CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html> <html class="client-nojs vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-enabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-sticky-header-enabled vector-toc-available" lang="en" dir="ltr"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>Stir frying - Wikipedia</title> <script>(function(){var className="client-js vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-enabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-sticky-header-enabled vector-toc-available";var cookie=document.cookie.match(/(?:^|; )enwikimwclientpreferences=([^;]+)/);if(cookie){cookie[1].split('%2C').forEach(function(pref){className=className.replace(new RegExp('(^| )'+pref.replace(/-clientpref-\w+$|[^\w-]+/g,'')+'-clientpref-\\w+( |$)'),'$1'+pref+'$2');});}document.documentElement.className=className;}());RLCONF={"wgBreakFrames":false,"wgSeparatorTransformTable":["",""],"wgDigitTransformTable":["",""],"wgDefaultDateFormat":"dmy", "wgMonthNames":["","January","February","March","April","May","June","July","August","September","October","November","December"],"wgRequestId":"bcfa03ad-8a78-49d1-be78-bec04e547479","wgCanonicalNamespace":"","wgCanonicalSpecialPageName":false,"wgNamespaceNumber":0,"wgPageName":"Stir_frying","wgTitle":"Stir frying","wgCurRevisionId":1264616124,"wgRevisionId":1264616124,"wgArticleId":53000,"wgIsArticle":true,"wgIsRedirect":false,"wgAction":"view","wgUserName":null,"wgUserGroups":["*"],"wgCategories":["CS1 errors: periodical ignored","Articles with short description","Short description matches Wikidata","Use dmy dates from March 2023","Articles containing Chinese-language text","Pages using template Zh with sup tags","Articles containing simplified Chinese-language text","Articles containing traditional Chinese-language text","All articles with unsourced statements","Articles with unsourced statements from December 2024","CS1 French-language sources (fr)", "Commons category link from Wikidata","Webarchive template wayback links","Chinese cooking techniques","Cooking techniques","Chinese cuisine","Chinese inventions","Culinary terminology","Fried foods"],"wgPageViewLanguage":"en","wgPageContentLanguage":"en","wgPageContentModel":"wikitext","wgRelevantPageName":"Stir_frying","wgRelevantArticleId":53000,"wgIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRelevantPageIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRestrictionEdit":[],"wgRestrictionMove":[],"wgNoticeProject":"wikipedia","wgCiteReferencePreviewsActive":false,"wgFlaggedRevsParams":{"tags":{"status":{"levels":1}}},"wgMediaViewerOnClick":true,"wgMediaViewerEnabledByDefault":true,"wgPopupsFlags":0,"wgVisualEditor":{"pageLanguageCode":"en","pageLanguageDir":"ltr","pageVariantFallbacks":"en"},"wgMFDisplayWikibaseDescriptions":{"search":true,"watchlist":true,"tagline":false,"nearby":true},"wgWMESchemaEditAttemptStepOversample":false,"wgWMEPageLength":30000,"wgEditSubmitButtonLabelPublish":true,"wgULSPosition": "interlanguage","wgULSisCompactLinksEnabled":false,"wgVector2022LanguageInHeader":true,"wgULSisLanguageSelectorEmpty":false,"wgWikibaseItemId":"Q8980672","wgCheckUserClientHintsHeadersJsApi":["brands","architecture","bitness","fullVersionList","mobile","model","platform","platformVersion"],"GEHomepageSuggestedEditsEnableTopics":true,"wgGETopicsMatchModeEnabled":false,"wgGEStructuredTaskRejectionReasonTextInputEnabled":false,"wgGELevelingUpEnabledForUser":false};RLSTATE={"ext.globalCssJs.user.styles":"ready","site.styles":"ready","user.styles":"ready","ext.globalCssJs.user":"ready","user":"ready","user.options":"loading","ext.cite.styles":"ready","mediawiki.page.gallery.styles":"ready","skins.vector.search.codex.styles":"ready","skins.vector.styles":"ready","skins.vector.icons":"ready","jquery.makeCollapsible.styles":"ready","ext.wikimediamessages.styles":"ready","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript":"ready","ext.uls.interlanguage":"ready","wikibase.client.init":"ready", "ext.wikimediaBadges":"ready"};RLPAGEMODULES=["ext.cite.ux-enhancements","mediawiki.page.gallery","mediawiki.page.media","ext.scribunto.logs","site","mediawiki.page.ready","jquery.makeCollapsible","mediawiki.toc","skins.vector.js","ext.centralNotice.geoIP","ext.centralNotice.startUp","ext.gadget.ReferenceTooltips","ext.gadget.switcher","ext.urlShortener.toolbar","ext.centralauth.centralautologin","mmv.bootstrap","ext.popups","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.init","ext.visualEditor.targetLoader","ext.echo.centralauth","ext.eventLogging","ext.wikimediaEvents","ext.navigationTiming","ext.uls.interface","ext.cx.eventlogging.campaigns","ext.cx.uls.quick.actions","wikibase.client.vector-2022","ext.checkUser.clientHints","ext.growthExperiments.SuggestedEditSession"];</script> <script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.loader.impl(function(){return["user.options@12s5i",function($,jQuery,require,module){mw.user.tokens.set({"patrolToken":"+\\","watchToken":"+\\","csrfToken":"+\\"}); }];});});</script> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=ext.cite.styles%7Cext.uls.interlanguage%7Cext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript%7Cext.wikimediaBadges%7Cext.wikimediamessages.styles%7Cjquery.makeCollapsible.styles%7Cmediawiki.page.gallery.styles%7Cskins.vector.icons%2Cstyles%7Cskins.vector.search.codex.styles%7Cwikibase.client.init&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <script async="" src="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=startup&only=scripts&raw=1&skin=vector-2022"></script> <meta name="ResourceLoaderDynamicStyles" content=""> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=site.styles&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <meta name="generator" content="MediaWiki 1.44.0-wmf.16"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin-when-cross-origin"> <meta name="robots" content="max-image-preview:standard"> <meta name="format-detection" content="telephone=no"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/Making_Stir-Fry_%283286445383%29.jpg/1200px-Making_Stir-Fry_%283286445383%29.jpg"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="1200"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="800"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/Making_Stir-Fry_%283286445383%29.jpg/800px-Making_Stir-Fry_%283286445383%29.jpg"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="800"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="533"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/Making_Stir-Fry_%283286445383%29.jpg/640px-Making_Stir-Fry_%283286445383%29.jpg"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="640"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="427"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=1120"> <meta property="og:title" content="Stir frying - Wikipedia"> <meta property="og:type" content="website"> <link rel="preconnect" href="//upload.wikimedia.org"> <link rel="alternate" media="only screen and (max-width: 640px)" href="//en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stir_frying"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/x-wiki" title="Edit this page" href="/w/index.php?title=Stir_frying&action=edit"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="/static/apple-touch/wikipedia.png"> <link rel="icon" href="/static/favicon/wikipedia.ico"> <link rel="search" type="application/opensearchdescription+xml" href="/w/rest.php/v1/search" title="Wikipedia (en)"> <link rel="EditURI" type="application/rsd+xml" href="//en.wikipedia.org/w/api.php?action=rsd"> <link rel="canonical" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stir_frying"> <link rel="license" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.en"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/atom+xml" title="Wikipedia Atom feed" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:RecentChanges&feed=atom"> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//meta.wikimedia.org" /> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="login.wikimedia.org"> </head> <body class="skin--responsive skin-vector skin-vector-search-vue mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject mw-editable page-Stir_frying rootpage-Stir_frying skin-vector-2022 action-view"><a class="mw-jump-link" href="#bodyContent">Jump to content</a> <div class="vector-header-container"> <header class="vector-header mw-header"> <div class="vector-header-start"> <nav class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-main-menu-dropdown vector-button-flush-left vector-button-flush-right" title="Main menu" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Main menu" > <label id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-label" for="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-menu mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-menu"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Main menu</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-main-menu" class="vector-main-menu vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-main-menu-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="main-menu-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-main-menu" data-pinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Main menu</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.unpin">hide</button> </div> <div id="p-navigation" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-navigation" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Navigation </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-mainpage-description" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Main_Page" title="Visit the main page [z]" accesskey="z"><span>Main page</span></a></li><li id="n-contents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Contents" title="Guides to browsing Wikipedia"><span>Contents</span></a></li><li id="n-currentevents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Current_events" title="Articles related to current events"><span>Current events</span></a></li><li id="n-randompage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:Random" title="Visit a randomly selected article [x]" accesskey="x"><span>Random article</span></a></li><li id="n-aboutsite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:About" title="Learn about Wikipedia and how it works"><span>About Wikipedia</span></a></li><li id="n-contactpage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Contact_us" title="How to contact Wikipedia"><span>Contact us</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-interaction" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-interaction" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Contribute </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-help" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Help:Contents" title="Guidance on how to use and edit Wikipedia"><span>Help</span></a></li><li id="n-introduction" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Help:Introduction" title="Learn how to edit Wikipedia"><span>Learn to edit</span></a></li><li id="n-portal" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Community_portal" title="The hub for editors"><span>Community portal</span></a></li><li id="n-recentchanges" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:RecentChanges" title="A list of recent changes to Wikipedia [r]" accesskey="r"><span>Recent changes</span></a></li><li id="n-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:File_upload_wizard" title="Add images or other media for use on Wikipedia"><span>Upload file</span></a></li><li id="n-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:SpecialPages"><span>Special pages</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <a href="/wiki/Main_Page" class="mw-logo"> <img class="mw-logo-icon" src="/static/images/icons/wikipedia.png" alt="" aria-hidden="true" height="50" width="50"> <span class="mw-logo-container skin-invert"> <img class="mw-logo-wordmark" alt="Wikipedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-en.svg" style="width: 7.5em; height: 1.125em;"> <img class="mw-logo-tagline" alt="The Free Encyclopedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-tagline-en.svg" width="117" height="13" style="width: 7.3125em; height: 0.8125em;"> </span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-header-end"> <div id="p-search" role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-collapses vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box-auto-expand-width vector-search-box"> <a href="/wiki/Special:Search" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only search-toggle" title="Search Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-search mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-search"></span> <span>Search</span> </a> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail cdx-typeahead-search--auto-expand-width"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="searchform" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div id="simpleSearch" class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="Search Wikipedia" aria-label="Search Wikipedia" autocapitalize="sentences" title="Search Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f" id="searchInput" > <span class="cdx-text-input__icon cdx-text-input__start-icon"></span> </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Special:Search"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">Search</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-user-links vector-user-links-wide" aria-label="Personal tools"> <div class="vector-user-links-main"> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-preferences" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="Change the appearance of the page's font size, width, and color" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Appearance" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Appearance</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/?wmf_source=donate&wmf_medium=sidebar&wmf_campaign=en.wikipedia.org&uselang=en" class=""><span>Donate</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=Stir+frying" title="You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory" class=""><span>Create account</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=Stir+frying" title="You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Log in</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Log in and more options" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Personal tools" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Personal tools</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="User menu" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/?wmf_source=donate&wmf_medium=sidebar&wmf_campaign=en.wikipedia.org&uselang=en"><span>Donate</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=Stir+frying" title="You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Create account</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=Stir+frying" title="You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Log in</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Pages for logged out editors <a href="/wiki/Help:Introduction" aria-label="Learn more about editing"><span>learn more</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyContributions" title="A list of edits made from this IP address [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Contributions</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyTalk" title="Discussion about edits from this IP address [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Talk</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Contents" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Contents</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">hide</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">(Top)</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-History" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#History"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>History</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-History-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle History subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-History-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-In_China" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#In_China"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>In China</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-In_China-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-In_the_West" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#In_the_West"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>In the West</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-In_the_West-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Technique" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Technique"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Technique</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Technique-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Technique subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Technique-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Chao_technique" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Chao_technique"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span><i>Chao</i> technique</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Chao_technique-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Wok_hei" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Wok_hei"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1.1</span> <span><i>Wok hei</i></span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Wok_hei-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bao_technique" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bao_technique"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span><i>Bao</i> technique</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bao_technique-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Effects_on_nutritional_value" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Effects_on_nutritional_value"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Effects on nutritional value</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Effects_on_nutritional_value-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Uses_in_traditional_medicine" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Uses_in_traditional_medicine"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Uses in traditional medicine</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Uses_in_traditional_medicine-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Stir-fried_dishes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Stir-fried_dishes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Stir-fried