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about="/terrestrial-parataxonomy" typeof="foaf:Document"> <span property="dc:title" content="Terrestrial Parataxonomy" class="rdf-meta element-hidden"></span><span property="sioc:num_replies" content="0" datatype="xsd:integer" class="rdf-meta element-hidden"></span> <div class="content"> <div class="field field-name-body field-type-text-with-summary field-label-hidden"><div class="field-items"><div class="field-item even" property="content:encoded"><p>Parataxonomists, rural Costa Rican residents who do formal field collection and species curation, are the platform for a serious bioinventory effort that has been ongoing since the late 1980s across the four ecosystems of Área de Conservación Guanacaste (ACG). The concept is borrowed from paramedics and paralegals – highly trained people that do quality field work, but are not formally educated doctors, lawyers, or in this case, classically trained taxonomists. Working across a dozen remote ACG field stations yielding thousands of insect specimens, the GDFCF team of parataxonomists generates a prodigious amount of species product that is transferred to a central laboratory in ACG. Tissue samples are then analyzed with the bioinformatic power of DNA barcoding to obtain precise species identities. GDFCF is a longstanding collaborator with the Biodiversity Institute of Ontario at the University of Guelph that conducts the sequencing of tissue samples received from ACG specimens, and all of the records are then transferred to the open source iBOL, the International Barcode of Life, also housed in Guelph. Together, this bioinventory system provides a new path to global bioliteracy combining the technique of DNA barcoding in combination with the field work and stready supply of species from the biologically-complex and still unknown biodiversity of ACG.</p> <p>Operating across three forest ecosystems, one marine sector and twelve research stations within Area de Conservación Guanacaste (ACG), the parataxonomists are pioneers in a new type of local conservation career.</p> <p><img typeof="foaf:Image" src="/sites/default/files/styles/standard_page_full_column/public/images/Parataxonomists/Rios%2C%20Petrona.1%20Est.%20Pitilla%2027jul10.jpg?itok=Yv70Czqu" width="610" height="407" alt="" /></p> <div class="caption">Petrona Ríos and Manuel Ríos entering data in their office at Estación Pitilla in the Atlantic-side rainforest of ACG. Estación Pitilla is one of eleven research stations staffed by parataxonomists across the ACG.</div> <p>Their daily work is searching for wild caterpillars, rearing them until they are winged butterflies and moths, and documenting the caterpillars and the plants that each caterpillar eats with photographs and databases. All this is done with scientific care.</p> <p><img typeof="foaf:Image" src="/sites/default/files/styles/standard_page_full_column/public/images/Parataxonomists/Calixto%20%26%20Manuel%20Pitilla%20rain.jpg?itok=fDutLWIJ" width="610" height="409" alt="" /></p> <div class="caption">Calixto Moraga and Manuel Ríos returning from the forest to Estación Pitilla. The plastic bags on their belt hold new caterpillars along with leaves of the plants they were eating.</div> <p><img typeof="foaf:Image" src="/sites/default/files/styles/standard_page_full_column/public/images/Parataxonomists/Gloria%3Apillow%2023aug02.jpg?itok=Q48ZwDHK" width="610" height="458" alt="" /></p> <div class="caption">Gloria Sihezar with caterpillar bags in the rearing barn of Estación San Gerardo. This station is very near the Continental Divide between the Atlantic wet rain forest and the Pacific tropical dry forest and thus a vital "mixing zone" between different ecosystems. She is replacing old leaves with fresh ones for the caterpillar to feed on.</div> <p>Because of them, the caterpillars of the ACG forests are the best studied by far anywhere in the world’s tropics.</p> <p>But it is much more than that.