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overflow: hidden; text-overflow: ellipsis; -webkit-line-clamp: 3; -webkit-box-orient: vertical; }</style><div class="col-xs-12 clearfix"><div class="u-floatLeft"><h1 class="PageHeader-title u-m0x u-fs30">Egyptian Archaeology</h1><div class="u-tcGrayDark">28,891 Followers</div><div class="u-tcGrayDark u-mt2x">Recent papers in <b>Egyptian Archaeology</b></div></div></div></div></div></div><div class="TabbedNavigation"><div class="container"><div class="row"><div class="col-xs-12 clearfix"><ul class="nav u-m0x u-p0x list-inline u-displayFlex"><li class="active"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptian_Archaeology">Top Papers</a></li><li><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptian_Archaeology/MostCited">Most Cited Papers</a></li><li><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptian_Archaeology/MostDownloaded">Most Downloaded Papers</a></li><li><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptian_Archaeology/MostRecent">Newest Papers</a></li><li><a class="" href="https://www.academia.edu/People/Egyptian_Archaeology">People</a></li></ul></div><style type="text/css">ul.nav{flex-direction:row}@media(max-width: 567px){ul.nav{flex-direction:column}.TabbedNavigation li{max-width:100%}.TabbedNavigation li.active{background-color:var(--background-grey, #dddde2)}.TabbedNavigation li.active:before,.TabbedNavigation li.active:after{display:none}}</style></div></div></div><div class="container"><div class="row"><div class="col-xs-12"><div class="u-displayFlex"><div class="u-flexGrow1"><div class="works"><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_32102072" data-work_id="32102072" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/32102072/meritnefertari_docx">meritnefertari.docx</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest">A paper on the tombs of two New Kingdom women, Queen Nefertari and Merite, the Royal Architect Kha's wife, from Deir el Medina.</div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/32102072" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="b8fd0f0030f975d1af70830262b4f0a9" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":52350792,"asset_id":32102072,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/52350792/download_file?st=MTczOTg1NzUxMyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="1641994" href="https://unimi.academia.edu/ChiaraZanforlini">Chiara Zanforlini</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="1641994" type="text/json">{"id":1641994,"first_name":"Chiara","last_name":"Zanforlini","domain_name":"unimi","page_name":"ChiaraZanforlini","display_name":"Chiara Zanforlini","profile_url":"https://unimi.academia.edu/ChiaraZanforlini?f_ri=3793","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/1641994/570915/710530/s65_chiara.zanforlini.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_32102072 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="32102072"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 32102072, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_32102072", }); 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","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":52350792,"asset_id":32102072,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":1641994,"first_name":"Chiara","last_name":"Zanforlini","domain_name":"unimi","page_name":"ChiaraZanforlini","display_name":"Chiara Zanforlini","profile_url":"https://unimi.academia.edu/ChiaraZanforlini?f_ri=3793","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/1641994/570915/710530/s65_chiara.zanforlini.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":3793,"name":"Egyptian Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptian_Archaeology?f_ri=3793","nofollow":true},{"id":34484,"name":"Women in ancient Egypt","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Women_in_ancient_Egypt?f_ri=3793","nofollow":true},{"id":56352,"name":"Ancient Egypt","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Egypt?f_ri=3793","nofollow":true},{"id":201839,"name":"Queen Nefertari","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Queen_Nefertari?f_ri=3793","nofollow":true}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_4221363" data-work_id="4221363" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/4221363/GRIMAL_N_LARCH%C3%89_F_Karnak_1998_2004_Cahiers_de_Karnak_2007_Vol_12_n_1_p_7_56">GRIMAL N., LARCHÉ F. Karnak, 1998-2004. Cahiers de Karnak. 2007. Vol. 12, n°1, p. 7–56. </a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/4221363" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="879a93e020350a7733c35f4b1aeca9bb" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":31709148,"asset_id":4221363,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/31709148/download_file?st=MTczOTg1NzUxMyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="4730693" href="https://aibl.academia.edu/NicolasGrimal">Nicolas Grimal</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="4730693" type="text/json">{"id":4730693,"first_name":"Nicolas","last_name":"Grimal","domain_name":"aibl","page_name":"NicolasGrimal","display_name":"Nicolas Grimal","profile_url":"https://aibl.academia.edu/NicolasGrimal?f_ri=3793","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/4730693/2198231/2575550/s65_nicolas.grimal.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_4221363 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="4221363"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 4221363, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_4221363", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_4221363 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 4221363; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_4221363"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_4221363 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="4221363"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 4221363; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=4221363]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_4221363").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_4221363").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="4221363"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">2</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="3793" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptian_Archaeology">Egyptian Archaeology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="3793" type="text/json">{"id":3793,"name":"Egyptian Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptian_Archaeology?f_ri=3793","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="492515" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Karnak_Temple">Karnak Temple</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="492515" type="text/json">{"id":492515,"name":"Karnak Temple","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Karnak_Temple?f_ri=3793","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=4221363]'), work: {"id":4221363,"title":"GRIMAL N., LARCHÉ F. Karnak, 1998-2004. Cahiers de Karnak. 2007. Vol. 12, n°1, p. 7–56. ","created_at":"2013-08-12T00:00:53.447-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/4221363/GRIMAL_N_LARCH%C3%89_F_Karnak_1998_2004_Cahiers_de_Karnak_2007_Vol_12_n_1_p_7_56?f_ri=3793","dom_id":"work_4221363","summary":null,"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":31709148,"asset_id":4221363,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":4730693,"first_name":"Nicolas","last_name":"Grimal","domain_name":"aibl","page_name":"NicolasGrimal","display_name":"Nicolas Grimal","profile_url":"https://aibl.academia.edu/NicolasGrimal?f_ri=3793","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/4730693/2198231/2575550/s65_nicolas.grimal.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":3793,"name":"Egyptian Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptian_Archaeology?f_ri=3793","nofollow":true},{"id":492515,"name":"Karnak Temple","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Karnak_Temple?f_ri=3793","nofollow":true}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_18974116 coauthored" data-work_id="18974116" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/18974116/The_Use_life_of_the_Middle_Kingdom_Tomb_of_Governor_Nehri_I_at_Dayr_al_Barsh%C4%81_Reconstructing_Find_Contexts_based_on_the_Distribution_of_Coffin_Fragments">The Use-life of the Middle Kingdom Tomb of Governor Nehri I at Dayr al-Barshā. Reconstructing Find Contexts based on the Distribution of Coffin Fragments</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">The Hatnub graffiti dating to governor Nehri I stand at the core of a long standing debate regarding the chronology of the Middle Kingdom nomarchs of the fifteenth Upper Egyptian nome. The tomb inventory of Nehri I, who was buried at Dayr... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_18974116" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">The Hatnub graffiti dating to governor Nehri I stand at the core of a long standing debate regarding the chronology<br />of the Middle Kingdom nomarchs of the fifteenth Upper Egyptian nome. The tomb inventory of Nehri I,<br />who was buried at Dayr al-Barshā, has, however, never been entered into this debate. In this article a first step is<br />taken in that direction by considering various, previously unpublished coffin fragments that were excavated by<br />George Reisner in 1915 and are now preserved at the Museum of Fine Arts in Boston. The excavation history of<br />Nehri’s tomb is also clarified, which has implications for the interpretation of the distribution of the coffin<br />fragments in different shafts of the tomb. The use-life of the tomb of Nehri I is reconstructed based on the combination<br />of the tomb inventory and the different building phases of the tomb.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/18974116" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="5260fd494004bc2b673d9ddc3bfd0d58" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":40634965,"asset_id":18974116,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/40634965/download_file?st=MTczOTg1NzUxMyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="1549528" href="https://pisa.academia.edu/GeorgiaLong">Georgia Long</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="1549528" type="text/json">{"id":1549528,"first_name":"Georgia","last_name":"Long","domain_name":"pisa","page_name":"GeorgiaLong","display_name":"Georgia Long","profile_url":"https://pisa.academia.edu/GeorgiaLong?f_ri=3793","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/1549528/560558/26378874/s65_georgia.long.jpg"}</script></span></span><span class="u-displayInlineBlock InlineList-item-text"> and <span class="u-textDecorationUnderline u-clickable InlineList-item-text js-work-more-authors-18974116">+1</span><div class="hidden js-additional-users-18974116"><div><span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a href="https://kuleuven.academia.edu/MarleenDeMeyer">Marleen De Meyer</a></span></div></div></span><script>(function(){ var popoverSettings = { el: $('.js-work-more-authors-18974116'), placement: 'bottom', hide_delay: 200, html: true, content: function(){ return $('.js-additional-users-18974116').html(); 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container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_18974116 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="18974116"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 18974116; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=18974116]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_18974116").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_18974116").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="18974116"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">9</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="394" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptology">Egyptology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="394" type="text/json">{"id":394,"name":"Egyptology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptology?f_ri=3793","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="3793" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptian_Archaeology">Egyptian Archaeology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="3793" type="text/json">{"id":3793,"name":"Egyptian Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptian_Archaeology?f_ri=3793","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="23462" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Middle_Kingdom_necropoleis_Egyptology_">Middle Kingdom necropoleis (Egyptology)</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="23462" type="text/json">{"id":23462,"name":"Middle Kingdom necropoleis (Egyptology)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Middle_Kingdom_necropoleis_Egyptology_?f_ri=3793","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="35525" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Middle_Kingdom">Middle Kingdom</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="35525" type="text/json">{"id":35525,"name":"Middle Kingdom","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Middle_Kingdom?f_ri=3793","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=18974116]'), work: {"id":18974116,"title":"The Use-life of the Middle Kingdom Tomb of Governor Nehri I at Dayr al-Barshā. Reconstructing Find Contexts based on the Distribution of Coffin Fragments","created_at":"2015-11-25T02:30:29.736-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/18974116/The_Use_life_of_the_Middle_Kingdom_Tomb_of_Governor_Nehri_I_at_Dayr_al_Barsh%C4%81_Reconstructing_Find_Contexts_based_on_the_Distribution_of_Coffin_Fragments?f_ri=3793","dom_id":"work_18974116","summary":"The Hatnub graffiti dating to governor Nehri I stand at the core of a long standing debate regarding the chronology\nof the Middle Kingdom nomarchs of the fifteenth Upper Egyptian nome. The tomb inventory of Nehri I,\nwho was buried at Dayr al-Barshā, has, however, never been entered into this debate. In this article a first step is\ntaken in that direction by considering various, previously unpublished coffin fragments that were excavated by\nGeorge Reisner in 1915 and are now preserved at the Museum of Fine Arts in Boston. The excavation history of\nNehri’s tomb is also clarified, which has implications for the interpretation of the distribution of the coffin\nfragments in different shafts of the tomb. The use-life of the tomb of Nehri I is reconstructed based on the combination\nof the tomb inventory and the different building phases of the tomb.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":40634965,"asset_id":18974116,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":1549528,"first_name":"Georgia","last_name":"Long","domain_name":"pisa","page_name":"GeorgiaLong","display_name":"Georgia Long","profile_url":"https://pisa.academia.edu/GeorgiaLong?f_ri=3793","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/1549528/560558/26378874/s65_georgia.long.jpg"},{"id":800465,"first_name":"Marleen","last_name":"De Meyer","domain_name":"kuleuven","page_name":"MarleenDeMeyer","display_name":"Marleen De Meyer","profile_url":"https://kuleuven.academia.edu/MarleenDeMeyer?f_ri=3793","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/800465/273852/6671171/s65_marleen.de_meyer.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":394,"name":"Egyptology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptology?f_ri=3793","nofollow":true},{"id":3793,"name":"Egyptian Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptian_Archaeology?f_ri=3793","nofollow":true},{"id":23462,"name":"Middle Kingdom necropoleis (Egyptology)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Middle_Kingdom_necropoleis_Egyptology_?f_ri=3793","nofollow":true},{"id":35525,"name":"Middle Kingdom","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Middle_Kingdom?f_ri=3793","nofollow":true},{"id":42716,"name":"Ancient Egyptian Art and Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Egyptian_Art_and_Archaeology?f_ri=3793"},{"id":83184,"name":"Middle Kingdom (Egyptology)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Middle_Kingdom_Egyptology_?f_ri=3793"},{"id":149483,"name":"Dayr al-Barsha","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Dayr_al-Barsha?f_ri=3793"},{"id":380041,"name":"Coffin Texts","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Coffin_Texts?f_ri=3793"},{"id":977436,"name":"Egyptian Coffins","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptian_Coffins?f_ri=3793"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_1151672" data-work_id="1151672" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/1151672/Contacts_between_Egypt_and_Syria_Palestine_as_seen_in_a_Grown_Settlement_of_the_late_Middle_Kingdom_at_Tell_el_Dabca_Egypt_in_J_Myn%C3%A1%C5%99ov%C3%A1_Hrg_Egypt_and_the_Near_East_The_Crossroads_Proceedings_of_the_International_Workshop_on_the_Relations_between_Egypt_and_the_Near_East_in_the_Bronze_Age_Prague_2011_41_72">Contacts between Egypt and Syria-Palestine as seen in a Grown Settlement of the late Middle Kingdom at Tell el-Dabca/Egypt, in: J. Mynářová (Hrg.), Egypt and the Near East – The Crossroads, Proceedings of the International Workshop on the Relations between Egypt and the Near East in the Bronze Age, Prague 2011, 41-72. </a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/1151672" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="f3d33c7d46f921135afdb3c2c5dbd238" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":31320601,"asset_id":1151672,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/31320601/download_file?st=MTczOTg1NzUxMyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="846624" href="https://oeaw.academia.edu/BettinaBader">Bettina Bader</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="846624" type="text/json">{"id":846624,"first_name":"Bettina","last_name":"Bader","domain_name":"oeaw","page_name":"BettinaBader","display_name":"Bettina Bader","profile_url":"https://oeaw.academia.edu/BettinaBader?f_ri=3793","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_1151672 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="1151672"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 1151672, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_1151672", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=1151672]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_1151672").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_1151672").