data-v-21bfe27b],.NasaFooter .usa-nav__link span[data-v-21bfe27b]{font-family:inter,sans-serif}.NasaFooter.usa-footer .usa-header.usa-header-primary a[data-v-21bfe27b],.NasaFooter.usa-footer .usa-header.usa-header-primary span[data-v-21bfe27b]{font-size:1.1rem;font-weight:600}.NasaFooter .usa-header input[type=search][data-v-21bfe27b]{max-width:200px}.NasaFooter .usa-header .usa-nav__primary .usa-nav__primary-item[data-v-21bfe27b]:hover{cursor:pointer}.NasaFooter .usa-header.text-white .usa-nav__primary-item>.usa-current[data-v-21bfe27b]:after{background-color:#fff}.NasaFooter .usa-header-primary .usa-logo[data-v-21bfe27b]{flex:unset}.NasaFooter .usa-list a[data-v-21bfe27b],.NasaFooter .usa-list span[data-v-21bfe27b]{font-size:.95rem;line-height:1em;display:block}.NasaFooter .grid-container-block[data-v-21bfe27b]{max-width:85rem}.NasaFooter .grid-container-extrawide[data-v-21bfe27b]{max-width:110rem}.NasaFooter .grid-container-block-lg[data-v-21bfe27b]{max-width:100rem}.NasaFooter.usa-footer>.grid-container[data-v-21bfe27b],.NasaFooter.usa-footer__primary-section>.grid-container[data-v-21bfe27b]{max-width:1400px;padding-left:0!important;padding-right:0!important}.NasaFooter .social-icons a[data-v-21bfe27b]{background-color:#2e2e32;border-radius:50%;justify-content:center;align-items:center;width:32px;height:32px;margin:0 10px 0 0;display:flex}.NasaFooter .hds-footer-details[data-v-21bfe27b]{max-width:22rem}.NasaFooter .hds-footer-menu[data-v-21bfe27b]{margin:0;padding:0;list-style:none}.NasaFooter .hds-menu-col-3[data-v-21bfe27b]{-moz-columns:3;columns:3}@media (max-width:768px){.NasaFooter .hds-menu-col-3[data-v-21bfe27b]{-moz-columns:2;columns:2}}.NasaFooter .hds-footer-menu[data-v-21bfe27b] *,.NasaFooter .hds-footer-menu>li>a[data-v-21bfe27b]{font-size:.9rem;font-weight:400;line-height:1.2em}.NasaFooter .hds-footer-menu>li>a[data-v-21bfe27b]{padding:.5rem 0;display:block}.NasaFooter .hds-footer-menu>li>a:hover>span[data-v-21bfe27b]{text-underline-offset:.3em;text-decoration:underline}.NasaFooter .hds-footer-menu.hds-footer-menu-horizontal>li[data-v-21bfe27b]{display:inline-block}.NasaFooter .hds-footer-menu.hds-footer-menu-horizontal>li>a[data-v-21bfe27b]{padding:.5rem .75rem}.NasaFooter .hds-footer-menu.hds-footer-menu-horizontal>li.hds-footer-meta[data-v-21bfe27b]{margin-right:2rem;display:inline-flex}@media screen and (max-width:1200px){.NasaFooter .hds-footer-menu.hds-footer-menu-horizontal>li[data-v-21bfe27b]{width:100%;padding:0;display:block}.NasaFooter .hds-footer-menu.hds-footer-menu-horizontal>li>a[data-v-21bfe27b]{padding:.35rem 0}.NasaFooter .hds-footer-menu.hds-footer-menu-horizontal[data-v-21bfe27b]{-moz-columns:3;columns:3}}@media screen and (max-width:800px){.NasaFooter .hds-footer-menu.hds-footer-menu-horizontal[data-v-21bfe27b]{-moz-columns:2;columns:2}.NasaFooter .hds-footer-menu.hds-footer-menu-horizontal.hds-menu-meta[data-v-21bfe27b]{-moz-columns:1;columns:1}}.NasaFooter .hds-footer-meta .hds-footer-meta-label[data-v-21bfe27b]{padding-right:.5rem}.NasaFooter .hds-footer-meta .hds-footer-meta-value[data-v-21bfe27b]{font-weight:600}.NasaFooter .hds-footer-secondary[data-v-21bfe27b]{border-color:#58585b}@media screen and (min-width:1024px){.NasaFooter .hds-footer-secondary[data-v-21bfe27b]{margin-top:1.5rem}}@media screen and (min-width:1199px){.NasaFooter .hds-footer-menu.hds-footer-menu-horizontal>li:first-child>a[data-v-21bfe27b]{padding-left:0}}</style> <style>.TemplateGeneric .smd-plain-title+.GutenbergBlocks>.BlockLayout:first-child{margin-top:0}</style> <style>.BlockLayout .hds-caption{margin-bottom:0;padding-bottom:0}.BlockLayout.margin-y-3:first-child{margin-top:3rem}.BlockLayout.margin-y-3:last-child{margin-bottom:3rem}.BlockLayout.margin-bottom-2+.BlockLayout.margin-y-3{margin-top:1rem}.BlockLayout.margin-full-bleed+.BlockLayout.margin-y-3,.BlockLayout.margin-y-3+.BlockLayout.margin-full-bleed{margin-top:3rem}.BlockLayout p a,.BlockLayout li a,.BlockLayout h1 a,.BlockLayout h2 a,.BlockLayout h3 a,.BlockLayout h4 a{color:#17171b;text-underline-offset:4px;-webkit-text-decoration:underline dashed #58585b;text-decoration:underline dashed #58585b;text-decoration-thickness:1px}.BlockLayout p a:focus,.BlockLayout li a:focus,.BlockLayout h1 a:focus,.BlockLayout h2 a:focus,.BlockLayout h3 a:focus,.BlockLayout h4 a:focus{outline:1px dashed #58585b;text-decoration:none}.BlockLayout p a:hover,.BlockLayout li a:hover,.BlockLayout h1 a:hover,.BlockLayout h2 a:hover,.BlockLayout h3 a:hover,.BlockLayout h4 a:hover{-webkit-text-decoration:underline #17171b;text-decoration:underline #17171b;text-decoration-thickness:1px}.article-color-mode-dark .BlockLayout p a,.article-color-mode-dark .BlockLayout li a,.article-color-mode-dark .BlockLayout h1 a,.article-color-mode-dark .BlockLayout h2 a,.article-color-mode-dark .BlockLayout h3 a,.article-color-mode-dark .BlockLayout h4 a{color:#f6f6f6;text-decoration-color:#b9b9bb}.article-color-mode-dark .BlockLayout p a:focus,.article-color-mode-dark .BlockLayout li a:focus,.article-color-mode-dark .BlockLayout h1 a:focus,.article-color-mode-dark .BlockLayout h2 a:focus,.article-color-mode-dark .BlockLayout h3 a:focus,.article-color-mode-dark .BlockLayout h4 a:focus{outline-color:#b9b9bb}.article-color-mode-dark .BlockLayout p a:hover,.article-color-mode-dark .BlockLayout li a:hover,.article-color-mode-dark .BlockLayout h1 a:hover,.article-color-mode-dark .BlockLayout h2 a:hover,.article-color-mode-dark .BlockLayout h3 a:hover,.article-color-mode-dark .BlockLayout h4 a:hover{text-decoration-color:#f6f6f6}</style> <style>.NasaBlocksSecondaryNavigationDesktopBlock{z-index:1000;position:relative}.NasaBlocksSecondaryNavigationDesktopBlock.hds-secondary-navigation{text-align:left}@media screen and (min-width:1601px){.NasaBlocksSecondaryNavigationDesktopBlock.hds-secondary-navigation .hds-secondary-navigation-has-breadcrumbs .hds-secondary-navigation-menu-items{flex:0 auto;width:50%}.NasaBlocksSecondaryNavigationDesktopBlock.hds-secondary-navigation .hds-secondary-navigation-has-breadcrumbs .hds-secondary-navigation-menu-items .usa-nav__primary-item>a,.NasaBlocksSecondaryNavigationDesktopBlock.hds-secondary-navigation .hds-secondary-navigation-has-breadcrumbs .hds-secondary-navigation-menu-items .usa-nav__primary-item>button{white-space:nowrap}}@media screen and (min-width:1024px){.NasaBlocksSecondaryNavigationDesktopBlock.hds-secondary-navigation{display:block!important}}</style> <style>.NavSecondaryDesktopDropdownDesktop .usa-nav__submenu ul.nested-menu{margin:0;padding:0;list-style-type:none}.NavSecondaryDesktopDropdownDesktop .usa-nav__submenu ul.nested-menu li>a{padding-left:2rem;display:block}.NavSecondaryDesktopDropdownDesktop .usa-nav__submenu ul.nested-menu li>a:hover{padding-left:2rem}</style> <style>.NavSecondaryMobileBlock{font-size:1rem!important;line-height:1.25rem!important}.NavSecondaryMobileBlock nav{width:100%}.NavSecondaryMobileBlock nav button{padding:.625rem 1.25rem}.NavSecondaryMobileBlock nav .mobile-nav-toggle-icon{transition:transform .3s;transform:rotate(0)}.NavSecondaryMobileBlock nav .mobile-nav-toggle-icon.open{transform:rotate(-180deg)}.NavSecondaryMobileBlock .nav-secondary-border{border-style:solid;border-width:0 0 1px}.NavSecondaryMobileBlock .nav-secondary-dark{background-color:#17171b;border-color:#2e2e32;color:#fff!important}.NavSecondaryMobileBlock .nav-secondary-light{background-color:#fff;border-color:#d1d1d1;color:#17171b!important}.NavSecondaryMobileBlock .dark-mode-nav-link{color:#17171b!important}</style> <style>.NavSecondaryMobile .nav-link{padding:.625rem 1.25rem;display:block}</style> <style>.NavSecondaryMobileDropdown button{border:0}.NavSecondaryMobileDropdown .dropdown-panel .dropdown-sublink{padding:.625rem 2.5rem;display:block}</style> <style>.quick-facts-slider .quick-facts-slider-image{border-radius:50%;width:6rem;height:6rem;display:block;overflow:hidden}.quick-facts-slider-image .hds-media-background{position:relative}@media screen and (max-width:1279px) and (min-width:1175px){.quick-facts-slider .quick-facts-slider-image{width:5rem;height:5rem}}@media screen and (max-width:1174px){.quick-facts-slider .quick-facts-slider-image{width:4.5rem;height:4.5rem}}@media screen and (max-width:480px){.quick-facts-slider .quick-facts-slider-image{width:3.5rem;height:3.5rem}}@media screen and (max-width:400px){.quick-facts-slider .quick-facts-slider-image{width:3rem;height:3rem}}.hds-carousel-wrapper-relative .hds-carousel-nav{bottom:unset;left:unset;justify-content:start;position:relative}.hds-carousel-nav-arrow{box-sizing:border-box;background:#fff;border:1px solid #b9b9bb;border-radius:50%;justify-content:center;align-items:center;width:40px;height:40px;margin-right:8px;transition:all .2s;display:flex}.hds-carousel-nav-arrow:hover{cursor:pointer;border:1px solid #000}.hds-page-intro-image-1,.hds-page-intro-image-2,.hds-page-intro-image-3{min-height:320px}@media screen and (max-width:800px){.hds-page-intro-image-1{min-height:200px}.hds-page-intro-image-2,.hds-page-intro-image-3{min-height:120px}}.quick-facts-slider .quick-facts-slider-image figure img{-o-object-fit:cover;object-fit:cover}.quick-facts-slider .quick-facts-slider-image figure{border-radius:50%;width:100%;height:100%;margin:0;display:block;overflow:hidden}</style> <style>.CoreHeadingBlock h2,.CoreHeadingBlock h3,.CoreHeadingBlock h4{margin:0}</style> <style>.hds-media .nasa-block-align-inline{max-width:840px}.hds-media .nasa-block-align-full{max-width:100%}.hds-media .nasa-block-align-full figcaption{padding-left:40px;padding-right:40px}@media screen and (max-width:800px){.hds-media .nasa-block-align-full figcaption{padding-left:20px;padding-right:20px}}.hds-media .nasa-block-align-wide{max-width:1100px}.hds-media .hds-media-inner{width:100%;height:100%;display:flex;overflow:hidden}</style> <style>.news-item-stack .news-item .hds-cover-wrapper{height:100%;min-height:0}.news-item>.hds-cover-wrapper{min-height:410px}@media screen and (max-width:800px){.news-item-stack .news-item .hds-cover-wrapper{min-height:200px}.news-item>.hds-cover-wrapper{min-height:320px}}.news-item-stack{flex-direction:column;display:flex}.latest-news-items .hds-cover-wrapper{height:100%!important}.latest-news-item a{display:block}</style> <style>.NasaBlocksTopicCardsBlock .swiper:not(.swiper-initialized) .topic-card{width:calc(25% - 22.5px);margin-right:30px}</style> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/_nuxt/entry.CGfWGV5B.css"> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/_nuxt/style-index.DcH8Kg-2.css"> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/_nuxt/NavSecondaryDesktopBlock.sfNfmpJt.css"> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/_nuxt/BaseBreadcrumbs.QyjX-RkR.css"> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/_nuxt/NavSecondaryDesktopDropdown.tJDJ0NFE.css"> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/_nuxt/NavSecondaryMobileBlock.B9SVoust.css"> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/_nuxt/NavSecondaryMobile.PKlJOVsG.css"> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/_nuxt/MobileDropdown.85bdEfbx.css"> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/_nuxt/style-index.C80Ur6rI.css"> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/_nuxt/PlayPauseButton.CWCCCydN.css"> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/_nuxt/BlockLayout.BuQOopRv.css"> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/_nuxt/PageIntroAnchorLinks.CrDShpZ1.css"> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/_nuxt/navigation.BmH1KO7C.css"> <link rel="modulepreload" as="script" crossorigin href="/_nuxt/DrE9Aad1.js"> <link rel="modulepreload" as="script" crossorigin href="/_nuxt/DcpR-k4v.js"> <link rel="modulepreload" as="script" crossorigin href="/_nuxt/7_S1lHiS.js"> <link rel="modulepreload" as="script" crossorigin href="/_nuxt/CiLuMPUt.js"> <link rel="modulepreload" as="script" crossorigin href="/_nuxt/DmsEfwXR.js"> <link rel="modulepreload" as="script" crossorigin href="/_nuxt/BjC1_Bcv.js"> <link rel="modulepreload" as="script" crossorigin href="/_nuxt/BjzgeM02.js"> <link rel="modulepreload" as="script" crossorigin href="/_nuxt/BssNYgBO.js"> <link rel="modulepreload" as="script" crossorigin href="/_nuxt/BJDJwwXR.js"> <link rel="modulepreload" as="script" crossorigin href="/_nuxt/BVq2VXvH.js"> <link rel="modulepreload" as="script" crossorigin href="/_nuxt/BbyX9d8J.js"> <link rel="modulepreload" as="script" crossorigin href="/_nuxt/aquQJVie.js"> <link rel="modulepreload" as="script" crossorigin href="/_nuxt/Fj2nhwXu.js"> <link rel="modulepreload" as="script" crossorigin href="/_nuxt/DuAp6OL0.js"> <link rel="modulepreload" as="script" crossorigin href="/_nuxt/hw53fwqu.js"> <link rel="modulepreload" as="script" crossorigin href="/_nuxt/Cq_VgtID.js"> <link rel="modulepreload" as="script" crossorigin href="/_nuxt/B948gGfB.js"> <link rel="modulepreload" as="script" crossorigin href="/_nuxt/DybeNREo.js"> <link rel="modulepreload" as="script" crossorigin href="/_nuxt/DmUbSKId.js"> <link rel="modulepreload" as="script" crossorigin href="/_nuxt/BCrLyG-P.js"> <link rel="modulepreload" as="script" crossorigin href="/_nuxt/BC_yaFFL.js"> <link rel="modulepreload" as="script" crossorigin href="/_nuxt/DaUVLlv9.js"> <link rel="modulepreload" as="script" crossorigin href="/_nuxt/BFZ8M1Bb.js"> <link rel="modulepreload" as="script" crossorigin href="/_nuxt/BdyH2v6i.js"> <link rel="modulepreload" as="script" crossorigin href="/_nuxt/Dd5M-5gc.js"> <link rel="modulepreload" as="script" crossorigin href="/_nuxt/CZoECnjj.js"> <link rel="modulepreload" as="script" crossorigin href="/_nuxt/ByK41qJF.js"> <link rel="modulepreload" as="script" crossorigin href="/_nuxt/CDdMNi1c.js"> <link rel="modulepreload" as="script" crossorigin href="/_nuxt/DRZxNoQ6.js"> <link rel="modulepreload" as="script" crossorigin href="/_nuxt/TVUeoPSJ.js"> <link rel="modulepreload" as="script" crossorigin href="/_nuxt/BRPgUHS1.js"> <link rel="modulepreload" as="script" crossorigin href="/_nuxt/DzyK-anx.js"> <link rel="modulepreload" as="script" crossorigin href="/_nuxt/DC5zEBp6.js"> <link rel="modulepreload" as="script" crossorigin href="/_nuxt/YwWda-J_.js"> <link rel="modulepreload" as="script" crossorigin href="/_nuxt/Cc0RIIH4.js"> <link rel="modulepreload" as="script" crossorigin href="/_nuxt/CbrnUQkx.js"> <link rel="modulepreload" as="script" crossorigin href="/_nuxt/nVYabUvE.js"> <link rel="modulepreload" as="script" crossorigin href="/_nuxt/B09aaT8w.js"> <link rel="modulepreload" as="script" crossorigin href="/_nuxt/CUMnBSqD.js"> <link rel="modulepreload" as="script" crossorigin href="/_nuxt/3cMPLcct.js"> <link rel="modulepreload" as="script" crossorigin href="/_nuxt/Dor82rfw.js"> <link rel="modulepreload" as="script" crossorigin href="/_nuxt/DP4kohqj.js"> <link rel="modulepreload" as="script" crossorigin href="/_nuxt/BDDCjWOc.js"> <link rel="modulepreload" as="script" crossorigin href="/_nuxt/Zf_yh2jW.js"> <link rel="modulepreload" as="script" crossorigin href="/_nuxt/BnbvSdJT.js"> <link rel="modulepreload" as="script" crossorigin href="/_nuxt/YFA8x4hK.js"> <link rel="modulepreload" as="script" crossorigin href="/_nuxt/IGQRmJIF.js"> <link rel="modulepreload" as="script" crossorigin href="/_nuxt/DaVadcJ0.js"> <link rel="modulepreload" as="script" crossorigin href="/_nuxt/DhZc5WLo.js"> <link rel="modulepreload" as="script" crossorigin href="/_nuxt/gfMl4g9-.js"> <link rel="modulepreload" as="script" crossorigin href="/_nuxt/C1PZ3pHj.js"> <link rel="modulepreload" as="script" crossorigin href="/_nuxt/BqzJ8K68.js"> <link rel="modulepreload" as="script" crossorigin href="/_nuxt/DXNR3O3K.js"> <link rel="modulepreload" as="script" crossorigin href="/_nuxt/B4PXBh0i.js"> <link rel="modulepreload" as="script" crossorigin href="/_nuxt/DMwFr4QN.js"> <link rel="modulepreload" as="script" crossorigin href="/_nuxt/DuPjtcUR.js"> <link rel="modulepreload" as="script" crossorigin href="/_nuxt/F6hUaW97.js"> <link rel="modulepreload" as="script" crossorigin href="/_nuxt/D3teVL9B.js"> <link rel="modulepreload" as="script" crossorigin href="/_nuxt/B5GWGnZM.js"> <link rel="modulepreload" as="script" crossorigin href="/_nuxt/Bb2v063I.js"> <link rel="modulepreload" as="script" crossorigin href="/_nuxt/Cxak0ztL.js"> <link rel="modulepreload" as="script" crossorigin href="/_nuxt/QlR_q3t8.js"> <link rel="modulepreload" as="script" crossorigin href="/_nuxt/BQu82gvJ.js"> <link rel="modulepreload" as="script" crossorigin href="/_nuxt/DfKa7I3n.js"> <link rel="modulepreload" as="script" crossorigin href="/_nuxt/BsJYnfI9.js"> <link rel="modulepreload" as="script" crossorigin href="/_nuxt/C7cFC2q2.js"> <link rel="modulepreload" as="script" crossorigin href="/_nuxt/JbyY0nsY.js"> <link rel="modulepreload" as="script" crossorigin href="/_nuxt/wIJuUp4b.js"> <link rel="modulepreload" as="script" crossorigin href="/_nuxt/D4cEOlgd.js"> <link rel="modulepreload" as="script" crossorigin href="/_nuxt/CrFyujPu.js"> <link rel="modulepreload" as="script" crossorigin href="/_nuxt/CikmRlzc.js"> <link rel="modulepreload" as="script" crossorigin href="/_nuxt/BOn3ncr0.js"> <link rel="modulepreload" as="script" crossorigin href="/_nuxt/BBhgOfes.js"> <link rel="modulepreload" as="script" crossorigin href="/_nuxt/CVo1ZnJA.js"> <link rel="modulepreload" as="script" crossorigin href="/_nuxt/BCaw5prP.js"> <link rel="modulepreload" as="script" crossorigin href="/_nuxt/DLFtKeo7.js"> <link rel="modulepreload" as="script" crossorigin href="/_nuxt/ArxE11iU.js"> <link rel="modulepreload" as="script" crossorigin href="/_nuxt/flsCTfNu.js"> <link rel="modulepreload" as="script" crossorigin href="/_nuxt/AwxmPd0Z.js"> <link rel="modulepreload" as="script" crossorigin href="/_nuxt/G0ovAWek.js"> <link rel="modulepreload" as="script" crossorigin href="/_nuxt/DBDLvwqm.js"> <link rel="modulepreload" as="script" crossorigin href="/_nuxt/C08d6kHK.js"> <link rel="modulepreload" as="script" crossorigin href="/_nuxt/BVmItpn2.js"> <link rel="modulepreload" as="script" crossorigin href="/_nuxt/DTLaH6y_.js"> <link rel="prefetch" as="image" type="image/jpeg" href="/_nuxt/404-bg.B-eOJ4h_.jpg"> <link rel="prefetch" as="image" type="image/svg+xml" href="/_nuxt/nasa-logo.CFKB7Wqh.svg"> <link rel="prefetch" as="image" type="image/png" href="/_nuxt/nasa-logo_2x.C0A3w2m0.png"> <link rel="prefetch" as="image" type="image/png" href="/_nuxt/admin-bar-logo-color.ziwswd3d.png"> <link rel="prefetch" as="image" type="image/jpeg" href="/_nuxt/default-thumbnail.fCFQV2Qj.jpg"> <script type="module" src="/_nuxt/DrE9Aad1.js" crossorigin></script></head><body class="topic-template-default single single-topic"><div id="__nuxt"><div><a class="skip-link usa-button usa-button--secondary usa-sr-only" href="#primary"> Skip to main content </a><nav class="usa-sr-only" aria-hidden="true" aria-label="Hidden nav for search engines"><ul><li>Missions <ul><li><a href="https://www.nasa.gov/missions/" tabindex="-1">Search All NASA Missions</a></li><li><a href="https://www.nasa.gov/a-to-z-of-nasa-missions/" tabindex="-1">A to Z List of Missions</a></li><li><a href="https://www.nasa.gov/events/" tabindex="-1">Upcoming Launches and Landings</a></li><li><a href="https://www.nasa.gov/humans-in-space/spaceships-and-rockets/" tabindex="-1">Spaceships and Rockets</a></li><li><a href="https://www.nasa.gov/communicating-with-missions/" tabindex="-1">Communicating with Missions</a></li><li><a href="https://www.nasa.gov/humans-in-space/artemis/" tabindex="-1">Artemis</a></li><li><a href="https://science.nasa.gov/mission/webb/" tabindex="-1">James Webb Space Telescope</a></li><li><a href="https://science.nasa.gov/mission/hubble/" tabindex="-1">Hubble Space Telescope</a></li><li><a href="https://www.nasa.gov/international-space-station/" tabindex="-1">International Space Station</a></li><li><a href="https://science.nasa.gov/mission/osiris-rex/" tabindex="-1">OSIRIS-REx</a></li></ul></li><li>Humans in Space <ul><li><a href="https://www.nasa.gov/humans-in-space/why-go-to-space/" tabindex="-1">Why Go to Space</a></li><li><a href="https://www.nasa.gov/humans-in-space/astronauts/" tabindex="-1">Astronauts</a></li><li><a href="https://www.nasa.gov/humans-in-space/commercial-space/" tabindex="-1">Commercial Space</a></li><li><a href="https://www.nasa.gov/humans-in-space/destinations/" tabindex="-1">Destinations</a></li><li><a href="https://www.nasa.gov/humans-in-space/spaceships-and-rockets/" tabindex="-1">Spaceships and Rockets</a></li><li><a href="https://www.nasa.gov/humans-in-space/living-in-space/" tabindex="-1">Living in Space</a></li></ul></li><li>Earth &amp; Climate <ul><li><a href="https://science.nasa.gov/earth/explore/" tabindex="-1">Explore Earth Science</a></li><li><a href="https://science.nasa.gov/climate-change/" tabindex="-1">Climate Change</a></li><li><a href="https://science.nasa.gov/earth/facts/" tabindex="-1">Earth, Our Planet</a></li><li><a href="https://science.nasa.gov/earth/in-action/" tabindex="-1">Earth Science in Action</a></li><li><a href="https://science.nasa.gov/earth/multimedia/" tabindex="-1">Earth Multimedia</a></li><li><a href="https://science.nasa.gov/earth/data/" tabindex="-1">Earth Data</a></li><li><a href="https://science.nasa.gov/earth-science/" tabindex="-1">Earth Science Researchers</a></li></ul></li><li>About NASA <ul><li><a href="https://www.nasa.gov/nasa-impacts/" tabindex="-1">NASA's Impacts</a></li><li><a href="https://www.nasa.gov/nasa-centers-and-facilities/" tabindex="-1">Centers and Facilities</a></li><li><a href="https://www.nasa.gov/nasa-directorates/" tabindex="-1">Directorates</a></li><li><a href="https://www.nasa.gov/nasa-organization/" tabindex="-1">Organizations</a></li><li><a href="https://www.nasa.gov/people-of-nasa/" tabindex="-1">People of NASA</a></li><li><a href="https://www.nasa.gov/careers/" tabindex="-1">Careers</a></li><li><a href="https://www.nasa.gov/learning-resources/nasa-internship-programs/" tabindex="-1">Internships</a></li><li><a href="https://www.nasa.gov/history/" tabindex="-1">Our History</a></li><li><a href="https://www.nasa.gov/doing-business-with-nasa/" tabindex="-1">Doing Business with NASA</a></li><li><a href="https://www.nasa.gov/get-involved/" tabindex="-1">Get Involved</a></li><li><a href="https://www.nasa.gov/contact-nasa/" tabindex="-1">Contact</a></li></ul></li><li>Learning Resources <ul><li><a href="https://www.nasa.gov/learning-resources/for-kids-and-students/" tabindex="-1">For Kids and Students</a></li><li><a href="https://www.nasa.gov/learning-resources/for-educators/" tabindex="-1">For Educators</a></li><li><a href="https://www.nasa.gov/learning-resources/colleges-and-universities/" tabindex="-1">For Colleges and Universities</a></li><li><a