Protect Human Rights | United Nations

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li.menu-25970.top-level a.active, ul#main-menu li.menu-25970.top-level a.hover, ul#main-menu li.menu-25970.top-level a.active-menu, ul#main-menu li.menu-25994.top-level a.active, ul#main-menu li.menu-25994.top-level a.hover, ul#main-menu li.menu-25994.top-level a.active-menu, ul#main-menu li.menu-23525.top-level a.active, ul#main-menu li.menu-23525.top-level a.hover, ul#main-menu li.menu-39043.top-level a.hover, ul#main-menu li.menu-39043.top-level a.active, ul#main-menu li.menu-39043.top-level a.active-menu, ul#main-menu li.menu-46805.top-level a.active, ul#main-menu li.menu-46805.top-level a.active-menu { background-color: #f2f2f2; } ul#main-menu li.menu-23304.top-level a.active, ul#main-menu li.menu-23304.top-level a.hover, ul#main-menu li.menu-23304.top-level a.active-menu, ul#main-menu li.menu-45709.top-level a.active, ul#main-menu li.menu-45709.top-level a.hover, ul#main-menu li.menu-45709.top-level a.active-menu, ul#main-menu li.menu-22773.top-level a.active, ul#main-menu li.menu-22773.top-level a.hover, ul#main-menu li.menu-22763.top-level a.active, ul#main-menu li.menu-22763.top-level a.hover, ul#main-menu li.menu-22781.top-level a.active, ul#main-menu li.menu-22781.top-level a.hover, ul#main-menu li.menu-22747.top-level a.active, ul#main-menu li.menu-22747.top-level a.hover, ul#main-menu li.menu-46805.top-level a.hover, { background-color: #f2f2f2; } .view-id-articles_by_property_view.view-display-id-page_1 .view-header { margin-bottom: 2rem; } .view-articles-by-property-view.view-id-articles_by_property_view.view-display-id-page_2 { margin-top: 5rem; margin-bottom: 5rem; } body.not-front .field-content.post-date { font-weight: 500; font-size: 1.2rem; line-height: 1.1666; color: #4d4c4c; letter-spacing: 0.77px; text-transform: uppercase; display: block; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0.8rem; } body.node-type-article.og-context-node-61823 .node-article p, body.node-type-article.og-context-node-61823 .node-article li, body.node-type-article.og-context-node-62054 .node-article p, body.node-type-article.og-context-node-62054 .node-article li, body.node-type-article.og-context-node-62048 .node-article p, body.node-type-article.og-context-node-62048 .node-article li, body.node-type-article.og-context-node-62003 .node-article p, body.node-type-article.og-context-node-62003 .node-article li, body.node-type-article.og-context-node-62051 .node-article p, body.node-type-article.og-context-node-62051 .node-article li, body.node-type-article.og-context-node-62045 .node-article p, body.node-type-article.og-context-node-62045 .node-article li, body.property-type-9040 p, body.property-type-9040 li, body.property-type-8447 p, body.property-type-8447 li, body.property-type-8450 p, body.property-type-8450 li { font-size: 16px; line-height: 1.5; } body.og-context-node-62054 header#navbar .navbar-header .navbar-brand.navbar-brand-img, body.og-context-node-61823 header#navbar .navbar-header .navbar-brand.navbar-brand-img, body.og-context-node-62051 header#navbar .navbar-header .navbar-brand.navbar-brand-img, body.og-context-node-62003 header#navbar .navbar-header .navbar-brand.navbar-brand-img, body.og-context-node-62048 header#navbar .navbar-header .navbar-brand.navbar-brand-img { margin-right: 0; } body.og-context-node-102953 header#navbar .navbar-header .navbar-brand.navbar-brand-img img, body.og-context-node-102950 header#navbar .navbar-header .navbar-brand.navbar-brand-img img, body.og-context-node-102947 header#navbar .navbar-header .navbar-brand.navbar-brand-img img, body.og-context-node-102932 header#navbar .navbar-header .navbar-brand.navbar-brand-img img, body.og-context-node-102944 header#navbar .navbar-header .navbar-brand.navbar-brand-img img, body.og-context-node-102941 header#navbar .navbar-header .navbar-brand.navbar-brand-img img { height: 71px; width: 77px; } body.og-context-node-62054 header#navbar .navbar-header .navbar-brand.navbar-brand-img img, body.og-context-node-61823 header#navbar .navbar-header .navbar-brand.navbar-brand-img img, body.og-context-node-62051 header#navbar .navbar-header .navbar-brand.navbar-brand-img img, body.og-context-node-62003 header#navbar .navbar-header .navbar-brand.navbar-brand-img img, body.og-context-node-62048 header#navbar .navbar-header .navbar-brand.navbar-brand-img img, body.og-context-node-62045 header#navbar .navbar-header .navbar-brand.navbar-brand-img img { height: 75px; width: 85px; } body.og-context-node-97691 header#navbar .navbar-header .navbar-brand.navbar-brand-img, body.og-context-node-97693 header#navbar .navbar-header .navbar-brand.navbar-brand-img, body.og-context-node-97692 header#navbar .navbar-header .navbar-brand.navbar-brand-img, body.og-context-node-97694 header#navbar .navbar-header .navbar-brand.navbar-brand-img, body.og-context-node-97696 header#navbar .navbar-header .navbar-brand.navbar-brand-img, body.og-context-node-97697 header#navbar .navbar-header .navbar-brand.navbar-brand-img { margin: 0; } body.og-context-node-97691 header#navbar .navbar-header .navbar-brand.navbar-brand-img img, body.og-context-node-97693 header#navbar .navbar-header .navbar-brand.navbar-brand-img img, body.og-context-node-97692 header#navbar .navbar-header .navbar-brand.navbar-brand-img img, body.og-context-node-97694 header#navbar .navbar-header .navbar-brand.navbar-brand-img img, body.og-context-node-97696 header#navbar .navbar-header .navbar-brand.navbar-brand-img img, body.og-context-node-97697 header#navbar .navbar-header .navbar-brand.navbar-brand-img img { margin-top: -2px; width: 78px; height: 78px; } body.og-context-node-170924 header#navbar .navbar-header .navbar-brand.navbar-brand-img { margin: 0; } body.og-context-node-170924 header#navbar .navbar-header .navbar-brand.navbar-brand-img img { width: 84px !important; } .view-id-articles_by_property_view.view-display-id-page_1 #views-bootstrap-grid-1 .row > .col-xs-12.col-sm-6.col-md-4.col-lg-4, .view-id-articles_by_property_view.view-display-id-page_5 #views-bootstrap-grid-1 .row > .col-xs-12.col-sm-6.col-md-4.col-lg-4, .view-id-articles_by_property_view.view-display-id-page_9 #views-bootstrap-grid-1 .row > .col-xs-12.col-sm-6.col-md-4.col-lg-4, .view-id-articles_by_property_view.view-display-id-page_10 #views-bootstrap-grid-1 .row > .col-xs-12.col-sm-6.col-md-4.col-lg-4 { margin-bottom: 4rem; } .node-article .read-more-button { margin-bottom: 4rem; } .section.more-stories-by::after { border-top: none; } .view-articles-by-issue-with-podcast .views-field-php { margin-bottom: 4rem; } .og-context-node-54396.node-type-article ul.breadcrumb { display:none; } .og-context-node-54396 .footer-fluid, .page-isotope-articles .footer-fluid { margin-top: 4rem; } .view-property-slideshows-by-taxonomy .item { margin-bottom: 4rem; } .node-sidebar .node-sidebar-item { margin-top: 4rem; } .node-sidebar .node-sidebar-item:first-child { margin-top: 0; } body.node-type-page h1 { font-size:4rem; } .library_field { margin-top: 1rem; font-weight: 700; } .historical-note { font-size: 12px; } .small-view .views-field-title { width: 94%; } body.node-type-article .article-body ul { width: 90%; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; margin-top: 1em; list-style: inherit; } node-type-article .node-article .image-gallery-main-image .image-metadata, .node-article .article-body .image-metadata, .node-type-article .node-article > .image-metadata { margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; } body.node-type-article .article-body ul li { list-style-image: inherit; list-style-type: inherit; margin-left: inherit; } body.property-type-11 .view-articles-by-property-view ul li { margin-top: 1rem; } body.node-type-file-object article ul { list-style: inherit; } body.node-type-file-object article ul li { list-style-image: inherit; list-style-type: inherit; margin-left: 2em; } /* body.property-type-14.node-type-property .property_home_page_section_articles_second {*/ body.page-node-81254 .property_home_page_section_articles.gray-bg .property_home_page_section_articles_second { display:none; } body.page-node-81254 .property_home_page_section_articles.gray-bg .property_home_page_section_articles_second { display:none; } /* body.page-node-81254 .property_home_page_section_articles.gray-bg .container { font-size: 0; } */ body.page-node-81254 .property_home_page_section_articles.gray-bg .container .property_home_page_section_articles_first { font-size: inherit; } body.front.i18n-fr .aan_image, body.front.i18n-es .aan_image, body.front.i18n-ru .aan_image, body.front.i18n-ar .aan_image, body.front.i18n-zh-hans .aan_image { display:none; } .page-node-81254.og-context-node-81254 .view-id-unorg_home_top_multiitem_nodequeue .unorg-home-hero { margin-bottom: 5rem; } /* dhl */ .og-context-node-74753 ul#main-menu ul.subnav li a, .og-context-node-74762 ul#main-menu ul.subnav li a { font-size:12px; } .og-context-node-74768 ul#main-menu ul.subnav li a, .og-context-node-74765 ul#main-menu ul.subnav li, .og-context-node-59110 ul#main-menu ul.subnav li, .og-context-node-59107 ul#main-menu ul.subnav li { font-size: 10px; } .og-context-node-74753 .node.node-page .content > .row > .col-sm-3, .og-context-node-74753.node-type-article section#block-system-main > .row > .col-sm-3, .og-context-node-74774 .node.node-page .content > .row > .col-sm-3, .og-context-node-74774.node-type-article section#block-system-main > .row > .col-sm-3, .og-context-node-74762 .node.node-page .content > .row > .col-sm-3, .og-context-node-74762.node-type-article section#block-system-main > .row > .col-sm-3, .og-context-node-74768 .node.node-page .content > .row > .col-sm-3, .og-context-node-74768.node-type-article section#block-system-main > .row > .col-sm-3, .og-context-node-74765 .node.node-page .content > .row > .col-sm-3, .og-context-node-74765.node-type-article section#block-system-main > .row > .col-sm-3 { border-left: solid 2px #ededed; } .og-context-node-74777 .node.node-page .content > .row > .col-sm-3, .og-context-node-74777.node-type-article section#block-system-main > .row > .col-sm-3 { border-right: solid 2px #ededed; } .og-context-node-74777 p { line-height: 1.75; } .og-context-node-74777 .node.node-page .content > .row > .col-sm-3 ul li { line-height: 1.75; } .og-context-node-74777 h1.page-header { font-size: 4rem; } .og-context-node-74753 .node.node-page .content > .row > .col-sm-9 a, .og-context-node-74777 .node.node-page .content > .row > .col-sm-9 a, .og-context-node-74774 .node.node-page .content > .row > .col-sm-9 a, .og-context-node-74762 .node.node-page .content > .row > .col-sm-9 a, .og-context-node-74768 .node.node-page .content > .row > .col-sm-9 a, .og-context-node-74765 .node.node-page .content > .row > .col-sm-9 a { border-bottom: dotted 0.1rem #333333; } .og-context-node-74753 .node.node-page .content > .row > .col-sm-9 h2, .og-context-node-74753 .node.node-page .content > .row > .col-sm-9 h3, .og-context-node-74777 .node.node-page .content > .row > .col-sm-9 h2, .og-context-node-74777 .node.node-page .content > .row > .col-sm-9 h3, .og-context-node-74774 .node.node-page .content > .row > .col-sm-9 h2, .og-context-node-74774 .node.node-page .content > .row > .col-sm-9 h3, .og-context-node-74762 .node.node-page .content > .row > .col-sm-9 h2, .og-context-node-74762 .node.node-page .content > .row > .col-sm-9 h3, .og-context-node-74768 .node.node-page .content > .row > .col-sm-9 h2, .og-context-node-74768 .node.node-page .content > .row > .col-sm-9 h3, .og-context-node-74765 .node.node-page .content > .row > .col-sm-9 h2, .og-context-node-74765 .node.node-page .content > .row > .col-sm-9 h3 { margin-top: 4rem; } .og-context-node-74768 ul#main-menu ul.subnav li, .og-context-node-74765 ul#main-menu ul.subnav li, .og-context-node-74762 ul#main-menu ul.subnav li, .og-context-node-74753 ul#main-menu ul.subnav li, .og-context-node-74774 ul#main-menu ul.subnav li, .og-context-node-74777 ul#main-menu ul.subnav li, ul#main-menu ul.subnav li { white-space: nowrap; overflow-x: auto; overflow-y: hidden; padding: 3px; } .og-context-node-74768 ul#main-menu ul.subnav li a, .og-context-node-74765 ul#main-menu ul.subnav li a, .og-context-node-74762 ul#main-menu ul.subnav li a, .og-context-node-74753 ul#main-menu ul.subnav li a { font-size: 12px; } .node-sidebar-item-body ul { list-style: inherit; } .node-sidebar-item-body ul li { list-style-image: inherit; list-style-type: inherit; margin-left: 15px; } body.i18n-zh-hans.og-context-node-74774, body.i18n-zh-hans.og-context-node-74774 p { font-size: 1.61rem; line-height: 1.61; } body.i18n-zh-hans.og-context-node-74774 h3 { font-size: 2.8rem; line-height: 1.34; } body.i18n-zh-hans.og-context-node-74774 .home-footer h4 { font-size: 2.3rem; line-height: 1.265; } .not-front .home-footer .footer-fluid .footer.container.dark ul li::before { content: ""; } /* /dhl */ body.article-type-7 .node-sidebar .field-name-body.field-type-text-with-summary.field-label-above .field-label { display: none; } /* .page-calendar-by-property .feed-icon img { width: inherit; } */ .feed-icon img { width: inherit; } li.top-level ul.subnav-active-menu { z-index:10; } body.node-type-file-object article .field-name-field-image.field-type-image img { width: inherit; } .node-type-property .un-facts-heading h4.un-facts { font-size: 2.2rem; color: white; letter-spacing: 0.5px; line-height: 1.1818; text-align: left; text-shadow: 0 0 0.1rem rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5); padding: 0.2rem 0 0.4rem 1.7rem; border-left: solid 0.5rem rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.3); } .node-type-property .un-facts-heading h4.un-facts a { color: white; } .property-type-14 .unorg-home-5x4.third-story { margin-top: 3rem; } .property-type-14 .property_home_page_section_articles.gray-bg { background-color: inherit; } .property-type-14 .property_home_page_section_articles.gray-bg .container { background-color: #f2f2f2 !important; padding-bottom: 4rem; } .og-context-node-98731.node-type-page #block-system-main img{ width: inherit; } /* .view-articles-by-property-view .row h3 { margin-bottom: 4rem; } */ body.page-articles-by-property-local-category .view-articles-by-property-view .row .col-xs-12.col-sm-6.col-md-4.col-lg-4 { margin-bottom: 4rem; } .page-node-106961 #toggle-play, .page-node-106961 #toggle-pause { bottom: 180px; } .view-dhl.view-display-id-page .views-widget-filter-data_1 { display: none; } .view-un-org-home-news-row.view-id-un_org_home_news_row.view-display-id-block_2 p, .view-unorg-home-top-multiitem-nodequeue.view-display-id-block_1 p, .view-unorg-home-top-multiitem-nodequeue.view-display-id-block_5 p { font-size: 14px; } .un-org-home-news-row-block-2 { margin-top: 4rem; } body.not-front.i18n-ar div.category { letter-spacing: inherit; text-transform: inherit; } body.node-type-book .book-toc { display: none; } .calendar-calendar .month-view .full td.single-day div.monthview { background: inherit; } .i18n-ar .calendar-calendar .month-view .full td.multi-day .calendar.monthview .contents, .i18n-ar .calendar-calendar .week-view .full td.multi-day .calendar.weekview .contents { right: 0; left: 5px; } .navbar-full.navbar { background-color: #4d4d4d; padding: 0; height: 34px; box-shadow: 0 2px 5px 0 rgb(0 0 0 / 30%); margin-bottom: 0; z-index: 99; } body.node-type-page .field-name-body ol, body.not-front .views-field-body ol { list-style-type: decimal; } ol.blue-list li::marker { color: #009edb; font-weight: bold; font-size: 20px; } body.node-type-page .field-name-body ol li, body.not-front .views-field-body ol li { margin-left: 2rem; } .view-event-flat-calendar-by-property.view-display-id-page h3 { clear: both; padding:0.5em 0; } .view-event-flat-calendar-by-property.view-display-id-page .views-field.views-field-field-event-date-1 { float: left; margin-right: 50px; } .view-event-flat-calendar-by-property.view-display-id-page .views-field.views-field-title { clear: both; display: inline; } .view-event-flat-calendar-by-property.view-display-id-page .views-row { clear: both; margin-bottom: 1rem; } .view-event-flat-calendar-by-property.view-display-id-page .views-row a { border-bottom: dotted 0.1rem #333333; } .full_observances_list { text-align: right; } .i18n-ar .full_observances_list { text-align: left; } .full_observances_list a::after { font-family: FontAwesome; margin-left: 3px; color: #00a1d9; content: "\f101"; line-height: 1; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; } .i18n-ar .full_observances_list a::after { margin-right: 3px; content: "\f100"; } .page-node-132204 .property_home_page_section.gray-bg { background-color: #ffffff !important; } .page-node-132204 .property_home_page_section.gray-bg .container { background-color: #f2f2f2 !important; padding-top: 4rem; padding-bottom: 4rem; } body.page-node-132204.property-type-14.node-type-property .property_home_page_section.gray-bg { padding-top: inherit; padding-bottom: inherit; } .i18n-ar .front-wrapper header#navbar .navbar-header .navbar-brand { font-size: 2.1rem; margin-top: 0.5rem; line-height: 1.6; } .node-type-book.og-context-node-40059 ul { list-style: inherit; } .node-type-book.og-context-node-40059 ul li { list-style-image: inherit; list-style-type: inherit; margin-left: 2em; } ul#main-menu li.menu-33990.top-level a, ul#main-menu li.menu-45720.top-level a, ul#main-menu li.menu-45912.top-level a, ul#main-menu li.menu-46218.top-level a, ul#main-menu li.menu-46227.top-level a, ul#main-menu li.menu-46154.top-level a, ul#main-menu li.menu-46228.top-level a { background-color: #009edb; } ul#main-menu li.menu-33990.top-level a.active, ul#main-menu li.menu-33990.top-level a:hover, ul#main-menu li.menu-33990.top-level a.active-menu, ul#main-menu li.menu-45720.top-level a.active, ul#main-menu li.menu-45720.top-level a:hover, ul#main-menu li.menu-45720.top-level a.active-menu, ul#main-menu li.menu-45912.top-level a.active, ul#main-menu li.menu-45912.top-level a:hover, ul#main-menu li.menu-45912.top-level a.active-menu, ul#main-menu li.menu-46218.top-level a.active, ul#main-menu li.menu-46218.top-level a:hover, ul#main-menu li.menu-46218.top-level a.active-menu, ul#main-menu li.menu-46227.top-level a.active, ul#main-menu li.menu-46227.top-level a:hover, ul#main-menu li.menu-46227.top-level a.active-menu, ul#main-menu li.menu-46154.top-level a.active, ul#main-menu li.menu-46154.top-level a:hover, ul#main-menu li.menu-46154.top-level a.active-menu, ul#main-menu li.menu-46228.top-level a.active, ul#main-menu li.menu-46228.top-level a:hover, ul#main-menu li.menu-46228.top-level a.active-menu { background: #f2f2f2; color: black; } body.node-type-article #toggle-play, body.node-type-article #toggle-pause { bottom: 150px; } @media only screen and (max-width: 1000px) { .view-event-flat-calendar-by-property.view-display-id-page .views-field.views-field-title { clear: both; width: 500px !important; float: right; display: block; } .view-event-flat-calendar-by-property.view-display-id-page .views-field.views-field-field-event-date-1 { float: left; margin-right: 0px; } } @media only screen and (max-width: 720px) { .view-event-flat-calendar-by-property.view-display-id-page .views-field.views-field-title { width: 360px !important; } } @media only screen and (max-width: 400px) { .view-event-flat-calendar-by-property.view-display-id-page .views-field.views-field-title { width: 200px !important; } } @media (max-width: 768px) { body.front #live_now_button { display: block; float: left !important; } body.front.i18n-ar #live_now_button { float: right !important; } header#navbar .navbar-header .navbar-btn::after { border-right: 0; } body.not-front header#navbar .navbar-header .navbar-brand.navbar-brand-img img { height: 40px; width: 89px; } body.not-front .navbar-header .navbar-brand-img-subtitle-1, body.not-front .navbar-header .navbar-brand-img-subtitle-2 { margin-top: 60px; padding: 0; } body.i18n-ar li.top-level ul.subnav-active, body.i18n-ar li.top-level ul.subnav-active-menu { padding: 0; position: inherit; } body.i18n-ar ul#main-menu ul.subnav li { padding-bottom: 10px; padding-top: 10px; padding-right: 2em; background-color: #ffffff; float: none; border-bottom: #f2f2f2 solid 1px; } body.i18n-ar ul#main-menu ul.subnav li a { background-color: #ffffff; padding: 0; } body.page-desa-products .table-responsive table.table { font-size: 8px; } body.page-desa-products .table-responsive > .table > tbody > tr > td { white-space: inherit; } } @media (min-width: 992px) { body.node-type-article .article-body ul { width: 55%; } body.node-type-article .node-article .image-gallery-main-image .image-metadata, .node-article .article-body .image-metadata, .node-type-article .node-article > .image-metadata { width: 55%; } } /*Ocean 2022 logo*/ /* body.property-type-8453 header#navbar .navbar-header .navbar-brand.navbar-brand-img img { width: 261px !important; height: 79px !important; margin-top: 0; } @media (max-width: 768px) { body.property-type-8453 header#navbar .navbar-header .navbar-brand.navbar-brand-img img { width: 164px !important; height: 50px !important; margin-top: 0; } body.og-context-node-170924 header#navbar .navbar-header .navbar-brand.navbar-brand-img img { width: 66px !important; margin-top: -14px; } } */ </style> </section> <section id="block-block-60" class="block block-block clearfix"> <style type="text/css">/* -- begin added by Tulin -- */ /* ****** effects for headers ***** */ h1.header-entry-page { font-size: 4.5rem !important; } h3.header-lg { font-size: 4rem; } h3.header-md { font-size: 3rem; } .heading-underlined-blue::after { content: ''; display: block; margin: 1.5rem 0 2rem 0; border-top: #00a1d9 solid 3px; width: 33%; } .heading-underlined-blue { margin-top: 5rem; } .heading-center-underline { text-align: center !important; } .heading-center-underline::after { content: ''; display: block; margin-left: 25% !important; margin-right: 50% !important; text-align: center; margin-top: 1.0501050105rem; border-top: #009edb solid 3px; width: 50% !important; } /* ******* layout visual aid **** */ blockquote p::before { content: "\f10d"; font-family: 'Fontawesome'; float: left; margin-right: 10px; } .grey-well { padding: 5rem; margin: auto 0 1.5rem 0; background-color: #f5f5f5; border: 1px solid #e3e3e3; border-radius: 0px; -webkit-box-shadow: inset 0 1px 1px rgba(0,0,0,0.05); box-shadow: inset 0 1px 1px rgba(0,0,0,0.05); } .blue-well { background-color: #009edb; padding: 5rem; margin: auto 0 1.5rem 0; /*padding: 35px 35px; margin-bottom: 35px; text-align: center;*/ } .blue-well p, .blue-well ol, .blue-well ul, .blue-well li, .blue-well a, .blue-well a:hover, .blue-well a:active { color: #ffffff !important; font-size: 1.75rem !important; /*line-height: normal !important;*/ letter-spacing: normal; font-weight: 500; list-style: inherit; } .blue-well-nav-bar { padding: 2rem; } .blue-well h3, .blue-well h4 { color: #ffffff !important; font-size: 2.25rem !important; letter-spacing: normal; } .blue-well-large-text { font-size: 2rem !important; font-weight: 700; } .blue-well ol, .blue-well ul { padding-left: 2rem; } .blue-well a, .blue-well a:hover, .blue-well a:active { border-bottom: dotted 0.1rem #ffffff; } .blue-well a:hover { border-bottom: none; } .blue-well-header { color: #ffffff !important; line-height: normal !important; } .vertical-line-left { border-left: solid #eeeeee 5px; font-size: 1.2em; padding: 1em 1em; margin-bottom: 1.2em !important; } .vertical-line-right { border-right: 1px solid rgba(51,51,51,.2); font-size: 1.2em; padding: 1em 1em; margin-bottom: 1.2em !important; } .horizontal-line-top-drk { border-top: solid #aaa 1px; padding: 1rem 0 1rem 0; margin: 4rem 0 auto 0; max-width: 70%; } .horizontal-line-top { border-top: solid #eeeeee 5px; padding: 1rem 0 1rem 0; margin: 4rem 0 auto 0; max-width: 70%; } .horizontal-line-top-blue-arrow { border-top: solid #eeeeee 5px; background: url(https://www.un.org/sites/un2.un.org/files/arrow.png) no-repeat; margin-top: 20px; min-height: 30px; padding-left: 40px; max-width: 60%; } .top-bottom-dashed-line { margin: 3rem auto; padding: 3rem 3rem; border-top: 2px dashed #aaa; border-bottom: 2px dashed #aaa; width: 95%; } /* ***** padding and text copy-specific styles ***** */ .top-padding { margin-top: 2rem; } .photo-credit { font-size: 14px !important; margin-bottom: 2rem; } .caps { text-transform: uppercase; } .text-tagline { font-size: 2rem !important; font-weight: 700; } .text-blue { color: #337ab7; } .text-lead-lg { font-size: 18px !important; } /* **** icons for links ***** */ a.icon-blue-book::after { font-family: 'FontAwesome'; content:'\f2b9'; color:#009edb; padding: 0 1px 0 5px; } a.social-icon-android::after { font-family: 'FontAwesome'; content:'\f17b'; color:#009edb; padding: 0 1px 0 5px; } a.social-icon-apple::after { font-family: 'FontAwesome'; content:'\f179'; color:#009edb; padding: 0 1px 0 5px; } /* ***** lists ul/ol ***** */ ul.underline-links li a, ol.underline-links li a { border-bottom: dotted 0.1rem #333333 } ul.underline-links li a:hover, ol.underline-links li a:hover { border-bottom: none; } ol.ol-decimal { list-style-type: decimal; } ol.ol-lower-latin { list-style-type: lower-alpha; } ol.ol-decimal, ol.ol-lower-latin { margin: 1rem 1.5rem; padding: 0.5rem 1rem 1.75rem 1rem; } ol.ol-decimal li, ol.ol-lower-latin li { margin: 1.5rem 0; padding-left: 2rem; } ul.block-list li { font-weight: 700; border-bottom: #eeeeee dotted 2px; } ul.spaced-list li { padding: 1.5rem 0; } ul.block-list li a:before { font-family: FontAwesome; display: inline-block; padding-right: 6px; vertical-align: middle; content: "\f105"; font-size: 32.24px; font-weight: 600; color: #009edb; margin-right: 0.3em; } ul.block-list li h4 a:before { display: none; } /* ul.block-list li.leaf:before { font-family: FontAwesome; display: inline-block; padding-right: 6px; vertical-align: middle; content: "\f105"; font-size: 32.24px; font-weight: 600; color: #009edb; margin-right: 0.3em; }*/ ul.block-list li a { font-size: 2rem; font-weight: 600; } /* ************* side bar nav menu **************** */ .node-sidebar-item-body .menu > li > a { padding: 10px 0px; /* font-weight: bold; */ } .node-sidebar-item-body ul { list-style: none; } .node-sidebar-item-body ul li { margin: 10px 0px; } .node-sidebar-item-body ul li a:hover { text-decoration: underline; } .node-sidebar-item-body p a:hover { border-bottom: none; } .menu-sub { padding-left: 2em; list-style: circle !important; } /* ********* some padding for side bar items ********** */ .node-sidebar-item-body { margin-top: 1em; } /************ some interactivity */ .eventitem { -webkit-box-shadow: 0 1px 3px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.12), 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.24); -moz-box-shadow: 0 1px 3px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.12), 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.24); -ms-box-shadow: 0 1px 3px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.12), 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.24); -o-box-shadow: 0 1px 3px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.12), 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.24); box-shadow: 0 1px 3px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.12), 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.24); -webkit-transition: all 0.25s ease-in-out; -moz-transition: all 0.25s ease-in-out; -ms-transition: all 0.25s ease-in-out; -o-transition: all 