</p> <p>For the parataxonomists themselves, the career is a release from the life of poorly educated rural people – for men, menial labor in agriculture or on local fishing boats, for women, raising children, getting food, cooking and cleaning in a never-ending competition with other women for the attention and support of men with salaries. Parataxonomy requires constant learning, and they are respected for using their brains.</p> <p>Parataxonomy, like paramedic and paralegal, requires focused training in some of the skills – and the ethics – of a full professional, but without the long years of university and graduate study. In fact, some of them have only a primary school education or less. For some, the training was a bootcamp 6 month course, for others a long apprenticeship to experienced members. The parataxonomists not only find and rear and document caterpillars, but can identify many of the enormous number of species of caterpillars and plants that they interact with, explain the specialized clues they look for to find any species, and now have begun to write species accounts with their own text and photographs for the web.</p> <p>But it is much more than that.</p> <p>Parataxonomists are hybrids between cultures that have traditionally been distinct, with little information flow and sometimes not even much shared human understanding or respect. On the one hand they are in the world of science, communicating and providing a wealth of new data to global experts in taxonomy and ecology. On the other, they are a part of the neighboring communities, part of the school parents and grocery shoppers and churches and clinic patients with their neighbors, who may have known them all their lives.</p> <div class="caption"><img typeof="foaf:Image" src="/sites/default/files/styles/standard_page_full_column/public/Screen%20Shot%202020-06-03%20at%204.52.55%20PM.png?itok=Ljxa6K6B" width="505" height="417" alt="" /><br> Gloria Sihezar, November 2019, receiving an award, along with all the women parataxonomists, for her contribution to biodiversity conservation. Gloria has been a parataxonomist for 27 years. Of the award, she said: <em>“It was a surprise, with so many years in this work; we are filled with pride and satisfaction. We are very grateful to Dan and Winnie and ACG, because without them it would not have been possible. We enjoyed the night very much because we felt famous at that time… We all feel pride because our work is silent every day but today it was seen and recognized.”</em></div> </div></div></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </section> <section class="column column-second column-alpha clearfix"> <div class="panel-pane pane-menu-tree pane-main-menu second-level-menu" > <h2 class="pane-title"> What We Support </h2> <div class="pane-content"> <div class="menu-block-wrapper menu-block-ctools-main-menu-1 menu-name-main-menu parent-mlid-main-menu-0 menu-level-2"> <ul class="menu"><li class="first expanded active-trail menu-mlid-743 menu-965"><a href="/bioinventory-building-library-life" class="active-trail">Bioinventory of ACG</a><ul class="menu"><li class="first leaf active-trail active menu-mlid-1685 menu-965"><a href="/terrestrial-parataxonomy" class="active-trail active">Terrestrial Parataxonomy</a></li> <li class="last leaf menu-mlid-1686 menu-965"><a href="/marine-parataxonomy">Marine 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single-items-0"><li class="menu-1502 depth-1 fs-no-children first"><a href="/daniel-janzen" title="">Dan Janzen</a></li> <li class="menu-1503 depth-1 fs-no-children"><a href="/winnie-hallwachs" title="">Winnie Hallwachs</a></li> <li class="menu-1066 depth-1 fs-no-children"><a href="/frank-joyce">Frank Joyce</a></li> <li class="menu-1070 depth-1 fs-no-children"><a href="/stephen-stroud">Stephen Stroud</a></li> <li class="menu-1076 depth-1 fs-no-children"><a href="/brad-zlotnick">Brad Zlotnick</a></li> <li class="menu-1069 depth-1 fs-no-children"><a href="/rob-pringle">Rob Pringle</a></li> <li class="menu-1067 depth-1 fs-no-children"><a href="/jessie-hill">Jessie Hill</a></li> <li class="menu-1072 depth-1 fs-no-children"><a href="/scott-miller">Scott