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id="onsite-ping"></div></div><div class="profile-user-info DesignSystem"><div class="social-profile-container"><div class="left-panel-container"><div class="user-info-component-wrapper"><div class="user-summary-cta-container"><div class="user-summary-container"><div class="social-profile-avatar-container"><img class="profile-avatar u-positionAbsolute" alt="David L Abel" border="0" onerror="if (this.src != '//a.academia-assets.com/images/s200_no_pic.png') this.src = '//a.academia-assets.com/images/s200_no_pic.png';" width="200" height="200" src="https://0.academia-photos.com/1042229/381920/464480/s200_dr._david_l..abel.jpg" /></div><div class="title-container"><h1 class="ds2-5-heading-sans-serif-sm">David L Abel</h1><div class="affiliations-container fake-truncate js-profile-affiliations"><div><a class="u-tcGrayDarker" href="https://lifeorigin.academia.edu/">The Origin of LIfe Science Foundation, Inc.</a>, <a class="u-tcGrayDarker" href="https://lifeorigin.academia.edu/Departments/Department_of_ProtoBioCybernetics_ProtoBioSemiotics/Documents">Department of ProtoBioCybernetics/ProtoBioSemiotics</a>, <span class="u-tcGrayDarker">Director, The Gene Emergence Project</span></div></div></div></div><div class="sidebar-cta-container"><button class="ds2-5-button hidden profile-cta-button grow js-profile-follow-button" data-broccoli-component="user-info.follow-button" data-click-track="profile-user-info-follow-button" data-follow-user-fname="David" data-follow-user-id="1042229" data-follow-user-source="profile_button" data-has-google="false"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">add</span>Follow</button><button class="ds2-5-button hidden profile-cta-button grow js-profile-unfollow-button" data-broccoli-component="user-info.unfollow-button" data-click-track="profile-user-info-unfollow-button" data-unfollow-user-id="1042229"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">done</span>Following</button></div></div><div class="user-stats-container"><a><div class="stat-container js-profile-followers"><p class="label">Followers</p><p class="data">223</p></div></a><a><div class="stat-container js-profile-followees" data-broccoli-component="user-info.followees-count" data-click-track="profile-expand-user-info-following"><p class="label">Following</p><p class="data">14</p></div></a><a><div class="stat-container js-profile-coauthors" data-broccoli-component="user-info.coauthors-count" data-click-track="profile-expand-user-info-coauthors"><p class="label">Co-authors</p><p class="data">2</p></div></a><a href="/DavidAbel/mentions"><div class="stat-container"><p class="label">Mentions</p><p class="data">59</p></div></a><a href="https://lifeorigin.academia.edu/DavidAbel/Analytics"><div class="stat-container"><p class="label"><span class="js-profile-total-view-text">Public Views</span></p><p class="data"><span class="js-profile-view-count"></span></p></div></a></div><div class="user-bio-container"><div class="profile-bio fake-truncate js-profile-about" style="margin: 0px;">Life-Origin Science Specialist<br /><div class="js-profile-less-about u-linkUnstyled u-tcGrayDarker u-textDecorationUnderline u-displayNone">less</div></div></div><div class="ri-section"><div class="ri-section-header"><span>Interests</span></div><div class="ri-tags-container"><a data-click-track="profile-user-info-expand-research-interests" data-has-card-for-ri-list="1042229" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biosemiotics"><div id="js-react-on-rails-context" style="display:none" data-rails-context="{"inMailer":false,"i18nLocale":"en","i18nDefaultLocale":"en","href":"https://lifeorigin.academia.edu/DavidAbel","location":"/DavidAbel","scheme":"https","host":"lifeorigin.academia.edu","port":null,"pathname":"/DavidAbel","search":null,"httpAcceptLanguage":null,"serverSide":false}"></div> <div class="js-react-on-rails-component" style="display:none" data-component-name="Pill" data-props="{"color":"gray","children":["Biosemiotics"]}" data-trace="false" data-dom-id="Pill-react-component-f4d6bf43-4d1f-499f-9240-afe57147b2c8"></div> <div id="Pill-react-component-f4d6bf43-4d1f-499f-9240-afe57147b2c8"></div> </a><a data-click-track="profile-user-info-expand-research-interests" data-has-card-for-ri-list="1042229" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/BioCybernetics"><div class="js-react-on-rails-component" style="display:none" data-component-name="Pill" data-props="{"color":"gray","children":["BioCybernetics"]}" data-trace="false" data-dom-id="Pill-react-component-e96b8fe3-c8da-4db2-802c-d26d720342a9"></div> <div id="Pill-react-component-e96b8fe3-c8da-4db2-802c-d26d720342a9"></div> </a><a data-click-track="profile-user-info-expand-research-interests" data-has-card-for-ri-list="1042229" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Life_Origin"><div class="js-react-on-rails-component" style="display:none" data-component-name="Pill" data-props="{"color":"gray","children":["Life Origin"]}" data-trace="false" data-dom-id="Pill-react-component-1015139e-a2ff-4feb-a004-e9439a1f0347"></div> <div id="Pill-react-component-1015139e-a2ff-4feb-a004-e9439a1f0347"></div> </a><a data-click-track="profile-user-info-expand-research-interests" data-has-card-for-ri-list="1042229" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Complexity_Theory"><div class="js-react-on-rails-component" style="display:none" data-component-name="Pill" data-props="{"color":"gray","children":["Complexity Theory"]}" data-trace="false" data-dom-id="Pill-react-component-c3989654-d60a-4634-ab57-57cb38f780c9"></div> <div id="Pill-react-component-c3989654-d60a-4634-ab57-57cb38f780c9"></div> </a><a data-click-track="profile-user-info-expand-research-interests" data-has-card-for-ri-list="1042229" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Controls_Vs._Constraints"><div 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Constraints"]}" data-trace="false" data-dom-id="Pill-react-component-dec030eb-c005-4f2f-b781-96e18f4c48d5"></div> <div id="Pill-react-component-dec030eb-c005-4f2f-b781-96e18f4c48d5"></div> </a></div></div><div class="external-links-container"><ul class="profile-links new-profile js-UserInfo-social"><li class="profile-profiles js-social-profiles-container"><i class="fa fa-spin fa-spinner"></i></li></ul></div></div></div><div class="right-panel-container"><div class="user-content-wrapper"><div class="uploads-container" id="social-redesign-work-container"><div class="upload-header"><h2 class="ds2-5-heading-sans-serif-xs">Uploads</h2></div><div class="nav-container backbone-profile-documents-nav hidden-xs"><ul class="nav-tablist" role="tablist"><li class="nav-chip active" role="presentation"><a data-section-name="" data-toggle="tab" href="#all" role="tab">all</a></li><li class="nav-chip" role="presentation"><a class="js-profile-docs-nav-section u-textTruncate" data-click-track="profile-works-tab" data-section-name="Books" data-toggle="tab" href="#books" role="tab" title="Books"><span>2</span> <span class="ds2-5-body-sm-bold">Books</span></a></li><li class="nav-chip" role="presentation"><a class="js-profile-docs-nav-section u-textTruncate" data-click-track="profile-works-tab" data-section-name="Papers" data-toggle="tab" href="#papers" role="tab" title="Papers"><span>73</span> <span class="ds2-5-body-sm-bold">Papers</span></a></li></ul></div><div class="divider ds-divider-16" style="margin: 0px;"></div><div class="documents-container backbone-social-profile-documents" style="width: 100%;"><div class="u-taCenter"></div><div class="profile--tab_content_container js-tab-pane tab-pane active" id="all"><div class="profile--tab_heading_container js-section-heading" data-section="Books" id="Books"><h3 class="profile--tab_heading_container">Books by David L Abel</h3></div><div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="11762570"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/11762570/Primordial_Prescription_The_Most_Plaguing_Problem_of_Life_Origin_Science"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Primordial Prescription: The Most Plaguing Problem of Life Origin Science" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/11762570/Primordial_Prescription_The_Most_Plaguing_Problem_of_Life_Origin_Science">Primordial Prescription: The Most Plaguing Problem of Life Origin Science</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">This is the second major work by this author (The First Gene: The Birth of Programming, Messaging...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">This is the second major work by this author (The First Gene: The Birth of Programming, Messaging and Formal Control) and it addresses the most fundamental questions remaining for life origin research: How did molecular evolution generate metabolic recipe and instructions using a representational symbol system? How did prebiotic nature set all of the many configurable switch-settings to integrate so many interdependent circuits? How did inanimate nature sequence nucleotides to spell instructions to the ribosomes on how to sequence amino acids into correctly folding protein molecular machines? How did nature then code these symbol-system instructions into Hamming block codes, to reduce noise pollution in the Shannon channel? What programmed the error-detection and error-correcting software that keeps life from quickly deteriorating into non-life from so many deleterious mutations? In short, which of the four known forces of physics organized and prescribed life into existence? Was it gravity? Was it the strong or weak nuclear force? Was it the electromagnetic force? How could any combination of these natural forces and force fields program decision nodes to prescribe future utility? Why and how would a prebiotic environment value, desire or seek to generate utility? Can chance and/or necessity (law) program or prescribe sophisticated biofunction? The most plaguing problem of life origin science remains: What programmed, in a prebiotic environment, the Primordial Prescription and Processing of such sophisticated, integrated biofunction? That is the subject of this book.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="11762570"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="11762570"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 11762570; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=11762570]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=11762570]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 11762570; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='11762570']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 11762570, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=11762570]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":11762570,"title":"Primordial Prescription: The Most Plaguing Problem of Life Origin Science","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"This is the second major work by this author (The First Gene: The Birth of Programming, Messaging and Formal Control) and it addresses the most fundamental questions remaining for life origin research: How did molecular evolution generate metabolic recipe and instructions using a representational symbol system? 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How could an inanimat...