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="1151672"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">4</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="3793" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptian_Archaeology">Egyptian Archaeology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="3793" type="text/json">{"id":3793,"name":"Egyptian Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptian_Archaeology?f_ri=3793","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="19046" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Migration_Anthropology_">Migration (Anthropology)</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="19046" type="text/json">{"id":19046,"name":"Migration (Anthropology)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Migration_Anthropology_?f_ri=3793","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="23841" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Migrations_Archaeology_">Migrations (Archaeology)</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="23841" type="text/json">{"id":23841,"name":"Migrations (Archaeology)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Migrations_Archaeology_?f_ri=3793","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="40780" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Settlement_archaeology">Settlement archaeology</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="40780" type="text/json">{"id":40780,"name":"Settlement archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Settlement_archaeology?f_ri=3793","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=1151672]'), work: {"id":1151672,"title":"Contacts between Egypt and Syria-Palestine as seen in a Grown Settlement of the late Middle Kingdom at Tell el-Dabca/Egypt, in: J. Mynářová (Hrg.), Egypt and the Near East – The Crossroads, Proceedings of the International Workshop on the Relations between Egypt and the Near East in the Bronze Age, Prague 2011, 41-72. ","created_at":"2011-12-12T01:53:49.447-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/1151672/Contacts_between_Egypt_and_Syria_Palestine_as_seen_in_a_Grown_Settlement_of_the_late_Middle_Kingdom_at_Tell_el_Dabca_Egypt_in_J_Myn%C3%A1%C5%99ov%C3%A1_Hrg_Egypt_and_the_Near_East_The_Crossroads_Proceedings_of_the_International_Workshop_on_the_Relations_between_Egypt_and_the_Near_East_in_the_Bronze_Age_Prague_2011_41_72?f_ri=3793","dom_id":"work_1151672","summary":null,"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":31320601,"asset_id":1151672,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":846624,"first_name":"Bettina","last_name":"Bader","domain_name":"oeaw","page_name":"BettinaBader","display_name":"Bettina Bader","profile_url":"https://oeaw.academia.edu/BettinaBader?f_ri=3793","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":3793,"name":"Egyptian Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptian_Archaeology?f_ri=3793","nofollow":true},{"id":19046,"name":"Migration (Anthropology)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Migration_Anthropology_?f_ri=3793","nofollow":true},{"id":23841,"name":"Migrations (Archaeology)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Migrations_Archaeology_?f_ri=3793","nofollow":true},{"id":40780,"name":"Settlement archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Settlement_archaeology?f_ri=3793","nofollow":true}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_10194989 coauthored" data-work_id="10194989" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/10194989/Navigated_spaces_connected_places_Proceedings_of_Red_Sea_Project_V_held_at_University_of_Exeter_16_19_September_2010">Navigated spaces, connected places. Proceedings of Red Sea Project V held at University of Exeter, 16-19 September 2010</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Navigated spaces, connected places. Proceedings of Red Sea Project V held at University of Exeter, 16-19 September 2010. British Archaeological Reports 2346. Archaeopress: Oxford, 2012. Pp. 249. Link:... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_10194989" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Navigated spaces, connected places. Proceedings of Red Sea Project V held at University of Exeter, 16-19 September 2010. British Archaeological Reports 2346. Archaeopress: Oxford, 2012. Pp. 249. <br />Link: <a href="https://www.barpublishing.com/navigated-spaces-connected-places.html" rel="nofollow">https://www.barpublishing.com/navigated-spaces-connected-places.html</a></div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/10194989" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="73c24d72df5921005ae7fe0566f6a2be" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":115760295,"asset_id":10194989,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/115760295/download_file?st=MTczOTg1NzUxMyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="2702247" href="https://ku-dk.academia.edu/AthenaTrakadas">Athena Trakadas</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="2702247" type="text/json">{"id":2702247,"first_name":"Athena","last_name":"Trakadas","domain_name":"ku-dk","page_name":"AthenaTrakadas","display_name":"Athena Trakadas","profile_url":"https://ku-dk.academia.edu/AthenaTrakadas?f_ri=3793","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/2702247/6745148/144832020/s65_athena.trakadas.jpg"}</script></span></span><span class="u-displayInlineBlock InlineList-item-text"> and <span class="u-textDecorationUnderline u-clickable InlineList-item-text js-work-more-authors-10194989">+1</span><div class="hidden js-additional-users-10194989"><div><span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a href="https://unior.academia.edu/ChiaraZazzaro">Chiara Zazzaro</a></span></div></div></span><script>(function(){ var popoverSettings = { el: $('.js-work-more-authors-10194989'), placement: 'bottom', hide_delay: 200, html: true, content: function(){ return $('.js-additional-users-10194989').html(); 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Proceedings of Red Sea Project V held at University of Exeter, 16-19 September 2010","created_at":"2015-01-16T08:57:37.673-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/10194989/Navigated_spaces_connected_places_Proceedings_of_Red_Sea_Project_V_held_at_University_of_Exeter_16_19_September_2010?f_ri=3793","dom_id":"work_10194989","summary":"Navigated spaces, connected places. Proceedings of Red Sea Project V held at University of Exeter, 16-19 September 2010. British Archaeological Reports 2346. Archaeopress: Oxford, 2012. Pp. 249.\r\nLink: https://www.barpublishing.com/navigated-spaces-connected-places.html","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":115760295,"asset_id":10194989,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":2702247,"first_name":"Athena","last_name":"Trakadas","domain_name":"ku-dk","page_name":"AthenaTrakadas","display_name":"Athena Trakadas","profile_url":"https://ku-dk.academia.edu/AthenaTrakadas?f_ri=3793","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/2702247/6745148/144832020/s65_athena.trakadas.jpg"},{"id":393910,"first_name":"Chiara","last_name":"Zazzaro","domain_name":"unior","page_name":"ChiaraZazzaro","display_name":"Chiara Zazzaro","profile_url":"https://unior.academia.edu/ChiaraZazzaro?f_ri=3793","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/393910/98650/205396/s65_chiara.zazzaro.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":396,"name":"Maritime Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Maritime_Archaeology?f_ri=3793","nofollow":true},{"id":3793,"name":"Egyptian Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptian_Archaeology?f_ri=3793","nofollow":true},{"id":61960,"name":"Red Sea","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Red_Sea?f_ri=3793","nofollow":true}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_9059932" data-work_id="9059932" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/9059932/Egyptian_Temples">Egyptian Temples</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Colossal stone temples are one of the most immediately recognisable products of ancient Egyptian civilisation: distinctive in appearance, striking in sheer size and impressive in the skill shown in the carving and painting of their walls.... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_9059932" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Colossal stone temples are one of the most immediately recognisable products of ancient Egyptian civilisation: distinctive in appearance, striking in sheer size and impressive in the skill shown in the carving and painting of their walls. This book looks at what is known about Egyptian temples, their chronological development, and the range of different religious structures referred to under the general heading of temples. Different chapters explain, with illustrations, the nature of Egyptian gods and why they needed temples to built for them, what went on within the buildings, and how priests, acting on behalf of the king, served the god on a daily basis and in regular festivals which involved the population as a whole. It explains the underlying ideas which result in Egyptian temples developing such a particular and peculiar appearance and why both architecture and decoration in Egyptian temples reflect different periods of temple building and different types of temple.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/9059932" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="f13f867105c75c073295c6429356694c" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":54520084,"asset_id":9059932,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/54520084/download_file?st=MTczOTg1NzUxMyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="6639286" href="https://liverpool.academia.edu/StevenSnape">Steven Snape</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="6639286" type="text/json">{"id":6639286,"first_name":"Steven","last_name":"Snape","domain_name":"liverpool","page_name":"StevenSnape","display_name":"Steven Snape","profile_url":"https://liverpool.academia.edu/StevenSnape?f_ri=3793","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/6639286/5666043/6446087/s65_steven.snape.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_9059932 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="9059932"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 9059932, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_9059932", }); 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This book looks at what is known about Egyptian temples, their chronological development, and the range of different religious structures referred to under the general heading of temples. Different chapters explain, with illustrations, the nature of Egyptian gods and why they needed temples to built for them, what went on within the buildings, and how priests, acting on behalf of the king, served the god on a daily basis and in regular festivals which involved the population as a whole. It explains the underlying ideas which result in Egyptian temples developing such a particular and peculiar appearance and why both architecture and decoration in Egyptian temples reflect different periods of temple building and different types of temple.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":54520084,"asset_id":9059932,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":6639286,"first_name":"Steven","last_name":"Snape","domain_name":"liverpool","page_name":"StevenSnape","display_name":"Steven Snape","profile_url":"https://liverpool.academia.edu/StevenSnape?f_ri=3793","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/6639286/5666043/6446087/s65_steven.snape.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":394,"name":"Egyptology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptology?f_ri=3793","nofollow":true},{"id":1372,"name":"Architecture","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Architecture?f_ri=3793","nofollow":true},{"id":1692,"name":"Egyptian Art and Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptian_Art_and_Archaeology?f_ri=3793","nofollow":true},{"id":3793,"name":"Egyptian Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptian_Archaeology?f_ri=3793","nofollow":true},{"id":7655,"name":"Architectural History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Architectural_History?f_ri=3793"},{"id":797635,"name":"Egyptian Temples","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptian_Temples?f_ri=3793"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_28405652" data-work_id="28405652" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/28405652/Conflict_in_the_Iconography_of_the_Protodynastic_and_Early_Dynastic_Periods">Conflict in the Iconography of the Protodynastic and Early Dynastic Periods</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest">Rich and Great: Studies in Honor of Anthony J. Spalinger on the Occasion  of his 70th Feast of Thoth, edited by Renata Landgráfová and Jana Mynáfová. Charles University in Prague, Faculty of Arts, 2016.</div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/28405652" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="71f6939c1f4a584e84355404462f300e" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":48745574,"asset_id":28405652,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/48745574/download_file?st=MTczOTg1NzUxMyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="210115" href="https://auckland.academia.edu/CalebHamilton">Caleb R . 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Spalinger on the Occasion of his 70th Feast of Thoth, edited by Renata Landgráfová and Jana Mynáfová. Charles University in Prague, Faculty of Arts, 2016.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":48745574,"asset_id":28405652,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":210115,"first_name":"Caleb","last_name":"Hamilton","domain_name":"auckland","page_name":"CalebHamilton","display_name":"Caleb R . 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'","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":36257577,"asset_id":10148971,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":883558,"first_name":"Sonia","last_name":"Zakrzewski","domain_name":"soton","page_name":"SoniaZakrzewski","display_name":"Sonia Zakrzewski","profile_url":"https://soton.academia.edu/SoniaZakrzewski?f_ri=3793","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/883558/321276/380906/s65_sonia.zakrzewski.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":394,"name":"Egyptology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptology?f_ri=3793","nofollow":true},{"id":1704,"name":"Bioarchaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Bioarchaeology?f_ri=3793","nofollow":true},{"id":2260,"name":"Disability Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Disability_Studies?f_ri=3793","nofollow":true},{"id":2364,"name":"Paleopathology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Paleopathology?f_ri=3793","nofollow":true},{"id":3657,"name":"Anthropology of the 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Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptian_Art_and_Archaeology?f_ri=3793","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="3793" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptian_Archaeology">Egyptian Archaeology</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="3793" type="text/json">{"id":3793,"name":"Egyptian Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptian_Archaeology?f_ri=3793","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=6599686]'), work: {"id":6599686,"title":"A Contribution to the Textual and Iconographical Study of Embossments from Third Intermediate Period Mummy Braces, Chiefly from the Bab el-Gasus Cache and Now in the Cairo 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Religion","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Egyptian_Religion?f_ri=3793","nofollow":true},{"id":394,"name":"Egyptology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptology?f_ri=3793","nofollow":true},{"id":1692,"name":"Egyptian Art and Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptian_Art_and_Archaeology?f_ri=3793","nofollow":true},{"id":3793,"name":"Egyptian Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptian_Archaeology?f_ri=3793","nofollow":true},{"id":9943,"name":"Egyptian History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptian_History?f_ri=3793"},{"id":32974,"name":"New Kingdom (Egyptology)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/New_Kingdom_Egyptology_?f_ri=3793"},{"id":33127,"name":"Third Intermediate Period","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Third_Intermediate_Period?f_ri=3793"},{"id":248229,"name":"•\t21st Dynasty funerary practice – reuse, robbery, and innovation and creation of the 21st Dynasty Egyptian Coffins Database.","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/_21st_Dynasty_funerary_practice_-_reuse_robbery_and_innovation_and_creation_of_the_21st_Dynas?f_ri=3793"},{"id":830018,"name":"High Priest of Amun","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/High_Priest_of_Amun?f_ri=3793"},{"id":925666,"name":"Thebes (Egypt)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Thebes_Egypt_?f_ri=3793"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_8052025" data-work_id="8052025" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/8052025/Hendrickx_S_The_emergence_of_the_Egyptian_state_in_Renfrew_C_and_Bahn_P_eds_The_Cambridge_World_Prehistory_Vol_1_Cambridge_2014_259_278">Hendrickx, S., The emergence of the Egyptian state [in] Renfrew, C. & Bahn, P. (eds.), The Cambridge World Prehistory. Vol. 1. Cambridge, 2014: 259-278.</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/8052025" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="389491" href="https://mad-fac.academia.edu/StanHendrickx">Stan Hendrickx</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="389491" type="text/json">{"id":389491,"first_name":"Stan","last_name":"Hendrickx","domain_name":"mad-fac","page_name":"StanHendrickx","display_name":"Stan Hendrickx","profile_url":"https://mad-fac.academia.edu/StanHendrickx?f_ri=3793","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_8052025 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="8052025"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 8052025, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_8052025", }); 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(eds.), The Cambridge World Prehistory. Vol. 1. Cambridge, 2014: 259-278.","created_at":"2014-08-22T07:06:42.411-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/8052025/Hendrickx_S_The_emergence_of_the_Egyptian_state_in_Renfrew_C_and_Bahn_P_eds_The_Cambridge_World_Prehistory_Vol_1_Cambridge_2014_259_278?f_ri=3793","dom_id":"work_8052025","summary":null,"downloadable_attachments":[],"ordered_authors":[{"id":389491,"first_name":"Stan","last_name":"Hendrickx","domain_name":"mad-fac","page_name":"StanHendrickx","display_name":"Stan Hendrickx","profile_url":"https://mad-fac.academia.edu/StanHendrickx?f_ri=3793","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":394,"name":"Egyptology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptology?f_ri=3793","nofollow":true},{"id":3793,"name":"Egyptian Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptian_Archaeology?f_ri=3793","nofollow":true},{"id":5293,"name":"State Formation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/State_Formation?f_ri=3793","nofollow":true},{"id":29542,"name":"Predynastic and Early Dynastic Egypt","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Predynastic_and_Early_Dynastic_Egypt?f_ri=3793","nofollow":true}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_22321320" data-work_id="22321320" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/22321320/CONSTRUCTION_OF_THE_TOP_OF_THE_EGYPTIAN_PYRAMIDS_AN_EXPERIMENTAL_TEST_OF_A_LEVERING_DEVICE">CONSTRUCTION OF THE TOP OF THE EGYPTIAN PYRAMIDS: AN EXPERIMENTAL TEST OF A LEVERING DEVICE</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">A great deal is known about Egyptian pyramid quarry sites, tools used in their construction, transportation of stones from the quarries to the pyramids, and the leveling of stones. However, there is a dearth of information concerning the... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_22321320" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">A great deal is known about Egyptian pyramid quarry sites, tools used in their construction, transportation of stones from the quarries to the pyramids, and the leveling of stones. However, there is a dearth of information concerning the process of lifting of the blocks from the ground onto the pyramid’s superstructure. While ramps are the most widely accepted method, it is an incomplete approach because ramping cannot lift the blocks at the top of the pyramid. Most Egyptologists suggest that a form of a levering device should accompany ramps to form an amalgamated method. Unfortunately, there are no experimental tests demonstrating that a levering device, composed of materials and technology available to the pyramid builders, can function to lift a block in the limited space available at the top of the superstructure. <br />My study involved a levering device designed to work with ramps to construct the top of the pyramid. My objective was to construct and build a working lever, by encasing its design within the framework of technologies and materials available to the ancient xiii Egyptian pyramid builders. Testing this lever entailed the fabrication of many models; tests with weights greater than 5560 pounds; and a large-scale experiment that raised a 2530-pound block up one tier in under a minute.