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class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3.1</span> <span>Pashto</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Pashto-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Emilian" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Emilian"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3.2</span> <span>Emilian</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Emilian-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Romagnol" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Romagnol"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3.3</span> <span>Romagnol</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Romagnol-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Half_rings" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Half_rings"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.4</span> <span>Half rings</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Half_rings-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Other_uses" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Other_uses"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.5</span> <span>Other uses</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Other_uses-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Letters_with_ring" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Letters_with_ring"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Letters with ring</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Letters_with_ring-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Similar_marks" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Similar_marks"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Similar marks</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Similar_marks-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Ring (diacritic)</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 25 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-25" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">25 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ront_(sin_diakritek)" title="Ront (sin diakritek) – Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Ront (sin diakritek)" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Breton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anell_(signe_diacr%C3%ADtic)" title="Anell (signe diacrític) – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Anell (signe diacrític)" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Krou%C5%BEek_(diakritika)" title="Kroužek (diakritika) – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Kroužek (diakritika)" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ringakzent" title="Ringakzent – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Ringakzent" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anillo_(signo_diacr%C3%ADtico)" title="Anillo (signo diacrítico) – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Anillo (signo diacrítico)" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AD%D9%84%D9%82%D9%87_(%D8%AD%D8%B1%DA%A9%D8%AA%E2%80%8C%DA%AF%D8%B0%D8%A7%D8%B1%DB%8C)" title="حلقه (حرکت‌گذاری) – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="حلقه (حرکت‌گذاری)" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anel_(diacr%C3%ADtico)" title="Anel (diacrítico) – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Anel (diacrítico)" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cincin_(diakritik)" title="Cincin (diakritik) – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Cincin (diakritik)" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anello_(segno_diacritico)" title="Anello (segno diacritico) – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Anello (segno diacritico)" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%98%D7%91%D7%A2%D7%AA_(%D7%A1%D7%99%D7%9E%D7%9F_%D7%93%D7%99%D7%90%D7%A7%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%98%D7%99)" title="טבעת (סימן דיאקריטי) – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="טבעת (סימן דיאקריטי)" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cincin_(diakritik)" title="Cincin (diakritik) – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Cincin (diakritik)" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Corona_(diakritisch_teken)" title="Corona (diakritisch teken) – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Corona (diakritisch teken)" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds-nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Korona" title="Korona – Low Saxon" lang="nds-NL" hreflang="nds-NL" data-title="Korona" data-language-autonym="Nedersaksies" data-language-local-name="Low Saxon" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nedersaksies</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%AA%E3%83%B3%E3%82%B0%E7%AC%A6%E5%8F%B7" title="リング符号 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="リング符号" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/K%C3%B3%C5%82ko_(znak)" title="Kółko (znak) – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Kółko (znak)" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anel_(diacr%C3%ADtico)" title="Anel (diacrítico) – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Anel (diacrítico)" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%80%D1%83%D0%B6%D0%BE%D0%BA_(%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%B7%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BA)" title="Кружок (диакритический знак) – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Кружок (диакритический знак)" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ring_(diacritic)" title="Ring (diacritic) – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Ring (diacritic)" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kr%C3%BA%C5%BEok_(diakritick%C3%A9_znamienko)" title="Krúžok (diakritické znamienko) – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Krúžok (diakritické znamienko)" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi badge-Q70894304 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yl%C3%A4puolinen_ympyr%C3%A4" title="Yläpuolinen ympyrä – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Yläpuolinen ympyrä" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ring_(diakritiskt_tecken)" title="Ring (diakritiskt tecken) – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Ring (diakritiskt tecken)" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%96%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%86%D0%B5_(%D0%B4%D1%96%D0%B0%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%B7%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BA)" title="Кільце (діакритичний знак) – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Кільце (діакритичний знак)" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ane%C5%82o_(segno_diacr%C3%ACtego)" title="Aneło (segno diacrìtego) – Venetian" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="Aneło (segno diacrìtego)" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="Venetian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vèneto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wa mw-list-item"><a href="https://wa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bole_(diyacritike)" title="Bole (diyacritike) – Walloon" lang="wa" hreflang="wa" data-title="Bole (diyacritike)" data-language-autonym="Walon" data-language-local-name="Walloon" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Walon</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%9C%86%E5%9C%88_(%E9%99%84%E5%8A%A0%E7%AC%A6%E5%8F%B7)" title="圆圈 (附加符号) – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="圆圈 (附加符号)" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> 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class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q1143866" title="Structured data on this page hosted by Wikidata [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Wikidata item</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Appearance</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">hide</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"><span class="mw-redirectedfrom">(Redirected from <a href="/w/index.php?title=W%CC%8A&redirect=no" class="mw-redirect" title="W̊">W̊</a>)</span></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Diacritic sign</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">"˚" redirects here. For similar symbols, see <a href="/wiki/Circle_symbol_(disambiguation)" class="mw-redirect mw-disambig" title="Circle symbol (disambiguation)">Circle symbol (disambiguation)</a>.</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1251242444">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left:10px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.5em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.5em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image-div{width:52px}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0 10%}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .ambox{display:none!important}}</style><table class="box-More_citations_needed plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Refimprove" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Question_book-new.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/50px-Question_book-new.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/75px-Question_book-new.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/100px-Question_book-new.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="399" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This article <b>needs additional citations for <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">verification</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help <a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Ring_(diacritic)" title="Special:EditPage/Ring (diacritic)">improve this article</a> by <a href="/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners" title="Help:Referencing for beginners">adding citations to reliable sources</a>. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.