Spiny Tails and Clades: A Fully Sampled Phylogeny of Hoplocercine Lizards ( Iguanidae / Hoplocercinae ) and its Taxonomic and Nomenclatural Implications

<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en-US" xml:lang="en-US"> <head> <meta charset="utf-8"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0"> <title> Spiny Tails and Clades: A Fully Sampled Phylogeny of Hoplocercine Lizards ( Iguanidae / Hoplocercinae ) and its Taxonomic and Nomenclatural Implications | Bulletin of Phylogenetic Nomenclature </title> <meta name="generator" content="Open Journal Systems 3.3.0.6"> <link rel="schema.DC" href="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/" /> <meta name="DC.Creator.PersonalName" content="Omar Torres-Carvajal"/> <meta name="DC.Creator.PersonalName" content="Fernanda Werneck"/> <meta name="DC.Creator.PersonalName" content="Igor Yuri Fernandes"/> <meta name="DC.Creator.PersonalName" content="Kevin de Queiroz"/> <meta name="DC.Date.created" scheme="ISO8601" content="2023-03-10"/> <meta name="DC.Date.dateSubmitted" scheme="ISO8601" content="2022-04-25"/> <meta name="DC.Date.issued" scheme="ISO8601" content="2022-08-19"/> <meta name="DC.Date.modified" scheme="ISO8601" content="2023-04-06"/> <meta name="DC.Description" xml:lang="en" content="Hoplocercine lizards (Enyalioides, Morunasaurus, and Hoplocercus) form a clade of ca. 20 currently recognized species. The phylogenetic relationships among hoplocercine lizards, whose members exhibit striking differences in morphology (e.g., spiny vs. non-spiny tails), have not been clearly resolved by previous molecular phylogenetic studies. We generated a considerably larger dataset including 130 new DNA sequences from one mitochondrial and four nuclear loci for all named and two unnamed species of Hoplocercinae. We analyzed the data under concatenated maximum likelihood (RAxML) and Bayesian (MrBayes) as well as summary coalescent (ASTRAL) approaches. While our phylogenetic hypotheses strongly supported the monophyly of Hoplocercinae, neither Enyalioides nor Morunasaurus was supported as monophyletic. Instead, M. groi was inferred with strong support to form a clade with E. heterolepis and E. laticeps. This clade was in turn the sister taxon to other species of Morunasaurus (M. annularis, M. peruvianus). The remaining species of Enyalioides formed a separate clade with a basal split between western (3 species) and eastern (13 species) subclades. Tree topology tests rejected the monophyly of Enyalioides but failed to reject monophyly of Morunasaurus, suggesting that further study is needed to resolve its taxonomic status. Based on our results, we establish the converted clade names Hoplocercinae, Hoplocercus, Enyalioides, and Morunasaurus, as well as the new clade name Zimiamviasaurus. "/> <meta name="DC.Format" scheme="IMT" content="application/pdf"/> <meta name="DC.Identifier" content="bpn.1.1.2"/> <meta name="DC.Identifier.pageNumber" content="8-28"/> <meta name="DC.Identifier.DOI" content="10.11646/bpn.1.1.2"/> <meta name="DC.Identifier.URI" content="https://mapress.com/bpn/article/view/bpn.1.1.2"/> <meta name="DC.Language" scheme="ISO639-1" content="en"/> <meta name="DC.Rights" content="Copyright (c) 2023 Magnolia Press Limited"/> <meta name="DC.Rights" content="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0"/> <meta name="DC.Source" content="Bulletin of Phylogenetic Nomenclature"/> <meta name="DC.Source.ISSN" content="2815-9241"/> <meta name="DC.Source.Issue" content="1"/> <meta name="DC.Source.Volume" content="1"/> <meta name="DC.Source.URI" content="https://mapress.com/bpn"/> <meta name="DC.Subject" xml:lang="en" content="Squamata"/> <meta name="DC.Title" content="Spiny Tails and Clades: A Fully Sampled Phylogeny of Hoplocercine Lizards (<em>Iguanidae</em>/ <em>Hoplocercinae</em>) and its Taxonomic and Nomenclatural Implications"/> <meta name="DC.Type" content="Text.Serial.Journal"/> <meta name="DC.Type.articleType" content="Article"/> <meta name="gs_meta_revision" content="1.1"/> <meta name="citation_journal_title" content="Bulletin of Phylogenetic Nomenclature"/> <meta name="citation_journal_abbrev" content="Bull. Phylogenet. 