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class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.pin">mou a la barra lateral</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.unpin">amaga</button> </div> <div id="p-navigation" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-navigation" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Navegació </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-mainpage-description" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Portada" title="Visiteu la pàgina principal [z]" accesskey="z"><span>Portada</span></a></li><li id="n-randompage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Especial:Article_aleatori" title="Carrega una pàgina a l’atzar [x]" accesskey="x"><span>Article a l'atzar</span></a></li><li id="n-Articles-de-qualitat" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Viquip%C3%A8dia:Articles_de_qualitat"><span>Articles de qualitat</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-Comunitat" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-Comunitat" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Comunitat </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-portal" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Viquip%C3%A8dia:Portal" title="Sobre el projecte, què podeu fer, on trobareu les coses"><span>Portal viquipedista</span></a></li><li id="n-Agenda-d'actes" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Viquip%C3%A8dia:Trobades"><span>Agenda d'actes</span></a></li><li id="n-recentchanges" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Especial:Canvis_recents" title="Una llista dels canvis recents al wiki [r]" accesskey="r"><span>Canvis recents</span></a></li><li id="n-La-taverna" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Viquip%C3%A8dia:La_taverna"><span>La taverna</span></a></li><li id="n-contactpage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Viquip%C3%A8dia:Contacte"><span>Contacte</span></a></li><li id="n-Xat" 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class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_ca.wikipedia.org&uselang=ca" class=""><span>Donatius</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Especial:Crea_compte&returnto=Positivisme" title="Us animem a crear un compte i iniciar una sessió, encara que no és obligatori" class=""><span>Crea un compte</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Especial:Registre_i_entrada&returnto=Positivisme" title="Us animem a registrar-vos, però no és obligatori [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Inicia la sessió</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Més opcions" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Eines personals" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Eines personals</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="Menú d'usuari" > <div 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[n]" accesskey="n"><span>Discussió per aquest IP</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Lloc"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Contingut" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Contingut</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">mou a la barra lateral</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">amaga</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Inici</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Evolució" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Evolució"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Evolució</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Evolució-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Positivisme_lògic" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Positivisme_lògic"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Positivisme lògic</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Positivisme_lògic-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Enllaços_externs" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Enllaços_externs"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Enllaços externs</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Enllaços_externs-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contingut" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Commuta la taula de continguts." > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Commuta la taula de continguts.</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Positivisme</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Vés a un article en una altra llengua. Disponible en 77 llengües" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-77" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">77 llengües</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Positivismus" title="Positivismus - alemany suís" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Positivismus" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="alemany suís" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%88%D8%B6%D8%B9%D9%8A%D8%A9" title="وضعية - àrab" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="وضعية" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="àrab" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Positivismu" title="Positivismu - asturià" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Positivismu" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="asturià" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pozitivizm" title="Pozitivizm - azerbaidjanès" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Pozitivizm" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="azerbaidjanès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D0%B7%D1%96%D1%82%D1%8B%D0%B2%D1%96%D0%B7%D0%BC" title="Пазітывізм - belarús" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Пазітывізм" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="belarús" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%B7%D1%8A%D0%BC" title="Позитивизъм - búlgar" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Позитивизъм" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="búlgar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soliadouriezh" title="Soliadouriezh - bretó" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Soliadouriezh" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="bretó" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pozitivizam" title="Pozitivizam - bosnià" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Pozitivizam" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="bosnià" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pozitivismus" title="Pozitivismus - txec" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Pozitivismus" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="txec" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Positifiaeth" title="Positifiaeth - gal·lès" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Positifiaeth" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="gal·lès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Positivisme_(litteratur)" title="Positivisme (litteratur) - danès" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Positivisme (litteratur)" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="danès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Positivismus" title="Positivismus - alemany" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Positivismus" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="alemany" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%98%CE%B5%CF%84%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%B9%CF%83%CE%BC%CF%8C%CF%82" title="Θετικισμός - grec" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Θετικισμός" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="grec" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Positivism" title="Positivism - anglès" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Positivism" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="anglès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pozitivismo" title="Pozitivismo - esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Pozitivismo" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Positivismo" title="Positivismo - espanyol" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Positivismo" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="espanyol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Positivism" title="Positivism - estonià" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Positivism" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="estonià" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Positibismo" title="Positibismo - basc" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Positibismo" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="basc" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D8%AB%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%AA%E2%80%8C%DA%AF%D8%B1%D8%A7%DB%8C%DB%8C" title="اثبات‌گرایی - persa" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="اثبات‌گرایی" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="persa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Positivismi" title="Positivismi - finès" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Positivismi" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="finès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Positivisme" title="Positivisme - francès" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Positivisme" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="francès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Positivisme" title="Positivisme - frisó occidental" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Positivisme" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="frisó occidental" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Posait%C3%ADbheachas_(feals%C3%BAnacht)" title="Posaitíbheachas (fealsúnacht) - irlandès" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Posaitíbheachas (fealsúnacht)" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="irlandès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Positivismo" title="Positivismo - gallec" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Positivismo" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="gallec" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A4%D7%95%D7%96%D7%99%D7%98%D7%99%D7%91%D7%99%D7%96%D7%9D" title="פוזיטיביזם - hebreu" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="פוזיטיביזם" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="hebreu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%A5%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A6" title="तथ्यवाद - hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="तथ्यवाद" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pozitivizam" title="Pozitivizam - croat" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Pozitivizam" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="croat" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pozitivism" title="Pozitivism - crioll d’Haití" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="Pozitivism" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="crioll d’Haití" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kreyòl ayisyen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pozitivizmus" title="Pozitivizmus - hongarès" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Pozitivizmus" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="hongarès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%8A%D5%B8%D5%A6%D5%AB%D5%BF%D5%AB%D5%BE%D5%AB%D5%A6%D5%B4" title="Պոզիտիվիզմ - armeni" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Պոզիտիվիզմ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="armeni" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Positivismo" title="Positivismo - interlingua" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Positivismo" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="interlingua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Positivisme" title="Positivisme - indonesi" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Positivisme" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indonesi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pozitivismo" title="Pozitivismo - ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Pozitivismo" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Framhyggja" title="Framhyggja - islandès" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Framhyggja" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="islandès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Positivismo" title="Positivismo - italià" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Positivismo" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="italià" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%AE%9F%E8%A8%BC%E4%B8%BB%E7%BE%A9" title="実証主義 - japonès" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="実証主義" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japonès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%9E%E1%83%9D%E1%83%96%E1%83%98%E1%83%A2%E1%83%98%E1%83%95%E1%83%98%E1%83%96%E1%83%9B%E1%83%98" title="პოზიტივიზმი - georgià" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="პოზიტივიზმი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="georgià" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%BC" title="Позитивизм - kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Позитивизм" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%8B%A4%EC%A6%9D%EC%A3%BC%EC%9D%98" title="실증주의 - coreà" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="실증주의" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="coreà" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%BC" title="Позитивизм - kirguís" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Позитивизм" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="kirguís" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Positivismus" title="Positivismus - llatí" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Positivismus" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="llatí" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Positivisme" title="Positivisme - limburguès" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Positivisme" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="limburguès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pozityvizmas" title="Pozityvizmas - lituà" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Pozityvizmas" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="lituà" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pozit%C4%ABvisms" title="Pozitīvisms - letó" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Pozitīvisms" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="letó" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%85%E0%B4%A8%E0%B5%81%E0%B4%AD%E0%B4%B5%E0%B4%B8%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A4%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%B5%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%A6%E0%B4%82" title="അനുഭവസത്താവാദം - malaiàlam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="അനുഭവസത്താവാദം" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="malaiàlam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Positivisme" title="Positivisme - neerlandès" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Positivisme" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="neerlandès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Positivisme" title="Positivisme - noruec bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Positivisme" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="noruec bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Positivisme" title="Positivisme - occità" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Positivisme" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="occità" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%AA%E0%A9%8D%E0%A8%B0%E0%A8%A4%E0%A9%B1%E0%A8%96%E0%A8%B5%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%A6" title="ਪ੍ਰਤੱਖਵਾਦ - panjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਪ੍ਰਤੱਖਵਾਦ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="panjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pozytywizm" title="Pozytywizm - polonès" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Pozytywizm" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="polonès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pms mw-list-item"><a href="https://pms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Positivism" title="Positivism - piemontès" lang="pms" hreflang="pms" data-title="Positivism" data-language-autonym="Piemontèis" data-language-local-name="piemontès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Piemontèis</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%BE%D9%88%D8%B2%DB%8C%D9%BC%D9%88%DB%8C%D8%B2%D9%85_(%D9%85%D8%AB%D8%A8%D8%AA_%D9%BE%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%86%D9%87)" title="پوزیټویزم (مثبت پالنه) - paixtu" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="پوزیټویزم (مثبت پالنه)" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="paixtu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Positivismo" title="Positivismo - portuguès" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Positivismo" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portuguès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pozitivism" title="Pozitivism - romanès" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Pozitivism" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="romanès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%BC" title="Позитивизм - rus" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Позитивизм" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="rus" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Positivism" title="Positivism - escocès" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Positivism" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="escocès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D8%AB%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%AA%D9%8A%D8%AA" title="اثباتيت - sindi" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="اثباتيت" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="sindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سنڌي</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pozitivizam" title="Pozitivizam - serbocroat" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Pozitivizam" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="serbocroat" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Positivism" title="Positivism - Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Positivism" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pozitivizmus" title="Pozitivizmus - eslovac" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Pozitivizmus" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="eslovac" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pozitivizem" title="Pozitivizem - eslovè" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Pozitivizem" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="eslovè" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pozitivizmi" title="Pozitivizmi - albanès" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Pozitivizmi" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="albanès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%BC" title="Позитивизам - serbi" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Позитивизам" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="serbi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Positivism" title="Positivism - suec" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Positivism" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="suec" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%A8%E0%AF%87%E0%AE%B0%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%9F%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%9A%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%AF%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%AF%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%8D" title="நேர்க்காட்சியியம் - tàmil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="நேர்க்காட்சியியம்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="tàmil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%BC" title="Позитивизм - tadjik" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Позитивизм" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="tadjik" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%8F%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%90%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%A1" title="ปฏิฐานนิยม - tai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ปฏิฐานนิยม" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="tai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pozitivizm" title="Pozitivizm - turc" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Pozitivizm" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="turc" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ug mw-list-item"><a href="https://ug.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AF%DB%95%D9%84%D9%89%D9%84%DA%86%D9%89%D9%84%D9%89%D9%83_%D9%BE%DB%95%D9%84%D8%B3%DB%95%D9%BE%D9%89%D8%B3%D9%89" title="دەلىلچىلىك پەلسەپىسى - uigur" lang="ug" hreflang="ug" data-title="دەلىلچىلىك پەلسەپىسى" data-language-autonym="ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche" data-language-local-name="uigur" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%B2%D1%96%D0%B7%D0%BC" title="Позитивізм - ucraïnès" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Позитивізм" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ucraïnès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%AB%D8%A8%D8%AA%DB%8C%D8%AA" title="مثبتیت - urdú" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="مثبتیت" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="urdú" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pozitivizm" title="Pozitivizm - uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Pozitivizm" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ch%E1%BB%A7_ngh%C4%A9a_th%E1%BB%B1c_ch%E1%BB%A9ng" title="Chủ nghĩa thực chứng - vietnamita" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Chủ nghĩa thực chứng" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="vietnamita" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%AE%9E%E8%AF%81%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89" title="实证主义 - xinès wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="实证主义" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="xinès wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%AE%9E%E8%AF%81%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89" title="实证主义 - xinès" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="实证主义" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="xinès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Si%CC%8Dt-ch%C3%A8ng-ch%C3%BA-g%C4%AB" title="Si̍t-chèng-chú-gī - xinès min del sud" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Si̍t-chèng-chú-gī" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="xinès min del sud" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%AF%A6%E8%AD%89%E4%B8%BB%E7%BE%A9" title="實證主義 - cantonès" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="實證主義" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="cantonès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q131015#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Modifica enllaços interlingües" class="wbc-editpage">Modifica els enllaços</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Espais de noms"> <div 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class="vertical-navbox nowraplinks" style="float:right;clear:right;width:22.0em;margin:0 0 1.0em 1.0em;color:#202122;background-color:#f8f9fa;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0.2em;border-spacing:0.4em 0;text-align:center;line-height:1.4em;font-size:88%;width:18.0em;"><tbody><tr><th class="navbox-title" style="padding:0.2em 0.4em 0.2em;font-size:145%;line-height:1.2em;font-size:175%;background:#76EEC6"><a href="/wiki/Sociologia" title="Sociologia">Sociologia</a></th></tr><tr><td style="padding:0.2em 0 0.4em"><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fitxer:SNA_segment.png" class="mw-file-description" title="Social Network Analysis diagram"><img alt="Social Network Analysis diagram" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/SNA_segment.png/180px-SNA_segment.png" decoding="async" width="180" height="70" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/SNA_segment.png/270px-SNA_segment.