0.25s ease-in-out; transition: all 0.25s ease-in-out; } .eventitem:hover { -webkit-box-shadow: 0 10px 20px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.19), 0 6px 6px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.23); -moz-box-shadow: 0 10px 20px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.19), 0 6px 6px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.23); -ms-box-shadow: 0 10px 20px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.19), 0 6px 6px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.23); -o-box-shadow: 0 10px 20px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.19), 0 6px 6px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.23); box-shadow: 0 10px 20px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.19), 0 6px 6px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.23); opacity: 0.7; } /* ******* phone ********** */ @media (max-width: 400px) { .grey-well { padding: 1rem; margin: auto 0 1.5rem 0; background-color: #f5f5f5; border: 1px solid #e3e3e3; border-radius: 0px; -webkit-box-shadow: inset 0 1px 1px rgba(0,0,0,0.05); box-shadow: inset 0 1px 1px rgba(0,0,0,0.05); } } /* -- end added by Tulin -- */ /* -- begin added by Gedi --*/ .back-button { margin-top: 1em; } .card-body a { border-bottom: dotted 0.1rem #333333; } .back-to-toplink { text-align: right; padding-top: 5px; font-size: 1.2em; } .back-to-toplink a { border-bottom: dotted 0.1rem #333333; } .flag-container { float: right !important; } .country { box-shadow: 5px 5px 3px #f2f2f2; padding: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px; } #memberStatesIndex { border: solid 1px #000; background: #eee; padding: 10px; text-align: center; margin-bottom: 1em; } #memberStatesIndex a { padding: 9px; font-size: 1.25em; font-weight: 700; } .member-state-grouping-letter { text-align: center; font-size: 2em !important; font-weight: bold; margin: 1em 0 0.5em 0; } .member-state-grouping-letter a { border: none; } .onimage_title { display: none; } .main-container.container { margin-top: 2rem; margin-bottom: 3em; } .image-metadata { border:none; margin-bottom: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; } .carousel-caption.top-text { bottom: 30px; padding: 10px; background: rgba(77,77,77,0.9); border-radius: 10px; left: 5%; right: 5%; } .carousel-caption.top-text p { text-align: left; color:#ffffff; } .carousel-caption.top-text button { background-color: #009edb; } .section1 { margin-top: 15px!important; margin-bottom: 25px !important; } h2.international-selection { text-align: center; } .observances { background: #009EDB; padding: 15px 0; } .observance-item { background: #4d4d4d; } .observance-item-title { padding:5px 10px !important; font-size: 2.5rem !important; } .observance-item-title a { color:#ffffff !important; } .observance-item-title a:hover { text-decoration: underline !important; } .international-items { padding: 20px; box-shadow: 5px 5px 3px #f2f2f2; position: relative; } .international-items.resolution { bottom: 20px; right: 20px; text-align: right; } /* **** adjusting for screen size ***** */ @media only screen and (min-width: 1200px) { .carousel-caption.top-text { /*top: 100px;*/ bottom: 100px; padding: 20px; border-radius: 10px; width: 360px; left: 5%; right: 60%; } .carousel-caption.top-text p { color:#ffffff; width: 310px; margin: auto 0; } } @media only screen and (min-width: 992px) { .un-anniversaries { text-align: right; } .un-multilingualism { text-align: left; } .unorg-home-hero.col-md-3 { width: 25% !important; } } @media only screen and (min-width: 992px) { .international-items { height: 205px; } .international-items.resolution { position: absolute; } } /* ******************** end added by Gedi ***************** */ </style> </section> </section>  <div class="wrapper">   <nav id="brand-bar" class="navbar navbar-default navbar-fixed-top" role="navigation">  <div class="container-fluid brandbar-header language-switcher"> <div class="navbar-header"> <button type="button" class="navbar-toggle collapsed" data-toggle="collapse" data-target="#language-switcher" aria-expanded="false"> <span class="sr-only">Toggle navigation</span> <span class="icon-bar"></span> <span class="icon-bar"></span> <span 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role="banner" id="page-header"> </header>  <div class="main-container container"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-sm-12"> <section> <div class="banner_alert"> <div class="view view-banner-by-property view-id-banner_by_property view-display-id-block view-dom-id-9e3669f205708466622e2990fa1da675"> </div> </div> <a id="main-content"></a> <h1 class="page-header">Protect Human Rights</h1>  <section class="region region-content"> <section id="block-system-main" class="block block-system clearfix"> <div id="node-120156" class="node node-page clearfix" about="/en/our-work/protect-human-rights" typeof="foaf:Document"> <span property="dc:title" content="Protect Human Rights" class="rdf-meta element-hidden"></span> <div class="content"> <div class="field-name-field-image"><img src="https://www.un.org/sites/un2.un.org/files/styles/banner-image-style-27-10/public/2021/03/hr-photo-embera-children-2006.jpg" alt="A group of children from the indigenous Emberá people smiling."/></div> <div class="image-metadata"><span class="photo-credit">These children from the indigenous Emberá people had been displaced by armed conflict in Colombia by 2006. Forced displacement is doubly catastrophic for indigenous communities closely linked to the land. The UN Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples states that indigenous peoples have the right to the full enjoyment, as a collective or as individuals, of all human rights and fundamental freedoms as recognized in the Charter of the United Nations, the Universal Declaration of Human Rights and international human rights law. UN Photo/Mark Garten</span></div> <div class="field field-name-body field-type-text-with-summary field-label-hidden"><div class="field-items"><div class="field-item even" property="content:encoded"><div class="row topmargin-lg bottommargin"> <div class="col-md-3 col-sm-12"> </div> <div class="col-md-6 col-sm-12"> <p>The term “human rights” was mentioned seven times in the UN's founding <a href="https://www.un.org/en/about-us/un-charter/full-text">Charter</a>, making the promotion and protection of human rights a key purpose and guiding principle of the Organization.</p> <p>In 1948, the <a href="https://www.un.org/en/about-us/universal-declaration-of-human-rights">Universal Declaration of Human Rights</a> lay down the principles that brought human rights into the realm of international law. Since then, the Organization has diligently protected human rights through legal instruments and on-the-ground activities.