href="https://www.nasa.gov/learning-resources/for-professionals/" tabindex="-1">For Professionals</a></li><li><a href="https://science.nasa.gov/for-everyone/" tabindex="-1">Science for Everyone</a></li><li><a href="https://www.nasa.gov/learning-resources/requests-for-exhibits-artifacts-or-speakers/" tabindex="-1">Request an Exhibit or Speaker</a></li><li><a href="https://www.nasa.gov/learning-resources/stem-engagement-at-nasa/" tabindex="-1">STEM Engagement at NASA</a></li></ul></li><li>Aeronautics <ul><li><a href="https://www.nasa.gov/aeronautics/science-in-the-air/" tabindex="-1">Science in the Air</a></li><li><a href="https://www.nasa.gov/aeronautics/aircraft/" tabindex="-1">NASA Aircraft</a></li><li><a href="https://www.nasa.gov/aeronautics/flight-innovation/" tabindex="-1">Flight Innovation</a></li><li><a href="https://www.nasa.gov/aeronautics/supersonic-flight/" tabindex="-1">Supersonic Flight</a></li><li><a href="https://www.nasa.gov/aeronautics/air-traffic-solutions/" tabindex="-1">Air Traffic Solutions</a></li><li><a href="https://www.nasa.gov/aeronautics/green-aero-tech/" tabindex="-1">Green Aviation Tech</a></li><li><a href="https://www.nasa.gov/aeronautics/drones-and-you/" tabindex="-1">Drones & You</a></li></ul></li><li>Technology <ul><li><a href="https://www.nasa.gov/technology-transfer-spinoffs/" tabindex="-1">Technology Transfer & Spinoffs</a></li><li><a href="https://www.nasa.gov/space-travel-technology/" tabindex="-1">Space Travel Technology</a></li><li><a href="https://www.nasa.gov/space-living-technology/" tabindex="-1">Technology Living in Space</a></li><li><a href="https://www.nasa.gov/manufacturing-and-materials/" tabindex="-1">Manufacturing and Materials</a></li><li><a href="https://www.nasa.gov/robotics/" tabindex="-1">Robotics</a></li><li><a href="https://www.nasa.gov/science-instruments/" tabindex="-1">Science Instruments</a></li><li><a href="https://www.nasa.gov/computing/" tabindex="-1">Computing</a></li></ul></li><li>The Universe <ul><li><a href="https://science.nasa.gov/exoplanets/" tabindex="-1">Exoplanets</a></li><li><a href="https://science.nasa.gov/universe/search-for-life/" tabindex="-1">The Search for Life in the Universe</a></li><li><a href="https://science.nasa.gov/universe/stars/" tabindex="-1">Stars</a></li><li><a href="https://science.nasa.gov/universe/galaxies/" tabindex="-1">Galaxies</a></li><li><a href="https://science.nasa.gov/universe/black-holes/" tabindex="-1">Black Holes</a></li><li><a href="https://science.nasa.gov/universe/the-big-bang/" tabindex="-1">The Big Bang</a></li><li><a href="https://science.nasa.gov/universe/dark-matter-dark-energy/" tabindex="-1">Dark Matter &amp; Dark Energy</a></li></ul></li><li>The Solar System <ul><li><a href="https://science.nasa.gov/sun/" tabindex="-1">The Sun</a></li><li><a href="https://science.nasa.gov/mercury/" tabindex="-1">Mercury</a></li><li><a href="https://science.nasa.gov/venus/" tabindex="-1">Venus</a></li><li><a href="https://science.nasa.gov/earth/" tabindex="-1">Earth</a></li><li><a href="https://science.nasa.gov/moon/" tabindex="-1">The Moon</a></li><li><a href="https://science.nasa.gov/mars/" tabindex="-1">Mars</a></li><li><a href="https://science.nasa.gov/jupiter/" tabindex="-1">Jupiter</a></li><li><a href="https://science.nasa.gov/saturn/" tabindex="-1">Saturn</a></li><li><a href="https://science.nasa.gov/uranus/" tabindex="-1">Uranus</a></li><li><a href="https://science.nasa.gov/neptune/" tabindex="-1">Neptune</a></li><li><a href="https://science.nasa.gov/dwarf-planets/" tabindex="-1">Pluto &amp; Dwarf Planets</a></li><li><a href="https://science.nasa.gov/asteroids-comets-meteors/" tabindex="-1">Asteroids, Comets &amp; Meteors</a></li><li><a href="https://science.nasa.gov/solar-system/kuiper-belt/" tabindex="-1">The Kuiper Belt</a></li><li><a href="https://science.nasa.gov/solar-system/oort-cloud/" tabindex="-1">The Oort Cloud</a></li><li><a href="https://science.nasa.gov/skywatching/" tabindex="-1">Skywatching</a></li></ul></li><li>Español <ul><li><a href="https://ciencia.nasa.gov/" tabindex="-1">Ciencia</a></li><li><a href="https://www.nasa.gov/espanol/aeronautica-en-espanol/" tabindex="-1">Aeronáutica</a></li><li><a href="https://ciencia.nasa.gov/tierra" tabindex="-1">Ciencias Terrestres</a></li><li><a href="https://ciencia.nasa.gov/sistema-solar" tabindex="-1">Sistema Solar</a></li><li><a href="https://ciencia.nasa.gov/universo" tabindex="-1">Universo</a></li></ul></li><li>Science <ul><li><a href="https://science.nasa.gov/" tabindex="-1">All NASA Science</a></li><li><a href="/earth-science/" tabindex="-1">Earth Science</a></li><li><a href="/planetary-science/" tabindex="-1">Planetary Science</a></li><li><a href="/astrophysics/" tabindex="-1">Astrophysics & Space Science</a></li><li><a href="/heliophysics/" tabindex="-1">The Sun & Heliophysics</a></li><li><a href="/biological-physical/" tabindex="-1">Biological & Physical Sciences</a></li><li><a href="/lunar-science/" tabindex="-1">Lunar Science</a></li><li><a href="/citizen-science/" tabindex="-1">Citizen Science</a></li><li><a href="/astromaterials/" tabindex="-1">Astromaterials</a></li><li><a href="https://www.nasa.gov/aeronautics-research/" tabindex="-1">Aeronautics Research</a></li><li><a href="/human-space-travel-research/" tabindex="-1">Human Space Travel Research</a></li></ul></li></ul></nav><div><div class="absolute z-top"><header class="NasaHeader z-top display-block desktop:display-none hds-nasa-header usa-header usa-header-mobile color-spacesuit-white bg-carbon-black padding-x-3 padding-y-2" aria-label="Mobile global header" data-headlessui-state><div class="usa-nav-container grid-row padding-y-05"><div class="grid-col-5 display-flex flex-align-center flex-justify-start"><button class="hds-global-menu-toggle menu-toggle menu-mobile-toggle bg-carbon-black color-spacesuit-white border-0 outline-transparent padding-x-0" aria-expanded="false" type="button" aria-label="Toggle menu"><span class="menu-toggle-icon"><span class="menu-toggle-icon-top"></span><span class="menu-toggle-icon-center"></span><span class="menu-toggle-icon-bottom"></span></span></button></div><div class="grid-col-2 display-flex flex-align-center flex-justify-center"><a href="https://www.nasa.gov" rel="noopener noreferrer" class="usa-logo display-block margin-0 width-fit-content text-center"><img fetchpriority="high" class="margin-y-0 margin-x-auto display-block" width="60" height="50.58" alt="NASA Logo" src="/_nuxt/nasa-logo_2x.C0A3w2m0.png" srcset="/_nuxt/nasa-logo.CFKB7Wqh.svg" draggable="false" style="-webkit-user-drag:none;" ondragstart="return false;"></a></div><div class="grid-col-5 display-flex flex-align-center flex-justify-end"><div class="hds-search-panel-mobile-trigger search-mobile color-carbon-20 menu-toggle" id="headlessui-popover-button-4193447" aria-expanded="false" data-headlessui-state><svg width="12" height="12" viewbox="0 0 12 12" fill="none" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><path d="M12 10.643L8.804 7.447a4.8 4.8 0 10-1.357 1.357L10.642 12 12 10.643zM1.36 4.8a3.44 3.44 0 116.879 0 3.44 3.44 0 01-6.879 0z"></path></svg></div></div></div></header></div><div hidden style="position:fixed;top:1;left:1;width:1;height:0;padding:0;margin:-1;overflow:hidden;clip:rect(0, 0, 0, 0);white-space:nowrap;border-width:0;display:none;"></div><header class="NasaHeader usa-header-primary usa-header usa-header--basic color-spacesuit-white border-top-2px padding-top-1px border-color-carbon-black-important desktop:display-block display-none padding-y-2 padding-x-2 bg-carbon-black hds-nasa-header z-top" aria-label="Desktop global header"><div class="padding-0 grid-container grid-container-extrawide grid-row"><div class="grid-col-5 display-flex flex-align-center"><ul class="usa-nav__primary usa-accordion"><li class="hds-explore-nav-trigger usa-nav__primary-item margin-right-2"><button id="global-navigation-trigger" class="usa-accordion__button usa-nav__link display-flex flex-align-center" aria-expanded="false" type="button"><span>Explore</span><svg version="1.1" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" x="0px" y="0px" width="16px" height="17px" viewbox="0 0 16 17" style="enable-background:new 0 0 16 17;" xml:space="preserve"><g><g><path d="M8,16.5c-4.4,0-8-3.6-8-8s3.6-8,8-8s8,3.6,8,8S12.4,16.5,8,16.5z M8,1.5c-3.9,0-7,3.1-7,7c0,3.9,3.1,7,7,7 s7-3.1,7-7C15,4.6,11.9,1.5,8,1.5z"></path></g><g><path d="M8,10l2.6-2.6L11.2,8L8,11.2L4.8,8l0.6-0.6L8,10z"></path></g></g></svg></button></li></ul><form action="https://www.nasa.gov/" class="usa-search usa-search--small float-none" role="search" style="float:none !important;"><label class="usa-sr-only" for="search-field-en-small">Search</label><input id="search-field-en-small" class="usa-input border bg-carbon-black border-color-carbon-80-important" type="search" name="search" value="" placeholder="Search..."><input type="hidden" name="language" value="en-US"><button class="usa-button display-none" type="submit"><span class="usa-sr-only">Submit</span></button></form></div><div class="grid-col-2 display-flex flex-justify-center flex-align-center"><a href="https://www.nasa.gov" rel="noopener noreferrer" aria-label="NASA homepage" class="usa-logo tablet:display-block margin-0 outline-0"><img fetchpriority="high" class="margin-y-0 margin-x-auto display-block" width="60" height="50.58" alt="NASA Logo" src="/_nuxt/nasa-logo_2x.C0A3w2m0.png" srcset="/_nuxt/nasa-logo.CFKB7Wqh.svg" draggable="false" style="-webkit-user-drag:none;" ondragstart="return false;"></a></div><nav aria-label="Secondary" class="grid-col-5 color-spacesuit-white"><div class="usa-nav__inner hds-nav__inner"><ul class="hds-nav-primary color-spacesuit-white usa-nav__primary flex-justify-end"><li class="hds-nav-has-submenu usa-nav__primary-item"><div data-headlessui-state><button class="usa-nav__link heading-16 color-spacesuit-white padding-y-2 padding-x-2 display-flex flex-align-center" id="headlessui-popover-button-4193452" type="button" aria-expanded="false" data-headlessui-state><span>News & Events</span><svg version="1.1" fill="#fff" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" x="0px" y="0px" width="12px" height="12px" viewBox="0 0 306 306" style="enable-background:new 0 0 306 306;max-width:12px;" xml:space="preserve"><g><polygon points="270.3,58.65 153,175.95 35.7,58.65 0,94.35 153,247.35 306,94.35 "></polygon></g></svg></button></div><div hidden style="position:fixed;top:1;left:1;width:1;height:0;padding:0;margin:-1;overflow:hidden;clip:rect(0, 0, 0, 0);white-space:nowrap;border-width:0;display:none;"></div></li><li class="hds-nav-has-submenu usa-nav__primary-item"><div data-headlessui-state><button class="usa-nav__link heading-16 color-spacesuit-white padding-y-2 padding-x-2 display-flex flex-align-center" id="headlessui-popover-button-4193454" type="button" aria-expanded="false" data-headlessui-state><span>Multimedia</span><svg version="1.1" fill="#fff" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" x="0px" y="0px" width="12px" height="12px" viewBox="0 0 306 306" style="enable-background:new 0 0 306 306;max-width:12px;" xml:space="preserve"><g><polygon points="270.3,58.65 153,175.95 35.7,58.65 0,94.35 153,247.35 306,94.35 "></polygon></g></svg></button></div><div hidden style="position:fixed;top:1;left:1;width:1;height:0;padding:0;margin:-1;overflow:hidden;clip:rect(0, 0, 0, 0);white-space:nowrap;border-width:0;display:none;"></div></li><li class="hds-nav-has-submenu usa-nav__primary-item"><a href="https://plus.nasa.gov/" rel="noopener noreferrer" class="NasaLiveIndicator button hds-nav__link-nasa-live usa-nav__link-nasa-live usa-nav__link heading-16 color-spacesuit-white display-flex desktop:flex-row flex-align-center"><span>NASA+</span></a></li></ul></div></nav></div></header><div hidden style="position:fixed;top:1;left:1;width:1;height:0;padding:0;margin:-1;overflow:hidden;clip:rect(0, 0, 0, 0);white-space:nowrap;border-width:0;display:none;"></div></div><div><main id="primary" class="site-main"><div class="TemplateGeneric topic type-topic hentry"><div class="GutenbergBlocks hds-module"><div class="BlockLayout margin-y-0"><div><div class="display-none desktop:display-block"><div class="BlockWrapper hds-module hds-secondary-navigation width-full border-bottom-1px text-center tablet:display-flex flex-align-center desktop:display-block hds-color-mode-dark wp-block-nasa-blocks-hdsnav NasaBlocksSecondaryNavigationDesktopBlock"><div class="hds-secondary-nav-track grid-container grid-container-extrawide padding-0 tablet:padding-x-3 desktop:padding-x-2"><div class="hds-secondary-navigation-menu-items margin-0"><nav aria-label="Section" class="NavSecondaryDesktop"><ul class="usa-nav__primary usa-accordion flex-justify-center"><li class="NavSecondaryDesktopDropdownDesktop usa-nav__primary-item"><button type="button" class="usa-accordion__button usa-nav__link font-weight-bold" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="dropdown_0-link_id_0"><span>Universe</span><svg alt="" enable-background="new 0 0 400 400" viewBox="0 0 400 400" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><path d="m4.2 122.2 195.1 195.1 196.5-196.6-37.9-38-157.8 157.8-156.8-156.8z"></path></svg></button><ul style="display:none;" id="dropdown_0-link_id_0" class="usa-nav__submenu"><li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"><a href="/universe/overview/" class="link-external-false"><span>Cosmic History</span></a><ul class="nested-menu"></ul></li><li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"><a href="/universe/overview/building-blocks/" class="link-external-false"><span>Building Blocks</span></a><ul class="nested-menu"></ul></li><li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"><a href="/universe/overview/forces/" class="link-external-false"><span>Forces</span></a><ul class="nested-menu"></ul></li></ul></li><li class="NavSecondaryDesktopDropdownDesktop usa-nav__primary-item"><button type="button" class="usa-accordion__button usa-nav__link font-weight-bold" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="dropdown_1-link_id_0"><span>Galaxies</span><svg alt="" enable-background="new 0 0 400 400" viewBox="0 0 400 400" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><path d="m4.2 122.2 195.1 195.1 196.5-196.6-37.9-38-157.8 157.8-156.8-156.8z"></path></svg></button><ul style="display:none;" id="dropdown_1-link_id_0" class="usa-nav__submenu"><li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"><a aria-current="page" href="/universe/galaxies/" class="usa-current router-link-exact-active link-external-false"><span>Overview</span></a><ul class="nested-menu"></ul></li><li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"><a href="/universe/galaxies/types/" class="link-external-false"><span>Types</span></a><ul class="nested-menu"></ul></li><li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"><a href="/universe/galaxies/evolution/" class="link-external-false"><span>Evolution</span></a><ul class="nested-menu"></ul></li><li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"><a href="/universe/galaxies/large-scale-structures/" class="link-external-false"><span>Large Scale Structures</span></a><ul class="nested-menu"></ul></li></ul></li><li class="NavSecondaryDesktopDropdownDesktop usa-nav__primary-item"><button type="button" class="usa-accordion__button usa-nav__link font-weight-bold" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="dropdown_2-link_id_0"><span>Black Holes</span><svg alt="" enable-background="new 0 0 400 400" viewBox="0 0 400 400" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><path d="m4.2 122.2 195.1 195.1 196.5-196.6-37.9-38-157.8 157.8-156.8-156.8z"></path></svg></button><ul style="display:none;" id="dropdown_2-link_id_0" class="usa-nav__submenu"><li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"><a href="/universe/black-holes/" class="link-external-false"><span>Overview</span></a><ul class="nested-menu"></ul></li><li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"><a href="/universe/black-holes/types/" class="link-external-false"><span>Types</span></a><ul class="nested-menu"></ul></li><li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"><a href="/universe/black-holes/anatomy/" class="link-external-false"><span>Anatomy</span></a><ul class="nested-menu"></ul></li><li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"><a href="/universe/black-holes/black-hole-week/" class="link-external-false"><span>Black Hole Week</span></a><ul class="nested-menu"></ul></li></ul></li><li class="NavSecondaryDesktopDropdownDesktop usa-nav__primary-item"><button type="button" class="usa-accordion__button usa-nav__link font-weight-bold" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="dropdown_3-link_id_0"><span>Stars</span><svg alt="" enable-background="new 0 0 400 400" viewBox="0 0 400 400" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><path d="m4.2 122.2 195.1 195.1 196.5-196.6-37.9-38-157.8 157.8-156.8-156.8z"></path></svg></button><ul style="display:none;" id="dropdown_3-link_id_0" class="usa-nav__submenu"><li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"><a href="/universe/stars/" class="link-external-false"><span>Overview</span></a><ul class="nested-menu"></ul></li><li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"><a href="/universe/stars/types/" class="link-external-false"><span>Types</span></a><ul class="nested-menu"></ul></li><li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"><a href="/universe/stars/multiple-star-systems/" class="link-external-false"><span>Multiple Star Systems</span></a><ul class="nested-menu"></ul></li><li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"><a href="/universe/stars/planetary-system/" class="link-external-false"><span>Planetary Systems</span></a><ul class="nested-menu"></ul></li></ul></li><li class="usa-nav__primary-item"><a href="/exoplanets/" class="link-external-false"><span>Exoplanets</span></a></li><li class="NavSecondaryDesktopDropdownDesktop usa-nav__primary-item"><button type="button" class="usa-accordion__button usa-nav__link font-weight-bold" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="dropdown_5-link_id_0"><span>Exploration</span><svg alt="" enable-background="new 0 0 400 400" viewBox="0 0 400 400" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><path d="m4.2 122.2 195.1 195.1 196.5-196.6-37.9-38-157.8 157.8-156.8-156.8z"></path></svg></button><ul style="display:none;" id="dropdown_5-link_id_0" class="usa-nav__submenu"><li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"><a href="/universe/sensing-the-universe/" class="link-external-false"><span>Sensing the Universe</span></a><ul class="nested-menu"></ul></li><li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"><a href="/universe/telescopes-101/" class="link-external-false"><span>Telescopes 101</span></a><ul class="nested-menu"></ul></li><li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"><a href="/universe/observatories/" class="link-external-false"><span>Observatories</span></a><ul class="nested-menu"></ul></li></ul></li><li class="NavSecondaryDesktopDropdownDesktop usa-nav__primary-item"><button type="button" class="usa-accordion__button usa-nav__link font-weight-bold" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="dropdown_6-link_id_0"><span>More</span><svg alt="" enable-background="new 0 0 400 400" viewBox="0 0 400 400" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><path d="m4.2 122.2 195.1 195.1 196.5-196.6-37.9-38-157.8 157.8-156.8-156.8z"></path></svg></button><ul style="display:none;" id="dropdown_6-link_id_0" class="usa-nav__submenu"><li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"><a href="/stories-srjhx/" class="link-external-false"><span>News</span></a><ul class="nested-menu"></ul></li><li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"><a href="/universe/stories/deep-dives/" class="link-external-false"><span>Deep Dives</span></a><ul class="nested-menu"></ul></li><li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"><a href="/universe/stories/quick-reads/" class="link-external-false"><span>Quick Reads</span></a><ul class="nested-menu"></ul></li><li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"><a href="/universe/graphics/" class="link-external-false"><span>Graphics</span></a><ul class="nested-menu"></ul></li><li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"><a href="/universe/glossary/a-g/" class="link-external-false"><span>Glossary</span></a><ul class="nested-menu"></ul></li></ul></li><li class="usa-nav__primary-item"><a href="/universe/" class="link-external-false"><span>Universe Home</span></a></li></ul></nav></div></div></div></div><div class="display-block desktop:display-none"><div class="BlockWrapper hds-module wp-block-nasa-blocks-hdsnav NavSecondaryMobileBlock"><nav aria-label="Section" class="nav-secondary-dark padding-top-05 padding-bottom-05 nav-secondary-border"><button aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="secondary-nav-universe" class="text-white display-flex flex-row flex-align-center width-full bg-transparent border-0"><div class="width-full text-left text-bold">Explore This Section</div><svg class="mobile-nav-toggle-icon" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><path d="M0.5 10C0.5 4.75329 4.75329 0.5 10 0.5C15.2467 0.5 19.5 4.75329 19.5 10C19.5 15.2467 15.2467 19.5 10 19.5C4.75329 19.5 0.5 15.2467 0.5 10Z" fill="none" stroke="#959599"></path><path fill-rule="evenodd" clip-rule="evenodd" d="M10 11.0552L13.2328 7.80005L14 8.57249L10 12.6L6 8.57249L6.76716 7.80005L10 11.0552Z" fill="#ffffff"></path></svg></button><div style="display:none;" id="secondary-nav-universe" class=""><div class="NavSecondaryMobile"><div><div><div class="NavSecondaryMobileDropdown width-full"><button aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="dropdown_0-link_id_0" class="nav-secondary-dark display-flex flex-row flex-align-center width-full"><div class="text-white text-left width-full text-bold">Universe</div><svg width="16" height="16" viewBox="0 0 16 16" fill="none" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><circle cx="8" cy="8" r="7.5" fill="#0B3D91" stroke="white"></circle><rect x="4" y="7.6001" width="8" height="0.8" fill="white"></rect><rect x="7.59998" y="12" width="8" height="0.8" transform="rotate(-90 7.59998 12)" fill="white"></rect></svg></button></div></div><div><div class="NavSecondaryMobileDropdown width-full"><button aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="dropdown_1-link_id_0" class="nav-secondary-dark display-flex flex-row flex-align-center width-full"><div class="text-white text-left width-full text-bold">Galaxies</div><svg width="16" height="16" viewBox="0 0 16 