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Examining these issues through the lens of racial residential segregation can offer new insights into the junctures of the political economy of social inequality with discrimination, environmental degradation, and health. More importantly, this line of inquiry may highlight whether observed pollution-health outcome relationships are modified by segregation and whether segregation patterns impact diverse communities differently.","publication_date":"2006,,","publication_name":"Environmental Research","grobid_abstract_attachment_id":"36352277"},"document_type":"paper","pre_hit_view_count_baseline":null,"quality":"high","language":"en","title":"The riskscape and the color line: Examining the role of segregation in environmental health disparities","broadcastable":true,"draft":null,"has_indexable_attachment":true,"indexable":true}}["work"]; window.loswp.workCoauthors = [25143950]; window.loswp.locale = "en"; window.loswp.countryCode = "SG"; window.loswp.cwvAbTestBucket = ""; window.loswp.designVariant = "ds_vanilla"; window.loswp.fullPageMobileSutdModalVariant = "full_page_mobile_sutd_modal"; window.loswp.useOptimizedScribd4genScript = false; window.loswp.appleClientId = 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Structural racism is an environmental justice issue.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Structural Racism as an Environmental Justice Issue: A Multilevel Analysis of the State Racism Index and Environmental Health Risk from Air Toxics","attachmentId":78243559,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/67420370/Structural_Racism_as_an_Environmental_Justice_Issue_A_Multilevel_Analysis_of_the_State_Racism_Index_and_Environmental_Health_Risk_from_Air_Toxics","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/67420370/Structural_Racism_as_an_Environmental_Justice_Issue_A_Multilevel_Analysis_of_the_State_Racism_Index_and_Environmental_Health_Risk_from_Air_Toxics"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="2" data-entity-id="2673338" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/2673338/Children_at_risk_Measuring_racial_ethnic_disparities_in_potential_exposure_to_air_pollution_at_school_and_home">Children at risk: Measuring racial/ethnic disparities in potential exposure to air pollution at school and home</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="100984" href="https://unm.academia.edu/PaulZandbergen">Paul Zandbergen</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">2007</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">Abstract Study objective: This paper addresses the environmental justice implications of children's health by exploring racial/ethnic disparities in potential exposure to air pollution, based on both school and home locations of children and three different types of pollution sources, in Orange County, Florida, USA.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Children at risk: Measuring racial/ethnic disparities in potential exposure to air pollution at school and home","attachmentId":31455516,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/2673338/Children_at_risk_Measuring_racial_ethnic_disparities_in_potential_exposure_to_air_pollution_at_school_and_home","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/2673338/Children_at_risk_Measuring_racial_ethnic_disparities_in_potential_exposure_to_air_pollution_at_school_and_home"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="3" data-entity-id="280762" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title 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Counties","attachmentId":36356433,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/280762/Environmental_Equity_In_Urban_Texas_Race_Income_and_Patterns_of_Acute_and_Chronic_Toxic_Air_Releases_In_Metropolitan_Counties","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/280762/Environmental_Equity_In_Urban_Texas_Race_Income_and_Patterns_of_Acute_and_Chronic_Toxic_Air_Releases_In_Metropolitan_Counties"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="4" data-entity-id="30200734" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/30200734/National_environmental_health_measures_for_minority_and_low_income_populations_Tracking_social_disparities_in_environmental_health">National environmental health measures for minority and low-income populations: Tracking social disparities in environmental health</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="57428691" href="https://umcp.academia.edu/DevonPayneSturges">Devon Payne-Sturges</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Environmental Research, 2006</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"National environmental health measures for minority and low-income populations: Tracking social disparities in environmental health","attachmentId":50659306,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/30200734/National_environmental_health_measures_for_minority_and_low_income_populations_Tracking_social_disparities_in_environmental_health","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/30200734/National_environmental_health_measures_for_minority_and_low_income_populations_Tracking_social_disparities_in_environmental_health"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="5" data-entity-id="96135194" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/96135194/Racial_Ethnic_Disparities_in_Cumulative_Environmental_Health_Impacts_in_California_Evidence_From_a_Statewide_Environmental_Justice_Screening_Tool_CalEnviroScreen_1_1_">Racial/Ethnic