dishes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Stir-fried_dishes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Notes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Further_reading" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Further_reading"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>Further reading</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Further_reading-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Table of Contents" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Stir frying</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 32 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-32" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">32 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roerbraai" title="Roerbraai – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Roerbraai" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%82%D9%84%D9%8A_%D8%B3%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%B9" title="قلي سريع – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="قلي سريع" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%B6%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%B5_%D1%9E_%D1%80%D1%83%D1%85%D1%83" title="Смажанне ў руху – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Смажанне ў руху" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stir_frying" title="Stir frying – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Stir frying" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stir-fry" title="Stir-fry – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Stir-fry" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stir_fry" title="Stir fry – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Stir fry" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chao_(salteado)" title="Chao (salteado) – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Chao (salteado)" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kirlofritado" title="Kirlofritado – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Kirlofritado" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%D9%81%D8%AA_%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%BA%D9%86_%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%BA" title="تفت روغن داغ – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="تفت روغن داغ" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%B3%B6%EA%B8%B0" title="볶기 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="볶기" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%8D%D5%A9%D5%AB%D6%80_%D6%86%D6%80%D5%A1%D5%B5" title="Սթիր ֆրայ – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Սթիր ֆրայ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Penggongsengan" title="Penggongsengan – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Penggongsengan" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frittura_al_salto" title="Frittura al salto – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Frittura al salto" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%94%D7%A7%D7%A4%D7%A6%D7%94" title="הקפצה – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="הקפצה" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Os%C3%A8ng" title="Osèng – Javanese" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Osèng" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="Javanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greitas_kepimas" title="Greitas kepimas – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Greitas kepimas" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="good article badge"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Keverve_pir%C3%ADt%C3%A1s" title="Keverve pirítás – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Keverve pirítás" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Goreng_kilas" title="Goreng kilas – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Goreng kilas" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%99%E1%80%BD%E1%80%BE%E1%80%B1%E1%80%80%E1%80%BC%E1%80%B1%E1%80%AC%E1%80%BA%E1%80%81%E1%80%BC%E1%80%84%E1%80%BA%E1%80%B8" title="မွှေကြော်ခြင်း – Burmese" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="မွှေကြော်ခြင်း" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="Burmese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roerbakken" title="Roerbakken – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Roerbakken" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%82%92%E3%82%81%E7%89%A9" title="炒め物 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="炒め物" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wokking" title="Wokking – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Wokking" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sma%C5%BCenie_w_ruchu" title="Smażenie w ruchu – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Smażenie w ruchu" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%80-%D1%84%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B9" title="Стир-фрай – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Стир-фрай" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stir_frying" title="Stir frying – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Stir frying" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Snabbstekning" title="Snabbstekning – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Snabbstekning" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%9C%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%94" title="การผัด – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="การผัด" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stir_frying" title="Stir frying – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Stir frying" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%B6%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D1%8F_%D0%B7_%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BC%D1%96%D1%88%D1%83%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BD%D1%8F%D0%BC" title="Смаження з перемішуванням – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Смаження з перемішуванням" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/X%C3%A0o" title="Xào – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Xào" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%82%92" title="炒 – Cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="炒" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Cantonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%82%92" title="炒 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="炒" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q8980672#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Stir_frying" title="View the content page [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Article</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Talk:Stir_frying" rel="discussion" title="Discuss improvements to the content page [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Talk</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Change language variant" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">English</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Views"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Stir_frying"><span>Read</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Stir_frying&action=edit" title="Edit this page [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Edit</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Stir_frying&action=history" title="Past revisions of this page [h]" accesskey="h"><span>View history</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Tools" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Tools</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Tools</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">hide</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="More options" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Actions </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Stir_frying"><span>Read</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Stir_frying&action=edit" title="Edit this page [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Edit</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Stir_frying&action=history"><span>View history</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> General </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/Stir_frying" title="List of all English Wikipedia pages containing links to this page [j]" accesskey="j"><span>What links here</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:RecentChangesLinked/Stir_frying" rel="nofollow" title="Recent changes in pages linked from this page [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Related changes</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:File_Upload_Wizard" title="Upload files [u]" accesskey="u"><span>Upload file</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Stir_frying&oldid=1264616124" title="Permanent link to this revision of this page"><span>Permanent link</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Stir_frying&action=info" title="More information about this page"><span>Page information</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CiteThisPage&page=Stir_frying&id=1264616124&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Information on how to cite this page"><span>Cite this page</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FStir_frying"><span>Get shortened URL</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FStir_frying"><span>Download QR code</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Print/export </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:DownloadAsPdf&page=Stir_frying&action=show-download-screen" title="Download this page as a PDF file"><span>Download as PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Stir_frying&printable=yes" title="Printable version of this page [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Printable version</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> In other projects </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Stir_fry" hreflang="en"><span>Wikimedia Commons</span></a></li><li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibooks mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Cookbook:Stir-frying" hreflang="en"><span>Wikibooks</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q8980672" title="Structured data on this page hosted by Wikidata [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Wikidata item</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Appearance</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">hide</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Cooking technique</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">For the song by Migos, see <a href="/wiki/Stir_Fry_(song)" title="Stir Fry (song)">Stir Fry (song)</a>.</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Making_Stir-Fry_(3286445383).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Ingredients being fried in a wok" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/Making_Stir-Fry_%283286445383%29.jpg/220px-Making_Stir-Fry_%283286445383%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/Making_Stir-Fry_%283286445383%29.jpg/330px-Making_Stir-Fry_%283286445383%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/Making_Stir-Fry_%283286445383%29.jpg/440px-Making_Stir-Fry_%283286445383%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3072" data-file-height="2048" /></a><figcaption>Broccoli, mushrooms, <a href="/wiki/Beansprouts" class="mw-redirect" title="Beansprouts">beansprouts</a> and other ingredients being stir-fried in a <a href="/wiki/Wok" title="Wok">wok</a></figcaption></figure> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li:last-child::after{content:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:first-child::before{content:" (";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:last-child::after{content:")";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol{counter-reset:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li{counter-increment:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li::before{content:" "counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li ol>li:first-child::before{content:" ("counter(listitem)"\a0 "}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1246091330">.mw-parser-output .sidebar{width:22em;float:right;clear:right;margin:0.5em 0 1em 1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa);border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);padding:0.2em;text-align:center;line-height:1.4em;font-size:88%;border-collapse:collapse;display:table}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .sidebar{display:table!important;float:right!important;margin:0.5em 0 1em 1em!important}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-subgroup{width:100%;margin:0;border-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-left{float:left;clear:left;margin:0.5em 1em 1em 0}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-none{float:none;clear:both;margin:0.5em 1em 1em 0}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-outer-title{padding:0 0.4em 0.2em;font-size:125%;line-height:1.2em;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-top-image{padding:0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-top-caption,.mw-parser-output .sidebar-pretitle-with-top-image,.mw-parser-output .sidebar-caption{padding:0.2em 0.4em 0;line-height:1.2em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-pretitle{padding:0.4em 0.4em 0;line-height:1.2em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-title,.mw-parser-output .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{padding:0.2em 0.8em;font-size:145%;line-height:1.2em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{padding:0.1em 0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-image{padding:0.2em 0.4em 0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-heading{padding:0.1em 0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-content{padding:0 0.5em 0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-content-with-subgroup{padding:0.1em 0.4em 0.2em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-above,.mw-parser-output .sidebar-below{padding:0.3em 0.8em;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-collapse .sidebar-above,.mw-parser-output .sidebar-collapse .sidebar-below{border-top:1px solid #aaa;border-bottom:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-navbar{text-align:right;font-size:115%;padding:0 0.4em 0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-list-title{padding:0 0.4em;text-align:left;font-weight:bold;line-height:1.6em;font-size:105%}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-list-title-c{padding:0 0.4em;text-align:center;margin:0 3.3em}@media(max-width:640px){body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .sidebar{width:100%!important;clear:both;float:none!important;margin-left:0!important;margin-right:0!important}}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .sidebar a>img{max-width:none!important}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-list-title,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-list-title,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sidebar{display:none!important}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1264975439">.mw-parser-output .chinese-cuisine{border:1px solid red;background-color:#ffe9e5;color:inherit}.mw-parser-output .chinese-cuisine .sidebar-list-title{padding-right:3em;font-size:100%;background-color:inherit;color:inherit}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .chinese-cuisine{background-color:#3c1a13}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .chinese-cuisine{background-color:#3c1a13}}</style><table class="sidebar sidebar-collapse nomobile nowraplinks chinese-cuisine hlist"><tbody><tr><td class="sidebar-pretitle">Part of a series on</td></tr><tr><th class="sidebar-title-with-pretitle"><a href="/wiki/Chinese_cuisine" title="Chinese cuisine">Chinese cuisine</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:ChineseDishLogo.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/8d/ChineseDishLogo.png" decoding="async" width="136" height="80" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="136" data-file-height="80" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Chinese_regional_cuisine" title="Chinese regional cuisine">Regional cuisines</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"> <dl><dt><u>Four Great Traditions</u></dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sichuan_cuisine" title="Sichuan cuisine">Chuan (Sichuan)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shandong_cuisine" title="Shandong cuisine">Lu (Shandong)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cantonese_cuisine" title="Cantonese cuisine">Yue (Guangdong)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Huaiyang_cuisine" title="Huaiyang cuisine">Huaiyang (Jiangsu)</a></li></ul> <dl><dt><u>Eight Great Traditions</u><br /><small>(+all above)</small></dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anhui_cuisine" title="Anhui cuisine">Anhui</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fujian_cuisine" title="Fujian cuisine">Fujian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hunan_cuisine" title="Hunan cuisine">Hunan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhejiang_cuisine" title="Zhejiang cuisine">Zhejiang</a></li></ul> <dl><dt><u>Ten Great Traditions</u><br /><small>(+all above)</small></dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Beijing_cuisine" title="Beijing cuisine">Beijing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shanghai_cuisine" title="Shanghai cuisine">Shanghai</a></li></ul> <dl><dt><u>Twelve Great Traditions</u><br /><small>(+all above)</small></dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Henan_cuisine" title="Henan cuisine">Henan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shaanxi_cuisine" title="Shaanxi cuisine">Shaanxi</a></li></ul> <dl><dt><u>Fourteen Great Traditions</u><br /><small>(+all above)</small></dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hubei_cuisine" title="Hubei cuisine">Hubei</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liaoning_cuisine" title="Liaoning cuisine">Liaoning</a></li></ul> <dl><dt><u>Sixteen Great Traditions</u><br /><small>(+all above)</small></dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tianjin_cuisine" title="Tianjin cuisine">Tianjin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yunnan_cuisine" title="Yunnan cuisine">Yunnan</a></li></ul> <dl><dt><u>New Eight Great Traditions</u></dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gansu_cuisine" title="Gansu cuisine">Gansu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhejiang_cuisine#Style" title="Zhejiang cuisine">Hangzhou</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jilin_cuisine" title="Jilin cuisine">Jilin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liaoning_cuisine" title="Liaoning