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<a class="vector-toc-link" href="#New_Zealand"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3</span> <span>New Zealand</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-New_Zealand-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Canada" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Canada"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.4</span> <span>Canada</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Canada-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Modern_journeyman" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Modern_journeyman"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Modern journeyman</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Modern_journeyman-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Further_reading" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Further_reading"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Further reading</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Further_reading-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " 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Available in 29 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-29" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">29 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%84%D0%B0" title="Калфа – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Калфа" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bar mw-list-item"><a href="https://bar.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gsej" title="Gsej – Bavarian" lang="bar" hreflang="bar" data-title="Gsej" data-language-autonym="Boarisch" data-language-local-name="Bavarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Boarisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oficial_(ofici)" title="Oficial (ofici) – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Oficial (ofici)" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tovary%C5%A1" title="Tovaryš – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Tovaryš" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Svend_(stilling)" title="Svend (stilling) – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Svend (stilling)" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geselle" title="Geselle – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Geselle" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sell" title="Sell – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Sell" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A4%CE%B5%CF%87%CE%BD%CE%AF%CF%84%CE%B7%CF%82" title="Τεχνίτης – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Τεχνίτης" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oficial_(oficio)" title="Oficial (oficio) – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Oficial (oficio)" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%A7%81%EC%9D%B8" title="직인 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="직인" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B5%D5%B6%D5%A9%D5%A1%D5%BE%D5%A1%D6%80%D5%BA%D5%A5%D5%BF" title="Ենթավարպետ – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Ենթավարպետ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frentar" title="Frentar – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Frentar" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sveinn_(i%C3%B0na%C3%B0arma%C3%B0ur)" title="Sveinn (iðnaðarmaður) – Icelandic" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Sveinn (iðnaðarmaður)" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Icelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D3%99%D1%81%D1%96%D0%BF%D1%82%D1%96%D0%BA_%D0%B1%D1%96%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%BC" title="Кәсіптік білім – Kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Кәсіптік білім" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zellis" title="Zellis – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Zellis" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pameistrys" title="Pameistrys – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Pameistrys" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/C%C3%A9hleg%C3%A9ny" title="Céhlegény – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Céhlegény" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gezel" title="Gezel – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Gezel" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%B8%E3%83%A3%E3%83%BC%E3%83%8B%E3%83%BC%E3%83%9E%E3%83%B3_(%E5%BE%92%E5%BC%9F%E5%88%B6%E5%BA%A6)" title="ジャーニーマン (徒弟制度) – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ジャーニーマン (徒弟制度)" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Svenn" title="Svenn – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Svenn" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Czeladnik" title="Czeladnik – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Czeladnik" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt badge-Q70893996 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Companheiro_(ma%C3%A7onaria)" title="Companheiro (maçonaria) – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Companheiro (maçonaria)" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Calf%C4%83" title="Calfă – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Calfă" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%8C%D0%B5" title="Подмастерье – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Подмастерье" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%84%D0%B0" title="Калфа – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Калфа" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kis%C3%A4lli" title="Kisälli – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Kisälli" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ges%C3%A4ll" title="Gesäll – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Gesäll" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%96%D0%B4%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%B9%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80" title="Підмайстер – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Підмайстер" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%86%9F%E7%B7%B4%E5%B7%A5" title="熟練工 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="熟練工" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q582096#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul 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</div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Skilled worker who has successfully completed an official apprenticeship</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">For other uses, see <a href="/wiki/Journeyman_(disambiguation)" class="mw-disambig" title="Journeyman (disambiguation)">Journeyman (disambiguation)</a>.