Disparities in Cumulative Environmental Health Impacts in California: Evidence From a Statewide Environmental Justice Screening Tool (CalEnviroScreen 1.1)</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="33033490" href="https://berkeley.academia.edu/LauraAugust">Laura August</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">American Journal of Public Health, 2015</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">Objectives. We used an environmental justice screening tool (CalEnviroScreen 1.1) to compare the distribution of environmental hazards and vulnerable populations across California communities. Methods. CalEnviroScreen 1.1 combines 17 indicators created from 2004 to 2013 publicly available data into a relative cumulative impact score. We compared cumulative impact scores across California zip codes on the basis of their location, urban or rural character, and racial/ethnic makeup. We used a concentration index to evaluate which indicators were most unequally distributed with respect to race/ethnicity and poverty. Results. The unadjusted odds of living in one of the 10% most affected zip codes were 6.2, 5.8, 1.9, 1.8, and 1.6 times greater for Hispanics, African Americans, Native Americans, Asian/Pacific Islanders, and other or multiracial individuals, respectively, than for non-Hispanic Whites. Environmental hazards were more regressively distributed with respect to race/ethnicity th...</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Racial/Ethnic Disparities in Cumulative Environmental Health Impacts in California: Evidence From a Statewide Environmental Justice Screening Tool (CalEnviroScreen 1.1)","attachmentId":98117467,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/96135194/Racial_Ethnic_Disparities_in_Cumulative_Environmental_Health_Impacts_in_California_Evidence_From_a_Statewide_Environmental_Justice_Screening_Tool_CalEnviroScreen_1_1_","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/96135194/Racial_Ethnic_Disparities_in_Cumulative_Environmental_Health_Impacts_in_California_Evidence_From_a_Statewide_Environmental_Justice_Screening_Tool_CalEnviroScreen_1_1_"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="6" data-entity-id="51813582" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/51813582/Understanding_environmental_health_inequalities_through_comparative_intracategorical_analysis_Racial_ethnic_disparities_in_cancer_risks_from_air_toxics_in_El_Paso_County_Texas">Understanding environmental health inequalities through comparative intracategorical analysis: Racial/ethnic disparities in cancer risks from air toxics in El Paso County, Texas</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="191555203" href="https://independent.academia.edu/YolandaMcDonald4">Yolanda McDonald</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Health & Place, 2011</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Understanding environmental health inequalities through comparative intracategorical analysis: Racial/ethnic disparities in cancer risks from air toxics in El Paso County, Texas","attachmentId":69369412,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/51813582/Understanding_environmental_health_inequalities_through_comparative_intracategorical_analysis_Racial_ethnic_disparities_in_cancer_risks_from_air_toxics_in_El_Paso_County_Texas","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/51813582/Understanding_environmental_health_inequalities_through_comparative_intracategorical_analysis_Racial_ethnic_disparities_in_cancer_risks_from_air_toxics_in_El_Paso_County_Texas"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="7" data-entity-id="106035297" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/106035297/Race_and_the_Distribution_of_Social_and_Physical_Environmental_Risk">Race and the Distribution of Social and Physical Environmental Risk</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="33618244" href="https://umich.academia.edu/AmySchulz">Amy Schulz</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Du Bois Review: Social Science Research on Race, 2016</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">Since W. E. B. Du Bois documented the physical and social environments of Philadelphia’s predominantly African American Seventh Ward over a century ago, there has been continued interest in understanding the distribution of social and physical environments by racial make-up of communities. Characterization of these environments allows for documentation of inequities, identifies communities which encounter heightened risk, and can inform action to promote health equity. In this paper, we apply and extend Du Bois’s approach to examine the contemporary distribution of physical environmental exposures, health risks, and social vulnerabilities in the Detroit metropolitan area, one of the most racially-segregated areas in the United States. We begin by mapping the proximity of sensitive populations to hazardous land uses, their exposure to air pollutants and associated health risks, and social vulnerabilities, as well as cumulative risk (combined proximity, exposure, and vulnerability), a...