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<button class="button is-small is-link">Go</button> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <ol class="breathe-horizontal" start="1"> <li class="arxiv-result"> <div class="is-marginless"> <p class="list-title is-inline-block"><a href="https://arxiv.org/abs/2106.03092">arXiv:2106.03092</a> <span> [<a href="https://arxiv.org/pdf/2106.03092">pdf</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/format/2106.03092">other</a>] </span> </p> <div class="tags is-inline-block"> <span class="tag is-small is-link tooltip is-tooltip-top" data-tooltip="Plasma Physics">physics.plasm-ph</span> <span class="tag is-small is-grey tooltip is-tooltip-top" data-tooltip="Earth and Planetary Astrophysics">astro-ph.EP</span> </div> <div class="is-inline-block" style="margin-left: 0.5rem"> <div class="tags has-addons"> <span class="tag is-dark is-size-7">doi</span> <span class="tag is-light is-size-7"><a class="" href="https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevE.103.063203">10.1103/PhysRevE.103.063203 <i class="fa fa-external-link" aria-hidden="true"></i></a></span> </div> </div> </div> <p class="title is-5 mathjax"> Ionization and transport in partially ionized multicomponent plasmas: Application to atmospheres of hot Jupiters </p> <p class="authors"> <span class="search-hit">Authors:</span> <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Kumar%2C+S">Sandeep Kumar</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Poser%2C+A+J">Anna Julia Poser</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Sch%C3%B6ttler%2C+M">Manuel Sch枚ttler</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Kleinschmidt%2C+U">Uwe Kleinschmidt</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Dietrich%2C+W">Wieland Dietrich</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Wicht%2C+J">Johannes Wicht</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=French%2C+M">Martin French</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Redmer%2C+R">Ronald Redmer</a> </p> <p class="abstract mathjax"> <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Abstract</span>: <span class="abstract-short has-text-grey-dark mathjax" id="2106.03092v1-abstract-short" style="display: inline;"> We study ionization and transport processes in partially ionized multicomponent plasmas. The plasma composition is calculated via a system of coupled mass action laws. The electronic transport properties are determined by the electron-ion and electron-neutral transport cross sections. The influence of electron-electron scattering is considered via a correction factor to the electron-ion contributi… <a class="is-size-7" style="white-space: nowrap;" onclick="document.getElementById('2106.03092v1-abstract-full').style.display = 'inline'; document.getElementById('2106.03092v1-abstract-short').style.display = 'none';">▽ More</a> </span> <span class="abstract-full has-text-grey-dark mathjax" id="2106.03092v1-abstract-full" style="display: none;"> We study ionization and transport processes in partially ionized multicomponent plasmas. The plasma composition is calculated via a system of coupled mass action laws. The electronic transport properties are determined by the electron-ion and electron-neutral transport cross sections. The influence of electron-electron scattering is considered via a correction factor to the electron-ion contribution. Based on this data, the electrical and thermal conductivity as well as the Lorenz number are calculated. For the thermal conductivity, we consider also the contributions of the translational motion of neutral particles and of the dissociation, ionization, and recombination reactions. We apply our approach to a partially ionized plasma composed of hydrogen, helium, and a small fraction of metals (Li, Na, Ca, Fe, K, Rb, Cs) as typical for hot Jupiter atmospheres. We present results for the plasma composition and the transport properties as function of density and temperature and then along typical P-T profiles for the outer part of the hot Jupiter HD 209458b. The electrical conductivity profile allows revising the Ohmic heating power related to the fierce winds in the planet's atmosphere. We show that the higher temperatures suggested by recent interior models could boost the conductivity and thus the Ohmic heating power to values large enough to explain the observed inflation of HD 209458b. <a class="is-size-7" style="white-space: nowrap;" onclick="document.getElementById('2106.03092v1-abstract-full').style.display = 'none'; document.getElementById('2106.03092v1-abstract-short').style.display = 'inline';">△ Less</a> </span> </p> <p class="is-size-7"><span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Submitted</span> 6 June, 2021; <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">originally announced</span> June 2021. </p> </li> <li class="arxiv-result"> <div class="is-marginless"> <p class="list-title is-inline-block"><a href="https://arxiv.org/abs/2101.06692">arXiv:2101.06692</a> <span> [<a href="https://arxiv.org/pdf/2101.06692">pdf</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/format/2101.06692">other</a>] </span> </p> <div class="tags is-inline-block"> <span class="tag is-small is-link tooltip is-tooltip-top" data-tooltip="Earth and Planetary Astrophysics">astro-ph.EP</span> <span class="tag is-small is-grey tooltip is-tooltip-top" data-tooltip="Chemical Physics">physics.chem-ph</span> <span class="tag is-small is-grey tooltip is-tooltip-top" data-tooltip="Plasma Physics">physics.plasm-ph</span> </div> <div class="is-inline-block" style="margin-left: 0.5rem"> <div class="tags has-addons"> <span class="tag is-dark is-size-7">doi</span> <span class="tag is-light is-size-7"><a class="" href="https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.126.025003">10.1103/PhysRevLett.126.025003 <i class="fa fa-external-link" aria-hidden="true"></i></a></span> </div> </div> </div> <p class="title is-5 mathjax"> Metallization of Shock-Compressed Liquid Ammonia </p> <p class="authors"> <span class="search-hit">Authors:</span> <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Ravasio%2C+A">A. Ravasio</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Bethkenhagen%2C+M">M. Bethkenhagen</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Hernandez%2C+J+-">J. -A. Hernandez</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Benuzzi-Mounaix%2C+A">A. Benuzzi-Mounaix</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Datchi%2C+F">F. Datchi</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=French%2C+M">M. French</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Guarguaglini%2C+M">M. Guarguaglini</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Lefevre%2C+F">F. Lefevre</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Ninet%2C+S">S. Ninet</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Redmer%2C+R">R. Redmer</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Vinci%2C+T">T. Vinci</a> </p> <p class="abstract mathjax"> <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Abstract</span>: <span class="abstract-short has-text-grey-dark mathjax" id="2101.06692v1-abstract-short" style="display: inline;"> Ammonia is predicted to be one of the major components in the depths of the ice giant planets Uranus and Neptune. Their dynamics, evolution, and interior structure are insufficiently understood and models rely imperatively on data for equation of state and transport properties. Despite its great significance, the experimentally