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class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Contents" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Contents</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">hide</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">(Top)</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-History" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#History"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>History</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-History-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Esso_refinery" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Esso_refinery"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Esso refinery</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Esso_refinery-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Chemical_plant" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Chemical_plant"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Chemical plant</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Chemical_plant-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Oil_terminal" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Oil_terminal"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Oil terminal</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Oil_terminal-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Other_facilities" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Other_facilities"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Other facilities</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Other_facilities-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Safety_record" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Safety_record"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Safety record</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Safety_record-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " 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title="Geographic coordinate system">Coordinates</a>: <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Fawley_Refinery&params=50.833_N_1.365_W_type:landmark"><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">50°49′59″N</span> <span class="longitude">1°21′54″W</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">50.833°N 1.365°W</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">50.833; -1.365</span></span></span></a></span></span></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Oil refinery in Hampshire, England</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard"><caption class="infobox-title fn org">Fawley Refinery</caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Fawley_Oil_Refinery.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/Fawley_Oil_Refinery.jpg/235px-Fawley_Oil_Refinery.jpg" decoding="async" width="235" height="130" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/Fawley_Oil_Refinery.jpg/353px-Fawley_Oil_Refinery.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/Fawley_Oil_Refinery.jpg/470px-Fawley_Oil_Refinery.jpg 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="355" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238443738">.mw-parser-output .locmap .od{position:absolute}.mw-parser-output .locmap .id{position:absolute;line-height:0}.mw-parser-output .locmap .l0{font-size:0;position:absolute}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pv{line-height:110%;position:absolute;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pl{line-height:110%;position:absolute;top:-0.75em;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pr{line-height:110%;position:absolute;top:-0.75em;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pv>div{display:inline;padding:1px}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pl>div{display:inline;padding:1px;float:right}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pr>div{display:inline;padding:1px;float:left}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pv>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pl>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pr>div{background:#fff!important;color:#000!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .locmap{filter:grayscale(0.6)}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data .locmap div{background:transparent!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .locmap{filter:grayscale(0.6)}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pv>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pl>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pr>div{background:white!important;color:#000!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data .locmap div{background:transparent!important}}</style><div class="center"><div class="locmap" style="width:235px;float:none;clear:both;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto"><div style="width:235px;padding:0"><div style="position:relative;width:235px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Hampshire_UK_location_map.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Fawley Refinery is located in Hampshire"><img alt="Fawley Refinery is located in Hampshire" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/Hampshire_UK_location_map.svg/235px-Hampshire_UK_location_map.svg.png" decoding="async" width="235" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/Hampshire_UK_location_map.svg/353px-Hampshire_UK_location_map.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/Hampshire_UK_location_map.svg/470px-Hampshire_UK_location_map.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1425" data-file-height="1213" /></a></span><div class="od notheme" style="top:79.041%;left:48.496%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-4px;top:-4px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Fawley Refinery"><img alt="Fawley Refinery" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/8px-Red_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="8" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/12px-Red_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/16px-Red_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></span></span></div></div></div><div style="padding-top:0.2em">Fawley Refinery in <a href="/wiki/Hampshire" title="Hampshire">Hampshire</a></div></div></div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Country</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom">UK</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">City</th><td class="infobox-data label"><a href="/wiki/Fawley,_Hampshire" title="Fawley, Hampshire">Fawley, Hampshire</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Geographical_coordinate_system" class="mw-redirect" title="Geographical coordinate system">Coordinates</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="geo-inline"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Fawley_Refinery&params=50.833_N_1.365_W_type:landmark"><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">50°49′59″N</span> <span class="longitude">1°21′54″W</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">50.833°N 1.365°W</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">50.833; -1.365</span></span></span></a></span></span></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background: #ccf;">Refinery details</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Owner(s)</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Esso" title="Esso">Esso</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Commissioned</th><td class="infobox-data">1921<span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated itvstart">1921</span>)</span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Capacity</th><td class="infobox-data">270,000 bbl/d (43,000 m<sup>3</sup>/d)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><abbr title="Number">No.