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c7/SNA_segment.png 2x" data-file-width="334" data-file-height="130" /></a><figcaption>Social Network Analysis diagram</figcaption></figure></td></tr><tr><th class="navbox-abovebelow" style="padding:0.1em;background:#76EEC6;;background:none;"> <i>Esquema</i></th></tr><tr><th class="navbox-abovebelow" style="padding:0.1em;background:#76EEC6;"> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Teoria_sociol%C3%B2gica&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Teoria sociològica (encara no existeix)">Teoria</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span>  <a href="/wiki/Hist%C3%B2ria_de_la_sociologia" title="Història de la sociologia">Història</a></th></tr><tr><td class="list" style="padding:0 0.1em 0.4em"> <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Positivisme</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span>  <a href="/wiki/Antipositivisme" title="Antipositivisme">Antipositivisme</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span>  <a href="/wiki/Funcionalisme_estructural" title="Funcionalisme estructural">Funcionalisme</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span>  <a href="/w/index.php?title=Teories_del_conflicte&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Teories del conflicte (encara no existeix)">Teories del conflicte</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span>  <a href="/w/index.php?title=Teories_d%27abast_intermedi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Teories d'abast intermedi (encara no existeix)">Teories d'abast intermedi</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span>  <a href="/wiki/Interaccionisme" title="Interaccionisme">Interaccionisme</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span>  <a href="/wiki/Etnometodologia" title="Etnometodologia">Etnometodologia</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span>  <a href="/wiki/Estructuralisme" title="Estructuralisme">Estructuralisme</a></td> </tr><tr><th class="navbox-abovebelow" style="padding:0.1em;background:#76EEC6;"> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Investigaci%C3%B3_social&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Investigació social (encara no existeix)">Mètodes d'investigació</a></th></tr><tr><td class="list" style="padding:0 0.1em 0.4em"> <a href="/wiki/Investigaci%C3%B3_quantitativa" class="mw-redirect" title="Investigació quantitativa">Quantitativa</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span>  <a href="/wiki/Investigaci%C3%B3_qualitativa" class="mw-redirect" title="Investigació qualitativa">Qualitativa</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span>  <a href="/w/index.php?title=Recerca_hist%C3%B2rica_comparativa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Recerca històrica comparativa (encara no existeix)">Històric</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span>  <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sociologia_computacional&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sociologia computacional (encara no existeix)">Computacional</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span>  <a href="/wiki/Etnografia" title="Etnografia">Etnogràfic</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span>  <a href="/w/index.php?title=An%C3%A0lisi_de_xarxes_socials&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Anàlisi de xarxes socials (encara no existeix)">Xarxa-analítica</a></td> </tr><tr><th class="navbox-abovebelow" style="padding:0.1em;background:#76EEC6;"> Temàtiques de la sociologia</th></tr><tr><td class="list" style="padding:0 0.1em 0.4em"> <a href="/wiki/Canvi_social" title="Canvi social">Canvi social</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span>  <a href="/wiki/Superestructura_(sociologia)" class="mw-redirect" title="Superestructura (sociologia)">Superestructura</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span>  <a href="/wiki/Conflicte" title="Conflicte">Conflicte</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span>  <a href="/w/index.php?title=Idenitat_de_g%C3%A8nere&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Idenitat de gènere (encara no existeix)">Identitat</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span>  <a href="/wiki/Individualisme" title="Individualisme">Individualisme</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span>  <a href="/wiki/Vincle" title="Vincle">Vincle</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span>  <a href="/wiki/Fam%C3%ADlia" title="Família">Família</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span>  <a href="/wiki/Cohesi%C3%B3_social" title="Cohesió social">Cohesió social</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span>  <a href="/wiki/Su%C3%AFcidi" title="Suïcidi">Suïcidi</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span>  <a href="/wiki/Modernitat" title="Modernitat">Modernitat</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span>  <a href="/wiki/Solidaritat" title="Solidaritat">Solidaritat</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span>  <a href="/wiki/Segregaci%C3%B3" title="Segregació">Segregació</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span>  <a href="/wiki/Estratificaci%C3%B3_social" title="Estratificació social">Estratificació</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span>  <a href="/wiki/Plantilla:Glossari_de_la_Sociologia" title="Plantilla:Glossari de la Sociologia">més</a></td> </tr><tr><td style="padding:0.3em 0.4em 0.3em;font-weight:bold"> <a href="/wiki/Portal:Societat" title="Portal:Societat">Portal de sociologia</a></td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right;font-size:115%"><div class="plainlinks hlist navbar mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Plantilla:Sociologia" title="Plantilla:Sociologia"><img alt="Vegeu aquesta plantilla" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Commons-emblem-notice.svg/18px-Commons-emblem-notice.svg.png" decoding="async" width="18" height="18" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Commons-emblem-notice.svg/27px-Commons-emblem-notice.