CINXE.COM
Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
<!DOCTYPE html> <html class="client-nojs vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-disabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-enabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-sticky-header-enabled vector-toc-not-available" lang="en" dir="ltr"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</title> <script>(function(){var className="client-js vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-disabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-enabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-sticky-header-enabled vector-toc-not-available";var cookie=document.cookie.match(/(?:^|; )enwikimwclientpreferences=([^;]+)/);if(cookie){cookie[1].split('%2C').forEach(function(pref){className=className.replace(new RegExp('(^| )'+pref.replace(/-clientpref-\w+$|[^\w-]+/g,'')+'-clientpref-\\w+( |$)'),'$1'+pref+'$2');});}document.documentElement.className=className;}());RLCONF={"wgBreakFrames":false,"wgSeparatorTransformTable":["",""],"wgDigitTransformTable":["",""],"wgDefaultDateFormat":"dmy","wgMonthNames":["","January","February","March","April","May","June","July","August","September","October","November","December"],"wgRequestId":"7fed4b28-abf6-4cdb-857e-a742d8520d3c","wgCanonicalNamespace":"","wgCanonicalSpecialPageName":false,"wgNamespaceNumber":0,"wgPageName":"Main_Page","wgTitle":"Main Page","wgCurRevisionId":1276485694,"wgRevisionId":1276485694,"wgArticleId":15580374,"wgIsArticle":true,"wgIsRedirect":false,"wgAction":"view","wgUserName":null,"wgUserGroups":["*"],"wgCategories":[],"wgPageViewLanguage":"en","wgPageContentLanguage":"en","wgPageContentModel":"wikitext","wgRelevantPageName":"Main_Page","wgRelevantArticleId":15580374,"wgIsProbablyEditable":false,"wgRelevantPageIsProbablyEditable":false,"wgRestrictionEdit":["sysop"],"wgRestrictionMove":["sysop"],"wgIsMainPage":true,"wgNoticeProject":"wikipedia","wgCiteReferencePreviewsActive":false,"wgFlaggedRevsParams":{"tags":{"status":{"levels":1}}},"wgMediaViewerOnClick":true,"wgMediaViewerEnabledByDefault":true,"wgPopupsFlags":0,"wgVisualEditor":{"pageLanguageCode":"en","pageLanguageDir":"ltr","pageVariantFallbacks":"en"},"wgMFDisplayWikibaseDescriptions":{"search":true,"watchlist":true,"tagline":false,"nearby":true},"wgWMESchemaEditAttemptStepOversample":false,"wgWMEPageLength":3000,"wgEditSubmitButtonLabelPublish":true,"wgULSPosition":"interlanguage","wgULSisCompactLinksEnabled":false,"wgVector2022LanguageInHeader":true,"wgULSisLanguageSelectorEmpty":false,"wgWikibaseItemId":"Q5296","wgCheckUserClientHintsHeadersJsApi":["brands","architecture","bitness","fullVersionList","mobile","model","platform","platformVersion"],"GEHomepageSuggestedEditsEnableTopics":true,"wgGETopicsMatchModeEnabled":false,"wgGEStructuredTaskRejectionReasonTextInputEnabled":false,"wgGELevelingUpEnabledForUser":false}; RLSTATE={"ext.globalCssJs.user.styles":"ready","site.styles":"ready","user.styles":"ready","ext.globalCssJs.user":"ready","user":"ready","user.options":"loading","skins.vector.search.codex.styles":"ready","skins.vector.styles":"ready","skins.vector.icons":"ready","ext.wikimediamessages.styles":"ready","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript":"ready","ext.uls.interlanguage":"ready"};RLPAGEMODULES=["site","mediawiki.page.ready","skins.vector.js","ext.centralNotice.geoIP","ext.centralNotice.startUp","ext.gadget.ReferenceTooltips","ext.gadget.switcher","ext.urlShortener.toolbar","ext.centralauth.centralautologin","mmv.bootstrap","ext.popups","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.init","ext.visualEditor.targetLoader","ext.echo.centralauth","ext.eventLogging","ext.wikimediaEvents","ext.navigationTiming","ext.uls.interface","ext.cx.eventlogging.campaigns","wikibase.client.vector-2022","ext.checkUser.clientHints","ext.growthExperiments.SuggestedEditSession"];</script> <script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.loader.impl(function(){return["user.options@12s5i",function($,jQuery,require,module){mw.user.tokens.set({"patrolToken":"+\\","watchToken":"+\\","csrfToken":"+\\"}); }];});});</script> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=ext.uls.interlanguage%7Cext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript%7Cext.wikimediamessages.styles%7Cskins.vector.icons%2Cstyles%7Cskins.vector.search.codex.styles&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <script async="" src="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=startup&only=scripts&raw=1&skin=vector-2022"></script> <meta name="ResourceLoaderDynamicStyles" content=""> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=site.styles&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <meta name="generator" content="MediaWiki 1.44.0-wmf.20"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin-when-cross-origin"> <meta name="robots" content="max-image-preview:standard"> <meta name="format-detection" content="telephone=no"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/57/Remains_of_night_club_in_Kochani_after_the_fire_VOA.jpg/1200px-Remains_of_night_club_in_Kochani_after_the_fire_VOA.jpg"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="1200"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="900"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/57/Remains_of_night_club_in_Kochani_after_the_fire_VOA.jpg/800px-Remains_of_night_club_in_Kochani_after_the_fire_VOA.jpg"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="800"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="600"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/57/Remains_of_night_club_in_Kochani_after_the_fire_VOA.jpg/640px-Remains_of_night_club_in_Kochani_after_the_fire_VOA.jpg"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="640"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="480"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=1120"> <meta property="og:title" content="Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia"> <meta property="og:type" content="website"> <link rel="preconnect" href="//upload.wikimedia.org"> <link rel="alternate" media="only screen and (max-width: 640px)" href="//en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Main_Page"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/atom+xml" title="Wikipedia picture of the day feed" href="/w/api.php?action=featuredfeed&feed=potd&feedformat=atom"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/atom+xml" title="Wikipedia featured articles feed" href="/w/api.php?action=featuredfeed&feed=featured&feedformat=atom"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/atom+xml" title="Wikipedia "On this day..." feed" href="/w/api.php?action=featuredfeed&feed=onthisday&feedformat=atom"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="/static/apple-touch/wikipedia.png"> <link rel="icon" href="/static/favicon/wikipedia.ico"> <link rel="search" type="application/opensearchdescription+xml" href="/w/rest.php/v1/search" title="Wikipedia (en)"> <link rel="EditURI" type="application/rsd+xml" href="//en.wikipedia.org/w/api.php?action=rsd"> <link rel="canonical" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Main_Page"> <link rel="license" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.en"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/atom+xml" title="Wikipedia Atom feed" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:RecentChanges&feed=atom"> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//meta.wikimedia.org" /> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="login.wikimedia.org"> </head> <body class="skin--responsive skin-vector skin-vector-search-vue mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject page-Main_Page rootpage-Main_Page skin-vector-2022 action-view"><a class="mw-jump-link" href="#bodyContent">Jump to content</a> <div class="vector-header-container"> <header class="vector-header mw-header"> <div class="vector-header-start"> <nav class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-main-menu-dropdown vector-button-flush-left vector-button-flush-right" title="Main menu" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Main menu" > <label id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-label" for="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-menu mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-menu"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Main menu</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-main-menu" class="vector-main-menu vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-main-menu-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="main-menu-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-main-menu" data-pinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Main menu</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.unpin">hide</button> </div> <div id="p-navigation" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-navigation" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Navigation </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-mainpage-description" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Main_Page" title="Visit the main page [z]" accesskey="z"><span>Main page</span></a></li><li id="n-contents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Contents" title="Guides to browsing Wikipedia"><span>Contents</span></a></li><li id="n-currentevents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Current_events" title="Articles related to current events"><span>Current events</span></a></li><li id="n-randompage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:Random" title="Visit a randomly selected article [x]" accesskey="x"><span>Random article</span></a></li><li id="n-aboutsite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:About" title="Learn about Wikipedia and how it works"><span>About Wikipedia</span></a></li><li id="n-contactpage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Contact_us" title="How to contact Wikipedia"><span>Contact us</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-interaction" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-interaction" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Contribute </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-help" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Help:Contents" title="Guidance on how to use and edit Wikipedia"><span>Help</span></a></li><li id="n-introduction" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Help:Introduction" title="Learn how to edit Wikipedia"><span>Learn to edit</span></a></li><li id="n-portal" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Community_portal" title="The hub for editors"><span>Community portal</span></a></li><li id="n-recentchanges" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:RecentChanges" title="A list of recent changes to Wikipedia [r]" accesskey="r"><span>Recent changes</span></a></li><li id="n-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:File_upload_wizard" title="Add images or other media for use on Wikipedia"><span>Upload file</span></a></li><li id="n-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:SpecialPages"><span>Special pages</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <a href="/wiki/Main_Page" class="mw-logo"> <img class="mw-logo-icon" src="/static/images/icons/wikipedia.png" alt="" aria-hidden="true" height="50" width="50"> <span class="mw-logo-container skin-invert"> <img class="mw-logo-wordmark" alt="Wikipedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-en.svg" style="width: 7.5em; height: 1.125em;"> <img class="mw-logo-tagline" alt="The Free Encyclopedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-tagline-en.svg" width="117" height="13" style="width: 7.3125em; height: 0.8125em;"> </span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-header-end"> <div id="p-search" role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-collapses vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box-auto-expand-width vector-search-box"> <a href="/wiki/Special:Search" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only search-toggle" title="Search Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-search mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-search"></span> <span>Search</span> </a> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail cdx-typeahead-search--auto-expand-width"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="searchform" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div id="simpleSearch" class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="Search Wikipedia" aria-label="Search Wikipedia" autocapitalize="sentences" title="Search Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f" id="searchInput" > <span class="cdx-text-input__icon cdx-text-input__start-icon"></span> </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Special:Search"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">Search</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-user-links vector-user-links-wide" aria-label="Personal tools"> <div class="vector-user-links-main"> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-preferences" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="Change the appearance of the page's font size, width, and color" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Appearance" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Appearance</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/?wmf_source=donate&wmf_medium=sidebar&wmf_campaign=en.wikipedia.org&uselang=en" class=""><span>Donate</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=Main+Page" title="You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory" class=""><span>Create account</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=Main+Page" title="You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Log in</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Log in and more options" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Personal tools" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Personal tools</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="User menu" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/?wmf_source=donate&wmf_medium=sidebar&wmf_campaign=en.wikipedia.org&uselang=en"><span>Donate</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=Main+Page" title="You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Create account</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=Main+Page" title="You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Log in</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Pages for logged out editors <a href="/wiki/Help:Introduction" aria-label="Learn more about editing"><span>learn more</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyContributions" title="A list of edits made from this IP address [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Contributions</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyTalk" title="Discussion about edits from this IP address [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Talk</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"><!-- CentralNotice --></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar vector-page-titlebar-blank"> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading" style="display: none"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Main Page</span></h1> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Main_Page" title="View the content page [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Main Page</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Talk:Main_Page" rel="discussion" title="Discuss improvements to the content page [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Talk</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Change language variant" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">English</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Views"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Main_Page"><span>Read</span></a></li><li id="ca-viewsource" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Main_Page&action=edit" title="This page is protected. You can view its source [e]" accesskey="e"><span>View source</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Main_Page&action=history" title="Past revisions of this page [h]" accesskey="h"><span>View history</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Tools" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Tools</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Tools</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">hide</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="More options" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Actions </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Main_Page"><span>Read</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-viewsource" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Main_Page&action=edit"><span>View source</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Main_Page&action=history"><span>View history</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> General </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/Main_Page" title="List of all English Wikipedia pages containing links to this page [j]" accesskey="j"><span>What links here</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:RecentChangesLinked/Main_Page" rel="nofollow" title="Recent changes in pages linked from this page [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Related changes</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:File_Upload_Wizard" title="Upload files [u]" accesskey="u"><span>Upload file</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Main_Page&oldid=1276485694" title="Permanent link to this revision of this page"><span>Permanent link</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Main_Page&action=info" title="More information about this page"><span>Page information</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CiteThisPage&page=Main_Page&id=1276485694&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Information on how to cite this page"><span>Cite this page</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FMain_Page"><span>Get shortened URL</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FMain_Page"><span>Download QR code</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Print/export </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:DownloadAsPdf&page=Main_Page&action=show-download-screen" title="Download this page as a PDF file"><span>Download as PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Main_Page&printable=yes" title="Printable version of this page [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Printable version</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> In other projects </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Main_Page" hreflang="en"><span>Wikimedia Commons</span></a></li><li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-foundation mw-list-item"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Home" hreflang="en"><span>Wikimedia Foundation</span></a></li><li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-mediawiki mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/MediaWiki" hreflang="en"><span>MediaWiki</span></a></li><li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-meta mw-list-item"><a href="https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Main_Page" hreflang="en"><span>Meta-Wiki</span></a></li><li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-outreach mw-list-item"><a href="https://outreach.wikimedia.org/wiki/Main_Page" hreflang="en"><span>Wikimedia Outreach</span></a></li><li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-sources mw-list-item"><a href="https://wikisource.org/wiki/Main_Page" hreflang="en"><span>Multilingual Wikisource</span></a></li><li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-species mw-list-item"><a href="https://species.wikimedia.org/wiki/Main_Page" hreflang="en"><span>Wikispecies</span></a></li><li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibooks mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Main_Page" hreflang="en"><span>Wikibooks</span></a></li><li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikidata mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Wikidata:Main_Page" hreflang="en"><span>Wikidata</span></a></li><li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikifunctions mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikifunctions.org/wiki/Wikifunctions:Main_Page" hreflang="en"><span>Wikifunctions</span></a></li><li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikimania badge-Q70894304 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://wikimania.wikimedia.org/wiki/Wikimania" hreflang="en"><span>Wikimania</span></a></li><li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikinews mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikinews.org/wiki/Main_Page" hreflang="en"><span>Wikinews</span></a></li><li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikiquote mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Main_Page" hreflang="en"><span>Wikiquote</span></a></li><li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikisource mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Main_Page" hreflang="en"><span>Wikisource</span></a></li><li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikiversity mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikiversity.org/wiki/Wikiversity:Main_Page" hreflang="en"><span>Wikiversity</span></a></li><li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikivoyage mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikivoyage.org/wiki/Main_Page" hreflang="en"><span>Wikivoyage</span></a></li><li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wiktionary mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Wiktionary:Main_Page" hreflang="en"><span>Wiktionary</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q5296" title="Structured data on this page hosted by Wikidata [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Wikidata item</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Appearance</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">hide</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1267836611">.mw-parser-output .mp-box{border:1px solid #aaa;padding:0 0.5em 0.5em;margin-top:4px}.mw-parser-output .mp-h2,body.skin-timeless .mw-parser-output .mp-h2{border:1px solid #aaa;margin:0.5em 0;padding:0.2em 0.4em;font-size:120%;font-weight:bold;font-family:inherit}.mw-parser-output .mp-later{font-size:85%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output #mp-welcomecount{text-align:center;margin:0.4em}.mw-parser-output #mp-welcome{font-size:162%;padding:0.1em}.mw-parser-output #mp-welcome h1,.mw-parser-output #mp-welcome .mw-heading1{font-size:inherit;font-family:inherit;display:inline;border:none}.mw-parser-output #mp-free{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output #articlecount{font-size:85%}.mw-parser-output #articlecount>ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output #articlecount>ul>li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output #articlecount>ul>li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output #articlecount>ul>li:last-child::after{content:""}.mw-parser-output .mp-contains-float::after{content:"";display:block;clear:both}@media(max-width:875px){.mw-parser-output #mp-tfp table,.mw-parser-output #mp-tfp tr,.mw-parser-output #mp-tfp td,.mw-parser-output #mp-tfp tbody{display:block!important;width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output #mp-tfp tr:first-child td:first-child a.mw-file-description{text-align:center;display:table;margin:0 auto}.mw-parser-output #articlecount>ul>li::after{content:"";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output #articlecount>ul>li{display:block}}@media(min-width:875px){.mw-parser-output #mp-upper{display:flex}.mw-parser-output #mp-left{flex:1 1 55%;margin-right:2px}.mw-parser-output #mp-right{flex:1 1 45%;margin-left:2px}}@media screen{.mw-parser-output #mp-topbanner{background-color:#f9f9f9;border-color:#ddd}.mw-parser-output #mp-banner{background-color:#fffaf5;border-color:#f2e0ce}.mw-parser-output #mp-left{background-color:#f5fffa;border-color:#cef2e0}.mw-parser-output #mp-left .mp-h2{background-color:#cef2e0;border-color:#a3bfb1}.mw-parser-output #mp-right{background-color:#f5faff;border-color:#cedff2}.mw-parser-output #mp-right .mp-h2{background-color:#cedff2;border-color:#a3b0bf}.mw-parser-output #mp-middle{background-color:#fff5fa;border-color:#f2cedd}.mw-parser-output #mp-middle .mp-h2{background-color:#f2cedd;border-color:#bfa3af}.mw-parser-output #mp-lower{background-color:#faf5ff;border-color:#ddcef2}.mw-parser-output #mp-lower .mp-h2{background-color:#ddcef2;border-color:#afa3bf}.mw-parser-output #mp-bottom{border-color:#e2e2e2}.mw-parser-output #mp-bottom .mp-h2{background-color:#eee;border-color:#ddd}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output #mp-topbanner{background-color:#171a1d;border-color:#676767}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output #mp-banner{background-color:#431107;border-color:#663428}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output #mp-left{background-color:#0b1e1c;border-color:#104437}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output #mp-left .mp-h2{background-color:#104437;border-color:#2f4d41}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output #mp-right{background-color:#0d1a27;border-color:#082849}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output #mp-right .mp-h2{background-color:#082849;border-color:#a3b0bf}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output #mp-middle{background-color:#270e1a;border-color:#882c43}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output #mp-middle .mp-h2{background-color:#882c43;border-color:#926c80}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output #mp-lower{background-color:#130e20;border-color:#7545ab}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output #mp-lower .mp-h2{background-color:#7545ab;border-color:#afa3bf}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output #mp-bottom{border-color:#676767}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output #mp-bottom .mp-h2{background-color:#3d3d3d;border-color:#676767}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output #mp-topbanner{background-color:#171a1d;border-color:#676767}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output #mp-banner{background-color:#431107;border-color:#663428}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output #mp-left{background-color:#0b1e1c;border-color:#104437}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output #mp-left .mp-h2{background-color:#104437;border-color:#2f4d41}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output #mp-right{background-color:#0d1a27;border-color:#082849}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output #mp-right .mp-h2{background-color:#082849;border-color:#a3b0bf}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output #mp-middle{background-color:#270e1a;border-color:#882c43}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output #mp-middle .mp-h2{background-color:#882c43;border-color:#926c80}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output #mp-lower{background-color:#130e20;border-color:#7545ab}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output #mp-lower .mp-h2{background-color:#7545ab;border-color:#afa3bf}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output #mp-bottom{border-color:#676767}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output #mp-bottom .mp-h2{background-color:#3d3d3d;border-color:#676767}}</style> <div id="mp-topbanner" class="mp-box"> <div id="mp-welcomecount"> <div id="mp-welcome"><div class="mw-heading mw-heading1"><h1 id="Welcome_to_Wikipedia">Welcome to <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia" title="Wikipedia">Wikipedia</a></h1></div>,</div> <div id="mp-free">the <a href="/wiki/Free_content" title="Free content">free</a> <a href="/wiki/Encyclopedia" title="Encyclopedia">encyclopedia</a> that <a href="/wiki/Help:Introduction_to_Wikipedia" title="Help:Introduction to Wikipedia">anyone can edit</a>.</div> <div id="articlecount"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Special:Statistics" title="Special:Statistics">125,256</a> active editors</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Special:Statistics" title="Special:Statistics">6,967,630</a> articles in <a href="/wiki/English_language" title="English language">English</a></li></ul></div> </div> </div> <div id="mp-upper"> <div id="mp-left" class="MainPageBG mp-box"> <h2 id="mp-tfa-h2" class="mp-h2">From today's featured article</h2> <div id="mp-tfa" class="mp-contains-float"><div id="mp-tfa-img" style="float: left; margin: 0.5em 0.9em 0.4em 0em;"> <div class="thumbinner mp-thumb" style="background: transparent; color: inherit; border: none; padding: 0; max-width: 119px;"> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Ireland_(MODIS).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Satellite image of Ireland"><img alt="Satellite image of Ireland" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/Ireland_%28MODIS%29.jpg/119px-Ireland_%28MODIS%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="119" height="164" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/Ireland_%28MODIS%29.jpg/179px-Ireland_%28MODIS%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/Ireland_%28MODIS%29.jpg/238px-Ireland_%28MODIS%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="2200" /></a></span><div class="thumbcaption" style="padding: 0.25em 0; word-wrap: break-word;">Satellite image of Ireland</div></div> </div> <p>The <b><a href="/wiki/Geography_of_Ireland" title="Geography of Ireland">geography of Ireland</a></b>, an island in <a href="/wiki/Northern_Europe" title="Northern Europe">Northern Europe</a>, features low central <a href="/wiki/Plain" title="Plain">plains</a> surrounded by coastal mountains. <a href="/wiki/Ireland" title="Ireland">Ireland</a>'s western <a href="/wiki/Coast" title="Coast">coastline</a> is rugged, with many islands, <a href="/wiki/Peninsula" title="Peninsula">peninsulas</a>, headlands and bays, while the southern and northern coasts feature a number of sea inlets, such as <a href="/wiki/Lough_Foyle" title="Lough Foyle">Lough Foyle</a> and <a href="/wiki/Cork_Harbour" title="Cork Harbour">Cork Harbour</a>; no part of the land is more than around 110 km (70 mi) from the sea. The second-largest of the <a href="/wiki/British_Isles" title="British Isles">British Isles</a>, Ireland lies in the north Atlantic Ocean, near the western edge of the European continental shelf. The island is almost bisected by the <a href="/wiki/River_Shannon" title="River Shannon">River Shannon</a>, which at 360.5 km (224 mi) with a 102.1 km (63 mi) <a href="/wiki/Estuary" title="Estuary">estuary</a> is its longest river. Politically, the island consists of the Republic of Ireland, with jurisdiction over about five-sixths of the island, and Northern Ireland, a <a href="/wiki/Countries_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="Countries of the United Kingdom">constituent part of the United Kingdom</a>, with jurisdiction over the remaining sixth. The island has a temperate oceanic climate, mild and humid, and warmer than other landmasses at the same latitude. (<b><a href="/wiki/Geography_of_Ireland" title="Geography of Ireland">Full article...</a></b>) </p> <div class="tfa-recent" style="text-align: right;"> Recently featured: <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li:last-child::after{content:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:first-child::before{content:" (";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:last-child::after{content:")";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol{counter-reset:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li{counter-increment:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li::before{content:" "counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li ol>li:first-child::before{content:" ("counter(listitem)"\a0 "}</style><div class="hlist inline"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Flight_Pattern" title="Flight Pattern">Flight Pattern</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Territorial_Force" title="Territorial Force">Territorial Force</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Five_pounds_(gold_coin)" title="Five pounds (gold coin)">Five pounds (gold coin)</a></li></ul> </div></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><div class="hlist tfa-footer noprint" style="text-align:right;"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Today%27s_featured_article/March_2025" title="Wikipedia:Today's featured article/March 2025">Archive</a></b></li> <li><b><a href="https://lists.wikimedia.org/postorius/lists/daily-article-l.lists.wikimedia.org/" class="extiw" title="mail:daily-article-l">By email</a></b></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Featured_articles" title="Wikipedia:Featured articles">More featured articles</a></b></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:About_Today%27s_featured_article" title="Wikipedia:About Today's featured article">About</a></b></li></ul> </div></div> <h2 id="mp-dyk-h2" class="mp-h2">Did you know ...</h2> <div id="mp-dyk" class="mp-contains-float"> <div class="dyk-img" style="float: right; margin-left: 0.5em;"> <div class="thumbinner mp-thumb" style="background: transparent; color: inherit; border: none; padding: 0; max-width: 111px;"> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Emperor_Jahangir_Triumphing_Over_Poverty_LACMA_M.75.4.28_(2_of_2).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Emperor Jahangir Triumphing over Poverty"><img alt="Emperor Jahangir Triumphing over Poverty" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Emperor_Jahangir_Triumphing_Over_Poverty_LACMA_M.75.4.28_%282_of_2%29.jpg/111px-Emperor_Jahangir_Triumphing_Over_Poverty_LACMA_M.75.4.28_%282_of_2%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="111" height="177" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Emperor_Jahangir_Triumphing_Over_Poverty_LACMA_M.75.4.28_%282_of_2%29.jpg/167px-Emperor_Jahangir_Triumphing_Over_Poverty_LACMA_M.75.4.28_%282_of_2%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Emperor_Jahangir_Triumphing_Over_Poverty_LACMA_M.75.4.28_%282_of_2%29.jpg/222px-Emperor_Jahangir_Triumphing_Over_Poverty_LACMA_M.75.4.28_%282_of_2%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1315" data-file-height="2100" /></a></span><div class="thumbcaption" style="padding: 0.25em 0; word-wrap: break-word;"><i>Emperor Jahangir Triumphing over Poverty</i></div></div> </div> <ul><li>... that <b><a href="/wiki/Emperor_Jahangir_Triumphing_over_Poverty" title="Emperor Jahangir Triumphing over Poverty">a 17th-century painting</a></b> <i>(pictured)</i> depicts an Indian emperor shooting arrows at a personification of poverty?</li> <li>... that people in the 1980s expressed interest in buying Chicago's <b><a href="/wiki/James_Charnley_House" title="James Charnley House">James Charnley House</a></b> only because they wanted to see the interior?</li> <li>... that most <b><a href="/wiki/Sports_fandom" title="Sports fandom">sports fans</a></b> are male, and class distinctions also influence which sports people follow?</li> <li>... that a diamond named after <b><a href="/wiki/Sienna_Spiro" title="Sienna Spiro">Sienna Spiro</a></b> sold for $3.4 million in June 2021?