</abbr> of employees</th><td class="infobox-data">>2,500 (including contractors)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><abbr title="Number">No.</abbr> of oil tanks</th><td class="infobox-data">330</td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Fawley Refinery</b> is an <a href="/wiki/Oil_refinery" title="Oil refinery">oil refinery</a> located at <a href="/wiki/Fawley,_Hampshire" title="Fawley, Hampshire">Fawley, Hampshire</a>, <a href="/wiki/England" title="England">England</a>. The refinery is owned by <a href="/wiki/Esso" title="Esso">Esso Petroleum Company Limited</a>, a subsidiary of <a href="/wiki/ExxonMobil" title="ExxonMobil">Exxon Mobil Corporation</a>, which acquired the site in 1925. Situated on <a href="/wiki/Southampton_Water" title="Southampton Water">Southampton Water</a>, it was rebuilt and extended in 1951 and is now the largest oil refinery in the United Kingdom, and one of the most complex refineries in Europe. With a capacity of 270,000 barrels (43,000 m<sup>3</sup>) per day, Fawley provides 20 per cent of the UK's refinery capacity.<sup id="cite_ref-exxonmobil1_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-exxonmobil1-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Over 2,500 people are employed at the site.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fawley_Refinery&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The refinery was established in 1921 by the <i>Atlantic, Gulf and West Indies Oil Company</i> on 270 hectares (670 acres) of land.<sup id="cite_ref-hudson_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hudson-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The site was chosen because a large amount of land was available for development, and the area was not heavily populated, and because of the position on <a href="/wiki/Southampton_Water" title="Southampton Water">Southampton Water</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-ct_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ct-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This provided access to the large amount of water used in the refining process, and also made it possible for crude oil to be brought to the site in ocean tankers by sea.<sup id="cite_ref-ct_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ct-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Proximity to <a href="/wiki/Southampton" title="Southampton">Southampton</a> was also a factor, as at the outset much of the plant's output was used to supply <a href="/wiki/Ocean_liner" title="Ocean liner">liners</a> using <a href="/wiki/Southampton_Docks" class="mw-redirect" title="Southampton Docks">Southampton Docks</a>. <i>Atlantic, Gulf and West Indies</i> were bought out by <i>British-Mexican Petroleum</i> in 1923, and they, in turn, were taken over by the <a href="/wiki/Anglo-American_Oil_Company" class="mw-redirect" title="Anglo-American Oil Company">Anglo-American Oil Company</a> in 1926, which was the British affiliate of Esso.<sup id="cite_ref-hudson_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hudson-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1939 capacity was around 600,000 tonnes of crude oil per annum (approximately 12,000 barrels [1,900 m<sup>3</sup>] per day) which met just 6.7% of UK demand.<sup id="cite_ref-hudson_3-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hudson-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Refining ceased during <a href="/wiki/World_War_II" title="World War II">World War II</a>, when most refined oil for the UK was imported, and Fawley was used as a storage depot.<sup id="cite_ref-hudson_3-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hudson-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1949 Esso embarked on the construction of a new refinery,<sup id="cite_ref-energyinst_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-energyinst-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and a further 1,200 hectares (3,000 acres) of land were acquired.<sup id="cite_ref-hudson_3-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hudson-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The first stage of this expansion, which came on-stream in 1951, consisted of primary distillation units, a catalytic cracker and numerous treating units.<sup id="cite_ref-energyinst_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-energyinst-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The refinery was opened by British prime minister <a href="/wiki/Clement_Attlee" title="Clement Attlee">Clement Attlee</a> on 14 September 1951.<sup id="cite_ref-bbc1951_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bbc1951-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It had an initial estimated capacity of 157,000 barrels (25,000 m<sup>3</sup>) per day, or around one third of UK demand at that time.<sup id="cite_ref-bbc1951_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bbc1951-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The chemical plant was created in 1958.<sup id="cite_ref-hudson_3-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hudson-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Additional refining capacity was added, and Fawley's capacity reached around 19,500,000 tonnes of crude oil per annum in 1973 (approximately 400,000 barrels [64,000 m<sup>3</sup>] per day),<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and has since decreased, partly because of reduced demand for oil.<sup id="cite_ref-hudson_3-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hudson-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Esso_refinery">Esso refinery</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fawley_Refinery&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Esso refinery"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Queen_Elizabeth_2_from_inside_Fawley_oil_refinery_-_geograph.org.uk_-_735615.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Queen_Elizabeth_2_from_inside_Fawley_oil_refinery_-_geograph.org.uk_-_735615.jpg/220px-Queen_Elizabeth_2_from_inside_Fawley_oil_refinery_-_geograph.org.uk_-_735615.