</p> </div> <div class="col-md-3 col-sm-12"> </div> </div> <h2 class="heading-underlined-blue topmargin-lg bottommargin">How does the UN promote and protect human rights?</h2> <div class="row grey-well bottommargin"> <div class="col-md-6 col-sm-12"> <h3>Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights (OHCHR)</h3> <p>Headquartered in Geneva, with many regional offices, the <a href="https://www.ohchr.org/">Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights</a> has lead responsibility in the UN system for the promotion and protection of <a href="https://www.ohchr.org/en/what-are-human-rights">human rights</a>.</p> <p>The office supports the <a href="https://www.ohchr.org/EN/Countries/Pages/PeaceMissionsindex.aspx#:~:text=reporting%20publicly%20on%20human%20rights,and%20activities%20in%20the%20country.">human rights components</a> of peacekeeping missions in several countries, and in addition to its regional offices, has HR Centres, Country/Stand-alone Offices and Human Rights Advisors <a href="https://www.ohchr.org/EN/Countries/Pages/WorkInField.aspx">all over the world</a>.</p> <p>The <a href="http://www.ohchr.org/EN/AboutUs/Pages/HighCommissioner.aspx">High Commissioner for Human Rights</a> regularly comments on situations in the world relating to <a href="https://www.ohchr.org/EN/Issues/Pages/ListOfIssues.aspx">human rights issues</a>, and has the authority to investigate situations and publish reports on them.</p> </div> <div class="col-md-6 col-sm-12"> <div class="embed-responsive embed-responsive-16by9 top-padding"><iframe allow="accelerometer; autoplay; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture" allowfullscreen="" frameborder="0" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/wMt8h9rnxYg" title="UN Special Rapporteur on the right to adequate housing Leilani Farha warns of widespread homelessness"></iframe></div> <p class="photo-credit">UN Special Rapporteur on the right to adequate housing Leilani Farha warns of widespread homelessness</p> </div> <div class="col-md-12 col-sm-12"> <h4 class="horizontal-line-top-blue-arrow">OHCHR Regional Offices</h4> </div> <div class="top-padding"> <div class="col-md-4 col-sm-12"> <h5 class="caps">Africa</h5> <ul class="underline-links"> <li>OHCHR has offices in <a href="http://www.ohchr.org/EN/countries/AfricaRegion/Pages/AfricaRegionIndex.aspx">Africa</a>, including four regional office and centres.</li> </ul> <h5 class="caps">The Americas</h5> <ul class="underline-links"> <li>OHCHR has a liaison office in <a href="http://www.ohchr.org/EN/NewYork/Pages/AboutNYOffice.aspx">New York City</a>.</li> <li>OHCHR's <a href="http://www.ohchr.org/EN/Countries/LacRegion/Pages/LatinAmericaSummary.aspx">South America Regional Office</a> is in Santiago, Chile.</li> <li>OHCHR's <a href="https://www.ohchr.org/EN/Countries/LACRegion/Pages/centralamericasummary.aspx">Regional Office for Central America</a> is in Panama City, Panama.</li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-md-4 col-sm-12"> <h5 class="caps">Asia and the Pacific</h5> <ul class="underline-links"> <li>OHCHR has a Pacific Regional Office in <a href="https://pacific.ohchr.org/">Suva, Fiji</a>.</li> <li>The OHCHR Regional Office for South-East Asia is in <a href="https://bangkok.ohchr.org/">Bangkok, Thailand</a>.</li> </ul> <h5 class="caps">Europe and Central Asia</h5> <ul class="underline-links"> <li>OHCHR has a Regional Office for Europe in <a href="https://www.ohchr.org/EN/countries/ENACARegion/Pages/BEIndex.aspx">Belgium</a>, and a Regional Office for Central Asia in <a href="https://www.ohchr.org/EN/Countries/EnacaRegion/Pages/CentralAsiaSummary.aspx">Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan</a>.</li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-md-4 col-sm-12"> <h5 class="caps">The Middle East</h5> <ul class="underline-links"> <li>OHCHR has a Regional Office for the Middle East and North Africa in <a href="https://www.ohchr.org/en/countries/middle-east-north-africa-region/middle-east-north-africa-section-hq">Beirut, Lebanon</a>.</li> </ul> <h5 class="caps">North Africa</h5> <ul class="underline-links"> <li>OHCHR's Regional Office for North Africa is in <a href="https://www.ohchr.org/en/countries/middle-east-north-africa-region/middle-east-north-africa-section-hq">Tunis</a>.</li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div class="row grey-well bottommargin"> <div class="col-md-9 col-sm-12"> <h3>Human Rights Council</h3> <p>The <a href="https://www.ohchr.org/en/hrbodies/hrc/home">Human Rights Council</a>, which was established in 2006, meets in Geneva. It replaced the 60-year-old UN Commission on Human Rights as the key independent UN intergovernmental body responsible for human rights.</p> </div> <div class="col-md-3 col-sm-12"> </div> </div> <div class="row grey-well bottommargin"> <div class="col-md-6 col-sm-12"> <h3>Human Rights Treaty Bodies</h3> <p>The <a href="http://www.ohchr.org/EN/HRBodies/Pages/TreatyBodies.aspx">human rights treaty bodies</a> are committees of independent experts that monitor implementation of the <a href="https://www.ohchr.org/EN/ProfessionalInterest/Pages/CoreInstruments.aspx">core international human rights treaties</a>. Each State party to a treaty has an obligation to take steps to ensure that everyone in the State can enjoy the rights set out in the treaty.</p> <p>The treaty bodies are composed of independent experts of recognized competence in human rights, who are nominated and elected for fixed renewable terms of four years by State parties.</p> </div> <div class="col-md-6 col-sm-12"> <div class="embed-responsive embed-responsive-16by9 top-padding"><iframe allow="accelerometer; autoplay; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture" allowfullscreen="" frameborder="0" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/JP0fB-_X0l8" title="The Human Rights Treaty Body system"></iframe></div> <p class="photo-credit">The Human Rights Treaty Body system</p> </div> </div> <div class="row grey-well bottommargin"> <div class="col-md-9 col-sm-12"> <h3>Special Procedures</h3> <p>The <a href="http://www.ohchr.org/EN/HRBodies/SP/Pages/Welcomepage.aspx">special procedures</a> of the Human Rights Council are prominent, independent experts working on a voluntary basis, who examine, monitor, publicly report and advise on human rights from a thematic or country-specific perspective.</p> </div> <div class="col-md-3 col-sm-12"> </div> </div> <div class="row grey-well bottommargin"> <div class="col-md-9 col-sm-12"> <h3>Special Advisers on the Prevention of Genocide and the Responsibility to Protect</h3> <p>The <a href="https://www.un.org/en/genocideprevention/special-adviser-prevention-genocide.shtml">Special Adviser on the Prevention of Genocide</a> acts as a catalyst to raise awareness of the causes and dynamics of genocide, to alert relevant actors where there is a risk of genocide, and to advocate and mobilize for appropriate action.