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href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_en.wikipedia.org&uselang=en" class="">Donate</a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=Louvre" title="You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory" class="">Create account</a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=Louvre" title="You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. 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class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Before_the_museum" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Before_the_museum"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.1 Before the museum </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Before_the_museum-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Revolutionary_opening" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Revolutionary_opening"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.2 Revolutionary opening </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Revolutionary_opening-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Napoleonic_era" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Napoleonic_era"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.3 Napoleonic era </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Napoleonic_era-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-From_1815_to_1852" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#From_1815_to_1852"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.4 From 1815 to 1852 </div> </a> <ul id="toc-From_1815_to_1852-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Second_Empire" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Second_Empire"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.5 Second Empire </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Second_Empire-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-From_1870_to_1981" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#From_1870_to_1981"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.6 From 1870 to 1981 </div> </a> <ul id="toc-From_1870_to_1981-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Grand_Louvre" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Grand_Louvre"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.7 Grand Louvre </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Grand_Louvre-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-21st_century" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#21st_century"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.8 21st century </div> </a> <ul id="toc-21st_century-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Collections" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Collections"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3 Collections </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Collections-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Collections subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Collections-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Egyptian_antiquities" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Egyptian_antiquities"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.1 Egyptian antiquities </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Egyptian_antiquities-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Near_Eastern_antiquities" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Near_Eastern_antiquities"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.2 Near Eastern antiquities </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Near_Eastern_antiquities-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Greek,_Etruscan,_and_Roman" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Greek,_Etruscan,_and_Roman"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.3 Greek, Etruscan, and Roman </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Greek,_Etruscan,_and_Roman-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Islamic_art" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Islamic_art"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.4 Islamic art </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Islamic_art-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sculptures" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sculptures"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.5 Sculptures </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sculptures-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Decorative_arts" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Decorative_arts"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.6 Decorative arts </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Decorative_arts-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Painting" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Painting"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.7 Painting </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Painting-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Prints_and_drawings" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Prints_and_drawings"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.8 Prints and drawings </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Prints_and_drawings-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Management,_administration,_partnerships" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Management,_administration,_partnerships"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4 Management, administration, partnerships </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Management,_administration,_partnerships-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Archaeological_research" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Archaeological_research"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5 Archaeological research </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Archaeological_research-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Satellites_and_offshoots" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Satellites_and_offshoots"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6 Satellites and offshoots </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Satellites_and_offshoots-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Satellites and offshoots subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Satellites_and_offshoots-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Musée_de_Cluny_(1926–1977)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Musée_de_Cluny_(1926–1977)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6.1 Musée de Cluny (1926–1977) </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Musée_de_Cluny_(1926–1977)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Musée_du_Jeu_de_Paume_(1947–1986)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Musée_du_Jeu_de_Paume_(1947–1986)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6.2 Musée du Jeu de Paume (1947–1986) </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Musée_du_Jeu_de_Paume_(1947–1986)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Musée_du_Petit_Palais,_Avignon_(since_1976)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Musée_du_Petit_Palais,_Avignon_(since_1976)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6.3 Musée du Petit Palais, Avignon (since 1976) </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Musée_du_Petit_Palais,_Avignon_(since_1976)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Gypsothèque_du_Louvre_(since_2001)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Gypsothèque_du_Louvre_(since_2001)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6.4 Gypsothèque du Louvre (since 2001) </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Gypsothèque_du_Louvre_(since_2001)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Musée_Delacroix_(since_2004)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Musée_Delacroix_(since_2004)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6.5 Musée Delacroix (since 2004) </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Musée_Delacroix_(since_2004)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Louvre-Lens_(since_2012)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Louvre-Lens_(since_2012)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6.6 Louvre-Lens (since 2012) </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Louvre-Lens_(since_2012)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Louvre_Abu_Dhabi_(since_2017)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Louvre_Abu_Dhabi_(since_2017)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6.7 Louvre Abu Dhabi (since 2017) </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Louvre_Abu_Dhabi_(since_2017)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Controversy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Controversy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7 Controversy </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Controversy-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Controversy subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Controversy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Napoleonic_looting" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Napoleonic_looting"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7.1 Napoleonic looting </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Napoleonic_looting-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Nazi_looting" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Nazi_looting"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7.2 Nazi looting </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Nazi_looting-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Construction_of_Louvre_Abu_Dhabi" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Construction_of_Louvre_Abu_Dhabi"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7.3 Construction of Louvre Abu Dhabi </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Construction_of_Louvre_Abu_Dhabi-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8 See also </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 9 References </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-References-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle References subsection </button> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Works_cited" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Works_cited"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 9.1 Works cited </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Works_cited-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 10 External links </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" > Toggle the table of contents </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading">Louvre</h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 149 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-149" aria-hidden="true" > 149 languages </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Louvre" title="Louvre – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Louvre" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target">Afrikaans</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Louvre" title="Louvre – Alemannic" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Louvre" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="Alemannic" class="interlanguage-link-target">Alemannisch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-am mw-list-item"><a href="https://am.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%88%89%E1%89%AD%E1%88%AD_%E1%88%99%E1%8B%9A%E1%8B%A8%E1%88%9D" title="ሉቭር ሙዚየም – Amharic" lang="am" hreflang="am" data-title="ሉቭር ሙዚየም" data-language-autonym="አማርኛ" data-language-local-name="Amharic" class="interlanguage-link-target">አማርኛ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ang mw-list-item"><a href="https://ang.wikipedia.org/wiki/Louvre" title="Louvre – Old English" lang="ang" hreflang="ang" data-title="Louvre" data-language-autonym="Ænglisc" data-language-local-name="Old English" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ænglisc</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%AA%D8%AD%D9%81_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%84%D9%88%D9%81%D8%B1" title="متحف اللوفر – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="متحف اللوفر" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target">العربية</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Museu_d%27o_Louvre" title="Museu d'o Louvre – Aragonese" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Museu d'o Louvre" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="Aragonese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Aragonés</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arc mw-list-item"><a href="https://arc.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DC%92%DC%9D%DC%AC_%DC%A5%DC%AC%DC%A9%DC%90_%DC%95%DC%A0%DC%98%DC%92%DC%AA" title="ܒܝܬ ܥܬܩܐ ܕܠܘܒܪ – Aramaic" lang="arc" hreflang="arc" data-title="ܒܝܬ ܥܬܩܐ ܕܠܘܒܪ" data-language-autonym="ܐܪܡܝܐ" data-language-local-name="Aramaic" class="interlanguage-link-target">ܐܪܡܝܐ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hyw mw-list-item"><a href="https://hyw.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%BC%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%BE%D6%80" title="Լուվր – Western Armenian" lang="hyw" hreflang="hyw" data-title="Լուվր" data-language-autonym="Արեւմտահայերէն" data-language-local-name="Western Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Արեւմտահայերէն</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frp mw-list-item"><a href="https://frp.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mus%C3%AA_du_Louvro" title="Musê du Louvro – Arpitan" lang="frp" hreflang="frp" data-title="Musê du Louvro" data-language-autonym="Arpetan" data-language-local-name="Arpitan" class="interlanguage-link-target">Arpetan</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mus%C3%A9u_del_Louvre" title="Muséu del Louvre – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Muséu del Louvre" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Asturianu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Luvr_muzeyi" title="Luvr muzeyi – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Luvr muzeyi" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target">Azərbaycanca</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%84%D9%88%D9%88%D8%B1_%D9%85%D9%88%D8%B2%D9%87%E2%80%8C%D8%B3%DB%8C" title="لوور موزه‌سی – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="لوور موزه‌سی" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target">تۆرکجه</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ban mw-list-item"><a href="https://ban.wikipedia.org/wiki/Museum_Louvre" title="Museum Louvre – Balinese" lang="ban" hreflang="ban" data-title="Museum Louvre" data-language-autonym="Basa Bali" data-language-local-name="Balinese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Basa Bali</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%B2%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%AD%E0%A7%8D%E2%80%8C%E0%A6%B0_%E0%A6%9C%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A6%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%98%E0%A6%B0" title="লুভ্‌র জাদুঘর – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="লুভ্‌র জাদুঘর" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target">বাংলা</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Louvre" title="Louvre – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Louvre" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target">閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D1%83%D0%B2%D1%80" title="Лувр – Bashkir" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Лувр" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="Bashkir" class="interlanguage-link-target">Башҡортса</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D1%83%D1%9E%D1%80_(%D0%BC%D1%83%D0%B7%D0%B5%D0%B9)" title="Луўр (музей) – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Луўр (музей)" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Беларуская</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D1%8E%D1%9E%D1%80" title="Люўр – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Люўр" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target">Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Louvre" title="Louvre – Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="Louvre" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Central Bikol" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bikol Central</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D1%83%D0%B2%D1%8A%D1%80" title="Лувър – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Лувър" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Български</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bo mw-list-item"><a href="https://bo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BD%A3%E0%BD%B4%E0%BD%A0%E0%BD%B4%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%96%E0%BD%B4%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%9D%E0%BD%B2%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%95%E0%BD%BC%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%96%E0%BE%B2%E0%BD%84%E0%BC%8B%E0%BC%8D" title="ལུའུ་བུ་ཝི་ཕོ་བྲང་། – Tibetan" lang="bo" hreflang="bo" data-title="ལུའུ་བུ་ཝི་ཕོ་བྲང་།" data-language-autonym="བོད་ཡིག" data-language-local-name="Tibetan" class="interlanguage-link-target">བོད་ཡིག</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Louvre" title="Louvre – Bosnian" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Louvre" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bosanski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mirdi_al_Louvre" title="Mirdi al Louvre – Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Mirdi al Louvre" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Breton" class="interlanguage-link-target">Brezhoneg</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bxr mw-list-item"><a href="https://bxr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D1%83%D0%B2%D1%80" title="Лувр – Russia Buriat" lang="bxr" hreflang="bxr" data-title="Лувр" data-language-autonym="Буряад" data-language-local-name="Russia Buriat" class="interlanguage-link-target">Буряад</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Museu_del_Louvre" title="Museu del Louvre – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Museu del Louvre" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target">Català</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D1%83%D0%B2%D1%80" title="Лувр – Chuvash" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Лувр" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="Chuvash" class="interlanguage-link-target">Чӑвашла</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Louvre" title="Louvre – Cebuano" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Louvre" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="Cebuano" class="interlanguage-link-target">Cebuano</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Louvre" title="Louvre – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Louvre" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target">Čeština</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amgueddfa%27r_Louvre" title="Amgueddfa'r Louvre – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Amgueddfa'r Louvre" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target">Cymraeg</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Louvre" title="Louvre – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Louvre" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Dansk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ary mw-list-item"><a href="https://ary.