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/22321320" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="b73f26d4cf00ac9566f5867e0ca82a9e" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":42960072,"asset_id":22321320,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/42960072/download_file?st=MTczOTg1NzUxNCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="2505686" href="https://independent.academia.edu/RScottHussey">R. Scott Hussey</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="2505686" type="text/json">{"id":2505686,"first_name":"R. Scott","last_name":"Hussey","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"RScottHussey","display_name":"R. Scott Hussey","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/RScottHussey?f_ri=3793","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/2505686/781636/13016964/s65_scott.hussey.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_22321320 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="22321320"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 22321320, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_22321320", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_22321320 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 22321320; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_22321320"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_22321320 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="22321320"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 22321320; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=22321320]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_22321320").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_22321320").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="22321320"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">10</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="394" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptology">Egyptology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="394" type="text/json">{"id":394,"name":"Egyptology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptology?f_ri=3793","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="395" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Experimental_Archaeology">Experimental Archaeology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="395" type="text/json">{"id":395,"name":"Experimental Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Experimental_Archaeology?f_ri=3793","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="3793" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptian_Archaeology">Egyptian Archaeology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="3793" type="text/json">{"id":3793,"name":"Egyptian Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptian_Archaeology?f_ri=3793","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="57237" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Old_Kingdom">Old Kingdom</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="57237" type="text/json">{"id":57237,"name":"Old Kingdom","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Old_Kingdom?f_ri=3793","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=22321320]'), work: {"id":22321320,"title":"CONSTRUCTION OF THE TOP OF THE EGYPTIAN PYRAMIDS: AN EXPERIMENTAL TEST OF A LEVERING DEVICE","created_at":"2016-02-22T21:50:41.078-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/22321320/CONSTRUCTION_OF_THE_TOP_OF_THE_EGYPTIAN_PYRAMIDS_AN_EXPERIMENTAL_TEST_OF_A_LEVERING_DEVICE?f_ri=3793","dom_id":"work_22321320","summary":"A great deal is known about Egyptian pyramid quarry sites, tools used in their construction, transportation of stones from the quarries to the pyramids, and the leveling of stones. However, there is a dearth of information concerning the process of lifting of the blocks from the ground onto the pyramid’s superstructure. While ramps are the most widely accepted method, it is an incomplete approach because ramping cannot lift the blocks at the top of the pyramid. Most Egyptologists suggest that a form of a levering device should accompany ramps to form an amalgamated method. Unfortunately, there are no experimental tests demonstrating that a levering device, composed of materials and technology available to the pyramid builders, can function to lift a block in the limited space available at the top of the superstructure. \nMy study involved a levering device designed to work with ramps to construct the top of the pyramid. My objective was to construct and build a working lever, by encasing its design within the framework of technologies and materials available to the ancient xiii Egyptian pyramid builders. Testing this lever entailed the fabrication of many models; tests with weights greater than 5560 pounds; and a large-scale experiment that raised a 2530-pound block up one tier in under a minute.\n","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":42960072,"asset_id":22321320,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":2505686,"first_name":"R. Scott","last_name":"Hussey","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"RScottHussey","display_name":"R. Scott Hussey","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/RScottHussey?f_ri=3793","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/2505686/781636/13016964/s65_scott.hussey.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":394,"name":"Egyptology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptology?f_ri=3793","nofollow":true},{"id":395,"name":"Experimental Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Experimental_Archaeology?f_ri=3793","nofollow":true},{"id":3793,"name":"Egyptian Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptian_Archaeology?f_ri=3793","nofollow":true},{"id":57237,"name":"Old Kingdom","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Old_Kingdom?f_ri=3793","nofollow":true},{"id":256223,"name":"The great pyramid, Egypt","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/The_great_pyramid_Egypt?f_ri=3793"},{"id":479316,"name":"Ancient Egyptian pyramids","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Egyptian_pyramids?f_ri=3793"},{"id":479318,"name":"ancient Egypytian pyramids","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/ancient_Egypytian_pyramids?f_ri=3793"},{"id":1266408,"name":"Pyramid of Giza","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Pyramid_of_Giza?f_ri=3793"},{"id":1572170,"name":"Khufu pyramid","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Khufu_pyramid?f_ri=3793"},{"id":2270394,"name":"Egyptology - construction of the Pyramids","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptology_-_construction_of_the_Pyramids?f_ri=3793"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_42755858 coauthored" data-work_id="42755858" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/42755858/Apostola_E_and_Kousoulis_P_2019_Aegyptiaca_in_archaic_Greece_preliminary_remarks_on_scarabs_and_scaraboids_from_the_Sanctuary_of_Ialysus_Rhodes_G%C3%B6ttinger_Miszellen_258_9_20_pls_I_IV">Apostola, E. and Kousoulis, P. 2019. Aegyptiaca in archaic Greece: preliminary remarks on scarabs and scaraboids from the Sanctuary of Ialysus (Rhodes). Göttinger Miszellen 258, 9-20, pls. I-IV</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">In the Early Iron Age the Eastern Mediterranean gradually turned into a complex network of systematic contacts among the Aegean, Cyprus, Egypt, Syro-Palestine and areas of the Near East. From the tenth century BC onwards relations between... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_42755858" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">In the Early Iron Age the Eastern Mediterranean gradually turned into a complex network of systematic contacts among the Aegean, Cyprus, Egypt, Syro-Palestine and areas of the Near East. From the tenth century BC onwards relations between the Aegean and the Eastern Mediterranean were intensified mainly due to the growing Cypriot, Euboean and Phoenician commercial activity. Moreover, from the eighth to the sixth century BC direct cultural contact between the Nile land and the Greek world gained ground and this was demonstrated in multiple and different ways. Greek traders were active in the Nile Delta from the middle of the seventh century BC or even earlier, but trade obtained a more profound character only after the foundation of Naukratis at the end of the seventh century BC. Furthermore, written testimonies about pharaonic gifts to Greek sanctuaries indicate diplomatic relations among the Saite Dynasty and Greek cities, particularly in the East Greece. Another significant aspect of cross cultural interaction was the recruitment of Ionian and Carian mercenaries by Psamtek I (664-610 BC). Some of them who rose to high offices were gradually assimilated in the Egyptian society by marrying Egyptian women, participated in religious ceremonies and even followed local burial customs. As a result of the aforementioned cultural contact, Egyptian ideas affected different aspects of life and art, as shown by the impact on monumental sculpture, architecture and pottery analyzed in many studies. Less visible, but still traceable, is the relation of Egyptian religious ideology with Greek philosophy.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/42755858" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="c78d2b324d84802c8b070600c08d450b" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":62976646,"asset_id":42755858,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/62976646/download_file?st=MTczOTg1NzUxNCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="343417" href="https://aegean.academia.edu/PanagiotisKousoulis">Panagiotis Kousoulis</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="343417" type="text/json">{"id":343417,"first_name":"Panagiotis","last_name":"Kousoulis","domain_name":"aegean","page_name":"PanagiotisKousoulis","display_name":"Panagiotis Kousoulis","profile_url":"https://aegean.academia.edu/PanagiotisKousoulis?f_ri=3793","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/343417/96691/29437333/s65_panagiotis.kousoulis.jpg"}</script></span></span><span class="u-displayInlineBlock InlineList-item-text"> and <span class="u-textDecorationUnderline u-clickable InlineList-item-text js-work-more-authors-42755858">+1</span><div class="hidden js-additional-users-42755858"><div><span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a href="https://aegean.academia.edu/ElectraApostola">Electra Apostola</a></span></div></div></span><script>(function(){ var popoverSettings = { el: $('.js-work-more-authors-42755858'), placement: 'bottom', hide_delay: 200, html: true, content: function(){ return $('.js-additional-users-42755858').html(); 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Moreover, from the eighth to the sixth century BC direct cultural contact between the Nile land and the Greek world gained ground and this was demonstrated in multiple and different ways. Greek traders were active in the Nile Delta from the middle of the seventh century BC or even earlier, but trade obtained a more profound character only after the foundation of Naukratis at the end of the seventh century BC. Furthermore, written testimonies about pharaonic gifts to Greek sanctuaries indicate diplomatic relations among the Saite Dynasty and Greek cities, particularly in the East Greece. Another significant aspect of cross cultural interaction was the recruitment of Ionian and Carian mercenaries by Psamtek I (664-610 BC). Some of them who rose to high offices were gradually assimilated in the Egyptian society by marrying Egyptian women, participated in religious ceremonies and even followed local burial customs. 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class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="23462" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Middle_Kingdom_necropoleis_Egyptology_">Middle Kingdom necropoleis (Egyptology)</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="23462" type="text/json">{"id":23462,"name":"Middle Kingdom necropoleis (Egyptology)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Middle_Kingdom_necropoleis_Egyptology_?f_ri=3793","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="42716" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Egyptian_Art_and_Archaeology">Ancient Egyptian Art and Archaeology</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="42716" type="text/json">{"id":42716,"name":"Ancient Egyptian Art and Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Egyptian_Art_and_Archaeology?f_ri=3793","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=19659430]'), work: {"id":19659430,"title":"Gouverneur Nehri I en zijn graf in Deir el-Bersha","created_at":"2015-12-14T15:09:54.079-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/19659430/Gouverneur_Nehri_I_en_zijn_graf_in_Deir_el_Bersha?f_ri=3793","dom_id":"work_19659430","summary":null,"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":55740095,"asset_id":19659430,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":1549528,"first_name":"Georgia","last_name":"Long","domain_name":"pisa","page_name":"GeorgiaLong","display_name":"Georgia Long","profile_url":"https://pisa.academia.edu/GeorgiaLong?f_ri=3793","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/1549528/560558/26378874/s65_georgia.long.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":394,"name":"Egyptology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptology?f_ri=3793","nofollow":true},{"id":3793,"name":"Egyptian Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptian_Archaeology?f_ri=3793","nofollow":true},{"id":23462,"name":"Middle Kingdom necropoleis (Egyptology)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Middle_Kingdom_necropoleis_Egyptology_?f_ri=3793","nofollow":true},{"id":42716,"name":"Ancient Egyptian Art and Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Egyptian_Art_and_Archaeology?f_ri=3793","nofollow":true},{"id":149483,"name":"Dayr al-Barsha","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Dayr_al-Barsha?f_ri=3793"},{"id":380041,"name":"Coffin Texts","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Coffin_Texts?f_ri=3793"},{"id":977436,"name":"Egyptian Coffins","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptian_Coffins?f_ri=3793"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_61717126" data-work_id="61717126" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/61717126/A_Well_stocked_Kitchen_Model_Food_Offerings_from_the_Middle_Kingdom_PDF_on_demand_">A Well-stocked Kitchen. Model Food Offerings from the Middle Kingdom (PDF on demand)</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">The paper discusses a largely unpublished collection of model food offerings from an elite Middle Kingdom tomb at Dayr al-Barshā. Part of this set was found in 1900 and was assigned to the Egyptian Museum in Cairo, while the remainder was... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_61717126" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">The paper discusses a largely unpublished collection of model food offerings from an elite Middle Kingdom tomb at Dayr al-Barshā. Part of this set was found in 1900 and was assigned to the Egyptian Museum in Cairo, while the remainder was excavated during the 2017 campaign of KU Leuven. The material contributes to a rare type of model food offering, made in a mix of fragile materials such as clay, linen and plaster, so far attested only at Dayr al-Barshā. The objects are brought together for the first time in this paper, and are discussed within the broader context of model food offerings of the Old and Middle Kingdoms. <br /> <br />_____Full reference: Long, G. (2021). A Well-stocked Kitchen. Model Food Offerings from the Middle Kingdom. In: W. Claes, M. De Meyer, M. Eyckerman & D. Huyge† (eds), Remove that Pyramid! Studies on the Archaeology and History of Predynastic and Pharaonic Egypt in Honour of Stan Hendrickx (OLA 305), Leuven: 759-806.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/61717126" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="a7da6b68438c3ce6f990ca20ac1a56e7" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":75556525,"asset_id":61717126,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/75556525/download_file?st=MTczOTg1NzUxNCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="1549528" href="https://pisa.academia.edu/GeorgiaLong">Georgia Long</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="1549528" type="text/json">{"id":1549528,"first_name":"Georgia","last_name":"Long","domain_name":"pisa","page_name":"GeorgiaLong","display_name":"Georgia Long","profile_url":"https://pisa.academia.edu/GeorgiaLong?f_ri=3793","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/1549528/560558/26378874/s65_georgia.long.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_61717126 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="61717126"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 61717126, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_61717126", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=61717126]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_61717126").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_61717126").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="61717126"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">10</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="394" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptology">Egyptology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="394" type="text/json">{"id":394,"name":"Egyptology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptology?f_ri=3793","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="3793" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptian_Archaeology">Egyptian Archaeology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="3793" type="text/json">{"id":3793,"name":"Egyptian Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptian_Archaeology?f_ri=3793","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="23462" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Middle_Kingdom_necropoleis_Egyptology_">Middle Kingdom necropoleis (Egyptology)</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="23462" type="text/json">{"id":23462,"name":"Middle Kingdom necropoleis (Egyptology)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Middle_Kingdom_necropoleis_Egyptology_?f_ri=3793","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="42716" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Egyptian_Art_and_Archaeology">Ancient Egyptian Art and Archaeology</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="42716" type="text/json">{"id":42716,"name":"Ancient Egyptian Art and Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Egyptian_Art_and_Archaeology?f_ri=3793","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=61717126]'), work: {"id":61717126,"title":"A Well-stocked Kitchen. Model Food Offerings from the Middle Kingdom (PDF on demand)","created_at":"2021-11-15T09:29:17.650-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/61717126/A_Well_stocked_Kitchen_Model_Food_Offerings_from_the_Middle_Kingdom_PDF_on_demand_?f_ri=3793","dom_id":"work_61717126","summary":"The paper discusses a largely unpublished collection of model food offerings from an elite Middle Kingdom tomb at Dayr al-Barshā. Part of this set was found in 1900 and was assigned to the Egyptian Museum in Cairo, while the remainder was excavated during the 2017 campaign of KU Leuven. The material contributes to a rare type of model food offering, made in a mix of fragile materials such as clay, linen and plaster, so far attested only at Dayr al-Barshā. The objects are brought together for the first time in this paper, and are discussed within the broader context of model food offerings of the Old and Middle Kingdoms.