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January 1944</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;">Country</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Flag_of_Germany_%281935%E2%80%931945%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Germany_%281935%E2%80%931945%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Flag_of_Germany_%281935%E2%80%931945%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Germany_%281935%E2%80%931945%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Flag_of_Germany_%281935%E2%80%931945%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_Germany_%281935%E2%80%931945%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Nazi_Germany" title="Nazi Germany">Nazi Germany</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;">Branch</th><td class="infobox-data"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_the_Schutzstaffel.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Flag_of_the_Schutzstaffel.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Schutzstaffel.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Flag_of_the_Schutzstaffel.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Schutzstaffel.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Flag_of_the_Schutzstaffel.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_Schutzstaffel.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="341" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Waffen-SS" title="Waffen-SS">Waffen-SS</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;">Type</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Infantry" title="Infantry">Infantry</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;">Role</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Bandenbek%C3%A4mpfung" title="Bandenbekämpfung">Nazi security warfare</a><br />Participation <a href="/wiki/The_Holocaust" title="The Holocaust">The Holocaust</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;">Size</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Brigade" title="Brigade">Brigade</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;font-size:110%;">Commanders</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;">Notable<br />commanders</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Karl_Fischer_von_Treuenfeld" title="Karl Fischer von Treuenfeld">Karl Fischer von Treuenfeld</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Erich_von_dem_Bach-Zelewsky" class="mw-redirect" title="Erich von dem Bach-Zelewsky">Erich von dem Bach-Zelewsky</a></td></tr></tbody></table><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Military unit</div> <p>The <b>1st SS Infantry Brigade</b> (<a href="/wiki/German_language" title="German language">German</a>: <i lang="de">1. SS-Infanteriebrigade</i>) was a unit of the German <a href="/wiki/Waffen_SS" class="mw-redirect" title="Waffen SS">Waffen SS</a> formed from former <a href="/wiki/Concentration_camp" title="Concentration camp">concentration camp</a> guards for service in the <a href="/wiki/Soviet_Union" title="Soviet Union">Soviet Union</a> behind the main front line during the <a href="/wiki/Second_World_War" class="mw-redirect" title="Second World War">Second World War</a>. They conducted <a href="/wiki/Bandenbek%C3%A4mpfung" title="Bandenbekämpfung">Nazi security warfare</a> in the rear of the advancing German troops and took part in <a href="/wiki/The_Holocaust" title="The Holocaust">The Holocaust</a>. The unit also filled gaps in the front line when called upon in emergencies. In 1944, the brigade was used as the <a href="/wiki/En_cadre" class="mw-redirect" title="En cadre">cadre</a> in the formation of the <a href="/wiki/18_SS" class="mw-redirect" title="18 SS">SS Division Horst Wessel</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Invasion_of_the_Soviet_Union">Invasion of the Soviet Union</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1st_SS_Infantry_Brigade&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Invasion of the Soviet Union"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The 1 SS Infantry Brigade (<a href="/wiki/Motorized_infantry" title="Motorized infantry">mot</a>) was formed on 21 April 1941, from men of the <a href="/wiki/SS-Totenkopfverb%C3%A4nde" title="SS-Totenkopfverbände">SS-Totenkopfverbände</a> (concentration camp guards). It received the designation of the 1st SS Infantry Brigade (motorised) on 20 September 1941. </p><p>When Germany invaded the Soviet Union (<a href="/wiki/Operation_Barbarossa" title="Operation Barbarossa">Operation Barbarossa</a>) in June 1941, the brigade was stationed in <a href="/wiki/Krak%C3%B3w" title="Kraków">Kraków</a>, <a href="/wiki/Poland" title="Poland">Poland</a> awaiting its full complement of men and materials. On 23 July the unit moved east into the occupied territories and between July and August 1941, mopping up dispersed <a href="/wiki/Red_Army" title="Red Army">Red Army</a> units in the rear of <a href="/wiki/Army_Group_South" title="Army Group South">Army Group South</a>. On 9 August, the brigade was north of <a href="/wiki/Zhitomir" class="mw-redirect" title="Zhitomir">Zhitomir</a> and was asked to cover the northern flank of the <a href="/wiki/6th_Army_(Wehrmacht)" title="6th Army (Wehrmacht)">6th Army</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Pinsk_Marshes" title="Pinsk Marshes">Pinsk Marshes</a>. The brigade next operated behind the <a href="/wiki/XVII_Army_Corps_(Wehrmacht)" title="XVII Army Corps (Wehrmacht)">XVII Army Corps</a> and on 23 August, crossed the <a href="/wiki/Dnieper_River" class="mw-redirect" title="Dnieper River">Dnieper River</a>. </p><p>During the remainder of the year and until late 1942 the unit was assigned to the <a href="/wiki/Reich_Security_Main_Office" title="Reich Security Main Office">Reich Security Main Office</a>, which also had the <a href="/wiki/SS_Cavalry_Brigade" title="SS Cavalry Brigade">SS Cavalry Brigade</a> and the <a href="/wiki/2nd_SS_Infantry_Brigade" title="2nd SS Infantry Brigade">2nd SS Infantry Brigade</a> under command.<sup id="cite_ref-h1_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-h1-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the autumn of 1941, the brigade actively took part in <a href="/wiki/The_Holocaust" title="The Holocaust">The Holocaust</a> as part of <a href="/wiki/Einsatzgruppe" class="mw-redirect" title="Einsatzgruppe">Einsatzgruppe</a> C and took part in the liquidation of the <a href="/wiki/Jewish" class="mw-redirect" title="Jewish">Jewish</a> population of the Soviet Union, forming firing parties when required. The three brigades were responsible for the murder of tens of thousands of the population by the end of 1941, and they destroyed at least one village st <a href="/wiki/Bia%C5%82ystok" title="Białystok">Białystok</a> for no apparent reason as they had not been engaged from it.