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Why would a prebiotic environment have “cared” whether anything functioned? How could an inanimate nature have recognized, valued, pursued or worked to preserve function? Even evolution has no goal. Could “survival of the fittest” explain the generation of the very first organism, fit or unfit? How did hundreds of biochemical pathways and cycles get integrated into such a sustained, cooperative, goal-oriented, holistic metabolism? Can physico-chemical propensities and/or mutations program logic gates for potential function, and integrate circuits? How could chance and/or necessity (the fixed laws of physics) have organized and programmed initial life? <br /> <br />While some scientists might wish to sweep these questions under the rug for being too “metaphysical,” they are as foundational to the science of biology as mathematics is to physics. Addressing such questions is the only path to elucidation of gene emergence and life origin through natural process. These legitimate queries are the subject matter of the new scientific discipline known as ProtoBioCybernetics—the study of the source and types of controls (not mere constraints) and regulation in the very first protocells.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="cd36590da1d9baebc7e39241c962880c" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":37436076,"asset_id":1203592,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/37436076/download_file?st=MTczMjQyNzQyMyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="1203592"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="1203592"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 1203592; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=1203592]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=1203592]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 1203592; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='1203592']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 1203592, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "cd36590da1d9baebc7e39241c962880c" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=1203592]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":1203592,"title":"The First Gene: The Birth of Programing, Messaging and Formal Control","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"Why would a prebiotic environment have “cared” whether anything functioned? 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These legitimate queries are the subject matter of the new scientific discipline known as ProtoBioCybernetics—the study of the source and types of controls (not mere constraints) and regulation in the very first protocells.","more_info":"LongView Press-Academic: Biolog. Res. Div.: New York, NY"},"translated_abstract":"Why would a prebiotic environment have “cared” whether anything functioned? How could an inanimate nature have recognized, valued, pursued or worked to preserve function? Even evolution has no goal. Could “survival of the fittest” explain the generation of the very first organism, fit or unfit? How did hundreds of biochemical pathways and cycles get integrated into such a sustained, cooperative, goal-oriented, holistic metabolism? Can physico-chemical propensities and/or mutations program logic gates for potential function, and integrate circuits? 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These legitimate queries are the subject matter of the new scientific discipline known as ProtoBioCybernetics—the study of the source and types of controls (not mere constraints) and regulation in the very first protocells.","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/1203592/The_First_Gene_The_Birth_of_Programing_Messaging_and_Formal_Control","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2012-01-05T23:31:33.028-08:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":1042229,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"book","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":37436076,"title":"","file_type":"docx","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/37436076/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"The_First_Gene.docx","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/37436076/download_file?st=MTczMjQyNzQyMyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"The_First_Gene_The_Birth_of_Programing_M.docx","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/37436076/The_First_Gene.docx?1430148070=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DThe_First_Gene_The_Birth_of_Programing_M.docx\u0026Expires=1732421787\u0026Signature=PIr7tPtDN-TjOKPKRunYL-Df-N-PelxS3-dxBrdKBxNUn0Jv6aDFpHUn5r6wW3zNXlGPrBCmhsUGawuqn6uTihvuXepqCOriGUFsT0dGbQVpOvRGDYi3g1rEp8~CZwrjv2IEl9dGXBfYrlhBZTJt9tUwK2aCMyxp8CTsexnYGSLTMa1nnzGY1AdElbgAkUL8i7G5m~m6kRAiq6Z-K3jI5d72jzBD6RHDU1hg7Azl2tnUzc7GP5agIx-OFeXPfjIRiN93eNAcvJzuKggW01n5fGFROPTacdBgWrQ807HR1wsHDxm7Fsfjh98rbALn2ke4W68mse2kh~rb8bK-KxpawQ__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"The_First_Gene_The_Birth_of_Programing_Messaging_and_Formal_Control","translated_slug":"","page_count":1,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","owner":{"id":1042229,"first_name":"David","middle_initials":"L","last_name":"Abel","page_name":"DavidAbel","domain_name":"lifeorigin","created_at":"2011-12-12T22:49:24.383-08:00","display_name":"David L Abel","url":"https://lifeorigin.academia.edu/DavidAbel"},"attachments":[{"id":37436076,"title":"","file_type":"docx","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/37436076/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"The_First_Gene.docx","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/37436076/download_file?st=MTczMjQyNzQyMyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"The_First_Gene_The_Birth_of_Programing_M.docx","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/37436076/The_First_Gene.docx?1430148070=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DThe_First_Gene_The_Birth_of_Programing_M.docx\u0026Expires=1732421787\u0026Signature=PIr7tPtDN-TjOKPKRunYL-Df-N-PelxS3-dxBrdKBxNUn0Jv6aDFpHUn5r6wW3zNXlGPrBCmhsUGawuqn6uTihvuXepqCOriGUFsT0dGbQVpOvRGDYi3g1rEp8~CZwrjv2IEl9dGXBfYrlhBZTJt9tUwK2aCMyxp8CTsexnYGSLTMa1nnzGY1AdElbgAkUL8i7G5m~m6kRAiq6Z-K3jI5d72jzBD6RHDU1hg7Azl2tnUzc7GP5agIx-OFeXPfjIRiN93eNAcvJzuKggW01n5fGFROPTacdBgWrQ807HR1wsHDxm7Fsfjh98rbALn2ke4W68mse2kh~rb8bK-KxpawQ__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":3155,"name":"Complexity Theory","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Complexity_Theory"},{"id":9231,"name":"Biosemiotics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biosemiotics"},{"id":334254,"name":"The cybernetic cut","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/The_cybernetic_cut"},{"id":353306,"name":"Gene Emergence","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Gene_Emergence"},{"id":353308,"name":"Order vs. Organization","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Order_vs._Organization"},{"id":353309,"name":"The Formalism \u003e Physicality (F \u003e P) Principle","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/The_Formalism_Physicality_F_P_Principle"},{"id":353340,"name":"BioCybernetics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/BioCybernetics"},{"id":353525,"name":"Life Origin","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Life_Origin"},{"id":1032077,"name":"Controls Vs. Constraints","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Controls_Vs._Constraints"}],"urls":[{"id":4921290,"url":"http://www.amazon.com/First-Gene-Programming-Messaging-Control/dp/0965798895/ref=sr_1_1?ie=UTF8\u0026qid=1435759789\u0026sr=8-1\u0026keywords=the+first+gene+david+l.+abel"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="profile--tab_heading_container js-section-heading" data-section="Papers" id="Papers"><h3 class="profile--tab_heading_container">Papers by David L Abel</h3></div><div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="93769215"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/93769215/Endometrial_cysts_and_polyps_in_a_cat_with_hydrometra"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Endometrial cysts and polyps in a cat with hydrometra" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/93769215/Endometrial_cysts_and_polyps_in_a_cat_with_hydrometra">Endometrial cysts and polyps in a cat with hydrometra</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Feline Practice</span><span>, 1990</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="93769215"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="93769215"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 93769215; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=93769215]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=93769215]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 93769215; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='93769215']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 93769215, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="69433651"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/69433651/Closed_wound_irrigation_of_compound_and_contaminated_fractures_as_a_preventive_and_treatment_for_osteomyelitis"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Closed-wound irrigation of compound and contaminated fractures as a preventive and treatment for osteomyelitis" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/69433651/Closed_wound_irrigation_of_compound_and_contaminated_fractures_as_a_preventive_and_treatment_for_osteomyelitis">Closed-wound irrigation of compound and contaminated fractures as a preventive and treatment for osteomyelitis</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Veterinary medicine, small animal clinician : VM, SAC</span><span>, 1975</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="69433651"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="69433651"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 69433651; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=69433651]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=69433651]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 69433651; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='69433651']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 69433651, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="59347600"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/59347600/Dichotomy_in_the_definition_of_prescriptive_information_suggests_both_prescribed_data_and_prescribed_algorithms_biosemiotics_applications_in_genomic_systems"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Dichotomy in the definition of prescriptive information suggests both prescribed data and prescribed algorithms: biosemiotics applications in genomic systems" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/73317398/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/59347600/Dichotomy_in_the_definition_of_prescriptive_information_suggests_both_prescribed_data_and_prescribed_algorithms_biosemiotics_applications_in_genomic_systems">Dichotomy in the definition of prescriptive information suggests both prescribed data and prescribed algorithms: biosemiotics applications in genomic systems</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">The fields of molecular biology and computer science have cooperated over recent years to create ...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">The fields of molecular biology and computer science have cooperated over recent years to create a synergy between the cybernetic and biosemiotic relationship found in cellular genomics to that of information and language found in computational systems. Biological information frequently manifests its &quot;meaning&quot; through instruction or actual production of formal bio-function. Such information is called Prescriptive Information (PI). PI programs organize and execute a prescribed set of choices. Closer examination of this term in cellular systems has led to a dichotomy in its definition suggesting both prescribed data and prescribed algorithms are constituents of PI. This paper looks at this dichotomy as expressed in both the genetic code and in the central dogma of protein synthesis. An example of a genetic algorithm is modeled after the ribosome, and an examination of the protein synthesis process is used to differentiate PI data from PI algorithms.