16" fill="none" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><circle cx="8" cy="8" r="7.5" fill="#0B3D91" stroke="white"></circle><rect x="4" y="7.6001" width="8" height="0.8" fill="white"></rect><rect x="7.59998" y="12" width="8" height="0.8" transform="rotate(-90 7.59998 12)" fill="white"></rect></svg></button></div></div><div><div class="NavSecondaryMobileDropdown width-full"><button aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="dropdown_2-link_id_0" class="nav-secondary-dark display-flex flex-row flex-align-center width-full"><div class="text-white text-left width-full text-bold">Black Holes</div><svg width="16" height="16" viewBox="0 0 16 16" fill="none" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><circle cx="8" cy="8" r="7.5" fill="#0B3D91" stroke="white"></circle><rect x="4" y="7.6001" width="8" height="0.8" fill="white"></rect><rect x="7.59998" y="12" width="8" height="0.8" transform="rotate(-90 7.59998 12)" fill="white"></rect></svg></button></div></div><div><div class="NavSecondaryMobileDropdown width-full"><button aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="dropdown_3-link_id_0" class="nav-secondary-dark display-flex flex-row flex-align-center width-full"><div class="text-white text-left width-full text-bold">Stars</div><svg width="16" height="16" viewBox="0 0 16 16" fill="none" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><circle cx="8" cy="8" r="7.5" fill="#0B3D91" stroke="white"></circle><rect x="4" y="7.6001" width="8" height="0.8" fill="white"></rect><rect x="7.59998" y="12" width="8" height="0.8" transform="rotate(-90 7.59998 12)" fill="white"></rect></svg></button></div></div><div><a href="/exoplanets/" class="link-external-false nav-link text-bold text-white"><span class="text-carbon-90">Exoplanets</span></a></div><div><div class="NavSecondaryMobileDropdown width-full"><button aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="dropdown_5-link_id_0" class="nav-secondary-dark display-flex flex-row flex-align-center width-full"><div class="text-white text-left width-full text-bold">Exploration</div><svg width="16" height="16" viewBox="0 0 16 16" fill="none" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><circle cx="8" cy="8" r="7.5" fill="#0B3D91" stroke="white"></circle><rect x="4" y="7.6001" width="8" height="0.8" fill="white"></rect><rect x="7.59998" y="12" width="8" height="0.8" transform="rotate(-90 7.59998 12)" fill="white"></rect></svg></button></div></div><div><div class="NavSecondaryMobileDropdown width-full"><button aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="dropdown_6-link_id_0" class="nav-secondary-dark display-flex flex-row flex-align-center width-full"><div class="text-white text-left width-full text-bold">More</div><svg width="16" height="16" viewBox="0 0 16 16" fill="none" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><circle cx="8" cy="8" r="7.5" fill="#0B3D91" stroke="white"></circle><rect x="4" y="7.6001" width="8" height="0.8" fill="white"></rect><rect x="7.59998" y="12" width="8" height="0.8" transform="rotate(-90 7.59998 12)" fill="white"></rect></svg></button></div></div><div><a href="/universe/" class="link-external-false nav-link text-bold text-white"><span class="text-carbon-90">Universe Home</span></a></div></div></div></div></nav></div></div></div></div></div><div class="GutenbergBlocks hds-module"><div class="BlockLayout margin-full-bleed"><div class="BlockWrapper hds-module nasa-gb-align-full maxw-full width-full padding-0 wp-block-nasa-blocks-page-intro NasaBlocksPageIntroBlock"><div class="padding-0 bg-spacesuit-white wp-block-nasa-blocks-page-intro"><div class="hds-page-intro hds-page-intro-banner width-full maxw-full padding-0 hds-cover-wrapper minh-tablet"><div class="hds-foreground-wrapper display-flex"><div class="grid-row grid-container grid-container-block margin-top-auto margin-bottom-auto width-full maxw-desktop-lg padding-top-9 padding-x-3 z-400"><div class="grid-col-12 desktop:grid-col-6 desktop:padding-right-4 margin-bottom-3 desktop:margin-bottom-0"><div class="margin-bottom-2"><h1 class="page-heading-md line-height-sm color-spacesuit-white-important margin-0">Galaxy Basics</h1></div></div><div class="grid-col-12 desktop:grid-col-6 desktop:padding-right-4 margin-bottom-3 desktop:margin-bottom-0"></div></div></div><div class="skrim-overlay skrim-left mobile-skrim-top z-200"></div><figure class="hds-media-background"><picture class="BaseMedia width-full"><source type="image/webp" sizes="(max-width: 640px) 320px, (max-width: 768px) 640px, (max-width: 1024px) 768px, (max-width: 1280px) 1024px, (max-width: 1536px) 1280px, 2048px" srcset="https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/spiral-galaxy-jpg.webp?w=320&format=webp 320w, https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/spiral-galaxy-jpg.webp?w=640&format=webp 640w, https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/spiral-galaxy-jpg.webp?w=768&format=webp 768w, https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/spiral-galaxy-jpg.webp?w=1024&format=webp 1024w, https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/spiral-galaxy-jpg.webp?w=1280&format=webp 1280w, https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/spiral-galaxy-jpg.webp?w=1536&format=webp 1536w, https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/spiral-galaxy-jpg.webp?w=2048&format=webp 2048w, https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/spiral-galaxy-jpg.webp?w=2560&format=webp 2560w, https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/spiral-galaxy-jpg.webp?w=3072&format=webp 3072w, https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/spiral-galaxy-jpg.webp?w=4096&format=webp 4096w"><img width="1200" height="938" alt="Looking like a pinwheel, this face-on spiral galaxy holds a bright-white core at image center. Arms curve outward from the core. They hold dark dust lanes and bright star-forming regions. All on a black background dotted with stars." loading="eager" decoding="async" onerror="this.setAttribute('data-error', 1)" style="transform:scale(1);transform-origin:50% 50%;object-position:50% 50%;object-fit:cover;" class="width-full" data-nuxt-pic src="https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/spiral-galaxy-jpg.webp?w=4096&format=png" sizes="(max-width: 640px) 320px, (max-width: 768px) 640px, (max-width: 1024px) 768px, (max-width: 1280px) 1024px, (max-width: 1536px) 1280px, 2048px" srcset="https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/spiral-galaxy-jpg.webp?w=320&format=png 320w, https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/spiral-galaxy-jpg.webp?w=640&format=png 640w, https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/spiral-galaxy-jpg.webp?w=768&format=png 768w, https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/spiral-galaxy-jpg.webp?w=1024&format=png 1024w, https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/spiral-galaxy-jpg.webp?w=1280&format=png 1280w, https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/spiral-galaxy-jpg.webp?w=1536&format=png 1536w, https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/spiral-galaxy-jpg.webp?w=2048&format=png 2048w, https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/spiral-galaxy-jpg.webp?w=2560&format=png 2560w, https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/spiral-galaxy-jpg.webp?w=3072&format=png 3072w, https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/spiral-galaxy-jpg.webp?w=4096&format=png 4096w"></picture></figure></div></div></div></div></div><div class="GutenbergBlocksCustomFields hds-module"><div class="GutenbergBlocks hds-module"><div class="BlockLayout BlockLayoutGeneric grid-row grid-container grid-container-block smd-padding-x-responsive margin-y-3"><div class="grid-col-12 desktop:grid-col-8 desktop:grid-offset-2"><div class="BlockWrapper hds-module width-full maxw-full CoreParagraphBlock"><div class="grid-container-block grid-container padding-0"><p class="margin-0 padding-0">Galaxies consist of stars, planets, and vast clouds of gas and dust, all bound together by gravity. The largest contain trillions of stars and can be more than a million light-years across. The smallest can contain a few thousand stars and span just a few hundred light-years. Most large galaxies have supermassive black holes at their centers, some with billions of times the Sun’s mass.</p></div></div></div></div><div class="BlockLayout BlockLayoutGeneric grid-row grid-container grid-container-block smd-padding-x-responsive margin-y-3"><div class="grid-col-12 desktop:grid-col-8 desktop:grid-offset-2"><div class="BlockWrapper hds-module width-full maxw-full CoreParagraphBlock"><div class="grid-container-block grid-container padding-0"><p class="margin-0 padding-0">Galaxies come in a variety of shapes, mostly spirals and ellipticals, as well as those with less orderly appearances, usually dubbed irregular.</p></div></div></div></div><div class="BlockLayout BlockLayoutGeneric grid-row grid-container grid-container-block smd-padding-x-responsive margin-y-3"><div class="grid-col-12 desktop:grid-col-8 desktop:grid-offset-2"><div class="BlockWrapper hds-module width-full maxw-full CoreParagraphBlock"><div class="grid-container-block grid-container padding-0"><p class="margin-0 padding-0">Most galaxies are between 10 billion and 13.6 billion years old. Some are almost as old as the universe itself, which formed around 13.8 billion years ago. Astronomers think the youngest known galaxy formed approximately 500 million years ago.</p></div></div></div></div><div class="BlockLayout BlockLayoutGeneric grid-row grid-container grid-container-block smd-padding-x-responsive margin-y-3"><div class="grid-col-12 desktop:grid-col-8 desktop:grid-offset-2"><div class="BlockWrapper hds-module width-full maxw-full CoreParagraphBlock"><div class="grid-container-block grid-container padding-0"><p class="margin-0 padding-0">Galaxies can organize into groups of about 100 or fewer members held together by their mutual gravity. Larger structures, called clusters, may contain thousands of galaxies. Groups and clusters can be arranged in superclusters, which are not gravitationally bound. Superclusters, empty voids, “walls” of galaxies, and other large-scale structures make up the cosmic web of matter in the universe.</p></div></div></div></div><div class="BlockLayout BlockLayoutGeneric grid-row grid-container grid-container-block smd-padding-x-responsive margin-top-5 margin-bottom-2"><div class="grid-col-12 desktop:grid-col-8 desktop:grid-offset-2"><div id="milky-way" class="BlockWrapper hds-module width-full maxw-full CoreHeadingBlock"><div class="grid-container-block grid-container padding-0"><h2><span>Our Milky Way</span></h2></div></div></div></div><div class="BlockLayout BlockLayoutGeneric grid-row grid-container grid-container-block smd-padding-x-responsive margin-y-3"><div class="grid-col-12 desktop:grid-col-8 desktop:grid-offset-2"><div class="BlockWrapper hds-module width-full maxw-full CoreParagraphBlock"><div class="grid-container-block grid-container padding-0"><p class="margin-0 padding-0">Our home galaxy is called the Milky Way. It’s a spiral galaxy with a disk of stars spanning more than 100,000 light-years. Earth is located along one of the galaxy’s spiral arms, about halfway from the center. Our solar system takes about 240 million years to orbit the Milky Way just once.</p></div></div></div></div><div class="BlockLayout BlockLayoutGeneric grid-row grid-container grid-container-block smd-padding-x-responsive margin-y-5 desktop:margin-y-6"><div class="grid-col-12 desktop:grid-col-8 desktop:grid-offset-2"><div class="BlockWrapper hds-module hds-media wp-block-image CoreImageBlock"><div class="margin-left-auto margin-right-auto nasa-block-align-inline"><div class="hds-media-wrapper margin-left-auto margin-right-auto"><figure class="hds-media-inner hds-cover-wrapper hds-media-ratio-fit"><picture class="BaseMedia width-full"><source type="image/webp" sizes="(max-width: 640px) 320px, (max-width: 768px) 640px, (max-width: 1024px) 768px, (max-width: 1280px) 1024px, (max-width: 1536px) 1280px, 2048px" srcset="https://assets.science.nasa.gov/dynamicimage/assets/science/astro/universe/internal_resources/332/Milky_Way_illustration-1.jpeg?w=320&format=webp&fit=clip&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 320w, https://assets.science.nasa.gov/dynamicimage/assets/science/astro/universe/internal_resources/332/Milky_Way_illustration-1.jpeg?w=640&format=webp&fit=clip&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 640w, https://assets.science.nasa.gov/dynamicimage/assets/science/astro/universe/internal_resources/332/Milky_Way_illustration-1.jpeg?w=768&format=webp&fit=clip&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 768w, https://assets.science.nasa.gov/dynamicimage/assets/science/astro/universe/internal_resources/332/Milky_Way_illustration-1.jpeg?w=1024&format=webp&fit=clip&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 1024w, https://assets.science.nasa.gov/dynamicimage/assets/science/astro/universe/internal_resources/332/Milky_Way_illustration-1.jpeg?w=1280&format=webp&fit=clip&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 1280w, https://assets.science.nasa.gov/dynamicimage/assets/science/astro/universe/internal_resources/332/Milky_Way_illustration-1.jpeg?w=1536&format=webp&fit=clip&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 1536w, https://assets.science.nasa.gov/dynamicimage/assets/science/astro/universe/internal_resources/332/Milky_Way_illustration-1.jpeg?w=2048&format=webp&fit=clip&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 2048w, https://assets.science.nasa.gov/dynamicimage/assets/science/astro/universe/internal_resources/332/Milky_Way_illustration-1.jpeg?w=2560&format=webp&fit=clip&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 2560w, https://assets.science.nasa.gov/dynamicimage/assets/science/astro/universe/internal_resources/332/Milky_Way_illustration-1.jpeg?w=3072&format=webp&fit=clip&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 3072w, https://assets.science.nasa.gov/dynamicimage/assets/science/astro/universe/internal_resources/332/Milky_Way_illustration-1.jpeg?w=4096&format=webp&fit=clip&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 4096w"><img width="800" height="800" alt="Milky Way illustration" loading="lazy" decoding="async" onerror="this.setAttribute('data-error', 1)" style="transform:scale(1);transform-origin:50% 50%;object-position:50% 50%;object-fit:cover;" class="width-full" data-nuxt-pic src="https://assets.science.nasa.gov/dynamicimage/assets/science/astro/universe/internal_resources/332/Milky_Way_illustration-1.jpeg?w=4096&format=jpeg&fit=clip&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint" sizes="(max-width: 640px) 320px, (max-width: 768px) 640px, (max-width: 1024px) 768px, (max-width: 1280px) 1024px, (max-width: 1536px) 1280px, 2048px" srcset="https://assets.science.nasa.gov/dynamicimage/assets/science/astro/universe/internal_resources/332/Milky_Way_illustration-1.jpeg?w=320&format=jpeg&fit=clip&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 320w, https://assets.science.nasa.gov/dynamicimage/assets/science/astro/universe/internal_resources/332/Milky_Way_illustration-1.jpeg?w=640&format=jpeg&fit=clip&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 640w, https://assets.science.nasa.gov/dynamicimage/assets/science/astro/universe/internal_resources/332/Milky_Way_illustration-1.jpeg?w=768&format=jpeg&fit=clip&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 768w, https://assets.science.nasa.gov/dynamicimage/assets/science/astro/universe/internal_resources/332/Milky_Way_illustration-1.jpeg?w=1024&format=jpeg&fit=clip&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 1024w, https://assets.science.nasa.gov/dynamicimage/assets/science/astro/universe/internal_resources/332/Milky_Way_illustration-1.jpeg?w=1280&format=jpeg&fit=clip&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 1280w, https://assets.science.nasa.gov/dynamicimage/assets/science/astro/universe/internal_resources/332/Milky_Way_illustration-1.jpeg?w=1536&format=jpeg&fit=clip&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 1536w, https://assets.science.nasa.gov/dynamicimage/assets/science/astro/universe/internal_resources/332/Milky_Way_illustration-1.jpeg?w=2048&format=jpeg&fit=clip&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 2048w, https://assets.science.nasa.gov/dynamicimage/assets/science/astro/universe/internal_resources/332/Milky_Way_illustration-1.jpeg?w=2560&format=jpeg&fit=clip&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 2560w, https://assets.science.nasa.gov/dynamicimage/assets/science/astro/universe/internal_resources/332/Milky_Way_illustration-1.jpeg?w=3072&format=jpeg&fit=clip&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 3072w, https://assets.science.nasa.gov/dynamicimage/assets/science/astro/universe/internal_resources/332/Milky_Way_illustration-1.jpeg?w=4096&format=jpeg&fit=clip&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 4096w"></picture></figure><figcaption class="hds-caption padding-top-2"><div class="hds-caption-text p-sm margin-0">This illustration shows the Milky Way, our home galaxy.</div><div class="hds-credits">NASA/JPL-Caltech</div></figcaption></div></div></div></div></div><div class="BlockLayout BlockLayoutGeneric grid-row grid-container grid-container-block smd-padding-x-responsive margin-y-3"><div class="grid-col-12 desktop:grid-col-8 desktop:grid-offset-2"><div class="BlockWrapper hds-module width-full maxw-full CoreParagraphBlock"><div class="grid-container-block grid-container padding-0"><p class="margin-0 padding-0">From our perspective on Earth, the Milky Way looks like a faint, milky band of light arcing across the entire sky, which is how it got its name. This feature marks the central disk of our home galaxy seen edge on.</p></div></div></div></div><div class="BlockLayout BlockLayoutGeneric grid-row grid-container grid-container-block smd-padding-x-responsive margin-y-3"><div class="grid-col-12 desktop:grid-col-8 desktop:grid-offset-2"><div class="BlockWrapper hds-module width-full maxw-full CoreParagraphBlock"><div class="grid-container-block grid-container padding-0"><p class="margin-0 padding-0">The Milky Way sits in a neighborhood with over 50 other galaxies called the Local Group. Its members range in size from dwarf galaxies (smaller galaxies with up to a few billion stars) to Andromeda, our nearest large galactic neighbor.</p></div></div></div></div><div class="BlockLayout BlockLayoutGeneric grid-row grid-container grid-container-block smd-padding-x-responsive margin-y-3"><div class="grid-col-12 desktop:grid-col-8 desktop:grid-offset-2"><div class="BlockWrapper hds-module width-full maxw-full CoreParagraphBlock"><div class="grid-container-block grid-container padding-0"><p class="margin-0 padding-0">The Local Group sits just off the edge of the Virgo cluster and is part of the Laniakea supercluster.</p></div></div></div></div><div class="BlockLayout margin-full-bleed"><div class="BlockWrapper hds-module nasa-gb-align-full maxw-full width-full padding-y-6 padding-x-3 bg-spacesuit-white color-mode-dark wp-block-nasa-blocks-news-automated"><div class="grid-container grid-container-block"><div class="grid-row flex-align-center margin-bottom-3"><div class="desktop:grid-col margin-bottom-2 desktop:margin-bottom-0"><h2 class="section-heading-md margin-0">Galaxies Stories</h2></div><div class="desktop:grid-col display-flex flex-align-center desktop:flex-justify-end"><a href="/astrophysics/focus-areas/what-are-galaxies/stories/" class="link-external-false BaseButton button-primary link-external-0 display-inline-block button-primary-md"><span class="display-flex flex-row flex-align-center width-auto"><span class="line-height-alt-1 width-auto" style="white-space:pre-wrap;min-width:1px;"><span>Explore All Galaxy Stories</span></span><svg viewBox="0 0 34 32" fill="none" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><circle class="button-primary-circle" cx="16" cy="16" r="16"></circle><path d="M8 16.956h12.604l-3.844 4.106 1.252 1.338L24 16l-5.988-6.4-1.252 1.338 3.844 4.106H8v1.912z" class="color-spacesuit-white"></path></svg></span></a></div></div><div class="grid-row latest-news-items"><div class="grid-col mobile:grid-col tablet:grid-col-12 desktop:grid-col-7 latest-news-item-0 margin-bottom-2 -tablet:margin-bottom-0 desktop:margin-bottom-0 padding-right-0 tablet:padding-right-0 desktop:padding-right-2"><a href="/missions/webb/hats-off-to-nasas-webb-sombrero-galaxy-dazzles-in-new-image/" class="link-external-false maxw-full width-full latest-news-item news-item news-item"><div class="hds-cover-wrapper cover-hover-zoom bg-carbon-black"><div class="skrim-overlay skrim-overlay-dark skrim-left mobile-skrim-top padding-3 display-flex flex-column flex-align-start flex-justify-start z-200"><div class="display-flex flex-align-center label color-spacesuit-white margin-bottom-auto"><svg version="1.1" class="square-2 margin-right-1" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" x="0px" y="0px" width="16px" height="16px" viewBox="0 0 16 16" style="enable-background:new 0 0 16 16;" xml:space="preserve"><g><g><path d="M8,0C3.5,0-0.1,3.7,0,8.2C0.1,12.5,3.6,16,8,16c4.4,0,8-3.6,8-8C16,3.5,12.4,0,8,0z M8,15.2 C4,15.2,0.8,12,0.8,8C0.8,4,4,0.8,8,0.8c3.9,0,7.2,3.2,7.2,7.1C15.2,11.9,12,15.2,8,15.2z"></path><path d="M5.6,12c0.8-0.8,1.6-1.6,2.4-2.4c0.8,0.8,1.6,1.6,2.4,2.4c0-2.7,0-5.3,0-8C8.8,4,7.2,4,5.6,4 C5.6,6.7,5.6,9.3,5.6,12z"></path></g></g></svg><span>Article</span></div><div class="display-block maxw-tablet"><div class="label margin-bottom-1">5 min read</div><p class="heading-22 color-spacesuit-white margin-0"><span>Hats Off to NASA’s Webb: Sombrero Galaxy Dazzles in New Image</span></p></div></div><figure class="hds-media-background z-100"><picture class="BaseMedia width-full"><source type="image/webp" sizes="(max-width: 640px) 320px, (max-width: 768px) 640px, (max-width: 1024px) 768px, (max-width: 1280px) 1024px, (max-width: 1536px) 1280px, 2048px" srcset="https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/webb-stsci-01jcgz71j2wy7vrn04ypbyb5x4-2k.png?w=320&format=webp 320w, https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/webb-stsci-01jcgz71j2wy7vrn04ypbyb5x4-2k.png?w=640&format=webp 640w, https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/webb-stsci-01jcgz71j2wy7vrn04ypbyb5x4-2k.png?w=768&format=webp 768w, https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/webb-stsci-01jcgz71j2wy7vrn04ypbyb5x4-2k.png?w=1024&format=webp 