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%AA%D8%AD%D9%81_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%84%D9%88%DA%A4%D8%B1" title="متحف اللوڤر – Moroccan Arabic" lang="ary" hreflang="ary" data-title="متحف اللوڤر" data-language-autonym="الدارجة" data-language-local-name="Moroccan Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target">الدارجة</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-se mw-list-item"><a href="https://se.wikipedia.org/wiki/Louvre" title="Louvre – Northern Sami" lang="se" hreflang="se" data-title="Louvre" data-language-autonym="Davvisámegiella" data-language-local-name="Northern Sami" class="interlanguage-link-target">Davvisámegiella</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Louvre" title="Louvre – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Louvre" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target">Deutsch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Louvre" title="Louvre – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Louvre" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Eesti</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%9C%CE%BF%CF%85%CF%83%CE%B5%CE%AF%CE%BF_%CF%84%CE%BF%CF%85_%CE%9B%CE%BF%CF%8D%CE%B2%CF%81%CE%BF%CF%85" title="Μουσείο του Λούβρου – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Μουσείο του Λούβρου" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ελληνικά</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-myv mw-list-item"><a href="https://myv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D1%83%D0%B2%D1%80" title="Лувр – Erzya" lang="myv" hreflang="myv" data-title="Лувр" data-language-autonym="Эрзянь" data-language-local-name="Erzya" class="interlanguage-link-target">Эрзянь</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Museo_del_Louvre" title="Museo del Louvre – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Museo del Louvre" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Español</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Luvro" title="Luvro – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Luvro" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target">Esperanto</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Louvre_museoa" title="Louvre museoa – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Louvre museoa" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target">Euskara</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%84%D9%88%D9%88%D8%B1" title="لوور – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="لوور" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target">فارسی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mus%C3%A9e_du_Louvre" title="Musée du Louvre – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Musée du Louvre" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target">Français</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Louvre" title="Louvre – Western Frisian" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Louvre" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="Western Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Frysk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fur mw-list-item"><a href="https://fur.wikipedia.org/wiki/Louvre" title="Louvre – Friulian" lang="fur" hreflang="fur" data-title="Louvre" data-language-autonym="Furlan" data-language-local-name="Friulian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Furlan</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mus%C3%A9e_du_Louvre" title="Musée du Louvre – Irish" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Musée du Louvre" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Irish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Gaeilge</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mus%C3%A9e_du_Louvre" title="Musée du Louvre – Scottish Gaelic" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="Musée du Louvre" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="Scottish Gaelic" class="interlanguage-link-target">Gàidhlig</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Museo_do_Louvre" title="Museo do Louvre – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Museo do Louvre" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target">Galego</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-glk mw-list-item"><a href="https://glk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%84%DB%8A%D9%88%D8%B1%CB%87_%D9%85%DB%8A%D8%B2%D9%87" title="لۊورˇ مۊزه – Gilaki" lang="glk" hreflang="glk" data-title="لۊورˇ مۊزه" data-language-autonym="گیلکی" data-language-local-name="Gilaki" class="interlanguage-link-target">گیلکی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%A3%A8%EB%B8%8C%EB%A5%B4_%EB%B0%95%EB%AC%BC%EA%B4%80" title="루브르 박물관 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="루브르 박물관" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target">한국어</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-haw mw-list-item"><a href="https://haw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Louvre" title="Louvre – Hawaiian" lang="haw" hreflang="haw" data-title="Louvre" data-language-autonym="Hawaiʻi" data-language-local-name="Hawaiian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Hawaiʻi</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%BC%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%BE%D6%80" title="Լուվր – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Լուվր" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Հայերեն</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%82%E0%A4%B5%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0_%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%97%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%AF" title="लूव्र संग्रहालय – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="लूव्र संग्रहालय" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target">हिन्दी</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Louvre" title="Louvre – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Louvre" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Hrvatski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Louvre" title="Louvre – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Louvre" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ido</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ilo mw-list-item"><a href="https://ilo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Louvre" title="Louvre – Iloko" lang="ilo" hreflang="ilo" data-title="Louvre" data-language-autonym="Ilokano" data-language-local-name="Iloko" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ilokano</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Museum_Louvre" title="Museum Louvre – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Museum Louvre" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bahasa Indonesia</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Louvre" title="Louvre – Interlingua" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Louvre" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="Interlingua" class="interlanguage-link-target">Interlingua</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ie mw-list-item"><a href="https://ie.wikipedia.org/wiki/Louvre" title="Louvre – Interlingue" lang="ie" hreflang="ie" data-title="Louvre" data-language-autonym="Interlingue" data-language-local-name="Interlingue" class="interlanguage-link-target">Interlingue</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-os mw-list-item"><a href="https://os.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D1%83%D0%B2%D1%80" title="Лувр – Ossetic" lang="os" hreflang="os" data-title="Лувр" data-language-autonym="Ирон" data-language-local-name="Ossetic" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ирон</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Louvre" title="Louvre – Icelandic" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Louvre" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Icelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target">Íslenska</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Museo_del_Louvre" title="Museo del Louvre – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Museo del Louvre" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Italiano</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%9E%D7%95%D7%96%D7%99%D7%90%D7%95%D7%9F_%D7%94%D7%9C%D7%95%D7%91%D7%A8" title="מוזיאון הלובר – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="מוזיאון הלובר" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target">עברית</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Musiyum_Louvre" title="Musiyum Louvre – Javanese" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Musiyum Louvre" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="Javanese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Jawa</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%B2%E0%B3%82%E0%B2%B5%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%B0%E0%B3%8D" title="ಲೂವ್ರ್ – Kannada" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಲೂವ್ರ್" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="Kannada" class="interlanguage-link-target">ಕನ್ನಡ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%9A%E1%83%A3%E1%83%95%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98" title="ლუვრი – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ლუვრი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target">ქართული</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D1%83%D0%B2%D1%80" title="Лувр – Kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Лувр" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target">Қазақша</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kw mw-list-item"><a href="https://kw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Louvre" title="Louvre – Cornish" lang="kw" hreflang="kw" data-title="Louvre" data-language-autonym="Kernowek" data-language-local-name="Cornish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kernowek</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Louvre" title="Louvre – Swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Louvre" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="Swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kiswahili</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kv mw-list-item"><a href="https://kv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D1%83%D0%B2%D1%80" title="Лувр – Komi" lang="kv" hreflang="kv" data-title="Лувр" data-language-autonym="Коми" data-language-local-name="Komi" class="interlanguage-link-target">Коми</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muzeya_Louvre" title="Muzeya Louvre – Kurdish" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Muzeya Louvre" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kurdî</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D1%83%D0%B2%D1%80" title="Лувр – Kyrgyz" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Лувр" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="Kyrgyz" class="interlanguage-link-target">Кыргызча</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Museum_Luparense" title="Museum Luparense – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Museum Luparense" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target">Latina</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Luvra" title="Luvra – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Luvra" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Latviešu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mus%C3%A9e_du_Louvre" title="Musée du Louvre – Luxembourgish" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Musée du Louvre" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="Luxembourgish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Lëtzebuergesch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="featured article badge"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Luvras" title="Luvras – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Luvras" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Lietuvių</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lij mw-list-item"><a href="https://lij.wikipedia.org/wiki/Louvre" title="Louvre – Ligurian" lang="lij" hreflang="lij" data-title="Louvre" data-language-autonym="Ligure" data-language-local-name="Ligurian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ligure</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lfn mw-list-item"><a href="https://lfn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Museo_Louvre" title="Museo Louvre – Lingua Franca Nova" lang="lfn" hreflang="lfn" data-title="Museo Louvre" data-language-autonym="Lingua Franca Nova" data-language-local-name="Lingua Franca Nova" class="interlanguage-link-target">Lingua Franca Nova</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jbo mw-list-item"><a href="https://jbo.wikipedia.org/wiki/luvr" title="luvr – Lojban" lang="jbo" hreflang="jbo" data-title="luvr" data-language-autonym="La .lojban." data-language-local-name="Lojban" class="interlanguage-link-target">La .lojban.</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Musee_del_Louvre" title="Musee del Louvre – Lombard" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Musee del Louvre" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="Lombard" class="interlanguage-link-target">Lombard</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Louvre" title="Louvre – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Louvre" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Magyar</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D1%83%D0%B2%D1%80" title="Лувр – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Лувр" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Македонски</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%B2%E0%B5%82%E0%B4%B5%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B5%87" title="ലൂവ്രേ – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="ലൂവ്രേ" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target">മലയാളം</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%82%E0%A4%B5%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0_%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%97%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%AF" title="लूव्र संग्रहालय – Marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="लूव्र संग्रहालय" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target">मराठी</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%9A%E1%83%A3%E1%83%95%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98" title="ლუვრი – Mingrelian" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="ლუვრი" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="Mingrelian" class="interlanguage-link-target">მარგალური</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%AA%D8%AD%D9%81_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%84%D9%88%D9%81%D8%B1" title="متحف اللوفر – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="متحف اللوفر" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target">مصرى</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%84%D9%88%D9%88%D8%B1_%D9%85%D9%88%D8%B2%D9%87" title="لوور موزه – Mazanderani" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="لوور موزه" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="Mazanderani" class="interlanguage-link-target">مازِرونی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muzium_Louvre" title="Muzium Louvre – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Muzium Louvre" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bahasa Melayu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D1%83%D0%B2%D1%80" title="Лувр – Mongolian" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Лувр" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="Mongolian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Монгол</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%9C%E1%80%B0%E1%80%97%E1%80%AC%E1%80%95%E1%80%BC%E1%80%90%E1%80%AD%E1%80%AF%E1%80%80%E1%80%BA" title="လူဗာပြတိုက် – Burmese" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="လူဗာပြတိုက်" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="Burmese" class="interlanguage-link-target">မြန်မာဘာသာ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Louvre" title="Louvre – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Louvre" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target">Nederlands</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%AD%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0" title="लुभ्र – Nepali" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="लुभ्र" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="Nepali" class="interlanguage-link-target">नेपाली</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="good article badge"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%AB%E3%83%BC%E3%83%B4%E3%83%AB%E7%BE%8E%E8%A1%93%E9%A4%A8" title="ルーヴル美術館 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ルーヴル美術館" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target">日本語</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nap mw-list-item"><a href="https://nap.wikipedia.org/wiki/Louvre" title="Louvre – Neapolitan" lang="nap" hreflang="nap" data-title="Louvre" data-language-autonym="Napulitano" data-language-local-name="Neapolitan" class="interlanguage-link-target">Napulitano</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ce mw-list-item"><a href="https://ce.