\r\n \r\n_____Full reference: Long, G. (2021). A Well-stocked Kitchen. Model Food Offerings from the Middle Kingdom. In: W. Claes, M. De Meyer, M. Eyckerman \u0026 D. Huyge† (eds), Remove that Pyramid! Studies on the Archaeology and History of Predynastic and Pharaonic Egypt in Honour of Stan Hendrickx (OLA 305), Leuven: 759-806.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":75556525,"asset_id":61717126,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false},{"id":74683847,"asset_id":61717126,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":1549528,"first_name":"Georgia","last_name":"Long","domain_name":"pisa","page_name":"GeorgiaLong","display_name":"Georgia Long","profile_url":"https://pisa.academia.edu/GeorgiaLong?f_ri=3793","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/1549528/560558/26378874/s65_georgia.long.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":394,"name":"Egyptology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptology?f_ri=3793","nofollow":true},{"id":3793,"name":"Egyptian Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptian_Archaeology?f_ri=3793","nofollow":true},{"id":23462,"name":"Middle Kingdom necropoleis (Egyptology)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Middle_Kingdom_necropoleis_Egyptology_?f_ri=3793","nofollow":true},{"id":42716,"name":"Ancient Egyptian Art and Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Egyptian_Art_and_Archaeology?f_ri=3793","nofollow":true},{"id":54088,"name":"Funerary Equipment (Egyptology)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Funerary_Equipment_Egyptology_?f_ri=3793"},{"id":83184,"name":"Middle Kingdom (Egyptology)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Middle_Kingdom_Egyptology_?f_ri=3793"},{"id":149483,"name":"Dayr al-Barsha","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Dayr_al-Barsha?f_ri=3793"},{"id":176406,"name":"Wooden Models","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Wooden_Models?f_ri=3793"},{"id":959964,"name":"Late Middle Kingdom Egypt","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Late_Middle_Kingdom_Egypt?f_ri=3793"},{"id":2027427,"name":"Ancient Egyptian Foods","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Egyptian_Foods?f_ri=3793"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_2025359 coauthored" data-work_id="2025359" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/2025359/Hendrickx_S_and_Eyckerman_M_Visual_representation_and_state_formation_in_Egypt_Arch%C3%A9o_Nil_22_2012_23_72">Hendrickx, S. & Eyckerman, M., Visual representation and state formation in Egypt. Archéo-Nil, 22 (2012): 23-72.</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">In Predynastic representations, strongly stylised animals and plants with symbolic values occur. The astonishing craftsmanship by which some objects were decorated shows that the artisans were capable of producing almost any kind of... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_2025359" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">In Predynastic representations, strongly stylised animals and plants with symbolic values occur. The astonishing craftsmanship by which some objects were decorated shows that the artisans were capable of producing almost any kind of representation they would have desired. Therefore, if a representation is stylised, this should be intentional. One of the most important reasons for the stylisation will have been the fact that the artisans did not want to render the exact image of one individual animal,  but on the contrary the general idea and characteristics of the animal. Another reason for this mode of representation was to allow double interpretations, or more exactly to combine originally independent ideas into new symbols. They will become a kind of labels, which can be used in different contexts. This mode of representation occurs from the very beginning of the Naqada culture and continues throughout the whole of it. Changes will certainly have occurred during this period of nearly a thousand years, but a number of basic iconographic elements continued to be used. Some of them were integrated into formal Egyptian art, others were not and disappeared from the artistic record. A close relationship can be observed between bovines (principally the bull), birds (originally probably the ostrich but from the Naqada III period onwards mainly the falcon), the hippopotamus and the so-called “Naqada plant”. But human representations are the central element around which this visual language is built. From the very beginning of the Naqada I period, semantic representations of military victory are attested while an iconography related to the afterlife is shown on the Naqada II Decorated pottery.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/2025359" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="6556dee6039d2dd976ca1cd59f06dc25" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":33887470,"asset_id":2025359,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/33887470/download_file?st=MTczOTg1NzUxNCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="389491" href="https://mad-fac.academia.edu/StanHendrickx">Stan Hendrickx</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="389491" type="text/json">{"id":389491,"first_name":"Stan","last_name":"Hendrickx","domain_name":"mad-fac","page_name":"StanHendrickx","display_name":"Stan Hendrickx","profile_url":"https://mad-fac.academia.edu/StanHendrickx?f_ri=3793","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span><span class="u-displayInlineBlock InlineList-item-text"> and <span class="u-textDecorationUnderline u-clickable InlineList-item-text js-work-more-authors-2025359">+1</span><div class="hidden js-additional-users-2025359"><div><span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a href="https://mad-fac.academia.edu/MerelEyckerman">Merel Eyckerman</a></span></div></div></span><script>(function(){ var popoverSettings = { el: $('.js-work-more-authors-2025359'), placement: 'bottom', hide_delay: 200, html: true, content: function(){ return $('.js-additional-users-2025359').html(); 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container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_2025359 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="2025359"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 2025359; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=2025359]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_2025359").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_2025359").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="2025359"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">11</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="394" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptology">Egyptology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="394" type="text/json">{"id":394,"name":"Egyptology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptology?f_ri=3793","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="394" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptology">Egyptology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="394" type="text/json">{"id":394,"name":"Egyptology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptology?f_ri=3793","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1692" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptian_Art_and_Archaeology">Egyptian Art and Archaeology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1692" type="text/json">{"id":1692,"name":"Egyptian Art and Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptian_Art_and_Archaeology?f_ri=3793","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1692" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptian_Art_and_Archaeology">Egyptian Art and Archaeology</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="1692" type="text/json">{"id":1692,"name":"Egyptian Art and Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptian_Art_and_Archaeology?f_ri=3793","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=2025359]'), work: {"id":2025359,"title":"Hendrickx, S. \u0026 Eyckerman, M., Visual representation and state formation in Egypt. Archéo-Nil, 22 (2012): 23-72.","created_at":"2012-10-13T08:15:39.919-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/2025359/Hendrickx_S_and_Eyckerman_M_Visual_representation_and_state_formation_in_Egypt_Arch%C3%A9o_Nil_22_2012_23_72?f_ri=3793","dom_id":"work_2025359","summary":"In Predynastic representations, strongly stylised animals and plants with symbolic values occur. The astonishing craftsmanship by which some objects were decorated shows that the artisans were capable of producing almost any kind of representation they would have desired. Therefore, if a representation is stylised, this should be intentional. One of the most important reasons for the stylisation will have been the fact that the artisans did not want to render the exact image of one individual animal, but on the contrary the general idea and characteristics of the animal. Another reason for this mode of representation was to allow double interpretations, or more exactly to combine originally independent ideas into new symbols. They will become a kind of labels, which can be used in different contexts. This mode of representation occurs from the very beginning of the Naqada culture and continues throughout the whole of it. Changes will certainly have occurred during this period of nearly a thousand years, but a number of basic iconographic elements continued to be used. Some of them were integrated into formal Egyptian art, others were not and disappeared from the artistic record. A close relationship can be observed between bovines (principally the bull), birds (originally probably the ostrich but from the Naqada III period onwards mainly the falcon), the hippopotamus and the so-called “Naqada plant”. But human representations are the central element around which this visual language is built. From the very beginning of the Naqada I period, semantic representations of military victory are attested while an iconography related to the afterlife is shown on the Naqada II Decorated pottery.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":33887470,"asset_id":2025359,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":389491,"first_name":"Stan","last_name":"Hendrickx","domain_name":"mad-fac","page_name":"StanHendrickx","display_name":"Stan Hendrickx","profile_url":"https://mad-fac.academia.edu/StanHendrickx?f_ri=3793","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"},{"id":34126375,"first_name":"Merel","last_name":"Eyckerman","domain_name":"mad-fac","page_name":"MerelEyckerman","display_name":"Merel Eyckerman","profile_url":"https://mad-fac.academia.edu/MerelEyckerman?f_ri=3793","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/34126375/10035110/11193571/s65_merel.eyckerman.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":394,"name":"Egyptology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptology?f_ri=3793","nofollow":true},{"id":394,"name":"Egyptology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptology?f_ri=3793","nofollow":true},{"id":1692,"name":"Egyptian Art and Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptian_Art_and_Archaeology?f_ri=3793","nofollow":true},{"id":1692,"name":"Egyptian Art and Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptian_Art_and_Archaeology?f_ri=3793","nofollow":true},{"id":3793,"name":"Egyptian Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptian_Archaeology?f_ri=3793"},{"id":3793,"name":"Egyptian Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptian_Archaeology?f_ri=3793"},{"id":5293,"name":"State Formation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/State_Formation?f_ri=3793"},{"id":5293,"name":"State Formation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/State_Formation?f_ri=3793"},{"id":18266,"name":"Animal Symbolism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Animal_Symbolism?f_ri=3793"},{"id":29542,"name":"Predynastic and Early Dynastic Egypt","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Predynastic_and_Early_Dynastic_Egypt?f_ri=3793"},{"id":29542,"name":"Predynastic and Early Dynastic Egypt","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Predynastic_and_Early_Dynastic_Egypt?f_ri=3793"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_2025359 coauthored" data-work_id="2025359" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/2025359/Hendrickx_S_and_Eyckerman_M_Visual_representation_and_state_formation_in_Egypt_Arch%C3%A9o_Nil_22_2012_23_72">Hendrickx, S. & Eyckerman, M., Visual representation and state formation in Egypt. Archéo-Nil, 22 (2012): 23-72.</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">In Predynastic representations, strongly stylised animals and plants with symbolic values occur. The astonishing craftsmanship by which some objects were decorated shows that the artisans were capable of producing almost any kind of... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_2025359" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">In Predynastic representations, strongly stylised animals and plants with symbolic values occur. The astonishing craftsmanship by which some objects were decorated shows that the artisans were capable of producing almost any kind of representation they would have desired. Therefore, if a representation is stylised, this should be intentional. One of the most important reasons for the stylisation will have been the fact that the artisans did not want to render the exact image of one individual animal,  but on the contrary the general idea and characteristics of the animal. Another reason for this mode of representation was to allow double interpretations, or more exactly to combine originally independent ideas into new symbols. They will become a kind of labels, which can be used in different contexts. This mode of representation occurs from the very beginning of the Naqada culture and continues throughout the whole of it. Changes will certainly have occurred during this period of nearly a thousand years, but a number of basic iconographic elements continued to be used. Some of them were integrated into formal Egyptian art, others were not and disappeared from the artistic record. A close relationship can be observed between bovines (principally the bull), birds (originally probably the ostrich but from the Naqada III period onwards mainly the falcon), the hippopotamus and the so-called “Naqada plant”. But human representations are the central element around which this visual language is built. From the very beginning of the Naqada I period, semantic representations of military victory are attested while an iconography related to the afterlife is shown on the Naqada II Decorated pottery.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/2025359" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="bcc1ad5b44e623dabf413d5643691f87" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":33887470,"asset_id":2025359,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/33887470/download_file?st=MTczOTg1NzUxNCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="389491" href="https://mad-fac.academia.edu/StanHendrickx">Stan Hendrickx</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="389491" type="text/json">{"id":389491,"first_name":"Stan","last_name":"Hendrickx","domain_name":"mad-fac","page_name":"StanHendrickx","display_name":"Stan Hendrickx","profile_url":"https://mad-fac.academia.edu/StanHendrickx?f_ri=3793","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span><span class="u-displayInlineBlock InlineList-item-text"> and <span class="u-textDecorationUnderline u-clickable InlineList-item-text js-work-more-authors-2025359">+1</span><div class="hidden js-additional-users-2025359"><div><span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a href="https://mad-fac.academia.edu/MerelEyckerman">Merel Eyckerman</a></span></div></div></span><script>(function(){ var popoverSettings = { el: $('.js-work-more-authors-2025359'), placement: 'bottom', hide_delay: 200, html: true, content: function(){ return $('.js-additional-users-2025359').html(); 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container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_2025359 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="2025359"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 2025359; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=2025359]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_2025359").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_2025359").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="2025359"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">11</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="394" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptology">Egyptology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="394" type="text/json">{"id":394,"name":"Egyptology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptology?f_ri=3793","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="394" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptology">Egyptology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="394" type="text/json">{"id":394,"name":"Egyptology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptology?f_ri=3793","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1692" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptian_Art_and_Archaeology">Egyptian Art and Archaeology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1692" type="text/json">{"id":1692,"name":"Egyptian Art and Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptian_Art_and_Archaeology?f_ri=3793","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1692" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptian_Art_and_Archaeology">Egyptian Art and Archaeology</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="1692" type="text/json">{"id":1692,"name":"Egyptian Art and Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptian_Art_and_Archaeology?f_ri=3793","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=2025359]'), work: {"id":2025359,"title":"Hendrickx, S. \u0026 Eyckerman, M., Visual representation and state formation in Egypt. Archéo-Nil, 22 (2012): 23-72.","created_at":"2012-10-13T08:15:39.919-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/2025359/Hendrickx_S_and_Eyckerman_M_Visual_representation_and_state_formation_in_Egypt_Arch%C3%A9o_Nil_22_2012_23_72?f_ri=3793","dom_id":"work_2025359","summary":"In Predynastic representations, strongly stylised animals and plants with symbolic values occur. The astonishing craftsmanship by which some objects were decorated shows that the artisans were capable of producing almost any kind of representation they would have desired. Therefore, if a representation is stylised, this should be intentional. One of the most important reasons for the stylisation will have been the fact that the artisans did not want to render the exact image of one individual animal, but on the contrary the general idea and characteristics of the animal. Another reason for this mode of representation was to allow double interpretations, or more exactly to combine originally independent ideas into new symbols. They will become a kind of labels, which can be used in different contexts. This mode of representation occurs from the very beginning of the Naqada culture and continues throughout the whole of it. Changes will certainly have occurred during this period of nearly a thousand years, but a number of basic iconographic elements continued to be used. Some of them were integrated into formal Egyptian art, others were not and disappeared from the artistic record. A close relationship can be observed between bovines (principally the bull), birds (originally probably the ostrich but from the Naqada III period onwards mainly the falcon), the hippopotamus and the so-called “Naqada plant”. But human representations are the central element around which this visual language is built. From the very beginning of the Naqada I period, semantic representations of military victory are attested while an iconography related to the afterlife is shown on the Naqada II Decorated pottery.