1024w, https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/webb-stsci-01jcgz71j2wy7vrn04ypbyb5x4-2k.png?w=1280&format=webp 1280w, https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/webb-stsci-01jcgz71j2wy7vrn04ypbyb5x4-2k.png?w=1536&format=webp 1536w, https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/webb-stsci-01jcgz71j2wy7vrn04ypbyb5x4-2k.png?w=2048&format=webp 2048w, https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/webb-stsci-01jcgz71j2wy7vrn04ypbyb5x4-2k.png?w=2560&format=webp 2560w, https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/webb-stsci-01jcgz71j2wy7vrn04ypbyb5x4-2k.png?w=3072&format=webp 3072w, https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/webb-stsci-01jcgz71j2wy7vrn04ypbyb5x4-2k.png?w=4096&format=webp 4096w"><img width="1024" height="343" alt="Image of a galaxy on the black background of space. The galaxy is a very oblong, blue disk that extends from left to right at an angle (from about 10 o’clock to 5 o’clock). The galaxy has a small bright core at the center. There is an inner disk that is clearer, with speckles of stars scattered throughout. The outer disk of the galaxy is whiteish-blue, and clumpy, like clouds in the sky. There are different colored dots, distant galaxies, speckled among the black background of space surrounding the galaxy." loading="lazy" decoding="async" onerror="this.setAttribute('data-error', 1)" style="transform:scale(1);transform-origin:50% 50%;object-position:50% 50%;object-fit:cover;" class="width-full" data-nuxt-pic src="https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/webb-stsci-01jcgz71j2wy7vrn04ypbyb5x4-2k.png?w=4096&format=png" sizes="(max-width: 640px) 320px, (max-width: 768px) 640px, (max-width: 1024px) 768px, (max-width: 1280px) 1024px, (max-width: 1536px) 1280px, 2048px" srcset="https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/webb-stsci-01jcgz71j2wy7vrn04ypbyb5x4-2k.png?w=320&format=png 320w, https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/webb-stsci-01jcgz71j2wy7vrn04ypbyb5x4-2k.png?w=640&format=png 640w, https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/webb-stsci-01jcgz71j2wy7vrn04ypbyb5x4-2k.png?w=768&format=png 768w, https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/webb-stsci-01jcgz71j2wy7vrn04ypbyb5x4-2k.png?w=1024&format=png 1024w, https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/webb-stsci-01jcgz71j2wy7vrn04ypbyb5x4-2k.png?w=1280&format=png 1280w, https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/webb-stsci-01jcgz71j2wy7vrn04ypbyb5x4-2k.png?w=1536&format=png 1536w, https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/webb-stsci-01jcgz71j2wy7vrn04ypbyb5x4-2k.png?w=2048&format=png 2048w, https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/webb-stsci-01jcgz71j2wy7vrn04ypbyb5x4-2k.png?w=2560&format=png 2560w, https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/webb-stsci-01jcgz71j2wy7vrn04ypbyb5x4-2k.png?w=3072&format=png 3072w, https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/webb-stsci-01jcgz71j2wy7vrn04ypbyb5x4-2k.png?w=4096&format=png 4096w"></picture></figure></div></a></div><div class="tablet:grid-col desktop:grid-col-5 grid-row latest-news-items"><a href="/missions/hubble/hubble-captures-an-edge-on-spiral-with-curve-appeal/" class="link-external-false maxw-full width-full latest-news-item news-item tablet:grid-col latest-news-item latest-news-item-1 news-item margin-bottom-2 tablet:margin-bottom-0 desktop:margin-bottom-0 padding-right-0"><div class="hds-cover-wrapper cover-hover-zoom bg-carbon-black"><div class="skrim-overlay skrim-overlay-dark skrim-left mobile-skrim-top padding-3 display-flex flex-column flex-align-start flex-justify-start z-200"><div class="display-flex flex-align-center label color-spacesuit-white margin-bottom-auto"><svg version="1.1" class="square-2 margin-right-1" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" x="0px" y="0px" width="16px" height="16px" viewBox="0 0 16 16" style="enable-background:new 0 0 16 16;" xml:space="preserve"><g><g><path d="M8,0C3.5,0-0.1,3.7,0,8.2C0.1,12.5,3.6,16,8,16c4.4,0,8-3.6,8-8C16,3.5,12.4,0,8,0z M8,15.2 C4,15.2,0.8,12,0.8,8C0.8,4,4,0.8,8,0.8c3.9,0,7.2,3.2,7.2,7.1C15.2,11.9,12,15.2,8,15.2z"></path><path d="M5.6,12c0.8-0.8,1.6-1.6,2.4-2.4c0.8,0.8,1.6,1.6,2.4,2.4c0-2.7,0-5.3,0-8C8.8,4,7.2,4,5.6,4 C5.6,6.7,5.6,9.3,5.6,12z"></path></g></g></svg><span>Article</span></div><div class="display-block maxw-tablet"><div class="label margin-bottom-1">2 min read</div><p class="heading-22 color-spacesuit-white margin-0"><span>Hubble Captures an Edge-On Spiral with Curve Appeal</span></p></div></div><figure class="hds-media-background z-100"><picture class="BaseMedia width-full"><source type="image/webp" sizes="(max-width: 640px) 320px, (max-width: 768px) 640px, (max-width: 1024px) 768px, (max-width: 1280px) 1024px, (max-width: 1536px) 1280px, 2048px" srcset="https://assets.science.nasa.gov/dynamicimage/assets/science/missions/hubble/galaxies/spiral/Hubble_UGC10043_potw2447a.jpg?w=320&format=webp&fit=clip&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 320w, https://assets.science.nasa.gov/dynamicimage/assets/science/missions/hubble/galaxies/spiral/Hubble_UGC10043_potw2447a.jpg?w=640&format=webp&fit=clip&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 640w, https://assets.science.nasa.gov/dynamicimage/assets/science/missions/hubble/galaxies/spiral/Hubble_UGC10043_potw2447a.jpg?w=768&format=webp&fit=clip&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 768w, https://assets.science.nasa.gov/dynamicimage/assets/science/missions/hubble/galaxies/spiral/Hubble_UGC10043_potw2447a.jpg?w=1024&format=webp&fit=clip&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 1024w, https://assets.science.nasa.gov/dynamicimage/assets/science/missions/hubble/galaxies/spiral/Hubble_UGC10043_potw2447a.jpg?w=1280&format=webp&fit=clip&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 1280w, https://assets.science.nasa.gov/dynamicimage/assets/science/missions/hubble/galaxies/spiral/Hubble_UGC10043_potw2447a.jpg?w=1536&format=webp&fit=clip&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 1536w, https://assets.science.nasa.gov/dynamicimage/assets/science/missions/hubble/galaxies/spiral/Hubble_UGC10043_potw2447a.jpg?w=2048&format=webp&fit=clip&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 2048w, https://assets.science.nasa.gov/dynamicimage/assets/science/missions/hubble/galaxies/spiral/Hubble_UGC10043_potw2447a.jpg?w=2560&format=webp&fit=clip&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 2560w, https://assets.science.nasa.gov/dynamicimage/assets/science/missions/hubble/galaxies/spiral/Hubble_UGC10043_potw2447a.jpg?w=3072&format=webp&fit=clip&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 3072w, https://assets.science.nasa.gov/dynamicimage/assets/science/missions/hubble/galaxies/spiral/Hubble_UGC10043_potw2447a.jpg?w=4096&format=webp&fit=clip&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 4096w"><img width="2419" height="2499" alt="A spiral galaxy seen directly from the side, such that its disk looks like a narrow diagonal band across the image. A band of dark dust covers the disk in the center most of the way out to the ends, and the disk glows around that. In the center of the galaxy, a whitish circle of light bulges out above and below the disk. Each end of the disk curves slightly. The background is black and mostly empty." loading="lazy" decoding="async" onerror="this.setAttribute('data-error', 1)" style="transform:scale(1);transform-origin:50% 50%;object-position:50% 50%;object-fit:cover;" class="width-full" data-nuxt-pic src="https://assets.science.nasa.gov/dynamicimage/assets/science/missions/hubble/galaxies/spiral/Hubble_UGC10043_potw2447a.jpg?w=4096&format=jpeg&fit=clip&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint" sizes="(max-width: 640px) 320px, (max-width: 768px) 640px, (max-width: 1024px) 768px, (max-width: 1280px) 1024px, (max-width: 1536px) 1280px, 2048px" srcset="https://assets.science.nasa.gov/dynamicimage/assets/science/missions/hubble/galaxies/spiral/Hubble_UGC10043_potw2447a.jpg?w=320&format=jpeg&fit=clip&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 320w, https://assets.science.nasa.gov/dynamicimage/assets/science/missions/hubble/galaxies/spiral/Hubble_UGC10043_potw2447a.jpg?w=640&format=jpeg&fit=clip&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 640w, https://assets.science.nasa.gov/dynamicimage/assets/science/missions/hubble/galaxies/spiral/Hubble_UGC10043_potw2447a.jpg?w=768&format=jpeg&fit=clip&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 768w, https://assets.science.nasa.gov/dynamicimage/assets/science/missions/hubble/galaxies/spiral/Hubble_UGC10043_potw2447a.jpg?w=1024&format=jpeg&fit=clip&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 1024w, https://assets.science.nasa.gov/dynamicimage/assets/science/missions/hubble/galaxies/spiral/Hubble_UGC10043_potw2447a.jpg?w=1280&format=jpeg&fit=clip&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 1280w, https://assets.science.nasa.gov/dynamicimage/assets/science/missions/hubble/galaxies/spiral/Hubble_UGC10043_potw2447a.jpg?w=1536&format=jpeg&fit=clip&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 1536w, https://assets.science.nasa.gov/dynamicimage/assets/science/missions/hubble/galaxies/spiral/Hubble_UGC10043_potw2447a.jpg?w=2048&format=jpeg&fit=clip&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 2048w, https://assets.science.nasa.gov/dynamicimage/assets/science/missions/hubble/galaxies/spiral/Hubble_UGC10043_potw2447a.jpg?w=2560&format=jpeg&fit=clip&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 2560w, https://assets.science.nasa.gov/dynamicimage/assets/science/missions/hubble/galaxies/spiral/Hubble_UGC10043_potw2447a.jpg?w=3072&format=jpeg&fit=clip&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 3072w, https://assets.science.nasa.gov/dynamicimage/assets/science/missions/hubble/galaxies/spiral/Hubble_UGC10043_potw2447a.jpg?w=4096&format=jpeg&fit=clip&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 4096w"></picture></figure></div></a></div></div><div class="grid-row padding-top-2 desktop:padding-top-5"><a href="/missions/hubble/hubble-takes-a-look-at-tangled-galaxies/" class="link-external-false maxw-full width-full mobile:grid-col-12 tablet:grid-col-12 desktop:grid-col padding-bottom-4 desktop:padding-bottom-0 padding-right-0 desktop:padding-right-2"><div class="display-flex"><div class="padding-right-3"><div class="hds-cover-wrapper cover-hover-zoom bg-carbon-black circle-10 minw-10 maxh-10 minh-10"><figure class="hds-media-background z-100"><picture class="BaseMedia width-full"><source type="image/webp" sizes="(max-width: 640px) 320px, (max-width: 768px) 640px, (max-width: 1024px) 768px, (max-width: 1280px) 1024px, (max-width: 1536px) 1280px, 2048px" srcset="https://assets.science.nasa.gov/dynamicimage/assets/science/missions/hubble/galaxies/interacting/Hubble_%20MCG+05-31-045_potw2446a.jpg?w=320&format=webp&fit=clip&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 320w, https://assets.science.nasa.gov/dynamicimage/assets/science/missions/hubble/galaxies/interacting/Hubble_%20MCG+05-31-045_potw2446a.jpg?w=640&format=webp&fit=clip&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 640w, https://assets.science.nasa.gov/dynamicimage/assets/science/missions/hubble/galaxies/interacting/Hubble_%20MCG+05-31-045_potw2446a.jpg?w=768&format=webp&fit=clip&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 768w, https://assets.science.nasa.gov/dynamicimage/assets/science/missions/hubble/galaxies/interacting/Hubble_%20MCG+05-31-045_potw2446a.jpg?w=1024&format=webp&fit=clip&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 1024w, https://assets.science.nasa.gov/dynamicimage/assets/science/missions/hubble/galaxies/interacting/Hubble_%20MCG+05-31-045_potw2446a.jpg?w=1280&format=webp&fit=clip&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 1280w, https://assets.science.nasa.gov/dynamicimage/assets/science/missions/hubble/galaxies/interacting/Hubble_%20MCG+05-31-045_potw2446a.jpg?w=1536&format=webp&fit=clip&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 1536w, https://assets.science.nasa.gov/dynamicimage/assets/science/missions/hubble/galaxies/interacting/Hubble_%20MCG+05-31-045_potw2446a.jpg?w=2048&format=webp&fit=clip&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 2048w, https://assets.science.nasa.gov/dynamicimage/assets/science/missions/hubble/galaxies/interacting/Hubble_%20MCG+05-31-045_potw2446a.jpg?w=2560&format=webp&fit=clip&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 2560w, https://assets.science.nasa.gov/dynamicimage/assets/science/missions/hubble/galaxies/interacting/Hubble_%20MCG+05-31-045_potw2446a.jpg?w=3072&format=webp&fit=clip&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 3072w, https://assets.science.nasa.gov/dynamicimage/assets/science/missions/hubble/galaxies/interacting/Hubble_%20MCG+05-31-045_potw2446a.jpg?w=4096&format=webp&fit=clip&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 4096w"><img width="1038" height="966" alt="In the center is a large, oval-shaped galaxy, with a shining, ringed core. Left of its center is a second, smaller galaxy with two spiral arms. The galaxy pair is so close that they appear to be merging: a tail of material with a few glowing spots connects from one of the smaller galaxy’s spiral arms to the larger galaxy. A faint halo surrounds both galaxies. Several stars are visible around the pair." loading="lazy" decoding="async" onerror="this.setAttribute('data-error', 1)" style="transform:scale(1);transform-origin:50% 50%;object-position:50% 50%;object-fit:cover;" class="width-full" data-nuxt-pic src="https://assets.science.nasa.gov/dynamicimage/assets/science/missions/hubble/galaxies/interacting/Hubble_%20MCG+05-31-045_potw2446a.jpg?w=4096&format=jpeg&fit=clip&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint" sizes="(max-width: 640px) 320px, (max-width: 768px) 640px, (max-width: 1024px) 768px, (max-width: 1280px) 1024px, (max-width: 1536px) 1280px, 2048px" srcset="https://assets.science.nasa.gov/dynamicimage/assets/science/missions/hubble/galaxies/interacting/Hubble_%20MCG+05-31-045_potw2446a.jpg?w=320&format=jpeg&fit=clip&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 320w, https://assets.science.nasa.gov/dynamicimage/assets/science/missions/hubble/galaxies/interacting/Hubble_%20MCG+05-31-045_potw2446a.jpg?w=640&format=jpeg&fit=clip&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 640w, https://assets.science.nasa.gov/dynamicimage/assets/science/missions/hubble/galaxies/interacting/Hubble_%20MCG+05-31-045_potw2446a.jpg?w=768&format=jpeg&fit=clip&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 768w, https://assets.science.nasa.gov/dynamicimage/assets/science/missions/hubble/galaxies/interacting/Hubble_%20MCG+05-31-045_potw2446a.jpg?w=1024&format=jpeg&fit=clip&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 1024w, https://assets.science.nasa.gov/dynamicimage/assets/science/missions/hubble/galaxies/interacting/Hubble_%20MCG+05-31-045_potw2446a.jpg?w=1280&format=jpeg&fit=clip&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 1280w, https://assets.science.nasa.gov/dynamicimage/assets/science/missions/hubble/galaxies/interacting/Hubble_%20MCG+05-31-045_potw2446a.jpg?w=1536&format=jpeg&fit=clip&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 1536w, https://assets.science.nasa.gov/dynamicimage/assets/science/missions/hubble/galaxies/interacting/Hubble_%20MCG+05-31-045_potw2446a.jpg?w=2048&format=jpeg&fit=clip&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 2048w, https://assets.science.nasa.gov/dynamicimage/assets/science/missions/hubble/galaxies/interacting/Hubble_%20MCG+05-31-045_potw2446a.jpg?w=2560&format=jpeg&fit=clip&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 2560w, https://assets.science.nasa.gov/dynamicimage/assets/science/missions/hubble/galaxies/interacting/Hubble_%20MCG+05-31-045_potw2446a.jpg?w=3072&format=jpeg&fit=clip&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 3072w, https://assets.science.nasa.gov/dynamicimage/assets/science/missions/hubble/galaxies/interacting/Hubble_%20MCG+05-31-045_potw2446a.jpg?w=4096&format=jpeg&fit=clip&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 4096w"></picture></figure></div></div><div><div class="label margin-bottom-1 color-carbon-black">2 min read</div><p class="heading-14 color-carbon-black line-height-md margin-top-1 margin-bottom-1">Hubble Takes a Look at Tangled Galaxies</p><div class="display-flex flex-align-center label color-carbon-60 margin-bottom-auto"><svg version="1.1" class="square-2 margin-right-1" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" x="0px" y="0px" width="16px" height="16px" viewBox="0 0 16 16" style="enable-background:new 0 0 16 16;" xml:space="preserve"><g><g><path d="M8,0C3.5,0-0.1,3.7,0,8.2C0.1,12.5,3.6,16,8,16c4.4,0,8-3.6,8-8C16,3.5,12.4,0,8,0z M8,15.2 C4,15.2,0.8,12,0.8,8C0.8,4,4,0.8,8,0.8c3.9,0,7.2,3.2,7.2,7.1C15.2,11.9,12,15.2,8,15.2z"></path><path d="M5.6,12c0.8-0.8,1.6-1.6,2.4-2.4c0.8,0.8,1.6,1.6,2.4,2.4c0-2.7,0-5.3,0-8C8.8,4,7.2,4,5.6,4 C5.6,6.7,5.6,9.3,5.6,12z"></path></g></g></svg><span>Article</span><span class="margin-left-2">2 weeks ago</span></div></div></div></a><a href="/missions/hubble/nasas-hubble-sees-aftermath-of-galaxys-scrape-with-milky-way/" class="link-external-false maxw-full width-full mobile:grid-col-12 tablet:grid-col-12 desktop:grid-col padding-bottom-4 desktop:padding-bottom-0 padding-right-0 desktop:padding-right-2"><div class="display-flex"><div class="padding-right-3"><div class="hds-cover-wrapper cover-hover-zoom bg-carbon-black circle-10 minw-10 maxh-10 minh-10"><figure class="hds-media-background z-100"><picture class="BaseMedia width-full"><source type="image/webp" sizes="(max-width: 640px) 320px, (max-width: 768px) 640px, (max-width: 1024px) 768px, (max-width: 1280px) 1024px, (max-width: 1536px) 1280px, 2048px" srcset="https://assets.science.nasa.gov/dynamicimage/assets/science/missions/hubble/galaxies/artist-concepts/Hubble_LMC_MilkyWay_STScI-01JBHBXHFBV227ZAZBSFR53WS9.jpg?w=320&format=webp&fit=clip&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 320w, https://assets.science.nasa.gov/dynamicimage/assets/science/missions/hubble/galaxies/artist-concepts/Hubble_LMC_MilkyWay_STScI-01JBHBXHFBV227ZAZBSFR53WS9.jpg?w=640&format=webp&fit=clip&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 640w, https://assets.science.nasa.gov/dynamicimage/assets/science/missions/hubble/galaxies/artist-concepts/Hubble_LMC_MilkyWay_STScI-01JBHBXHFBV227ZAZBSFR53WS9.jpg?w=768&format=webp&fit=clip&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 768w, https://assets.science.nasa.gov/dynamicimage/assets/science/missions/hubble/galaxies/artist-concepts/Hubble_LMC_MilkyWay_STScI-01JBHBXHFBV227ZAZBSFR53WS9.jpg?w=1024&format=webp&fit=clip&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 1024w, https://assets.science.nasa.gov/dynamicimage/assets/science/missions/hubble/galaxies/artist-concepts/Hubble_LMC_MilkyWay_STScI-01JBHBXHFBV227ZAZBSFR53WS9.jpg?w=1280&format=webp&fit=clip&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 1280w, https://assets.science.nasa.gov/dynamicimage/assets/science/missions/hubble/galaxies/artist-concepts/Hubble_LMC_MilkyWay_STScI-01JBHBXHFBV227ZAZBSFR53WS9.jpg?w=1536&format=webp&fit=clip&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 1536w, https://assets.science.nasa.gov/dynamicimage/assets/science/missions/hubble/galaxies/artist-concepts/Hubble_LMC_MilkyWay_STScI-01JBHBXHFBV227ZAZBSFR53WS9.jpg?w=2048&format=webp&fit=clip&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 2048w, https://assets.science.nasa.gov/dynamicimage/assets/science/missions/hubble/galaxies/artist-concepts/Hubble_LMC_MilkyWay_STScI-01JBHBXHFBV227ZAZBSFR53WS9.jpg?w=2560&format=webp&fit=clip&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 2560w, https://assets.science.nasa.gov/dynamicimage/assets/science/missions/hubble/galaxies/artist-concepts/Hubble_LMC_MilkyWay_STScI-01JBHBXHFBV227ZAZBSFR53WS9.jpg?w=3072&format=webp&fit=clip&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 3072w, https://assets.science.nasa.gov/dynamicimage/assets/science/missions/hubble/galaxies/artist-concepts/Hubble_LMC_MilkyWay_STScI-01JBHBXHFBV227ZAZBSFR53WS9.jpg?w=4096&format=webp&fit=clip&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 4096w"><img width="3840" height="2160" alt="A whitish, whirlpool-like galaxy at middle of top edge, and a tadpole-shaped structure sweeps from left to right across lower half. A label pointing to outer, left of galaxy reads “Earth.” Faint, purple haze labeled “Milky Way Halo” surrounds galaxy and stretches to graphic’s edges. The tadpole-shaped object is the Large Magellanic Cloud, or LMC, with its own halo and streaming tail. Semi-circular, progressively darker layers of purple labeled “LMC Halo” surround the LMC, which appears roughly circular, with a central, light-yellow bar. Cloud-like features sprinkled with white specks surround this bar. Trailing the LMC is a large, tail-like feature labeled “Stream.” At the bottom left corner of graphic are several small, bright points of light labeled “Quasars.” Three light blue lines point from the label “Earth” through the LMC’s halo, and to three corresponding quasars. At the bottom, right corner is the label “Artist’s Concept.”" loading="lazy" decoding="async" onerror="this.setAttribute('data-error', 1)" style="transform:scale(1);transform-origin:50% 50%;object-position:50% 50%;object-fit:cover;" class="width-full" data-nuxt-pic src="https://assets.science.nasa.gov/dynamicimage/assets/science/missions/hubble/galaxies/artist-concepts/Hubble_LMC_MilkyWay_STScI-01JBHBXHFBV227ZAZBSFR53WS9.jpg?w=4096&format=jpeg&fit=clip&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint" sizes="(max-width: 640px) 320px, (max-width: 768px) 640px, (max-width: 1024px) 768px, (max-width: 1280px) 1024px, (max-width: 1536px) 1280px, 2048px" srcset="https://assets.science.nasa.gov/dynamicimage/assets/science/missions/hubble/galaxies/artist-concepts/Hubble_LMC_MilkyWay_STScI-01JBHBXHFBV227ZAZBSFR53WS9.jpg?w=320&format=jpeg&fit=clip&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 320w, https://assets.science.nasa.gov/dynamicimage/assets/science/missions/hubble/galaxies/artist-concepts/Hubble_LMC_MilkyWay_STScI-01JBHBXHFBV227ZAZBSFR53WS9.jpg?w=640&format=jpeg&fit=clip&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 