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class="vector-toc-link" href="#Rezultate_și_semnificații"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Rezultate și semnificații</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Rezultate_și_semnificații-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Cronologia_Declarațiilor_de_Independență" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Cronologia_Declarațiilor_de_Independență"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Cronologia Declarațiilor de Independență</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Cronologia_Declarațiilor_de_Independență-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Direcții_în_istoriografia_destrămării_URSS" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Direcții_în_istoriografia_destrămării_URSS"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Direcții în istoriografia destrămării URSS</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Direcții_în_istoriografia_destrămării_URSS-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Referințe" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Referințe"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Referințe</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Referințe-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bibliografie" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bibliografie"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Bibliografie</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bibliografie-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Legături_externe" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Legături_externe"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Legături externe</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Legături_externe-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Cuprins" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Comută cuprinsul" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Comută cuprinsul</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Destrămarea Uniunii Republicilor Sovietice Socialiste</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Mergeți la un articol în altă limbă. Disponibil în 76 limbi" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-76" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">76 limbi</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ontbinding_van_die_Sowjetunie" title="Ontbinding van die Sowjetunie – afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Ontbinding van die Sowjetunie" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%D9%81%D9%83%D9%83_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AA%D8%AD%D8%A7%D8%AF_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B3%D9%88%D9%81%D9%8A%D8%AA%D9%8A" title="تفكك الاتحاد السوفيتي – arabă" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="تفكك الاتحاد السوفيتي" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="arabă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%D9%81%D9%83%D9%8A%D9%83_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AA%D8%AD%D8%A7%D8%AF_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B3%D9%88%D9%81%D9%8A%D9%8A%D8%AA%D9%89" title="تفكيك الاتحاد السوفييتى – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="تفكيك الاتحاد السوفييتى" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Disoluci%C3%B3n_de_la_Xuni%C3%B3n_Sovi%C3%A9tica" title="Disolución de la Xunión Soviética – asturiană" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Disolución de la Xunión Soviética" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="asturiană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sovet_%C4%B0ttifaq%C4%B1n%C4%B1n_da%C4%9F%C4%B1lmas%C4%B1" title="Sovet İttifaqının dağılması – azeră" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Sovet İttifaqının dağılması" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="azeră" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%A1%D0%A1%D0%A0_%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80%D2%A1%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8B%D1%83%D1%8B" title="СССР тарҡалыуы – bașkiră" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="СССР тарҡалыуы" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="bașkiră" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%B4_%D0%A1%D0%A1%D0%A1%D0%A0" title="Распад СССР – belarusă" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Распад СССР" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="belarusă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%B4_%D0%A1%D0%A1%D0%A1%D0%A0" title="Распад СССР – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Распад СССР" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B5_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%A1%D1%8A%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D1%81%D1%8A%D1%8E%D0%B7" title="Разпадане на Съветския съюз – bulgară" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Разпадане на Съветския съюз" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="bulgară" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bh mw-list-item"><a href="https://bh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%A4_%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%98_%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%87_%E0%A4%AC%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%98%E0%A4%9F%E0%A4%A8" title="सोवियत संघ के बिघटन – Bhojpuri" lang="bh" hreflang="bh" data-title="सोवियत संघ के बिघटन" data-language-autonym="भोजपुरी" data-language-local-name="Bhojpuri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>भोजपुरी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%B8%E0%A7%8B%E0%A6%AD%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%A4_%E0%A6%87%E0%A6%89%E0%A6%A8%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC%E0%A6%A8%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%B0_%E0%A6%AA%E0%A6%A4%E0%A6%A8" title="সোভিয়েত ইউনিয়নের পতন – bengaleză" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="সোভিয়েত ইউনিয়নের পতন" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="bengaleză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Freuzadenn_an_Unaniezh_Soviedel" title="Freuzadenn an Unaniezh Soviedel – bretonă" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Freuzadenn an Unaniezh Soviedel" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="bretonă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Raspad_Sovjetskog_Saveza" title="Raspad Sovjetskog Saveza – bosniacă" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Raspad Sovjetskog Saveza" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="bosniacă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dissoluci%C3%B3_de_la_Uni%C3%B3_Sovi%C3%A8tica" title="Dissolució de la Unió Soviètica – catalană" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Dissolució de la Unió Soviètica" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="catalană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rozpad_Sov%C4%9Btsk%C3%A9ho_svazu" title="Rozpad Sovětského svazu – cehă" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Rozpad Sovětského svazu" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="cehă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%A1%D0%A1%D0%A0_%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BD%C4%83%D0%B2%C4%95" title="СССР арканăвĕ – ciuvașă" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="СССР арканăвĕ" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="ciuvașă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diddymiad_yr_Undeb_Sofietaidd" title="Diddymiad yr Undeb Sofietaidd – galeză" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Diddymiad yr Undeb Sofietaidd" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="galeză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zerfall_der_Sowjetunion" title="Zerfall der Sowjetunion – germană" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Zerfall der Sowjetunion" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="germană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%94%CE%B9%CE%AC%CE%BB%CF%85%CF%83%CE%B7_%CF%84%CE%B7%CF%82_%CE%A3%CE%BF%CE%B2%CE%B9%CE%B5%CF%84%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%AE%CF%82_%CE%88%CE%BD%CF%89%CF%83%CE%B7%CF%82" title="Διάλυση της Σοβιετικής Ένωσης – greacă" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Διάλυση της Σοβιετικής Ένωσης" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="greacă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dissolution_of_the_Soviet_Union" title="Dissolution of the Soviet Union – engleză" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Dissolution of the Soviet Union" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="engleză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dissolvo_de_Sovetunio" title="Dissolvo de Sovetunio – esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Dissolvo de Sovetunio" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Disoluci%C3%B3n_de_la_Uni%C3%B3n_Sovi%C3%A9tica" title="Disolución de la Unión Soviética – spaniolă" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Disolución de la Unión Soviética" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="spaniolă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/N%C3%B5ukogude_Liidu_lagunemine" title="Nõukogude Liidu lagunemine – estonă" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Nõukogude Liidu lagunemine" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="estonă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sobietar_Batasunaren_desegitea" title="Sobietar Batasunaren desegitea – bască" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Sobietar Batasunaren desegitea" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="bască" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%81%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%BE%D8%A7%D8%B4%DB%8C_%D8%A7%D8%AA%D8%AD%D8%A7%D8%AF_%D8%AC%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%87%DB%8C%D8%B1_%D8%B4%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%88%DB%8C" title="فروپاشی اتحاد جماهیر شوروی – persană" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="فروپاشی اتحاد جماهیر شوروی" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="persană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neuvostoliiton_hajoaminen" title="Neuvostoliiton hajoaminen – finlandeză" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Neuvostoliiton hajoaminen" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="finlandeză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dislocation_de_l%27URSS" title="Dislocation de l'URSS – franceză" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Dislocation de l'URSS" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="franceză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Disoluci%C3%B3n_da_Uni%C3%B3n_Sovi%C3%A9tica" title="Disolución da Unión Soviética – galiciană" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Disolución da Unión Soviética" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="galiciană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%94%D7%AA%D7%A4%D7%A8%D7%A7%D7%95%D7%AA_%D7%91%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%AA_%D7%94%D7%9E%D7%95%D7%A2%D7%A6%D7%95%D7%AA" title="התפרקות ברית