</div> <p> A <b>journeyman</b> is a worker, skilled in a given <a href="/wiki/List_of_construction_trades" title="List of construction trades">building trade</a> or <a href="/wiki/Craft" title="Craft">craft</a>, who has successfully completed an official <a href="/wiki/Apprenticeship" title="Apprenticeship">apprenticeship</a> qualification. Journeymen are considered competent and authorized to work in that field as a fully qualified employee. They earn their license by education, supervised experience and examination.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Although journeymen have completed a trade certificate and are allowed to work as employees, they may not yet work as self-employed <a href="/wiki/Master_craftsman" title="Master craftsman">master craftsmen</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The term "journeyman" was originally used in the medieval trade <a href="/wiki/Guilds" class="mw-redirect" title="Guilds">guilds</a>. Journeymen were paid daily and the word "journey" is derived from <i>journée</i>, meaning "whole day" in <a href="/wiki/French_language" title="French language">French</a>. Each individual guild generally recognised three ranks of workers: apprentices, journeymen, and masters. A journeyman, as a qualified tradesman, could become a master and run their own business, but most continued working as employees.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Guidelines were put in place to promote responsible tradesmen, who were held accountable for their own work and to protect the individual trade and the general public from unskilled workers. To become a master, a journeyman has to submit a master piece of work to a guild for evaluation. Only after evaluation can a journeyman be admitted to the guild as a master.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Sometimes, a journeyman was required to accomplish a three-year working trip, which may be called the <a href="/wiki/Journeyman_years" title="Journeyman years">journeyman years</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Origin">Origin</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Journeyman&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Origin"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Zwei_wandernde_Gesellen,_2006.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8d/Zwei_wandernde_Gesellen%2C_2006.jpg/220px-Zwei_wandernde_Gesellen%2C_2006.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="318" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8d/Zwei_wandernde_Gesellen%2C_2006.jpg/330px-Zwei_wandernde_Gesellen%2C_2006.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8d/Zwei_wandernde_Gesellen%2C_2006.jpg/440px-Zwei_wandernde_Gesellen%2C_2006.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1324" data-file-height="1916" /></a><figcaption>German journeymen in traditional uniform during <a href="/wiki/Journeyman_years" title="Journeyman years">journeyman years</a> </figcaption></figure> <p>The word <i>journey</i> comes from the French <i>journée</i> (day), which in turn comes from the <a href="/wiki/Latin" title="Latin">Latin</a> <i>diurnus</i> (pertaining to a day, daily). The title "journeyman" refers to the right to charge a fee for each day's work. A journeyman has completed an apprenticeship but is employed by another<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> such as a <a href="/wiki/Master_craftsman" title="Master craftsman">master craftsman</a>, but they would live apart and might have a family of their own. A journeyman could not employ others. In contrast, an <a href="/wiki/Apprentice" class="mw-redirect" title="Apprentice">apprentice</a> would be bound to a master, usually for a fixed term of seven years, and lived with the master as a member of the household, receiving most or all compensation in the form of food, lodging, and training.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (January 2023)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>In parts of Europe, as in Late Medieval <a href="/wiki/Germany" title="Germany">Germany</a>, spending time as a wandering journeyman (<i>Wandergeselle</i>),<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> moving from one town to another to gain experience of different workshops, was an important part of the training of an aspirant master. <a href="/wiki/Carpentry" title="Carpentry">Carpenters</a> and other <a href="/wiki/Artisans" class="mw-redirect" title="Artisans">artisans</a> in German-speaking countries have retained the tradition of traveling journeymen even today,<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> but only a few still practice it. In <a href="/wiki/France" title="France">France</a>, journeymen were known as <a href="/wiki/Compagnons_du_Tour_de_France" class="mw-redirect" title="Compagnons du Tour de France">compagnons</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Modern_era">Modern era</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Journeyman&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Modern era"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1251242444">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left:10px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.5em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.5em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image-div{width:52px}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0 10%}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .ambox{display:none!important}}</style><table class="box-Off_topic plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/b4/Ambox_important.svg/40px-Ambox_important.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/b4/Ambox_important.svg/60px-Ambox_important.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/b4/Ambox_important.svg/80px-Ambox_important.