</p> <p>The <a href="https://www.un.org/en/genocideprevention/special-adviser-responsibility-protect.shtml">Special Adviser on the Responsibility to Protect</a> leads the conceptual, political, institutional and operational development of the Responsibility to Protect.</p> </div> <div class="col-md-3 col-sm-12"> </div> </div> <div class="topmargin-lg bottommargin clearfix"> <div class="col-md-1 col-sm-12"> </div> <div class="col-md-10 col-sm-12"> <h2 class="heading-underlined-blue">What legal instruments help the UN protect human rights?</h2> </div> <div class="col-md-1 col-sm-12"> </div> </div> <div class="clearfix bottommargin"> <div class="col-md-1 col-sm-12"> </div> <div class="col-md-5 col-sm-12 bottommargin"> <div class="embed-responsive embed-responsive-16by9"><iframe allow="accelerometer; autoplay; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture" allowfullscreen="" frameborder="0" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/ohyafhMfXHQ?si=pRH42st0DNrtk_tb" title="video on 75th anniversary of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights"></iframe></div> <p class="photo-credit">More than 75 years ago the UN General Assembly adopted the Universal Declaration of Human Rights as a common human rights standard for everyone, everywhere.</p> <h3 class="topmargin bottommargin-sm">The Universal Declaration of Human Rights and two Covenants</h3> <p>The <a href="https://www.un.org/en/about-us/universal-declaration-of-human-rights">Universal Declaration of Human Rights</a> (1948) was the first legal document protecting universal human rights. It is generally agreed to be the <a href="https://www.un.org/en/about-us/udhr/foundation-of-international-human-rights-law">foundation of international human rights law</a>. In 2023 we marked its <a href="https://www.ohchr.org/en/human-rights-75">75th anniversary</a>.</p> <p>Together with the <a href="http://www.ohchr.org/en/professionalinterest/pages/ccpr.aspx">International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights</a> and the <a href="http://www.ohchr.org/en/professionalinterest/pages/cescr.aspx">International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights</a>, the three instruments form the so-called International Bill of Human Rights.</p> <h3 class="topmargin-sm bottommargin-sm">Other instruments</h3> <p>A series of international human rights treaties and other instruments adopted since 1945 have expanded the body of <a href="http://www.ohchr.org/en/professionalinterest/Pages/InternationalLaw.aspx">international human rights law</a>.</p> <p>In 2007, the General Assembly adopted the <a href="https://undocs.org/A/RES/61/295">UN Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples</a>.</p> </div> <div class="col-md-5 col-sm-12 bottommargin"> <div class="embed-responsive embed-responsive-16by9"><iframe allow="accelerometer; autoplay; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture" allowfullscreen="" frameborder="0" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/rI1ebp_wcIY" title="The United Nations Supports Elections Around the Globe"></iframe></div> <p class="photo-credit">The Department of Political and Peacebuilding Affairs plays a leading role in the work of the UN to help countries hold credible, transparent and inclusive elections. Since 1992, the UN has assisted more than 100 of its Member States with electoral support.</p> <h3 class="topmargin-sm bottommargin-sm">Democracy</h3> <p><a href="https://www.un.org/en/global-issues/democracy">Democracy</a>, based on the rule of law, is ultimately a means to achieve international peace and security, economic and social progress and development, and respect for human rights – the three pillars of the United Nations mission as set forth in the UN Charter.</p> <p>At the <a href="https://www.un.org/en/conferences/environment/newyork2005">2005 World Summit</a>, all the world’s governments reaffirmed “that democracy is a universal value based on the freely expressed will of people to determine their own political, economic, social and cultural systems and their full participation in all aspects of their lives” and stressed “that democracy, development and respect for all human rights and fundamental freedoms are interdependent and mutually reinforcing.”</p> <p>Democratic principles are woven throughout the normative fabric of the United Nations. The <a class="pdf-link" href="http://www.un.org/en/pdfs/FINAL%20Guidance%20Note%20on%20Democracy.pdf">2009 Guidance Note on Democracy of the Secretary-General</a> sets out the United Nations framework for democracy based on universal principles, norms and standards and commits the Organization to principled, coherent and consistent action in support of democracy.</p> </div> <div class="col-md-1 col-sm-12"> </div> </div> <div class="row topmargin bottommargin clearfix"> <div class="col-md-1 col-sm-12"> </div> <div class="col-md-10 col-sm-12"> <h2 class="heading-underlined-blue">What other UN offices and bodies are responsible for protecting human rights?</h2> </div> <div class="col-md-1 col-sm-12"> </div> </div> <div class="row topmargin bottommargin clearfix"> <div class="col-md-1 col-sm-12"> </div> <div class="col-md-10 col-sm-12 grey-well"> <h3 class="caps horizontal-line-top-drk">Secretary-General</h3> <div class="clearfix"> <div class="col-md-6 col-sm-12 top-padding"> <p>The <a href="http://www.un.org/sg/">Secretary-General</a> appoints special representatives, who advocate against major human rights violations:</p> <ul class="underline-links"> <li><a href="http://childrenandarmedconflict.un.org/">Special Representative of the Secretary-General for Children and Armed Conflict</a></li> <li><a href="https://stoprapenow.org/">Special Representative of the Secretary-General on Sexual Violence in Conflict</a></li> <li><a href="https://violenceagainstchildren.un.org/">Special Representative of the Secretary-General on Violence Against Children</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-md-6 col-sm-12 top-padding"> <h4>The Highest Aspiration: A Call to Action for Human Rights</h4> <p>On 24 February 2020, <a href="https://news.un.org/en/story/2020/02/1057961">Secretary-General António Guterres launched</a> a <a href="https://www.un.org/en/content/action-for-human-rights/index.shtml">Call to Action for Human Rights</a>. “Human rights are our ultimate tool to help societies grow in freedom,” he <a href="https://www.un.org/sg/en/content/sg/statement/2020-02-24/secretary-generals-remarks-the-un-human-rights-council-%E2%80%9Cthe-highest-aspiration-call-action-for-human-rights-delivered">told Member States</a> on the <a href="https://unog.ch/unog/website/news_media.nsf/(httpNewsByYear_en)/986928AB938FFD77C125851800418F77?OpenDocument">opening day</a> of the UN <a href="https://www.ohchr.org/EN/HRBodies/HRC/Pages/Home.aspx">Human Rights Council</a>’s <a href="https://www.ohchr.org/EN/HRBodies/HRC/RegularSessions/Session43/Pages/43RegularSession.aspx">43rd session</a> in Geneva, as he detailed a seven-point blueprint for positive change. Echoing the call for change, the then High Commissioner for Human Rights Michelle Bachelet said that although threats to human rights, development and peace were on the rise, so were the practical, actionable <a href="https://www.ohchr.org/EN/NewsEvents/Pages/DisplayNews.aspx?NewsID=25596&LangID=E">solutions</a> to these issues.