<sup id="cite_ref-h1_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-h1-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On 12 December 1941, the brigade was placed under the command of the <a href="/wiki/56th_Infantry_Division_(Germany)" class="mw-redirect" title="56th Infantry Division (Germany)">56th Infantry Division</a> on the orders of <a href="/wiki/Army_Group_Center" class="mw-redirect" title="Army Group Center">Army Group Center</a> when a gap appeared in the front line of the <a href="/wiki/2nd_Army_(Wehrmacht)" title="2nd Army (Wehrmacht)">2nd Army</a> in the area of <a href="/wiki/Tula,_Russia" title="Tula, Russia">Tula</a>, <a href="/wiki/Yelets" title="Yelets">Yelets</a> <a href="/wiki/Liwny" class="mw-redirect" title="Liwny">Liwny</a>. On 28 December 1941, the unit was placed under the command of <a href="/wiki/LV_Army_Corps_(Wehrmacht)" title="LV Army Corps (Wehrmacht)">LV Army Corps</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="1942">1942</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1st_SS_Infantry_Brigade&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: 1942"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The brigade spent the winter in fighting defensive battles in the front line, then received new orders. They were again to form a <a href="/wiki/Bandenbek%C3%A4mpfung" title="Bandenbekämpfung">rear-area security unit</a>. From January to August they took part in security and defensive duties around the area of <a href="/wiki/Kursk" title="Kursk">Kursk</a> and a new commander, <a href="/wiki/Karl_Fischer_von_Treuenfeld" title="Karl Fischer von Treuenfeld">Karl Fischer von Treuenfeld</a>, arrived in July. The unit remained in the Kursk area until 11 August when it was sent to the <a href="/wiki/Minsk" title="Minsk">Minsk</a> area.<sup id="cite_ref-axis.history_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-axis.history-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On 11 October, the brigade was in the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Wydriza&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wydriza (page does not exist)">Wydriza</a> sector in Central Russia (where <a href="/wiki/Erich_von_dem_Bach-Zelewsky" class="mw-redirect" title="Erich von dem Bach-Zelewsky">Erich von dem Bach-Zelewsky</a> was the <a href="/wiki/SS_and_Police_Leader" class="mw-redirect" title="SS and Police Leader">SS and Police Leader</a>). It took part in the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Operation_Karlsbad&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Operation Karlsbad (page does not exist)">Operation Karlsbad</a> (11 September to 23 October); also participating were the <a href="/wiki/SS-Sturmbrigade_Dirlewanger" class="mw-redirect" title="SS-Sturmbrigade Dirlewanger">SS-Sturmbrigade Dirlewanger</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ukrainian_Auxiliary_Police" title="Ukrainian Auxiliary Police">SS Schuma Battalion 255</a> and the 1st Battalion, <a href="/wiki/L%C3%A9gion_des_Volontaires_Fran%C3%A7ais" class="mw-redirect" title="Légion des Volontaires Français">Légion des Volontaires Français</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-axis.history_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-axis.history-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> By the end of it the brigade had recorded the killing of 1051 civilians and alleged partisans for the loss of 24 dead and 65 wounded.<sup id="cite_ref-axis.history_2-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-axis.history-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The brigade next took part in the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Operation_Freda&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Operation Freda (page does not exist)">Operation Freda</a> (5 to 9 November), together with the SS-Sturmbrigade Dirlewanger near <a href="/wiki/Borissov" class="mw-redirect" title="Borissov">Borissov</a>. The reported casualties from the operation were light with 2 men killed and 10 missing compared to several hundred dead "partisans", most likely civilians. </p><p>The unit was next used in another security action, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Operation_N%C3%BCrnberg&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Operation Nürnberg (page does not exist)">Operation Nürnberg</a> (19 to 25 November), with Police <a href="/wiki/Kampfgruppe" title="Kampfgruppe">Kampfgruppe</a> von Gottberg. The operation took place between <a href="/w/index.php?title=Gleboki&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gleboki (page does not exist)">Gleboki</a> and <a href="/wiki/Wilna" class="mw-redirect" title="Wilna">Wilna</a>. The operation was under the command of <a href="/wiki/Brigadef%C3%BChrer" title="Brigadeführer">Brigadeführer</a> <a href="/wiki/Curt_von_Gottberg" title="Curt von Gottberg">Curt von Gottberg</a> with SS Polizei Regiment 14, two Schuma battalions and a town Gendarmerie unit in support of the 1 SS Infantry Brigade. The operation resulted in 2984 Russian casualties and the release of some German prisoners. At the end of 1942 they were involved in the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Velikiye_Luki" title="Battle of Velikiye Luki">Battle of Velikiye Luki</a> when the Soviet forces encircled the town of <a href="/wiki/Velikiye_Luki" title="Velikiye Luki">Velikiye Luki</a>. The <a href="/wiki/83rd_Infantry_Division_(Germany)" class="mw-redirect" title="83rd Infantry Division (Germany)">83rd Infantry Division</a> which was trapped in the pocket and was destroyed. The 1 SS Infantry Brigade, along with <a href="/wiki/Frikorps_Danmark" class="mw-redirect" title="Frikorps Danmark">Frikorps Danmark</a>, who had participated in the attempts to break the encirclement under Kampfgruppe Chevallerie had suffered heavy casualties in the process.<sup id="cite_ref-axis.history_2-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-axis.history-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="1943">1943</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1st_SS_Infantry_Brigade&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: 1943"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 1943 the brigade came under the command of the <a href="/wiki/LIX_Army_Corps_(Wehrmacht)" title="LIX Army Corps (Wehrmacht)">LIX Corps</a> in the <a href="/wiki/3rd_Panzer_Army" title="3rd Panzer Army">3rd Panzer Army</a>. On 4 February they were located at <a href="/w/index.php?title=Podluschje&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Podluschje (page does not exist)">Podluschje</a>. They took part in Operation Kugelblitz (22 February to 8 March) attached to the <a href="/wiki/201st_Sicherungs_Division" class="mw-redirect" title="201st Sicherungs Division">201st Sicherungs Division</a>. Operation Kugelblitz was an anti <a href="/wiki/Belarusian_partisans" class="mw-redirect" title="Belarusian partisans">Belarusian partisans</a> sweep in the area of <a href="/wiki/Witebsk" class="mw-redirect" title="Witebsk">Witebsk</a> <a href="/wiki/Haradok" title="Haradok">Gorodok</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Gurki&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gurki (page does not exist)">Gurki</a> and <a href="/w/index.php?title=Senniza&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Senniza (page does not exist)">Senniza</a> Lake. They also took part in the followup Operation Donnerkeil (31 March to 2 April) the second operation was ordered by the 3rd Panzer Army.<sup id="cite_ref-axis.history_2-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-axis.history-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In May 1943, the brigade formed a cadre for the <a href="/wiki/3_Estonian_SS_Volunteer_Brigade" class="mw-redirect" title="3 Estonian SS Volunteer Brigade">3 Estonian SS Volunteer Brigade</a> and on 7 July it was sent to <a href="/w/index.php?title=Borrissov&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Borrissov (page does not exist)">Borrissov</a> on another <a href="/wiki/Bandenbek%C3%A4mpfung" title="Bandenbekämpfung">security sweep</a>. They participated in <a href="/wiki/Operation_Hermann" title="Operation Hermann">Operation Hermann</a> (7 July) with various other units under the command of <a href="/wiki/Generalmajor" title="Generalmajor">Generalmajor</a> of <a href="/wiki/Ordnungspolizei" title="Ordnungspolizei">Polizei</a> von Gottberg.