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="40" data-file-height="40" /></span></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This section <b>may contain material <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Guide_to_writing_better_articles#Stay_on_topic" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:Guide to writing better articles">not related to the topic of the article</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Journeyman&action=edit">improve this section</a> or discuss this issue on the <a href="/wiki/Talk:Journeyman#Material_not_related_to_the_topic_of_the_article_(Section_"Modern_era")" title="Talk:Journeyman">talk page</a>.</span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">July 2024</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>In modern apprenticeship systems, a journeyman has a trades certificate to show the required completion of an apprenticeship. In many countries, it is the highest formal rank, as that of master has been eliminated, and they may perform all tasks of the trade in the area certified as well as supervise apprentices and become self-employed. </p><p>The modern apprenticeship system aims to build skills by on-the-job training. An apprentice is able to earn a living while learning new skills. The working environment is closely linked to the employer, giving the individual company the opportunity to shape the apprentice, within the guidelines, to suit particular requirements. Quite often, a strong working relationship is built between employee and employer.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In Germany, however, master craftsmen, after they complete their apprenticeships, are required to take part-time courses that last three to four years or full-time courses that last one year. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="United_States">United States</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Journeyman&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: United States"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1251242444"><table class="box-Unreferenced_section plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Unreferenced" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Question_book-new.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/50px-Question_book-new.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/75px-Question_book-new.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/100px-Question_book-new.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="399" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This section <b>does not <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources">cite</a> any <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">sources</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help <a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Journeyman" title="Special:EditPage/Journeyman">improve this section</a> by <a href="/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners" title="Help:Referencing for beginners">adding citations to reliable sources</a>. Unsourced material may be challenged and <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability#Burden_of_evidence" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">removed</a>.</span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">October 2020</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>In the <a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a>, employment in some building trades, such as an electrician, carpenter, plumber, machinist, and <a href="/w/index.php?title=HVAC_mechanic&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="HVAC mechanic (page does not exist)">HVAC mechanic</a>, usually requires holding state or local (city or county) license as a journeyman or master.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The license certifies that the craftsman has met the requirements of time in the field (usually a minimum of 8,000 hours) and time in an approved classroom setting (usually 700 hours). A journeyman has the responsibility of supervising workers of lesser experience and training them and has the qualifications (knowledge and skills) to work unsupervised himself. A journeyman is commonly expected to have a wide range of experience, covering most fields of their trade. For example, a non-journeyman worker of some 20 or 30 years' experience may have most or all of their experience in only residential, commercial, or industrial applications.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (March 2023)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> A journeyman, however, has a broad field of experience in residential, commercial, and industrial applications.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (March 2023)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Australia">Australia</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Journeyman&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Australia"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In <a href="/wiki/Australia" title="Australia">Australia</a>, a journeyman registration allows the permit holder to work under the general direction of an advanced <a href="/wiki/Tradesman" class="mw-redirect" title="Tradesman">tradesman</a>. A journeyman may oversee the work of apprentices and trades assistants but may not contract for work using that particular registration. A journeyman level qualification is obtained by completing a formal <a href="/wiki/Apprenticeship" title="Apprenticeship">apprenticeship</a>. An apprenticeship is learning a skilled trade under the supervision of an advanced tradesperson.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> An apprentice is a trainee who is becoming formally trained and qualified in a particular type of trade. The duration of an apprenticeship is usually three to four years, depending on the individual trade. On completion of the training the apprentice will receive a nationally recognised qualification, a trade certificate. Practical on-the-job learning makes up the majority of an apprenticeship, but it also incorporates some classroom learning. As of 2016 apprenticeships offered real-life experience in the workplace, a regular income and new skills.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Examples of licensed trades are plumbers and <a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/gasfitter" class="extiw" title="wikt:gasfitter">gasfitter</a>s, <a href="/wiki/Electrician" title="Electrician">electricians</a>, air-conditioning and refrigeration mechanics and carpenters and joiners.