<br /><small><span class="plainlinks"><i>Find sources:</i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?as_eq=wikipedia&q=%22Ring%22+diacritic">"Ring" diacritic</a> – <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbm=nws&q=%22Ring%22+diacritic+-wikipedia&tbs=ar:1">news</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?&q=%22Ring%22+diacritic&tbs=bkt:s&tbm=bks">newspapers</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbs=bks:1&q=%22Ring%22+diacritic+-wikipedia">books</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%22Ring%22+diacritic">scholar</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/action/doBasicSearch?Query=%22Ring%22+diacritic&acc=on&wc=on">JSTOR</a></span></small></span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">April 2020</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox" style="max-width:18em;"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="background:#ebebeb; font-size:750%; line-height:1.2; font-weight:bold; font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times, 'Nimbus Roman No9 L', 'Liberation Serif', serif, georgia;">◌̊ ◌̥</th></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header"><div style="font-size:125%; background:#ebebeb; font-weight:bold; padding:0.1em; line-height:1.2em;">Ring</div></th></tr></tbody></table> <p>A <b>ring</b> <a href="/wiki/Diacritic" title="Diacritic">diacritic</a> may appear above or below letters. It may be combined with some <a href="/wiki/Letter_(alphabet)" title="Letter (alphabet)">letters</a> of the extended <a href="/wiki/Latin_alphabet" title="Latin alphabet">Latin alphabets</a> in various contexts. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Rings">Rings</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ring_(diacritic)&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Rings"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Distinct_letter">Distinct letter</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ring_(diacritic)&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Distinct letter"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The character <a href="/wiki/%C3%85" title="Å">Å</a> (å) is derived from an <a href="/wiki/A" title="A">A</a> with a ring. It is a distinct <a href="/wiki/Letter_(alphabet)" title="Letter (alphabet)">letter</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Danish_alphabet" class="mw-redirect" title="Danish alphabet">Danish</a>, <a href="/wiki/Norwegian_alphabet" class="mw-redirect" title="Norwegian alphabet">Norwegian</a>, <a href="/wiki/Swedish_alphabet" title="Swedish alphabet">Swedish</a>, <a href="/wiki/Finnish_alphabet" class="mw-redirect" title="Finnish alphabet">Finnish</a>, <a href="/wiki/Walloon_alphabet" class="mw-redirect" title="Walloon alphabet">Walloon</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Chamorro_language" title="Chamorro language">Chamorro</a> alphabets. For example, the 29-letter Swedish alphabet begins with the <a href="/wiki/ISO_basic_Latin_alphabet" title="ISO basic Latin alphabet">basic 26 Latin letters</a> and ends with the three letters <a href="/wiki/%C3%85" title="Å">Å</a>, <a href="/wiki/%C3%84" title="Ä">Ä</a>, and <a href="/wiki/%C3%96" title="Ö">Ö</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Overring">Overring</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ring_(diacritic)&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Overring"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:UULU_2022-07-20_145004.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/UULU_2022-07-20_145004.jpg/220px-UULU_2022-07-20_145004.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/UULU_2022-07-20_145004.jpg/330px-UULU_2022-07-20_145004.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/UULU_2022-07-20_145004.jpg/440px-UULU_2022-07-20_145004.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1073" data-file-height="804" /></a><figcaption>Street name <i>U Úlů</i> ("At the beehives") in <a href="/wiki/Roudnice_nad_Labem" title="Roudnice nad Labem">Roudnice nad Labem</a> in the Czech Republic</figcaption></figure> <p>The character Ů (ů) a Latin <a href="/wiki/U" title="U">U</a> with overring, or <a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/krou%C5%BEek" class="extiw" title="wikt:kroužek">kroužek</a> is a <a href="/wiki/Grapheme" title="Grapheme">grapheme</a> in <a href="/wiki/Czech_language" title="Czech language">Czech</a> preserved for historic reasons, and represented a <a href="/wiki/Vowel_shift" title="Vowel shift">vowel shift</a>. For example, the word for "horse" used to be written <i>kóň</i>, which evolved, along with pronunciation, into <i>kuoň</i>. Ultimately, the vowel <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[o]</span> disappeared completely, and the <i>uo</i> evolved into <i>ů</i>, modern form <i>kůň</i>. The letter <i>ů</i> now has the same pronunciation as the letter <i><a href="/wiki/%C3%9A" title="Ú">ú</a></i> (long <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[uː]</span>), but changes to a short <i>o</i> when a word is morphed (e.g. nom. <i><a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/k%C5%AF%C5%88" class="extiw" title="wikt:kůň">kůň</a></i> → gen. <i>koně</i>, nom. <i>dům</i> → gen. <i>domu</i>), thus showing the historical evolution of the language. <i>Ů</i> cannot occur in initial position, while <i>ú</i> occurs almost exclusively in initial position or at the beginning of a word <a href="/wiki/Root_(linguistics)" title="Root (linguistics)">root</a> in a compound. These characters are used also in <a href="/wiki/Silesian_language" title="Silesian language">Steuer's Silesian alphabet</a>. The <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[uo]</span> pronunciation has prevailed in some <a href="/wiki/Moravian_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Moravian language">Moravian</a> dialects, as well as in <a href="/wiki/Slovak_language" title="Slovak language">Slovak</a>, which uses the letter <a href="/wiki/%C3%94" class="mw-redirect" title="Ô">ô</a> instead of ů. </p><p>The ring is used in some dialects of <a href="/wiki/Emilian_dialects" class="mw-redirect" title="Emilian dialects">Emilian</a> and <a href="/wiki/Romagnol" title="Romagnol">Romagnol</a> to distinguish the sound <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">/ʌ/</span> (å) from <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">/a/</span> (a). </p><p>ů was used in Old <a href="/wiki/Lithuanian_language" title="Lithuanian language">Lithuanian</a> in <a href="/wiki/Lithuania_Minor" title="Lithuania Minor">Lithuania Minor</a> from the 16th till the beginning of the 20th century and for a shorter time in 16th-century <a href="/wiki/Lithuania_proper" title="Lithuania proper">Lithuania Major</a> for diphthong <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[uo]</span>. </p><p>The ring was used in the Lithuanian <a href="/wiki/Cyrillic" class="mw-redirect" title="Cyrillic">Cyrillic</a> alphabet promoted by Russian authorities in the last quarter of the 19th century with the letter <a href="/wiki/U_with_ring_above_(Cyrillic)" title="U with ring above (Cyrillic)">У̊ / у̊ </a> used to represent the <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">/wɔ/</span> diphthong (now written <i>uo</i> in Lithuanian orthography). </p><p>ẘ and ẙ are used in the <a href="/wiki/ISO_233" title="ISO 233">ISO 233</a> romanization of the <a href="/wiki/Arabic_alphabet" title="Arabic alphabet">Arabic alphabet</a>. A fatḥah followed by the letter ⟨<span title="Arabic-language text"><span lang="ar" dir="rtl">ﻭ</span></span>⟩ (wāw) with a sukūn (<span title="Arabic-language text"><span lang="ar" dir="rtl">ـَوْ</span></span>) is romanized as aẘ. A fatḥah followed by the letter ⟨<span title="Arabic-language text"><span lang="ar" dir="rtl">ﻱ</span></span>⟩ (yā’) with a sukūn over it (<span title="Arabic-language text"><span lang="ar" dir="rtl">ـَيْ</span></span>) is romanized as aẙ. </p><p>Ring upon e (e̊) is used by certain <a href="/wiki/Dialectologist" class="mw-redirect" title="Dialectologist">dialectologists</a> of <a href="/wiki/Walloon_language" title="Walloon language">Walloon</a> (especially <a href="https://wa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jean-Jacques_Gaziaux" class="extiw" title="wa:Jean-Jacques Gaziaux">Jean-Jacques Gaziaux</a>) to note the <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">/ə/</span> vowel typically replacing <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">/i/</span> and <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">/y/</span> in the <a href="/wiki/Walloon_Brabant" title="Walloon Brabant">Brabant province</a> central Walloon dialects. The difficulty of type-writing it has led some writers to prefer <i>ë</i> for the same sound. </p><p>Many more characters can be created in <a href="/wiki/Unicode" title="Unicode">Unicode</a> using the <a href="/wiki/Combining_character" title="Combining character">combining character</a> <span class="nowrap"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r886049734">.mw-parser-output .monospaced{font-family:monospace,monospace}</style><span class="monospaced">U+030A</span> </span><span style="font-size:125%;line-height:1em"><span style="font-family: serif;">◌̊</span></span> <span style="font-variant: small-caps; text-transform: lowercase;">COMBINING RING ABOVE</span>, including the above-mentioned у̊ (Cyrillic у with overring) or ń̊ (n with acute and overring). </p><p>The standalone (spacing) symbol is <span class="nowrap"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886049734"><span class="monospaced">U+02DA</span> </span><span style="font-size:125%;line-height:1em">˚</span> <span style="font-variant: small-caps; text-transform: lowercase;">RING ABOVE</span>. The unrelated, but nearly identical degree symbol is <span class="nowrap"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886049734"><span class="monospaced">U+00B0</span> </span><span style="font-size:125%;line-height:1em">°</span> <span style="font-variant: small-caps; text-transform: lowercase;">DEGREE