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Queen_Elizabeth_2_from_inside_Fawley_oil_refinery_-_geograph.org.uk_-_735615.jpg/330px-Queen_Elizabeth_2_from_inside_Fawley_oil_refinery_-_geograph.org.uk_-_735615.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Queen_Elizabeth_2_from_inside_Fawley_oil_refinery_-_geograph.org.uk_-_735615.jpg/440px-Queen_Elizabeth_2_from_inside_Fawley_oil_refinery_-_geograph.org.uk_-_735615.jpg 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="427" /></a><figcaption>Oil storage tanks at Fawley</figcaption></figure> <p>Fawley refinery processes around 270,000 barrels (43,000 m<sup>3</sup>) of <a href="/wiki/Crude_oil" class="mw-redirect" title="Crude oil">crude oil</a> a day and provides 20 per cent of the UK's refinery capacity.<sup id="cite_ref-exxonmobil1_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-exxonmobil1-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Crude oil is transported by sea in <a href="/wiki/Oil_tanker" title="Oil tanker">tankers</a> to the refinery's one-mile-long (1,600 m) marine terminal, which handles around 2,000 ship movements and 22 million tonnes of crude oil and other products every year.<sup id="cite_ref-exxonmobil2_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-exxonmobil2-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The crude oil is pumped into storage tanks before being processed.<sup id="cite_ref-exxonmobil2_8-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-exxonmobil2-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The crude oil is <a href="/wiki/Fractional_distillation" title="Fractional distillation">distilled</a> into different fractions, with other complex processes being performed to produce a full range of products, that includes <a href="/wiki/Propane" title="Propane">propane</a> and <a href="/wiki/Butane" title="Butane">butane</a> (<a href="/wiki/Liquefied_petroleum_gas" title="Liquefied petroleum gas">LPG</a>), <a href="/wiki/Petrol" class="mw-redirect" title="Petrol">petrol</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jet_fuel" title="Jet fuel">jet fuel</a>, <a href="/wiki/Diesel_fuel" title="Diesel fuel">diesel</a>, <a href="/wiki/Marine_fuel" class="mw-redirect" title="Marine fuel">marine fuels</a>, <a href="/wiki/Heating_oil" title="Heating oil">heating oil</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lubricant" title="Lubricant">lubricant</a> basestocks and <a href="/wiki/Fuel_oil" title="Fuel oil">fuel oil</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-exxonmobil3_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-exxonmobil3-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Major process units include three atmospheric and three <a href="/wiki/Vacuum_distillation" title="Vacuum distillation">vacuum distillation</a> units (although one atmospheric and one vacuum distillation unit was shut down in 2012), a <a href="/wiki/Fluid_catalytic_cracking" title="Fluid catalytic cracking">fluid catalytic cracking</a> unit, a resid finer, a <a href="/wiki/Polymerization" title="Polymerization">polymerization</a> plant, two powerformers, six hydrofiners (a new one was brought online in 2013), two sulphur extraction units, a <a href="/wiki/Lubricating_oil" class="mw-redirect" title="Lubricating oil">lubricating oil</a> manufacturing complex, an <a href="/wiki/Isomerization" title="Isomerization">isomerization</a> unit and a <a href="/wiki/Bitumen" title="Bitumen">bitumen</a> plant (which was shut down in 2009).<sup id="cite_ref-energyinst_5-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-energyinst-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In addition to this, the refinery is also home to the largest refrigerated LPG storage facility in Northern Europe. </p><p>About 5% of Fawley's production is distributed by rail or road, 25% by sea and 70% by pipelines.<sup id="cite_ref-energyinst_5-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-energyinst-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The refinery at Fawley also supplies feedstock to the adjacent chemical plant.<sup id="cite_ref-exxonmobil3_9-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-exxonmobil3-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Rail facilities at Fawley comprise LPG loading, chlorine facilities, crude offloading, a chemical facilities building, caustic facilities, butyl rubber, bitumen, gas oil and a coal road. The 10-mile-long (16 km) <a href="/wiki/Fawley_branch_line" title="Fawley branch line">Fawley branch line</a> is connected to the <a href="/wiki/South_West_Main_Line" title="South West Main Line">South West Main Line</a> via an east-facing connection to the west of Totton station.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Chemical_plant">Chemical plant</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fawley_Refinery&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Chemical plant"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The site houses a <a href="/wiki/Chemical_plant" title="Chemical plant">chemical facility</a> operated by <a href="/wiki/ExxonMobil" title="ExxonMobil">ExxonMobil</a> and <a href="/wiki/Nalco_Holding_Company" class="mw-redirect" title="Nalco Holding Company">Nalco</a>. </p><p>The ExxonMobil chemical plant produces approximately 750,000 tonnes of chemical products every year.<sup id="cite_ref-exxonmobil4_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-exxonmobil4-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The initial stage for many of the chemical products was the <a href="/wiki/Cracking_(chemistry)" title="Cracking (chemistry)">steam cracker</a> (shut and dismantled in 2013), which took a feedstock of <a href="/wiki/Heavy_naphtha" class="mw-redirect" title="Heavy naphtha">heavy naphtha</a> or <a href="/wiki/Fuel_oil" title="Fuel oil">gas oil</a> from the refinery to produce basic chemical building blocks: <a href="/wiki/Ethylene" title="Ethylene">ethylene</a>, <a href="/wiki/Propene" class="mw-redirect" title="Propene">propene</a> and <a href="/wiki/Butene" title="Butene">butene</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-exxonmobil5_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-exxonmobil5-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This plant is now demolished, with Ethylene shipped directly in from a supplier; the propene and butene streams from the petroleum side of the refinery are used as feedstocks, mainly for the higher <a href="/wiki/Alkene" title="Alkene">olefins</a> plant and the <a href="/wiki/Isobutylene" title="Isobutylene">isobutylene</a> plant. Butene is stored in seven large pressurised spheres – known as the seven sisters – that are a prominent feature of the Fawley site.<sup id="cite_ref-exxonmobil4_11-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-exxonmobil4-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The higher olefins plant is the largest chemical plant at Fawley.