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<li id="toc-19th_century" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#19th_century"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>19th century</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-19th_century-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-20th_century" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#20th_century"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>20th century</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-20th_century-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-21st_century" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#21st_century"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3</span> <span>21st century</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-21st_century-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Milestones" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Milestones"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.4</span> <span>Milestones</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Milestones-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Goals_and_purpose" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Goals_and_purpose"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Goals and purpose</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Goals_and_purpose-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Organizational_structure" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Organizational_structure"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Organizational structure</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Organizational_structure-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Funding" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Funding"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Funding</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Funding-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-General_Assembly" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#General_Assembly"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>General Assembly</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-General_Assembly-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Membership_and_adhesions" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Membership_and_adhesions"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Membership and adhesions</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Membership_and_adhesions-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Membership and adhesions subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Membership_and_adhesions-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Canada_and_the_OAS" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Canada_and_the_OAS"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.1</span> <span>Canada and the OAS</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Canada_and_the_OAS-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sanctions_against_the_Dominican_Republic_during_Trujillo_regime" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sanctions_against_the_Dominican_Republic_during_Trujillo_regime"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.2</span> <span>Sanctions against the Dominican Republic during Trujillo regime</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sanctions_against_the_Dominican_Republic_during_Trujillo_regime-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Status_of_Cuba" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Status_of_Cuba"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.3</span> <span>Status of Cuba</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Status_of_Cuba-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Suspension_of_Honduras_(2009–2011)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Suspension_of_Honduras_(2009–2011)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.4</span> <span>Suspension of Honduras (2009–2011)</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Suspension_of_Honduras_(2009–2011)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Status_of_Venezuela" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Status_of_Venezuela"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.5</span> <span>Status of Venezuela</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Status_of_Venezuela-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Status_of_Nicaragua" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Status_of_Nicaragua"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.6</span> <span>Status of Nicaragua</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Status_of_Nicaragua-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Permanent_observers" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Permanent_observers"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.7</span> <span>Permanent observers</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Permanent_observers-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Official_languages" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Official_languages"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Official languages</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Official_languages-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Specialized_agencies" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Specialized_agencies"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Specialized agencies</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Specialized_agencies-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>Notes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Further_reading" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Further_reading"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">12</span> <span>Further reading</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Further_reading-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">13</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Organization of American States</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 83 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-83" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">83 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Organisasie_van_Amerikaanse_Lande" title="Organisasie van Amerikaanse Lande – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Organisasie van Amerikaanse Lande" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D9%86%D8%B8%D9%85%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AF%D9%88%D9%84_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D9%85%D8%B1%D9%8A%D9%83%D9%8A%D8%A9" title="منظمة الدول الأمريكية – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="منظمة الدول الأمريكية" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Organizaci%C3%B3n_d%27os_Estaus_Americanos" title="Organización d'os Estaus Americanos – Aragonese" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Organización d'os Estaus Americanos" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="Aragonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Organizaci%C3%B3n_d%27Estaos_Americanos" title="Organización d'Estaos Americanos – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Organización d'Estaos Americanos" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gn mw-list-item"><a href="https://gn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Am%C3%A9rika_Tet%C3%A3ita_Atyvusu" title="Amérika Tetãita Atyvusu – Guarani" lang="gn" hreflang="gn" data-title="Amérika Tetãita Atyvusu" data-language-autonym="Avañe'ẽ" data-language-local-name="Guarani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Avañe'ẽ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amerika_D%C3%B6vl%C9%99tl%C9%99ri_T%C9%99%C5%9Fkilat%C4%B1" title="Amerika Dövlətləri Təşkilatı – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Amerika Dövlətləri Təşkilatı" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/B%C3%AD-chiu_Kok-ka_Cho%CD%98-chit" title="Bí-chiu Kok-ka Cho͘-chit – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Bí-chiu Kok-ka Cho͘-chit" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%B4%D3%99%D2%AF%D0%BB%D3%99%D1%82%D1%82%D3%99%D1%80%D0%B5_%D0%BE%D0%B9%D0%BE%D1%88%D0%BC%D0%B0%D2%BB%D1%8B" title="Америка дәүләттәре ойошмаһы – Bashkir" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Америка дәүләттәре ойошмаһы" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="Bashkir" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%80%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%96%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%86%D1%8B%D1%8F_%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%8B%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D1%96%D1%85_%D0%B4%D0%B7%D1%8F%D1%80%D0%B6%D0%B0%D1%9E" title="Арганізацыя амерыканскіх дзяржаў – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Арганізацыя амерыканскіх дзяржаў" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D1%80%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B5_%D0%B4%D1%8A%D1%80%D0%B6%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B8" title="Организация на американските държави – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Организация на американските държави" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Organizacija_ameri%C4%8Dkih_dr%C5%BEava" title="Organizacija američkih država – Bosnian" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Organizacija američkih država" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aozadur_ar_Stado%C3%B9_Amerikan" title="Aozadur ar Stadoù Amerikan – Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Aozadur ar Stadoù Amerikan" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Breton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Organitzaci%C3%B3_dels_Estats_Americans" title="Organització dels Estats Americans – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Organització dels Estats Americans" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Organizace_americk%C3%BDch_st%C3%A1t%C5%AF" title="Organizace amerických států – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Organizace amerických států" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Organisationen_af_Amerikanske_Stater" title="Organisationen af Amerikanske Stater – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Organisationen af Amerikanske Stater" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Organisation_Amerikanischer_Staaten" title="Organisation Amerikanischer Staaten – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Organisation Amerikanischer Staaten" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ameerika_Riikide_Organisatsioon" title="Ameerika Riikide Organisatsioon – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Ameerika Riikide Organisatsioon" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%9F%CF%81%CE%B3%CE%B1%CE%BD%CE%B9%CF%83%CE%BC%CF%8C%CF%82_%CE%91%CE%BC%CE%B5%CF%81%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%B1%CE%BD%CE%B9%CE%BA%CF%8E%CE%BD_%CE%9A%CF%81%CE%B1%CF%84%CF%8E%CE%BD" title="Οργανισμός Αμερικανικών Κρατών – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Οργανισμός Αμερικανικών Κρατών" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Organizaci%C3%B3n_de_los_Estados_Americanos" title="Organización de los Estados Americanos – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Organización de los Estados Americanos" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Organiza%C4%B5o_de_Amerikaj_%C5%9Ctatoj" title="Organizaĵo de Amerikaj Ŝtatoj – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Organizaĵo de Amerikaj Ŝtatoj" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amerikako_Estatuen_Erakundea" title="Amerikako Estatuen Erakundea – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Amerikako Estatuen Erakundea" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%B2%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%86_%DA%A9%D8%B4%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%87%D8%A7%DB%8C_%D8%A2%D9%85%D8%B1%DB%8C%DA%A9%D8%A7%DB%8C%DB%8C" title="سازمان کشورهای آمریکایی – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="سازمان کشورهای آمریکایی" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hif mw-list-item"><a href="https://hif.wikipedia.org/wiki/Organisation_of_American_States" title="Organisation of American States – Fiji Hindi" lang="hif" hreflang="hif" data-title="Organisation of American States" data-language-autonym="Fiji Hindi" data-language-local-name="Fiji Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Fiji Hindi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Organisation_des_%C3%89tats_am%C3%A9ricains" title="Organisation des États américains – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Organisation des États américains" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gv mw-list-item"><a href="https://gv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reagheydys_ny_Steatyn_Americaanagh" title="Reagheydys ny Steatyn Americaanagh – Manx" lang="gv" hreflang="gv" data-title="Reagheydys ny Steatyn Americaanagh" data-language-autonym="Gaelg" data-language-local-name="Manx" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaelg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Organizaci%C3%B3n_dos_Estados_Americanos" title="Organización dos Estados Americanos – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Organización dos Estados Americanos" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%95%84%EB%A9%94%EB%A6%AC%EC%B9%B4_%EA%B5%AD%EA%B0%80_%EA%B8%B0%EA%B5%AC" title="아메리카 국가 기구 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="아메리카 국가 기구" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B1%D5%B4%D5%A5%D6%80%D5%AB%D5%AF%D5%B5%D5%A1%D5%B6_%D5%BA%D5%A5%D5%BF%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%A9%D5%B5%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%B6%D5%B6%D5%A5%D6%80%D5%AB_%D5%AF%D5%A1%D5%A6%D5%B4%D5%A1%D5%AF%D5%A5%D6%80%D5%BA%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%A9%D5%B5%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%B6" title="Ամերիկյան պետությունների կազմակերպություն – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Ամերիկյան պետությունների կազմակերպություն" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Organizacija_ameri%C4%8Dkih_dr%C5%BEava" title="Organizacija američkih država – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Organizacija američkih država" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Organizuro_di_Amerikana_Stati" title="Organizuro di Amerikana Stati – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Organizuro di Amerikana Stati" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ig mw-list-item"><a href="https://ig.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nhazi_nke_Mba_America" title="Nhazi nke Mba America – Igbo" lang="ig" hreflang="ig" data-title="Nhazi nke Mba America" data-language-autonym="Igbo" data-language-local-name="Igbo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Igbo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Organisasi_Negara-Negara_Amerika" title="Organisasi Negara-Negara Amerika – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Organisasi Negara-Negara Amerika" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Organisation_del_Statos_American" title="Organisation del Statos American – Interlingua" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Organisation del Statos American" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="Interlingua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Samt%C3%B6k_Amer%C3%ADkur%C3%ADkja" title="Samtök Ameríkuríkja – Icelandic" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Samtök Ameríkuríkja" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Icelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Organizzazione_degli_Stati_Americani" title="Organizzazione degli Stati Americani – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Organizzazione degli Stati Americani" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%90%D7%A8%D7%92%D7%95%D7%9F_%D7%9E%D7%93%D7%99%D7%A0%D7%95%D7%AA_%D7%90%D7%9E%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%A7%D7%94" title="ארגון מדינות אמריקה – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="ארגון מדינות אמריקה" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%90%E1%83%9B%E1%83%94%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98%E1%83%99%E1%83%98%E1%83%A1_%E1%83%A1%E1%83%90%E1%83%AE%E1%83%94%E1%83%9A%E1%83%9B%E1%83%AC%E1%83%98%E1%83%A4%E1%83%9D%E1%83%97%E1%83%90_%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A0%E1%83%92%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%98%E1%83%96%E1%83%90%E1%83%AA%E1%83%98%E1%83%90" title="ამერიკის სახელმწიფოთა ორგანიზაცია – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ამერიკის სახელმწიფოთა ორგანიზაცია" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%96_%D2%B1%D0%B9%D1%8B%D0%BC%D1%8B" title="Америка мемлекеттері ұйымы – Kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Америка мемлекеттері ұйымы" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%92ganizasyon_Eta_Ameriken" title="Òganizasyon Eta Ameriken – Haitian Creole" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="Òganizasyon Eta Ameriken" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="Haitian Creole" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kreyòl ayisyen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BD_%D1%83%D1%8E%D0%BC%D1%83" title="Америка мамлекеттеринин уюму – Kyrgyz" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Америка мамлекеттеринин уюму" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="Kyrgyz" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ordo_civitatum_Americanarum" title="Ordo civitatum Americanarum – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Ordo civitatum Americanarum" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amerikas_valstu_organiz%C4%81cija" title="Amerikas valstu organizācija – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Amerikas valstu organizācija" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amerikos_Valstybi%C5%B3_organizacija" title="Amerikos Valstybių organizacija – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Amerikos Valstybių organizacija" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amerikai_%C3%81llamok_Szervezete" title="Amerikai Államok Szervezete – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Amerikai Államok Szervezete" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D1%80%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B5_%D0%B4%D1%80%D0%B6%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B8" title="Организација на американските држави – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Организација на американските држави" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pertubuhan_Negara-Negara_Amerika" title="Pertubuhan Negara-Negara Amerika – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Pertubuhan Negara-Negara Amerika" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mwl mw-list-item"><a href="https://mwl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ourganiza%C3%A7on_de_ls_Stados_Amaricanos" title="Ourganizaçon de ls Stados Amaricanos – Mirandese" lang="mwl" hreflang="mwl" data-title="Ourganizaçon de ls Stados Amaricanos" data-language-autonym="Mirandés" data-language-local-name="Mirandese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Mirandés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Organisatie_van_Amerikaanse_Staten" title="Organisatie van Amerikaanse Staten – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Organisatie van Amerikaanse Staten" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%B1%B3%E5%B7%9E%E6%A9%9F%E6%A7%8B" title="米州機構 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="米州機構" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/OAS" title="OAS – Northern Frisian" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="OAS" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="Northern Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Organisasjonen_av_amerikanske_stater" title="Organisasjonen av amerikanske stater – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Organisasjonen av amerikanske stater" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Organisasjonen_av_amerikanske_statar" title="Organisasjonen av amerikanske statar – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Organisasjonen av amerikanske statar" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Organizacion_deis_Estats_Americans" title="Organizacion deis Estats Americans – Occitan" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Organizacion deis Estats Americans" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Occitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amerika_Davlatlari_Tashkiloti" title="Amerika Davlatlari Tashkiloti – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Amerika Davlatlari Tashkiloti" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%85%E0%A8%AE%E0%A8%B0%E0%A9%80%E0%A8%95%E0%A9%80_%E0%A8%B0%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%9C%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%82_%E0%A8%A6%E0%A8%BE_%E0%A8%B8%E0%A9%B0%E0%A8%97%E0%A8%A0%E0%A8%A8" title="ਅਮਰੀਕੀ ਰਾਜਾਂ ਦਾ ਸੰਗਠਨ – Punjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਅਮਰੀਕੀ ਰਾਜਾਂ ਦਾ ਸੰਗਠਨ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%B1%DB%8C%DA%A9%DB%8C_%D8%B1%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%A7%DA%BA_%D8%AF%DB%8C_%D8%AA%D9%86%D8%B8%DB%8C%D9%85" title="امریکی ریاستاں دی تنظیم – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="امریکی ریاستاں دی تنظیم" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AF_%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%B1%DB%8C%DA%A9%D8%A7%DB%8C%D9%8A_%D9%87%DB%90%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%AF%D9%88%D9%86%D9%88_%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%B2%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%86" title="د امریکایي هېوادونو سازمان – Pashto" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="د امریکایي هېوادونو سازمان" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="Pashto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Organizacja_Pa%C5%84stw_Ameryka%C5%84skich" title="Organizacja Państw Amerykańskich – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Organizacja Państw Amerykańskich" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Organiza%C3%A7%C3%A3o_dos_Estados_Americanos" title="Organização dos Estados Americanos – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Organização dos Estados Americanos" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Organiza%C8%9Bia_Statelor_Americane" title="Organizația Statelor Americane – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Organizația Statelor Americane" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Awya_Yala_Mama_Llaqtakunap_Tantanakuynin" title="Awya Yala Mama Llaqtakunap Tantanakuynin – Quechua" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Awya Yala Mama Llaqtakunap Tantanakuynin" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="Quechua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D1%80%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D1%85_%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%83%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2" title="Организация американских государств – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Организация американских государств" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Organization_of_American_States" title="Organization of American States – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Organization of American States" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Organiz%C3%A1cia_americk%C3%BDch_%C5%A1t%C3%A1tov" title="Organizácia amerických štátov – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Organizácia amerických štátov" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Organizacija_ameri%C5%A1kih_dr%C5%BEav" title="Organizacija ameriških držav – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Organizacija ameriških držav" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D1%80%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0_%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%BA%D0%B8%D1%85_%D0%B4%D1%80%D0%B6%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B0" title="Организација америчких држава – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Организација америчких држава" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Organizacija_ameri%C4%8Dkih_dr%C5%BEava" title="Organizacija američkih država – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Organizacija američkih država" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amerikan_valtioiden_j%C3%A4rjest%C3%B6" title="Amerikan valtioiden järjestö – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Amerikan valtioiden järjestö" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Organization_of_American_States" title="Organization of American States – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Organization of American States" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Organisasyon_ng_mga_Estadong_Amerikano" title="Organisasyon ng mga Estadong Amerikano – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Organisasyon ng mga Estadong Amerikano" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%85%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%86%E0%AE%B0%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%95_%E0%AE%A8%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%9F%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%B3%E0%AF%8D_%E0%AE%85%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%88%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%81" title="அமெரிக்க நாடுகள் அமைப்பு – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="அமெரிக்க நாடுகள் அமைப்பு" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%84%E0%B9%8C%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%90%E0%B8%AD%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B2" title="องค์การนานารัฐอเมริกา – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="องค์การนานารัฐอเมริกา" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amerikan_Devletleri_%C3%96rg%C3%BCt%C3%BC" title="Amerikan Devletleri Örgütü – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Amerikan Devletleri Örgütü" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D1%80%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%96%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%86%D1%96%D1%8F_%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D1%8C%D0%BA%D0%B8%D1%85_%D0%B4%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B6%D0%B0%D0%B2" title="Організація американських держав – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Організація американських держав" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%D9%86%D8%B8%DB%8C%D9%85_%D8%A8%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%A6%DB%92_%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%B1%DB%8C%DA%A9%DB%8C_%D9%85%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%84%DA%A9" title="تنظیم برائے امریکی ممالک – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="تنظیم برائے امریکی ممالک" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ug mw-list-item"><a href="https://ug.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A6%D8%A7%D9%85%DB%90%D8%B1%D9%89%D9%83%D8%A7_%D9%82%D9%89%D8%AA%D8%A6%DB%95%D8%B3%D9%89_%D8%AF%DB%86%D9%84%DB%95%D8%AA%D9%84%D9%89%D8%B1%D9%89_%D8%AA%DB%95%D8%B4%D9%83%D9%89%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AA%D9%89" title="ئامېرىكا قىتئەسى دۆلەتلىرى تەشكىلاتى – Uyghur" lang="ug" hreflang="ug" data-title="ئامېرىكا قىتئەسى دۆلەتلىرى تەشكىلاتى" data-language-autonym="ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche" data-language-local-name="Uyghur" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/Organizasion_dei_Stati_Americani" title="Organizasion dei Stati Americani – Venetian" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="Organizasion dei Stati Americani" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="Venetian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vèneto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/T%E1%BB%95_ch%E1%BB%A9c_c%C3%A1c_qu%E1%BB%91c_gia_ch%C3%A2u_M%E1%BB%B9" title="Tổ chức các quốc gia châu Mỹ – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Tổ chức các quốc gia châu Mỹ" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fiu-vro mw-list-item"><a href="https://fiu-vro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ameeriga_Riike_Organisats%27uun" title="Ameeriga Riike Organisats'uun – Võro" lang="vro" hreflang="vro" data-title="Ameeriga Riike Organisats'uun" data-language-autonym="Võro" data-language-local-name="Võro" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Võro</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%BE%8E%E6%B4%B2%E5%9B%BD%E5%AE%B6%E7%BB%84%E7%BB%87" title="美洲国家组织 – Wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="美洲国家组织" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yo mw-list-item"><a href="https://yo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%80gb%C3%A1j%E1%BB%8D_il%E1%BA%B9%CC%80_%C3%A0w%E1%BB%8Dn_Or%C3%ADl%E1%BA%B9%CC%80-%C3%A8d%C3%A8_Am%E1%BA%B9%CC%81r%C3%ADk%C3%A0" title="Àgbájọ ilẹ̀ àwọn Orílẹ̀-èdè Amẹ́ríkà – Yoruba" lang="yo" hreflang="yo" data-title="Àgbájọ ilẹ̀ àwọn Orílẹ̀-èdè Amẹ́ríkà" data-language-autonym="Yorùbá" data-language-local-name="Yoruba" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Yorùbá</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%BE%8E%E6%B4%B2%E5%9C%8B%E5%AE%B6%E7%B5%84%E7%B9%94" title="美洲國家組織 – Cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="美洲國家組織" 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.geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Organization_of_American_States&params=38.8929138_N_77.0403734_W_type:landmark_region:US-DC&title=OAS+headquarters%2C+Washington%2C+D.C."><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">38°53′34″N</span> <span class="longitude">77°02′25″W</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="vcard"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">38.8929138°N 77.0403734°W</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">38.8929138; -77.0403734</span></span><span style="display:none"> (<span class="fn org">OAS headquarters, Washington, D.C.