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{"work":{"id":101544055,"created_at":"2023-05-10T00:43:25.088-07:00","from_world_paper_id":233410379,"updated_at":"2024-11-23T11:43:02.592-08:00","_data":{"publisher":"Informa UK Limited","grobid_abstract":"We present robust results on the empirical relationship among income inequality, innovation, and economic growth for a panel dataset of 74 countries over the period 1996-2014. We estimate pairwise causality tests to show that there is bidirectional causality between GDP per capita and R\u0026D, while R\u0026D causes the Gini index of income inequality, and it causes human capital. Allowing coefficients to be different across cross-sections of countries, we get in any case a pairwise bidirectionality. By dynamic panel data estimations, when regressing R\u0026D on GDP per capita, we obtain a threshold value of 0.16% of R\u0026D such that for values above it there is economic growth. While regressing R\u0026D on the Gini index, we get a threshold of 0.10% of R\u0026D above which, the income distribution begins to improve. Finally, we estimate a growth equation that depends on R\u0026D, income inequality, and physical capital. We obtain two thresholds, one of 38.79 for the Gini (above which the economic growth decreases), and one of 0.06% for R\u0026D such that above it, economic growth is rising.","publication_date":"2018,,","publication_name":"Economics of Innovation and New Technology","grobid_abstract_attachment_id":"102056982"},"document_type":"paper","pre_hit_view_count_baseline":null,"quality":"high","language":"en","title":"On the impact of innovation and inequality in economic growth","broadcastable":true,"draft":null,"has_indexable_attachment":true,"indexable":true,"seo_quality":null}}["work"]; window.loswp.workCoauthors = [715964]; window.loswp.locale = "en"; window.loswp.countryCode = "SG"; window.loswp.cwvAbTestBucket = ""; window.loswp.designVariant = "ds_vanilla"; window.loswp.fullPageMobileSutdModalVariant = "control"; window.loswp.useOptimizedScribd4genScript = false; window.loginModal = {}; window.loginModal.appleClientId = 'edu.academia.applesignon'; window.userInChina = "false";</script><script defer="" src="https://accounts.google.com/gsi/client"></script><div class="ds-loswp-container"><div class="ds-work-card--grid-container"><div class="ds-work-card--container js-loswp-work-card"><div class="ds-work-card--cover"><div class="ds-work-cover--wrapper"><div class="ds-work-cover--container"><button class="ds-work-cover--clickable js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"swp-splash-paper-cover","attachmentId":102056982,"attachmentType":"pdf"}"><img alt="First page of “On the impact of innovation and inequality in economic growth”" class="ds-work-cover--cover-thumbnail" src="https://0.academia-photos.com/attachment_thumbnails/102056982/mini_magick20230510-1-wq3ep7.png?1683704718" /><img alt="PDF Icon" class="ds-work-cover--file-icon" src="//a.academia-assets.com/images/single_work_splash/adobe_icon.svg" /><div class="ds-work-cover--hover-container"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">download</span><p>Download Free PDF</p></div><div class="ds-work-cover--ribbon-container">Download Free PDF</div><div class="ds-work-cover--ribbon-triangle"></div></button></div></div></div><div class="ds-work-card--work-information"><h1 class="ds-work-card--work-title">On the impact of innovation and inequality in economic growth</h1><div class="ds-work-card--work-authors ds-work-card--detail"><a class="ds-work-card--author js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="715964" href="https://unifi.academia.edu/EdgarJSanchezCarrera"><img alt="Profile image of Edgar J. Sanchez Carrera" class="ds-work-card--author-avatar" src="https://0.academia-photos.com/715964/243460/4926144/s65_edgar.sanchez_carrera.jpg" />Edgar J. Sanchez Carrera</a></div><div class="ds-work-card--detail"><p class="ds-work-card--detail ds2-5-body-sm">2018, Economics of Innovation and New Technology</p><div class="ds-work-card--work-metadata"><div class="ds-work-card--work-metadata__stat"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">visibility</span><p class="ds2-5-body-sm" id="work-metadata-view-count">…</p></div><div class="ds-work-card--work-metadata__stat"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">description</span><p class="ds2-5-body-sm">19 pages</p></div><div class="ds-work-card--work-metadata__stat"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">link</span><p class="ds2-5-body-sm">1 file</p></div></div><script>(async () => { const workId = 101544055; const worksViewsPath = "/v0/works/views?subdomain_param=api&work_ids%5B%5D=101544055"; const getWorkViews = async (workId) => { const response = await fetch(worksViewsPath); if (!response.ok) { throw new Error('Failed to load work views'); } const data = await response.json(); return data.views[workId]; }; // Get the view count for the work - we send this immediately rather than waiting for // the DOM to load, so it can be available as soon as possible (but without holding up // the backend or other resource requests, because it's a bit expensive and not critical). const viewCount = await getWorkViews(workId); const updateViewCount = (viewCount) => { try { const viewCountNumber = parseInt(viewCount, 10); if (viewCountNumber === 0) { // Remove the whole views element if there are zero views. document.getElementById('work-metadata-view-count')?.parentNode?.remove(); return; } const commaizedViewCount = viewCountNumber.toLocaleString(); const viewCountBody = document.getElementById('work-metadata-view-count'); if (!viewCountBody) { throw new Error('Failed to find work views element'); } viewCountBody.textContent = `${commaizedViewCount} views`; } catch (error) { // Remove the whole views element if there was some issue parsing. document.getElementById('work-metadata-view-count')?.parentNode?.remove(); throw new Error(`Failed to parse view count: ${viewCount}`, error); } }; // If the DOM is still loading, wait for it to be ready before updating the view count. if (document.readyState === "loading") { document.