640w, https://assets.science.nasa.gov/dynamicimage/assets/science/missions/hubble/galaxies/artist-concepts/Hubble_LMC_MilkyWay_STScI-01JBHBXHFBV227ZAZBSFR53WS9.jpg?w=768&format=jpeg&fit=clip&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 768w, https://assets.science.nasa.gov/dynamicimage/assets/science/missions/hubble/galaxies/artist-concepts/Hubble_LMC_MilkyWay_STScI-01JBHBXHFBV227ZAZBSFR53WS9.jpg?w=1024&format=jpeg&fit=clip&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 1024w, https://assets.science.nasa.gov/dynamicimage/assets/science/missions/hubble/galaxies/artist-concepts/Hubble_LMC_MilkyWay_STScI-01JBHBXHFBV227ZAZBSFR53WS9.jpg?w=1280&format=jpeg&fit=clip&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 1280w, https://assets.science.nasa.gov/dynamicimage/assets/science/missions/hubble/galaxies/artist-concepts/Hubble_LMC_MilkyWay_STScI-01JBHBXHFBV227ZAZBSFR53WS9.jpg?w=1536&format=jpeg&fit=clip&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 1536w, https://assets.science.nasa.gov/dynamicimage/assets/science/missions/hubble/galaxies/artist-concepts/Hubble_LMC_MilkyWay_STScI-01JBHBXHFBV227ZAZBSFR53WS9.jpg?w=2048&format=jpeg&fit=clip&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 2048w, https://assets.science.nasa.gov/dynamicimage/assets/science/missions/hubble/galaxies/artist-concepts/Hubble_LMC_MilkyWay_STScI-01JBHBXHFBV227ZAZBSFR53WS9.jpg?w=2560&format=jpeg&fit=clip&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 2560w, https://assets.science.nasa.gov/dynamicimage/assets/science/missions/hubble/galaxies/artist-concepts/Hubble_LMC_MilkyWay_STScI-01JBHBXHFBV227ZAZBSFR53WS9.jpg?w=3072&format=jpeg&fit=clip&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 3072w, https://assets.science.nasa.gov/dynamicimage/assets/science/missions/hubble/galaxies/artist-concepts/Hubble_LMC_MilkyWay_STScI-01JBHBXHFBV227ZAZBSFR53WS9.jpg?w=4096&format=jpeg&fit=clip&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 4096w"></picture></figure></div></div><div><div class="label margin-bottom-1 color-carbon-black">5 min read</div><p class="heading-14 color-carbon-black line-height-md margin-top-1 margin-bottom-1">NASA’s Hubble Sees Aftermath of Galaxy’s Scrape with Milky Way</p><div class="display-flex flex-align-center label color-carbon-60 margin-bottom-auto"><svg version="1.1" class="square-2 margin-right-1" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" x="0px" y="0px" width="16px" height="16px" viewBox="0 0 16 16" style="enable-background:new 0 0 16 16;" xml:space="preserve"><g><g><path d="M8,0C3.5,0-0.1,3.7,0,8.2C0.1,12.5,3.6,16,8,16c4.4,0,8-3.6,8-8C16,3.5,12.4,0,8,0z M8,15.2 C4,15.2,0.8,12,0.8,8C0.8,4,4,0.8,8,0.8c3.9,0,7.2,3.2,7.2,7.1C15.2,11.9,12,15.2,8,15.2z"></path><path d="M5.6,12c0.8-0.8,1.6-1.6,2.4-2.4c0.8,0.8,1.6,1.6,2.4,2.4c0-2.7,0-5.3,0-8C8.8,4,7.2,4,5.6,4 C5.6,6.7,5.6,9.3,5.6,12z"></path></g></g></svg><span>Article</span><span class="margin-left-2">2 weeks ago</span></div></div></div></a><a href="https://www.nasa.gov/image-article/hubble-captures-a-galaxy-with-many-lights/" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_self" class="link-external-false maxw-full width-full mobile:grid-col-12 tablet:grid-col-12 desktop:grid-col padding-bottom-4 desktop:padding-bottom-0 padding-right-0 desktop:padding-right-2"><div class="display-flex"><div class="padding-right-3"><div class="hds-cover-wrapper cover-hover-zoom bg-carbon-black circle-10 minw-10 maxh-10 minh-10"><figure class="hds-media-background z-100"><picture class="BaseMedia width-full"><source type="image/webp" sizes="(max-width: 640px) 320px, (max-width: 768px) 640px, (max-width: 1024px) 768px, (max-width: 1280px) 1024px, (max-width: 1536px) 1280px, 2048px" srcset="https://www.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/potw2445a.jpg?w=320&format=webp 320w, https://www.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/potw2445a.jpg?w=640&format=webp 640w, https://www.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/potw2445a.jpg?w=768&format=webp 768w, https://www.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/potw2445a.jpg?w=1024&format=webp 1024w, https://www.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/potw2445a.jpg?w=1280&format=webp 1280w, https://www.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/potw2445a.jpg?w=1536&format=webp 1536w, https://www.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/potw2445a.jpg?w=2048&format=webp 2048w, https://www.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/potw2445a.jpg?w=2560&format=webp 2560w, https://www.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/potw2445a.jpg?w=3072&format=webp 3072w, https://www.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/potw2445a.jpg?w=4096&format=webp 4096w"><img alt loading="lazy" decoding="async" onerror="this.setAttribute('data-error', 1)" style="transform:scale(1);transform-origin:50% 50%;object-position:50% 50%;object-fit:cover;" class="width-full" data-nuxt-pic src="https://www.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/potw2445a.jpg?w=4096&format=jpeg" sizes="(max-width: 640px) 320px, (max-width: 768px) 640px, (max-width: 1024px) 768px, (max-width: 1280px) 1024px, (max-width: 1536px) 1280px, 2048px" srcset="https://www.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/potw2445a.jpg?w=320&format=jpeg 320w, https://www.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/potw2445a.jpg?w=640&format=jpeg 640w, https://www.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/potw2445a.jpg?w=768&format=jpeg 768w, https://www.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/potw2445a.jpg?w=1024&format=jpeg 1024w, https://www.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/potw2445a.jpg?w=1280&format=jpeg 1280w, https://www.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/potw2445a.jpg?w=1536&format=jpeg 1536w, https://www.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/potw2445a.jpg?w=2048&format=jpeg 2048w, https://www.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/potw2445a.jpg?w=2560&format=jpeg 2560w, https://www.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/potw2445a.jpg?w=3072&format=jpeg 3072w, https://www.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/potw2445a.jpg?w=4096&format=jpeg 4096w"></picture></figure></div></div><div><div class="label margin-bottom-1 color-carbon-black">1 min read</div><p class="heading-14 color-carbon-black line-height-md margin-top-1 margin-bottom-1">Hubble Captures a Galaxy with Many Lights</p><div class="display-flex flex-align-center label color-carbon-60 margin-bottom-auto"><svg version="1.1" class="square-2 margin-right-1" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" x="0px" y="0px" width="16px" height="16px" viewBox="0 0 16 16" style="enable-background:new 0 0 16 16;" xml:space="preserve"><g><g><path d="M8,0C3.5,0-0.1,3.7,0,8.2C0.1,12.5,3.6,16,8,16c4.4,0,8-3.6,8-8C16,3.5,12.4,0,8,0z M8,15.2 C4,15.2,0.8,12,0.8,8C0.8,4,4,0.8,8,0.8c3.9,0,7.2,3.2,7.2,7.1C15.2,11.9,12,15.2,8,15.2z"></path><path d="M5.6,12c0.8-0.8,1.6-1.6,2.4-2.4c0.8,0.8,1.6,1.6,2.4,2.4c0-2.7,0-5.3,0-8C8.8,4,7.2,4,5.6,4 C5.6,6.7,5.6,9.3,5.6,12z"></path></g></g></svg><span>Image Article</span></div></div></div></a></div></div></div></div></div></div><div class="GutenbergBlocks hds-module"><div class="BlockLayout margin-full-bleed"><div class="BlockWrapper hds-module nasa-gb-align-full maxw-full width-full padding-y-6 padding-x-3 color-mode-dark wp-block-nasa-blocks-topic-cards NasaBlocksTopicCardsBlock"><div class="grid-container grid-container-block-lg padding-x-0"><div class="grid-row flex-align-center margin-bottom-3"><div class="desktop:grid-col-8 margin-bottom-2 desktop:margin-bottom-0"><div class="label color-carbon-60 margin-bottom-2">Keep Exploring</div><h2 class="heading-36 line-height-sm margin-0">Discover More Topics From NASA</h2></div></div><div class="swiper grid-row grid-gap-2"><div class="swiper-wrapper"><div class="swiper-slide topic-card-slide mobile:grid-col-12 tablet:grid-col-6 desktop:grid-col-3 topic-card margin-bottom-4 desktop:margin-bottom-0"><a href="/universe/" class="link-external-false"><div class="hds-topic-card hds-cover-wrapper cover-hover-zoom bg-carbon-black"><div class="skrim-overlay skrim-overlay-dark skrim-left mobile-skrim-top padding-3 display-flex flex-align-end flex-justify-start z-200"><div><p class="hds-topic-card-heading heading-29 color-spacesuit-white line-height-sm margin-top-0 margin-bottom-1"><span>Universe</span><svg viewBox="0 0 32 32" fill="none" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><circle class="color-nasa-red" cx="16" cy="16" r="16"></circle><path d="M8 16.956h12.604l-3.844 4.106 1.252 1.338L24 16l-5.988-6.4-1.252 1.338 3.844 4.106H8v1.912z" class="color-spacesuit-white"></path></svg></p></div></div><figure class="hds-media-background"><picture class="BaseMedia width-full"><source type="image/webp" sizes="(max-width: 640px) 320px, (max-width: 768px) 640px, (max-width: 1024px) 768px, (max-width: 1280px) 1024px, (max-width: 1536px) 1280px, 2048px" srcset="https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/ngc5068-1-flat-final.jpg?w=320&format=webp 320w, https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/ngc5068-1-flat-final.jpg?w=640&format=webp 640w, https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/ngc5068-1-flat-final.jpg?w=768&format=webp 768w, https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/ngc5068-1-flat-final.jpg?w=1024&format=webp 1024w, https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/ngc5068-1-flat-final.jpg?w=1280&format=webp 1280w, https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/ngc5068-1-flat-final.jpg?w=1536&format=webp 1536w, https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/ngc5068-1-flat-final.jpg?w=2048&format=webp 2048w, https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/ngc5068-1-flat-final.jpg?w=2560&format=webp 2560w, https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/ngc5068-1-flat-final.jpg?w=3072&format=webp 3072w, https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/ngc5068-1-flat-final.jpg?w=4096&format=webp 4096w"><img width="1024" height="1009" alt="Splotches of bright-pink and blue-white fill the lower half of the image. A bright bar of white stars extends downward from top-center toward the left. Random areas of dusty clouds form dark streams against the bright backdrop." loading="lazy" decoding="async" onerror="this.setAttribute('data-error', 1)" style="transform:scale(1);transform-origin:50% 50%;object-position:50% 50%;object-fit:cover;" class="width-full" data-nuxt-pic src="https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/ngc5068-1-flat-final.jpg?w=4096&format=jpeg" sizes="(max-width: 640px) 320px, (max-width: 768px) 640px, (max-width: 1024px) 768px, (max-width: 1280px) 1024px, (max-width: 1536px) 1280px, 2048px" srcset="https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/ngc5068-1-flat-final.jpg?w=320&format=jpeg 320w, https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/ngc5068-1-flat-final.jpg?w=640&format=jpeg 640w, https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/ngc5068-1-flat-final.jpg?w=768&format=jpeg 768w, https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/ngc5068-1-flat-final.jpg?w=1024&format=jpeg 1024w, https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/ngc5068-1-flat-final.jpg?w=1280&format=jpeg 1280w, https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/ngc5068-1-flat-final.jpg?w=1536&format=jpeg 1536w, https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/ngc5068-1-flat-final.jpg?w=2048&format=jpeg 2048w, https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/ngc5068-1-flat-final.jpg?w=2560&format=jpeg 2560w, https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/ngc5068-1-flat-final.jpg?w=3072&format=jpeg 3072w, https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/ngc5068-1-flat-final.jpg?w=4096&format=jpeg 4096w"></picture></figure></div></a></div><div class="swiper-slide topic-card-slide mobile:grid-col-12 tablet:grid-col-6 desktop:grid-col-3 topic-card margin-bottom-4 desktop:margin-bottom-0"><a href="/universe/black-holes/" class="link-external-false"><div class="hds-topic-card hds-cover-wrapper cover-hover-zoom bg-carbon-black"><div class="skrim-overlay skrim-overlay-dark skrim-left mobile-skrim-top padding-3 display-flex flex-align-end flex-justify-start z-200"><div><p class="hds-topic-card-heading heading-29 color-spacesuit-white line-height-sm margin-top-0 margin-bottom-1"><span>Black Holes</span><svg viewBox="0 0 32 32" fill="none" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><circle class="color-nasa-red" cx="16" cy="16" r="16"></circle><path d="M8 16.956h12.604l-3.844 4.106 1.252 1.338L24 16l-5.988-6.4-1.252 1.338 3.844 4.106H8v1.912z" class="color-spacesuit-white"></path></svg></p></div></div><figure class="hds-media-background"><picture class="BaseMedia width-full"><source type="image/webp" sizes="(max-width: 640px) 320px, (max-width: 768px) 640px, (max-width: 1024px) 768px, (max-width: 1280px) 1024px, (max-width: 1536px) 1280px, 2048px" srcset="https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/blackhole-binary-mainsequence-jpg.webp?w=320&format=webp 320w, https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/blackhole-binary-mainsequence-jpg.webp?w=640&format=webp 640w, https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/blackhole-binary-mainsequence-jpg.webp?w=768&format=webp 768w, https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/blackhole-binary-mainsequence-jpg.webp?w=1024&format=webp 1024w, https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/blackhole-binary-mainsequence-jpg.webp?w=1280&format=webp 1280w, https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/blackhole-binary-mainsequence-jpg.webp?w=1536&format=webp 1536w, https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/blackhole-binary-mainsequence-jpg.webp?w=2048&format=webp 2048w, https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/blackhole-binary-mainsequence-jpg.webp?w=2560&format=webp 2560w, https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/blackhole-binary-mainsequence-jpg.webp?w=3072&format=webp 3072w, https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/blackhole-binary-mainsequence-jpg.webp?w=4096&format=webp 4096w"><img width="1024" height="1024" alt loading="lazy" decoding="async" onerror="this.setAttribute('data-error', 1)" style="transform:scale(1);transform-origin:50% 50%;object-position:50% 50%;object-fit:cover;" class="width-full" data-nuxt-pic src="https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/blackhole-binary-mainsequence-jpg.webp?w=4096&format=png" sizes="(max-width: 640px) 320px, (max-width: 768px) 640px, (max-width: 1024px) 768px, (max-width: 1280px) 1024px, (max-width: 1536px) 1280px, 2048px" srcset="https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/blackhole-binary-mainsequence-jpg.webp?w=320&format=png 320w, https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/blackhole-binary-mainsequence-jpg.webp?w=640&format=png 640w, https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/blackhole-binary-mainsequence-jpg.webp?w=768&format=png 768w, https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/blackhole-binary-mainsequence-jpg.webp?w=1024&format=png 1024w, https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/blackhole-binary-mainsequence-jpg.webp?w=1280&format=png 1280w, https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/blackhole-binary-mainsequence-jpg.webp?w=1536&format=png 1536w, https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/blackhole-binary-mainsequence-jpg.webp?w=2048&format=png 2048w, https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/blackhole-binary-mainsequence-jpg.webp?w=2560&format=png 2560w, https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/blackhole-binary-mainsequence-jpg.webp?w=3072&format=png 3072w, https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/blackhole-binary-mainsequence-jpg.webp?w=4096&format=png 4096w"></picture></figure></div></a></div><div class="swiper-slide topic-card-slide mobile:grid-col-12 tablet:grid-col-6 desktop:grid-col-3 topic-card margin-bottom-4 desktop:margin-bottom-0"><a href="/universe/stars/" class="link-external-false"><div class="hds-topic-card hds-cover-wrapper cover-hover-zoom bg-carbon-black"><div class="skrim-overlay skrim-overlay-dark skrim-left mobile-skrim-top padding-3 display-flex flex-align-end flex-justify-start z-200"><div><p class="hds-topic-card-heading heading-29 color-spacesuit-white line-height-sm margin-top-0 margin-bottom-1"><span>Stars</span><svg viewBox="0 0 32 32" fill="none" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><circle class="color-nasa-red" cx="16" cy="16" r="16"></circle><path d="M8 16.956h12.604l-3.844 4.106 1.252 1.338L24 16l-5.988-6.4-1.252 1.338 3.844 4.106H8v1.912z" class="color-spacesuit-white"></path></svg></p></div></div><figure class="hds-media-background"><picture class="BaseMedia width-full"><source type="image/webp" sizes="(max-width: 640px) 320px, (max-width: 768px) 640px, (max-width: 1024px) 768px, (max-width: 1280px) 1024px, (max-width: 1536px) 1280px, 2048px" srcset="https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/may102022-x1pt5flare-171-131-304-jpg.webp?w=320&format=webp 320w, https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/may102022-x1pt5flare-171-131-304-jpg.webp?w=640&format=webp 640w, https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/may102022-x1pt5flare-171-131-304-jpg.webp?w=768&format=webp 768w, https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/may102022-x1pt5flare-171-131-304-jpg.webp?w=1024&format=webp 1024w, https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/may102022-x1pt5flare-171-131-304-jpg.webp?w=1280&format=webp 1280w, https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/may102022-x1pt5flare-171-131-304-jpg.webp?w=1536&format=webp 1536w, https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/may102022-x1pt5flare-171-131-304-jpg.webp?w=2048&format=webp 2048w, https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/may102022-x1pt5flare-171-131-304-jpg.webp?w=2560&format=webp 2560w, https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/may102022-x1pt5flare-171-131-304-jpg.webp?w=3072&format=webp 3072w, https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/may102022-x1pt5flare-171-131-304-jpg.webp?w=4096&format=webp 4096w"><img width="1024" height="576" alt loading="lazy" decoding="async" onerror="this.setAttribute('data-error', 1)" style="transform:scale(1);transform-origin:50% 50%;object-position:50% 50%;object-fit:cover;" class="width-full" data-nuxt-pic src="https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/may102022-x1pt5flare-171-131-304-jpg.webp?w=4096&format=png" sizes="(max-width: 640px) 320px, (max-width: 768px) 640px, (max-width: 1024px) 768px, (max-width: 1280px) 1024px, (max-width: 1536px) 1280px, 2048px" srcset="https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/may102022-x1pt5flare-171-131-304-jpg.webp?w=320&format=png 320w, https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/may102022-x1pt5flare-171-131-304-jpg.webp?w=640&format=png 640w, https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/may102022-x1pt5flare-171-131-304-jpg.webp?w=768&format=png 768w, https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/may102022-x1pt5flare-171-131-304-jpg.webp?w=1024&format=png 1024w, https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/may102022-x1pt5flare-171-131-304-jpg.webp?w=1280&format=png 1280w, https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/may102022-x1pt5flare-171-131-304-jpg.webp?w=1536&format=png 1536w, https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/may102022-x1pt5flare-171-131-304-jpg.webp?w=2048&format=png 2048w, https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/may102022-x1pt5flare-171-131-304-jpg.webp?w=2560&format=png 2560w, https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/may102022-x1pt5flare-171-131-304-jpg.webp?w=3072&format=png 3072w, https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/may102022-x1pt5flare-171-131-304-jpg.webp?w=4096&format=png 4096w"></picture></figure></div></a></div><div class="swiper-slide topic-card-slide mobile:grid-col-12 tablet:grid-col-6 desktop:grid-col-3 topic-card margin-bottom-4 desktop:margin-bottom-0"><a href="/exoplanets/" class="link-external-false"><div class="hds-topic-card hds-cover-wrapper cover-hover-zoom bg-carbon-black"><div class="skrim-overlay skrim-overlay-dark skrim-left mobile-skrim-top padding-3 display-flex flex-align-end flex-justify-start z-200"><div><p class="hds-topic-card-heading heading-29 color-spacesuit-white line-height-sm margin-top-0 margin-bottom-1"><span>Exoplanets</span><svg viewBox="0 0 32 32" fill="none" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><circle class="color-nasa-red" cx="16" cy="16" r="16"></circle><path d="M8 16.956h12.604l-3.844 4.106 1.252 1.338L24 16l-5.988-6.4-1.252 1.338 3.844 4.106H8v1.912z" class="color-spacesuit-white"></path></svg></p></div></div><figure class="hds-media-background"><picture class="BaseMedia width-full"><source type="image/webp" sizes="(max-width: 640px) 320px, (max-width: 768px) 640px, (max-width: 1024px) 768px, (max-width: 1280px) 1024px, (max-width: 1536px) 1280px, 2048px" srcset="https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/lp79118d-beautyshot-jpg.webp?w=320&format=webp 320w, https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/lp79118d-beautyshot-jpg.webp?w=640&format=webp 640w, https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/lp79118d-beautyshot-jpg.webp?w=768&format=webp 768w, https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/lp79118d-beautyshot-jpg.webp?w=1024&format=webp 1024w, https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/lp79118d-beautyshot-jpg.webp?w=1280&format=webp 1280w, https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/lp79118d-beautyshot-jpg.webp?w=1536&format=webp 1536w, https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/lp79118d-beautyshot-jpg.webp?w=2048&format=webp 2048w, https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/lp79118d-beautyshot-jpg.webp?w=2560&format=webp 2560w, https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/lp79118d-beautyshot-jpg.webp?w=3072&format=webp 3072w, https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/lp79118d-beautyshot-jpg.webp?w=4096&format=webp 4096w"><img width="1024" height="576" alt loading="lazy" decoding="async" onerror="this.setAttribute('data-error', 1)" style="transform:scale(1);transform-origin:50% 50%;object-position:50% 50%;object-fit:cover;" class="width-full" data-nuxt-pic src="https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/lp79118d-beautyshot-jpg.webp?w=4096&format=png" sizes="(max-width: 640px) 320px, (max-width: 768px) 640px, (max-width: 1024px) 768px, (max-width: 1280px) 1024px, (max-width: 1536px) 1280px, 2048px" srcset="https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/lp79118d-beautyshot-jpg.webp?w=320&format=png 320w, https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/lp79118d-beautyshot-jpg.webp?w=640&format=png 640w, https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/lp79118d-beautyshot-jpg.webp?w=768&format=png 768w, https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/lp79118d-beautyshot-jpg.webp?w=1024&format=png 1024w, https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/lp79118d-beautyshot-jpg.webp?w=1280&format=png 1280w, https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/lp79118d-beautyshot-jpg.webp?w=1536&format=png 1536w, https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/lp79118d-beautyshot-jpg.webp?w=2048&format=png 2048w, https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/lp79118d-beautyshot-jpg.webp?w=2560&format=png 2560w, https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/lp79118d-beautyshot-jpg.webp?w=3072&format=png 3072w, https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/lp79118d-beautyshot-jpg.webp?w=4096&format=png 4096w"></picture></figure></div></a></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></main></div><div class="NasaFooter" data-v-21bfe27b><footer class="usa-footer bg-carbon-black-important padding-x-3 padding-y-7" data-v-21bfe27b><div class="grid-container maxw-widescreen usa-footer__return-to-top display-none" data-v-21bfe27b><a href="#top" data-v-21bfe27b>Return to top</a></div><div class="usa-footer__primary-section bg-carbon-black-important" data-v-21bfe27b><div class="grid-container grid-container-widescreen padding-x-0" data-v-21bfe27b><img fetchpriority="low" width="63.99" height="53.94" class="width-8 margin-bottom-2" alt="NASA Logo" src="/_nuxt/nasa-logo_2x.C0A3w2m0.png" srcset="/_nuxt/nasa-logo.CFKB7Wqh.svg" data-v-21bfe27b></div><div class="grid-container grid-container-widescreen" data-v-21bfe27b><div class="grid-row" data-v-21bfe27b><div class="grid-col-12 tablet:grid-col-6 desktop:grid-col-4 padding-right-0 tablet:padding-right-2 margin-bottom-5 desktop:margin-bottom-0 color-spacesuit-white" data-v-21bfe27b><div class="hds-footer-details" data-v-21bfe27b><h2 class="heading-22 line-height-md" data-v-21bfe27b>National Aeronautics and Space Administration</h2><p class="p-sm color-carbon-30" data-v-21bfe27b>NASA explores the unknown in air and space, innovates for the benefit of humanity, and inspires the world through discovery.