SIGN</span>. </p><p>Although similar in appearance, it is not to be confused with the Japanese <i><a href="/wiki/Handakuten" class="mw-redirect" title="Handakuten">handakuten</a></i> (<span class="nowrap"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886049734"><span class="monospaced">U+309A</span> </span><span style="font-size:125%;line-height:1em"><span style="font-family: serif;">◌゚</span></span> <span style="font-variant: small-caps; text-transform: lowercase;">COMBINING KATAKANA-HIRAGANA SEMI-VOICED SOUND MARK</span>), a diacritic used with the <i>kana</i> for syllables starting with <i>h</i> to indicate that they should instead be pronounced with <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[p]</span>. In Japanese dialectology, handakuten is used with <i>kana</i> for syllables starting with <i>k</i> to indicate their consonant is <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[ŋ]</span>, with syllables starting with <i>r</i> to indicate their consonant is <i>l</i> though this does not change the pronunciation, with <i>kana</i> <i>u</i> to indicate its morph into <i>kana</i> <i>n</i>, and with <i>kana</i> <i>i</i> to indicate the vowel is to be said as <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[ɨ]</span>. </p><p>In <a href="/wiki/Canadian_Aboriginal_Syllabics" class="mw-redirect" title="Canadian Aboriginal Syllabics">Canadian Aboriginal Syllabics</a>, there are two ring characters: ᐤ (<a href="/wiki/Cree_language" title="Cree language">Cree</a> and <a href="/wiki/Ojibwe_language" title="Ojibwe language">Ojibwe</a> final <i>w</i>, or <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sayisi_language&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sayisi language (page does not exist)">Sayisi</a> <i>o</i>) and ᣞ (Cree and Ojibwe final <i>w</i> or final <i>y</i>). This second smaller ring can combine as a diacritic ring above in <a href="/wiki/Moose_Cree" title="Moose Cree">Moose Cree</a> and Moose-Cree influenced Ojibwe as a final <i>y</i>; in <a href="/wiki/Inuktitut" title="Inuktitut">Inuktitut</a>, the ring above the /_i/ character turns it into a /_aai/ character. In Western Cree, /_w_w/ sequence is represented as ᐝ. </p><p>In addition to the combining character option, Unicode has some <a href="/wiki/Precomposed_character" title="Precomposed character">precomposed characters</a>: </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1216972533">.mw-parser-output .col-begin{border-collapse:collapse;padding:0;color:inherit;width:100%;border:0;margin:0}.mw-parser-output .col-begin-small{font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .col-break{vertical-align:top;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .col-break-2{width:50%}.mw-parser-output .col-break-3{width:33.3%}.mw-parser-output .col-break-4{width:25%}.mw-parser-output .col-break-5{width:20%}@media(max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .col-begin,.mw-parser-output .col-begin>tbody,.mw-parser-output .col-begin>tbody>tr,.mw-parser-output .col-begin>tbody>tr>td{display:block!important;width:100%!important}.mw-parser-output .col-break{padding-left:0!important}}</style><div> <table class="col-begin" role="presentation" style="width: 100%;table-layout:fixed;"> <tbody><tr> <td class="col-break"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886049734"><span class="monospaced">U+00C5</span> </span><span style="font-size:125%;line-height:1em">Å</span> <span style="font-variant: small-caps; text-transform: lowercase;">LATIN CAPITAL LETTER A WITH RING ABOVE</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886049734"><span class="monospaced">U+00E5</span> </span><span style="font-size:125%;line-height:1em">å</span> <span style="font-variant: small-caps; text-transform: lowercase;">LATIN SMALL LETTER A WITH RING ABOVE</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886049734"><span class="monospaced">U+016E</span> </span><span style="font-size:125%;line-height:1em">Ů</span> <span style="font-variant: small-caps; text-transform: lowercase;">LATIN CAPITAL LETTER U WITH RING ABOVE</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886049734"><span class="monospaced">U+016F</span> </span><span style="font-size:125%;line-height:1em">ů</span> <span style="font-variant: small-caps; text-transform: lowercase;">LATIN SMALL LETTER U WITH RING ABOVE</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886049734"><span class="monospaced">U+01FA</span> </span><span style="font-size:125%;line-height:1em">Ǻ</span> <span style="font-variant: small-caps; text-transform: lowercase;">LATIN CAPITAL LETTER A WITH RING ABOVE AND ACUTE</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886049734"><span class="monospaced">U+01FB</span> </span><span style="font-size:125%;line-height:1em">ǻ</span> <span style="font-variant: small-caps; text-transform: lowercase;">LATIN SMALL LETTER A WITH RING ABOVE AND ACUTE</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886049734"><span class="monospaced">U+1E98</span> </span><span style="font-size:125%;line-height:1em">ẘ</span> <span style="font-variant: small-caps; text-transform: lowercase;">LATIN SMALL LETTER W WITH RING ABOVE</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886049734"><span class="monospaced">U+1E99</span> </span><span style="font-size:125%;line-height:1em">ẙ</span> <span style="font-variant: small-caps; text-transform: lowercase;">LATIN SMALL LETTER Y WITH RING ABOVE</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886049734"><span class="monospaced">U+212B</span> </span><span style="font-size:125%;line-height:1em">Å</span> <span style="font-variant: small-caps; text-transform: lowercase;">ANGSTROM SIGN</span></li></ul> </td> <td class="col-break"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886049734"><span class="monospaced">U+1402</span> </span><span style="font-size:125%;line-height:1em">ᐂ</span> <span style="font-variant: small-caps; text-transform: lowercase;">CANADIAN SYLLABICS AAI</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886049734"><span class="monospaced">U+1430</span> </span><span style="font-size:125%;line-height:1em">ᐰ</span> <span style="font-variant: small-caps; text-transform: lowercase;">CANADIAN SYLLABICS PAAI</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886049734"><span class="monospaced">U+144D</span> </span><span style="font-size:125%;line-height:1em">ᑍ</span> <span style="font-variant: small-caps; text-transform: lowercase;">CANADIAN SYLLABICS TAAI</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886049734"><span class="monospaced">U+146C</span> </span><span style="font-size:125%;line-height:1em">ᑬ</span> <span style="font-variant: small-caps; text-transform: lowercase;">CANADIAN SYLLABICS KAAI</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886049734"><span class="monospaced">U+148A</span> </span><span style="font-size:125%;line-height:1em">ᒊ</span> <span style="font-variant: small-caps; text-transform: lowercase;">CANADIAN SYLLABICS CAAI</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886049734"><span class="monospaced">U+14A4</span> </span><span style="font-size:125%;line-height:1em">ᒤ</span> <span style="font-variant: small-caps; text-transform: lowercase;">CANADIAN SYLLABICS MAAI</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886049734"><span class="monospaced">U+14C1</span> </span><span style="font-size:125%;line-height:1em">ᓁ</span> <span style="font-variant: small-caps; text-transform: lowercase;">CANADIAN SYLLABICS NAAI</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886049734"><span class="monospaced">U+14D4</span> </span><span style="font-size:125%;line-height:1em">ᓔ</span> <span style="font-variant: small-caps; text-transform: lowercase;">CANADIAN SYLLABICS LAAI</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886049734"><span class="monospaced">U+14EE</span> </span><span style="font-size:125%;line-height:1em">ᓮ</span> <span style="font-variant: small-caps; text-transform: lowercase;">CANADIAN SYLLABICS SAAI</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886049734"><span class="monospaced">U+1527</span> </span><span style="font-size:125%;line-height:1em">ᔧ</span> <span style="font-variant: small-caps; text-transform: lowercase;">CANADIAN SYLLABICS YAAI</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886049734"><span class="monospaced">U+1545</span> </span><span style="font-size:125%;line-height:1em">ᕅ</span> <span style="font-variant: small-caps; text-transform: lowercase;">CANADIAN SYLLABICS RAAI</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886049734"><span class="monospaced">U+1554</span> </span><span style="font-size:125%;line-height:1em">ᕔ</span> <span style="font-variant: small-caps; text-transform: lowercase;">CANADIAN SYLLABICS FAAI</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886049734"><span class="monospaced">U+157E</span> </span><span style="font-size:125%;line-height:1em">ᕾ</span> <span style="font-variant: small-caps; text-transform: lowercase;">CANADIAN SYLLABICS QAAI</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886049734"><span class="monospaced">U+158E</span> </span><span style="font-size:125%;line-height:1em">ᖎ</span> <span style="font-variant: small-caps; text-transform: lowercase;">CANADIAN SYLLABICS NGAAI</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886049734"><span class="monospaced">U+18B0</span> </span><span style="font-size:125%;line-height:1em">ᢰ</span> <span style="font-variant: small-caps; text-transform: lowercase;">CANADIAN SYLLABICS OY</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886049734"><span class="monospaced">U+18B1</span> </span><span style="font-size:125%;line-height:1em">ᢱ</span> <span style="font-variant: small-caps; text-transform: lowercase;">CANADIAN SYLLABICS AY</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886049734"><span class="monospaced">U+18B2</span> </span><span style="font-size:125%;line-height:1em">ᢲ</span> <span style="font-variant: small-caps; text-transform: lowercase;">CANADIAN SYLLABICS AAY</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886049734"><span