</li> <li>... that <b><a href="/wiki/David_D._Demarest" title="David D. Demarest">David D. Demarest</a></b> was the first professor of pastoral theology and sacred rhetoric at the <a href="/wiki/New_Brunswick_Theological_Seminary" title="New Brunswick Theological Seminary">New Brunswick Theological Seminary</a>?</li> <li>... that <b><a href="/wiki/Nachi_Gordon" title="Nachi Gordon">Nachi Gordon</a></b> was one of the youngest agents to sign an NBA player?</li> <li>... that <a href="/wiki/Jim_Photoglo" title="Jim Photoglo">Jim Photoglo</a> wrote the <b><a href="/wiki/Nitty_Gritty_Dirt_Band" title="Nitty Gritty Dirt Band">Nitty Gritty Dirt Band</a></b><span class="nowrap">'s</span> "<a href="/wiki/Fishin%27_in_the_Dark" title="Fishin' in the Dark">Fishin' in the Dark</a>" and joined the band – almost 30 years later?</li> <li>... that scholar <b><a href="/wiki/Axinte_Frunz%C4%83" title="Axinte Frunză">Axinte Frunză</a></b> wanted Romania to join the <a href="/wiki/Central_Powers" title="Central Powers">Central Powers</a> in 1916, espousing "a vision that was profoundly anti-statist (with hints of anarchism), populist, and virulently anti-Russian"?</li> <li>... that an effort to <b><a href="/wiki/Prohibited_political_parties_in_Germany" title="Prohibited political parties in Germany">ban one German political party</a></b> revealed that it was so heavily infiltrated that the German government partially controlled it?</li></ul> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><div class="hlist dyk-footer noprint" style="margin-top: 0.5em; text-align: right;"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Recent_additions" title="Wikipedia:Recent additions">Archive</a></b></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Help:Your_first_article" title="Help:Your first article">Start a new article</a></b></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Did_you_know" title="Template talk:Did you know">Nominate an article</a></b></li></ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="mp-right" class="MainPageBG mp-box"> <h2 id="mp-itn-h2" class="mp-h2">In the news</h2> <div id="mp-itn" class="mp-contains-float"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1053378754">.mw-parser-output .itn-img{float:right;margin-left:0.5em;margin-top:0.2em}</style><div role="figure" class="itn-img"> <div class="thumbinner mp-thumb" style="background: transparent; color: inherit; border: none; padding: 0; max-width: 164px;"> <span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Remains_of_night_club_in_Kochani_after_the_fire_VOA.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Nightclub fire damage"><img alt="Nightclub fire damage" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/57/Remains_of_night_club_in_Kochani_after_the_fire_VOA.jpg/162px-Remains_of_night_club_in_Kochani_after_the_fire_VOA.jpg" decoding="async" width="162" height="122" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/57/Remains_of_night_club_in_Kochani_after_the_fire_VOA.jpg/243px-Remains_of_night_club_in_Kochani_after_the_fire_VOA.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/57/Remains_of_night_club_in_Kochani_after_the_fire_VOA.jpg/324px-Remains_of_night_club_in_Kochani_after_the_fire_VOA.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1597" data-file-height="1198" /></a></span><div class="thumbcaption" style="padding: 0.25em 0; word-wrap: break-word; text-align: left;">Nightclub fire damage</div></div> </div> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Ko%C4%8Dani_nightclub_fire" title="Kočani nightclub fire">A nightclub fire</a></b> <i>(damage pictured)</i> in <a href="/wiki/Ko%C4%8Dani" title="Kočani">Kočani</a>, North Macedonia, kills at least 59 people and injures more than 155 others.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mark_Carney" title="Mark Carney">Mark Carney</a> succeeds <a href="/wiki/Justin_Trudeau" title="Justin Trudeau">Justin Trudeau</a> as <a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Canada" title="Prime Minister of Canada">Prime Minister of Canada</a> after winning <b><a href="/wiki/2025_Liberal_Party_of_Canada_leadership_election" title="2025 Liberal Party of Canada leadership election">the Liberal Party leadership election</a></b>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martin_Pfister" title="Martin Pfister">Martin Pfister</a> <b><a href="/wiki/2025_Swiss_Federal_Council_election" title="2025 Swiss Federal Council election">is elected</a></b> to the <a href="/wiki/Federal_Council_(Switzerland)" title="Federal Council (Switzerland)">Swiss Federal Council</a>.</li> <li>In Pakistan, <b><a href="/wiki/2025_Jaffar_Express_hijacking" title="2025 Jaffar Express hijacking">a train hijacking</a></b> by the <a href="/wiki/Balochistan_Liberation_Army" title="Balochistan Liberation Army">Balochistan Liberation Army</a> leaves at least 71 people dead.</li></ul> <div class="itn-footer" style="margin-top: 0.5em;"> <div><b><a href="/wiki/Portal:Current_events" title="Portal:Current events">Ongoing</a></b>: <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><div class="hlist inline"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/M23_campaign_(2022%E2%80%93present)" title="M23 campaign (2022–present)">M23 campaign</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine" title="Russian invasion of Ukraine">Russian invasion of Ukraine</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine_(1_January_2025_%E2%80%93_present)" title="Timeline of the Russian invasion of Ukraine (1 January 2025 – present)">timeline</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sudanese_civil_war_(2023%E2%80%93present)" title="Sudanese civil war (2023–present)">Sudanese civil war</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_Sudanese_civil_war_(2025)" title="Timeline of the Sudanese civil war (2025)">timeline</a></li></ul></li></ul></div></div> <div><b><a href="/wiki/Deaths_in_2025" title="Deaths in 2025">Recent deaths</a></b>: <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><div class="hlist inline"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Simon_Fisher-Becker" title="Simon Fisher-Becker">Simon Fisher-Becker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sofia_Gubaidulina" title="Sofia Gubaidulina">Sofia Gubaidulina</a></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Stanley_R._Jaffe" title="Stanley R. Jaffe">Stanley R. Jaffe</a></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Junior_Bridgeman" title="Junior Bridgeman">Junior Bridgeman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marc_Neil-Jones" title="Marc Neil-Jones">Marc Neil-Jones</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Athol_Fugard" title="Athol Fugard">Athol Fugard</a></li></ul></div></div></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><div class="hlist itn-footer noprint" style="text-align:right;"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:In_the_news/Candidates" title="Wikipedia:In the news/Candidates">Nominate an article</a></b></li></ul> </div></div> <h2 id="mp-otd-h2" class="mp-h2">On this day</h2> <div id="mp-otd" class="mp-contains-float"> <p><b><a href="/wiki/March_17" title="March 17">March 17</a></b>: <b><a href="/wiki/Saint_Patrick%27s_Day" title="Saint Patrick's Day">Saint Patrick's Day</a></b> (<a href="/wiki/Christianity" title="Christianity">Christianity</a>); <b><a href="/wiki/Anniversary_of_the_Unification_of_Italy" title="Anniversary of the Unification of Italy">Anniversary of the Unification of Italy</a></b> (<a href="/wiki/1861" title="1861">1861</a>) </p> <div style="float:right;margin-left:0.5em;" id="mp-otd-img"> <div class="thumbinner mp-thumb" style="background: transparent; color: inherit; border: none; padding: 0; max-width: 121px;"> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Dorchester_Heights_Monument_-_DSC00770.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="Dorchester Heights Monument"><img alt="Dorchester Heights Monument" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Dorchester_Heights_Monument_-_DSC00770.JPG/121px-Dorchester_Heights_Monument_-_DSC00770.JPG" decoding="async" width="121" height="161" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Dorchester_Heights_Monument_-_DSC00770.JPG/182px-Dorchester_Heights_Monument_-_DSC00770.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Dorchester_Heights_Monument_-_DSC00770.JPG/242px-Dorchester_Heights_Monument_-_DSC00770.JPG 2x" data-file-width="3240" data-file-height="4320" /></a></span><div class="thumbcaption" style="padding: 0.25em 0; word-wrap: break-word;">Dorchester Heights Monument</div></div> </div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1864" title="1864">1864</a> – <a href="/wiki/Second_Schleswig_War" title="Second Schleswig War">Second Schleswig War</a>: In an attempt to end a Danish blockade, <b><a href="/wiki/Eduard_von_Jachmann" title="Eduard von Jachmann">Eduard von Jachmann</a></b> led a Prussian squadron in an <b><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Jasmund_(1864)" title="Battle of Jasmund (1864)">attack against a Danish fleet</a></b> led by <b><a href="/wiki/Carl_van_Dockum" title="Carl van Dockum">Edvard van Dockum</a></b>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1902" title="1902">1902</a> – The <b><a href="/wiki/Dorchester_Heights_Monument" title="Dorchester Heights Monument">Dorchester Heights Monument</a></b> <i>(pictured)</i>, memorializing the <a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Boston" title="Siege of Boston">siege of Boston</a> during the <a href="/wiki/American_Revolutionary_War" title="American Revolutionary War">American Revolutionary War</a>, was dedicated.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1957" title="1957">1957</a> – <b><a href="/wiki/1957_Cebu_Douglas_C-47_crash" title="1957 Cebu Douglas C-47 crash">A plane crash</a></b> on the slopes of <a href="/wiki/Mount_Manunggal" title="Mount Manunggal">Mount Manunggal</a> killed Philippine president <a href="/wiki/Ramon_Magsaysay" title="Ramon Magsaysay">Ramon Magsaysay</a> and 24 others.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1979" title="1979">1979</a> – The <b><a href="/wiki/Penmanshiel_Tunnel" title="Penmanshiel Tunnel">Penmanshiel Tunnel</a></b> in the <a href="/wiki/Scottish_Borders" title="Scottish Borders">Scottish Borders</a> collapsed during refurbishing construction, killing two workers, and leading to the abandonment of the tunnel.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/2004" title="2004">2004</a> – <b><a href="/wiki/2004_unrest_in_Kosovo" title="2004 unrest in Kosovo">Unrest in Kosovo</a></b> broke out, resulting in the deaths of 28, the wounding of more than 600 others, and the destruction of several <a href="/wiki/Serbian_Orthodox_Church" title="Serbian Orthodox Church">Serb Orthodox</a> churches and shrines.</li></ul> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><div class="hlist" style="margin-top: 0.5em;"><ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Jocelin_of_Glasgow" title="Jocelin of Glasgow">Jocelin of Glasgow</a></b> (<abbr title="died">d.</abbr> 1199)</li><li><b><a href="/wiki/Menno_van_Coehoorn" title="Menno van Coehoorn">Menno van Coehoorn</a></b> (<abbr title="died">d.</abbr> 1704)</li><li><b><a href="/wiki/Pattie_Boyd" title="Pattie Boyd">Pattie Boyd</a></b> (<abbr title="born">b.</abbr> 1944)</li><li><b><a href="/wiki/Shu_Xiuwen" title="Shu Xiuwen">Shu Xiuwen</a></b> (<abbr title="died">d.