CINXE.COM
Manufacturing Technologies
<!DOCTYPE html> <html class="SectionPage is-basic" lang="en-US" itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/WebPage"> <head> <script id="cf-analytics"> window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; window.dataLayer.push({ flags: 'image_optimisation,trendmd_clw', version: '2.9.49' }) </script> <script id="cf-newatlas"> window.newatlas = window.newatlas || {}; newatlas.augmentLogs = function (args, level = 1) { let tagColor = level === 1 ? '#3761d6' : 'grey'; let logStyle = 'display: inline-block; color: #000; background: ' + tagColor + '; padding: 1px 4px; border-radius: 3px;'; return ( (args = [].slice.call(args)).unshift(logStyle), args.unshift('%cNA'), window && window.performance && args.push(window.performance.now()), args ); }; newatlas.log = function () { // some Security settings will throw 'SecurityError: The operation is insecure.' on localStorage access try { localStorage.getItem('newatlas.debug') && console.log.apply(console, newatlas.augmentLogs(arguments)); } catch (err) { /* user doesn't need logging */ } }; newatlas.debug = function () { try { localStorage.getItem('newatlas.debug') && localStorage.getItem('newatlas.debug') === '2' && console.log.apply(console, newatlas.augmentLogs(arguments, 2)); } catch (err) { /* user doesn't need logging */ } }; function noop() {} newatlas.now = window.performance && typeof window.performance.now == 'function' ? function () { window.performance.now(); } : noop; newatlas.mark = window.performance && typeof window.performance.mark == 'function' ? function (msg) { window.performance.mark(msg); } : noop; newatlas.measure = window.performance && typeof window.performance.mark == 'function' ? function (msg, start, end) { window.performance.measure(msg, start, end); } : noop; newatlas.getMarks = function (prefixes) { if (!Array.isArray(prefixes)) prefixes = [prefixes || '[NA]']; return Array.from(performance.getEntriesByType('navigation')).concat(Array.from(performance.getEntries()) .filter(e => prefixes.some(s => e.name.startsWith(s)))); } </script> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <style data-cssvarsponyfill="true"> :root { --primaryColor1: #3761d6; --primaryColor2: #000000; --primaryTextColor: #333333; --secondaryTextColor: #666666; --breakingColor: #ff6f00; --secondaryColor1: #858585; --secondaryColor2: #cccccc; --secondaryColor3: #e6e6e6; --secondaryColor4: #f5f5f5; --secondaryColor5: #ffffff; --siteBgColor: #ffffff; --siteInverseBgColor: #000000; --headerBgColor: #ffffff; --headerBgColorInverse: #000000; --headerBorderColor: #e6e6e6; --headerBorderColorInverse: #858585; --headerTextColor: #333333; --headerTextColorInverse: #ffffff; --headerMenuBgColor: #ffffff; --headerMenuTextColor: #333333; --secondaryHeaderBgColor: #ffffff; --secondaryHeaderTextColor: #333333; --advertisementBgColor: #f8f8f8; --footerBgColor: #ffffff; --footerTextColor: #333333; --primaryTextColorInverse: #ffffff; --secondaryTextColorInverse: #cccccc; --tertiaryTextColor: #999999; --tertiaryTextColorInverse: #cccccc; --listBorderColor: #000000; --gridBorderColor: #d8d8d8; --buttonBgColor: #ffffff; --buttonTextColor: #333333; --inverseButtonBgColor: #030202; --disabledButtonBgColor: #d8d8d8; --tagButtonBorderColor: #e2dfdd; --tagButtonTextColor: #3761d6; --breakingTextColor: #ffffff; --sectionTextColor: #fe6d01; --primaryHeadlineFont: Open Sans; --secondaryHeadlineFont: Open Sans; --bodyFont: Lora; } </style> <link data-cssvarsponyfill="true" class="Webpack-css" rel="stylesheet" href="https://assets.newatlas.com/resource/00000170-5da9-dc4c-adf0-ddebcfc10000/styleguide/All.min.99953773b3862ad62c30153281eb1d1e.gz.css"> <style>:root { --green-200: #c6f6d5; --green-400: #68d391; --red-100: #fff5f5; --red-300: #feb2b2; --blue-200: #bee3f8; --blue-300: #90cdf4; --gyst-blue: #303891; --promo-line-height: 22px; --quote-1: 1.9rem; } @media screen and (min-width: 1024px) { :root { --quote-1: 2.2rem; } } .Enhancement .Quote { margin: 2rem 0; } .quote-1, .Quote blockquote { font-family: var(--bodyFont), Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: 1.4; } @media screen and (min-width: 1024px) { .Enhancement .Quote { margin: 4rem; } } .RichTextBody h2 { font-family: var(--primaryHeadlineFont), Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; } .alert { padding: 1.5rem 2rem; border: 1px solid transparent; line-height: 1.4; } .alert-success { background-color: var(--green-200); border-color: var(--green-400); } .alert-error { background-color: var(--red-100); border-color: var(--red-300); } .alert-info { background-color: var(--blue-200); border-color: var(--blue-300); } .UserProfilePage .WelcomePage_verifiedMessage, .UserProfilePage .WelcomePage_fallbackMessage, .UserProfilePage .WelcomePage_basicMessage, .UserProfilePage .WelcomePage_plusMessage, .UserProfilePage .WelcomePage_paymentForm, .UserProfilePage .WelcomePage_paymentSuccess { border-top: none; padding-top: 0; } /* BS inserts links without href as span.Link, see /data-protection/ */ span.Link { cursor: pointer; text-decoration: none; border-bottom: 1px dotted rgb(0, 0, 0); color: rgb(51, 51, 51); } /* Fix remnant padding on unsold, collapsed adslots */ .OcelotAdModule.OcelotAdModule { padding: 0; } .OcelotAdModule.OcelotAdModule > div { padding: 20px 0; } .Page-aside .OcelotAdModule.OcelotAdModule > div { padding: 0; } /* #desktop_article_leaderboard_header is rendered on mobile too :/ */ #desktop_index_leaderboard, #desktop_article_leaderboard_header { display: none; } @media screen and (min-width: 1024px) { #desktop_index_leaderboard, #desktop_article_leaderboard_header { display: inherit; height: 290px; } } /* fix padding around Carousel ads on desktop */ .flickity-enabled.is-fullscreen + .FullscreenCarousel-aside { padding: 0; } /* Ensure that on device rotation desktop>mobile, the 300x600 doesn't spill out before the ad is refreshed */ .FullscreenCarousel-aside { overflow: hidden; } @media screen and (max-width: 1024px) { /* Force a 50px blank space below the captions, so they're not obscured by `mobile_footer` ad slot */ /* FIXME: this should target Basic/anon users only! (but we can't ID them at present) */ .FullscreenCarousel-slides.flickity-enabled.is-fullscreen { padding-bottom: 50px; } /* hide the desktop gallery ad if the user has rotated to portrait */ #slideshow { display: none; } } @media screen and (min-width: 1025px) { /* hide mobile gallery ads if the user has rotated to landscape */ #mobile_footer, [id^='Mobile_Gallery_'] { display: none; } } .ListD-header-title, /* Index: Latest News */ .ListE-header-title, /* Home: Latest News, Top Stories, Review, Features */ .ListF-header-title, /* Home: Popular Photo Galleries */ .ListG-header-title, /* Home: H1 "NEW TECHNOLOGY & SCIENCE NEWS" */ .ListJ-header-title { /* Article: Latest News */ color: #aaa; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 300; letter-spacing: 1.5px; } @media screen and (min-width: 375px) { .ListD-header-title, .ListE-header-title, .ListF-header-title, .ListG-header-title, .ListJ-header-title { font-size: 18px; } } @media screen and (min-width: 768px) { /* allow the lead description to fill the available space */ .Page-pageLead .PromoC-description { max-height: calc(var(--promo-line-height) * 8); } } /* create space under lead underline */ .HomePage-content .ListG-items { margin-bottom: 40px; } .HomePage-content .Page-pageLead .PromoB-description, ps-list-loadmore .PromoB-description { font-size: 16px; line-height: 1.375; } /* ensure 3-line titles don't have descenders truncated */ .PromoB-title { max-height: 73px; } /* override specificity on tag pages */ .ListD .PromoB-title, .ListG .PromoB-title { max-height: 73px; } @media only screen and (min-width: 1024px) { .PromoB-title { max-height: 87px; } /* override specificity on tag pages */ .ListD .PromoB-title, .ListG .PromoB-title { max-height: 87px; } } /* Adjust max-height on descriptions: JS truncate() will add an ellipsis if required */ .HomePage-content .Page-pageLead .PromoC-description, .HomePage-content .Page-pageLead .PromoB-description, ps-list-loadmore .PromoB-description { max-height: calc(var(--promo-line-height) * 6); } /* .SectionPage-content three cols */ .ListD .PromoB-description { /* top stories */ max-height: calc(var(--promo-line-height) * 6); } @media screen and (min-width: 768px) { .HomePage-content .Page-pageLead .PromoC-description { max-height: calc(var(--promo-line-height) * 5); } ps-list-loadmore .PromoB-description { max-height: calc(var(--promo-line-height) * 6); } .HomePage-content .Page-pageLead .PromoB-description { max-height: calc(var(--promo-line-height) * 4); display: none; } /* .SectionPage-content three cols */ .ListD .PromoB-description { /* top stories */ max-height: calc(var(--promo-line-height) * 5); } } /* make the first headline match subsequent articles on mobile... */ .Page-pageLead .PromoC-title { font-size: var(--title-4); font-weight: 600; line-height: 1.4; } @media screen and (min-width: 768px) { /* ...and reinstate more prominent styles in desktop layout */ .Page-pageLead .PromoC-title { font-size: var(--title-3); } /* Bring down Top Stories carousel font-size on desktop */ .ListF .PromoB-title { font-size: var(--title-4); } } /* constrain text width on plus articles */ .is-plus .RichTextArticleBody-body h2, .is-plus .RichTextArticleBody-body h3, .is-plus .RichTextArticleBody-body ol, .is-plus .RichTextArticleBody-body ul { max-width: 748px; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; } /* prevent ads bunching up after last para */ .ArticlePage-articleBody .RichTextBody p:last-of-type { margin-bottom: 30px; } /* Button */ .ButtonInverse { color: white; } .ButtonInverse.ButtonInverse:hover { color: black; text-decoration: none; } .ButtonDisabled, .ButtonDisabled { cursor: not-allowed; } .ButtonDisabled.ButtonDisabled:hover { color: white; } /* .page-subscribe */ .page-subscribe .UserProfilePage-body .RichTextModule { border: none; } .page-subscribe.UserProfilePage .RichTextModule .RichTextBody { font-size: var(--var-description-1); } .subscribePage__wrapper { display: flex; flex-flow: column nowrap; align-items: center; } .subscribePage--join-plus-cta, .subscribePage--only-us-au, .subscribePage--or-basic { margin-bottom: 2rem; } .subscribePage--only-us-au { display: none; font-style: italic; font-weight: bolder; } /* newsletter-subscription & page-profile */ .UserProfilePage.page-profile .Page-footer-content, .UserProfilePage.page-other .Page-footer-content { /* hide duplicate newsletter subscribe form */ display: none; } /* .page-welcome */ .page-welcome.UserProfilePage .RichTextModule .RichTextBody { font-size: var(--var-description-1); } .welcomePage__verifiedMessage { margin-bottom: 2rem; } .welcomePage__fallbackMessage { } .welcomePage__basicMessage, .welcomePage__plusMessage, .welcomeAndUpgradePage__paymentSuccess { display: none; } .welcomePage__basicMessageCta .ButtonInverse, .welcomeAndUpgradePage__paymentSuccess .ButtonInverse { margin-top: 2rem; } .welcomePage__basicMessageCta, .welcomeAndUpgradePage__paymentSuccessCta { text-align: center; } /* Reduce the gap between Column descendents on Section pages (esp carousels) */ .SectionPage .OneColumnContainer-column > * { margin-bottom: 2rem; } /* Circlular mask for bio images on /about */ .Page .ListD .PromoB-content { display: flex; flex-direction: column; align-items: center; } .Page .ListD .PromoB-media { width: 80%; height: 100%; overflow: hidden; aspect-ratio: 1/1; border-radius: 100%; } .Page .ListD .PromoB-media img { width: 150%; max-width: initial; margin-left: -25%; } .Page .ListD .PromoB-title { margin-top: 1rem; } .Page .ListD .PromoB-description { margin-top: 0; } </style> <style>.Enhancement .InstagramUrl iframe { min-height:600px; }</style> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, maximum-scale=5"> <title>Manufacturing Technologies</title> <meta name="description" content="It's one thing to design a great product, and another entirely to produce it in a way that's efficient, cheap, green and scalable. We're always on the lookout for breakthroughs in manufacturing and production tech that can turn a great idea into a world-changer at scale."> <meta name="keywords" content="3d printing,additive manufacture,factories,innovation,manufacturing,manufacturing technologies,mass production,production,production lines,scale production"> <link rel="canonical" href="https://newatlas.com/manufacturing/"> <meta name="brightspot.contentId" content="00000192-0897-d045-adde-faff1c6e0010"> <meta property="og:title" content="Manufacturing"> <meta property="og:url" content="https://newatlas.com/manufacturing/"> <meta property="og:description" content="It's one thing to design a great product, and another entirely to produce it in a way that's efficient, cheap, green and scalable. We're always on the lookout for breakthroughs in manufacturing and production tech that can turn a great idea into a world-changer at scale."> <meta property="og:site_name" content="New Atlas"> <meta property="og:type" content="website"> <meta name="twitter:card" content="summary_large_image"/> <meta name="twitter:description" content="It's one thing to design a great product, and another entirely to produce it in a way that's efficient, cheap, green and scalable. We're always on the lookout for breakthroughs in manufacturing and production tech that can turn a great idea into a world-changer at scale."/> <meta name="twitter:site" content="@nwtls"/> <meta name="twitter:title" content="Manufacturing"/> <meta property="fb:app_id" content="38456013908"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon"sizes="180x180"href="/apple-touch-icon.png"><link rel="icon"type="image/png"href="/favicon-32x32.png"><link rel="icon"type="image/png"href="/favicon-16x16.png"> <link rel="manifest" href="/manifest.json"> <link type="application/rss+xml" rel="alternate" title="Manufacturing" href="https://newatlas.com/manufacturing/index.rss"> <!-- this will add webcomponent polyfills based on browsers. As of 04/29/21 still needed for IE11 and Safari --> <script src="https://assets.newatlas.com/resource/00000170-5da9-dc4c-adf0-ddebcfc10000/webcomponents-loader/webcomponents-loader.ce44f83d1399e8dd41e607b70e0642c9.gz.js"></script> <script class="bsp-web-components"> /** For the fastest load times https://developers.google.com/speed/docs/insights/BlockingJS and to prevent any FOUC, as well as prevent any race conditions for browsers that also rely on the CSS variables polyfill, this is inlined. **/ if (!window.customElements) { (function(){ 'use strict';var h=new function(){};var aa=new Set("annotation-xml color-profile font-face font-face-src font-face-uri font-face-format font-face-name missing-glyph".split(" "));function m(b){var a=aa.has(b);b=/^[a-z][.0-9_a-z]*-[\-.0-9_a-z]*$/.test(b);return!a&&b}function n(b){var a=b.isConnected;if(void 0!==a)return a;for(;b&&!(b.__CE_isImportDocument||b instanceof Document);)b=b.parentNode||(window.ShadowRoot&&b instanceof ShadowRoot?b.host:void 0);return!(!b||!(b.__CE_isImportDocument||b instanceof Document))} function p(b,a){for(;a&&a!==b&&!a.nextSibling;)a=a.parentNode;return a&&a!==b?a.nextSibling:null} function t(b,a,c){c=c?c:new Set;for(var d=b;d;){if(d.nodeType===Node.ELEMENT_NODE){var e=d;a(e);var f=e.localName;if("link"===f&&"import"===e.getAttribute("rel")){d=e.import;if(d instanceof Node&&!c.has(d))for(c.add(d),d=d.firstChild;d;d=d.nextSibling)t(d,a,c);d=p(b,e);continue}else if("template"===f){d=p(b,e);continue}if(e=e.__CE_shadowRoot)for(e=e.firstChild;e;e=e.nextSibling)t(e,a,c)}d=d.firstChild?d.firstChild:p(b,d)}}function u(b,a,c){b[a]=c};function v(){this.a=new Map;this.s=new Map;this.f=[];this.b=!1}function ba(b,a,c){b.a.set(a,c);b.s.set(c.constructor,c)}function w(b,a){b.b=!0;b.f.push(a)}function x(b,a){b.b&&t(a,function(a){return y(b,a)})}function y(b,a){if(b.b&&!a.__CE_patched){a.__CE_patched=!0;for(var c=0;c<b.f.length;c++)b.f[c](a)}}function z(b,a){var c=[];t(a,function(b){return c.push(b)});for(a=0;a<c.length;a++){var d=c[a];1===d.__CE_state?b.connectedCallback(d):A(b,d)}} function B(b,a){var c=[];t(a,function(b){return c.push(b)});for(a=0;a<c.length;a++){var d=c[a];1===d.__CE_state&&b.disconnectedCallback(d)}} function C(b,a,c){c=c?c:{};var d=c.w||new Set,e=c.i||function(a){return A(b,a)},f=[];t(a,function(a){if("link"===a.localName&&"import"===a.getAttribute("rel")){var c=a.import;c instanceof Node&&(c.__CE_isImportDocument=!0,c.__CE_hasRegistry=!0);c&&"complete"===c.readyState?c.__CE_documentLoadHandled=!0:a.addEventListener("load",function(){var c=a.import;if(!c.__CE_documentLoadHandled){c.__CE_documentLoadHandled=!0;var f=new Set(d);f.delete(c);C(b,c,{w:f,i:e})}})}else f.push(a)},d);if(b.b)for(a=0;a< f.length;a++)y(b,f[a]);for(a=0;a<f.length;a++)e(f[a])} function A(b,a){if(void 0===a.__CE_state){var c=a.ownerDocument;if(c.defaultView||c.__CE_isImportDocument&&c.__CE_hasRegistry)if(c=b.a.get(a.localName)){c.constructionStack.push(a);var d=c.constructor;try{try{if(new d!==a)throw Error("The custom element constructor did not produce the element being upgraded.");}finally{c.constructionStack.pop()}}catch(r){throw a.__CE_state=2,r;}a.__CE_state=1;a.__CE_definition=c;if(c.attributeChangedCallback)for(c=c.observedAttributes,d=0;d<c.length;d++){var e=c[d], f=a.getAttribute(e);null!==f&&b.attributeChangedCallback(a,e,null,f,null)}n(a)&&b.connectedCallback(a)}}}v.prototype.connectedCallback=function(b){var a=b.__CE_definition;a.connectedCallback&&a.connectedCallback.call(b)};v.prototype.disconnectedCallback=function(b){var a=b.__CE_definition;a.disconnectedCallback&&a.disconnectedCallback.call(b)}; v.prototype.attributeChangedCallback=function(b,a,c,d,e){var f=b.__CE_definition;f.attributeChangedCallback&&-1<f.observedAttributes.indexOf(a)&&f.attributeChangedCallback.call(b,a,c,d,e)};function D(b,a){this.c=b;this.a=a;this.b=void 0;C(this.c,this.a);"loading"===this.a.readyState&&(this.b=new MutationObserver(this.f.bind(this)),this.b.observe(this.a,{childList:!0,subtree:!0}))}function E(b){b.b&&b.b.disconnect()}D.prototype.f=function(b){var a=this.a.readyState;"interactive"!==a&&"complete"!==a||E(this);for(a=0;a<b.length;a++)for(var c=b[a].addedNodes,d=0;d<c.length;d++)C(this.c,c[d])};function ca(){var b=this;this.b=this.a=void 0;this.f=new Promise(function(a){b.b=a;b.a&&a(b.a)})}function F(b){if(b.a)throw Error("Already resolved.");b.a=void 0;b.b&&b.b(void 0)};function G(b){this.j=!1;this.c=b;this.o=new Map;this.l=function(b){return b()};this.g=!1;this.m=[];this.u=new D(b,document)} G.prototype.define=function(b,a){var c=this;if(!