<sup id="cite_ref-axis.history_2-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-axis.history-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On 1 August, the brigade took part in the <a href="/wiki/Bandenbek%C3%A4mpfung" title="Bandenbekämpfung">security and depopulation operation</a> in the area <a href="/w/index.php?title=Jeremicze&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jeremicze (page does not exist)">Jeremicze</a>-<a href="/wiki/Starzyna" title="Starzyna">Starzyna</a>-<a href="/w/index.php?title=Rudnja&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rudnja (page does not exist)">Rudnja</a>-<a href="/w/index.php?title=Kupinsk&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kupinsk (page does not exist)">Kupinsk</a>. The goal was to murder or deport the local population and seize livestock and agricultural supplies. </p><p>They were again moved into the front line in September to reinforce the <a href="/wiki/25th_Panzergrenadier_Division" title="25th Panzergrenadier Division">25th Panzergrenadier Division</a>, which was fighting in the <a href="/wiki/Smolensk" title="Smolensk">Smolensk</a>-<a href="/wiki/Gomel" title="Gomel">Gomel</a> sector. Smolensk was abandoned on 24 September and the brigade reported that during the fighting they had lost 215 killed in action, 1172 wounded and 77 missing. </p><p>On 12 November, the brigade units were redesignated the former SS Infantry Regiment 8 and SS Infantry Regiment 10 now became known as the SS Grenadier Regiment 39 and SS Grenadier Regiment 40. To counter the Soviet offensive on 10 November the Brigade formed SS <a href="/wiki/Kampfgruppe" title="Kampfgruppe">Kampfgruppe</a> Trabandt which came under the command of the <a href="/wiki/36th_Infantry_Division_(Germany)" class="mw-redirect" title="36th Infantry Division (Germany)">36th Infantry Division</a>. They fought at the <a href="/wiki/Rogatschew" class="mw-redirect" title="Rogatschew">Rogatschew</a> bridgehead until they were transferred to the bridgehead at <a href="/w/index.php?title=Stassewka&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Stassewka (page does not exist)">Stassewka</a> on 2 December.<sup id="cite_ref-axis.history_2-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-axis.history-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Bundesarchiv_Bild_101III-AhrensH-093-15,_Russland,_I._SS-Infanterie-Brigade.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Bundesarchiv_Bild_101III-AhrensH-093-15%2C_Russland%2C_I._SS-Infanterie-Brigade.jpg/220px-Bundesarchiv_Bild_101III-AhrensH-093-15%2C_Russland%2C_I._SS-Infanterie-Brigade.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="151" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Bundesarchiv_Bild_101III-AhrensH-093-15%2C_Russland%2C_I._SS-Infanterie-Brigade.jpg/330px-Bundesarchiv_Bild_101III-AhrensH-093-15%2C_Russland%2C_I._SS-Infanterie-Brigade.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Bundesarchiv_Bild_101III-AhrensH-093-15%2C_Russland%2C_I._SS-Infanterie-Brigade.jpg/440px-Bundesarchiv_Bild_101III-AhrensH-093-15%2C_Russland%2C_I._SS-Infanterie-Brigade.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4071" data-file-height="2789" /></a><figcaption>1 SS Infantry Brigade January 1944, <a href="/wiki/Standartenf%C3%BChrer" title="Standartenführer">Standartenführer</a> <a href="/wiki/Wilhelm_Trabandt" title="Wilhelm Trabandt">Wilhelm Trabandt</a> in the front row</figcaption></figure> <p>In December, the brigade took part in <a href="/w/index.php?title=Operation_Nikolaus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Operation Nikolaus (page does not exist)">Operation Nikolaus</a> which started on 20 December and formed the <a href="/wiki/9th_Army_(Wehrmacht)" title="9th Army (Wehrmacht)">9th Army</a>'s southern pincer group attacking towards the <a href="/wiki/2nd_Army_(Wehrmacht)" title="2nd Army (Wehrmacht)">2nd Army</a> alongside the <a href="/wiki/16th_Panzer_Division" title="16th Panzer Division">16th Panzer Division</a>, <a href="/wiki/258th_Infantry_Division_(Wehrmacht)" title="258th Infantry Division (Wehrmacht)">258th Infantry Division</a>, <a href="/wiki/134th_Infantry_Division_(Wehrmacht)" title="134th Infantry Division (Wehrmacht)">134th Infantry Divisions</a> and Cavalry Regiment Mitte. The counterattack filled the gap between the 2nd and 9th Army's which had been created by the Soviet push towards <a href="/wiki/Bobruisk" class="mw-redirect" title="Bobruisk">Bobruisk</a> in November that year. The attack was succeeded and the gap was closed on 22 December.<sup id="cite_ref-axis.history_2-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-axis.history-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>At the end of December 1943 the Brigade was ordered to move to <a href="/wiki/East_Prussia" title="East Prussia">East Prussia</a>. After they reached the troop training grounds <a href="/wiki/Stablack" class="mw-redirect" title="Stablack">Stablack</a> near <a href="/wiki/K%C3%B6nigsberg" title="Königsberg">Königsberg</a> they were reformed.<sup id="cite_ref-axis.history_2-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-axis.history-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="1944">1944</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1st_SS_Infantry_Brigade&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: 1944"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The 1 SS Infantry Brigade (mot) was disbanded on 24 January 1944 when it was used to form the <a href="/wiki/18_SS" class="mw-redirect" title="18 SS">18th SS Volunteer Panzergrenadier Division <i>Horst Wessel</i></a>.<sup id="cite_ref-axis.history_2-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-axis.history-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="War_crimes">War crimes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1st_SS_Infantry_Brigade&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: War crimes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The brigade took an active part in the killing of the Jewish population assisting the <a href="/wiki/Einsatzgruppen" title="Einsatzgruppen">Einsatzgruppen</a>, in the town of <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ushomir&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ushomir (page does not exist)">Ushomir</a> where it took part in the killing of all male Jews.<sup id="cite_ref-axis.history_2-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-axis.history-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Untersturmf%C3%BChrer" title="Untersturmführer">Untersturmführer</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Max_T%C3%A4ubner&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Max Täubner (page does not exist)">Max Täubner</a> commanded a workshop detail in the brigade and was tried by an SS court in May 1943, along with four other Waffen-SS men, for unauthorized and sadistic killings of a large number of Jews in 1941 and for taking photos of the killings showing them to wife and friends. In the indictment, the SS court, while affirming the intentions of the SS to exterminate the Jews, stated "The accused allowed his men to act with such vicious brutality that they conducted themselves under his command like a savage horde". </p><p>The case against four other defendants under Täubner's command was dismissed by the judge <a href="/wiki/Standartenf%C3%BChrer" title="Standartenführer">Standartenführer</a> Dr. Reinecke. The photos and negatives were later ordered to be destroyed.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Täubner, who had been given a sentence of 10 years, was pardoned in January 1945 and released from prison.