</span>)</span></span></span></a></span></span></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">International organization of states in the Americas</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1043282317">.mw-parser-output .ib-country{border-collapse:collapse;line-height:1.2em}.mw-parser-output .ib-country td,.mw-parser-output .ib-country th{border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0.4em 0.6em 0.4em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-country .mergedtoprow .infobox-header,.mw-parser-output .ib-country .mergedtoprow .infobox-label,.mw-parser-output .ib-country .mergedtoprow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-country .mergedtoprow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-country .mergedtoprow .infobox-below{border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0.4em 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-country .mergedrow .infobox-label,.mw-parser-output .ib-country .mergedrow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-country .mergedrow .infobox-full-data{border:0;padding:0 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-country .mergedbottomrow .infobox-label,.mw-parser-output .ib-country .mergedbottomrow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-country .mergedbottomrow .infobox-full-data{border-top:0;border-bottom:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0 0.6em 0.4em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-country .infobox-header{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .ib-country .infobox-above{font-size:125%;line-height:1.2}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-names{padding-top:0.25em;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-name-style{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .ib-country .infobox-image{padding:0.5em 0}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-anthem{border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding-top:0.5em;margin-top:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-map-caption{position:relative;top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-largest,.mw-parser-output .ib-country-lang{font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-ethnic,.mw-parser-output .ib-country-religion,.mw-parser-output .ib-country-sovereignty{font-weight:normal;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-fake-li{text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-fake-li2{text-indent:0.5em;margin-left:1em;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-website{line-height:11pt}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-map-caption3{position:relative;top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-fn{text-align:left;margin:0 auto}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-fn-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-fn-num{margin-left:1em}</style><table class="infobox ib-country vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above adr"><div class="fn org country-name">Organization of American States</div><div class="ib-country-names"> <table class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="width: 100%;font-size: 88%;text-align:left; border-collapse:collapse;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="2" style="text-align:center; border-top: 0px;"> </th></tr> <tr style="border-bottom:1px solid #aaa"> <th style="padding-left:0.5em"><a href="/wiki/Spanish_language" title="Spanish language">Spanish</a> </th> <td><span title="Spanish-language text"><i lang="es">Organización de los Estados Americanos</i></span> </td></tr> <tr style="border-bottom:1px solid #aaa"> <th style="padding-left:0.5em"><a href="/wiki/French_language" title="French language">French</a> </th> <td><span title="French-language text"><i lang="fr">Organisation des États américains</i></span> </td></tr> <tr style="border-bottom:1px solid #aaa"> <th style="padding-left:0.5em"><a href="/wiki/Portuguese_language" title="Portuguese language">Portuguese</a> </th> <td><span title="Portuguese-language text"><i lang="pt">Organização dos Estados Americanos</i></span> </td></tr> </tbody></table></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><div class="noresize" style="display:table; width:100%;"> <div style="display:table-cell; vertical-align:middle; padding-left:5px;"> <div style="padding-bottom:3px;"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_the_Organization_of_American_States.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Flag of"><img alt="Seal of the Organization of American States on a blue background." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1e/Flag_of_the_Organization_of_American_States.svg/125px-Flag_of_the_Organization_of_American_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="125" height="71" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1e/Flag_of_the_Organization_of_American_States.svg/188px-Flag_of_the_Organization_of_American_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1e/Flag_of_the_Organization_of_American_States.svg/250px-Flag_of_the_Organization_of_American_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1125" data-file-height="638" /></a></span></div> <div><a href="/wiki/Flag_of_the_Organization_of_American_States" title="Flag of the Organization of American States">Flag</a></div> </div> <div style="display:table-cell; vertical-align:middle; padding: 0px 5px;"> <div style="padding-bottom:3px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Seal_of_the_Organization_of_American_States.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Emblem of"><img alt="Emblem of" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/44/Seal_of_the_Organization_of_American_States.svg/85px-Seal_of_the_Organization_of_American_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="85" height="85" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/44/Seal_of_the_Organization_of_American_States.svg/128px-Seal_of_the_Organization_of_American_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/44/Seal_of_the_Organization_of_American_States.svg/170px-Seal_of_the_Organization_of_American_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="316" data-file-height="316" /></a></span></div> <div><a href="/wiki/Flag_of_the_Organization_of_American_States" title="Flag of the Organization of American States">Emblem</a></div> </div> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><b>Motto: </b><br /><span class="nowrap">"Democracy for peace, security and development"</span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Organization_of_American_States_(orthographic_projection)_-_disputed_version.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Organization_of_American_States_%28orthographic_projection%29_-_disputed_version.svg/260px-Organization_of_American_States_%28orthographic_projection%29_-_disputed_version.svg.png" decoding="async" width="260" height="260" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Organization_of_American_States_%28orthographic_projection%29_-_disputed_version.svg/390px-Organization_of_American_States_%28orthographic_projection%29_-_disputed_version.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Organization_of_American_States_%28orthographic_projection%29_-_disputed_version.svg/520px-Organization_of_American_States_%28orthographic_projection%29_-_disputed_version.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="536" data-file-height="536" /></a></span><div class="ib-country-map-caption"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r981673959">.mw-parser-output .legend{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .legend-color{display:inline-block;min-width:1.25em;height:1.25em;line-height:1.25;margin:1px 0;text-align:center;border:1px solid black;background-color:transparent;color:black}.mw-parser-output .legend-text{}</style><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#005500; color:white;"> </span> Member states</div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#e41a1cff; color:;"> </span> Former member states</div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#d4aa00; color:black;"> </span> Disputed member states</div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Headquarters</th><td class="infobox-data">17th Street and <a href="/wiki/Constitution_Avenue" title="Constitution Avenue">Constitution Avenue</a> NW, <a href="/wiki/Washington,_D.C." title="Washington, D.C.">Washington, D.C.</a>, U.S.<br /><span class="geo-inline"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Organization_of_American_States&params=38.8929138_N_77.0403734_W_type:landmark_region:US-DC&title=OAS+headquarters%2C+Washington%2C+D.C."><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">38°53′34″N</span> <span class="longitude">77°02′25″W</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="vcard"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">38.8929138°N 77.0403734°W</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">38.8929138; -77.0403734</span></span><span style="display:none"> (<span class="fn org">OAS headquarters, Washington, D.C.</span>)</span></span></span></a></span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Official_languages" class="mw-redirect" title="Official languages">Official languages</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/American_English" title="American English">English</a><br /><a href="/wiki/American_French" title="American French">French</a> <br /><a href="/wiki/Portuguese_language_in_the_Americas" title="Portuguese language in the Americas">Portuguese</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Spanish_language_in_the_Americas" title="Spanish language in the Americas">Spanish</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Member_states_of_the_Organization_of_American_States" title="Member states of the Organization of American States">Member states</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><div class="collapsible-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="text-align: left;"> <div style="line-height: 1.6em; font-weight: bold; background:transparent;text-align:left;font-weight:normal;"><div><a href="/wiki/Member_states_of_the_Organization_of_American_States" title="Member states of the Organization of American States">33 states</a></div></div> <ul class="mw-collapsible-content" style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; line-height: inherit; list-style: none; margin-left: 0;"><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><a href="/wiki/Antigua_and_Barbuda" title="Antigua and Barbuda">Antigua and Barbuda</a></li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><a href="/wiki/Argentina" title="Argentina">Argentina</a></li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><a href="/wiki/Bahamas" class="mw-redirect" title="Bahamas">Bahamas</a></li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><a href="/wiki/Barbados" title="Barbados">Barbados</a></li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><a href="/wiki/Belize" title="Belize">Belize</a></li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><a href="/wiki/Bolivia" title="Bolivia">Bolivia</a></li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><a href="/wiki/Brazil" title="Brazil">Brazil</a></li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><a href="/wiki/Canada" title="Canada">Canada</a></li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><a href="/wiki/Chile" title="Chile">Chile</a></li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><a href="/wiki/Colombia" title="Colombia">Colombia</a></li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><a href="/wiki/Costa_Rica" title="Costa Rica">Costa Rica</a></li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><a href="/wiki/Dominica" title="Dominica">Dominica</a></li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><a href="/wiki/Dominican_Republic" title="Dominican Republic">Dominican Republic</a></li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><a href="/wiki/Ecuador" title="Ecuador">Ecuador</a></li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><a href="/wiki/El_Salvador" title="El Salvador">El Salvador</a></li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><a href="/wiki/Grenada" title="Grenada">Grenada</a></li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><a href="/wiki/Guatemala" title="Guatemala">Guatemala</a></li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><a href="/wiki/Guyana" title="Guyana">Guyana</a></li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><a href="/wiki/Haiti" title="Haiti">Haiti</a></li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><a href="/wiki/Honduras" title="Honduras">Honduras</a></li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><a href="/wiki/Jamaica" title="Jamaica">Jamaica</a></li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><a href="/wiki/Mexico" title="Mexico">Mexico</a></li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><a href="/wiki/Panama" title="Panama">Panama</a></li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><a href="/wiki/Paraguay" title="Paraguay">Paraguay</a></li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><a href="/wiki/Peru" title="Peru">Peru</a></li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><a href="/wiki/Saint_Kitts_and_Nevis" title="Saint Kitts and Nevis">Saint Kitts and Nevis</a></li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><a href="/wiki/Saint_Lucia" title="Saint Lucia">Saint Lucia</a></li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><a href="/wiki/Saint_Vincent_and_the_Grenadines" title="Saint Vincent and the Grenadines">Saint Vincent and the Grenadines</a></li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><a href="/wiki/Suriname" title="Suriname">Suriname</a></li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><a href="/wiki/Trinidad_and_Tobago" title="Trinidad and Tobago">Trinidad and Tobago</a></li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a></li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><a href="/wiki/Uruguay" title="Uruguay">Uruguay</a></li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><a href="/wiki/Venezuela" title="Venezuela">Venezuela</a> (Disputed)<sup id="cite_ref-VEN_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-VEN-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>Note 1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Leaders</th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">• <a href="/wiki/Secretary_General_of_the_Organization_of_American_States" title="Secretary General of the Organization of American States">Secretary General</a> </div></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Luis_Almagro" title="Luis Almagro">Luis Almagro</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">• Assistant Secretary General </div></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Nestor_Mendez" title="Nestor Mendez">Nestor Mendez</a></td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Establishment</th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">• <a href="/wiki/Charter_of_the_Organization_of_American_States" title="Charter of the Organization of American States">Charter</a> </div></th><td class="infobox-data">30 April 1948</td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Area</th></tr><tr class="mergedbottomrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div class="ib-country-fake-li">• Total</div></th><td class="infobox-data">40,275,678 km<sup>2</sup> (15,550,526 sq mi)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Population</th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div class="ib-country-fake-li">• 2008 estimate</div></th><td class="infobox-data">980,457,921</td></tr><tr class="mergedbottomrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div class="ib-country-fake-li">• Density</div></th><td class="infobox-data">24/km<sup>2</sup> (62.2/sq mi)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Time zone</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Coordinated_Universal_Time" title="Coordinated Universal Time">UTC</a>−10 to +0</span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><div class="ib-country-website"><b>Website</b><br /><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.oas.org/en/">oas.org</a></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <figure class="mw-halign-right noresize" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><span><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/be/Supranational_American_Bodies.svg/400px-Supranational_American_Bodies.svg.png" decoding="async" width="400" height="400" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/be/Supranational_American_Bodies.svg/600px-Supranational_American_Bodies.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/be/Supranational_American_Bodies.svg/800px-Supranational_American_Bodies.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1325" data-file-height="1325" usemap="#ImageMap_57900909386c1288" resource="/wiki/File:Supranational_American_Bodies.svg" /></span><map name="ImageMap_57900909386c1288"><area href="/wiki/Antigua_and_Barbuda" shape="rect" coords="82,337,100,352" alt="Antigua and Barbuda" title="Antigua and Barbuda" /><area href="/wiki/Argentina" shape="rect" coords="174,90,192,105" alt="Argentina" title="Argentina" /><area href="/wiki/Bahamas" shape="rect" coords="364,262,382,277" alt="Bahamas" title="Bahamas" /><area href="/wiki/Barbados" shape="rect" coords="292,295,310,310" alt="Barbados" title="Barbados" /><area href="/wiki/Belize" shape="rect" coords="320,244,338,259" alt="Belize" title="Belize" /><area href="/wiki/Bolivia" shape="rect" coords="257,176,275,191" alt="Bolivia" title="Bolivia" /><area href="/wiki/Brazil" shape="rect" coords="174,111,192,126" alt="Brazil" title="Brazil" /><area href="/wiki/Canada" shape="rect" coords="292,8,310,23" alt="Canada" title="Canada" /><area href="/wiki/Chile" shape="rect" coords="213,69,232,84" alt="Chile" title="Chile" /><area href="/wiki/Colombia" shape="rect" coords="236,111,254,126" alt="Colombia" title="Colombia" /><area href="/wiki/Costa_Rica" shape="rect" coords="342,103,360,118" alt="Costa Rica" title="Costa Rica" /><area href="/wiki/Cuba" shape="rect" coords="49,198,67,213" alt="Cuba" title="Cuba" /><area href="/wiki/Dominica" shape="rect" coords="101,322,119,337" alt="Dominica" title="Dominica" /><area href="/wiki/Dominican_Republic" shape="rect" coords="364,200,382,215" alt="Dominican Republic" title="Dominican Republic" /><area href="/wiki/Ecuador" shape="rect" coords="236,153,254,168" alt="Ecuador" title="Ecuador" /><area href="/wiki/El_Salvador" shape="rect" coords="342,219,360,235" alt="El Salvador" title="El Salvador" /><area href="/wiki/Grenada" shape="rect" coords="101,295,119,310" alt="Grenada" title="Grenada" /><area href="/wiki/Guatemala" shape="rect" coords="342,179,360,194" alt="Guatemala" title="Guatemala" /><area href="/wiki/Guyana" shape="rect" coords="151,247,169,262" alt="Guyana" title="Guyana" /><area href="/wiki/Haiti" shape="rect" coords="364,277,382,292" alt="Haiti" title="Haiti" /><area href="/wiki/Honduras" shape="rect" coords="342,200,360,215" alt="Honduras" title="Honduras" /><area href="/wiki/Jamaica" shape="rect" coords="292,271,310,286" alt="Jamaica" title="Jamaica" /><area href="/wiki/Mexico" shape="rect" coords="257,46,275,61" alt="Mexico" title="Mexico" /><area href="/wiki/Montserrat" shape="rect" coords="101,382,119,397" alt="Montserrat" title="Montserrat" /><area href="/wiki/Nicaragua" shape="rect" coords="292,219,310,235" alt="Nicaragua" title="Nicaragua" /><area href="/wiki/Panama" shape="rect" coords="292,132,310,147" alt="Panama" title="Panama" /><area href="/wiki/Paraguay" shape="rect" coords="151,90,169,105" alt="Paraguay" title="Paraguay" /><area href="/wiki/Peru" shape="rect" coords="213,132,232,147" alt="Peru" title="Peru" /><area href="/wiki/Saint_Kitts_and_Nevis" shape="rect" coords="82,322,100,337" alt="Saint Kitts and Nevis" title="Saint Kitts and Nevis" /><area href="/wiki/Saint_Lucia" shape="rect" coords="82,352,100,367" alt="Saint Lucia" title="Saint Lucia" /><area href="/wiki/Saint_Vincent_and_the_Grenadines" shape="rect" coords="101,337,119,352" alt="Saint Vincent and the Grenadines" title="Saint Vincent and the Grenadines" /><area href="/wiki/Suriname" shape="rect" coords="174,247,192,262" alt="Suriname" title="Suriname" /><area href="/wiki/Trinidad_and_Tobago" shape="rect" coords="342,295,360,310" alt="Trinidad and Tobago" title="Trinidad and Tobago" /><area href="/wiki/United_States" shape="rect" coords="342,8,360,23" alt="United States" title="United States" /><area href="/wiki/Uruguay" shape="rect" coords="128,90,146,105" alt="Uruguay" title="Uruguay" /><area href="/wiki/Venezuela" shape="rect" coords="128,198,146,213" alt="Venezuela" title="Venezuela" /><area href="/wiki/Inter-American_Treaty_of_Reciprocal_Assistance" shape="rect" coords="366,3,385,22" alt="Inter-American Treaty of Reciprocal Assistance" title="Inter-American Treaty of Reciprocal Assistance" /><area href="/wiki/Community_of_Latin_American_and_Caribbean_States" shape="rect" coords="6,30,37,37" alt="Community of Latin American and Caribbean States" title="Community of Latin American and Caribbean States" /><area href="/wiki/Latin_American_Economic_System" shape="rect" coords="42,30,67,37" alt="Latin American Economic System" title="Latin American Economic System" /><area href="/wiki/Union_of_South_American_Nations" shape="rect" coords="238,278,277,286" alt="Union of South American Nations" title="Union of South American Nations" /><area href="/wiki/Amazon_Cooperation_Treaty_Organization" shape="rect" coords="130,108,156,115" alt="Amazon Cooperation Treaty Organization" title="Amazon Cooperation Treaty Organization" /><area href="/wiki/Andean_Community" shape="rect" coords="213,181,232,188" alt="Andean Community" title="Andean Community" /><area href="/wiki/Mercosur" shape="rect" coords="151,76,191,84" alt="Mercosur" title="Mercosur" /><area href="/wiki/Caribbean_Community" shape="rect" coords="341,389,385,396" alt="Caribbean Community" title="Caribbean Community" /><area href="/wiki/Pacific_Alliance" shape="rect" coords="198,45,232,62" alt="Pacific Alliance" title="Pacific Alliance" /><area href="/wiki/ALBA" shape="rect" coords="42,176,67,183" alt="ALBA" title="ALBA" /><area href="/wiki/Central_American_Integration_System" shape="rect" coords="363,104,385,111" alt="Central American Integration System" title="Central American Integration System" /><area href="/wiki/Central_American_Parliament" shape="rect" coords="335,122,385,129" alt="Central American Parliament" title="Central American Parliament" /><area href="/wiki/Organisation_of_Eastern_Caribbean_States" shape="rect" coords="82,281,108,288" alt="Organisation of Eastern Caribbean States" title="Organisation of Eastern Caribbean States" /><area href="/wiki/Latin_American_Integration_Association" shape="rect" coords="42,43,69,50" alt="Latin American Integration Association" title="Latin American Integration Association" /><area href="/wiki/Central_America-4_Border_Control_Agreement" shape="rect" coords="290,179,312,186" alt="Central America-4 Border Control Agreement" title="Central America-4 Border Control Agreement" /><area href="/wiki/United_States%E2%80%93Mexico%E2%80%93Canada_Agreement" shape="rect" coords="257,8,291,16" alt="United States–Mexico–Canada Agreement" title="United States–Mexico–Canada Agreement" /><area href="/wiki/Forum_for_the_Progress_and_Integration_of_South_America" shape="rect" coords="212,266,252,273" alt="Forum for the Progress and Integration of South America" title="Forum for the Progress and Integration of South America" /><area href="/wiki/Association_of_Caribbean_States" shape="rect" coords="366,42,385,49" alt="Association of Caribbean States" title="Association of Caribbean States" /><area href="/wiki/Organization_of_American_States" shape="rect" coords="77,4,96,11" alt="Organization of American States" title="Organization of American States" /><area href="/wiki/Petrocaribe" shape="rect" coords="202,199,251,206" alt="Petrocaribe" title="Petrocaribe" /><area href="/wiki/CARICOM_Single_Market_and_Economy" shape="rect" coords="331,358,357,366" alt="CARICOM Single Market and Economy" title="CARICOM Single Market and Economy" /></map><figcaption>A clickable <a href="/wiki/Euler_diagram" title="Euler diagram">Euler diagram</a> showing the relationships between various multinational organizations in the Americas<span style="float:right; font-weight:normal; font-size:xx-small;"><a href="/wiki/Template:Supranational_American_Bodies" class="mw-redirect" title="Template:Supranational American Bodies"><span title="View this template">v</span></a> • <a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Supranational_American_Bodies" class="mw-redirect" title="Template talk:Supranational American Bodies"><span title="Discuss this template">d</span></a> • <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Template:Supranational_American_Bodies&action=edit"><span title="Edit this template" style=";">e</span></a> </span></figcaption></figure> <p>The <b>Organization of American States</b> (<b>OAS</b> or <b>OEA</b>; <a href="/wiki/Spanish_language" title="Spanish language">Spanish</a>: <i lang="es">Organización de los Estados Americanos</i>; <a href="/wiki/Portuguese_language" title="Portuguese language">Portuguese</a>: <i lang="pt">Organização dos Estados Americanos</i>; <a href="/wiki/French_language" title="French language">French</a>: <i lang="fr">Organisation des États américains</i>) is an <a href="/wiki/International_organization" title="International organization">international organization</a> founded on 30 April 1948 to promote cooperation among its member states within the <a href="/wiki/Americas" title="Americas">Americas</a>. </p><p>Headquartered in <a href="/wiki/Washington,_D.C." title="Washington, D.C.">Washington, D.C.</a>, United States, the OAS is a "multilateral regional body focused on human rights, electoral oversight, social and economic development, and security in the Western Hemisphere", according to the <a href="/wiki/Council_on_Foreign_Relations" title="Council on Foreign Relations">Council on Foreign Relations</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As of November 2023, <a href="/wiki/Member_states_of_the_Organization_of_American_States" title="Member states of the Organization of American States">32 states</a> in the Americas are OAS members.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Luis_Almagro" title="Luis Almagro">Luis Almagro</a> of <a href="/wiki/Uruguay" title="Uruguay">Uruguay</a> was inaugurated as OAS secretary general in 2015.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Miami_Herald_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Miami_Herald-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Organization_of_American_States&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1251242444">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left:10px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.5em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.5em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image-div{width:52px}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0 10%}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .ambox{display:none!important}}</style><table class="box-More_citations_needed plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Refimprove" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Question_book-new.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/50px-Question_book-new.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/75px-Question_book-new.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/100px-Question_book-new.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="399" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This section <b>needs additional citations for <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">verification</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help <a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Organization_of_American_States" title="Special:EditPage/Organization of American States">improve this article</a> by <a href="/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners" title="Help:Referencing for beginners">adding citations to reliable sources</a> in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.<br /><small><span class="plainlinks"><i>Find sources:</i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?as_eq=wikipedia&q=%22Organization+of+American+States%22">"Organization of American States"</a> – <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbm=nws&q=%22Organization+of+American+States%22+-wikipedia&tbs=ar:1">news</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?&q=%22Organization+of+American+States%22&tbs=bkt:s&tbm=bks">newspapers</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbs=bks:1&q=%22Organization+of+American+States%22+-wikipedia">books</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%22Organization+of+American+States%22">scholar</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/action/doBasicSearch?Query=%22Organization+of+American+States%22&acc=on&wc=on">JSTOR</a></span></small></span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">April 2018</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="19th_century">19th century</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Organization_of_American_States&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: 19th century"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:%22International_Union_of_American_Republics%22_logo_in_1909_-_from_publication_Cacao_(1909)_(IA_cacao00inte)_(page_1_crop).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/%22International_Union_of_American_Republics%22_logo_in_1909_-_from_publication_Cacao_%281909%29_%28IA_cacao00inte%29_%28page_1_crop%29.jpg/220px-%22International_Union_of_American_Republics%22_logo_in_1909_-_from_publication_Cacao_%281909%29_%28IA_cacao00inte%29_%28page_1_crop%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="220" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/%22International_Union_of_American_Republics%22_logo_in_1909_-_from_publication_Cacao_%281909%29_%28IA_cacao00inte%29_%28page_1_crop%29.jpg/330px-%22International_Union_of_American_Republics%22_logo_in_1909_-_from_publication_Cacao_%281909%29_%28IA_cacao00inte%29_%28page_1_crop%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a8/%22International_Union_of_American_Republics%22_logo_in_1909_-_from_publication_Cacao_%281909%29_%28IA_cacao00inte%29_%28page_1_crop%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="379" data-file-height="379" /></a><figcaption>The OAS logo in 1909<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Pan_American_between_1910_and_1920_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/Pan_American_between_1910_and_1920_%28cropped%29.jpg/220px-Pan_American_between_1910_and_1920_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="162" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/Pan_American_between_1910_and_1920_%28cropped%29.jpg/330px-Pan_American_between_1910_and_1920_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/Pan_American_between_1910_and_1920_%28cropped%29.jpg/440px-Pan_American_between_1910_and_1920_%28cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="906" data-file-height="668" /></a><figcaption>The <a href="/wiki/Pan_American_Union_Building" title="Pan American Union Building">Pan American Union Building</a> in 1910, shortly after its construction in <a href="/wiki/Washington,_D._C." class="mw-redirect" title="Washington, D. C.">Washington, D. C.