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D1%83%D0%B2%D0%B3%D3%80" title="ЛувгӀ – Chechen" lang="ce" hreflang="ce" data-title="ЛувгӀ" data-language-autonym="Нохчийн" data-language-local-name="Chechen" class="interlanguage-link-target">Нохчийн</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Louvre" title="Louvre – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Louvre" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target">Norsk bokmål</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Louvre" title="Louvre – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Louvre" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target">Norsk nynorsk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nov mw-list-item"><a href="https://nov.wikipedia.org/wiki/Louvre" title="Louvre – Novial" lang="nov" hreflang="nov" data-title="Louvre" data-language-autonym="Novial" data-language-local-name="Novial" class="interlanguage-link-target">Novial</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lovre" title="Lovre – Occitan" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Lovre" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Occitan" class="interlanguage-link-target">Occitan</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Louvre" title="Louvre – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Louvre" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target">Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%B2%E0%A9%82%E0%A8%B5%E0%A8%B0_%E0%A8%85%E0%A8%9C%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%87%E0%A8%AC%E0%A8%98%E0%A8%B0" title="ਲੂਵਰ ਅਜਾਇਬਘਰ – Punjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਲੂਵਰ ਅਜਾਇਬਘਰ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target">ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%84%D9%88%D9%88%D8%B1" title="لوور – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="لوور" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target">پنجابی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%84%D9%88%D9%88%D8%B1" title="لوور – Pashto" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="لوور" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="Pashto" class="interlanguage-link-target">پښتو</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pms mw-list-item"><a href="https://pms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mus%C3%A9_d%C3%ABl_Louvre" title="Musé dël Louvre – Piedmontese" lang="pms" hreflang="pms" data-title="Musé dël Louvre" data-language-autonym="Piemontèis" data-language-local-name="Piedmontese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Piemontèis</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pwn mw-list-item"><a href="https://pwn.wikipedia.org/wiki/louvre_a_umaq" title="louvre a umaq – Paiwan" lang="pwn" hreflang="pwn" data-title="louvre a umaq" data-language-autonym="Pinayuanan" data-language-local-name="Paiwan" class="interlanguage-link-target">Pinayuanan</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Louvre" title="Louvre – Low German" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Louvre" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="Low German" class="interlanguage-link-target">Plattdüütsch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Luwr" title="Luwr – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Luwr" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Polski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="good article badge"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Museu_do_Louvre" title="Museu do Louvre – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Museu do Louvre" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Português</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kaa mw-list-item"><a href="https://kaa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Luvr_muzeyi" title="Luvr muzeyi – Kara-Kalpak" lang="kaa" hreflang="kaa" data-title="Luvr muzeyi" data-language-autonym="Qaraqalpaqsha" data-language-local-name="Kara-Kalpak" class="interlanguage-link-target">Qaraqalpaqsha</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ty mw-list-item"><a href="https://ty.wikipedia.org/wiki/Louvre" title="Louvre – Tahitian" lang="ty" hreflang="ty" data-title="Louvre" data-language-autonym="Reo tahiti" data-language-local-name="Tahitian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Reo tahiti</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ksh mw-list-item"><a href="https://ksh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Louvre" title="Louvre – Colognian" lang="ksh" hreflang="ksh" data-title="Louvre" data-language-autonym="Ripoarisch" data-language-local-name="Colognian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ripoarisch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muzeul_Luvru" title="Muzeul Luvru – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Muzeul Luvru" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Română</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Louvre" title="Louvre – Quechua" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Louvre" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="Quechua" class="interlanguage-link-target">Runa Simi</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rue mw-list-item"><a href="https://rue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D1%83%D0%B2%D1%80" title="Лувр – Rusyn" lang="rue" hreflang="rue" data-title="Лувр" data-language-autonym="Русиньскый" data-language-local-name="Rusyn" class="interlanguage-link-target">Русиньскый</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D1%83%D0%B2%D1%80" title="Лувр – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Лувр" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Русский</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sc mw-list-item"><a href="https://sc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Louvre" title="Louvre – Sardinian" lang="sc" hreflang="sc" data-title="Louvre" data-language-autonym="Sardu" data-language-local-name="Sardinian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Sardu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Louvre" title="Louvre – Scots" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Louvre" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="Scots" class="interlanguage-link-target">Scots</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muzeu_i_Luvrit" title="Muzeu i Luvrit – Albanian" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Muzeu i Luvrit" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albanian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Shqip</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Louvre" title="Louvre – Sicilian" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Louvre" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="Sicilian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Sicilianu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B6%BD%E0%B7%96%E0%B6%BB%E0%B7%8A_%E0%B6%9A%E0%B7%9E%E0%B6%AD%E0%B7%94%E0%B6%9A%E0%B7%8F%E0%B6%9C%E0%B7%8F%E0%B6%BB%E0%B6%BA" title="ලූර් කෞතුකාගාරය – Sinhala" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="ලූර් කෞතුකාගාරය" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="Sinhala" class="interlanguage-link-target">සිංහල</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Louvre" title="Louvre – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Louvre" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target">Simple English</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mus%C3%A9e_du_Louvre" title="Musée du Louvre – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Musée du Louvre" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target">Slovenčina</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Louvre" title="Louvre – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Louvre" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Slovenščina</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-szl mw-list-item"><a href="https://szl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Luwr" title="Luwr – Silesian" lang="szl" hreflang="szl" data-title="Luwr" data-language-autonym="Ślůnski" data-language-local-name="Silesian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ślůnski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-so mw-list-item"><a href="https://so.wikipedia.org/wiki/Louvre" title="Louvre – Somali" lang="so" hreflang="so" data-title="Louvre" data-language-autonym="Soomaaliga" data-language-local-name="Somali" class="interlanguage-link-target">Soomaaliga</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%84%D9%88%D9%88%DA%A4%D8%B1" title="لووڤر – Central Kurdish" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="لووڤر" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Central Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target">کوردی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D1%83%D0%B2%D1%80" title="Лувр – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Лувр" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Српски / srpski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Louvre" title="Louvre – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Louvre" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Louvre" title="Louvre – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Louvre" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Suomi</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Louvren" title="Louvren – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Louvren" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Svenska</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Museo_ng_Louvre" title="Museo ng Louvre – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Museo ng Louvre" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target">Tagalog</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%87%E0%AE%B2%E0%AF%82%E0%AE%B5%E0%AE%BE_%E0%AE%85%E0%AE%B0%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%99%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%9F%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%9A%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%AF%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%8D" title="இலூவா அருங்காட்சியகம் – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="இலூவா அருங்காட்சியகம்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target">தமிழ்</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-shi mw-list-item"><a href="https://shi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tasnni%C9%A3t_n_Lufr" title="Tasnniɣt n Lufr – Tachelhit" lang="shi" hreflang="shi" data-title="Tasnniɣt n Lufr" data-language-autonym="Taclḥit" data-language-local-name="Tachelhit" class="interlanguage-link-target">Taclḥit</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-roa-tara mw-list-item"><a href="https://roa-tara.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mus%C3%A8e_d%27u_Louvre" title="Musèe d'u Louvre – Tarantino" lang="nap-x-tara" hreflang="nap-x-tara" data-title="Musèe d'u Louvre" data-language-autonym="Tarandíne" data-language-local-name="Tarantino" class="interlanguage-link-target">Tarandíne</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D1%83%D0%B2%D1%80_%D0%BC%D1%83%D0%B7%D0%B5%D0%B5" title="Лувр музее – Tatar" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Лувр музее" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="Tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target">Татарча / tatarça</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8C%E0%B0%B5%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B0%E0%B1%87_%E0%B0%AE%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%AF%E0%B1%82%E0%B0%9C%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%82" title="లౌవ్రే మ్యూజియం – Telugu" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="లౌవ్రే మ్యూజియం" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="Telugu" class="interlanguage-link-target">తెలుగు</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tet mw-list-item"><a href="https://tet.wikipedia.org/wiki/Louvre" title="Louvre – Tetum" lang="tet" hreflang="tet" data-title="Louvre" data-language-autonym="Tetun" data-language-local-name="Tetum" class="interlanguage-link-target">Tetun</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%98%E0%B8%A0%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%93%E0%B8%91%E0%B9%8C%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B9%E0%B8%9F%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%8C" title="พิพิธภัณฑ์ลูฟวร์ – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="พิพิธภัณฑ์ลูฟวร์" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target">ไทย</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Louvre_M%C3%BCzesi" title="Louvre Müzesi – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Louvre Müzesi" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Türkçe</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tk mw-list-item"><a href="https://tk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Luwr_muze%C3%BDi" title="Luwr muzeýi – Turkmen" lang="tk" hreflang="tk" data-title="Luwr muzeýi" data-language-autonym="Türkmençe" data-language-local-name="Turkmen" class="interlanguage-link-target">Türkmençe</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D1%83%D0%B2%D1%80" title="Лувр – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Лувр" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Українська</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%84%D9%88%D9%88%D8%BA" title="لووغ – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="لووغ" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target">اردو</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="featured article badge"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vi%E1%BB%87n_b%E1%BA%A3o_t%C3%A0ng_Louvre" title="Viện bảo tàng Louvre – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Viện bảo tàng Louvre" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Tiếng Việt</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wa mw-list-item"><a href="https://wa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Louvre" title="Louvre – Walloon" lang="wa" hreflang="wa" data-title="Louvre" data-language-autonym="Walon" data-language-local-name="Walloon" class="interlanguage-link-target">Walon</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vls mw-list-item"><a href="https://vls.wikipedia.org/wiki/Louvre" title="Louvre – West Flemish" lang="vls" hreflang="vls" data-title="Louvre" data-language-autonym="West-Vlams" data-language-local-name="West Flemish" class="interlanguage-link-target">West-Vlams</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Louvre" title="Louvre – Waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Louvre" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Waray" class="interlanguage-link-target">Winaray</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wo mw-list-item"><a href="https://wo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Louvre" title="Louvre – Wolof" lang="wo" hreflang="wo" data-title="Louvre" data-language-autonym="Wolof" data-language-local-name="Wolof" class="interlanguage-link-target">Wolof</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%BE%85%E6%B5%AE%E5%AE%AE%E5%8D%9A%E7%89%A9%E9%A4%A8" title="羅浮宮博物館 – Cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="羅浮宮博物館" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Cantonese" class="interlanguage-link-target">粵語</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a 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Tamazight" class="interlanguage-link-target">ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵡⴰⵢⵜ</a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q19675#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Louvre" title="View the content page [c]" accesskey="c">Article</a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Talk:Louvre" rel="discussion" title="Discuss improvements to the content page [t]" accesskey="t">Talk</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div 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href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Louvre&params=48_51_40_N_2_20_9_E_">48°51′40″N 2°20′9″E / 48.86111°N 2.33583°E / 48.86111; 2.33583</a></div></div> <div id="mw-indicator-good-star" class="mw-indicator"><div class="mw-parser-output"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Good_articles*" title="This is a good article. Click here for more information."