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":33887470,"asset_id":2025359,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":389491,"first_name":"Stan","last_name":"Hendrickx","domain_name":"mad-fac","page_name":"StanHendrickx","display_name":"Stan Hendrickx","profile_url":"https://mad-fac.academia.edu/StanHendrickx?f_ri=3793","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"},{"id":34126375,"first_name":"Merel","last_name":"Eyckerman","domain_name":"mad-fac","page_name":"MerelEyckerman","display_name":"Merel Eyckerman","profile_url":"https://mad-fac.academia.edu/MerelEyckerman?f_ri=3793","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/34126375/10035110/11193571/s65_merel.eyckerman.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":394,"name":"Egyptology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptology?f_ri=3793","nofollow":true},{"id":394,"name":"Egyptology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptology?f_ri=3793","nofollow":true},{"id":1692,"name":"Egyptian Art and Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptian_Art_and_Archaeology?f_ri=3793","nofollow":true},{"id":1692,"name":"Egyptian Art and Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptian_Art_and_Archaeology?f_ri=3793","nofollow":true},{"id":3793,"name":"Egyptian Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptian_Archaeology?f_ri=3793"},{"id":3793,"name":"Egyptian Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptian_Archaeology?f_ri=3793"},{"id":5293,"name":"State Formation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/State_Formation?f_ri=3793"},{"id":5293,"name":"State Formation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/State_Formation?f_ri=3793"},{"id":18266,"name":"Animal Symbolism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Animal_Symbolism?f_ri=3793"},{"id":29542,"name":"Predynastic and Early Dynastic Egypt","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Predynastic_and_Early_Dynastic_Egypt?f_ri=3793"},{"id":29542,"name":"Predynastic and Early Dynastic Egypt","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Predynastic_and_Early_Dynastic_Egypt?f_ri=3793"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_45020039" data-work_id="45020039" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/45020039/Scorpion_II_A_new_theory">Scorpion II: A new theory</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">The identification of Scorpion II as a royal name is based primarily on the Scorpion Macehead. This monument, undoubtedly of royal origin, is one of the most controversial and widely discussed objects from the late... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_45020039" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">The identification of Scorpion II as a royal name  is  based  primarily  on  the  Scorpion Macehead.  This  monument,  undoubtedly of royal origin, is one of the most controversial  and  widely  discussed  objects  from  the late Predynastic period in Egypt. It has been attributed to <br />“King Scorpion” based on the presence of a rosette and a scorpion depicted immediately in front of <br />the face of the king. Alternatively, it has been ascribed to Narmer because of the stylistic resemblance with that king’s monuments. This paper will demonstrate that King Scorpion II did, in fact, exist. The minor Gebel Sheikh Suleiman rock carving and the Munich Statuette will also be considered as possible examples of Scorpion II’s name and, therefore, evidence of his historical existence.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/45020039" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="a16da1da0a87453c058488d9dc92f101" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":65567999,"asset_id":45020039,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/65567999/download_file?st=MTczOTg1NzUxNCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="4335419" href="https://independent.academia.edu/ThomasHeagy">Thomas Heagy</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="4335419" type="text/json">{"id":4335419,"first_name":"Thomas","last_name":"Heagy","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"ThomasHeagy","display_name":"Thomas Heagy","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/ThomasHeagy?f_ri=3793","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/4335419/1741054/24059394/s65_thomas.heagy.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_45020039 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="45020039"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 45020039, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_45020039", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=45020039]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_45020039").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_45020039").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="45020039"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">3</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="394" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptology">Egyptology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="394" type="text/json">{"id":394,"name":"Egyptology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptology?f_ri=3793","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="3793" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptian_Archaeology">Egyptian Archaeology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="3793" type="text/json">{"id":3793,"name":"Egyptian Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptian_Archaeology?f_ri=3793","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="34746" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Egyptian_History">Ancient Egyptian History</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="34746" type="text/json">{"id":34746,"name":"Ancient Egyptian History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Egyptian_History?f_ri=3793","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=45020039]'), work: {"id":45020039,"title":"Scorpion II: A new theory","created_at":"2021-01-31T13:43:04.264-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/45020039/Scorpion_II_A_new_theory?f_ri=3793","dom_id":"work_45020039","summary":"The identification of Scorpion II as a royal name is based primarily on the Scorpion Macehead. This monument, undoubtedly of royal origin, is one of the most controversial and widely discussed objects from the late Predynastic period in Egypt. It has been attributed to \n“King Scorpion” based on the presence of a rosette and a scorpion depicted immediately in front of \nthe face of the king. Alternatively, it has been ascribed to Narmer because of the stylistic resemblance with that king’s monuments. This paper will demonstrate that King Scorpion II did, in fact, exist. The minor Gebel Sheikh Suleiman rock carving and the Munich Statuette will also be considered as possible examples of Scorpion II’s name and, therefore, evidence of his historical existence.\n","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":65567999,"asset_id":45020039,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":4335419,"first_name":"Thomas","last_name":"Heagy","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"ThomasHeagy","display_name":"Thomas Heagy","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/ThomasHeagy?f_ri=3793","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/4335419/1741054/24059394/s65_thomas.heagy.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":394,"name":"Egyptology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptology?f_ri=3793","nofollow":true},{"id":3793,"name":"Egyptian Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptian_Archaeology?f_ri=3793","nofollow":true},{"id":34746,"name":"Ancient Egyptian History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Egyptian_History?f_ri=3793","nofollow":true}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_19667443" data-work_id="19667443" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/19667443/Navires_et_construction_navale_en_%C3%89gypte_ancienne_in_B_Arg%C3%A9mi_P_Tallet_%C3%A9d_Entre_Nil_et_mers_La_navigation_en_%C3%89gypte_ancienne_Nehet_3_d%C3%A9cembre_2015_p_1_29">Navires et construction navale en Égypte ancienne, in B. Argémi, P. Tallet (éd.), Entre Nil et mers. La navigation en Égypte ancienne, Nehet 3, décembre 2015, p. 1-29.</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/19667443" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="035f3bdcbdb2e24bb18d5e09716073c7" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":40769873,"asset_id":19667443,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/40769873/download_file?st=MTczOTg1NzUxNCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="14747862" href="https://univ-amu.academia.edu/POMEYPATRICE">POMEY PATRICE</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="14747862" type="text/json">{"id":14747862,"first_name":"POMEY","last_name":"PATRICE","domain_name":"univ-amu","page_name":"POMEYPATRICE","display_name":"POMEY PATRICE","profile_url":"https://univ-amu.academia.edu/POMEYPATRICE?f_ri=3793","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/14747862/7409163/16616643/s65_pomey.patrice.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_19667443 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="19667443"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 19667443, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_19667443", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=19667443]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_19667443").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_19667443").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="19667443"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">6</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="394" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptology">Egyptology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="394" type="text/json">{"id":394,"name":"Egyptology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptology?f_ri=3793","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="396" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Maritime_Archaeology">Maritime Archaeology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="396" type="text/json">{"id":396,"name":"Maritime Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Maritime_Archaeology?f_ri=3793","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="3793" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptian_Archaeology">Egyptian Archaeology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="3793" type="text/json">{"id":3793,"name":"Egyptian Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptian_Archaeology?f_ri=3793","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="30137" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Nautical_Archaeology">Nautical Archaeology</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="30137" type="text/json">{"id":30137,"name":"Nautical Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Nautical_Archaeology?f_ri=3793","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=19667443]'), work: {"id":19667443,"title":"Navires et construction navale en Égypte ancienne, in B. Argémi, P. Tallet (éd.), Entre Nil et mers. La navigation en Égypte ancienne, Nehet 3, décembre 2015, p. 1-29.","created_at":"2015-12-15T03:57:21.307-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/19667443/Navires_et_construction_navale_en_%C3%89gypte_ancienne_in_B_Arg%C3%A9mi_P_Tallet_%C3%A9d_Entre_Nil_et_mers_La_navigation_en_%C3%89gypte_ancienne_Nehet_3_d%C3%A9cembre_2015_p_1_29?f_ri=3793","dom_id":"work_19667443","summary":null,"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":40769873,"asset_id":19667443,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":14747862,"first_name":"POMEY","last_name":"PATRICE","domain_name":"univ-amu","page_name":"POMEYPATRICE","display_name":"POMEY PATRICE","profile_url":"https://univ-amu.academia.edu/POMEYPATRICE?f_ri=3793","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/14747862/7409163/16616643/s65_pomey.patrice.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":394,"name":"Egyptology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptology?f_ri=3793","nofollow":true},{"id":396,"name":"Maritime Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Maritime_Archaeology?f_ri=3793","nofollow":true},{"id":3793,"name":"Egyptian Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptian_Archaeology?f_ri=3793","nofollow":true},{"id":30137,"name":"Nautical Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Nautical_Archaeology?f_ri=3793","nofollow":true},{"id":51761,"name":"Traditional boatbuilding","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Traditional_boatbuilding?f_ri=3793"},{"id":151582,"name":"Ancient Seafaring","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Seafaring?f_ri=3793"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_34891971" data-work_id="34891971" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/34891971/Company_of_Images_Modelling_the_Imaginary_World_of_Middle_Kingdom_Egypt_2000_1500_BC_edited_by_Gianluca_Miniaci_Marilina_Betr%C3%B2_and_Stephen_Quirke">Company of Images: Modelling the Imaginary World of Middle Kingdom Egypt (2000-1500 BC), edited by Gianluca Miniaci, Marilina Betrò and Stephen Quirke</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">From prehistoric figurines and graffiti to modern digital photographs, human beings repeatedly produced images, transforming the world itself into a relentless fabric of images. This volume presents the proceedings of the international... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_34891971" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">From prehistoric figurines and graffiti to modern digital photographs, human beings repeatedly produced images, transforming the world itself into a relentless fabric of images. This volume presents the proceedings of the international conference held at the UCL Institute of Archaeology in 2014 inside the framework of the European project 'EPOCHS', with the aim to explore the fertile imaginary world of Middle Bronze Age Egypt (2000-1500 BC).<br /><br />Images do not exist in their ontological isolation, as atomic unity, but they form a complex agency network with other images and with the society that produced them, hence the title "Company of Images". Eighteen papers focus on this intricate web, tackling the topic from different perspectives: material culture, archaeological finds, anthropological and social relations, iconographic representations, and analysis of the written sources, including linguistic approaches. The final goal is to highlight theoretical and methodological issues in order to explore connections between the images and their society, people who created images and who were recursively affected by the images they created.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/34891971" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="09e62dfbe9294bad213dcddd31c6fa53" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":54752523,"asset_id":34891971,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/54752523/download_file?st=MTczOTg1NzUxNCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="2805619" href="https://pisa.academia.edu/GianlucaMiniaci">Gianluca Miniaci</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="2805619" type="text/json">{"id":2805619,"first_name":"Gianluca","last_name":"Miniaci","domain_name":"pisa","page_name":"GianlucaMiniaci","display_name":"Gianluca Miniaci","profile_url":"https://pisa.academia.edu/GianlucaMiniaci?f_ri=3793","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/2805619/4163432/68956344/s65_gianluca.miniaci.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_34891971 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="34891971"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 34891971, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_34891971", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=34891971]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_34891971").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_34891971").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="34891971"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">10</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="118" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Egyptian_Religion">Ancient Egyptian Religion</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="118" type="text/json">{"id":118,"name":"Ancient Egyptian Religion","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Egyptian_Religion?f_ri=3793","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="392" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Archaeology">Archaeology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="392" type="text/json">{"id":392,"name":"Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Archaeology?f_ri=3793","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="394" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptology">Egyptology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="394" type="text/json">{"id":394,"name":"Egyptology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptology?f_ri=3793","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1692" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptian_Art_and_Archaeology">Egyptian Art and Archaeology</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="1692" type="text/json">{"id":1692,"name":"Egyptian Art and Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptian_Art_and_Archaeology?f_ri=3793","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=34891971]'), work: {"id":34891971,"title":"Company of Images: Modelling the Imaginary World of Middle Kingdom Egypt (2000-1500 BC), edited by Gianluca Miniaci, Marilina Betrò and Stephen Quirke","created_at":"2017-10-18T11:03:53.701-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/34891971/Company_of_Images_Modelling_the_Imaginary_World_of_Middle_Kingdom_Egypt_2000_1500_BC_edited_by_Gianluca_Miniaci_Marilina_Betr%C3%B2_and_Stephen_Quirke?f_ri=3793","dom_id":"work_34891971","summary":"From prehistoric figurines and graffiti to modern digital photographs, human beings repeatedly produced images, transforming the world itself into a relentless fabric of images. This volume presents the proceedings of the international conference held at the UCL Institute of Archaeology in 2014 inside the framework of the European project 'EPOCHS', with the aim to explore the fertile imaginary world of Middle Bronze Age Egypt (2000-1500 BC).