cuisine">Liaoning</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhejiang_cuisine#Style" title="Zhejiang cuisine">Ningbo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shaanxi_cuisine" title="Shaanxi cuisine">Shaanxi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shanghai_cuisine" title="Shanghai cuisine">Shanghai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shanxi_cuisine" title="Shanxi cuisine">Shanxi</a></li></ul> <dl><dt><u>Beijing and the vicinity</u></dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Beijing_cuisine" title="Beijing cuisine">Beijing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chinese_imperial_cuisine" title="Chinese imperial cuisine">Imperial</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chinese_aristocrat_cuisine" title="Chinese aristocrat cuisine">Aristocrat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tianjin_cuisine" title="Tianjin cuisine">Tianjin</a></li></ul> <dl><dt><u>Other regional styles</u></dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Teochew_cuisine" title="Teochew cuisine">Teochew</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guangxi_cuisine" title="Guangxi cuisine">Guangxi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guizhou_cuisine" title="Guizhou cuisine">Guizhou</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hainan_cuisine" title="Hainan cuisine">Hainan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haipai_cuisine" title="Haipai cuisine">Haipai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hakka_cuisine" title="Hakka cuisine">Hakka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hong_Kong_cuisine" title="Hong Kong cuisine">Hong Kong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jiangxi_cuisine" title="Jiangxi cuisine">Jiangxi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Macanese_cuisine" title="Macanese cuisine">Macanese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manchu_cuisine" title="Manchu cuisine">Manchu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northeastern_Chinese_cuisine" title="Northeastern Chinese cuisine">Northeastern</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Putian_cuisine" title="Putian cuisine">Putian (Henghwa)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qinghai_cuisine" title="Qinghai cuisine">Qinghai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taiwanese_cuisine" title="Taiwanese cuisine">Taiwan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tibetan_cuisine" title="Tibetan cuisine">Tibetan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xinjiang_cuisine" class="mw-redirect" title="Xinjiang cuisine">Xinjiang</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)">Overseas cuisine</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Australian_Chinese_cuisine" title="Australian Chinese cuisine">Australia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/British_Chinese_cuisine" title="British Chinese cuisine">Britain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Burmese_Chinese_cuisine" class="mw-redirect" title="Burmese Chinese cuisine">Burma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cambodian_Chinese_cuisine" title="Cambodian Chinese cuisine">Cambodia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canadian_Chinese_cuisine" title="Canadian Chinese cuisine">Canada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caribbean_Chinese_cuisine" title="Caribbean Chinese cuisine">Caribbean</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Filipino_Chinese_cuisine" title="Filipino Chinese cuisine">Philippines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indian_Chinese_cuisine" title="Indian Chinese cuisine">India</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chinese_Indonesian_cuisine" title="Chinese Indonesian cuisine">Indonesia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japanese_Chinese_cuisine" title="Japanese Chinese cuisine">Japan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chinese_Latin_American_cuisine" title="Chinese Latin American cuisine">Latin America</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chifa" title="Chifa">Perú</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Puerto_Rican_Chinese_cuisine" title="Puerto Rican Chinese cuisine">Puerto Rico</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Korean_Chinese_cuisine" title="Korean Chinese cuisine">Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malaysian_Chinese_cuisine" title="Malaysian Chinese cuisine">Malaysia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Zealand_Chinese_cuisine" title="New Zealand Chinese cuisine">New Zealand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pakistani_Chinese_cuisine" title="Pakistani Chinese cuisine">Pakistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Singaporean_cuisine#Chinese" title="Singaporean cuisine">Singapore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/American_Chinese_cuisine" title="American Chinese cuisine">United States</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)">Religious cuisines</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chinese_Buddhist_cuisine" class="mw-redirect" title="Chinese Buddhist cuisine">Buddhist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chinese_Islamic_cuisine" title="Chinese Islamic cuisine">Islamic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taoist_diet" title="Taoist diet">Taoist</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)">Ingredients and types of food</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Chinese_dishes" title="List of Chinese dishes">Main dishes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chinese_desserts" title="Chinese desserts">Desserts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chinese_noodles" title="Chinese noodles">Noodles</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Chinese_cooking_techniques" title="Chinese cooking techniques">Preparation and cooking</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Stir frying</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Double_steaming" title="Double steaming">Double steaming</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Red_cooking" title="Red cooking">Red cooking</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)">See also</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Customs_and_etiquette_in_Chinese_dining" title="Customs and etiquette in Chinese dining">Customs and etiquette</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Chinese_desserts" title="List of Chinese desserts">List of Chinese desserts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Chinese_dishes" title="List of Chinese dishes">List of Chinese dishes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Chinese_restaurants" title="List of Chinese restaurants">List of Chinese restaurants</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_restaurants_in_China" title="List of restaurants in China">List of restaurants in China</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-below plainlist"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Asia_(orthographic_projection).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Asia_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg/16px-Asia_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Asia_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg/24px-Asia_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Asia_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg/32px-Asia_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="541" data-file-height="541" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Asia" title="Portal:Asia">Asia portal</a></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/16px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/24px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/32px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:China" title="Portal:China">China portal</a></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Flag_of_the_Republic_of_China.svg/16px-Flag_of_the_Republic_of_China.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Flag_of_the_Republic_of_China.svg/24px-Flag_of_the_Republic_of_China.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Flag_of_the_Republic_of_China.svg/32px-Flag_of_the_Republic_of_China.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Taiwan" title="Portal:Taiwan">Taiwan portal</a></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Flag_of_Hong_Kong.svg/16px-Flag_of_Hong_Kong.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Flag_of_Hong_Kong.svg/24px-Flag_of_Hong_Kong.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Flag_of_Hong_Kong.svg/32px-Flag_of_Hong_Kong.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Hong_Kong" title="Portal:Hong Kong">Hong Kong portal</a></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Flag_of_Singapore.svg/16px-Flag_of_Singapore.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Flag_of_Singapore.svg/24px-Flag_of_Singapore.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Flag_of_Singapore.svg/32px-Flag_of_Singapore.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Singapore" title="Portal:Singapore">Singapore portal</a></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Flag_of_Malaysia.svg/16px-Flag_of_Malaysia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Flag_of_Malaysia.svg/24px-Flag_of_Malaysia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Flag_of_Malaysia.svg/32px-Flag_of_Malaysia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Malaysia" title="Portal:Malaysia">Malaysia portal</a></li></ul></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Chinese_cuisine" title="Template:Chinese cuisine"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Chinese_cuisine" title="Template talk:Chinese cuisine"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Chinese_cuisine" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Chinese cuisine"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Stir frying</b> (<a href="/wiki/Chinese_language" title="Chinese language">Chinese</a>: <span lang="zh"><a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E7%82%92" class="extiw" title="wikt:炒">炒</a></span>; <a href="/wiki/Pinyin" title="Pinyin">pinyin</a>: <i><span lang="zh-Latn">chǎo</span></i>; <a href="/wiki/Wade%E2%80%93Giles" title="Wade–Giles">Wade–Giles</a>: <i><span lang="zh-Latn-wadegile">ch'ao<sup>3</sup></span></i>; <a href="/wiki/Yale_romanization_of_Cantonese" title="Yale romanization of Cantonese">Cantonese Yale</a>: <i><span lang="yue-Latn">cháau</span></i>) is a <a href="/wiki/List_of_cooking_techniques" title="List of cooking techniques">cooking technique</a> in which ingredients are fried in a small amount of very hot oil while being stirred or tossed in a <a href="/wiki/Wok" title="Wok">wok</a>. The technique originated in <a href="/wiki/China" title="China">China</a> and in recent centuries has spread into other parts of Asia and the West. It is similar to <a href="/wiki/Saut%C3%A9" class="mw-redirect" title="Sauté">sautéing</a> in Western cooking technique. </p><p>Wok frying may have been used as early as the <a href="/wiki/Han_dynasty" title="Han dynasty">Han dynasty</a> (206 BC – 220 AD) for drying grain, not for cooking. It was not until the <a href="/wiki/Ming_dynasty" title="Ming dynasty">Ming dynasty</a> (1368–1644) that the wok reached its modern shape and allowed quick cooking in hot oil.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWilkinson2012459_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWilkinson2012459-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, there is research indicating that metal woks and stir-frying of dishes were already popular in the <a href="/wiki/Song_dynasty" title="Song dynasty">Song dynasty</a> (960–1279),<sup id="cite_ref-shine_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-shine-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and stir-frying as a cooking technique is mentioned in the 6th-century AD <a href="/wiki/Qimin_Yaoshu" title="Qimin Yaoshu">Qimin Yaoshu</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Stir frying has been recommended as a healthy and appealing method of preparing vegetables, meats, and fish, provided calories are kept at a reasonable level.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The English-language term "stir-fry" was coined and introduced in <a href="/wiki/Buwei_Yang_Chao" title="Buwei Yang Chao">Buwei Yang Chao</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/How_to_Cook_and_Eat_in_Chinese" title="How to Cook and Eat in Chinese">How to Cook and Eat in Chinese</a></i> (1945) to translate the Chinese term <i>chǎo</i> 炒.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Although using "stir-fry" as a noun is commonplace in English, in Chinese, <i>chǎo</i> is used as a verb or adjective only.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:2_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Stir_frying&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="In_China">In China</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Stir_frying&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: In China"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information: <a href="/wiki/History_of_Chinese_cuisine" title="History of Chinese cuisine">History of Chinese cuisine</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Stir_frying_Xi_Hu_Longjing.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/Stir_frying_Xi_Hu_Longjing.png/220px-Stir_frying_Xi_Hu_Longjing.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/Stir_frying_Xi_Hu_Longjing.png/330px-Stir_frying_Xi_Hu_Longjing.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/Stir_frying_Xi_Hu_Longjing.png/440px-Stir_frying_Xi_Hu_Longjing.png 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="600" /></a><figcaption>During the <a href="/wiki/Tang_dynasty" title="Tang dynasty">Tang dynasty</a> (618–907) <i>chao</i> referred to roasting tea leaves. Stir frying became a popular method for cooking food only later, during the <a href="/wiki/Ming_dynasty" title="Ming dynasty">Ming dynasty</a> (1368–1644).</figcaption></figure> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Chinese_characters" title="Chinese characters">Chinese character</a> 炒 is attested in <a href="/wiki/Chinese_bronze_inscriptions" title="Chinese bronze inscriptions">inscriptions on bronze vessels</a> from the <a href="/wiki/Eastern_Zhou" title="Eastern Zhou">Eastern Zhou</a> period (771–256 BC), but not in the sense of stir frying.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEInstitut_Ricci2001257_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEInstitut_Ricci2001257-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Dry stirring was used in the <a href="/wiki/Han_dynasty" title="Han dynasty">Han dynasty</a> (206 BC –  220 AD) to parch grain.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWilkinson2012459_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWilkinson2012459-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Although there are no surviving records of Han dynasty stir frying, archaeological evidence of <a href="/wiki/Wok" title="Wok">woks</a> and the tendency to slice food thinly indicate that the technique was likely used for cooking.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAnderson1988[httpsbooksgooglecombooksidBAcknxN_S8QCdqenandersonchinesecookingiscookingofscarcitypgPA182_188],_52_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAnderson1988[httpsbooksgooglecombooksidBAcknxN_S8QCdqenandersonchinesecookingiscookingofscarcitypgPA182_188],_52-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The term initially appears in the sense of "stir frying" in the <i><a href="/wiki/Qimin_Yaoshu" title="Qimin Yaoshu">Qimin Yaoshu</a></i> (齊民要術), a sixth-century agricultural manual, including in a <a href="/wiki/Recipe" title="Recipe">recipe</a> for <a href="/wiki/Scrambled_eggs" title="Scrambled eggs">scrambled eggs</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In sources from the <a href="/wiki/Tang_dynasty" title="Tang dynasty">Tang dynasty</a> (618–907), <i>chao</i> refers not to a cooking technique, but to a method for <a href="/wiki/Tea_processing" title="Tea processing">roasting tea leaves</a>. It reappears as a cooking method in a dozen recipes from the <a href="/wiki/Song_dynasty" title="Song dynasty">Song dynasty</a> (960–1279). The Song period is when the Chinese started to use <a href="/wiki/Vegetable_oil" title="Vegetable oil">vegetable oil</a> for frying instead of <a href="/wiki/Animal_fat" title="Animal fat">animal fats</a>. Until then, vegetable oil had been used chiefly in lamps.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWilkinson2012459_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWilkinson2012459-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Historically, stir frying was not as important a technique as <a href="/wiki/Boiling#In_cooking" title="Boiling">boiling</a> or <a href="/wiki/Steaming" title="Steaming">steaming</a>, since the oil needed for stir frying was expensive. The technique became increasingly popular in the late <a href="/wiki/Ming_dynasty" title="Ming dynasty">Ming dynasty</a> (1368–1644),<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTENewman20045_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTENewman20045-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> in part because the wood and charcoal used to fire stoves were becoming increasingly expensive near urban centers, and stir-frying could cook food quickly without wasting fuel.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAnderson1988[httpsbooksgooglecombooksidBAcknxN_S8QCdqenandersonchinesecookingiscookingofscarcitypgPA182_188]_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAnderson1988[httpsbooksgooglecombooksidBAcknxN_S8QCdqenandersonchinesecookingiscookingofscarcitypgPA182_188]-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> "The increasingly commercial nature of city life" in the late Ming and <a href="/wiki/Qing_dynasty" title="Qing dynasty">Qing</a> (1644–1912) periods also favored speedy methods.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWilkinson2012459_1-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWilkinson2012459-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> But even as stir frying became an important method in Chinese cuisine, it did not replace other cooking techniques. For instance, "only five or six of over 100 recipes recorded in the sixteenth-century novel <i><a href="/wiki/Jin_Ping_Mei" title="Jin Ping Mei">Jin Ping Mei</a></i> are stir fry recipes and wok dishes accounted for only 16 percent of the recipes in the most famous eighteenth century recipe book, the <i><a href="/wiki/Suiyuan_shidan" class="mw-redirect" title="Suiyuan shidan">Suiyuan shidan</a></i>".