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', () => { updateViewCount(viewCount); }); // Otherwise, just update it immediately. } else { updateViewCount(viewCount); } })();</script></div><p class="ds-work-card--work-abstract ds-work-card--detail ds2-5-body-md">We present robust results on the empirical relationship among income inequality, innovation, and economic growth for a panel dataset of 74 countries over the period 1996-2014. We estimate pairwise causality tests to show that there is bidirectional causality between GDP per capita and R&D, while R&D causes the Gini index of income inequality, and it causes human capital. Allowing coefficients to be different across cross-sections of countries, we get in any case a pairwise bidirectionality. By dynamic panel data estimations, when regressing R&D on GDP per capita, we obtain a threshold value of 0.16% of R&D such that for values above it there is economic growth. While regressing R&D on the Gini index, we get a threshold of 0.10% of R&D above which, the income distribution begins to improve. Finally, we estimate a growth equation that depends on R&D, income inequality, and physical capital. We obtain two thresholds, one of 38.79 for the Gini (above which the economic growth decreases), and one of 0.06% for R&D such that above it, economic growth is rising.</p><div class="ds-work-card--button-container"><div class="primary-buttons "><button class="ds2-5-button js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"continue-reading-button--work-card","attachmentId":102056982,"attachmentType":"pdf","workUrl":"https://www.academia.edu/101544055/On_the_impact_of_innovation_and_inequality_in_economic_growth"}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">description</span>See full PDF</button><button class="ds2-5-button ds2-5-button--secondary js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"download-pdf-button--work-card","attachmentId":102056982,"attachmentType":"pdf","workUrl":"https://www.academia.edu/101544055/On_the_impact_of_innovation_and_inequality_in_economic_growth"}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">download</span>Download PDF</button></div></div><div class="ds-signup-banner-trigger-container"><div class="ds-signup-banner-trigger ds-signup-banner-trigger-control"></div></div><div class="ds-signup-banner ds-signup-banner-control"><div id="ds-signup-banner-close-button"><button class="ds2-5-button ds2-5-button--secondary ds2-5-button--inverse"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">close</span></button></div><div class="ds-signup-banner-ctas" data-impression-entity-id="101544055" data-impression-entity-type="2" data-impression-source="signup-banner"><img src="//a.academia-assets.com/images/academia-logo-capital-white.svg" /><h4 class="ds2-5-heading-serif-sm">Sign up for access to the world's latest research</h4><button class="ds2-5-button ds2-5-button--inverse ds2-5-button--full-width js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"signup-banner"}">Sign up for free<span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">arrow_forward</span></button></div><div class="ds-signup-banner-divider"></div><div class="ds-signup-banner-reasons"><div class="ds-signup-banner-reasons-item"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 24px" translate="no">check</span><span>Get notified about relevant papers</span></div><div class="ds-signup-banner-reasons-item"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 24px" translate="no">check</span><span>Save papers to use in your research</span></div><div class="ds-signup-banner-reasons-item"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 24px" translate="no">check</span><span>Join the discussion with peers</span></div><div class="ds-signup-banner-reasons-item"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 24px" translate="no">check</span><span>Track your impact</span></div></div></div><script>(() => { // Set up signup banner show/hide behavior: // 1. 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The analysis is conducted at three different levels: by world region, by industrial sector and by country. While the analysis by world region does not produce any clear cut evidence, the analysis by sector yields some evidence that income inequality in the South may have a positive effect on research and development (RnD) expenditures in some industrial sectors located in the North, such as non electricals and pharmaceuticals. Income inequality in both world regions seems also to play a role on the amount of technology that is transferred to the developing world. The sign of the effect might be positive for some sectors and negative for others, but the overall impact is probably negative in the case of Northern income inequality and positive with respe...