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="0ec7f78c820d58b467c1da855d502334" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":73317398,"asset_id":59347600,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/73317398/download_file?st=MTczMjQyNzQyMyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="59347600"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="59347600"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 59347600; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=59347600]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=59347600]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 59347600; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='59347600']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 59347600, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "0ec7f78c820d58b467c1da855d502334" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=59347600]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":59347600,"title":"Dichotomy in the definition of prescriptive information suggests both prescribed data and prescribed algorithms: biosemiotics applications in genomic systems","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"The fields of molecular biology and computer science have cooperated over recent years to create a synergy between the cybernetic and biosemiotic relationship found in cellular genomics to that of information and language found in computational systems. Biological information frequently manifests its \u0026quot;meaning\u0026quot; through instruction or actual production of formal bio-function. Such information is called Prescriptive Information (PI). PI programs organize and execute a prescribed set of choices. Closer examination of this term in cellular systems has led to a dichotomy in its definition suggesting both prescribed data and prescribed algorithms are constituents of PI. This paper looks at this dichotomy as expressed in both the genetic code and in the central dogma of protein synthesis. An example of a genetic algorithm is modeled after the ribosome, and an examination of the protein synthesis process is used to differentiate PI data from PI algorithms."},"translated_abstract":"The fields of molecular biology and computer science have cooperated over recent years to create a synergy between the cybernetic and biosemiotic relationship found in cellular genomics to that of information and language found in computational systems. Biological information frequently manifests its \u0026quot;meaning\u0026quot; through instruction or actual production of formal bio-function. Such information is called Prescriptive Information (PI). PI programs organize and execute a prescribed set of choices. Closer examination of this term in cellular systems has led to a dichotomy in its definition suggesting both prescribed data and prescribed algorithms are constituents of PI. This paper looks at this dichotomy as expressed in both the genetic code and in the central dogma of protein synthesis. 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="53503229"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/53503229/The_biosemiosis_of_prescriptive_information"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of The biosemiosis of prescriptive information" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/70317055/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/53503229/The_biosemiosis_of_prescriptive_information">The biosemiosis of prescriptive information</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Semiotica</span><span>, 2009</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="63e239eb9d5f06a56d3e72e180672d16" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":70317055,"asset_id":53503229,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/70317055/download_file?st=MTczMjQyNzQyMyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="53503229"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="53503229"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 53503229; 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Yet precise and quantitative definitions of these terms are sorely lacking. “Emergence at the edge of chaos” invites vivid imagination of spontaneous creativity. Unfortunately, the phrase lacks scientific substance and explanatory mechanism. We explore the meaning, role, and relationship of complexity at the edge of chaos along with self-organization. We examine their relevance to life-origin processes. The high degree of order and pattern found in “necessity” (the regularities of nature described by the “laws” of physics) greatly reduce the uncertainty and information retaining potential of spontaneously-ordered physical matrices. No as-of-yet undiscovered law, therefore, will be able to explain the high information content of even the simplest prescriptive genome. Maximum complexity corresponds to randomness when defined from a Kolmogorov perspective. 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Yet precise and quantitative definitions of these terms are sorely lacking. “Emergence at the edge of chaos” invites vivid imagination of spontaneous creativity. Unfortunately, the phrase lacks scientific substance and explanatory mechanism. We explore the meaning, role, and relationship of complexity at the edge of chaos along with self-organization. We examine their relevance to life-origin processes. The high degree of order and pattern found in “necessity” (the regularities of nature described by the “laws” of physics) greatly reduce the uncertainty and information retaining potential of spontaneously-ordered physical matrices. No as-of-yet undiscovered law, therefore, will be able to explain the high information content of even the simplest prescriptive genome. Maximum complexity corresponds to randomness when defined from a Kolmogorov perspective. Other definitions of compl..."},"translated_abstract":"“Complexity,” “self-organization,” and “emergence” are terms used extensively in life-origin literature. Yet precise and quantitative definitions of these terms are sorely lacking. “Emergence at the edge of chaos” invites vivid imagination of spontaneous creativity. Unfortunately, the phrase lacks scientific substance and explanatory mechanism. We explore the meaning, role, and relationship of complexity at the edge of chaos along with self-organization. We examine their relevance to life-origin processes. The high degree of order and pattern found in “necessity” (the regularities of nature described by the “laws” of physics) greatly reduce the uncertainty and information retaining potential of spontaneously-ordered physical matrices. No as-of-yet undiscovered law, therefore, will be able to explain the high information content of even the simplest prescriptive genome. Maximum complexity corresponds to randomness when defined from a Kolmogorov perspective. Other definitions of compl...","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/53503224/Complexity_self_organization_and_emergence_at_the_edge_of_chaos_in_life_origin_models","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2021-09-27T05:19:18.215-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":1042229,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[],"slug":"Complexity_self_organization_and_emergence_at_the_edge_of_chaos_in_life_origin_models","translated_slug":"","page_count":null,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","owner":{"id":1042229,"first_name":"David","middle_initials":"L","last_name":"Abel","page_name":"DavidAbel","domain_name":"lifeorigin","created_at":"2011-12-12T22:49:24.383-08:00","display_name":"David L Abel","url":"https://lifeorigin.academia.edu/DavidAbel"},"attachments":[],"research_interests":[],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="53503220"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/53503220/The_biosemiosis_of_prescriptive_information"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of The biosemiosis of prescriptive information" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/53503220/The_biosemiosis_of_prescriptive_information">The biosemiosis of prescriptive information</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Semiotica</span><span>, 2000</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Page 1. The biosemiosis of prescriptive information DAVID L. ABEL Abstract Exactly how do the sig...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Page 1. The biosemiosis of prescriptive information DAVID L. ABEL Abstract Exactly how do the sign/symbol/token systems of endo-and exo-biosemiosis di¤er from those of cognitive semiosis? Do the biological messages that integrate metabolism have conceptual meaning? ...</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="53503220"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="53503220"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 53503220; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=53503220]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=53503220]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 53503220; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='53503220']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 53503220, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=53503220]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":53503220,"title":"The biosemiosis of prescriptive information","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"Page 1. The biosemiosis of prescriptive information DAVID L. ABEL Abstract Exactly how do the sign/symbol/token systems of endo-and exo-biosemiosis di¤er from those of cognitive semiosis? Do the biological messages that integrate metabolism have conceptual meaning? ...","publisher":"Walter de Gruyter GmbH","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":2000,"errors":{}},"publication_name":"Semiotica"},"translated_abstract":"Page 1. The biosemiosis of prescriptive information DAVID L. ABEL Abstract Exactly how do the sign/symbol/token systems of endo-and exo-biosemiosis di¤er from those of cognitive semiosis? Do the biological messages that integrate metabolism have conceptual meaning? ...","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/53503220/The_biosemiosis_of_prescriptive_information","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2021-09-27T05:19:17.944-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":1042229,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[],"slug":"The_biosemiosis_of_prescriptive_information","translated_slug":"","page_count":null,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","owner":{"id":1042229,"first_name":"David","middle_initials":"L","last_name":"Abel","page_name":"DavidAbel","domain_name":"lifeorigin","created_at":"2011-12-12T22:49:24.383-08:00","display_name":"David L Abel","url":"https://lifeorigin.academia.edu/DavidAbel"},"attachments":[],"research_interests":[{"id":803,"name":"Philosophy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Philosophy"},{"id":15674,"name":"Linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Linguistics"},{"id":137020,"name":"Semiotica","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Semiotica"}],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="53503217"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/53503217/The_First_Gene_The_Birth_of_Programming_Messaging_and_Formal_Control"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of