accessed region of the ammonia phase diagram today is still very limit… <a class="is-size-7" style="white-space: nowrap;" onclick="document.getElementById('2101.06692v1-abstract-full').style.display = 'inline'; document.getElementById('2101.06692v1-abstract-short').style.display = 'none';">▽ More</a> </span> <span class="abstract-full has-text-grey-dark mathjax" id="2101.06692v1-abstract-full" style="display: none;"> Ammonia is predicted to be one of the major components in the depths of the ice giant planets Uranus and Neptune. Their dynamics, evolution, and interior structure are insufficiently understood and models rely imperatively on data for equation of state and transport properties. Despite its great significance, the experimentally accessed region of the ammonia phase diagram today is still very limited in pressure and temperature. Here we push the probed regime to unprecedented conditions, up to $\sim$350 GPa and $\sim$40000 K. Along the Hugoniot, the temperature measured as a function of pressure shows a subtle change in slope at $\sim$7000 K and $\sim$90 GPa, in agreement with ab initio simulations we have performed. This feature coincides with the gradual transition from a molecular liquid to a plasma state. Additionally, we performed reflectivity measurements, providing the first experimental evidence of electronic conduction in high-pressure ammonia. Shock reflectance continuously rises with pressure above 50 GPa and reaches saturation values above 120 GPa. Corresponding electrical conductivity values are up to 1 order of magnitude higher than in water in the 100 GPa regime, with possible significant contributions of the predicted ammonia-rich layers to the generation of magnetic dynamos in ice giant interiors. <a class="is-size-7" style="white-space: nowrap;" onclick="document.getElementById('2101.06692v1-abstract-full').style.display = 'none'; document.getElementById('2101.06692v1-abstract-short').style.display = 'inline';">△ Less</a> </span> </p> <p class="is-size-7"><span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Submitted</span> 17 January, 2021; <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">originally announced</span> January 2021. </p> <p class="comments is-size-7"> <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Comments:</span> <span class="has-text-grey-dark mathjax">Please visit publisher's website for supplementary information</span> </p> <p class="comments is-size-7"> <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Journal ref:</span> Phys. Rev. Lett. 126, 025003 (2021) </p> </li> <li class="arxiv-result"> <div class="is-marginless"> <p class="list-title is-inline-block"><a href="https://arxiv.org/abs/1804.10357">arXiv:1804.10357</a> <span> [<a href="https://arxiv.org/pdf/1804.10357">pdf</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/format/1804.10357">other</a>] </span> </p> <div class="tags is-inline-block"> <span class="tag is-small is-link tooltip is-tooltip-top" data-tooltip="Plasma Physics">physics.plasm-ph</span> </div> <div class="is-inline-block" style="margin-left: 0.5rem"> <div class="tags has-addons"> <span class="tag is-dark is-size-7">doi</span> <span class="tag is-light is-size-7"><a class="" href="https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-6595/aad2cd">10.1088/1361-6595/aad2cd <i class="fa fa-external-link" aria-hidden="true"></i></a></span> </div> </div> </div> <p class="title is-5 mathjax"> Multi frequency matching for voltage waveform tailoring </p> <p class="authors"> <span class="search-hit">Authors:</span> <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Schmidt%2C+F">Frederik Schmidt</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Schulze%2C+J">Julian Schulze</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Johnson%2C+E">Erik Johnson</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Booth%2C+J">Jean-Paul Booth</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Keil%2C+D">Douglas Keil</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=French%2C+D+M">David M. French</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Trieschmann%2C+J">Jan Trieschmann</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Mussenbrock%2C+T">Thomas Mussenbrock</a> </p> <p class="abstract mathjax"> <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Abstract</span>: <span class="abstract-short has-text-grey-dark mathjax" id="1804.10357v1-abstract-short" style="display: inline;"> Customized voltage waveforms composed of a number of frequencies and used as the excitation of radio-frequency plasmas can control various plasma parameters such as energy distribution functions, homogeneity of the ionflux or ionization dynamics. So far this technology, while being extensively studied in academia, has yet to be established in applications. One reason for this is the lack of a suit… <a class="is-size-7" style="white-space: nowrap;" onclick="document.getElementById('1804.10357v1-abstract-full').style.display = 'inline'; document.getElementById('1804.10357v1-abstract-short').style.display = 'none';">▽ More</a> </span> <span class="abstract-full has-text-grey-dark mathjax" id="1804.10357v1-abstract-full" style="display: none;"> Customized voltage waveforms composed of a number of frequencies and used as the excitation of radio-frequency plasmas can control various plasma parameters such as energy distribution functions, homogeneity of the ionflux or ionization dynamics. So far this technology, while being extensively studied in academia, has yet to be established in applications. One reason for this is the lack of a suitable multi-frequency matching network that allows for maximum power absorption for each excitation frequency that is generated and transmitted via a single broadband amplifier. In this work, a method is introduced for designing such a network based on network theory and synthesis. Using this method, a circuit simulation is established that connects an exemplary matching network to an equivalent circuit plasma model of a capacitive radio-frequency discharge. It is found that for a range of gas pressures and number of excitation frequencies the matching conditions can be satisfied, which proves the functionality and feasibility of the proposed concept. Based on the proposed multi-frequency impedance matching, tailored voltage waveforms can be used at an industrial level. <a class="is-size-7" style="white-space: nowrap;" onclick="document.getElementById('1804.10357v1-abstract-full').style.display = 'none'; document.getElementById('1804.10357v1-abstract-short').style.display = 'inline';">△ Less</a> </span> </p> <p class="is-size-7"><span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Submitted</span> 27 April, 2018; <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">originally announced</span> April 2018. </p> <p class="comments is-size-7"> <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Journal ref:</span> Plasma Sources Science and Technolology 27, 095012 (2018) </p> </li> <li class="arxiv-result"> <div class="is-marginless"> <p class="list-title is-inline-block"><a href="https://arxiv.org/abs/1802.05334">arXiv:1802.05334</a> <span> [<a href="https://arxiv.org/pdf/1802.05334">pdf</a>] </span> </p> <div class="tags is-inline-block"> <span class="tag is-small is-link tooltip is-tooltip-top" data-tooltip="Physics Education">physics.ed-ph</span> <span class="tag is-small is-grey tooltip is-tooltip-top" data-tooltip="Popular Physics">physics.pop-ph</span> </div> </div> <p class="title is-5 mathjax"> A