המועצות – ebraică" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="התפרקות ברית המועצות" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="ebraică" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%A4_%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%98_%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BE_%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%98%E0%A4%9F%E0%A4%A8" title="सोवियत संघ का विघटन – hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="सोवियत संघ का विघटन" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Raspad_SSSR-a" title="Raspad SSSR-a – croată" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Raspad SSSR-a" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="croată" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/A_Szovjetuni%C3%B3_felboml%C3%A1sa" title="A Szovjetunió felbomlása – maghiară" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="A Szovjetunió felbomlása" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="maghiară" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%BD%D5%8D%D5%80%D5%84_%D6%83%D5%AC%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%A6%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%B4" title="ԽՍՀՄ փլուզում – armeană" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="ԽՍՀՄ փլուզում" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="armeană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pembubaran_Uni_Soviet" title="Pembubaran Uni Soviet – indoneziană" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Pembubaran Uni Soviet" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indoneziană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hrun_Sov%C3%A9tr%C3%ADkjanna" title="Hrun Sovétríkjanna – islandeză" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Hrun Sovétríkjanna" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="islandeză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dissoluzione_dell%27Unione_Sovietica" title="Dissoluzione dell'Unione Sovietica – italiană" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Dissoluzione dell'Unione Sovietica" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="italiană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%BD%E3%83%93%E3%82%A8%E3%83%88%E9%80%A3%E9%82%A6%E3%81%AE%E5%B4%A9%E5%A3%8A" title="ソビエト連邦の崩壊 – japoneză" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ソビエト連邦の崩壊" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japoneză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A1%E1%83%A1%E1%83%A0%E1%83%99-%E1%83%98%E1%83%A1_%E1%83%93%E1%83%90%E1%83%A8%E1%83%9A%E1%83%90" title="სსრკ-ის დაშლა – georgiană" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="სსრკ-ის დაშლა" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="georgiană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%A1%D0%A0%D0%9E_%D1%8B%D0%B4%D1%8B%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%83%D1%8B" title="КСРО ыдырауы – kazahă" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="КСРО ыдырауы" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="kazahă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%86%8C%EB%A0%A8%EC%9D%98_%EB%B6%95%EA%B4%B4" title="소련의 붕괴 – coreeană" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="소련의 붕괴" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="coreeană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dissolutio_Unionis_Sovieticae" title="Dissolutio Unionis Sovieticae – latină" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Dissolutio Unionis Sovieticae" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="latină" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/TSRS_gri%C5%ABtis" title="TSRS griūtis – lituaniană" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="TSRS griūtis" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="lituaniană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/PSRS_sabrukums" title="PSRS sabrukums – letonă" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="PSRS sabrukums" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="letonă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%B4_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%A1%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BE%D1%82_%D0%A1%D0%BE%D1%98%D1%83%D0%B7" title="Распад на Советскиот Сојуз – macedoneană" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Распад на Советскиот Сојуз" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="macedoneană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%97%D0%A5%D0%A3-%D1%8B%D0%BD_%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%B4%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BB" title="ЗХУ-ын задрал – mongolă" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="ЗХУ-ын задрал" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="mongolă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%B5%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%8F%E0%A4%A4_%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%98%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%9A%E0%A5%87_%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%98%E0%A4%9F%E0%A4%A8" title="सोव्हिएत संघाचे विघटन – marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="सोव्हिएत संघाचे विघटन" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pembubaran_Kesatuan_Soviet" title="Pembubaran Kesatuan Soviet – malaeză" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Pembubaran Kesatuan Soviet" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="malaeză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-new mw-list-item"><a href="https://new.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%AD%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%A4_%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%98%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%97%E0%A5%81_%E0%A4%AC%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AF%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%9C%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE" title="सोभियत संघयागु बायेज्या – newari" lang="new" hreflang="new" data-title="सोभियत संघयागु बायेज्या" data-language-autonym="नेपाल भाषा" data-language-local-name="newari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाल भाषा</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uiteenvallen_van_de_Sovjet-Unie" title="Uiteenvallen van de Sovjet-Unie – neerlandeză" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Uiteenvallen van de Sovjet-Unie" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="neerlandeză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oppl%C3%B8sningen_av_Sovjetunionen" title="Oppløsningen av Sovjetunionen – norvegiană bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Oppløsningen av Sovjetunionen" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="norvegiană bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rozpad_ZSRR" title="Rozpad ZSRR – poloneză" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Rozpad ZSRR" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="poloneză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D9%88%D9%88%DB%8C%D8%AA_%D8%A7%D8%AA%D8%AD%D8%A7%D8%AF_%D8%AF%DB%8C_%D8%AA%D8%AD%D9%84%DB%8C%D9%84" title="سوویت اتحاد دی تحلیل – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="سوویت اتحاد دی تحلیل" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AF_%D8%B4%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%8A_%D8%A7%D8%AA%D8%AD%D8%A7%D8%AF_%DA%93%D9%86%DA%AB%DB%90%D8%AF%D9%84" title="د شوروي اتحاد ړنګېدل – paștună" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="د شوروي اتحاد ړنګېدل" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="paștună" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dissolu%C3%A7%C3%A3o_da_Uni%C3%A3o_Sovi%C3%A9tica" title="Dissolução da União Soviética – portugheză" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Dissolução da União Soviética" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugheză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%B4_%D0%A1%D0%A1%D0%A1%D0%A0" title="Распад СССР – rusă" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Распад СССР" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="rusă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%A1%D0%A0%D0%A1_%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%B4%D1%8B%D1%8B%D1%82%D0%B0" title="ССРС хайдыыта – sakha" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="ССРС хайдыыта" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="sakha" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Саха тыла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Raspad_Sovjetskog_Saveza" title="Raspad Sovjetskog Saveza – sârbo-croată" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Raspad Sovjetskog Saveza" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="sârbo-croată" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Razpad_Sovjetske_zveze" title="Razpad Sovjetske zveze – slovenă" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Razpad Sovjetske zveze" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="slovenă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shp%C3%ABrb%C3%ABrja_e_Bashkimit_Sovjetik" title="Shpërbërja e Bashkimit Sovjetik – albaneză" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Shpërbërja e Bashkimit Sovjetik" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="albaneză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%B4_%D0%A1%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%98%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B3_%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B0" title="Распад Совјетског Савеза – sârbă" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Распад Совјетског Савеза" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="sârbă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sovjetunionens_uppl%C3%B6sning" title="Sovjetunionens upplösning – suedeză" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Sovjetunionens upplösning" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="suedeză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D1%83%D1%80%D3%AF%D0%BF%D0%BE%D1%88%D0%B8%D0%B8_%D0%98%D2%B6%D0%A8%D0%A1" title="Фурӯпошии ИҶШС – tadjică" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Фурӯпошии ИҶШС" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="tadjică" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A5%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%82%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A0%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%9E%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%8B%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%95" title="การล่มสลายของสหภาพโซเวียต – thailandeză" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="การล่มสลายของสหภาพโซเวียต" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="thailandeză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pagbuwag_ng_Unyong_Sobyet" title="Pagbuwag ng Unyong Sobyet – tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Pagbuwag ng Unyong Sobyet" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sovyetler_Birli%C4%9Fi%27nin_da%C4%9F%C4%B1lmas%C4%B1" title="Sovyetler Birliği'nin dağılması – turcă" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Sovyetler Birliği'nin