(a instanceof Function))throw new TypeError("Custom element constructors must be functions.");if(!m(b))throw new SyntaxError("The element name '"+b+"' is not valid.");if(this.c.a.get(b))throw Error("A custom element with name '"+b+"' has already been defined.");if(this.j)throw Error("A custom element is already being defined.");this.j=!0;var d,e,f,r,k;try{var g=function(b){var a=l[b];if(void 0!==a&&!(a instanceof Function))throw Error("The '"+b+"' callback must be a function."); return a},l=a.prototype;if(!(l instanceof Object))throw new TypeError("The custom element constructor's prototype is not an object.");d=g("connectedCallback");e=g("disconnectedCallback");f=g("adoptedCallback");r=g("attributeChangedCallback");k=a.observedAttributes||[]}catch(q){return}finally{this.j=!1}a={localName:b,constructor:a,connectedCallback:d,disconnectedCallback:e,adoptedCallback:f,attributeChangedCallback:r,observedAttributes:k,constructionStack:[]};ba(this.c,b,a);this.m.push(a);this.g|| (this.g=!0,this.l(function(){return da(c)}))};G.prototype.i=function(b){C(this.c,b)};function da(b){if(!1!==b.g){b.g=!1;for(var a=b.m,c=[],d=new Map,e=0;e<a.length;e++)d.set(a[e].localName,[]);C(b.c,document,{i:function(a){if(void 0===a.__CE_state){var e=a.localName,f=d.get(e);f?f.push(a):b.c.a.get(e)&&c.push(a)}}});for(e=0;e<c.length;e++)A(b.c,c[e]);for(;0<a.length;){for(var f=a.shift(),e=f.localName,f=d.get(f.localName),r=0;r<f.length;r++)A(b.c,f[r]);(e=b.o.get(e))&&F(e)}}} G.prototype.get=function(b){if(b=this.c.a.get(b))return b.constructor};G.prototype.whenDefined=function(b){if(!m(b))return Promise.reject(new SyntaxError("'"+b+"' is not a valid custom element name."));var a=this.o.get(b);if(a)return a.f;a=new ca;this.o.set(b,a);this.c.a.get(b)&&!this.m.some(function(a){return a.localName===b})&&F(a);return a.f};G.prototype.v=function(b){E(this.u);var a=this.l;this.l=function(c){return b(function(){return a(c)})}};window.CustomElementRegistry=G; G.prototype.define=G.prototype.define;G.prototype.upgrade=G.prototype.i;G.prototype.get=G.prototype.get;G.prototype.whenDefined=G.prototype.whenDefined;G.prototype.polyfillWrapFlushCallback=G.prototype.v;var H=window.Document.prototype.createElement,ea=window.Document.prototype.createElementNS,fa=window.Document.prototype.importNode,ga=window.Document.prototype.prepend,ha=window.Document.prototype.append,ia=window.DocumentFragment.prototype.prepend,ja=window.DocumentFragment.prototype.append,I=window.Node.prototype.cloneNode,J=window.Node.prototype.appendChild,K=window.Node.prototype.insertBefore,L=window.Node.prototype.removeChild,M=window.Node.prototype.replaceChild,N=Object.getOwnPropertyDescriptor(window.Node.prototype, "textContent"),O=window.Element.prototype.attachShadow,P=Object.getOwnPropertyDescriptor(window.Element.prototype,"innerHTML"),Q=window.Element.prototype.getAttribute,R=window.Element.prototype.setAttribute,S=window.Element.prototype.removeAttribute,T=window.Element.prototype.getAttributeNS,U=window.Element.prototype.setAttributeNS,ka=window.Element.prototype.removeAttributeNS,la=window.Element.prototype.insertAdjacentElement,ma=window.Element.prototype.insertAdjacentHTML,na=window.Element.prototype.prepend, oa=window.Element.prototype.append,V=window.Element.prototype.before,pa=window.Element.prototype.after,qa=window.Element.prototype.replaceWith,ra=window.Element.prototype.remove,sa=window.HTMLElement,W=Object.getOwnPropertyDescriptor(window.HTMLElement.prototype,"innerHTML"),ta=window.HTMLElement.prototype.insertAdjacentElement,ua=window.HTMLElement.prototype.insertAdjacentHTML;function va(){var b=X;window.HTMLElement=function(){function a(){var a=this.constructor,d=b.s.get(a);if(!d)throw Error("The custom element being constructed was not registered with `customElements`.");var e=d.constructionStack;if(!e.length)return e=H.call(document,d.localName),Object.setPrototypeOf(e,a.prototype),e.__CE_state=1,e.__CE_definition=d,y(b,e),e;var d=e.length-1,f=e[d];if(f===h)throw Error("The HTMLElement constructor was either called reentrantly for this constructor or called multiple times."); e[d]=h;Object.setPrototypeOf(f,a.prototype);y(b,f);return f}a.prototype=sa.prototype;return a}()};function Y(b,a,c){function d(a){return function(c){for(var e=[],d=0;d<arguments.length;++d)e[d-0]=arguments[d];for(var d=[],f=[],l=0;l<e.length;l++){var q=e[l];q instanceof Element&&n(q)&&f.push(q);if(q instanceof DocumentFragment)for(q=q.firstChild;q;q=q.nextSibling)d.push(q);else d.push(q)}a.apply(this,e);for(e=0;e<f.length;e++)B(b,f[e]);if(n(this))for(e=0;e<d.length;e++)f=d[e],f instanceof Element&&z(b,f)}}c.h&&(a.prepend=d(c.h));c.append&&(a.append=d(c.append))};function wa(){var b=X;u(Document.prototype,"createElement",function(a){if(this.__CE_hasRegistry){var c=b.a.get(a);if(c)return new c.constructor}a=H.call(this,a);y(b,a);return a});u(Document.prototype,"importNode",function(a,c){a=fa.call(this,a,c);this.__CE_hasRegistry?C(b,a):x(b,a);return a});u(Document.prototype,"createElementNS",function(a,c){if(this.__CE_hasRegistry&&(null===a||"http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"===a)){var d=b.a.get(c);if(d)return new d.constructor}a=ea.call(this,a,c);y(b,a);return a}); Y(b,Document.prototype,{h:ga,append:ha})};function xa(){var b=X;function a(a,d){Object.defineProperty(a,"textContent",{enumerable:d.enumerable,configurable:!0,get:d.get,set:function(a){if(this.nodeType===Node.TEXT_NODE)d.set.call(this,a);else{var e=void 0;if(this.firstChild){var c=this.childNodes,k=c.length;if(0<k&&n(this))for(var e=Array(k),g=0;g<k;g++)e[g]=c[g]}d.set.call(this,a);if(e)for(a=0;a<e.length;a++)B(b,e[a])}}})}u(Node.prototype,"insertBefore",function(a,d){if(a instanceof DocumentFragment){var e=Array.prototype.slice.apply(a.childNodes); a=K.call(this,a,d);if(n(this))for(d=0;d<e.length;d++)z(b,e[d]);return a}e=n(a);d=K.call(this,a,d);e&&B(b,a);n(this)&&z(b,a);return d});u(Node.prototype,"appendChild",function(a){if(a instanceof DocumentFragment){var c=Array.prototype.slice.apply(a.childNodes);a=J.call(this,a);if(n(this))for(var e=0;e<c.length;e++)z(b,c[e]);return a}c=n(a);e=J.call(this,a);c&&B(b,a);n(this)&&z(b,a);return e});u(Node.prototype,"cloneNode",function(a){a=I.call(this,a);this.ownerDocument.__CE_hasRegistry?C(b,a):x(b,a); return a});u(Node.prototype,"removeChild",function(a){var c=n(a),e=L.call(this,a);c&&B(b,a);return e});u(Node.prototype,"replaceChild",function(a,d){if(a instanceof DocumentFragment){var e=Array.prototype.slice.apply(a.childNodes);a=M.call(this,a,d);if(n(this))for(B(b,d),d=0;d<e.length;d++)z(b,e[d]);return a}var e=n(a),f=M.call(this,a,d),c=n(this);c&&B(b,d);e&&B(b,a);c&&z(b,a);return f});N&&N.get?a(Node.prototype,N):w(b,function(b){a(b,{enumerable:!0,configurable:!0,get:function(){for(var a=[],b= 0;b<this.childNodes.length;b++)a.push(this.childNodes[b].textContent);return a.join("")},set:function(a){for(;this.firstChild;)L.call(this,this.firstChild);J.call(this,document.createTextNode(a))}})})};function ya(b){var a=Element.prototype;function c(a){return function(e){for(var c=[],d=0;d<arguments.length;++d)c[d-0]=arguments[d];for(var d=[],k=[],g=0;g<c.length;g++){var l=c[g];l instanceof Element&&n(l)&&k.push(l);if(l instanceof DocumentFragment)for(l=l.firstChild;l;l=l.nextSibling)d.push(l);else d.push(l)}a.apply(this,c);for(c=0;c<k.length;c++)B(b,k[c]);if(n(this))for(c=0;c<d.length;c++)k=d[c],k instanceof Element&&z(b,k)}}V&&(a.before=c(V));V&&(a.after=c(pa));qa&&u(a,"replaceWith",function(a){for(var e= [],c=0;c<arguments.length;++c)e[c-0]=arguments[c];for(var c=[],d=[],k=0;k<e.length;k++){var g=e[k];g instanceof Element&&n(g)&&d.push(g);if(g instanceof DocumentFragment)for(g=g.firstChild;g;g=g.nextSibling)c.push(g);else c.push(g)}k=n(this);qa.apply(this,e);for(e=0;e<d.length;e++)B(b,d[e]);if(k)for(B(b,this),e=0;e<c.length;e++)d=c[e],d instanceof Element&&z(b,d)});ra&&u(a,"remove",function(){var a=n(this);ra.call(this);a&&B(b,this)})};function za(){var b=X;function a(a,c){Object.defineProperty(a,"innerHTML",{enumerable:c.enumerable,configurable:!0,get:c.get,set:function(a){var e=this,d=void 0;n(this)&&(d=[],t(this,function(a){a!==e&&d.push(a)}));c.set.call(this,a);if(d)for(var f=0;f<d.length;f++){var r=d[f];1===r.__CE_state&&b.disconnectedCallback(r)}this.ownerDocument.__CE_hasRegistry?C(b,this):x(b,this);return a}})}function c(a,c){u(a,"insertAdjacentElement",function(a,e){var d=n(e);a=c.call(this,a,e);d&&B(b,e);n(a)&&z(b,e); return a})}function d(a,c){function e(a,e){for(var c=[];a!==e;a=a.nextSibling)c.push(a);for(e=0;e<c.length;e++)C(b,c[e])}u(a,"insertAdjacentHTML",function(a,b){a=a.toLowerCase();if("beforebegin"===a){var d=this.previousSibling;c.call(this,a,b);e(d||this.parentNode.firstChild,this)}else if("afterbegin"===a)d=this.firstChild,c.call(this,a,b),e(this.firstChild,d);else if("beforeend"===a)d=this.lastChild,c.call(this,a,b),e(d||this.firstChild,null);else if("afterend"===a)d=this.nextSibling,c.call(this, a,b),e(this.nextSibling,d);else throw new SyntaxError("The value provided ("+String(a)+") is not one of 'beforebegin', 'afterbegin', 'beforeend', or 'afterend'.");})}O&&u(Element.prototype,"attachShadow",function(a){return this.__CE_shadowRoot=a=O.call(this,a)});P&&P.get?a(Element.prototype,P):W&&W.get?a(HTMLElement.prototype,W):w(b,function(b){a(b,{enumerable:!0,configurable:!0,get:function(){return I.call(this,!0).innerHTML},set:function(a){var b="template"===this.localName,e=b?this.content:this, c=H.call(document,this.localName);for(c.innerHTML=a;0<e.childNodes.length;)L.call(e,e.childNodes[0]);for(a=b?c.content:c;0<a.childNodes.length;)J.call(e,a.childNodes[0])}})});u(Element.prototype,"setAttribute",function(a,c){if(1!==this.__CE_state)return R.call(this,a,c);var e=Q.call(this,a);R.call(this,a,c);c=Q.call(this,a);b.attributeChangedCallback(this,a,e,c,null)});u(Element.prototype,"setAttributeNS",function(a,c,d){if(1!==this.__CE_state)return U.call(this,a,c,d);var e=T.call(this,a,c);U.call(this, a,c,d);d=T.call(this,a,c);b.attributeChangedCallback(this,c,e,d,a)});u(Element.prototype,"removeAttribute",function(a){if(1!==this.__CE_state)return S.call(this,a);var c=Q.call(this,a);S.call(this,a);null!==c&&b.attributeChangedCallback(this,a,c,null,null)});u(Element.prototype,"removeAttributeNS",function(a,c){if(1!==this.__CE_state)return ka.call(this,a,c);var d=T.call(this,a,c);ka.call(this,a,c);var e=T.call(this,a,c);d!==e&&b.attributeChangedCallback(this,c,d,e,a)});ta?c(HTMLElement.prototype, ta):la?c(Element.prototype,la):console.warn("Custom Elements: `Element#insertAdjacentElement` was not patched.");ua?d(HTMLElement.prototype,ua):ma?d(Element.prototype,ma):console.warn("Custom Elements: `Element#insertAdjacentHTML` was not patched.");Y(b,Element.prototype,{h:na,append:oa});ya(b)}; /* Copyright (c) 2016 The Polymer Project Authors. All rights reserved. This code may only be used under the BSD style license found at http://polymer.github.io/LICENSE.txt The complete set of authors may be found at http://polymer.github.io/AUTHORS.txt The complete set of contributors may be found at http://polymer.github.io/CONTRIBUTORS.txt Code distributed by Google as part of the polymer project is also subject to an additional IP rights grant found at http://polymer.github.io/PATENTS.txt */ var Z=window.customElements;if(!Z||Z.forcePolyfill||"function"!=typeof Z.define||"function"!=typeof Z.get){var X=new v;va();wa();Y(X,DocumentFragment.prototype,{h:ia,append:ja});xa();za();document.__CE_hasRegistry=!0;var customElements=new G(X);Object.defineProperty(window,"customElements",{configurable:!0,enumerable:!0,value:customElements})}; }).call(self); } /** This allows us to load the IE polyfills via feature detection so that they do not load needlessly in the browsers that do not need them. It also ensures they are loaded non async so that they load before the rest of our JS. */ if (!window.CSS || !window.CSS.supports || !window.CSS.supports('--fake-var', 0)) { var head = document.getElementsByTagName('head')[0]; var script = document.createElement('script'); script.setAttribute('src', "/styleguide/util/IEPolyfills.js"); script.setAttribute('type', 'text/javascript'); script.async = false; head.appendChild(script); } </script> <script src="https://assets.newatlas.com/resource/00000170-5da9-dc4c-adf0-ddebcfc10000/styleguide/All.min.6ae80f88b390fd9e5e10fceae452f1c1.gz.js" async></script> <script>window.newatlas = window.newatlas || {}; Object.assign(window.newatlas, {"isSubscribed":null,"view":"Category","subCategory":"Manufacturing","tagSlugs":[],"userMode":"anon","subscriptionExpiration":null,"countryCode":"SG","articleId":null,"writer":null,"category":"Technology","buildInformation":"#local"});</script> <script id="ocelot-init"> var ocelot = ocelot || {}; ocelot.googleMayTargetAds=true;ocelot.pageType = 'i';ocelot.category = 'Technology';ocelot.subcategory = 'Manufacturing';ocelot.desktop_index_leaderboard = '/1007667/AMP1';newatlas.mark("[NA] ocelot.init"); </script><script src="https://cdn.ocelot.studio/clients/newatlas.js" async></script> <script id="ocelot-load"> document.querySelector('[src*="cdn.ocelot.studio/clients/newatlas.js"]').addEventListener('load', () => { newatlas.mark("[NA] ocelot.load"); }); </script><script id="taboola-head" type="text/javascript"> newatlas = window.newatlas || {} newatlas.mark('[NA] taboola-head') window._taboola = window._taboola || []; _taboola.push({'category':'auto'}); /** vendor script with logging tweaks */ function loadTaboola(initr) { newatlas.mark('[NA] loadTaboola via ' + initr); !(function (e, f, u, i) { if (!document.getElementById(i)) { e.async = 1; e.src = u; e.id = i; e.addEventListener('load', function() { newatlas.mark('[NA] tb_loader_script.load') }) f.parentNode.insertBefore(e, f); } })( document.createElement("script"), document.getElementsByTagName("script")[0], "//cdn.taboola.com/libtrc/newatlas/loader.js", "tb_loader_script" ); newatlas.mark("tbl_ic"); } let tblLoaded = null window.addEventListener("DOMContentLoaded", function (event) { newatlas.mark('[NA] DOMContentLoaded') // mutually exclusive, so we can select a single el from a multi-selector var leadImg = document.querySelector( [ '.HomePage .Page-pageLead .PromoC-media img', '.ArticlePage .FullscreenCarousel-cover img', '.SectionPage main img', // fallback, gets the first image ].join(',') ) if (leadImg) { function leadImgReadyCb(initr = "load") { if (tblLoaded) return; tblLoaded = true; loadTaboola("leadImg." + initr); } if (leadImg.complete) { newatlas.mark("[NA] leadImg.complete"); leadImgReadyCb("complete"); } else { leadImg.addEventListener("load", function (ev) { newatlas.mark("[NA] leadImg.load"); window.setTimeout(leadImgReadyCb, 200); }); } } }); // fallback, in case we have an issue loading leadImg window.addEventListener("load", function (event) { newatlas.mark('[NA] window.load') if (tblLoaded) return tblLoaded = true loadTaboola('window.load') }); </script><script> // where `meta` is a dict of variables from the BS view: var meta = {view: 'Category', category: 'Technology', subCategory: 'Manufacturing'} window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; var customDimensions = {}; // if (meta.view) { customDimensions.view = meta.view; } // if (meta.articleId) { customDimensions.article_id = meta.articleId; customDimensions.category = meta.category; customDimensions.subCategory = meta.subCategory; customDimensions.tags = (meta.tagSlugs || []).join(','); customDimensions.writer = meta.writer; } window.dataLayer.push(customDimensions); </script> <script> (function(w,d,s,l,i) { w[l]=w[l]||[]; w[l].push({'gtm.start': new Date().getTime(), event:'gtm.js'}); var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0], j=d.createElement(s), dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:''; j.async=true; j.src='https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f); })(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-TGZ8Q3J'); </script> <script> window.fbAsyncInit = function() { FB.init({ appId : '38456013908', xfbml : true, version : 'v3.3' }); }; (function(d, s, id){ var js, fjs = d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0]; if (d.getElementById(id)) {return;} js = d.createElement(s); js.id = id; js.src = "//connect.facebook.net/en_US/sdk.js"; fjs.parentNode.insertBefore(js, fjs); }(document, 'script', 'facebook-jssdk')); </script> <script>!function(){var e=document.createElement("script");e.id="sentry",e.async=!0,e.onload=function(){Sentry.init({debug:!1,dsn:"newatlas.com"===window.location.hostname?"https://f6e950147bfd4335b25baedc18204263@o7312.ingest.sentry.io/5270767":"https://2534b9d631664a7fa070404e5b496030@o7312.ingest.sentry.io/5270780",ignoreErrors:["top.GLOBALS","originalCreateNotification","canvas.contentDocument","MyApp_RemoveAllHighlights","http://tt.epicplay.com","Can't find variable: ZiteReader","jigsaw is not defined","ComboSearch is not defined","http://loading.retry.widdit.com/","atomicFindClose","fb_xd_fragment","bmi_SafeAddOnload","EBCallBackMessageReceived","conduitPage","Can't execute code from a freed script","Failed to fetch","NetworkError when attempting to fetch resource.","ResizeObserver loop limit exceeded","Blocked a frame with origin"],denyUrls:[/graph\.facebook\.com/i,/connect\.facebook\.net\/en_US\/all\.js/i,/eatdifferent\.com\.woopra-ns\.com/i,/static\.woopra\.com\/js\/woopra\.js/i,/extensions\//i,/^chrome:\/\//i,/127\.0\.0\.1:4001\/isrunning/i,/webappstoolbarba\.texthelp\.com\//i,/metrics\.itunes\.apple\.com\.edgesuite\.net\//i],beforeSend:function(e,t){var n=t&&t.originalException;if(n&&n.message){if(n.message.match(/Can't execute code from a freed script/i))return null;if(n.message.match(/Illegal invocation/)&&n.stack.indexOf("gpt/pubads_impl_")>-1)return null}return e.user&&e.user.ip_address&&("119.237.146.188"===e.user.ip_address||"81.61.158.86"===e.user.ip_address)||"string"==typeof e.location&&(e.location.indexOf("/rq/iv/inside.js")>-1||e.location.indexOf("/bao-csm/direct/csm_othersv")>-1||e.location.indexOf("/pageFold/ftpagefold_v")>-1)?null:e}}),Sentry.setTag("view",window.meta.view),Sentry.setTag("userMode",window.newatlas.userMode),Sentry.setTag("cc",window.newatlas.countryCode),Sentry.setTag("gdprApplies",window.ocelot?!window.ocelot.googleMayTargetAds:"NA"),Sentry.setTag("configVersion","2020-12-30T15-59-16+1100"),Sentry.setTag("referrer",function(e){if(""===e)return e;var t=document.createElement("a");return t.href=e,t.hostname}(document.referrer)),newatlas.log("Sentry.init")},e.crossOrigin="anonymous",e.integrity="sha384-ir4+BihBClNpjZk3UKgHTr0cwRhujAjy/M5VEGvcOzjhM1Db79GAg9xLxYn4uVK4",e.src="https://browser.sentry-cdn.com/5.29.2/bundle.min.js",document.head.appendChild(e)}();</script> <script id="fonts"> var link = document.createElement('link'); link.setAttribute('href', 'https://fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Open+Sans:400,500,600,700|Open+Sans:400,500,600,700|Lora:400,500,600,700'); var relList = link.relList; if (relList && relList.supports('preload')) { link.setAttribute('as', 'style'); link.setAttribute('rel', 'preload'); link.setAttribute('onload', 'this.rel="stylesheet"'); link.setAttribute('crossorigin', 'anonymous'); } else { link.setAttribute('rel', 'stylesheet'); } document.head.appendChild(link); </script> </head> <body class="SectionPage-body"> <!