The First Gene: The Birth of Programming, Messaging and Formal Control" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/53503217/The_First_Gene_The_Birth_of_Programming_Messaging_and_Formal_Control">The First Gene: The Birth of Programming, Messaging and Formal Control</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="53503217"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="53503217"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 53503217; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=53503217]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=53503217]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 53503217; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='53503217']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 53503217, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=53503217]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":53503217,"title":"The First Gene: The Birth of Programming, Messaging and Formal Control","translated_title":"","metadata":{"publisher":"… Press. There is a discussion of the …","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":2011,"errors":{}}},"translated_abstract":null,"internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/53503217/The_First_Gene_The_Birth_of_Programming_Messaging_and_Formal_Control","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2021-09-27T05:19:17.791-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":1042229,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[],"slug":"The_First_Gene_The_Birth_of_Programming_Messaging_and_Formal_Control","translated_slug":"","page_count":null,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","owner":{"id":1042229,"first_name":"David","middle_initials":"L","last_name":"Abel","page_name":"DavidAbel","domain_name":"lifeorigin","created_at":"2011-12-12T22:49:24.383-08:00","display_name":"David L Abel","url":"https://lifeorigin.academia.edu/DavidAbel"},"attachments":[],"research_interests":[],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="53502882"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/53502882/Chance_and_necessity_do_not_explain_the_origin_of_life"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Chance and necessity do not explain the origin of life" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/53502882/Chance_and_necessity_do_not_explain_the_origin_of_life">Chance and necessity do not explain the origin of life</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Cell biology international</span><span>, 2004</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Where and how did the complex genetic instruction set programmed into DNA come into existence? Th...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Where and how did the complex genetic instruction set programmed into DNA come into existence? The genetic set may have arisen elsewhere and was transported to the Earth. If not, it arose on the Earth, and became the genetic code in a previous lifeless, physical-chemical world. Even if RNA or DNA were inserted into a lifeless world, they would not contain any genetic instructions unless each nucleotide selection in the sequence was programmed for function. Even then, a predetermined communication system would have had to be in place for any message to be understood at the destination. Transcription and translation would not necessarily have been needed in an RNA world. Ribozymes could have accomplished some of the simpler functions of current protein enzymes. Templating of single RNA strands followed by retemplating back to a sense strand could have occurred. But this process does not explain the derivation of &amp;quot;sense&amp;quot; in any strand. &amp;quot;Sense&amp;quot; means algorithmic function achieved through sequences of certain decision-node switch-settings. These particular primary structures determine secondary and tertiary structures. Each sequence determines minimum-free-energy folding propensities, binding site specificity, and function. Minimal metabolism would be needed for cells to be capable of growth and division. All known metabolism is cybernetic--that is, it is programmatically and algorithmically organized and controlled.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="53502882"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="53502882"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 53502882; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=53502882]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=53502882]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 53502882; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='53502882']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 53502882, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=53502882]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":53502882,"title":"Chance and necessity do not explain the origin of life","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"Where and how did the complex genetic instruction set programmed into DNA come into existence? The genetic set may have arisen elsewhere and was transported to the Earth. If not, it arose on the Earth, and became the genetic code in a previous lifeless, physical-chemical world. Even if RNA or DNA were inserted into a lifeless world, they would not contain any genetic instructions unless each nucleotide selection in the sequence was programmed for function. Even then, a predetermined communication system would have had to be in place for any message to be understood at the destination. Transcription and translation would not necessarily have been needed in an RNA world. Ribozymes could have accomplished some of the simpler functions of current protein enzymes. Templating of single RNA strands followed by retemplating back to a sense strand could have occurred. But this process does not explain the derivation of \u0026amp;quot;sense\u0026amp;quot; in any strand. \u0026amp;quot;Sense\u0026amp;quot; means algorithmic function achieved through sequences of certain decision-node switch-settings. These particular primary structures determine secondary and tertiary structures. Each sequence determines minimum-free-energy folding propensities, binding site specificity, and function. Minimal metabolism would be needed for cells to be capable of growth and division. All known metabolism is cybernetic--that is, it is programmatically and algorithmically organized and controlled.","publisher":"Elsevier","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":2004,"errors":{}},"publication_name":"Cell biology international"},"translated_abstract":"Where and how did the complex genetic instruction set programmed into DNA come into existence? The genetic set may have arisen elsewhere and was transported to the Earth. If not, it arose on the Earth, and became the genetic code in a previous lifeless, physical-chemical world. Even if RNA or DNA were inserted into a lifeless world, they would not contain any genetic instructions unless each nucleotide selection in the sequence was programmed for function. Even then, a predetermined communication system would have had to be in place for any message to be understood at the destination. Transcription and translation would not necessarily have been needed in an RNA world. Ribozymes could have accomplished some of the simpler functions of current protein enzymes. Templating of single RNA strands followed by retemplating back to a sense strand could have occurred. But this process does not explain the derivation of \u0026amp;quot;sense\u0026amp;quot; in any strand. \u0026amp;quot;Sense\u0026amp;quot; means algorithmic function achieved through sequences of certain decision-node switch-settings. These particular primary structures determine secondary and tertiary structures. Each sequence determines minimum-free-energy folding propensities, binding site specificity, and function. Minimal metabolism would be needed for cells to be capable of growth and division. All known metabolism is cybernetic--that is, it is programmatically and algorithmically organized and controlled.","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/53502882/Chance_and_necessity_do_not_explain_the_origin_of_life","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2021-09-27T05:15:34.974-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":1042229,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[],"slug":"Chance_and_necessity_do_not_explain_the_origin_of_life","translated_slug":"","page_count":null,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","owner":{"id":1042229,"first_name":"David","middle_initials":"L","last_name":"Abel","page_name":"DavidAbel","domain_name":"lifeorigin","created_at":"2011-12-12T22:49:24.383-08:00","display_name":"David L Abel","url":"https://lifeorigin.academia.edu/DavidAbel"},"attachments":[],"research_interests":[{"id":156,"name":"Genetics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Genetics"},{"id":1410,"name":"Information Theory","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Information_Theory"},{"id":3701,"name":"RNA","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/RNA"},{"id":5001,"name":"Astrobiology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Astrobiology"},{"id":10882,"name":"Evolution","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Evolution"},{"id":13827,"name":"Cell Biology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cell_Biology"},{"id":42555,"name":"Communication System","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Communication_System"},{"id":48057,"name":"DNA","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/DNA"},{"id":64568,"name":"Humans","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Humans"},{"id":99234,"name":"Animals","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Animals"},{"id":137179,"name":"Origin of Life","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Origin_of_Life"},{"id":161099,"name":"Biogenesis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biogenesis"},{"id":161213,"name":"Panspermia","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Panspermia"},{"id":166506,"name":"Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Molecular_Phylogenetics_and_Evolution"},{"id":181569,"name":"Proteins","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Proteins"},{"id":359338,"name":"RNA World","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/RNA_World"},{"id":1225593,"name":"Genetic Code","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Genetic_Code"},{"id":1242506,"name":"Binding Site","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Binding_Site"},{"id":1681026,"name":"Biochemistry and cell biology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biochemistry_and_cell_biology"},{"id":1824596,"name":"Cellular and Mobile Communication","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cellular_and_Mobile_Communication"}],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="52206263"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/52206263/The_universal_plausibility_metric_UPM_and_principle_UPP_"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of The universal plausibility metric (UPM) & principle (UPP)" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/69578909/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/52206263/The_universal_plausibility_metric_UPM_and_principle_UPP_">The universal plausibility metric (UPM) & principle (UPP)</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Theoretical Biology and Medical Modelling</span><span>, 2009</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="e4bf18d12e186b06afb63b42523fe313" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":69578909,"asset_id":52206263,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/69578909/download_file?st=MTczMjQyNzQyMyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="52206263"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="52206263"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 52206263; 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A precisely defined universal bound is needed beyond which the assertion of plausibility, particularly in life-origin models, can be considered operationally falsified. But can something so seemingly relative and subjective as plausibility ever be quantified? Amazingly, the answer is, \"Yes.