dağılması" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="turcă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%A1%D0%A0%D0%91_%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%83%D1%8B" title="ССРБ таркалуы – tătară" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="ССРБ таркалуы" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="tătară" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%B4_%D0%A1%D0%A0%D0%A1%D0%A0" title="Розпад СРСР – ucraineană" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Розпад СРСР" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ucraineană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D9%88%D9%88%DB%8C%D8%AA_%D8%A7%D8%AA%D8%AD%D8%A7%D8%AF_%DA%A9%DB%8C_%D8%AA%D8%AD%D9%84%DB%8C%D9%84" title="سوویت اتحاد کی تحلیل – urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="سوویت اتحاد کی تحلیل" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/SSSRning_qulashi" title="SSSRning qulashi – uzbecă" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="SSSRning qulashi" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="uzbecă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Li%C3%AAn_X%C3%B4_gi%E1%BA%A3i_th%E1%BB%83" title="Liên Xô giải thể – vietnameză" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Liên Xô giải thể" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="vietnameză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%8B%8F%E8%81%94%E8%A7%A3%E4%BD%93" title="苏联解体 – chineză wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="苏联解体" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="chineză wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi badge-Q70893996 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A6%D7%A2%D7%9C%D7%90%D7%96%D7%95%D7%A0%D7%92_%D7%A4%D7%95%D7%9F_%D7%93%D7%A2%D7%A8_%D7%A1%D7%90%D7%95%D7%95%D7%A2%D7%98%D7%9F_%D7%A4%D7%90%D7%A8%D7%91%D7%90%D7%A0%D7%93" title="צעלאזונג פון דער סאוועטן פארבאנד – idiș" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="צעלאזונג פון דער סאוועטן פארבאנד" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="idiș" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%8B%8F%E8%81%94%E8%A7%A3%E4%BD%93" title="苏联解体 – chineză" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="苏联解体" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="chineză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-classical mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-classical.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%98%87%E8%81%AF%E5%B4%A9%E6%9E%90" title="蘇聯崩析 – Literary Chinese" lang="lzh" hreflang="lzh" data-title="蘇聯崩析" data-language-autonym="文言" data-language-local-name="Literary Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>文言</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/So%CD%98-li%C3%A2n_pang-ho%C4%81i" title="So͘-liân pang-hoāi – chineză min nan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="So͘-liân pang-hoāi" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="chineză min nan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%98%87%E8%81%AF%E8%A7%A3%E9%AB%94" title="蘇聯解體 – cantoneză" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="蘇聯解體" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="cantoneză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a 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href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q5167679" title="Legătură către elementul asociat din depozitul de date [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Element Wikidata</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Aspect"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Aspect</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">mută în bara laterală</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">ascunde</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">De la Wikipedia, enciclopedia liberă</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"><span class="mw-redirectedfrom">(Redirecționat de la <a href="/w/index.php?title=Destr%C4%83marea_Uniunii_Sovietice&redirect=no" class="mw-redirect" title="Destrămarea Uniunii Sovietice">Destrămarea Uniunii Sovietice</a>)</span></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="ro" dir="ltr"><figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fi%C8%99ier:USSR_Republics_Numbered_Alphabetically.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/USSR_Republics_Numbered_Alphabetically.png/380px-USSR_Republics_Numbered_Alphabetically.png" decoding="async" width="380" height="260" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/USSR_Republics_Numbered_Alphabetically.png/570px-USSR_Republics_Numbered_Alphabetically.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/USSR_Republics_Numbered_Alphabetically.png/760px-USSR_Republics_Numbered_Alphabetically.png 2x" data-file-width="1356" data-file-height="928" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/State_post-sovietice" class="mw-redirect" title="State post-sovietice">Statele post-sovietice</a> <span style="font-size:90%;">(ordonate alfabetic)</span> <table style="background:transparent;" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <tbody><tr valign="top"> <td style="width:10em;"> <ul style="list-style:none none; padding:0px; margin:0px"><li>1. <a href="/wiki/Armenia" title="Armenia">Armenia</a> </li><li>2. <a href="/wiki/Azerbaidjan" title="Azerbaidjan">Azerbaidjan</a> </li><li>3. <a href="/wiki/Belarus" title="Belarus">Belarus</a> </li><li>4. <a href="/wiki/Estonia" title="Estonia">Estonia</a></li></ul> </td> <td style="width:1.25em;"> </td> <td style="width:10em;"> <ul style="list-style:none none; padding:0px; margin:0px"><li>5. <a href="/wiki/Georgia" title="Georgia">Georgia</a> </li><li>6. <a href="/wiki/Kazahstan" title="Kazahstan">Kazahstan</a> </li><li>7. <a href="/wiki/K%C3%AErg%C3%AEzstan" class="mw-redirect" title="Kîrgîzstan">Kîrgîzstan</a> </li><li>8. <a href="/wiki/Letonia" title="Letonia">Letonia</a></li></ul> </td> <td style="width:1.25em;"> </td> <td style="width:10em;"> <ul style="list-style:none none; padding:0px; margin:0px"><li>9. <a href="/wiki/Lituania" title="Lituania">Lituania</a> </li><li>10. <a href="/wiki/Republica_Moldova" title="Republica Moldova">Moldova</a> </li><li>11. <a href="/wiki/Rusia" title="Rusia">Rusia</a> </li><li>12. <a href="/wiki/Tadjikistan" title="Tadjikistan">Tadjikistan</a></li></ul> </td> <td style="width:1.25em;"> </td> <td style="width:12em;"> <ul style="list-style:none none; padding:0px; margin:0px"><li>13. <a href="/wiki/Turkmenistan" title="Turkmenistan">Turkmenistan</a> </li><li>14. <a href="/wiki/Ucraina" title="Ucraina">Ucraina</a> </li><li>15. <a href="/wiki/Uzbekistan" title="Uzbekistan">Uzbekistan</a></li></ul> </td> <td style="width:1.25em;"> </td></tr></tbody></table> </figcaption></figure> <p><a href="/wiki/Uniunea_Republicilor_Sovietice_Socialiste" title="Uniunea Republicilor Sovietice Socialiste">Uniunea Republicilor Sovietice Socialiste</a> (URSS) a încetat să mai existe pe 26 decembrie 1991 prin declarația nr. 142-H a <a href="/wiki/Sovietul_Suprem" class="mw-redirect" title="Sovietul Suprem">Sovietului Suprem al Republicilor Uniunii Sovietice</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-ReferenceC_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ReferenceC-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> recunoscând independența a douăsprezece <a href="/wiki/Republicile_Uniunii_Sovietice" title="Republicile Uniunii Sovietice">republici ale Uniunii Sovietice</a>, și crearea <a href="/wiki/CSI" class="mw-redirect" title="CSI">Comunității Statelor Independente</a> (CSI). În ziua precedentă, 25 decembrie 1991, Președintele Uniunii Sovietice <a href="/wiki/Mihail_Gorbaciov" title="Mihail Gorbaciov">Mihail Gorbaciov</a> a demisionat, declarând funcția sa desființată. În aceeași zi, seara la 19:32 <a href="/wiki/Drapelul_Uniunii_Sovietice" class="mw-redirect" title="Drapelul Uniunii Sovietice">drapelul Uniunii Sovietice</a> a fost coborât de pe <a href="/wiki/Kremlin_(citadel%C4%83)" title="Kremlin (citadelă)">Kremlin</a> și înlocuit cu <a href="/wiki/Drapelul_Rusiei" title="Drapelul Rusiei">tricolorul rus</a>. În săptămânile anterioare, 11 din republicile sovietice au semnat <a href="/wiki/Protocolul_de_la_Almat%C3%AE" title="Protocolul de la Almatî">Protocolul de la Almatî</a>, înființând oficial CSI și declând încetarea existenței Uniunii Sovietice.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Desființarea Uniunii de asemenea a marcat și sfârșitul <a href="/wiki/R%C4%83zboiul_Rece" title="Războiul Rece">Războiului Rece</a>. <a href="/wiki/Revolu%C8%9Biile_de_la_1989" title="Revoluțiile de la 1989">Revoluțiile de la 1989</a> și <b>dezmembrarea Uniunii Sovietice</b> a condus la încheierea unei ostilități de multe decenii dintre <a href="/wiki/Organiza%C8%9Bia_Tratatului_Atlanticului_de_Nord" title="Organizația Tratatului Atlanticului de Nord">Organizația Tratatului Atlanticului de Nord</a> (NATO) și <a href="/wiki/Pactul_de_la_Var%C8%99ovia" title="Pactul de la Varșovia">Pactul de la Varșovia</a>, care a fost o caracteristică definitorie a Războiului Rece. </p><p>Multe dintre <a href="/wiki/State_post-sovietice" class="mw-redirect" title="State post-sovietice">fostele republici sovietice</a> au menținut relații strânse cu <a href="/wiki/Rusia" title="Rusia">Rusia</a> și au format organizații multilaterale cum ar fi <a href="/wiki/Comunitatea_Economic%C4%83_Euroasiatic%C4%83" class="mw-redirect" title="Comunitatea Economică Euroasiatică">Comunitatea Economică Euroasiatică</a>, <a href="/wiki/Uniunea_Statal%C4%83_Rusia-Belarus" title="Uniunea Statală Rusia-Belarus">Uniunea Statală Rusia-Belarus</a>, <a href="/wiki/Uniunea_Vamal%C4%83_Euroasiatic%C4%83" title="Uniunea Vamală Euroasiatică">Uniunea Vamală Euroasiatică</a>, <a href="/wiki/Uniunea_Euroasiatic%C4%83" title="Uniunea Euroasiatică">Uniunea Euroasiatică</a> pentru a consolida cooperarea economică și de securitate a acestor state. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Rezultate_și_semnificații"><span id="Rezultate_.C8.99i_semnifica.C8.9Bii"></span>Rezultate și semnificații</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Destr%C4%83marea_Uniunii_Republicilor_Sovietice_Socialiste&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Modifică secțiunea: Rezultate și semnificații" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificare</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Destr%C4%83marea_Uniunii_Republicilor_Sovietice_Socialiste&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section's source code: Rezultate și semnificații"><span>modificare sursă</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>La 25 decembrie 1991, președintele sovietic <a href="/wiki/Mihail_Gorbaciov" title="Mihail Gorbaciov">Mihail Gorbaciov</a> a anunțat încetarea activităților sale în acest post "din motive de principiu". </p><p>La 26 decembrie, Consiliul republicilor Sovietului Suprem al URSS a adoptat o declarație privind încetarea existenței URSS în legătură cu formarea <a href="/wiki/Comunitatea_Statelor_Independente" title="Comunitatea Statelor Independente">Comunității Statelor Independente</a>. </p><p>Odată cu prăbușirea URSS, cincisprezece foste republici sovietice au devenit independente. </p><p>Procesele de reconfigurare a spațiului post-sovietic, încercările de dezvoltare activă de la sfârșitul anilor 1980 de către principalii jucători concurenți în arena politică: <a href="/wiki/Statele_Unite" class="mw-redirect" title="Statele Unite">Statele Unite</a>, <a href="/wiki/Marea_Britanie" title="Marea Britanie">Marea Britanie</a>, <a href="/wiki/Germania" title="Germania">Germania</a>, <a href="/wiki/Fran%C8%9Ba" title="Franța">Franța</a>, <a href="/wiki/Italia" title="Italia">Italia</a>, <a href="/wiki/China" title="China">China</a>, <a href="/wiki/Japonia" title="Japonia">Japonia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Turcia" title="Turcia">Turcia</a> și ulterior <a href="/wiki/Rusia" title="Rusia">Rusia</a> - au dus la o restructurare <a href="/wiki/Geopolitic%C4%83" title="Geopolitică">geopolitică</a> globală : o lume unipolară formată cu dominarea globală a SUA ca singura <a href="/wiki/Superputere" title="Superputere">superputere</a> <sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEВнутриполитические_процессы_в_России_и_Украине_и_перспективы_российско-украинских_отношений_в_период_2014-2020_гг2014_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEВнутриполитические_процессы_в_России_и_Украине_и_перспективы_российско-украинских_отношений_в_период_2014-2020_гг2014-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Cronologia_Declarațiilor_de_Independență"><span id="Cronologia_Declara.C8.9Biilor_de_Independen.C8.9B.C4.83"></span>Cronologia Declarațiilor de Independență</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Destr%C4%83marea_Uniunii_Republicilor_Sovietice_Socialiste&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Modifică secțiunea: Cronologia Declarațiilor de Independență" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificare</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Destr%C4%83marea_Uniunii_Republicilor_Sovietice_Socialiste&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section's source code: Cronologia Declarațiilor de Independență"><span>modificare sursă</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Statele cu <a href="/wiki/Lista_statelor_cu_recunoa%C8%99tere_limitat%C4%83" title="Lista statelor cu recunoaștere limitată">recunoaștere limitată</a> sunt afișate <i>cursiv</i>. </p> <ul><li><span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Lituania"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Flag_of_Lithuania.svg/23px-Flag_of_Lithuania.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Flag_of_Lithuania.svg/35px-Flag_of_Lithuania.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Flag_of_Lithuania.svg/46px-Flag_of_Lithuania.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Lituania" title="Lituania">Lituania</a></span> – 11 martie 1990</li> <li><span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Estonia"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Flag_of_Estonia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Estonia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Flag_of_Estonia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Estonia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Flag_of_Estonia.svg/46px-Flag_of_Estonia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="990" data-file-height="630" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Estonia" title="Estonia">Estonia</a></span> (tranzițională) – 30 martie 1990</li></ul> <dl><dd><dl><dd><dl><dd>(efectivă) – 20 august 1991</dd></dl></dd></dl></dd></dl> <ul><li><span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Letonia"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Flag_of_Latvia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Latvia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Flag_of_Latvia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Latvia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Flag_of_Latvia.svg/46px-Flag_of_Latvia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Letonia" title="Letonia">Letonia</a></span> (tranzițională) – 4 mai 1990</li></ul> <dl><dd><dl><dd><dl><dd>(efectivă) – 21 august 1991</dd></dl></dd></dl></dd></dl> <ul><li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Flag_of_the_Republic_of_Abkhazia.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Republic_of_Abkhazia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Flag_of_the_Republic_of_Abkhazia.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Republic_of_Abkhazia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Flag_of_the_Republic_of_Abkhazia.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_Republic_of_Abkhazia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Abhazia" title="Abhazia"><i>Abhazia</i></a> (care apartine Georgiei) – 25 august 1990</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/Flag_of_Transnistria_%28variant%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Transnistria_%28variant%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/Flag_of_Transnistria_%28variant%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Transnistria_%28variant%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/Flag_of_Transnistria_%28variant%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_Transnistria_%28variant%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1400" data-file-height="700" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Transnistria" title="Transnistria"><i>Transnistria</i></a> (față de Republica Moldova) – 2 septembrie 1990</li> <li><span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Georgia"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Flag_of_Georgia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Georgia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Flag_of_Georgia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Georgia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Flag_of_Georgia.svg/45px-Flag_of_Georgia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Georgia" title="Georgia">Georgia</a></span> – 9 aprilie 1991</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Flag_of_Gagauzia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Gagauzia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Flag_of_Gagauzia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Gagauzia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Flag_of_Gagauzia.svg/46px-Flag_of_Gagauzia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="500" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/G%C4%83g%C4%83uzia" title="Găgăuzia"><i>Găgăuzia</i></a> (față de Republica Moldova) - 19 august 1991</li> <li><span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Ucraina"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Flag_of_Ukraine.svg/23px-Flag_of_Ukraine.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Flag_of_Ukraine.svg/35px-Flag_of_Ukraine.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Flag_of_Ukraine.svg/45px-Flag_of_Ukraine.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Ucraina" title="Ucraina">Ucraina</a></span> – 24 august 1991</li> <li><span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Belarus"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Flag_of_Belarus.svg/23px-Flag_of_Belarus.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Flag_of_Belarus.svg/35px-Flag_of_Belarus.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Flag_of_Belarus.svg/46px-Flag_of_Belarus.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Belarus" title="Belarus">Belarus</a></span> – 25 august 1991</li> <li><span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Republica Moldova"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Flag_of_Moldova.svg/23px-Flag_of_Moldova.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Flag_of_Moldova.svg/35px-Flag_of_Moldova.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Flag_of_Moldova.svg/46px-Flag_of_Moldova.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1800" data-file-height="900" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Republica_Moldova" title="Republica Moldova">Republica Moldova</a></span> – 27 august 1991</li> <li><span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Kârgâzstan"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Flag_of_Kyrgyzstan.svg/23px-Flag_of_Kyrgyzstan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Flag_of_Kyrgyzstan.svg/35px-Flag_of_Kyrgyzstan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Flag_of_Kyrgyzstan.svg/46px-Flag_of_Kyrgyzstan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/K%C3%A2rg%C3%A2zstan" title="Kârgâzstan">Kârgâzstan</a></span> – 31 august 1991</li> <li><span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Uzbekistan"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Flag_of_Uzbekistan.svg/23px-Flag_of_Uzbekistan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Flag_of_Uzbekistan.svg/35px-Flag_of_Uzbekistan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Flag_of_Uzbekistan.svg/46px-Flag_of_Uzbekistan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="500" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Uzbekistan" title="Uzbekistan">Uzbekistan</a></span> – 1 septembrie 1991</li> <li><span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Republica Nagorno-Karabah"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/Flag_of_Artsakh.svg/23px-Flag_of_Artsakh.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/Flag_of_Artsakh.svg/35px-Flag_of_Artsakh.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/Flag_of_Artsakh.svg/46px-Flag_of_Artsakh.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Republica_Nagorno-Karabah" class="mw-redirect" title="Republica Nagorno-Karabah"><i>Nagorno-Karabah</i></a></span> (față de Azerbaidjan) – 2 septembrie 1991</li> <li><span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Tadjikistan"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Flag_of_Tajikistan.svg/23px-Flag_of_Tajikistan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Flag_of_Tajikistan.svg/35px-Flag_of_Tajikistan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Flag_of_Tajikistan.svg/46px-Flag_of_Tajikistan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Tadjikistan" title="Tadjikistan">Tadjikistan</a></span> – 9 septembrie 1991</li> <li><span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Armenia"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/Flag_of_Armenia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Armenia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/Flag_of_Armenia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Armenia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/Flag_of_Armenia.svg/46px-Flag_of_Armenia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Armenia" title="Armenia">Armenia</a></span> – 21 septembrie 1991</li> <li><span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Azerbaidjan"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Flag_of_Azerbaijan.svg/23px-Flag_of_Azerbaijan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Flag_of_Azerbaijan.svg/35px-Flag_of_Azerbaijan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Flag_of_Azerbaijan.svg/46px-Flag_of_Azerbaijan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Azerbaidjan" title="Azerbaidjan">Azerbaidjan</a></span> – 18 octombrie 1991</li> <li><span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Turkmenistan"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Flag_of_Turkmenistan.svg/23px-Flag_of_Turkmenistan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Flag_of_Turkmenistan.svg/35px-Flag_of_Turkmenistan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Flag_of_Turkmenistan.svg/45px-Flag_of_Turkmenistan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Turkmenistan" title="Turkmenistan">Turkmenistan</a></span> – 27 octombrie 1991</li> <li><span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Republica Cecenă Icikeria"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Flag_of_Chechen_Republic_of_Ichkeria.svg/23px-Flag_of_Chechen_Republic_of_Ichkeria.