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Commons-emblem-notice.svg/36px-Commons-emblem-notice.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="48" data-file-height="48" /></a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>El <b>positivisme</b> és el sistema de <a href="/wiki/Filosofia" title="Filosofia">filosofia</a> basat en l'<a href="/wiki/Experi%C3%A8ncia" title="Experiència">experiència</a> i en el <a href="/wiki/Coneixement" title="Coneixement">coneixement</a> <a href="/wiki/Emp%C3%ADric" class="mw-redirect" title="Empíric">empíric</a> dels fenòmens <a href="/wiki/Natura" title="Natura">naturals</a>. En virtut d'això, el positivisme considera la <a href="/wiki/Metaf%C3%ADsica" title="Metafísica">metafísica</a> i la <a href="/wiki/Teologia" title="Teologia">teologia</a> com a sistemes de coneixement imperfectes i inadequats. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Evolució"><span id="Evoluci.C3.B3"></span>Evolució</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Positivisme&action=edit&section=1" title="Modifica la secció: Evolució"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>El terme <i>positivisme</i> va ser utilitzat per primera vegada pel filòsof francès <a href="/wiki/Auguste_Comte" title="Auguste Comte">Auguste Comte</a>, autor de l'obra que inaugurà aquest corrent de pensament, <i>Curs de filosofia positiva</i> (6 vols., <a href="/wiki/1830" title="1830">1830</a>-<a href="/wiki/1842" title="1842">1842</a>). No obstant això, alguns conceptes positivistes es remunten al filòsof britànic <a href="/wiki/David_Hume" title="David Hume">David Hume</a>, al francès <a href="/wiki/Claude-Henri_de_Rouvroy,_Comte_de_Saint-Simon" class="mw-redirect" title="Claude-Henri de Rouvroy, Comte de Saint-Simon">Claude-Henri de Rouvroy, comte de Saint-Simon</a>, i a l'alemany <a href="/wiki/Immanuel_Kant" title="Immanuel Kant">Immanuel Kant</a>. </p><p>Comte va escollir la paraula <i>positivisme</i> per assenyalar la <a href="/wiki/Realitat" title="Realitat">realitat</a> i la tendència constructiva que ell reclamà per a l'aspecte <a href="/wiki/Te%C3%B2ric" class="mw-redirect" title="Teòric">teòric</a> de la seva doctrina. En general, es va interessar per la reorganització de la vida social per al bé de la humanitat mitjançant el coneixement <a href="/wiki/Cient%C3%ADfic" title="Científic">científic</a> i, per aquesta via, del control de les forces naturals. </p><p>Els dos components principals del positivisme, la filosofia i el govern (o programa de conducta individual i social), van ser més tard unificats per Comte en un tot sota la concepció d'una <a href="/wiki/Religi%C3%B3" title="Religió">religió</a> en la qual la <a href="/wiki/Humanitat" class="mw-redirect" title="Humanitat">humanitat</a> era l'objecte de culte. Malgrat això, nombrosos deixebles de Comte no van acceptar aquest desenvolupament religiós del seu pensament, perquè semblava contradir la filosofia positivista original. Moltes de les doctrines de Comte foren, més tard, adaptades i desenvolupades pels filòsofs socials britànics <a href="/wiki/John_Stuart_Mill" title="John Stuart Mill">John Stuart Mill</a> i <a href="/wiki/Herbert_Spencer" title="Herbert Spencer">Herbert Spencer</a>, així com pel filòsof i físic austríac <a href="/wiki/Ernst_Mach" title="Ernst Mach">Ernst Mach</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Positivisme_lògic"><span id="Positivisme_l.C3.B2gic"></span>Positivisme lògic</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Positivisme&action=edit&section=2" title="Modifica la secció: Positivisme lògic"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>A començaments del segle <span title="Nombre escrit en xifres romanes" style="font-variant:small-caps;">xx</span>, un grup de filòsofs interessats en l'evolució de la ciència moderna va rebutjar les tradicionals idees positivistes (ja que consideraven que la base del vertader coneixement estava en l'experiència personal) i va ressaltar la importància de la comprovació científica i de l'ús de la <a href="/wiki/L%C3%B2gica" title="Lògica">lògica</a> formal. De les teories d'aquests pensadors (entre els quals es trobaven l'austríac <a href="/wiki/Ludwig_Wittgenstein" title="Ludwig Wittgenstein">Ludwig Wittgenstein</a> i els britànics <a href="/wiki/Bertrand_Russell" title="Bertrand Russell">Bertrand Russell</a> i <a href="/wiki/George_Edward_Moore" title="George Edward Moore">George Edward Moore</a>), va néixer el denominat <i><a href="/wiki/Positivisme_l%C3%B2gic" class="mw-redirect" title="Positivisme lògic">positivisme lògic</a></i>. </p><p>El <i>Tractatus logico-philosophicus</i> (<a href="/wiki/1921" title="1921">1921</a>), obra de Wittgenstein, va resultar tenir una influència decisiva en el rebuig de les doctrines <a href="/wiki/Metaf%C3%ADsiques" class="mw-redirect" title="Metafísiques">metafísiques</a> per la seva carència de sentit i en l'acceptació de l'empirisme com una matèria d'exigència lògica. </p><p>En l'actualitat, els filòsofs positivistes prefereixen denominar-se a si mateixos <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Empiristes_l%C3%B2gics&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Empiristes lògics (encara no existeix)">empiristes lògics</a></i>, per dissociar-se de la importància que van donar els primers pensadors del positivisme lògic a la comprovació científica. Mantenen que el principi de verificació en si mateix és indemostrable en el camp filosòfic. Tanmateix, autors tan representatius com <a href="/wiki/Rudolf_Carnap" title="Rudolf Carnap">Rudolf Carnap</a> han proposat nous sentits del tradicional principi de verificació <a href="/w/index.php?title=Neopositivista&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Neopositivista (encara no existeix)">neopositivista</a>. 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