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class="jatsParser__meta-section-title"> <span>Issue: <a href="https://mapress.com/bpn/issue/view/bpn.1.1"> Vol. 1 No. 1: 2022–2023 </a> </span> </div> <div class="jatsParser__meta-section-title"> <span>Type: Article</span> </div> <div class="jatsParser__meta-date-published"> <span>Published:<span> <span>2023-03-10</span> </div> <div class="jatsParser__meta-doi"> <span class="jatsParser__doi-label"> DOI: </span> <span class="jatsParser__meta-doi-value"> <a href="https://doi.org/10.11646/bpn.1.1.2"> 10.11646/bpn.1.1.2 </a> </span> </div> <div class="pages"> <span>Page range:</span> 8-28 </div> <div class="views"> <span>Abstract views:</span> 740 </div> <div class="views"> <span>PDF downloaded:</span> 489 </div> </div> <h1 class="jatsParser__meta-title">Spiny Tails and Clades: A Fully Sampled Phylogeny of Hoplocercine Lizards (<em>Iguanidae</em>/ <em>Hoplocercinae</em>) and its Taxonomic and Nomenclatural Implications</h1> <ul class="jatsParser__meta-authors"> <li><a class="jatsParser__meta-author-string-href" href="#author-1"><span class="jatsParser__meta-author">Omar Torres-Carvajal</span><sup class="jatsParser__meta-symbol jatsParser__symbol-plus">+</sup><sup class="jatsParser__meta-symbol jatsParser__symbol-minus jatsParser__hide">−</sup></a></li> <li><a class="jatsParser__meta-author-string-href" href="#author-2"><span class="jatsParser__meta-author">Fernanda Werneck</span><sup class="jatsParser__meta-symbol jatsParser__symbol-plus">+</sup><sup class="jatsParser__meta-symbol jatsParser__symbol-minus jatsParser__hide">−</sup></a><a class="jatsParser__meta-orcidImage" href="https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8779-2607"><img src="https://mapress.com/plugins/themes/oldGregg/templates/images/orcid.png"></a></li> <li><a class="jatsParser__meta-author-string-href" href="#author-3"><span class="jatsParser__meta-author">Igor Yuri Fernandes</span><sup class="jatsParser__meta-symbol jatsParser__symbol-plus">+</sup><sup class="jatsParser__meta-symbol jatsParser__symbol-minus jatsParser__hide">−</sup></a><a class="jatsParser__meta-orcidImage" href="https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7930-7851"><img src="https://mapress.com/plugins/themes/oldGregg/templates/images/orcid.png"></a></li> <li><a class="jatsParser__meta-author-string-href" href="#author-4"><span class="jatsParser__meta-author">Kevin de Queiroz</span><sup class="jatsParser__meta-symbol jatsParser__symbol-plus">+</sup><sup class="jatsParser__meta-symbol jatsParser__symbol-minus jatsParser__hide">−</sup></a><a class="jatsParser__meta-orcidImage" href="https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9165-3522"><img src="https://mapress.com/plugins/themes/oldGregg/templates/images/orcid.png"></a></li> </ul> <div class="jatsParser__details-authors"> <div class="jatsParser__details-author jatsParser__hideAuthor" id="jatsParser__author-1"> <div class="jatsParser__details-author-affiliation">Museo de Zoología, Escuela de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Ecuador, Avenida 12 de Octubre y Roca, Apartado 17-01-2184, Quito-Ecuador, 2Department of Vertebrate Zoology, National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, MRC 162, Washington, DC 20560, USA</div> </div> <div class="jatsParser__details-author jatsParser__hideAuthor" id="jatsParser__author-2"> <div class="jatsParser__details-author-affiliation">Coordenação de Biodiversidade, Programa de Coleções Científicas Biológicas, Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia, Manaus, AM, Brasil</div> </div> <div class="jatsParser__details-author