</a></figcaption></figure> <p>The notion of an international union in the American continent was first put forward during the liberation of America by <a href="/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_de_San_Mart%C3%ADn" title="José de San Martín">José de San Martín</a> and <a href="/wiki/Sim%C3%B3n_Bol%C3%ADvar" title="Simón Bolívar">Simón Bolívar</a><sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> who, at the 1826 <a href="/wiki/Congress_of_Panama" title="Congress of Panama">Congress of Panama</a>, still being part of <a href="/wiki/Colombia" title="Colombia">Colombia</a>, proposed creating a league of American republics, with a common military, a mutual defense pact, and a supranational parliamentary assembly. The meeting was attended by representatives of <a href="/wiki/Gran_Colombia" title="Gran Colombia">Gran Colombia</a>, comprising the present-day countries of <a href="/wiki/Colombia" title="Colombia">Colombia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ecuador" title="Ecuador">Ecuador</a>, <a href="/wiki/Panama" title="Panama">Panama</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Venezuela" title="Venezuela">Venezuela</a>, <a href="/wiki/Argentina" title="Argentina">Argentina</a>, <a href="/wiki/Peru" title="Peru">Peru</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bolivia" title="Bolivia">Bolivia</a>, the <a href="/wiki/United_Provinces_of_Central_America" class="mw-redirect" title="United Provinces of Central America">United Provinces of Central America</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Mexico" title="Mexico">Mexico</a> but the grandly titled "Treaty of Union, League, and Perpetual Confederation" was ultimately ratified only by Gran Colombia. Bolívar's dream soon floundered with civil war in Gran Colombia, the disintegration of Central America, and the emergence of <a href="/wiki/Nationalism" title="Nationalism">national</a> rather than New World outlooks in the newly independent American republics. Bolívar's dream of inter-American unity was meant to unify Hispanic American nations against external powers. </p><p>The pursuit of regional solidarity and cooperation again came to the forefront in 1889–1890, at the First <a href="/wiki/International_Conference_of_American_States" class="mw-redirect" title="International Conference of American States">International Conference of American States</a>. Gathered together in Washington, D.C., 18 nations resolved to found the International Union of American Republics, served by a permanent secretariat called the Commercial Bureau of the American Republics (renamed the International Commercial Bureau at the Second International Conference in 1901–1902). These two bodies, in existence as of 14 April 1890, represent the point of inception to which the OAS and its <a href="/wiki/Secretary_(title)" title="Secretary (title)">General Secretariat</a> trace their origins. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="20th_century">20th century</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Organization_of_American_States&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: 20th century"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Pan_American_Union,_Washington,_DC_in_1943.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/Pan_American_Union%2C_Washington%2C_DC_in_1943.jpg/220px-Pan_American_Union%2C_Washington%2C_DC_in_1943.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="170" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/Pan_American_Union%2C_Washington%2C_DC_in_1943.jpg/330px-Pan_American_Union%2C_Washington%2C_DC_in_1943.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/Pan_American_Union%2C_Washington%2C_DC_in_1943.jpg/440px-Pan_American_Union%2C_Washington%2C_DC_in_1943.jpg 2x" data-file-width="8458" data-file-height="6548" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Pan_American_Union_Building" title="Pan American Union Building">Pan American Union headquarters building</a> in <a href="/wiki/Washington,_D.C." title="Washington, D.C.">Washington, D.C.</a> in 1943</figcaption></figure> <p>At the fourth <a href="/wiki/International_Conference_of_American_States" class="mw-redirect" title="International Conference of American States">International Conference of American States</a> (<a href="/wiki/Buenos_Aires" title="Buenos Aires">Buenos Aires</a>, 1910), the name of the organization was changed to the Union of American Republics and the Bureau became the Pan American Union. The <a href="/wiki/Pan_American_Union_Building" title="Pan American Union Building">Pan American Union Building</a> was constructed in 1910, on <a href="/wiki/Constitution_Avenue" title="Constitution Avenue">Constitution Avenue</a>, <a href="/wiki/Northwest,_Washington,_D.C." class="mw-redirect" title="Northwest, Washington, D.C.">Northwest, Washington, D.C.</a> </p><p>In the mid-1930s, U.S. President <a href="/wiki/Franklin_Delano_Roosevelt" class="mw-redirect" title="Franklin Delano Roosevelt">Franklin Delano Roosevelt</a> organized an inter-American conference in Buenos Aires. One of the items at the conference was a "<a href="/wiki/League_of_Nations" title="League of Nations">League of Nations</a> of the Americas", an idea proposed by Colombia, Guatemala, and the Dominican Republic.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> At the subsequent Inter-American Conference for the Maintenance of Peace, 21 nations pledged to remain neutral in the event of a conflict between any two members.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The experience of <a href="/wiki/World_War_II" title="World War II">World War II</a> convinced hemispheric governments that unilateral action could not ensure the territorial integrity of the American nations in the event of external aggression. To meet the challenges of global conflict in the postwar world and to contain conflicts within the hemisphere, they adopted a system of <a href="/wiki/Collective_security" title="Collective security">collective security</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Inter-American_Treaty_of_Reciprocal_Assistance" title="Inter-American Treaty of Reciprocal Assistance">Inter-American Treaty of Reciprocal Assistance</a> (Rio Treaty) signed in 1947 in <a href="/wiki/Rio_de_Janeiro" title="Rio de Janeiro">Rio de Janeiro</a>. </p><p>The ninth <a href="/wiki/International_Conference_of_American_States" class="mw-redirect" title="International Conference of American States">International Conference of American States</a> was held in <a href="/wiki/Bogot%C3%A1" title="Bogotá">Bogotá</a> between March and May 1948 and led by <a href="/wiki/United_States_Secretary_of_State" title="United States Secretary of State">United States Secretary of State</a> <a href="/wiki/George_Marshall" class="mw-redirect" title="George Marshall">George Marshall</a>, a meeting which led to a pledge by members to fight communism in the <a href="/wiki/Western_hemisphere" class="mw-redirect" title="Western hemisphere">western hemisphere</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This was the event that saw the birth of the OAS as it stands today, with the signature by 21 American countries of the <a href="/wiki/Charter_of_the_Organization_of_American_States" title="Charter of the Organization of American States">Charter of the Organization of American States</a> on 30 April 1948 (in effect since December 1951). The meeting also adopted the <a href="/wiki/American_Declaration_of_the_Rights_and_Duties_of_Man" title="American Declaration of the Rights and Duties of Man">American Declaration of the Rights and Duties of Man</a>, the world's first general human rights instrument. </p><p>The transition from the Pan American Union to OAS would have been smooth if it had not been for the assassination of Colombian leader <a href="/wiki/Jorge_Eli%C3%A9cer_Gait%C3%A1n" title="Jorge Eliécer Gaitán">Jorge Eliécer Gaitán</a>. The Director General of the Pan American Union, <a href="/wiki/Alberto_Lleras_Camargo" title="Alberto Lleras Camargo">Alberto Lleras Camargo</a>, became the Organization's first <a href="/wiki/Secretary_General_of_the_Organization_of_American_States" title="Secretary General of the Organization of American States">Secretary General</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="21st_century">21st century</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Organization_of_American_States&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: 21st century"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Seal_of_the_Organization_of_American_States_SVG.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Emblem with the official name in English." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/Seal_of_the_Organization_of_American_States_SVG.svg/220px-Seal_of_the_Organization_of_American_States_SVG.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="220" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/Seal_of_the_Organization_of_American_States_SVG.svg/330px-Seal_of_the_Organization_of_American_States_SVG.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/Seal_of_the_Organization_of_American_States_SVG.svg/440px-Seal_of_the_Organization_of_American_States_SVG.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="709" data-file-height="709" /></a><figcaption>The OAS emblem with its official name in <a href="/wiki/English_language" title="English language">English</a></figcaption></figure> <p>The OAS conducted an audit of the <a href="/wiki/2019_Bolivian_general_election" title="2019 Bolivian general election">2019 Bolivian general election</a>, which opposition supporters argued was fraudulent. The OAS report contended that the results were marred by "clear manipulation" and significant irregularities leading to the <a href="/wiki/2019_Bolivian_political_crisis" title="2019 Bolivian political crisis">2019 Bolivian political crisis</a>. Bolivian president <a href="/wiki/Evo_Morales" title="Evo Morales">Evo Morales</a> resigned soon after, having lost the confidence of the country's military in what he described as a coup.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Some media outlets debated whether it should be referred to as a coup.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On 21 December, the Technical Mission of Electoral Experts sent by the European Union published a 67-page report made similar observations and conclusions to that of the OAS. They noted that "there were minutes with an unusually high number of null votes, blank votes and a hundred percent participation of voters in a series of polling stations" and highlighted the general failure of the TSE to declare these irregularities.<sup id="cite_ref-eu1_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-eu1-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-eu2_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-eu2-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Studies commissioned by the American <a href="/wiki/Left-leaning" class="mw-redirect" title="Left-leaning">left-leaning</a><sup id="cite_ref-The_Perils_Of_Petrocracy_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-The_Perils_Of_Petrocracy-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-nbcnews.com_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nbcnews.com-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> think tank <a href="/wiki/Center_for_Economic_and_Policy_Research" title="Center for Economic and Policy Research">CEPR</a> argued that the OAS report's statistical analysis was inaccurate and unreliable.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The author of the OAS's vote return analysis stated that the CEPR's explanation of the results was implausible.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The organization has been criticized by Mexico<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and the CEPR<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="noprint Inline-Template noprint noexcerpt Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:NOTRS" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:NOTRS"><span title="The current source is insufficiently reliable (WP:NOTRS). (February 2022)">better source needed</span></a></i>]</sup> for their perception of interference into the internal affairs of Bolivia.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The OAS observed the subsequent <a href="/wiki/2020_Bolivian_general_election" title="2020 Bolivian general election">2020 Bolivian general election</a> stating there was no evidence of fraud.<sup id="cite_ref-nofraude_24-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nofraude-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <i><a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a></i> concluded that there was some fraud, but that it was unclear how much or if it was sufficient to change the result of the election, and suggested the initial analysis by the OAS was flawed.<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In November 2021, OAS condemned the outcome of the <a href="/wiki/2021_Nicaraguan_general_election" title="2021 Nicaraguan general election">Nicaraguan general election</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In April 2022, Nicaragua reported the completion of its withdrawal process from the OAS initiated in November 2021. The OAS stated that, due to the terms of treaty, the withdrawal would not take effect until 2023.<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The move was completed on 19 November that year.<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Milestones">Milestones</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Organization_of_American_States&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Milestones"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Significant milestones in the history of the OAS since the signing of the Charter have included the following: </p> <ul><li>1959: <a href="/wiki/Inter-American_Commission_on_Human_Rights" title="Inter-American Commission on Human Rights">Inter-American Commission on Human Rights</a> created.</li> <li>1959: <a href="/wiki/Inter-American_Development_Bank" title="Inter-American Development Bank">Inter-American Development Bank</a> created.</li> <li>1960: First application of the <a href="/wiki/Inter-American_Treaty_of_Reciprocal_Assistance" title="Inter-American Treaty of Reciprocal Assistance">Inter-American Treaty of Reciprocal Assistance</a> against the regime of <a href="/wiki/Rafael_Trujillo" title="Rafael Trujillo">Rafael Trujillo</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Dominican_Republic" title="Dominican Republic">Dominican Republic</a></li> <li>1961: Charter of Punta del Este signed, launching the <a href="/wiki/Alliance_for_Progress" title="Alliance for Progress">Alliance for Progress</a>.</li> <li>1962: OAS suspends <a href="/wiki/Cuba" title="Cuba">Cuba</a>.</li> <li>1969: <a href="/wiki/American_Convention_on_Human_Rights" title="American Convention on Human Rights">American Convention on Human Rights</a> signed (in force since 1978).</li> <li>1970: <a href="/wiki/General_Assembly_of_the_Organization_of_American_States" title="General Assembly of the Organization of American States">OAS General Assembly</a> established as the Organization's supreme decision-making body.</li> <li>1979: <a href="/wiki/Inter-American_Court_of_Human_Rights" title="Inter-American Court of Human Rights">Inter-American Court of Human Rights</a> created.</li> <li>1991: Adoption of Resolution 1080, which requires the Secretary General to convene the <a href="/wiki/Permanent_Council_of_the_Organization_of_American_States" title="Permanent Council of the Organization of American States">Permanent Council</a> within ten days of a <a href="/wiki/Coup_d%27%C3%A9tat" title="Coup d'état">coup d'état</a> in any member country.</li> <li>1994: First <a href="/wiki/Summit_of_the_Americas" title="Summit of the Americas">Summit of the Americas</a> (<a href="/wiki/Miami" title="Miami">Miami</a>), which resolved to establish a <a href="/wiki/Free_Trade_Area_of_the_Americas" title="Free Trade Area of the Americas">Free Trade Area of the Americas</a> by 2005.</li> <li>2001: <a href="/wiki/Inter-American_Democratic_Charter" title="Inter-American Democratic Charter">Inter-American Democratic Charter</a> adopted.</li> <li>2009: OAS revokes 1962 suspension of <a href="/wiki/Cuba" title="Cuba">Cuba</a>.</li> <li>2009: OAS suspends Honduras due to the <a href="/wiki/2009_Honduran_coup_d%27%C3%A9tat" title="2009 Honduran coup d'état">coup</a> which ousted president <a href="/wiki/Manuel_Zelaya" title="Manuel Zelaya">Manuel Zelaya</a>.</li> <li>2011: OAS lifts the suspension of Honduras with the return of Manuel Zelaya from exile.</li> <li>2017: <a href="/wiki/Venezuela" title="Venezuela">Venezuela</a> announces it would begin the process to leave the OAS, accusing the organization of interference in <a href="/wiki/Crisis_in_Bolivarian_Venezuela" class="mw-redirect" title="Crisis in Bolivarian Venezuela">Venezuela's political crisis</a>.</li> <li>2019: During the <a href="/wiki/Venezuelan_presidential_crisis" title="Venezuelan presidential crisis">Venezuelan presidential crisis</a>, the <a href="/wiki/President_of_the_National_Assembly_of_Venezuela" title="President of the National Assembly of Venezuela">President of the National Assembly</a> <a href="/wiki/Juan_Guaid%C3%B3" title="Juan Guaidó">Juan Guaidó</a>, recognized by the <a href="/wiki/National_Assembly_(Venezuela)" class="mw-redirect" title="National Assembly (Venezuela)">National Assembly</a> as the acting president, expressed his desire for Venezuela to remain a member of the OAS.<sup id="cite_ref-VZWD_29-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-VZWD-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> the OAS voted to recognize <a href="/wiki/Gustavo_Tarre_Brice%C3%B1o" class="mw-redirect" title="Gustavo Tarre Briceño">Gustavo Tarre Briceño</a> as Venezuela's delegate in April, the National Assembly's representative to the OAS.<sup id="cite_ref-VZSE_30-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-VZSE-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-VZGD_31-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-VZGD-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:3_32-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:3-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>2020: OAS concluded that the <a href="/wiki/2019_Bolivian_general_election" title="2019 Bolivian general election">2019 Bolivian general election</a> was fraudulent.<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>2021: <a href="/wiki/Nicaragua" title="Nicaragua">Nicaragua</a> submitted a formal request to leave the OAS, following condemnation from the OAS General Assembly of Foreign Ministers of the outcome of the <a href="/wiki/2021_Nicaraguan_general_election" title="2021 Nicaraguan general election">2021 election</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>2023: Nicaragua completed its withdrawal from the OAS.<sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Goals_and_purpose">Goals and purpose</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Organization_of_American_States&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Goals and purpose"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In the words of Article 1 of the Charter, the goal of the member nations in creating the OAS was "to achieve an order of peace and justice, to promote their solidarity, to strengthen their collaboration, and to defend their sovereignty, their territorial integrity, and their independence." Article 2 then defines eight essential purposes: </p> <ul><li>To strengthen the <a href="/wiki/World_peace" title="World peace">peace</a> and security of the continent.</li> <li>To promote and consolidate <a href="/wiki/Representative_democracy" title="Representative democracy">representative democracy</a>, with due respect for the <a href="/wiki/Principle_of_non-intervention" class="mw-redirect" title="Principle of non-intervention">principle of non-intervention</a>.</li> <li>To prevent possible causes of difficulties and to ensure the pacific settlement of disputes that may arise among the member states.</li> <li>To provide for common action on the part of those states in the event of aggression.</li> <li>To seek the solution of political, judicial, and economic problems that may arise among them.</li> <li>To promote, by cooperative action, their <a href="/wiki/Right_to_development" title="Right to development">economic, social, and cultural development</a>.</li> <li>To <a href="/wiki/Poverty_reduction" title="Poverty reduction">eradicate extreme poverty</a>, which constitutes an obstacle to the full democratic development of the peoples of the hemisphere.</li> <li>To achieve an effective limitation of conventional weapons that will make it possible to devote the largest amount of resources to the economic and social development of the member states.</li></ul> <p>Over the course of the 1990s, with the end of the <a href="/wiki/Cold_War" title="Cold War">Cold War</a>, the return to democracy in <a href="/wiki/Latin_America" title="Latin America">Latin America</a>, and the thrust toward <a href="/wiki/Globalization" title="Globalization">globalization</a>, the OAS made major efforts to reinvent itself to fit the new context. Its stated priorities now include the following: </p> <ul><li>Strengthening democracy: Between 1962 and 2002, the Organization sent multinational observation missions to oversee free and fair elections in the member states on more than 100 occasions. The OAS also works to strengthen national and local government and electoral agencies, to promote democratic practices and values, and to help countries detect and defuse official corruption.</li> <li>Working for peace: Special OAS missions have supported peace processes in <a href="/wiki/Nicaragua" title="Nicaragua">Nicaragua</a>, <a href="/wiki/Suriname" title="Suriname">Suriname</a>, <a href="/wiki/Haiti" title="Haiti">Haiti</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Guatemala" title="Guatemala">Guatemala</a>. The Organization has played a leading part in the removal of landmines deployed in member states and it has led negotiations to resolve the continents' remaining border disputes (<a href="/wiki/Guatemala" title="Guatemala">Guatemala</a>/<a href="/wiki/Belize" title="Belize">Belize</a>; <a href="/wiki/Peru" title="Peru">Peru</a>/<a href="/wiki/Ecuador" title="Ecuador">Ecuador</a>). Work is also underway on the construction of a common inter-American counter-terrorism front.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Human_rights_defenders" class="mw-redirect" title="Human rights defenders">Defending human rights</a>: The agencies of the inter-American human rights system provide a venue for the denunciation and resolution of human rights violations in individual cases. They also monitor and report on the general human rights situation in the member states.</li> <li>Fostering free trade: The OAS is one of the three agencies currently engaged in drafting a treaty aiming to establish an <a href="/wiki/Free_Trade_Area_of_the_Americas" title="Free Trade Area of the Americas">inter-continental free trade area</a> from <a href="/wiki/Alaska" title="Alaska">Alaska</a> to <a href="/wiki/Tierra_del_Fuego" title="Tierra del Fuego">Tierra del Fuego</a>.</li> <li>Fighting the drugs trade: The Inter-American Drug Abuse Control Commission was established in 1986 to coordinate efforts and cross-border cooperation in this area.</li> <li>Promoting <a href="/wiki/Sustainable_development" title="Sustainable development">sustainable development</a>: The goal of the OAS's Inter-American Council for Integral Development is to promote economic development and combating poverty. OAS technical cooperation programs address such areas as river basin management, the conservation of biodiversity, preservation of cultural diversity, planning for global climate change, <a href="/wiki/Sustainable_tourism" title="Sustainable tourism">sustainable tourism</a>, and natural disaster mitigation.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Organizational_structure">Organizational structure</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Organization_of_American_States&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Organizational structure"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Secretary_Pompeo_Delivers_Remarks_at_the_Organization_of_American_States_Headquarters_(46863388441).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/Secretary_Pompeo_Delivers_Remarks_at_the_Organization_of_American_States_Headquarters_%2846863388441%29.jpg/220px-Secretary_Pompeo_Delivers_Remarks_at_the_Organization_of_American_States_Headquarters_%2846863388441%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/Secretary_Pompeo_Delivers_Remarks_at_the_Organization_of_American_States_Headquarters_%2846863388441%29.jpg/330px-Secretary_Pompeo_Delivers_Remarks_at_the_Organization_of_American_States_Headquarters_%2846863388441%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/Secretary_Pompeo_Delivers_Remarks_at_the_Organization_of_American_States_Headquarters_%2846863388441%29.jpg/440px-Secretary_Pompeo_Delivers_Remarks_at_the_Organization_of_American_States_Headquarters_%2846863388441%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4842" data-file-height="3228" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/United_States_Secretary_of_State" title="United States Secretary of State">U.S. Secretary of State</a> <a href="/wiki/Mike_Pompeo" title="Mike Pompeo">Mike Pompeo</a> speaks at the OAS Permanent Council in January 2019</figcaption></figure> <p>The Organization of American States is composed of a General Secretariat, the <a href="/wiki/Permanent_Council_of_the_Organization_of_American_States" title="Permanent Council of the Organization of American States">Permanent Council</a>, the Inter-American Council for Integral Development, and a number of committees. </p><p>The General Secretariat of the Organization of American States consists of six <a href="/wiki/Secretariat_(administrative_office)" title="Secretariat (administrative office)">secretariats</a>. </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Organization_of_American_States_Secretariat_for_Political_Affairs" title="Organization of American States Secretariat for Political Affairs">Secretariat for Political Affairs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Executive_Secretary_for_Integral_Development" title="Executive Secretary for Integral Development">Executive Secretariat for Integral Development</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Organization_of_American_States_Secretariat_for_Multidimensional_Security" title="Organization of American States Secretariat for Multidimensional Security">Secretariat for Multidimensional Security</a></li> <li>Secretariat for Administration and Finance</li> <li>Secretariat for Legal Affairs</li> <li>Secretariat for External Relations</li></ul> <p>The various committees of the Organization of American States include: </p> <ul><li>The Committee on Juridical and Political Affairs</li> <li>The Committee on Administrative and Budgetary Affairs</li> <li>The Committee on Hemispheric Security</li> <li>The Committee on Inter-American Summits Management and Civil Society Participation in OAS Activities</li></ul> <p>The various commissions of the Organization of American States include: </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Inter-American_Commission_of_Women" title="Inter-American Commission of Women">Inter-American Commission of Women</a> (CIM)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Inter-American_Commission_on_Human_Rights" title="Inter-American Commission on Human Rights">Inter-American Commission on Human Rights</a> (CIDH)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Inter-American_Telecommunication_Commission" title="Inter-American Telecommunication Commission">Inter-American Telecommunication Commission</a> (CITEL)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Funding">Funding</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Organization_of_American_States&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Funding"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The OAS has two funds, one for the General Secretariat, and one for specific programs and initiatives. The General Assembly asks for contributions from each member country based on its capacity to pay. In 2018 the General Secretariat's budget was $85 million of which the US contributed $50 million. In 2017 the US contributed $17 million to the fund for specific programs which was almost a third of the total contributions for that year.<sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="General_Assembly">General Assembly</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Organization_of_American_States&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: General Assembly"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/General_Assembly_of_the_Organization_of_American_States" title="General Assembly of the Organization of American States">General Assembly of the Organization of American States</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Organization_of_American_States_General_Assembly.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Organization_of_American_States_General_Assembly.jpg/220px-Organization_of_American_States_General_Assembly.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Organization_of_American_States_General_Assembly.jpg/330px-Organization_of_American_States_General_Assembly.