<sup id="cite_ref-exxonmobil5_12-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-exxonmobil5-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The 14 higher olefins manufactured at Fawley are shipped to other chemical plants in Europe for further processing.<sup id="cite_ref-exxonmobil5_12-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-exxonmobil5-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> They are used in the manufacture of <a href="/wiki/Plasticizer" title="Plasticizer">plasticizers</a> – the component in plastics which makes them flexible – and also in the manufacture of performance fluids.<sup id="cite_ref-exxonmobil5_12-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-exxonmobil5-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The two key chemical products produced at Fawley are <a href="/wiki/Butyl_rubber" title="Butyl rubber">halobutyl rubber</a> and <a href="/wiki/Butanone" title="Butanone">methyl ethyl ketone</a>:<sup id="cite_ref-exxonmobil4_11-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-exxonmobil4-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul><li>Halobutyl rubber is the one <a href="/wiki/Polymer" title="Polymer">polymer</a> product made at Fawley.<sup id="cite_ref-exxonmobil5_12-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-exxonmobil5-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It is used to line tyres.<sup id="cite_ref-exxonmobil4_11-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-exxonmobil4-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The isobutylene feedstock for the polymers plant comes from the isobutylene plant.<sup id="cite_ref-exxonmobil5_12-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-exxonmobil5-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The solid halobutyl rubber is formed into bales and packed into crates in which it is shipped to customers around the world.<sup id="cite_ref-exxonmobil5_12-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-exxonmobil5-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The majority of tyres manufactured in Europe contain some Fawley halobutyl rubber.<sup id="cite_ref-exxonmobil4_11-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-exxonmobil4-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>MEK (methyl ethyl ketone) is a <a href="/wiki/Solvent" title="Solvent">solvent</a> used in paints and adhesives.<sup id="cite_ref-exxonmobil5_12-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-exxonmobil5-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Residue from the isobutylene plant is used in the manufacture of MEK.<sup id="cite_ref-exxonmobil5_12-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-exxonmobil5-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Oil_terminal">Oil terminal</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fawley_Refinery&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Oil terminal"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:VLCC_Esso_Wilhelmshaven.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/VLCC_Esso_Wilhelmshaven.jpg/220px-VLCC_Esso_Wilhelmshaven.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/VLCC_Esso_Wilhelmshaven.jpg/330px-VLCC_Esso_Wilhelmshaven.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/VLCC_Esso_Wilhelmshaven.jpg/440px-VLCC_Esso_Wilhelmshaven.jpg 2x" data-file-width="850" data-file-height="563" /></a><figcaption>VLCC <i>Esso Wilhelmshaven</i> at the Fawley Refinery oil terminal</figcaption></figure> <p>The refinery can handle <a href="/wiki/VLCC" class="mw-redirect" title="VLCC">VLCCs</a> up to 244,000 tonnes displacement, with a length overall up to 368 m (1,207 ft)<sup id="cite_ref-fap-1_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-fap-1-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It has nine berths, 5 oceangoing berths with depths from 10.2 m (33 ft) to 14.9 m (49 ft), and 4 for coastal vessels with depths in the 5–6 m (16–20 ft) range.<sup id="cite_ref-fap-1_13-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-fap-1-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Fawley_tugs.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/Fawley_tugs.jpg/220px-Fawley_tugs.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="119" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/Fawley_tugs.jpg/330px-Fawley_tugs.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/Fawley_tugs.jpg/440px-Fawley_tugs.jpg 2x" data-file-width="850" data-file-height="461" /></a><figcaption>Fire fighting tugs at Fawley</figcaption></figure> <p>A fleet of three <a href="/wiki/Tugboats" class="mw-redirect" title="Tugboats">tugs</a>, <i>Tenax</i>, <i>Phenix</i> and <i>Apex</i> operated by Solent Towage, is based at the terminal. They are designed specifically for oil terminal duties with fire fighting capabilities, rescue equipment and oil spill boom equipment.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Other_facilities">Other facilities</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fawley_Refinery&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Other facilities"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In addition to the Esso refinery and chemicals plant, several associated industrial facilities were built in the Fawley area.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> These were attracted to the Esso facility either as a provider of feedstock or to provide services to other plants. The facilities built in the post-war period were as follows. </p> <table class="wikitable"> <caption>  Industrial Plant on the west side of Southampton Water </caption> <tbody><tr> <th>Plant </th> <th>Area, ha </th> <th>Commissioned </th></tr> <tr> <td>Fawley refinery </td> <td>506 </td> <td>1951 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Marchwood power station </td> <td>60 </td> <td>1955 </td></tr> <tr> <td>International Synthetic Rubber </td> <td>22 </td> <td>1958 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Monsanto Chemicals </td> <td>8 </td> <td>1958 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Fawley power station </td> <td>71 </td> <td>1959 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Union Carbide </td> <td>10 </td> <td>1960 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Air Products </td> <td>1.6 </td> <td>1961 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Hythe Gasworks </td> <td>6 </td> <td>1964 </td></tr></tbody></table> <p>Marchwood and <a href="/wiki/Fawley_Power_Station" title="Fawley Power Station">Fawley Power Stations</a> were both supplied with heavy fuel oil from the refinery. <a href="/wiki/Marchwood_Power_Station" title="Marchwood Power Station">Marchwood Power Station</a> was fed by an 11.3 km (7.0 mi) pipeline which delivered oil to four storage tanks holding 26,000 tonnes. Fawley power station was supplied via two 10 in (25 cm) diameter, 3.2 km (2.0 mi) long, pipelines which discharged into storage tanks with a capacity of 24,000 tonnes.