><img alt="This is a good article. Click here for more information." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/94/Symbol_support_vote.svg/19px-Symbol_support_vote.svg.png" decoding="async" width="19" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/94/Symbol_support_vote.svg/29px-Symbol_support_vote.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/94/Symbol_support_vote.svg/39px-Symbol_support_vote.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></a></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle">(Redirected from <a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Louvre&redirect=no" class="mw-redirect" title="The Louvre">The Louvre</a>)</div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Art museum in Paris, France</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">This article is about the museum. For the building, see <a href="/wiki/Louvre_Palace" title="Louvre Palace">Louvre Palace</a>. For other uses, see <a href="/wiki/Louvre_(disambiguation)" class="mw-disambig" title="Louvre (disambiguation)">Louvre (disambiguation)</a>.</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard"><caption class="infobox-title fn org">Musée de Louvre</caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><a href="/wiki/File:Louvre_Museum_Wikimedia_Commons.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Louvre_Museum_Wikimedia_Commons.jpg/270px-Louvre_Museum_Wikimedia_Commons.jpg" decoding="async" width="270" height="113" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Louvre_Museum_Wikimedia_Commons.jpg/405px-Louvre_Museum_Wikimedia_Commons.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Louvre_Museum_Wikimedia_Commons.jpg/540px-Louvre_Museum_Wikimedia_Commons.jpg 2x" data-file-width="6740" data-file-height="2832" /></a><div class="infobox-caption">The Louvre Museum</div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><a class="mw-kartographer-map notheme mw-kartographer-container center" style="width: 250px; height: 200px;" data-mw-kartographer="mapframe" data-style="osm-intl" data-width="250" data-height="200" data-zoom="15" data-overlays="["_e3e723bebc7f54bce88f187efff1cca159b1b025"]"><img src="https://maps.wikimedia.org/img/osm-intl,15,a,a,250x200.png?lang=en&domain=en.wikipedia.org&title=Louvre&revid=1255970897&groups=_e3e723bebc7f54bce88f187efff1cca159b1b025" width="250" height="200" decoding="async" srcset="https://maps.wikimedia.org/img/osm-intl,15,a,a,250x200@2x.png?lang=en&domain=en.wikipedia.org&title=Louvre&revid=1255970897&groups=_e3e723bebc7f54bce88f187efff1cca159b1b025 2x" alt="Map" /></a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Established</th><td class="infobox-data">10 August 1793; 231 years ago (1793-08-10)</td></tr><tr class="adr"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Location</th><td class="infobox-data locality">Musée du Louvre, 75001, <a href="/wiki/Paris" title="Paris">Paris</a>, France</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Type</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Art_museum" title="Art museum">Art museum</a> and <a href="/wiki/Historic_site" title="Historic site">historic site</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Collection size</th><td class="infobox-data">615,797 in 2019<a href="#cite_note-rapport2019-1">[1]</a> (35,000 on display)<a href="#cite_note-CollectionSize-2">[2]</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Visitors</th><td class="infobox-data">8.9 million (2023)<a href="#cite_note-3">[3]</a> <ul><li>Ranked 1st nationally</li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_most-visited_art_museums" title="List of most-visited art museums">Ranked 1st globally</a></li></ul> </td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Director</th><td class="infobox-data agent"><a href="/wiki/Laurence_des_Cars" title="Laurence des Cars">Laurence des Cars</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Curator</th><td class="infobox-data agent">Marie-Laure de Rochebrune</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Public transit access</th><td class="infobox-data"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Palais_Royal%E2%80%93Mus%C3%A9e_du_Louvre_(Paris_M%C3%A9tro)" class="mw-redirect" title="Palais Royal–Musée du Louvre (Paris Métro)">Palais Royal–Musée du Louvre</a> <a href="/wiki/Paris_M%C3%A9tro" title="Paris Métro"><img alt="Paris Métro" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Paris_transit_icons_-_M%C3%A9tro.svg/15px-Paris_transit_icons_-_M%C3%A9tro.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Paris_transit_icons_-_M%C3%A9tro.svg/23px-Paris_transit_icons_-_M%C3%A9tro.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Paris_transit_icons_-_M%C3%A9tro.svg/30px-Paris_transit_icons_-_M%C3%A9tro.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="250" data-file-height="250" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Paris_M%C3%A9tro_Line_1" title="Paris Métro Line 1"><img alt="Paris Métro Line 1" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/Paris_transit_icons_-_M%C3%A9tro_1.svg/15px-Paris_transit_icons_-_M%C3%A9tro_1.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/Paris_transit_icons_-_M%C3%A9tro_1.svg/23px-Paris_transit_icons_-_M%C3%A9tro_1.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/Paris_transit_icons_-_M%C3%A9tro_1.svg/30px-Paris_transit_icons_-_M%C3%A9tro_1.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="250" data-file-height="250" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Paris_M%C3%A9tro_Line_7" title="Paris Métro Line 7"><img alt="Paris Métro Line 7" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Paris_transit_icons_-_M%C3%A9tro_7.svg/15px-Paris_transit_icons_-_M%C3%A9tro_7.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Paris_transit_icons_-_M%C3%A9tro_7.svg/23px-Paris_transit_icons_-_M%C3%A9tro_7.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Paris_transit_icons_-_M%C3%A9tro_7.svg/30px-Paris_transit_icons_-_M%C3%A9tro_7.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="250" data-file-height="250" /></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louvre%E2%80%93Rivoli_(Paris_M%C3%A9tro)" class="mw-redirect" title="Louvre–Rivoli (Paris Métro)">Louvre–Rivoli</a> <a href="/wiki/Paris_M%C3%A9tro" title="Paris Métro"><img alt="Paris Métro" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Paris_transit_icons_-_M%C3%A9tro.svg/15px-Paris_transit_icons_-_M%C3%A9tro.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Paris_transit_icons_-_M%C3%A9tro.svg/23px-Paris_transit_icons_-_M%C3%A9tro.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Paris_transit_icons_-_M%C3%A9tro.svg/30px-Paris_transit_icons_-_M%C3%A9tro.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="250" data-file-height="250" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Paris_M%C3%A9tro_Line_1" title="Paris Métro Line 1"><img alt="Paris Métro Line 1" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/Paris_transit_icons_-_M%C3%A9tro_1.svg/15px-Paris_transit_icons_-_M%C3%A9tro_1.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/Paris_transit_icons_-_M%C3%A9tro_1.svg/23px-Paris_transit_icons_-_M%C3%A9tro_1.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/Paris_transit_icons_-_M%C3%A9tro_1.svg/30px-Paris_transit_icons_-_M%C3%A9tro_1.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="250" data-file-height="250" /></a></li></ul> </td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Website</th><td class="infobox-data"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.louvre.fr/en">louvre.fr</a></td></tr></tbody></table> The Louvre (<style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1177148991">.mw-parser-output .IPA-label-small{font-size:85%}.mw-parser-output .references .IPA-label-small,.mw-parser-output .infobox .IPA-label-small,.mw-parser-output .navbox .IPA-label-small{font-size:100%}</style>English: <a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/English" title="Help:IPA/English">/ˈluːv(rə)/</a> <a href="/wiki/Help:Pronunciation_respelling_key" title="Help:Pronunciation respelling key">LOOV(-rə)</a>),<a href="#cite_note-4">[4]</a> or the Louvre Museum (French: Musée du Louvre <a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/French" title="Help:IPA/French">[myze dy luvʁ]</a> <span data-nosnippet="" id="ooui-php-1" class="ext-phonos-PhonosButton noexcerpt ext-phonos-PhonosButton-emptylabel oo-ui-widget oo-ui-widget-enabled oo-ui-buttonElement oo-ui-buttonElement-frameless oo-ui-iconElement oo-ui-buttonWidget" data-ooui="{"_":"mw.Phonos.PhonosButton","href":"\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/transcoded\/3\/3f\/Fr-Mus%C3%A9e_du_Louvre.oga\/Fr-Mus%C3%A9e_du_Louvre.oga.mp3","rel":["nofollow"],"framed":false,"icon":"volumeUp","data":{"ipa":"","text":"","lang":"en","wikibase":"","file":"Fr-Mus\u00e9e du Louvre.oga"},"classes":["ext-phonos-PhonosButton","noexcerpt","ext-phonos-PhonosButton-emptylabel"]}"><a role="button" tabindex="0" href="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/3f/Fr-Mus%C3%A9e_du_Louvre.oga/Fr-Mus%C3%A9e_du_Louvre.oga.mp3" rel="nofollow" aria-label="Play audio" title="Play audio" class="oo-ui-buttonElement-button"></a><a href="/wiki/File:Fr-Mus%C3%A9e_du_Louvre.oga" title="File:Fr-Musée du Louvre.oga">ⓘ</a>), is a national <a href="/wiki/Art_museum" title="Art museum">art museum</a> in <a href="/wiki/Paris" title="Paris">Paris</a>, France, and one of the most famous museums in the world. It is located on the <a href="/wiki/Rive_Droite" title="Rive Droite">Right Bank</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Seine" title="Seine">Seine</a> in the city's <a href="/wiki/1st_arrondissement_of_Paris" title="1st arrondissement of Paris">1st arrondissement</a> (district or ward) and home to some of the most <a href="/wiki/Western_canon" title="Western canon">canonical</a> works of <a href="/wiki/Art_of_Europe" title="Art of Europe">Western art</a>, including the <a href="/wiki/Mona_Lisa" title="Mona Lisa">Mona Lisa</a>, <a href="/wiki/Venus_de_Milo" title="Venus de Milo">Venus de Milo</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Winged_Victory" class="mw-redirect" title="Winged Victory">Winged Victory</a>. The museum is housed in the <a href="/wiki/Louvre_Palace" title="Louvre Palace">Louvre Palace</a>, originally built in the late 12th to 13th century under <a href="/wiki/Philip_II_of_France" title="Philip II of France">Philip II</a>. Remnants of the <a href="/wiki/Medieval_Louvre" class="mw-redirect" title="Medieval Louvre">Medieval Louvre</a> fortress are visible in the basement of the museum. Due to urban expansion, the fortress eventually lost its defensive function, and in 1546 <a href="/wiki/Francis_I_of_France" title="Francis I of France">Francis I</a> converted it into the primary residence of the <a href="/wiki/French_kings" class="mw-redirect" title="French kings">French kings</a>.<a href="#cite_note-5">[5]</a> The building was redesigned and extended many times to form the present Louvre Palace. In 1682, <a href="/wiki/Louis_XIV" title="Louis XIV">Louis XIV</a> chose the <a href="/wiki/Palace_of_Versailles" title="Palace of Versailles">Palace of Versailles</a> for his household, leaving the Louvre primarily as a place to display the royal collection, including, from 1692, a collection of ancient Greek and Roman sculpture.<a href="#cite_note-6">[6]</a> In 1692, the building was occupied by the <a href="/wiki/Acad%C3%A9mie_des_Inscriptions_et_Belles-Lettres" title="Académie des Inscriptions et Belles-Lettres">Académie des Inscriptions et Belles-Lettres</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Acad%C3%A9mie_Royale_de_Peinture_et_de_Sculpture" class="mw-redirect" title="Académie Royale de Peinture et de Sculpture">Académie Royale de Peinture et de Sculpture</a>, which in 1699 held the first of a series of salons. The Académie remained at the Louvre for 100 years.<a href="#cite_note-7">[7]</a> During the <a href="/wiki/French_Revolution" title="French Revolution">French Revolution</a>, the <a href="/wiki/National_Constituent_Assembly_(France)" title="National Constituent Assembly (France)">National Assembly</a> decreed that the Louvre should be used as a museum to display the nation's masterpieces. The museum opened on 10 August 1793 with an exhibition of 537 paintings, the majority of the works being royal and confiscated church property. Because of structural problems with the building, the museum was closed from 1796 until 1801. The collection was increased under <a href="/wiki/Napoleon" title="Napoleon">Napoleon</a>, after the <a href="/wiki/Napoleonic_looting_of_art" title="Napoleonic looting of art">Napoleonic looting of art in Europe, Egypt and Syria</a>, and the museum was renamed Musée Napoléon, but after Napoleon's abdication, many works seized by his armies were returned to their original owners.[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a>] The collection was further increased during the reigns of <a href="/wiki/Louis_XVIII_of_France" class="mw-redirect" title="Louis XVIII of France">Louis XVIII</a> and <a href="/wiki/Charles_X_of_France" title="Charles X of France">Charles X</a>, and during the <a href="/wiki/Second_French_Empire" title="Second French Empire">Second French Empire</a> the museum gained 20,000 pieces. Holdings have grown steadily through donations and bequests since the <a href="/wiki/French_Third_Republic" title="French Third Republic">Third Republic</a>. The collection is divided among eight curatorial departments: <a href="/wiki/Egyptian_Antiquities" class="mw-redirect" title="Egyptian Antiquities">Egyptian Antiquities</a>; <a href="/wiki/Near_Eastern_Antiquities" class="mw-redirect" title="Near Eastern Antiquities">Near Eastern Antiquities</a>; <a href="/wiki/Greek_art" title="Greek art">Greek</a>, <a href="/wiki/Etruscan_art" title="Etruscan art">Etruscan</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Roman_art" title="Roman art">Roman Antiquities</a>; <a href="/wiki/Islamic_Art" class="mw-redirect" title="Islamic Art">Islamic Art</a>; Sculpture; <a href="/wiki/Decorative_Arts" class="mw-redirect" title="Decorative Arts">Decorative Arts</a>; Paintings; Prints and Drawings. The Musée du Louvre contains approximately 500,000 objects<a href="#cite_note-Numberobjects-8">[8]</a> and displays 35,000 works of art in eight curatorial departments with more than 60,600 m2 (652,000 sq ft) dedicated to the permanent collection.<a href="#cite_note-CollectionSize-2">[2]</a> The Louvre exhibits sculptures, <a href="/wiki/Objet_d%27art" title="Objet d'art">objets d'art</a>, paintings, drawings, and archaeological finds. At any given point in time, approximately 38,000 objects from prehistory to the 21st century are being exhibited over an area of 72,735 m2 (782,910 sq ft), making it the <a href="/wiki/List_of_largest_museums" title="List of largest museums">largest museum in the world</a>. It received 8.9 million visitors in 2023, 14 percent more than in 2022, though below the 10.1 million visitors it received in 2018. The Louvre is the <a href="/wiki/List_of_most-visited_museums" title="List of most-visited museums">most-visited museum in the world</a>, ahead of the <a href="/wiki/Vatican_Museums" title="Vatican Museums">Vatican Museums</a>.<a href="#cite_note-9">[9]</a><a href="#cite_note-francetvinfo.fr-10">[10]</a> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Location_and_visiting">Location and visiting</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Louvre&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Location and visiting">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Paris_-_Orthophotographie_-_2018_-_Palais_du_Louvre_02.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/Paris_-_Orthophotographie_-_2018_-_Palais_du_Louvre_02.jpg/220px-Paris_-_Orthophotographie_-_2018_-_Palais_du_Louvre_02.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="124" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/Paris_-_Orthophotographie_-_2018_-_Palais_du_Louvre_02.jpg/330px-Paris_-_Orthophotographie_-_2018_-_Palais_du_Louvre_02.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/Paris_-_Orthophotographie_-_2018_-_Palais_du_Louvre_02.jpg/440px-Paris_-_Orthophotographie_-_2018_-_Palais_du_Louvre_02.jpg 2x" data-file-width="9899" data-file-height="5568" /></a><figcaption>Aerial view of the Louvre Palace and Tuileries Park</figcaption></figure> The Louvre museum is located inside the <a href="/wiki/Louvre_Palace" title="Louvre Palace">Louvre Palace</a>, in the center of Paris, adjacent to the <a href="/wiki/Tuileries_Gardens" class="mw-redirect" title="Tuileries Gardens">Tuileries Gardens</a>. The two nearest <a href="/wiki/Paris_Metro" class="mw-redirect" title="Paris Metro">Métro</a> stations are <a href="/wiki/Louvre_-_Rivoli_(Paris_M%C3%A9tro)" class="mw-redirect" title="Louvre - Rivoli (Paris Métro)">Louvre-Rivoli</a> and <a href="/wiki/Palais_Royal_-_Mus%C3%A9e_du_Louvre_(Paris_M%C3%A9tro)" class="mw-redirect" title="Palais Royal - Musée du Louvre (Paris Métro)">Palais Royal-Musée du Louvre</a>, the latter having a direct underground access to the <a href="/wiki/Carrousel_du_Louvre" title="Carrousel du Louvre">Carrousel du Louvre</a> commercial mall.