class="monospaced">U+18B3</span> </span><span style="font-size:125%;line-height:1em">ᢳ</span> <span style="font-variant: small-caps; text-transform: lowercase;">CANADIAN SYLLABICS WAY</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886049734"><span class="monospaced">U+18B4</span> </span><span style="font-size:125%;line-height:1em">ᢴ</span> <span style="font-variant: small-caps; text-transform: lowercase;">CANADIAN SYLLABICS POY</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886049734"><span class="monospaced">U+18B5</span> </span><span style="font-size:125%;line-height:1em">ᢵ</span> <span style="font-variant: small-caps; text-transform: lowercase;">CANADIAN SYLLABICS PAY</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886049734"><span class="monospaced">U+18B6</span> </span><span style="font-size:125%;line-height:1em">ᢶ</span> <span style="font-variant: small-caps; text-transform: lowercase;">CANADIAN SYLLABICS PWOY</span></li></ul> </td> <td class="col-break"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886049734"><span class="monospaced">U+18B7</span> </span><span style="font-size:125%;line-height:1em">ᢷ</span> <span style="font-variant: small-caps; text-transform: lowercase;">CANADIAN SYLLABICS TAY</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886049734"><span class="monospaced">U+18B8</span> </span><span style="font-size:125%;line-height:1em">ᢸ</span> <span style="font-variant: small-caps; text-transform: lowercase;">CANADIAN SYLLABICS KAY</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886049734"><span class="monospaced">U+18B9</span> </span><span style="font-size:125%;line-height:1em">ᢹ</span> <span style="font-variant: small-caps; text-transform: lowercase;">CANADIAN SYLLABICS KWAY</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886049734"><span class="monospaced">U+18BA</span> </span><span style="font-size:125%;line-height:1em">ᢺ</span> <span style="font-variant: small-caps; text-transform: lowercase;">CANADIAN SYLLABICS MAY</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886049734"><span class="monospaced">U+18BB</span> </span><span style="font-size:125%;line-height:1em">ᢻ</span> <span style="font-variant: small-caps; text-transform: lowercase;">CANADIAN SYLLABICS NOY</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886049734"><span class="monospaced">U+18BC</span> </span><span style="font-size:125%;line-height:1em">ᢼ</span> <span style="font-variant: small-caps; text-transform: lowercase;">CANADIAN SYLLABICS NAY</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886049734"><span class="monospaced">U+18BD</span> </span><span style="font-size:125%;line-height:1em">ᢽ</span> <span style="font-variant: small-caps; text-transform: lowercase;">CANADIAN SYLLABICS LAY</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886049734"><span class="monospaced">U+18BE</span> </span><span style="font-size:125%;line-height:1em">ᢾ</span> <span style="font-variant: small-caps; text-transform: lowercase;">CANADIAN SYLLABICS SOY</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886049734"><span class="monospaced">U+18BF</span> </span><span style="font-size:125%;line-height:1em">ᢿ</span> <span style="font-variant: small-caps; text-transform: lowercase;">CANADIAN SYLLABICS SAY</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886049734"><span class="monospaced">U+18C0</span> </span><span style="font-size:125%;line-height:1em">ᣀ</span> <span style="font-variant: small-caps; text-transform: lowercase;">CANADIAN SYLLABICS SHOY</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886049734"><span class="monospaced">U+18C1</span> </span><span style="font-size:125%;line-height:1em">ᣁ</span> <span style="font-variant: small-caps; text-transform: lowercase;">CANADIAN SYLLABICS SHAY</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886049734"><span class="monospaced">U+18C2</span> </span><span style="font-size:125%;line-height:1em">ᣂ</span> <span style="font-variant: small-caps; text-transform: lowercase;">CANADIAN SYLLABICS SHWOY</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886049734"><span class="monospaced">U+18C3</span> </span><span style="font-size:125%;line-height:1em">ᣃ</span> <span style="font-variant: small-caps; text-transform: lowercase;">CANADIAN SYLLABICS YOY</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886049734"><span class="monospaced">U+18C4</span> </span><span style="font-size:125%;line-height:1em">ᣄ</span> <span style="font-variant: small-caps; text-transform: lowercase;">CANADIAN SYLLABICS YAY</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886049734"><span class="monospaced">U+18C5</span> </span><span style="font-size:125%;line-height:1em">ᣅ</span> <span style="font-variant: small-caps; text-transform: lowercase;">CANADIAN SYLLABICS RAY</span></li></ul> <p>  </p> </td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Underring">Underring</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ring_(diacritic)&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Underring"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><div class="side-box metadata side-box-right noprint selfref"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-text plainlist"><b>This page uses notation for orthographic or other linguistic analysis.</b> For the meaning of how <span class="nowrap"><code>⟨ ⟩</code>, <code>| |</code>,</span> <span class="nowrap"><code>/ /</code>, and <code>[ ]</code></span> <span class="nowrap">are used here,</span> see <a href="/wiki/International_Phonetic_Alphabet#Brackets_and_transcription_delimiters" title="International Phonetic Alphabet">this page</a>.</div></div> </div> <p>The underring is used in <a href="/wiki/International_Phonetic_Alphabet" title="International Phonetic Alphabet">IPA</a> to indicate <a href="/wiki/Voice_(phonetics)" title="Voice (phonetics)">voicelessness</a>, and in <a href="/wiki/Indo-European_studies" title="Indo-European studies">Indo-European studies</a> or in <a href="/wiki/Sanskrit" title="Sanskrit">Sanskrit</a> transliteration (<a href="/wiki/IAST" class="mw-redirect" title="IAST">IAST</a>) to indicate <a href="/wiki/Syllabic_consonant" title="Syllabic consonant">syllabicity</a> of <a href="/wiki/Sonorant" title="Sonorant">sonorants</a>. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Unicode" title="Unicode">Unicode</a> encodes the underring as a combining character at <span class="nowrap"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886049734"><span class="monospaced">U+0325</span> </span><span style="font-size:125%;line-height:1em"><span style="font-family: serif;">◌̥</span></span> <span style="font-variant: small-caps; text-transform: lowercase;">COMBINING RING BELOW</span>. Unicode also has precomposed characters for the letters <span class="nowrap">⟨A⟩</span> and <span class="nowrap">⟨a⟩</span> with undering (<span class="nowrap"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886049734"><span class="monospaced">U+1E00</span> </span><span style="font-size:125%;line-height:1em">Ḁ</span> <span style="font-variant: small-caps; text-transform: lowercase;">LATIN CAPITAL LETTER A WITH RING BELOW</span> and <span class="nowrap"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886049734"><span class="monospaced">U+1E01</span> </span><span style="font-size:125%;line-height:1em">ḁ</span> <span style="font-variant: small-caps; text-transform: lowercase;">LATIN SMALL LETTER A WITH RING BELOW</span>). Precomposed character encodings for 'R with ring below', 'L with ring below', 'R with ring below and macron', and 'L with ring below and macron' were proposed, because of their use in Sanskrit transliteration and the <a href="/wiki/CSX%2B_Indic_character_set" title="CSX+ Indic character set">CSX+ Indic character set</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This proposal was rejected, because they are already encoded as combining character sequences.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Pashto">Pashto</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ring_(diacritic)&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Pashto"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In <a href="/wiki/Pashto_alphabet" title="Pashto alphabet">Pashto</a> romanization, <span class="nowrap">⟨ḁ⟩</span> is used to represent <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">/ə/</span>.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Emilian">Emilian</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ring_(diacritic)&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Emilian"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In <a href="/wiki/Emilian_dialect" title="Emilian dialect">Emilian</a>, <span class="nowrap">⟨e̥⟩</span> can be used to represent unstressed <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">/ə/</span> in very accurate transcriptions.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (June 2024)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Romagnol">Romagnol</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ring_(diacritic)&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Romagnol"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In <a href="/wiki/Romagnol_dialect" class="mw-redirect" title="Romagnol dialect">Romagnol</a>, <span class="nowrap">⟨e̥⟩</span> is used to represent <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">/ə/</span> in diphthongs, e.g. <a href="/wiki/Santarcangelo_di_Romagna" title="Santarcangelo di Romagna">Santarcangelo</a> dialect <i>ame̥ig</i> <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[aˈməiɡ]</span> 'friend', <i>ne̥ud</i> <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[ˈnəud]</span> 'naked'.