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_15-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Hythe gas works comprised six <a href="/wiki/Catalytic_reforming" title="Catalytic reforming">continuous catalytic reforming</a> plants. These delivered up to 3.5 million m<sup>3</sup> per day of <a href="/wiki/Coal_gas" title="Coal gas">town gas</a>. The works were fed with refinery gas and <a href="/wiki/Naphtha" title="Naphtha">naphtha</a> feedstock via pipelines from the refinery. Air Products supplied nitrogen by pipeline for purging and start-up. Output from the works was fed to the gas grid by a 17 km (11 mi), 20 in (51 cm) diameter pipeline to Ower; and a 24 km (15 mi), 24 in (61 cm) diameter pipeline to Sopley. Gas was also supplied by undersea pipelines to the Isle of Wight. </p><p>International Synthetic Rubber manufactured rubber. The feedstock for the plant was <a href="/wiki/Butadiene" title="Butadiene">butadiene</a> supplied via pipeline from Esso Chemicals and <a href="/wiki/Styrene" title="Styrene">styrene</a> originally obtained from BP <a href="/wiki/Grangemouth_Refinery" title="Grangemouth Refinery">Grangemouth refinery.</a> In 1969 the company commissioned a styrene monomer plant at Hythe. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Union_Carbide" title="Union Carbide">Union Carbide</a> was supplied with <a href="/wiki/Ethylene" title="Ethylene">ethylene</a> from the Esso plant. Union Carbide manufactured anti-freeze, brake fluids, solvents, detergents, and other chemical compounds. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Monsanto" title="Monsanto">Monsanto</a> manufactured polyethylene pellets using ethylene from the Esso plant which was delivered via pipeline. </p><p>Air Products produced a range of gases. Nitrogen was supplied to the refinery, Hythe gas works, and other plant on the site. </p><p>Ethylene was also supplied from Esso Chemicals Fawley to ICI Severnside via a 6 in (15 cm) diameter cross country pipeline.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_15-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Safety_record">Safety record</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fawley_Refinery&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Safety record"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Fawley refinery has been the scene of a number of fires and explosions.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1935, a major oil tank blaze caused a fire that lasted many days.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1969, a major fire broke out in the refinery causing damage to large parts of it.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In July 2007, the BBC reported a fire in the steam generating plant of the refinery with no casualties.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It caused a major part of the refinery to be shut down for a few days. </p><p>In 2008 a sailor from <a href="/wiki/Honduras" title="Honduras">Honduras</a> died after a fuel pipe fell from a refinery jib due to a corroded connecting bolt.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The pipe collapsed on to the deck of the oil tanker <i>MT Castillo de Monterreal</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Esso and Austin & McLean were charged with breaching the <a href="/wiki/Health_and_Safety_at_Work_etc._Act_1974" title="Health and Safety at Work etc. Act 1974">Health and Safety Act</a> for the accident,<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and were fined £100,000.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On 20 June 2010 around 20 barrels of <a href="/wiki/Vacuum_gas_oil" class="mw-redirect" title="Vacuum gas oil">vacuum gas oil</a> leaked into Southampton Water as a ship was unloaded.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Esso was later fined £10,000 for the incident.<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2011, an accident at the refinery caused the death of one of its workers.<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fawley_Refinery&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fawley_Power_Station" title="Fawley Power Station">Fawley Power Station</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fawley_Refinery&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-exxonmobil1-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-exxonmobil1_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-exxonmobil1_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.exxonmobil.com/UK-English/about_what_refining_fawley.aspx">Fawley refinery</a>, ExxonMobil, retrieved 20 December 2012</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.exxonmobil.co.uk/community-engagement/key-locations/fawley-operations/our-people">"Our people"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/ExxonMobil" title="ExxonMobil">ExxonMobil</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">14 September</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=ExxonMobil&rft.atitle=Our+people&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.exxonmobil.co.uk%2Fcommunity-engagement%2Fkey-locations%2Ffawley-operations%2Four-people&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFawley+Refinery" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-hudson-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-hudson_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-hudson_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-hudson_3-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-hudson_3-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-hudson_3-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-hudson_3-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-hudson_3-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Kenneth Hudson, (1984), <i>Industrial History from the Air</i>, pages 56-7. CUP</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ct-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-ct_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ct_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.chemicals-technology.com/projects/fawley-refinery-petrochemical-plant-hampshire/">Fawley Refinery and Petrochemical Plant, Hampshire, United Kingdom</a>, chemicals-technology.com, retrieved 17 January 2013</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-energyinst-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-energyinst_5-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-energyinst_5-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-energyinst_5-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-energyinst_5-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100503234831/http://www.energyinst.org.uk/education/refineries/fawley.htm">Interactive Guide to UK Refineries: Fawley (Esso)</a>, energyinst.org.uk, 3 May 2010</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-bbc1951-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-bbc1951_6-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-bbc1951_6-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.bbc.co.uk/onthisday/hi/dates/stories/september/14/newsid_3051000/3051902.stm">BBC