<a href="#cite_note-11">[11]</a> Before the <a href="/wiki/Grand_Louvre" title="Grand Louvre">Grand Louvre</a> overhaul of the late 1980s and 1990s, the Louvre had several street-level entrances, most of which are now permanently closed. Since 1993, the museum's main entrance has been the underground space under the <a href="/wiki/Louvre_Pyramid" title="Louvre Pyramid">Louvre Pyramid</a>, or Hall Napoléon, which can be accessed from the Pyramid itself, from the underground Carrousel du Louvre, or (for authorized visitors) from the passage Richelieu connecting to the nearby <a href="/wiki/Rue_de_Rivoli" title="Rue de Rivoli">rue de Rivoli</a>. A secondary entrance at the Porte des Lions, near the western end of the Denon Wing, was created in 1999 but is not permanently open.<a href="#cite_note-12">[12]</a> The museum's entrance conditions have varied over time. Prior to the 1850s, artists and foreign visitors had privileged access. At the time of initial opening in 1793, the <a href="/wiki/French_Republican_calendar" title="French Republican calendar">French Republican calendar</a> had imposed ten-day "weeks" (French: décades), the first six days of which were reserved for visits by artists and foreigners and the last three for visits by the general public.<a href="#cite_note-Rosenberg-13">[13]</a>: 37  In the early 1800s, after the seven-day week had been reinstated, the general public had only four hours of museum access per weeks, between 2pm and 4pm on Saturdays and Sundays.<a href="#cite_note-Malgouyres-14">[14]</a>: 8  In 1824, a new regulation allowed public access only on Sundays and holidays; the other days the museum was open only to artists and foreigners, except for closure on Mondays.<a href="#cite_note-Rosenberg-13">[13]</a>: 39  That changed in 1855 when the museum became open to the public all days except Mondays.<a href="#cite_note-Rosenberg-13">[13]</a>: 40  It was free until 1922, when an entrance fee was introduced except on Sundays.<a href="#cite_note-Rosenberg-13">[13]</a>: 42  Since its post-<a href="/wiki/World_War_II" title="World War II">World War II</a> reopening in 1946,<a href="#cite_note-Rosenberg-13">[13]</a>: 43  the Louvre has been closed on Tuesdays, and habitually open to the public the rest of the week except for some holidays. The use of cameras and video recorders is permitted inside, but flash photography is forbidden.<a href="#cite_note-15">[15]</a> Beginning in 2012, <a href="/wiki/Nintendo_3DS" title="Nintendo 3DS">Nintendo 3DS</a> portable video game systems were used as the official museum audio guides. The following year, the museum contracted Nintendo to create a 3DS-based audiovisual visitor guide.<a href="#cite_note-16">[16]</a> Entitled Nintendo 3DS Guide: Louvre, it contains over 30 hours of audio and over 1,000 photographs of artwork and the museum itself, including 3D views,<a href="#cite_note-17">[17]</a> and also provides navigation thanks to <a href="/wiki/Differential_GPS" title="Differential GPS">differential GPS</a> transmitters installed within the museum.<a href="#cite_note-netburn-18">[18]</a> The upgraded 2013 Louvre guide was also announced in a special <a href="/wiki/Nintendo_Direct" title="Nintendo Direct">Nintendo Direct</a> featuring <a href="/wiki/Satoru_Iwata" title="Satoru Iwata">Satoru Iwata</a> and <a href="/wiki/Shigeru_Miyamoto" title="Shigeru Miyamoto">Shigeru Miyamoto</a> demonstrating it at the museum,<a href="#cite_note-19">[19]</a> and 3DS XLs pre-loaded with the guide are available to rent at the museum.<a href="#cite_note-20">[20]</a> As of August 2023, there are virtual tours through rooms and galleries accessible online. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Louvre&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: History">edit</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Before_the_museum">Before the museum</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Louvre&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Before the museum">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Donjon_chateau_louvre.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Donjon_chateau_louvre.JPG/220px-Donjon_chateau_louvre.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Donjon_chateau_louvre.JPG/330px-Donjon_chateau_louvre.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Donjon_chateau_louvre.JPG/440px-Donjon_chateau_louvre.JPG 2x" data-file-width="801" data-file-height="599" /></a><figcaption>Below-ground portions of the medieval Louvre are still visible.<a href="#cite_note-Mignot-21">[21]</a>: 32 </figcaption></figure> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Louvre_Palace" title="Louvre Palace">Louvre Palace</a></div> The <a href="/wiki/Louvre_Palace" title="Louvre Palace">Louvre Palace</a>, which houses the museum, was begun by <a href="/wiki/Philip_II_of_France" title="Philip II of France">King Philip II</a> in the late 12th century to protect the city from the attack from the West, as the <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_England" title="Kingdom of England">Kingdom of England</a> still held <a href="/wiki/Duchy_of_Normandy" title="Duchy of Normandy">Normandy</a> at the time. Remnants of the <a href="/wiki/Medieval_Louvre" class="mw-redirect" title="Medieval Louvre">Medieval Louvre</a> are still visible in the crypt.<a href="#cite_note-Mignot-21">[21]</a>: 32  Whether this was the first building on that spot is not known, and it is possible that Philip modified an existing tower.<a href="#cite_note-Edwards-22">[22]</a> The origins of the name "Louvre" are somewhat disputed. According to the authoritative <a href="/wiki/Grand_Larousse_encyclop%C3%A9dique" title="Grand Larousse encyclopédique">Grand Larousse encyclopédique</a>, the name derives from an association with a <a href="/wiki/Wolf_hunting" title="Wolf hunting">wolf hunting</a> den (via Latin: lupus, lower Empire: lupara).<a href="#cite_note-Edwards-22">[22]</a><a href="#cite_note-23">[23]</a> In the 7th century, <a href="/wiki/Burgundofara" title="Burgundofara">Burgundofara</a> (also known as Saint Fare), abbess in Meaux, is said to have given part of her "Villa called Luvra situated in the region of Paris" to a monastery,<a href="#cite_note-24">[24]</a> even though it is doubtful that this land corresponded exactly to the present site of the Louvre. The Louvre Palace has been subject to numerous renovations since its construction. In the 14th century, <a href="/wiki/Charles_V_of_France" title="Charles V of France">Charles V</a> converted the building from its military role into a residence. In 1546, <a href="/wiki/Francis_I_of_France" title="Francis I of France">Francis I</a> started its rebuilding in <a href="/wiki/French_Renaissance_architecture" title="French Renaissance architecture">French Renaissance</a> style.<a href="#cite_note-Edwards198-25">[25]</a> After Louis XIV chose Versailles as his residence in 1682, construction works slowed to a halt. The royal move away from Paris resulted in the Louvre being used as a residence for artists, under Royal patronage.<a href="#cite_note-Edwards198-25">[25]</a><a href="#cite_note-Mignot-21">[21]</a>: 42 <a href="#cite_note-26">[26]</a> For example, four generations of craftsmen-artists from the Boulle family were granted Royal patronage and resided in the Louvre.<a href="#cite_note-27">[27]</a><a href="#cite_note-28">[28]</a><a href="#cite_note-29">[29]</a> Meanwhile, the collections of the Louvre originated in the acquisitions of paintings and other artworks by the monarchs of the <a href="/wiki/House_of_France" class="mw-redirect" title="House of France">House of France</a>. At the <a href="/wiki/Palace_of_Fontainebleau" title="Palace of Fontainebleau">Palace of Fontainebleau</a>, Francis collected art that would later be part of the Louvre's art collections, including <a href="/wiki/Leonardo_da_Vinci" title="Leonardo da Vinci">Leonardo da Vinci</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Mona_Lisa" title="Mona Lisa">Mona Lisa</a>.<a href="#cite_note-30">[30]</a> The Cabinet du Roi consisted of seven rooms west of the Galerie d'Apollon on the upper floor of the remodeled Petite Galerie. Many of the king's paintings were placed in these rooms in 1673, when it became an art gallery, accessible to certain art lovers as a kind of museum. In 1681, after the court moved to Versailles, 26 of the paintings were transferred there, somewhat diminishing the collection, but it is mentioned in Paris guide books from 1684 on, and was shown to ambassadors from <a href="/wiki/Siam" class="mw-redirect" title="Siam">Siam</a> in 1686.<a href="#cite_note-31">[31]</a> By the mid-18th century there were an increasing number of proposals to create a public gallery in the Louvre. Art critic <a href="/wiki/%C3%89tienne_La_Font_de_Saint-Yenne" title="Étienne La Font de Saint-Yenne">Étienne La Font de Saint-Yenne</a> in 1747 published a call for a display of the royal collection. On 14 October 1750, <a href="/wiki/Louis_XV" title="Louis XV">Louis XV</a> decided on a display of 96 pieces from the royal collection, mounted in the Galerie royale de peinture of the <a href="/wiki/Luxembourg_Palace" title="Luxembourg Palace">Luxembourg Palace</a>. A hall was opened by <a href="/wiki/Charles_Fran%C3%A7ois_Paul_Le_Normant_de_Tournehem" title="Charles François Paul Le Normant de Tournehem">Le Normant de Tournehem</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Abel_Fran%C3%A7ois_Poisson" class="mw-redirect" title="Abel François Poisson">Marquis de Marigny</a> for public viewing of the "king's paintings" (Tableaux du Roy) on Wednesdays and Saturdays. The Luxembourg gallery included <a href="/wiki/Andrea_del_Sarto" title="Andrea del Sarto">Andrea del Sarto</a>'s Charity and works by <a href="/wiki/Raphael" title="Raphael">Raphael</a>; <a href="/wiki/Titian" title="Titian">Titian</a>; <a href="/wiki/Paolo_Veronese" title="Paolo Veronese">Veronese</a>; <a href="/wiki/Rembrandt" title="Rembrandt">Rembrandt</a>; <a href="/wiki/Nicolas_Poussin" title="Nicolas Poussin">Poussin</a> or <a href="/wiki/Anthony_van_Dyck" title="Anthony van Dyck">Van Dyck</a>. It closed in 1780 as a result of the royal gift of the Luxembourg palace to the <a href="/wiki/Louis_XVIII_of_France" class="mw-redirect" title="Louis XVIII of France">Count of Provence</a> (the future king, Louis XVIII) by the king in 1778.<a href="#cite_note-Nora_278-32">[32]</a> Under <a href="/wiki/Louis_XVI_of_France" class="mw-redirect" title="Louis XVI of France">Louis XVI</a>, the idea of a royal museum in the Louvre came closer to fruition.<a href="#cite_note-Carb_56-33">[33]</a> The <a href="/wiki/Charles-Claude_Flahaut_de_la_Billaderie,_comte_d%27Angiviller" class="mw-redirect" title="Charles-Claude Flahaut de la Billaderie, comte d'Angiviller">comte d'Angiviller</a> broadened the collection and in 1776 proposed to convert the <a href="/wiki/Grande_Galerie" title="Grande Galerie">Grande Galerie</a> of the Louvre – which at that time contained the <a href="/wiki/Mus%C3%A9e_des_Plans-Reliefs" title="Musée des Plans-Reliefs">plans-reliefs</a> or 3D models of key fortified sites in and around France – into the "French Museum". Many design proposals were offered for the Louvre's renovation into a museum, without a final decision being made on them. Hence the museum remained incomplete until the French Revolution.<a href="#cite_note-Nora_278-32">[32]</a> <div style="clear:both;" class=""></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Revolutionary_opening">Revolutionary opening</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Louvre&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Revolutionary opening">edit</a>]</div> The Louvre finally became a public museum during the French Revolution. In May 1791, the <a href="/wiki/National_Constituent_Assembly_(France)" title="National Constituent Assembly (France)">National Constituent Assembly</a> declared that the Louvre would be "a place for bringing together monuments of all the sciences and arts".<a href="#cite_note-Nora_278-32">[32]</a> On 10 August 1792, <a href="/wiki/Louis_XVI_of_France" class="mw-redirect" title="Louis XVI of France">Louis XVI</a> was imprisoned and the royal collection in the Louvre became national property. Because of fear of vandalism or theft, on 19 August, the National Assembly pronounced the museum's preparation urgent. In October, a committee to "preserve the national memory" began assembling the collection for display.<a href="#cite_note-34">[34]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Amor-Psyche-Canova-JBU02.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/Amor-Psyche-Canova-JBU02.JPG/220px-Amor-Psyche-Canova-JBU02.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="220" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/Amor-Psyche-Canova-JBU02.JPG/330px-Amor-Psyche-Canova-JBU02.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/Amor-Psyche-Canova-JBU02.JPG/440px-Amor-Psyche-Canova-JBU02.JPG 2x" data-file-width="3209" data-file-height="3212" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Antonio_Canova" title="Antonio Canova">Antonio Canova</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Psyche_Revived_by_Cupid%27s_Kiss" title="Psyche Revived by Cupid's Kiss">Psyche Revived by Cupid's Kiss</a> was commissioned in 1787 and donated in 1824.<a href="#cite_note-French-35">[35]</a></figcaption></figure> The museum opened on 10 August 1793, the first anniversary of the monarchy's demise, as Muséum central des Arts de la République. The public was given free accessibility on three days per week, which was "perceived as a major accomplishment and was generally appreciated".<a href="#cite_note-36">[36]</a> The collection showcased 537 paintings and 184 objects of art. Three-quarters were derived from the royal collections, the remainder from confiscated <a href="/wiki/%C3%89migr%C3%A9s" class="mw-redirect" title="Émigrés">émigrés</a> and <a href="/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Church" class="mw-redirect" title="Roman Catholic Church">Church</a> property (<a href="/wiki/Biens_nationaux" title="Biens nationaux">biens nationaux</a>).<a href="#cite_note-Alex_24-37">[37]</a><a href="#cite_note-Mignot-21">[21]</a>: 68-69  To expand and organize the collection, the Republic dedicated 100,000 <a href="/wiki/Livre_tournois" title="Livre tournois">livres</a> per year.<a href="#cite_note-Nora_278-32">[32]</a> In 1794, France's revolutionary armies began bringing pieces from Northern Europe, augmented after the <a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Tolentino" title="Treaty of Tolentino">Treaty of Tolentino</a> (1797) by works from the Vatican, such as the <a href="/wiki/Laoco%C3%B6n_and_His_Sons" title="Laocoön and His Sons">Laocoön</a> and <a href="/wiki/Apollo_Belvedere" title="Apollo Belvedere">Apollo Belvedere</a>, to establish the Louvre as a museum and as a "sign of popular sovereignty".<a href="#cite_note-Alex_24-37">[37]</a><a href="#cite_note-38">[38]</a> The early days were hectic. Privileged artists continued to live in residence, and the unlabeled paintings hung "frame to frame from floor to ceiling".<a href="#cite_note-Alex_24-37">[37]</a> The structure itself closed in May 1796 due to structural deficiencies. It reopened on <a href="/wiki/Bastille_Day" title="Bastille Day">14 July</a> 1801, arranged chronologically and with new lighting and columns.<a href="#cite_note-Alex_24-37">[37]</a> On 15 August 1797, the <a href="/wiki/Galerie_d%27Apollon" title="Galerie d'Apollon">Galerie d'Apollon</a> was opened with an exhibition of drawings. Meanwhile, the Louvre's Gallery of Antiquity sculpture (musée des Antiques), with artefacts brought from Florence and the Vatican, had opened in November 1800 in <a href="/wiki/Anne_of_Austria" title="Anne of Austria">Anne of Austria</a>'s former summer apartment, located on the ground floor just below the Galerie d'Apollon. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Napoleonic_era">Napoleonic era</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Louvre&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Napoleonic era">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Napoleonic_looting_of_art" title="Napoleonic looting of art">Napoleonic looting of art</a></div> On 19 November 1802, Napoleon appointed <a href="/wiki/Dominique_Vivant_Denon" class="mw-redirect" title="Dominique Vivant Denon">Dominique Vivant Denon</a>, a scholar and polymath who had participated in the <a href="/wiki/French_Invasion_of_Egypt_(1798)" class="mw-redirect" title="French Invasion of Egypt (1798)">Egyptian campaign</a> of 1798–1801, as the museum's first director, in preference to alternative contenders such as antiquarian <a href="/wiki/Ennio_Quirino_Visconti" title="Ennio Quirino Visconti">Ennio Quirino Visconti</a>, painter <a href="/wiki/Jacques-Louis_David" title="Jacques-Louis David">Jacques-Louis David</a>, sculptor <a href="/wiki/Antonio_Canova" title="Antonio Canova">Antonio Canova</a> and architects <a href="/wiki/L%C3%A9on_Dufourny" title="Léon Dufourny">Léon Dufourny</a> or <a href="/wiki/Pierre-Fran%C3%A7ois-L%C3%A9onard_Fontaine" title="Pierre-François-Léonard Fontaine">Pierre Fontaine</a>.<a href="#cite_note-39">[39]</a> On Denon's suggestion in July 1803, the museum itself was renamed Musée Napoléon.<a href="#cite_note-GBB-40">[40]</a>: 79  The collection grew through successful military campaigns.