Miller</a></li> <li class="menu-1562 depth-1 fs-no-children"><a href="/alex-smith">Alex Smith</a></li> <li class="menu-1667 depth-1 fs-no-children"><a href="/sara-oconnor">Sara O'Connor</a></li> <li class="menu-1668 depth-1 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Green</a></li> <li class="menu-1628 depth-1 fs-no-children"><a href="/robert-puschendorf-phd" title="Robert Puschendorf">Robert Puschendorf</a></li> <li class="menu-1723 depth-1 fs-no-children"><a href="/b%C3%A9ryl-lacoste-hamilton">Béryl Lacoste Hamilton</a></li> <li class="menu-1753 depth-1 fs-no-children last"><a href="/terri-mccarthy">Terri McCarthy</a></li> </ul></li> <li class="menu-760 depth-1 fs-no-children"><a href="/our-supporters">Our Supporters</a></li> <li class="menu-1261 depth-1 fs-no-children last"><a href="/financial-information">Financial Information</a></li> </ul></li> <li class="menu-964 depth-1 total-children-2 parent-children-2 single-children-0"><a href="/content/where-we-work" class="fs-root-link">Where We Work</a><ul class="footer_links_main-menu total-items-2 parent-items-0 single-items-0"><li class="menu-740 depth-1 total-children-4 parent-children-0 single-children-4 first"><a href="/biodiversity-major-ecosystems-acg" title="Four major ecosystems of ACG">Major Ecosystems of ACG</a><ul class="footer_links_main-menu total-items-4 parent-items-0 single-items-0"><li class="menu-1205 depth-1 fs-no-children first"><a href="/marine">Marine</a></li> <li class="menu-1203 depth-1 fs-no-children"><a href="/dry-forest">Dry Forest</a></li> <li class="menu-1204 depth-1 fs-no-children"><a href="/rain-forest">Rain forest</a></li> <li class="menu-1206 depth-1 fs-no-children last"><a href="/cloud-forest">Cloud Forest</a></li> </ul></li> <li class="menu-1198 depth-1 total-children-3 parent-children-1 single-children-2 last"><a href="/biodiversity-species-and-human-dimensions" title="">Species and Human Dimensions</a><ul class="footer_links_main-menu total-items-3 parent-items-0 single-items-0"><li class="menu-1682 depth-1 fs-no-children first"><a href="/species">Species</a></li> <li class="menu-1683 depth-1 fs-no-children"><a href="/human-dimensions">Human Dimensions</a></li> <li class="menu-1684 depth-1 total-children-0 parent-children-0 single-children-0 last"><a href="/complex-natural-history-stories-0">Complex Natural History: Stories</a></li> </ul></li> </ul></li> <li class="menu-965 active-trail depth-1 total-children-5 parent-children-4 single-children-1"><a href="/content/what-we-support" class="fs-root-link">What We Support</a><ul class="footer_links_main-menu total-items-5 parent-items-0 single-items-0"><li class="menu-743 active-trail depth-1 total-children-2 parent-children-0 single-children-2 first"><a href="/bioinventory-building-library-life" class="active-trail">Bioinventory of ACG</a><ul class="footer_links_main-menu total-items-2 parent-items-0 single-items-0"><li class="menu-1685 active-trail depth-1 fs-no-children first active"><a href="/terrestrial-parataxonomy" class="active-trail active">Terrestrial Parataxonomy</a></li> <li class="menu-1686 depth-1 fs-no-children last"><a href="/marine-parataxonomy">Marine Parataxonomy</a></li> </ul></li> <li class="menu-744 depth-1 total-children-2 parent-children-0 single-children-2"><a href="/education-biodevelopment">Education for Biodevelopment</a><ul class="footer_links_main-menu total-items-2 parent-items-0 single-items-0"><li class="menu-753 depth-1 fs-no-children first"><a href="/biological-education-peb">Biological Education (PEB)</a></li> <li class="menu-754 depth-1 fs-no-children last"><a href="/marine-bioawareness">Marine Bioawareness</a></li> </ul></li> <li class="menu-745 depth-1 total-children-2 parent-children-0 single-children-2"><a href="/habitat-restoration">Habitat Restoration</a><ul class="footer_links_main-menu total-items-2 parent-items-0 single-items-0"><li class="menu-751 depth-1 fs-no-children first"><a href="/expanding-acg" title="Short history of growth from 3 national parks to the present ACG.">Expanding ACG</a></li> <li