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In another version of this trial<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Taubner was convicted of disregarding secrecy provisions surrounding the exterminations, expelled from the SS, deprived of his civil rights and sentenced to ten years imprisonment, for behavior that was "unworthy of an honorable and decent German man." </p><p>Vasyl Valdeman, a Jewish resident of <a href="/wiki/Ostroh" title="Ostroh">Ostroh</a> reported: "We knew something would be done to us here. When we saw people hit and driven along here with spades, even small children realised why people were carrying the spades." </p><p>One of the members of the 1st SS Infantry Brigade at the time was Hans Friedrich. He claims not to recall exactly which actions he took part in that summer, but he does admit to participating in killings like the one in Ostrog. "They were so utterly shocked and timid, you could do with them what you wanted.'" </p><p>Vasyl Valdeman: "Kids were crying, the sick were crying, the elderly were praying to God. Not on their knees but seated or lying down. It was very tough to go through it all, hearing all this wailing and crying. Then they had everyone get up and said 'Go', and as soon as people started moving, they selected people for shooting, for execution." </p><p>The selected Ukrainian Jews were taken out to this spot and a pit was dug. In scenes which were repeated right across the areas of the Soviet Union occupied by the Nazis, men, women and children were ordered to strip and prepare to die. The killings went on into the evening. Vasyl Valdeman and his mother managed to escape and hide in a nearby village. But the SS killed his father, grandfather and two uncles. </p><p>Vasyl Valdeman: "That's how it was—the first execution—the most horrible one. It wasn't the last one. There were three more large executions after that with 2000 to 3000 people shot at every one of them. More people were executed afterwards in smaller scale ones and this is how the Jewish community of Ostrog was annihilated."<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Casualties">Casualties</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1st_SS_Infantry_Brigade&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Casualties"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Between formation in 1941 and January 1944 the Brigade reported the following casualties, from an establishment of 6,271 officers and men: </p> <ul><li>Killed 20 officers, 306 <a href="/wiki/Non-commissioned_officer" title="Non-commissioned officer">NCOs</a> and other ranks</li> <li>Wounded 38 officers, 805 <a href="/wiki/Non-commissioned_officer" title="Non-commissioned officer">NCOs</a> and other ranks</li> <li>Missing 4 officers, 119 <a href="/wiki/Non-commissioned_officer" title="Non-commissioned officer">NCOs</a> and other ranks<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Commanders">Commanders</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1st_SS_Infantry_Brigade&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Commanders"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Brigadef%C3%BChrer" title="Brigadeführer">Brigadeführer</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Karl_Demelhuber&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Karl Demelhuber (page does not exist)">Karl Demelhuber</a> (24 April 1941 – 25 June 1941)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oberf%C3%BChrer" title="Oberführer">Oberführer</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Richard_Herrmann_(SS_officer)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Richard Herrmann (SS officer) (page does not exist)">Richard Herrmann</a> (25 June 1941 – 27 December 1941)</li> <li>Brigadeführer <a href="/w/index.php?title=Wilhelm_Hartenstein&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wilhelm Hartenstein (page does not exist)">Wilhelm Hartenstein</a> (27 December 1941 – November 1942)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Obergruppenf%C3%BChrer" title="Obergruppenführer">Obergruppenführer</a> <a href="/wiki/Erich_von_dem_Bach-Zelewsky" class="mw-redirect" title="Erich von dem Bach-Zelewsky">Erich von dem Bach-Zelewsky</a> (December 1942)</li> <li>Brigadeführer Wilhelm Harenstein (December 1942 – May 1943)</li> <li>Brigadeführer <a href="/w/index.php?title=Karl_Herrmann&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Karl Herrmann (page does not exist)">Karl Herrmann</a> (31 July 1943 – October 1943)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sturmbannf%C3%BChrer" title="Sturmbannführer">Sturmbannführer</a> <a href="/wiki/Wilhelm_Trabandt" title="Wilhelm Trabandt">Wilhelm Trabandt</a> (18 October 1943 – 24 Jan 1944)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Footnotes">Footnotes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1st_SS_Infantry_Brigade&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Footnotes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-h1-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-h1_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-h1_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Hannes_Heer" title="Hannes Heer">Hannes Heer</a>, War of Extermination, p.136</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-axis.history-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-axis.history_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-axis.history_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-axis.history_2-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-axis.history_2-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-axis.history_2-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-axis.history_2-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-axis.history_2-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-axis.history_2-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-axis.history_2-8"><sup><i><b>i</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-axis.history_2-9"><sup><i><b>j</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-axis.history_2-10"><sup><i><b>k</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFGrcar,_Miha" class="citation web cs1">Grcar, Miha. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.axishistory.com/axis-nations/120-germany-waffen-ss/germany-waffen-ss-brigades/1334-1-ss-infanterie-brigade-mot">"1. SS-Infanterie-Brigade (mot)"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">16 February</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=1.+SS-Infanterie-Brigade+%28mot%29&rft.au=Grcar%2C+Miha&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.axishistory.com%2Faxis-nations%2F120-germany-waffen-ss%2Fgermany-waffen-ss-brigades%2F1334-1-ss-infanterie-brigade-mot&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1st+SS+Infantry+Brigade" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Goldsworthy, Valhalla's Warriors: A history of the Waffen-SS on the Eastern Front 1941–1944</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Klee, Dressen, and Riess, eds, The Good Old Days: The Holocaust as Seen by Its Perpetrators and Bystanders, p. 205-207.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Mazower, Mark (2008) Hitler's Empire, pg 409</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.pbs.org/auschwitz/about/transcripts.html">"auscwitz.inside.the.nazi.state"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/PBS" title="PBS">PBS</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090120171126/http://www.pbs.org/auschwitz/about/transcripts.html">Archived</a> from the original on 20 January 2009<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">17 February</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=PBS&rft.atitle=auscwitz.inside.the.nazi.state&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.pbs.org%2Fauschwitz%2Fabout%2Ftranscripts.