<a href="#cite_note-Mignot-21">[21]</a>: 52  Acquisitions were made of Spanish, Austrian, Dutch, and Italian works, either as the result of <a href="/wiki/War_looting" class="mw-redirect" title="War looting">war looting</a> or formalized by treaties such as the <a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Tolentino" title="Treaty of Tolentino">Treaty of Tolentino</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Alderson_25-41">[41]</a> At the end of Napoleon's First Italian Campaign in 1797, the <a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Campo_Formio" title="Treaty of Campo Formio">Treaty of Campo Formio</a> was signed with <a href="/wiki/Count_Philipp_von_Cobenzl" class="mw-redirect" title="Count Philipp von Cobenzl">Count Philipp von Cobenzl</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Austrian_Monarchy" class="mw-redirect" title="Austrian Monarchy">Austrian Monarchy</a>. This treaty marked the completion of Napoleon's conquest of Italy and the end of the first phase of the <a href="/wiki/French_Revolutionary_Wars" title="French Revolutionary Wars">French Revolutionary Wars</a>. It compelled Italian cities to contribute pieces of art and heritage to Napoleon's "parades of spoils" through Paris before being put into the Louvre Museum.<a href="#cite_note-Plant,_p._36-42">[42]</a> The <a href="/wiki/Horses_of_Saint_Mark" title="Horses of Saint Mark">Horses of Saint Mark</a>, which had adorned the basilica of San Marco in Venice after the sack of <a href="/wiki/Constantinople" title="Constantinople">Constantinople</a> in 1204, were brought to Paris where they were placed atop Napoleon's <a href="/wiki/Arc_de_Triomphe_du_Carrousel" title="Arc de Triomphe du Carrousel">Arc de Triomphe du Carrousel</a> in 1797.<a href="#cite_note-Plant,_p._36-42">[42]</a> Under the Treaty of Tolentino, the two statues of the Nile and Tiber were taken to Paris from the Vatican in 1797, and were both kept in the Louvre until 1815. (The Nile was later returned to Rome,<a href="#cite_note-43">[43]</a> whereas the Tiber has remained in the Louvre to this day.) The despoilment of Italian churches and palaces outraged the Italians and their artistic and cultural sensibilities.<a href="#cite_note-44">[44]</a> After the French defeat at <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Waterloo" title="Battle of Waterloo">Waterloo</a>, the looted works' former owners sought their return. The Louvre's administrator, Denon, was loath to comply in absence of a treaty of restitution. In response, foreign states sent emissaries to London to seek help, and many pieces were returned, though far from all.<a href="#cite_note-Alderson_25-41">[41]</a><a href="#cite_note-Mignot-21">[21]</a>: 69 <a href="#cite_note-45">[45]</a> In 1815 <a href="/wiki/Louis_XVIII" title="Louis XVIII">Louis XVIII</a> finally concluded agreements with the <a href="/wiki/Austrian_Empire" title="Austrian Empire">Austrian</a> government<a href="#cite_note-46">[46]</a><a href="#cite_note-47">[47]</a> for the keeping of works such as Veronese's <a href="/wiki/The_Wedding_at_Cana_(Veronese)" title="The Wedding at Cana (Veronese)">Wedding at Cana</a> which was exchanged for a large <a href="/wiki/Charles_Le_Brun" title="Charles Le Brun">Le Brun</a> or the repurchase of the <a href="/wiki/Alessandro_Albani" title="Alessandro Albani">Albani</a> collection. <div style="clear:both;" class=""></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="From_1815_to_1852">From 1815 to 1852</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Louvre&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: From 1815 to 1852">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:MG-Paris-Aphrodite_of_Milos_edited.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/MG-Paris-Aphrodite_of_Milos_edited.jpg/170px-MG-Paris-Aphrodite_of_Milos_edited.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="255" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/MG-Paris-Aphrodite_of_Milos_edited.jpg/255px-MG-Paris-Aphrodite_of_Milos_edited.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/MG-Paris-Aphrodite_of_Milos_edited.jpg/340px-MG-Paris-Aphrodite_of_Milos_edited.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2592" data-file-height="3888" /></a><figcaption>The <a href="/wiki/Venus_de_Milo" title="Venus de Milo">Venus de Milo</a> was added to the Louvre's collection during the reign of <a href="/wiki/Louis_XVIII" title="Louis XVIII">Louis XVIII</a>.</figcaption></figure> For most of the 19th century, from <a href="/wiki/Napoleon" title="Napoleon">Napoleon</a>'s time to the <a href="/wiki/Second_French_Empire" title="Second French Empire">Second Empire</a>, the Louvre and other national museums were managed under the monarch's <a href="/wiki/Civil_list" title="Civil list">civil list</a> and thus depended much on the ruler's personal involvement. Whereas the most iconic collection remained that of paintings in the <a href="/wiki/Grande_Galerie" title="Grande Galerie">Grande Galerie</a>, a number of other initiatives mushroomed in the vast building, named as if they were separate museums even though they were generally managed under the same administrative umbrella. Correspondingly, the museum complex was often referred to in the plural ("les musées du Louvre") rather than singular.<a href="#cite_note-48">[48]</a> During the <a href="/wiki/Bourbon_Restoration_in_France" title="Bourbon Restoration in France">Bourbon Restoration</a> (1814–1830), <a href="/wiki/Louis_XVIII" title="Louis XVIII">Louis XVIII</a> and <a href="/wiki/Charles_X_of_France" title="Charles X of France">Charles X</a> added to the collections. The Greek and Roman sculpture gallery on the ground floor of the southwestern side of the <a href="/wiki/Cour_Carr%C3%A9e" title="Cour Carrée">Cour Carrée</a> was completed on designs by <a href="/wiki/Percier_and_Fontaine" title="Percier and Fontaine">Percier and Fontaine</a>. In 1819 an exhibition of manufactured products was opened in the first floor of the Cour Carrée's southern wing and would stay there until the mid-1820s.<a href="#cite_note-GBB-40">[40]</a>: 87  Charles X in 1826 created the Musée Égyptien and in 1827 included it in his broader Musée Charles X, a new section of the museum complex located in a suite of lavishly decorated rooms on the first floor of the South Wing of the Cour Carrée. The Egyptian collection, initially curated by <a href="/wiki/Jean-Fran%C3%A7ois_Champollion" title="Jean-François Champollion">Jean-François Champollion</a>, formed the basis for what is now the Louvre's <a href="/wiki/Department_of_Egyptian_Antiquities_of_the_Louvre" title="Department of Egyptian Antiquities of the Louvre">Department of Egyptian Antiquities</a>. It was formed from the purchased collections of <a href="/wiki/Edm%C3%A9-Antoine_Durand" title="Edmé-Antoine Durand">Edmé-Antoine Durand</a>, <a href="/wiki/Henry_Salt_(Egyptologist)" title="Henry Salt (Egyptologist)">Henry Salt</a> and the second collection of <a href="/wiki/Bernardino_Drovetti" title="Bernardino Drovetti">Bernardino Drovetti</a> (the first one having been purchased by <a href="/wiki/Victor_Emmanuel_I_of_Sardinia" class="mw-redirect" title="Victor Emmanuel I of Sardinia">Victor Emmanuel I of Sardinia</a> to form the core of the present <a href="/wiki/Museo_Egizio" title="Museo Egizio">Museo Egizio</a> in <a href="/wiki/Turin" title="Turin">Turin</a>). The Restoration period also saw the opening in 1824 of the Galerie d'Angoulême, a section of largely French sculptures on the ground floor of the Northwestern side of the Cour Carrée, many of whose artefacts came from the <a href="/wiki/Palace_of_Versailles" title="Palace of Versailles">Palace of Versailles</a> and from Alexandre Lenoir's <a href="/wiki/Mus%C3%A9e_des_Monuments_fran%C3%A7ais_(1795-1816)" class="mw-redirect" title="Musée des Monuments français (1795-1816)">Musée des Monuments Français</a> following its closure in 1816. Meanwhile, the <a href="/wiki/French_Navy" title="French Navy">French Navy</a> created an exhibition of ship models in the Louvre in December 1827, initially named musée dauphin in honor of <a href="/wiki/Louis_Antoine,_Duke_of_Angoul%C3%AAme" title="Louis Antoine, Duke of Angoulême">Dauphin Louis Antoine</a>,<a href="#cite_note-49">[49]</a> building on an 18th-century initiative of <a href="/wiki/Henri-Louis_Duhamel_du_Monceau" title="Henri-Louis Duhamel du Monceau">Henri-Louis Duhamel du Monceau</a>. This collection, renamed musée naval in 1833 and later to develop into the <a href="/wiki/Mus%C3%A9e_national_de_la_Marine" title="Musée national de la Marine">Musée national de la Marine</a>, was initially located on the first floor of the Cour Carrée's North Wing, and in 1838 moved up one level to the 2nd-floor <a href="/wiki/Attic" title="Attic">attic</a>, where it remained for more than a century.<a href="#cite_note-Marine-50">[50]</a> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-packed"> <li class="gallerycaption">Rooms of the Musée Charles X</li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 92px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 90px;"><a href="/wiki/File:Derni%C3%A8re_salle_des_antiquit%C3%A9s_%C3%A9gyptiennes_(Louvre).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="First room"><img alt="First room" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Derni%C3%A8re_salle_des_antiquit%C3%A9s_%C3%A9gyptiennes_%28Louvre%29.jpg/135px-Derni%C3%A8re_salle_des_antiquit%C3%A9s_%C3%A9gyptiennes_%28Louvre%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="90" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Derni%C3%A8re_salle_des_antiquit%C3%A9s_%C3%A9gyptiennes_%28Louvre%29.jpg/202px-Derni%C3%A8re_salle_des_antiquit%C3%A9s_%C3%A9gyptiennes_%28Louvre%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Derni%C3%A8re_salle_des_antiquit%C3%A9s_%C3%A9gyptiennes_%28Louvre%29.jpg/270px-Derni%C3%A8re_salle_des_antiquit%C3%A9s_%C3%A9gyptiennes_%28Louvre%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2112" data-file-height="2816" /></a></div> <div class="gallerytext">First room</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 92px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 90px;"><a href="/wiki/File:Egyptian_antiquities_in_the_Louvre_-_Room_27_and_others.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Room 27"><img alt="Room 27" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/39/Egyptian_antiquities_in_the_Louvre_-_Room_27_and_others.jpg/135px-Egyptian_antiquities_in_the_Louvre_-_Room_27_and_others.jpg" decoding="async" width="90" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/39/Egyptian_antiquities_in_the_Louvre_-_Room_27_and_others.jpg/202px-Egyptian_antiquities_in_the_Louvre_-_Room_27_and_others.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/39/Egyptian_antiquities_in_the_Louvre_-_Room_27_and_others.jpg/270px-Egyptian_antiquities_in_the_Louvre_-_Room_27_and_others.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2112" data-file-height="2816" /></a></div> <div class="gallerytext">Room 27</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 162px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 160px;"><a href="/wiki/File:Egyptian_antiquities_in_the_Louvre_-_Room_29_D201903.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Room 29"><img alt="Room 29" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Egyptian_antiquities_in_the_Louvre_-_Room_29_D201903.jpg/240px-Egyptian_antiquities_in_the_Louvre_-_Room_29_D201903.jpg" decoding="async" width="160" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Egyptian_antiquities_in_the_Louvre_-_Room_29_D201903.jpg/360px-Egyptian_antiquities_in_the_Louvre_-_Room_29_D201903.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Egyptian_antiquities_in_the_Louvre_-_Room_29_D201903.jpg/480px-Egyptian_antiquities_in_the_Louvre_-_Room_29_D201903.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2816" data-file-height="2112" /></a></div> <div class="gallerytext">Room 29</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 92px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 90px;"><a href="/wiki/File:Salles_des_colonnes_du_Louvre,_vue_vers_l%27ouest.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Salle des Colonnes"><img alt="Salle des Colonnes" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Salles_des_colonnes_du_Louvre%2C_vue_vers_l%27ouest.jpg/135px-Salles_des_colonnes_du_Louvre%2C_vue_vers_l%27ouest.jpg" decoding="async" width="90" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Salles_des_colonnes_du_Louvre%2C_vue_vers_l%27ouest.jpg/202px-Salles_des_colonnes_du_Louvre%2C_vue_vers_l%27ouest.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Salles_des_colonnes_du_Louvre%2C_vue_vers_l%27ouest.jpg/270px-Salles_des_colonnes_du_Louvre%2C_vue_vers_l%27ouest.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2112" data-file-height="2816" /></a></div> <div class="gallerytext">Salle des Colonnes</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 92px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 90px;"><a href="/wiki/File:Greek_antiquities_in_the_Louvre_-_Room_35_D201903.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Room 35"><img alt="Room 35" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Greek_antiquities_in_the_Louvre_-_Room_35_D201903.jpg/135px-Greek_antiquities_in_the_Louvre_-_Room_35_D201903.jpg" decoding="async" width="90" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Greek_antiquities_in_the_Louvre_-_Room_35_D201903.jpg/202px-Greek_antiquities_in_the_Louvre_-_Room_35_D201903.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Greek_antiquities_in_the_Louvre_-_Room_35_D201903.jpg/270px-Greek_antiquities_in_the_Louvre_-_Room_35_D201903.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2112" data-file-height="2816" /></a></div> <div class="gallerytext">Room 35</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 162px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 160px;"><a href="/wiki/File:Room_36_of_the_Greek_antiquities_in_the_Louvre.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Room 36"><img alt="Room 36" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Room_36_of_the_Greek_antiquities_in_the_Louvre.jpg/240px-Room_36_of_the_Greek_antiquities_in_the_Louvre.jpg" decoding="async" width="160" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Room_36_of_the_Greek_antiquities_in_the_Louvre.jpg/360px-Room_36_of_the_Greek_antiquities_in_the_Louvre.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Room_36_of_the_Greek_antiquities_in_the_Louvre.jpg/480px-Room_36_of_the_Greek_antiquities_in_the_Louvre.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2816" data-file-height="2112" /></a></div> <div class="gallerytext">Room 36</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 162px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 160px;"><a href="/wiki/File:Greek_antiquities_in_the_Louvre_-_Room_38_D201903.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Room 38"><img alt="Room 38" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Greek_antiquities_in_the_Louvre_-_Room_38_D201903.jpg/240px-Greek_antiquities_in_the_Louvre_-_Room_38_D201903.jpg" decoding="async" width="160" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Greek_antiquities_in_the_Louvre_-_Room_38_D201903.jpg/360px-Greek_antiquities_in_the_Louvre_-_Room_38_D201903.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Greek_antiquities_in_the_Louvre_-_Room_38_D201903.jpg/480px-Greek_antiquities_in_the_Louvre_-_Room_38_D201903.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2816" data-file-height="2112" /></a></div> <div class="gallerytext">Room 38</div> </li> </ul> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237032888/mw-parser-output/.tmulti">.mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner{display:flex;flex-direction:column}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{display:flex;flex-direction:row;clear:left;flex-wrap:wrap;width:100%;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output 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img{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner img{background-color:white}}</style><div class="thumb tmulti tright"><div class="thumbinner multiimageinner" style="width:342px;max-width:342px"><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:187px;max-width:187px"><div class="thumbimage" style="height:111px;overflow:hidden"><a href="/wiki/File:Salon_Carr%C3%A9_Ceiling.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/Salon_Carr%C3%A9_Ceiling.jpg/185px-Salon_Carr%C3%A9_Ceiling.jpg" decoding="async" width="185" height="111" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/Salon_Carr%C3%A9_Ceiling.jpg/278px-Salon_Carr%C3%A9_Ceiling.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/Salon_Carr%C3%A9_Ceiling.jpg/370px-Salon_Carr%C3%A9_Ceiling.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4314" data-file-height="2600" /></a></div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:151px;max-width:151px"><div class="thumbimage" style="height:111px;overflow:hidden"><a href="/wiki/File:Palais_du_Louvre_-_Salle_des_Sept-Chemin%C3%A9es_-1.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Palais_du_Louvre_-_Salle_des_Sept-Chemin%C3%A9es_-1.JPG/149px-Palais_du_Louvre_-_Salle_des_Sept-Chemin%C3%A9es_-1.JPG" decoding="async" width="149" height="112" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Palais_du_Louvre_-_Salle_des_Sept-Chemin%C3%A9es_-1.JPG/224px-Palais_du_Louvre_-_Salle_des_Sept-Chemin%C3%A9es_-1.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Palais_du_Louvre_-_Salle_des_Sept-Chemin%C3%A9es_-1.JPG/298px-Palais_du_Louvre_-_Salle_des_Sept-Chemin%C3%A9es_-1.JPG 2x" data-file-width="3648" data-file-height="2736" /></a></div></div></div><div class="trow" style="display:flex"><div class="thumbcaption">Ceiling decorations designed by <a href="/wiki/F%C3%A9lix_Duban" title="Félix Duban">Félix Duban</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Salon_Carr%C3%A9" title="Salon Carré">Salon Carré</a> (left) and Salle des Sept-Cheminées (right), late 1840s</div></div></div></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Giuseppe_Castiglione_-_View_of_the_Grand_Salon_Carr%C3%A9_in_the_Louvre_-_WGA4552.