Modular Supersonic Ping Pong Gun </p> <p class="authors"> <span class="search-hit">Authors:</span> <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=French%2C+M">Mark French</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Choudhuri%2C+R">Rajarshi Choudhuri</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Stratton%2C+J">Jim Stratton</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Zehrung%2C+C">Craig Zehrung</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Huston%2C+D">Davin Huston</a> </p> <p class="abstract mathjax"> <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Abstract</span>: <span class="abstract-short has-text-grey-dark mathjax" id="1802.05334v1-abstract-short" style="display: inline;"> A vacuum-powered device that shoots ping pong balls at high subsonic speeds has been used for physics demonstrations for more than a decade. It uses physics that are easily understood by students, even though its operation is not immediately intuitive. The addition of a pressure plenum and nozzle results in muzzle velocities exceeding Mach 1.5. Balls are readily fired through ping pong paddles and… <a class="is-size-7" style="white-space: nowrap;" onclick="document.getElementById('1802.05334v1-abstract-full').style.display = 'inline'; document.getElementById('1802.05334v1-abstract-short').style.display = 'none';">▽ More</a> </span> <span class="abstract-full has-text-grey-dark mathjax" id="1802.05334v1-abstract-full" style="display: none;"> A vacuum-powered device that shoots ping pong balls at high subsonic speeds has been used for physics demonstrations for more than a decade. It uses physics that are easily understood by students, even though its operation is not immediately intuitive. The addition of a pressure plenum and nozzle results in muzzle velocities exceeding Mach 1.5. Balls are readily fired through ping pong paddles and sheets of plywood up to 12.7mm (1/2 inch) thick. Popular reaction to the device indicates that it is an effective way to spark interest in physics and engineering. <a class="is-size-7" style="white-space: nowrap;" onclick="document.getElementById('1802.05334v1-abstract-full').style.display = 'none'; document.getElementById('1802.05334v1-abstract-short').style.display = 'inline';">△ Less</a> </span> </p> <p class="is-size-7"><span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Submitted</span> 14 February, 2018; <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">originally announced</span> February 2018. </p> <p class="comments is-size-7"> <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Comments:</span> <span class="has-text-grey-dark mathjax">13 pages, 11 figures</span> </p> </li> <li class="arxiv-result"> <div class="is-marginless"> <p class="list-title is-inline-block"><a href="https://arxiv.org/abs/1802.00439">arXiv:1802.00439</a> <span> [<a href="https://arxiv.org/pdf/1802.00439">pdf</a>] </span> </p> <div class="tags is-inline-block"> <span class="tag is-small is-link tooltip is-tooltip-top" data-tooltip="Classical Physics">physics.class-ph</span> </div> </div> <p class="title is-5 mathjax"> An Improved Body Shape Definition for Acoustic Guitars </p> <p class="authors"> <span class="search-hit">Authors:</span> <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=French%2C+M">Mark French</a> </p> <p class="abstract mathjax"> <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Abstract</span>: <span class="abstract-short has-text-grey-dark mathjax" id="1802.00439v1-abstract-short" style="display: inline;"> Acoustic guitar body shapes usually belong to one of a small number of families of body shapes. However, these shapes are not standardized or even precisely described in the literature on the subject. Rather, they are the result of accumulated tradition and shapes vary so much that many common components must be treated as effectively custom parts. Conventional curve fits are not possible because… <a class="is-size-7" style="white-space: nowrap;" onclick="document.getElementById('1802.00439v1-abstract-full').style.display = 'inline'; document.getElementById('1802.00439v1-abstract-short').style.display = 'none';">▽ More</a> </span> <span class="abstract-full has-text-grey-dark mathjax" id="1802.00439v1-abstract-full" style="display: none;"> Acoustic guitar body shapes usually belong to one of a small number of families of body shapes. However, these shapes are not standardized or even precisely described in the literature on the subject. Rather, they are the result of accumulated tradition and shapes vary so much that many common components must be treated as effectively custom parts. Conventional curve fits are not possible because the shape is not a single valued function. Numerical descriptions such as spline fits will work, but the resulting data is too cumbersome to be easily portable and may be dependent on choice of software. Transforming the problem from rectangular to polar coordinates allows the use of a closed form expression to describe a family of body shapes in a compact and unambiguous way that is easy to implement in widely available software. <a class="is-size-7" style="white-space: nowrap;" onclick="document.getElementById('1802.00439v1-abstract-full').style.display = 'none'; document.getElementById('1802.00439v1-abstract-short').style.display = 'inline';">△ Less</a> </span> </p> <p class="is-size-7"><span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Submitted</span> 1 February, 2018; <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">originally announced</span> February 2018. </p> <p class="comments is-size-7"> <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Comments:</span> <span class="has-text-grey-dark mathjax">14 pages, 10 figures</span> </p> </li> <li class="arxiv-result"> <div class="is-marginless"> <p class="list-title is-inline-block"><a href="https://arxiv.org/abs/1610.01551">arXiv:1610.01551</a> <span> [<a href="https://arxiv.org/pdf/1610.01551">pdf</a>] </span> </p> <div class="tags is-inline-block"> <span class="tag is-small is-link tooltip is-tooltip-top" data-tooltip="Optics">physics.optics</span> <span class="tag is-small is-grey tooltip is-tooltip-top" data-tooltip="Chemical Physics">physics.chem-ph</span> </div> </div> <p class="title is-5 mathjax"> Plasmonic nanoprobes for stimulated emission depletion microscopy </p> <p class="authors"> <span class="search-hit">Authors:</span> <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Cortes%2C+E">Emiliano Cortes</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Huidobro%2C+P+A">Paloma A. Huidobro</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Sinclair%2C+H+G">Hugo G. Sinclair</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Guldbrand%2C+S">Stina Guldbrand</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Peveler%2C+W+J">William J. Peveler</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Davies%2C+T">Timothy Davies</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Parrinello%2C+S">Simona Parrinello</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=G%C3%B6rlitz%2C+F">Frederik G枚rlitz</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Dunsby%2C+C">Chris Dunsby</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Neil%2C+M+A+A">Mark A. A. Neil</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Sivan%2C+Y">Yonatan Sivan</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Parkin%2C+I+P">Ivan P. Parkin</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=French%2C+P+M">Paul M. French</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Maier%2C+S+A">Stefan