class="menu-752 depth-1 fs-no-children last"><a href="/land-management">Land Management</a></li> </ul></li> <li class="menu-1677 depth-1 fs-no-children"><a href="/bioalfa-bioliteracy-costa-rica">BioAlfa: Bioliteracy for Costa Rica</a></li> <li class="menu-1200 depth-1 total-children-2 parent-children-0 single-children-2 last"><a href="/assisting-acg-biomanagement">Assisting ACG Biomanagement</a><ul class="footer_links_main-menu total-items-2 parent-items-0 single-items-0"><li class="menu-1687 depth-1 fs-no-children first"><a href="/sea-turtle-and-jaguar-research">Sea Turtle and Jaguar Research</a></li> <li class="menu-1762 depth-1 fs-no-children last"><a href="/bird-research">Bird Research</a></li> </ul></li> </ul></li> <li class="menu-963 depth-1 total-children-5 parent-children-0 single-children-5"><a href="/ways" class="fs-root-link">Ways to Help</a><ul class="footer_links_main-menu total-items-5 parent-items-0 single-items-0"><li class="menu-1726 depth-1 fs-no-children first"><a href="/donor-advised-funds">Donor-Advised Funds</a></li> <li class="menu-1725 depth-1 fs-no-children"><a href="/gifts-stock-and-securities">Gifts of Stock and Securities</a></li> <li class="menu-1727 depth-1 fs-no-children"><a href="/ira-qualified-charitable-distribution">IRA Qualified Charitable Distribution</a></li> <li class="menu-1732 depth-1 fs-no-children"><a href="/cryptocurrency">Cryptocurrency</a></li> <li class="menu-1081 depth-1 fs-no-children last"><a href="/current-wish-list">Current Wish List</a></li> </ul></li> <li class="menu-1786 depth-1 fs-no-children"><a href="/ways" title="" class="fs-root-link">Donate</a></li> <li class="menu-468 depth-1 total-children-6 parent-children-0 single-children-6"><a href="/noticia" title="" class="fs-root-link">Latest News</a><ul class="footer_links_main-menu total-items-6 parent-items-0 single-items-0"><li class="menu-1791 depth-1 fs-no-children first"><a href="/content/dan-and-winnies-firehose-solution">Dan and Winnie's Firehose Solution</a></li> <li class="menu-1790 depth-1 fs-no-children"><a href="/content/celebrating-25th-anniversary-unesco-world-heritage-site">Celebrating the 25th Anniversary as a UNESCO World Heritage Site</a></li> <li class="menu-1789 depth-1 fs-no-children"><a href="/content/seasons-greetings-and-latest-newsletter">Season's Greetings and Latest Newsletter</a></li> <li class="menu-1788 depth-1 fs-no-children"><a href="/content/announcing-new-gdfcf-executive-director">Announcing New GDFCF Executive Director!</a></li> <li class="menu-1787 depth-1 fs-no-children"><a href="/content/insect-decline-may-be-cause-population-drop-neotropical-birds">Insect Decline May Be Cause for Population Drop in Neotropical Birds</a></li> <li class="menu-1785 depth-1 fs-no-children last"><a href="/content/studying-small-stuff-2nd-biomar-mini-symposium">Studying the Small Stuff: 2nd BioMar Mini Symposium</a></li> </ul></li> <li class="menu-1681 depth-1 total-children-8 parent-children-1 single-children-7 last"><a href="/resources" title="" class="fs-root-link">Resources</a><ul class="footer_links_main-menu total-items-8 parent-items-0 single-items-0"><li class="menu-1012 depth-1 fs-no-children first"><a href="/maps">Maps</a></li> <li class="menu-966 depth-1 total-children-0 parent-children-0 single-children-0"><a href="/publications">Publications</a></li> <li class="menu-1015 depth-1 fs-no-children"><a href="/links">Links</a></li> <li class="menu-1482 depth-1 fs-no-children"><a href="http://www.acguanacaste.ac.cr/" title="">ACG website</a></li> <li class="menu-1483 depth-1 fs-no-children"><a href="https://www.facebook.com/gdfcf" title="">Facebook</a></li> <li class="menu-1675 depth-1 fs-no-children"><a href="https://www.instagram.com/guanacaste_dry_forest/" title="">Instagram</a></li> <li class="menu-1676 depth-1 fs-no-children"><a href="https://twitter.com/gdfcf_org" title="">Twitter</a></li> <li class="menu-1492 depth-1 fs-no-children last"><a href="/contact">Contact</a></li> </ul></li> </ul></div> </div> </div> </div> </div></div> </div> </div> </section> </div> </body> </html>