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1st+SS+Infantry+Brigade" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Munoz Forgotten Legions</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bibliography">Bibliography</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1st_SS_Infantry_Brigade&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Bibliography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Terry Goldsworthy, <i>Valhalla's Warriors: A history of the Waffen-SS on the Eastern Front 1941–1945</i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hannes_Heer" title="Hannes Heer">Hannes Heer</a> & <a href="/wiki/Klaus_Naumann_(historian)" title="Klaus Naumann (historian)">Klaus Naumann</a> (eds.), <i>War of Extermination: The German Military in World War II 1941–1944</i>, Berghahn Books, 2000, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-57181-232-6" title="Special:BookSources/1-57181-232-6">1-57181-232-6</a></li> <li>Ernst Klee, Willi Dressen, Volker Riess – <i>The Good Old Days: The Holocaust as Seen by Its Perpetrators</i></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist 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navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:SS_brigades" title="Template:SS brigades"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:SS_brigades" title="Template talk:SS brigades"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:SS_brigades" title="Special:EditPage/Template:SS brigades"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Waffen-SS_brigades" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><i><a href="/wiki/Waffen-SS" title="Waffen-SS">Waffen-SS</a></i> brigades</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#d7d7d7;;width:1%">Panzer</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/SS_Panzer_Brigade_Gross" title="SS Panzer Brigade Gross">Gross</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SS_Brigade_Westfalen" title="SS Brigade Westfalen">Westfalen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Panzer_Brigade_150" title="Panzer Brigade 150">150</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#d7d7d7;;width:1%">Panzer-<br />grenadier</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/SS_Brigade_Schuldt" class="mw-redirect" title="SS Brigade Schuldt">Schuldt</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/4th_SS_Volunteer_Panzergrenadier_Brigade_Nederland" class="mw-redirect" title="4th SS Volunteer Panzergrenadier Brigade Nederland">4 Nederland</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SS_Panzergrenadier_Brigade_49" title="SS Panzergrenadier Brigade 49">49</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SS_Panzergrenadier_Brigade_51" title="SS Panzergrenadier Brigade 51">51</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#d7d7d7;;width:1%"><i>Sturmbrigade</i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Walloon_Legion" title="Walloon Legion">Wallonia</a></b></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Flemish_Legion" title="Flemish Legion">Langemarck</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sturmbrigade_Reichsf%C3%BChrer_SS" class="mw-redirect" title="Sturmbrigade Reichsführer SS">Reichsführer SS</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/SS_Volunteer_Sturmbrigade_France" title="SS Volunteer Sturmbrigade France">France</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dirlewanger_Brigade" title="Dirlewanger Brigade">Dirlewanger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kaminski_Brigade" class="mw-redirect" title="Kaminski Brigade">Kaminski</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#d7d7d7;;width:1%">Cavalry</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/SS_Cavalry_Brigade" title="SS Cavalry Brigade">SS Cavalry Brigade</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#d7d7d7;;width:1%">Infantry</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">1st SS Infantry Brigade</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2nd_SS_Infantry_Brigade" title="2nd SS Infantry Brigade">2nd SS Infantry Brigade</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/3rd_Estonian_SS_Volunteer_Brigade" title="3rd Estonian SS Volunteer Brigade">3 Estonian</a></b></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/34_SS" class="mw-redirect" title="34 SS">Landstorm Nederland</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/29th_Waffen_Grenadier_Division_of_the_SS_(1st_Italian)" title="29th Waffen Grenadier Division of the SS (1st Italian)">1 Italian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/33_SS" class="mw-redirect" title="33 SS">Charlemagne (1 French)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/30th_Waffen_Grenadier_Division_of_the_SS" title="30th Waffen Grenadier Division of the SS">1 Belarussian</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#d7d7d7;;width:1%">Police</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Schutzmannschaft-Brigade_Siegling" title="Schutzmannschaft-Brigade Siegling">Schutzmannschaft-Brigade Siegling</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="background:#d7d7d7;"><div>Units marked in <b>bold</b> were officially named "volunteer". <br /> <i>See also</i>: <a href="/wiki/List_of_Waffen-SS_units" title="List of Waffen-SS units">List of Waffen-SS units</a>, <a href="/wiki/List_of_Waffen-SS_brigades" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Waffen-SS brigades">List of Waffen-SS brigades</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Wehrmacht_Army_Group_Rear_Areas_during_the_German–Soviet_War,_1941–45" style=";wide;padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Army_Group_Rear_Area_(Wehrmacht)" title="Template:Army Group Rear Area (Wehrmacht)"><abbr title="View this template" style="color:inherit">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Army_Group_Rear_Area_(Wehrmacht)" title="Template talk:Army Group Rear Area (Wehrmacht)"><abbr title="Discuss this template" style="color:inherit">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Army_Group_Rear_Area_(Wehrmacht)" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Army Group Rear Area (Wehrmacht)"><abbr title="Edit this template" style="color:inherit">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Wehrmacht_Army_Group_Rear_Areas_during_the_German–Soviet_War,_1941–45" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Wehrmacht" title="Wehrmacht">Wehrmacht</a> <a href="/wiki/Army_Group_Rear_Area" class="mw-redirect" title="Army Group Rear Area">Army Group Rear Areas</a> during the <a href="/wiki/German%E2%80%93Soviet_War" class="mw-redirect" title="German–Soviet War">German–Soviet War</a>, 1941–45</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/Army_Group_Rear_Area_Command_(Wehrmacht)" class="mw-redirect" title="Army Group Rear Area Command (Wehrmacht)">Army Group Rear Area Command</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Army_Group_North_Rear_Area" title="Army Group North Rear Area">North</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Army_Group_Centre_Rear_Area" title="Army Group Centre Rear Area">Centre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Army_Group_South_Rear_Area" title="Army Group South Rear Area">South</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">Commanding organisations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/OKH" class="mw-redirect" title="OKH">Army High Command</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kommandostab_Reichsf%C3%BChrer-SS" title="Kommandostab Reichsführer-SS">Kommandostab Reichsführer-SS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Army_Group_North" title="Army Group North">Army Group North</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Army_Group_Centre" title="Army Group Centre">Army Group