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Organization_of_American_States_General_Assembly.jpg/440px-Organization_of_American_States_General_Assembly.jpg 2x" data-file-width="514" data-file-height="341" /></a><figcaption>A session of the OAS's 35th General Assembly in <a href="/wiki/Fort_Lauderdale,_Florida" title="Fort Lauderdale, Florida">Fort Lauderdale, Florida</a>, in June 2005</figcaption></figure> <p>The <a href="/wiki/General_Assembly_of_the_Organization_of_American_States" title="General Assembly of the Organization of American States">General Assembly</a> is the supreme decision-making body of OAS. It convenes once every year in a regular session. In special circumstances, and with the approval of two-thirds of the member states, the <a href="/wiki/Permanent_Council_of_the_Organization_of_American_States" title="Permanent Council of the Organization of American States">Permanent Council</a> can convene special sessions. </p><p>The Organization's member states take turns hosting the General Assembly on a rotating basis. The states are represented at its sessions by their chosen delegates: generally, their ministers of foreign affairs, or their appointed deputies. Each state has one vote, and most matters are settled by a majority vote, except for those for which the Charter or the General Assembly's own rules of procedure specifically require a two-thirds majority. </p><p>The General Assembly's powers include setting the OAS's general course and policies by means of resolutions and declarations; approving its budget and determining the contributions payable by the member states; approving the reports and previous year's actions of the OAS's specialized agencies; and electing members to serve on those agencies. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Membership_and_adhesions">Membership and adhesions</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Organization_of_American_States&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Membership and adhesions"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">For a more comprehensive list, see <a href="/wiki/Member_states_of_the_Organization_of_American_States" title="Member states of the Organization of American States">Member states of the Organization of American States</a>.</div> <p>Upon its foundation in 1948, the OAS had 21 members, most of them in <a href="/wiki/Latin_America" title="Latin America">Latin America</a>: </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1184024115">.mw-parser-output .div-col{margin-top:0.3em;column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .div-col-small{font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .div-col-rules{column-rule:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .div-col dl,.mw-parser-output .div-col ol,.mw-parser-output .div-col ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .div-col li,.mw-parser-output .div-col dd{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}</style><div class="div-col" style="column-width: 15em;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Argentina" title="Argentina">Argentina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bolivia" title="Bolivia">Bolivia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brazil" title="Brazil">Brazil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chile" title="Chile">Chile</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Colombia" title="Colombia">Colombia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Costa_Rica" title="Costa Rica">Costa Rica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cuba" title="Cuba">Cuba</a><sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>Note 2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dominican_Republic" title="Dominican Republic">Dominican Republic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ecuador" title="Ecuador">Ecuador</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/El_Salvador" title="El Salvador">El Salvador</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guatemala" title="Guatemala">Guatemala</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haiti" title="Haiti">Haiti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Honduras" title="Honduras">Honduras</a><sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>Note 3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mexico" title="Mexico">Mexico</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nicaragua" title="Nicaragua">Nicaragua</a><sup id="cite_ref-NIC_43-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NIC-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>Note 4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Panama" title="Panama">Panama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paraguay" title="Paraguay">Paraguay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peru" title="Peru">Peru</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uruguay" title="Uruguay">Uruguay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Venezuela" title="Venezuela">Venezuela</a><sup id="cite_ref-VEN_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-VEN-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>Note 1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> </div> <p>The later expansion of the OAS included <a href="/wiki/Canada" title="Canada">Canada</a> and the newly independent nations of the <a href="/wiki/Caribbean" title="Caribbean">Caribbean</a>. Members with later admission dates (sorted chronologically): </p> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1184024115"><div class="div-col" style="column-width: 15em;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Barbados" title="Barbados">Barbados</a> (member since 1967)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trinidad_and_Tobago" title="Trinidad and Tobago">Trinidad and Tobago</a> (1967)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jamaica" title="Jamaica">Jamaica</a> (1969)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grenada" title="Grenada">Grenada</a> (1975)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suriname" title="Suriname">Suriname</a> (1977)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dominica" title="Dominica">Dominica</a> (1979)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint_Lucia" title="Saint Lucia">Saint Lucia</a> (1979)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antigua_and_Barbuda" title="Antigua and Barbuda">Antigua and Barbuda</a> (1981)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint_Vincent_and_the_Grenadines" title="Saint Vincent and the Grenadines">Saint Vincent and the Grenadines</a> (1981)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bahamas" class="mw-redirect" title="Bahamas">Bahamas</a> (1982)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint_Kitts_and_Nevis" title="Saint Kitts and Nevis">Saint Kitts and Nevis</a> (1984)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canada" title="Canada">Canada</a> (1990)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Belize" title="Belize">Belize</a> (1991)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guyana" title="Guyana">Guyana</a> (1991)</li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Canada_and_the_OAS">Canada and the OAS</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Organization_of_American_States&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Canada and the OAS"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Although admission into OAS's predecessor, the Pan American Union, was initially restricted to republics, several overtures were still made for Canada to join the organization in 1928, 1933, 1936, and 1938. During the 1936 Pan American Union Conference, the organization extended its membership from only "American republics" to "American states" to accommodate Canada's admission as a constitutional monarchy.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPharand1986432_44-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEPharand1986432-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, U.S. opposition to Canadian membership prevented their admittance, with the U.S. fearing the admittance of Canada to the OAS would bring with it British influence that could impede its freedom of action within the organization. The U.S. reversed its position on Canadian membership in 1947.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPharand1986433_45-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEPharand1986433-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, by that time, Canadian foreign policy had adopted an <a href="/wiki/Atlanticist" class="mw-redirect" title="Atlanticist">Atlanticist</a> position with a European focus;<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPharand1986454_46-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEPharand1986454-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> resulting in the Canadian government seeing little value in pursuing OAS membership.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPharand1986433_45-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEPharand1986433-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>From the 1960s to the 1980s, the Canadian government expressed some interest in joining the OAS, having successfully applied for permanent observer status in 1972 to evaluate potential membership.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPharand1986436_47-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEPharand1986436-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the 1980s, the Canadian government incrementally increased its participation in OAS activities.<sup id="cite_ref-48" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Canada signed the Charter of the Organization of American States in 1989. Canada's membership in the OAS was formalized when the decision was ratified in 1990.<sup id="cite_ref-49" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2004 and 2005, Canada was the second largest contributor to the OAS, with an annual assessed contribution representing 12.36 percent of the OAS Regular Budget (US$9.2 million) and an additional C$9 million in voluntary contributions to specific projects.<sup id="cite_ref-50" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-51" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Shortly after joining as a full member, Canada was instrumental in the creation of the Unit for the Promotion of Democracy, which provides support for the strengthening and consolidation of democratic processes and institutions in OAS member states.<sup id="cite_ref-52" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="noprint Inline-Template noprint Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:No_original_research#Primary,_secondary_and_tertiary_sources" title="Wikipedia:No original research"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable secondary sources. (November 2021)">non-primary source needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Sanctions_against_the_Dominican_Republic_during_Trujillo_regime">Sanctions against the Dominican Republic during Trujillo regime</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Organization_of_American_States&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Sanctions against the Dominican Republic during Trujillo regime"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Assassination_attempt_of_R%C3%B3mulo_Betancourt" class="mw-redirect" title="Assassination attempt of Rómulo Betancourt">Assassination attempt of Rómulo Betancourt</a></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1251242444"><table class="box-More_citations_needed_section plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Refimprove" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Question_book-new.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/50px-Question_book-new.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/75px-Question_book-new.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/100px-Question_book-new.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="399" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This section <b>needs additional citations for <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">verification</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help <a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Organization_of_American_States" title="Special:EditPage/Organization of American States">improve this article</a> by <a href="/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners" title="Help:Referencing for beginners">adding citations to reliable sources</a> in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.</span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">November 2021</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>During the 6th Conference of Foreign Ministers of the Organization of American States (OAS) in <a href="/wiki/Costa_Rica" title="Costa Rica">Costa Rica</a>, from 16 to 20 August 1960, a conviction against the State of the Dominican Republic was agreed to unanimously. The penalty was motivated because the foreign ministers checked the veracity of the claim that the <a href="/wiki/Rafael_Trujillo" title="Rafael Trujillo">Rafael Trujillo</a> regime had sponsored an attack against <a href="/wiki/R%C3%B3mulo_Betancourt" title="Rómulo Betancourt">Rómulo Betancourt</a>, at that time the constitutional president of Venezuela. The meeting was attended by foreign ministers from 21 American nations, including <a href="/wiki/Cuba" title="Cuba">Cuba</a>, which at that time had not yet been expelled from the inter-American system. </p><p>All countries, including the <a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a> and <a href="/wiki/Haiti" title="Haiti">Haiti</a>, broke off diplomatic relations with the Dominican Republic. Additionally an economic blockade that affected the exports of sugar was applied, which at that time was the pillar of the Dominican economy. </p><p>It was the first application of the <a href="/wiki/Inter-American_Treaty_of_Reciprocal_Assistance" title="Inter-American Treaty of Reciprocal Assistance">Inter-American Treaty of Reciprocal Assistance</a>, which had been adopted at the OAS on 29 July 1960. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Status_of_Cuba">Status of Cuba</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Organization_of_American_States&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Status of Cuba"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information: <a href="/wiki/Cuba%E2%80%93OAS_relations" title="Cuba–OAS relations">Cuba–OAS relations</a></div> <p>The current government of Cuba was excluded from participation in the Organization under a decision adopted by the Eighth Meeting of Consultation in <a href="/wiki/Punta_del_Este" title="Punta del Este">Punta del Este</a>, <a href="/wiki/Uruguay" title="Uruguay">Uruguay</a>, on 31 January 1962. The vote was passed by 14 in favor, with one against (Cuba) and six abstentions (Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Ecuador, and Mexico). The operative part of the resolution reads as follows: </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1244412712">.mw-parser-output .templatequote{overflow:hidden;margin:1em 0;padding:0 32px}.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{line-height:1.5em;text-align:left;margin-top:0}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{padding-left:1.6em}}</style><blockquote class="templatequote"><div style="clear:both;" class=""></div> <ol><li>That adherence by any member of the Organization of American States to Marxism-Leninism is incompatible with the inter-American system and the alignment of such a government with the communist bloc breaks the unity and solidarity of the continents.</li> <li>That the present Government of Cuba, which has officially identified itself as a Marxist-Leninist government, was incompatible with the principles and objectives of the inter-American system.</li> <li>That this incompatibility excluded the present Government of Cuba from participation in the inter-American system.<sup id="cite_ref-53" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ol> </blockquote> <p>This meant that the Cuban nation was still technically a member state, but that the current government was denied the right of representation and attendance at meetings and of participation in activities. The OAS's position was that although Cuba's participation was suspended, its obligations under the Charter, the <a href="/wiki/American_Declaration_of_the_Rights_and_Duties_of_Man" title="American Declaration of the Rights and Duties of Man">American Declaration of the Rights and Duties of Man</a>, etc. still hold: for instance, the <a href="/wiki/Inter-American_Commission_on_Human_Rights" title="Inter-American Commission on Human Rights">Inter-American Commission on Human Rights</a> continues to publish reports on Cuba's human rights situation and to hear individual cases involving Cuban nationals. However, this stance was occasionally questioned by other individual member states. </p><p>The resolution to exclude Cuba was controversial when it was adopted, and the reintegration of Cuba into the Inter-American system has remained a frequent source of contention among the countries of the hemisphere ever since.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_54-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Cuba's position was stated in an official note sent to the Organization "merely as a courtesy" by Minister of Foreign Affairs <a href="/wiki/Ra%C3%BAl_Roa" class="mw-redirect" title="Raúl Roa">Raúl Roa</a> on 4 November 1964: "Cuba was arbitrarily excluded ... The Organization of American States has no juridical, factual, or moral jurisdiction, nor competence, over a state which it has illegally deprived of its rights."<sup id="cite_ref-55" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The reincorporation of Cuba as an active member regularly arose as a topic within the inter-American system –  for instance, it was intimated by the outgoing ambassador of Mexico in 1998<sup id="cite_ref-56" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> – but most observers did not see it as a serious possibility while the present government remained in power. Since 1960, the Cuban administration had repeatedly characterized the OAS as the "Ministry of Colonies" of the United States of America.<sup id="cite_ref-57" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-58" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Fidel_Castro" title="Fidel Castro">Fidel Castro</a> and his brother <a href="/wiki/Ra%C3%BAl_Castro" title="Raúl Castro">Raúl</a> attacked the OAS as a "Yankee bordello" and "instrument of imperialist domination" and vowed that Cuba would never join, although OAS rescinded the nation's expulsion in 2009 and invited it to apply for readmission.<sup id="cite_ref-59" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-60" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-60"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/President_of_Venezuela" title="President of Venezuela">Venezuelan President</a> <a href="/wiki/Hugo_Ch%C3%A1vez" title="Hugo Chávez">Hugo Chávez</a> promised to veto any final declaration of the 2009 <a href="/wiki/Summit_of_the_Americas" title="Summit of the Americas">Summit of the Americas</a> due to Cuba's exclusion.<sup id="cite_ref-61" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-61"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On 17 April 2009, after a "trading of warm words" between the administrations of U.S. President <a href="/wiki/Barack_Obama" title="Barack Obama">Barack Obama</a> and Cuban leader <a href="/wiki/Ra%C3%BAl_Castro" title="Raúl Castro">Raúl Castro</a>, OAS Secretary General <a href="/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_Miguel_Insulza" title="José Miguel Insulza">José Miguel Insulza</a> said he would ask the 2009 General Assembly to annul the 1962 resolution excluding Cuba.<sup id="cite_ref-62" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-62"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On 3 June 2009, foreign ministers assembled in <a href="/wiki/San_Pedro_Sula" title="San Pedro Sula">San Pedro Sula</a>, <a href="/wiki/Honduras" title="Honduras">Honduras</a>, for the OAS's 39th <a href="/wiki/General_Assembly_of_the_Organization_of_American_States" title="General Assembly of the Organization of American States">General Assembly</a>, passed a vote to lift Cuba's suspension from the OAS. The United States had been pressuring the OAS for weeks to condition Cuba's readmission to the group on democratic principles and commitment to human rights. Ecuador's Foreign Minister <a href="/wiki/Fander_Falcon%C3%AD" title="Fander Falconí">Fander Falconí</a> said there will be no such conditions. "This is a new proposal, it has no conditions—of any kind," Falconí said. "That suspension was made in the <a href="/wiki/Cold_War" title="Cold War">Cold War</a>, in the language of the Cold War. What we have done here is fix a historic error."<sup id="cite_ref-63" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-63"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The suspension was lifted at the end of the General Assembly, but, to be readmitted to the Organization, Cuba will need to comply with all the treaties signed by the Member States, including the <a href="/wiki/Inter-American_Democratic_Charter" title="Inter-American Democratic Charter">Inter-American Democratic Charter</a> of 2001.<sup id="cite_ref-64" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-64"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A statement issued by the Cuban government on 8 June 2009 stated that while Cuba welcomed the Assembly's gesture, in light of the Organization's historical record "Cuba will not return to the OAS."<sup id="cite_ref-65" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-65"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>61<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Suspension_of_Honduras_(2009–2011)"><span id="Suspension_of_Honduras_.282009.E2.80.932011.29"></span>Suspension of Honduras (2009–2011)</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Organization_of_American_States&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Suspension of Honduras (2009–2011)"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Suspensi%C3%B3n_de_Honduras_de_la_OEA.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/Suspensi%C3%B3n_de_Honduras_de_la_OEA.jpg/220px-Suspensi%C3%B3n_de_Honduras_de_la_OEA.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="158" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/Suspensi%C3%B3n_de_Honduras_de_la_OEA.jpg/330px-Suspensi%C3%B3n_de_Honduras_de_la_OEA.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/Suspensi%C3%B3n_de_Honduras_de_la_OEA.jpg/440px-Suspensi%C3%B3n_de_Honduras_de_la_OEA.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2222" data-file-height="1599" /></a><figcaption>The OAS's Extraordinary Assembly voted to suspend <a href="/wiki/Honduras" title="Honduras">Honduras</a> on 5 July 2009, during the <a href="/wiki/2009_Honduran_constitutional_crisis" title="2009 Honduran constitutional crisis">2009 Honduran constitutional crisis</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p>Following <a href="/wiki/2009_Honduran_constitutional_crisis" title="2009 Honduran constitutional crisis">the expulsion of its President</a> <a href="/wiki/Manuel_Zelaya" title="Manuel Zelaya">Manuel Zelaya</a>, Honduras' membership of the Organization was suspended unanimously at midnight on 5 July 2009.<sup id="cite_ref-Americas_group_suspends_Honduras_66-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Americas_group_suspends_Honduras-66"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <i><a href="/wiki/De_facto" title="De facto">de facto</a></i> government had already announced it was leaving the OAS hours earlier; this was not, however, taken into account by the OAS, which did not recognize that government as legitimate.<sup id="cite_ref-Honduras_leaders_pull_out_of_OAS_67-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Honduras_leaders_pull_out_of_OAS-67"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>63<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> An extraordinary meeting had been conducted by the OAS in Washington, D.C., with Zelaya in attendance.<sup id="cite_ref-Americas_group_suspends_Honduras_66-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Americas_group_suspends_Honduras-66"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-OAS_expels_Honduras'_membership_over_coup_68-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-OAS_expels_Honduras'_membership_over_coup-68"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>64<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Organisation_of_American_States_suspends_Honduras_over_coup_69-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Organisation_of_American_States_suspends_Honduras_over_coup-69"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>65<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The suspension of Honduras was approved unanimously with 33 votes (Honduras did not vote).<sup id="cite_ref-Americas_group_suspends_Honduras_66-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Americas_group_suspends_Honduras-66"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Organisation_of_American_States_suspends_Honduras_over_coup_69-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Organisation_of_American_States_suspends_Honduras_over_coup-69"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>65<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This was the first suspension carried out by the OAS since that of Cuba in 1962.<sup id="cite_ref-Americas_group_suspends_Honduras_66-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Americas_group_suspends_Honduras-66"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Organisation_of_American_States_suspends_Honduras_over_coup_69-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Organisation_of_American_States_suspends_Honduras_over_coup-69"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>65<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>After Zelaya's return to Honduras in 2011, the country was re-admitted to the Organization on 1 June 2011 with 32 votes in favor and 1 (Ecuador) against. Venezuela expressed some reservations.<sup id="cite_ref-70" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-70"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>66<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Status_of_Venezuela">Status of Venezuela</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Organization_of_American_States&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Status of Venezuela"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>On 28 April 2017, Venezuela notified the OAS of its denunciation of the Charter of the OAS, which as per Article 143 would lead to the withdrawal of Venezuela from the OAS effective two years from the date of notification.<sup id="cite_ref-VZWD_29-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-VZWD-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> During this period, the country did not plan on participating in the OAS.<sup id="cite_ref-71" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-71"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>67<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>During the <a href="/wiki/2019_Venezuelan_presidential_crisis" class="mw-redirect" title="2019 Venezuelan presidential crisis">2019 Venezuelan presidential crisis</a>, the <a href="/wiki/President_of_the_National_Assembly_of_Venezuela" title="President of the National Assembly of Venezuela">President of the National Assembly of Venezuela</a> <a href="/wiki/Juan_Guaid%C3%B3" title="Juan Guaidó">Juan Guaidó</a>, who was recognized by the <a href="/wiki/National_Assembly_(Venezuela)" class="mw-redirect" title="National Assembly (Venezuela)">National Assembly</a> as the acting president, sent a letter to the OAS Secretary General annulling the previous denunciation of the OAS Charter, and expressing his desire for Venezuela to remain a member of the OAS.<sup id="cite_ref-VZWD_29-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-VZWD-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The National Assembly designated a special envoy as representative to the OAS, lawyer <a href="/wiki/Gustavo_Tarre_Brice%C3%B1o" class="mw-redirect" title="Gustavo Tarre Briceño">Gustavo Tarre Briceño</a>, who the OAS voted to recognize as Venezuela's delegate in April.<sup id="cite_ref-VZSE_30-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-VZSE-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-VZGD_31-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-VZGD-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:3_32-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:3-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In October 2022, a bloc of leftist OAS member states led a motion to remove Tarre's representation in the organization. Out of 35 members, 19 nations voted in favor of the motion and 4 against. The motion fell short of the 24 votes required for a two-thirds majority.<sup id="cite_ref-72" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-72"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>68<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Status_of_Nicaragua">Status of Nicaragua</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Organization_of_American_States&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Status of Nicaragua"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>On 7 November 2021, Nicaragua held a <a href="/wiki/2021_Nicaraguan_general_election" title="2021 Nicaraguan general election">general election</a> which saw President <a href="/wiki/Daniel_Ortega" title="Daniel Ortega">Daniel Ortega</a> re-elected to a fourth term in office.<sup id="cite_ref-73" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-73"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>69<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In a vote by the OAS Permanent Council, 25 member states voted in favour of a resolution condemning the election. Seven countries, including Mexico, Honduras and Bolivia, abstained. The motion stated that the election was "not free, fair or transparent and lack[s] democratic legitimacy" and also instructed the Permanent Council to undertake an assessment of the situation and "take appropriate action".<sup id="cite_ref-74" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-74"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>70<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In response to this statement, Nicaraguan Foreign Minister <a href="/w/index.php?title=Denis_Moncada&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Denis Moncada (page does not exist)">Denis Moncada</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Denis_Moncada" class="extiw" title="es:Denis Moncada">es</a>]</span> announced on 19 November that Nicaragua would leave the OAS.