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Flag_of_Chechen_Republic_of_Ichkeria.svg/35px-Flag_of_Chechen_Republic_of_Ichkeria.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Flag_of_Chechen_Republic_of_Ichkeria.svg/46px-Flag_of_Chechen_Republic_of_Ichkeria.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1100" data-file-height="700" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Republica_Cecen%C4%83_Icikeria" title="Republica Cecenă Icikeria"><i>Republica Cecenă Icikeria</i></a></span> (față de Federația Ruse) - 1 noiembrie 1991</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_South_Ossetia.svg/23px-Flag_of_South_Ossetia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_South_Ossetia.svg/35px-Flag_of_South_Ossetia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_South_Ossetia.svg/46px-Flag_of_South_Ossetia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Osetia_de_Sud" title="Osetia de Sud"><i>Osetia de Sud</i></a> (față de Georgia) – 28 noiembrie 1991</li> <li><span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Rusia"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/45px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Rusia" title="Rusia">Rusia</a></span> – 12 decembrie 1991 (în această zi <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sovietul_Suprem_al_RSFS_Ruse&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sovietul Suprem al RSFS Ruse — pagină inexistentă">Sovietul Suprem al RSFS Ruse</a> a ratificat oficial <a href="/wiki/Acordurile_de_la_Belaveja" title="Acordurile de la Belaveja">Acordurile de la Belaveja</a>, denunțând <a href="/wiki/Tratatul_pentru_crearea_Uniunii_Sovietice" title="Tratatul pentru crearea Uniunii Sovietice">Tratatul Uniunii din 1922</a>, și a convocat deputații ruși din <a href="/wiki/Sovietul_Suprem_al_Uniunii_Sovietice" title="Sovietul Suprem al Uniunii Sovietice">Sovietul Suprem al Uniunii Sovietice</a>).</li> <li><span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="Kazahstan"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Flag_of_Kazakhstan.svg/23px-Flag_of_Kazakhstan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Flag_of_Kazakhstan.svg/35px-Flag_of_Kazakhstan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Flag_of_Kazakhstan.svg/46px-Flag_of_Kazakhstan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="500" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Kazahstan" title="Kazahstan">Kazahstan</a></span> – 16 decembrie 1991</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Direcții_în_istoriografia_destrămării_URSS"><span id="Direc.C8.9Bii_.C3.AEn_istoriografia_destr.C4.83m.C4.83rii_URSS"></span>Direcții în istoriografia destrămării URSS</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Destr%C4%83marea_Uniunii_Republicilor_Sovietice_Socialiste&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Modifică secțiunea: Direcții în istoriografia destrămării URSS" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificare</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Destr%C4%83marea_Uniunii_Republicilor_Sovietice_Socialiste&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section's source code: Direcții în istoriografia destrămării URSS"><span>modificare sursă</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Istoriografia privind dizolvarea sovietică poate fi clasificată aproximativ în două grupe, și anume abordări intenționaliste și abordări structuraliste. </p><p>Cele internaționaliste susțin că colapsul sovietic nu era inevitabil și că a rezultat din politicile și deciziile anumitor indivizi (de obicei, <a href="/wiki/Mihail_Gorbaciov" title="Mihail Gorbaciov">Gorbaciov</a> și <a href="/wiki/Boris_El%C8%9B%C3%AEn" title="Boris Elțîn">Elțin</a>). Un exemplu caracteristic de abordare intenționalistă este <i>Factorul Gorbaciov</i> a istoricului Archie Brown, care susține că <a href="/wiki/Mihail_Gorbaciov" title="Mihail Gorbaciov">Gorbaciov</a> a fost forța principală în politica sovietică cel puțin în perioada 1985–1988 și că chiar și mai târziu a condus în mare măsură reformele și evoluțiile politice, și că nu a fost condus de evenimente.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Acest lucru era valabil mai ales pentru politicile <i>perestroika</i> și <i>glasnost</i>, reformele în direcția economiei de piață și pozițiile de politică externă, după cum a confirmat politologul George Breslauer, etichetându-l pe Gorbaciov drept un „om al evenimentelor”.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Într-o notă ușor diferită, David Kotz și Fred Weir au susținut că elitele sovietice au fost responsabile de impulsionarea atât a naționalismului, cât și a capitalismului, de care ar putea beneficia personal (fapt demonstrat și de prezența lor perpetuată în eșaloanele economice și politice superioare ale republicilor post-sovietice).<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Dimpotrivă, abordările structuraliste adoptă o viziune mai deterministă, în care dizolvarea URSS a fost rezultatul unor probleme structurale profund înrădăcinate, care au plantat o „bombă cu ceas”. De exemplu, Edward Walker a susținut că în timp ce minorităților naționale li se refuza accesul la putere la nivelul Uniunii, și se confruntau cu o formă de modernizare economică destabilizatoare cultural și, fiind supuse unei oarecare rusificări, ele erau totuși consolidate de mai multe politici implementate de regimul sovietic (cum ar fi indigenizarea conducerii, sprijinirea limbilor locale și așa mai departe) care au creat, în timp, conștiințe naționale. În plus, miturile de bază care legitimau sistemul federativ al Uniunii Sovietice — cum că aceasta ar fi fost o uniune voluntară și reciprocă de popoare aliate — a facilitat secesiunea/independența.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> La <time datetime="2016-01-25">25 ianuarie 2016</time>, președintele rus Vladimir Putin a susținut acest punct de vedere, spunând despre sprijinul acordat de Lenin dreptului de secesiune pentru republicile sovietice, că era o „bombă cu acțiune întârziată”.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Referințe"><span id="Referin.C8.9Be"></span>Referințe</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Destr%C4%83marea_Uniunii_Republicilor_Sovietice_Socialiste&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Modifică secțiunea: Referințe" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificare</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Destr%C4%83marea_Uniunii_Republicilor_Sovietice_Socialiste&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section's source code: Referințe"><span>modificare sursă</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-ReferenceC-1"><b><a href="#cite_ref-ReferenceC_1-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><span style="border:solid 1px #44A; background-color:#EEF; font-family:monospace; color:#008; font-size:0.9em; padding:0px 4px 2px 4px; position:relative; bottom:0.2em; cursor:help;" title="Limba rusă">ru</span> <a href="https://ro.wikisource.org/wiki/ru:%D0%94%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%A1%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B0_%D0%A0%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BF%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BA_%D0%92%D0%A1_%D0%A1%D0%A1%D0%A1%D0%A0_%D0%BE%D1%82_26.12.1991_%E2%84%96_142-%D0%9D" class="extiw" title="s:ru:Декларация Совета Республик ВС СССР от 26.12.1991 № 142-Н">Declaration № 142-Н</a> of the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Soviet_of_Nationalities&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Soviet of Nationalities — pagină inexistentă">Soviet of the Republics of the Supreme Soviet of the Soviet Union</a>, formally establishing the dissolution of the Soviet Union as a state and subject of international law.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation news"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nytimes.com/1991/12/22/world/end-soviet-union-text-declaration-mutual-recognition-equal-basis.html?ref=azerbaijan&gwh=2B6C852C56E742A995246053162D1274">„THE END OF THE SOVIET UNION; Text of Declaration: 'Mutual Recognition' and 'an Equal Basis' - New York Times”</a>. 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Accesat în <time datetime="2013-03-30">30 martie 2013</time></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=THE+END+OF+THE+SOVIET+UNION%3B+Text+of+Declaration%3A+%27Mutual+Recognition%27+and+%27an+Equal+Basis%27+-+New+York+Times&rft.date=1991-12-22&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1991%2F12%2F22%2Fworld%2Fend-soviet-union-text-declaration-mutual-recognition-equal-basis.html%3Fref%3Dazerbaijan%26gwh%3D2B6C852C56E742A995246053162D1274&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fro.wikipedia.org%3ADestr%C4%83marea+Uniunii+Republicilor+Sovietice+Socialiste" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r16236537">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"„""”""«""»"}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/9px-Lock-green.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-red-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration{color:#555}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription span,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration span{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/12px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output code.cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:inherit;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#33aa33;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration,.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-right{padding-right:0.2em}</style></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation news"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nytimes.com/learning/general/onthisday/big/1225.html#article">„Gorbachev, Last Soviet Leader, Resigns; U.S. Recognizes Republics' Independence”</a>. 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Accesat în <time datetime="2012-11-13">13 noiembrie 2012</time></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+Security&rft.atitle=Unrest+Assured%3A+Why+Unipolarity+Is+Not+Peaceful&rft.ssn=fall&rft.volume=36&rft.issue=3&rft.pages=9-40%2C+p.+9&rft.date=2011%2F2012&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1162%2FISEC_a_00064&rft.aulast=Monteiro&rft.aufirst=Nuno&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.mitpressjournals.org%2Fdoi%2Fpdf%2F10.1162%2FISEC_a_00064&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fro.wikipedia.org%3ADestr%C4%83marea+Uniunii+Republicilor+Sovietice+Socialiste" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r16236537"></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britannica.com/topic/superpower">Superpower</a> // <a href="/wiki/Encyclopedia_Britannica" class="mw-redirect" title="Encyclopedia Britannica">Encyclopedia Britannica</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book">Brown, Archie (<time datetime="1997">1997</time>). <i>The Gorbachev Factor</i>. Oxford: Oxford University Press. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:Referin%C8%9Be_%C3%AEn_c%C4%83r%C8%9Bi/978-0-19288-052-9" title="Special:Referințe în cărți/978-0-19288-052-9">978-0-19288-052-9</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Gorbachev+Factor&rft.place=Oxford&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=1997&rft.isbn=978-0-19288-052-9&rft.aulast=Brown&rft.aufirst=Archie&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fro.wikipedia.org%3ADestr%C4%83marea+Uniunii+Republicilor+Sovietice+Socialiste" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r16236537"></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book">Breslauer, George (<time datetime="2002">2002</time>). <i>Gorbachev and Yeltsin as Leaders</i>. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. pp. 274–275. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:Referin%C8%9Be_%C3%AEn_c%C4%83r%C8%9Bi/978-0521892445" title="Special:Referințe în cărți/978-0521892445">978-0521892445</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Gorbachev+and+Yeltsin+as+Leaders&rft.place=Cambridge&rft.pages=274-275&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.date=2002&rft.isbn=978-0521892445&rft.aulast=Breslauer&rft.aufirst=George&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fro.wikipedia.org%3ADestr%C4%83marea+Uniunii+Republicilor+Sovietice+Socialiste" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r16236537"></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation journal">Kotz, David and Fred Weir. „The Collapse of the Soviet Union was a Revolution from Above”. <i>The Rise and Fall of the Soviet Union</i>: 155–164.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Rise+and+Fall+of+the+Soviet+Union&rft.atitle=The+Collapse+of+the+Soviet+Union+was+a+Revolution+from+Above&rft.pages=155-164&rft.au=Kotz%2C+David+and+Fred+Weir&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fro.wikipedia.org%3ADestr%C4%83marea+Uniunii+Republicilor+Sovietice+Socialiste" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r16236537"></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book">Edward, Walker (<time datetime="2003">2003</time>). <i>Dissolution: Sovereignty and the Breakup of the Soviet Union</i>. Oxford: Rowman & Littlefield Publishers. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:Referin%C8%9Be_%C3%AEn_c%C4%83r%C8%9Bi/978-0-74252-453-8" title="Special:Referințe în cărți/978-0-74252-453-8">978-0-74252-453-8</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Dissolution%3A+Sovereignty+and+the+Breakup+of+the+Soviet+Union&rft.place=Oxford&rft.pub=Rowman+%26+Littlefield+Publishers&rft.date=2003&rft.isbn=978-0-74252-453-8&rft.aulast=Edward&rft.aufirst=Walker&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fro.wikipedia.org%3ADestr%C4%83marea+Uniunii+Republicilor+Sovietice+Socialiste" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r16236537"></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://sputniknews.com/politics/201601251033697183-putin-lenin-destroed-ussr/">"Putin: Lenin’s Ideas Destroyed USSR by Backing Republics Right to Secession"</a>, sputniknews, 25 ianuarie 2016</span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bibliografie">Bibliografie</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Destr%C4%83marea_Uniunii_Republicilor_Sovietice_Socialiste&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Modifică secțiunea: Bibliografie" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificare</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Destr%C4%83marea_Uniunii_Republicilor_Sovietice_Socialiste&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section's source code: Bibliografie"><span>modificare sursă</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Aron, Leon. <i>Boris Yeltsin : A Revolutionary Life</i>. Harper Collins (2000). <a href="/wiki/Special:Referin%C8%9Be_%C3%AEn_c%C4%83r%C8%9Bi/0006530419" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 0-00-653041-9</a></li> <li>Crawshaw, Steve. <i>Goodbye to the USSR: The Collapse of Soviet Power</i>. Bloomsbury (1992). <a href="/wiki/Special:Referin%C8%9Be_%C3%AEn_c%C4%83r%C8%9Bi/0747515611" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 0-7475-1561-1</a></li> <li>Dawisha, Karen & Parrott, Bruce (Editors). "Conflict, cleavage, and change in Central Asia and the Caucasus". Cambridge University Press (1997). <a href="/wiki/Special:Referin%C8%9Be_%C3%AEn_c%C4%83r%C8%9Bi/0521597315" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 0-521-59731-5</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Thomas_de_Waal&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Thomas de Waal — pagină inexistentă">de Waal, Thomas</a>. <i>Black Garden</i>. NYU (2003). <a href="/wiki/Special:Referin%C8%9Be_%C3%AEn_c%C4%83r%C8%9Bi/0814719457" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 0-8147-1945-7</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mihail_Gorbaciov" title="Mihail Gorbaciov">Gorbachev, Mikhail</a>. <i>Memoirs</i>. Doubleday (1995). <a href="/wiki/Special:Referin%C8%9Be_%C3%AEn_c%C4%83r%C8%9Bi/0385406681" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 0-385-40668-1</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Conor_O%27Clery&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Conor O'Clery — pagină inexistentă">O'Clery, Conor</a>. <i>Moscow 25 decembrie 1991: The Last Day of the Soviet Union</i>. Transworld Ireland (2011). <a href="/wiki/Special:Referin%C8%9Be_%C3%AEn_c%C4%83r%C8%9Bi/9781848271128" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 978-1-84827-112-8</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Legături_externe"><span id="Leg.C4.83turi_externe"></span>Legături externe</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Destr%C4%83marea_Uniunii_Republicilor_Sovietice_Socialiste&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Modifică secțiunea: Legături externe" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificare</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Destr%C4%83marea_Uniunii_Republicilor_Sovietice_Socialiste&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section's source code: Legături externe"><span>modificare sursă</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.theatlantic.com/infocus/2011/12/20-years-since-the-fall-of-the-soviet-union/100214/">Photographs of the fall of the USSR by photojournalist Alain-Pierre Hovasse, a first-hand witness of these events.</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://library.gwu.edu/ead/ms2203.xml">Guide to the James Hershberg poster collection</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20171010070730/http://library.gwu.edu/ead/ms2203.xml">Arhivat</a> în <time datetime="2017-10-10">10 octombrie 2017</time>, la <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" class="mw-redirect" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>., Special Collections Research Center, The Estelle and Melvin Gelman Library, The George Washington University. This collection contains posters documenting the changing social and political culture in the former Soviet Union and Europe (particularly Eastern Europe) during the collapse of Communism in Eastern Europe and the breakup of the Soviet Union. A significant portion of the posters in this collection were used in a 1999 exhibit at Gelman Library titled "Goodbye Comrade: An Exhibition of Images from the Revolution of '89 and the Collapse of Communism."</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.thoughtequity.com/video/clip/5110171AA3013_047.do">Lowering of the Soviet flag in 25 decembrie 1991</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20081122005246/http://www.thoughtequity.com/video/clip/5110171AA3013_047.do">Arhivat</a> în <time datetime="2008-11-22">22 noiembrie 2008</time>, la <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" class="mw-redirect" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://repository.library.georgetown.edu/handle/10822/552510">U.S. Response to the End of the USSR</a> from the <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://repository.library.georgetown.edu/handle/10822/552494/browse?type=title">Dean Peter Krogh Foreign Affairs Digital Archives</a></li></ul> <table class="navbox" cellspacing="0" style=""> <tbody><tr> <td style="padding:2px;"> <table cellspacing="0" class="nowraplinks collapsible autocollapse" style="width:100%;background:transparent;color:inherit;;"> <tbody><tr> <th style=";" colspan="3" class="navbox-title"><div style="float:left; width:6em;text-align:left;"><div class="noprint plainlinks" style="padding:0; font-size:xx-small; color:var(--color-base, #000); white-space:nowrap; ;"><span style=";;border:none;"><a href="/wiki/Format:Imperialism_postsovietic" title="Format:Imperialism postsovietic"><span title="Vizualizare format" style=";;border:none;;">v</span></a> <span style="font-size:80%;">•</span> <a href="/wiki/Discu%C8%9Bie_Format:Imperialism_postsovietic" title="Discuție Format:Imperialism postsovietic"><span title="Discuție format" style=";;border:none;;">d</span></a> <span style="font-size:80%;">•</span> <a class="external text" href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Format:Imperialism_postsovietic&action=edit"><span title="Acest format se poate modifica. Folosiți butonul de previzualizare înainte de a salva." style=";;border:none;;">m</span></a></span></div></div><span class="" style="font-size: 110%;"><a href="/wiki/Imperialism" title="Imperialism">Imperialism</a> postsovietic</span> </th></tr> <tr style="height:2px;"> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="navbox-group" style=";;"><div style="text-align:center"><a href="/wiki/Istoria_Rusiei_postsovietice" title="Istoria Rusiei postsovietice">Istoria<br />Rusiei<br />postsovietice</a></div> </td> <td style="text-align:left;border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;width:100%;padding:0px;;;" class="navbox-list navbox-odd"> <div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> </div> <table cellspacing="0" class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="width:100%;;;"> <tbody><tr> <td class="navbox-group" style=";padding-left:0em;padding-right:0em;;"><div style="padding:0em 0.75em;"><div style="text-align:center"><a href="/wiki/Uniunea_Republicilor_Sovietice_Socialiste" title="Uniunea Republicilor Sovietice Socialiste">URSS</a></div></div> </td> <td style="text-align:left;border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;width:100%;padding:0px;;;" class="navbox-list navbox-even"> <div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Destrămarea Uniunii Republicilor Sovietice Socialiste</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;">·</span>  <a href="/wiki/State_postsovietice" title="State postsovietice">State postsovietice</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Nostalgia_pentru_Uniunea_Sovietic%C4%83&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nostalgia