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (June 2024)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Half_rings">Half rings</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ring_(diacritic)&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Half rings"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Modifier_letter_left_half_ring" title="Modifier letter left half ring">Modifier letter left half ring</a> and <a href="/wiki/Modifier_letter_right_half_ring" title="Modifier letter right half ring">Modifier letter right half ring</a></div> <p>Half rings also exist as diacritic marks; these are characters <span class="nowrap"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886049734"><span class="monospaced">U+0351</span> </span><span style="font-size:125%;line-height:1em"><span style="font-family: serif;">◌͑</span></span> <span style="font-variant: small-caps; text-transform: lowercase;">COMBINING LEFT HALF RING ABOVE</span> and <span class="nowrap"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886049734"><span class="monospaced">U+0357</span> </span><span style="font-size:125%;line-height:1em"><span style="font-family: serif;">◌͗</span></span> <span style="font-variant: small-caps; text-transform: lowercase;">COMBINING RIGHT HALF RING ABOVE</span>. These characters are used in the <a href="/wiki/Uralic_Phonetic_Alphabet" class="mw-redirect" title="Uralic Phonetic Alphabet">Uralic Phonetic Alphabet</a>, respectively for mediopalatal pronunciation and strong-onset vowels. These characters may be used in the <a href="/wiki/International_Phonetic_Alphabet" title="International Phonetic Alphabet">International Phonetic Alphabet</a>, denoting less and more <a href="/wiki/Roundedness" title="Roundedness">roundedness</a>, as alternatives to half rings below <span class="nowrap"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886049734"><span class="monospaced">U+031C</span> </span><span style="font-size:125%;line-height:1em"><span style="font-family: serif;">◌̜</span></span> <span style="font-variant: small-caps; text-transform: lowercase;">COMBINING LEFT HALF RING BELOW</span> and <span class="nowrap"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886049734"><span class="monospaced">U+0339</span> </span><span style="font-size:125%;line-height:1em"><span style="font-family: serif;">◌̹</span></span> <span style="font-variant: small-caps; text-transform: lowercase;">COMBINING RIGHT HALF RING BELOW</span>. They are here given with the lowercase a: a͑ and a͗, a̜ and a̹. </p><p><span class="nowrap"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886049734"><span class="monospaced">U+1E9A</span> </span><span style="font-size:125%;line-height:1em">ẚ</span> <span style="font-variant: small-caps; text-transform: lowercase;">LATIN SMALL LETTER A WITH RIGHT HALF RING</span> is similar in appearance but differs from a͗ because its <a href="/wiki/Unicode_equivalence" title="Unicode equivalence">compatibility decomposition</a> uses <span class="nowrap"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886049734"><span class="monospaced">U+02BE</span> </span><span style="font-size:125%;line-height:1em">ʾ</span> <span style="font-variant: small-caps; text-transform: lowercase;">MODIFIER LETTER RIGHT HALF RING</span> instead of <span class="nowrap"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886049734"><span class="monospaced">U+0357</span> </span><span style="font-size:125%;line-height:1em"><span style="font-family: serif;">◌͗</span></span> <span style="font-variant: small-caps; text-transform: lowercase;">COMBINING RIGHT HALF RING ABOVE</span>. </p><p>Other, similar signs are in use in <a href="/wiki/Armenian_alphabet" title="Armenian alphabet">Armenian</a>: the <span class="nowrap"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886049734"><span class="monospaced">U+0559</span> </span><span style="font-size:125%;line-height:1em"><span style="font-family: serif;">◌ՙ</span></span> <span style="font-variant: small-caps; text-transform: lowercase;">ARMENIAN MODIFIER LETTER LEFT HALF RING</span> and the <span class="nowrap"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886049734"><span class="monospaced">U+055A</span> </span><span style="font-size:125%;line-height:1em"><span style="font-family: serif;">◌՚</span></span> <span style="font-variant: small-caps; text-transform: lowercase;">ARMENIAN APOSTROPHE</span>. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Breve" title="Breve">Breve</a> and <a href="/wiki/Inverted_breve" title="Inverted breve">inverted breve</a> are also shaped like half rings, respectively, the bottom and top half of a circle. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Other_uses">Other uses</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ring_(diacritic)&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Other uses"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The ring is used in the transliteration of <a href="/wiki/Abkhaz_language" title="Abkhaz language">Abkhaz</a> to represent the letter ҩ. It may also be used in place of the abbreviation symbol <i>॰</i> when transliterating the <a href="/wiki/Devanagari" title="Devanagari">Devanagari</a> alphabet. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Letters_with_ring">Letters with ring</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ring_(diacritic)&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Letters with ring"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="nounderlines" style="font-size:160%; padding:.3em; background-color: var(--background-color-neutral, #fafafa); clear:both; color:var(--color-base, black);"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li:last-child::after{content:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:first-child::before{content:" (";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:last-child::after{content:")";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol{counter-reset:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li{counter-increment:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li::before{content:" "counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li ol>li:first-child::before{content:" ("counter(listitem)"\a0 "}</style><div class="hlist"><ul><li>Ring <big><span style="font-family: serif">◌̊ ◌̥ </span></big><span class="nowrap">   </span><a href="/wiki/%C3%85" title="Å">Å å</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%C7%BA" class="mw-redirect" title="Ǻ">Ǻ ǻ</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%C3%85%CC%82" class="mw-redirect" title="Å̂">Å̂ å̂</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%C3%85%CC%83" class="mw-redirect" title="Å̃">Å̃ å̃</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%C3%85%CC%84" class="mw-redirect" title="Å̄">Å̄ å̄</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%C3%85%CC%86" class="mw-redirect" title="Å̆">Å̆ å̆</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%C4%80%CC%8A" class="mw-redirect" title="Ā̊">Ā̊ ā̊</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%C4%84%CC%8A" class="mw-redirect" title="Ą̊">Ą̊ ą̊</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%C3%85%CC%B1" class="mw-redirect" title="Å̱">Å̱ å̱</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%E1%B8%80" class="mw-redirect" title="Ḁ">Ḁ ḁ</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%E1%B8%80%CC%82" class="mw-redirect" title="Ḁ̂">Ḁ̂ ḁ̂</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/D%CC%8A" class="mw-redirect" title="D̊">D̊ d̊</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/E%CC%8A" class="mw-redirect" title="E̊">E̊ e̊</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/E%CC%8A%CC%84" class="mw-redirect" title="E̊̄">E̊̄ e̊̄</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/G%CC%8A" class="mw-redirect" title="G̊">G̊ g̊</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/I%CC%8A" class="mw-redirect" title="I̊">I̊ i̊</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/J%CC%8A" class="mw-redirect" title="J̊">J̊ j̊</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/L%CC%A5" class="mw-redirect" title="L̥">L̥ l̥</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/L%CC%A5%CC%84" class="mw-redirect" title="L̥̄">L̥̄ l̥̄</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/O%CC%8A" class="mw-redirect" title="O̊">O̊ o̊</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%C5%8C%CC%8A" class="mw-redirect" title="Ō̊">Ō̊ ō̊</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Q%CC%8A" class="mw-redirect" title="Q̊">Q̊ q̊</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/R%CC%A5" class="mw-redirect" title="R̥">R̥ r̥</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/R%CC%A5%CC%84" class="mw-redirect" title="R̥̄">R̥̄ r̥̄</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/S%CC%8A" class="mw-redirect" title="S̊">S̊ s̊</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/S%CC%A5" class="mw-redirect" title="S̥">S̥ s̥</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%C5%AE" class="mw-redirect" title="Ů">Ů ů</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%C5%AE%CC%81" class="mw-redirect" title="Ů́">Ů́ ů́</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%C5%AE%CC%83" class="mw-redirect" title="Ů̃">Ů̃ ů̃</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%C5%A8%CC%8A" class="mw-redirect" title="Ũ̊">Ũ̊ ũ̊</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%C5%AA%CC%8A" class="mw-redirect" title="Ū̊">Ū̊ ū̊</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/V%CC%8A" class="mw-redirect" title="V̊">V̊ v̊</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/W%CC%8A" class="mw-redirect" title="W̊">W̊ ẘ</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/X%CC%8A" class="mw-redirect" title="X̊">X̊ x̊</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Y%CC%8A" class="mw-redirect" title="Y̊">Y̊ ẙ</a><br /><b>Cyrillic</b>:<span class="nowrap"> </span><a href="/wiki/%D0%90%CC%8A" class="mw-redirect" title="А̊">А̊ а̊</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/U_with_ring_above_(Cyrillic)" title="U with ring above (Cyrillic)">У̊ у̊</a></li></ul></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Similar_marks">Similar marks</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ring_(diacritic)&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Similar marks"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The ring as a diacritic mark should not be confused with the <a href="/wiki/Dot_(diacritic)" title="Dot (diacritic)">dot</a> or <span class="nowrap"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886049734"><span class="monospaced">U+0366</span> </span><span style="font-size:125%;line-height:1em"><span style="font-family: serif;">◌ͦ</span></span> <span style="font-variant: small-caps; text-transform: lowercase;">COMBINING LATIN SMALL LETTER O</span> diacritic marks, or with the degree sign °. </p><p>The half ring as a diacritic mark should not be confused with the <a href="/wiki/Comma_(diacritic)" class="mw-redirect" title="Comma (diacritic)">comma</a> or <a href="/wiki/Ogonek" title="Ogonek">ogonek</a> diacritic marks. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ring_(diacritic)&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output 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.id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.unicode.org/L2/L2013/13204-latin-indic-vocalic-letters.pdf">"Proposal to Encode Latin Letters for the Transliteration of Indic Vocalic Letters"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>unicode.org</i>. 2013-10-28.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=unicode.org&rft.atitle=Proposal+to+Encode+Latin+Letters+for+the+Transliteration+of+Indic+Vocalic+Letters&rft.date=2013-10-28&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.unicode.org%2FL2%2FL2013%2F13204-latin-indic-vocalic-letters.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARing+%28diacritic%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.unicode.org/L2/L2013/13200.htm">"Draft Minutes of UTC Meeting 137"</a>. <i>unicode.org</i>. 2013-11-25.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=unicode.org&rft.atitle=Draft+Minutes+of+UTC+Meeting+137&rft.date=2013-11-25&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.unicode.org%2FL2%2FL2013%2F13200.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARing+%28diacritic%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/grammarptorlang01trumgoog/page/n44/mode/2up">"Grammar of the Pḁṣ̌tō or Language of the Afghāns: Compared with the Īrānian"</a>. J.J. Heckenhauer. 1873.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Grammar+of+the+P%E1%B8%81%E1%B9%A3%CC%8Ct%C5%8D+or+Language+of+the+Afgh%C4%81ns%3A+Compared+with+the+%C4%AAr%C4%81nian&rft.pub=J.J.+Heckenhauer&rft.date=1873&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fgrammarptorlang01trumgoog%2Fpage%2Fn44%2Fmode%2F2up&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARing+%28diacritic%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ring_(diacritic)&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://diacritics.typo.cz">Diacritics Project — All you need to design a font with correct 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title="Diacritic">Diacritics</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">In Latin, Cyrillic and Greek</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0;line-height:185%; background:transparent;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"> <span style="background:#efefef; font-size:175%;"> ◌́ </span> <span style="background:#efefef; font-size:175%;"> ◌̋ </span> <span style="font-size:95%"><a href="/wiki/Acute_accent" title="Acute accent">acute</a>, <a href="/wiki/Double_acute_accent" title="Double acute accent">double acute</a></span></span> </li> <li><span class="nowrap"> <span style="background:#efefef; font-size:175%;"> ◌᷄ </span> <span style="font-size:95%"><a href="/wiki/Vietnamese_apex" class="mw-redirect" title="Vietnamese apex">apex</a></span></span> </li> <li><span class="nowrap"> <span style="background:#efefef; font-size:175%;"> ◌̆ </span> <span style="background:#efefef; font-size:175%;"> ◌̑ </span> <span style="font-size:95%"><a href="/wiki/Breve" title="Breve">breve</a>, <a href="/wiki/Inverted_breve" title="Inverted breve">inverted breve</a></span></span> </li> <li><span class="nowrap"> <span style="background:#efefef; font-size:175%;"> ◌̌ </span> <span style="font-size:95%"><a href="/wiki/Caron" title="Caron">caron, háček</a></span></span> </li> <li><span class="nowrap"> <span style="background:#efefef; font-size:175%;"> ◌̧ </span> <span style="font-size:95%"><a href="/wiki/Cedilla" title="Cedilla">cedilla</a></span></span> </li> <li><span class="nowrap"> <span style="background:#efefef; font-size:175%;"> ◌̂ </span> <span style="font-size:95%"><a href="/wiki/Circumflex" title="Circumflex">circumflex</a></span></span> </li> <li><span class="nowrap"> <span style="background:#efefef; font-size:175%;"> ◌̈ </span> <span style="font-size:95%"><a href="/wiki/Diaeresis_(diacritic)" title="Diaeresis (diacritic)">diaeresis</a>, <a href="/wiki/Umlaut_(diacritic)" title="Umlaut (diacritic)">umlaut</a>, <a href="/wiki/Two_dots_(diacritic)" title="Two dots (diacritic)">other</a></span></span> </li> <li><span class="nowrap"> <span style="background:#efefef; font-size:175%;"> ◌̇ </span> <span style="background:#efefef; font-size:175%;"> ◌̣ </span> <span style="font-size:95%"><a href="/wiki/Dot_(diacritic)" title="Dot (diacritic)">dot</a></span></span> </li> <li><span class="nowrap"> <span style="background:#efefef; font-size:175%;"> ◌̀ </span> <span style="background:#efefef; font-size:175%;"> ◌̏ </span> <span style="font-size:95%"><a href="/wiki/Grave_accent" title="Grave accent">grave</a>, <a href="/wiki/Double_grave_accent" title="Double grave accent">double grave</a></span></span> </li> <li><span class="nowrap"> <span style="background:#efefef; font-size:175%;"> ◌̉ </span> <span style="font-size:95%"><a href="/wiki/Hook_above" title="Hook above">hook above</a></span></span> </li> <li><span class="nowrap"> <span style="background:#efefef; font-size:175%;"> ◌̡ </span> <span style="background:#efefef; font-size:175%;"> ◌̢ </span> <span style="font-size:95%"><a href="/wiki/Palatal_hook" title="Palatal hook">palatal hook</a>, <a href="/wiki/Retroflex_consonant#Transcription" title="Retroflex consonant">retroflex hook</a></span></span> </li> <li><span class="nowrap"> <span style="background:#efefef; font-size:175%;"> ◌̛ </span> <span style="font-size:95%"><a href="/wiki/Horn_(diacritic)" title="Horn (diacritic)">horn</a></span></span> </li> <li><span class="nowrap"> <span style="background:#efefef; font-size:175%;"> ◌ͅ </span> <span style="font-size:95%"><a href="/wiki/Iota_subscript" title="Iota subscript">iota subscript</a></span></span> </li> <li><span class="nowrap"> <span style="background:#efefef; font-size:175%;"> ◌̄ </span> <span style="font-size:95%"><a href="/wiki/Macron_(diacritic)" title="Macron (diacritic)">macron</a></span></span> </li> <li><span class="nowrap"> <span style="background:#efefef; font-size:175%;"> ◌̨ </span> <span style="font-size:95%"><a href="/wiki/Ogonek" title="Ogonek">ogonek</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nosin%C4%97" class="mw-redirect" title="Nosinė">nosinė</a></span></span> </li> <li><span class="nowrap"> <span style="background:#efefef; font-size:175%;"> ◌̊ </span> <span style="background:#efefef; font-size:175%;"> ◌̥ </span> <span style="font-size:95%"><a class="mw-selflink-fragment" href="#Overring">overring</a>, <a class="mw-selflink-fragment" href="#Underring">underring</a></span></span> </li> <li><span class="nowrap"> <span style="background:#efefef; font-size:175%;"> ◌͂ </span> <span style="font-size:95%"><a href="/wiki/Greek_diacritics" title="Greek diacritics">perispomene</a></span></span> </li> <li><span class="nowrap"> <span style="background:#efefef; font-size:175%;"> ◌͗ </span> <span style="font-size:95%"><a href="/wiki/Sicilicus" title="Sicilicus">sicilicus</a></span></span> </li> <li><span class="nowrap"> <span style="background:#efefef; font-size:175%;"> ◌̃ </span> <span style="font-size:95%"><a href="/wiki/Tilde" title="Tilde">tilde</a></span></span> </li> <li><span class="nowrap"> <span style="background:#efefef; font-size:175%;"> ◌῾ </span> <span style="background:#efefef; font-size:175%;"> ◌᾿ </span> <span style="font-size:95%"><a href="/wiki/Rough_breathing" title="Rough breathing">rough breathing</a>, <a href="/wiki/Smooth_breathing" title="Smooth breathing">smooth breathing</a></span></span> </li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">In <a href="/wiki/Early_Cyrillic_alphabet#Numerals,_diacritics_and_punctuation" title="Early Cyrillic alphabet">Early Cyrillic</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0;line-height:185%; background:transparent;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"> <span style="background:#efefef; font-size:175%;"> ◌҄ </span> <span style="font-size:95%"><a href="/wiki/Kamora_(diacritic)" class="mw-redirect" title="Kamora (diacritic)">kamora</a></span></span> </li> <li><span class="nowrap"> <span style="background:#efefef; font-size:175%;"> ◌҇ </span> <span style="font-size:95%"><a href="/wiki/Pokrytie" title="Pokrytie">pokrytie</a></span></span> </li> <li><span class="nowrap"> <span style="background:#efefef; font-size:175%;"> ◌҃ </span> <span style="font-size:95%"><a href="/wiki/Titlo" title="Titlo">titlo</a></span></span> </li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">In <a href="/wiki/Brahmic_scripts" title="Brahmic scripts">Indic</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0;line-height:185%; background:transparent;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"> <span style="background:#efefef; font-size:175%;"> <span class="Unicode">ं</span> </span> <span style="background:#efefef; font-size:175%;"> <span title="Bengali-language text"><span lang="bn">ং</span></span> </span> <span style="background:#efefef; font-size:175%;"> <span title="Odia-language text"><span lang="or">ଂ</span></span> </span> <span style="background:#efefef; font-size:175%;"> <span title="Malayalam-language text"><span lang="ml">ം</span></span> </span> <span style="font-size:95%"><a href="/wiki/Anusvara" title="Anusvara">anusvara</a></span></span> </li> <li><span class="nowrap"> <span style="background:#efefef; font-size:175%;"> <span class="Unicode">ऽ</span> </span> <span style="background:#efefef; font-size:175%;"> <span title="Bengali-language text"><span lang="bn">ঽ</span></span> </span> <span style="background:#efefef; font-size:175%;"> <span