<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWilkinson2012459_1-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWilkinson2012459-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>By the late Qing, most Chinese kitchens were equipped with a <a href="/wiki/Wok#Wok_stoves" title="Wok">wok range</a> (<i>chaozao</i> 炒灶 or <i>paotai zao</i> 炮臺灶) convenient for stir-frying because it had a large hole in the middle to insert the bottom of a wok into the flames.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWilkinson2012459_1-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWilkinson2012459-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="In_the_West">In the West</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Stir_frying&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: In the West"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Stir frying was brought to America by early <a href="/wiki/Chinese_American" class="mw-redirect" title="Chinese American">Chinese immigrants</a>, and has been used in non-Asian cuisine.<sup id="cite_ref-Smith_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Smith-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The term "stir fry" as a translation for "chao" was coined in the 1945 book <i>How To Cook and Eat in Chinese</i>, by Buwei Yang Chao. The book told the reader: </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1244412712">.mw-parser-output .templatequote{overflow:hidden;margin:1em 0;padding:0 32px}.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{line-height:1.5em;text-align:left;margin-top:0}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{padding-left:1.6em}}</style><blockquote class="templatequote"><p>Roughly speaking, <i>ch'ao</i> may be defined as a big-fire-shallow-fat-continual-stirring-quick-frying of cut-up material with wet seasoning. We shall call it 'stir-fry' or 'stir' for short. The nearest to this in western cooking is <i>sauté</i>. ... Because stir-frying has such critical timing and is done so quickly, it can be called 'blitz-cooking.'<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p></blockquote> <p>Although using the term "stir-fry" as a noun is commonplace in English, in Chinese, the word 炒 (chǎo) is used as a verb or adjective only.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:2_8-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the West, stir frying spread from Chinese family and restaurant kitchens into general use. One popular cookbook noted that in the "health-conscious 1970s" suddenly it seemed that "everyone was buying a wok, and stir frying remained popular because it was quick." Many families had difficulty fitting a family <a href="/wiki/Dinner" title="Dinner">dinner</a> into their crowded schedules but found that stir-fried dishes could be prepared in as little as fifteen minutes.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Technique">Technique</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Stir_frying&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Technique"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Broadly speaking, there are two primary techniques: <i>chao</i> and <i>bao</i>. Both techniques use high heat, but <i>chao</i> adds a liquid and the ingredients are softer, whereas <i>bao</i> stir fries are more <a href="/wiki/Crispiness" title="Crispiness">crispy</a> because of the <a href="/wiki/Maillard_reaction" title="Maillard reaction">Maillard reaction</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKlosse2010131–132_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKlosse2010131–132-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Chao_technique"><i>Chao</i> technique</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Stir_frying&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Chao technique"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Stir_fry_%C3%A0_la_Gabi-showcasingbabycorn.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/Stir_fry_%C3%A0_la_Gabi-showcasingbabycorn.jpg/220px-Stir_fry_%C3%A0_la_Gabi-showcasingbabycorn.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="210" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/Stir_fry_%C3%A0_la_Gabi-showcasingbabycorn.jpg/330px-Stir_fry_%C3%A0_la_Gabi-showcasingbabycorn.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/Stir_fry_%C3%A0_la_Gabi-showcasingbabycorn.jpg/440px-Stir_fry_%C3%A0_la_Gabi-showcasingbabycorn.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2048" data-file-height="1957" /></a><figcaption>Ingredients are typically added in succession after cooking oil has been applied onto a hot pan. The ingredients that take longest to cook, like meat or <a href="/wiki/Tofu" title="Tofu">tofu</a>, are added first.</figcaption></figure> <p>The <i>chao</i> (炒) technique is similar to the Western technique of <a href="/wiki/Saut%C3%A9ing" title="Sautéing">sautéing</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> There are regional variations in the amount and type of oil, the ratio of oil to other liquids, the combinations of ingredients, the use of hot peppers, and such, but the same basic procedure is followed in all parts of the country. </p><p>First the <a href="/wiki/Wok" title="Wok">wok</a> is heated to a high temperature, and just as or before it smokes, a small amount of cooking oil is added down the side of the wok (a traditional expression is 热锅冷油 "hot wok, cold oil") followed by dry seasonings such as <a href="/wiki/Ginger" title="Ginger">ginger</a>, <a href="/wiki/Garlic" title="Garlic">garlic</a>, <a href="/wiki/Scallion" title="Scallion">scallions</a>, or <a href="/wiki/Shallot" title="Shallot">shallots</a>. The seasonings are tossed with a spatula until they are <a href="/wiki/Fragrant" class="mw-redirect" title="Fragrant">fragrant</a>, then other ingredients are added, beginning with the ones taking the longest to cook, such as meat or <a href="/wiki/Tofu" title="Tofu">tofu</a>. When the meat and vegetables are nearly cooked, combinations of <a href="/wiki/Soy_sauce" title="Soy sauce">soy sauce</a>, vinegar, wine, salt, or sugar may be added, along with thickeners such as cornstarch, <a href="/wiki/Water_chestnut" title="Water chestnut">water chestnut</a> flour, or <a href="/wiki/Arrowroot" title="Arrowroot">arrowroot</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTENewman200473,_90,_93,_95_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTENewman200473,_90,_93,_95-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>A single ingredient, especially a vegetable, may be stir-fried without the step of adding another ingredient, or two or more ingredients may be stir-fried to make a single dish. Although large leaf vegetables, such as cabbage or spinach, do not need to be cut into small pieces, for dishes which combine ingredients, they should all be cut to roughly the same size and shape. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Wok_hei"><i>Wok hei</i></h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Stir_frying&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Wok hei"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Wok#Wok_hei" title="Wok">Wok § Wok hei</a></div> <p><i>Wok hei</i> (simplified Chinese: <span lang="zh-Hans">镬气</span>; traditional Chinese: <span lang="zh-Hant">鑊氣</span>; Jyutping: <i><span lang="yue-Latn-jyutping">wok<sup>6</sup> hei<sup>3</sup></span></i>) <a href="/wiki/Romanization" title="Romanization">romanization</a> is based on the <a href="/wiki/Cantonese_Chinese" class="mw-redirect" title="Cantonese Chinese">Cantonese Chinese</a> pronunciation of the phrase; when literally translated into English, it can be translated as "wok <a href="/wiki/Thermal_radiation" title="Thermal radiation">thermal radiation</a>"<sup id="cite_ref-YOU_20-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-YOU-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-WOKH_21-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-WOKH-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> or, metaphorically, as the "breath of the wok". The phrase "breath of a wok" is a poetic translation Grace Young first coined in her cookbook <i>The Wisdom of the Chinese Kitchen</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In her book, <i>The Breath of a Wok</i>, Young further explores the ideas and concepts of <i>wok hei</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> An essay called "Wok Hay: The Breath of a Wok" explains how the definition of <i>wok hei</i> varies from cook to cook and how difficult it is to translate the term. Some define it as the "taste of the wok," a "harmony of taste," etc.: "I think of wok hay as the breath of a wok—when a wok breathes energy into a stir-fry, giving foods a unique concentrated flavor and aroma."<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>When read in Mandarin, the second character is transliterated as <i><a href="/wiki/Qi" title="Qi">qi</a></i> (<i>ch'i</i> according to its <a href="/wiki/Wade-Giles" class="mw-redirect" title="Wade-Giles">Wade-Giles</a> romanization, so <i>wok hei</i> is sometimes rendered as <i>wok chi</i> in Western cookbooks) is the <a href="/wiki/Flavour_(taste)" class="mw-redirect" title="Flavour (taste)">flavour</a>, <a href="/wiki/Taste" title="Taste">tastes</a>, and "essence" imparted by a hot wok on food during stir frying.<sup id="cite_ref-YOU_20-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-YOU-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Out of the <a href="/wiki/Eight_Cuisines_of_China" class="mw-redirect" title="Eight Cuisines of China">Eight Culinary Traditions of China</a>, wok hei is encountered the most in <a href="/wiki/Cantonese_cuisine" title="Cantonese cuisine">Cantonese cuisine</a>, whereas it may not even be an accepted concept in some of the others. </p><p>To impart <i>wok hei</i> the traditional way, the food is cooked in a seasoned wok over a high flame while being stirred and tossed quickly.<sup id="cite_ref-YOU_20-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-YOU-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The distinct taste of <i>wok hei</i> is partially imbued into the metal of the wok itself from previous cooking sessions and brought out again when cooking over high heat.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (December 2024)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> In practical terms, the flavour imparted by chemical compounds results from <a href="/wiki/Caramelization" title="Caramelization">caramelization</a>, <a href="/wiki/Maillard_reaction" title="Maillard reaction">Maillard reactions</a>, and the partial combustion of oil that come from charring and searing of the food at very high heat in excess of 200 °C (392 °F).<sup id="cite_ref-WOKH_21-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-WOKH-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Aside from flavour, <i>wok hei</i> also manifests itself in the texture and smell of the cooked items. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Bao_technique"><i>Bao</i> technique</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Stir_frying&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Bao technique"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Wok_cooking.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Wok_cooking.jpg/250px-Wok_cooking.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="167" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Wok_cooking.jpg/375px-Wok_cooking.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Wok_cooking.jpg/500px-Wok_cooking.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="686" /></a><figcaption><i>Bao</i> stir frying involves high heat combined with continuous tossing. This keeps juices from flowing out of the ingredients and keeps the food crispy.</figcaption></figure> <p>In the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries, the <i>bao</i> technique (<a href="/wiki/Chinese_language" title="Chinese language">Chinese</a>: <span lang="zh"><a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E7%88%86" class="extiw" title="wikt:爆">爆</a></span>; <a href="/wiki/Pinyin" title="Pinyin">pinyin</a>: <i><span lang="zh-Latn">bào</span></i>; <abbr title="Literal translation"><small>lit.</small></abbr> 'pop', 'explosion') of stir-frying on a high flame was typical of cuisine from the northern Chinese province of <a href="/wiki/Shandong" title="Shandong">Shandong</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWilkinson2012459_1-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWilkinson2012459-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The wok is first heated to a dull red glow over a high fire. The oil, seasonings, and meats are then added in rapid succession. The food is continually tossed, stopping only to add other ingredients such as broths, vegetables, or more seasonings. The purpose of <i>bao</i> is to highlight natural tastes, so minimal seasoning is added.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_27-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Because of the high heat, <i>bao</i> is ideal for small amounts of food that cook quickly, so the juices do not flow out of the items.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKlosse2010131_28-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKlosse2010131-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Meat is coated with egg white or starch in order to contain the juices.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_27-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> When the food is cooked it is poured and ladled out of the wok. The wok must then be quickly rinsed to prevent food residues from charring and burning to the wok bottom because of residual heat. </p><p>A larger amount of cooking fat with a high <a href="/wiki/Smoke_point" title="Smoke point">smoke point</a>, such as refined plant oils, is often used in <i>bao</i>. The main ingredients are usually cut into smaller pieces to aid in cooking. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Effects_on_nutritional_value">Effects on nutritional value</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Stir_frying&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Effects on nutritional value"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Cantonese_stir-fried_kai-lan.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/Cantonese_stir-fried_kai-lan.jpg/220px-Cantonese_stir-fried_kai-lan.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/Cantonese_stir-fried_kai-lan.jpg/330px-Cantonese_stir-fried_kai-lan.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/Cantonese_stir-fried_kai-lan.jpg/440px-Cantonese_stir-fried_kai-lan.jpg 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="333" /></a><figcaption>Stir frying can affect the <a href="/wiki/Nutritional_value" title="Nutritional value">nutritional value</a> of vegetables. Fat content is increased because of the additional oil, and <a href="/wiki/Antioxidative" class="mw-redirect" title="Antioxidative">anti-oxidants</a> are preserved better than by boiling.</figcaption></figure> <p>Writers extol the quick cooking at high heat for retaining color, texture, and nutritional value.<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> One study compared the effects of boiling, steaming, and stir frying on <a href="/wiki/Bamboo_shoot" title="Bamboo shoot">bamboo shoots</a>. Boiling and steaming decreased the amount of <a href="/wiki/Protein_(nutrient)" class="mw-redirect" title="Protein (nutrient)">protein</a>, soluble sugar, ash, and total free <a href="/wiki/Amino_acid" title="Amino acid">amino acids</a> by more than one-third. Stir-frying bamboo shoots increased their fat content by 528.57% due to the addition of oil. With 78.9% retention, stir frying preserved significantly more <a href="/wiki/Vitamin_C" title="Vitamin C">vitamin C</a> than boiling. Taking into consideration the total retention of nutrients, the study concluded that stir frying is the method best suited for bamboo shoots.<sup id="cite_ref-BAMBOO_31-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BAMBOO-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Similar results were found for stir frying red peppers.<sup id="cite_ref-PEPPER_32-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-PEPPER-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Another study examined the nutritional value of broccoli after five common cooking techniques: steaming, boiling, microwaving, stir-frying and stir-frying followed by deep frying. The study found that the two most common methods of home cooking in China, stir-frying and stir-frying combined with deep frying in <a href="/wiki/Soybean_oil" title="Soybean oil">soybean oil</a>, resulted in a much greater loss of <a href="/wiki/Chlorophyll" title="Chlorophyll">chlorophyll</a>, soluble protein, soluble sugar and vitamin C. The method which affected these values the least was steaming. Stir frying for five minutes and stir frying combined with boiling caused the highest loss of <a href="/wiki/Glucosinolate" title="Glucosinolate">glucosinolates</a>, which according to this study are best preserved by steaming.<sup id="cite_ref-NURTI_33-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NURTI-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A study performed by the Spanish National Research Counsel stir-fried the broccoli for only three minutes and thirty seconds and found that nutritional value of these broccoli samples varied depending on which cooking oil was used. Comparing these results to an uncooked sample, the study found that phenolics and vitamin C were reduced more than glucosinolates and minerals. Stir-frying with soybean, peanut, safflower or extra virgin olive oil did not reduce <a href="/wiki/Glucosinolates" class="mw-redirect" title="Glucosinolates">glucosinolates</a>, and broccoli stir-fried with <a href="/wiki/Extra_virgin_olive_oil" class="mw-redirect" title="Extra virgin olive oil">extra virgin olive oil</a> or <a href="/wiki/Sunflower_oil" title="Sunflower oil">sunflower oil</a> had <a href="/wiki/Vitamin_C" title="Vitamin C">vitamin C</a> levels similar to uncooked <a href="/wiki/Broccoli" title="Broccoli">broccoli</a>. These levels were significantly lower with other edible <a href="/wiki/Oil" title="Oil">oils</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-EFFBROC_34-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-EFFBROC-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Stir frying is not without <a href="/wiki/Health" title="Health">health</a> <a href="/wiki/Risk" title="Risk">risks</a>. Recent studies show that <a href="/wiki/Heterocyclic_amines" class="mw-redirect" title="Heterocyclic amines">heterocyclic amines</a> and <a href="/wiki/Polycyclic_aromatic_hydrocarbons" class="mw-redirect" title="Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons">polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons</a> are formed by stir frying <a href="/wiki/Meat" title="Meat">meat</a> at very high <a href="/wiki/Temperature" title="Temperature">temperatures</a>. These chemicals may cause <a href="/wiki/DNA" title="DNA">DNA</a> changes that may contribute to increased risk of <a href="/wiki/Cancer" title="Cancer">cancer</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Uses_in_traditional_medicine">Uses in traditional medicine</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Stir_frying&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Uses in traditional medicine"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The process of stir-frying is used in the preparation of some <a href="/wiki/Chinese_herbology" title="Chinese herbology">Chinese herbal medicines</a> under the term 'dry-frying'. Stir frying a medical herb with honey is commonly used to increase its sweetness and therefore its spleen and stomach <a href="/wiki/Qi" title="Qi">qi</a> tonic effects. Stir frying in <a href="/wiki/Vinegar" title="Vinegar">vinegar</a> is typically used whenever one wants to direct the properties of an herb more to the liver based on the principle that the sour taste belongs to the liver.<sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> There is no scientific evidence for any of these medicinal claims. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Stir-fried_dishes">Stir-fried dishes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Stir_frying&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Stir-fried dishes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-packed"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 162px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 160px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Stir_fried_pea_sprouts.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Stir-fried pea sprouts"><img alt="Stir-fried pea sprouts" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/Stir_fried_pea_sprouts.jpg/240px-Stir_fried_pea_sprouts.jpg" decoding="async" width="160" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/Stir_fried_pea_sprouts.jpg/360px-Stir_fried_pea_sprouts.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/Stir_fried_pea_sprouts.jpg/480px-Stir_fried_pea_sprouts.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2560" data-file-height="1920" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Stir-fried pea <a href="/wiki/Edible_sprouts" class="mw-redirect" title="Edible sprouts">sprouts</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 148px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 146px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Nakji-bokkeum,_Stir-Fried_Octopus.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Stir-fried octopus"><img alt="Stir-fried octopus" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Nakji-bokkeum%2C_Stir-Fried_Octopus.jpg/219px-Nakji-bokkeum%2C_Stir-Fried_Octopus.jpg" decoding="async" width="146" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Nakji-bokkeum%2C_Stir-Fried_Octopus.jpg/329px-Nakji-bokkeum%2C_Stir-Fried_Octopus.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Nakji-bokkeum%2C_Stir-Fried_Octopus.jpg/439px-Nakji-bokkeum%2C_Stir-Fried_Octopus.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="821" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Stir-fried <a href="/wiki/Octopus" title="Octopus">octopus</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 162px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 160px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Baingan_Patiala.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="Stir-fried eggplant"><img alt="Stir-fried eggplant" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Baingan_Patiala.JPG/240px-Baingan_Patiala.JPG" decoding="async" width="160" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Baingan_Patiala.JPG/360px-Baingan_Patiala.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Baingan_Patiala.JPG/480px-Baingan_Patiala.JPG 2x" data-file-width="4896" data-file-height="3672" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Stir-fried <a href="/wiki/Eggplant" title="Eggplant">eggplant</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 178.66666666667px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 176.66666666667px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Stired-fried_Razor_Clams_with_Black_Beans_and_Pepper.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Stir fried razor clams"><img alt="Stir fried razor clams" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/Stired-fried_Razor_Clams_with_Black_Beans_and_Pepper.jpg/265px-Stired-fried_Razor_Clams_with_Black_Beans_and_Pepper.jpg" decoding="async" width="177" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/Stired-fried_Razor_Clams_with_Black_Beans_and_Pepper.jpg/397px-Stired-fried_Razor_Clams_with_Black_Beans_and_Pepper.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/Stired-fried_Razor_Clams_with_Black_Beans_and_Pepper.jpg/529px-Stired-fried_Razor_Clams_with_Black_Beans_and_Pepper.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2134" data-file-height="1452" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Stir fried <a href="/wiki/Razor_clam" title="Razor clam">razor clams</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 122px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 120px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Pla_duk_phat_phet_01.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Catfish stir fried in a spicy curry paste"><img alt="Catfish stir fried in a spicy curry paste" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/Pla_duk_phat_phet_01.jpg/180px-Pla_duk_phat_phet_01.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/Pla_duk_phat_phet_01.jpg/270px-Pla_duk_phat_phet_01.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/Pla_duk_phat_phet_01.jpg/360px-Pla_duk_phat_phet_01.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2560" data-file-height="2560" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Catfish stir fried in a spicy <a href="/wiki/Curry" title="Curry">curry</a> paste</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 182.66666666667px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 180.66666666667px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Korean_cuisine-Kkomjangeo_bokkeum-01.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Korean stir-fried inshore hagfish"><img alt="Korean stir-fried inshore hagfish" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/Korean_cuisine-Kkomjangeo_bokkeum-01.jpg/271px-Korean_cuisine-Kkomjangeo_bokkeum-01.jpg" decoding="async" width="181" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/Korean_cuisine-Kkomjangeo_bokkeum-01.jpg/406px-Korean_cuisine-Kkomjangeo_bokkeum-01.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/Korean_cuisine-Kkomjangeo_bokkeum-01.jpg/542px-Korean_cuisine-Kkomjangeo_bokkeum-01.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1504" data-file-height="1000" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Korean stir-fried <a href="/wiki/Inshore_hagfish" title="Inshore hagfish">inshore hagfish</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 179.33333333333px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 177.33333333333px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Stir-fry_spinach_with_tofu_-_Golden_white_jade_and_Green_Parrot_(%E8%8F%A0%E8%8F%9C%E7%82%92%E8%B1%86%E8%85%90_-_%E9%87%91%E9%91%B2%E7%99%BD%E7%8E%89%E6%9D%BF%EF%BC%8C%E7%B4%85%E5%98%B4%E7%B6%A0%E9%B8%9A%E5%93%A5)(2).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Chinese-style stir-fried spinach with tofu"><img alt="Chinese-style stir-fried spinach with tofu" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d8/Stir-fry_spinach_with_tofu_-_Golden_white_jade_and_Green_Parrot_%28%E8%8F%A0%E8%8F%9C%E7%82%92%E8%B1%86%E8%85%90_-_%E9%87%91%E9%91%B2%E7%99%BD%E7%8E%89%E6%9D%BF%EF%BC%8C%E7%B4%85%E5%98%B4%E7%B6%A0%E9%B8%9A%E5%93%A5%29%282%29.jpg/266px-Stir-fry_spinach_with_tofu_-_Golden_white_jade_and_Green_Parrot_%28%E8%8F%A0%E8%8F%9C%E7%82%92%E8%B1%86%E8%85%90_-_%E9%87%91%E9%91%B2%E7%99%BD%E7%8E%89%E6%9D%BF%EF%BC%8C%E7%B4%85%E5%98%B4%E7%B6%A0%E9%B8%9A%E5%93%A5%29%282%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="178" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d8/Stir-fry_spinach_with_tofu_-_Golden_white_jade_and_Green_Parrot_%28%E8%8F%A0%E8%8F%9C%E7%82%92%E8%B1%86%E8%85%90_-_%E9%87%91%E9%91%B2%E7%99%BD%E7%8E%89%E6%9D%BF%EF%BC%8C%E7%B4%85%E5%98%B4%E7%B6%A0%E9%B8%9A%E5%93%A5%29%282%29.jpg/400px-Stir-fry_spinach_with_tofu_-_Golden_white_jade_and_Green_Parrot_%28%E8%8F%A0%E8%8F%9C%E7%82%92%E8%B1%86%E8%85%90_-_%E9%87%91%E9%91%B2%E7%99%BD%E7%8E%89%E6%9D%BF%EF%BC%8C%E7%B4%85%E5%98%B4%E7%B6%A0%E9%B8%9A%E5%93%A5%29%282%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d8/Stir-fry_spinach_with_tofu_-_Golden_white_jade_and_Green_Parrot_%28%E8%8F%A0%E8%8F%9C%E7%82%92%E8%B1%86%E8%85%90_-_%E9%87%91%E9%91%B2%E7%99%BD%E7%8E%89%E6%9D%BF%EF%BC%8C%E7%B4%85%E5%98%B4%E7%B6%A0%E9%B8%9A%E5%93%A5%29%282%29.jpg/533px-Stir-fry_spinach_with_tofu_-_Golden_white_jade_and_Green_Parrot_%28%E8%8F%A0%E8%8F%9C%E7%82%92%E8%B1%86%E8%85%90_-_%E9%87%91%E9%91%B2%E7%99%BD%E7%8E%89%E6%9D%BF%EF%BC%8C%E7%B4%85%E5%98%B4%E7%B6%A0%E9%B8%9A%E5%93%A5%29%282%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2038" data-file-height="1378" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Chinese-style stir-fried spinach with tofu</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 208px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 206px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Ginger_and_Onion_Beef_%E8%96%91%E8%94%A5%E7%89%9B%E8%82%89_(Golden_Dynasty_Chinese_Restaurant).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Chinese stir-fried ginger and onion beef"><img alt="Chinese stir-fried ginger and onion beef" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Ginger_and_Onion_Beef_%E8%96%91%E8%94%A5%E7%89%9B%E8%82%89_%28Golden_Dynasty_Chinese_Restaurant%29.jpg/309px-Ginger_and_Onion_Beef_%E8%96%91%E8%94%A5%E7%89%9B%E8%82%89_%28Golden_Dynasty_Chinese_Restaurant%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="206" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Ginger_and_Onion_Beef_%E8%96%91%E8%94%A5%E7%89%9B%E8%82%89_%28Golden_Dynasty_Chinese_Restaurant%29.jpg/463px-Ginger_and_Onion_Beef_%E8%96%91%E8%94%A5%E7%89%9B%E8%82%89_%28Golden_Dynasty_Chinese_Restaurant%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Ginger_and_Onion_Beef_%E8%96%91%E8%94%A5%E7%89%9B%E8%82%89_%28Golden_Dynasty_Chinese_Restaurant%29.jpg/618px-Ginger_and_Onion_Beef_%E8%96%91%E8%94%A5%E7%89%9B%E8%82%89_%28Golden_Dynasty_Chinese_Restaurant%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2319" data-file-height="1352" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Chinese stir-fried ginger and onion beef</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 215.33333333333px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 213.33333333333px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Stir-fried_Water_Convolvulus_(%E7%82%92%E7%A9%BA%E5%BF%83%E8%8F%9C).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Stir-fried water convolvulus (Ipomoea aquatica)"><img alt="Stir-fried water convolvulus (Ipomoea aquatica)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Stir-fried_Water_Convolvulus_%28%E7%82%92%E7%A9%BA%E5%BF%83%E8%8F%9C%29.jpg/320px-Stir-fried_Water_Convolvulus_%28%E7%82%92%E7%A9%BA%E5%BF%83%E8%8F%9C%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="214" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Stir-fried_Water_Convolvulus_%28%E7%82%92%E7%A9%BA%E5%BF%83%E8%8F%9C%29.jpg/480px-Stir-fried_Water_Convolvulus_%28%E7%82%92%E7%A9%BA%E5%BF%83%E8%8F%9C%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Stir-fried_Water_Convolvulus_%28%E7%82%92%E7%A9%BA%E5%BF%83%E8%8F%9C%29.jpg/640px-Stir-fried_Water_Convolvulus_%28%E7%82%92%E7%A9%BA%E5%BF%83%E8%8F%9C%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2560" data-file-height="1440" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Stir-fried water convolvulus (<i><a href="/wiki/Ipomoea_aquatica" title="Ipomoea aquatica">Ipomoea aquatica</a></i>)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 215.33333333333px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 213.33333333333px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Stir-fried_spinach_and_ground_pork(1).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Stir-fried spinach and garlic"><img alt="Stir-fried spinach and garlic" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1d/Stir-fried_spinach_and_ground_pork%281%29.jpg/320px-Stir-fried_spinach_and_ground_pork%281%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="214" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1d/Stir-fried_spinach_and_ground_pork%281%29.jpg/480px-Stir-fried_spinach_and_ground_pork%281%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1d/Stir-fried_spinach_and_ground_pork%281%29.jpg/640px-Stir-fried_spinach_and_ground_pork%281%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2560" data-file-height="1440" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Stir-fried spinach and garlic</div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Stir_frying&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1266661725">.mw-parser-output .portalbox{padding:0;margin:0.5em 0;display:table;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:175px;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portalborder{border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);padding:0.1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa)}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-entry{display:table-row;font-size:85%;line-height:110%;height:1.9em;font-style:italic;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-image{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-link{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em 0.2em 0.2em 0.3em;vertical-align:middle}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .portalleft{margin:0.5em 1em 0.5em 0}.mw-parser-output .portalright{clear:right;float:right;margin:0.5em 0 0.5em 1em}}</style><ul role="navigation" aria-label="Portals" class="noprint portalbox portalborder portalright"> <li class="portalbox-entry"><span class="portalbox-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/One_chef%27s_hat.png/28px-One_chef%27s_hat.png" decoding="async" width="28" height="28" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/One_chef%27s_hat.png/41px-One_chef%27s_hat.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/One_chef%27s_hat.png/55px-One_chef%27s_hat.png 2x" data-file-width="295" data-file-height="299" /></span></span></span><span class="portalbox-link"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Cooking" class="mw-redirect" title="Portal:Cooking">Cooking portal</a></span></li><li class="portalbox-entry"><span class="portalbox-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Foodlogo2.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Foodlogo2.svg/32px-Foodlogo2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="32" height="23" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Foodlogo2.svg/48px-Foodlogo2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Foodlogo2.svg/64px-Foodlogo2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="146" data-file-height="106" /></a></span></span><span class="portalbox-link"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Food" title="Portal:Food">Food portal</a></span></li><li class="portalbox-entry"><span class="portalbox-image"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/32px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png" decoding="async" width="32" height="21" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/48px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/64px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span></span><span class="portalbox-link"><a href="/wiki/Portal:China" title="Portal:China">China portal</a></span></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_cooking_techniques" title="List of cooking techniques">List of cooking techniques</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Bokkeum" title="Bokkeum">Bokkeum</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pan_frying" title="Pan frying">Pan frying</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saut%C3%A9ing" title="Sautéing">Sautéing</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Stir_frying&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEWilkinson2012459-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWilkinson2012459_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWilkinson2012459_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWilkinson2012459_1-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWilkinson2012459_1-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWilkinson2012459_1-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWilkinson2012459_1-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWilkinson2012459_1-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFWilkinson2012">Wilkinson 2012</a>, p. 459.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-shine-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-shine_2-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFAnlan2018" class="citation web cs1">Anlan, Li (14 September 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.shine.cn/feature/taste/1809142143/">"Ancient utensils were not just for cooking food"</a>. <i>SHINE</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 November</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=SHINE&rft.atitle=Ancient+utensils+were+not+just+for+cooking+food&rft.date=2018-09-14&rft.aulast=Anlan&rft.aufirst=Li&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.shine.cn%2Ffeature%2Ftaste%2F1809142143%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AStir+frying" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ctee.com.tw/bookstore/selection/186576.html">"叫外賣、逛夜市宋朝人一日三餐"</a>. 8 December 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%E5%8F%AB%E5%A4%96%E8%B3%A3%E3%80%81%E9%80%9B%E5%A4%9C%E5%B8%82+%E5%AE%8B%E6%9C%9D%E4%BA%BA%E4%B8%80%E6%97%A5%E4%B8%89%E9%A4%90&rft.date=2019-12-08&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fctee.com.tw%2Fbookstore%2Fselection%2F186576.