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Henry Singleton Pennell - Wikipedia
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id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Recipient of the Victoria Cross</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard" style="width:25.5em;border-spacing:2px;"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size:125%; background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;"><div style="display:inline-block" class="fn">Henry Singleton Pennell</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image" style="border-bottom: 1px solid #aaa;; line-height: 1.5em"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Henry_Singleton_Pennell_VC.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/b8/Henry_Singleton_Pennell_VC.jpg/220px-Henry_Singleton_Pennell_VC.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="302" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/b8/Henry_Singleton_Pennell_VC.jpg/330px-Henry_Singleton_Pennell_VC.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/b/b8/Henry_Singleton_Pennell_VC.jpg 2x" data-file-width="437" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em">Born</th><td class="infobox-data">18 June 1874<br /><a href="/wiki/Dawlish" title="Dawlish">Dawlish</a>, <a href="/wiki/Devon" title="Devon">Devon</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em">Died</th><td class="infobox-data">19 January 1907<br /><a href="/wiki/St_Moritz" class="mw-redirect" title="St Moritz">St Moritz</a>, <a href="/wiki/Switzerland" title="Switzerland">Switzerland</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em">Buried</th><td class="infobox-data"><div style="display:inline" class="label">Dawlish Parish Churchyard</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em">Allegiance</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em">Service <wbr />/ branch</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Flag_of_the_British_Army.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_British_Army.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Flag_of_the_British_Army.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_British_Army.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Flag_of_the_British_Army.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_British_Army.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="710" data-file-height="406" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/British_Army" title="British Army">British Army</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em">Years of service</th><td class="infobox-data">1893 - 1907</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em">Rank</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Captain_(British_Army_and_Royal_Marines)" title="Captain (British Army and Royal Marines)">Captain</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em">Unit</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Sherwood_Foresters" title="Sherwood Foresters">Derbyshire Regiment</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em">Battles / wars</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Tirah_campaign" title="Tirah campaign">Tirah campaign</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Second_Boer_War" title="Second Boer War">Second Boer War</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em">Awards</th><td class="infobox-data"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:UK_Victoria_Cross_ribbon_bar.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/UK_Victoria_Cross_ribbon_bar.svg/30px-UK_Victoria_Cross_ribbon_bar.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/UK_Victoria_Cross_ribbon_bar.svg/45px-UK_Victoria_Cross_ribbon_bar.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/UK_Victoria_Cross_ribbon_bar.svg/60px-UK_Victoria_Cross_ribbon_bar.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="218" data-file-height="60" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Victoria_Cross" title="Victoria Cross">Victoria Cross</a></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>Captain <b>Henry Singleton Pennell</b> <a href="/wiki/Victoria_Cross" title="Victoria Cross">VC</a> (18 June 1874 – 19 January 1907) was an <a href="/wiki/England" title="England">English</a> recipient of the <a href="/wiki/Victoria_Cross" title="Victoria Cross">Victoria Cross</a>, the highest and most prestigious award for gallantry in the face of the enemy that can be awarded to <a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom">British</a> and <a href="/wiki/Commonwealth_of_Nations" title="Commonwealth of Nations">Commonwealth</a> forces. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Early_life_and_background">Early life and background</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Henry_Singleton_Pennell&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Early life and background"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>He was born in 1874 in <a href="/wiki/Dawlish" title="Dawlish">Dawlish</a>, <a href="/wiki/Devon" title="Devon">Devon</a> to Edwin Francis Pennell and his wife Henrietta née Copeland and was educated <a href="/wiki/Eastbourne_College" title="Eastbourne College">Eastbourne College</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sussex" title="Sussex">Sussex</a> where there is now a Pennell House. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Military_career">Military career</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Henry_Singleton_Pennell&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Military career"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Pennell attended the <a href="/wiki/Royal_Military_College,_Sandhurst" title="Royal Military College, Sandhurst">Royal Military College, Sandhurst</a>, from 1892 to 1893, before joining the <a href="/wiki/Derbyshire_Regiment" class="mw-redirect" title="Derbyshire Regiment">Derbyshire Regiment</a> (later <a href="/wiki/The_Sherwood_Foresters_(Nottinghamshire_and_Derbyshire_Regiment)" class="mw-redirect" title="The Sherwood Foresters (Nottinghamshire and Derbyshire Regiment)">The Sherwood Foresters (Nottinghamshire and Derbyshire Regiment)</a>) as a <a href="/wiki/Second_lieutenant" title="Second lieutenant">second lieutenant</a> on 21 October 1893.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He was prompted to <a href="/wiki/Lieutenant_(British_Army_and_Royal_Marines)" title="Lieutenant (British Army and Royal Marines)">lieutenant</a> on 18 July 1896.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Pennell was 23 years old, and a <a href="/wiki/Lieutenant" title="Lieutenant">lieutenant</a> in the 2nd Battalion, The Derbyshire Regiment, <a href="/wiki/British_Army" title="British Army">British Army</a> during the <a href="/wiki/Tirah_Campaign" class="mw-redirect" title="Tirah Campaign">Tirah Campaign</a>, <a href="/wiki/British_India" class="mw-redirect" title="British India">British India</a> when the following deed took place on 20 October 1897 for which he was awarded the VC. </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1244412712">.mw-parser-output .templatequote{overflow:hidden;margin:1em 0;padding:0 32px}.