\n\nImages do not exist in their ontological isolation, as atomic unity, but they form a complex agency network with other images and with the society that produced them, hence the title \"Company of Images\". Eighteen papers focus on this intricate web, tackling the topic from different perspectives: material culture, archaeological finds, anthropological and social relations, iconographic representations, and analysis of the written sources, including linguistic approaches. The final goal is to highlight theoretical and methodological issues in order to explore connections between the images and their society, people who created images and who were recursively affected by the images they created.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":54752523,"asset_id":34891971,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":2805619,"first_name":"Gianluca","last_name":"Miniaci","domain_name":"pisa","page_name":"GianlucaMiniaci","display_name":"Gianluca Miniaci","profile_url":"https://pisa.academia.edu/GianlucaMiniaci?f_ri=3793","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/2805619/4163432/68956344/s65_gianluca.miniaci.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":118,"name":"Ancient Egyptian Religion","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Egyptian_Religion?f_ri=3793","nofollow":true},{"id":392,"name":"Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Archaeology?f_ri=3793","nofollow":true},{"id":394,"name":"Egyptology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptology?f_ri=3793","nofollow":true},{"id":1692,"name":"Egyptian Art and Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptian_Art_and_Archaeology?f_ri=3793","nofollow":true},{"id":3793,"name":"Egyptian Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptian_Archaeology?f_ri=3793"},{"id":34483,"name":"Ancient Egyptian Iconography","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Egyptian_Iconography?f_ri=3793"},{"id":34746,"name":"Ancient Egyptian History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Egyptian_History?f_ri=3793"},{"id":35525,"name":"Middle Kingdom","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Middle_Kingdom?f_ri=3793"},{"id":56352,"name":"Ancient Egypt","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Egypt?f_ri=3793"},{"id":83184,"name":"Middle Kingdom (Egyptology)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Middle_Kingdom_Egyptology_?f_ri=3793"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_26422648" data-work_id="26422648" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/26422648/Hendrickx_S_F_F%C3%B6rster_and_M_Eyckerman_2016_The_Narmer_Palette_A_New_Recording">Hendrickx, S., F. Förster & M. Eyckerman (2016), The Narmer Palette – A New Recording</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/26422648" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="17b4be1caf3c89a093de4728f1fd8d13" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":53732120,"asset_id":26422648,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/53732120/download_file?st=MTczOTg1NzUxNCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="2738787" href="https://uni-bonn.academia.edu/FrankF%C3%B6rster">Frank Förster</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="2738787" type="text/json">{"id":2738787,"first_name":"Frank","last_name":"Förster","domain_name":"uni-bonn","page_name":"FrankFörster","display_name":"Frank Förster","profile_url":"https://uni-bonn.academia.edu/FrankF%C3%B6rster?f_ri=3793","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/2738787/925027/1314489/s65_frank.f_rster.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_26422648 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="26422648"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 26422648, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_26422648", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=26422648]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_26422648").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_26422648").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="26422648"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">5</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="392" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Archaeology">Archaeology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="392" type="text/json">{"id":392,"name":"Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Archaeology?f_ri=3793","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="394" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptology">Egyptology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="394" type="text/json">{"id":394,"name":"Egyptology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptology?f_ri=3793","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="3793" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptian_Archaeology">Egyptian Archaeology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="3793" type="text/json">{"id":3793,"name":"Egyptian Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptian_Archaeology?f_ri=3793","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="29542" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Predynastic_and_Early_Dynastic_Egypt">Predynastic and Early Dynastic Egypt</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="29542" type="text/json">{"id":29542,"name":"Predynastic and Early Dynastic Egypt","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Predynastic_and_Early_Dynastic_Egypt?f_ri=3793","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=26422648]'), work: {"id":26422648,"title":"Hendrickx, S., F. Förster \u0026 M. Eyckerman (2016), The Narmer Palette – A New Recording","created_at":"2016-06-22T17:56:56.182-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/26422648/Hendrickx_S_F_F%C3%B6rster_and_M_Eyckerman_2016_The_Narmer_Palette_A_New_Recording?f_ri=3793","dom_id":"work_26422648","summary":null,"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":53732120,"asset_id":26422648,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":2738787,"first_name":"Frank","last_name":"Förster","domain_name":"uni-bonn","page_name":"FrankFörster","display_name":"Frank Förster","profile_url":"https://uni-bonn.academia.edu/FrankF%C3%B6rster?f_ri=3793","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/2738787/925027/1314489/s65_frank.f_rster.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":392,"name":"Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Archaeology?f_ri=3793","nofollow":true},{"id":394,"name":"Egyptology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptology?f_ri=3793","nofollow":true},{"id":3793,"name":"Egyptian Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptian_Archaeology?f_ri=3793","nofollow":true},{"id":29542,"name":"Predynastic and Early Dynastic Egypt","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Predynastic_and_Early_Dynastic_Egypt?f_ri=3793","nofollow":true},{"id":34483,"name":"Ancient Egyptian Iconography","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Egyptian_Iconography?f_ri=3793"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_9165661" data-work_id="9165661" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/9165661/_Egypt_and_the_Levant_pp_69_89_in_M_Steiner_and_A_E_Killebrew_eds_The_Oxford_Handbook_of_the_Archaeology_of_the_Levant_c_8000_332_BCE_2014_by_G_Mumford_11_199_words_">"Egypt and the Levant" pp. 69-89 in M. Steiner & A. E. Killebrew (eds.), The Oxford Handbook of the Archaeology of the Levant c. 8000-332 BCE (2014; by G. Mumford; 11,199 words)</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">INTRODUCTORY PARAGRAPH: Egypto-Levantine relations have varied from the Neolithic through Persian periods, ranging from overland and maritime commerce, diplomatic missions, emigrants, imperial expansion, and alliances, while at other... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_9165661" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">INTRODUCTORY PARAGRAPH: Egypto-Levantine relations have varied from the Neolithic through Persian periods, ranging from overland and maritime commerce, diplomatic missions, emigrants, imperial expansion, and alliances, while at other times Asiatics have traded, raided, pastured their flocks, infiltrated, taken refuge in, served as mercenaries, and sometimes controlled parts of Egypt.  Although fluctuations occur in the intensity of contact, in general interactions have increased over time, with local adoptions and emulations of different aspects of each culture: language, literature, religion, art, and artifacts.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/9165661" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="af902bdebff1ac9420a56b6734acc8c8" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":41010237,"asset_id":9165661,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/41010237/download_file?st=MTczOTg1NzUxNCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="9975751" href="https://ua-birmingham.academia.edu/GregoryMumford">Gregory Mumford</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="9975751" type="text/json">{"id":9975751,"first_name":"Gregory","last_name":"Mumford","domain_name":"ua-birmingham","page_name":"GregoryMumford","display_name":"Gregory Mumford","profile_url":"https://ua-birmingham.academia.edu/GregoryMumford?f_ri=3793","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/9975751/5788605/11609699/s65_gregory.mumford.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_9165661 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="9165661"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 9165661, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_9165661", }); 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Steiner \u0026 A. E. Killebrew (eds.), The Oxford Handbook of the Archaeology of the Levant c. 8000-332 BCE (2014; by G. Mumford; 11,199 words)","created_at":"2014-11-06T14:12:10.034-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/9165661/_Egypt_and_the_Levant_pp_69_89_in_M_Steiner_and_A_E_Killebrew_eds_The_Oxford_Handbook_of_the_Archaeology_of_the_Levant_c_8000_332_BCE_2014_by_G_Mumford_11_199_words_?f_ri=3793","dom_id":"work_9165661","summary":"INTRODUCTORY PARAGRAPH: Egypto-Levantine relations have varied from the Neolithic through Persian periods, ranging from overland and maritime commerce, diplomatic missions, emigrants, imperial expansion, and alliances, while at other times Asiatics have traded, raided, pastured their flocks, infiltrated, taken refuge in, served as mercenaries, and sometimes controlled parts of Egypt. Although fluctuations occur in the intensity of contact, in general interactions have increased over time, with local adoptions and emulations of different aspects of each culture: language, literature, religion, art, and artifacts.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":41010237,"asset_id":9165661,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":9975751,"first_name":"Gregory","last_name":"Mumford","domain_name":"ua-birmingham","page_name":"GregoryMumford","display_name":"Gregory Mumford","profile_url":"https://ua-birmingham.academia.edu/GregoryMumford?f_ri=3793","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/9975751/5788605/11609699/s65_gregory.mumford.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":130,"name":"Ancient History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_History?f_ri=3793","nofollow":true},{"id":392,"name":"Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Archaeology?f_ri=3793","nofollow":true},{"id":394,"name":"Egyptology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptology?f_ri=3793","nofollow":true},{"id":3793,"name":"Egyptian Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptian_Archaeology?f_ri=3793","nofollow":true},{"id":7468,"name":"Military Architecture","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Military_Architecture?f_ri=3793"},{"id":12587,"name":"Neolithic \u0026 Chalcolithic Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Neolithic_and_Chalcolithic_Archaeology?f_ri=3793"},{"id":20553,"name":"Hyksos","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Hyksos?f_ri=3793"},{"id":21432,"name":"Late Bronze Age archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Late_Bronze_Age_archaeology?f_ri=3793"},{"id":27751,"name":"Old Kingdom 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garrisons","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Forts_and_garrisons?f_ri=3793"},{"id":91880,"name":"Fortresses","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Fortresses?f_ri=3793"},{"id":91964,"name":"1) cultural interconnections and trade (Egypt and Levant)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/1_cultural_interconnections_and_trade_Egypt_and_Levant_?f_ri=3793"},{"id":94912,"name":"Foreign relations during Ancient Egypt`s New Kingdom","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Foreign_relations_during_Ancient_Egypts_New_Kingdom?f_ri=3793"},{"id":172089,"name":"Neo Babylonian Empire","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Neo_Babylonian_Empire?f_ri=3793"},{"id":270575,"name":"Late Period in ancient Egypt","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Late_Period_in_ancient_Egypt?f_ri=3793"},{"id":291776,"name":"Late Bronze Age Levant and new kingdom Egypt","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Late_Bronze_Age_Levant_and_new_kingdom_Egypt?f_ri=3793"},{"id":737231,"name":"Predynastic Egyptian Trade","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Predynastic_Egyptian_Trade?f_ri=3793"},{"id":797635,"name":"Egyptian Temples","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptian_Temples?f_ri=3793"},{"id":1019273,"name":"Colonialism and Imperialism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Colonialism_and_Imperialism?f_ri=3793"},{"id":1354466,"name":"Anthropoid Clay Cofins","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Anthropoid_Clay_Cofins?f_ri=3793"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_4401164" data-work_id="4401164" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/4401164/Bibliography_on_Ancient_Egyptian_Shipbuilding_Seafaring_Harbours_and_Navigation_Updated_05_01_2025">Bibliography on Ancient Egyptian Shipbuilding, Seafaring, Harbours and Navigation Updated: 05.01.2025</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">This is an updated version of my ‘Bibliography on Ancient Egyptian Shipbuilding, Seafaring, Harbours, and Navigation.’ The previous version was published in July 2022, and some two hundred entries were added to this list. I apologize if... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_4401164" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">This is an updated version of my ‘Bibliography on Ancient Egyptian Shipbuilding, Seafaring, Harbours, and Navigation.’ The previous version was published in July 2022, and some two hundred entries were added to this list. I apologize if any significant works are missing from this list. This is almost inevitable, as this bibliography is only my working tool, and thus it remains very subjective and incomplete. Even if some of the colleagues find here a couple of references that may interest them, I will be completely satisfied.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/4401164" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="fba706e1ef1585456f726bad0d3e9f95" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":120642851,"asset_id":4401164,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/120642851/download_file?st=MTczOTg1NzUxNCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="715719" href="https://ieasm.academia.edu/AlexanderBelov">Alexander Belov</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="715719" type="text/json">{"id":715719,"first_name":"Alexander","last_name":"Belov","domain_name":"ieasm","page_name":"AlexanderBelov","display_name":"Alexander Belov","profile_url":"https://ieasm.academia.edu/AlexanderBelov?f_ri=3793","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/715719/243340/20629609/s65_alexandre.belov.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_4401164 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="4401164"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 4401164, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_4401164", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=4401164]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_4401164").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_4401164").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="4401164"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">15</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="92" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Naval_Architecture">Naval Architecture</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="92" type="text/json">{"id":92,"name":"Naval Architecture","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Naval_Architecture?f_ri=3793","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="392" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Archaeology">Archaeology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="392" type="text/json">{"id":392,"name":"Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Archaeology?f_ri=3793","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="394" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptology">Egyptology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="394" type="text/json">{"id":394,"name":"Egyptology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptology?f_ri=3793","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="396" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Maritime_Archaeology">Maritime Archaeology</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="396" type="text/json">{"id":396,"name":"Maritime Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Maritime_Archaeology?f_ri=3793","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=4401164]'), work: {"id":4401164,"title":"Bibliography on Ancient Egyptian Shipbuilding, Seafaring, Harbours and Navigation Updated: 05.01.2025","created_at":"2013-09-03T17:47:41.069-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/4401164/Bibliography_on_Ancient_Egyptian_Shipbuilding_Seafaring_Harbours_and_Navigation_Updated_05_01_2025?f_ri=3793","dom_id":"work_4401164","summary":"This is an updated version of my ‘Bibliography on Ancient Egyptian Shipbuilding, Seafaring, Harbours, and Navigation.’ The previous version was published in July 2022, and some two hundred entries were added to this list. I apologize if any significant works are missing from this list. This is almost inevitable, as this bibliography is only my working tool, and thus it remains very subjective and incomplete. Even if some of the colleagues find here a couple of references that may interest them, I will be completely satisfied. ","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":120642851,"asset_id":4401164,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":715719,"first_name":"Alexander","last_name":"Belov","domain_name":"ieasm","page_name":"AlexanderBelov","display_name":"Alexander Belov","profile_url":"https://ieasm.academia.edu/AlexanderBelov?f_ri=3793","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/715719/243340/20629609/s65_alexandre.belov.