\" A method of objectively measuring the plausibility of any chance hypothesis (The Universal Plausibility Metric [UPM]) is presented. A numerical inequality is also provided whereby any chance hypothesis can be definitively falsified when its UPM metric of ξ is \u003c 1 (The Universal Plausibility Principle [UPP]). Both UPM and UPP pre-exist and are independent of any experimental design and data set. 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="52206240"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/52206240/The_universal_plausibility_metric_UPM_and_principle_UPP_"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of The universal plausibility metric (UPM) & principle (UPP)" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/69578902/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/52206240/The_universal_plausibility_metric_UPM_and_principle_UPP_">The universal plausibility metric (UPM) & principle (UPP)</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Theoretical Biology and Medical Modelling</span><span>, 2009</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="2c9ba2a48ec4608c5b65dcd3f7d11d9f" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":69578902,"asset_id":52206240,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/69578902/download_file?st=MTczMjQyNzQyMyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="52206240"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="52206240"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 52206240; 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A precisely defined universal bound is needed beyond which the assertion of plausibility, particularly in life-origin models, can be considered operationally falsified. But can something so seemingly relative and subjective as plausibility ever be quantified? Amazingly, the answer is, \"Yes.\" A method of objectively measuring the plausibility of any chance hypothesis (The Universal Plausibility Metric [UPM]) is presented. A numerical inequality is also provided whereby any chance hypothesis can be definitively falsified when its UPM metric of ξ is \u003c 1 (The Universal Plausibility Principle [UPP]). Both UPM and UPP pre-exist and are independent of any experimental design and data set. 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> </div><div class="profile--tab_content_container js-tab-pane tab-pane" data-section-id="152687" id="books"><div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="11762570"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/11762570/Primordial_Prescription_The_Most_Plaguing_Problem_of_Life_Origin_Science"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Primordial Prescription: The Most Plaguing Problem of Life Origin Science" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/11762570/Primordial_Prescription_The_Most_Plaguing_Problem_of_Life_Origin_Science">Primordial Prescription: The Most Plaguing Problem of Life Origin Science</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">This is the second major work by this author (The First Gene: The Birth of Programming, Messaging...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">This is the second major work by this author (The First Gene: The Birth of Programming, Messaging and Formal Control) and it addresses the most fundamental questions remaining for life origin research: How did molecular evolution generate metabolic recipe and instructions using a representational symbol system? How did prebiotic nature set all of the many configurable switch-settings to integrate so many interdependent circuits? How did inanimate nature sequence nucleotides to spell instructions to the ribosomes on how to sequence amino acids into correctly folding protein molecular machines? How did nature then code these symbol-system instructions into Hamming block codes, to reduce noise pollution in the Shannon channel? What programmed the error-detection and error-correcting software that keeps life from quickly deteriorating into non-life from so many deleterious mutations? In short, which of the four known forces of physics organized and prescribed life into existence? Was it gravity? Was it the strong or weak nuclear force? Was it the electromagnetic force? How could any combination of these natural forces and force fields program decision nodes to prescribe future utility? Why and how would a prebiotic environment value, desire or seek to generate utility? Can chance and/or necessity (law) program or prescribe sophisticated biofunction? The most plaguing problem of life origin science remains: What programmed, in a prebiotic environment, the Primordial Prescription and Processing of such sophisticated, integrated biofunction? That is the subject of this book.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="11762570"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="11762570"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 11762570; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=11762570]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=11762570]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 11762570; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='11762570']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 11762570, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=11762570]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":11762570,"title":"Primordial Prescription: The Most Plaguing Problem of Life Origin Science","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"This is the second major work by this author (The First Gene: The Birth of Programming, Messaging and Formal Control) and it addresses the most fundamental questions remaining for life origin research: How did molecular evolution generate metabolic recipe and instructions using a representational symbol system? How did prebiotic nature set all of the many configurable switch-settings to integrate so many interdependent circuits? How did inanimate nature sequence nucleotides to spell instructions to the ribosomes on how to sequence amino acids into correctly folding protein molecular machines? How did nature then code these symbol-system instructions into Hamming block codes, to reduce noise pollution in the Shannon channel? What programmed the error-detection and error-correcting software that keeps life from quickly deteriorating into non-life from so many deleterious mutations? In short, which of the four known forces of physics organized and prescribed life into existence? Was it gravity? Was it the strong or weak nuclear force? Was it the electromagnetic force? How could any combination of these natural forces and force fields program decision nodes to prescribe future utility? Why and how would a prebiotic environment value, desire or seek to generate utility? Can chance and/or necessity (law) program or prescribe sophisticated biofunction? The most plaguing problem of life origin science remains: What programmed, in a prebiotic environment, the Primordial Prescription and Processing of such sophisticated, integrated biofunction? That is the subject of this book."},"translated_abstract":"This is the second major work by this author (The First Gene: The Birth of Programming, Messaging and Formal Control) and it addresses the most fundamental questions remaining for life origin research: How did molecular evolution generate metabolic recipe and instructions using a representational symbol system? How did prebiotic nature set all of the many configurable switch-settings to integrate so many interdependent circuits? How did inanimate nature sequence nucleotides to spell instructions to the ribosomes on how to sequence amino acids into correctly folding protein molecular machines? How did nature then code these symbol-system instructions into Hamming block codes, to reduce noise pollution in the Shannon channel? What programmed the error-detection and error-correcting software that keeps life from quickly deteriorating into non-life from so many deleterious mutations? In short, which of the four known forces of physics organized and prescribed life into existence? Was it gravity? Was it the strong or weak nuclear force? Was it the electromagnetic force? How could any combination of these natural forces and force fields program decision nodes to prescribe future utility? Why and how would a prebiotic environment value, desire or seek to generate utility? Can chance and/or necessity (law) program or prescribe sophisticated biofunction? The most plaguing problem of life origin science remains: What programmed, in a prebiotic environment, the Primordial Prescription and Processing of such sophisticated, integrated biofunction? That is the subject of this book.","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/11762570/Primordial_Prescription_The_Most_Plaguing_Problem_of_Life_Origin_Science","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2015-04-01T20:22:49.383-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":1042229,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"book","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[],"slug":"Primordial_Prescription_The_Most_Plaguing_Problem_of_Life_Origin_Science","translated_slug":"","page_count":null,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","owner":{"id":1042229,"first_name":"David","middle_initials":"L","last_name":"Abel","page_name":"DavidAbel","domain_name":"lifeorigin","created_at":"2011-12-12T22:49:24.383-08:00","display_name":"David L Abel","url":"https://lifeorigin.academia.edu/DavidAbel"},"attachments":[],"research_interests":[{"id":353292,"name":"ProtoBioCybernetics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/ProtoBioCybernetics"}],"urls":[{"id":4921203,"url":"http://www.amazon.com/Primordial-Prescription-Plaguing-Problem-Science/dp/0965798828"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="1203592"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/1203592/The_First_Gene_The_Birth_of_Programing_Messaging_and_Formal_Control"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of The First Gene: The Birth of Programing, Messaging and Formal Control" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/37436076/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/1203592/The_First_Gene_The_Birth_of_Programing_Messaging_and_Formal_Control">The First Gene: The Birth of Programing, Messaging and Formal Control</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Why would a prebiotic environment have “cared” whether anything functioned? How could an inanimat...