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AStir+frying" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a class="external text" href="https://zh.wikisource.org/zh-hant/%E9%BD%8A%E6%B0%91%E8%A6%81%E8%A1%93/%E5%8D%B7%E7%AC%AC%E5%85%AD">"齊民要術/卷第六 - 維基文庫，自由的圖書館"</a>. <i>zh.wikisource.org</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">11 March</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=zh.wikisource.org&rft.atitle=%E9%BD%8A%E6%B0%91%E8%A6%81%E8%A1%93%2F%E5%8D%B7%E7%AC%AC%E5%85%AD+-+%E7%B6%AD%E5%9F%BA%E6%96%87%E5%BA%AB%EF%BC%8C%E8%87%AA%E7%94%B1%E7%9A%84%E5%9C%96%E6%9B%B8%E9%A4%A8&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fzh.wikisource.org%2Fzh-hant%2F%25E9%25BD%258A%25E6%25B0%2591%25E8%25A6%2581%25E8%25A1%2593%2F%25E5%258D%25B7%25E7%25AC%25AC%25E5%2585%25AD&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AStir+frying" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Foreword, <a href="/wiki/Paul_Dudley_White" title="Paul Dudley White">Paul Dudley White</a> in <a href="#CITEREFChen1962">Chen 1962</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFChao1945">Chao 1945</a>, pp. 43–44</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:1-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:1_7-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:1_7-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dict.concised.moe.edu.tw/dictView.jsp?ID=31802&q=1">"辭典檢視 - 教育部《國語辭典簡編本》2021"</a>. <i>dict.concised.moe.edu.tw</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">31 December</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=dict.concised.moe.edu.tw&rft.atitle=%E8%BE%AD%E5%85%B8%E6%AA%A2%E8%A6%96+-+%E6%95%99%E8%82%B2%E9%83%A8%E3%80%8A%E5%9C%8B%E8%AA%9E%E8%BE%AD%E5%85%B8%E7%B0%A1%E7%B7%A8%E6%9C%AC%E3%80%8B2021&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdict.concised.moe.edu.tw%2FdictView.jsp%3FID%3D31802%26q%3D1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AStir+frying" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:2-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:2_8-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:2_8-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.yellowbridge.com/chinese/dictionary.php?word=%E7%82%92">"What is 炒 in English Translation? Mandarin Chinese-English Dictionary & Thesaurus - YellowBridge"</a>. <i>www.yellowbridge.com</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">31 December</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.yellowbridge.com&rft.atitle=What+is+%E7%82%92+in+English+Translation%3F+Mandarin+Chinese-English+Dictionary+%26+Thesaurus+-+YellowBridge&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.yellowbridge.com%2Fchinese%2Fdictionary.php%3Fword%3D%25E7%2582%2592&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AStir+frying" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEInstitut_Ricci2001257-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEInstitut_Ricci2001257_9-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFInstitut_Ricci2001">Institut Ricci 2001</a>, p. 257.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEAnderson1988[httpsbooksgooglecombooksidBAcknxN_S8QCdqenandersonchinesecookingiscookingofscarcitypgPA182_188],_52-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAnderson1988[httpsbooksgooglecombooksidBAcknxN_S8QCdqenandersonchinesecookingiscookingofscarcitypgPA182_188],_52_10-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFAnderson1988">Anderson (1988)</a>, p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=BAcknxN_S8QC&dq=e.n.+anderson+chinese+cooking+is+cooking+of+scarcity&pg=PA182">188</a>, 52.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">《齊民要術．卷第六．養雞第五十九·炒雞子法》：「打破，著鐺中，攪令黃白相雜。細擘蔥白，下鹽米、渾豉，麻油炒之，甚香美。」<a class="external free" href="https://zh.m.wikisource.org/zh-hant/齊民要術/卷第六">https://zh.m.wikisource.org/zh-hant/齊民要術/卷第六</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTENewman20045-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTENewman20045_12-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFNewman2004">Newman 2004</a>, p. 5.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEAnderson1988[httpsbooksgooglecombooksidBAcknxN_S8QCdqenandersonchinesecookingiscookingofscarcitypgPA182_188]-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAnderson1988[httpsbooksgooglecombooksidBAcknxN_S8QCdqenandersonchinesecookingiscookingofscarcitypgPA182_188]_13-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFAnderson1988">Anderson (1988)</a>, p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=BAcknxN_S8QC&dq=e.n.+anderson+chinese+cooking+is+cooking+of+scarcity&pg=PA182">188</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Smith-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Smith_14-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMerril_D._Smith2013" class="citation book cs1">Merril D. Smith (9 January 2013). <i>History of American Cooking</i>. ABC-CLIO. p. 65. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-313-38712-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-313-38712-8"><bdi>978-0-313-38712-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=History+of+American+Cooking&rft.pages=65&rft.pub=ABC-CLIO&rft.date=2013-01-09&rft.isbn=978-0-313-38712-8&rft.au=Merril+D.+Smith&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AStir+frying" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFChao1945">Chao 1945</a>, p. 43</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFParkinson,_Rhonda_Lauret2007" class="citation book cs1">Parkinson, Rhonda Lauret (2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=BQSksBCjyVcC&q=stir+frying+history&pg=PR7"><i>The Everything Stir-Fry Cookbook</i></a>. Adams Media. pp. vii. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781605502786" title="Special:BookSources/9781605502786"><bdi>9781605502786</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">7 July</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Everything+Stir-Fry+Cookbook&rft.pages=vii&rft.pub=Adams+Media&rft.date=2007&rft.isbn=9781605502786&rft.au=Parkinson%2C+Rhonda+Lauret&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DBQSksBCjyVcC%26q%3Dstir%2Bfrying%2Bhistory%26pg%3DPR7&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AStir+frying" class="Z3988"></span> <span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_book" title="Template:Cite book">cite book</a>}}</code>: </span><span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">|work=</code> ignored (<a href="/wiki/Help:CS1_errors#periodical_ignored" title="Help:CS1 errors">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEKlosse2010131–132-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKlosse2010131–132_17-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFKlosse2010">Klosse 2010</a>, pp. 131–132.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.hugchina.com/china/food/cooking-methods/chinese-cooking-method-stir-frying-2010-10-04.html">"Chinese cooking method — Stir-Frying"</a>. <i>www.hugchina.com</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">5 July</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.hugchina.com&rft.atitle=Chinese+cooking+method+%E2%80%94+Stir-Frying&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.hugchina.com%2Fchina%2Ffood%2Fcooking-methods%2Fchinese-cooking-method-stir-frying-2010-10-04.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AStir+frying" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTENewman200473,_90,_93,_95-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTENewman200473,_90,_93,_95_19-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFNewman2004">Newman (2004)</a>, p. 73, 90, 93, 95.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-YOU-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-YOU_20-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-YOU_20-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-YOU_20-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Young, Grace, and Richardson, Alan, <i>The Breath of a Wok</i>, New York: Simon & Schuster, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-7432-3827-3" title="Special:BookSources/0-7432-3827-3">0-7432-3827-3</a>, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-7432-3827-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-7432-3827-4">978-0-7432-3827-4</a> (2004), pp. 4, 38, 40</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-WOKH-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-WOKH_21-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-WOKH_21-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20111021043753/http://www.wokhei.com/about.html#whatWokhei">"What does Wokhei mean?"</a>. Wokhei. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.wokhei.com/about.html#whatWokhei">the original</a> on 21 October 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">4 March</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=What+does+Wokhei+mean%3F&rft.pub=Wokhei&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.wokhei.com%2Fabout.html%23whatWokhei&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AStir+frying" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Young, Grace, <i>The Wisdom of the Chinese Kitchen</i>, New York: Simon & Schuster, (1999), pp. 20</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Young, Grace, and Richardson, Alan, <i>The Breath of a Wok</i>, New York: Simon & Schuster, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-7432-3827-3" title="Special:BookSources/0-7432-3827-3">0-7432-3827-3</a>, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-7432-3827-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-7432-3827-4">978-0-7432-3827-4</a> (2004), pp. 60</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFYoung2004" class="citation journal cs1">Young, Grace (2004). "Wok Hay: The Breath of a Wok". <i>Gastronomica: The Journal of Critical Food Studies</i>. <b>4</b> (3): <span class="nowrap">26–</span>30. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1525%2Fgfc.2004.4.3.26">10.1525/gfc.2004.4.3.26</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Gastronomica%3A+The+Journal+of+Critical+Food+Studies&rft.atitle=Wok+Hay%3A+The+Breath+of+a+Wok&rft.volume=4&rft.issue=3&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E26-%3C%2Fspan%3E30&rft.date=2004&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1525%2Fgfc.2004.4.3.26&rft.aulast=Young&rft.aufirst=Grace&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AStir+frying" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHarpham,_Zoė2002" class="citation book cs1">Harpham, Zoė (2002). <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/essentialwokcook0000unse"><i>Essential Wok Cookbook</i></a></span>. Murdoch Books. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-74045-413-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-74045-413-1"><bdi>978-1-74045-413-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Essential+Wok+Cookbook&rft.pub=Murdoch+Books&rft.date=2002&rft.isbn=978-1-74045-413-1&rft.au=Harpham%2C+Zo%C4%97&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fessentialwokcook0000unse&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AStir+frying" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://guide.michelin.com/en/article/dining-out/what-is-wok-hei">"What is...wok hei?"</a>. Michelin Guide. 12 October 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">17 November</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=What+is...wok+hei%3F&rft.pub=Michelin+Guide&rft.date=2016-10-12&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fguide.michelin.com%2Fen%2Farticle%2Fdining-out%2Fwhat-is-wok-hei&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AStir+frying" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:0-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:0_27-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_27-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20151024045239/http://www.flavorandfortune.com/dataaccess/article.php?ID=200">"Chinese Cooking Techniques"</a>. <i>www.flavorandfortune.com</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.flavorandfortune.com/dataaccess/article.php?ID=200">the original</a> on 24 October 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">23 February</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.flavorandfortune.com&rft.atitle=Chinese+Cooking+Techniques&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.flavorandfortune.com%2Fdataaccess%2Farticle.php%3FID%3D200&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AStir+frying" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEKlosse2010131-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKlosse2010131_28-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFKlosse2010">Klosse 2010</a>, p. 131.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-29">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAmy_Brown2007" class="citation book cs1">Amy Brown (2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=edPzm5KSMmYC"><i>Understanding Food: Principles and Preparation</i></a>. Cengage Learning. p. 264. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780495107453" title="Special:BookSources/9780495107453"><bdi>9780495107453</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Understanding+Food%3A+Principles+and+Preparation&rft.pages=264&rft.pub=Cengage+Learning&rft.date=2007&rft.isbn=9780495107453&rft.au=Amy+Brown&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DedPzm5KSMmYC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AStir+frying" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-30">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ag.ndsu.edu/publications/food-nutrition/vary-your-veggies-how-to-prepare-vegetables">"VARY YOUR VEGGIES: How to Prepare Vegetables"</a>. North Dakota State University. October 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">17 November</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=VARY+YOUR+VEGGIES%3A+How+to+Prepare+Vegetables&rft.pub=North+Dakota+State+University&rft.date=2019-10&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ag.ndsu.edu%2Fpublications%2Ffood-nutrition%2Fvary-your-veggies-how-to-prepare-vegetables&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AStir+frying" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-BAMBOO-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-BAMBOO_31-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFZhangJiHuChen2011" class="citation journal cs1">Zhang, Jin-jie; Ji, Rong; Hu, Ya-qin; Chen, Jian-chu; Ye, Xing-qian (4 September 2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3167909">"Effect of three cooking methods on nutrient components and antioxidant capacities of bamboo shoot (Phyllostachys praecox C.D. Chu et C.S. Chao)"</a>. <i>Journal of Zhejiang University Science B</i>. <b>12</b> (9): <span class="nowrap">752–</span>759. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1631%2Fjzus.B1000251">10.1631/jzus.B1000251</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMC (identifier)">PMC</a> <span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3167909">3167909</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21887851">21887851</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Zhejiang+University+Science+B&rft.atitle=Effect+of+three+cooking+methods+on+nutrient+components+and+antioxidant+capacities+of+bamboo+shoot+%28Phyllostachys+praecox+C.D.+Chu+et+C.S.+Chao%29&rft.volume=12&rft.issue=9&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E752-%3C%2Fspan%3E759&rft.date=2011-09-04&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC3167909%23id-name%3DPMC&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F21887851&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1631%2Fjzus.B1000251&rft.aulast=Zhang&rft.aufirst=Jin-jie&rft.au=Ji%2C+Rong&rft.au=Hu%2C+Ya-qin&rft.au=Chen%2C+Jian-chu&rft.au=Ye%2C+Xing-qian&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC3167909&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AStir+frying" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-PEPPER-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-PEPPER_32-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHwangShinLeeLee2012" class="citation journal cs1">Hwang, IG; Shin, YJ; Lee, S; Lee, J; Yoo, SM (December 2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3866734">"Effects of Different Cooking Methods on the Antioxidant Properties of Red Pepper (Capsicum annuum L.)"</a>. <i>Prev Nutr Food Sci</i>. <b>17</b> (4): <span class="nowrap">286–</span>92. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.3746%2Fpnf.2012.17.4.286">10.3746/pnf.2012.17.4.286</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMC (identifier)">PMC</a> <span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3866734">3866734</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24471098">24471098</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Prev+Nutr+Food+Sci&rft.atitle=Effects+of+Different+Cooking+Methods+on+the+Antioxidant+Properties+of+Red+Pepper+%28Capsicum+annuum+L.%29&rft.volume=17&rft.issue=4&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E286-%3C%2Fspan%3E92&rft.date=2012-12&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC3866734%23id-name%3DPMC&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F24471098&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.3746%2Fpnf.2012.17.4.286&rft.aulast=Hwang&rft.aufirst=IG&rft.au=Shin%2C+YJ&rft.au=Lee%2C+S&rft.au=Lee%2C+J&rft.au=Yoo%2C+SM&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC3866734&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AStir+frying" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-NURTI-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-NURTI_33-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFYuan,_Gao-fengSun,_BoYuan,_JingWang,_Qiao-mei2009" class="citation journal cs1">Yuan, Gao-feng; Sun, Bo; Yuan, Jing & Wang, Qiao-mei (August 2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2722699">"Effects of different cooking methods on health-promoting compounds of broccoli"</a>. <i>Journal of Zhejiang University Science B</i>. <b>10</b> (8). NCBI: <span class="nowrap">580–</span>588. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1631%2Fjzus.B0920051">10.1631/jzus.B0920051</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMC (identifier)">PMC</a> <span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2722699">2722699</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19650196">19650196</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Zhejiang+University+Science+B&rft.atitle=Effects+of+different+cooking+methods+on+health-promoting+compounds+of+broccoli&rft.volume=10&rft.issue=8&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E580-%3C%2Fspan%3E588&rft.date=2009-08&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC2722699%23id-name%3DPMC&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F19650196&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1631%2Fjzus.B0920051&rft.au=Yuan%2C+Gao-feng&rft.au=Sun%2C+Bo&rft.au=Yuan%2C+Jing&rft.au=Wang%2C+Qiao-mei&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC2722699&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AStir+frying" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-EFFBROC-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-EFFBROC_34-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMoreno,_Diego_A.2014" class="citation journal cs1">Moreno, Diego A. (1 June 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.researchgate.net/publication/5850788">"Effects of stir-fry cooking with different edible oils on the phytochemical composition of broccoli"</a>. <i>Journal of Food Science</i>. <b>72</b> (1): S064-8. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1111%2Fj.1750-3841.2006.00213.x">10.1111/j.1750-3841.2006.00213.x</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17995900">17995900</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">10 July</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Food+Science&rft.atitle=Effects+of+stir-fry+cooking+with+different+edible+oils+on+the+phytochemical+composition+of+broccoli.&rft.volume=72&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=S064-8&rft.date=2014-06-01&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1111%2Fj.1750-3841.2006.00213.x&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F17995900&rft.au=Moreno%2C+Diego+A.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.researchgate.net%2Fpublication%2F5850788&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AStir+frying" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-35">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNational_Cancer_Institute2015" class="citation web cs1">National Cancer Institute (19 October 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cancer.gov/about-cancer/causes-prevention/risk/diet/cooked-meats-fact-sheet">"Chemicals in Meat Cooked at High Temperatures and Cancer Risk"</a>. National Cancer Institute<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 October</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Chemicals+in+Meat+Cooked+at+High+Temperatures+and+Cancer+Risk.&rft.pub=National+Cancer+Institute&rft.date=2015-10-19&rft.au=National+Cancer+Institute&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cancer.gov%2Fabout-cancer%2Fcauses-prevention%2Frisk%2Fdiet%2Fcooked-meats-fact-sheet&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AStir+frying" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-36">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTierra_L.Ac.,_O.M.D." class="citation web cs1">Tierra L.Ac., O.M.D., Dr. Michael. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140714191731/http://ip.aaas.org/tekindex.nsf/2a9c4e44835b04ea85256a7200577a64/25c0eecac8a81cf385256ae700755f2d/Body/M1?OpenElement">"PROCESSING CHINESE HERBS"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://ip.aaas.org/tekindex.nsf/2a9c4e44835b04ea85256a7200577a64/25c0eecac8a81cf385256ae700755f2d/Body/M1?OpenElement">the original</a> on 14 July 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">7 July</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=PROCESSING+CHINESE+HERBS&rft.aulast=Tierra+L.Ac.%2C+O.M.D.&rft.aufirst=Dr.+Michael&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fip.aaas.org%2Ftekindex.nsf%2F2a9c4e44835b04ea85256a7200577a64%2F25c0eecac8a81cf385256ae700755f2d%2FBody%2FM1%3FOpenElement&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AStir+frying" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Stir_frying&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239549316">.mw-parser-output .refbegin{margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul{margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{margin-left:0;padding-left:3.2em;text-indent:-3.2em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul,.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul li{list-style:none}@media(max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{padding-left:1.6em;text-indent:-1.6em}}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .refbegin{font-size:90%}}</style><div class="refbegin" style=""> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAnderson1988" class="citation book cs1">Anderson, Eugene N. (1988). <i>The Food of China</i>. New Haven: Yale University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-300-04739-8" title="Special:BookSources/0-300-04739-8"><bdi>0-300-04739-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Food+of+China&rft.place=New+Haven&rft.pub=Yale+University+Press&rft.date=1988&rft.isbn=0-300-04739-8&rft.aulast=Anderson&rft.aufirst=Eugene+N.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AStir+frying" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFChao1945" class="citation book cs1">Chao, Buwei Yang (1945). <a href="/wiki/How_to_Cook_and_Eat_in_Chinese" title="How to Cook and Eat in Chinese"><i>How to Cook and Eat in Chinese</i></a>. New York: John Day.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=How+to+Cook+and+Eat+in+Chinese&rft.place=New+York&rft.pub=John+Day&rft.date=1945&rft.aulast=Chao&rft.aufirst=Buwei+Yang&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AStir+frying" class="Z3988"></span>. Several reprints.</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFChen1962" class="citation book cs1">Chen, Joyce (1962). <i>Joyce Chen Cook Book</i>. Philadelphia: Lippincott.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Joyce+Chen+Cook+Book&rft.place=Philadelphia&rft.pub=Lippincott&rft.date=1962&rft.aulast=Chen&rft.aufirst=Joyce&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AStir+frying" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFInstitut_Ricci2001" class="citation cs2 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Institut Ricci (2001), <i>Grand dictionnaire Ricci de la langue chinoise</i> (in French), Paris and Taipei: Institut Ricci (Paris–Taipei), Desclée de Brouwer (Paris), <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/2-220-04667-2" title="Special:BookSources/2-220-04667-2"><bdi>2-220-04667-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Grand+dictionnaire+Ricci+de+la+langue+chinoise&rft.place=Paris+and+Taipei&rft.pub=Institut+Ricci+%28Paris%E2%80%93Taipei%29%2C+Descl%C3%A9e+de+Brouwer+%28Paris%29&rft.date=2001&rft.isbn=2-220-04667-2&rft.au=Institut+Ricci&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AStir+frying" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKlosse2010" class="citation book cs1">Klosse, Peter (2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=YSYtAgAAQBAJ&q=stir+frying+bao+technique&pg=PA131"><i>The Essence of Gastronomy: Understanding the Flavor of Foods and Beverages</i></a>. CRC. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781482216769" title="Special:BookSources/9781482216769"><bdi>9781482216769</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">11 July</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Essence+of+Gastronomy%3A+Understanding+the+Flavor+of+Foods+and+Beverages&rft.pub=CRC&rft.date=2010&rft.isbn=9781482216769&rft.aulast=Klosse&rft.aufirst=Peter&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DYSYtAgAAQBAJ%26q%3Dstir%2Bfrying%2Bbao%2Btechnique%26pg%3DPA131&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AStir+frying" class="Z3988"></span> <span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_book" title="Template:Cite book">cite book</a>}}</code>: </span><span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">|work=</code> ignored (<a href="/wiki/Help:CS1_errors#periodical_ignored" title="Help:CS1 errors">help</a>)</span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNewman2004" class="citation book cs1">Newman, Jacqueline M. (2004). <i>Food Culture in China</i>. Westport, Conn.: Greenwood Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-313-32581-2" title="Special:BookSources/0-313-32581-2"><bdi>0-313-32581-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Food+Culture+in+China&rft.place=Westport%2C+Conn.&rft.pub=Greenwood+Press&rft.date=2004&rft.isbn=0-313-32581-2&rft.aulast=Newman&rft.aufirst=Jacqueline+M.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AStir+frying" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWilkinson2012" class="citation cs2">Wilkinson, Endymion (2012), <a href="/wiki/Chinese_History:_A_New_Manual" title="Chinese History: A New Manual"><i>Chinese History: A New Manual</i></a>, Cambridge (MA): Harvard University Asia Center, distributed by Harvard University Press, <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-674-06715-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-674-06715-8"><bdi>978-0-674-06715-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Chinese+History%3A+A+New+Manual&rft.place=Cambridge+%28MA%29&rft.pub=Harvard+University+Asia+Center%2C+distributed+by+Harvard+University+Press&rft.date=2012&rft.isbn=978-0-674-06715-8&rft.aulast=Wilkinson&rft.aufirst=Endymion&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AStir+frying" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Stir_frying&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239549316"><div class="refbegin" style=""> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFYoung2014" class="citation cs2">Young, Grace (2014), <i>Stir-Frying to the Sky's Edge</i>, New York: Simon & Schuster, <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-4165-8057-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-4165-8057-7"><bdi>978-1-4165-8057-7</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Stir-Frying+to+the+Sky%27s+Edge&rft.place=New+York&rft.pub=Simon+%26+Schuster&rft.date=2014&rft.isbn=978-1-4165-8057-7&rft.aulast=Young&rft.aufirst=Grace&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AStir+frying" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Stir_frying&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Commons-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Stir_fry" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Stir fry"><span style="font-style:italic; font-weight:bold;">Stir fry</span></a>.</div></div> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1235681985"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1237033735"><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Wikibooks-logo-en-noslogan.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Wikibooks-logo-en-noslogan.svg/40px-Wikibooks-logo-en-noslogan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Wikibooks-logo-en-noslogan.svg/60px-Wikibooks-logo-en-noslogan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Wikibooks-logo-en-noslogan.svg/80px-Wikibooks-logo-en-noslogan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="400" data-file-height="400" /></a></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikibooks <a href="https://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Cookbook" class="extiw" title="wikibooks:Cookbook">Cookbook</a> has a recipe/module on <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist" style="margin-left: 1.6em;"> <ul><li><i><b><a href="https://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Cookbook:Stir-fry" class="extiw" title="wikibooks:Cookbook:Stir-fry"> Stir-fry</a></b></i></li></ul> </div></div></div> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1235681985"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1237033735"><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg/40px-Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg/60px-Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg/80px-Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></a></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Look up <i><b><a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/stir" class="extiw" title="wiktionary:stir">stir</a></b></i> in Wiktionary, the free dictionary.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://vegetarian.about.com/od/cookingtipstools/ss/Howtostirfry.htm">How to Stir-fry: Illustrated Step-by-step</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20161222161543/http://vegetarian.about.com/od/cookingtipstools/ss/Howtostirfry.htm">Archived</a> 22 December 2016 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://chinesefood.about.com/library/blstirfryrecipes.htm">Stir-fry Recipes</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20061224080135/http://chinesefood.about.com/library/blstirfryrecipes.htm">Archived</a> 24 December 2006 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow{padding:0.25em 1em;line-height:1.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group{white-space:nowrap;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{background-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list{line-height:1.5em;border-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list-with-group{text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid}.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-group,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-image,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-list{border-top:2px solid #fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title{background-color:#ccf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-title{background-color:#ddf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-abovebelow{background-color:#e6e6ff}.mw-parser-output .navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Cooking_techniques215" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Cooking_techniques" title="Template:Cooking techniques"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Cooking_techniques" title="Template talk:Cooking techniques"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Cooking_techniques" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Cooking techniques"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Cooking_techniques215" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Cooking" title="Cooking">Cooking</a> techniques</div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><a href="/wiki/List_of_cooking_techniques" title="List of cooking techniques">List of cooking techniques</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Dry</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em">Conduction</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dry_roasting" title="Dry roasting">Dry roasting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hot_salt_frying" title="Hot salt frying">Hot salt frying</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Searing" title="Searing">Searing</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em">Convection</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Baking" title="Baking">Baking</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roasting" title="Roasting">Roasting (modern)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Smoking_(cooking)" title="Smoking (cooking)">Smoking</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barbecue" title="Barbecue">Barbecue</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em">Radiation</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Charbroiler" title="Charbroiler">Charbroiler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grilling" title="Grilling">Grilling (charbroiling)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roasting" title="Roasting">Roasting (traditional)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rotisserie" title="Rotisserie">Rotisserie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Toast_(food)" title="Toast (food)">Toasting</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Wet</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em">High heat</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Blanching_(cooking)" title="Blanching (cooking)">Blanching</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boiling#In_cooking" title="Boiling">Boiling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Decoction" title="Decoction">Decoction</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parboiling" title="Parboiling">Parboiling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shocking_(cooking)" title="Shocking (cooking)">Shocking</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reduction_(cooking)" title="Reduction (cooking)">Reduction</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em">Low heat</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Coddling" title="Coddling">Coddling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Creaming_(cooking)" title="Creaming (cooking)">Creaming</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Infusion" title="Infusion">Infusion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Poaching_(cooking)" title="Poaching (cooking)">Poaching</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Simmering" title="Simmering">Simmering</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slow_cooking" class="mw-redirect" title="Slow cooking">Slow cooking</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Smothering_(cooking)" title="Smothering (cooking)">Smothering</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Steeping" title="Steeping">Steeping</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stew" title="Stew">Stewing</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em">Indirect heat</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bain-marie" title="Bain-marie">Bain-marie (Double boiling)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sous-vide" class="mw-redirect" title="Sous-vide">Sous-vide</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Double_steaming" title="Double steaming">Double steaming</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Steaming" title="Steaming">Steaming</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Fat-based</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em">High heat</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Basting_(cooking)" title="Basting (cooking)">Basting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blackening_(cooking)" title="Blackening (cooking)">Blackening</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Browning_(cooking)" title="Browning (cooking)">Browning</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frying" title="Frying">Frying</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deep_frying" title="Deep frying">Deep frying</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pan_frying" title="Pan frying">Pan frying</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shallow_frying" title="Shallow frying">Shallow frying</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Stir frying</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saut%C3%A9ing" title="Sautéing">Sautéing</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em">Low heat</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gentle_frying" title="Gentle frying">Gentle frying</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sweating_(cooking)" title="Sweating (cooking)">Sweating</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Mixed medium</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Carryover_cooking" title="Carryover cooking">Carryover