</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Testing Schumpeterian growth theory: the role of income inequality as a determinant of research and development expenditures (developed economies) and successful technology transfers (developing econo","attachmentId":99610627,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/98191961/Testing_Schumpeterian_growth_theory_the_role_of_income_inequality_as_a_determinant_of_research_and_development_expenditures_developed_economies_and_successful_technology_transfers_developing_econo","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/98191961/Testing_Schumpeterian_growth_theory_the_role_of_income_inequality_as_a_determinant_of_research_and_development_expenditures_developed_economies_and_successful_technology_transfers_developing_econo"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="5" data-entity-id="109435323" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/109435323/On_the_dynamic_relationship_between_Inequality_and_Economic_growth">On the dynamic relationship between Inequality and Economic growth</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="44009839" href="https://independent.academia.edu/DonghunKim4">Dong Heon Kim</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">2020</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">This study re-examines the nonlinear relationship between inequality and economic growth in the dynamic context and addresses what the nonlinear function looks like and the nature of nonlinearity. To this end, we employ the methodology of the nonlinear flexible inference for the unknown functional relation. The estimation results based on the panel data set of 77 countries for the period 1982 ̃ 2011 confirm earlier findings for the nonlinear relationship between inequality and growth. In particular, we find that there exists a threshold value in the Gini Coefficient and when the level of inequality is greater than the threshold value, the reduction in inequality seems to enhance economic growth whereas while the level is less than the threshold value, the reduction in inequality appears to retard economic growth. The inclusion of the threshold specification appears to characterize the nonlinear relationship adequately and thus seems to capture the nature of nonlinearity.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"On the dynamic relationship between Inequality and Economic growth","attachmentId":107561664,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/109435323/On_the_dynamic_relationship_between_Inequality_and_Economic_growth","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/109435323/On_the_dynamic_relationship_between_Inequality_and_Economic_growth"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="6" data-entity-id="104150174" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/104150174/Income_Inequality_Innovation_and_Human_capital_Nexus">Income Inequality, Innovation and Human capital Nexus</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="276612958" href="https://independent.academia.edu/ZemedDeguMangesha">Zemed Degu Mangesha</a><span>, </span><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="1514185" href="https://punjabiuniversity.academia.edu/LakhwinderSingh">Lakhwinder Singh</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Seoul Journal of Economics, 2023</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">Global economy has shown a rising income inequality as well as increasing the influence of innovations. Economic theory of income inequality-innovation nexus and empirical evidence are counter intuitive. Therefore, the present study attempts to examine a comparative analysis of income inequality, innovation and human capital relationship among the 15 Asia-Pacific countries using timeseries data from 1990 to 2020. The study employs the Augmented Dickey-Fuller and Phillips-Perron unit root test methods to examine the stationarity of variables and the ARDL bounds co-integration approach to estimate the long run relationship between income inequality, innovation and human capital development. Results of the bounds co-integration test indicated that there is a long run equilibrium relationship between income inequality, innovation and human capital in both models with interaction term and without interaction term for all the 15 countries. With human capital as a mediating variable, findings of the long run ARDL model indicated that innovation variable adversely affects income inequality across countries and over time in majority of the sampled countries. This study examined the innovation-inequality connection over time and unraveled the puzzle why innovations generate income inequality in some countries but not in others. Therefore, it is suggested that there is a dire need to relook at the innovation system that should use both bottom-up and top-down approach with a right mix to have an impact on the reduction of income inequality in the long run.