<sup id="cite_ref-WaPo_42-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-WaPo-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Moncada called the bloc "an instrument of interference and intervention" and accused it of "facilitating the hegemony of the United States with its interventionism over the countries of Latin America and the Caribbean."<sup id="cite_ref-75" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-75"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>71<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-76" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-76"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>72<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> According to Article 143 of the OAS Charter, the process to withdraw from the organization takes two years after its announcement.<sup id="cite_ref-77" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-77"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>73<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In April 2022, Nicaragua announced that it had completed its withdrawal from the OAS. It said the OAS offices in Managua had been closed. The OAS stated that, due to the terms of treaty, the withdrawal would not take effect until 2023.<sup id="cite_ref-78" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-78"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>74<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Nicaragua eventually completed its withdrawal from the OAS on 19 November that year.<sup id="cite_ref-79" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-79"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>75<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Permanent_observers">Permanent observers</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Organization_of_American_States&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Permanent observers"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>As of 31 January 2014, there are 69 permanent observer countries including the four countries with territory or territories in the Americas—Denmark, France, the Netherlands, and the United Kingdom; as well as the <a href="/wiki/European_Union" title="European Union">European Union</a> and <a href="/wiki/India" title="India">India</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-80" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-80"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>76<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-81" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-81"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>77<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-82" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-82"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>78<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In March 2022, the OAS voted to suspend <a href="/wiki/Russia" title="Russia">Russia</a> as a permanent observer due to the <a href="/wiki/2022_Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine" class="mw-redirect" title="2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine">2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-83" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-83"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>79<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Official_languages">Official languages</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Organization_of_American_States&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Official languages"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Socha_Izabely_I_Katolickej.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/75/Socha_Izabely_I_Katolickej.JPG/220px-Socha_Izabely_I_Katolickej.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/75/Socha_Izabely_I_Katolickej.JPG/330px-Socha_Izabely_I_Katolickej.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/75/Socha_Izabely_I_Katolickej.JPG/440px-Socha_Izabely_I_Katolickej.JPG 2x" data-file-width="700" data-file-height="467" /></a><figcaption>Statue of <a href="/wiki/Isabella_I_of_Castile" title="Isabella I of Castile">Isabella I of Castile</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Catholic_Church" title="Catholic Church">Catholic</a> Queen in front of the seat of the OAS headquarters in <a href="/wiki/Washington,_D.C." title="Washington, D.C.">Washington, D.C.</a></figcaption></figure> <p>The Organization's <a href="/wiki/Official_languages" class="mw-redirect" title="Official languages">official languages</a> are <a href="/wiki/Spanish_language_in_the_Americas" title="Spanish language in the Americas">Spanish</a>, <a href="/wiki/Portuguese_language_in_the_Americas" title="Portuguese language in the Americas">Portuguese</a>, <a href="/wiki/American_French" title="American French">French</a>, and <a href="/wiki/American_English" title="American English">English</a>. The Charter, the basic instrument governing OAS, makes no reference to the use of official languages. These references are to be found in the Rules of Procedure governing the various OAS bodies. Article 51 of the Rules of Procedure of the General Assembly,<sup id="cite_ref-84" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-84"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>80<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> the supreme body of the OAS, which meets once a year, states that English, French, Portuguese, and Spanish are the four official languages. Article 28 stipulates that a Style Committee shall be set up with representatives of the four official languages to review the General Assembly resolutions and declarations. Article 53 states that proposals shall be presented in the four official languages. The Rules of Procedure and Statutes of other bodies, such as the Inter-American Council for Integral Development (CIDI), the Permanent Executive Committee of the Inter-American Council for Integral Development (CEPCIDI), the <a href="/wiki/Inter-American_Commission_of_Women" title="Inter-American Commission of Women">Inter-American Commission of Women</a> (CIM), the Inter-American Drug Abuse Control Commission (CICAD), the <a href="/wiki/Inter-American_Commission_on_Human_Rights" title="Inter-American Commission on Human Rights">Inter-American Commission on Human Rights</a> (IACHR) and the Inter-American Juridical Committee (CJI), technical bodies of the OAS, also mention the four official languages in which their meetings are to be conducted. Policy is therefore dictated through these instruments that require use of the four official languages at meetings.<sup id="cite_ref-85" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-85"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>81<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Although a number of other languages have official status in one or more member states of OAS (<a href="/wiki/Surinamese_Dutch" title="Surinamese Dutch">Dutch</a> in Suriname; <a href="/wiki/Haitian_Creole_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Haitian Creole language">Haitian Creole</a> alongside French in Haiti; <a href="/wiki/Quechua_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Quechua language">Quechua</a> and <a href="/wiki/Aymara_language" title="Aymara language">Aymara</a> in Peru, Ecuador and Bolivia; <a href="/wiki/Guaran%C3%AD_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Guaraní language">Guaraní</a> in Paraguay), they are not official languages of the Organization. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Specialized_agencies">Specialized agencies</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Organization_of_American_States&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: Specialized agencies"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The OAS has five specialized agencies:<sup id="cite_ref-OAS_-_Organization_of_American_States_1996_86-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-OAS_-_Organization_of_American_States_1996-86"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>82<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pan_American_Health_Organization" title="Pan American Health Organization">Pan American Health Organization</a> (PAHO)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Inter-American_Children%27s_Institute&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Inter-American Children's Institute (page does not exist)">Inter-American Children's Institute</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Instituto_Interamericano_del_Ni%C3%B1o" class="extiw" title="es:Instituto Interamericano del Niño">es</a>]</span> (IIN)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Inter-American_Commission_of_Women" title="Inter-American Commission of Women">Inter-American Commission of Women</a> (CIM)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pan-American_Institute_of_Geography_and_History" class="mw-redirect" title="Pan-American Institute of Geography and History">Pan-American Institute of Geography and History</a> (PAIGH)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Inter-American_Institute_for_Cooperation_on_Agriculture&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Inter-American Institute for Cooperation on Agriculture (page does not exist)">Inter-American Institute for Cooperation on Agriculture</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Instituto_Interamericano_de_Cooperaci%C3%B3n_para_la_Agricultura" class="extiw" title="es:Instituto Interamericano de Cooperación para la Agricultura">es</a>]</span> (IICA)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Organization_of_American_States&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1259569809">.mw-parser-output .portalbox{padding:0;margin:0.5em 0;display:table;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:175px;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portalborder{border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);padding:0.1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa)}.mw-parser-output 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data-file-height="160" /></a></span></span><span class="portalbox-link"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Politics" title="Portal:Politics">Politics portal</a></span></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/African_Union" title="African Union">African Union</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Community_of_Latin_American_and_Caribbean_States" title="Community of Latin American and Caribbean States">Community of Latin American and Caribbean States</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_Union" title="European Union">European Union</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flag_of_the_Organization_of_American_States" title="Flag of the Organization of American States">Flag of the Organization of American States</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Organization_of_Ibero-American_States" title="Organization of Ibero-American States">Organization of Ibero-American States</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Regional_integration" title="Regional integration">Regional integration</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rio_Group" title="Rio Group">Rio Group</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rio_Pact" class="mw-redirect" title="Rio Pact">Rio Pact</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Statues_of_the_Liberators" title="Statues of the Liberators">Statues of the Liberators</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Union_of_South_American_Nations" title="Union of South American Nations">Union of South American Nations</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Organization_of_American_States&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: Notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-VEN-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-VEN_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-VEN_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">On 28 April 2017, Venezuela notified the OAS of its denunciation of the Charter of the OAS, which as per Article 143 would lead to the withdraw of Venezuela from the OAS effective two years from the date of notification.<sup id="cite_ref-VZWD_29-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-VZWD-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> During the <a href="/wiki/2019_Venezuelan_presidential_crisis" class="mw-redirect" title="2019 Venezuelan presidential crisis">2019 Venezuelan presidential crisis</a>, the <a href="/wiki/President_of_the_National_Assembly_of_Venezuela" title="President of the National Assembly of Venezuela">President of the National Assembly of Venezuela</a> <a href="/wiki/Juan_Guaid%C3%B3" title="Juan Guaidó">Juan Guaidó</a>, who was recognized by the <a href="/wiki/National_Assembly_(Venezuela)" class="mw-redirect" title="National Assembly (Venezuela)">National Assembly</a> as the acting president, sent a letter to the OAS Secretary General annulling the previous denunciation of the OAS Charter, and expressing his desire for Venezuela to remain a member of the OAS.<sup id="cite_ref-VZWD_29-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-VZWD-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The National Assembly designated a special envoy as representative to the OAS, who the OAS voted to recognize as Venezuela's delegate in April.<sup id="cite_ref-VZSE_30-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-VZSE-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-VZGD_31-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-VZGD-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-39"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-39">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Suspended from 1962 to 2009, however the Cuban government has stated it does not intend to resume participation in the organization. See <a href="/wiki/Cuba%E2%80%93OAS_relations" title="Cuba–OAS relations">Cuba–OAS relations</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-41"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-41">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Suspended between 2009–2011.<sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> See <a href="#Suspension_of_Honduras_(2009–2011)">Suspension of Honduras</a> below.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-NIC-43"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-NIC_43-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">On 19 November 2021, Nicaragua announced its intention to withdraw from the OAS. Per the terms of the charter, the process became effective two years following notification, on 19 November 2023.<sup id="cite_ref-WaPo_42-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-WaPo-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> See <a href="#Status_of_Nicaragua">Status of Nicaragua</a> below.</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Organization_of_American_States&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cfr.org/backgrounder/organization-american-states">"The Organization of American States"</a>. <i>Council on Foreign Relations</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">17 June</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Council+on+Foreign+Relations&rft.atitle=The+Organization+of+American+States&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cfr.org%2Fbackgrounder%2Forganization-american-states&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOrganization+of+American+States" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFOAS2009" class="citation web cs1">OAS (1 August 2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.oas.org/en/member_states/default.asp">"OAS - Organization of American States: Democracy for peace, security, and development"</a>. <i>www.oas.org</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">17 June</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.oas.org&rft.atitle=OAS+-+Organization+of+American+States%3A+Democracy+for+peace%2C+security%2C+and+development&rft.date=2009-08-01&rft.au=OAS&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.oas.org%2Fen%2Fmember_states%2Fdefault.asp&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOrganization+of+American+States" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cfr.org/backgrounder/organization-american-states">"The Organization of American States"</a>. Council on Foreign Relations.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Organization+of+American+States&rft.pub=Council+on+Foreign+Relations&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cfr.org%2Fbackgrounder%2Forganization-american-states&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOrganization+of+American+States" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFOAS2009" class="citation web cs1">OAS (1 August 2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.oas.org/en/about/secretary_general.asp">"OAS - Organization of American States: Democracy for peace, security, and development"</a>. <i>www.oas.org</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">1 November</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=OAS+readmits+Honduras+to+its+ranks&rft.date=2011-06-01&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cnn.com%2F2011%2FWORLD%2Famericas%2F06%2F01%2Fhonduras.oas%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOrganization+of+American+States" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-WaPo-42"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-WaPo_42-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-WaPo_42-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://apnews.com/article/nicaragua-daniel-ortega-bad9d689f5bb528f571f86e8a6e65c4e">"Nicaragua says it will leave Organization of American States"</a>. <i>Associated Press News</i>. 19 November 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 November</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Associated+Press+News&rft.atitle=Nicaragua+says+it+will+leave+Organization+of+American+States&rft.date=2021-11-19&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapnews.com%2Farticle%2Fnicaragua-daniel-ortega-bad9d689f5bb528f571f86e8a6e65c4e&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOrganization+of+American+States" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEPharand1986432-44"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPharand1986432_44-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFPharand1986">Pharand 1986</a>, p. 432.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEPharand1986433-45"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPharand1986433_45-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPharand1986433_45-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFPharand1986">Pharand 1986</a>, p. 433.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEPharand1986454-46"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPharand1986454_46-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFPharand1986">Pharand 1986</a>, p. 454.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEPharand1986436-47"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPharand1986436_47-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFPharand1986">Pharand 1986</a>, p. 436.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-48"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-48">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMcKenna1995" class="citation book cs1">McKenna, Peter (1995). <i>Canada and the OAS: From Dilettante to Full Partner</i>. McGill-Queen's University Press. p. 144. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0886292581" title="Special:BookSources/0886292581"><bdi>0886292581</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Canada+and+the+OAS%3A+From+Dilettante+to+Full+Partner&rft.pages=144&rft.pub=McGill-Queen%27s+University+Press&rft.date=1995&rft.isbn=0886292581&rft.aulast=McKenna&rft.aufirst=Peter&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOrganization+of+American+States" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-49"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-49">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFOAS2009" class="citation web cs1">OAS (August 2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.oas.org/en/sla/dil/inter_american_treaties_A-41_charter_OAS_signatories.asp#Canada">"Charter of the Organization of American States (a-41): Signatories and Ratifications"</a>. <i>OAS</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">28 December</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Proceedings+Volume+1&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.oas.org%2Fconsejo%2FGENERAL%2520ASSEMBLY%2FDocuments%2FAG04688E08.doc&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOrganization+of+American+States" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-65"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-65">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120219170708/http://www.granma.cu/ingles/2009/junio/lun8/Declaration.html">"Declaration of the Revolutionary Government"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Granma_(newspaper)" title="Granma (newspaper)">Granma</a></i>. 8 June 2009. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.granma.cu/ingles/2009/junio/lun8/Declaration.html">the original</a> on 19 February 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">15 June</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Granma&rft.atitle=Declaration+of+the+Revolutionary+Government&rft.date=2009-06-08&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.granma.cu%2Fingles%2F2009%2Fjunio%2Flun8%2FDeclaration.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOrganization+of+American+States" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Americas_group_suspends_Honduras-66"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Americas_group_suspends_Honduras_66-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Americas_group_suspends_Honduras_66-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Americas_group_suspends_Honduras_66-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Americas_group_suspends_Honduras_66-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/americas/8134699.stm">"Americas group suspends Honduras"</a>. BBC. 5 July 2009<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">5 July</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Americas+group+suspends+Honduras&rft.date=2009-07-05&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnews.bbc.co.uk%2F2%2Fhi%2Famericas%2F8134699.stm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOrganization+of+American+States" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Honduras_leaders_pull_out_of_OAS-67"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Honduras_leaders_pull_out_of_OAS_67-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rte.ie/news/2009/0704/honduras.html">"Honduras leaders pull out of OAS"</a>. <a href="/wiki/RT%C3%89" title="RTÉ">RTÉ</a>. 4 July 2009<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">5 July</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Honduras+leaders+pull+out+of+OAS&rft.pub=RT%C3%89&rft.date=2009-07-04&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.rte.ie%2Fnews%2F2009%2F0704%2Fhonduras.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOrganization+of+American+States" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-OAS_expels_Honduras'_membership_over_coup-68"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-OAS_expels_Honduras'_membership_over_coup_68-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.chinadaily.com.cn/world/2009-07/05/content_8379729.htm">"OAS expels Honduras' membership over coup"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/China_Daily" title="China Daily">China Daily</a></i>. 5 July 2009<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">5 July</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=China+Daily&rft.atitle=OAS+expels+Honduras%27+membership+over+coup&rft.date=2009-07-05&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.chinadaily.com.cn%2Fworld%2F2009-07%2F05%2Fcontent_8379729.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOrganization+of+American+States" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Organisation_of_American_States_suspends_Honduras_over_coup-69"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Organisation_of_American_States_suspends_Honduras_over_coup_69-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Organisation_of_American_States_suspends_Honduras_over_coup_69-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Organisation_of_American_States_suspends_Honduras_over_coup_69-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHipwell2009" class="citation news cs1">Hipwell, Deirdre (5 July 2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100529142805/http://www.timesonline.co.uk/tol/news/world/us_and_americas/article6640179.ece">"Organisation of American States suspends Honduras over coup"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Times" title="The Times">The Times</a></i>. London. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.timesonline.co.uk/tol/news/world/us_and_americas/article6640179.ece">the original</a> on 29 May 2010<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">5 July</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Times&rft.atitle=Organisation+of+American+States+suspends+Honduras+over+coup&rft.date=2009-07-05&rft.aulast=Hipwell&rft.aufirst=Deirdre&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.timesonline.co.uk%2Ftol%2Fnews%2Fworld%2Fus_and_americas%2Farticle6640179.ece&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOrganization+of+American+States" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-70"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-70">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.oas.org/en/media_center/press_release.asp?sCodigo=E-698/11">Press Releases :: E-698/11</a>. OAS. Retrieved on 12 July 2013.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-71"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-71">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/the_americas/venezuela-protesters-hit-by-tear-gas-vow-to-keep-pressure-on-government/2017/04/26/c6fbdcaa-29ee-11e7-9081-f5405f56d3e4_story.html">"Venezuela says it will quit Organization of American States"</a>. <i>Washington Post</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">27 April</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Washington+Post&rft.atitle=Venezuela+says+it+will+quit+Organization+of+American+States&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.washingtonpost.com%2Fworld%2Fthe_americas%2Fvenezuela-protesters-hit-by-tear-gas-vow-to-keep-pressure-on-government%2F2017%2F04%2F26%2Fc6fbdcaa-29ee-11e7-9081-f5405f56d3e4_story.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOrganization+of+American+States" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-72"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-72">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAquinoRochabrun2022" class="citation news cs1">Aquino, Marco; Rochabrun, Marcelo (7 October 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.reuters.com/world/americas/latin-americas-left-raises-pressure-venezuelas-guaido-oas-2022-10-06/">"Latin America's left raises pressure on Venezuela's Guaido at OAS summit"</a>. <i>Reuters</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">7 October</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Reuters&rft.atitle=Latin+America%27s+left+raises+pressure+on+Venezuela%27s+Guaido+at+OAS+summit&rft.date=2022-10-07&rft.aulast=Aquino&rft.aufirst=Marco&rft.au=Rochabrun%2C+Marcelo&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.reuters.com%2Fworld%2Famericas%2Flatin-americas-left-raises-pressure-venezuelas-guaido-oas-2022-10-06%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOrganization+of+American+States" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-73"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-73">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.france24.com/en/americas/20211108-biden-says-nicaragua-s-presidential-election-was-neither-free-nor-fair">"Biden calls Nicaragua's election a 'pantomime' that's 'neither free nor fair'<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a>. <i>France 24</i>. 8 November 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 November</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=France+24&rft.atitle=Biden+calls+Nicaragua%27s+election+a+%27pantomime%27+that%27s+%27neither+free+nor+fair%27&rft.date=2021-11-08&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.france24.com%2Fen%2Famericas%2F20211108-biden-says-nicaragua-s-presidential-election-was-neither-free-nor-fair&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOrganization+of+American+States" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-74"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-74">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.reuters.com/world/americas/oas-members-condemn-nicaragua-elections-urge-action-2021-11-13/">"OAS members condemn Nicaragua elections, urge action"</a>. <i>Reuters</i>. 13 November 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 November</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Reuters&rft.atitle=OAS+members+condemn+Nicaragua+elections%2C+urge+action&rft.date=2021-11-13&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.reuters.com%2Fworld%2Famericas%2Foas-members-condemn-nicaragua-elections-urge-action-2021-11-13%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOrganization+of+American+States" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-75"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-75">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.dw.com/en/nicaragua-decides-to-leave-oas-after-election-criticism/a-59884427">"Nicaragua decides to leave OAS after election criticism"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Deutsche_Welle" title="Deutsche Welle">Deutsche Welle</a></i>. 