pentru Uniunea Sovietică — pagină inexistentă">Nostalgia pentru URSS</a><sup><small>⁠(<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nostalgia_for_the_Soviet_Union" class="extiw" title="en:Nostalgia for the Soviet Union"><span title="„Nostalgia for the Soviet Union” la Wikipedia în engleză">en</span></a>)</small></sup><sup class="plainlinks"><small>[<a class="external text" href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:ContentTranslation?title=Special:ContentTranslation&campaign=contributionsmenu&to=ro&from=en&page=Nostalgia+for+the+Soviet+Union&targettitle=Nostalgia+pentru+Uniunea+Sovietic%C4%83%7CNostalgia+pentru+URSS">traduceți</a>]</small></sup> <span style="font-weight:bold;">·</span>  <a href="/wiki/F%C4%83cut_%C3%AEn_URSS" title="Făcut în URSS">Făcut în URSS</a></div> </td></tr> <tr style="height:2px"> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="navbox-group" style=";padding-left:0em;padding-right:0em;;"><div style="padding:0em 0.75em;"><div style="text-align:center"><a href="/wiki/Politica_Rusiei" title="Politica Rusiei">Politica<br />Rusiei</a></div></div> </td> <td style="text-align:left;border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;width:100%;padding:0px;;;" class="navbox-list navbox-odd"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Na%C8%9Bionalism_rus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Naționalism rus — pagină inexistentă">Naționalism rus</a><sup><small>⁠(<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Russian_nationalism" class="extiw" title="en:Russian nationalism"><span title="„Russian nationalism” la Wikipedia în engleză">en</span></a>)</small></sup><sup class="plainlinks"><small>[<a class="external text" href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:ContentTranslation?title=Special:ContentTranslation&campaign=contributionsmenu&to=ro&from=en&page=Russian+nationalism&targettitle=Na%C8%9Bionalism+rus">traduceți</a>]</small></sup> <span style="font-weight:bold;">·</span>  <a href="/wiki/Iredentism_rus" title="Iredentism rus">Iredentism rus</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;">·</span>  <a href="/wiki/Ruscism" title="Ruscism">Ruscism</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;">·</span>  <a href="/w/index.php?title=Neosovietism&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Neosovietism — pagină inexistentă">Neosovietism</a><sup><small>⁠(<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neo-sovietism" class="extiw" title="en:Neo-sovietism"><span title="„Neo-sovietism” la Wikipedia în engleză">en</span></a>)</small></sup><sup class="plainlinks"><small>[<a class="external text" href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:ContentTranslation?title=Special:ContentTranslation&campaign=contributionsmenu&to=ro&from=en&page=Neo-sovietism&targettitle=Neosovietism">traduceți</a>]</small></sup> <span style="font-weight:bold;">·</span>  <a href="/wiki/Vladimir_Putin" title="Vladimir Putin">Vladimir Putin</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;">·</span>  <a href="/wiki/Aleksandr_Dughin" title="Aleksandr Dughin">Aleksandr Dughin</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;">·</span>  <a href="/wiki/Vladimir_Jirinovski" title="Vladimir Jirinovski">Vladimir Jirinovski</a></div> </td></tr> <tr style="height:2px"> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="navbox-group" style=";padding-left:0em;padding-right:0em;;"><div style="padding:0em 0.75em;"><div style="text-align:center"><a href="/wiki/Geopolitic%C4%83" title="Geopolitică">Geopolitică</a></div></div> </td> <td style="text-align:left;border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;width:100%;padding:0px;;;" class="navbox-list navbox-even"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <a href="/wiki/Rusia" title="Rusia">Federația Rusă</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;">·</span>  <a href="/wiki/Regiunea_Baltic%C4%83" title="Regiunea Baltică">Regiunea Baltică</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;">·</span>  <a href="/wiki/Istmul_ponto-baltic" title="Istmul ponto-baltic">Istmul ponto-baltic</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;">·</span>  <a href="/wiki/Zona_extins%C4%83_a_M%C4%83rii_Negre" title="Zona extinsă a Mării Negre">Zona extinsă a Mării Negre</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;">·</span>  <a href="/wiki/Balcanii_Eurasiatici" title="Balcanii Eurasiatici">Balcanii Eurasiatici</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;">·</span>  <a href="/w/index.php?title=Regiunea_Caspic%C4%83&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Regiunea Caspică — pagină inexistentă">Regiunea Caspică</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;">·</span>  <a href="/wiki/Doctrina_vecin%C4%83t%C4%83%C8%9Bii_apropiate" title="Doctrina vecinătății apropiate">Doctrina vecinătății apropiate</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;">·</span>  <a href="/w/index.php?title=Doctrina_Putin&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Doctrina Putin — pagină inexistentă">Doctrina Putin</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;">·</span>  <a href="/wiki/Lumea_rus%C4%83" title="Lumea rusă">Lumea rusă (Russkii Mir)</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;">·</span>  <a href="/wiki/Occidentul_colectiv" title="Occidentul colectiv">Occidentul colectiv</a></div> </td></tr> <tr style="height:2px"> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="navbox-group" style=";padding-left:0em;padding-right:0em;;"><div style="padding:0em 0.75em;"><div style="text-align:center"><a href="/wiki/Rela%C8%9Biile_externe_ale_Rusiei" title="Relațiile externe ale Rusiei">Relațiile<br />externe<br />ale Rusiei</a></div></div> </td> <td style="text-align:left;border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;width:100%;padding:0px;;;" class="navbox-list navbox-odd"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <a href="/wiki/Uniunea_Statal%C4%83_Rusia-Belarus" title="Uniunea Statală Rusia-Belarus">Uniunea Statală Rusia-Belarus</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;">·</span>  <a href="/wiki/Comunitatea_Statelor_Independente" title="Comunitatea Statelor Independente">Comunitatea Statelor Independente</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;">·</span>  <a href="/wiki/Uniunea_Vamal%C4%83_Euroasiatic%C4%83" title="Uniunea Vamală Euroasiatică">Uniunea Vamală Euroasiatică</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;">·</span>  <a href="/w/index.php?title=L%C4%83rgirea_Uniunii_Economice_Eurasiatice&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lărgirea Uniunii Economice Eurasiatice — pagină inexistentă">Lărgirea Uniunii Economice Eurasiatice</a><sup><small>⁠(<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enlargement_of_the_Eurasian_Economic_Union" class="extiw" title="en:Enlargement of the Eurasian Economic Union"><span title="„Enlargement of the Eurasian Economic Union” la Wikipedia în engleză">en</span></a>)</small></sup><sup class="plainlinks"><small>[<a class="external text" href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:ContentTranslation?title=Special:ContentTranslation&campaign=contributionsmenu&to=ro&from=en&page=Enlargement+of+the+Eurasian+Economic+Union&targettitle=L%C4%83rgirea+Uniunii+Economice+Eurasiatice">traduceți</a>]</small></sup> <span style="font-weight:bold;">·</span>  <a href="/wiki/Organiza%C8%9Bia_Tratatului_de_Securitate_Colectiv%C4%83" title="Organizația Tratatului de Securitate Colectivă">Organizația Tratatului de Securitate Colectivă</a></div> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r16513826">.mw-parser-output .navbox{margin:0 auto 0}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow[style],html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbox-group[style],html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output 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class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fi%C8%99ier:Evstafiev-chechnya-palace-gunman.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cc/Evstafiev-chechnya-palace-gunman.jpg/150px-Evstafiev-chechnya-palace-gunman.jpg" decoding="async" width="150" height="98" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cc/Evstafiev-chechnya-palace-gunman.jpg/225px-Evstafiev-chechnya-palace-gunman.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cc/Evstafiev-chechnya-palace-gunman.jpg/300px-Evstafiev-chechnya-palace-gunman.jpg 2x" data-file-width="700" data-file-height="457" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure><figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fi%C8%99ier:Possible_routes_of_alleged_Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine_(January_2022).png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/be/Possible_routes_of_alleged_Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine_%28January_2022%29.png/150px-Possible_routes_of_alleged_Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine_%28January_2022%29.png" decoding="async" width="150" height="105" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/be/Possible_routes_of_alleged_Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine_%28January_2022%29.png/225px-Possible_routes_of_alleged_Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine_%28January_2022%29.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/be/Possible_routes_of_alleged_Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine_%28January_2022%29.png/300px-Possible_routes_of_alleged_Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine_%28January_2022%29.png 2x" data-file-width="2560" data-file-height="1796" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> </td></tr> <tr style="height:2px"> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="navbox-group" style=";;"><div style="text-align:center"><a href="/wiki/Conflicte_postsovietice" title="Conflicte postsovietice">Conflicte<br />postsovietice</a></div> </td> <td style="text-align:left;border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;width:100%;padding:0px;;;" class="navbox-list navbox-even"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> </div> <table cellspacing="0" class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="width:100%;;;"> <tbody><tr> <td class="navbox-group" style=";padding-left:0em;padding-right:0em;;"><div style="padding:0em 0.75em;"><div style="text-align:center"><a href="/wiki/Republica_Moldova" title="Republica Moldova">Republica<br />Moldova</a></div></div> </td> <td style="text-align:left;border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;width:100%;padding:0px;;;" class="navbox-list navbox-even"> <div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <a href="/wiki/Conflictul_din_G%C4%83g%C4%83uzia" title="Conflictul din Găgăuzia">Conflictul din Găgăuzia</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;">·</span>  <a href="/wiki/Cronologia_conflictului_din_Transnistria" title="Cronologia conflictului din Transnistria">Cronologia conflictului din Transnistria</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;">·</span>  <a href="/wiki/R%C4%83zboiul_din_Transnistria" title="Războiul din Transnistria">Războiul din Transnistria</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;">·</span>  <a