-- Putting icons here, so we don't have to include in a bunch of -body hbs's --> <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" style="display:none" id="iconsMap"> <symbol id="mono-icon-facebook" viewBox="0 0 10 19"> <path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M2.707 18.25V10.2H0V7h2.707V4.469c0-1.336.375-2.373 1.125-3.112C4.582.62 5.578.25 6.82.25c1.008 0 1.828.047 2.461.14v2.848H7.594c-.633 0-1.067.14-1.301.422-.188.235-.281.61-.281 1.125V7H9l-.422 3.2H6.012v8.05H2.707z"> </path> </symbol> <symbol id="mono-icon-instagram" viewBox="0 0 17 17"> <g> <path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M8.281 4.207c.727 0 1.4.182 2.022.545a4.055 4.055 0 0 1 1.476 1.477c.364.62.545 1.294.545 2.021 0 .727-.181 1.4-.545 2.021a4.055 4.055 0 0 1-1.476 1.477 3.934 3.934 0 0 1-2.022.545c-.726 0-1.4-.182-2.021-.545a4.055 4.055 0 0 1-1.477-1.477 3.934 3.934 0 0 1-.545-2.021c0-.727.182-1.4.545-2.021A4.055 4.055 0 0 1 6.26 4.752a3.934 3.934 0 0 1 2.021-.545zm0 6.68a2.54 2.54 0 0 0 1.864-.774 2.54 2.54 0 0 0 .773-1.863 2.54 2.54 0 0 0-.773-1.863 2.54 2.54 0 0 0-1.864-.774 2.54 2.54 0 0 0-1.863.774 2.54 2.54 0 0 0-.773 1.863c0 .727.257 1.348.773 1.863a2.54 2.54 0 0 0 1.863.774zM13.45 4.03c-.023.258-.123.48-.299.668a.856.856 0 0 1-.65.281.913.913 0 0 1-.668-.28.913.913 0 0 1-.281-.669c0-.258.094-.48.281-.668a.913.913 0 0 1 .668-.28c.258 0 .48.093.668.28.187.188.281.41.281.668zm2.672.95c.023.656.035 1.746.035 3.269 0 1.523-.017 2.62-.053 3.287-.035.668-.134 1.248-.298 1.74a4.098 4.098 0 0 1-.967 1.53 4.098 4.098 0 0 1-1.53.966c-.492.164-1.072.264-1.74.3-.668.034-1.763.052-3.287.052-1.523 0-2.619-.018-3.287-.053-.668-.035-1.248-.146-1.74-.334a3.747 3.747 0 0 1-1.53-.931 4.098 4.098 0 0 1-.966-1.53c-.164-.492-.264-1.072-.299-1.74C.424 10.87.406 9.773.406 8.25S.424 5.63.46 4.963c.035-.668.135-1.248.299-1.74.21-.586.533-1.096.967-1.53A4.098 4.098 0 0 1 3.254.727c.492-.164 1.072-.264 1.74-.3C5.662.394 6.758.376 8.281.376c1.524 0 2.62.018 3.287.053.668.035 1.248.135 1.74.299a4.098 4.098 0 0 1 2.496 2.496c.165.492.27 1.078.317 1.757zm-1.687 7.91c.14-.399.234-1.032.28-1.899.024-.515.036-1.242.036-2.18V7.689c0-.961-.012-1.688-.035-2.18-.047-.89-.14-1.524-.281-1.899a2.537 2.537 0 0 0-1.512-1.511c-.375-.14-1.008-.235-1.899-.282a51.292 51.292 0 0 0-2.18-.035H7.72c-.938 0-1.664.012-2.18.035-.867.047-1.5.141-1.898.282a2.537 2.537 0 0 0-1.512 1.511c-.14.375-.234 1.008-.281 1.899a51.292 51.292 0 0 0-.036 2.18v1.125c0 .937.012 1.664.036 2.18.047.866.14 1.5.28 1.898.306.726.81 1.23 1.513 1.511.398.141 1.03.235 1.898.282.516.023 1.242.035 2.18.035h1.125c.96 0 1.687-.012 2.18-.035.89-.047 1.523-.141 1.898-.282.726-.304 1.23-.808 1.512-1.511z"> </path> </g> </symbol> <symbol id="mono-icon-email" viewBox="0 0 512 512"> <g> <path d="M67,148.7c11,5.8,163.8,89.1,169.5,92.1c5.7,3,11.5,4.4,20.5,4.4c9,0,14.8-1.4,20.5-4.4c5.7-3,158.5-86.3,169.5-92.1 c4.1-2.1,11-5.9,12.5-10.2c2.6-7.6-0.2-10.5-11.3-10.5H257H65.8c-11.1,0-13.9,3-11.3,10.5C56,142.9,62.9,146.6,67,148.7z"> </path> <path d="M455.7,153.2c-8.2,4.2-81.8,56.6-130.5,88.1l82.2,92.5c2,2,2.9,4.4,1.8,5.6c-1.2,1.1-3.8,0.5-5.9-1.4l-98.6-83.2 c-14.9,9.6-25.4,16.2-27.2,17.2c-7.7,3.9-13.1,4.4-20.5,4.4c-7.4,0-12.8-0.5-20.5-4.4c-1.9-1-12.3-7.6-27.2-17.2l-98.6,83.2 c-2,2-4.7,2.6-5.9,1.4c-1.2-1.1-0.3-3.6,1.7-5.6l82.1-92.5c-48.7-31.5-123.1-83.9-131.3-88.1c-8.8-4.5-9.3,0.8-9.3,4.9 c0,4.1,0,205,0,205c0,9.3,13.7,20.9,23.5,20.9H257h185.5c9.8,0,21.5-11.7,21.5-20.9c0,0,0-201,0-205 C464,153.9,464.6,148.7,455.7,153.2z"></path> </g> </symbol> <symbol id="mono-icon-print" viewBox="0 0 12 12"> <g fill-rule="evenodd"> <path fill-rule="nonzero" d="M9 10V7H3v3H1a1 1 0 0 1-1-1V4a1 1 0 0 1 1-1h10a1 1 0 0 1 1 1v3.132A2.868 2.868 0 0 1 9.132 10H9zm.5-4.5a1 1 0 1 0 0-2 1 1 0 0 0 0 2zM3 0h6v2H3z"> </path> <path d="M4 8h4v4H4z"></path> </g> </symbol> <symbol id="mono-icon-copylink" viewBox="0 0 12 12"> <g fill-rule="evenodd"> <path d="M10.199 2.378c.222.205.4.548.465.897.062.332.016.614-.132.774L8.627 6.106c-.187.203-.512.232-.75-.014a.498.498 0 0 0-.706.028.499.499 0 0 0 .026.706 1.509 1.509 0 0 0 2.165-.04l1.903-2.06c.37-.398.506-.98.382-1.636-.105-.557-.392-1.097-.77-1.445L9.968.8C9.591.452 9.03.208 8.467.145 7.803.072 7.233.252 6.864.653L4.958 2.709a1.509 1.509 0 0 0 .126 2.161.5.5 0 1 0 .68-.734c-.264-.218-.26-.545-.071-.747L7.597 1.33c.147-.16.425-.228.76-.19.353.038.71.188.931.394l.91.843.001.001zM1.8 9.623c-.222-.205-.4-.549-.465-.897-.062-.332-.016-.614.132-.774l1.905-2.057c.187-.203.512-.232.75.014a.498.498 0 0 0 .706-.028.499.499 0 0 0-.026-.706 1.508 1.508 0 0 0-2.165.04L.734 7.275c-.37.399-.506.98-.382 1.637.105.557.392 1.097.77 1.445l.91.843c.376.35.937.594 1.5.656.664.073 1.234-.106 1.603-.507L7.04 9.291a1.508 1.508 0 0 0-.126-2.16.5.5 0 0 0-.68.734c.264.218.26.545.071.747l-1.904 2.057c-.147.16-.425.228-.76.191-.353-.038-.71-.188-.931-.394l-.91-.843z"> </path> <path d="M8.208 3.614a.5.5 0 0 0-.707.028L3.764 7.677a.5.5 0 0 0 .734.68L8.235 4.32a.5.5 0 0 0-.027-.707"> </path> </g> </symbol> <symbol id="mono-icon-flipboard" viewBox="0 0 500 500"> <g> <path d="M0,0V500H500V0ZM400,200H300V300H200V400H100V100H400Z"></path> </g> </symbol> <symbol id="mono-icon-linkedin" viewBox="0 0 16 17"> <g fill-rule="evenodd"> <path d="M3.734 16.125H.464V5.613h3.27zM2.117 4.172c-.515 0-.96-.188-1.336-.563A1.825 1.825 0 0 1 .22 2.273c0-.515.187-.96.562-1.335.375-.375.82-.563 1.336-.563.516 0 .961.188 1.336.563.375.375.563.82.563 1.335 0 .516-.188.961-.563 1.336-.375.375-.82.563-1.336.563zM15.969 16.125h-3.27v-5.133c0-.844-.07-1.453-.21-1.828-.259-.633-.762-.95-1.512-.95s-1.278.282-1.582.845c-.235.421-.352 1.043-.352 1.863v5.203H5.809V5.613h3.128v1.442h.036c.234-.469.609-.856 1.125-1.16.562-.375 1.218-.563 1.968-.563 1.524 0 2.59.48 3.2 1.441.468.774.703 1.97.703 3.586v5.766z"> </path> </g> </symbol> <symbol id="mono-icon-pinterest" viewBox="0 0 512 512"> <g> <path d="M256,32C132.3,32,32,132.3,32,256c0,91.7,55.2,170.5,134.1,205.2c-0.6-15.6-0.1-34.4,3.9-51.4 c4.3-18.2,28.8-122.1,28.8-122.1s-7.2-14.3-7.2-35.4c0-33.2,19.2-58,43.2-58c20.4,0,30.2,15.3,30.2,33.6 c0,20.5-13.1,51.1-19.8,79.5c-5.6,23.8,11.9,43.1,35.4,43.1c42.4,0,71-54.5,71-119.1c0-49.1-33.1-85.8-93.2-85.8 c-67.9,0-110.3,50.7-110.3,107.3c0,19.5,5.8,33.3,14.8,43.9c4.1,4.9,4.7,6.9,3.2,12.5c-1.1,4.1-3.5,14-4.6,18 c-1.5,5.7-6.1,7.7-11.2,5.6c-31.3-12.8-45.9-47-45.9-85.6c0-63.6,53.7-139.9,160.1-139.9c85.5,0,141.8,61.9,141.8,128.3 c0,87.9-48.9,153.5-120.9,153.5c-24.2,0-46.9-13.1-54.7-27.9c0,0-13,51.6-15.8,61.6c-4.7,17.3-14,34.5-22.5,48 c20.1,5.9,41.4,9.2,63.5,9.2c123.7,0,224-100.3,224-224C480,132.3,379.7,32,256,32z"></path> </g> </symbol> <symbol id="mono-icon-tumblr" viewBox="0 0 512 512"> <g> <path d="M321.2,396.3c-11.8,0-22.4-2.8-31.5-8.3c-6.9-4.1-11.5-9.6-14-16.4c-2.6-6.9-3.6-22.3-3.6-46.4V224h96v-64h-96V48h-61.9 c-2.7,21.5-7.5,44.7-14.5,58.6c-7,13.9-14,25.8-25.6,35.7c-11.6,9.9-25.6,17.9-41.9,23.3V224h48v140.4c0,19,2,33.5,5.9,43.5 c4,10,11.1,19.5,21.4,28.4c10.3,8.9,22.8,15.7,37.3,20.5c14.6,4.8,31.4,7.2,50.4,7.2c16.7,0,30.3-1.7,44.7-5.1 c14.4-3.4,30.5-9.3,48.2-17.6v-65.6C363.2,389.4,342.3,396.3,321.2,396.3z"></path> </g> </symbol> <symbol id="mono-icon-twitter" viewBox="0 0 512 512"> <path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M389.2 48h70.6L305.6 224.2 487 464H345L233.7 318.6 106.5 464H35.8L200.7 275.5 26.8 48H172.4L272.9 180.9 389.2 48zM364.4 421.8h39.1L151.1 88h-42L364.4 421.8z" /> </symbol> <symbol id="mono-icon-reddit" viewBox="0 0 512 512"> <path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M373 138.6c-25.2 0-46.3-17.5-51.9-41l0 0c-30.6 4.3-54.2 30.7-54.2 62.4l0 .2c47.4 1.8 90.6 15.1 124.9 36.3c12.6-9.7 28.4-15.5 45.5-15.5c41.3 0 74.7 33.4 74.7 74.7c0 29.8-17.4 55.5-42.7 67.5c-2.4 86.8-97 156.6-213.2 156.6S45.5 410.1 43 323.4C17.6 311.5 0 285.7 0 255.7c0-41.3 33.4-74.7 74.7-74.7c17.2 0 33 5.8 45.7 15.6c34-21.1 76.8-34.4 123.7-36.4l0-.3c0-44.3 33.7-80.9 76.8-85.5C325.8 50.2 347.2 32 373 32c29.4 0 53.3 23.9 53.3 53.3s-23.9 53.3-53.3 53.3zM157.5 255.3c-20.9 0-38.9 20.8-40.2 47.9s17.1 38.1 38 38.1s36.6-9.8 37.8-36.9s-14.7-49.1-35.7-49.1zM395 303.1c-1.2-27.1-19.2-47.9-40.2-47.9s-36.9 22-35.7 49.1c1.2 27.1 16.9 36.9 37.8 36.9s39.3-11 38-38.1zm-60.1 70.8c1.5-3.6-1-7.7-4.9-8.1c-23-2.3-47.9-3.6-73.8-3.6s-50.8 1.3-73.8 3.6c-3.9 .4-6.4 4.5-4.9 8.1c12.9 30.8 43.3 52.4 78.7 52.4s65.8-21.6 78.7-52.4z" /> </symbol> <symbol id="mono-icon-youtube" viewBox="0 0 512 512"> <g> <path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M508.6,148.8c0-45-33.1-81.2-74-81.2C379.2,65,322.7,64,265,64c-3,0-6,0-9,0s-6,0-9,0c-57.6,0-114.2,1-169.6,3.6 c-40.8,0-73.9,36.4-73.9,81.4C1,184.6-0.1,220.2,0,255.8C-0.1,291.4,1,327,3.4,362.7c0,45,33.1,81.5,73.9,81.5 c58.2,2.7,117.9,3.9,178.6,3.8c60.8,0.2,120.3-1,178.6-3.8c40.9,0,74-36.5,74-81.5c2.4-35.7,3.5-71.3,3.4-107 C512.1,220.1,511,184.5,508.6,148.8z M207,353.9V157.4l145,98.2L207,353.9z"></path> </g> </symbol> <symbol id="mono-icon-google" viewBox="0 0 46 46"> <defs> <filter x="-50%" y="-50%" width="200%" height="200%" filterUnits="objectBoundingBox" id="filter-1"> <feOffset dx="0" dy="1" in="SourceAlpha" result="shadowOffsetOuter1"></feOffset> <feGaussianBlur stdDeviation="0.5" in="shadowOffsetOuter1" result="shadowBlurOuter1"></feGaussianBlur> <feColorMatrix values="0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.168 0" in="shadowBlurOuter1" type="matrix" result="shadowMatrixOuter1"></feColorMatrix> <feOffset dx="0" dy="0" in="SourceAlpha" result="shadowOffsetOuter2"></feOffset> <feGaussianBlur stdDeviation="0.5" in="shadowOffsetOuter2" result="shadowBlurOuter2"></feGaussianBlur> <feColorMatrix values="0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.084 0" in="shadowBlurOuter2" type="matrix" result="shadowMatrixOuter2"></feColorMatrix> <feMerge> <feMergeNode in="shadowMatrixOuter1"></feMergeNode> <feMergeNode in="shadowMatrixOuter2"></feMergeNode> <feMergeNode in="SourceGraphic"></feMergeNode> </feMerge> </filter> <rect id="path-2" x="0" y="0" width="40" height="40" rx="2"></rect> </defs> <g id="Google-Button" stroke="none" stroke-width="1" fill="none" fill-rule="evenodd" sketch:type="MSPage"> <g id="9-PATCH" sketch:type="MSArtboardGroup" transform="translate(-668.000000, -160.000000)"></g> <g id="btn_google_light_focus" sketch:type="MSArtboardGroup" transform="translate(-1.000000, -1.000000)"> <g id="button" sketch:type="MSLayerGroup" transform="translate(4.000000, 4.000000)" filter="url(#filter-1)"> <g id="button-bg"> <use fill="#FFFFFF" fill-rule="evenodd" sketch:type="MSShapeGroup" xlink:href="#path-2"></use> <use fill="none" xlink:href="#path-2"></use> <use fill="none" xlink:href="#path-2"></use> <use fill="none" xlink:href="#path-2"></use> </g> </g> <g id="logo_googleg_48dp" sketch:type="MSLayerGroup" transform="translate(15.000000, 15.000000)"> <path d="M17.64,9.20454545 C17.64,8.56636364 17.5827273,7.95272727 17.4763636,7.36363636 L9,7.36363636 L9,10.845 L13.8436364,10.845 C13.635,11.97 13.0009091,12.9231818 12.0477273,13.5613636 L12.0477273,15.8195455 L14.9563636,15.8195455 C16.6581818,14.2527273 17.64,11.9454545 17.64,9.20454545 L17.64,9.20454545 Z" id="Shape" fill="#4285F4" sketch:type="MSShapeGroup"></path> <path d="M9,18 C11.43,18 13.4672727,17.1940909 14.9563636,15.8195455 L12.0477273,13.5613636 C11.2418182,14.1013636 10.2109091,14.4204545 9,14.4204545 C6.65590909,14.4204545 4.67181818,12.8372727 3.96409091,10.71 L0.957272727,10.71 L0.957272727,13.0418182 C2.43818182,15.9831818 5.48181818,18 9,18 L9,18 Z" id="Shape" fill="#34A853" sketch:type="MSShapeGroup"></path> <path d="M3.96409091,10.71 C3.78409091,10.17 3.68181818,9.59318182 3.68181818,9 C3.68181818,8.40681818 3.78409091,7.83 3.96409091,7.29 L3.96409091,4.95818182 L0.957272727,4.95818182 C0.347727273,6.17318182 0,7.54772727 0,9 C0,10.4522727 0.347727273,11.8268182 0.957272727,13.0418182 L3.96409091,10.71 L3.96409091,10.71 Z" id="Shape" fill="#FBBC05" sketch:type="MSShapeGroup"></path> <path d="M9,3.57954545 C10.3213636,3.57954545 11.5077273,4.03363636 12.4404545,4.92545455 L15.0218182,2.34409091 C13.4631818,0.891818182 11.4259091,0 9,0 C5.48181818,0 2.43818182,2.01681818 0.957272727,4.95818182 L3.96409091,7.29 C4.67181818,5.16272727 6.65590909,3.57954545 9,3.57954545 L9,3.57954545 Z" id="Shape" fill="#EA4335" sketch:type="MSShapeGroup"></path> <path d="M0,0 L18,0 L18,18 L0,18 L0,0 Z" id="Shape" sketch:type="MSShapeGroup"></path> </g> <g id="handles_square" sketch:type="MSLayerGroup"></g> </g> </g> </symbol> <symbol id="mono-icon-comments" viewBox="0 0 512 512"> <path d="M256 32C114.6 32 0 125.1 0 240c0 49.6 21.4 95 57 130.7C44.5 421.1 2.7 466 2.2 466.5a8 8 0 00-1.5 8.7c1.3 3 4.1 4.8 7.3 4.8 66.3 0 116-31.8 140.6-51.4A305 305 0 00256 448c141.4 0 256-93.1 256-208S397.4 32 256 32z"> </path> </symbol> <symbol id="icon-magnify" viewBox="0 0 512 512"> <g> <path d="M337.509,305.372h-17.501l-6.571-5.486c20.791-25.232,33.922-57.054,33.922-93.257 C347.358,127.632,283.896,64,205.135,64C127.452,64,64,127.632,64,206.629s63.452,142.628,142.225,142.628 c35.011,0,67.831-13.167,92.991-34.008l6.561,5.487v17.551L415.18,448L448,415.086L337.509,305.372z M206.225,305.372 c-54.702,0-98.463-43.887-98.463-98.743c0-54.858,43.761-98.742,98.463-98.742c54.7,0,98.462,43.884,98.462,98.742 C304.687,261.485,260.925,305.372,206.225,305.372z"></path> </g> </symbol> <symbol id="burger-menu" viewBox="0 0 14 10"> <g> <path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M0 5.5v-1h14v1H0zM0 1V0h14v1H0zm0 9V9h14v1H0z"></path> </g> </symbol> <symbol id="close-x" viewBox="0 0 14 14"> <g> <path fill-rule="nonzero" d="M6.336 7L0 .664.664 0 7 6.336 13.336 0 14 .664 7.664 7 14 13.336l-.664.664L7 7.664.664 14 0 13.336 6.336 7z"> </path> </g> </symbol> <symbol id="share-more-arrow" viewBox="0 0 512 512" style="enable-background:new 0 0 512 512;"> <g> <g> <path d="M512,241.7L273.643,3.343v156.152c-71.41,3.744-138.015,33.337-188.958,84.28C30.075,298.384,0,370.991,0,448.222v60.436 l29.069-52.985c45.354-82.671,132.173-134.027,226.573-134.027c5.986,0,12.004,0.212,18.001,0.632v157.779L512,241.7z M255.642,290.666c-84.543,0-163.661,36.792-217.939,98.885c26.634-114.177,129.256-199.483,251.429-199.483h15.489V78.131 l163.568,163.568L304.621,405.267V294.531l-13.585-1.683C279.347,291.401,267.439,290.666,255.642,290.666z"> </path> </g> </g> </symbol> <symbol id="chevron" viewBox="0 0 100 100"> <g> <path d="M22.4566257,37.2056786 L-21.4456527,71.9511488 C-22.9248661,72.9681457 -24.9073712,72.5311671 -25.8758148,70.9765924 L-26.9788683,69.2027424 C-27.9450684,67.6481676 -27.5292733,65.5646602 -26.0500598,64.5484493 L20.154796,28.2208967 C21.5532435,27.2597011 23.3600078,27.2597011 24.759951,28.2208967 L71.0500598,64.4659264 C72.5292733,65.4829232 72.9450684,67.5672166 71.9788683,69.1217913 L70.8750669,70.8956413 C69.9073712,72.4502161 67.9241183,72.8848368 66.4449048,71.8694118 L22.4566257,37.2056786 Z" id="Transparent-Chevron" transform="translate(22.500000, 50.000000) rotate(90.000000) translate(-22.500000, -50.000000) "></path> </g> </symbol> <symbol id="play-arrow" viewBox="0 0 30 30"> <g fill="none" fill-rule="evenodd"> <path d="M9 9l12 6-12 6z"></path> </g> </symbol> <symbol id="bookmark" viewBox="0 0 9 12"> <g> <path fill="none" fill-rule="evenodd" d="M.5.5v10.997l3.431-2.374a1 1 0 0 1 1.138 0L8.5 11.497V.5h-8z"> </path> </g> </symbol> <symbol id="heart" viewBox="0 0 14 12"> <g> <path fill="none" fill-rule="evenodd" d="M10.24.5c-1.098 0-2.152.576-2.808 1.7L7 2.938l-.432-.74C5.912 1.076 4.858.5 3.76.5 1.996.5.5 1.899.5 3.859.5 5.2 1.644 6.912 3.57 8.747a27.774 27.774 0 0 0 3.373 2.738A.099.099 0 0 0 7 11.5a.104.104 0 0 0 .061-.018 27.75 27.75 0 0 0 3.368-2.735C12.356 6.912 13.5 5.201 13.5 3.859 13.5 1.899 12.003.5 10.24.5z"> </path> </g> </symbol> <symbol id="grid" viewBox="0 0 32 32"> <g> <path d="M6.4,5.7 C6.4,6.166669 6.166669,6.4 5.7,6.4 L0.7,6.4 C0.233331,6.4 0,6.166669 0,5.7 L0,0.7 C0,0.233331 0.233331,0 0.7,0 L5.7,0 C6.166669,0 6.4,0.233331 6.4,0.7 L6.4,5.7 Z M19.2,5.7 C19.2,6.166669 18.966669,6.4 18.5,6.4 L13.5,6.4 C13.033331,6.4 12.8,6.166669 12.8,5.7 L12.8,0.7 C12.8,0.233331 13.033331,0 13.5,0 L18.5,0 C18.966669,0 19.2,0.233331 19.2,0.7 L19.2,5.7 Z M32,5.7 C32,6.166669 31.766669,6.4 31.3,6.4 L26.3,6.4 C25.833331,6.4 25.6,6.166669 25.6,5.7 L25.6,0.7 C25.6,0.233331 25.833331,0 26.3,0 L31.3,0 C31.766669,0 32,0.233331 32,0.7 L32,5.7 Z M6.4,18.5 C6.4,18.966669 6.166669,19.2 5.7,19.2 L0.7,19.2 C0.233331,19.2 0,18.966669 0,18.5 L0,13.5 C0,13.033331 0.233331,12.8 0.7,12.8 L5.7,12.8 C6.166669,12.8 6.4,13.033331 6.4,13.5 L6.4,18.5 Z M19.2,18.5 C19.2,18.966669 18.966669,19.2 18.5,19.2 L13.5,19.2 C13.033331,19.2 12.8,18.966669 12.8,18.5 L12.8,13.5 C12.8,13.033331 13.033331,12.8 13.5,12.8 L18.5,12.8 C18.966669,12.8 19.2,13.033331 19.2,13.5 L19.2,18.5 Z M32,18.5 C32,18.966669 31.766669,19.2 31.3,19.2 L26.3,19.2 C25.833331,19.2 25.6,18.966669 25.6,18.5 L25.6,13.5 C25.6,13.033331 25.833331,12.8 26.3,12.8 L31.3,12.8 C31.766669,12.8 32,13.033331 32,13.5 L32,18.5 Z M6.4,31.3 C6.4,31.766669 6.166669,32 5.7,32 L0.7,32 C0.233331,32 0,31.766669 0,31.3 L0,26.3 C0,25.833331 0.233331,25.6 0.7,25.6 L5.7,25.6 C6.166669,25.6 6.4,25.833331 6.4,26.3 L6.4,31.3 Z M19.2,31.3 C19.2,31.766669 18.966669,32 18.5,32 L13.5,32 C13.033331,32 12.8,31.766669 12.8,31.3 L12.8,26.3 C12.8,25.833331 13.033331,25.6 13.5,25.6 L18.5,25.6 C18.966669,25.6 19.2,25.833331 19.2,26.3 L19.2,31.3 Z M32,31.3 C32,31.766669 31.766669,32 31.3,32 L26.3,32 C25.833331,32 25.6,31.766669 25.6,31.3 L25.6,26.3 C25.6,25.833331 25.833331,25.6 26.3,25.6 L31.3,25.6 C31.766669,25.6 32,25.833331 32,26.3 L32,31.3 Z" id=""></path> </g> </symbol> <symbol id="filter" viewBox="0 0 16 12"> <path d="M0 2V0h16v2H0zm2.4 5V5h11.2v2H2.4zm2.4 5v-2h6.4v2H4.8z"></path> </symbol> <symbol id="googlenews" x="0" y="0" viewBox="0 0 6550.8 5359.7"> <path fill="#0C9D58" d="M5210.8 3635.7c0 91.2-75.2 165.9-167.1 165.9H1507c-91.9 0-167.1-74.7-167.1-165.9V165.9C1339.9 74.7 1415.1 0 1507 0h3536.8c91.9 0 167.1 74.7 167.1 165.9v3469.8z" /> <polygon opacity=".2" fill="#004D40" points="5210.8,892 3885.3,721.4 5210.8,1077" /> <path opacity=".2" fill="#004D40" d="M3339.3 180.9L1332 1077.2l2218.5-807.5v-2.2c-39-83.6-134-122.6-211.2-86.6z" /> <path opacity=".2" fill="#FFFFFF" d="M5043.8 0H1507c-91.9 0-167.1 74.7-167.1 165.9v37.2c0-91.2 75.2-165.9 167.1-165.9h3536.8c91.9 0 167.1 74.7 167.1 165.9v-37.2C5210.8 74.7 5135.7 0 5043.8 0z" /> <path fill="#EA4335" d="M2198.2 3529.1c-23.9 89.1 23.8 180 106 202l3275.8 881c82.2 22 169-32.9 192.8-122l771.7-2880c23.9-89.1-23.8-180-106-202l-3275.8-881c-82.2-22-169 32.9-192.8 122l-771.7 2880z" /> <polygon