jatsParser__hideAuthor" id="jatsParser__author-3"> <div class="jatsParser__details-author-affiliation">Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia, Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia, Manaus, AM, Brasil</div> </div> <div class="jatsParser__details-author jatsParser__hideAuthor" id="jatsParser__author-4"> <div class="jatsParser__details-author-affiliation">Department of Vertebrate Zoology, National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, MRC 162, Washington, DC 20560, USA</div> </div> </div> <div class="jatsParser__keywords-wrapper"> <div class="jatsParser__keywords-row"> <span class="jatsParser__keyword">Enyalioides</span> <span class="jatsParser__keyword">Hoplocercus</span> <span class="jatsParser__keyword">Morunasaurus</span> <span class="jatsParser__keyword">Neotropics</span> <span class="jatsParser__keyword">PhyloCode</span> <span class="jatsParser__keyword">species tree</span> <span class="jatsParser__keyword">Squamata</span> </div> </div> </div> <div class="jatsParser__articleView"> <div class="jatsParser__left-article-block"> <div class="article-page__galleys"> <ul class="list-galleys primary-galleys"> <li> <a class="obj_galley_link pdf" href="https://mapress.com/bpn/article/view/bpn.1.1.2/50133"> PDF(6M) </a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> <div class="jatsParser__center-article-block"> <div class="jatsParser__article-fulltext" id="jatsParserFullText"> <h2 class="article-section-title jatsParser__abstract">Abstract</h2> <p>Hoplocercine lizards (<em>Enyalioides</em>, <em>Morunasaurus</em>, and <em>Hoplocercus</em>) form a clade of ca. 20 currently recognized species. The phylogenetic relationships among hoplocercine lizards, whose members exhibit striking differences in morphology (e.g., spiny vs. non-spiny tails), have not been clearly resolved by previous molecular phylogenetic studies. We generated a considerably larger dataset including 130 new DNA sequences from one mitochondrial and four nuclear loci for all named and two unnamed species of <em>Hoplocercinae</em>. We analyzed the data under concatenated maximum likelihood (RAxML) and Bayesian (MrBayes) as well as summary coalescent (ASTRAL) approaches. While our phylogenetic hypotheses strongly supported the monophyly of <em>Hoplocercinae</em>, neither <em>Enyalioides</em> nor <em>Morunasaurus</em> was supported as monophyletic. Instead, <em>M. groi</em> was inferred with strong support to form a clade with <em>E. heterolepis</em> and <em>E. laticeps</em>. This clade was in turn the sister taxon to other species of <em>Morunasaurus</em> (<em>M. annularis</em>, <em>M. peruvianus</em>). The remaining species of <em>Enyalioides</em> formed a separate clade with a basal split between western (3 species) and eastern (13 species) subclades. Tree topology tests rejected the monophyly of <em>Enyalioides</em> but failed to reject monophyly of <em>Morunasaurus</em>, suggesting that further study is needed to resolve its taxonomic status. Based on our results, we establish the converted clade names <em>Hoplocercinae</em>, <em>Hoplocercus</em>, <em>Enyalioides</em>, and <em>Morunasaurus</em>, as well as the new clade name <em>Zimiamviasaurus</em>.</p> <p> </p> <h2 class="article-section-title jatsParser__references">References</h2> <ol class="jatsParser__references-list"> <li>Alifanov, V. R. 1996. Lizard families Priscagamidae and Hoplocercidae (Sauria, Iguania): Phylogenetic position and new representatives from the Late Cretaceous of Mongolia. Paleontological Journal 30:466–483 [Paleontologicheskii Zhurnal 3:100–118]. </li> <li>Arbour, V. M., and L. E. Zanno. 2018. 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Spiny Tails and Clades: A Fully Sampled Phylogeny of Hoplocercine Lizards ( Iguanidae / Hoplocercinae ) and its Taxonomic and Nomenclatural Implications | Bulletin of Phylogenetic Nomenclature