title="Odia-language text"><span lang="or">ଽ</span></span> </span> <span style="background:#efefef; font-size:175%;"> <span title="Telugu-language text"><span lang="te">ఽ</span></span> </span> <span style="background:#efefef; font-size:175%;"> <span title="Malayalam-language text"><span lang="ml">ഽ</span></span> </span> <span style="background:#efefef; font-size:175%;"> <span title="Tigrinya-language text"><span lang="ti">྅</span></span> </span> <span style="font-size:95%"><a href="/wiki/Avagraha" title="Avagraha">avagraha</a></span></span> </li> <li><span class="nowrap"> <span style="background:#efefef; font-size:175%;"> <span class="Unicode">ँ</span>  </span> <span style="background:#efefef; font-size:175%;"> <span title="Telugu-language text"><span lang="te">ఁ</span></span> </span> <span style="background:#efefef; font-size:175%;"> <span title="Tigrinya-language text"><span lang="ti">ྃ</span></span> </span> <span style="font-size:95%"><a href="/wiki/Chandrabindu" title="Chandrabindu">chandrabindu</a></span></span> </li> <li><span class="nowrap"> <span style="background:#efefef; font-size:175%;"> <span class="Unicode">़</span> </span> <span style="font-size:95%"><a href="/wiki/Nuqta" title="Nuqta">nuqta</a></span></span> </li> <li><span class="nowrap"> <span style="background:#efefef; font-size:175%;"> <span class="Unicode">्</span>  </span> <span style="background:#efefef; font-size:175%;"> <span title="Malayalam-language text"><span lang="ml">്</span></span>  </span> <span style="background:#efefef; font-size:175%;"> <span title="Telugu-language text"><span lang="te">్</span></span>  </span> <span style="background:#efefef; font-size:175%;"> <span title="Kannada-language text"><span lang="kn">್</span></span> </span> <span style="background:#efefef; font-size:175%;"> <span title="Sinhala-language text"><span lang="si">්</span></span> </span> <span style="background:#efefef; font-size:175%;"> <span title="Burmese-language text"><span lang="my">်</span></span> </span> <span style="font-size:95%"><a href="/wiki/Virama" title="Virama">virama</a></span></span> </li> <li><span class="nowrap"> <span style="background:#efefef; font-size:175%;"> <span class="Unicode">ः</span> </span> <span style="background:#efefef; font-size:175%;"> <span title="Bengali-language text"><span lang="bn">ঃ</span></span> </span> <span style="background:#efefef; font-size:175%;"> <span title="Odia-language text"><span lang="or">ଃ</span></span> </span> <span style="background:#efefef; font-size:175%;"> <span title="Tamil-language text"><span lang="ta">ஃ</span></span> </span> <span style="font-size:95%"><a href="/wiki/Visarga" title="Visarga">visarga</a></span></span> </li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">In other scripts</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0;line-height:185%; background:transparent;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arabic_diacritics" title="Arabic diacritics">Arabic diacritics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greek_diacritics" title="Greek diacritics">Greek diacritics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gurmukh%C4%AB_alphabet#Other_signs" class="mw-redirect" title="Gurmukhī alphabet">Gurmukhī diacritics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hebrew_diacritics" title="Hebrew diacritics">Hebrew diacritics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Phonetic_Alphabet#Diacritics" title="International Phonetic Alphabet">diacritics in IPA</a></li> <li>Japanese <a href="/wiki/Kana#Diacritics" title="Kana">kana diacritics</a> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"> <span style="background:#efefef; font-size:175%;"> <span style="font-size:75%;"><span title="Japanese-language text"><span lang="ja" style="font-style: normal;">◌゙</span></span></span> </span> <span style="background:#efefef; font-size:175%;"> <span style="font-size:75%;"><span title="Japanese-language text"><span lang="ja" style="font-style: normal;">◌゚</span></span></span> </span> <span style="font-size:95%"><a href="/wiki/Dakuten_and_handakuten" title="Dakuten and handakuten">dakuten, handakuten</a></span></span> </li></ul></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Khmer_alphabet#Diacritics" class="mw-redirect" title="Khmer alphabet">Khmer diacritics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Syriac_alphabet#Latin_alphabet_and_romanization" title="Syriac alphabet">Syriac diacritics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thai_alphabet#Other_symbols_2" class="mw-redirect" title="Thai alphabet">Thai diacritics</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Marks used as diacritics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0;line-height:185%; background:transparent;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"> <span style="background:#efefef; font-size:175%;"> ◌’ </span> <span style="font-size:95%"><a href="/wiki/Apostrophe" title="Apostrophe">apostrophe</a></span></span> </li> <li><span class="nowrap"> <span style="background:#efefef; font-size:175%;"> ◌̸ </span> <span style="font-size:95%"><a href="/wiki/Bar_(diacritic)" title="Bar (diacritic)">bar</a></span></span> </li> <li><span class="nowrap"> <span style="background:#efefef; font-size:175%;"> ◌: </span> <span style="font-size:95%"><a href="/wiki/Colon_(punctuation)#Diacritical_usage" title="Colon (punctuation)">colon</a></span></span> </li> <li><span class="nowrap"> <span style="background:#efefef; font-size:175%;"> ◌, </span> <span style="font-size:95%"><a href="/wiki/Comma#Diacritical_usage" title="Comma">comma</a></span></span> </li> <li><span class="nowrap"> <span style="background:#efefef; font-size:175%;"> ◌. </span> <span style="font-size:95%"><a href="/wiki/Full_stop" title="Full stop">full stop/period</a></span></span> </li> <li><span class="nowrap"> <span style="background:#efefef; font-size:175%;"> ◌˗ </span> <span style="font-size:95%"><a href="/wiki/Hyphen" title="Hyphen">hyphen</a></span></span> </li> <li><span class="nowrap"> <span style="background:#efefef; font-size:175%;"> ◌′ </span> <span style="font-size:95%"><a href="/wiki/Prime_(symbol)" title="Prime (symbol)">prime</a></span></span> </li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Non-diacritic uses</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0;line-height:185%; background:transparent;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"> <span style="background:#efefef; font-size:175%;"> ^ </span> <span style="font-size:95%"><a href="/wiki/Caret_(computing)" class="mw-redirect" title="Caret (computing)">caret (computing)</a></span></span> </li> <li><span class="nowrap"> <span style="background:#efefef; font-size:175%;"> ° </span> <span style="font-size:95%"><a href="/wiki/Degree_symbol" title="Degree symbol">degree symbol</a></span></span> </li> <li><span class="nowrap"> <span style="background:#efefef; font-size:175%;"> ~ </span> <span style="font-size:95%"><a href="/wiki/Tilde#Mathematics" title="Tilde">tilde § Mathematics</a></span></span> </li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">In <a href="/wiki/Unicode" title="Unicode">Unicode</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0;line-height:185%; background:transparent;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"> <span style="background:#efefef; font-size:175%;"> ◌ </span> <span style="font-size:95%"><a href="/wiki/Dotted_circle" title="Dotted circle">dotted circle</a> (placeholder glyph character)</span></span> </li> <li><a href="/wiki/Combining_character#Unicode_ranges" title="Combining character">combining character § Unicode ranges</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow hlist" colspan="2"><div>See also: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/English_terms_with_diacritical_marks" title="English terms with diacritical marks">English terms with diacritical marks</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Metal_umlaut" title="Metal umlaut">Metal umlaut</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Punctuation" title="Punctuation">Punctuation marks</a></li> <li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Category:Diacritics" title="Category:Diacritics">Category: Diacritics</a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Latin_script" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Latin_script/main" title="Template:Latin script/main"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Latin_script/main" class="mw-redirect" title="Template talk:Latin script/main"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Latin_script/main" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Latin script/main"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Latin_script" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Latin_script" title="Latin script">Latin script</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Latin_script" title="History of the Latin script">History</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spread_of_the_Latin_script" title="Spread of the Latin script">Spread</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romanization" title="Romanization">Romanization</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roman_numerals" title="Roman numerals">Roman numerals</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ligature_(writing)#Latin_alphabet" title="Ligature (writing)">Ligatures</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Latin-script_alphabet" title="Latin-script alphabet">Alphabets</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_Latin-script_alphabets" title="List of Latin-script alphabets">list</a>)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Classical_Latin_alphabet" class="mw-redirect" title="Classical Latin alphabet">Classical Latin alphabet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ISO_basic_Latin_alphabet" title="ISO basic Latin alphabet">ISO basic Latin alphabet</a></li> <li>Phonetic alphabets <ul><li><a href="/wiki/International_Phonetic_Alphabet" title="International Phonetic Alphabet">International Phonetic