A. Maier</a> </p> <p class="abstract mathjax"> <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Abstract</span>: <span class="abstract-short has-text-grey-dark mathjax" id="1610.01551v1-abstract-short" style="display: inline;"> Plasmonic nanoparticles influence the absorption and emission processes of nearby emitters due to local enhancements of the illuminating radiation and the photonic density of states. Here, we use the plasmon resonance of metal nanoparticles in order to enhance the stimulated depletion of excited molecules for super-resolved microscopy. We demonstrate stimulated emission depletion (STED) microscopy… <a class="is-size-7" style="white-space: nowrap;" onclick="document.getElementById('1610.01551v1-abstract-full').style.display = 'inline'; document.getElementById('1610.01551v1-abstract-short').style.display = 'none';">▽ More</a> </span> <span class="abstract-full has-text-grey-dark mathjax" id="1610.01551v1-abstract-full" style="display: none;"> Plasmonic nanoparticles influence the absorption and emission processes of nearby emitters due to local enhancements of the illuminating radiation and the photonic density of states. Here, we use the plasmon resonance of metal nanoparticles in order to enhance the stimulated depletion of excited molecules for super-resolved microscopy. We demonstrate stimulated emission depletion (STED) microscopy with gold nanorods with a long axis of only 26 nm and a width of 8 nm that provide an enhancement of the resolution compared to fluorescent-only probes without plasmonic components irradiated with the same depletion power. These novel nanoparticle-assisted STED probes represent a ~2x10^3 reduction in probe volume compared to previously used nanoparticles and we demonstrate their application to the first plasmon-assisted STED cellular imaging. We also discuss their current limitations. <a class="is-size-7" style="white-space: nowrap;" onclick="document.getElementById('1610.01551v1-abstract-full').style.display = 'none'; document.getElementById('1610.01551v1-abstract-short').style.display = 'inline';">△ Less</a> </span> </p> <p class="is-size-7"><span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Submitted</span> 5 October, 2016; <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">originally announced</span> October 2016. </p> <p class="comments is-size-7"> <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Comments:</span> <span class="has-text-grey-dark mathjax">30 pages, 15 figures, main text and supplementary information</span> </p> </li> <li class="arxiv-result"> <div class="is-marginless"> <p class="list-title is-inline-block"><a href="https://arxiv.org/abs/1311.1688">arXiv:1311.1688</a> <span> [<a href="https://arxiv.org/pdf/1311.1688">pdf</a>] </span> </p> <div class="tags is-inline-block"> <span class="tag is-small is-link tooltip is-tooltip-top" data-tooltip="Instrumentation and Detectors">physics.ins-det</span> </div> <div class="is-inline-block" style="margin-left: 0.5rem"> <div class="tags has-addons"> <span class="tag is-dark is-size-7">doi</span> <span class="tag is-light is-size-7"><a class="" href="https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-0221/8/11/C11001">10.1088/1748-0221/8/11/C11001 <i class="fa fa-external-link" aria-hidden="true"></i></a></span> </div> </div> </div> <p class="title is-5 mathjax"> Performance of an LPD prototype detector at MHz frame rates under Synchrotron and FEL radiation </p> <p class="authors"> <span class="search-hit">Authors:</span> <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Koch%2C+A">Andreas Koch</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Hart%2C+M">Matthew Hart</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Nicholls%2C+T">Tim Nicholls</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Angelsen%2C+C">Christian Angelsen</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Coughlan%2C+J">John Coughlan</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=French%2C+M">Marcus French</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Hauf%2C+S">Steffen Hauf</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Kuster%2C+M">Markus Kuster</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Sztuk-Dambietz%2C+J">Jolanta Sztuk-Dambietz</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Turcato%2C+M">Monica Turcato</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Carini%2C+G+A">Gabriella A. Carini</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Chollet%2C+M">Matthieu Chollet</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Herrmann%2C+S+C">Sven C. Herrmann</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Lemke%2C+H+T">Henrik T. Lemke</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Nelson%2C+S">Silke Nelson</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Song%2C+S">Sanghoon Song</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Weaver%2C+M">Matt Weaver</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Zhu%2C+D">Diling Zhu</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Meents%2C+A">Alke Meents</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Fischer%2C+P">Pontus Fischer</a> </p> <p class="abstract mathjax"> <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Abstract</span>: <span class="abstract-short has-text-grey-dark mathjax" id="1311.1688v1-abstract-short" style="display: inline;"> A MHz frame rate X-ray area detector (LPD - Large Pixel Detector) is under development by the Rutherford Appleton Laboratory for the European XFEL. The detector will have 1 million pixels and allows analogue storage of 512 images taken at 4.5 MHz in the detector front end. The LPD detector has 500 mm thick silicon sensor tiles that are bump bonded to a readout ASIC. The ASICs preamplifier provides… <a class="is-size-7" style="white-space: nowrap;" onclick="document.getElementById('1311.1688v1-abstract-full').style.display = 'inline'; document.getElementById('1311.1688v1-abstract-short').style.display = 'none';">▽ More</a> </span> <span class="abstract-full has-text-grey-dark mathjax" id="1311.1688v1-abstract-full" style="display: none;"> A MHz frame rate X-ray area detector (LPD - Large Pixel Detector) is under development by the Rutherford Appleton Laboratory for the European XFEL. The detector will have 1 million pixels and allows analogue storage of 512 images taken at 4.5 MHz in the detector front end. The LPD detector has 500 mm thick silicon sensor tiles that are bump bonded to a readout ASIC. The ASICs preamplifier provides relatively low noise at high speed which results in a high dynamic range of 10^5 photons over an energy range of 5-20 keV. Small scale prototypes of 32x256 pixels (LPD 2-Tile detector) and 256x256 pixels (LPD supermodule detector) are now available for X-ray tests. The performance of prototypes of the detector is reported for first tests under synchrotron radiation (PETRA III at DESY) and Free-Electron-Laser radiation (LCLS at SLAC). The initial performance of the detector in terms of signal range and noise, radiation hardness and spatial and temporal response are reported. The main result is that the 4.5 MHz sampling detection chain is reliably working, including the analogue on-chip memory concept. The detector is at least radiation hard up to 5 MGy at 12 keV. In addition the multiple gain concept has been demonstrated over a dynamic range to 10^4 at 12 keV with a readout noise equivalent to <1 photon rms in its most sensitive mode. <a class="is-size-7" style="white-space: nowrap;" onclick="document.getElementById('1311.1688v1-abstract-full').style.display = 'none'; document.getElementById('1311.1688v1-abstract-short').style.display = 'inline';">△ Less</a> </span> </p> <p class="is-size-7"><span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Submitted</span> 7 November, 2013; <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">originally announced</span> November 2013. </p> <p class="comments is-size-7"> <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Journal ref:</span> 2013_JINST_8_C11001 </p> </li> <li class="arxiv-result"> <div class="is-marginless"> <p class="list-title is-inline-block"><a href="https://arxiv.org/abs/1301.5188">arXiv:1301.5188</a> <span> [<a href="https://arxiv.org/pdf/1301.5188">pdf</a>] </span> </p> <div class="tags is-inline-block"> <span class="tag is-small is-link tooltip is-tooltip-top" data-tooltip="Popular Physics">physics.pop-ph</span> <span class="tag is-small is-grey tooltip is-tooltip-top" data-tooltip="Fluid Dynamics">physics.flu-dyn</span> </div> </div> <p class="title is-5 mathjax"> A Supersonic Ping Pong Gun </p> <p class="authors"> <span class="search-hit">Authors:</span> <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=French%2C+M">Mark French</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Zehrung%2C+C">Craig Zehrung</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Stratton%2C+J">Jim Stratton</a> </p> <p class="abstract mathjax"> <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Abstract</span>: <span class="abstract-short has-text-grey-dark mathjax" id="1301.5188v1-abstract-short" style="display: inline;"> The Ping Pong gun or Ping Pong bazooka has been a popular and compelling tool for physics education. However, the design necessarily means the ball emerges at subsonic speed. The design has been modified to include a pressure chamber and a convergent-divergent nozzle, similar to the design of some supersonic wind tunnels. This modification results in supersonic speeds. The current design has achie… <a class="is-size-7" style="white-space: nowrap;" onclick="document.getElementById('1301.5188v1-abstract-full').style.display = 'inline'; document.getElementById('1301.5188v1-abstract-short').style.display = 'none';">▽ More</a> </span> <span class="abstract-full has-text-grey-dark mathjax" id="1301.5188v1-abstract-full" style="display: none;"> The Ping Pong gun or Ping Pong bazooka has been a popular and compelling tool for physics education. However, the design necessarily means the ball emerges at subsonic speed. The design has been modified to include a pressure chamber and a convergent-divergent nozzle, similar to the design of some supersonic wind tunnels. This modification results in supersonic speeds. The current design has achieved a launch speed of 406 m/sec, about Mach 1.23. <a class="is-size-7" style="white-space: nowrap;" onclick="document.getElementById('1301.5188v1-abstract-full').style.display = 'none'; document.getElementById('1301.5188v1-abstract-short').style.display = 'inline';">△ Less</a> </span> </p> <p class="is-size-7"><span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Submitted</span> 22 January, 2013; <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">originally announced</span> January 2013. </p> </li> <li class="arxiv-result"> <div class="is-marginless"> <p class="list-title is-inline-block"><a href="https://arxiv.org/abs/1205.0429">arXiv:1205.0429</a> <span> [<a href="https://arxiv.org/pdf/1205.0429">pdf</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/format/1205.0429">other</a>] </span> </p> <div class="tags is-inline-block"> <span class="tag is-small is-link tooltip is-tooltip-top" data-tooltip="Plasma Physics">physics.plasm-ph</span> </div> <div class="is-inline-block" style="margin-left: 0.5rem"> <div class="tags has-addons"> <span class="tag is-dark is-size-7">doi</span> <span class="tag is-light is-size-7"><a class="" href="https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.83.235120">10.1103/PhysRevB.83.235120 <i class="fa fa-external-link" aria-hidden="true"></i></a></span> </div> </div> </div> <p class="title is-5 mathjax"> Electronic transport coefficients from ab initio simulations and application to dense liquid hydrogen </p> <p class="authors"> <span class="search-hit">Authors:</span> <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Holst%2C+B">Bastian Holst</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=French%2C+M">Martin French</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Redmer%2C+R">Ronald Redmer</a> </p> <p class="abstract mathjax"> <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Abstract</span>: <span class="abstract-short has-text-grey-dark mathjax" id="1205.0429v2-abstract-short" style="display: inline;"> Using Kubo's linear response theory, we derive expressions for the frequency-dependent electrical conductivity (Kubo-Greenwood formula), thermopower, and thermal conductivity in a strongly correlated electron system. These are evaluated within ab initio molecular dynamics simulations in order to study the thermoelectric transport coefficients in dense liquid hydrogen, especially near the nonmetal-… <a class="is-size-7" style="white-space: nowrap;" onclick="document.getElementById('1205.0429v2-abstract-full').style.display = 'inline'; document.getElementById('1205.0429v2-abstract-short').style.display = 'none';">▽ More</a> </span> <span class="abstract-full has-text-grey-dark mathjax" id="1205.0429v2-abstract-full" style="display: none;"> Using Kubo's linear response theory, we derive expressions for the frequency-dependent electrical conductivity (Kubo-Greenwood formula), thermopower, and thermal conductivity in a strongly correlated electron system. These are evaluated within ab initio molecular dynamics simulations in order to study the thermoelectric transport coefficients in dense liquid hydrogen, especially near the nonmetal-to-metal transition region. We also observe significant deviations from the widely used Wiedemann-Franz law which is strictly valid only for degenerate systems and give an estimate for its valid scope of application towards lower densities. <a class="is-size-7" style="white-space: nowrap;" onclick="document.getElementById('1205.0429v2-abstract-full').style.display = 'none'; document.getElementById('1205.0429v2-abstract-short').style.display = 'inline';">△ Less</a> </span> </p> <p class="is-size-7"><span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Submitted</span> 3 May, 2012; <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">v1</span> submitted 2 May, 2012; <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">originally announced</span> May 2012. </p> <p class="comments is-size-7"> <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Journal ref:</span> Phys. Rev. B 83, 235120 (2011) </p> </li> <li class="arxiv-result"> <div class="is-marginless"> <p class="list-title is-inline-block"><a href="https://arxiv.org/abs/1204.6241">arXiv:1204.6241</a> <span> [<a href="https://arxiv.org/pdf/1204.6241">pdf</a>] </span> </p> <div class="tags is-inline-block"> <span class="tag is-small is-link tooltip is-tooltip-top" data-tooltip="History and Philosophy of Physics">physics.hist-ph</span> <span class="tag is-small is-grey tooltip is-tooltip-top" data-tooltip="Earth and Planetary Astrophysics">astro-ph.EP</span> <span class="tag is-small is-grey tooltip is-tooltip-top" data-tooltip="Solar and Stellar Astrophysics">astro-ph.SR</span> </div> </div> <p class="title is-5 mathjax"> John