</abbr> 1969)</li></ul></div> <div style="margin-top:0.5em;"> More anniversaries: <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><div class="hlist inline nowraplinks"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/March_16" title="March 16">March 16</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/March_17" title="March 17">March 17</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/March_18" title="March 18">March 18</a></li></ul> </div></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><div class="hlist otd-footer noprint" style="text-align:right;"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Selected_anniversaries/March" title="Wikipedia:Selected anniversaries/March">Archive</a></b></li> <li><b><a href="https://lists.wikimedia.org/postorius/lists/daily-article-l.lists.wikimedia.org/" class="extiw" title="mail:daily-article-l">By email</a></b></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_days_of_the_year" title="List of days of the year">List of days of the year</a></b></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Selected_anniversaries" title="Wikipedia:Selected anniversaries">About</a></b></li></ul> </div></div> </div> </div> <div id="mp-middle" class="MainPageBG mp-box"> <h2 id="mp-tfl-h2" class="mp-h2">From today's featured list</h2> <div id="mp-tfl" class="mp-contains-float"><div id="mp-tfl-img" style="float:right;margin:0.5em 0 0.4em 0.9em;"><div class="thumbinner mp-thumb" style="background: transparent; color: inherit; border: none; padding: 0; max-width: 171px;"> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Hobart-Tasmania-Australia16.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="Aerial view of Hobart, Tasmania"><img alt="Aerial view of Hobart, Tasmania" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/Hobart-Tasmania-Australia16.JPG/171px-Hobart-Tasmania-Australia16.JPG" decoding="async" width="171" height="114" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/Hobart-Tasmania-Australia16.JPG/257px-Hobart-Tasmania-Australia16.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/Hobart-Tasmania-Australia16.JPG/342px-Hobart-Tasmania-Australia16.JPG 2x" data-file-width="3789" data-file-height="2526" /></a></span><div class="thumbcaption" style="padding: 0.25em 0; word-wrap: break-word;">Aerial view of Hobart, Tasmania</div></div> </div> <p><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_places_in_Tasmania_by_population" title="List of places in Tasmania by population">Tasmania has a population of 557,571</a></b> as of the <a href="/wiki/2021_Australian_census" title="2021 Australian census">2021 Australian census</a>, and an area of 68,401 square kilometres (26,410 sq mi). It is the smallest <a href="/wiki/States_and_territories_of_Australia" title="States and territories of Australia">Australian state</a>. Official population statistics are published by the <a href="/wiki/Australian_Bureau_of_Statistics" title="Australian Bureau of Statistics">Australian Bureau of Statistics</a> (ABS), which conducts a <a href="/wiki/Census" title="Census">census</a> every five years; 2021 is the most recent census year. The ABS publishes data for various types of geographic structures, including significant urban areas, which represent towns and cities with a population of 10,000 or higher, urban centres and localities, which represent the built-up area of cities and towns with more than 200 people, and local government areas. <a href="/wiki/Hobart" title="Hobart">Hobart</a> <i>(pictured)</i>, the <a href="/wiki/List_of_Australian_capital_cities" title="List of Australian capital cities">capital of Tasmania</a>, is the state's largest urban area, with a population of 226,653 as of the 2021 census. (<b><a href="/wiki/List_of_places_in_Tasmania_by_population" title="List of places in Tasmania by population">Full list...</a></b>) </p> <div class="tfl-recent" style="text-align: right;"> Recently featured: <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><div class="hlist inline"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Johnson_solids" title="List of Johnson solids">Johnson solids</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_protected_cruisers_of_France" title="List of protected cruisers of France">Protected cruisers of France</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Olympic_women%27s_ice_hockey_players_for_the_United_States" title="List of Olympic women's ice hockey players for the United States">Olympic women's ice hockey players for the United States</a></li></ul> </div></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><div class="hlist tfl-footer noprint" style="text-align:right;"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Today%27s_featured_list/March_2025" title="Wikipedia:Today's featured list/March 2025">Archive</a></b></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Featured_lists" title="Wikipedia:Featured lists">More featured lists</a></b></li></ul> </div></div> </div> <div id="mp-lower" class="MainPageBG mp-box"> <h2 id="mp-tfp-h2" class="mp-h2">Today's featured picture</h2> <div id="mp-tfp"> <table role="presentation" style="margin:0 3px 3px; width:100%; box-sizing:border-box; text-align:center; border-collapse:collapse; padding:0.9em"> <tbody><tr> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:The_Strike_in_the_Coal_Mines_-_Meeting_of_Molly_M%27Guire_Men.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Molly Maguires"><img alt="Molly Maguires" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/The_Strike_in_the_Coal_Mines_-_Meeting_of_Molly_M%27Guire_Men.jpg/960px-The_Strike_in_the_Coal_Mines_-_Meeting_of_Molly_M%27Guire_Men.jpg" decoding="async" width="550" height="387" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/The_Strike_in_the_Coal_Mines_-_Meeting_of_Molly_M%27Guire_Men.jpg/1100px-The_Strike_in_the_Coal_Mines_-_Meeting_of_Molly_M%27Guire_Men.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2303" data-file-height="1621" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="padding:0 0.9em; text-align:left;"> <p>The <b><a href="/wiki/Molly_Maguires" title="Molly Maguires">Molly Maguires</a></b>, or the Mollies, were members of a 19th-century Irish <a href="/wiki/Secret_society" title="Secret society">secret society</a> active in Ireland and internationally. The movement originated in Ireland as part of agrarian rebellion movements relating to land usage and <a href="/wiki/Enclosure" title="Enclosure">enclosure</a>. The Mollies were first reported in the British and Irish press in the mid-19th century, noting that they had been formed in <a href="/wiki/Ballinamuck" title="Ballinamuck">Ballinamuck</a> following <a href="/wiki/Robert_King,_1st_Viscount_Lorton" title="Robert King, 1st Viscount Lorton">Lord Lorton</a>'s ejection of tenants there. The movement spread internationally to areas with significant Irish immigrant populations, including <a href="/wiki/Liverpool" title="Liverpool">Liverpool</a> and the United States. Their activism in favour of coal miners in <a href="/wiki/Pennsylvania" title="Pennsylvania">Pennsylvania</a> was particularly noteworthy. After a series of often violent conflicts, twenty suspected Mollies were convicted of murder and other crimes and were executed by hanging in 1877 and 1878. This history remains part of local Pennsylvania lore and the actual facts are much debated among historians. This 1874 illustration from <i><a href="/wiki/Harper%27s_Weekly" title="Harper's Weekly">Harper's Weekly</a></i>, drawn by <a href="/wiki/Paul_Frenzeny" title="Paul Frenzeny">Paul Frenzeny</a> and <a href="/wiki/Jules_Tavernier_(painter)" title="Jules Tavernier (painter)">Jules Tavernier</a>, depicts a group of Mollies meeting to discuss strikes in the Pennsylvania coal mines. </p> <p style="text-align:center;"><small>Illustration credit: <a href="/wiki/Paul_Frenzeny" title="Paul Frenzeny">Paul Frenzeny</a> and <a href="/wiki/Jules_Tavernier_(painter)" title="Jules Tavernier (painter)">Jules Tavernier</a>; restored by <a href="/wiki/User:Adam_Cuerden" title="User:Adam Cuerden">Adam Cuerden</a></small></p> <div class="potd-recent" style="text-align:right;"> Recently featured: <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><div class="hlist inline"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Template:POTD/2025-03-16" title="Template:POTD/2025-03-16">Phaistos Disc</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:POTD/2025-03-15" title="Template:POTD/2025-03-15"><i>Xysticus cristatus</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:POTD/2025-03-14" title="Template:POTD/2025-03-14">Amélie of Leuchtenberg</a></li></ul> </div></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><div class="hlist potd-footer noprint" style="text-align:right;"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Picture_of_the_day/Archive" title="Wikipedia:Picture of the day/Archive">Archive</a></b></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Featured_pictures" title="Wikipedia:Featured pictures">More featured pictures</a></b></li></ul> </div> </td></tr></tbody></table></div> </div> <div id="mp-bottom" class="mp-box"> <h2 id="mp-other" class="mp-h2">Other areas of Wikipedia</h2> <div id="mp-other-content"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Community_portal" title="Wikipedia:Community portal">Community portal</a></b> – The central hub for editors, with resources, links, tasks, and announcements.</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Village_pump" title="Wikipedia:Village pump">Village pump</a></b> – Forum for discussions about Wikipedia itself, including policies and technical issues.</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:News" title="Wikipedia:News">Site news</a></b> – Sources of news about Wikipedia and the broader Wikimedia movement.</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Teahouse" title="Wikipedia:Teahouse">Teahouse</a></b> – Ask basic questions about using or editing Wikipedia.</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Help_desk" title="Wikipedia:Help desk">Help desk</a></b> – Ask questions about using or editing Wikipedia.</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Reference_desk" title="Wikipedia:Reference desk">Reference desk</a></b> – Ask research questions about encyclopedic topics.</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Contents/Portals" title="Wikipedia:Contents/Portals">Content portals</a></b> – A unique way to navigate the encyclopedia.</li></ul> </div> <h2 id="mp-sister" class="mp-h2">Wikipedia's sister projects</h2> <div id="mp-sister-content"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239335380">.mw-parser-output #sister-projects-list{display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap}.mw-parser-output #sister-projects-list li{display:inline-block}.mw-parser-output #sister-projects-list li span{font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output #sister-projects-list li>div{display:inline-block;vertical-align:middle;padding:6px 4px}.mw-parser-output #sister-projects-list li>div:first-child{text-align:center}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .sister-projects-wikt-icon-dark,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sister-projects-wikt-icon-light{display:none}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sister-projects-wikt-icon-dark{display:inline}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sister-projects-wikt-icon-dark{display:inline}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sister-projects-wikt-icon-light{display:none}}@media(min-width:360px){.mw-parser-output #sister-projects-list li{width:33%;min-width:20em;white-space:nowrap;flex:1 0 25%}.mw-parser-output #sister-projects-list li>div:first-child{min-width:50px}}</style> <p>Wikipedia is written by volunteer editors and hosted by the <a href="/wiki/Wikimedia_Foundation" title="Wikimedia Foundation">Wikimedia Foundation</a>, a non-profit organization that also hosts a range of other volunteer <a href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/our-work/wikimedia-projects/" class="extiw" title="foundationsite:our-work/wikimedia-projects/">projects</a>: </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"> <ul id="sister-projects-list"> <li> <div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/" title="Commons"><img alt="Commons logo" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/40px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="31" height="42" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/60px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/120px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a></span></div> <div><span><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/" class="extiw" title="c:">Commons</a></span><br />Free media repository</div> </li> <li> <div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/" title="MediaWiki"><img alt="MediaWiki logo" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/MediaWiki-2020-icon.svg/35px-MediaWiki-2020-icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="35" height="35" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/MediaWiki-2020-icon.svg/53px-MediaWiki-2020-icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/MediaWiki-2020-icon.svg/70px-MediaWiki-2020-icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="100" data-file-height="100" /></a></span></div> <div><span><a href="https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/" class="extiw" title="mw:">MediaWiki</a></span><br />Wiki software development</div> </li> <li> <div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/" title="Meta-Wiki"><img alt="Meta-Wiki logo" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/75/Wikimedia_Community_Logo.svg/35px-Wikimedia_Community_Logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="35" height="35" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/75/Wikimedia_Community_Logo.svg/53px-Wikimedia_Community_Logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/75/Wikimedia_Community_Logo.svg/70px-Wikimedia_Community_Logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="900" /></a></span></div> <div><span><a href="https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/" class="extiw" title="m:">Meta-Wiki</a></span><br />Wikimedia project coordination</div> </li> <li> <div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/" title="Wikibooks"><img alt="Wikibooks logo" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikibooks-logo.svg/35px-Wikibooks-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="35" height="35" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikibooks-logo.svg/53px-Wikibooks-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikibooks-logo.svg/70px-Wikibooks-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></a></span></div> <div><span><a href="https://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/" class="extiw" title="b:">Wikibooks</a></span><br />Free textbooks and manuals</div> </li> <li> <div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/" title="Wikidata"><img alt="Wikidata logo" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Wikidata-logo.svg/47px-Wikidata-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="47" height="26" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Wikidata-logo.svg/71px-Wikidata-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Wikidata-logo.svg/94px-Wikidata-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1050" data-file-height="590" /></a></span></div> <div><span><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/" class="extiw" title="d:">Wikidata</a></span><br />Free knowledge base</div> </li> <li> <div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://en.wikinews.org/wiki/" title="Wikinews"><img alt="Wikinews logo" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Wikinews-logo.svg/51px-Wikinews-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="51" height="28" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Wikinews-logo.svg/77px-Wikinews-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Wikinews-logo.svg/102px-Wikinews-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="759" data-file-height="415" /></a></span></div> <div><span><a href="https://en.wikinews.org/wiki/" class="extiw" title="n:">Wikinews</a></span><br />Free-content news</div> </li> <li> <div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/" title="Wikiquote"><img alt="Wikiquote logo" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/35px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="35" height="41" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/53px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/70px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="355" /></a></span></div> <div><span><a href="https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/" class="extiw" title="q:">Wikiquote</a></span><br />Collection of quotations</div> </li> <li> <div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/" title="Wikisource"><img alt="Wikisource logo" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/35px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="35" height="37" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/53px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/70px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="410" data-file-height="430" /></a></span></div> <div><span><a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/" class="extiw" title="s:">Wikisource</a></span><br />Free-content library</div> </li> <li> <div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://species.wikimedia.org/wiki/" title="Wikispecies"><img alt="Wikispecies logo" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Wikispecies-logo.svg/40px-Wikispecies-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="35" height="41" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Wikispecies-logo.svg/60px-Wikispecies-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Wikispecies-logo.svg/120px-Wikispecies-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="941" data-file-height="1103" /></a></span></div> <div><span><a href="https://species.wikimedia.org/wiki/" class="extiw" title="species:">Wikispecies</a></span><br />Directory of species</div> </li> <li> <div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://en.wikiversity.org/wiki/" title="Wikiversity"><img alt="Wikiversity logo" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Wikiversity_logo_2017.svg/41px-Wikiversity_logo_2017.svg.png" decoding="async" width="41" height="34" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Wikiversity_logo_2017.svg/62px-Wikiversity_logo_2017.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Wikiversity_logo_2017.svg/82px-Wikiversity_logo_2017.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="626" data-file-height="512" /></a></span></div> <div><span><a href="https://en.wikiversity.org/wiki/" class="extiw" title="v:">Wikiversity</a></span><br />Free learning tools</div> </li> <li> <div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://en.wikivoyage.org/wiki/" title="Wikivoyage"><img alt="Wikivoyage logo" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/35px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="35" height="35" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/53px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/70px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="193" data-file-height="193" /></a></span></div> <div><span><a href="https://en.wikivoyage.org/wiki/" class="extiw" title="voy:">Wikivoyage</a></span><br />Free travel guide</div> </li> <li> <div><span class="sister-projects-wikt-icon-light"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/" title="Wiktionary"><img alt="Wiktionary logo" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/06/Wiktionary-logo-v2.svg/40px-Wiktionary-logo-v2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="35" height="35" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/06/Wiktionary-logo-v2.svg/60px-Wiktionary-logo-v2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/06/Wiktionary-logo-v2.svg/120px-Wiktionary-logo-v2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="391" data-file-height="391" /></a></span></span><span class="sister-projects-wikt-icon-dark"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/" title="Wiktionary"><img alt="Wiktionary logo" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Wiktionary-logo.svg/41px-Wiktionary-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="41" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Wiktionary-logo.svg/62px-Wiktionary-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Wiktionary-logo.svg/82px-Wiktionary-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="370" data-file-height="350" /></a></span></span></div> <div><span><a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/" class="extiw" title="wikt:">Wiktionary</a></span><br />Dictionary and thesaurus</div> </li> </ul> </div></div> <h2 id="mp-lang" class="mp-h2">Wikipedia languages</h2> <div><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r997272951">.mw-parser-output .wikipedia-languages-complete{font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .wikipedia-languages ul{margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .wikipedia-languages ul a{white-space:nowrap}.mw-parser-output .wikipedia-languages>ul{list-style:none;text-align:center;clear:both}.mw-parser-output .wikipedia-languages-count-container{width:90%;display:flex;justify-content:center;padding-top:1em;margin:0 auto}.mw-parser-output .wikipedia-languages-prettybars{width:100%;height:1px;margin:0.5em 0;background-color:#c8ccd1;flex-shrink:1;align-self:center}.mw-parser-output .wikipedia-languages-count{padding:0 1em;white-space:nowrap}</style> <div class="wikipedia-languages nourlexpansion"> <p>This Wikipedia is written in <a href="/wiki/English_language" title="English language">English</a>. Many <a href="https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/List_of_Wikipedias" class="extiw" title="meta:List of Wikipedias">other Wikipedias are available</a>; some of the largest are listed below. </p> <ul class="plainlinks"> <li> <div class="wikipedia-languages-count-container"> <div class="wikipedia-languages-prettybars"></div> <div role="heading" aria-level="3" class="wikipedia-languages-count">1,000,000+ articles</div> <div class="wikipedia-languages-prettybars"></div> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><div class="hlist wikipedia-languages-langs inline"> <ul><li><a class="external text" href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/"><span class="autonym" title="Arabic (ar:)" lang="ar">العربية</span></a></li> <li><a class="external text" href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/"><span class="autonym" title="German (de:)" lang="de">Deutsch</span></a></li> <li><a class="external text" href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/"><span class="autonym" title="Spanish (es:)" lang="es">Español</span></a></li> <li><a class="external text" href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/"><span class="autonym" title="Persian (fa:)" lang="fa">فارسی</span></a>‎</li> <li><a class="external text" href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/"><span class="autonym" title="French (fr:)" lang="fr">Français</span></a></li> <li><a class="external text" href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/"><span class="autonym" title="Italian (it:)" lang="it">Italiano</span></a></li> <li><a class="external text" href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/"><span class="autonym" title="Dutch (nl:)" lang="nl">Nederlands</span></a></li> <li><a class="external text" href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/"><span class="autonym" title="Japanese (ja:)" lang="ja">日本語</span></a></li> <li><a class="external text" href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/"><span class="autonym" title="Polish (pl:)" lang="pl">Polski</span></a></li> <li><a class="external text" href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/"><span class="autonym" title="Portuguese (pt:)" lang="pt">Português</span></a></li> <li><a class="external text" href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/"><span class="autonym" title="Russian (ru:)" lang="ru">Русский</span></a></li> <li><a class="external text" href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/"><span