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":92,"name":"Naval Architecture","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Naval_Architecture?f_ri=3793","nofollow":true},{"id":392,"name":"Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Archaeology?f_ri=3793","nofollow":true},{"id":394,"name":"Egyptology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptology?f_ri=3793","nofollow":true},{"id":396,"name":"Maritime Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Maritime_Archaeology?f_ri=3793","nofollow":true},{"id":3793,"name":"Egyptian Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptian_Archaeology?f_ri=3793"},{"id":30137,"name":"Nautical Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Nautical_Archaeology?f_ri=3793"},{"id":33694,"name":"Archaeology of Mediterranean Trade","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Archaeology_of_Mediterranean_Trade?f_ri=3793"},{"id":34483,"name":"Ancient Egyptian Iconography","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Egyptian_Iconography?f_ri=3793"},{"id":39537,"name":"Naval Architecture (History)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Naval_Architecture_History_?f_ri=3793"},{"id":56352,"name":"Ancient Egypt","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Egypt?f_ri=3793"},{"id":104979,"name":"Ancient Navigation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Navigation?f_ri=3793"},{"id":151582,"name":"Ancient Seafaring","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Seafaring?f_ri=3793"},{"id":439241,"name":"Egyptian ships","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptian_ships?f_ri=3793"},{"id":456952,"name":"Ancient Ports","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Ports?f_ri=3793"},{"id":583951,"name":"Ancient Ports and Harbours","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Ports_and_Harbours?f_ri=3793"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_30572674" data-work_id="30572674" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/30572674/Cultural_and_Religious_Impacts_of_Long_Term_Cross_Cultural_Migration_Between_Egypt_and_the_Levant_in_Journal_of_Ancient_Egyptian_Interconnections_12_2016_50_88">Cultural and Religious Impacts of Long-Term Cross-Cultural Migration Between Egypt and the Levant, in Journal of Ancient Egyptian Interconnections 12, 2016, 50-88.</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">An increase of cross-cultural learning as a consequence of increased travel and migration between Egypt and the Levant during the Iron Age occurred after millennia of migration in earlier times. The result was an Egyptian-Levantine koine,... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_30572674" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">An increase of cross-cultural learning as a consequence of increased travel and migration between Egypt and the Levant during the Iron Age occurred after millennia of migration in earlier times. The result was an Egyptian-Levantine koine, often not recognized as relevant by historians due to an uncritical reproduction of ancient myths of separation. However, the cultural exchange triggered by migration is attested in the language, in the iconography of the region, in the history of the alphabet, in literary motifs, in the characterization of central characters of the Hebrew Bible and, last but not least, in the rise of new religions, which integrated the experience of otherness in a new ethos.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/30572674" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="0c3b8d854709e057814f4cb10331023b" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":51014356,"asset_id":30572674,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/51014356/download_file?st=MTczOTg1NzUxNCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="18129114" href="https://unifr.academia.edu/ThomasStaubli">Thomas Staubli</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="18129114" type="text/json">{"id":18129114,"first_name":"Thomas","last_name":"Staubli","domain_name":"unifr","page_name":"ThomasStaubli","display_name":"Thomas Staubli","profile_url":"https://unifr.academia.edu/ThomasStaubli?f_ri=3793","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/18129114/5059357/28987001/s65_thomas.staubli.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_30572674 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="30572674"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 30572674, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_30572674", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=30572674]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_30572674").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_30572674").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="30572674"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">33</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="118" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Egyptian_Religion">Ancient Egyptian Religion</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="118" type="text/json">{"id":118,"name":"Ancient Egyptian Religion","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Egyptian_Religion?f_ri=3793","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="394" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptology">Egyptology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="394" type="text/json">{"id":394,"name":"Egyptology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptology?f_ri=3793","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="869" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Iconography">Iconography</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="869" type="text/json">{"id":869,"name":"Iconography","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Iconography?f_ri=3793","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1692" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptian_Art_and_Archaeology">Egyptian Art and Archaeology</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="1692" type="text/json">{"id":1692,"name":"Egyptian Art and Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptian_Art_and_Archaeology?f_ri=3793","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=30572674]'), work: {"id":30572674,"title":"Cultural and Religious Impacts of Long-Term Cross-Cultural Migration Between Egypt and the Levant, in Journal of Ancient Egyptian Interconnections 12, 2016, 50-88.","created_at":"2016-12-22T02:32:59.489-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/30572674/Cultural_and_Religious_Impacts_of_Long_Term_Cross_Cultural_Migration_Between_Egypt_and_the_Levant_in_Journal_of_Ancient_Egyptian_Interconnections_12_2016_50_88?f_ri=3793","dom_id":"work_30572674","summary":"An increase of cross-cultural learning as a consequence of increased travel and migration between Egypt and the Levant during the Iron Age occurred after millennia of migration in earlier times. 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Phoenician-Punic language and epigraphy; Levantine Archaeology (espeically Biblical Archaeology)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Pre-Exilic_Ancient_Israel_-_Hebrew_Bible_and_Archaeology_Phoenician-Punic_language_and_epigraphy_L?f_ri=3793"},{"id":172645,"name":"Archaeology of the Southern Levant","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Archaeology_of_the_Southern_Levant?f_ri=3793"},{"id":291776,"name":"Late Bronze Age Levant and new kingdom Egypt","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Late_Bronze_Age_Levant_and_new_kingdom_Egypt?f_ri=3793"},{"id":293688,"name":"Archaeology of the Levant","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Archaeology_of_the_Levant?f_ri=3793"},{"id":445280,"name":"Hebrew Bible/Old Testament","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Hebrew_Bible_Old_Testament?f_ri=3793"},{"id":687009,"name":"Biblical and Levantine History and Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biblical_and_Levantine_History_and_Archaeology?f_ri=3793"},{"id":954139,"name":"The Levant","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/The_Levant?f_ri=3793"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_39084145" data-work_id="39084145" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/39084145/Queen_Hatshepsuts_Punt_Expedition">Queen Hatshepsut's Punt Expedition</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">In hindsight some of the conclusions in this thesis are somewhat naive (particularly regarding Egyptian seafaring), but in my estimation the paper still makes two important contributions: - Supporting evidence for J. Janick's (2007)... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_39084145" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">In hindsight some of the conclusions in this thesis are somewhat naive (particularly regarding Egyptian seafaring), but in my estimation the paper still makes two important contributions: <br /><br />- Supporting evidence for J. Janick's (2007) conclusion that the aromatic substance referred to in ancient Egyptian sources as "anti", is not Myrrh (as is the prevailing assumption in current literature), but more likely derives from the Boswellia genus of trees. <br /><br />- The first full reconstruction of the relief depicting Queen Hatshepsut's Punt Expedition, found at her funerary complex in Deir el-Bahari. The reconstruction in this paper combines extensive drawings of the relief by Howard Carter and Percy Brown made during Édouard Naville's expedition to Deir el-Bahari (1898), with hieroglyphic texts recovered by Kurt Sethe (1905), a missing fragment published by Nicholas Millet (1962) and a reconstruction of the damaged southern sidewall by William Smith (1962).<br /><br />Please download the PDF in order to see the reassembled relief in full resolution (last page), or download the full image here: <a href="https://photos.app.goo.gl/32memsu6dP9uGYGs8" rel="nofollow">https://photos.app.goo.gl/32memsu6dP9uGYGs8</a>.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/39084145" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="754b99cb51df7ca2e1fb6787880f98fd" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":59201276,"asset_id":39084145,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/59201276/download_file?st=MTczOTg1NzUxNCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="1652775" href="https://antwerp.academia.edu/ThomasVanDamme">Thomas Van Damme</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="1652775" type="text/json">{"id":1652775,"first_name":"Thomas","last_name":"Van Damme","domain_name":"antwerp","page_name":"ThomasVanDamme","display_name":"Thomas Van Damme","profile_url":"https://antwerp.academia.edu/ThomasVanDamme?f_ri=3793","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/1652775/573982/54995017/s65_thomas.van_damme.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_39084145 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="39084145"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 39084145, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_39084145", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=39084145]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_39084145").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_39084145").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="39084145"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">12</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="394" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptology">Egyptology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="394" type="text/json">{"id":394,"name":"Egyptology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptology?f_ri=3793","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1042" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Horticulture">Horticulture</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1042" type="text/json">{"id":1042,"name":"Horticulture","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Horticulture?f_ri=3793","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1692" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptian_Art_and_Archaeology">Egyptian Art and Archaeology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1692" type="text/json">{"id":1692,"name":"Egyptian Art and Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptian_Art_and_Archaeology?f_ri=3793","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="3793" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptian_Archaeology">Egyptian Archaeology</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="3793" type="text/json">{"id":3793,"name":"Egyptian Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptian_Archaeology?f_ri=3793","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=39084145]'), work: {"id":39084145,"title":"Queen Hatshepsut's Punt Expedition","created_at":"2019-05-10T03:50:17.710-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/39084145/Queen_Hatshepsuts_Punt_Expedition?f_ri=3793","dom_id":"work_39084145","summary":"In hindsight some of the conclusions in this thesis are somewhat naive (particularly regarding Egyptian seafaring), but in my estimation the paper still makes two important contributions: \n\n- Supporting evidence for J. Janick's (2007) conclusion that the aromatic substance referred to in ancient Egyptian sources as \"anti\", is not Myrrh (as is the prevailing assumption in current literature), but more likely derives from the Boswellia genus of trees. \n\n- The first full reconstruction of the relief depicting Queen Hatshepsut's Punt Expedition, found at her funerary complex in Deir el-Bahari. The reconstruction in this paper combines extensive drawings of the relief by Howard Carter and Percy Brown made during Édouard Naville's expedition to Deir el-Bahari (1898), with hieroglyphic texts recovered by Kurt Sethe (1905), a missing fragment published by Nicholas Millet (1962) and a reconstruction of the damaged southern sidewall by William Smith (1962).\n\nPlease download the PDF in order to see the reassembled relief in full resolution (last page), or download the full image here: https://photos.app.goo.gl/32memsu6dP9uGYGs8. ","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":59201276,"asset_id":39084145,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":1652775,"first_name":"Thomas","last_name":"Van Damme","domain_name":"antwerp","page_name":"ThomasVanDamme","display_name":"Thomas Van Damme","profile_url":"https://antwerp.academia.edu/ThomasVanDamme?f_ri=3793","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/1652775/573982/54995017/s65_thomas.van_damme.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":394,"name":"Egyptology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptology?f_ri=3793","nofollow":true},{"id":1042,"name":"Horticulture","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Horticulture?f_ri=3793","nofollow":true},{"id":1692,"name":"Egyptian Art and Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptian_Art_and_Archaeology?f_ri=3793","nofollow":true},{"id":3793,"name":"Egyptian Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptian_Archaeology?f_ri=3793","nofollow":true},{"id":17936,"name":"Ancient Near East","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Near_East?f_ri=3793"},{"id":32974,"name":"New Kingdom (Egyptology)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/New_Kingdom_Egyptology_?f_ri=3793"},{"id":34746,"name":"Ancient Egyptian History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Egyptian_History?f_ri=3793"},{"id":42716,"name":"Ancient Egyptian Art and Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Egyptian_Art_and_Archaeology?f_ri=3793"},{"id":56352,"name":"Ancient Egypt","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Egypt?f_ri=3793"},{"id":108795,"name":"Hatshepsut","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Hatshepsut?f_ri=3793"},{"id":492516,"name":"Djeser Djeseru - The temple of Hatshepsut","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Djeser_Djeseru_-_The_temple_of_Hatshepsut?f_ri=3793"},{"id":1064341,"name":"Queen Hatshepsut and Thutmose Iii","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Queen_Hatshepsut_and_Thutmose_Iii?f_ri=3793"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_30954738" data-work_id="30954738" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/30954738/Manfred_Bietak_THE_EGYPTIAN_COMMUNITY_IN_AVARIS_DURING_THE_HYKSOS_PERIOD_Egypt_and_the_Levant_26_2016_263_274">Manfred Bietak, "THE EGYPTIAN COMMUNITY IN AVARIS DURING THE HYKSOS PERIOD," Egypt and the Levant 26 (2016), 263-274.</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Papyrus Rhind and other papyri which were kept and even written or copied in Avaris suggest strongly that the Hyksos employed Egyptian scribes and perhaps even schools of scribes. It is possible that these scribes were employed during the... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_30954738" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Papyrus Rhind and other papyri which were kept and even written or copied in Avaris suggest strongly that the Hyksos employed Egyptian scribes and perhaps even schools of scribes. It is possible that these scribes were employed during the Hyksos Period from the former centres of Egyptian administration, but it is also possible that they were recruited from the Egyptian community in Avaris, which implies that these people were able to keep their Egyptian identity and Egyptian standards of language, culture and writing. This article investigates to what extent the Egyptian community living in Avaris before the settlement of Western Asiatic immigrants was able to keep its identity and under which conditions they were able to survive in Avaris, especially after the takeover by the 15 th Dynasty, the Hyksos. The answer to this question is a challenge for archaeology and a test for recognising ethnic markers. Without the possibility of finding papyri because of poor preservation conditions of organic matters, it was still possible to identify the survival of the Egyptian community within the limits of the old walled settlement of the Middle Kingdom at c Ezbet Rushdi. It is a quarter where no intramu-ral inhumations – a typical ethnic marker of Near Eastern settlements of the Middle Bronze Age – could be found. On top of this evidence, the area without inhumations was extended to the south beyond the original borders of the town during the Hyksos Period. The neighbouring living quarters have, however, intramural inhumations and at the same time provided finds of the toggle pin – a part of Canaanite dress. The toggle pin was entirely missing in the quarter thought to be inhabited by the Egyptian community.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/30954738" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="3dcd01c25bb49435fa96ae4a037ef757" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":51385243,"asset_id":30954738,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/51385243/download_file?st=MTczOTg1NzUxNCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="5718729" href="https://oeaw.academia.edu/ManfredBietak">Manfred Bietak</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="5718729" type="text/json">{"id":5718729,"first_name":"Manfred","last_name":"Bietak","domain_name":"oeaw","page_name":"ManfredBietak","display_name":"Manfred Bietak","profile_url":"https://oeaw.academia.edu/ManfredBietak?f_ri=3793","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/5718729/3749320/17962532/s65_manfred.bietak.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_30954738 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="30954738"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 30954738, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_30954738", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_30954738 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 30954738; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_30954738"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_30954738 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="30954738"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 30954738; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=30954738]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_30954738").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_30954738").