19 November 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 November</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Deutsche+Welle&rft.atitle=Nicaragua+decides+to+leave+OAS+after+election+criticism&rft.date=2021-11-19&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.dw.com%2Fen%2Fnicaragua-decides-to-leave-oas-after-election-criticism%2Fa-59884427&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOrganization+of+American+States" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-76"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-76">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKawsachun_News2021" class="citation web cs1">Kawsachun News [@KawsachunNews] (19 November 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://x.com/KawsachunNews/status/1461715434143633422">"Nicaragua's condemns the OAS as "an instrument of interference and intervention" adding that "it has as its mission to facilitate the hegemony of the United States with its interventionism against the countries of Latin America and the Caribbean."<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a> (<a href="/wiki/Tweet_(social_media)" title="Tweet (social media)">Tweet</a>)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 November</span> 2021</span> – via <a href="/wiki/Twitter" title="Twitter">Twitter</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Nicaragua%27s+condemns+the+OAS+as+%22an+instrument+of+interference+and+intervention%22+adding+that+%22it+has+as+its+mission+to+facilitate+the+hegemony+of+the+United+States+with+its+interventionism+against+the+countries+of+Latin+America+and+the+Caribbean.%22&rft.date=2021-11-19&rft.au=Kawsachun+News&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fx.com%2FKawsachunNews%2Fstatus%2F1461715434143633422&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOrganization+of+American+States" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-77"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-77">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMaldonado2021" class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Maldonado, Carlos Salinas (19 November 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://elpais.com/internacional/2021-11-19/ortega-anuncia-la-salida-de-la-oea-tras-el-rechazo-a-las-elecciones-de-nicaragua.html">"Ortega anuncia la salida de la OEA tras el rechazo a las elecciones de Nicaragua"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/El_Pa%C3%ADs" title="El País">El País</a></i> (in Spanish)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 November</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=El+Pa%C3%ADs&rft.atitle=Ortega+anuncia+la+salida+de+la+OEA+tras+el+rechazo+a+las+elecciones+de+Nicaragua&rft.date=2021-11-19&rft.aulast=Maldonado&rft.aufirst=Carlos+Salinas&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Felpais.com%2Finternacional%2F2021-11-19%2Fortega-anuncia-la-salida-de-la-oea-tras-el-rechazo-a-las-elecciones-de-nicaragua.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOrganization+of+American+States" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-78"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-78">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.msn.com/en-us/news/world/nicaragua-withdraws-from-regional-bloc-oas-after-election-row/ar-AAWyVBI">"Nicaragua withdraws from regional bloc OAS after election row"</a>. <i>MSN</i>. 25 April 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">25 April</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=MSN&rft.atitle=Nicaragua+withdraws+from+regional+bloc+OAS+after+election+row&rft.date=2022-04-25&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.msn.com%2Fen-us%2Fnews%2Fworld%2Fnicaragua-withdraws-from-regional-bloc-oas-after-election-row%2Far-AAWyVBI&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOrganization+of+American+States" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-79"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-79">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.state.gov/accountability-for-daniel-ortega-and-rosario-murillo-following-oas-departure/">"Accountability for Daniel Ortega and Rosario Murillo Following OAS Departure"</a>. U.S. Department of State. 19 November 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Accountability+for+Daniel+Ortega+and+Rosario+Murillo+Following+OAS+Departure&rft.pub=U.S.+Department+of+State&rft.date=2023-11-19&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.state.gov%2Faccountability-for-daniel-ortega-and-rosario-murillo-following-oas-departure%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOrganization+of+American+States" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-80"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-80">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.oas.org/en/media_center/press_release.asp?sCodigo=E-675/11">"OAS - Organization of American States: Democracy for peace, security, and development"</a>. <i>www.oas.org</i>. 1 August 2009.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.oas.org&rft.atitle=OAS+-+Organization+of+American+States%3A+Democracy+for+peace%2C+security%2C+and+development&rft.date=2009-08-01&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.oas.org%2Fen%2Fmedia_center%2Fpress_release.asp%3FsCodigo%3DE-675%2F11&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOrganization+of+American+States" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-81"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-81">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.oas.org/en/ser/dia/perm_observers/countries.asp">SER :: DIA :: Permanent Observers</a>. OAS. Retrieved on 12 July 2013.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-82"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-82">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140224053707/http://www.gov.me/en/News/135189/Montenegro-gains-observer-status-to-Organisation-of-American-States-OAS.html">"Montenegro Gains Observer Status to Organisation of American States"</a>. 4 February 2014. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.gov.me/en/News/135189/Montenegro-gains-observer-status-to-Organisation-of-American-States-OAS.html">the original</a> on 24 February 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">4 February</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Montenegro+Gains+Observer+Status+to+Organisation+of+American+States&rft.date=2014-02-04&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.gov.me%2Fen%2FNews%2F135189%2FMontenegro-gains-observer-status-to-Organisation-of-American-States-OAS.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOrganization+of+American+States" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-83"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-83">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.semana.com/mundo/articulo/preguntense-a-quien-hubiera-apoyado-simon-bolivar-dijo-zelenski-en-un-emotivo-discurso-ante-la-oea/202236/">"<span class="cs1-kern-left"></span>"Pregúntense a quién hubiera apoyado Simón Bolívar", dijo Zelenski en un emotivo discurso ante la OEA"</a>. 6 October 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%22Preg%C3%BAntense+a+qui%C3%A9n+hubiera+apoyado+Sim%C3%B3n+Bol%C3%ADvar%22%2C+dijo+Zelenski+en+un+emotivo+discurso+ante+la+OEA&rft.date=2022-10-06&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.semana.com%2Fmundo%2Farticulo%2Fpreguntense-a-quien-hubiera-apoyado-simon-bolivar-dijo-zelenski-en-un-emotivo-discurso-ante-la-oea%2F202236%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOrganization+of+American+States" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-84"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-84">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">General Assembly of the OAS, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.oas.org/juridico/english/agres_1737_xxxo00.htm">Amendments to the Rules of Procedure of the General Assembly</a>, 5 June 2000</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-85"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-85">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Marguerite Groves (Coordinator, Division of Language Services, OAS), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cslf.gouv.qc.ca/Seminaire/Conferences/MargueriteGroves.doc">Information on the use of language at the OAS: multilingualism</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070203222344/http://www.cslf.gouv.qc.ca/Seminaire/Conferences/MargueriteGroves.doc">Archived</a> 3 February 2007 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, <i>Inter-American Languages Management Seminar</i>, <a href="/wiki/Conseil_sup%C3%A9rieur_de_la_langue_fran%C3%A7aise_(Quebec)" title="Conseil supérieur de la langue française (Quebec)">Conseil supérieur de la langue française</a> (<a href="/wiki/Quebec" title="Quebec">Quebec</a>), <a href="/wiki/Quebec_City" title="Quebec City">Quebec City</a>, 20 to 22 August 2002</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-OAS_-_Organization_of_American_States_1996-86"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-OAS_-_Organization_of_American_States_1996_86-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.oas.org/en/about/specialized_organizations.asp">"OAS :: Our Structure : Specialized Organizations"</a>. <i>OAS - Organization of American States</i>. 29 January 1996<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">18 October</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=OAS+-+Organization+of+American+States&rft.atitle=OAS+%3A%3A+Our+Structure+%3A+Specialized+Organizations&rft.date=1996-01-29&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.oas.org%2Fen%2Fabout%2Fspecialized_organizations.asp&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOrganization+of+American+States" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Organization_of_American_States&action=edit&section=23" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPharand1986" class="citation journal cs1">Pharand, Donat (1986). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.7202%2F1059251ar">"Canada and the OAS: the Vacant Chair Revisited"</a>. <i>Revue générale de droit</i>. <b>17</b> (3): 429–454. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.7202%2F1059251ar">10.7202/1059251ar</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0035-3086">0035-3086</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:191749791">191749791</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Revue+g%C3%A9n%C3%A9rale+de+droit&rft.atitle=Canada+and+the+OAS%3A+the+Vacant+Chair+Revisited&rft.volume=17&rft.issue=3&rft.pages=429-454&rft.date=1986&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A191749791%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft.issn=0035-3086&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.7202%2F1059251ar&rft.aulast=Pharand&rft.aufirst=Donat&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdoi.org%2F10.7202%252F1059251ar&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOrganization+of+American+States" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Organization_of_American_States&action=edit&section=24" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style 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selflink">Organization of American States (OAS)</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Member_states_of_the_Organization_of_American_States" title="Member states of the Organization of American States">Members</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Antigua_and_Barbuda" title="Antigua and Barbuda">Antigua and Barbuda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Argentina" title="Argentina">Argentina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Bahamas" title="The Bahamas">Bahamas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barbados" title="Barbados">Barbados</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Belize" title="Belize">Belize</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bolivia" title="Bolivia">Bolivia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brazil" title="Brazil">Brazil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canada" title="Canada">Canada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chile" title="Chile">Chile</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Colombia" title="Colombia">Colombia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Costa_Rica" title="Costa Rica">Costa Rica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dominica" title="Dominica">Dominica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dominican_Republic" title="Dominican Republic">Dominican Republic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ecuador" title="Ecuador">Ecuador</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/El_Salvador" title="El Salvador">El Salvador</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grenada" title="Grenada">Grenada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guatemala" title="Guatemala">Guatemala</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guyana" title="Guyana">Guyana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haiti" title="Haiti">Haiti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Honduras" title="Honduras">Honduras</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jamaica" title="Jamaica">Jamaica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mexico" title="Mexico">Mexico</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Panama" title="Panama">Panama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paraguay" title="Paraguay">Paraguay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peru" title="Peru">Peru</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint_Kitts_and_Nevis" title="Saint Kitts and Nevis">Saint Kitts and Nevis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint_Lucia" title="Saint Lucia">Saint Lucia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint_Vincent_and_the_Grenadines" title="Saint Vincent and the Grenadines">Saint Vincent and the Grenadines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suriname" title="Suriname">Suriname</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trinidad_and_Tobago" title="Trinidad and Tobago">Trinidad and Tobago</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uruguay" title="Uruguay">Uruguay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Venezuela" title="Venezuela">Venezuela</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Organization</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/General_Assembly_of_the_Organization_of_American_States" title="General Assembly of the Organization of American States">General Assembly</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Organization_of_American_States_Secretariat_for_Political_Affairs" title="Organization of American States Secretariat for Political Affairs">Secretariat for Political Affairs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Executive_Secretary_for_Integral_Development" title="Executive Secretary for Integral Development">Secretariat for Integral Development</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Organization_of_American_States_Secretariat_for_Multidimensional_Security" title="Organization of American States Secretariat for Multidimensional Security">Secretariat for Multidimensional Security</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Inter-American_Commission_of_Women" title="Inter-American Commission of Women">Inter-American Commission of Women</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Inter-American_Commission_on_Human_Rights" title="Inter-American Commission on Human Rights">Inter-American Commission on Human Rights</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Inter-American_Telecommunication_Commission" title="Inter-American Telecommunication Commission">Inter-American Telecommunication Commission</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Inter-American_Court_of_Human_Rights" title="Inter-American Court of Human Rights">Inter-American Court of Human Rights</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pan_American_Union_Building" title="Pan American Union Building">Pan American Union Building</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Politics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Charter_of_the_Organization_of_American_States" title="Charter of the Organization of American States">Charter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Inter-American_Treaty_of_Reciprocal_Assistance" title="Inter-American Treaty of Reciprocal Assistance">Inter-American Treaty of Reciprocal Assistance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/American_Declaration_of_the_Rights_and_Duties_of_Man" title="American Declaration of the Rights and Duties of Man">American Declaration of the Rights and Duties of Man</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/American_Convention_on_Human_Rights" title="American Convention on Human Rights">American Convention on Human Rights</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pan-American_Conference" title="Pan-American Conference">Pan-American Conference</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Summit_of_the_Americas" title="Summit of the Americas">Summit of the Americas</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Pan-Americanism" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Pan-Americanism" title="Template:Pan-Americanism"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Pan-Americanism" title="Template talk:Pan-Americanism"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Pan-Americanism" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Pan-Americanism"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Pan-Americanism" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Pan-Americanism" title="Pan-Americanism">Pan-Americanism</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">History</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Spanish_American_wars_of_independence" title="Spanish American wars of independence">Spanish American wars of independence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Decolonization_of_the_Americas" title="Decolonization of the Americas">Decolonization of the Americas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Latin_American_integration" title="Latin American integration">Latin American integration</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_American_integration" title="North American integration">North American integration</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Patria_Grande" title="Patria Grande">Patria Grande</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sim%C3%B3n_Bol%C3%ADvar" title="Simón Bolívar">Simón Bolívar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_de_San_Mart%C3%ADn" title="José de San Martín">José de San Martín</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lucas_Alam%C3%A1n" title="Lucas Alamán">Lucas Alamán</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Inter-American_Commission_of_Women" title="Inter-American Commission of Women">Inter-American Commission of Women</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_involvement_in_regime_change_in_Latin_America" title="United States involvement in regime change in Latin America">United States involvement in regime change in Latin America</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Organizations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Amazon_Cooperation_Treaty_Organization" title="Amazon Cooperation Treaty Organization">Amazon Cooperation Treaty Organization (ACTO)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andean_Community" title="Andean Community">Andean Community (CAN)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Association_of_Caribbean_States" title="Association of Caribbean States">Association of Caribbean States (ACS)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ALBA" title="ALBA">Bolivarian Alliance for the Americas (ALBA)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caribbean_Community" title="Caribbean Community">Caribbean Community (CARICOM)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Central_American_Integration_System" title="Central American Integration System">Central American Integration System (SICA)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Community_of_Latin_American_and_Caribbean_States" title="Community of Latin American and Caribbean States">Community of Latin American and Caribbean States (CELAC)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Contadora_group" title="Contadora group">Contadora group</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Contadora_support_group" title="Contadora support group">Contadora support group</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Forum_for_the_Progress_and_Integration_of_South_America" title="Forum for the Progress and Integration of South America">Forum for the Progress and Integration of South America (PROSUR)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Latin_American_Economic_System" title="Latin American Economic System">Latin American Economic System (SELA)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Latin_American_Integration_Association" title="Latin American Integration Association">Latin American Integration Association (ALADI)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lima_Group" title="Lima Group">Lima Group (LG)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mercosur" title="Mercosur">Mercosur</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Organization of American States (OAS)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Organisation_of_Eastern_Caribbean_States" title="Organisation of Eastern Caribbean States">Organisation of Eastern Caribbean States (OECS)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Organization_of_Ibero-American_States" title="Organization of Ibero-American States">Organization of Ibero-American States (OEI)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pacific_Alliance" title="Pacific Alliance">Pacific Alliance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Petrocaribe" title="Petrocaribe">Petrocaribe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rio_Group" title="Rio Group">Rio Group</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Union_of_South_American_Nations" title="Union of South American Nations">Union of South American Nations (UNASUR)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Economic_Commission_for_Latin_America_and_the_Caribbean" title="United Nations Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean">United Nations Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean (ECLAC, CEPAL)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Pirate_Party" title="United States Pirate Party">United States Pirate Party (USPP)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Projects</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Andean_passport" title="Andean passport">Andean passport</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CARICOM_passport" title="CARICOM passport">CARICOM passport</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CARICOM_Single_Market_and_Economy" title="CARICOM Single Market and Economy">CARICOM Single Market and Economy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CARIPASS" title="CARIPASS">CARIPASS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Central_America-4_Border_Control_Agreement" title="Central America-4 Border Control Agreement">Central America-4 Border Control Agreement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Central_America-4_passport" title="Central America-4 passport">Central America-4 passport</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eastern_Caribbean_Currency_Union" title="Eastern Caribbean Currency Union">Eastern Caribbean Currency Union</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Initiative_for_the_Integration_of_the_Regional_Infrastructure_of_South_America" title="Initiative for the Integration of the Regional Infrastructure of South America">Initiative for the Integration of the Regional Infrastructure of South America (IIRSA)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Interoceanic_Highway" title="Interoceanic Highway">Interoceanic Highway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SUCRE" title="SUCRE">SUCRE</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Institutions</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Andean_Parliament" title="Andean Parliament">Andean Parliament</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bank_of_the_South" title="Bank of the South">Bank of the South</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caribbean_Court_of_Justice" title="Caribbean Court of Justice">Caribbean Court of Justice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caribbean_Development_Bank" title="Caribbean Development Bank">Caribbean Development Bank</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Central_American_Parliament" title="Central American Parliament">Central American Parliament</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CAF_%E2%80%93_Development_Bank_of_Latin_America_and_the_Caribbean" title="CAF – Development Bank of Latin America and the Caribbean">Development Bank of Latin America and the Caribbean (CAF)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Inter-American_Development_Bank" title="Inter-American Development Bank">Inter-American Development Bank</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Latin_American_Parliament" title="Latin American Parliament">Latin American Parliament</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mercosur_Parliament" title="Mercosur Parliament">Mercosur Parliament</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_American_Parliament" title="South American Parliament">South American Parliament</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Free_trade_area" title="Free trade area">Free trade areas</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Caribbean_Free_Trade_Association" title="Caribbean Free Trade Association">Caribbean Free Trade Association (CARIFTA)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CARIFORUM" title="CARIFORUM">CARIFORUM</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dominican_Republic%E2%80%93Central_America_Free_Trade_Agreement" title="Dominican Republic–Central America Free Trade Agreement">Dominican Republic–Central America Free Trade Agreement (CAFTA-DR)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economic_Partnership_Agreements" title="Economic Partnership Agreements">Economic Partnership Agreements</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Free_Trade_Area_of_the_Americas" title="Free Trade Area of the Americas">Free Trade Area of the Americas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/G3_Free_Trade_Agreement" title="G3 Free Trade Agreement">G3 Free Trade Agreement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States%E2%80%93Mexico%E2%80%93Canada_Agreement" title="United States–Mexico–Canada Agreement">United States–Mexico–Canada Agreement (USMCA)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Events</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pan_American_Games" title="Pan American Games">Pan American Games</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pan-Americanism#Congresses_and_conferences" title="Pan-Americanism">Pan-American Congress</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Regional_organizations" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Regional_organizations" title="Template:Regional organizations"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Regional_organizations" title="Template talk:Regional organizations"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Regional_organizations" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Regional organizations"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Regional_organizations" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Regional_organization" title="Regional organization">Regional organizations</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Bodies</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/African_Union" title="African Union">African Union</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amazon_Cooperation_Treaty_Organization" title="Amazon Cooperation Treaty Organization">Amazon Cooperation Treaty Organization</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arab_League" title="Arab League">Arab League</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arctic_Council" title="Arctic Council">Arctic Council</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ASEAN" title="ASEAN">Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Asia_Cooperation_Dialogue" title="Asia Cooperation Dialogue">Asia Cooperation Dialogue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Asia_Council" title="Asia Council">Asia Council</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Asia-Europe_Foundation" class="mw-redirect" title="Asia-Europe Foundation">Asia-Europe Foundation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Asia-Pacific_Economic_Cooperation" title="Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation">Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Assembly_of_European_Regions" title="Assembly of European Regions">Assembly of European Regions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Association_of_Caribbean_States" title="Association of Caribbean States">Association of Caribbean States</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AUKUS" title="AUKUS">AUKUS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bay_of_Bengal_Initiative_for_Multi-Sectoral_Technical_and_Economic_Cooperation" title="Bay of Bengal Initiative for Multi-Sectoral Technical and Economic Cooperation">Bay of Bengal Initiative for Multi-Sectoral Technical and Economic Cooperation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ALBA" title="ALBA">Bolivarian Alliance for the Peoples of Our America – Peoples' Trade Treaty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/British%E2%80%93Irish_Council" title="British–Irish Council">British–Irish Council</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bucharest_Nine" title="Bucharest Nine">Bucharest Nine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caribbean_Community" title="Caribbean Community">Caribbean Community (CARICOM)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Central_American_Integration_System" title="Central American Integration System">Central American Integration System</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Central_European_Free_Trade_Agreement" title="Central European Free Trade Agreement">Central European Free Trade Agreement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Central_European_Initiative" title="Central European Initiative">Central European