</p> </div> </div> <div class="clearfix"> <div class="col-md-6 col-sm-12 top-padding"> <h3 class="caps horizontal-line-top-drk bottommargin-sm">Security Council</h3> <p>The <a href="http://www.un.org/en/sc/">UN Security Council</a>, at times, deals with grave human rights violations, often in conflict areas. The UN Charter gives the Security Council the authority to investigate and mediate, dispatch a mission, appoint special envoys, or request the Secretary-General to use his <a href="https://peacemaker.un.org/peacemaking-mandate/secretary-general">good offices</a>.</p> <p>The Security Council may issue a ceasefire directive, dispatch military observers or a peacekeeping force. If this is not enough, the Security Council can opt for enforcement measures, such as economic sanctions, arms embargos, financial penalties and restrictions, travel bans, the severance of diplomatic relations, a blockade, or even collective military action.</p> <h3 class="caps horizontal-line-top-drk bottommargin-sm">Third Committee of the General Assembly</h3> <p>The General Assembly’s <a href="http://www.un.org/en/ga/third/">Third Committee</a> (Social, Humanitarian and Cultural) examines a range of issues, including human rights questions. The Committee also discusses questions relating to the advancement of women, the protection of children, indigenous issues, the treatment of refugees, the promotion of fundamental freedoms through the elimination of racism and racial discrimination, and the right to self-determination. The Committee also addresses important social development questions.</p> <h3 class="caps horizontal-line-top-drk bottommargin-sm">Various Other UN Bodies</h3> <p>Different intergovernmental bodies and interdepartmental mechanisms based at the United Nations headquarters in New York, as well as the United Nations <a href="http://www.un.org/sg/">Secretary-General</a>, address a range of human rights issues.</p> <p>The <a href="http://www.un.org/en/ga/">General Assembly</a>, the <a href="http://www.un.org/en/ecosoc/">Economic and Social Council (ECOSOC)</a> and their subsidiary organs make policy decisions and recommendations to <a href="https://www.un.org/en/member-states/">Member States</a>, the United Nations system and other actors.</p> <p>The <a href="https://www.un.org/development/desa/indigenouspeoples/unpfii-sessions-2.html">United Nations Permanent Forum on Indigenous Issues</a> (UNPFII), an advisory body to the Economic and Social Council, has a mandate to discuss indigenous issues, including human rights.</p> <p>The <a href="https://www.ohchr.org/">Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights</a> interacts with and provides advice and support on human rights issues to these bodies and mechanisms. The Office also works to mainstream human rights in all areas of work of the Organization, including <a href="https://www.ohchr.org/EN/Issues/Development/SRDevelopment/Pages/SRDevelopmentIndex.aspx">development</a>, <a href="https://www.ohchr.org/EN/Countries/Pages/PeaceMissionsindex.aspx">peacekeeping</a>, <a href="https://www.ohchr.org/en/women/womens-human-rights-and-gender-related-concerns-situations-conflict-and-instability">women, peace and security</a>, and responding to <a href="https://www.ohchr.org/EN/Issues/HumanitarianAction/Pages/Crises.aspx">humanitarian crises</a>. Human rights issues are also addressed in the context of the post-conflict <a href="https://www.un.org/peacebuilding/">UN peacebuilding support</a> activities</p> </div>  <div class="col-md-6 col-sm-12 top-padding"> <h3 class="caps horizontal-line-top-drk bottommargin-sm">UN Peace Operations</h3> <div class="embed-responsive embed-responsive-16by9"><iframe allow="accelerometer; autoplay; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture" allowfullscreen="" frameborder="0" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/KE3JFAFpNjE" title="Human Rights in UN Peacekeeping"></iframe></div> <p class="photo-credit">To celebrate International Day of UN Peacekeepers: Meet Nicole Ngoy, a human rights officer, working at the UN Peacekeeping Mission in the Democratic Republic of Congo.</p> <p>Many United Nations <a href="https://peacekeeping.un.org/en/promoting-human-rights">peacekeeping operations</a> and <a href="https://www.un.org/securitycouncil/content/repertoire/political-missions-and-offices">political</a> and <a href="https://www.un.org/peacebuilding/">peacebuilding</a> missions also include the human rights-related mandates aimed at contributing to the protection and promotion of human rights through both immediate and long-term action; empowering the population to assert and claim their human rights; and enabling State and other national institutions to implement their human rights obligations and uphold the rule of law.</p> <p>Human rights teams on the ground work in close cooperation and coordination with other civilian and uniformed components of peace operations, in particular, in relation to the protection of civilians; addressing conflict-related sexual violence and violations against children; and strengthening respect for human rights and the rule of law through legal and judicial reform, security sector reform and prison system reform.</p> <h3 class="caps horizontal-line-top-drk bottommargin-sm">Commission on the Status of Women</h3> <p>The <a href="https://www.unwomen.org/en/csw">Commission on the Status of Women</a> (CSW) is the principal global intergovernmental body dedicated to the promotion of gender equality and the advancement of women.</p> <p><a href="http://www.unwomen.org/en">UN Women</a>, established in 2010, serves as its Secretariat.</p> </div> </div> </div> <div class="col-md-1 col-sm-12"> </div> </div> </div></div></div> </div> </div> </section> </section> </section> </div> </div> <div class="row"> <div id="sharing_widget" class="col-sm-12 bottommargin">  <div class="a2a_kit a2a_kit_size_32 a2a_default_style"> <a class="a2a_dd" href="https://www.addtoany.com/share"></a> <a class="a2a_button_facebook"></a> <a class="a2a_button_x"></a> <a class="a2a_button_email"></a> <a class="a2a_button_whatsapp"></a> </div> <script async src="https://static.addtoany.com/menu/page.js"></script>  </div> </div> </div>  <div class="section 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