</p><ul class="hds-footer-menu usa-unstyled-list" data-v-21bfe27b><li data-v-21bfe27b><a href="https://www.nasa.gov/about/" data-v-21bfe27b><span data-v-21bfe27b>About NASA's Mission</span></a></li></ul><a href="https://www.nasa.gov/get-involved/" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_self" class="link-external-false BaseButton button-primary link-external-0 display-inline-block button-primary-sm color-spacesuit-white-important" aria-label="Join us: Learn how to get involved with NASA" data-v-21bfe27b><span class="display-flex flex-row flex-align-center width-auto"><span class="line-height-alt-1 width-auto" style="white-space:pre-wrap;min-width:1px;"><span data-v-21bfe27b>Join Us</span></span><svg viewBox="0 0 34 32" fill="none" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><circle class="button-primary-circle" cx="16" cy="16" r="16"></circle><path d="M8 16.956h12.604l-3.844 4.106 1.252 1.338L24 16l-5.988-6.4-1.252 1.338 3.844 4.106H8v1.912z" class="color-spacesuit-white"></path></svg></span></a></div></div><div class="grid-col-12 tablet:grid-col-6 desktop:grid-col-6 margin-bottom-5 desktop:margin-bottom-0 padding-0" data-v-21bfe27b><div class="desktop:padding-left-5 desktop:padding-right-5 grid-row color-spacesuit-white" data-v-21bfe27b><div class="grid-col" data-v-21bfe27b><ul class="hds-footer-menu hds-menu-col-3 usa-unstyled-list" data-v-21bfe27b><li data-v-21bfe27b><a href="https://www.nasa.gov/" class="display-flex desktop:flex-row flex-align-center" data-v-21bfe27b><span data-v-21bfe27b>Home</span></a></li><li data-v-21bfe27b><a href="https://www.nasa.gov/news/" class="display-flex desktop:flex-row flex-align-center" data-v-21bfe27b><span data-v-21bfe27b>News & Events</span></a></li><li data-v-21bfe27b><a href="https://www.nasa.gov/multimedia/" class="display-flex desktop:flex-row flex-align-center" data-v-21bfe27b><span data-v-21bfe27b>Multimedia</span></a></li><li data-v-21bfe27b><a href="https://plus.nasa.gov/" class="usa-nav__link-nasa-live display-flex desktop:flex-row flex-align-center" data-v-21bfe27b><span data-v-21bfe27b>NASA+</span></a></li><li data-v-21bfe27b><a href="https://www.nasa.gov/nasa-missions/" class="display-flex desktop:flex-row flex-align-center" data-v-21bfe27b><span data-v-21bfe27b>Missions</span></a></li><li data-v-21bfe27b><a href="https://www.nasa.gov/humans-in-space/" class="display-flex desktop:flex-row flex-align-center" data-v-21bfe27b><span data-v-21bfe27b>Humans in Space</span></a></li><li data-v-21bfe27b><a href="https://science.nasa.gov/earth/" class="display-flex desktop:flex-row flex-align-center" data-v-21bfe27b><span data-v-21bfe27b>Earth & Climate</span></a></li><li data-v-21bfe27b><a href="https://science.nasa.gov/solar-system/" class="display-flex desktop:flex-row flex-align-center" data-v-21bfe27b><span data-v-21bfe27b>The Solar System</span></a></li><li data-v-21bfe27b><a href="https://science.nasa.gov/universe/" class="display-flex desktop:flex-row flex-align-center" data-v-21bfe27b><span data-v-21bfe27b>The Universe</span></a></li><li data-v-21bfe27b><a href="https://science.nasa.gov/" class="display-flex desktop:flex-row flex-align-center" data-v-21bfe27b><span data-v-21bfe27b>Science</span></a></li><li data-v-21bfe27b><a href="https://www.nasa.gov/aeronautics/" class="display-flex desktop:flex-row flex-align-center" data-v-21bfe27b><span data-v-21bfe27b>Aeronautics</span></a></li><li data-v-21bfe27b><a href="https://www.nasa.gov/technology/" class="display-flex desktop:flex-row flex-align-center" data-v-21bfe27b><span data-v-21bfe27b>Technology</span></a></li><li data-v-21bfe27b><a href="https://www.nasa.gov/learning-resources/" class="display-flex desktop:flex-row flex-align-center" data-v-21bfe27b><span data-v-21bfe27b>Learning Resources</span></a></li><li data-v-21bfe27b><a href="https://www.nasa.gov/about/" class="display-flex desktop:flex-row flex-align-center" data-v-21bfe27b><span data-v-21bfe27b>About NASA</span></a></li><li data-v-21bfe27b><a href="https://www.nasa.gov/es/" class="display-flex desktop:flex-row flex-align-center" data-v-21bfe27b><span data-v-21bfe27b>NASA en Español</span></a></li></ul></div></div></div><div class="grid-col-12 tablet:grid-col-4 desktop:grid-col-2 color-spacesuit-white margin-bottom-5 tablet:margin-bottom-0 padding-right-5 desktop:padding-right-0" data-v-21bfe27b><div class="width-fit-content margin-left-0 desktop:margin-left-auto" data-v-21bfe27b><div class="hds-footer-socials margin-bottom-2" data-v-21bfe27b><h3 class="heading-16 color-carbon-40 margin-bottom-2" data-v-21bfe27b>Follow NASA</h3><ul class="social-icons margin-bottom-3" data-v-21bfe27b><li data-v-21bfe27b><a href="https://www.facebook.com/NASA" aria-label="NASA on Facebook" target="_blank" data-v-21bfe27b><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" aria-hidden="true" role="img" class="icon" data-v-21bfe27b style="" width="1em" height="1em" viewBox="0 0 24 24" data-v-f0820886><path fill="currentColor" d="M15.12 5.32H17V2.14A26 26 0 0 0 14.26 2c-2.72 0-4.58 1.66-4.58 4.7v2.62H6.61v3.56h3.07V22h3.68v-9.12h3.06l.46-3.56h-3.52V7.05c0-1.05.28-1.73 1.76-1.73"/></svg></a></li><li data-v-21bfe27b><a href="https://www.instagram.com/nasa/" aria-label="NASA on Instagram" target="_blank" data-v-21bfe27b><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" aria-hidden="true" role="img" class="icon" data-v-21bfe27b style="" width="1em" height="1em" viewBox="0 0 448 512" data-v-f0820886><path fill="currentColor" d="M224.1 141c-63.6 0-114.9 51.3-114.9 114.9s51.3 114.9 114.9 114.9S339 319.5 339 255.9S287.7 141 224.1 141m0 189.6c-41.1 0-74.7-33.5-74.7-74.7s33.5-74.7 74.7-74.7s74.7 33.5 74.7 74.7s-33.6 74.7-74.7 74.7m146.4-194.3c0 14.9-12 26.8-26.8 26.8c-14.9 0-26.8-12-26.8-26.8s12-26.8 26.8-26.8s26.8 12 26.8 26.8m76.1 27.2c-1.7-35.9-9.9-67.7-36.2-93.9c-26.2-26.2-58-34.4-93.9-36.2c-37-2.1-147.9-2.1-184.9 0c-35.8 1.7-67.6 9.9-93.9 36.1s-34.4 58-36.2 93.9c-2.1 37-2.1 147.9 0 184.9c1.7 35.9 9.9 67.7 36.2 93.9s58 34.4 93.9 36.2c37 2.1 147.9 2.1 184.9 0c35.9-1.7 67.7-9.9 93.9-36.2c26.2-26.2 34.4-58 36.2-93.9c2.1-37 2.1-147.8 0-184.8M398.8 388c-7.8 19.6-22.9 34.7-42.6 42.6c-29.5 11.7-99.5 9-132.1 9s-102.7 2.6-132.1-9c-19.6-7.8-34.7-22.9-42.6-42.6c-11.7-29.5-9-99.5-9-132.1s-2.6-102.7 9-132.1c7.8-19.6 22.9-34.7 42.6-42.6c29.5-11.7 99.5-9 132.1-9s102.7-2.6 132.1 9c19.6 7.8 34.7 22.9 42.6 42.6c11.7 29.5 9 99.5 9 132.1s2.7 102.7-9 132.1"/></svg></a></li><li data-v-21bfe27b><a href="https://x.com/NASA" aria-label="NASA on X" target="_blank" data-v-21bfe27b><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" aria-hidden="true" role="img" class="icon" data-v-21bfe27b style="" width="1em" height="1em" viewBox="0 0 512 512" data-v-f0820886><path fill="currentColor" d="M389.2 48h70.6L305.6 224.2L487 464H345L233.7 318.6L106.5 464H35.8l164.9-188.5L26.8 48h145.6l100.5 132.9zm-24.8 373.8h39.1L151.1 88h-42z"/></svg></a></li><li data-v-21bfe27b><a href="https://www.youtube.com/@NASA" aria-label="NASA on YouTube" target="_blank" data-v-21bfe27b><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" aria-hidden="true" role="img" class="icon" data-v-21bfe27b style="" width="1em" height="1em" viewBox="0 0 24 24" data-v-f0820886><path fill="currentColor" d="M21.593 7.203a2.5 2.5 0 0 0-1.762-1.766C18.265 5.007 12 5 12 5s-6.264-.007-7.831.404a2.56 2.56 0 0 0-1.766 1.778c-.413 1.566-.417 4.814-.417 4.814s-.004 3.264.406 4.814c.23.857.905 1.534 1.763 1.765c1.582.43 7.83.437 7.83.437s6.265.007 7.831-.403a2.52 2.52 0 0 0 1.767-1.763c.414-1.565.417-4.812.417-4.812s.02-3.265-.407-4.831M9.996 15.005l.005-6l5.207 3.005z"/></svg></a></li></ul></div><ul class="hds-footer-menu usa-unstyled-list" data-v-21bfe27b><li data-v-21bfe27b><a href="https://www.nasa.gov/socialmedia/" data-v-21bfe27b><span data-v-21bfe27b>More NASA Social Accounts</span></a></li><li data-v-21bfe27b><a href="https://www.nasa.gov/nasa-newsletters/" data-v-21bfe27b><span data-v-21bfe27b>NASA Newsletters</span></a></li></ul></div></div><div class="grid-col-12 tablet:grid-col-8 desktop:grid-col-12 margin-bottom-2 padding-top-3 border-top-1px hds-footer-secondary" data-v-21bfe27b><ul class="color-carbon-30-important hds-footer-menu hds-footer-menu-horizontal usa-unstyled-list" data-v-21bfe27b><li data-v-21bfe27b><a href="https://www.nasa.gov/sitemap/" title="Sitemap" target="_self" data-v-21bfe27b><span data-v-21bfe27b>Sitemap</span></a></li><li data-v-21bfe27b><a href="https://www.nasa.gov/news/nasa-media-contacts/" title="For Media" target="_self" data-v-21bfe27b><span data-v-21bfe27b>For Media</span></a></li><li data-v-21bfe27b><a href="https://www.nasa.gov/nasa-web-privacy-policy-and-important-notices/" title="Privacy Policy" target="_self" data-v-21bfe27b><span data-v-21bfe27b>Privacy Policy</span></a></li><li data-v-21bfe27b><a href="https://www.nasa.gov/foia/" title="FOIA" target="_self" data-v-21bfe27b><span data-v-21bfe27b>FOIA</span></a></li><li data-v-21bfe27b><a href="https://www.nasa.gov/no-fear-act/" title="No FEAR Act" target="_self" data-v-21bfe27b><span data-v-21bfe27b>No FEAR Act</span></a></li><li data-v-21bfe27b><a href="http://oig.nasa.gov/" title="Office of the IG" target="_self" data-v-21bfe27b><span data-v-21bfe27b>Office of the IG</span></a></li><li data-v-21bfe27b><a href="https://www.nasa.gov/budgets-plans-and-reports/" title="Budget & Annual Reports" target="_self" data-v-21bfe27b><span data-v-21bfe27b>Budget & Annual Reports</span></a></li><li data-v-21bfe27b><a href="https://www.nasa.gov/organizations/budget-annual-reports/agency-financial-reports/" title="Agency Financial Reports" target="_self" data-v-21bfe27b><span data-v-21bfe27b>Agency Financial Reports</span></a></li><li data-v-21bfe27b><a href="https://www.nasa.gov/contact-nasa/" title="Contact NASA" target="_self" data-v-21bfe27b><span data-v-21bfe27b>Contact NASA</span></a></li><li data-v-21bfe27b><a href="https://nasa.gov/accessibility/" title="Accessibility" target="_self" data-v-21bfe27b><span data-v-21bfe27b>Accessibility</span></a></li></ul></div><div class="margin-top-4 desktop:margin-top-0 grid-col-12" data-v-21bfe27b><ul class="color-carbon-40-important hds-footer-menu hds-footer-menu-horizontal hds-menu-meta usa-unstyled-list" data-v-21bfe27b><li class="hds-footer-meta" data-v-21bfe27b><div class="hds-footer-meta-label" data-v-21bfe27b>Page Last Updated:</div><div title="Page Last Updated: Tue Oct 22 2024 07:57:07 GMT+0000 (Coordinated Universal Time)" class="hds-footer-meta-value" data-v-21bfe27b>last month</div></li><li class="hds-footer-meta" data-v-21bfe27b><div class="hds-footer-meta-label" data-v-21bfe27b>Page Editor:</div><div class="hds-footer-meta-value" data-v-21bfe27b>SMD Content Editors</div></li><li class="hds-footer-meta" data-v-21bfe27b><div class="hds-footer-meta-label" data-v-21bfe27b>Responsible NASA Official for Science:</div><div class="hds-footer-meta-value" data-v-21bfe27b>Dana Bolles</div></li></ul></div></div></div></div></footer></div></div></div><div id="teleports"></div><script type="application/json" id="__NUXT_DATA__" data-ssr="true">[["Reactive",1],{"data":2,"state":958,"once":971,"_errors":972,"serverRendered":103,"path":973,"pinia":974},{"qPjc36dTwh":3,"AWUXVp57yf":524},{"type":4,"value":5},"post",{"id":6,"post_type":7,"title":8,"authors":9,"categories":29,"classes":55,"color_mode":66,"date":67,"date_gmt":68,"modified_date_gmt":69,"manualExcerpt":26,"preview":27,"permalink":39,"purge":70,"readTime":73,"seo":74,"template":87,"timeAgo":88,"blocks":89},50419,"topic","Galaxies",[10],{"id":11,"first-name":12,"last-name":13,"display-name":14,"email":15,"biography":16,"images":17,"location":23,"phone":24,"job-title":16,"country":25,"read-more":26,"on-contract":27,"social-links":28},66,"Jeanette","Kazmierczak","Jeanette Kazmierczak","jeanette.a.kazmierczak@nasa.gov","",{"thumbnail-md":18,"thumbnail-lg":19,"medium":20,"card-sm":21,"card-md":22},"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/797d6bd2d3c95e8f42e31ffb310058f8?s=100&d=mm&r=g","https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/797d6bd2d3c95e8f42e31ffb310058f8?s=200&d=mm&r=g","https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/797d6bd2d3c95e8f42e31ffb310058f8?s=300&d=mm&r=g","https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/797d6bd2d3c95e8f42e31ffb310058f8?s=600&d=mm&r=g","https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/797d6bd2d3c95e8f42e31ffb310058f8?s=900&d=mm&r=g",[],[],"US",null,false,[],[30,36,40,45,50],{"term_id":31,"taxonomy":32,"name":33,"slug":34,"link":35},1824,"category","Astrophysics","astrophysics","https://science.nasa.gov/astrophysics/",{"term_id":37,"taxonomy":32,"name":8,"slug":38,"link":39},2025,"galaxies","https://science.nasa.gov/universe/galaxies/",{"term_id":41,"taxonomy":32,"name":42,"slug":43,"link":44},3325,"Galaxies, Stars, & Black Holes","galaxies-stars-black-holes","https://science.nasa.gov/category/science-research/astrophysics/galaxies-stars-black-holes/",{"term_id":46,"taxonomy":32,"name":47,"slug":48,"link":49},1820,"Science & Research","science-research","https://science.nasa.gov/",{"term_id":51,"taxonomy":32,"name":52,"slug":53,"link":54},2010,"The Universe","universe","https://science.nasa.gov/universe/",[56,7,57,58,59,60,61,62,63,64,65],"post-50419","type-topic","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-astrophysics","category-galaxies","category-galaxies-stars-black-holes","category-science-research","category-universe","light","2023-06-09 06:55:09","2023-06-09 14:55:09","2024-10-22 07:57:07",[71,72],"https://smd-cms.nasa.gov/wp-json/smd/v1/router/universe/galaxies","https://smd-cms.nasa.gov/wp-json/smd/v1/router/universe/galaxies/",2,{"canonical":39,"meta":75,"opengraph":76,"title":86},{"description":16},{"description":77,"image":78,"title":8,"type":85},"Galaxies consist of stars, planets, and vast clouds of gas and dust, all bound together by gravity. The largest contain trillions of stars and can be more than a million light-years across. The smallest can contain a few thousand stars and span just a few hundred light-years. Most large galaxies have supermassive black holes at […]",{"alt":79,"size":80,"type":83,"url":84},"Looking like a pinwheel, this face-on spiral galaxy holds a bright-white core at image center. Arms curve outward from the core. They hold dark dust lanes and bright star-forming regions. All on a black background dotted with stars.",{"width":81,"height":82},1024,800,"image","https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/spiral-galaxy-jpg.webp?w=1024","article","Galaxies - NASA Science","default","1 year",[90,253,329,333,336,339,342,347,350,363,366,369,372,482],{"name":91,"attributes":92},"nasa-blocks/secondary-navigation",{"align":93,"anchor":16,"colorMode":87,"enable_breadcrumbs":94,"post_id":95,"breadcrumbs":26,"hdsnav_color_mode":96,"navLinks":97,"postDetails":251},"full","false","159673","dark",[98,124,144,165,187,200,219,243],{"link_title":99,"linkType":100,"linkId":101,"subMenus":105},"Universe","dropdown-menu",{"id":102,"title":26,"kind":26,"type":26,"url":49,"external":103,"target":104},0,true,"_self",[106,114,119],{"link_title":107,"linkType":108,"linkId":109},"Cosmic History","link",{"id":110,"title":111,"kind":112,"type":7,"url":113,"external":103,"target":104},196136,"Overview","post-type","https://science.nasa.gov/universe/overview/",{"link_title":115,"linkType":108,"linkId":116},"Building Blocks",{"id":117,"title":115,"kind":112,"type":7,"url":118,"external":103,"target":104},196128,"https://science.nasa.gov/universe/overview/building-blocks/",{"link_title":120,"linkType":108,"linkId":121},"Forces",{"id":122,"title":120,"kind":112,"type":7,"url":123,"external":103,"target":104},196130,"https://science.nasa.gov/universe/overview/forces/",{"link_title":8,"linkType":100,"anchorId":16,"linkId":125,"subMenus":126},{"id":102,"title":26,"kind":26,"type":26,"url":49,"external":103,"target":104},[127,129,134,139],{"link_title":111,"linkType":108,"linkId":128},{"id":6,"title":8,"kind":112,"type":7,"url":39,"external":103,"target":104},{"link_title":130,"linkType":108,"linkId":131},"Types",{"id":132,"title":130,"kind":112,"type":7,"url":133,"external":103,"target":104},196181,"https://science.nasa.gov/universe/galaxies/types/",{"link_title":135,"linkType":108,"linkId":136},"Evolution",{"id":137,"title":135,"kind":112,"type":7,"url":138,"external":103,"target":104},196165,"https://science.nasa.gov/universe/galaxies/evolution/",{"link_title":140,"linkType":108,"linkId":141},"Large Scale Structures",{"id":142,"title":140,"kind":112,"type":7,"url":143,"external":103,"target":104},196167,"https://science.nasa.gov/universe/galaxies/large-scale-structures/",{"link_title":145,"linkType":100,"anchorId":16,"linkId":146,"subMenus":147},"Black Holes",{"id":102,"title":26,"kind":26,"type":26,"url":49,"external":103,"target":104},[148,152,156,161],{"link_title":111,"linkType":108,"linkId":149},{"id":150,"title":145,"kind":112,"type":7,"url":151,"external":103,"target":104},50452,"https://science.nasa.gov/universe/black-holes/",{"link_title":130,"linkType":108,"linkId":153},{"id":154,"title":130,"kind":112,"type":7,"url":155,"external":103,"target":104},196155,"https://science.nasa.gov/universe/black-holes/types/",{"link_title":157,"linkType":108,"linkId":158},"Anatomy",{"id":159,"title":157,"kind":112,"type":7,"url":160,"external":103,"target":104},196145,"https://science.nasa.gov/universe/black-holes/anatomy/",{"link_title":162,"linkType":108,"linkId":163},"Black Hole Week",{"id":26,"title":26,"kind":26,"type":26,"url":164,"external":103,"target":104},"https://science.nasa.gov/universe/black-holes/black-hole-week/",{"link_title":166,"linkType":100,"anchorId":16,"linkId":167,"subMenus":168},"Stars",{"id":102,"title":26,"kind":26,"type":26,"url":49,"external":103,"target":104},[169,173,177,182],{"link_title":111,"linkType":108,"linkId":170},{"id":171,"title":166,"kind":112,"type":7,"url":172,"external":103,"target":104},50611,"https://science.nasa.gov/universe/stars/",{"link_title":130,"linkType":108,"linkId":174},{"id":175,"title":130,"kind":112,"type":7,"url":176,"external":103,"target":104},196188,"https://science.nasa.gov/universe/stars/types/",{"link_title":178,"linkType":108,"linkId":179},"Multiple Star Systems",{"id":180,"title":178,"kind":112,"type":7,"url":181,"external":103,"target":104},196186,"https://science.nasa.gov/universe/stars/multiple-star-systems/",{"link_title":183,"linkType":108,"linkId":184},"Planetary Systems",{"id":185,"title":183,"kind":112,"type":7,"url":186,"external":103,"target":104},196187,"https://science.nasa.gov/universe/stars/planetary-system/",{"link_title":188,"linkType":108,"anchorId":16,"linkId":189,"subMenus":191},"Exoplanets",{"id":26,"title":26,"kind":26,"type":26,"url":190,"external":103,"target":104},"https://science.nasa.gov/exoplanets/",[192,196],{"link_title":193,"linkType":108,"linkId":194},"Submenu One Title",{"id":102,"title":26,"kind":26,"type":26,"url":195,"external":103,"target":104},"https://science.nasa.gov/submenu-one-url",{"link_title":197,"linkType":108,"linkId":198},"Submenu Two Title",{"id":102,"title":26,"kind":26,"type":26,"url":199,"external":103,"target":104},"https://science.nasa.gov/submenu-two-url",{"link_title":201,"linkType":100,"anchorId":16,"linkId":202,"subMenus":203},"Exploration",{"id":102,"title":26,"kind":26,"type":26,"url":49,"external":103,"target":104},[204,209,214],{"link_title":205,"linkType":108,"linkId":206},"Sensing the Universe",{"id":207,"title":205,"kind":112,"type":7,"url":208,"external":103,"target":104},196140,"https://science.nasa.gov/universe/sensing-the-universe/",{"link_title":210,"linkType":108,"linkId":211},"Telescopes 101",{"id":212,"title":210,"kind":112,"type":7,"url":213,"external":103,"target":104},196144,"https://science.nasa.gov/universe/telescopes-101/",{"link_title":215,"linkType":108,"linkId":216},"Observatories",{"id":217,"title":215,"kind":112,"type":7,"url":218,"external":103,"target":104},196133,"https://science.nasa.gov/universe/observatories/",{"link_title":220,"linkType":100,"anchorId":16,"linkId":221,"subMenus":222},"More",{"id":102,"title":26,"kind":26,"type":26,"url":49,"external":103,"target":104},[223,227,231,235,239],{"link_title":224,"linkType":108,"linkId":225},"News",{"id":26,"title":26,"kind":26,"type":26,"url":226,"external":103,"target":104},"https://science.nasa.gov/stories-srjhx/",{"link_title":228,"linkType":108,"linkId":229},"Deep Dives",{"id":26,"title":26,"kind":26,"type":26,"url":230,"external":103,"target":104},"https://science.nasa.gov/universe/stories/deep-dives/",{"link_title":232,"linkType":108,"linkId":233},"Quick Reads",{"id":26,"title":26,"kind":26,"type":26,"url":234,"external":103,"target":104},"https://science.nasa.gov/universe/stories/quick-reads/",{"link_title":236,"linkType":108,"linkId":237},"Graphics",{"id":26,"title":26,"kind":26,"type":26,"url":238,"external":103,"target":104},"https://science.nasa.gov/universe/graphics/",{"link_title":240,"linkType":108,"linkId":241},"Glossary",{"id":26,"title":26,"kind":26,"type":26,"url":242,"external":103,"target":104},"https://science.nasa.gov/universe/glossary/a-g/",{"link_title":244,"linkType":108,"anchorId":16,"linkId":245,"subMenus":246},"Universe Home",{"id":26,"title":26,"kind":26,"type":26,"url":54,"external":103,"target":104},[247,249],{"link_title":193,"linkType":108,"linkId":248},{"id":102,"title":26,"kind":26,"type":26,"url":195,"external":103,"target":104},{"link_title":197,"linkType":108,"linkId":250},{"id":102,"title":26,"kind":26,"type":26,"url":199,"external":103,"target":104},{"title":99,"url":252},"https://science.nasa.gov/?hdsnav=universe",{"name":254,"attributes":255},"nasa-blocks/page-intro",{"align":93,"anchor":16,"anchorLinks":256,"banner_bg":277,"banner_description":16,"description":288,"heading":289,"image_1":290,"image_2":295,"image_3":299,"linkId":303,"more_link":305,"show_images":306,"show_stats":306,"slider_heading":307,"slides":308,"stat_1_label":319,"stat_1_value":320,"stat_2_label":321,"stat_2_value":322,"stat_3_label":323,"stat_3_value":324,"stat_4_label":325,"stat_4_value":326,"tagline":327,"variation":328},[257,259,261,263,265,267,269,271,273,275],{"link_text":258,"linkId":26},"Agriculture",{"link_text":260,"linkId":26},"Human Health",{"link_text":262,"linkId":26},"Ecosystems & Biodiversity",{"link_text":264,"linkId":26},"Fire",{"link_text":266,"linkId":26},"Disasters",{"link_text":268,"linkId":26},"Energy",{"link_text":270,"linkId":26},"Forest Management",{"link_text":272,"linkId":26},"Urban Growth",{"link_text":274,"linkId":26},"Carbon & Climate",{"link_text":276,"linkId":26},"Water",{"id":278,"url":279,"alt":79,"caption":280,"credits":281,"fit":282,"zoom":102,"focalPoint":283,"parallax":285,"detail_link":26,"contentType":83,"width":286,"height":287},49593,"https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/spiral-galaxy-jpg.webp?w=1200","This stunning view of spiral galaxy M101, also known as the Pinwheel galaxy, was captured by the Hubble Space Telescope. Credit: NASA, ESA, K. Kuntz (JHU), F. Bresolin (University of Hawaii), J. Trauger (Jet Propulsion Lab), J. Mould (NOAO), Y.