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/Giuseppe_Castiglione_-_View_of_the_Grand_Salon_Carr%C3%A9_in_the_Louvre_-_WGA4552.jpg/300px-Giuseppe_Castiglione_-_View_of_the_Grand_Salon_Carr%C3%A9_in_the_Louvre_-_WGA4552.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="195" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/Giuseppe_Castiglione_-_View_of_the_Grand_Salon_Carr%C3%A9_in_the_Louvre_-_WGA4552.jpg/450px-Giuseppe_Castiglione_-_View_of_the_Grand_Salon_Carr%C3%A9_in_the_Louvre_-_WGA4552.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/Giuseppe_Castiglione_-_View_of_the_Grand_Salon_Carr%C3%A9_in_the_Louvre_-_WGA4552.jpg/600px-Giuseppe_Castiglione_-_View_of_the_Grand_Salon_Carr%C3%A9_in_the_Louvre_-_WGA4552.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1388" data-file-height="900" /></a><figcaption>The display in the <a href="/wiki/Salon_Carr%C3%A9" title="Salon Carré">Salon Carré</a>, painted by <a href="/wiki/Giuseppe_Castiglione_(1829%E2%80%931908)" title="Giuseppe Castiglione (1829–1908)">Giuseppe Castiglione</a> in 1861 following its repurposing of the late 1840s <a href="/wiki/Paolo_Veronese" title="Paolo Veronese">Veronese</a>'s <a href="/wiki/The_Wedding_at_Cana_(Veronese)" title="The Wedding at Cana (Veronese)">Wedding at Cana</a> is visible on the left, and his Supper in the House of Simon (now at the <a href="/wiki/Palace_of_Versailles" title="Palace of Versailles">Palace of Versailles</a>) is on the right.</figcaption></figure> Following the <a href="/wiki/July_Revolution" title="July Revolution">July Revolution</a>, <a href="/wiki/Louis_Philippe_I" title="Louis Philippe I">King Louis Philippe</a> focused his interest on the repurposing of the <a href="/wiki/Palace_of_Versailles" title="Palace of Versailles">Palace of Versailles</a> into a <a href="/wiki/Mus%C3%A9e_de_l%27Histoire_de_France_(Versailles)" title="Musée de l'Histoire de France (Versailles)">Museum of French History</a> conceived as a project of national reconciliation, and the Louvre was kept in comparative neglect. Louis-Philippe did, however, sponsor the creation of the musée assyrien to host the monumental <a href="/wiki/Assyrian_sculpture" title="Assyrian sculpture">Assyrian sculpture</a> works brought to Paris by <a href="/wiki/Paul-%C3%89mile_Botta" title="Paul-Émile Botta">Paul-Émile Botta</a>, in the ground-floor gallery north of the eastern entrance of the Cour Carrée. The Assyrian Museum opened on 1 May 1847.<a href="#cite_note-51">[51]</a> Separately, Louis-Philippe had his <a href="/wiki/Spanish_gallery" title="Spanish gallery">Spanish gallery</a> displayed in the Louvre from 7 January 1838, in five rooms on the first floor of the Cour Carrée's East (<a href="/wiki/Louvre_Colonnade" title="Louvre Colonnade">Colonnade</a>) Wing,<a href="#cite_note-52">[52]</a> but the collection remained his personal property. As a consequence, the works were removed after Louis-Philippe was deposed in 1848, and were eventually auctioned away in 1853. The short-lived <a href="/wiki/French_Second_Republic" title="French Second Republic">Second Republic</a> had more ambitions for the Louvre. It initiated repair work, the completion of the <a href="/wiki/Galerie_d%27Apollon" title="Galerie d'Apollon">Galerie d'Apollon</a> and of the salle des sept-cheminées, and the overhaul of the <a href="/wiki/Salon_Carr%C3%A9" title="Salon Carré">Salon Carré</a> (former site of the iconic yearly <a href="/wiki/Salon_(Paris)" title="Salon (Paris)">Salon</a>) and of the Grande Galerie.<a href="#cite_note-Mignot-21">[21]</a>: 52  In 1848, the Naval Museum in the Cour Carrée's attic was brought under the common Louvre Museum management,<a href="#cite_note-Marine-50">[50]</a> a change which was again reversed in 1920. In 1850 under the leadership of curator <a href="/wiki/Adrien_Pr%C3%A9vost_de_Longp%C3%A9rier" title="Adrien Prévost de Longpérier">Adrien de Longpérier</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Mus%C3%A9e_mexicain" title="Musée mexicain">musée mexicain</a> opened within the Louvre as the first European museum dedicated to <a href="/wiki/Pre-Columbian_art" title="Pre-Columbian art">pre-Columbian art</a>.<a href="#cite_note-53">[53]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Second_Empire">Second Empire</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Louvre&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Second Empire">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Napoleon_III%27s_Louvre_expansion" title="Napoleon III's Louvre expansion">Napoleon III's Louvre expansion</a></div> The rule of <a href="/wiki/Napoleon_III" title="Napoleon III">Napoleon III</a> was transformational for the Louvre, both the building and the museum. In 1852, he created the <a href="/wiki/Mus%C3%A9e_des_Souverains" title="Musée des Souverains">Musée des Souverains</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Louvre_Colonnade" title="Louvre Colonnade">Colonnade Wing</a>, an ideological project aimed at buttressing his personal legitimacy. In 1861, he bought 11,835 artworks including 641 paintings, Greek gold and other antiquities of the <a href="/wiki/Campana_collection" class="mw-redirect" title="Campana collection">Campana collection</a>. For its display, he created another new section within the Louvre named Musée Napoléon III, occupying a number of rooms in various parts of the building. Between 1852 and 1870, the museum added 20,000 new artefacts to its collections.<a href="#cite_note-54">[54]</a> The main change of that period was to the building itself. In the 1850s architects <a href="/wiki/Louis_Visconti" title="Louis Visconti">Louis Visconti</a> and <a href="/wiki/Hector_Lefuel" class="mw-redirect" title="Hector Lefuel">Hector Lefuel</a> created massive new spaces around what is now called the <a href="/wiki/Cour_Napol%C3%A9on" class="mw-redirect" title="Cour Napoléon">Cour Napoléon</a>, some of which (in the South Wing, now Aile Denon) went to the museum.<a href="#cite_note-Mignot-21">[21]</a>: 52-54  In the 1860s, Lefuel also led the creation of the pavillon des Sessions with a new Salle des Etats closer to Napoleon III's residence in the <a href="/wiki/Tuileries_Palace" title="Tuileries Palace">Tuileries Palace</a>, with the effect of shortening the <a href="/wiki/Grande_Galerie" title="Grande Galerie">Grande Galerie</a> by about a third of its previous length. A smaller but significant Second Empire project was the decoration of the salle des Empereurs below the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Salon_carr%C3%A9&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Salon carré (page does not exist)">Salon carré</a>.[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a>] <div style="clear:both;" class=""></div> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-packed"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 163.33333333333px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 161.33333333333px;"><a href="/wiki/File:Mus%C3%A9e_Napol%C3%A9on_III.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Entrance to a section of the Musée Napoléon III from the salle des séances, then a double-height space"><img alt="Entrance to a section of the Musée Napoléon III from the salle des séances, then a double-height space" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Mus%C3%A9e_Napol%C3%A9on_III.jpg/242px-Mus%C3%A9e_Napol%C3%A9on_III.jpg" decoding="async" width="162" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Mus%C3%A9e_Napol%C3%A9on_III.jpg/363px-Mus%C3%A9e_Napol%C3%A9on_III.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Mus%C3%A9e_Napol%C3%A9on_III.jpg/484px-Mus%C3%A9e_Napol%C3%A9on_III.jpg 2x" data-file-width="768" data-file-height="572" /></a></div> <div class="gallerytext">Entrance to a section of the Musée Napoléon III from the salle des séances, then a double-height space</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 163.33333333333px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 161.33333333333px;"><a href="/wiki/File:Galerie_Daru_-_Mus%C3%A9e_du_Louvre.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Galerie Daru, part of the New Louvre building program under Napoleon III"><img alt="Galerie Daru, part of the New Louvre building program under Napoleon III" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Galerie_Daru_-_Mus%C3%A9e_du_Louvre.jpg/242px-Galerie_Daru_-_Mus%C3%A9e_du_Louvre.jpg" decoding="async" width="162" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Galerie_Daru_-_Mus%C3%A9e_du_Louvre.jpg/363px-Galerie_Daru_-_Mus%C3%A9e_du_Louvre.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Galerie_Daru_-_Mus%C3%A9e_du_Louvre.jpg/484px-Galerie_Daru_-_Mus%C3%A9e_du_Louvre.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5473" data-file-height="4072" /></a></div> <div class="gallerytext">Galerie Daru, part of the New Louvre building program under Napoleon III</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 182px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 180px;"><a href="/wiki/File:Salle_Daru_du_Louvre_(30612872064).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Salle Daru above the galerie Daru, also created under Napoleon III"><img alt="Salle Daru above the galerie Daru, also created under Napoleon III" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Salle_Daru_du_Louvre_%2830612872064%29.jpg/270px-Salle_Daru_du_Louvre_%2830612872064%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="180" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Salle_Daru_du_Louvre_%2830612872064%29.jpg/405px-Salle_Daru_du_Louvre_%2830612872064%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Salle_Daru_du_Louvre_%2830612872064%29.jpg/540px-Salle_Daru_du_Louvre_%2830612872064%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5184" data-file-height="3456" /></a></div> <div class="gallerytext">Salle Daru above the galerie Daru, also created under Napoleon III</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 162px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 160px;"><a href="/wiki/File:Escalier_Mollien_in_2010_(1).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Escalier Mollien in the New Louvre"><img alt="Escalier Mollien in the New Louvre" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Escalier_Mollien_in_2010_%281%29.jpg/240px-Escalier_Mollien_in_2010_%281%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="160" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Escalier_Mollien_in_2010_%281%29.jpg/360px-Escalier_Mollien_in_2010_%281%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Escalier_Mollien_in_2010_%281%29.jpg/480px-Escalier_Mollien_in_2010_%281%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3648" data-file-height="2736" /></a></div> <div class="gallerytext">Escalier Mollien in the New Louvre</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 118.66666666667px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 116.66666666667px;"><a href="/wiki/File:P1080712_Louvre_salle_romaine_rwk.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="Salle des Empereurs"><img alt="Salle des Empereurs" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/P1080712_Louvre_salle_romaine_rwk.JPG/175px-P1080712_Louvre_salle_romaine_rwk.JPG" decoding="async" width="117" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/P1080712_Louvre_salle_romaine_rwk.JPG/262px-P1080712_Louvre_salle_romaine_rwk.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/P1080712_Louvre_salle_romaine_rwk.JPG/350px-P1080712_Louvre_salle_romaine_rwk.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1924" data-file-height="1980" /></a></div> <div class="gallerytext">Salle des Empereurs</div> </li> </ul> <div style="clear:both;" class=""></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="From_1870_to_1981">From 1870 to 1981</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Louvre&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: From 1870 to 1981">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Plaques_honoring_the_defenders_of_the_Louvre_in_May_1871.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Plaques_honoring_the_defenders_of_the_Louvre_in_May_1871.jpg/220px-Plaques_honoring_the_defenders_of_the_Louvre_in_May_1871.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="293" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Plaques_honoring_the_defenders_of_the_Louvre_in_May_1871.jpg/330px-Plaques_honoring_the_defenders_of_the_Louvre_in_May_1871.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Plaques_honoring_the_defenders_of_the_Louvre_in_May_1871.jpg/440px-Plaques_honoring_the_defenders_of_the_Louvre_in_May_1871.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3024" data-file-height="4032" /></a><figcaption>Memorial plaques honoring the Louvre's defenders in May 1871</figcaption></figure> The Louvre narrowly escaped serious damage during the suppression of the <a href="/wiki/Paris_Commune" title="Paris Commune">Paris Commune</a>. On 23 May 1871, as the French Army advanced into Paris, a force of Communards led by <a href="/w/index.php?title=Jules_Bergeret&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jules Bergeret (page does not exist)">Jules Bergeret</a> [<a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jules_Bergeret" class="extiw" title="fr:Jules Bergeret">fr</a>] set fire to the adjoining <a href="/wiki/Tuileries_Palace" title="Tuileries Palace">Tuileries Palace</a>. The fire burned for forty-eight hours, entirely destroying the interior of the Tuileries and spreading to the north west wing of the museum next to it. The emperor's Louvre library (Bibliothèque du Louvre) and some of the adjoining halls, in what is now the Richelieu Wing, were separately destroyed. But the museum was saved by the efforts of Paris firemen and museum employees led by curator <a href="/wiki/Henry_Barbet_de_Jouy" title="Henry Barbet de Jouy">Henry Barbet de Jouy</a>.<a href="#cite_note-55">[55]</a> Following the end of the monarchy, several spaces in the Louvre's South Wing went to the museum. The Salle du Manège was transferred to the museum in 1879, and in 1928 became its main entrance lobby.<a href="#cite_note-56">[56]</a> The large Salle des Etats that had been created by Lefuel between the <a href="/wiki/Grande_Galerie" title="Grande Galerie">Grande Galerie</a> and Pavillon Denon was redecorated in 1886 by <a href="/w/index.php?title=Edmond_Guillaume&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Edmond Guillaume (page does not exist)">Edmond Guillaume</a> [<a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edmond_Guillaume" class="extiw" title="fr:Edmond Guillaume">fr</a>], Lefuel's successor as architect of the Louvre, and opened as a spacious exhibition room.<a href="#cite_note-57">[57]</a><a href="#cite_note-Bresc-58">[58]</a> Edomond Guillaume also decorated the first-floor room at the northwest corner of the <a href="/wiki/Cour_Carr%C3%A9e" title="Cour Carrée">Cour Carrée</a>, on the ceiling of which he placed in 1890 a monumental painting by <a href="/wiki/Carolus-Duran" title="Carolus-Duran">Carolus-Duran</a>, The Triumph of <a href="/wiki/Marie_de%27_Medici" title="Marie de' Medici">Marie de' Medici</a> originally created in 1879 for the <a href="/wiki/Luxembourg_Palace" title="Luxembourg Palace">Luxembourg Palace</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Bresc-58">[58]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Daru_staircase_Louvre_2007_05_13.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8d/Daru_staircase_Louvre_2007_05_13.jpg/220px-Daru_staircase_Louvre_2007_05_13.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="293" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8d/Daru_staircase_Louvre_2007_05_13.jpg/330px-Daru_staircase_Louvre_2007_05_13.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8d/Daru_staircase_Louvre_2007_05_13.jpg/440px-Daru_staircase_Louvre_2007_05_13.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2550" data-file-height="3400" /></a><figcaption>The Louvre's monumental <a href="/wiki/Escalier_Daru" title="Escalier Daru">Escalier Daru</a>, topped by the <a href="/wiki/Winged_Victory_of_Samothrace" title="Winged Victory of Samothrace">Winged Victory of Samothrace</a>, took its current appearance in the early 1930s.