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Why would a prebiotic environment have “cared” whether anything functioned? How could an inanimate nature have recognized, valued, pursued or worked to preserve function? Even evolution has no goal. Could “survival of the fittest” explain the generation of the very first organism, fit or unfit? How did hundreds of biochemical pathways and cycles get integrated into such a sustained, cooperative, goal-oriented, holistic metabolism? Can physico-chemical propensities and/or mutations program logic gates for potential function, and integrate circuits? How could chance and/or necessity (the fixed laws of physics) have organized and programmed initial life? <br /> <br />While some scientists might wish to sweep these questions under the rug for being too “metaphysical,” they are as foundational to the science of biology as mathematics is to physics. Addressing such questions is the only path to elucidation of gene emergence and life origin through natural process. These legitimate queries are the subject matter of the new scientific discipline known as ProtoBioCybernetics—the study of the source and types of controls (not mere constraints) and regulation in the very first protocells.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="cd36590da1d9baebc7e39241c962880c" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":37436076,"asset_id":1203592,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/37436076/download_file?st=MTczMjQyNzQyMyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="1203592"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="1203592"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 1203592; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=1203592]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=1203592]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 1203592; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='1203592']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 1203592, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "cd36590da1d9baebc7e39241c962880c" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=1203592]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":1203592,"title":"The First Gene: The Birth of Programing, Messaging and Formal Control","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"Why would a prebiotic environment have “cared” whether anything functioned? How could an inanimate nature have recognized, valued, pursued or worked to preserve function? Even evolution has no goal. Could “survival of the fittest” explain the generation of the very first organism, fit or unfit? How did hundreds of biochemical pathways and cycles get integrated into such a sustained, cooperative, goal-oriented, holistic metabolism? Can physico-chemical propensities and/or mutations program logic gates for potential function, and integrate circuits? How could chance and/or necessity (the fixed laws of physics) have organized and programmed initial life? \r\n\r\nWhile some scientists might wish to sweep these questions under the rug for being too “metaphysical,” they are as foundational to the science of biology as mathematics is to physics. Addressing such questions is the only path to elucidation of gene emergence and life origin through natural process. These legitimate queries are the subject matter of the new scientific discipline known as ProtoBioCybernetics—the study of the source and types of controls (not mere constraints) and regulation in the very first protocells.","more_info":"LongView Press-Academic: Biolog. Res. Div.: New York, NY"},"translated_abstract":"Why would a prebiotic environment have “cared” whether anything functioned? How could an inanimate nature have recognized, valued, pursued or worked to preserve function? Even evolution has no goal. Could “survival of the fittest” explain the generation of the very first organism, fit or unfit? How did hundreds of biochemical pathways and cycles get integrated into such a sustained, cooperative, goal-oriented, holistic metabolism? Can physico-chemical propensities and/or mutations program logic gates for potential function, and integrate circuits? How could chance and/or necessity (the fixed laws of physics) have organized and programmed initial life? \r\n\r\nWhile some scientists might wish to sweep these questions under the rug for being too “metaphysical,” they are as foundational to the science of biology as mathematics is to physics. Addressing such questions is the only path to elucidation of gene emergence and life origin through natural process. These legitimate queries are the subject matter of the new scientific discipline known as ProtoBioCybernetics—the study of the source and types of controls (not mere constraints) and regulation in the very first protocells.","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/1203592/The_First_Gene_The_Birth_of_Programing_Messaging_and_Formal_Control","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2012-01-05T23:31:33.028-08:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":1042229,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"book","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":37436076,"title":"","file_type":"docx","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/37436076/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"The_First_Gene.docx","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/37436076/download_file?st=MTczMjQyNzQyMyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"The_First_Gene_The_Birth_of_Programing_M.docx","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/37436076/The_First_Gene.docx?1430148070=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DThe_First_Gene_The_Birth_of_Programing_M.docx\u0026Expires=1732421787\u0026Signature=PIr7tPtDN-TjOKPKRunYL-Df-N-PelxS3-dxBrdKBxNUn0Jv6aDFpHUn5r6wW3zNXlGPrBCmhsUGawuqn6uTihvuXepqCOriGUFsT0dGbQVpOvRGDYi3g1rEp8~CZwrjv2IEl9dGXBfYrlhBZTJt9tUwK2aCMyxp8CTsexnYGSLTMa1nnzGY1AdElbgAkUL8i7G5m~m6kRAiq6Z-K3jI5d72jzBD6RHDU1hg7Azl2tnUzc7GP5agIx-OFeXPfjIRiN93eNAcvJzuKggW01n5fGFROPTacdBgWrQ807HR1wsHDxm7Fsfjh98rbALn2ke4W68mse2kh~rb8bK-KxpawQ__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"The_First_Gene_The_Birth_of_Programing_Messaging_and_Formal_Control","translated_slug":"","page_count":1,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","owner":{"id":1042229,"first_name":"David","middle_initials":"L","last_name":"Abel","page_name":"DavidAbel","domain_name":"lifeorigin","created_at":"2011-12-12T22:49:24.383-08:00","display_name":"David L Abel","url":"https://lifeorigin.academia.edu/DavidAbel"},"attachments":[{"id":37436076,"title":"","file_type":"docx","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/37436076/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"The_First_Gene.docx","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/37436076/download_file?st=MTczMjQyNzQyMyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"The_First_Gene_The_Birth_of_Programing_M.docx","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/37436076/The_First_Gene.docx?1430148070=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DThe_First_Gene_The_Birth_of_Programing_M.docx\u0026Expires=1732421787\u0026Signature=PIr7tPtDN-TjOKPKRunYL-Df-N-PelxS3-dxBrdKBxNUn0Jv6aDFpHUn5r6wW3zNXlGPrBCmhsUGawuqn6uTihvuXepqCOriGUFsT0dGbQVpOvRGDYi3g1rEp8~CZwrjv2IEl9dGXBfYrlhBZTJt9tUwK2aCMyxp8CTsexnYGSLTMa1nnzGY1AdElbgAkUL8i7G5m~m6kRAiq6Z-K3jI5d72jzBD6RHDU1hg7Azl2tnUzc7GP5agIx-OFeXPfjIRiN93eNAcvJzuKggW01n5fGFROPTacdBgWrQ807HR1wsHDxm7Fsfjh98rbALn2ke4W68mse2kh~rb8bK-KxpawQ__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":3155,"name":"Complexity Theory","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Complexity_Theory"},{"id":9231,"name":"Biosemiotics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biosemiotics"},{"id":334254,"name":"The cybernetic cut","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/The_cybernetic_cut"},{"id":353306,"name":"Gene Emergence","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Gene_Emergence"},{"id":353308,"name":"Order vs. Organization","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Order_vs._Organization"},{"id":353309,"name":"The Formalism \u003e Physicality (F \u003e P) Principle","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/The_Formalism_Physicality_F_P_Principle"},{"id":353340,"name":"BioCybernetics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/BioCybernetics"},{"id":353525,"name":"Life Origin","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Life_Origin"},{"id":1032077,"name":"Controls Vs. Constraints","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Controls_Vs._Constraints"}],"urls":[{"id":4921290,"url":"http://www.amazon.com/First-Gene-Programming-Messaging-Control/dp/0965798895/ref=sr_1_1?ie=UTF8\u0026qid=1435759789\u0026sr=8-1\u0026keywords=the+first+gene+david+l.+abel"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> </div><div class="profile--tab_content_container js-tab-pane tab-pane" data-section-id="152680" id="papers"><div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="93769215"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/93769215/Endometrial_cysts_and_polyps_in_a_cat_with_hydrometra"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Endometrial cysts and polyps in a cat with hydrometra" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/93769215/Endometrial_cysts_and_polyps_in_a_cat_with_hydrometra">Endometrial cysts and polyps in a cat with hydrometra</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Feline Practice</span><span>, 1990</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="93769215"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="93769215"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 93769215; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=93769215]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=93769215]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 93769215; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='93769215']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 93769215, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="69433651"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/69433651/Closed_wound_irrigation_of_compound_and_contaminated_fractures_as_a_preventive_and_treatment_for_osteomyelitis"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Closed-wound irrigation of compound and contaminated fractures as a preventive and treatment for osteomyelitis" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/69433651/Closed_wound_irrigation_of_compound_and_contaminated_fractures_as_a_preventive_and_treatment_for_osteomyelitis">Closed-wound irrigation of compound and contaminated fractures as a preventive and treatment for osteomyelitis</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Veterinary medicine, small animal clinician : VM, SAC</span><span>, 1975</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="69433651"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="69433651"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 69433651; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=69433651]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=69433651]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 69433651; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='69433651']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 69433651, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=69433651]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":69433651,"title":"Closed-wound irrigation of compound and contaminated fractures as a preventive and treatment for osteomyelitis","translated_title":"","metadata":{"publisher":"Veterinary medicine, small animal clinician : VM, SAC","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":1975,"errors":{}},"publication_name":"Veterinary medicine, small animal clinician : VM, SAC"},"translated_abstract":null,"internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/69433651/Closed_wound_irrigation_of_compound_and_contaminated_fractures_as_a_preventive_and_treatment_for_osteomyelitis","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2022-01-25T09:21:37.236-08:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":1042229,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[],"slug":"Closed_wound_irrigation_of_compound_and_contaminated_fractures_as_a_preventive_and_treatment_for_osteomyelitis","translated_slug":"","page_count":null,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","owner":{"id":1042229,"first_name":"David","middle_initials":"L","last_name":"Abel","page_name":"DavidAbel","domain_name":"lifeorigin","created_at":"2011-12-12T22:49:24.383-08:00","display_name":"David L Abel","url":"https://lifeorigin.academia.edu/DavidAbel"},"attachments":[],"research_interests":[{"id":26327,"name":"Medicine","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medicine"},{"id":41088,"name":"Cats","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cats"},{"id":52438,"name":"Dogs","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Dogs"},{"id":99234,"name":"Animals","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Animals"},{"id":228045,"name":"Osteomyelitis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Osteomyelitis"},{"id":2467504,"name":"Therapeutic Irrigation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Therapeutic_Irrigation"},{"id":4002453,"name":"Fractures Bone","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Fractures_Bone"}],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="59347600"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/59347600/Dichotomy_in_the_definition_of_prescriptive_information_suggests_both_prescribed_data_and_prescribed_algorithms_biosemiotics_applications_in_genomic_systems"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Dichotomy in the definition of prescriptive information suggests both prescribed data and prescribed algorithms: biosemiotics applications in genomic systems" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/73317398/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/59347600/Dichotomy_in_the_definition_of_prescriptive_information_suggests_both_prescribed_data_and_prescribed_algorithms_biosemiotics_applications_in_genomic_systems">Dichotomy in the definition of prescriptive information suggests both prescribed data and prescribed algorithms: biosemiotics applications in genomic systems</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">The fields of molecular biology and computer science have cooperated over recent years to create ...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">The fields of molecular biology and computer science have cooperated over recent years to create a synergy between the cybernetic and biosemiotic relationship found in cellular genomics to that of information and language found in computational systems. Biological information frequently manifests its &quot;meaning&quot; through instruction or actual production of formal bio-function. Such information is called Prescriptive Information (PI). PI programs organize and execute a prescribed set of choices. Closer examination of this term in cellular systems has led to a dichotomy in its definition suggesting both prescribed data and prescribed algorithms are constituents of PI. This paper looks at this dichotomy as expressed in both the genetic code and in the central dogma of protein synthesis. An example of a genetic algorithm is modeled after the ribosome, and an examination of the protein synthesis process is used to differentiate PI data from PI algorithms.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="0ec7f78c820d58b467c1da855d502334" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":73317398,"asset_id":59347600,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/73317398/download_file?st=MTczMjQyNzQyMyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="59347600"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="59347600"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 59347600; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=59347600]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=59347600]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 59347600; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='59347600']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 59347600, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "0ec7f78c820d58b467c1da855d502334" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=59347600]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":59347600,"title":"Dichotomy in the definition of prescriptive information suggests both prescribed data and prescribed algorithms: biosemiotics applications in genomic systems","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"The fields of molecular biology and computer science have cooperated over recent years to create a synergy between the cybernetic and biosemiotic relationship found in cellular genomics to that of information and language found in computational systems. 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="53503224"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/53503224/Complexity_self_organization_and_emergence_at_the_edge_of_chaos_in_life_origin_models"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Complexity, self-organization, and emergence at the edge of chaos in life-origin models" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/53503224/Complexity_self_organization_and_emergence_at_the_edge_of_chaos_in_life_origin_models">Complexity, self-organization, and emergence at the edge of chaos in life-origin models</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">“Complexity,” “self-organization,” and “emergence” are terms used extensively in life-origin lite...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">“Complexity,” “self-organization,” and “emergence” are terms used extensively in life-origin literature. Yet precise and quantitative definitions of these terms are sorely lacking. “Emergence at the edge of chaos” invites vivid imagination of spontaneous creativity. Unfortunately, the phrase lacks scientific substance and explanatory mechanism. We explore the meaning, role, and relationship of complexity at the edge of chaos along with self-organization. We examine their relevance to life-origin processes. The high degree of order and pattern found in “necessity” (the regularities of nature described by the “laws” of physics) greatly reduce the uncertainty and information retaining potential of spontaneously-ordered physical matrices. No as-of-yet undiscovered law, therefore, will be able to explain the high information content of even the simplest prescriptive genome. Maximum complexity corresponds to randomness when defined from a Kolmogorov perspective. Other definitions of compl...</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="53503224"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="53503224"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 53503224; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=53503224]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=53503224]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 53503224; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='53503224']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 53503224, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=53503224]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":53503224,"title":"Complexity, self-organization, and emergence at the edge of chaos in life-origin models","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"“Complexity,” “self-organization,” and “emergence” are terms used extensively in life-origin literature. 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Maximum complexity corresponds to randomness when defined from a Kolmogorov perspective. 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="53503220"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/53503220/The_biosemiosis_of_prescriptive_information"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of The biosemiosis of prescriptive information" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/53503220/The_biosemiosis_of_prescriptive_information">The biosemiosis of prescriptive information</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Semiotica</span><span>, 2000</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Page 1. The biosemiosis of prescriptive information DAVID L. ABEL Abstract Exactly how do the sig...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Page 1. The biosemiosis of prescriptive information DAVID L. ABEL Abstract Exactly how do the sign/symbol/token systems of endo-and exo-biosemiosis di¤er from those of cognitive semiosis? 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There is a discussion of the …","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":2011,"errors":{}}},"translated_abstract":null,"internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/53503217/The_First_Gene_The_Birth_of_Programming_Messaging_and_Formal_Control","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2021-09-27T05:19:17.791-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":1042229,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[],"slug":"The_First_Gene_The_Birth_of_Programming_Messaging_and_Formal_Control","translated_slug":"","page_count":null,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","owner":{"id":1042229,"first_name":"David","middle_initials":"L","last_name":"Abel","page_name":"DavidAbel","domain_name":"lifeorigin","created_at":"2011-12-12T22:49:24.383-08:00","display_name":"David L Abel","url":"https://lifeorigin.academia.edu/DavidAbel"},"attachments":[],"research_interests":[],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="53502882"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/53502882/Chance_and_necessity_do_not_explain_the_origin_of_life"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Chance and necessity do not explain the origin of life" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/53502882/Chance_and_necessity_do_not_explain_the_origin_of_life">Chance and necessity do not explain the origin of life</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Cell biology international</span><span>, 2004</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Where and how did the complex genetic instruction set programmed into DNA come into existence? Th...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Where and how did the complex genetic instruction set programmed into DNA come into existence? The genetic set may have arisen elsewhere and was transported to the Earth. If not, it arose on the Earth, and became the genetic code in a previous lifeless, physical-chemical world. Even if RNA or DNA were inserted into a lifeless world, they would not contain any genetic instructions unless each nucleotide selection in the sequence was programmed for function. Even then, a predetermined communication system would have had to be in place for any message to be understood at the destination. Transcription and translation would not necessarily have been needed in an RNA world. Ribozymes could have accomplished some of the simpler functions of current protein enzymes. Templating of single RNA strands followed by retemplating back to a sense strand could have occurred. But this process does not explain the derivation of &amp;quot;sense&amp;quot; in any strand. &amp;quot;Sense&amp;quot; means algorithmic function achieved through sequences of certain decision-node switch-settings. These particular primary structures determine secondary and tertiary structures. Each sequence determines minimum-free-energy folding propensities, binding site specificity, and function. Minimal metabolism would be needed for cells to be capable of growth and division. All known metabolism is cybernetic--that is, it is programmatically and algorithmically organized and controlled.