opacity=".2" fill="#3E2723" points="5806.4,2638.1 5978.7,3684.8 5806.4,4328.1" /> <polygon opacity=".2" fill="#3E2723" points="3900.8,764.1 4055.2,805.6 4151,1451.6" /> <path opacity=".2" fill="#FFFFFF" d="M6438.6 1408.1l-3275.8-881c-82.2-22-169 32.9-192.8 122l-771.7 2880c-1.3 4.8-1.6 9.7-2.5 14.5l765.9-2858.2c23.9-89.1 110.7-144 192.8-122l3275.8 881c77.7 20.8 123.8 103.3 108.5 187.6l5.9-21.9c23.8-89.1-23.9-180-106.1-202z" /> <path fill="#FFC107" d="M4778.1 3174.4c31.5 86.7-8.1 181.4-88 210.5L1233.4 4643c-80 29.1-171.2-18-202.7-104.7L10.9 1736.5c-31.5-86.7 8.1-181.4 88-210.5L3555.6 267.9c80-29.1 171.2 18 202.7 104.7l1019.8 2801.8z" /> <path opacity=".2" fill="#FFFFFF" d="M24 1771.8c-31.5-86.7 8.1-181.4 88-210.5L3568.7 303.1c79.1-28.8 169 17.1 201.5 102l-11.9-32.6c-31.6-86.7-122.8-133.8-202.7-104.7L98.9 1526c-80 29.1-119.6 123.8-88 210.5l1019.8 2801.8c.3.9.9 1.7 1.3 2.7L24 1771.8z" /> <path fill="#4285F4" d="M5806.4 5192.2c0 92.1-75.4 167.5-167.5 167.5h-4727c-92.1 0-167.5-75.4-167.5-167.5V1619.1c0-92.1 75.4-167.5 167.5-167.5h4727c92.1 0 167.5 75.4 167.5 167.5v3573.1z" /> <path fill="#FFFFFF" d="M4903.8 2866H3489.4v-372.2h1414.4c41.1 0 74.4 33.3 74.4 74.4v223.3c0 41.1-33.3 74.5-74.4 74.5zM4903.8 4280.3H3489.4v-372.2h1414.4c41.1 0 74.4 33.3 74.4 74.4v223.3c0 41.2-33.3 74.5-74.4 74.5zM5127.1 3573.1H3489.4v-372.2h1637.7c41.1 0 74.4 33.3 74.4 74.4v223.3c0 41.2-33.3 74.5-74.4 74.5z" /> <path opacity=".2" fill="#1A237E" d="M5638.9 5322.5h-4727c-92.1 0-167.5-75.4-167.5-167.5v37.2c0 92.1 75.4 167.5 167.5 167.5h4727c92.1 0 167.5-75.4 167.5-167.5V5155c0 92.1-75.4 167.5-167.5 167.5z" /> <path opacity=".2" fill="#FFFFFF" d="M911.9 1488.8h4727c92.1 0 167.5 75.4 167.5 167.5v-37.2c0-92.1-75.4-167.5-167.5-167.5h-4727c-92.1 0-167.5 75.4-167.5 167.5v37.2c0-92.1 75.4-167.5 167.5-167.5z" /> <path fill="#FFFFFF" d="M2223.9 3238.2v335.7h481.7c-39.8 204.5-219.6 352.8-481.7 352.8-292.4 0-529.5-247.3-529.5-539.7s237.1-539.7 529.5-539.7c131.7 0 249.6 45.3 342.7 134v.2l254.9-254.9c-154.8-144.3-356.7-232.8-597.7-232.8-493.3 0-893.3 399.9-893.3 893.3s399.9 893.3 893.3 893.3c515.9 0 855.3-362.7 855.3-873 0-58.5-5.4-114.9-14.1-169.2h-841.1z" /> <g opacity=".2" fill="#1A237E"> <path d="M2233.2 3573.9v37.2h472.7c3.5-12.2 6.5-24.6 9-37.2h-481.7z" /> <path d="M2233.2 4280.3c-487.1 0-882.9-389.9-892.8-874.7-.1 6.2-.5 12.4-.5 18.6 0 493.4 399.9 893.3 893.3 893.3 515.9 0 855.3-362.7 855.3-873 0-4.1-.5-7.9-.5-12-11.1 497-347.4 847.8-854.8 847.8zM2575.9 2981.3c-93.1-88.6-211.1-134-342.7-134-292.4 0-529.5 247.3-529.5 539.7 0 6.3.7 12.4.9 18.6 9.9-284.2 242.4-521.1 528.6-521.1 131.7 0 249.6 45.3 342.7 134v.2l273.5-273.5c-6.4-6-13.5-11.3-20.1-17.1L2576 2981.5l-.1-.2z" /> </g> <path opacity=".2" fill="#1A237E" d="M4978.2 2828.7v-37.2c0 41.1-33.3 74.4-74.4 74.4H3489.4v37.2h1414.4c41.1.1 74.4-33.2 74.4-74.4zM4903.8 4280.3H3489.4v37.2h1414.4c41.1 0 74.4-33.3 74.4-74.4v-37.2c0 41.1-33.3 74.4-74.4 74.4zM5127.1 3573.1H3489.4v37.2h1637.7c41.1 0 74.4-33.3 74.4-74.4v-37.2c0 41.1-33.3 74.4-74.4 74.4z" /> <radialGradient id="a" cx="1476.404" cy="434.236" r="6370.563" gradientUnits="userSpaceOnUse"> <stop offset="0" stop-color="#fff" stop-opacity=".1" /> <stop offset="1" stop-color="#fff" stop-opacity="0" /> </radialGradient> <path fill="url(#a)" d="M6438.6 1408.1l-1227.7-330.2v-912c0-91.2-75.2-165.9-167.1-165.9H1507c-91.9 0-167.1 74.7-167.1 165.9v908.4L98.9 1526c-80 29.1-119.6 123.8-88 210.5l733.5 2015.4v1440.3c0 92.1 75.4 167.5 167.5 167.5h4727c92.1 0 167.5-75.4 167.5-167.5v-826.9l738.3-2755.2c23.8-89.1-23.9-180-106.1-202z" /> </symbol> </svg> <ps-header class="Page-header" itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/WPHeader"> <div class="Page-header-hamburger-menu"> <div class="Page-header-hamburger-menu-wrapper"> <div class="Page-header-hamburger-menu-content"> <nav class="Navigation" itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/SiteNavigationElement"> <ul class="Navigation-items"> <li class="Navigation-items-item" ><div class="NavigationItem" > <div class="NavigationItem-text"> <a class="NavigationItem-text-link" href="https://newatlas.com/subscribe/" data-cms-ai="0">SUBSCRIBE AD-FREE</a> </div> </div> </li> <li class="Navigation-items-item" ><div class="NavigationItem" > <div class="NavigationItem-text"> <a class="NavigationItem-text-link" href="https://newatlas.com/login/?sourceUrl=https%3A%2F%2Fnewatlas.com%2Fmanufacturing%2F" data-cms-ai="0">LOG IN</a> </div> </div> </li> </ul> </nav> <nav class="Navigation" itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/SiteNavigationElement"> <ul class="Navigation-items"> <li class="Navigation-items-item" ><div class="NavigationItem" > <div class="NavigationItem-text"> <a class="NavigationItem-text-link" href="https://newatlas.com/" data-cms-ai="0">HOME</a> </div> </div></li> <li class="Navigation-items-item" ><div class="NavigationItem" > <div class="NavigationItem-text"> <a class="NavigationItem-text-link" href="https://newatlas.com/science/" data-cms-ai="0">SCIENCE</a> <div class="NavigationItem-more"> <button aria-label="Open Sub Navigation"><svg class="chevron"><use xlink:href="#chevron"></use></svg></button> </div> </div> <ul class="NavigationItem-items"> <li class="NavigationItem-items-item" > <a class="NavigationLink" href="https://newatlas.com/biology/" data-cms-ai="0">Biology</a> </li> <li class="NavigationItem-items-item" > <a class="NavigationLink" href="https://newatlas.com/environment/" data-cms-ai="0">Environment</a> </li> <li class="NavigationItem-items-item" > <a class="NavigationLink" href="https://newatlas.com/materials/" data-cms-ai="0">Materials </a> </li> <li class="NavigationItem-items-item" > <a class="NavigationLink" href="https://newatlas.com/medical/" data-cms-ai="0">Medical</a> </li> <li class="NavigationItem-items-item" > <a class="NavigationLink" href="https://newatlas.com/physics/" data-cms-ai="0">Physics</a> </li> <li class="NavigationItem-items-item" > <a class="NavigationLink" href="https://newatlas.com/space/" data-cms-ai="0">Space</a> </li> <li class="NavigationItem-items-item" > <a class="NavigationLink" href="https://newatlas.com/science/" data-cms-ai="0">View all SCIENCE news</a> </li> </ul> <ul class="NavigationItem-items-placeholder"> <li class="NavigationItem-items-item"> <a class="NavigationLink" href="https://newatlas.com/biology/" data-cms-ai="0">Biology</a> </li> <li class="NavigationItem-items-item"> <a class="NavigationLink" href="https://newatlas.com/environment/" data-cms-ai="0">Environment</a> </li> <li class="NavigationItem-items-item"> <a class="NavigationLink" href="https://newatlas.com/materials/" data-cms-ai="0">Materials </a> </li> <li class="NavigationItem-items-item"> <a class="NavigationLink" href="https://newatlas.com/medical/" data-cms-ai="0">Medical</a> </li> <li class="NavigationItem-items-item"> <a class="NavigationLink" href="https://newatlas.com/physics/" data-cms-ai="0">Physics</a> </li> <li class="NavigationItem-items-item"> <a class="NavigationLink" href="https://newatlas.com/space/" data-cms-ai="0">Space</a> </li> <li class="NavigationItem-items-item"> <a class="NavigationLink" href="https://newatlas.com/science/" data-cms-ai="0">View all SCIENCE news</a> </li> </ul> </div></li> <li class="Navigation-items-item" ><div class="NavigationItem" > <div class="NavigationItem-text"> <a class="NavigationItem-text-link" href="https://newatlas.com/technology/" data-cms-ai="0">TECH</a> <div class="NavigationItem-more"> <button aria-label="Open Sub Navigation"><svg class="chevron"><use xlink:href="#chevron"></use></svg></button> </div> </div> <ul class="NavigationItem-items"> <li class="NavigationItem-items-item" > <a class="NavigationLink" href="https://newatlas.com/ai-humanoids/" data-cms-ai="0">AI & Humanoids</a> </li> <li class="NavigationItem-items-item" > <a class="NavigationLink" href="https://newatlas.com/consumer-tech/" data-cms-ai="0">Consumer Tech</a> </li> <li class="NavigationItem-items-item" > <a class="NavigationLink" href="https://newatlas.com/energy/" data-cms-ai="0">Energy</a> </li> <li class="NavigationItem-items-item" > <a class="NavigationLink" href="https://newatlas.com/manufacturing/" data-cms-ai="0">Manufacturing</a> </li> <li class="NavigationItem-items-item" > <a class="NavigationLink" href="https://newatlas.com/military/" data-cms-ai="0">Military </a> </li> <li class="NavigationItem-items-item" > <a class="NavigationLink" href="https://newatlas.com/robotics/" data-cms-ai="0">Robotics</a> </li> <li class="NavigationItem-items-item" > <a class="NavigationLink" href="https://newatlas.com/deals/" data-cms-ai="0">Deals</a> </li> <li class="NavigationItem-items-item" > <a class="NavigationLink" href="https://newatlas.com/technology/" data-cms-ai="0">View all TECHNOLOGY news</a> </li> </ul> <ul class="NavigationItem-items-placeholder"> <li class="NavigationItem-items-item"> <a class="NavigationLink" href="https://newatlas.com/ai-humanoids/" data-cms-ai="0">AI & Humanoids</a> </li> <li class="NavigationItem-items-item"> <a class="NavigationLink" href="https://newatlas.com/consumer-tech/" data-cms-ai="0">Consumer Tech</a> </li> <li class="NavigationItem-items-item"> <a class="NavigationLink" href="https://newatlas.com/energy/" data-cms-ai="0">Energy</a> </li> <li class="NavigationItem-items-item"> <a class="NavigationLink" href="https://newatlas.com/manufacturing/" data-cms-ai="0">Manufacturing</a> </li> <li class="NavigationItem-items-item"> <a class="NavigationLink" href="https://newatlas.com/military/" data-cms-ai="0">Military </a> </li> <li class="NavigationItem-items-item"> <a class="NavigationLink" href="https://newatlas.com/robotics/" data-cms-ai="0">Robotics</a> </li> <li class="NavigationItem-items-item"> <a class="NavigationLink" href="https://newatlas.com/deals/" data-cms-ai="0">Deals</a> </li> <li class="NavigationItem-items-item"> <a class="NavigationLink" href="https://newatlas.com/technology/" data-cms-ai="0">View all TECHNOLOGY news</a> </li> </ul> </div></li> <li class="Navigation-items-item" ><div class="NavigationItem" > <div class="NavigationItem-text"> <a class="NavigationItem-text-link" href="https://newatlas.com/transport/" data-cms-ai="0">TRANSPORT</a> <div class="NavigationItem-more"> <button aria-label="Open Sub Navigation"><svg class="chevron"><use xlink:href="#chevron"></use></svg></button> </div> </div> <ul class="NavigationItem-items"> <li class="NavigationItem-items-item" > <a class="NavigationLink" href="https://newatlas.com/aircraft/" data-cms-ai="0">Aircraft</a> </li> <li class="NavigationItem-items-item" > <a class="NavigationLink" href="https://newatlas.com/automotive/" data-cms-ai="0">Automotive </a> </li> <li class="NavigationItem-items-item" > <a class="NavigationLink" href="https://newatlas.com/bicycles/" data-cms-ai="0">Bicycles </a> </li> <li class="NavigationItem-items-item" > <a class="NavigationLink" href="https://newatlas.com/marine/" data-cms-ai="0">Marine</a> </li> <li class="NavigationItem-items-item" > <a class="NavigationLink" href="https://newatlas.com/motorcycles/" data-cms-ai="0">Motorcycles</a> </li> <li class="NavigationItem-items-item" > <a class="NavigationLink" href="https://newatlas.com/urban-transport/" data-cms-ai="0">Urban Transport</a> </li> <li class="NavigationItem-items-item" > <a class="NavigationLink" href="https://newatlas.com/transport/" data-cms-ai="0">View all TRANSPORT news</a> </li> </ul> <ul class="NavigationItem-items-placeholder"> <li class="NavigationItem-items-item"> <a class="NavigationLink" href="https://newatlas.com/aircraft/" data-cms-ai="0">Aircraft</a> </li> <li class="NavigationItem-items-item"> <a class="NavigationLink" href="https://newatlas.com/automotive/" data-cms-ai="0">Automotive </a> </li> <li class="NavigationItem-items-item"> <a class="NavigationLink" href="https://newatlas.com/bicycles/" data-cms-ai="0">Bicycles </a> </li> <li class="NavigationItem-items-item"> <a class="NavigationLink" href="https://newatlas.com/marine/" data-cms-ai="0">Marine</a> </li> <li class="NavigationItem-items-item"> <a class="NavigationLink" href="https://newatlas.com/motorcycles/" data-cms-ai="0">Motorcycles</a> </li> <li class="NavigationItem-items-item"> <a class="NavigationLink" href="https://newatlas.com/urban-transport/" data-cms-ai="0">Urban Transport</a> </li> <li class="NavigationItem-items-item"> <a class="NavigationLink" href="https://newatlas.com/transport/" data-cms-ai="0">View all TRANSPORT news</a> </li> </ul> </div></li> <li class="Navigation-items-item" ><div class="NavigationItem" > <div class="NavigationItem-text"> <a class="NavigationItem-text-link" href="https://newatlas.com/lifestyle/" data-cms-ai="0">LIFESTYLE</a> <div class="NavigationItem-more"> <button aria-label="Open Sub Navigation"><svg class="chevron"><use xlink:href="#chevron"></use></svg></button> </div> </div> <ul class="NavigationItem-items"> <li class="NavigationItem-items-item" > <a class="NavigationLink" href="https://newatlas.com/outdoors/" data-cms-ai="0">Outdoors</a> </li> <li class="NavigationItem-items-item" > <a class="NavigationLink" href="https://newatlas.com/tiny-houses/" data-cms-ai="0">Tiny Houses</a> </li> <li class="NavigationItem-items-item" > <a class="NavigationLink" href="https://newatlas.com/architecture/" data-cms-ai="0">Architecture</a> </li> <li class="NavigationItem-items-item" > <a class="NavigationLink" href="https://newatlas.com/good-thinking/" data-cms-ai="0">Good Thinking </a> </li> <li class="NavigationItem-items-item" > <a class="NavigationLink" href="https://newatlas.com/holiday-destinations/" data-cms-ai="0">Holiday Destinations </a> </li> <li class="NavigationItem-items-item" > <a class="NavigationLink" href="https://newatlas.com/lifestyle/" data-cms-ai="0">View all LIFESTYLE news</a> </li> </ul> <ul class="NavigationItem-items-placeholder"> <li class="NavigationItem-items-item"> <a class="NavigationLink" href="https://newatlas.com/outdoors/" data-cms-ai="0">Outdoors</a> </li> <li class="NavigationItem-items-item"> <a class="NavigationLink" href="https://newatlas.com/tiny-houses/" data-cms-ai="0">Tiny Houses</a> </li> <li class="NavigationItem-items-item"> <a class="NavigationLink" href="https://newatlas.com/architecture/" data-cms-ai="0">Architecture</a> </li> <li class="NavigationItem-items-item"> <a class="NavigationLink" href="https://newatlas.com/good-thinking/" data-cms-ai="0">Good Thinking </a> </li> <li class="NavigationItem-items-item"> <a class="NavigationLink" href="https://newatlas.com/holiday-destinations/" data-cms-ai="0">Holiday Destinations </a> </li> <li class="NavigationItem-items-item"> <a class="NavigationLink" href="https://newatlas.com/lifestyle/" data-cms-ai="0">View all LIFESTYLE news</a> </li> </ul> </div></li> <li class="Navigation-items-item" ><div class="NavigationItem" > <div class="NavigationItem-text"> <a class="NavigationItem-text-link" href="https://newatlas.com/medical/" data-cms-ai="0">BODY & MIND</a> <div class="NavigationItem-more"> <button aria-label="Open Sub Navigation"><svg class="chevron"><use xlink:href="#chevron"></use></svg></button> </div> </div> <ul class="NavigationItem-items"> <li class="NavigationItem-items-item" > <a class="NavigationLink" href="https://newatlas.com/medical-tech/" data-cms-ai="0">Medical Innovations</a> </li> <li class="NavigationItem-items-item" > <a class="NavigationLink" href="https://newatlas.com/health-wellbeing/" data-cms-ai="0">Wellness & Healthy Living</a> </li> <li class="NavigationItem-items-item" > <a class="NavigationLink" href="https://newatlas.com/disease/" data-cms-ai="0">Illnesses and conditions</a> </li> <li class="NavigationItem-items-item" > <a class="NavigationLink" href="https://newatlas.com/brain/" data-cms-ai="0">Brain Health</a> </li> </ul> <ul class="NavigationItem-items-placeholder"> <li class="NavigationItem-items-item"> <a class="NavigationLink" href="https://newatlas.com/medical-tech/" data-cms-ai="0">Medical Innovations</a> </li> <li class="NavigationItem-items-item"> <a class="NavigationLink" href="https://newatlas.com/health-wellbeing/" data-cms-ai="0">Wellness & Healthy Living</a> </li> <li class="NavigationItem-items-item"> <a class="NavigationLink" href="https://newatlas.com/disease/" data-cms-ai="0">Illnesses and conditions</a> </li> <li class="NavigationItem-items-item"> <a class="NavigationLink" href="https://newatlas.com/brain/" data-cms-ai="0">Brain Health</a> </li> </ul> </div></li> </ul> </nav> <div class="Page-header-disclaimer">© 2025 New Atlas</div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="Page-header-logo"> <a class="PageLogo" aria-label="Home page" href="/" data-cms-ai="0" > <img src="https://assets.newatlas.com/a8/5e/5eaad61d47d18e16b6a5669ef0ea/new-atlas-masthead-mini-1.svg" alt="New Atlas Logo" width="252" height="35" /></a> </div> <div class="Page-header-bar"> <button class="Page-header-menu-trigger" aria-expanded="false" tabindex="1"><svg class="burger-menu"><use xlink:href="#burger-menu"></use></svg><svg class="close-x"><use xlink:href="#close-x"></use></svg><span class="label">Menu</span></button> <div class="Page-header-bar-navigation"> <nav class="DropdownNavigation" itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/SiteNavigationElement"> <ul class="DropdownNavigation-items"> <li class="DropdownNavigation-items-item" > <div class="DropdownNavigationItem" > <div class="DropdownNavigationItem-text"> <a class="DropdownNavigationItem-text-link" href="https://newatlas.com/" data-cms-ai="0">HOME</a> </div> </div> </li> <li class="DropdownNavigation-items-item" > <div class="DropdownNavigationItem" > <div class="DropdownNavigationItem-text"> <a class="DropdownNavigationItem-text-link" href="https://newatlas.com/science/" data-cms-ai="0">SCIENCE</a> <div class="DropdownNavigationItem-more"> <svg class="chevron"><use xlink:href="#chevron"></use></svg> </div> </div> <div class="DropdownNavigationItem-dropdown" data-fullwidth> <ul class="DropdownNavigationItem-items"> <li class="DropdownNavigationItem-items-item" > <a class="NavigationLink" href="https://newatlas.com/biology/" data-cms-ai="0">Biology</a> </li> <li class="DropdownNavigationItem-items-item" > <a class="NavigationLink" href="https://newatlas.com/environment/" data-cms-ai="0">Environment</a> </li> <li class="DropdownNavigationItem-items-item" > <a class="NavigationLink" href="https://newatlas.com/materials/" data-cms-ai="0">Materials </a> </li> <li class="DropdownNavigationItem-items-item" > <a class="NavigationLink" href="https://newatlas.com/medical/" data-cms-ai="0">Medical</a> </li> <li class="DropdownNavigationItem-items-item" > <a class="NavigationLink" href="https://newatlas.com/physics/" data-cms-ai="0">Physics</a> </li> <li class="DropdownNavigationItem-items-item" > <a class="NavigationLink" href="https://newatlas.com/space/" data-cms-ai="0">Space</a> </li> <li