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="30954738"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">4</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="3793" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptian_Archaeology">Egyptian Archaeology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="3793" type="text/json">{"id":3793,"name":"Egyptian Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptian_Archaeology?f_ri=3793","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="20553" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Hyksos">Hyksos</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="20553" type="text/json">{"id":20553,"name":"Hyksos","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Hyksos?f_ri=3793","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="24748" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ethnicity">Ethnicity</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="24748" type="text/json">{"id":24748,"name":"Ethnicity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ethnicity?f_ri=3793","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="244611" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Intramural_burials">Intramural burials</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="244611" type="text/json">{"id":244611,"name":"Intramural burials","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Intramural_burials?f_ri=3793","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=30954738]'), work: {"id":30954738,"title":"Manfred Bietak, \"THE EGYPTIAN COMMUNITY IN AVARIS DURING THE HYKSOS PERIOD,\" Egypt and the Levant 26 (2016), 263-274.","created_at":"2017-01-16T18:38:11.678-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/30954738/Manfred_Bietak_THE_EGYPTIAN_COMMUNITY_IN_AVARIS_DURING_THE_HYKSOS_PERIOD_Egypt_and_the_Levant_26_2016_263_274?f_ri=3793","dom_id":"work_30954738","summary":"Papyrus Rhind and other papyri which were kept and even written or copied in Avaris suggest strongly that the Hyksos employed Egyptian scribes and perhaps even schools of scribes. It is possible that these scribes were employed during the Hyksos Period from the former centres of Egyptian administration, but it is also possible that they were recruited from the Egyptian community in Avaris, which implies that these people were able to keep their Egyptian identity and Egyptian standards of language, culture and writing. This article investigates to what extent the Egyptian community living in Avaris before the settlement of Western Asiatic immigrants was able to keep its identity and under which conditions they were able to survive in Avaris, especially after the takeover by the 15 th Dynasty, the Hyksos. The answer to this question is a challenge for archaeology and a test for recognising ethnic markers. Without the possibility of finding papyri because of poor preservation conditions of organic matters, it was still possible to identify the survival of the Egyptian community within the limits of the old walled settlement of the Middle Kingdom at c Ezbet Rushdi. It is a quarter where no intramu-ral inhumations – a typical ethnic marker of Near Eastern settlements of the Middle Bronze Age – could be found. On top of this evidence, the area without inhumations was extended to the south beyond the original borders of the town during the Hyksos Period. The neighbouring living quarters have, however, intramural inhumations and at the same time provided finds of the toggle pin – a part of Canaanite dress. The toggle pin was entirely missing in the quarter thought to be inhabited by the Egyptian community.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":51385243,"asset_id":30954738,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":5718729,"first_name":"Manfred","last_name":"Bietak","domain_name":"oeaw","page_name":"ManfredBietak","display_name":"Manfred Bietak","profile_url":"https://oeaw.academia.edu/ManfredBietak?f_ri=3793","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/5718729/3749320/17962532/s65_manfred.bietak.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":3793,"name":"Egyptian Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptian_Archaeology?f_ri=3793","nofollow":true},{"id":20553,"name":"Hyksos","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Hyksos?f_ri=3793","nofollow":true},{"id":24748,"name":"Ethnicity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ethnicity?f_ri=3793","nofollow":true},{"id":244611,"name":"Intramural burials","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Intramural_burials?f_ri=3793","nofollow":true}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_15358896" data-work_id="15358896" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/15358896/Civilisation_pharaonique_arch%C3%A9ologie_philologie_histoire_Rapport_dactivit%C3%A9_2014_2015">Civilisation pharaonique: archéologie, philologie, histoire. Rapport d'activité 2014-2015</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">On a entrepris cette année une étude critique de la littérature égyptienne : consacrée à en tenter une définition, elle s'est intéressée également à la façon dont les égyptologues ont eux-mêmes défini les critères de ce qu'ils considèrent... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_15358896" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">On a entrepris cette année une étude critique de la littérature égyptienne : consacrée à en tenter une définition, elle s'est intéressée également à la façon dont les égyptologues ont eux-mêmes défini les critères de ce qu'ils considèrent comme littéraire. Autant dire qu'après une brève partie épistémologique, la question des genres s'est imposée comme thème central du cours de cette année.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/15358896" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="3bfe274fc2a86a1822cf87ce0d20f0b0" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":39797938,"asset_id":15358896,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/39797938/download_file?st=MTczOTg1NzUxNCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="4730693" href="https://aibl.academia.edu/NicolasGrimal">Nicolas Grimal</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="4730693" type="text/json">{"id":4730693,"first_name":"Nicolas","last_name":"Grimal","domain_name":"aibl","page_name":"NicolasGrimal","display_name":"Nicolas Grimal","profile_url":"https://aibl.academia.edu/NicolasGrimal?f_ri=3793","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/4730693/2198231/2575550/s65_nicolas.grimal.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_15358896 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="15358896"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 15358896, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_15358896", }); 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","created_at":"2013-08-09T01:58:36.760-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/4203972/GRIMAL_N_ADLY_E_ARNAUDI%C3%88S_A_Fouilles_et_travaux_en_Egypte_et_au_Soudan_2008_2009_Tab_V_XXXIII_Orientalia_2009_Vol_78_n_2_p_127_213?f_ri=3793","dom_id":"work_4203972","summary":null,"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":31697184,"asset_id":4203972,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":4730693,"first_name":"Nicolas","last_name":"Grimal","domain_name":"aibl","page_name":"NicolasGrimal","display_name":"Nicolas Grimal","profile_url":"https://aibl.academia.edu/NicolasGrimal?f_ri=3793","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/4730693/2198231/2575550/s65_nicolas.grimal.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":3793,"name":"Egyptian Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptian_Archaeology?f_ri=3793","nofollow":true}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_14406398" data-work_id="14406398" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/14406398/The_Burial_of_Nefertiti_2015_">The Burial of Nefertiti? (2015)</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Note that this paper is to be read in conjunction with THE DECORATED NORTH WALL IN THE TOMB OF TUTANKHAMUN (KV 62) (THE BURIAL OF NEFERTITI? II) (2019)... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_14406398" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Note that this paper is to be read in conjunction with THE DECORATED NORTH WALL IN THE TOMB OF TUTANKHAMUN (KV 62) (THE BURIAL OF NEFERTITI? II) (2019) (<a href="https://www.academia.edu/39903971/The_Decorated_North_Wall_in_the_Tomb_of_Tutankhamun_KV_62_The_Burial_of_Nefertiti_II_2019_" rel="nofollow">https://www.academia.edu/39903971/The_Decorated_North_Wall_in_the_Tomb_of_Tutankhamun_KV_62_The_Burial_of_Nefertiti_II_2019_</a>) and THE TOMB OF TUTANKHAMUN (KV 62): SUPPLEMENTARY NOTES (THE BURIAL OF NEFERTITI? III) (2020)(<a href="https://www.academia.edu/44309046/The_Tomb_of_Tutankhamun_KV_62_Supplementary_Notes_The_Burial_of_Nefertiti_III_2020_" rel="nofollow">https://www.academia.edu/44309046/The_Tomb_of_Tutankhamun_KV_62_Supplementary_Notes_The_Burial_of_Nefertiti_III_2020_</a>). THE BURIAL OF NEFERTITI? 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(2015)","created_at":"2015-07-26T08:51:01.670-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/14406398/The_Burial_of_Nefertiti_2015_?f_ri=3793","dom_id":"work_14406398","summary":"Note that this paper is to be read in conjunction with THE DECORATED NORTH WALL IN THE TOMB OF TUTANKHAMUN (KV 62) (THE BURIAL OF NEFERTITI? II) (2019) (https://www.academia.edu/39903971/The_Decorated_North_Wall_in_the_Tomb_of_Tutankhamun_KV_62_The_Burial_of_Nefertiti_II_2019_) and THE TOMB OF TUTANKHAMUN (KV 62): SUPPLEMENTARY NOTES (THE BURIAL OF NEFERTITI? III) (2020)(https://www.academia.edu/44309046/The_Tomb_of_Tutankhamun_KV_62_Supplementary_Notes_The_Burial_of_Nefertiti_III_2020_). THE BURIAL OF NEFERTITI? ANIMATIONS may be accessed separately at https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLD-SFAqqGpS603n_o7CORky6pUvB061X5\r\n","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":38297194,"asset_id":14406398,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":1939453,"first_name":"Nicholas","last_name":"Reeves","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"NicholasReeves5","display_name":"Nicholas Reeves","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/NicholasReeves5?f_ri=3793","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/1939453/3716142/4392556/s65_nicholas.reeves.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":118,"name":"Ancient Egyptian Religion","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Egyptian_Religion?f_ri=3793","nofollow":true},{"id":394,"name":"Egyptology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptology?f_ri=3793","nofollow":true},{"id":1692,"name":"Egyptian Art and Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptian_Art_and_Archaeology?f_ri=3793","nofollow":true},{"id":3793,"name":"Egyptian Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptian_Archaeology?f_ri=3793","nofollow":true},{"id":9943,"name":"Egyptian History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptian_History?f_ri=3793"},{"id":12537,"name":"Egypt","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egypt?f_ri=3793"},{"id":26289,"name":"History of Egyptology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History_of_Egyptology?f_ri=3793"},{"id":32971,"name":"Amarna Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Amarna_Studies?f_ri=3793"},{"id":32974,"name":"New Kingdom (Egyptology)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/New_Kingdom_Egyptology_?f_ri=3793"},{"id":34483,"name":"Ancient Egyptian Iconography","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Egyptian_Iconography?f_ri=3793"},{"id":34746,"name":"Ancient Egyptian History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Egyptian_History?f_ri=3793"},{"id":42716,"name":"Ancient Egyptian Art and Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Egyptian_Art_and_Archaeology?f_ri=3793"},{"id":56352,"name":"Ancient Egypt","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Egypt?f_ri=3793"},{"id":59329,"name":"The Amarna Period","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/The_Amarna_Period?f_ri=3793"},{"id":74949,"name":"Amarna Egypt","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Amarna_Egypt?f_ri=3793"},{"id":193365,"name":"Tutankhamun","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Tutankhamun?f_ri=3793"},{"id":242436,"name":"Amarna","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Amarna?f_ri=3793"},{"id":242440,"name":"Tutankhamen","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Tutankhamen?f_ri=3793"},{"id":280559,"name":"Amarna Period - Ancient Egypt","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Amarna_Period_-_Ancient_Egypt?f_ri=3793"},{"id":345019,"name":"Valley of the Kings","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Valley_of_the_Kings?f_ri=3793"},{"id":360291,"name":"Amarna Period","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Amarna_Period?f_ri=3793"},{"id":411650,"name":"Amarna Art","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Amarna_Art?f_ri=3793"},{"id":450214,"name":"Nefertiti","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Nefertiti?f_ri=3793"},{"id":463567,"name":"Royal tombs - Egypt","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Royal_tombs_-_Egypt?f_ri=3793"},{"id":779282,"name":"Tell El-Amarna","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Tell_El-Amarna?f_ri=3793"},{"id":887418,"name":"Post - Amarna period","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Post_-_Amarna_period?f_ri=3793"},{"id":887450,"name":"Exploration In the Valley of the Kings","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Exploration_In_the_Valley_of_the_Kings?f_ri=3793"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_2143395" data-work_id="2143395" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/2143395/Tassie_G_J_2009_The_hairstyles_represented_on_the_Salakhana_Stelae">Tassie, G. J. 2009. The hairstyles represented on the Salakhana Stelae</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Most attention focussed on the human body is on the head, and in ancient Egypt the head could stand alone as a symbol for the whole person. 24 As the hair on the head frames the face, its form also attracts significant interest and can be... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_2143395" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Most attention focussed on the human body is on the head, and in ancient Egypt the head could stand alone as a symbol for the whole person. 24 As the hair on the head frames the face, its form also attracts significant interest and can be used to send out various signals. Therefore, hair often appears in various cultural contexts as a synecdoche for the whole body: like the head, hair readily serves as a smaller and more easily manipulated surrogate for the body: hence its tendency to appear in symbolic representation as a bearer of identity for the entire person. 25 20 A typology of Dynasty XVIII women's hairstyles was devised by J Haynes The development of women's hairstyles of Dynasty Eighteen, JSSEA 8 (1) (1977) 18-24. A typology for hair and clothing from Dynasty XVIII has also been created by E Dziobek, T Schneyer & N Semmelbauer Eine ikonographische Datierungsmethode für thebanische Wandmalereien der 18. Dynastie (Heidelberg 1992). A typology of scented cones was developed by E Maraite Le cône de parfum dans l'ancienne Egypte, in: C Osbomer & AL Oosthoek (eds.) Amosiades -Mélanges offerts au Professeur Claude Vandersleyen (Louvain 1992) 213-219. A further refinement of scent-cone (and clothing) typology for the Third Intermediate Period was made by JH Taylor Theban coffins from the Twenty-second to the Twentysixth Dynasty: dating and synthesis of development, in: N Strudwick & JH Taylor (eds): The Theban Necropolis Past, Present and Future (London 2003) 95-121.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/2143395" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="8b5c25d838567ebcc1dcc735c4fec530" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":33717140,"asset_id":2143395,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/33717140/download_file?st=MTczOTg1NzUxNCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="542777" href="https://edinburgh.academia.edu/GeoffreyJohnTassie">Geoffrey John Tassie</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="542777" type="text/json">{"id":542777,"first_name":"Geoffrey John","last_name":"Tassie","domain_name":"edinburgh","page_name":"GeoffreyJohnTassie","display_name":"Geoffrey John Tassie","profile_url":"https://edinburgh.academia.edu/GeoffreyJohnTassie?f_ri=3793","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/542777/195213/1130355/s65_geoffrey_john.tassie.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_2143395 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="2143395"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 2143395, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_2143395", }); 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A typology for hair and clothing from Dynasty XVIII has also been created by E Dziobek, T Schneyer \u0026 N Semmelbauer Eine ikonographische Datierungsmethode für thebanische Wandmalereien der 18. Dynastie (Heidelberg 1992). A typology of scented cones was developed by E Maraite Le cône de parfum dans l'ancienne Egypte, in: C Osbomer \u0026 AL Oosthoek (eds.) Amosiades -Mélanges offerts au Professeur Claude Vandersleyen (Louvain 1992) 213-219. A further refinement of scent-cone (and clothing) typology for the Third Intermediate Period was made by JH Taylor Theban coffins from the Twenty-second to the Twentysixth Dynasty: dating and synthesis of development, in: N Strudwick \u0026 JH Taylor (eds): The Theban Necropolis Past, Present and Future (London 2003) 95-121.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":33717140,"asset_id":2143395,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":542777,"first_name":"Geoffrey John","last_name":"Tassie","domain_name":"edinburgh","page_name":"GeoffreyJohnTassie","display_name":"Geoffrey John Tassie","profile_url":"https://edinburgh.academia.edu/GeoffreyJohnTassie?f_ri=3793","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/542777/195213/1130355/s65_geoffrey_john.tassie.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":130,"name":"Ancient History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_History?f_ri=3793","nofollow":true},{"id":392,"name":"Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Archaeology?f_ri=3793","nofollow":true},{"id":394,"name":"Egyptology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptology?f_ri=3793","nofollow":true},{"id":3793,"name":"Egyptian Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Egyptian_Archaeology?f_ri=3793","nofollow":true},{"id":96605,"name":"Sex and Gender in Ancient Egypt","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sex_and_Gender_in_Ancient_Egypt?f_ri=3793"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_35480262" data-work_id="35480262" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/35480262/The_Tomb_of_the_Priests_of_Amun_at_Thebes_The_History_of_the_Find_In_Lara_Weiss_Ed_2017_The_Coffins_of_the_Priests_of_Amun_Egyptian_coffins_from_the_21st_Dynasty_in_the_Collection_of_the_National_Museum_of_Antiquities_in_Leiden_Leiden_Sidestone_Press">The Tomb of the Priests of Amun at Thebes: The History of the Find. In Lara Weiss Ed. (2017) - 'The Coffins of the Priests of Amun: Egyptian coffins from the 21st Dynasty in the Collection of the National Museum of Antiquities in Leiden. 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[in:] Review Feature “Genesis of the Pharaohs: Dramatic new discoveries that rewrite the origins of ancient Egypt”, by Toby Wilkinson, London: Thames & Hudson, 2003. 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