Goodricke, Edward Pigott, and Their Study of Variable Stars </p> <p class="authors"> <span class="search-hit">Authors:</span> <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=French%2C+L+M">L. M. French</a> </p> <p class="abstract mathjax"> <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Abstract</span>: <span class="abstract-short has-text-grey-dark mathjax" id="1204.6241v1-abstract-short" style="display: inline;"> John Goodricke and Edward Pigott, working in York, England, between 1781 and 1786, determined the periods of variation of eclipsing binaries such as Algol and Beta Lyrae and speculated that the eclipses of Algol might be caused by a "dark body," perhaps even a planet. They also determined the periods of variation of the first two known Cepheid variables, the stars whose period-luminosity relation… <a class="is-size-7" style="white-space: nowrap;" onclick="document.getElementById('1204.6241v1-abstract-full').style.display = 'inline'; document.getElementById('1204.6241v1-abstract-short').style.display = 'none';">▽ More</a> </span> <span class="abstract-full has-text-grey-dark mathjax" id="1204.6241v1-abstract-full" style="display: none;"> John Goodricke and Edward Pigott, working in York, England, between 1781 and 1786, determined the periods of variation of eclipsing binaries such as Algol and Beta Lyrae and speculated that the eclipses of Algol might be caused by a "dark body," perhaps even a planet. They also determined the periods of variation of the first two known Cepheid variables, the stars whose period-luminosity relation today enables astronomers to determine distances to distant galaxies. Goodricke holds special interest because he was completely deaf and because he died at the age of 21. The lives and work of these two astronomers are described. <a class="is-size-7" style="white-space: nowrap;" onclick="document.getElementById('1204.6241v1-abstract-full').style.display = 'none'; document.getElementById('1204.6241v1-abstract-short').style.display = 'inline';">△ Less</a> </span> </p> <p class="is-size-7"><span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Submitted</span> 27 April, 2012; <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">originally announced</span> April 2012. </p> <p class="comments is-size-7"> <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Comments:</span> <span class="has-text-grey-dark mathjax">13 pages, 6 figures, in press, presented at the 100th Spring Meeting of the AAVSO, May 22, 2011</span> </p> <p class="comments is-size-7"> <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Journal ref:</span> J. Amer. Assoc. Var. Star Obs., 40, 2012 </p> </li> <li class="arxiv-result"> <div class="is-marginless"> <p class="list-title is-inline-block"><a href="https://arxiv.org/abs/1201.2622">arXiv:1201.2622</a> <span> [<a href="https://arxiv.org/pdf/1201.2622">pdf</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/ps/1201.2622">ps</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/format/1201.2622">other</a>] </span> </p> <div class="tags is-inline-block"> <span class="tag is-small is-link tooltip is-tooltip-top" data-tooltip="Earth and Planetary Astrophysics">astro-ph.EP</span> <span class="tag is-small is-grey tooltip is-tooltip-top" data-tooltip="Plasma Physics">physics.plasm-ph</span> </div> <div class="is-inline-block" style="margin-left: 0.5rem"> <div class="tags has-addons"> <span class="tag is-dark is-size-7">doi</span> <span class="tag is-light is-size-7"><a class="" href="https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.108.091102">10.1103/PhysRevLett.108.091102 <i class="fa fa-external-link" aria-hidden="true"></i></a></span> </div> </div> </div> <p class="title is-5 mathjax"> Probing the interiors of the ice giants: Shock compression of water to 700 GPa and 3.8 g/ccm </p> <p class="authors"> <span class="search-hit">Authors:</span> <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Knudson%2C+M+D">M. D. Knudson</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Desjarlais%2C+M+P">M. P. Desjarlais</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Lemke%2C+R+W">R. W. Lemke</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Mattsson%2C+T+R">T. R. Mattsson</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=French%2C+M">M. French</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Nettelmann%2C+N">N. Nettelmann</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Redmer%2C+R">R. Redmer</a> </p> <p class="abstract mathjax"> <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Abstract</span>: <span class="abstract-short has-text-grey-dark mathjax" id="1201.2622v1-abstract-short" style="display: inline;"> Recently there has been tremendous increase in the number of identified extra-solar planetary systems. Our understanding of their formation is tied to exoplanet internal structure models, which rely upon equations of state of light elements and compounds like water. Here we present shock compression data for water with unprecedented accuracy that shows water equations of state commonly used in pla… <a class="is-size-7" style="white-space: nowrap;" onclick="document.getElementById('1201.2622v1-abstract-full').style.display = 'inline'; document.getElementById('1201.2622v1-abstract-short').style.display = 'none';">▽ More</a> </span> <span class="abstract-full has-text-grey-dark mathjax" id="1201.2622v1-abstract-full" style="display: none;"> Recently there has been tremendous increase in the number of identified extra-solar planetary systems. Our understanding of their formation is tied to exoplanet internal structure models, which rely upon equations of state of light elements and compounds like water. Here we present shock compression data for water with unprecedented accuracy that shows water equations of state commonly used in planetary modeling significantly overestimate the compressibility at conditions relevant to planetary interiors. Furthermore, we show its behavior at these conditions, including reflectivity and isentropic response, is well described by a recent first-principles based equation of state. These findings advocate this water model be used as the standard for modeling Neptune, Uranus, and "hot Neptune" exoplanets, and should improve our understanding of these types of planets. <a class="is-size-7" style="white-space: nowrap;" onclick="document.getElementById('1201.2622v1-abstract-full').style.display = 'none'; document.getElementById('1201.2622v1-abstract-short').style.display = 'inline';">△ Less</a> </span> </p> <p class="is-size-7"><span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Submitted</span> 12 January, 2012; <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">originally announced</span> January 2012. </p> <p class="comments is-size-7"> <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Comments:</span> <span class="has-text-grey-dark mathjax">Accepted to Phys. Rev. Lett.; supplementary material attached including 2 figures and 2 tables; to view attachments, please download and extract the gzipped tar source file listed under "Other formats"</span> </p> </li> <li class="arxiv-result"> <div class="is-marginless"> <p class="list-title is-inline-block"><a href="https://arxiv.org/abs/1112.5495">arXiv:1112.5495</a> <span> [<a href="https://arxiv.org/pdf/1112.5495">pdf</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/format/1112.5495">other</a>] </span> </p> <div class="tags is-inline-block"> <span class="tag is-small is-link tooltip is-tooltip-top" data-tooltip="Popular