</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Race and the Distribution of Social and Physical Environmental Risk","attachmentId":105338684,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/106035297/Race_and_the_Distribution_of_Social_and_Physical_Environmental_Risk","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/106035297/Race_and_the_Distribution_of_Social_and_Physical_Environmental_Risk"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="8" data-entity-id="34833314" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/34833314/Multi_Contextual_Segregation_and_Environmental_Justice_Research_Toward_Fine_Scale_Spatiotemporal_Approaches">Multi‐Contextual Segregation and Environmental Justice Research: Toward Fine‐Scale Spatiotemporal Approaches</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="20459096" href="https://cuhk.academia.edu/httpmeipokwanorg">Mei-Po Kwan</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">Many environmental justice studies have sought to examine the effect of residential segregation on unequal exposure to environmental factors among different social groups, but little is known about how segregation in non‐residential contexts affects such disparity. Based on a review of the relevant literature, this paper discusses the limitations of traditional residence‐based approaches in examining the association between socioeconomic or racial/ethnic segregation and unequal environmental exposure in environmental justice research. It emphasizes that future research needs to go beyond residential segregation by considering the full spectrum of segregation experienced by people in various geographic and temporal contexts of everyday life. Along with this comprehensive understanding of segregation, the paper also highlights the importance of assessing environmental exposure at a high spatiotemporal resolution in environmental justice research. The successful integration of a comprehensive concept of segregation, high‐resolution data and fine‐grained spatiotemporal approaches to assessing segregation and environmental exposure would provide more nuanced and robust findings on the associations between segregation and disparities in environmental exposure and their health impacts. Moreover, it would also contribute to significantly expanding the scope of environmental justice research.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Multi‐Contextual Segregation and Environmental Justice Research: Toward Fine‐Scale Spatiotemporal Approaches","attachmentId":54691677,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/34833314/Multi_Contextual_Segregation_and_Environmental_Justice_Research_Toward_Fine_Scale_Spatiotemporal_Approaches","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/34833314/Multi_Contextual_Segregation_and_Environmental_Justice_Research_Toward_Fine_Scale_Spatiotemporal_Approaches"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="9" data-entity-id="22891097" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/22891097/Understanding_The_Cumulative_Impacts_Of_Inequalities_In_Environmental_Health_Implications_For_Policy">Understanding The Cumulative Impacts Of Inequalities In Environmental Health: Implications For Policy</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="32936131" href="https://independent.academia.edu/MichaelJerrett">Michael Jerrett</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Health Affairs, 2011</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Understanding The Cumulative Impacts Of Inequalities In Environmental Health: Implications For Policy","attachmentId":43431237,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/22891097/Understanding_The_Cumulative_Impacts_Of_Inequalities_In_Environmental_Health_Implications_For_Policy","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/22891097/Understanding_The_Cumulative_Impacts_Of_Inequalities_In_Environmental_Health_Implications_For_Policy"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div></div></div><div class="ds-sticky-ctas--wrapper js-loswp-sticky-ctas hidden"><div class="ds-sticky-ctas--grid-container"><div class="ds-sticky-ctas--container"><button class="ds2-5-button js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"continue-reading-button--sticky-ctas","attachmentId":36352277,"attachmentType":"pdf","workUrl":null}">See full PDF</button><button class="ds2-5-button ds2-5-button--secondary js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"download-pdf-button--sticky-ctas","attachmentId":36352277,"attachmentType":"pdf","workUrl":null}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">download</span>Download PDF</button></div></div></div><div class="ds-below-fold--grid-container"><div class="ds-work--container js-loswp-embedded-document"><div class="attachment_preview" data-attachment="Attachment_36352277" style="display: none"><div class="js-scribd-document-container"><div class="scribd--document-loading js-scribd-document-loader" style="display: block;"><img alt="Loading..." src="//a.academia-assets.com/images/loaders/paper-load.gif" /><p>Loading Preview</p></div></div><div style="text-align: center;"><div class="scribd--no-preview-alert js-preview-unavailable"><p>Sorry, preview is currently unavailable. 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