Centre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Army_Group_South" title="Army Group South">Army Group South</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">Commanders</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Erich_Friderici" title="Erich Friderici">Erich Friderici</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ludwig_K%C3%BCbler" title="Ludwig Kübler">Ludwig Kübler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kuno-Hans_von_Both" title="Kuno-Hans von Both">Kuno-Hans von Both</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Franz_von_Roques" title="Franz von Roques">Franz von Roques</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karl_von_Roques" title="Karl von Roques">Karl von Roques</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edwin_Graf_von_Rothkirch_und_Trach" title="Edwin Graf von Rothkirch und Trach">Edwin von Rothkirch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Max_von_Schenckendorff" title="Max von Schenckendorff">Max von Schenckendorff</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joachim_Witth%C3%B6ft" title="Joachim Witthöft">Joachim Witthöft</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/Security_Division_(Wehrmacht)" title="Security Division (Wehrmacht)">Security Divisions</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/201st_Security_Division_(Wehrmacht)" class="mw-redirect" title="201st Security Division (Wehrmacht)">201st</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/203rd_Security_Division_(Wehrmacht)" class="mw-redirect" title="203rd Security Division (Wehrmacht)">203rd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/207th_Security_Division_(Wehrmacht)" class="mw-redirect" title="207th Security Division (Wehrmacht)">207th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/213th_Security_Division_(Wehrmacht)" class="mw-redirect" title="213th Security Division (Wehrmacht)">213th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/221st_Security_Division_(Wehrmacht)" class="mw-redirect" title="221st Security Division (Wehrmacht)">221st</a> (<a href="/wiki/Police_Battalion_309" title="Police Battalion 309">Police Battalion (PB) 309</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/281st_Security_Division_(Wehrmacht)" title="281st Security Division (Wehrmacht)">281st</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/285th_Security_Division_(Wehrmacht)" title="285th Security Division (Wehrmacht)">285th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/German_286th_Security_Division" class="mw-redirect" title="German 286th Security Division">286th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/403rd_Security_Division" title="403rd Security Division">403rd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/444th_Security_Division_(Wehrmacht)" title="444th Security Division (Wehrmacht)">444th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/454th_Security_Division_(Wehrmacht)" title="454th Security Division (Wehrmacht)">454th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/707th_Infantry_Division_(Wehrmacht)" class="mw-redirect" title="707th Infantry Division (Wehrmacht)">707th</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/Higher_SS_and_Police_Leader" class="mw-redirect" title="Higher SS and Police Leader">HSS-PF</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Erich_von_dem_Bach-Zelewski" title="Erich von dem Bach-Zelewski">Erich von dem Bach-Zelewski</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Friedrich_Jeckeln" title="Friedrich Jeckeln">Friedrich Jeckeln</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hans-Adolf_Pr%C3%BCtzmann" title="Hans-Adolf Prützmann">Hans-Adolf Prützmann</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/Order_Police_battalions" title="Order Police battalions">Order Police</a> and <a href="/wiki/Schutzstaffel" title="Schutzstaffel">SS</a> Detachments</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Einsatzgruppen" title="Einsatzgruppen">Einsatzgruppen</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Police_Battalion_9&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Police Battalion 9 (page does not exist)">PB 9</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Police_Regiment_North" title="Police Regiment North">Police Regiment North</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Police_Regiment_Centre" title="Police Regiment Centre">Police Regiment Centre</a> (<a href="/wiki/Police_Battalion_307" title="Police Battalion 307">PB 307</a>, <a href="/wiki/Police_Battalion_316" title="Police Battalion 316">PB 316</a>, <a href="/wiki/Police_Battalion_322" title="Police Battalion 322">PB 322</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Police_Regiment_South" title="Police Regiment South">Police Regiment South</a> (<a href="/wiki/Police_Battalion_45" title="Police Battalion 45">PB 45</a>, <a href="/wiki/Police_Battalion_303" title="Police Battalion 303">PB 303</a>, <a href="/wiki/Police_Battalion_314" title="Police Battalion 314">PB 314</a>)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Police_Regiment_Special_Purpose&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Police Regiment Special Purpose (page does not exist)">Police Regiment Special Purpose</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Police_Battalion_304&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Police Battalion 304 (page does not exist)">PB 304</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Police_Battalion_315&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Police Battalion 315 (page does not exist)">PB 315</a>, <a href="/wiki/Police_Battalion_320" title="Police Battalion 320">PB 320</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/SS_Cavalry_Brigade" title="SS Cavalry Brigade">SS Cavalry Brigade</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">1st SS Infantry Brigade</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2nd_SS_Infantry_Brigade" title="2nd SS Infantry Brigade">2nd SS Infantry Brigade</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">Milestones</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hunger_Plan" title="Hunger Plan">Hunger Plan</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hitler%27s_speech_of_30_March_1941&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hitler's speech of 30 March 1941 (page does not exist)">Hitler's speech of 30 March 1941</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Criminal_orders_(Nazi_Germany)" title="Criminal orders (Nazi Germany)">Criminal orders</a> (<a href="/wiki/Barbarossa_Decree" class="mw-redirect" title="Barbarossa Decree">Barbarossa Decree</a> * <a href="/wiki/Commissar_Order" title="Commissar Order">Commissar Order</a> * <a href="/wiki/Guidelines_for_the_Conduct_of_the_Troops_in_Russia" title="Guidelines for the Conduct of the Troops in Russia">Guidelines for the Conduct of the Troops in Russia</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mogilev_conference" class="mw-redirect" title="Mogilev conference">Mogilev conference</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nazi_security_warfare" class="mw-redirect" title="Nazi security warfare">Nazi security warfare</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/War_crimes_of_the_Wehrmacht" title="War crimes of the Wehrmacht">Major crimes</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Babi_Yar" title="Babi Yar">Babi Yar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kamianets-Podilskyi_massacre" title="Kamianets-Podilskyi massacre">Kamianets-Podilskyi massacre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/German_atrocities_committed_against_Soviet_prisoners_of_war" title="German atrocities committed against Soviet prisoners