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="New_Zealand">New Zealand</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Journeyman&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: New Zealand"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In <a href="/wiki/New_Zealand" title="New Zealand">New Zealand</a> the Journeyman class recognizes that a person has had formal training in a trade and allows them to register and be licensed as a journeyman in that trade. While they are considered fully trained, their level of skill is considered intermediate. A journeyman is required to work under supervision from a fully qualified tradesman. An apprentice is eligible for Journeyman registration after they have completed the New Zealand National Certificate (Level 4) in Plumbing, Gasfitting or Drainlaying but haven’t yet passed the relevant registration theory examination. A candidate must apply formally to the Plumbers, Gasfitters and Drainlayers Board.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A journeyman cannot be a business owner or manage employees but is expected to do service calls in coordination with and at the behest of the master tradesman. They may also work independently when their skill level permits.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Canada">Canada</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Journeyman&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Canada"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In <a href="/wiki/Canada" title="Canada">Canada</a>, in addition to completion of <a href="/wiki/Apprenticeship" title="Apprenticeship">Apprenticeship</a> in a Skilled Trade, the worker may also choose to write an exam to be recognized throughout the country via the Interprovincial Standards <a href="/wiki/Red_Seal_Program" title="Red Seal Program">Red Seal Program</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Modern_journeyman">Modern journeyman</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Journeyman&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Modern journeyman"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The <i>modern journeyman</i> is a term for the many paths of <a href="/wiki/Adult_education" title="Adult education">adult education</a> and can be used to describe life's process of continual learning. Although the term <i>journeyman</i> is typically traditional, <i>modern journeyman</i> is also used to refer to current concepts of adult education: <i>life-long learning</i>, <i>up-skilling</i>, <i>the knowledge wave</i> and <i>modern apprenticeships</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In <a href="/wiki/American_English" title="American English">American English</a>, a <b>journeyman</b> is an <a href="/wiki/Athlete" title="Athlete">athlete</a> or employee in general who is technically competent but unable to excel.<sup id="cite_ref-Allred_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Allred-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The term is used elsewhere, such as in <a href="/wiki/British_English" title="British English">British</a> and <a href="/wiki/Australian_English" title="Australian English">Australian</a> English, to refer to a professional sportsman who plays for numerous clubs during their career without becoming a staple of any one club.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Journeyman&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Air_Force_Occupational_Badge" class="mw-redirect" title="Air Force Occupational Badge">Air Force Occupational Badge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Compagnons_du_Tour_de_France" class="mw-redirect" title="Compagnons du Tour de France">Compagnons du Tour de France</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Journeyman_papers" title="Journeyman papers">Journeyman papers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Journeyman_years" title="Journeyman years">Journeyman years</a> (Waltz)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Journeyman_(boxing)" class="mw-redirect" title="Journeyman (boxing)">Journeyman (boxing)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tradesperson" title="Tradesperson">Tradesperson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vocational_education" title="Vocational education">Vocational education</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Journeyman&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/George_Sand" title="George Sand">George Sand</a>: <i>The journeyman joiner or The Compagnon of the tour de France.</i> 1847 (in French: Le Compagnon du tour de France, 1840)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Journeyman&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Journeyman. (2006). In C. Harris (Ed.), Dictionary of architecture and construction. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill. Retrieved from =<a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://search.credoreference.com/content/entry/mhbuilding/">http://search.credoreference.com/content/entry/mhbuilding/</a> /0</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/journeyman">"Definition of JOURNEYMAN"</a>. <i>www.merriam-webster.com</i>. 2024-06-05<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2024-06-05</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.merriam-webster.com&rft.atitle=Definition+of+JOURNEYMAN&rft.date=2024-06-05&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.merriam-webster.com%2Fdictionary%2Fjourneyman&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJourneyman" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Journeyman. (2013). In G. Kurian, The AMA Dictionary of business and management. New York, NY: AMACOM, Publishing Division of the American Management Association. Retrieved from <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://search.credoreference.com/content/entry/amadictbm/journeyman/0">http://search.credoreference.com/content/entry/amadictbm/journeyman/0</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.indeed.com/career-advice/finding-a-job/apprentice-vs-journeyman">"Apprentice vs. Journeyman Workers: What's the Difference?"</a>. <i>Indeed</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Indeed&rft.atitle=Apprentice+vs.