Alphabet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/X-SAMPA" title="X-SAMPA">X-SAMPA</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spelling_alphabet" title="Spelling alphabet">Spelling alphabet</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Letters (<a href="/wiki/List_of_Latin-script_letters" title="List of Latin-script letters">list</a>)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <table style="margin: 0 -0.25em; width: 100%;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="26"><div style="width:100%; background:#e0e0e0;; text-align:center;">Letters of the <a href="/wiki/ISO_basic_Latin_alphabet" title="ISO basic Latin alphabet">ISO basic Latin alphabet</a></div> </th></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class=""><a href="/wiki/A" title="A">Aa</a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class=""><a href="/wiki/B" title="B">Bb</a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class=""><a href="/wiki/C" title="C">Cc</a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class=""><a href="/wiki/D" title="D">Dd</a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class=""><a href="/wiki/E" title="E">Ee</a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class=""><a href="/wiki/F" title="F">Ff</a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class=""><a href="/wiki/G" title="G">Gg</a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class=""><a href="/wiki/H" title="H">Hh</a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class=""><a href="/wiki/I" title="I">Ii</a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class=""><a href="/wiki/J" title="J">Jj</a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class=""><a href="/wiki/K" title="K">Kk</a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class=""><a href="/wiki/L" title="L">Ll</a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class=""><a href="/wiki/M" title="M">Mm </a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class=""><a href="/wiki/N" title="N">Nn</a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class=""><a href="/wiki/O" title="O">Oo</a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class=""><a href="/wiki/P" title="P">Pp</a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class=""><a href="/wiki/Q" title="Q">Qq</a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class=""><a href="/wiki/R" title="R">Rr</a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class=""><a href="/wiki/S" title="S">Ss</a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class=""><a href="/wiki/T" title="T">Tt</a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class=""><a href="/wiki/U" title="U">Uu</a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class=""><a href="/wiki/V" title="V">Vv</a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class=""><a href="/wiki/W" title="W">Ww</a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class=""><a href="/wiki/X" title="X">Xx</a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class=""><a href="/wiki/Y" title="Y">Yy</a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class=""><a href="/wiki/Z" title="Z">Zz </a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="26"><div style="width:100%; background:#e0e0e0;; text-align:center;">Letters using <a class="mw-selflink selflink">ring</a> sign (<span style="font-weight:100; font-size:125%;"> ◌̊, ◌̥ </span>)</div> </th></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class="nounderlines"><a href="/wiki/%C3%85" title="Å">Åå </a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class="nounderlines"><a href="/wiki/%E1%B8%80" class="mw-redirect" title="Ḁ">Ḁḁ </a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class="nounderlines"><a href="/wiki/%C5%AE" class="mw-redirect" title="Ů">Ůů </a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class="nounderlines"><a href="/wiki/W%CC%8A" class="mw-redirect" title="W̊">W̊ẘ </a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class="nounderlines"><a href="/wiki/Y%CC%8A" class="mw-redirect" title="Y̊">Y̊ẙ</a></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class="nounderlines"></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class="nounderlines"></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class="nounderlines"></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class="nounderlines"></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class="nounderlines"></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class="nounderlines"></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class="nounderlines"></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class="nounderlines"></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class="nounderlines"></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class="nounderlines"></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class="nounderlines"></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class="nounderlines"></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class="nounderlines"></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class="nounderlines"></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class="nounderlines"></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class="nounderlines"></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class="nounderlines"></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class="nounderlines"></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class="nounderlines"></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class="nounderlines"></span> </td> <td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class="nounderlines"></span> </td></tr> </tbody></table> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Latin-script_multigraph" title="Latin-script multigraph">Multigraphs</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Latin-script_digraphs" title="List of Latin-script digraphs">Digraphs</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ch_(digraph)" title="Ch (digraph)">Ch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dz_(digraph)" title="Dz (digraph)">Dz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/D%C5%BE" title="Dž">Dž</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gh_(digraph)" title="Gh (digraph)">Gh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IJ_(digraph)" title="IJ (digraph)">IJ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lj_(digraph)" title="Lj (digraph)">Lj</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ll" title="Ll">Ll</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hungarian_ly" title="Hungarian ly">Ly</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nh_(digraph)" title="Nh (digraph)">Nh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nj_(digraph)" title="Nj (digraph)">Nj</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ny_(digraph)" title="Ny (digraph)">Ny</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sh_(digraph)" title="Sh (digraph)">Sh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sz_(digraph)" title="Sz (digraph)">Sz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Th_(digraph)" title="Th (digraph)">Th</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Latin-script_trigraphs" title="List of Latin-script trigraphs">Trigraphs</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hungarian_dzs" class="mw-redirect" title="Hungarian dzs">dzs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eau_(trigraph)" title="Eau (trigraph)">eau</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Latin-script_tetragraphs" title="List of Latin-script tetragraphs">Tetragraphs</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ough_(orthography)" title="Ough (orthography)">ough</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Latin-script_pentagraphs" title="List of Latin-script pentagraphs">Pentagraphs</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Tzsch" class="mw-redirect" title="Tzsch">tzsch</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Keyboard layouts (<a href="/wiki/List_of_Latin-script_keyboard_layouts" title="List of Latin-script keyboard layouts">list</a>)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/QWERTY" title="QWERTY">QWERTY</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/QWERTZ" title="QWERTZ">QWERTZ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AZERTY" title="AZERTY">AZERTY</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dvorak_keyboard_layout" title="Dvorak keyboard layout">Dvorak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Colemak" title="Colemak">Colemak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/B%C3%89PO" title="BÉPO">BÉPO</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neo_(keyboard_layout)" title="Neo (keyboard layout)">Neo</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Historical Standards</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/ISO/IEC_646" title="ISO/IEC 646">ISO/IEC 646</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Western_Latin_character_sets_(computing)" title="Western Latin character sets (computing)">Western Latin character sets</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Current Standards</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Latin_script_in_Unicode" title="Latin script in Unicode">Unicode</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/DIN_91379" title="DIN 91379">DIN 91379: Unicode subset for Europe</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Lists</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_precomposed_Latin_characters_in_Unicode" title="List of precomposed Latin characters in Unicode">Precomposed Latin characters in Unicode</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Latin_letters_used_in_mathematics" class="mw-redirect" title="Latin letters used in mathematics">Letters used in mathematics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_typographical_symbols_and_punctuation_marks" title="List of typographical symbols and punctuation marks">List of typographical symbols and punctuation marks</a></li></ul> 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