class="autonym" title="Swedish (sv:)" lang="sv">Svenska</span></a></li> <li><a class="external text" href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/"><span class="autonym" title="Ukrainian (uk:)" lang="uk">Українська</span></a></li> <li><a class="external text" href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/"><span class="autonym" title="Vietnamese (vi:)" lang="vi">Tiếng Việt</span></a></li> <li><a class="external text" href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/"><span class="autonym" title="Chinese (zh:)" lang="zh">中文</span></a></li></ul> </div> </li> <li> <div class="wikipedia-languages-count-container"> <div class="wikipedia-languages-prettybars"></div> <div role="heading" aria-level="3" class="wikipedia-languages-count">250,000+ articles</div> <div class="wikipedia-languages-prettybars"></div> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><div class="hlist wikipedia-languages-langs inline"> <ul><li><a class="external text" href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/"><span class="autonym" title="Indonesian (id:)" lang="id">Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li> <li><a class="external text" href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/"><span class="autonym" title="Malay (ms:)" lang="ms">Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li> <li><a class="external text" href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/"><span class="autonym" title="Minnan (nan:)" lang="nan">Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li> <li><a class="external text" href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/"><span class="autonym" title="Bulgarian (bg:)" lang="bg">Български</span></a></li> <li><a class="external text" href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/"><span class="autonym" title="Catalan (ca:)" lang="ca">Català</span></a></li> <li><a class="external text" href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/"><span class="autonym" title="Czech (cs:)" lang="cs">Čeština</span></a></li> <li><a class="external text" href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/"><span class="autonym" title="Danish (da:)" lang="da">Dansk</span></a></li> <li><a class="external text" href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/"><span class="autonym" title="Esperanto (eo:)" lang="eo">Esperanto</span></a></li> <li><a class="external text" href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/"><span class="autonym" title="Basque (eu:)" lang="eu">Euskara</span></a></li> <li><a class="external text" href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/"><span class="autonym" title="Hebrew (he:)" lang="he">עברית</span></a></li> <li><a class="external text" href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/"><span class="autonym" title="Armenian (hy:)" lang="hy">Հայերեն</span></a></li> <li><a class="external text" href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/"><span class="autonym" title="Korean (ko:)" lang="ko">한국어</span></a></li> <li><a class="external text" href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/"><span class="autonym" title="Hungarian (hu:)" lang="hu">Magyar</span></a></li> <li><a class="external text" href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/"><span class="autonym" title="Norwegian (no:)" lang="no">Norsk bokmål</span></a></li> <li><a class="external text" href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/"><span class="autonym" title="Romanian (ro:)" lang="ro">Română</span></a></li> <li><a class="external text" href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/"><span class="autonym" title="Simple English (simple:)" lang="en">Simple English</span></a></li> <li><a class="external text" href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/"><span class="autonym" title="Slovak (sk:)" lang="sk">Slovenčina</span></a></li> <li><a class="external text" href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/"><span class="autonym" title="Serbian (sr:)" lang="sr">Srpski</span></a></li> <li><a class="external text" href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/"><span class="autonym" title="Serbo-Croatian (sh:)" lang="sh">Srpskohrvatski</span></a></li> <li><a class="external text" href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/"><span class="autonym" title="Finnish (fi:)" lang="fi">Suomi</span></a></li> <li><a class="external text" href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/"><span class="autonym" title="Turkish (tr:)" lang="tr">Türkçe</span></a></li> <li><a class="external text" href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/"><span class="autonym" title="Uzbek (uz:)" lang="uz">Oʻzbekcha</span></a></li></ul> </div> </li> <li> <div class="wikipedia-languages-count-container"> <div class="wikipedia-languages-prettybars"></div> <div role="heading" aria-level="3" class="wikipedia-languages-count">50,000+ articles</div> <div class="wikipedia-languages-prettybars"></div> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><div class="hlist wikipedia-languages-langs inline"> <ul><li><a class="external text" href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/"><span class="autonym" title="Asturian (ast:)" lang="ast">Asturianu</span></a></li> <li><a class="external text" href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/"><span class="autonym" title="Azerbaijani (az:)" lang="az">Azərbaycanca</span></a></li> <li><a class="external text" href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/"><span class="autonym" title="Bangla (bn:)" lang="bn">বাংলা</span></a></li> <li><a class="external text" href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/"><span class="autonym" title="Bosnian (bs:)" lang="bs">Bosanski</span></a></li> <li><a class="external text" href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/"><span class="autonym" title="Central Kurdish (ckb:)" lang="ckb">کوردی</span></a></li> <li><a class="external text" href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/"><span class="autonym" title="Estonian (et:)" lang="et">Eesti</span></a></li> <li><a class="external text" href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/"><span class="autonym" title="Greek (el:)" lang="el">Ελληνικά</span></a></li> <li><a class="external text" href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/"><span class="autonym" title="Western Frisian (fy:)" lang="fy">Frysk</span></a></li> <li><a class="external text" href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/"><span class="autonym" title="Irish (ga:)" lang="ga">Gaeilge</span></a></li> <li><a class="external text" href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/"><span class="autonym" title="Galician (gl:)" lang="gl">Galego</span></a></li> <li><a class="external text" href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/"><span class="autonym" title="Croatian (hr:)" lang="hr">Hrvatski</span></a></li> <li><a class="external text" href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/"><span class="autonym" title="Georgian (ka:)" lang="ka">ქართული</span></a></li> <li><a class="external text" href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/"><span class="autonym" title="Kurdish (ku:)" lang="ku">Kurdî</span></a></li> <li><a class="external text" href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/"><span class="autonym" title="Latvian (lv:)" lang="lv">Latviešu</span></a></li> <li><a class="external text" href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/"><span class="autonym" title="Lithuanian (lt:)" lang="lt">Lietuvių</span></a></li> <li><a class="external text" href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/"><span class="autonym" title="Malayalam (ml:)" lang="ml">മലയാളം</span></a></li> <li><a class="external text" href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/"><span class="autonym" title="Macedonian (mk:)" lang="mk">Македонски</span></a></li> <li><a class="external text" href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/"><span class="autonym" title="Burmese (my:)" lang="my">မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li> <li><a class="external text" href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/"><span class="autonym" title="Norwegian Nynorsk (nn:)" lang="nn">Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li> <li><a class="external text" href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/"><span class="autonym" title="Punjabi (pa:)" lang="pa">ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li> <li><a class="external text" href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/"><span class="autonym" title="Albanian (sq:)" lang="sq">Shqip</span></a></li> <li><a class="external text" href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/"><span class="autonym" title="Slovenian (sl:)" lang="sl">Slovenščina</span></a></li> <li><a class="external text" href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/"><span class="autonym" title="Thai (th:)" lang="th">ไทย</span></a></li> <li><a class="external text" href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/"><span class="autonym" title="Telugu (te:)" lang="te">తెలుగు</span></a></li> <li><a class="external text" href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/"><span class="autonym" title="Urdu (ur:)" lang="ur">اردو</span></a></li></ul> </div> </li> </ul> </div></div> </div> <!-- NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.codfw.main‐85d55f5b47‐6f7w9 Cached time: 20250317120435 Cache expiry: 3600 Reduced expiry: true Complications: [no‐toc] CPU time usage: 0.319 seconds Real time usage: 0.401 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 5754/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 142491/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 14196/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 18/100 Expensive parser function count: 15/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 0/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 46813/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.048/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 1651825/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 0/400 --> <!-- Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 272.056 1 -total 30.98% 84.270 1 Wikipedia:Main_Page/Tomorrow 26.40% 71.813 9 Template:Main_page_image 21.02% 57.185 1 Wikipedia:Today's_featured_article/March_17,_2025 20.25% 55.088 9 Template:Str_number/trim 13.81% 37.561 2 Template:Wikipedia_languages 13.73% 37.358 9 Template:If_empty 11.52% 31.331 1 Template:Did_you_know/Queue/6 11.44% 31.135 2 Template:Main_page_image/TFA 11.27% 30.650 2 Template:In_the_news --> <!-- Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:15580374:|#|:idhash:canonical and timestamp 20250317120435 and revision id 1276485694. Rendering was triggered because: page-view --> </div><!