class="DropdownNavigationItem-items-item" > <a class="NavigationLink" href="https://newatlas.com/science/" data-cms-ai="0">View all SCIENCE news</a> </li> </ul> <div class="DropdownNavigationItem-featured" data-featured-endpoint="https://newatlas.com/api/featured?id=0000016b-73e8-dde6-adef-f3fbfe410000"> </div> </div> </div> </li> <li class="DropdownNavigation-items-item" > <div class="DropdownNavigationItem" > <div class="DropdownNavigationItem-text"> <a class="DropdownNavigationItem-text-link" href="https://newatlas.com/technology/" data-cms-ai="0">TECH</a> <div class="DropdownNavigationItem-more"> <svg class="chevron"><use xlink:href="#chevron"></use></svg> </div> </div> <div class="DropdownNavigationItem-dropdown" data-fullwidth> <ul class="DropdownNavigationItem-items"> <li class="DropdownNavigationItem-items-item" > <a class="NavigationLink" href="https://newatlas.com/ai-humanoids/" data-cms-ai="0">AI & Humanoids</a> </li> <li class="DropdownNavigationItem-items-item" > <a class="NavigationLink" href="https://newatlas.com/consumer-tech/" data-cms-ai="0">Consumer Tech</a> </li> <li class="DropdownNavigationItem-items-item" > <a class="NavigationLink" href="https://newatlas.com/energy/" data-cms-ai="0">Energy</a> </li> <li class="DropdownNavigationItem-items-item" > <a class="NavigationLink" href="https://newatlas.com/manufacturing/" data-cms-ai="0">Manufacturing</a> </li> <li class="DropdownNavigationItem-items-item" > <a class="NavigationLink" href="https://newatlas.com/military/" data-cms-ai="0">Military </a> </li> <li class="DropdownNavigationItem-items-item" > <a class="NavigationLink" href="https://newatlas.com/robotics/" data-cms-ai="0">Robotics</a> </li> <li class="DropdownNavigationItem-items-item" > <a class="NavigationLink" href="https://newatlas.com/deals/" data-cms-ai="0">Deals</a> </li> <li class="DropdownNavigationItem-items-item" > <a class="NavigationLink" href="https://newatlas.com/technology/" data-cms-ai="0">View all TECHNOLOGY news</a> </li> </ul> <div class="DropdownNavigationItem-featured" data-featured-endpoint="https://newatlas.com/api/featured?id=0000016b-73e8-dde6-adef-f3fbfe100000"> </div> </div> </div> </li> <li class="DropdownNavigation-items-item" > <div class="DropdownNavigationItem" > <div class="DropdownNavigationItem-text"> <a class="DropdownNavigationItem-text-link" href="https://newatlas.com/transport/" data-cms-ai="0">TRANSPORT</a> <div class="DropdownNavigationItem-more"> <svg class="chevron"><use xlink:href="#chevron"></use></svg> </div> </div> <div class="DropdownNavigationItem-dropdown" data-fullwidth> <ul class="DropdownNavigationItem-items"> <li class="DropdownNavigationItem-items-item" > <a class="NavigationLink" href="https://newatlas.com/aircraft/" data-cms-ai="0">Aircraft</a> </li> <li class="DropdownNavigationItem-items-item" > <a class="NavigationLink" href="https://newatlas.com/automotive/" data-cms-ai="0">Automotive </a> </li> <li class="DropdownNavigationItem-items-item" > <a class="NavigationLink" href="https://newatlas.com/bicycles/" data-cms-ai="0">Bicycles </a> </li> <li class="DropdownNavigationItem-items-item" > <a class="NavigationLink" href="https://newatlas.com/marine/" data-cms-ai="0">Marine</a> </li> <li class="DropdownNavigationItem-items-item" > <a class="NavigationLink" href="https://newatlas.com/motorcycles/" data-cms-ai="0">Motorcycles</a> </li> <li class="DropdownNavigationItem-items-item" > <a class="NavigationLink" href="https://newatlas.com/urban-transport/" data-cms-ai="0">Urban Transport</a> </li> <li class="DropdownNavigationItem-items-item" > <a class="NavigationLink" href="https://newatlas.com/transport/" data-cms-ai="0">View all TRANSPORT news</a> </li> </ul> <div class="DropdownNavigationItem-featured" data-featured-endpoint="https://newatlas.com/api/featured?id=0000016b-73e8-dde6-adef-f3fbfdae0000"> </div> </div> </div> </li> <li class="DropdownNavigation-items-item" > <div class="DropdownNavigationItem" > <div class="DropdownNavigationItem-text"> <a class="DropdownNavigationItem-text-link" href="https://newatlas.com/lifestyle/" data-cms-ai="0">LIFESTYLE</a> <div class="DropdownNavigationItem-more"> <svg class="chevron"><use xlink:href="#chevron"></use></svg> </div> </div> <div class="DropdownNavigationItem-dropdown" data-fullwidth> <ul class="DropdownNavigationItem-items"> <li class="DropdownNavigationItem-items-item" > <a class="NavigationLink" href="https://newatlas.com/outdoors/" data-cms-ai="0">Outdoors</a> </li> <li class="DropdownNavigationItem-items-item" > <a class="NavigationLink" href="https://newatlas.com/tiny-houses/" data-cms-ai="0">Tiny Houses</a> </li> <li class="DropdownNavigationItem-items-item" > <a class="NavigationLink" href="https://newatlas.com/architecture/" data-cms-ai="0">Architecture</a> </li> <li class="DropdownNavigationItem-items-item" > <a class="NavigationLink" href="https://newatlas.com/good-thinking/" data-cms-ai="0">Good Thinking </a> </li> <li class="DropdownNavigationItem-items-item" > <a class="NavigationLink" href="https://newatlas.com/holiday-destinations/" data-cms-ai="0">Holiday Destinations </a> </li> <li class="DropdownNavigationItem-items-item" > <a class="NavigationLink" href="https://newatlas.com/lifestyle/" data-cms-ai="0">View all LIFESTYLE news</a> </li> </ul> <div class="DropdownNavigationItem-featured" data-featured-endpoint="https://newatlas.com/api/featured?id=0000016b-73e8-dde6-adef-f3fbfddf0000"> </div> </div> </div> </li> <li class="DropdownNavigation-items-item" > <div class="DropdownNavigationItem" > <div class="DropdownNavigationItem-text"> <a class="DropdownNavigationItem-text-link" href="https://newatlas.com/medical/" data-cms-ai="0">BODY & MIND</a> <div class="DropdownNavigationItem-more"> <svg class="chevron"><use xlink:href="#chevron"></use></svg> </div> </div> <div class="DropdownNavigationItem-dropdown" data-fullwidth> <ul class="DropdownNavigationItem-items"> <li class="DropdownNavigationItem-items-item" > <a class="NavigationLink" href="https://newatlas.com/medical-tech/" data-cms-ai="0">Medical Innovations</a> </li> <li class="DropdownNavigationItem-items-item" > <a class="NavigationLink" href="https://newatlas.com/health-wellbeing/" data-cms-ai="0">Wellness & Healthy Living</a> </li> <li class="DropdownNavigationItem-items-item" > <a class="NavigationLink" href="https://newatlas.com/disease/" data-cms-ai="0">Illnesses and conditions</a> </li> <li class="DropdownNavigationItem-items-item" > <a class="NavigationLink" href="https://newatlas.com/brain/" data-cms-ai="0">Brain Health</a> </li> </ul> <div class="DropdownNavigationItem-featured" data-featured-endpoint="https://newatlas.com/api/featured?id=0000016b-73e8-dde6-adef-f3fbf7cd0000"> </div> </div> </div> </li> </ul> </nav> </div> <div class="Page-header-end"> <div class="Page-header-auth-navigation"> <nav class="DropdownNavigation" itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/SiteNavigationElement"> <ul class="DropdownNavigation-items"> <li class="DropdownNavigation-items-item" > <div class="DropdownNavigationItem" > <div class="DropdownNavigationItem-text"> <a class="DropdownNavigationItem-text-link" href="https://newatlas.com/subscribe/" data-cms-ai="0">SUBSCRIBE AD-FREE</a> </div> </div> </li> <li class="DropdownNavigation-items-item" > <div class="DropdownNavigationItem" > <div class="DropdownNavigationItem-text"> <a class="DropdownNavigationItem-text-link" href="https://newatlas.com/login/?sourceUrl=https%3A%2F%2Fnewatlas.com%2Fmanufacturing%2F" data-cms-ai="0">LOG IN</a> </div> </div> </li> </ul> </nav> </div> <button class="Page-header-search-button"><svg class="icon-magnify"><use xlink:href="#icon-magnify"></use></svg><span class="sr-only">Show Search</span><svg class="close-x"><use xlink:href="#close-x"></use></svg></button> <div class="Page-header-search-overlay"> <form class="Page-header-search-form" action="https://newatlas.com/search/#nt=navsearch" novalidate="" autocomplete="off"> <label><input placeholder="Search" type="text" class="Page-header-search-input" name="q" required="true"><span class="sr-only">Search Query</span></label> <button type="submit" class="Page-header-search-submit"><svg><use xlink:href="#icon-magnify"></use></svg><span class="sr-only">Submit Search</span></button> </form> </div> </div> </div> </ps-header> <div class="Page-above" > <div class="Page-above-content"><div class="OcelotAdModule" data-id="desktop_article_leaderboard_header"><div class="OcelotAdModule-ad" id="desktop_article_leaderboard_header"></div></div></div> </div> <div class="SectionPage-content"> <div class="SectionPage-wrapper"> <main class="SectionPage-main"> <h1 class="Page-pageHeading">Manufacturing</h1> <h2 class="Page-pageSubHeading">It's one thing to design a great product, and another entirely to produce it in a way that's efficient, cheap, green and scalable. We're always on the lookout for breakthroughs in manufacturing and production tech that can turn a great idea into a world-changer at scale. </h2> <div class="OneColumnContainer"> <div class="OneColumnContainer-row"> <div class="OneColumnContainer-column"> <div class="OneColumnContainer"> <div class="OneColumnContainer-row"> <div class="OneColumnContainer-column"> <ps-list-loadmore class="ListD" > <div class="ListD-header" > <div class="ListD-header-title">Top News</div> </div> <ul class="ListD-items" data-list-loadmore-items> <li class="ListD-items-item"> <div class="PromoB" data-content-type="article" data-image-align="top"> <div class="PromoB-content"> <div class="PromoB-media"> <a class="Link" href="https://newatlas.com/manufacturing/world-first-vertical-strawberry-farm-plenty/"aria-label="'World-first' indoor vertical farm to produce 4M pounds of berries a year" data-cms-ai="0"> <div class="Image__wrapper" data-template="Image"> <img class="Image " alt="Plenty's 30-ft vertical indoor towers of strawberries" width="720" height="480" data-image-size="promoMediumLarge" srcset="https://assets.newatlas.com/dims4/default/4f998d0/2147483647/strip/true/crop/2700x1800+0+0/resize/220x147!/quality/90/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fnewatlas-brightspot.s3.amazonaws.com%2F5c%2F98%2F449fbd9c4e1fbf842bd39bd8e248%2Fplentystrawberrytowers.jpg 220w,https://assets.newatlas.com/dims4/default/24493dd/2147483647/strip/true/crop/2700x1800+0+0/resize/440x293!/quality/90/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fnewatlas-brightspot.s3.amazonaws.com%2F5c%2F98%2F449fbd9c4e1fbf842bd39bd8e248%2Fplentystrawberrytowers.jpg 440w,https://assets.newatlas.com/dims4/default/147a6aa/2147483647/strip/true/crop/2700x1800+0+0/resize/800x533!/quality/90/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fnewatlas-brightspot.s3.amazonaws.com%2F5c%2F98%2F449fbd9c4e1fbf842bd39bd8e248%2Fplentystrawberrytowers.jpg 800w" src="https://assets.newatlas.com/dims4/default/18cc254/2147483647/strip/true/crop/2700x1800+0+0/resize/720x480!/quality/90/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fnewatlas-brightspot.s3.amazonaws.com%2F5c%2F98%2F449fbd9c4e1fbf842bd39bd8e248%2Fplentystrawberrytowers.jpg" sizes="(min-width: 768px) 440px, 92vw" /> </div> </a> </div> <div class="PromoB-category"> <a class="Link" href="https://newatlas.com/manufacturing/" data-cms-ai="0">Manufacturing</a> </div> <div class="PromoB-title"> <a class="Link" href="https://newatlas.com/manufacturing/world-first-vertical-strawberry-farm-plenty/" data-cms-ai="0">'World-first' indoor vertical farm to produce 4M pounds of berries a year</a> </div> <div class="PromoB-description">Major steps towards better, sustainable and affordable food production free of environmental challenges have been taken, with the with the opening of the "world's first farm to grow indoor, vertically farmed berries at scale".</div> </div> </div> </li> <li class="ListD-items-item"> <div class="PromoB" data-content-type="article" data-image-align="top"> <div class="PromoB-content"> <div class="PromoB-media"> <a class="Link" href="https://newatlas.com/good-thinking/suddenly-micro-factories-are-real-with-prices-starting-at-300-000/"aria-label="$300,000 robotic micro-factories pump out custom-designed homes" data-cms-ai="0"> <div class="Image__wrapper" data-template="Image"> <img class="Image " alt="We recently wrote of Automated Architecture (AUAR)'s unique offering. It too uses standardized parts and materials and the entire process has been digitalised to enable super-quick click 'n' drag building designs, which translate directly to robotic factory production for construction of the original unit or for extensions. Combining AUAR's technology with this modular building design could yield a new and very useful form of public architecture" width="720" height="480" data-image-size="promoMediumLarge" srcset="https://assets.newatlas.com/dims4/default/9c0aa36/2147483647/strip/true/crop/674x449+63+0/resize/220x147!/quality/90/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fnewatlas-brightspot.s3.amazonaws.com%2F57%2F6f%2F0fbe394244af90f72f93b66cd73b%2Fezgif-2-fa5965823c.gif 220w,https://assets.newatlas.com/dims4/default/c74b59b/2147483647/strip/true/crop/674x449+63+0/resize/440x293!/quality/90/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fnewatlas-brightspot.s3.amazonaws.com%2F57%2F6f%2F0fbe394244af90f72f93b66cd73b%2Fezgif-2-fa5965823c.gif 440w,https://assets.newatlas.com/dims4/default/d39a846/2147483647/strip/true/crop/674x449+63+0/resize/800x533!/quality/90/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fnewatlas-brightspot.s3.amazonaws.com%2F57%2F6f%2F0fbe394244af90f72f93b66cd73b%2Fezgif-2-fa5965823c.gif 800w" src="https://assets.newatlas.com/dims4/default/e620381/2147483647/strip/true/crop/674x449+63+0/resize/720x480!/quality/90/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fnewatlas-brightspot.s3.amazonaws.com%2F57%2F6f%2F0fbe394244af90f72f93b66cd73b%2Fezgif-2-fa5965823c.gif" sizes="(min-width: 768px) 440px, 92vw" /> </div> </a> </div> <div class="PromoB-category"> <a class="Link" href="https://newatlas.com/manufacturing/" data-cms-ai="0">Manufacturing</a> </div> <div class="PromoB-title"> <a class="Link" href="https://newatlas.com/good-thinking/suddenly-micro-factories-are-real-with-prices-starting-at-300-000/" data-cms-ai="0">$300,000 robotic micro-factories pump out custom-designed homes</a> </div> <div class="PromoB-description">Construction is the world’s largest industry, contributing 13% of global GDP. It is also the most inefficient, least digitised and most polluting industry. Now AUAR has begun rolling out an ingenious end-to-end solution based on its micro-factory.</div> </div> </div> </li> <li class="ListD-items-item"> <div class="PromoB" data-content-type="article" data-image-align="top"> <div class="PromoB-content"> <div class="PromoB-media"> <a class="Link" href="https://newatlas.com/technology/soldering-powerful-microscope/"aria-label="Watch: Soldering looks incredible in microscopic close-up" data-cms-ai="0"> <div class="Image__wrapper" data-template="Image"> <img class="Image " alt="You've never seen soldering quite like this before" width="720" height="480" data-image-size="promoMediumLarge" srcset="https://assets.newatlas.com/dims4/default/c71afcc/2147483647/strip/true/crop/1620x1080+0+0/resize/220x147!/quality/90/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fnewatlas-brightspot.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fe3%2Fb7%2F1da4ea7d4248a720c502f94dc770%2Fyouve-never-seen-soldering-quite-like-this-before.jpg 220w,https://assets.newatlas.com/dims4/default/999cff5/2147483647/strip/true/crop/1620x1080+0+0/resize/440x293!/quality/90/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fnewatlas-brightspot.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fe3%2Fb7%2F1da4ea7d4248a720c502f94dc770%2Fyouve-never-seen-soldering-quite-like-this-before.jpg 440w,https://assets.newatlas.com/dims4/default/bb3b356/2147483647/strip/true/crop/1620x1080+0+0/resize/800x533!/quality/90/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fnewatlas-brightspot.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fe3%2Fb7%2F1da4ea7d4248a720c502f94dc770%2Fyouve-never-seen-soldering-quite-like-this-before.jpg 800w" src="https://assets.newatlas.com/dims4/default/7246101/2147483647/strip/true/crop/1620x1080+0+0/resize/720x480!/quality/90/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fnewatlas-brightspot.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fe3%2Fb7%2F1da4ea7d4248a720c502f94dc770%2Fyouve-never-seen-soldering-quite-like-this-before.jpg" sizes="(min-width: 768px) 440px, 92vw" /> </div> </a> </div> <div class="PromoB-category"> <a class="Link" href="https://newatlas.com/manufacturing/" data-cms-ai="0">Manufacturing</a> </div> <div class="PromoB-title"> <a class="Link" href="https://newatlas.com/technology/soldering-powerful-microscope/" data-cms-ai="0">Watch: Soldering looks incredible in microscopic close-up</a> </div> <div class="PromoB-description">Here's a feast for your eyes: mesmerizing footage of circuit boards being soldered, massively magnified under an ultra- powerful microscope. It's a fun watch, even if you've never picked up a soldering iron before.</div> </div> </div> </li> </ul> <div class="ListJ-nextPage" data-list-loadmore-pagination> <span class="Link" data-href="?00000192-0872-d1d9-a3d7-9dff6fe10000-page=2" rel="nofollow">Load More</span> </div> </ps-list-loadmore> <ps-list-loadmore class="ListN" > <div class="ListE-header" > <div class="ListE-header-title">Latest News</div> </div> <ul class="ListE-items" data-list-loadmore-items> <li class="ListE-items-item"> <div class="PromoB" data-content-type="article"> <div class="PromoB-content"> <div class="PromoB-media"> <a class="Link" href="https://newatlas.com/manufacturing/self-assembling-electronics/"aria-label="'Self-assembling' electronics: A wild new manufacturing process" data-cms-ai="0"> <div class="Image__wrapper" data-template="Image"> <img class="Image " alt="A new manufacturing technique has successfully "self-assembled" transistors, diodes and wires at the nanoscale" width="720" height="480" data-image-size="promoMediumLarge" srcset="https://assets.newatlas.com/dims4/default/1304f0b/2147483647/strip/true/crop/1266x844+234+0/resize/220x147!/quality/90/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fnewatlas-brightspot.s3.amazonaws.com%2Ff0%2F89%2Fa7a74957468ca5b1f6a589d25a40%2Fthuo-dmet-header-1500.jpg 220w,https://assets.newatlas.com/dims4/default/033dce3/2147483647/strip/true/crop/1266x844+234+0/resize/440x293!/quality/90/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fnewatlas-brightspot.s3.amazonaws.com%2Ff0%2F89%2Fa7a74957468ca5b1f6a589d25a40%2Fthuo-dmet-header-1500.jpg 440w,https://assets.newatlas.com/dims4/default/45ba49a/2147483647/strip/true/crop/1266x844+234+0/resize/800x533!