Initiative</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Collective_Security_Treaty_Organization" title="Collective Security Treaty Organization">Collective Security Treaty Organization</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Commonwealth_of_Independent_States" title="Commonwealth of Independent States">Commonwealth of Independent States</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Commonwealth_of_Nations" title="Commonwealth of Nations">Commonwealth of Nations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Community_for_Democracy_and_Rights_of_Nations" title="Community for Democracy and Rights of Nations">Community for Democracy and Rights of Nations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Community_of_Democratic_Choice" title="Community of Democratic Choice">Community of Democratic Choice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Community_of_Latin_American_and_Caribbean_States" title="Community of Latin American and Caribbean States">Community of Latin American and Caribbean States</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comprehensive_and_Progressive_Agreement_for_Trans-Pacific_Partnership" title="Comprehensive and Progressive Agreement for Trans-Pacific Partnership">Comprehensive and Progressive Agreement for Trans-Pacific Partnership</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Council_of_the_Baltic_Sea_States" title="Council of the Baltic Sea States">Council of the Baltic Sea States</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Council_of_Europe" title="Council of Europe">Council of Europe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Craiova_Group" title="Craiova Group">Craiova Group</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/East_African_Community" title="East African Community">East African Community</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economic_Community_of_West_African_States" class="mw-redirect" title="Economic Community of West African States">Economic Community of West African States</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economic_Cooperation_Organization" title="Economic Cooperation Organization">Economic Cooperation Organization</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eurasian_Economic_Union" title="Eurasian Economic Union">Eurasian Economic Union</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_Political_Community" title="European Political Community">European Political Community</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_Union" title="European Union">European Union</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Forum_for_the_Progress_and_Integration_of_South_America" title="Forum for the Progress and Integration of South America">Forum for the Progress and Integration of South America</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/GUAM_Organization_for_Democracy_and_Economic_Development" title="GUAM Organization for Democracy and Economic Development">GUAM Organization for Democracy and Economic Development</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gulf_Cooperation_Council" title="Gulf Cooperation Council">Gulf Cooperation Council</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indian_Ocean_Rim_Association" title="Indian Ocean Rim Association">Indian Ocean Rim Association</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liptako%E2%80%93Gourma_Authority" title="Liptako–Gourma Authority">Liptako–Gourma Authority</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Latin_American_Integration_Association" title="Latin American Integration Association">Latin American Integration Association</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Latin_American_Parliament" title="Latin American Parliament">Latin American Parliament</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lublin_Triangle" title="Lublin Triangle">Lublin Triangle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Melanesian_Spearhead_Group" title="Melanesian Spearhead Group">Melanesian Spearhead Group</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mercosur" title="Mercosur">Mercosur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nordic_Council" title="Nordic Council">Nordic Council</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NATO" title="NATO">North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Open_Balkan" title="Open Balkan">Open Balkan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Organisation_of_Eastern_Caribbean_States" title="Organisation of Eastern Caribbean States">Organisation of Eastern Caribbean States</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Organization_for_Security_and_Co-operation_in_Europe" title="Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe">Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Organization of American States</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Organization_of_Ibero-American_States" title="Organization of Ibero-American States">Organization of Ibero-American States</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Organization_of_the_Black_Sea_Economic_Cooperation" title="Organization of the Black Sea Economic Cooperation">Organization of the Black Sea Economic Cooperation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pacific_Alliance" title="Pacific Alliance">Pacific Alliance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pacific_Islands_Forum" title="Pacific Islands Forum">Pacific Islands Forum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paneuropean_Union" title="Paneuropean Union">Paneuropean Union</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polynesian_Leaders_Group" title="Polynesian Leaders Group">Polynesian Leaders Group</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Regional_Comprehensive_Economic_Partnership" title="Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership">Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shanghai_Cooperation_Organisation" title="Shanghai Cooperation Organisation">Shanghai Cooperation Organisation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Asian_Association_for_Regional_Cooperation" title="South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation">South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Atlantic_Peace_and_Cooperation_Zone" title="South Atlantic Peace and Cooperation Zone">South Atlantic Peace and Cooperation Zone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Southern_African_Development_Community" title="Southern African Development Community">Southern African Development Community</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TAKM" title="TAKM">TAKM</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Three_Seas_Initiative" title="Three Seas Initiative">Three Seas Initiative</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trilateral_Cooperation_Secretariat" title="Trilateral Cooperation Secretariat">Trilateral Cooperation Secretariat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Organization_of_Turkic_States" title="Organization of Turkic States">Organization of Turkic States</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Union_of_South_American_Nations" title="Union of South American Nations">Union of South American Nations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Visegr%C3%A1d_Group" title="Visegrád Group">Visegrád Group</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/West_Nordic_Council" title="West Nordic Council">West Nordic Council</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Western_Balkans_Quad" title="Western Balkans Quad">Western Balkans Quad</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Topics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Regional_integration" title="Regional integration">Regional integration</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_regional_organizations_by_population" title="List of regional organizations by population">Regional organizations by population</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Regionalism_(international_relations)" title="Regionalism (international relations)">Regionalism (international relations)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Power_in_international_relations" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:International_power" title="Template:International power"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:International_power" title="Template talk:International power"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:International_power" title="Special:EditPage/Template:International power"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Power_in_international_relations" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Power_(international_relations)" title="Power (international relations)">Power in international relations</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9.5em"><a href="/wiki/Power_(social_and_political)" title="Power (social and political)">Types</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Framework_Convention_on_Climate_Change" title="United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change">Climate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economic_power" title="Economic power">Economic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Energy_superpower" title="Energy superpower">Energy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Food_power" title="Food power">Food</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hard_power" title="Hard power">Hard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maritime_power" title="Maritime power">Maritime</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_power" title="National power">National</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Power_politics" title="Power politics">Politics</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Realpolitik" title="Realpolitik">Realpolitik</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sharp_power" title="Sharp power">Sharp</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Smart_power" title="Smart power">Smart</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Soft_power" title="Soft power">Soft</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9.5em">Status</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Small_power" title="Small power">Small</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Middle_power" title="Middle power">Middle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Regional_power" title="Regional power">Regional</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emerging_power" title="Emerging power">Emerging</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Least_of_the_Great_Powers" class="mw-redirect" title="Least of the Great Powers">Least Great</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Great_power" title="Great power">Great</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Potential_superpower" title="Potential superpower">Potential</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Superpower" title="Superpower">Super</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9.5em"><a href="/wiki/Geopolitics" title="Geopolitics">Geopolitics</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/American_Century" title="American Century">American</a> (<a href="/wiki/Pax_Americana" title="Pax Americana">Pax</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Asian_Century" title="Asian Century">Asian</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chinese_Century" title="Chinese Century">Chinese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indian_Century" title="Indian Century">Indian</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pacific_Century" title="Pacific Century">Pacific</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9.5em">History</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_ancient_great_powers" title="List of ancient great powers">List of ancient great powers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_medieval_great_powers" title="List of medieval great powers">List of medieval great powers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_modern_great_powers" title="List of modern great powers">List of modern great powers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_relations_(1814%E2%80%931919)" title="International relations (1814–1919)">International relations (1814–1919)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Post-Western_era" title="Post-Western era">Post-Western era</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9.5em">Theory</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/American_decline" title="American decline">American decline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Balance_of_power_(international_relations)" title="Balance of power (international relations)">Balance of power</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/European_balance_of_power" title="European balance of power">European</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deterrence_theory" title="Deterrence theory">Deterrence theory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hegemonic_stability_theory" title="Hegemonic stability theory">Hegemonic stability theory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Multilateralism" title="Multilateralism">Multilateralism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Internationalism_(politics)" title="Internationalism (politics)">Internationalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Power_(social_and_political)" title="Power (social and political)">Philosophy of power</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polarity_(international_relations)" title="Polarity (international relations)">Polarity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Power_projection" title="Power projection">Power projection</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Power_transition_theory" title="Power transition theory">Power transition theory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_Superpower" class="mw-redirect" title="Second Superpower">Second Superpower</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sphere_of_influence" title="Sphere of influence">Sphere of influence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Superpower_collapse" class="mw-redirect" title="Superpower collapse">Superpower collapse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Superpower_disengagement" class="mw-redirect" title="Superpower disengagement">Superpower disengagement</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9.5em">Studies</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Composite_Index_of_National_Capability" title="Composite Index of National Capability">Composite Index of National Capability</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comprehensive_National_Power" title="Comprehensive National Power">Comprehensive National Power</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Organizations_and_groups_by_region" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Regional_organization" title="Regional organization">Organizations and groups</a> by region</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9.5em">Africa</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/African_Union" title="African Union">African Union</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Union_for_the_Mediterranean" title="Union for the Mediterranean">Union for the Mediterranean</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9.5em">Africa–Asia</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arab_League" title="Arab League">Arab League</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gulf_Cooperation_Council" title="Gulf Cooperation Council">Cooperation Council for the Arab States of the Gulf (GCC)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Organisation_of_Islamic_Cooperation" title="Organisation of Islamic Cooperation">Organisation of Islamic Cooperation (OIC)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9.5em">Americas</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Association_of_Caribbean_States" title="Association of Caribbean States">Association of Caribbean States (ACS)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caribbean_Community" title="Caribbean Community">Caribbean Community (CARICOM)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Central_American_Integration_System" title="Central American Integration System">Central American Integration System (SICA)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Community_of_Latin_American_and_Caribbean_States" title="Community of Latin American and Caribbean States">Community of Latin American and Caribbean States (CELAC)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mercosur" title="Mercosur">Mercosur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NATO" title="NATO">North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO)</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Organization of American States (OAS)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Union_of_South_American_Nations" title="Union of South American Nations">Union of South American Nations (UNASUR)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9.5em">Asia</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Asia_Cooperation_Dialogue" title="Asia Cooperation Dialogue">Asia Cooperation Dialogue (ACD)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Asia-Pacific_Economic_Cooperation" title="Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation">Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ASEAN" title="ASEAN">Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bay_of_Bengal_Initiative_for_Multi-Sectoral_Technical_and_Economic_Cooperation" title="Bay of Bengal Initiative for Multi-Sectoral Technical and Economic Cooperation">Bay of Bengal Initiative for Multi-Sectoral Technical and Economic Cooperation (BIMSTEC)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conference_on_Interaction_and_Confidence-Building_Measures_in_Asia" title="Conference on Interaction and Confidence-Building Measures in Asia">Conference on Interaction and Confidence-Building Measures in Asia (CICA)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economic_Cooperation_Organization" title="Economic Cooperation Organization">Economic Cooperation Organization (ECO)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Asian_Association_for_Regional_Cooperation" title="South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation">South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation (SAARC)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shanghai_Cooperation_Organisation" title="Shanghai Cooperation Organisation">Shanghai Cooperation Organisation (SCO)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trilateral_Cooperation_Secretariat" title="Trilateral Cooperation Secretariat">Trilateral Cooperation Secretariat (TCS)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9.5em">Europe</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Organization_of_the_Black_Sea_Economic_Cooperation" title="Organization of the Black Sea Economic Cooperation">Organization of the Black Sea Economic Cooperation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Council_of_Europe" title="Council of Europe">Council of Europe (CoE)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_Political_Community" title="European Political Community">European Political Community (EPC)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_Union" title="European Union">European Union (EU)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nordic_Council" title="Nordic Council">Nordic Council</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Visegr%C3%A1d_Group" title="Visegrád Group">Visegrád Group (V4)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9.5em">Eurasia</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Commonwealth_of_Independent_States" title="Commonwealth of Independent States">Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Collective_Security_Treaty_Organization" title="Collective Security Treaty Organization">Collective Security Treaty Organization (CSTO)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economic_Cooperation_Organization" title="Economic Cooperation Organization">Economic Cooperation Organization (ECO)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eurasian_Economic_Union" title="Eurasian Economic Union">Eurasian Economic Union (EaEU)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Organization_of_Turkic_States" title="Organization of Turkic States">Organization of Turkic States</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9.5em">North America–Europe</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arctic_Council" title="Arctic Council">Arctic Council</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NATO" title="NATO">North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9.5em">Africa–Asia–Europe</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Union_for_the_Mediterranean" title="Union for the Mediterranean">Union for the Mediterranean</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9.5em">Africa–South America</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/South_Atlantic_Peace_and_Cooperation_Zone" title="South Atlantic Peace and Cooperation Zone">South Atlantic Peace and Cooperation Zone</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9.5em">Oceania–Pacific</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Asia-Pacific_Economic_Cooperation" title="Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation">Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ANZUS" title="ANZUS">Australia–New Zealand–United States Security Treaty (ANZUS)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Melanesian_Spearhead_Group" title="Melanesian Spearhead Group">Melanesian Spearhead Group (MSG)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pacific_Islands_Forum" title="Pacific Islands Forum">Pacific Islands Forum (PIF)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polynesian_Leaders_Group" title="Polynesian Leaders Group">Polynesian Leaders Group (PLG)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9.5em;padding:0.35em 1.0em;line-height:1.25em;">Non–regional</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/BRICS" title="BRICS">Brazil–Russia–India–China–South Africa (BRICS)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Commonwealth_of_Nations" title="Commonwealth of Nations">Commonwealth of Nations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Community_of_Portuguese_Speaking_Countries" class="mw-redirect" title="Community of Portuguese Speaking Countries">Community of Portuguese Speaking Countries</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/E9_(countries)" title="E9 (countries)">E9</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/G4_nations" title="G4 nations">G4</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/G7" title="G7">G7</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Group_of_Eight" class="mw-redirect" title="Group of Eight">G8</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/G8%2B5" title="G8+5">G8+5</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/G20" title="G20">G20</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Group_of_24" title="Group of 24">G24</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Group_of_77" title="Group of 77">G77</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IBSA_Dialogue_Forum" title="IBSA Dialogue Forum">India–Brazil–South Africa Dialogue Forum (IBSA)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Non-Aligned_Movement" title="Non-Aligned Movement">Non-Aligned Movement (NAM)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/OECD" title="OECD">Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Organisation_internationale_de_la_Francophonie" title="Organisation internationale de la Francophonie">Organisation internationale de la Francophonie (OIF)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uniting_for_Consensus" title="Uniting for Consensus">Uniting for Consensus</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9.5em">Global</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/United_Nations" title="United Nations">United Nations (UN)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Links_to_related_articles" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background:#e8e8ff;"><div id="Links_to_related_articles" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Links to related articles</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0;font-size:114%"><div style="padding:0px"> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="International_organizations_with_Denmark_as_member" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Denmark_ties" title="Template:Denmark ties"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Denmark_ties" title="Template talk:Denmark ties"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Denmark_ties" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Denmark ties"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="International_organizations_with_Denmark_as_member" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">International organizations with <a href="/wiki/Denmark" title="Denmark">Denmark</a> as member</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Geographical and<br />geopolitical</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arctic_Council" title="Arctic Council">Arctic Council</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_Union" title="European Union">European Union (EU)</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/European_Economic_Area" title="European Economic Area">EEA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Schengen_Area" title="Schengen Area">Schengen</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Council_of_Europe" title="Council of Europe">Council of Europe (CE)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Hydrographic_Organization" title="International Hydrographic Organization">International Hydrographic Organization (IHO)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Inter-Parliamentary_Union" title="Inter-Parliamentary Union">Inter-Parliamentary Union (IPU)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nordic_Council" title="Nordic Council">Nordic Council</a></li> <li><i><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Organization of American States (OAS)</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Historical and<br />cultural</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/International_Olympic_Committee" title="International Olympic Committee">International Olympic Committee (IOC)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Organization_for_Migration" title="International Organization for Migration">International Organization for Migration (IOM)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Organization_for_Standardization" title="International Organization for Standardization">International Organization for Standardization (ISO)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Economic and social<br />development</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/African_Development_Bank" title="African Development Bank">African Development Bank (AfDB)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Asian_Development_Bank" title="Asian Development Bank">Asian Development Bank (AsDB)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bank_for_International_Settlements" title="Bank for International Settlements">Bank for International Settlements (BIS)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_Bank_for_Reconstruction_and_Development" title="European Bank for Reconstruction and Development">European Bank for Reconstruction and Development (EBRD)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Inter-American_Development_Bank" title="Inter-American Development Bank">Inter-American Development Bank (IADB)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Chamber_of_Commerce" title="International Chamber of Commerce">International Chamber of Commerce (ICC)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Red_Cross_and_Red_Crescent_Movement" title="International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement">International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement (ICRM)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Federation_of_Red_Cross_and_Red_Crescent_Societies" title="International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies">International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies (IFRCS)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Trade_Union_Confederation" title="International Trade Union Confederation">International Trade Union Confederation (ITUC)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nordic_Investment_Bank" title="Nordic Investment Bank">Nordic Investment Bank (NIB)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Organisation_for_Economic_Co-operation_and_Development" class="mw-redirect" title="Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development">Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paris_Club" title="Paris Club">Paris Club</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Customs_Organization" title="World Customs Organization">World Customs Organization (WCO)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Trade_Organization" title="World Trade Organization">World Trade Organization (WTO)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Security</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Council_of_the_Baltic_Sea_States" title="Council of the Baltic Sea States">Council of the Baltic Sea States (CBSS)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Euro-Atlantic_Partnership_Council" title="Euro-Atlantic Partnership Council">Euro-Atlantic Partnership Council (EAPC)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Criminal_Court" title="International Criminal Court">International Criminal Court (ICCt)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Interpol" title="Interpol">Interpol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NATO" title="NATO">North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Organization_for_Security_and_Co-operation_in_Europe" title="Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe">Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe (OSCE)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Permanent_Court_of_Arbitration" title="Permanent Court of Arbitration">Permanent Court of Arbitration (PCA)</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Western_European_Union" title="Western