--esi <esi:include src="/esitest-fa8a495983347898/content" /> --><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?useformat=desktop&type=1x1&usesul3=0" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Main_Page&oldid=1276485694">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Main_Page&oldid=1276485694</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks catlinks-allhidden" data-mw="interface"></div> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 49 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-49" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">49 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/" title="Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/" title="Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/" title="Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/" title="Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/" title="Bosnian" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/" title="Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/" title="Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/" title="Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/" title="German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/" title="Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/" title="Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/" title="Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/" title="Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/" title="Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/" title="Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/" title="French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/" title="Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/" title="Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/" title="Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/" title="Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/" title="Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/" title="Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/" title="Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/" title="Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/" title="Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/" title="Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/" title="Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/" title="Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/" title="Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/" title="Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/" title="Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/" title="Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/" title="Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/" title="Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/" title="Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/" title="Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/" title="Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/" title="Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/" title="Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/" title="Central Kurdish" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Central Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/" title="Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/" title="Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/" title="Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/" title="Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/" title="Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/" title="Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/" title="Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/" title="Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/" title="Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> This page was last edited on 19 February 2025, at 03:32<span class="anonymous-show"> (UTC)</span>.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Text is available under the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Text_of_the_Creative_Commons_Attribution-ShareAlike_4.0_International_License" title="Wikipedia:Text of the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License">Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License</a>; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the <a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Terms_of_Use" class="extiw" title="foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Terms of Use">Terms of Use</a> and <a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy" class="extiw" title="foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy policy">Privacy Policy</a>. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/">Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.</a>, a non-profit organization.</li> </ul> <ul id="footer-places"> <li id="footer-places-privacy"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy">Privacy policy</a></li> <li id="footer-places-about"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:About">About Wikipedia</a></li> <li id="footer-places-disclaimers"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:General_disclaimer">Disclaimers</a></li> <li id="footer-places-contact"><a href="//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Contact_us">Contact Wikipedia</a></li> <li id="footer-places-wm-codeofconduct"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Universal_Code_of_Conduct">Code of Conduct</a></li> <li id="footer-places-developers"><a href="https://developer.wikimedia.org">Developers</a></li> <li id="footer-places-statslink"><a href="https://stats.wikimedia.org/#/en.wikipedia.org">Statistics</a></li> <li id="footer-places-cookiestatement"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Cookie_statement">Cookie statement</a></li> <li id="footer-places-mobileview"><a href="//en.m.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Main_Page&mobileaction=toggle_view_mobile" class="noprint stopMobileRedirectToggle">Mobile view</a></li> </ul> <ul id="footer-icons" class="noprint"> <li id="footer-copyrightico"><a href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><picture><source media="(min-width: 500px)" srcset="/static/images/footer/wikimedia-button.svg" width="84" height="29"><img src="/static/images/footer/wikimedia.svg" width="25" height="25" alt="Wikimedia Foundation" lang="en" loading="lazy"></picture></a></li> <li id="footer-poweredbyico"><a href="https://www.mediawiki.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><picture><source media="(min-width: 500px)" srcset="/w/resources/assets/poweredby_mediawiki.svg" width="88" height="31"><img src="/w/resources/assets/mediawiki_compact.svg" alt="Powered by MediaWiki" lang="en" width="25" height="25" loading="lazy"></picture></a></li> </ul> </footer> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-header-container vector-sticky-header-container"> <div id="vector-sticky-header" class="vector-sticky-header"> <div class="vector-sticky-header-start"> <div class="vector-sticky-header-icon-start vector-button-flush-left vector-button-flush-right" aria-hidden="true"> <button class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-sticky-header-search-toggle" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="ui.vector-sticky-search-form.icon"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-search mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-search"></span> <span>Search</span> </button> </div> <div role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box"> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="vector-sticky-search-form" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="Search Wikipedia"> <span class="cdx-text-input__icon cdx-text-input__start-icon"></span> </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Special:Search"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">Search</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-header-context-bar"> <div class="vector-sticky-header-context-bar-primary" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="mw-page-title-main">Main Page</span></div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-header-end" aria-hidden="true"> <div class="vector-sticky-header-icons"> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-talk-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="talk-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-speechBubbles mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-speechBubbles"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-subject-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="subject-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-article mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-article"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-history-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="history-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-history mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-history"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only mw-watchlink" id="ca-watchstar-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="watch-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-star mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-star"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-edit-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="wikitext-edit-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikiText mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-wikiText"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-ve-edit-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="ve-edit-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-edit mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-edit"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-viewsource-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="ve-edit-protected-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-editLock mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-editLock"></span> <span></span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-header-buttons"> <button class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet mw-interlanguage-selector" id="p-lang-btn-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-language"></span> <span>49 languages</span> </button> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive" id="ca-addsection-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="addsection-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-speechBubbleAdd-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-speechBubbleAdd-progressive"></span> <span>Add topic</span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-header-icon-end"> <div class="vector-user-links"> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="mw-portlet mw-portlet-dock-bottom emptyPortlet" id="p-dock-bottom"> <ul> </ul> </div> <script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.config.set({"wgHostname":"mw-web.codfw.main-85d55f5b47-dhlrn","wgBackendResponseTime":143,"wgPageParseReport":{"limitreport":{"cputime":"0.319","walltime":"0.401","ppvisitednodes":{"value":5754,"limit":1000000},"postexpandincludesize":{"value":142491,"limit":2097152},"templateargumentsize":{"value":14196,"limit":2097152},"expansiondepth":{"value":18,"limit":100},"expensivefunctioncount":{"value":15,"limit":500},"unstrip-depth":{"value":0,"limit":20},"unstrip-size":{"value":46813,"limit":5000000},"entityaccesscount":{"value":0,"limit":400},"timingprofile":["100.00% 272.056 1 -total"," 30.98% 84.270 1 Wikipedia:Main_Page/Tomorrow"," 26.40% 71.813 9 Template:Main_page_image"," 21.02% 57.185 1 Wikipedia:Today\u0026#039;s_featured_article/March_17,_2025"," 20.25% 55.088 9 Template:Str_number/trim"," 13.81% 37.561 2 Template:Wikipedia_languages"," 13.73% 37.358 9 Template:If_empty"," 11.52% 31.331 1 Template:Did_you_know/Queue/6"," 11.44% 31.135 2 Template:Main_page_image/TFA"," 11.27% 30.650 2 Template:In_the_news"]},"scribunto":{"limitreport-timeusage":{"value":"0.048","limit":"10.000"},"limitreport-memusage":{"value":1651825,"limit":52428800}},"cachereport":{"origin":"mw-web.codfw.main-85d55f5b47-6f7w9","timestamp":"20250317120435","ttl":3600,"transientcontent":true}}});});</script> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@type":"Article","name":"Main Page","url":"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Main_Page","sameAs":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q5296","mainEntity":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q5296","author":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Contributors to Wikimedia projects"},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https:\/\/www.wikimedia.org\/static\/images\/wmf-hor-googpub.png"}},"datePublished":"2002-01-26T15:28:12Z","dateModified":"2025-02-19T03:32:27Z","image":"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/5\/57\/Remains_of_night_club_in_Kochani_after_the_fire_VOA.jpg","headline":"Wikimedia project page"}</script> </body> </html>