of war">Persecution of Soviet prisoners of war</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">War crimes trials</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/High_Command_Trial" title="High Command Trial">High Command Trial</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kharkov_Trial" title="Kharkov Trial">Kharkov Trial</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Krasnodar_Trial" title="Krasnodar Trial">Krasnodar Trial</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minsk_Trial" title="Minsk Trial">Minsk Trial</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Riga_Trial" title="Riga Trial">Riga Trial</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ukase_43" class="mw-redirect" title="Ukase 43">Ukase 43</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">Related articles</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/The_Holocaust" title="The Holocaust">The Holocaust</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/War_of_annihilation" title="War of annihilation">War of annihilation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/War_crimes_of_the_Wehrmacht" title="War crimes of the Wehrmacht">War crimes of the Wehrmacht</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Myth_of_the_clean_Wehrmacht" title="Myth of the clean Wehrmacht">Myth of the clean Wehrmacht</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">Historiography</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Encyclopedia_of_Camps_and_Ghettos,_1933%E2%80%931945" title="Encyclopedia of Camps and Ghettos, 1933–1945">Encyclopedia of Camps and Ghettos, 1933–1945</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Hitler%E2%80%99s_Bandit_Hunters" class="mw-redirect" title="Hitler’s Bandit Hunters">Hitler’s Bandit Hunters</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Hitler%27s_Generals_on_Trial" title="Hitler's Generals on Trial">Hitler's Generals on Trial</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Hitler%27s_War_in_the_East_1941%E2%88%921945" class="mw-redirect" title="Hitler's War in the East 1941−1945">Hitler's War in the East 1941−1945</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Marching_into_Darkness" title="Marching into Darkness">Marching into Darkness: The Wehrmacht and the Holocaust</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Wehrmacht:_History,_Myth,_Reality" title="The Wehrmacht: History, Myth, Reality">The Wehrmacht: History, Myth, Reality</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Schutzstaffel_(SS)" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3" style="background:#d7d7d7;;background:#c3c3c3;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:SS_organizations" title="Template:SS organizations"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:SS_organizations" title="Template talk:SS organizations"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:SS_organizations" title="Special:EditPage/Template:SS organizations"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Schutzstaffel_(SS)" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><i><a href="/wiki/Schutzstaffel" title="Schutzstaffel">Schutzstaffel</a></i> (SS)</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#d7d7d7;;width:1%">Branches</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Allgemeine_SS" title="Allgemeine SS">Allgemeine SS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SS-Totenkopfverb%C3%A4nde" title="SS-Totenkopfverbände">SS-Totenkopfverbände</a> (SS-TV)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Waffen-SS" title="Waffen-SS">Waffen-SS</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="9" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px;padding:0 0.3em 2.2em;"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_the_Schutzstaffel.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="SS insignia"><img alt="SS insignia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Flag_of_the_Schutzstaffel.svg/50px-Flag_of_the_Schutzstaffel.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="33" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Flag_of_the_Schutzstaffel.svg/75px-Flag_of_the_Schutzstaffel.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Flag_of_the_Schutzstaffel.svg/100px-Flag_of_the_Schutzstaffel.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="341" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#d7d7d7;;width:1%">Leadership</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Reichsf%C3%BChrer-SS" title="Reichsführer-SS">Reichsführer-SS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SS_and_police_leader" title="SS and police leader">SS and police leader</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Units_and_commands_of_the_Schutzstaffel" title="Units and commands of the Schutzstaffel">SS commands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Allgemeine-SS_regional_commands" title="Allgemeine-SS regional commands">Allgemeine-SS regional commands</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#d7d7d7;;width:1%">Leaders</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Julius_Schreck" title="Julius Schreck">Julius Schreck</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Berchtold" title="Joseph Berchtold">Joseph Berchtold</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erhard_Heiden" title="Erhard Heiden">Erhard Heiden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heinrich_Himmler" title="Heinrich Himmler">Heinrich Himmler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karl_Hanke" title="Karl Hanke">Karl Hanke</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#d7d7d7;;width:1%">Main departments</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Personal_Staff_Reichsf%C3%BChrer-SS" title="Personal Staff Reichsführer-SS">Personal Staff Reichsführer-SS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kommandostab_Reichsf%C3%BChrer-SS" title="Kommandostab Reichsführer-SS">Command Staff Reichsführer-SS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SS_Main_Office" title="SS Main Office">SS Main Office</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SS_Medical_Corps" title="SS Medical Corps">SS Medical Corps</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SS_F%C3%BChrungshauptamt" title="SS Führungshauptamt">Head Operational Office</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reich_Security_Main_Office" title="Reich Security Main Office">Reich Security Main Office</a> (RSHA)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/SS_Main_Economic_and_Administrative_Office" title="SS Main Economic and Administrative Office">Economics and Administration Office</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SS_Race_and_Settlement_Main_Office" title="SS Race and Settlement Main Office">Office of Race and Settlement (RuSHA)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Volksdeutsche_Mittelstelle" title="Volksdeutsche Mittelstelle">Main Office for Ethnic Germans (VOMI)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reich_Commissioner_for_the_Consolidation_of_German_Nationhood" title="Reich Commissioner for the Consolidation of German Nationhood">Office of the Reich Commissioner for Germanic Resettlement (RKFDV)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SS_Court_Main_Office" title="SS Court Main Office">Courts Office</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SS_Personnel_Main_Office" title="SS Personnel Main Office">Personnel Office</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SS_Education_Office" title="SS Education Office">Education Office</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#d7d7d7;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Ideology_of_the_SS" title="Ideology