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Income Inequality, Innovation and Human capital Nexus","attachmentId":103952910,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/104150174/Income_Inequality_Innovation_and_Human_capital_Nexus","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/104150174/Income_Inequality_Innovation_and_Human_capital_Nexus"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="7" data-entity-id="73720026" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/73720026/The_relationship_between_inequality_and_GDP_growth_An_empirical_approach">The relationship between inequality and GDP growth: An empirical approach</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="8927827" href="https://unisg.academia.edu/CostanzaNaguib">Costanza Naguib</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">2015</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">The aim of this work is to analyze the relationship between inequality and economic growth. The results obtained by previous empirical papers were mixed. Authors such as Persson and Tabellini (1991) or Alesina and Rodrik (1994), in fact, find evidence of a negative relationship between the two variables of interest; on the contrary, Li and Zou (1998) and Forbes (2000) find that greater inequality is associated with faster economic growth. Barro (2000 and 2008) claims that inequality has a positive effect on GDP growth in advanced economies, but has a negative impact in developing ones. The present work considers two samples of OCSE countries; in the full sample 33 countries are analyzed for the 1971-2010 period and inequality data are taken from the UNU-WIDER dataset. In the restricted sample 27 countries are considered for the 1981-2010 period and inequality data from the Luxembourg Income Study are used. The estimation technique employed are fixed effects, random effects and GMM A...</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"The relationship between inequality and GDP growth: An empirical approach","attachmentId":82130676,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/73720026/The_relationship_between_inequality_and_GDP_growth_An_empirical_approach","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/73720026/The_relationship_between_inequality_and_GDP_growth_An_empirical_approach"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="8" data-entity-id="123520013" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/123520013/A_Correlational_Study_on_Income_Inequality_and_Economic_Growth">A Correlational Study on Income Inequality and Economic Growth</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="289497024" href="https://independent.academia.edu/LakshyaBatta">Lakshya Batta</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">International Journal of Science and Research (IJSR), 2024</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">The relationship between income inequality and economic growth has been the subject of extensive theoretical debate, with varying predictions on whether inequality fosters or hinders growth. This study investigates the relationship between income inequality and economic growth using a fixed-effects model, estimated on cross-country data spanning from 1963 to 2015. The findings suggest a robust negative correlation between income inequality and economic growth, with stronger effects observed in more developed countries.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"A Correlational Study on Income Inequality and Economic Growth","attachmentId":117932295,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/123520013/A_Correlational_Study_on_Income_Inequality_and_Economic_Growth","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/123520013/A_Correlational_Study_on_Income_Inequality_and_Economic_Growth"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="9" data-entity-id="5934115" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/5934115/Inequality_and_Growth_Granger_causality_for_OECD_countries">Inequality and Growth: Granger causality for OECD countries</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="8819639" href="https://nottingham.academia.edu/BekhzodKlichev">Bekhzod Klichev</a></div><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Inequality and Growth: Granger causality for OECD countries","attachmentId":32907746,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/5934115/Inequality_and_Growth_Granger_causality_for_OECD_countries","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/5934115/Inequality_and_Growth_Granger_causality_for_OECD_countries"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div></div></div><div class="ds-sticky-ctas--wrapper js-loswp-sticky-ctas hidden"><div class="ds-sticky-ctas--grid-container"><div class="ds-sticky-ctas--container"><button class="ds2-5-button js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"continue-reading-button--sticky-ctas","attachmentId":102056982,"attachmentType":"pdf","workUrl":null}">See full PDF</button><button class="ds2-5-button ds2-5-button--secondary js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"download-pdf-button--sticky-ctas","attachmentId":102056982,"attachmentType":"pdf","workUrl":null}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">download</span>Download PDF</button></div></div></div><div class="ds-below-fold--grid-container"><div class="ds-work--container js-loswp-embedded-document"><div class="attachment_preview" data-attachment="Attachment_102056982" style="display: none"><div class="js-scribd-document-container"><div class="scribd--document-loading js-scribd-document-loader" style="display: block;"><img alt="Loading..." src="//a.academia-assets.com/images/loaders/paper-load.gif" /><p>Loading Preview</p></div></div><div style="text-align: center;"><div class="scribd--no-preview-alert js-preview-unavailable"><p>Sorry, preview is currently unavailable. You can download the paper by clicking the button above.