/quality/90/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fnewatlas-brightspot.s3.amazonaws.com%2Ff0%2F89%2Fa7a74957468ca5b1f6a589d25a40%2Fthuo-dmet-header-1500.jpg 800w" src="https://assets.newatlas.com/dims4/default/8297cfc/2147483647/strip/true/crop/1266x844+234+0/resize/720x480!/quality/90/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fnewatlas-brightspot.s3.amazonaws.com%2Ff0%2F89%2Fa7a74957468ca5b1f6a589d25a40%2Fthuo-dmet-header-1500.jpg" sizes="(min-width: 768px) 440px, 92vw" /> </div> </a> </div> <div class="PromoB-category"> <a class="Link" href="https://newatlas.com/manufacturing/" data-cms-ai="0">Manufacturing</a> </div> <div class="PromoB-title"> <a class="Link" href="https://newatlas.com/manufacturing/self-assembling-electronics/" data-cms-ai="0">'Self-assembling' electronics: A wild new manufacturing process</a> </div> <div class="PromoB-date"> December 03, 2024 | <a class="Link" href="https://newatlas.com/author/loz-blain/" data-cms-ai="0">Loz Blain</a> </div> <div class="PromoB-description">A remarkable proof-of-concept project has successfully manufactured nanoscale diodes and transistors using a fast, cheap new production technique in which liquid metal is directed to self-assemble into precise 3D structures.</div> </div> </div> </li> <li class="ListE-items-item"> <div class="PromoB" data-content-type="article"> <div class="PromoB-content"> <div class="PromoB-media"> <a class="Link" href="https://newatlas.com/technology/rocket-lab-neutron-carbon-composite-afp/"aria-label="World's largest carbon fiber Neutron rocket is 3D printed" data-cms-ai="0"> <div class="Image__wrapper" data-template="Image"> <img class="Image " alt="The 39 foot tall carbon composite 3D printer can lay 328 ft of carbon fiber per minute" width="720" height="480" data-image-size="promoMediumLarge" srcset="https://assets.newatlas.com/dims4/default/1b7a33f/2147483647/strip/true/crop/3224x2149+146+0/resize/220x147!/quality/90/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fnewatlas-brightspot.s3.amazonaws.com%2F27%2Fb5%2F4c5ec59646c494fffdfe3a14e938%2Fafp-1.jpg 220w,https://assets.newatlas.com/dims4/default/523ae59/2147483647/strip/true/crop/3224x2149+146+0/resize/440x293!/quality/90/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fnewatlas-brightspot.s3.amazonaws.com%2F27%2Fb5%2F4c5ec59646c494fffdfe3a14e938%2Fafp-1.jpg 440w,https://assets.newatlas.com/dims4/default/05763e6/2147483647/strip/true/crop/3224x2149+146+0/resize/800x533!/quality/90/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fnewatlas-brightspot.s3.amazonaws.com%2F27%2Fb5%2F4c5ec59646c494fffdfe3a14e938%2Fafp-1.jpg 800w" src="https://assets.newatlas.com/dims4/default/25c11de/2147483647/strip/true/crop/3224x2149+146+0/resize/720x480!/quality/90/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fnewatlas-brightspot.s3.amazonaws.com%2F27%2Fb5%2F4c5ec59646c494fffdfe3a14e938%2Fafp-1.jpg" sizes="(min-width: 768px) 440px, 92vw" /> </div> </a> </div> <div class="PromoB-category"> <a class="Link" href="https://newatlas.com/manufacturing/" data-cms-ai="0">Manufacturing</a> </div> <div class="PromoB-title"> <a class="Link" href="https://newatlas.com/technology/rocket-lab-neutron-carbon-composite-afp/" data-cms-ai="0">World's largest carbon fiber Neutron rocket is 3D printed</a> </div> <div class="PromoB-date"> October 18, 2024 | <a class="Link" href="https://newatlas.com/author/joe-salas/" data-cms-ai="0">Joe Salas</a> </div> <div class="PromoB-description">Rocket Lab's Neutron is the largest composite rocket ever made. It used to take a large team several weeks to hand-layer that much carbon fiber – but with the company's new Automated Fiber Placement (AFP) machine, it can now be done in a single day. </div> </div> </div> </li> <li class="ListE-items-item"> <div class="PromoB" data-content-type="article"> <div class="PromoB-content"> <div class="PromoB-media"> <a class="Link" href="https://newatlas.com/3d-printing/speed-modulated-ironing-3d-printing/"aria-label="Novel "ironing" tech gets multiple qualities out of one 3D-printed material" data-cms-ai="0"> <div class="Image__wrapper" data-template="Image"> <img class="Image " alt=""Speed-modulated ironing" allows people to create 3D-printed objects with varied colors and textures (like the owls pictured here) using only one material" width="720" height="480" data-image-size="promoMediumLarge" srcset="https://assets.newatlas.com/dims4/default/0ff6fb3/2147483647/strip/true/crop/900x600+0+0/resize/220x147!/quality/90/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fnewatlas-brightspot.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fdc%2Fdd%2F59876d664a87a5e67a6b83e92b2f%2Fmit-speed-ironing-owls-01-press-0.jpg 220w,https://assets.newatlas.com/dims4/default/cdcbc14/2147483647/strip/true/crop/900x600+0+0/resize/440x293!/quality/90/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fnewatlas-brightspot.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fdc%2Fdd%2F59876d664a87a5e67a6b83e92b2f%2Fmit-speed-ironing-owls-01-press-0.jpg 440w,https://assets.newatlas.com/dims4/default/6cfd2e9/2147483647/strip/true/crop/900x600+0+0/resize/800x533!/quality/90/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fnewatlas-brightspot.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fdc%2Fdd%2F59876d664a87a5e67a6b83e92b2f%2Fmit-speed-ironing-owls-01-press-0.jpg 800w" src="https://assets.newatlas.com/dims4/default/6640cbd/2147483647/strip/true/crop/900x600+0+0/resize/720x480!/quality/90/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fnewatlas-brightspot.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fdc%2Fdd%2F59876d664a87a5e67a6b83e92b2f%2Fmit-speed-ironing-owls-01-press-0.jpg" sizes="(min-width: 768px) 440px, 92vw" /> </div> </a> </div> <div class="PromoB-category"> <a class="Link" href="https://newatlas.com/3d-printing/" data-cms-ai="0">3D Printing</a> </div> <div class="PromoB-title"> <a class="Link" href="https://newatlas.com/3d-printing/speed-modulated-ironing-3d-printing/" data-cms-ai="0">Novel "ironing" tech gets multiple qualities out of one 3D-printed material</a> </div> <div class="PromoB-date"> October 11, 2024 | <a class="Link" href="https://newatlas.com/author/ben-coxworth/" data-cms-ai="0">Ben Coxworth</a> </div> <div class="PromoB-description">Ordinarily, the 3D printing of multi-colored objects is a relatively complex and inefficient process. That could soon change, however, thanks to a clever new technique in which a temperature-sensitive print media gets "ironed" after being extruded.</div> </div> </div> </li> <li class="ListE-items-item"> <div class="PromoB" data-content-type="article"> <div class="PromoB-content"> <div class="PromoB-media"> <a class="Link" href="https://newatlas.com/computers/iphone-chip-zoom-video/"aria-label="Viral video zooms in on the mindblowing complexity of an iPhone chip" data-cms-ai="0"> <div class="Image__wrapper" data-template="Image"> <img class="Image " alt="A stunning (but fake) viral video zooms in on the insane complexity of an iPhone processor chip" width="720" height="480" data-image-size="promoMediumLarge" srcset="https://assets.newatlas.com/dims4/default/4f15698/2147483647/strip/true/crop/1434x956+20+0/resize/220x147!/quality/90/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fnewatlas-brightspot.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fb4%2Ff7%2F9c55c5f447c7b71b5d79258a5fbd%2Fscreenshot-2024-08-27-at-4.09.38%E2%80%AFPM.png 220w,https://assets.newatlas.com/dims4/default/5dd74c4/2147483647/strip/true/crop/1434x956+20+0/resize/440x293!/quality/90/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fnewatlas-brightspot.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fb4%2Ff7%2F9c55c5f447c7b71b5d79258a5fbd%2Fscreenshot-2024-08-27-at-4.09.38%E2%80%AFPM.png 440w,https://assets.newatlas.com/dims4/default/a625674/2147483647/strip/true/crop/1434x956+20+0/resize/800x533!/quality/90/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fnewatlas-brightspot.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fb4%2Ff7%2F9c55c5f447c7b71b5d79258a5fbd%2Fscreenshot-2024-08-27-at-4.09.38%E2%80%AFPM.png 800w" src="https://assets.newatlas.com/dims4/default/b8f4e0a/2147483647/strip/true/crop/1434x956+20+0/resize/720x480!/quality/90/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fnewatlas-brightspot.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fb4%2Ff7%2F9c55c5f447c7b71b5d79258a5fbd%2Fscreenshot-2024-08-27-at-4.09.38%E2%80%AFPM.png" sizes="(min-width: 768px) 440px, 92vw" /> </div> </a> </div> <div class="PromoB-category"> <a class="Link" href="https://newatlas.com/manufacturing/" data-cms-ai="0">Manufacturing</a> </div> <div class="PromoB-title"> <a class="Link" href="https://newatlas.com/computers/iphone-chip-zoom-video/" data-cms-ai="0">Viral video zooms in on the mindblowing complexity of an iPhone chip</a> </div> <div class="PromoB-date"> August 27, 2024 | <a class="Link" href="https://newatlas.com/author/loz-blain/" data-cms-ai="0">Loz Blain</a> </div> <div class="PromoB-description">You may have seen this video doing the rounds; it peers through the lens of a microscope at a smartphone chip and starts zooming in, giving you a visceral sense of just how insanely tiny today's transistors have become.</div> </div> </div> </li> <li class="ListE-items-item"> <div class="PromoB" data-content-type="article"> <div class="PromoB-content"> <div class="PromoB-media"> <a class="Link" href="https://newatlas.com/3d-printing/pnipam-salt-water-3d-printing-ink/"aria-label="Just add water – revolutionary 3D printing ink has a salty secret weapon" data-cms-ai="0"> <div class="Image__wrapper" data-template="Image"> <img class="Image " alt="Postdoctoral scholar Donghwan Ji works with the PNIPAM 3D printing ink" width="720" height="480" data-image-size="promoMediumLarge" srcset="https://assets.newatlas.com/dims4/default/55a4f56/2147483647/strip/true/crop/4608x3072+0+192/resize/220x147!/quality/90/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fnewatlas-brightspot.s3.amazonaws.com%2F5c%2F02%2F45257db94e6697c9e7871985a416%2Fucsd-jacobsschool-20240731-bae-jinhye-sustainable-3dprinting-007.jpg 220w,https://assets.newatlas.com/dims4/default/70b29d4/2147483647/strip/true/crop/4608x3072+0+192/resize/440x293!/quality/90/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fnewatlas-brightspot.s3.amazonaws.com%2F5c%2F02%2F45257db94e6697c9e7871985a416%2Fucsd-jacobsschool-20240731-bae-jinhye-sustainable-3dprinting-007.jpg 440w,https://assets.newatlas.com/dims4/default/db6a162/2147483647/strip/true/crop/4608x3072+0+192/resize/800x533!/quality/90/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fnewatlas-brightspot.s3.amazonaws.com%2F5c%2F02%2F45257db94e6697c9e7871985a416%2Fucsd-jacobsschool-20240731-bae-jinhye-sustainable-3dprinting-007.jpg 800w" src="https://assets.newatlas.com/dims4/default/741804a/2147483647/strip/true/crop/4608x3072+0+192/resize/720x480!/quality/90/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fnewatlas-brightspot.s3.amazonaws.com%2F5c%2F02%2F45257db94e6697c9e7871985a416%2Fucsd-jacobsschool-20240731-bae-jinhye-sustainable-3dprinting-007.jpg" sizes="(min-width: 768px) 440px, 92vw" /> </div> </a> </div> <div class="PromoB-category"> <a class="Link" href="https://newatlas.com/3d-printing/" data-cms-ai="0">3D Printing</a> </div> <div class="PromoB-title"> <a class="Link" href="https://newatlas.com/3d-printing/pnipam-salt-water-3d-printing-ink/" data-cms-ai="0">Just add water – revolutionary 3D printing ink has a salty secret weapon</a> </div> <div class="PromoB-date"> August 01, 2024 | <a class="Link" href="https://newatlas.com/author/ben-coxworth/" data-cms-ai="0">Ben Coxworth</a> </div> <div class="PromoB-description">The 3D printing of certain items could soon get a lot faster, simpler and more eco-friendly. That's because scientists have developed a new 3D printing ink which is easily extruded as a liquid, then solidifies on contact with a saltwater solution.</div> </div> </div> </li> <li class="ListE-items-item"> <div class="PromoB" data-content-type="article"> <div class="PromoB-content"> <div class="PromoB-media"> <a class="Link" href="https://newatlas.com/robotics/xiaomi-dark-robotic-factory/"aria-label="Xiaomi's self-optimizing autonomous factory will make 10M+ phones a year" data-cms-ai="0"> <div class="Image__wrapper" data-template="Image"> <img class="Image " alt="The new "dark factory" in Beijing: all key manufacturing processes are now fully automated" width="720" height="480" data-image-size="promoMediumLarge" srcset="https://assets.newatlas.com/dims4/default/d14bdf9/2147483647/strip/true/crop/1440x960+0+0/resize/220x147!/quality/90/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fnewatlas-brightspot.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fbb%2F5f%2F8ed6cf8d4a0787eba632c223bb8f%2Fgr70sjiasaauaao.jpg 220w,https://assets.newatlas.com/dims4/default/c50817b/2147483647/strip/true/crop/1440x960+0+0/resize/440x293!/quality/90/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fnewatlas-brightspot.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fbb%2F5f%2F8ed6cf8d4a0787eba632c223bb8f%2Fgr70sjiasaauaao.jpg 440w,https://assets.newatlas.com/dims4/default/1775077/2147483647/strip/true/crop/1440x960+0+0/resize/800x533!/quality/90/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fnewatlas-brightspot.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fbb%2F5f%2F8ed6cf8d4a0787eba632c223bb8f%2Fgr70sjiasaauaao.jpg 800w" src="https://assets.newatlas.com/dims4/default/b6c589f/2147483647/strip/true/crop/1440x960+0+0/resize/720x480!/quality/90/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fnewatlas-brightspot.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fbb%2F5f%2F8ed6cf8d4a0787eba632c223bb8f%2Fgr70sjiasaauaao.jpg" sizes="(min-width: 768px) 440px, 92vw" /> </div> </a> </div> <div class="PromoB-category"> <a class="Link" href="https://newatlas.com/manufacturing/" data-cms-ai="0">Manufacturing</a> </div> <div class="PromoB-title"> <a class="Link" href="https://newatlas.com/robotics/xiaomi-dark-robotic-factory/" data-cms-ai="0">Xiaomi's self-optimizing autonomous factory will make 10M+ phones a year</a> </div> <div class="PromoB-date"> July 10, 2024 | <a class="Link" href="https://newatlas.com/author/loz-blain/" data-cms-ai="0">Loz Blain</a> </div> <div class="PromoB-description">There are no humans working the new Xiaomi production lines – this new Smart Factory is 100% automated. Indeed, the company says the system is smart enough to diagnose and fix problems, as well as optimizing its own processes to "evolve by itself."</div> </div> </div> </li> <li class="ListE-items-item"> <div class="PromoB" data-content-type="article"> <div class="PromoB-content"> <div class="PromoB-media"> <a class="Link" href="https://newatlas.com/3d-printing/automated-testing-3d-printing-media/"aria-label="Smart 3D printer tunes itself to build with unfamiliar materials" data-cms-ai="0"> <div class="Image__wrapper" data-template="Image"> <img class="Image " alt="The modified printer used in the study – down the road, manufacturers of 3D printing media could utilize similar devices of their own" width="720" height="480" data-image-size="promoMediumLarge" srcset="https://assets.newatlas.com/dims4/default/39be060/2147483647/strip/true/crop/900x600+0+0/resize/220x147!/quality/90/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fnewatlas-brightspot.s3.amazonaws.com%2F0e%2F68%2F4aa7fa14404182208ea8ccc1cde9%2Fmit-parameter-discovery-01-press-0.jpg 220w,https://assets.newatlas.com/dims4/default/f884b28/2147483647/strip/true/crop/900x600+0+0/resize/440x293!/quality/90/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fnewatlas-brightspot.s3.amazonaws.com%2F0e%2F68%2F4aa7fa14404182208ea8ccc1cde9%2Fmit-parameter-discovery-01-press-0.jpg 440w,https://assets.newatlas.com/dims4/default/a2965cd/2147483647/strip/true/crop/900x600+0+0/resize/800x533!/quality/90/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fnewatlas-brightspot.s3.amazonaws.com%2F0e%2F68%2F4aa7fa14404182208ea8ccc1cde9%2Fmit-parameter-discovery-01-press-0.jpg 800w" src="https://assets.newatlas.com/dims4/default/326a1be/2147483647/strip/true/crop/900x600+0+0/resize/720x480!/quality/90/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fnewatlas-brightspot.s3.amazonaws.com%2F0e%2F68%2F4aa7fa14404182208ea8ccc1cde9%2Fmit-parameter-discovery-01-press-0.jpg" sizes="(min-width: 768px) 440px, 92vw" /> </div> </a> </div> <div class="PromoB-category"> <a class="Link" href="https://newatlas.com/3d-printing/" data-cms-ai="0">3D Printing</a> </div> <div class="PromoB-title"> <a class="Link" href="https://newatlas.com/3d-printing/automated-testing-3d-printing-media/" data-cms-ai="0">Smart 3D printer tunes itself to build with unfamiliar materials</a> </div> <div class="PromoB-date"> April 08, 2024 | <a class="Link" href="https://newatlas.com/author/ben-coxworth/" data-cms-ai="0">Ben Coxworth</a> </div> <div class="PromoB-description">A recently developed system could revolutionize the world of 3D printing, by streamlining the adoption of new print media. Such materials could include ones made from all-renewable ingredients, or that are more recyclable than current options.</div> </div> </div> </li> <li class="ListE-items-item"> <div class="PromoB" data-content-type="article"> <div class="PromoB-content"> <div class="PromoB-media"> <a class="Link" href="https://newatlas.com/3d-printing/wooden-items-3d-printed-wood-ingredients/"aria-label="In a world-first, wooden items get 3D-printed out of wood-only ingredients" data-cms-ai="0"> <div class="Image__wrapper" data-template="Image"> <img class="Image " alt="From left to right, team members M.S.H Thakur, Muhammad Rahman and Chen Shi pose with 3D-printed wooden letters produced as part of the study" width="720" height="480" data-image-size="promoMediumLarge" srcset="https://assets.newatlas.com/dims4/default/c6aa3dc/2147483647/strip/true/crop/4240x2827+0+3/resize/220x147!/quality/90/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fnewatlas-brightspot.s3.amazonaws.com%2F17%2F15%2F183d13e44663876e5dee3b88b00c%2Fmuhammad-rahman-center-an-assistant-research-professor-of-materials-science-and-nanoengineering-at-rice-and-his-lab.%20Photo%20courtesy%20of%20Gustavo%20Raskosky_Rice%20University%201.jpeg 220w,https://assets.newatlas.com/dims4/default/a224e7a/2147483647/strip/true/crop/4240x2827+0+3/resize/440x293!/quality/90/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fnewatlas-brightspot.s3.amazonaws.com%2F17%2F15%2F183d13e44663876e5dee3b88b00c%2Fmuhammad-rahman-center-an-assistant-research-professor-of-materials-science-and-nanoengineering-at-rice-and-his-lab.%20Photo%20courtesy%20of%20Gustavo%20Raskosky_Rice%20University%201.jpeg 440w,https://assets.newatlas.com/dims4/default/bf2a566/2147483647/strip/true/crop/4240x2827+0+3/resize/800x533!