+Journeyman+Workers%3A+What%27s+the+Difference%3F&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.indeed.com%2Fcareer-advice%2Ffinding-a-job%2Fapprentice-vs-journeyman&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJourneyman" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Journeyman. (2015). In <i>The Hutchinson unabridged encyclopedia with atlas and weather guide</i>. Abington, United Kingdom: Helicon. Retrieved from <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://search.credoreference.com/content/entry/heliconhe/journeyman/0">http://search.credoreference.com/content/entry/heliconhe/journeyman/0</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Salt, L. E., & Sinclair, R. (Eds.). (1957). Oxford junior encyclodaedia: Industry and commerce (Vol. VII). London: Oxford University Press.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">"Journeyman" def. 1. Oxford English Dictionary Second Edition on CD-ROM (v. 4.0), <a href="/wiki/Oxford_University_Press" title="Oxford University Press">Oxford University Press</a>, 2009</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Dicke, Hugo, and Hans H. Glismann. <i>Vocational Training in Germany</i>. Kiel: Institut für Weltwirtschaft, 1994. page 34. Print.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2017/08/07/world/europe/europe-journeymen.html">Europe journeymen</a> NYTimes, August 8, 2017</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Cassels, J. (2001). Modern Apprenticeships: the way to work, The Report of the Modern Apprenticeship Advisory Committee. Retrieved from <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://dera.ioe.ac.uk/id/eprint/6323">http://dera.ioe.ac.uk/id/eprint/6323</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200925002012/https://www.plumberstraininginstitute.com/georgia/journeyman-plumber-faq/">"Georgia Journeyman Plumber FAQ | Plumbers Training Institute"</a>. <i>www.plumberstraininginstitute.com</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.plumberstraininginstitute.com/georgia/journeyman-plumber-faq/">the original</a> on 2020-09-25.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.plumberstraininginstitute.com&rft.atitle=Georgia+Journeyman+Plumber+FAQ+%7C+Plumbers+Training+Institute&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.plumberstraininginstitute.com%2Fgeorgia%2Fjourneyman-plumber-faq%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJourneyman" class="Z3988"></span> </span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Northern Territory Government. (2016). Journeyman registration. Retrieved from <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://www.plumberslicensing.nt.gov.au/licensing#journey">http://www.plumberslicensing.nt.gov.au/licensing#journey</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Work Ready. (2016). What is an apprenticeship or traineeship? 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Retrieved from <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://www.licencerecognition.gov.au/About/Pages/default.aspx">http://www.licencerecognition.gov.au/About/Pages/default.aspx</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.pgdb.co.nz/apply_for_registration/journeyman/">"Plumbers, Gasfitters, and Drainlayers Board"</a>. <i>www.pgdb.co.nz</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2024-02-29</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.pgdb.co.nz&rft.atitle=Plumbers%2C+Gasfitters%2C+and+Drainlayers+Board&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.pgdb.co.nz%2Fapply_for_registration%2Fjourneyman%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJourneyman" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.payscale.com/research/NZ/Job=Journeyman_Plumber/Hourly_Rate">"Journeyman Plumber Hourly Pay in New Zealand in 2024 | PayScale"</a>. <i>www.payscale.com</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">3 October</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Interprovincial+Standards+Red+Seal+Program&rft.atitle=Red+Seal+Program&rft.date=2018-03-23&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.red-seal.ca%2Feng%2Fabout%2Fpr.4gr.1m.shtml&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJourneyman" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Emms, M. (2005). The modern journeyman: Influences and controls of apprentice-style learning in culinary education. Retrieved from <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://aut.researchgateway.ac.nz/bitstream/handle/10292/85/EmmsS.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y">https://aut.researchgateway.ac.nz/bitstream/handle/10292/85/EmmsS.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170520155849/http://aut.researchgateway.ac.nz/bitstream/handle/10292/85/EmmsS.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y">Archived</a> 2017-05-20 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Allred-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Allred_19-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAlexandra_Powe_Allred2003" class="citation book cs1">Alexandra Powe Allred (2003). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/attagirlcelebrat00allr/page/99"><i>Atta Girl!: A Celebration of Women in Sport</i></a>. Wish Publishing. p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/attagirlcelebrat00allr/page/99">99</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-930546-61-0" title="Special:BookSources/1-930546-61-0"><bdi>1-930546-61-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Atta+Girl%21%3A+A+Celebration+of+Women+in+Sport&rft.pages=99&rft.pub=Wish+Publishing&rft.date=2003&rft.isbn=1-930546-61-0&rft.au=Alexandra+Powe+Allred&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fattagirlcelebrat00allr%2Fpage%2F99&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJourneyman" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://gazzettaworld.gazzetta.it/features/roma-totti-journeyman-toni/">"Roma captain's loyalty contrasts journeyman Toni"</a>. <i>Gazzetta dello Sport</i>. 22 March 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Gazzetta+dello+Sport&rft.atitle=Roma+captain%27s+loyalty+contrasts+journeyman+Toni&rft.date=2015-03-22&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fgazzettaworld.gazzetta.it%2Ffeatures%2Froma-totti-journeyman-toni%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJourneyman" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Journeyman&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style 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