ON THIS DAY | 14 | 1951: Refinery opens as oil row continues</a>, BBC, retrieved 8 October 2014</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Oil and gas international year book</i>, (1974), page 276</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-exxonmobil2-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-exxonmobil2_8-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-exxonmobil2_8-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.exxonmobil.com/UK-English/about_what_refining_fawley_crudeoil.aspx">Crude oil supplies</a>, ExxonMobil, retrieved 20 December 2012</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-exxonmobil3-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-exxonmobil3_9-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-exxonmobil3_9-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.exxonmobil.com/UK-English/about_what_refining_fawley_operations.aspx">Refinery operations</a>, ExxonMobil, retrieved 20 December 2012</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJacobs2008" class="citation book cs1">Jacobs, Gerald (2008). <i>Railway Track Diagrams Book 5: Southern and TfL</i>. Bradford on Avon: Trackmaps. pp. 30A. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780954986643" title="Special:BookSources/9780954986643"><bdi>9780954986643</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Railway+Track+Diagrams+Book+5%3A+Southern+and+TfL&rft.place=Bradford+on+Avon&rft.pages=30A&rft.pub=Trackmaps&rft.date=2008&rft.isbn=9780954986643&rft.aulast=Jacobs&rft.aufirst=Gerald&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFawley+Refinery" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-exxonmobil4-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-exxonmobil4_11-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-exxonmobil4_11-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-exxonmobil4_11-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-exxonmobil4_11-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-exxonmobil4_11-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.exxonmobil.com/UK-English/about_what_chemicals_fawley.aspx">Fawley chemical manufacturing plant</a>, ExxonMobil, retrieved 20 December 2012</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-exxonmobil5-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-exxonmobil5_12-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-exxonmobil5_12-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-exxonmobil5_12-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-exxonmobil5_12-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-exxonmobil5_12-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-exxonmobil5_12-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-exxonmobil5_12-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-exxonmobil5_12-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-exxonmobil5_12-8"><sup><i><b>i</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.exxonmobil.com/UK-English/about_what_chemicals_fawley_products.aspx">Products</a>, ExxonMobil, retrieved 20 December 2012</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-fap-1-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-fap-1_13-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-fap-1_13-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.findaport.com/port-of-fawley">"Port of Fawley, U.K."</a> <i>www.findaport.com</i>. 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"Industrial Development around the Esso refinery, Fawley". <i>Geography</i>. <b>58</b> (2): 154–59 – via JSTOR.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geography&rft.atitle=Industrial+Development+around+the+Esso+refinery%2C+Fawley&rft.volume=58&rft.issue=2&rft.pages=154-59&rft.date=1973-04&rft.aulast=Lester&rft.aufirst=R+H&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFawley+Refinery" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHansford" class="citation book cs1">Hansford, Roger. <i>Fawleys frontline: A century of firefighting and rescue</i> (1 ed.).</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Fawleys+frontline%3A+A+century+of+firefighting+and+rescue&rft.edition=1&rft.aulast=Hansford&rft.aufirst=Roger&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFawley+Refinery" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.britishpathe.com/video/big-oil-tank-blaze-at-fawley-news-a-in-a-nutshell">"Big Oil Tank Blaze At Fawley"</a>. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">6 December</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Video+of+Fawley+fire&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.britishpathe.com%2Fvideo%2Ffawley-fire&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFawley+Refinery" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/england/hampshire/6916228.stm">"Fire at UK's largest oil refinery"</a>. British Broadcasting Corporation. BBC News. 25 July 2007<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">6 December</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Fire+at+UK%27s+largest+oil+refinery&rft.date=2007-07-25&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnews.bbc.co.uk%2F1%2Fhi%2Fengland%2Fhampshire%2F6916228.stm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFawley+Refinery" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.independent.co.uk/news/business/news/esso-and-its-contractor-charged-over-fawley-refinery-death-7962067.html">"Esso and its contractor charged over Fawley refinery death"</a>. <i>The Independent</i>. 20 July 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">6 December</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Independent&rft.atitle=Esso+and+its+contractor+charged+over+Fawley+refinery+death&rft.date=2012-07-20&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.independent.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fbusiness%2Fnews%2Fesso-and-its-contractor-charged-over-fawley-refinery-death-7962067.