European Union">Western European Union (WEU)</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zangger_Committee" title="Zangger Committee">Zangger Committee (ZC)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Technology and<br />research</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Australia_Group" title="Australia Group">Australia Group</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CERN" title="CERN">European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_Investment_Bank" title="European Investment Bank">European Investment Bank (EIB)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_Space_Agency" title="European Space Agency">European Space Agency (ESA)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Atomic_Energy_Agency" title="International Atomic Energy Agency">International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Energy_Agency" title="International Energy Agency">International Energy Agency (IEA)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nuclear_Energy_Agency" title="Nuclear Energy Agency">Nuclear Energy Agency (NEA)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nuclear_Suppliers_Group" title="Nuclear Suppliers Group">Nuclear Suppliers Group (NSG)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Organisation_for_the_Prohibition_of_Chemical_Weapons" title="Organisation for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons">Organisation for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons (OPCW)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/United_Nations" title="United Nations">United Nations (UN)</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;">Branches</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/MONUSCO" title="MONUSCO">MONUSCO</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Conference_on_Trade_and_Development" class="mw-redirect" title="United Nations Conference on Trade and Development">UNCTAD</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Nations_High_Commissioner_for_Refugees" title="United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees">UNHCR</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Mission_in_Ethiopia_and_Eritrea" title="United Nations Mission in Ethiopia and Eritrea">UNMEE</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Mission_in_Liberia" title="United Nations Mission in Liberia">UNMIL</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/UNMOGIP" class="mw-redirect" title="UNMOGIP">UNMOGIP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Observer_Mission_in_Georgia" title="United Nations Observer Mission in Georgia">UNOMIG</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Truce_Supervision_Organization" title="United Nations Truce Supervision Organization">UNTSO</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;">Specialized<br />agencies</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Food_and_Agriculture_Organization" title="Food and Agriculture Organization">FAO</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Civil_Aviation_Organization" title="International Civil Aviation Organization">ICAO</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Fund_for_Agricultural_Development" title="International Fund for Agricultural Development">IFAD</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Labour_Organization" title="International Labour Organization">ILO</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Monetary_Fund" title="International Monetary Fund">IMF</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Maritime_Organization" title="International Maritime Organization">IMO</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Telecommunication_Union" title="International Telecommunication Union">ITU</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/UNESCO" title="UNESCO">UNESCO</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Industrial_Development_Organization" title="United Nations Industrial Development Organization">UNIDO</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Universal_Postal_Union" title="Universal Postal Union">UPU</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Health_Organization" title="World Health Organization">WHO</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Intellectual_Property_Organization" title="World Intellectual Property Organization">WIPO</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Meteorological_Organization" title="World Meteorological Organization">WMO</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Bank" title="World Bank">World Bank Group</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/International_Bank_for_Reconstruction_and_Development" title="International Bank for Reconstruction and Development">IBRD</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Development_Association" title="International Development Association">IDA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Finance_Corporation" title="International Finance Corporation">IFC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Multilateral_Investment_Guarantee_Agency" title="Multilateral Investment Guarantee Agency">MIGA</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><i>Italics</i> indicates observer status</div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="International_organizations_with_the_Kingdom_of_Norway_as_a_member" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Norway_ties" title="Template:Norway ties"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Norway_ties" title="Template talk:Norway ties"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Norway_ties" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Norway ties"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="International_organizations_with_the_Kingdom_of_Norway_as_a_member" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">International organizations with the <a href="/wiki/Norway" title="Norway">Kingdom of Norway</a> as a member</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Geographical and<br />geopolitical</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arctic_Council" title="Arctic Council">Arctic Council</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_Free_Trade_Association" title="European Free Trade Association">European Free Trade Association</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/European_Economic_Area" title="European Economic Area">EEA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Schengen_Area" title="Schengen Area">Schengen</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Council_of_Europe" title="Council of Europe">Council of Europe (CE)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Hydrographic_Organization" title="International Hydrographic Organization">International Hydrographic Organization (IHO)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Inter-Parliamentary_Union" title="Inter-Parliamentary Union">Inter-Parliamentary Union (IPU)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nordic_Council" title="Nordic Council">Nordic Council</a></li> <li><i><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Organization of American States (OAS)</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Historical and<br />cultural</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/International_Olympic_Committee" title="International Olympic Committee">International Olympic Committee (IOC)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Organization_for_Migration" title="International Organization for Migration">International Organization for Migration (IOM)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Organization_for_Standardization" title="International Organization for Standardization">International Organization for Standardization (ISO)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Economic and social<br />development</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/African_Development_Bank" title="African Development Bank">African Development Bank (AfDB)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Asian_Development_Bank" title="Asian Development Bank">Asian Development Bank (ADB)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bank_for_International_Settlements" title="Bank for International Settlements">Bank for International Settlements (BIS)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Extractive_Industries_Transparency_Initiative" title="Extractive Industries Transparency Initiative">Extractive Industries Transparency Initiative (EITI)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_Bank_for_Reconstruction_and_Development" title="European Bank for Reconstruction and Development">European Bank for Reconstruction and Development (EBRD)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Financial_Action_Task_Force_on_Money_Laundering" class="mw-redirect" title="Financial Action Task Force on Money Laundering">Financial Action Task Force on Money Laundering (FATF)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Inter-American_Development_Bank" title="Inter-American Development Bank">Inter-American Development Bank (IADB)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Chamber_of_Commerce" title="International Chamber of Commerce">International Chamber of Commerce (ICC)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Red_Cross_and_Red_Crescent_Movement" title="International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement">International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement (ICRM)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Federation_of_Red_Cross_and_Red_Crescent_Societies" title="International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies">International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies (IFRCS)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Trade_Union_Confederation" title="International Trade Union Confederation">International Trade Union Confederation (ITUC)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nordic_Investment_Bank" title="Nordic Investment Bank">Nordic Investment Bank (NIB)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Organisation_for_Economic_Co-operation_and_Development" class="mw-redirect" title="Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development">Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paris_Club" title="Paris Club">Paris Club</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Customs_Organization" title="World Customs Organization">World Customs Organization (WCO)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Trade_Organization" title="World Trade Organization">World Trade Organization (WTO)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Security</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Council_of_the_Baltic_Sea_States" title="Council of the Baltic Sea States">Council of the Baltic Sea States (CBSS)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Euro-Atlantic_Partnership_Council" title="Euro-Atlantic Partnership Council">Euro-Atlantic Partnership Council (EAPC)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Criminal_Court" title="International Criminal Court">International Criminal Court (ICCt)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Interpol" title="Interpol">Interpol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NATO" title="NATO">North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Organization_for_Security_and_Co-operation_in_Europe" title="Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe">Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe (OSCE)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Permanent_Court_of_Arbitration" title="Permanent Court of Arbitration">Permanent Court of Arbitration (PCA)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zangger_Committee" title="Zangger Committee">Zangger Committee (ZC)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Technology and<br />research</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Australia_Group" title="Australia Group">Australia Group</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CERN" title="CERN">European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_Space_Agency" title="European Space Agency">European Space Agency (ESA)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Atomic_Energy_Agency" title="International Atomic Energy Agency">International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Energy_Agency" title="International Energy Agency">International Energy Agency (IEA)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Mobile_Satellite_Organization" title="International Mobile Satellite Organization">International Mobile Satellite Organization (IMSO)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Telecommunications_Satellite_Organization" title="International Telecommunications Satellite Organization">International Telecommunications Satellite Organization (ITSO)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nuclear_Energy_Agency" title="Nuclear Energy Agency">Nuclear Energy Agency (NEA)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nuclear_Suppliers_Group" title="Nuclear Suppliers Group">Nuclear Suppliers Group (NSG)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Organisation_for_the_Prohibition_of_Chemical_Weapons" title="Organisation for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons">Organisation for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons (OPCW)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/United_Nations" title="United Nations">United Nations (UN)</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;">Branches</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Conference_on_Trade_and_Development" class="mw-redirect" title="United Nations Conference on Trade and Development">UNCTAD</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Nations_High_Commissioner_for_Refugees" title="United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees">UNHCR</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Truce_Supervision_Organization" title="United Nations Truce Supervision Organization">UNTSO</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;">Specialized<br />agencies</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Food_and_Agriculture_Organization" title="Food and Agriculture Organization">FAO</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Civil_Aviation_Organization" title="International Civil Aviation Organization">ICAO</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Fund_for_Agricultural_Development" title="International Fund for Agricultural Development">IFAD</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Labour_Organization" title="International Labour Organization">ILO</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Monetary_Fund" title="International Monetary Fund">IMF</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Maritime_Organization" title="International Maritime Organization">IMO</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Telecommunication_Union" title="International Telecommunication Union">ITU</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Multidimensional_Integrated_Stabilization_Mission_in_Mali" title="United Nations Multidimensional Integrated Stabilization Mission in Mali">MINUSMA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/UNESCO" title="UNESCO">UNESCO</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Industrial_Development_Organization" title="United Nations Industrial Development Organization">UNIDO</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Universal_Postal_Union" title="Universal Postal Union">UPU</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Institute_for_Training_and_Research" title="United Nations Institute for Training and Research">UNITAR</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Mission_in_South_Sudan" title="United Nations Mission in South Sudan">UNMISS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Relief_and_Works_Agency" class="mw-redirect" title="United Nations Relief and Works Agency">UNRWA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Tourism_Organization" class="mw-redirect" title="World Tourism Organization">UNWTO</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Health_Organization" title="World Health Organization">WHO</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Intellectual_Property_Organization" title="World Intellectual Property Organization">WIPO</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Meteorological_Organization" title="World Meteorological Organization">WMO</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Bank" title="World Bank">World Bank Group</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/International_Bank_for_Reconstruction_and_Development" title="International Bank for Reconstruction and Development">IBRD</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Development_Association" title="International Development Association">IDA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Finance_Corporation" title="International Finance Corporation">IFC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Multilateral_Investment_Guarantee_Agency" title="Multilateral Investment Guarantee Agency">MIGA</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><i>Italics</i> indicates observer status</div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="United_States_membership_in_international_organizations" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:US_ties" title="Template:US ties"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:US_ties" title="Template talk:US ties"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:US_ties" title="Special:EditPage/Template:US ties"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="United_States_membership_in_international_organizations" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">United States membership in international organizations</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/African_Development_Bank" title="African Development Bank">AfDB</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ANZUS" title="ANZUS">ANZUS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Asia-Pacific_Economic_Cooperation" title="Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation">APEC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Association_of_Southeast_Asian_Nations#The_ASEAN_Regional_Forum" class="mw-redirect" title="Association of Southeast Asian Nations">ARF</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Asian_Development_Bank" title="Asian Development Bank">AsDB</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Association_of_Southeast_Asian_Nations" class="mw-redirect" title="Association of Southeast Asian Nations">ASEAN</a> (dialogue partner)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Australia_Group" title="Australia Group">Australia Group</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bank_for_International_Settlements" title="Bank for International Settlements">BIS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Council_of_Europe" title="Council of Europe">CE</a> (observer)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/CERN" title="CERN">CERN</a> (observer)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Colombo_Plan" title="Colombo Plan">CP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Euro-Atlantic_Partnership_Council" title="Euro-Atlantic Partnership Council">EAPC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_Bank_for_Reconstruction_and_Development" title="European Bank for Reconstruction and Development">EBRD</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Food_and_Agriculture_Organization" title="Food and Agriculture Organization">FAO</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Group_of_Five" title="Group of Five">G5</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Group_of_Seven" class="mw-redirect" title="Group of Seven">G7</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Group_of_Eight" class="mw-redirect" title="Group of Eight">G8</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Group_of_Ten_(economics)" class="mw-redirect" title="Group of Ten (economics)">G10</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Inter-American_Development_Bank" title="Inter-American Development Bank">IADB</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Atomic_Energy_Agency" title="International Atomic Energy Agency">IAEA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Bank_for_Reconstruction_and_Development" title="International Bank for Reconstruction and Development">IBRD</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Civil_Aviation_Organization" title="International Civil Aviation Organization">ICAO</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Chamber_of_Commerce" title="International Chamber of Commerce">ICC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Criminal_Court" title="International Criminal Court">ICCt</a> (signatory)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Confederation_of_Free_Trade_Unions" title="International Confederation of Free Trade Unions">ICFTU</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Red_Cross_and_Red_Crescent_Movement" title="International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement">ICRM</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Development_Association" title="International Development Association">IDA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Energy_Agency" title="International Energy Agency">IEA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Fund_for_Agricultural_Development" title="International Fund for Agricultural Development">IFAD</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Finance_Corporation" title="International Finance Corporation">IFC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Federation_of_Red_Cross_and_Red_Crescent_Societies" title="International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies">IFRCS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Hydrographic_Organization" title="International Hydrographic Organization">IHO</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Labour_Organization" title="International Labour Organization">ILO</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Monetary_Fund" title="International Monetary Fund">IMF</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Maritime_Organization" title="International Maritime Organization">IMO</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Interpol" title="Interpol">Interpol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Olympic_Committee" title="International Olympic Committee">IOC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Organization_for_Migration" title="International Organization for Migration">IOM</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Organization_for_Standardization" title="International Organization for Standardization">ISO</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Telecommunication_Union" title="International Telecommunication Union">ITU</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Multilateral_Investment_Guarantee_Agency" title="Multilateral Investment Guarantee Agency">MIGA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Stabilisation_Mission_in_Haiti" title="United Nations Stabilisation Mission in Haiti">MINUSTAH</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Non-Aligned_Movement" title="Non-Aligned Movement">NAM</a> (guest)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/NATO" title="NATO">NATO</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nuclear_Energy_Agency" title="Nuclear Energy Agency">NEA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nuclear_Suppliers_Group" title="Nuclear Suppliers Group">NSG</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">OAS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Organisation_for_Economic_Co-operation_and_Development" class="mw-redirect" title="Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development">OECD</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Organisation_for_the_Prohibition_of_Chemical_Weapons" title="Organisation for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons">OPCW</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Organization_for_Security_and_Co-operation_in_Europe" title="Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe">OSCE</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paris_Club" title="Paris Club">Paris Club</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Permanent_Court_of_Arbitration" title="Permanent Court of Arbitration">PCA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Nations" title="United Nations">United Nations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Security_Council" title="United Nations Security Council">United Nations Security Council</a> (permanent member)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Conference_on_Trade_and_Development" class="mw-redirect" title="United Nations Conference on Trade and Development">UNCTAD</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/UNESCO" title="UNESCO">UNESCO</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Nations_High_Commissioner_for_Refugees" title="United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees">UNHCR</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Institute_for_Training_and_Research" title="United Nations Institute for Training and Research">UNITAR</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/UNMEE" class="mw-redirect" title="UNMEE">UNMEE</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Interim_Administration_Mission_in_Kosovo" title="United Nations Interim Administration Mission in Kosovo">UNMIK</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Mission_in_Liberia" title="United Nations Mission in Liberia">UNMIL</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Monitoring,_Verification_and_Inspection_Commission" title="United Nations Monitoring, Verification and Inspection Commission">UNMOVIC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Observer_Mission_in_Georgia" title="United Nations Observer Mission in Georgia">UNOMIG</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/UNRWA" title="UNRWA">UNRWA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Truce_Supervision_Organization" title="United Nations Truce Supervision Organization">UNTSO</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Universal_Postal_Union" title="Universal Postal Union">UPU</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Confederation_of_Labour" title="World Confederation of Labour">WCL</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Customs_Organization" title="World Customs Organization">WCO</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Health_Organization" title="World Health Organization">WHO</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Intellectual_Property_Organization" title="World Intellectual Property Organization">WIPO</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Meteorological_Organization" title="World Meteorological Organization">WMO</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Trade_Organization" title="World Trade Organization">World Trade Organization</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zangger_Committee" title="Zangger Committee">ZC</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1038841319">.mw-parser-output .tooltip-dotted{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}</style><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1038841319"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q123759#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q123759#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q123759#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">International</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://isni.org/isni/0000000419369481">ISNI</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/144934838">VIAF</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/37761-2">Germany</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n80121278">United States</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb11865218r">France</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb11865218r">BnF data</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.ndl.go.jp/auth/ndlna/00814376">Japan</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://nla.gov.au/anbd.aut-an35400962">Australia</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Organization of American States"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=ko2003204577&CON_LNG=ENG">Czech Republic</a></span></span><ul><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Union of American Republics"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=ko2003204578&CON_LNG=ENG">2</a></span></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://catalogo.bne.es/uhtbin/authoritybrowse.cgi?action=display&authority_id=XX101508">Spain</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.bnportugal.gov.pt/aut/catbnp/13284">Portugal</a></span><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.bnportugal.gov.pt/aut/catbnp/414403">2</a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://authority.bibsys.no/authority/rest/authorities/html/90075262">Norway</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.nlg.gr/cgi-bin/koha/opac-authoritiesdetail.pl?authid=146065">Greece</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dbn.bn.org.pl/descriptor-details/9810631542405606">Poland</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a class="external text" href="https://wikidata-externalid-url.toolforge.org/?p=8034&url_prefix=https://opac.vatlib.it/auth/detail/&id=494/44513">Vatican</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://olduli.nli.org.il/F/?func=find-b&local_base=NLX10&find_code=UID&request=987007266126705171">Israel</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Academics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ci.nii.ac.jp/author/DA08646046?l=en">CiNii</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Artists</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.getty.edu/vow/ULANFullDisplay?find=&role=&nation=&subjectid=500311477">ULAN</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://trove.nla.gov.au/people/939615">Trove</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.idref.fr/026397080">IdRef</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://snaccooperative.org/ark:/99166/w6dz400q">SNAC</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" 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