</p></div></div></div></div><div class="ds-sidebar--container js-work-sidebar"><div class="ds-related-content--container"><h2 class="ds-related-content--heading">Related papers</h2><div class="ds-related-work--container js-related-work-sidebar-card" data-collection-position="0" data-entity-id="18748716" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-related-work-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/18748716/Economic_Growth_and_Inequality">Economic Growth and Inequality</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-related-work-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="38753970" href="https://independent.academia.edu/BayramK%C3%BCbra">Kübra Bayram</a></div><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Economic Growth and Inequality","attachmentId":40234079,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/18748716/Economic_Growth_and_Inequality","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-related-work-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/18748716/Economic_Growth_and_Inequality"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-related-work-sidebar-card" data-collection-position="1" data-entity-id="31837289" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-related-work-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/31837289/The_Relationship_between_Inequality_and_Growth_Evidence_from_New_Data">The Relationship between Inequality and Growth: Evidence from New Data</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-related-work-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="8927827" href="https://unisg.academia.edu/CostanzaNaguib">Costanza Naguib</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Swiss Journal of Economics and Statistics, 2017</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"The Relationship between Inequality and Growth: Evidence from New Data","attachmentId":54739919,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/31837289/The_Relationship_between_Inequality_and_Growth_Evidence_from_New_Data","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-related-work-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/31837289/The_Relationship_between_Inequality_and_Growth_Evidence_from_New_Data"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-related-work-sidebar-card" data-collection-position="2" data-entity-id="34973620" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-related-work-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/34973620/Inequality_and_Economic_Growth_An_Analysis_of_8_Panels">Inequality and Economic Growth: An Analysis of 8-Panels</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-related-work-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="70994283" href="https://independent.academia.edu/KhadijahAIdowu">Khadijah A. Idowu</a><span>, </span><a class="js-related-work-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="43248144" href="https://leicester.academia.edu/YusufAdeneye">Yusuf Adeneye</a></div><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Inequality and Economic Growth: An Analysis of 8-Panels","attachmentId":54837118,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/34973620/Inequality_and_Economic_Growth_An_Analysis_of_8_Panels","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-related-work-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/34973620/Inequality_and_Economic_Growth_An_Analysis_of_8_Panels"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-related-work-sidebar-card" data-collection-position="3" data-entity-id="30470828" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-related-work-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/30470828/Revisiting_the_Relationship_between_Income_Inequality_and_Economic_Growth">Revisiting the Relationship between Income Inequality and Economic Growth</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-related-work-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="58029186" href="https://urosario.academia.edu/RArguello">Ricardo Arguello</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Lecturas De Economia, 2009</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline 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data-collection-position="4" data-entity-id="101962736" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-related-work-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/101962736/Innovation_and_income_inequality_12">Innovation and income inequality 12</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-related-work-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="2804140" href="https://uni-goettingen.academia.edu/AgnieszkaGehringer">Agnieszka Gehringer</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">2013</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Innovation and income inequality 12","attachmentId":102356913,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/101962736/Innovation_and_income_inequality_12","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-related-work-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/101962736/Innovation_and_income_inequality_12"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-related-work-sidebar-card" data-collection-position="5" data-entity-id="73913482" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-related-work-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/73913482/Effects_of_Income_Inequality_on_Growth_through_Efficiency_Improvement_and_Capital_Accumulation">Effects of Income Inequality on Growth through Efficiency Improvement and Capital Accumulation</a><div 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