/quality/90/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fnewatlas-brightspot.s3.amazonaws.com%2F17%2F15%2F183d13e44663876e5dee3b88b00c%2Fmuhammad-rahman-center-an-assistant-research-professor-of-materials-science-and-nanoengineering-at-rice-and-his-lab.%20Photo%20courtesy%20of%20Gustavo%20Raskosky_Rice%20University%201.jpeg 800w" src="https://assets.newatlas.com/dims4/default/13552a1/2147483647/strip/true/crop/4240x2827+0+3/resize/720x480!/quality/90/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fnewatlas-brightspot.s3.amazonaws.com%2F17%2F15%2F183d13e44663876e5dee3b88b00c%2Fmuhammad-rahman-center-an-assistant-research-professor-of-materials-science-and-nanoengineering-at-rice-and-his-lab.%20Photo%20courtesy%20of%20Gustavo%20Raskosky_Rice%20University%201.jpeg" sizes="(min-width: 768px) 440px, 92vw" /> </div> </a> </div> <div class="PromoB-category"> <a class="Link" href="https://newatlas.com/3d-printing/" data-cms-ai="0">3D Printing</a> </div> <div class="PromoB-title"> <a class="Link" href="https://newatlas.com/3d-printing/wooden-items-3d-printed-wood-ingredients/" data-cms-ai="0">In a world-first, wooden items get 3D-printed out of wood-only ingredients</a> </div> <div class="PromoB-date"> March 20, 2024 | <a class="Link" href="https://newatlas.com/author/ben-coxworth/" data-cms-ai="0">Ben Coxworth</a> </div> <div class="PromoB-description">Scientists have developed a new "ink" that allows objects to be 3D-printed out of wood. The material could reduce the amount of wood that gets wasted in the manufacturing of various products, plus it could utilize existing wood waste.</div> </div> </div> </li> <li class="ListE-items-item"> <div class="PromoB" data-content-type="article"> <div class="PromoB-content"> <div class="PromoB-media"> <a class="Link" href="https://newatlas.com/3d-printing/3d-printing-ink-changes-color/"aria-label="New 3D-printing ink changes color for different parts of one print job" data-cms-ai="0"> <div class="Image__wrapper" data-template="Image"> <img class="Image " alt="A multicolored chameleon printed as a demonstration of the technology" width="720" height="480" data-image-size="promoMediumLarge" srcset="https://assets.newatlas.com/dims4/default/60969f0/2147483647/strip/true/crop/948x632+0+0/resize/220x147!/quality/90/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fnewatlas-brightspot.s3.amazonaws.com%2F3a%2Fe2%2F777114e44284a6cd317edd01e6e8%2Fscreenshot-2024-02-20-at-1.14.36%E2%80%AFPM.jpeg 220w,https://assets.newatlas.com/dims4/default/906bca3/2147483647/strip/true/crop/948x632+0+0/resize/440x293!/quality/90/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fnewatlas-brightspot.s3.amazonaws.com%2F3a%2Fe2%2F777114e44284a6cd317edd01e6e8%2Fscreenshot-2024-02-20-at-1.14.36%E2%80%AFPM.jpeg 440w,https://assets.newatlas.com/dims4/default/5d9a29d/2147483647/strip/true/crop/948x632+0+0/resize/800x533!/quality/90/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fnewatlas-brightspot.s3.amazonaws.com%2F3a%2Fe2%2F777114e44284a6cd317edd01e6e8%2Fscreenshot-2024-02-20-at-1.14.36%E2%80%AFPM.jpeg 800w" src="https://assets.newatlas.com/dims4/default/6df1aa4/2147483647/strip/true/crop/948x632+0+0/resize/720x480!/quality/90/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fnewatlas-brightspot.s3.amazonaws.com%2F3a%2Fe2%2F777114e44284a6cd317edd01e6e8%2Fscreenshot-2024-02-20-at-1.14.36%E2%80%AFPM.jpeg" sizes="(min-width: 768px) 440px, 92vw" /> </div> </a> </div> <div class="PromoB-category"> <a class="Link" href="https://newatlas.com/3d-printing/" data-cms-ai="0">3D Printing</a> </div> <div class="PromoB-title"> <a class="Link" href="https://newatlas.com/3d-printing/3d-printing-ink-changes-color/" data-cms-ai="0">New 3D-printing ink changes color for different parts of one print job</a> </div> <div class="PromoB-date"> February 20, 2024 | <a class="Link" href="https://newatlas.com/author/ben-coxworth/" data-cms-ai="0">Ben Coxworth</a> </div> <div class="PromoB-description">Scientists have created a 3D-printing media that can take on different colors in different parts of a single print job. The secret lies in utilizing ultraviolet light to selectively alter the surface structure of the material as it's being dispensed.</div> </div> </div> </li> <li class="ListE-items-item"> <div class="PromoB" data-content-type="article"> <div class="PromoB-content"> <div class="PromoB-media"> <a class="Link" href="https://newatlas.com/3d-printing/rapid-liquid-metal-3d-printing-mit/"aria-label="Rapid liquid-metal 3D-printing process produces large parts in minutes" data-cms-ai="0"> <div class="Image__wrapper" data-template="Image"> <img class="Image " alt="Researchers have built a machine that melts aluminum, keeps the molten metal in a container and then feeds it through a nozzle for rapid 3D printing of components" width="720" height="480" data-image-size="promoMediumLarge" srcset="https://assets.newatlas.com/dims4/default/35aa259/2147483647/strip/true/crop/1944x1296+0+0/resize/220x147!/quality/90/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fnewatlas-brightspot.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fac%2F59%2F2776686c4be69bfd5dd21cb055cb%2Fmit-liquid-metal-printing-02-press.jpg 220w,https://assets.newatlas.com/dims4/default/92f6811/2147483647/strip/true/crop/1944x1296+0+0/resize/440x293!/quality/90/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fnewatlas-brightspot.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fac%2F59%2F2776686c4be69bfd5dd21cb055cb%2Fmit-liquid-metal-printing-02-press.jpg 440w,https://assets.newatlas.com/dims4/default/b1d7ee7/2147483647/strip/true/crop/1944x1296+0+0/resize/800x533!/quality/90/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fnewatlas-brightspot.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fac%2F59%2F2776686c4be69bfd5dd21cb055cb%2Fmit-liquid-metal-printing-02-press.jpg 800w" src="https://assets.newatlas.com/dims4/default/a7bfd86/2147483647/strip/true/crop/1944x1296+0+0/resize/720x480!/quality/90/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fnewatlas-brightspot.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fac%2F59%2F2776686c4be69bfd5dd21cb055cb%2Fmit-liquid-metal-printing-02-press.jpg" sizes="(min-width: 768px) 440px, 92vw" /> </div> </a> </div> <div class="PromoB-category"> <a class="Link" href="https://newatlas.com/3d-printing/" data-cms-ai="0">3D Printing</a> </div> <div class="PromoB-title"> <a class="Link" href="https://newatlas.com/3d-printing/rapid-liquid-metal-3d-printing-mit/" data-cms-ai="0">Rapid liquid-metal 3D-printing process produces large parts in minutes</a> </div> <div class="PromoB-date"> January 26, 2024 | <a class="Link" href="https://newatlas.com/author/paul-ridden/" data-cms-ai="0">Paul Ridden</a> </div> <div class="PromoB-description">Researchers have come up with a 3D printing method using liquid metal that's claimed to produce structures at least 10 times faster than existing metal additive manufacturing processes, though it does so at the expense of fine detail.</div> </div> </div> </li> <li class="ListE-items-item"> <div class="PromoB" data-content-type="article"> <div class="PromoB-content"> <div class="PromoB-media"> <a class="Link" href="https://newatlas.com/3d-printing/deep-penetrating-acoustic-volumetric-printing-dvap/"aria-label="New ultrasound tech could be used to 3D-print implants inside the body" data-cms-ai="0"> <div class="Image__wrapper" data-template="Image"> <img class="Image " alt="A solidified sono-ink structure (red) printed inside a heart model" width="720" height="480" data-image-size="promoMediumLarge" srcset="https://assets.newatlas.com/dims4/default/415ab4e/2147483647/strip/true/crop/2100x1400+0+0/resize/220x147!/quality/90/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fnewatlas-brightspot.s3.amazonaws.com%2F85%2Fe4%2F3f475c3d48859d6d3de2f6370d9c%2Fsonoink.jpeg 220w,https://assets.newatlas.com/dims4/default/7a95e3e/2147483647/strip/true/crop/2100x1400+0+0/resize/440x293!/quality/90/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fnewatlas-brightspot.s3.amazonaws.com%2F85%2Fe4%2F3f475c3d48859d6d3de2f6370d9c%2Fsonoink.jpeg 440w,https://assets.newatlas.com/dims4/default/e9bb69f/2147483647/strip/true/crop/2100x1400+0+0/resize/800x533!/quality/90/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fnewatlas-brightspot.s3.amazonaws.com%2F85%2Fe4%2F3f475c3d48859d6d3de2f6370d9c%2Fsonoink.jpeg 800w" src="https://assets.newatlas.com/dims4/default/8685a0f/2147483647/strip/true/crop/2100x1400+0+0/resize/720x480!/quality/90/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fnewatlas-brightspot.s3.amazonaws.com%2F85%2Fe4%2F3f475c3d48859d6d3de2f6370d9c%2Fsonoink.jpeg" sizes="(min-width: 768px) 440px, 92vw" /> </div> </a> </div> <div class="PromoB-category"> <a class="Link" href="https://newatlas.com/3d-printing/" data-cms-ai="0">3D Printing</a> </div> <div class="PromoB-title"> <a class="Link" href="https://newatlas.com/3d-printing/deep-penetrating-acoustic-volumetric-printing-dvap/" data-cms-ai="0">New ultrasound tech could be used to 3D-print implants inside the body</a> </div> <div class="PromoB-date"> December 08, 2023 | <a class="Link" href="https://newatlas.com/author/ben-coxworth/" data-cms-ai="0">Ben Coxworth</a> </div> <div class="PromoB-description">In order to keep surgeries minimally invasive, it would be great if implants could be injected into the body in liquid form, then solidified once in place. Well, a new ultrasound-based 3D printing process may one day make that very thing possible.</div> </div> </div> </li> <li class="ListE-items-item"> <div class="PromoB" data-content-type="article"> <div class="PromoB-content"> <div class="PromoB-media"> <a class="Link" href="https://newatlas.com/3d-printing/inkbit-3d-printing-multiple-materials/"aria-label="Inkbit tech 3D-prints complex multi-material items in a single session" data-cms-ai="0"> <div class="Image__wrapper" data-template="Image"> <img class="Image " alt="Inkbit was used to print this functional robotic hand, which comes complete with bones, ligaments and tendons" width="720" height="480" data-image-size="promoMediumLarge" srcset="https://assets.newatlas.com/dims4/default/a54a28c/2147483647/strip/true/crop/2586x1724+0+0/resize/220x147!/quality/90/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fnewatlas-brightspot.s3.amazonaws.com%2F9b%2F07%2F137cabf34f6ca7f9bc8e5361e3a0%2Fbox-examples-3d-printing-and-metamaterials-credit-eth-zurich-thomas-buchner-7.jpeg 220w,https://assets.newatlas.com/dims4/default/c416b08/2147483647/strip/true/crop/2586x1724+0+0/resize/440x293!/quality/90/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fnewatlas-brightspot.s3.amazonaws.com%2F9b%2F07%2F137cabf34f6ca7f9bc8e5361e3a0%2Fbox-examples-3d-printing-and-metamaterials-credit-eth-zurich-thomas-buchner-7.jpeg 440w,https://assets.newatlas.com/dims4/default/e9ee278/2147483647/strip/true/crop/2586x1724+0+0/resize/800x533!/quality/90/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fnewatlas-brightspot.s3.amazonaws.com%2F9b%2F07%2F137cabf34f6ca7f9bc8e5361e3a0%2Fbox-examples-3d-printing-and-metamaterials-credit-eth-zurich-thomas-buchner-7.jpeg 800w" src="https://assets.newatlas.com/dims4/default/0a3de8a/2147483647/strip/true/crop/2586x1724+0+0/resize/720x480!/quality/90/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fnewatlas-brightspot.s3.amazonaws.com%2F9b%2F07%2F137cabf34f6ca7f9bc8e5361e3a0%2Fbox-examples-3d-printing-and-metamaterials-credit-eth-zurich-thomas-buchner-7.jpeg" sizes="(min-width: 768px) 440px, 92vw" /> </div> </a> </div> <div class="PromoB-category"> <a class="Link" href="https://newatlas.com/3d-printing/" data-cms-ai="0">3D Printing</a> </div> <div class="PromoB-title"> <a class="Link" href="https://newatlas.com/3d-printing/inkbit-3d-printing-multiple-materials/" data-cms-ai="0">Inkbit tech 3D-prints complex multi-material items in a single session</a> </div> <div class="PromoB-date"> November 16, 2023 | <a class="Link" href="https://newatlas.com/author/ben-coxworth/" data-cms-ai="0">Ben Coxworth</a> </div> <div class="PromoB-description">3D printing single objects out of different materials can be difficult, if those materials cure at different rates. The new Inkbit system addresses that problem, and has been used to print a complex functional robotic hand… in just one print job.</div> </div> </div> </li> <li class="ListE-items-item"> <div class="PromoB" data-content-type="article"> <div class="PromoB-content"> <div class="PromoB-media"> <a class="Link" href="https://newatlas.com/3d-printing/three-3d-scanner/"aria-label="Full-color 3D scanner accurately models objects of "any size"" data-cms-ai="0"> <div class="Image__wrapper" data-template="Image"> <img class="Image " alt="Matter and Form's Three scanner makes full-color models of (theoretically) any size" width="720" height="480" data-image-size="promoMediumLarge" srcset="https://assets.newatlas.com/dims4/default/bd8d617/2147483647/strip/true/crop/3874x2583+0+0/resize/220x147!/quality/90/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fnewatlas-brightspot.s3.amazonaws.com%2F09%2Fe2%2Fc673321c49ca8e391a3d1525f1a1%2F9.png 220w,https://assets.newatlas.com/dims4/default/ab92b25/2147483647/strip/true/crop/3874x2583+0+0/resize/440x293!/quality/90/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fnewatlas-brightspot.s3.amazonaws.com%2F09%2Fe2%2Fc673321c49ca8e391a3d1525f1a1%2F9.png 440w,https://assets.newatlas.com/dims4/default/3b52604/2147483647/strip/true/crop/3874x2583+0+0/resize/800x533!/quality/90/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fnewatlas-brightspot.s3.amazonaws.com%2F09%2Fe2%2Fc673321c49ca8e391a3d1525f1a1%2F9.png 800w" src="https://assets.newatlas.com/dims4/default/bc16ce2/2147483647/strip/true/crop/3874x2583+0+0/resize/720x480!/quality/90/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fnewatlas-brightspot.s3.amazonaws.com%2F09%2Fe2%2Fc673321c49ca8e391a3d1525f1a1%2F9.png" sizes="(min-width: 768px) 440px, 92vw" /> </div> </a> </div> <div class="PromoB-category"> <a class="Link" href="https://newatlas.com/3d-printing/" data-cms-ai="0">3D Printing</a> </div> <div class="PromoB-title"> <a class="Link" href="https://newatlas.com/3d-printing/three-3d-scanner/" data-cms-ai="0">Full-color 3D scanner accurately models objects of "any size"</a> </div> <div class="PromoB-date"> October 27, 2023 | <a class="Link" href="https://newatlas.com/author/loz-blain/" data-cms-ai="0">Loz Blain</a> </div> <div class="PromoB-description">If you can 3D-scan it, you can 3D-print it – and Matter and Form has announced a super-versatile new way to do so. The Three system creates photorealistic, high-detail, full-color 3D scans of objects from coins to cars, and potentially beyond.</div> </div> </div> </li> <li class="ListE-items-item"> <div class="PromoB" data-content-type="article"> <div class="PromoB-content"> <div class="PromoB-media"> <a class="Link" href="https://newatlas.com/3d-printing/3d-printing-resin-soft-rigid/"aria-label="3D printing resin produces single items that are both soft and rigid" data-cms-ai="0"> <div class="Image__wrapper" data-template="Image"> <img class="Image " alt="The resin was used to create this wearable, that converts text messages into tactile braille" width="720" height="480" data-image-size="promoMediumLarge" srcset="https://assets.newatlas.com/dims4/default/81df620/2147483647/strip/true/crop/675x450+0+0/resize/220x147!/quality/90/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fnewatlas-brightspot.s3.amazonaws.com%2F08%2Fd7%2Fc724978a4446be9c46d8e30e8ca0%2F3d-printed-material-image-875x500-1.jpeg 220w,https://assets.newatlas.com/dims4/default/f5313d4/2147483647/strip/true/crop/675x450+0+0/resize/440x293!/quality/90/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fnewatlas-brightspot.s3.amazonaws.com%2F08%2Fd7%2Fc724978a4446be9c46d8e30e8ca0%2F3d-printed-material-image-875x500-1.jpeg 440w,https://assets.newatlas.com/dims4/default/7e7f72b/2147483647/strip/true/crop/675x450+0+0/resize/800x533!/quality/90/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fnewatlas-brightspot.s3.amazonaws.com%2F08%2Fd7%2Fc724978a4446be9c46d8e30e8ca0%2F3d-printed-material-image-875x500-1.jpeg 800w" src="https://assets.newatlas.com/dims4/default/da6e14e/2147483647/strip/true/crop/675x450+0+0/resize/720x480!/quality/90/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fnewatlas-brightspot.s3.amazonaws.com%2F08%2Fd7%2Fc724978a4446be9c46d8e30e8ca0%2F3d-printed-material-image-875x500-1.jpeg" sizes="(min-width: 768px) 440px, 92vw" /> </div> </a> </div> <div class="PromoB-category"> <a class="Link" href="https://newatlas.com/3d-printing/" data-cms-ai="0">3D Printing</a> </div> <div class="PromoB-title"> <a class="Link" href="https://newatlas.com/3d-printing/3d-printing-resin-soft-rigid/" data-cms-ai="0">3D printing resin produces single items that are both soft and rigid</a> </div> <div class="PromoB-date"> September 26, 2023 | <a class="Link" href="https://newatlas.com/author/ben-coxworth/" data-cms-ai="0">Ben Coxworth</a> </div> <div class="PromoB-description">Although an increasing number of devices are being developed for use on or in our bodies, such devices tend not to be very … "body-like." A new 3D printing resin could change that, by allowing for variable stiffness throughout single objects.</div> </div> </div> </li> <li class="ListE-items-item"> <div class="PromoB" data-content-type="article"> <div class="PromoB-content"> <div class="PromoB-media"> <a class="Link" href="https://newatlas.com/3d-printing/ankermake-m5c/"aria-label="Anker makes high-speed 3D printing even more affordable with the M5C" data-cms-ai="0"> <div class="Image__wrapper" data-template="Image"> <img class="Image " alt="Anker has trimmed some of the fat from its first 3D printer to bring the price down for the AnkerMake M5C model" width="720" height="480" data-image-size="promoMediumLarge" srcset="https://assets.newatlas.com/dims4/default/ea86cd5/2147483647/strip/true/crop/5900x3933+88+0/resize/220x147!/quality/90/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fnewatlas-brightspot.s3.amazonaws.com%2F7f%2F5e%2F9c35a4f24b2c8bd1feb302f963be%2Fankermake-m5c-2.jpg 220w,https://assets.newatlas.com/dims4/default/210c80d/2147483647/strip/true/crop/5900x3933+88+0/resize/440x293!/quality/90/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fnewatlas-brightspot.s3.amazonaws.com%2F7f%2F5e%2F9c35a4f24b2c8bd1feb302f963be%2Fankermake-m5c-2.jpg 440w,https://assets.newatlas.com/dims4/default/f75fab4/2147483647/strip/true/crop/5900x3933+88+0/resize/800x533!