Physics">physics.pop-ph</span> <span class="tag is-small is-grey tooltip is-tooltip-top" data-tooltip="Physics Education">physics.ed-ph</span> </div> <div class="is-inline-block" style="margin-left: 0.5rem"> <div class="tags has-addons"> <span class="tag is-dark is-size-7">doi</span> <span class="tag is-light is-size-7"><a class="" href="https://doi.org/10.1088/0031-9120/46/3/005">10.1088/0031-9120/46/3/005 <i class="fa fa-external-link" aria-hidden="true"></i></a></span> </div> </div> </div> <p class="title is-5 mathjax"> Mobile Phone Faraday Cage </p> <p class="authors"> <span class="search-hit">Authors:</span> <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=French%2C+M+M+J">M M J French</a> </p> <p class="abstract mathjax"> <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Abstract</span>: <span class="abstract-short has-text-grey-dark mathjax" id="1112.5495v1-abstract-short" style="display: inline;"> A Faraday cage is an interesting physics phenomena where an electromagnetic wave can be excluded from a volume of space by enclosure with an electrically conducting material. The practical application of this in the classroom is to block the signal to a mobile phone by enclosing it in a metal can! The background of the physics behind this is described in some detail followed by a explanation of so… <a class="is-size-7" style="white-space: nowrap;" onclick="document.getElementById('1112.5495v1-abstract-full').style.display = 'inline'; document.getElementById('1112.5495v1-abstract-short').style.display = 'none';">▽ More</a> </span> <span class="abstract-full has-text-grey-dark mathjax" id="1112.5495v1-abstract-full" style="display: none;"> A Faraday cage is an interesting physics phenomena where an electromagnetic wave can be excluded from a volume of space by enclosure with an electrically conducting material. The practical application of this in the classroom is to block the signal to a mobile phone by enclosing it in a metal can! The background of the physics behind this is described in some detail followed by a explanation of some demonstrations and experiments which I have used. <a class="is-size-7" style="white-space: nowrap;" onclick="document.getElementById('1112.5495v1-abstract-full').style.display = 'none'; document.getElementById('1112.5495v1-abstract-short').style.display = 'inline';">△ Less</a> </span> </p> <p class="is-size-7"><span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Submitted</span> 22 December, 2011; <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">originally announced</span> December 2011. </p> <p class="comments is-size-7"> <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Journal ref:</span> Published in Physics Education 46 290 (2011) </p> </li> <li class="arxiv-result"> <div class="is-marginless"> <p class="list-title is-inline-block"><a href="https://arxiv.org/abs/1010.5776">arXiv:1010.5776</a> <span> [<a href="https://arxiv.org/pdf/1010.5776">pdf</a>] </span> </p> <div class="tags is-inline-block"> <span class="tag is-small is-link tooltip is-tooltip-top" data-tooltip="Popular Physics">physics.pop-ph</span> <span class="tag is-small is-grey tooltip is-tooltip-top" data-tooltip="Physics Education">physics.ed-ph</span> </div> </div> <p class="title is-5 mathjax"> Visualising a Fuse </p> <p class="authors"> <span class="search-hit">Authors:</span> <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=French%2C+M+M+J">M M J French</a> </p> <p class="abstract mathjax"> <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Abstract</span>: <span class="abstract-short has-text-grey-dark mathjax" id="1010.5776v2-abstract-short" style="display: inline;"> In this brief article I describe an experiment to illustrate how a fuse works. I have used this as part of lessons for my year 11 classes to demonstrate how an electrical fuse 'blows' when too high a current passes through it. </span> <span class="abstract-full has-text-grey-dark mathjax" id="1010.5776v2-abstract-full" style="display: none;"> In this brief article I describe an experiment to illustrate how a fuse works. I have used this as part of lessons for my year 11 classes to demonstrate how an electrical fuse 'blows' when too high a current passes through it. <a class="is-size-7" style="white-space: nowrap;" onclick="document.getElementById('1010.5776v2-abstract-full').style.display = 'none'; document.getElementById('1010.5776v2-abstract-short').style.display = 'inline';">△ Less</a> </span> </p> <p class="is-size-7"><span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Submitted</span> 9 November, 2010; <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">v1</span> submitted 27 October, 2010; <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">originally announced</span> October 2010. </p> <p class="comments is-size-7"> <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Comments:</span> <span class="has-text-grey-dark mathjax">2 pages, 2 figures, accepted for publication in Phys. Ed</span> </p> </li> <li class="arxiv-result"> <div class="is-marginless"> <p class="list-title is-inline-block"><a href="https://arxiv.org/abs/1010.5774">arXiv:1010.5774</a> <span> [<a href="https://arxiv.org/pdf/1010.5774">pdf</a>] </span> </p> <div class="tags is-inline-block"> <span class="tag is-small is-link tooltip is-tooltip-top" data-tooltip="Popular Physics">physics.pop-ph</span> <span class="tag is-small is-grey tooltip is-tooltip-top" data-tooltip="Physics Education">physics.ed-ph</span> </div> </div> <p class="title is-5 mathjax"> Making Liquid Oxygen </p> <p class="authors"> <span class="search-hit">Authors:</span> <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=French%2C+M+M+J">M M J French</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Hibbert%2C+M">Michael Hibbert</a> </p> <p class="abstract mathjax"> <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Abstract</span>: <span class="abstract-short has-text-grey-dark mathjax" id="1010.5774v1-abstract-short" style="display: inline;"> In this article I explain in detail a method for making small amounts of liquid oxygen in the classroom if there is no access to a cylinder of compressed oxygen gas. I also discuss two methods for identifying the fact that it is liquid oxygen as opposed to liquid nitrogen. </span> <span class="abstract-full has-text-grey-dark mathjax" id="1010.5774v1-abstract-full" style="display: none;"> In this article I explain in detail a method for making small amounts of liquid oxygen in the classroom if there is no access to a cylinder of compressed oxygen gas. I also discuss two methods for identifying the fact that it is liquid oxygen as opposed to liquid nitrogen. <a class="is-size-7" style="white-space: nowrap;" onclick="document.getElementById('1010.5774v1-abstract-full').style.display = 'none'; document.getElementById('1010.5774v1-abstract-short').style.display = 'inline';">△ Less</a> </span> </p> <p class="is-size-7"><span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Submitted</span> 27 October, 2010; <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">originally announced</span> October 2010. </p> <p class="comments is-size-7"> <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Comments:</span> <span class="has-text-grey-dark mathjax">3 pages, 3 figures</span> </p> <p class="comments is-size-7"> <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Journal ref:</span> Phys. Ed. 45 221 (2010) </p> </li> <li class="arxiv-result"> <div class="is-marginless"> <p class="list-title is-inline-block"><a