of the SS">Ideological institutions</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ahnenerbe" title="Ahnenerbe">Ahnenerbe</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Das_Schwarze_Korps" title="Das Schwarze Korps">Das Schwarze Korps</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SS-Junker_Schools" title="SS-Junker Schools">SS-Junker Schools</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lebensborn" title="Lebensborn">Lebensborn</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#d7d7d7;;width:1%">Police and security services</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ordnungspolizei" title="Ordnungspolizei">Uniformed police (Orpo)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Schutzpolizei_(Nazi_Germany)" title="Schutzpolizei (Nazi Germany)">Schutzpolizei (Schupo)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kriminalpolizei_(Nazi_Germany)" title="Kriminalpolizei (Nazi Germany)">Criminal police (Kripo)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gestapo" title="Gestapo">Secret State Police (Gestapo)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sicherheitspolizei" title="Sicherheitspolizei">State Security Police (SiPo)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sicherheitsdienst" title="Sicherheitsdienst">SS Security Service (SD)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zollgrenzschutz" title="Zollgrenzschutz">Customs Border Guards (ZGS)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#d7d7d7;;width:1%">Führer protection</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/SS-Begleitkommando_des_F%C3%BChrers" title="SS-Begleitkommando des Führers">SS-Begleitkommando des Führers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reichssicherheitsdienst" title="Reichssicherheitsdienst">Reichssicherheitsdienst</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#d7d7d7;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Waffen-SS_units" title="List of Waffen-SS units">Waffen-SS units</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;background:#c3c3c3;">Paramilitary</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Einsatzgruppen" title="Einsatzgruppen">Einsatzgruppen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Schutzmannschaft" title="Schutzmannschaft">Schutzmannschaft</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Belarusian_Auxiliary_Police" title="Belarusian Auxiliary Police">Byelorussian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Latvian_Auxiliary_Police" title="Latvian Auxiliary Police">Latvian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lithuanian_Auxiliary_Police_Battalions" class="mw-redirect" title="Lithuanian Auxiliary Police Battalions">Lithuanian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ukrainian_Auxiliary_Police" title="Ukrainian Auxiliary Police">Ukrainian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Estonian_Auxiliary_Police" title="Estonian Auxiliary Police">Estonian</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rollkommando_Hamann" title="Rollkommando Hamann">Rollkommando Hamann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arajs_Kommando" title="Arajs Kommando">Arajs Kommando</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Selbstschutz" title="Selbstschutz">Selbstschutz</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Volksdeutscher_Selbstschutz" title="Volksdeutscher Selbstschutz">Volksdeutscher</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trawniki_men" title="Trawniki men">Trawnikis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Order_Police_battalions" title="Order Police battalions">Order Police battalions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hiwi_(volunteer)" title="Hiwi (volunteer)">Hiwi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Security_Battalions" title="Security Battalions">Security Battalions (Greece)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;background:#c3c3c3;"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Waffen-SS_divisions" title="List of Waffen-SS divisions">Waffen-SS divisions</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/SS-Verf%C3%BCgungstruppe" title="SS-Verfügungstruppe">SS-Verfügungstruppe</a> (SS-VT)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1st_SS_Panzer_Division_Leibstandarte_SS_Adolf_Hitler" title="1st SS Panzer Division Leibstandarte SS Adolf Hitler">Leibstandarte (LSSAH)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2nd_SS_Panzer_Division_Das_Reich" title="2nd SS Panzer Division Das Reich">SS Division Das Reich</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/3rd_SS_Panzer_Division_Totenkopf" title="3rd SS Panzer Division Totenkopf">SS Division Totenkopf</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/4th_SS_Polizei_Panzergrenadier_Division" title="4th SS Polizei Panzergrenadier Division">SS Polizei Division</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/5th_SS_Panzer_Division_Wiking" title="5th SS Panzer Division Wiking">SS Division Wiking</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;background:#c3c3c3;"><a href="/wiki/Waffen-SS_foreign_volunteers_and_conscripts" title="Waffen-SS foreign volunteers and conscripts">Foreign SS units</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Austrian_SS" title="Austrian SS">Austrian SS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Germanic-SS" class="mw-redirect" title="Germanic-SS">Germanic-SS</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Nederlandsche_SS" class="mw-redirect" title="Nederlandsche SS">Germaansche SS in Nederland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Algemeene-SS_Vlaanderen" class="mw-redirect" title="Algemeene-SS Vlaanderen">Germaansche SS in Vlaanderen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Germanske_SS_Norge" class="mw-redirect" title="Germanske SS Norge">Germanske SS Norge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Schalburg_Corps" class="mw-redirect" title="Schalburg Corps">Schalburg Corps</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/British_Free_Corps" title="British Free Corps">British Free Corps</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kaminski_Brigade" class="mw-redirect" title="Kaminski Brigade">Kaminski Brigade</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Finnish_Volunteer_Battalion_of_the_Waffen-SS" class="mw-redirect" title="Finnish Volunteer Battalion of the Waffen-SS">Finnish Volunteer Battalion</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#d7d7d7;;width:1%">SS-controlled enterprises</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Deutsche_Wirtschaftsbetriebe" title="Deutsche Wirtschaftsbetriebe">Deutsche Wirtschaftsbetriebe</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/German_Earth_and_Stone_Works" title="German Earth and Stone Works">German Earth and Stone Works</a> (DEST)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ostindustrie" title="Ostindustrie">Ostindustrie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/German_Equipment_Works" title="German Equipment Works">German Equipment Works</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Klinker-Zement&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Klinker-Zement (page does not exist)">Klinker-Zement</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Allach_(porcelain)" title="Allach (porcelain)">Allach porcelain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apollinaris_(water)" title="Apollinaris (water)">Apollinaris</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mattoni" class="mw-redirect" title="Mattoni">Mattoni</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sudetenquell" 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