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="53502882"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="53502882"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 53502882; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=53502882]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=53502882]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 53502882; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='53502882']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 53502882, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=53502882]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":53502882,"title":"Chance and necessity do not explain the origin of life","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"Where and how did the complex genetic instruction set programmed into DNA come into existence? The genetic set may have arisen elsewhere and was transported to the Earth. If not, it arose on the Earth, and became the genetic code in a previous lifeless, physical-chemical world. Even if RNA or DNA were inserted into a lifeless world, they would not contain any genetic instructions unless each nucleotide selection in the sequence was programmed for function. Even then, a predetermined communication system would have had to be in place for any message to be understood at the destination. Transcription and translation would not necessarily have been needed in an RNA world. Ribozymes could have accomplished some of the simpler functions of current protein enzymes. Templating of single RNA strands followed by retemplating back to a sense strand could have occurred. But this process does not explain the derivation of \u0026amp;quot;sense\u0026amp;quot; in any strand. \u0026amp;quot;Sense\u0026amp;quot; means algorithmic function achieved through sequences of certain decision-node switch-settings. These particular primary structures determine secondary and tertiary structures. Each sequence determines minimum-free-energy folding propensities, binding site specificity, and function. Minimal metabolism would be needed for cells to be capable of growth and division. All known metabolism is cybernetic--that is, it is programmatically and algorithmically organized and controlled.","publisher":"Elsevier","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":2004,"errors":{}},"publication_name":"Cell biology international"},"translated_abstract":"Where and how did the complex genetic instruction set programmed into DNA come into existence? The genetic set may have arisen elsewhere and was transported to the Earth. If not, it arose on the Earth, and became the genetic code in a previous lifeless, physical-chemical world. Even if RNA or DNA were inserted into a lifeless world, they would not contain any genetic instructions unless each nucleotide selection in the sequence was programmed for function. Even then, a predetermined communication system would have had to be in place for any message to be understood at the destination. Transcription and translation would not necessarily have been needed in an RNA world. Ribozymes could have accomplished some of the simpler functions of current protein enzymes. Templating of single RNA strands followed by retemplating back to a sense strand could have occurred. But this process does not explain the derivation of \u0026amp;quot;sense\u0026amp;quot; in any strand. \u0026amp;quot;Sense\u0026amp;quot; means algorithmic function achieved through sequences of certain decision-node switch-settings. These particular primary structures determine secondary and tertiary structures. Each sequence determines minimum-free-energy folding propensities, binding site specificity, and function. Minimal metabolism would be needed for cells to be capable of growth and division. All known metabolism is cybernetic--that is, it is programmatically and algorithmically organized and controlled.","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/53502882/Chance_and_necessity_do_not_explain_the_origin_of_life","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2021-09-27T05:15:34.974-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":1042229,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[],"slug":"Chance_and_necessity_do_not_explain_the_origin_of_life","translated_slug":"","page_count":null,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","owner":{"id":1042229,"first_name":"David","middle_initials":"L","last_name":"Abel","page_name":"DavidAbel","domain_name":"lifeorigin","created_at":"2011-12-12T22:49:24.383-08:00","display_name":"David L Abel","url":"https://lifeorigin.academia.edu/DavidAbel"},"attachments":[],"research_interests":[{"id":156,"name":"Genetics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Genetics"},{"id":1410,"name":"Information Theory","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Information_Theory"},{"id":3701,"name":"RNA","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/RNA"},{"id":5001,"name":"Astrobiology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Astrobiology"},{"id":10882,"name":"Evolution","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Evolution"},{"id":13827,"name":"Cell Biology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cell_Biology"},{"id":42555,"name":"Communication System","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Communication_System"},{"id":48057,"name":"DNA","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/DNA"},{"id":64568,"name":"Humans","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Humans"},{"id":99234,"name":"Animals","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Animals"},{"id":137179,"name":"Origin of Life","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Origin_of_Life"},{"id":161099,"name":"Biogenesis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biogenesis"},{"id":161213,"name":"Panspermia","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Panspermia"},{"id":166506,"name":"Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Molecular_Phylogenetics_and_Evolution"},{"id":181569,"name":"Proteins","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Proteins"},{"id":359338,"name":"RNA World","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/RNA_World"},{"id":1225593,"name":"Genetic Code","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Genetic_Code"},{"id":1242506,"name":"Binding Site","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Binding_Site"},{"id":1681026,"name":"Biochemistry and cell biology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biochemistry_and_cell_biology"},{"id":1824596,"name":"Cellular and Mobile Communication","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cellular_and_Mobile_Communication"}],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="52206263"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/52206263/The_universal_plausibility_metric_UPM_and_principle_UPP_"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of The universal plausibility metric (UPM) & principle (UPP)" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/69578909/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/52206263/The_universal_plausibility_metric_UPM_and_principle_UPP_">The universal plausibility metric (UPM) & principle (UPP)</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Theoretical Biology and Medical Modelling</span><span>, 2009</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="e4bf18d12e186b06afb63b42523fe313" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":69578909,"asset_id":52206263,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/69578909/download_file?st=MTczMjQyNzQyMyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="52206263"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="52206263"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 52206263; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=52206263]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=52206263]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 52206263; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='52206263']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 52206263, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); 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A precisely defined universal bound is needed beyond which the assertion of plausibility, particularly in life-origin models, can be considered operationally falsified. But can something so seemingly relative and subjective as plausibility ever be quantified? Amazingly, the answer is, \"Yes.\" A method of objectively measuring the plausibility of any chance hypothesis (The Universal Plausibility Metric [UPM]) is presented. A numerical inequality is also provided whereby any chance hypothesis can be definitively falsified when its UPM metric of ξ is \u003c 1 (The Universal Plausibility Principle [UPP]). Both UPM and UPP pre-exist and are independent of any experimental design and data set. 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="33892044"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/33892044/Examining_specific_life_origin_models_for_plausibility"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Examining specific life-origin models for plausibility" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/54769266/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/33892044/Examining_specific_life_origin_models_for_plausibility">Examining specific life-origin models for plausibility</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="b1b43a1154675ac934239020a572a451" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":54769266,"asset_id":33892044,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/54769266/download_file?st=MTczMjQyNzQyMyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="33892044"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="33892044"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 33892044; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=33892044]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=33892044]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 33892044; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='33892044']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 33892044, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); 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No insight, motive, foresight or impetus exists to integrate physicochemical reactions into a cooperative, organized, pragmatic effort. Inanimate nature cannot pursue the goal of homeostasis; it cannot scheme to locally and temporarily circumvent the 2nd Law. This deadlock affects all naturalistic models involving hypercycles, composomes and chemotons. It precludes all spontaneous geochemical, hydrothermal, eutectic, and photochemical scenarios. It affects the Lipid, Peptide and Zinc World models. It pertains to Co-evolution and all other code-origin models. No plausible hypothetical scenario exists that can convert chance and/or necessity into an organized protometabolic scheme. In this paper the general principles of previous chapters are applied to the best specific models of life origin in the literature. 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