href="https://arxiv.org/abs/1010.5761">arXiv:1010.5761</a> <span> [<a href="https://arxiv.org/pdf/1010.5761">pdf</a>] </span> </p> <div class="tags is-inline-block"> <span class="tag is-small is-link tooltip is-tooltip-top" data-tooltip="Popular Physics">physics.pop-ph</span> <span class="tag is-small is-grey tooltip is-tooltip-top" data-tooltip="Physics Education">physics.ed-ph</span> </div> <div class="is-inline-block" style="margin-left: 0.5rem"> <div class="tags has-addons"> <span class="tag is-dark is-size-7">doi</span> <span class="tag is-light is-size-7"><a class="" href="https://doi.org/10.1088/0031-9120/45/1/003">10.1088/0031-9120/45/1/003 <i class="fa fa-external-link" aria-hidden="true"></i></a></span> </div> </div> </div> <p class="title is-5 mathjax"> The Wonders of Levitation </p> <p class="authors"> <span class="search-hit">Authors:</span> <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=French%2C+M+M+J">M M J French</a> </p> <p class="abstract mathjax"> <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Abstract</span>: <span class="abstract-short has-text-grey-dark mathjax" id="1010.5761v1-abstract-short" style="display: inline;"> I discuss some interesting classroom demonstrations of diamagnetism and how this effect can produce levitation. The possibilities for hands-on demonstrations of diamagnetic and superconducting levitation are discussed. To conclude I discuss some practical uses for levitation in daily life. </span> <span class="abstract-full has-text-grey-dark mathjax" id="1010.5761v1-abstract-full" style="display: none;"> I discuss some interesting classroom demonstrations of diamagnetism and how this effect can produce levitation. The possibilities for hands-on demonstrations of diamagnetic and superconducting levitation are discussed. To conclude I discuss some practical uses for levitation in daily life. <a class="is-size-7" style="white-space: nowrap;" onclick="document.getElementById('1010.5761v1-abstract-full').style.display = 'none'; document.getElementById('1010.5761v1-abstract-short').style.display = 'inline';">△ Less</a> </span> </p> <p class="is-size-7"><span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Submitted</span> 27 October, 2010; <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">originally announced</span> October 2010. </p> <p class="comments is-size-7"> <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Comments:</span> <span class="has-text-grey-dark mathjax">6 pages, 7 figures</span> </p> <p class="comments is-size-7"> <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Journal ref:</span> Phys. Ed. 45 37 (2010) </p> </li> <li class="arxiv-result"> <div class="is-marginless"> <p class="list-title is-inline-block"><a href="https://arxiv.org/abs/physics/0607215">arXiv:physics/0607215</a> <span> [<a href="https://arxiv.org/pdf/physics/0607215">pdf</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/ps/physics/0607215">ps</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/format/physics/0607215">other</a>] </span> </p> <div class="tags is-inline-block"> <span class="tag is-small is-link tooltip is-tooltip-top" data-tooltip="Atomic Physics">physics.atom-ph</span> </div> <div class="is-inline-block" style="margin-left: 0.5rem"> <div class="tags has-addons"> <span class="tag is-dark is-size-7">doi</span> <span class="tag is-light is-size-7"><a class="" href="https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevA.75.053403">10.1103/PhysRevA.75.053403 <i class="fa fa-external-link" aria-hidden="true"></i></a></span> </div> </div> </div> <p class="title is-5 mathjax"> Suppression of Reabsorption via Modulation of Light </p> <p class="authors"> <span class="search-hit">Authors:</span> <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Gorges%2C+A+R">Anthony R. Gorges</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Foxley%2C+A+J">Ansel J. Foxley</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=French%2C+D+M">David M. French</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Ryan%2C+C+M">Christopher M. Ryan</a>, <a href="/search/physics?searchtype=author&query=Roberts%2C+J+L">Jacob L. Roberts</a> </p> <p class="abstract mathjax"> <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Abstract</span>: <span class="abstract-short has-text-grey-dark mathjax" id="physics/0607215v2-abstract-short" style="display: inline;"> Reabsorption, the multiple scattering of spontaneously emitted photons in optically thick gases, is a major limitation to efficient optical pumping and laser cooling in ultracold gases. We report mitigation of reabsorption using spatial and frequency modulation of laser light illuminating such gases. We developed a semi-classical model that successfully describes the reabsorption process when fr… <a class="is-size-7" style="white-space: nowrap;" onclick="document.getElementById('physics/0607215v2-abstract-full').style.display = 'inline'; document.getElementById('physics/0607215v2-abstract-short').style.display = 'none';">▽ More</a> </span> <span class="abstract-full has-text-grey-dark mathjax" id="physics/0607215v2-abstract-full" style="display: none;"> Reabsorption, the multiple scattering of spontaneously emitted photons in optically thick gases, is a major limitation to efficient optical pumping and laser cooling in ultracold gases. We report mitigation of reabsorption using spatial and frequency modulation of laser light illuminating such gases. We developed a semi-classical model that successfully describes the reabsorption process when frequency-modulated light is present. It was necessary to extend the treatment in the model beyond a simple two-atom picture in order to reproduce our experimental results. <a class="is-size-7" style="white-space: nowrap;" onclick="document.getElementById('physics/0607215v2-abstract-full').style.display = 'none'; document.getElementById('physics/0607215v2-abstract-short').style.display = 'inline';">△ Less</a> </span> </p> <p class="is-size-7"><span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Submitted</span> 24 July, 2006; <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">v1</span> submitted 24 July, 2006; <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">originally announced</span> July 2006. </p> <p class="comments is-size-7"> <span class="has-text-black-bis has-text-weight-semibold">Comments:</span> <span class="has-text-grey-dark mathjax">5 pages, 4 figures</span> </p> </li> </ol> <div class="is-hidden-tablet">  <span class="help" style="display: inline-block;"><a href="https://github.com/arXiv/arxiv-search/releases">Search v0.5.6 released 2020-02-24</a>  </span> </div> </div> </main> <footer> <div class="columns is-desktop" role="navigation" aria-label="Secondary">  <div class="column"> <div class="columns"> <div class="column"> <ul class="nav-spaced"> <li><a href="https://info.arxiv.org/about">About</a></li> <li><a href="https://info.arxiv.org/help">Help</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="column"> <ul class="nav-spaced"> <li> <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 512 512" class="icon filter-black" role="presentation"><title>contact arXiv</title><desc>Click here to contact arXiv</desc><path d="M502.3 190.8c3.9-3.1 9.7-.2 9.7 4.7V400c0 26.5-21.5 48-48 48H48c-26.5 0-48-21.5-48-48V195.6c0-5 5.7-7.8 9.7-4.7 22.4 17.4 52.1 39.5 154.1 113.6 21.1 15.4 56.7 47.8 92.2 47.6 35.7.3 72-32.8 92.3-47.6 102-74.1 131.6-96.3 154-113.7zM256 320c23.2.4 56.6-29.2 73.4-41.4 132.7-96.3 142.8-104.7 173.4-128.7 5.8-4.5 9.2-11.5 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