/quality/90/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fnewatlas-brightspot.s3.amazonaws.com%2F7f%2F5e%2F9c35a4f24b2c8bd1feb302f963be%2Fankermake-m5c-2.jpg 800w" src="https://assets.newatlas.com/dims4/default/283208a/2147483647/strip/true/crop/5900x3933+88+0/resize/720x480!/quality/90/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fnewatlas-brightspot.s3.amazonaws.com%2F7f%2F5e%2F9c35a4f24b2c8bd1feb302f963be%2Fankermake-m5c-2.jpg" sizes="(min-width: 768px) 440px, 92vw" /> </div> </a> </div> <div class="PromoB-category"> <a class="Link" href="https://newatlas.com/3d-printing/" data-cms-ai="0">3D Printing</a> </div> <div class="PromoB-title"> <a class="Link" href="https://newatlas.com/3d-printing/ankermake-m5c/" data-cms-ai="0">Anker makes high-speed 3D printing even more affordable with the M5C</a> </div> <div class="PromoB-date"> August 02, 2023 | <a class="Link" href="https://newatlas.com/author/paul-ridden/" data-cms-ai="0">Paul Ridden</a> </div> <div class="PromoB-description">Last year, Anker breezed into the desktop 3D printing space with the AnkerMake M5, launching on Kickstarter to test the market and fund production. Now the company has announced a more affordable follow up called the M5C.</div> </div> </div> </li> </ul> <div class="ListE-nextPage" data-list-loadmore-pagination> <span class="Link" data-href="?00000192-0872-d5da-a7b6-89ff9c970000-page=2" rel="nofollow">Load More</span> </div> </ps-list-loadmore> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </main> <aside class="Page-aside"><div class="OcelotAdModule" data-id="desktop_right_1"><div class="OcelotAdModule-ad" id="desktop_right_1"></div></div><div class="OcelotAdModule" data-id="desktop_right_2"><div class="OcelotAdModule-ad" id="desktop_right_2"></div></div><div class="OcelotAdModule" data-id="desktop_right_3"><div class="OcelotAdModule-ad" id="desktop_right_3"></div></div><div class="OcelotAdModule" data-id="desktop_right_4"><div class="OcelotAdModule-ad" id="desktop_right_4"></div></div></aside> </div> </div> <div class="Page-below" > <div class="Page-below-content"><div id="taboola-below-category-thumbnails"></div> <script type="text/javascript"> window._taboola = window._taboola || []; _taboola.push({container: 'taboola-below-category-thumbnails', mode: 'thumbnails-b', placement: 'Below Category Thumbnails', target_type: 'mix' }); </script><div class="OcelotAdModule" data-id="desktop_footer"><div class="OcelotAdModule-ad" id="desktop_footer"></div></div></div> </div> <footer class="Page-footer" itemscope itemtype="https://schema.org/WPFooter"> <div class="Page-footer-body"> <div class="Page-footer-columns"> <div class="Page-footer-column"> <div class="Page-footer-logo"><a class="PageLogo" aria-label="Home page" href="/" data-cms-ai="0" > <img src="https://assets.newatlas.com/83/34/3496805e4803b1046abf85156eb9/newatlas-logo-no-arc-tight-1.svg" alt="New Atlas Logo" width="252" height="35" /></a> </div> <div class="Page-footer-content"> <div class="PromoButton" data-content-type="oneOffPage" data-no-media> <div class="PromoButton-description"><h2>GET OUR NEWSLETTER</h2><br>Over 220,000 people receive our email newsletter. Get your daily dose of extraordinary ideas!</div> <div class="PromoButton-cta"> <a class="Link" href="https://newatlas.com/newsletter-subscription/"aria-label="Register" data-cms-ai="0">Register</a> </div> </div><div class="PromoAutoHeight" data-content-type="external"> <div class="PromoAutoHeight-media"> <a class="Link" href="https://news.google.com/publications/CAAqBggKMPKAPjC7MA?hl=en-IE&gl=IE&ceid=IE%3Aen" target="_blank" data-cms-ai="0"> <div class="Image__wrapper" data-template="Image"> <img class="Image " alt="Google News Logo" width="200" height="54" data-image-size="promoMediumAutoHeight" srcset="https://assets.newatlas.com/dims4/default/006d79e/2147483647/strip/true/crop/403x108+0+0/resize/420x113!/quality/90/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fnewatlas-brightspot.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fab%2Fad%2F434d5a124c8a956799da20c73cd3%2Ffollow2.gif 420w,https://assets.newatlas.com/dims4/default/25955d2/2147483647/strip/true/crop/403x108+0+0/resize/840x227!/quality/90/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fnewatlas-brightspot.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fab%2Fad%2F434d5a124c8a956799da20c73cd3%2Ffollow2.gif 840w,https://assets.newatlas.com/dims4/default/69b3344/2147483647/strip/true/crop/403x108+0+0/resize/1680x454!/quality/90/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fnewatlas-brightspot.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fab%2Fad%2F434d5a124c8a956799da20c73cd3%2Ffollow2.gif 1680w" src="https://assets.newatlas.com/dims4/default/0c3c5b0/2147483647/strip/true/crop/403x108+0+0/resize/200x54!/quality/90/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fnewatlas-brightspot.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fab%2Fad%2F434d5a124c8a956799da20c73cd3%2Ffollow2.gif" /> </div> </a> </div> <div class="PromoAutoHeight-content"> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="Page-footer-column"> <div class="Page-footer-navigation"> <nav class="FooterNavigation" itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/SiteNavigationElement"> <ul class="FooterNavigation-items"> <li class="FooterNavigation-items-item"> <div class="FooterNavigationItem" > <div class="FooterNavigationItem-text"> <a class="FooterNavigationItem-text-link" href="https://newatlas.com/" data-cms-ai="0">HOME</a> </div> <ul class="FooterNavigationItem-items"> <li class="FooterNavigationItem-items-item"> <a class="NavigationLink" href="https://newatlas.com/subscribe/" data-cms-ai="0">SUBSCRIBE</a> </li> <li class="FooterNavigationItem-items-item"> <a class="NavigationLink" href="https://newatlas.com/tag/features/" data-cms-ai="0">FEATURES </a> </li> <li class="FooterNavigationItem-items-item"> <a class="NavigationLink" href="https://newatlas.com/reviews/" data-cms-ai="0">REVIEWS</a> </li> <li class="FooterNavigationItem-items-item"> <a class="NavigationLink" href="https://newatlas.com/about" data-cms-ai="0">ABOUT</a> </li> <li class="FooterNavigationItem-items-item"> <a class="NavigationLink" href="https://newatlas.com/advertise/" data-cms-ai="0">ADVERTISE</a> </li> <li class="FooterNavigationItem-items-item"> <a class="NavigationLink" href="https://newatlas.com/termsofuse/" data-cms-ai="0">TERMS</a> </li> <li class="FooterNavigationItem-items-item"> <a class="NavigationLink" href="https://newatlas.com/privacy/" data-cms-ai="0">PRIVACY</a> </li> <li class="FooterNavigationItem-items-item"> <a class="NavigationLink" href="https://newatlas.com/contact/" data-cms-ai="0">CONTACT</a> </li> <li class="FooterNavigationItem-items-item"> <a class="NavigationLink" href="https://newatlas.com/rss" data-cms-ai="0">RSS</a> </li> <li class="FooterNavigationItem-items-item"> <a class="NavigationLink" href="https://newatlas.com/faq/" data-cms-ai="0">FAQ</a> </li> </ul> </div> </li> <li class="FooterNavigation-items-item"> <div class="FooterNavigationItem" > <div class="FooterNavigationItem-text"> <a class="FooterNavigationItem-text-link" href="https://newatlas.com/science/" data-cms-ai="0">SCIENCE</a> </div> <ul class="FooterNavigationItem-items"> <li class="FooterNavigationItem-items-item"> <a class="NavigationLink" href="https://newatlas.com/biology/" data-cms-ai="0">Biology</a> </li> <li class="FooterNavigationItem-items-item"> <a class="NavigationLink" href="https://newatlas.com/environment/" data-cms-ai="0">Environment</a> </li> <li class="FooterNavigationItem-items-item"> <a class="NavigationLink" href="https://newatlas.com/materials/" data-cms-ai="0">Materials </a> </li> <li class="FooterNavigationItem-items-item"> <a class="NavigationLink" href="https://newatlas.com/medical/" data-cms-ai="0">Medical</a> </li> <li class="FooterNavigationItem-items-item"> <a class="NavigationLink" href="https://newatlas.com/physics/" data-cms-ai="0">Physics</a> </li> <li class="FooterNavigationItem-items-item"> <a class="NavigationLink" href="https://newatlas.com/space/" data-cms-ai="0">Space</a> </li> <li class="FooterNavigationItem-items-item"> <a class="NavigationLink" href="https://newatlas.com/quantum-computing/" data-cms-ai="0">Quantum Computing</a> </li> </ul> </div> </li> <li class="FooterNavigation-items-item"> <div class="FooterNavigationItem" > <div class="FooterNavigationItem-text"> <a class="FooterNavigationItem-text-link" href="https://newatlas.com/technology/" data-cms-ai="0">TECHNOLOGY</a> </div> <ul class="FooterNavigationItem-items"> <li class="FooterNavigationItem-items-item"> <a class="NavigationLink" href="https://newatlas.com/ai-humanoids/" data-cms-ai="0">AI & Humanoids</a> </li> <li class="FooterNavigationItem-items-item"> <a class="NavigationLink" href="https://newatlas.com/computers/" data-cms-ai="0">Computers</a> </li> <li class="FooterNavigationItem-items-item"> <a class="NavigationLink" href="https://newatlas.com/consumer-tech/" data-cms-ai="0">Consumer Tech</a> </li> <li class="FooterNavigationItem-items-item"> <a class="NavigationLink" href="https://newatlas.com/drones/" data-cms-ai="0">Drones</a> </li> <li class="FooterNavigationItem-items-item"> <a class="NavigationLink" href="https://newatlas.com/energy/" data-cms-ai="0">Energy</a> </li> <li class="FooterNavigationItem-items-item"> <a class="NavigationLink" href="https://newatlas.com/home-entertainment/" data-cms-ai="0">Home Entertainment</a> </li> <li class="FooterNavigationItem-items-item"> <a class="NavigationLink" href="https://newatlas.com/manufacturing/" data-cms-ai="0">Manufacturing</a> </li> <li class="FooterNavigationItem-items-item"> <a class="NavigationLink" href="https://newatlas.com/military/" data-cms-ai="0">Military </a> </li> <li class="FooterNavigationItem-items-item"> <a class="NavigationLink" href="https://newatlas.com/music/" data-cms-ai="0">Music </a> </li> <li class="FooterNavigationItem-items-item"> <a class="NavigationLink" href="https://newatlas.com/robotics/" data-cms-ai="0">Robotics</a> </li> <li class="FooterNavigationItem-items-item"> <a class="NavigationLink" href="https://newatlas.com/telecommunications/" data-cms-ai="0">Telecommunications</a> </li> <li class="FooterNavigationItem-items-item"> <a class="NavigationLink" href="https://newatlas.com/vr/" data-cms-ai="0">Virtual Reality</a> </li> <li class="FooterNavigationItem-items-item"> <a class="NavigationLink" href="https://newatlas.com/deals/" data-cms-ai="0">Deals</a> </li> </ul> </div> </li> <li class="FooterNavigation-items-item"> <div class="FooterNavigationItem" > <div class="FooterNavigationItem-text"> <a class="FooterNavigationItem-text-link" href="https://newatlas.com/transport/" data-cms-ai="0">TRANSPORT</a> </div> <ul class="FooterNavigationItem-items"> <li class="FooterNavigationItem-items-item"> <a class="NavigationLink" href="https://newatlas.com/aircraft/" data-cms-ai="0">Aircraft</a> </li> <li class="FooterNavigationItem-items-item"> <a class="NavigationLink" href="https://newatlas.com/automotive/" data-cms-ai="0">Automotive </a> </li> <li class="FooterNavigationItem-items-item"> <a class="NavigationLink" href="https://newatlas.com/bicycles/" data-cms-ai="0">Bicycles </a> </li> <li class="FooterNavigationItem-items-item"> <a class="NavigationLink" href="https://newatlas.com/marine/" data-cms-ai="0">Marine</a> </li> <li class="FooterNavigationItem-items-item"> <a class="NavigationLink" href="https://newatlas.com/motorcycles/" data-cms-ai="0">Motorcycles</a> </li> <li class="FooterNavigationItem-items-item"> <a class="NavigationLink" href="https://newatlas.com/urban-transport/" data-cms-ai="0">Urban Transport</a> </li> </ul> </div> </li> <li class="FooterNavigation-items-item"> <div class="FooterNavigationItem" > <div class="FooterNavigationItem-text"> <a class="FooterNavigationItem-text-link" href="https://newatlas.com/lifestyle/" data-cms-ai="0">LIFESTYLE</a> </div> <ul class="FooterNavigationItem-items"> <li class="FooterNavigationItem-items-item"> <a class="NavigationLink" href="https://newatlas.com/architecture/" data-cms-ai="0">Architecture</a> </li> <li class="FooterNavigationItem-items-item"> <a class="NavigationLink" href="https://newatlas.com/around-the-home/" data-cms-ai="0">Around the Home </a> </li> <li class="FooterNavigationItem-items-item"> <a class="NavigationLink" href="https://newatlas.com/children/" data-cms-ai="0">Children </a> </li> <li class="FooterNavigationItem-items-item"> <a class="NavigationLink" href="https://newatlas.com/collectibles/" data-cms-ai="0">Collectibles</a> </li> <li class="FooterNavigationItem-items-item"> <a class="NavigationLink" href="https://newatlas.com/good-thinking/" data-cms-ai="0">Good Thinking </a> </li> <li class="FooterNavigationItem-items-item"> <a class="NavigationLink" href="https://newatlas.com/holiday-destinations/" data-cms-ai="0">Holiday Destinations </a> </li> <li class="FooterNavigationItem-items-item"> <a class="NavigationLink" href="https://newatlas.com/outdoors/" data-cms-ai="0">Outdoors</a> </li> <li class="FooterNavigationItem-items-item"> <a class="NavigationLink" href="https://newatlas.com/pets/" data-cms-ai="0">Pets</a> </li> <li class="FooterNavigationItem-items-item"> <a class="NavigationLink" href="https://newatlas.com/remarkable-people/" data-cms-ai="0">Remarkable People </a> </li> <li class="FooterNavigationItem-items-item"> <a class="NavigationLink" href="https://newatlas.com/tiny-houses/" data-cms-ai="0">Tiny Houses</a> </li> <li class="FooterNavigationItem-items-item"> <a class="NavigationLink" href="https://newatlas.com/new-atlas-20/" data-cms-ai="0">20th Anniversary</a> </li> </ul> </div> </li> <li class="FooterNavigation-items-item"> <div class="FooterNavigationItem" > <div class="FooterNavigationItem-text"> <a class="FooterNavigationItem-text-link" href="https://newatlas.com/medical/" data-cms-ai="0">BODY & MIND</a> </div> <ul class="FooterNavigationItem-items"> <li class="FooterNavigationItem-items-item"> <a class="NavigationLink" href="https://newatlas.com/disease/" data-cms-ai="0">Illnesses and conditions</a> </li> <li class="FooterNavigationItem-items-item"> <a class="NavigationLink" href="https://newatlas.com/brain/" data-cms-ai="0">Brain Health</a> </li> <li class="FooterNavigationItem-items-item"> <a class="NavigationLink" href="https://newatlas.com/medical-tech/" data-cms-ai="0">Medical Innovations</a> </li> <li class="FooterNavigationItem-items-item"> <a class="NavigationLink" href="https://newatlas.com/medical-ai/" data-cms-ai="0">AI in Health</a> </li> <li class="FooterNavigationItem-items-item"> <a class="NavigationLink" href="https://newatlas.com/imaging-diagnostics/" data-cms-ai="0">Imaging & Diagnostics</a> </li> <li class="FooterNavigationItem-items-item"> <a class="NavigationLink" href="https://newatlas.com/medical-devices/" data-cms-ai="0">Medical Devices</a> </li> <li class="FooterNavigationItem-items-item"> <a class="NavigationLink" href="https://newatlas.com/psychedelics/" data-cms-ai="0">Psychedelics</a> </li> <li class="FooterNavigationItem-items-item"> <a class="NavigationLink" href="https://newatlas.com/health-wellbeing/" data-cms-ai="0">Wellness & Healthy Living</a> </li> <li class="FooterNavigationItem-items-item"> <a class="NavigationLink" href="https://newatlas.com/aging/" data-cms-ai="0">Aging Well</a> </li> <li class="FooterNavigationItem-items-item"> <a class="NavigationLink" href="https://newatlas.com/diet-nutrition/" data-cms-ai="0">Diet & Nutrition</a> </li> <li class="FooterNavigationItem-items-item"> <a class="NavigationLink" href="https://newatlas.com/fitness/" data-cms-ai="0">Fitness & Exercise</a> </li> <li class="FooterNavigationItem-items-item"> <a class="NavigationLink" href="https://newatlas.com/sleep/" data-cms-ai="0">Sleep</a> </li> </ul> </div> </li> </ul> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="Page-footer-social"><div class="SocialBar"> <div class="SocialBar-heading">Follow Us</div> <ul class="SocialBar-items"> <li class="SocialBar-items-item"> <a class="SocialLink" rel="noreferrer" href="https://twitter.com/nwtls" target="_blank" data-social-service="twitter" data-cms-ai="0"><svg><use xlink:href="#mono-icon-twitter"></use></svg><span class="sr-only">twitter</span></a> </li> <li class="SocialBar-items-item"> <a class="SocialLink" rel="noreferrer" href="https://www.instagram.com/new.atlas/" target="_blank" data-social-service="instagram" data-cms-ai="0"><svg><use xlink:href="#mono-icon-instagram"></use></svg><span class="sr-only">instagram</span></a> </li> <li class="SocialBar-items-item"> <a class="SocialLink" rel="noreferrer" href="https://www.pinterest.com/newatlasdotcom" target="_blank" data-social-service="pinterest" data-cms-ai="0"><svg><use xlink:href="#mono-icon-pinterest"></use></svg><span class="sr-only">pinterest</span></a> </li> <li class="SocialBar-items-item"> <a class="SocialLink" rel="noreferrer" href="https://flipboard.com/@NewAtlas" target="_blank" data-social-service="flipboard" data-cms-ai="0"><svg><use xlink:href="#mono-icon-flipboard"></use></svg><span class="sr-only">flipboard</span></a> </li> <li class="SocialBar-items-item"> <a class="SocialLink" rel="noreferrer" href="https://www.facebook.com/nwtls" target="_blank" data-social-service="facebook" data-cms-ai="0"><svg><use xlink:href="#mono-icon-facebook"></use></svg><span class="sr-only">facebook</span></a> </li> <li class="SocialBar-items-item"> <a class="SocialLink" rel="noreferrer" href="https://www.linkedin.com/company/new-atlas/" target="_blank" data-social-service="linkedin" data-cms-ai="0"><svg><use xlink:href="#mono-icon-linkedin"></use></svg><span class="sr-only">linkedin</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> <div class="Page-footer-disclaimer">© 2025 New Atlas</div> </div> </footer> <script type="text/javascript"> window._taboola = window._taboola || []; _taboola.push({ flush: true }); </script><noscript> <iframe src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/ns.html?id=GTM-TGZ8Q3J" height="0" width="0" style="display:none;visibility:hidden"></iframe> </noscript> <script src="https://assets.newatlas.com/resource/00000170-5da9-dc4c-adf0-ddebcfc10000/_resource/brightspot/analytics/search/SiteSearchAnalytics.5eb1a8a326b06970c71b3a253fbeaa64.gz.js" data-bsp-contentid="00000192-0897-d045-adde-faff1c6e0010"></script><span data-bsp-pv="ba7d9749-a9b7-3050-86ad-15e1b9f4be7d"></span><span data-bsp-pv="00000192-0897-d045-adde-faff1c6e0010"></span><script data-bsp-site="0000016b-72ef-d7aa-a5ff-7eef529e0000" data-bsp-contentid="00000192-0897-d045-adde-faff1c6e0010"></script><script data-bsp-site="0000016b-72ef-d7aa-a5ff-7eef529e0000" data-bsp-contentid="00000192-0897-d045-adde-faff1c6e0010" src="https://assets.newatlas.com/resource/00000170-5da9-dc4c-adf0-ddebcfc10000/_resource/analytics/bsp-analytics.min.686c87a3ca6667675841641b91fc7fe6.gz.js"></script></body> </html>