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFawley+Refinery" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/england/hampshire/7590322.stm">Seaman dies in refinery incident </a>, BBC News, 30 August 2008, retrieved 20 December 2012</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-hampshire-18922728">Esso and Austin & McLean charged over sailor's death</a>, BBC News, 20 July 2012, retrieved 20 December 2012</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-hampshire-25412412">Esso fined £100,000 over Fawley sailor death</a>, BBC News, 17 December 2013, retrieved 8 October 2014</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/10372617">Beaches still closed after Esso oil spill in Hampshire</a>, BBC News, 22 June 2010, retrieved 20 December 2012</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-hampshire-15010642">Esso Fawley fined for Southampton Water toxic oil leak</a>, BBC News, 21 September 2011, retrieved 20 December 2012</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-hampshire-14266618">Esso Fawley oil refinery death worker named</a>, BBC News, 24 July 2011, retrieved 20 December 2012</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-hampshire-19639320">Crushed Esso oil refinery worker's death accidental</a>, BBC News, 18 September 2012, retrieved 20 December 2012</span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading 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href="/wiki/Milford_Haven_Refinery" title="Milford Haven Refinery">Milford Haven Refinery</a> (decommissioned)</i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sullom_Voe_Terminal" title="Sullom Voe Terminal">Sullom Voe Terminal</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Teesside_Refinery" title="Teesside Refinery">Teesside Refinery</a> (decommissioned)</i></li> <li>Stanlow storage: <a href="/wiki/Eastham_Oil_Terminal" title="Eastham Oil Terminal">Eastham Oil Terminal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tranmere_Oil_Terminal" title="Tranmere Oil Terminal">Tranmere Oil Terminal</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_oil_refineries#United_Kingdom" title="List of oil refineries">Refineries</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Fawley Refinery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grangemouth_Refinery" title="Grangemouth Refinery">Grangemouth Refinery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Humber_Refinery" title="Humber Refinery">Humber Refinery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lindsey_Oil_Refinery" title="Lindsey Oil Refinery">Lindsey Oil Refinery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pembroke_Refinery" title="Pembroke Refinery">Pembroke Refinery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stanlow_Refinery" class="mw-redirect" title="Stanlow Refinery">Stanlow Refinery</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Distribution</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Exolum_Pipeline_System" title="Exolum Pipeline System">Exolum Pipeline System</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/UK_oil_pipeline_network" title="UK oil pipeline network">United Kingdom Oil Pipeline</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="ExxonMobil" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:ExxonMobil" title="Template:ExxonMobil"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:ExxonMobil" title="Template talk:ExxonMobil"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:ExxonMobil" 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<li><a href="/wiki/On_the_Run_(convenience_store)" title="On the Run (convenience store)">On the Run</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Speedpass" title="Speedpass">Speedpass</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Former</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Enco_(brand)" title="Enco (brand)">Enco</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="9" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Exxon_Mobil_Logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/Exxon_Mobil_Logo.svg/120px-Exxon_Mobil_Logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="120" height="23" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/Exxon_Mobil_Logo.svg/180px-Exxon_Mobil_Logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/Exxon_Mobil_Logo.svg/240px-Exxon_Mobil_Logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="250" data-file-height="47" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Subsidiaries</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Current</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aera_Energy" title="Aera Energy">Aera Energy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Exxon_Neftegas" title="Exxon Neftegas">Exxon Neftegas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ExxonMobil_Australia" title="ExxonMobil Australia">ExxonMobil Australia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ExxonMobil_Nigeria" title="ExxonMobil Nigeria">ExxonMobil Nigeria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Imperial_Oil" title="Imperial Oil">Imperial Oil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SeaRiver_Maritime" title="SeaRiver Maritime">SeaRiver Maritime</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/XTO_Energy" title="XTO Energy">XTO Energy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Exxon_Enterprises" title="Exxon Enterprises">Exxon Enterprises</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Former</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Creole_Petroleum" class="mw-redirect" title="Creole Petroleum">Creole Petroleum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Humble_Oil" title="Humble Oil">Humble Oil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Magnolia_Petroleum_Company" title="Magnolia Petroleum Company">Magnolia Petroleum Company</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Petron" class="mw-redirect" title="Petron">Petron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Superior_Oil_Company" title="Superior Oil Company">Superior Oil Company</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vacuum_Oil_Company" title="Vacuum Oil Company">Vacuum Oil Company</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Standard_Vacuum_Oil_Company" title="Standard Vacuum Oil Company">Standard Vacuum Oil</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Boskin" title="Michael Boskin">Michael Boskin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Larry_Faulkner" title="Larry Faulkner">Larry Faulkner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bill_George_(academic)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bill George (academic)">William W. George</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_R._Houghton" title="James R. Houghton">James R. Houghton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samuel_J._Palmisano" title="Samuel J. Palmisano">Samuel J. Palmisano</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lee_Raymond" title="Lee Raymond">Lee Raymond</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_D._Rockefeller" title="John D. Rockefeller">John D. Rockefeller</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Walter_V._Shipley" title="Walter V. Shipley">Walter V. Shipley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Walter_C._Teagle" title="Walter C. Teagle">Walter C. Teagle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rex_Tillerson" title="Rex Tillerson">Rex Tillerson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Darren_Woods" title="Darren Woods">Darren Woods</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Facilities</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Baton_Rouge_Refinery" title="Baton Rouge Refinery">Baton Rouge Refinery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baytown_Refinery" title="Baytown Refinery">Baytown