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{line-height:1.5em;text-align:left;margin-top:0}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{padding-left:1.6em}}</style><blockquote class="templatequote"><p>During the attack on the <a href="/wiki/Dargai_Heights" class="mw-redirect" title="Dargai Heights">Dargai Heights</a>, Tirah, <a href="/wiki/British_India" class="mw-redirect" title="British India">British India</a>, when a captain of The Derbyshire Regiment was struck down, Lieutenant Pennell ran to his assistance and made two attempts, under a hail of bullets, to carry and drag him back to cover. The lieutenant only gave up when he found that the wounded officer was dead.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p></blockquote> <p>He was also awarded the <a href="/wiki/India_Medal" title="India Medal">India Medal</a> with 2 clasps. </p><p>During the <a href="/wiki/Second_Boer_War" title="Second Boer War">Second Boer War</a> he was part of the large force sent out to relieve the <a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Ladysmith" title="Siege of Ladysmith">Siege of Ladysmith</a>, and took part in the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Spion_Kop" title="Battle of Spion Kop">Battle of Spion Kop</a> (January 1900) and the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_the_Tugela_Heights" title="Battle of the Tugela Heights">Battle of the Tugela Heights</a> (February 1900), where he was wounded on the day before the <a href="/wiki/Relief_of_Ladysmith" title="Relief of Ladysmith">actual relief of the city</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He was awarded the <a href="/wiki/Queen%27s_South_Africa_Medal" title="Queen's South Africa Medal">Queen's South Africa Medal</a> with 2 clasps and was twice <a href="/wiki/Mentioned_in_dispatches" title="Mentioned in dispatches">mentioned in dispatches</a>. He later achieved the rank of Staff Captain at <a href="/wiki/Southern_Command_(United_Kingdom)" title="Southern Command (United Kingdom)">Southern Command</a>. He was promoted to <a href="/wiki/Captain_(BARM)" class="mw-redirect" title="Captain (BARM)">captain</a> on 30 May 1900. </p><p>He was accidentally killed on 19 January 1907 whilst <a href="/wiki/Tobogan" class="mw-redirect" title="Tobogan">toboganning</a> on the <a href="/wiki/Cresta_Run" title="Cresta Run">Cresta Run</a> at <a href="/wiki/St_Moritz" class="mw-redirect" title="St Moritz">St Moritz</a>, <a href="/wiki/Switzerland" title="Switzerland">Switzerland</a>. He is buried in <a href="/wiki/Dawlish" title="Dawlish">Dawlish</a> Parish Churchyard where there is a large MI to him and others of the family. </p><p>His Victoria Cross is displayed at the Sherwood Foresters Museum, <a href="/wiki/Nottingham_Castle" title="Nottingham Castle">Nottingham Castle</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> His sword made by Wilkinson Sword Museum on 13 July 1893 numbered 32227 is in possession of a Military Antiques Toronto in Ontario Canada. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Henry_Singleton_Pennell&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080118145503/http://www.wfrmuseum.org.uk/vcwinners.htm">"Victoria Cross Winners"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.wfrmuseum.org.uk/vcwinners.htm">the original</a> on 18 January 2008<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">18 January</span> 2008</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Victoria+Cross+Winners&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.wfrmuseum.org.uk%2Fvcwinners.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHenry+Singleton+Pennell" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Hart′s Army list, 1901</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGazette26968" class="citation magazine cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.thegazette.co.uk/London/issue/26968/page/3165">"No. 26968"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_London_Gazette" title="The London Gazette">The London Gazette</a></i>. 20 May 1898. pp. 3165–3165.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+London+Gazette&rft.atitle=No.+26968&rft.pages=3165-3165&rft.date=1898-05-20&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.thegazette.co.uk%2FLondon%2Fissue%2F26968%2Fpage%2F3165&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHenry+Singleton+Pennell" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1">"The War – Casualties". <i>The Times</i>. No. 36080. London. 3 March 1900. p. 9.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Times&rft.atitle=The+War+%E2%80%93+Casualties&rft.issue=36080&rft.pages=p.-9&rft.date=1900-03-03&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHenry+Singleton+Pennell" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080118145503/http://www.wfrmuseum.org.uk/vcwinners.htm">"Victoria Cross Winners"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.wfrmuseum.org.uk/vcwinners.htm">the original</a> on 18 January 2008<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">18 January</span> 2008</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Victoria+Cross+Winners&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.wfrmuseum.org.uk%2Fvcwinners.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHenry+Singleton+Pennell" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20041125092218/http://www.homeusers.prestel.co.uk/stewart/devonshi.htm">Location of grave and VC medal</a> <i>(Devonshire)</i></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.victoriacross.org.uk/mmpenn01.htm">Details from VC.Org</a></li></ul> <!-- NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.codfw.main‐7b99587986‐znhrz Cached time: 20241219141836 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1] CPU time usage: 0.269 seconds Real time usage: 0.350 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 1454/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 18489/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 2356/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 13/100 Expensive parser function count: 2/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 1/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 15589/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.132/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 4714543/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 0/400 --> <!-- Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 302.683 1 -total 38.77% 117.359 1 Template:Reflist 28.75% 87.019 1 Template:Infobox_military_person 26.22% 79.364 1 Template:Infobox 24.61% 74.504 2 Template:Cite_web 23.54% 71.238 1 Template:Short_description 13.16% 39.826 2 Template:Pagetype 6.35% 19.218 7 Template:Main_other 6.13% 18.555 1 Template:London_Gazette 5.36% 16.231 1 Template:SDcat --> <!-- Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:1220096:|#|:idhash:canonical and timestamp 20241219141836 and revision id 1260412788. 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