-H. Chu (University of Illinois, Urbana) and STScI; CFHT Image: Canada-France-Hawaii Telescope/J.-C. Cuillandre/Coelum; NOAO Image: G. Jacoby, B. Bohannan, M. Hanna/NOAO/AURA/NSF","NASA, ESA, K. Kuntz (JHU), F. Bresolin (University of Hawaii), J. Trauger (Jet Propulsion Lab), J. Mould (NOAO), Y.-H. Chu (University of Illinois, Urbana) and STScI; CFHT Image: Canada-France-Hawaii Telescope/J.-C. Cuillandre/Coelum; NOAO Image: G. Jacoby, B. Bohannan, M. Hanna/NOAO/AURA/NSF","cover",{"x":284,"y":284},".50","no",1200,938,"NASA uses robots and robotic technology to explore other planets and objects in our solar system, assist astronauts on the Space Station, study the universe, and much more. Right now there are NASA robots are millions of miles away helping us better understand what’s out there.","Galaxy Basics",{"id":102,"url":291,"alt":292,"caption":16,"credits":16,"fit":282,"zoom":293,"focalPoint":294,"parallax":285,"detail_link":26},"https://live.staticflickr.com/65535/49797993848_5314da8448_h.jpg","Special delivery to ISS",20,{"x":284,"y":284},{"id":102,"url":296,"alt":297,"caption":16,"credits":16,"fit":282,"zoom":293,"focalPoint":298,"parallax":285,"detail_link":26},"https://live.staticflickr.com/4115/4858568740_6632dc4f4c_h.jpg","An early shuttle launch",{"x":284,"y":284},{"id":102,"url":300,"alt":301,"caption":16,"credits":16,"fit":282,"zoom":293,"focalPoint":302,"parallax":285,"detail_link":26},"https://live.staticflickr.com/1611/25524892462_a030e841bb_h.jpg","Blurry satellite against the blackness of space",{"x":284,"y":284},{"id":102,"title":26,"kind":26,"type":26,"url":304,"external":103,"target":104},"https://science.nasa.gov/location/goddard-space-flight-center/","Learn More","yes","Quick Facts",[309,314],{"slide_image":310,"slide_text":313},{"id":102,"url":311,"alt":16,"caption":16,"credits":16,"fit":282,"zoom":293,"focalPoint":312,"parallax":285,"detail_link":26},"https://smd-cms.nasa.gov/wp-content/plugins/nasa-blocks/assets/images/image-carousel-example-01.jpg",{"x":284,"y":284},"Ranger 7 was the first robotic probe to successfully transmit close images of the lunar surface back to Earth.",{"slide_image":315,"slide_text":318},{"id":102,"url":316,"alt":16,"caption":16,"credits":16,"fit":282,"zoom":73,"focalPoint":317,"parallax":285,"detail_link":26},"https://smd-cms.nasa.gov/wp-content/plugins/nasa-blocks/assets/images/image-carousel-example-02.jpeg",{"x":284,"y":284},"Ranger 7 sent 4,316 stunning images before crashing into the Moon on the northern rim of the Sea of Clouds.","Location","Greenbelt, MD","Founded","May 1, 1959","People","10,000+","Director","Dennis J. Andrucyk","Impact & Benefits","banner_image",{"name":330,"attributes":331},"core/paragraph",{"anchor":16,"content":332,"dropCap":27},"Galaxies consist of stars, planets, and vast clouds of gas and dust, all bound together by gravity. The largest contain trillions of stars and can be more than a million light-years across. The smallest can contain a few thousand stars and span just a few hundred light-years. Most large galaxies have supermassive black holes at their centers, some with billions of times the Sun’s mass.",{"name":330,"attributes":334},{"anchor":16,"content":335,"dropCap":27},"Galaxies come in a variety of shapes, mostly spirals and ellipticals, as well as those with less orderly appearances, usually dubbed irregular.",{"name":330,"attributes":337},{"anchor":16,"content":338,"dropCap":27},"Most galaxies are between 10 billion and 13.6 billion years old. Some are almost as old as the universe itself, which formed around 13.8 billion years ago. Astronomers think the youngest known galaxy formed approximately 500 million years ago.",{"name":330,"attributes":340},{"anchor":16,"content":341,"dropCap":27},"Galaxies can organize into groups of about 100 or fewer members held together by their mutual gravity. Larger structures, called clusters, may contain thousands of galaxies. Groups and clusters can be arranged in superclusters, which are not gravitationally bound. Superclusters, empty voids, “walls” of galaxies, and other large-scale structures make up the cosmic web of matter in the universe.",{"name":343,"attributes":344},"core/heading",{"anchor":345,"content":346,"level":73,"stripped_content":346},"milky-way","Our Milky Way",{"name":330,"attributes":348},{"anchor":16,"content":349,"dropCap":27},"Our home galaxy is called the Milky Way. It’s a spiral galaxy with a disk of stars spanning more than 100,000 light-years. Earth is located along one of the galaxy’s spiral arms, about halfway from the center. Our solar system takes about 240 million years to orbit the Milky Way just once.",{"name":351,"attributes":352},"core/image",{"alt":353,"background":354,"image_align":361,"migrated":103,"url":362},"Milky Way illustration",{"id":355,"url":356,"alt":353,"caption":357,"credits":358,"fit":359,"zoom":102,"focalPoint":360,"parallax":285,"detail_link":26,"contentType":83,"width":82,"height":82},195216,"https://assets.science.nasa.gov/dynamicimage/assets/science/astro/universe/internal_resources/332/Milky_Way_illustration-1.jpeg?w=800&h=800&fit=clip&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint","This illustration shows the Milky Way, our home galaxy.","NASA/JPL-Caltech","fit",{"x":284,"y":284},"inline","https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/Milky_Way_illustration-1.jpeg",{"name":330,"attributes":364},{"anchor":16,"content":365,"dropCap":27},"From our perspective on Earth, the Milky Way looks like a faint, milky band of light arcing across the entire sky, which is how it got its name. This feature marks the central disk of our home galaxy seen edge on.",{"name":330,"attributes":367},{"anchor":16,"content":368,"dropCap":27},"The Milky Way sits in a neighborhood with over 50 other galaxies called the Local Group. Its members range in size from dwarf galaxies (smaller galaxies with up to a few billion stars) to Andromeda, our nearest large galactic neighbor.",{"name":330,"attributes":370},{"anchor":16,"content":371,"dropCap":27},"The Local Group sits just off the edge of the Virgo cluster and is part of the Laniakea supercluster.",{"name":373,"attributes":374},"nasa-blocks/news-automated",{"align":93,"anchor":16,"category":375,"heading":376,"linkId":377,"more_link":380,"news_tags":381,"number_news_items":382,"show_link":103,"source":16,"latest_news":383},"2025","Galaxies Stories",{"id":378,"title":376,"kind":112,"type":7,"url":379,"external":103,"target":104},100816,"https://science.nasa.gov/astrophysics/focus-areas/what-are-galaxies/stories/","Explore All Galaxy Stories","all","5",[384,399,413,427,440,450,461,471],{"id":385,"post_type":4,"title":386,"featuredImg":387,"time_ago":396,"read_time":397,"link":398},435701,"Hats Off to NASA’s Webb: Sombrero Galaxy Dazzles in New Image",{"id":388,"url":389,"alt":390,"caption":391,"credits":392,"fit":282,"zoom":102,"focalPoint":393,"parallax":285,"detail_link":26,"contentType":83,"width":81,"height":395},435704,"https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/webb-stsci-01jcgz71j2wy7vrn04ypbyb5x4-2k.png?w=1024","Image of a galaxy on the black background of space. The galaxy is a very oblong, blue disk that extends from left to right at an angle (from about 10 o’clock to 5 o’clock). The galaxy has a small bright core at the center. There is an inner disk that is clearer, with speckles of stars scattered throughout. The outer disk of the galaxy is whiteish-blue, and clumpy, like clouds in the sky. There are different colored dots, distant galaxies, speckled among the black background of space surrounding the galaxy.","NASA’s James Webb Space Telescope recently imaged the Sombrero galaxy with its MIRI (Mid-Infrared Instrument), resolving the clumpy nature of the dust along the galaxy’s outer ring. This image includes filters representing 7.7-micron light as blue, 11.3-micron light as green, and 12.8-micron light as red.","NASA, ESA, CSA, STScI",{"x":394,"y":394},0.5,343,"2 days ago",5,"https://science.nasa.gov/missions/webb/hats-off-to-nasas-webb-sombrero-galaxy-dazzles-in-new-image/",{"id":400,"post_type":4,"title":401,"featuredImg":402,"time_ago":411,"read_time":73,"link":412},435609,"Hubble Captures an Edge-On Spiral with Curve Appeal",{"id":403,"url":404,"alt":405,"caption":406,"credits":407,"fit":282,"zoom":102,"focalPoint":408,"parallax":285,"detail_link":26,"contentType":83,"width":409,"height":410},435614,"https://assets.science.nasa.gov/dynamicimage/assets/science/missions/hubble/galaxies/spiral/Hubble_UGC10043_potw2447a.jpg?w=2419&h=2499&fit=clip&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint","A spiral galaxy seen directly from the side, such that its disk looks like a narrow diagonal band across the image. A band of dark dust covers the disk in the center most of the way out to the ends, and the disk glows around that. In the center of the galaxy, a whitish circle of light bulges out above and below the disk. Each end of the disk curves slightly. The background is black and mostly empty.","This NASA/ESA Hubble Space Telescope image features a spiral galaxy, named UGC 10043. We don’t see the galaxy’s spiral arms because we are seeing it from the side. Located roughly 150 million light-years from Earth in the constellation Serpens, UGC 10043 is one of the somewhat rare spiral galaxies that we see edge-on. This edge-on viewpoint makes the galaxy’s disk appear as a sharp line through space, with its prominent dust lanes forming thick bands of clouds that obscure our view of the galaxy’s glow. If we could fly above the galaxy, viewing it from the top down, we would see this dust scattered across UGC 10043, possibly outlining its spiral arms. Despite the dust’s obscuring nature, some active star-forming regions shine out from behind the dark clouds. We can also see that the galaxy’s center sports a glowing, almost egg-shaped ‘bulge’, rising far above and below the disk. All spiral galaxies have a bulge similar to this one as part of their structure. These bulges hold stars that orbit the galactic center on paths above and below the whirling disk; it’s a feature that isn’t normally obvious in pictures of galaxies. The unusually large size of this bulge compared to the galaxy’s disk is possibly due to UGC 10043 siphoning material from a nearby dwarf galaxy. This may also be why its disk appears warped, bending up at one end and down at the other. Like most full-color Hubble images, this image is a composite, made up of several individual snapshots taken by Hubble at different times, each capturing different wavelengths of light. One notable aspect of this image is that the two sets of data that comprise this image were collected 23 years apart, in 2000 and 2023! Hubble’s longevity doesn’t just afford us the ability to produce new and better images of old targets; it also provides a long-term archive of data which only becomes more and more useful to astronomers.","ESA/Hubble & NASA, R. Windhorst, W. Keel",{"x":394,"y":394},2419,2499,"5 days ago","https://science.nasa.gov/missions/hubble/hubble-captures-an-edge-on-spiral-with-curve-appeal/",{"id":414,"post_type":4,"title":415,"featuredImg":416,"time_ago":425,"read_time":73,"link":426},434656,"Hubble Takes a Look at Tangled Galaxies",{"id":417,"url":418,"alt":419,"caption":420,"credits":421,"fit":282,"zoom":102,"focalPoint":422,"parallax":285,"detail_link":26,"contentType":83,"width":423,"height":424},434661,"https://assets.science.nasa.gov/dynamicimage/assets/science/missions/hubble/galaxies/interacting/Hubble_%20MCG+05-31-045_potw2446a.jpg?w=1038&h=966&fit=clip&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint","In the center is a large, oval-shaped galaxy, with a shining, ringed core. Left of its center is a second, smaller galaxy with two spiral arms. The galaxy pair is so close that they appear to be merging: a tail of material with a few glowing spots connects from one of the smaller galaxy’s spiral arms to the larger galaxy. A faint halo surrounds both galaxies. Several stars are visible around the pair.","This NASA/ESA Hubble Space Telescope image depicts the cosmic tangle that is MCG+05-31-045, a pair of interacting galaxies located 390 million light-years away and a part of the Coma galaxy cluster. The Coma cluster is a particularly rich cluster that contains over a thousand known galaxies. Amateur astronomers can easily spot several of these in a backyard telescope. Most of them are elliptical galaxies, and that’s typical of a dense galaxy cluster like the Coma cluster: many elliptical galaxies form through close encounters between galaxies that stir them up, or even collisions that rip them apart. While the stars in interacting galaxies can stay together, their gas is twisted and compressed by gravitational forces and rapidly used up to form new stars. When the hot, massive, blue stars die, there is little gas left to form new generations of young stars to replace them. As spiral galaxies interact, gravity disrupts the regular orbits that produce their striking spiral arms. Whether through mergers or simple near misses, the result is a galaxy almost devoid of gas, with ageing stars orbiting in uncoordinated circles: an elliptical galaxy. It’s very likely that a similar fate will befall MCG+05-31-045. As the smaller spiral galaxy is torn up and integrated into the larger galaxy, many new stars will form, and the hot, blue ones will quickly burn out, leaving cooler, redder stars behind in an elliptical galaxy, much like others in the Coma cluster. But this process won’t be complete for many millions of years.","ESA/Hubble & NASA, R. J. Foley (UC Santa Cruz)",{"x":394,"y":394},1038,966,"2 weeks ago","https://science.nasa.gov/missions/hubble/hubble-takes-a-look-at-tangled-galaxies/",{"id":428,"post_type":4,"title":429,"featuredImg":430,"time_ago":425,"read_time":397,"link":439},434437,"NASA’s Hubble Sees Aftermath of Galaxy’s Scrape with Milky Way",{"id":431,"url":432,"alt":433,"caption":434,"credits":435,"fit":282,"zoom":102,"focalPoint":436,"parallax":285,"detail_link":26,"contentType":83,"width":437,"height":438},435636,"https://assets.science.nasa.gov/dynamicimage/assets/science/missions/hubble/galaxies/artist-concepts/Hubble_LMC_MilkyWay_STScI-01JBHBXHFBV227ZAZBSFR53WS9.jpg?w=3840&h=2160&fit=clip&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint","A whitish, whirlpool-like galaxy at middle of top edge, and a tadpole-shaped structure sweeps from left to right across lower half. A label pointing to outer, left of galaxy reads “Earth.” Faint, purple haze labeled “Milky Way Halo” surrounds galaxy and stretches to graphic’s edges. The tadpole-shaped object is the Large Magellanic Cloud, or LMC, with its own halo and streaming tail. Semi-circular, progressively darker layers of purple labeled “LMC Halo” surround the LMC, which appears roughly circular, with a central, light-yellow bar. Cloud-like features sprinkled with white specks surround this bar. Trailing the LMC is a large, tail-like feature labeled “Stream.” At the bottom left corner of graphic are several small, bright points of light labeled “Quasars.” Three light blue lines point from the label “Earth” through the LMC’s halo, and to three corresponding quasars. At the bottom, right corner is the label “Artist’s Concept.”","This artist's concept shows the Large Magellanic Cloud, or LMC, in the foreground as it passes through the gaseous halo of the much more massive Milky Way galaxy. The encounter has blown away most of the spherical halo of gas that surrounds the LMC, as illustrated by the trailing gas stream reminiscent of a comet's tail. Still, a compact halo remains, and scientists do not expect this residual halo to be lost. The team surveyed the halo by using the background light of 28 quasars, an exceptionally bright type of active galactic nucleus that shines across the universe like a lighthouse beacon. Their light allows scientists to "see" the intervening halo gas indirectly through the absorption of the background light. The lines represent the Hubble Space Telescope's view from its orbit around Earth to the distant quasars through the LMC's gas.","NASA, ESA, Ralf Crawford (STScI)",{"x":394,"y":394},3840,2160,"https://science.nasa.gov/missions/hubble/nasas-hubble-sees-aftermath-of-galaxys-scrape-with-milky-way/",{"id":441,"post_type":442,"title":443,"featuredImg":444,"time_ago":447,"read_time":448,"link":449},433675,"image-article-ext","Hubble Captures a Galaxy with Many Lights",{"id":26,"url":445,"alt":16,"caption":16,"credits":16,"fit":282,"zoom":102,"focalPoint":446,"parallax":285,"detail_link":26},"https://www.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/potw2445a.jpg",{"x":394,"y":394},"3 weeks ago",1,"https://www.nasa.gov/image-article/hubble-captures-a-galaxy-with-many-lights/",{"id":451,"post_type":4,"title":443,"featuredImg":452,"time_ago":447,"read_time":73,"link":460},433268,{"id":453,"url":454,"alt":455,"caption":456,"credits":457,"fit":282,"zoom":102,"focalPoint":458,"parallax":285,"detail_link":26,"contentType":83,"width":81,"height":459},433278,"https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/hubble-ngc1672-withsn-potw2445c.jpg?w=1024","A spiral galaxy with an oval-shaped disk. Two large arms curve out away from the ends of the disk. Bright pink patches and dark reddish threads of dust fill the arms. The bright pink patches indicate where stars are forming. The core is very bright and filled with stars. Some large stars appear in front of the galaxy. Directly under the point where the right arm joins the disk, a fading supernova is visible as a green dot.","This NASA/ESA Hubble Space Telescope image features NGC 1672, a barred spiral galaxy located 49 million light-years from Earth in the constellation Dorado. This galaxy is a multi-talented light show, showing off an impressive array of different celestial lights. Like any spiral galaxy, shining stars fill its disk, giving the galaxy a beautiful glow. Along its two large arms, bubbles of hydrogen gas shine in a striking red light fueled by radiation from infant stars shrouded within. Near the galaxy’s center are some particularly spectacular stars embedded within a ring of hot gas. These newly formed and extremely hot stars emit powerful X-rays. Closer in, at the galaxy’s very center, sits an even brighter source of X-rays, an active galactic nucleus. This X-ray powerhouse makes NGC 1672 a Seyfert galaxy. It forms as a result of heated matter swirling in the accretion disk around NGC 1672’s supermassive black hole.\n\nAlong with its bright young stars and X-ray core, a highlight of this image is the most fleeting and temporary of lights: a supernova, visible in just one of the six Hubble images that make up this composite. Supernova SN 2017GAX was a Type I supernova caused by the core-collapse and subsequent explosion of a giant star that went from invisible to a new light in the sky in just a matter of days. In the image above, the supernova is already fading and is visible as a small green dot just below the crook of the spiral arm on the right side. Astronomers wanted to look for any companion star that the supernova progenitor may have had — something impossible to spot beside a live supernova — so they purposefully captured this image of the fading supernova.","ESA/Hubble & NASA, O. Fox, L. Jenkins, S. Van Dyk, A. Filippenko, J. Lee and the PHANGS-HST Team, D. de Martin (ESA/Hubble), M. Zamani (ESA/Hubble)",{"x":394,"y":394},682,"https://science.nasa.gov/missions/hubble/hubble-captures-a-galaxy-with-many-lights/",{"id":462,"post_type":463,"title":464,"featuredImg":465,"time_ago":468,"read_time":469,"link":470},432308,"post-ext","Why NASA’s SPHEREx Mission Will Make ‘Most Colorful’ Cosmic Map Ever",{"id":26,"url":466,"alt":16,"caption":16,"credits":16,"fit":282,"zoom":102,"focalPoint":467,"parallax":285,"detail_link":26},"https://www.