cooking</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barbecue" title="Barbecue">Barbecuing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Braising" title="Braising">Braising</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caramelization" title="Caramelization">Caramelization</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deglazing_(cooking)" title="Deglazing (cooking)">Deglazing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flamb%C3%A9" title="Flambé">Flambé</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fricassee" title="Fricassee">Fricassee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indirect_grilling" title="Indirect grilling">Indirect grilling/Plank cooking</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink-fragment" href="#Chao_technique">Stir frying (chao)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Device-based</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Air_fryer" class="mw-redirect" title="Air fryer">Air frying</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Microwave_oven" title="Microwave oven">Microwaving</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pressure_cooking" class="mw-redirect" title="Pressure cooking">Pressure cooking</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pressure_frying" title="Pressure frying">Pressure frying</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slow_cooker" title="Slow cooker">Slow cooker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thermal_cooking" title="Thermal cooking">Thermal cooking</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Non-heat</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aging_(food)" title="Aging (food)">Aging</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brining" title="Brining">Brining</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Igunaq" title="Igunaq">Burying in ground</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curing_(food_preservation)" title="Curing (food preservation)">Curing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Food_drying" title="Food drying">Drying</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fermentation_in_food_processing" title="Fermentation in food processing">Fermenting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Juicing" title="Juicing">Juicing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pickling" title="Pickling">Pickling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pur%C3%A9e" title="Purée">Purée</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Salting_(food)" title="Salting (food)">Salting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Souring" title="Souring">Souring</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">See also</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_cooking_appliances" title="List of cooking appliances">List of cooking appliances</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_cooking_vessels" title="List of cooking vessels">List of cooking vessels</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Outdoor_cooking" title="Outdoor cooking">Outdoor cooking</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Outline_of_food_preparation" title="Outline of food preparation">Food preparation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Food_preservation" title="Food preservation">Food preservation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Food_safety" title="Food safety">Food safety</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Category:Cuisine" title="Category:Cuisine">Category</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?useformat=desktop&type=1x1&usesul3=0" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Stir_frying&oldid=1264616124">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Stir_frying&oldid=1264616124</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Chinese_cooking_techniques" title="Category:Chinese cooking techniques">Chinese cooking techniques</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Cooking_techniques" title="Category:Cooking techniques">Cooking techniques</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Chinese_cuisine" title="Category:Chinese cuisine">Chinese cuisine</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Chinese_inventions" title="Category:Chinese inventions">Chinese inventions</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Culinary_terminology" title="Category:Culinary terminology">Culinary terminology</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Fried_foods" title="Category:Fried foods">Fried foods</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Hidden categories: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_errors:_periodical_ignored" title="Category:CS1 errors: periodical ignored">CS1 errors: periodical ignored</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description" title="Category:Articles with short description">Articles with short description</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Short_description_matches_Wikidata" title="Category:Short description matches Wikidata">Short description matches Wikidata</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Use_dmy_dates_from_March_2023" title="Category:Use dmy dates from March 2023">Use dmy dates from March 2023</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_containing_Chinese-language_text" title="Category:Articles containing Chinese-language text">Articles containing Chinese-language text</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Pages_using_template_Zh_with_sup_tags" title="Category:Pages using template Zh with sup tags">Pages using template Zh with sup tags</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_containing_simplified_Chinese-language_text" title="Category:Articles containing simplified Chinese-language text">Articles containing simplified Chinese-language text</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_containing_traditional_Chinese-language_text" title="Category:Articles containing traditional Chinese-language text">Articles containing traditional Chinese-language text</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:All_articles_with_unsourced_statements" title="Category:All articles with unsourced statements">All articles with unsourced statements</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_unsourced_statements_from_December_2024" title="Category:Articles with unsourced statements from December 2024">Articles with unsourced statements from December 2024</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_French-language_sources_(fr)" title="Category:CS1 French-language sources (fr)">CS1 French-language sources (fr)</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Commons_category_link_from_Wikidata" title="Category:Commons category link from Wikidata">Commons category link from Wikidata</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Webarchive_template_wayback_links" title="Category:Webarchive template wayback links">Webarchive template wayback links</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> This page was last edited on 22 December 2024, at 17:11<span class="anonymous-show"> (UTC)</span>.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Text is available under the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Text_of_the_Creative_Commons_Attribution-ShareAlike_4.0_International_License" title="Wikipedia:Text of the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License">Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License</a>; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the <a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Terms_of_Use" class="extiw" title="foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Terms of Use">Terms of Use</a> and <a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy" class="extiw" title="foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy policy">Privacy Policy</a>. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/">Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.</a>, a non-profit organization.</li> </ul> <ul id="footer-places"> <li id="footer-places-privacy"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy">Privacy policy</a></li> <li id="footer-places-about"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:About">About Wikipedia</a></li> <li id="footer-places-disclaimers"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:General_disclaimer">Disclaimers</a></li> <li id="footer-places-contact"><a href="//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Contact_us">Contact Wikipedia</a></li> <li id="footer-places-wm-codeofconduct"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Universal_Code_of_Conduct">Code of Conduct</a></li> <li id="footer-places-developers"><a href="https://developer.wikimedia.org">Developers</a></li> <li id="footer-places-statslink"><a href="https://stats.wikimedia.org/#/en.wikipedia.org">Statistics</a></li> <li id="footer-places-cookiestatement"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Cookie_statement">Cookie statement</a></li> <li id="footer-places-mobileview"><a href="//en.m.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Stir_frying&mobileaction=toggle_view_mobile" class="noprint stopMobileRedirectToggle">Mobile view</a></li> </ul> <ul id="footer-icons" class="noprint"> <li id="footer-copyrightico"><a href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/static/images/footer/wikimedia-button.svg" width="84" height="29" alt="Wikimedia Foundation" lang="en" loading="lazy"></a></li> <li id="footer-poweredbyico"><a href="https://www.mediawiki.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><picture><source media="(min-width: 500px)" srcset="/w/resources/assets/poweredby_mediawiki.svg" width="88" height="31"><img src="/w/resources/assets/mediawiki_compact.svg" alt="Powered by MediaWiki" width="25" height="25" loading="lazy"></picture></a></li> </ul> </footer> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-header-container vector-sticky-header-container"> <div id="vector-sticky-header" class="vector-sticky-header"> <div class="vector-sticky-header-start"> <div class="vector-sticky-header-icon-start vector-button-flush-left vector-button-flush-right" aria-hidden="true"> <button class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-sticky-header-search-toggle" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="ui.vector-sticky-search-form.icon"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-search mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-search"></span> <span>Search</span> </button> </div> <div role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box"> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="vector-sticky-search-form" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="Search Wikipedia"> <span class="cdx-text-input__icon cdx-text-input__start-icon"></span> </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Special:Search"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">Search</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-header-context-bar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-sticky-header-toc" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-sticky-header-toc vector-sticky-header-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-sticky-header-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-sticky-header-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-sticky-header-toc-label" for="vector-sticky-header-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-sticky-header-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div class="vector-sticky-header-context-bar-primary" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="mw-page-title-main">Stir frying</span></div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-header-end" aria-hidden="true"> <div class="vector-sticky-header-icons"> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-talk-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="talk-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-speechBubbles mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-speechBubbles"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-subject-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="subject-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-article mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-article"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-history-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="history-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-history mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-history"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only mw-watchlink" id="ca-watchstar-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="watch-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-star mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-star"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-edit-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="wikitext-edit-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikiText mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-wikiText"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-ve-edit-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="ve-edit-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-edit mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-edit"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-viewsource-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="ve-edit-protected-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-editLock mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-editLock"></span> <span></span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-header-buttons"> <button class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet mw-interlanguage-selector" id="p-lang-btn-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-language"></span> <span>32 languages</span> </button> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive" id="ca-addsection-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="addsection-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-speechBubbleAdd-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-speechBubbleAdd-progressive"></span> <span>Add topic</span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-header-icon-end"> <div class="vector-user-links"> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-settings" id="p-dock-bottom"> <ul></ul> </div><script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.config.set({"wgHostname":"mw-web.codfw.main-b766959bd-6wmdr","wgBackendResponseTime":153,"wgPageParseReport":{"limitreport":{"cputime":"1.202","walltime":"1.655","ppvisitednodes":{"value":4531,"limit":1000000},"postexpandincludesize":{"value":121510,"limit":2097152},"templateargumentsize":{"value":3796,"limit":2097152},"expansiondepth":{"value":16,"limit":100},"expensivefunctioncount":{"value":14,"limit":500},"unstrip-depth":{"value":1,"limit":20},"unstrip-size":{"value":153224,"limit":5000000},"entityaccesscount":{"value":1,"limit":400},"timingprofile":["100.00% 1433.783 1 -total"," 24.58% 352.359 1 Template:Reflist"," 14.61% 209.528 1 Template:Cuisine_of_China"," 14.03% 201.214 1 Template:Sidebar_with_collapsible_lists"," 12.19% 174.775 12 Template:Cite_web"," 10.06% 144.267 1 Template:Short_description"," 6.21% 89.055 2 Template:Pagetype"," 5.88% 84.249 11 Template:Sfn"," 5.81% 83.268 4 Template:Navbox"," 5.79% 82.954 1 Template:Cooking_Techniques"]},"scribunto":{"limitreport-timeusage":{"value":"0.675","limit":"10.000"},"limitreport-memusage":{"value":12061379,"limit":52428800},"limitreport-logs":"table#1 {\n [\"size\"] = \"tiny\",\n}\ntable#1 {\n [\"size\"] = \"tiny\",\n}\ntable#1 {\n [\"size\"] = \"tiny\",\n}\ntable#1 {\n [\"size\"] = \"tiny\",\n}\ntable#1 {\n [\"size\"] = \"tiny\",\n}\ntable#1 {\n [\"size\"] = \"tiny\",\n}\nanchor_id_list = table#1 {\n [\"CITEREFAmy_Brown2007\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFAnderson1988\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFAnlan2018\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFChao1945\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFChen1962\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFHarpham,_Zoė2002\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFHwangShinLeeLee2012\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFInstitut_Ricci2001\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFKlosse2010\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFMerril_D._Smith2013\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFMoreno,_Diego_A.2014\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFNational_Cancer_Institute2015\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFNewman2004\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFParkinson,_Rhonda_Lauret2007\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFTierra_L.Ac.,_O.M.D.\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFWilkinson2012\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFYoung2004\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFYoung2014\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFYuan,_Gao-fengSun,_BoYuan,_JingWang,_Qiao-mei2009\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFZhangJiHuChen2011\"] = 1,\n}\ntemplate_list = table#1 {\n [\"Blockquote\"] = 1,\n [\"Citation\"] = 3,\n [\"Citation needed\"] = 1,\n [\"Cite book\"] = 9,\n [\"Cite journal\"] = 5,\n [\"Cite web\"] = 12,\n [\"Commons\"] = 1,\n [\"Convert\"] = 1,\n [\"Cookbook\"] = 1,\n [\"Cooking Techniques\"] = 1,\n [\"Cuisine of China\"] = 1,\n [\"For\"] = 1,\n [\"Further\"] = 1,\n [\"Harvnb\"] = 3,\n [\"ISBN\"] = 4,\n [\"Lang-zh\"] = 1,\n [\"Main\"] = 1,\n [\"Portal\"] = 1,\n [\"Refbegin\"] = 2,\n [\"Refend\"] = 2,\n [\"Reflist\"] = 1,\n [\"Sfn\"] = 11,\n [\"Sfnb\"] = 3,\n [\"Short description\"] = 1,\n [\"Spaced ndash\"] = 1,\n [\"Use dmy dates\"] = 1,\n [\"Webarchive\"] = 2,\n [\"Wiktionary\"] = 1,\n [\"Zh\"] = 2,\n}\narticle_whitelist = table#1 {\n}\nciteref_patterns = table#1 {\n}\n"},"cachereport":{"origin":"mw-web.codfw.main-b766959bd-w8nmp","timestamp":"20250214040433","ttl":2592000,"transientcontent":false}}});});</script> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@type":"Article","name":"Stir frying","url":"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Stir_frying","sameAs":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q8980672","mainEntity":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q8980672","author":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Contributors to Wikimedia projects"},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https:\/\/www.wikimedia.org\/static\/images\/wmf-hor-googpub.png"}},"datePublished":"2001-10-04T11:20:56Z","dateModified":"2024-12-22T17:11:39Z","image":"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/6\/62\/Making_Stir-Fry_%283286445383%29.jpg","headline":"cooking technique"}</script> </body> </html>