Refinery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Billings_Refinery_(Par_Pacific)" title="Billings Refinery (Par Pacific)">Billings Refinery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Esso_Refinery,_Milford_Haven" title="Esso Refinery, Milford Haven">Milford Haven</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Exxon_Building_(New_York)" class="mw-redirect" title="Exxon Building (New York)">Exxon Building (New York)</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Fawley Refinery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Imperial_Oil_Building" title="Imperial Oil Building">Imperial Oil Building</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mossmorran" title="Mossmorran">Mossmorran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nanticoke_Refinery" title="Nanticoke Refinery">Nanticoke Refinery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Port_Stanvac_Refinery" title="Port Stanvac Refinery">Port Stanvac Refinery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trans-Alaska_Pipeline_System" title="Trans-Alaska Pipeline System">Trans-Alaska Pipeline System</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Upper_Zakum_oil_field" title="Upper Zakum oil field">Upper Zakum oil field</a> (28%)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Controversies</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Criticism_of_ExxonMobil" title="Criticism of ExxonMobil">Overview of controversies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Accusations_of_ExxonMobil_human_rights_violations_in_Aceh" title="Accusations of ExxonMobil human rights violations in Aceh">Accusations of ExxonMobil human rights violations in Aceh</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Allison_v._ExxonMobil_Corp." title="Allison v. ExxonMobil Corp.">Allison v. ExxonMobil Corp.</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Exxon_Corp._v_Exxon_Insurance_Consultants_International_Ltd" class="mw-redirect" title="Exxon Corp. v Exxon Insurance Consultants International Ltd">Exxon Corp. v Exxon Insurance Consultants International Ltd</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1998_Esso_Longford_fire" title="1998 Esso Longford fire">Longford, Victoria gas plant fire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ExxonMobil_climate_change_controversy" class="mw-redirect" title="ExxonMobil climate change controversy">ExxonMobil climate change controversy</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Kivalina_v._ExxonMobil_Corporation" class="mw-redirect" title="Kivalina v. ExxonMobil Corporation">Kivalina v. ExxonMobil Corporation</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oil_Pollution_Act_of_1990" title="Oil Pollution Act of 1990">Oil Pollution Act of 1990</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/People_of_the_State_of_New_York_v._Exxon_Mobil_Corp." class="mw-redirect" title="People of the State of New York v. Exxon Mobil Corp.">People of the State of New York v. Exxon Mobil Corp.</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Oil spills</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2010_ExxonMobil_oil_spill" title="2010 ExxonMobil oil spill">2010 ExxonMobil oil spill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2010_Port_Arthur_oil_spill" title="2010 Port Arthur oil spill">2010 Port Arthur oil spill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2013_Mayflower_oil_spill" title="2013 Mayflower oil spill">2013 Mayflower oil spill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Exxon_Valdez_oil_spill" title="Exxon Valdez oil spill"><i>Exxon Valdez</i> oil spill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greenpoint_oil_spill" title="Greenpoint oil spill">Greenpoint oil spill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SS_Atlantic_Empress" title="SS Atlantic Empress">SS <i>Atlantic Empress</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SS_Esso_Brussels" title="SS Esso Brussels">SS <i>Esso Brussels</i></a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Oil & gas fields</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Colony_Shale_Oil_Project" title="Colony Shale Oil Project">Colony Shale Oil Project</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/East-Prinovozemelsky_field" title="East-Prinovozemelsky field">East-Prinovozemelsky field</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Goose_Creek_Oil_Field" title="Goose Creek Oil Field">Goose Creek Oil Field</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hebron-Ben_Nevis_oil_field" title="Hebron-Ben Nevis oil field">Hebron-Ben Nevis oil field</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hibernia_oil_field" title="Hibernia oil field">Hibernia oil field</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kearl_Oil_Sands_Project" title="Kearl Oil Sands Project">Kearl Oil Sands Project</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kizomba_deepwater_project" title="Kizomba deepwater project">Kizomba deepwater project</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ormen_Lange_(gas_field)" title="Ormen Lange (gas field)">Ormen Lange</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pembina_oil_field" title="Pembina oil field">Pembina oil field</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prudhoe_Bay_Oil_Field" title="Prudhoe Bay Oil Field">Prudhoe Bay Oil Field</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sable_Offshore_Energy_Project" title="Sable Offshore Energy Project">Sable Offshore Energy Project</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sakhalin-I" title="Sakhalin-I">Sakhalin-I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tengiz_Field" title="Tengiz Field">Tengiz Field</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tern_oilfield" title="Tern oilfield">Tern oilfield</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tuapse_field" title="Tuapse field">Tuapse field</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/West_Qurna_Field" title="West Qurna Field">West Qurna Field</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other topics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_ExxonMobil" title="History of ExxonMobil">History of ExxonMobil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Esso_Motor_Hotel" title="Esso Motor Hotel">Esso Motor Hotel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ExxonMobil_Electrofrac" title="ExxonMobil Electrofrac">ExxonMobil Electrofrac</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mobil_Showcase_Network" title="Mobil Showcase Network">Mobil Showcase Network</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Esso_Power_Players" title="Esso Power Players">Power Players</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Sponsorship</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Universe_of_Energy" title="Universe of Energy">Universe of Energy</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span 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