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/1-spherex-telescope.jpg",{"x":394,"y":394},"4 weeks ago",6,"https://www.nasa.gov/missions/spherex/why-nasas-spherex-mission-will-make-most-colorful-cosmic-map-ever/",{"id":472,"post_type":4,"title":473,"featuredImg":474,"time_ago":468,"read_time":397,"link":481},431751,"‘Blood-Soaked’ Eyes: NASA’s Webb, Hubble Examine Galaxy Pair",{"id":475,"url":476,"alt":477,"caption":478,"credits":392,"fit":282,"zoom":102,"focalPoint":479,"parallax":285,"detail_link":26,"contentType":83,"width":81,"height":480},431747,"https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/webb-stsci-01j9rrkbba1ddr83vfrx24gs08-2k.jpg?w=1024","Two spiral galaxies take the shape of a colorful beaded mask that sits above the nose. The galaxy at left, IC 2163, is smaller, taking up a little over a quarter of the view. The galaxy at right, NGC 2207, takes up half the view, with its spiral arms reaching the edges. IC 2163 has a bright orange core, with two prominent spiral arms that rotate counter clockwise and become straighter towards the ends, the left side extending almost to the edge. Its arms are a mix of pink, white, and blue, with an area that takes the shape of an eyelid appearing whitest. NGC 2207 has a very bright core. Overall, it appears to have larger, thicker spiral arms that spin counter clockwise. This galaxy also contains more and larger blue areas of star formation that poke out like holes from the pink spiral arms. In the middle, the galaxies’ arms appear to overlap. The edges show the black background of space, including extremely distant galaxies that look like orange and red smudges, and a few foreground stars.","This observation combines mid-infrared light from NASA’s James Webb Space Telescope, and ultraviolet and visible light from NASA’s Hubble Space Telescope. The galaxies grazed one another millions of years ago. The smaller spiral on the left, cataloged as IC 2163, passed behind NGC 2207, the larger spiral galaxy at right.",{"x":394,"y":394},481,"https://science.nasa.gov/missions/webb/blood-soaked-eyes-nasas-webb-hubble-examine-galaxy-pair/",{"name":483,"attributes":484},"nasa-blocks/topic-cards",{"align":93,"anchor":16,"heading":485,"label":486,"cards":487},"Discover More Topics From NASA","Keep Exploring",[488,500,508,517],{"id":489,"excerpt":26,"featuredImg":490,"link":54,"title":99,"read_time":448,"time_ago":499},"48719",{"id":491,"url":492,"alt":493,"caption":494,"credits":495,"fit":282,"zoom":102,"focalPoint":496,"parallax":285,"detail_link":497,"contentType":83,"width":81,"height":498},207059,"https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/ngc5068-1-flat-final.jpg?w=1024","Splotches of bright-pink and blue-white fill the lower half of the image. A bright bar of white stars extends downward from top-center toward the left. Random areas of dusty clouds form dark streams against the bright backdrop.","Patches of bright pink and wisps of dark red paint the foreground of this new NASA Hubble Space Telescope image. NGC 5068 is a barred spiral galaxy with thousands of star-forming regions and large quantities of interstellar dust. First discovered by British astronomer William Herschel in 1785, NGC 5068 sits in the southern region of the constellation Virgo and is around 20 million light-years away. Astronomers estimate the galaxy is 45,000 light-years in diameter. ","NASA, ESA, R. Chandar (University of Toledo), and J. Lee (Space Telescope Science Institute); Processing: Gladys Kober (NASA/Catholic University of America)",{"x":394,"y":394},"https://science.nasa.gov/image-detail/ngc5068-1-flat-final/",1009,"6 months",{"id":501,"excerpt":26,"featuredImg":502,"link":151,"title":145,"read_time":73,"time_ago":507},"50452",{"id":503,"url":504,"alt":16,"caption":505,"credits":16,"fit":282,"zoom":102,"focalPoint":506,"parallax":285,"detail_link":26,"contentType":83,"width":81,"height":81},50461,"https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/blackhole-binary-mainsequence-jpg.webp?w=1024","In this visualization, available in HD and 4K, a binary system containing two supermassive black holes and their accretion disks is initially viewed from above. After about 25 seconds, the camera tips close to the orbital plane to reveal the most dramatic distortions produced by their gravity. The different colors of the accretion disks make it easier to track where light from each black hole turns up.\n\nCredit: NASA’s Goddard Space Flight Center/Jeremy Schnittman and Brian P. Powell",{"x":394,"y":394},"9 months",{"id":509,"excerpt":26,"featuredImg":510,"link":172,"title":166,"read_time":516,"time_ago":88},"50611",{"id":511,"url":512,"alt":16,"caption":513,"credits":16,"fit":282,"zoom":102,"focalPoint":514,"parallax":285,"detail_link":26,"contentType":83,"width":81,"height":515},50615,"https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/may102022-x1pt5flare-171-131-304-jpg.webp?w=1024","Image of the X1.5 flare emitted by the Sun on May 10, 2022 and captured by the Solar Dynamics Observatory in three wavelengths of extreme ultraviolet light that highlight different temperatures and features of the Sun's atmosphere, the corona. Credit: NASA/GSFC/SDO",{"x":394,"y":394},576,4,{"id":518,"excerpt":26,"featuredImg":519,"link":190,"title":188,"read_time":448,"time_ago":88},"50790",{"id":520,"url":521,"alt":16,"caption":522,"credits":16,"fit":282,"zoom":102,"focalPoint":523,"parallax":285,"detail_link":26,"contentType":83,"width":81,"height":515},49585,"https://science.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/lp79118d-beautyshot-jpg.webp?w=1024","LP 791-18 d, illustrated here in an artist's concept, is an Earth-size world about 90 light-years away. The gravitational tug from a more massive planet in the system, shown as a blue disk in the background, may result in internal heating and volcanic eruptions – as much as Jupiter’s moon Io, the most geologically active body in the solar system. Astronomers discovered and studied the planet using data from NASA’s Spitzer Space Telescope and TESS (Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite) along with many other observatories.\n\nCredit: NASA’s Goddard Space Flight Center/Chris Smith (KRBwyle)",{"x":394,"y":394},{"type":525,"value":526},"global-nav",[527,578,606,640,691,725,759,793,818,888,914],{"id":528,"title":529,"slug":530,"location":531,"menu_items":532},3850,"Missions","missions","global-nav-missions",[533,537,541,546,550,554,558,563,568,573],{"id":534,"title":535,"url":536,"order":448},131284,"Search All NASA Missions","https://www.nasa.gov/missions/",{"id":538,"title":539,"url":540,"order":73},222998,"A to Z List of Missions","https://www.nasa.gov/a-to-z-of-nasa-missions/",{"id":542,"title":543,"url":544,"order":545},52235,"Upcoming Launches and Landings","https://www.nasa.gov/events/",3,{"id":547,"title":548,"url":549,"order":516},52234,"Spaceships and Rockets","https://www.nasa.gov/humans-in-space/spaceships-and-rockets/",{"id":551,"title":552,"url":553,"order":397},52236,"Communicating with Missions","https://www.nasa.gov/communicating-with-missions/",{"id":555,"title":556,"url":557,"order":469},131266,"Artemis","https://www.nasa.gov/humans-in-space/artemis/",{"id":559,"title":560,"url":561,"order":562},131278,"James Webb Space Telescope","https://science.nasa.gov/mission/webb/",7,{"id":564,"title":565,"url":566,"order":567},131280,"Hubble Space Telescope","https://science.nasa.gov/mission/hubble/",8,{"id":569,"title":570,"url":571,"order":572},131271,"International Space Station","https://www.nasa.gov/international-space-station/",9,{"id":574,"title":575,"url":576,"order":577},131275,"OSIRIS-REx","https://science.nasa.gov/mission/osiris-rex/",10,{"id":579,"title":580,"slug":581,"location":582,"menu_items":583},3854,"Humans in Space","humans-in-space","global-nav-humans-in-space",[584,588,592,596,600,602],{"id":585,"title":586,"url":587,"order":448},52205,"Why Go to Space","https://www.nasa.gov/humans-in-space/why-go-to-space/",{"id":589,"title":590,"url":591,"order":73},52206,"Astronauts","https://www.nasa.gov/humans-in-space/astronauts/",{"id":593,"title":594,"url":595,"order":545},52207,"Commercial Space","https://www.nasa.gov/humans-in-space/commercial-space/",{"id":597,"title":598,"url":599,"order":516},52208,"Destinations","https://www.nasa.gov/humans-in-space/destinations/",{"id":601,"title":548,"url":549,"order":397},52209,{"id":603,"title":604,"url":605,"order":469},52210,"Living in Space","https://www.nasa.gov/humans-in-space/living-in-space/",{"id":607,"title":608,"slug":609,"location":610,"menu_items":611},3855,"Earth & Climate","earth-climate","global-nav-earth-climate",[612,616,620,624,628,632,636],{"id":613,"title":614,"url":615,"order":448},114924,"Explore Earth Science","https://science.nasa.gov/earth/explore/",{"id":617,"title":618,"url":619,"order":73},114925,"Climate Change","https://science.nasa.gov/climate-change/",{"id":621,"title":622,"url":623,"order":545},114938,"Earth, Our Planet","https://science.nasa.gov/earth/facts/",{"id":625,"title":626,"url":627,"order":516},114940,"Earth Science in Action","https://science.nasa.gov/earth/in-action/",{"id":629,"title":630,"url":631,"order":397},114999,"Earth Multimedia","https://science.nasa.gov/earth/multimedia/",{"id":633,"title":634,"url":635,"order":469},115011,"Earth Data","https://science.nasa.gov/earth/data/",{"id":637,"title":638,"url":639,"order":562},115015,"Earth Science Researchers","https://science.nasa.gov/earth-science/",{"id":641,"title":642,"slug":643,"location":644,"menu_items":645},3856,"About NASA","about-nasa","global-nav-about-nasa",[646,650,654,658,662,666,670,674,678,682,686],{"id":647,"title":648,"url":649,"order":448},52224,"NASA's Impacts","https://www.nasa.gov/nasa-impacts/",{"id":651,"title":652,"url":653,"order":73},52225,"Centers and Facilities","https://www.nasa.gov/nasa-centers-and-facilities/",{"id":655,"title":656,"url":657,"order":545},52226,"Directorates","https://www.nasa.gov/nasa-directorates/",{"id":659,"title":660,"url":661,"order":516},52227,"Organizations","https://www.nasa.gov/nasa-organization/",{"id":663,"title":664,"url":665,"order":397},52228,"People of NASA","https://www.nasa.gov/people-of-nasa/",{"id":667,"title":668,"url":669,"order":469},52229,"Careers","https://www.nasa.gov/careers/",{"id":671,"title":672,"url":673,"order":562},52230,"Internships","https://www.nasa.gov/learning-resources/nasa-internship-programs/",{"id":675,"title":676,"url":677,"order":567},52231,"Our History","https://www.nasa.gov/history/",{"id":679,"title":680,"url":681,"order":572},114913,"Doing Business with NASA","https://www.nasa.gov/doing-business-with-nasa/",{"id":683,"title":684,"url":685,"order":577},52232,"Get Involved","https://www.nasa.gov/get-involved/",{"id":687,"title":688,"url":689,"order":690},52233,"Contact","https://www.nasa.gov/contact-nasa/",11,{"id":692,"title":693,"slug":694,"location":695,"menu_items":696},3857,"Learning Resources","learning-resources","global-nav-learning-resources",[697,701,705,709,713,717,721],{"id":698,"title":699,"url":700,"order":448},52240,"For Kids and Students","https://www.nasa.gov/learning-resources/for-kids-and-students/",{"id":702,"title":703,"url":704,"order":73},52241,"For Educators","https://www.nasa.gov/learning-resources/for-educators/",{"id":706,"title":707,"url":708,"order":545},52242,"For Colleges and Universities","https://www.nasa.gov/learning-resources/colleges-and-universities/",{"id":710,"title":711,"url":712,"order":516},52243,"For Professionals","https://www.nasa.gov/learning-resources/for-professionals/",{"id":714,"title":715,"url":716,"order":397},114336,"Science for Everyone","https://science.nasa.gov/for-everyone/",{"id":718,"title":719,"url":720,"order":469},52246,"Requests for Exhibits, Artifacts, or Speakers","https://www.nasa.gov/learning-resources/requests-for-exhibits-artifacts-or-speakers/",{"id":722,"title":723,"url":724,"order":562},52247,"STEM Engagement at NASA","https://www.nasa.gov/learning-resources/stem-engagement-at-nasa/",{"id":726,"title":727,"slug":728,"location":729,"menu_items":730},3858,"Aeronautics","aeronautics","global-nav-aeronautics",[731,735,739,743,747,751,755],{"id":732,"title":733,"url":734,"order":448},52249,"Science in the Air","https://www.nasa.gov/aeronautics/science-in-the-air/",{"id":736,"title":737,"url":738,"order":73},52250,"NASA Aircraft","https://www.nasa.gov/aeronautics/aircraft/",{"id":740,"title":741,"url":742,"order":545},52251,"Flight Innovation","https://www.nasa.gov/aeronautics/flight-innovation/",{"id":744,"title":745,"url":746,"order":516},52252,"Supersonic Flight","https://www.nasa.gov/aeronautics/supersonic-flight/",{"id":748,"title":749,"url":750,"order":397},52253,"Air Traffic Solutions","https://www.nasa.gov/aeronautics/air-traffic-solutions/",{"id":752,"title":753,"url":754,"order":469},52254,"Green Aviation Tech","https://www.nasa.gov/aeronautics/green-aero-tech/",{"id":756,"title":757,"url":758,"order":562},52255,"Drones & You","https://www.nasa.gov/aeronautics/drones-and-you/",{"id":760,"title":761,"slug":762,"location":763,"menu_items":764},3859,"Technology","technology","global-nav-technology",[765,769,773,777,781,785,789],{"id":766,"title":767,"url":768,"order":448},52256,"Technology Transfer & Spinoffs","https://www.nasa.gov/technology-transfer-spinoffs/",{"id":770,"title":771,"url":772,"order":73},52257,"Space Travel Technology","https://www.nasa.gov/space-travel-technology/",{"id":774,"title":775,"url":776,"order":545},52258,"Technology Living in Space","https://www.nasa.gov/space-living-technology/",{"id":778,"title":779,"url":780,"order":516},52259,"Manufacturing and Materials","https://www.nasa.gov/manufacturing-and-materials/",{"id":782,"title":783,"url":784,"order":397},52260,"Robotics","https://www.nasa.gov/robotics/",{"id":786,"title":787,"url":788,"order":469},52261,"Science Instruments","https://www.nasa.gov/science-instruments/",{"id":790,"title":791,"url":792,"order":562},52262,"Computing","https://www.nasa.gov/computing/",{"id":794,"title":52,"slug":795,"location":796,"menu_items":797},3860,"the-universe","global-nav-universe",[798,800,804,806,808,810,814],{"id":799,"title":188,"url":190,"order":448},52263,{"id":801,"title":802,"url":803,"order":73},108346,"The Search for Life in the Universe","https://science.nasa.gov/universe/search-for-life/",{"id":805,"title":166,"url":172,"order":545},52265,{"id":807,"title":8,"url":39,"order":516},52266,{"id":809,"title":145,"url":151,"order":397},52267,{"id":811,"title":812,"url":813,"order":469},52268,"The Big Bang","https://science.nasa.gov/universe/the-big-bang/",{"id":815,"title":816,"url":817,"order":562},52269,"Dark Matter & Dark Energy","https://science.nasa.gov/universe/dark-matter-dark-energy/",{"id":819,"title":820,"slug":821,"location":822,"menu_items":823},3861,"The Solar System","the-solar-system","global-nav-solar-system",[824,828,832,836,840,844,848,852,856,860,864,868,873,878,883],{"id":825,"title":826,"url":827,"order":448},52270,"The Sun","https://science.nasa.gov/sun/",{"id":829,"title":830,"url":831,"order":73},52271,"Mercury","https://science.nasa.gov/mercury/",{"id":833,"title":834,"url":835,"order":545},52272,"Venus","https://science.nasa.gov/venus/",{"id":837,"title":838,"url":839,"order":516},113728,"Earth","https://science.nasa.gov/earth/",{"id":841,"title":842,"url":843,"order":397},52274,"The Moon","https://science.nasa.gov/moon/",{"id":845,"title":846,"url":847,"order":469},52275,"Mars","https://science.nasa.gov/mars/",{"id":849,"title":850,"url":851,"order":562},52276,"Jupiter","https://science.nasa.gov/jupiter/",{"id":853,"title":854,"url":855,"order":567},52277,"Saturn","https://science.nasa.gov/saturn/",{"id":857,"title":858,"url":859,"order":572},52278,"Uranus","https://science.nasa.gov/uranus/",{"id":861,"title":862,"url":863,"order":577},52279,"Neptune","https://science.nasa.gov/neptune/",{"id":865,"title":866,"url":867,"order":690},108345,"Pluto & Dwarf Planets","https://science.nasa.gov/dwarf-planets/",{"id":869,"title":870,"url":871,"order":872},52281,"Asteroids, Comets & Meteors","https://science.nasa.gov/asteroids-comets-meteors/",12,{"id":874,"title":875,"url":876,"order":877},112851,"The Kuiper Belt","https://science.nasa.gov/solar-system/kuiper-belt/",13,{"id":879,"title":880,"url":881,"order":882},112863,"The Oort Cloud","https://science.nasa.gov/solar-system/oort-cloud/",14,{"id":884,"title":885,"url":886,"order":887},52282,"Skywatching","https://science.nasa.gov/skywatching/",15,{"id":889,"title":890,"slug":891,"location":892,"menu_items":893},4437,"Español","espanol","global-nav-espanol",[894,898,902,906,910],{"id":895,"title":896,"url":897,"order":448},112664,"Ciencia","https://ciencia.nasa.gov/",{"id":899,"title":900,"url":901,"order":73},112675,"Aeronáutica","https://www.nasa.gov/espanol/aeronautica-en-espanol/",{"id":903,"title":904,"url":905,"order":545},112683,"Ciencias Terrestres","https://ciencia.nasa.gov/tierra",{"id":907,"title":908,"url":909,"order":516},112687,"Sistema Solar","https://ciencia.nasa.gov/sistema-solar",{"id":911,"title":912,"url":913,"order":397},112691,"Universo","https://ciencia.nasa.gov/universo",{"id":915,"title":916,"slug":917,"location":918,"menu_items":919},4905,"Science","science","global-nav-science",[920,923,927,930,934,938,942,946,950,954],{"id":921,"title":922,"url":639,"order":448},215635,"Earth Science",{"id":924,"title":925,"url":926,"order":73},215647,"Planetary Science","https://science.nasa.gov/planetary-science/",{"id":928,"title":929,"url":35,"order":545},215649,"Astrophysics & Space Science",{"id":931,"title":932,"url":933,"order":516},215656,"The Sun & Heliophysics","https://science.nasa.gov/heliophysics/",{"id":935,"title":936,"url":937,"order":397},215661,"Biological & Physical Sciences","https://science.nasa.gov/biological-physical/",{"id":939,"title":940,"url":941,"order":469},215663,"Lunar Science","https://science.nasa.gov/lunar-science/",{"id":943,"title":944,"url":945,"order":562},215668,"Citizen Science","https://science.nasa.gov/citizen-science/",{"id":947,"title":948,"url":949,"order":567},215671,"Astromaterials","https://science.nasa.gov/astromaterials/",{"id":951,"title":952,"url":953,"order":572},215677,"Aeronautics Research","https://www.nasa.gov/aeronautics-research/",{"id":955,"title":956,"url":957,"order":577},215679,"Human Space Travel Research","https://www.nasa.gov/human-space-travel-research/",{"$sicons":959},{"uil:facebook-f":960,"fa6-brands:instagram":963,"fa6-brands:x-twitter":967,"bxl:youtube":969},{"left":102,"top":102,"width":961,"height":961,"rotate":102,"vFlip":27,"hFlip":27,"body":962},24,"\u003Cpath fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M15.12 5.32H17V2.14A26 26 0 0 0 14.26 2c-2.72 0-4.58 1.66-4.58 4.7v2.62H6.61v3.56h3.07V22h3.68v-9.12h3.06l.46-3.56h-3.52V7.05c0-1.05.28-1.73 1.76-1.73\"/>",{"left":102,"top":102,"width":964,"height":965,"rotate":102,"vFlip":27,"hFlip":27,"body":966},448,512,"\u003Cpath fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M224.1 141c-63.6 0-114.9 51.3-114.9 114.9s51.3 114.9 114.9 114.9S339 319.5 339 255.9S287.7 141 224.1 141m0 189.6c-41.1 0-74.7-33.5-74.7-74.7s33.5-74.7 74.7-74.7s74.7 33.5 74.7 74.7s-33.6 74.7-74.7 74.7m146.4-194.3c0 14.9-12 26.8-26.8 26.8c-14.9 0-26.8-12-26.8-26.8s12-26.8 26.8-26.8s26.8 12 26.8 26.8m76.1 27.2c-1.7-35.9-9.9-67.7-36.2-93.9c-26.2-26.2-58-34.4-93.9-36.2c-37-2.1-147.9-2.1-184.9 0c-35.8 1.7-67.6 9.9-93.9 36.1s-34.4 58-36.2 93.9c-2.1 37-2.1 147.9 0 184.9c1.7 35.9 9.9 67.7 36.2 93.9s58 34.4 93.9 36.2c37 2.1 147.9 2.1 184.9 0c35.9-1.7 67.7-9.9 93.9-36.2c26.2-26.2 34.4-58 36.2-93.9c2.1-37 2.1-147.8 0-184.8M398.8 388c-7.8 19.6-22.9 34.7-42.6 42.6c-29.5 11.7-99.5 9-132.1 9s-102.7 2.6-132.1-9c-19.6-7.8-34.7-22.9-42.6-42.6c-11.7-29.5-9-99.5-9-132.1s-2.6-102.7 9-132.1c7.8-19.6 22.9-34.7 42.6-42.6c29.5-11.7 99.5-9 132.1-9s102.7-2.6 132.1 9c19.6 7.8 34.7 22.9 42.6 42.6c11.7 29.5 9 99.5 9 132.1s2.7 102.7-9 132.1\"/>",{"left":102,"top":102,"width":965,"height":965,"rotate":102,"vFlip":27,"hFlip":27,"body":968},"\u003Cpath fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M389.2 48h70.6L305.6 224.2L487 464H345L233.7 318.6L106.5 464H35.8l164.9-188.5L26.8 48h145.6l100.5 132.9zm-24.8 373.8h39.1L151.1 88h-42z\"/>",{"left":102,"top":102,"width":961,"height":961,"rotate":102,"vFlip":27,"hFlip":27,"body":970},"\u003Cpath fill=\"currentColor\" d=\"M21.593 7.203a2.5 2.5 0 0 0-1.762-1.766C18.265 5.007 12 5 12 5s-6.264-.007-7.831.404a2.56 2.56 0 0 0-1.766 1.778c-.413 1.566-.417 4.814-.417 4.814s-.004 3.264.406 4.814c.23.857.905 1.534 1.763 1.765c1.582.43 7.83.437 7.83.437s6.265.007 7.831-.403a2.52 2.52 0 0 0 1.767-1.763c.414-1.565.417-4.812.417-4.812s.02-3.265-.407-4.831M9.996 15.005l.005-6l5.207 3.005z\"/>",["Set"],{"qPjc36dTwh":26,"tPoN58zXc8":26,"L1SOwoJ3rr":26,"tAFcReNkzA":26,"AWUXVp57yf":26},"/universe/galaxies/",{"data":975},{"responseType":4,"responseValue":5}]</script> <script>window.__NUXT__={};window.__NUXT__.config={public:{ENVIRONMENT:"production",SITENAME:"nasa-smd",SMD_WP:"https://smd-cms.nasa.gov",SMD_FRONTEND:"https://science.nasa.gov",FRONTEND:"https://science.nasa.gov",BACKEND:"https://smd-cms.nasa.gov",NASA:"https://www.nasa.gov",NASAPLUS:"https://plus.nasa.gov",SITELANG:"en-US",PARSELY_ID:"science.nasa.gov",FED_ANALYTICS_AGENCY:"NASA",GOOGLE_ANALYTICS_ID:"G-3MLXXCVWWY",FED_ANALYTICS_SUBAGENCY:"GSFC",gtag:{enabled:true,id:"G-3MLXXCVWWY",initCommands:[],config:{},tags:[],loadingStrategy:"defer",url:"https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtag/js"}},app:{baseURL:"/",buildAssetsDir:"/_nuxt/",cdnURL:""}}</script> <script> // Verint Embed Script v2.01 ;(function (g) { var d = document, am = d.createElement('script'), h = d.head || d.getElementsByTagName("head")[0], fsr = 'fsReady', aex = { "src": "//eex-gateway.fr011.ttecfed.com/sites/nasa-gov/production/gateway.min.js", "type": "text/javascript", "async": "true", "data-vendor": "fs", "data-role": "gateway" }; for (var attr in aex) { am.setAttribute(attr, aex[attr]); } h.appendChild(am); g[fsr] || (g[fsr] = function () { var aT = '__' + fsr + '_stk__'; g[aT] = g[aT] || []; g[aT].push(arguments); }); })(window); </script></body></html>