href="/wiki/Memorandumul_Kozak" title="Memorandumul Kozak">Memorandumul Kozak</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;">·</span>  <a href="/wiki/Memorandumul_de_la_Moscova_din_1997" title="Memorandumul de la Moscova din 1997">Memorandumul de la Moscova din 1997</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;">·</span>  <a href="/wiki/Conflictul_transnistrean_din_2006" title="Conflictul transnistrean din 2006">Conflictul transnistrean din 2006</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;">·</span>  <a href="/wiki/Referendumul_din_Transnistria,_2006" title="Referendumul din Transnistria, 2006">Referendumul din Transnistria, 2006</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;">·</span>  <a href="/wiki/Embargoul_rus_asupra_vinurilor_din_Republica_Moldova_%C8%99i_Georgia_(2006)" title="Embargoul rus asupra vinurilor din Republica Moldova și Georgia (2006)">Embargoul asupra vinurilor moldovenești și georgiene (2006)</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;">·</span>  <a href="/w/index.php?title=Embargoul_rus_asupra_vinurilor_din_Republica_Moldova_(2010)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Embargoul rus asupra vinurilor din Republica Moldova (2010) — pagină inexistentă">Embargoul asupra vinurilor moldovenești (2010)</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;">·</span>  <a href="/wiki/Embargoul_rus_asupra_vinurilor_din_Republica_Moldova_(2013%E2%80%932015)" title="Embargoul rus asupra vinurilor din Republica Moldova (2013–2015)">Embargoul asupra vinurilor moldovenești (2013–2015)</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;">·</span>  <a href="/wiki/Referendumul_din_G%C4%83g%C4%83uzia,_2014" title="Referendumul din Găgăuzia, 2014">Referendumul din Găgăuzia, 2014</a></div> </td></tr> <tr style="height:2px"> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="navbox-group" style=";padding-left:0em;padding-right:0em;;"><div style="padding:0em 0.75em;"><div style="text-align:center"><a href="/wiki/Caucaz" title="Caucaz">Caucaz</a></div></div> </td> <td style="text-align:left;border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;width:100%;padding:0px;;;" class="navbox-list navbox-odd"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <a href="/wiki/Primul_R%C4%83zboi_Cecen" title="Primul Război Cecen">Primul Război Cecen</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;">·</span>  <a href="/wiki/Al_Doilea_R%C4%83zboi_Cecen" title="Al Doilea Război Cecen">Al Doilea Război Cecen</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;">·</span>  <a href="/wiki/R%C4%83zboiul_Ruso-Georgian" title="Războiul Ruso-Georgian">Războiul Ruso-Georgian</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;">·</span>  <a href="/wiki/Purificarea_etnic%C4%83_a_georgienilor_din_Abhazia" title="Purificarea etnică a georgienilor din Abhazia">Purificarea etnică a georgienilor din Abhazia</a></div> </td></tr> <tr style="height:2px"> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="navbox-group" style=";padding-left:0em;padding-right:0em;;"><div style="padding:0em 0.75em;"><div style="text-align:center"><a href="/wiki/Ucraina" title="Ucraina">Ucraina</a></div></div> </td> <td style="text-align:left;border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;width:100%;padding:0px;;;" class="navbox-list navbox-even"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Despre_unitatea_istoric%C4%83_a_ru%C8%99ilor_%C8%99i_ucrainenilor&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Despre unitatea istorică a rușilor și ucrainenilor — pagină inexistentă">Despre unitatea istorică a rușilor și ucrainenilor</a><sup><small>⁠(<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/On_the_Historical_Unity_of_Russians_and_Ukrainians" class="extiw" title="en:On the Historical Unity of Russians and Ukrainians"><span title="„On the Historical Unity of Russians and Ukrainians” la Wikipedia în engleză">en</span></a>)</small></sup><sup class="plainlinks"><small>[<a class="external text" href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:ContentTranslation?title=Special:ContentTranslation&campaign=contributionsmenu&to=ro&from=en&page=On+the+Historical+Unity+of+Russians+and+Ukrainians&targettitle=Despre+unitatea+istoric%C4%83+a+ru%C8%99ilor+%C8%99i+ucrainenilor">traduceți</a>]</small></sup> <span style="font-weight:bold;">·</span>  <a href="/wiki/R%C4%83zboiul_ruso-ucrainean_(din_2014)" class="mw-redirect" title="Războiul ruso-ucrainean (din 2014)">Războiul ruso-ucrainean (din 2014)</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;">·</span>  <a href="/wiki/Conflictul_armat_din_Donbas" title="Conflictul armat din Donbas">Conflictul armat din Donbas</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;">·</span>  <a href="/wiki/Teritoriile_Ucrainei_ocupate_temporar" title="Teritoriile Ucrainei ocupate temporar">Teritoriile Ucrainei ocupate temporar</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;">·</span>  <a href="/wiki/Republica_Popular%C4%83_Harkov" title="Republica Populară Harkov">Republica Populară Harkov</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;">·</span>  <a href="/wiki/Republica_Popular%C4%83_Done%C8%9Bk" title="Republica Populară Donețk">Republica Populară Donețk</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;">·</span>  <a href="/wiki/Republica_Popular%C4%83_Lugansk" title="Republica Populară Lugansk">Republica Populară Lugansk</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;">·</span>  <a href="/wiki/Novorusia_(stat)" title="Novorusia (stat)">Novorusia (stat)</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;">·</span>  <a href="/wiki/Tulbur%C4%83rile_civile_proruse_din_Ucraina_din_2014" title="Tulburările civile proruse din Ucraina din 2014">Tulburările civile proruse din Ucraina din 2014</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;">·</span>  <a href="/wiki/Criza_din_Crimeea_din_2014" title="Criza din Crimeea din 2014">Criza din Crimeea din 2014</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;">·</span>  <a href="/wiki/Referendumul_din_Crimeea,_2014" title="Referendumul din Crimeea, 2014">Referendumul din Crimeea, 2014</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;">·</span>  <a href="/wiki/Anexarea_Crimeii_de_c%C4%83tre_Federa%C8%9Bia_Rus%C4%83" title="Anexarea Crimeii de către Federația Rusă">Anexarea Crimeii de către Federația Rusă</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;">·</span>  <a href="/wiki/Criza_ruso-ucrainean%C4%83_(2021-2022)" title="Criza ruso-ucraineană (2021-2022)">Criza ruso-ucraineană (2021-2022)</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;">·</span>  <a href="/wiki/Invazia_Rusiei_%C3%AEn_Ucraina_(2022)" class="mw-redirect" title="Invazia Rusiei în Ucraina (2022)">Invazia Rusiei în Ucraina (2022)</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;">·</span>  <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ce_trebuie_s%C4%83_fac%C4%83_Rusia_cu_Ucraina&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ce trebuie să facă Rusia cu Ucraina — pagină inexistentă">Ce trebuie să facă Rusia cu Ucraina</a><sup><small>⁠(<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/What_Russia_should_do_with_Ukraine" class="extiw" title="en:What Russia should do with Ukraine"><span title="„What Russia should do with Ukraine” la Wikipedia în engleză">en</span></a>)</small></sup><sup class="plainlinks"><small>[<a class="external text" href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:ContentTranslation?title=Special:ContentTranslation&campaign=contributionsmenu&to=ro&from=en&page=What+Russia+should+do+with+Ukraine&targettitle=Ce+trebuie+s%C4%83+fac%C4%83+Rusia+cu+Ucraina">traduceți</a>]</small></sup> <span style="font-weight:bold;">·</span>  <a href="/w/index.php?title=Referendumurile_de_anexare_din_Ucraina_din_2022&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Referendumurile de anexare din Ucraina din 2022 — pagină inexistentă">Referendumurile de anexare din Ucraina din 2022</a><sup><small>⁠(<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2022_annexation_referendums_in_Russian-occupied_Ukraine" class="extiw" title="en:2022 annexation referendums in Russian-occupied Ukraine"><span title="„2022 annexation referendums in Russian-occupied Ukraine” la Wikipedia în engleză">en</span></a>)</small></sup><sup class="plainlinks"><small>[<a class="external text" href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:ContentTranslation?title=Special:ContentTranslation&campaign=contributionsmenu&to=ro&from=en&page=2022+annexation+referendums+in+Russian-occupied+Ukraine&targettitle=Referendumurile+de+anexare+din+Ucraina+din+2022">traduceți</a>]</small></sup></div> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r16513826"></div> </td></tr> <tr style="height:2px"> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="navbox-group" style=";;"><div style="text-align:center"><a href="/wiki/Orientul_Mijlociu" title="Orientul Mijlociu">Orientul Mijlociu</a><br />& <a href="/wiki/Africa" title="Africa">Africa</a></div> </td> <td style="text-align:left;border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;width:100%;padding:0px;;;" class="navbox-list navbox-odd"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Interven%C8%9Bia_militar%C4%83_a_Rusiei_%C3%AEn_R%C4%83zboiul_Civil_Sirian&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Intervenția militară a Rusiei în Războiul Civil Sirian — pagină inexistentă">Intervenția militară a Rusiei în Războiul Civil Sirian</a><sup><small>⁠(<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Russian_involvement_in_the_Syrian_civil_war" class="extiw" title="en:Russian involvement in the Syrian civil war"><span title="„Russian involvement in the Syrian civil war” la Wikipedia în engleză">en</span></a>)</small></sup><sup class="plainlinks"><small>[<a class="external text" href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:ContentTranslation?title=Special:ContentTranslation&campaign=contributionsmenu&to=ro&from=en&page=Russian+involvement+in+the+Syrian+civil+war&targettitle=Interven%C8%9Bia+militar%C4%83+a+Rusiei+%C3%AEn+R%C4%83zboiul+Civil+Sirian">traduceți</a>]</small></sup> <span style="font-weight:bold;">·</span>  <a href="/wiki/Grupul_Wagner" title="Grupul Wagner">Grupul Wagner</a></div> </td></tr> <tr style="height:2px"> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="navbox-group" style=";;"><div style="text-align:center">Relații internaționale</div> </td> <td style="text-align:left;border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;width:100%;padding:0px;;;" class="navbox-list navbox-even"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <a href="/wiki/Sanc%C8%9Biuni_interna%C8%9Bionale_%C3%AEn_timpul_R%C4%83zboiului_Ruso-Ucrainean" title="Sancțiuni internaționale în timpul Războiului Ruso-Ucrainean">Sancțiuni internaționale în timpul Războiului Ruso-Ucrainean</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;">·</span>  <a href="/wiki/O_Declara%C8%9Bie_asupra_%C3%AEnv%C4%83%C8%9B%C4%83turii_referitoare_la_%E2%80%9ELumea_rus%C4%83%E2%80%9D_(%E2%80%9ERusskiy_mir%E2%80%9D)" class="mw-redirect" title="O Declarație asupra învățăturii referitoare la „Lumea rusă” („Russkiy mir”)">O Declarație asupra învățăturii referitoare la „Lumea rusă” („Russkiy mir”)</a></div>  </td></tr> <tr 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