</figcaption></figure> Meanwhile, during the <a href="/wiki/Third_French_Republic" class="mw-redirect" title="Third French Republic">Third Republic</a> (1870–1940) the Louvre acquired new artefacts mainly via donations, gifts, and sharing arrangements on excavations abroad. The 583-item Collection La Caze, donated in 1869 by <a href="/wiki/Louis_La_Caze" title="Louis La Caze">Louis La Caze</a>, included works by <a href="/wiki/Jean-Baptiste-Sim%C3%A9on_Chardin" class="mw-redirect" title="Jean-Baptiste-Siméon Chardin">Chardin</a>; <a href="/wiki/Alexandre-%C3%89variste_Fragonard" title="Alexandre-Évariste Fragonard">Fragonard</a>, <a href="/wiki/Rembrandt" title="Rembrandt">Rembrandt</a> and <a href="/wiki/Jean-Antoine_Watteau" class="mw-redirect" title="Jean-Antoine Watteau">Watteau</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Mignot-21">[21]</a>: 70-71  In 1883, the <a href="/wiki/Winged_Victory_of_Samothrace" title="Winged Victory of Samothrace">Winged Victory of Samothrace</a>, which had been found in the Aegean Sea in 1863, was prominently displayed as the focal point of the <a href="/wiki/Escalier_Daru" title="Escalier Daru">Escalier Daru</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Mignot-21">[21]</a>: 70-71  Major artifacts excavated at <a href="/wiki/Susa" title="Susa">Susa</a> in Iran, including the massive Apadana capital and glazed brick decoration from the <a href="/wiki/Palace_of_Darius_in_Susa" title="Palace of Darius in Susa">Palace of Darius</a> there, accrued to the Oriental (Near Eastern) Antiquities Department in the 1880s. The <a href="/wiki/Soci%C3%A9t%C3%A9_des_amis_du_Louvre" title="Société des amis du Louvre">Société des amis du Louvre</a> was established in 1897 and donated prominent works, such as the <a href="/wiki/Piet%C3%A0_of_Villeneuve-l%C3%A8s-Avignon" title="Pietà of Villeneuve-lès-Avignon">Pietà of Villeneuve-lès-Avignon</a>. The expansion of the museum and its collections slowed after World War I, however, despite some prominent acquisitions such as <a href="/wiki/Georges_de_La_Tour" title="Georges de La Tour">Georges de La Tour</a>'s Saint Thomas and <a href="/wiki/Edmond_James_de_Rothschild" title="Edmond James de Rothschild">Baron Edmond de Rothschild</a>'s 1935 donation of 4,000 prints, 3,000 drawings, and 500 illustrated books. From the late 19th century, the Louvre gradually veered away from its mid-century ambition of universality to become a more focused museum of French, Western and Near Eastern art, covering a space ranging from <a href="/wiki/Iran" title="Iran">Iran</a> to the Atlantic. The collections of the Louvre's <a href="/wiki/Mus%C3%A9e_mexicain" title="Musée mexicain">musée mexicain</a> were transferred to the <a href="/wiki/Mus%C3%A9e_d%27Ethnographie_du_Trocad%C3%A9ro" title="Musée d'Ethnographie du Trocadéro">Musée d'Ethnographie du Trocadéro</a> in 1887. As the <a href="/wiki/Mus%C3%A9e_national_de_la_Marine" title="Musée national de la Marine">Musée de Marine</a> was increasingly constrained to display its core naval-themed collections in the limited space it had in the second-floor <a href="/wiki/Attic" title="Attic">attic</a> of the northern half of the Cour Carrée, many of its significant holdings of non-Western artefacts were transferred in 1905 to the Trocadéro ethnography museum, the <a href="/wiki/National_Archaeological_Museum,_France" title="National Archaeological Museum, France">National Antiquities Museum</a> in <a href="/wiki/Saint-Germain-en-Laye" title="Saint-Germain-en-Laye">Saint-Germain-en-Laye</a>, and the <a href="/wiki/Chinese_Museum_(Fontainebleau)" title="Chinese Museum (Fontainebleau)">Chinese Museum</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Palace_of_Fontainebleau" title="Palace of Fontainebleau">Palace of Fontainebleau</a>.<a href="#cite_note-59">[59]</a> The Musée de Marine itself was relocated to the <a href="/wiki/Palais_de_Chaillot" title="Palais de Chaillot">Palais de Chaillot</a> in 1943. The Louvre's extensive collections of <a href="/wiki/Asian_art" class="mw-redirect" title="Asian art">Asian art</a> were moved to the <a href="/wiki/Guimet_Museum" title="Guimet Museum">Guimet Museum</a> in 1945. Nevertheless, the Louvre's first gallery of <a href="/wiki/Islamic_art" title="Islamic art">Islamic art</a> opened in 1893.<a href="#cite_note-60">[60]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Bundesarchiv_Bild_183-L15196,_Paris,_Besuch_Gerd_v._Rundstedt_im_Louvre.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Bundesarchiv_Bild_183-L15196%2C_Paris%2C_Besuch_Gerd_v._Rundstedt_im_Louvre.jpg/220px-Bundesarchiv_Bild_183-L15196%2C_Paris%2C_Besuch_Gerd_v._Rundstedt_im_Louvre.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="319" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Bundesarchiv_Bild_183-L15196%2C_Paris%2C_Besuch_Gerd_v._Rundstedt_im_Louvre.jpg/330px-Bundesarchiv_Bild_183-L15196%2C_Paris%2C_Besuch_Gerd_v._Rundstedt_im_Louvre.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Bundesarchiv_Bild_183-L15196%2C_Paris%2C_Besuch_Gerd_v._Rundstedt_im_Louvre.jpg/440px-Bundesarchiv_Bild_183-L15196%2C_Paris%2C_Besuch_Gerd_v._Rundstedt_im_Louvre.jpg 2x" data-file-width="542" data-file-height="787" /></a><figcaption>Generalfeldmarschall <a href="/wiki/Gerd_von_Rundstedt" title="Gerd von Rundstedt">Gerd von Rundstedt</a> is seen with a plaster model of the <a href="/wiki/Venus_de_Milo" title="Venus de Milo">Venus de Milo</a>,<a href="#cite_note-61">[61]</a> while visiting the Louvre with the curator Alfred Merlin on 7 October 1940.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Meuble_de_type_borne_dans_la_grande_galerie_du_Louvre.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Meuble_de_type_borne_dans_la_grande_galerie_du_Louvre.jpg/220px-Meuble_de_type_borne_dans_la_grande_galerie_du_Louvre.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Meuble_de_type_borne_dans_la_grande_galerie_du_Louvre.jpg/330px-Meuble_de_type_borne_dans_la_grande_galerie_du_Louvre.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Meuble_de_type_borne_dans_la_grande_galerie_du_Louvre.jpg/440px-Meuble_de_type_borne_dans_la_grande_galerie_du_Louvre.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2816" data-file-height="2112" /></a><figcaption>Seating designed by <a href="/wiki/Pierre_Paulin" title="Pierre Paulin">Pierre Paulin</a> in the late 1960s, <a href="/wiki/Grande_Galerie" title="Grande Galerie">Grande Galerie</a></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Salon_Carr%C3%A9_D201805_2.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/Salon_Carr%C3%A9_D201805_2.jpg/220px-Salon_Carr%C3%A9_D201805_2.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/Salon_Carr%C3%A9_D201805_2.jpg/330px-Salon_Carr%C3%A9_D201805_2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/Salon_Carr%C3%A9_D201805_2.jpg/440px-Salon_Carr%C3%A9_D201805_2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2816" data-file-height="2112" /></a><figcaption><a href="/w/index.php?title=Marc_Saltet&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Marc Saltet (page does not exist)">Marc Saltet</a> [<a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marc_Saltet" class="extiw" title="fr:Marc Saltet">fr</a>]'s 1972 museography for the <a href="/wiki/Salon_Carr%C3%A9" title="Salon Carré">Salon Carré</a>, with "dos-à-dos" seat designed in 1967 by <a href="/wiki/Pierre_Paulin" title="Pierre Paulin">Pierre Paulin</a></figcaption></figure> In the late 1920s, Louvre Director <a href="/wiki/Henri_Verne" title="Henri Verne">Henri Verne</a> devised a master plan for the rationalization of the museum's exhibitions, which was partly implemented in the following decade. In 1932–1934, Louvre architects <a href="/w/index.php?title=Camille_Lef%C3%A8vre_(architect)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Camille Lefèvre (architect) (page does not exist)">Camille Lefèvre</a> [<a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Camille_Lef%C3%A8vre_(architecte)" class="extiw" title="fr:Camille Lefèvre (architecte)">fr</a>] and Albert Ferran redesigned the <a href="/wiki/Escalier_Daru" title="Escalier Daru">Escalier Daru</a> to its current appearance. The Cour du Sphinx in the South Wing was covered by a glass roof in 1934. Decorative arts exhibits were expanded in the first floor of the North Wing of the <a href="/wiki/Cour_Carr%C3%A9e" title="Cour Carrée">Cour Carrée</a>, including some of France's first <a href="/wiki/Period_room" title="Period room">period room</a> displays. In the late 1930s, The La Caze donation was moved to a remodeled Salle La Caze above the salle des Caryatides, with reduced height to create more rooms on the second floor and a sober interior design by Albert Ferran.[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a>] During <a href="/wiki/World_War_II" title="World War II">World War II</a>, the Louvre conducted an elaborate plan of <a href="/wiki/Evacuation_of_the_Louvre_museum_art_collection_during_World_War_II" class="mw-redirect" title="Evacuation of the Louvre museum art collection during World War II">evacuation of its art collection</a>. When Germany occupied the <a href="/wiki/Sudetenland" title="Sudetenland">Sudetenland</a>, many important artworks such as the <a href="/wiki/Mona_Lisa" title="Mona Lisa">Mona Lisa</a> were temporarily moved to the <a href="/wiki/Ch%C3%A2teau_de_Chambord" title="Château de Chambord">Château de Chambord</a>. When war was formally declared a year later, most of the museum's paintings were sent there as well. Select sculptures such as <a href="/wiki/Winged_Victory_of_Samothrace" title="Winged Victory of Samothrace">Winged Victory of Samothrace</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Venus_de_Milo" title="Venus de Milo">Venus de Milo</a> were sent to the <a href="/wiki/Ch%C3%A2teau_de_Valen%C3%A7ay" title="Château de Valençay">Château de Valençay</a>.<a href="#cite_note-62">[62]</a> On 27 August 1939, after two days of packing, truck convoys began to leave Paris. By 28 December, the museum was cleared of most works, except those that were too heavy and "unimportant paintings [that] were left in the basement".<a href="#cite_note-63">[63]</a> In early 1945, after the liberation of France, art began returning to the Louvre.<a href="#cite_note-64">[64]</a> New arrangements after the war revealed the further evolution of taste away from the lavish decorative practices of the late 19th century. In 1947, Edmond Guillaume's ceiling ornaments were removed from the Salle des Etats,<a href="#cite_note-Bresc-58">[58]</a> where the Mona Lisa was first displayed in 1966.<a href="#cite_note-65">[65]</a> Around 1950, Louvre architect <a href="/w/index.php?title=Jean-Jacques_Haffner&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jean-Jacques Haffner (page does not exist)">Jean-Jacques Haffner</a> [<a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jean-Jacques_Haffner" class="extiw" title="fr:Jean-Jacques Haffner">fr</a>] streamlined the interior decoration of the <a href="/wiki/Grande_Galerie" title="Grande Galerie">Grande Galerie</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Bresc-58">[58]</a> In 1953, a new ceiling by <a href="/wiki/Georges_Braque" title="Georges Braque">Georges Braque</a> was inaugurated in the Salle Henri II, next to the Salle La Caze.<a href="#cite_note-LAT-66">[66]</a> In the late 1960s, seats designed by <a href="/wiki/Pierre_Paulin" title="Pierre Paulin">Pierre Paulin</a> were installed in the Grande Galerie.<a href="#cite_note-67">[67]</a> In 1972, the <a href="/wiki/Salon_Carr%C3%A9" title="Salon Carré">Salon Carré</a>'s museography was remade with lighting from a hung tubular case, designed by Louvre architect <a href="/w/index.php?title=Marc_Saltet&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Marc Saltet (page does not exist)">Marc Saltet</a> [<a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marc_Saltet" class="extiw" title="fr:Marc Saltet">fr</a>] with assistance from designers <a href="/w/index.php?title=Andr%C3%A9_Monpoix&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="André Monpoix (page does not exist)">André Monpoix</a> [<a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andr%C3%A9_Monpoix" class="extiw" title="fr:André Monpoix">fr</a>], <a href="/wiki/Joseph-Andr%C3%A9_Motte" title="Joseph-André Motte">Joseph-André Motte</a> and Paulin.<a href="#cite_note-68">[68]</a> In 1961, the Finance Ministry accepted to leave the <a href="/wiki/Pavillon_de_Flore" title="Pavillon de Flore">Pavillon de Flore</a> at the southwestern end of the Louvre building, as Verne had recommended in his 1920s plan. New exhibition spaces of sculptures (ground floor) and paintings (first floor) opened there later in the 1960s, on a design by government architect Olivier Lahalle.<a href="#cite_note-69">[69]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Grand_Louvre">Grand Louvre</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Louvre&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Grand Louvre">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Grand_Louvre" title="Grand Louvre">Grand Louvre</a></div> In 1981, French President <a href="/wiki/Fran%C3%A7ois_Mitterrand" title="François Mitterrand">François Mitterrand</a> proposed, as one of his <a href="/wiki/Grands_Projets_of_Fran%C3%A7ois_Mitterrand" title="Grands Projets of François Mitterrand">Grands Projets</a>, the Grand Louvre plan to relocate the <a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_the_Economy_and_Finance_(France)" class="mw-redirect" title="Ministry of the Economy and Finance (France)">Finance Ministry</a>, until then housed in the North Wing of the Louvre, and thus devote almost the entire Louvre building (except its northwestern tip, which houses the separate <a href="/wiki/Mus%C3%A9e_des_Arts_D%C3%A9coratifs,_Paris" title="Musée des Arts Décoratifs, Paris">Musée des Arts Décoratifs</a>) to the museum which would be correspondingly restructured. In 1984 <a href="/wiki/I._M._Pei" title="I. M. Pei">I. M. Pei</a>, the architect personally selected by Mitterrand, proposed a master plan including an underground entrance space accessed through a <a href="/wiki/Louvre_Pyramid" title="Louvre Pyramid">glass pyramid</a> in the Louvre's central Cour Napoléon.<a href="#cite_note-Mignot-21">[21]</a>: 66  The open spaces surrounding the pyramid were inaugurated on 15 October 1988, and its underground lobby was opened on 30 March 1989. New galleries of early modern French paintings on the 2nd floor of the <a href="/wiki/Cour_Carr%C3%A9e" title="Cour Carrée">Cour Carrée</a>, for which the planning had started before the Grand Louvre, also opened in 1989. Further rooms in the same sequence, designed by <a href="/wiki/Italo_Rota" title="Italo Rota">Italo Rota</a>, opened on 15 December 1992.[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a>] On 18 November 1993, Mitterrand inaugurated the next major phase of the Grand Louvre plan: the renovated North (Richelieu) Wing in the former Finance Ministry site, the museum's largest single expansion in its entire history, designed by Pei, his French associate Michel Macary, and <a href="/wiki/Jean-Michel_Wilmotte" title="Jean-Michel Wilmotte">Jean-Michel Wilmotte</a>. Further underground spaces known as the <a href="/wiki/Carrousel_du_Louvre" title="Carrousel du Louvre">Carrousel du Louvre</a>, centered on the <a href="/wiki/Louvre_Inverted_Pyramid" title="Louvre Inverted Pyramid">Inverted Pyramid</a> and designed by Pei and Macary, had opened in October 1993. Other refurbished galleries, of Italian sculptures and Egyptian antiquities, opened in 1994. The third and last main phase of the plan unfolded mainly in 1997, with new renovated rooms in the Sully and Denon wings. A new entrance at the porte des Lions opened in 1998, leading on the first floor to new rooms of Spanish paintings.[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a>] As of 2002, the Louvre's visitor count had doubled from its pre-Grand-Louvre levels.<a href="#cite_note-Biz-70">[70]</a> <div style="clear:both;" class=""></div> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-packed"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 538.66666666667px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 536.66666666667px;"><a href="/wiki/File:Louvre_Courtyard,_Looking_West.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="The Napoleon Courtyard and I. M. Pei's pyramid in its center, at dusk"><img alt="The Napoleon Courtyard and I. M. Pei's pyramid in its center, at dusk" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/Louvre_Courtyard%2C_Looking_West.jpg/805px-Louvre_Courtyard%2C_Looking_West.jpg" decoding="async" width="537" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/Louvre_Courtyard%2C_Looking_West.jpg/1207px-Louvre_Courtyard%2C_Looking_West.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/Louvre_Courtyard%2C_Looking_West.jpg/1609px-Louvre_Courtyard%2C_Looking_West.jpg 2x" data-file-width="15359" data-file-height="5730" /></a></div> <div class="gallerytext">The Napoleon Courtyard and <a href="/wiki/I._M._Pei" title="I. M. Pei">I. M. Pei</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Louvre_Pyramid" title="Louvre Pyramid">pyramid</a> in its center, at dusk</div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="21st_century">21st century</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Louvre&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: 21st century">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Cy_Twombly_Ceiling_at_Louvre_Salle_des_Bronzes.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2b/Cy_Twombly_Ceiling_at_Louvre_Salle_des_Bronzes.jpg/220px-Cy_Twombly_Ceiling_at_Louvre_Salle_des_Bronzes.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="293" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2b/Cy_Twombly_Ceiling_at_Louvre_Salle_des_Bronzes.jpg/330px-Cy_Twombly_Ceiling_at_Louvre_Salle_des_Bronzes.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2b/Cy_Twombly_Ceiling_at_Louvre_Salle_des_Bronzes.jpg/440px-Cy_Twombly_Ceiling_at_Louvre_Salle_des_Bronzes.jpg 2x" data-file-width="768" data-file-height="1024" /></a><figcaption>Ceiling by <a href="/wiki/Cy_Twombly" title="Cy Twombly">Cy Twombly</a> installed in 2010 in the Salle des Bronzes, before the room's redesign in 2021</figcaption></figure> President <a href="/wiki/Jacques_Chirac" title="Jacques Chirac">Jacques Chirac</a>, who had succeeded Mitterrand in 1995, insisted on the return of non-Western art to the Louvre, upon a recommendation from his friend the art collector and dealer <a href="/w/index.php?title=Jacques_Kerchache&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jacques Kerchache (page does not exist)">Jacques Kerchache</a> [<a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jacques_Kerchache" class="extiw" title="fr:Jacques Kerchache">fr</a>]. On his initiative, a selection of highlights from the collections of what would become the <a href="/wiki/Mus%C3%A9e_du_Quai_Branly_%E2%80%93_Jacques_Chirac" title="Musée du Quai Branly – Jacques Chirac">Musée du Quai Branly – Jacques Chirac</a> was installed on the ground floor of the Pavillon des Sessions and opened in 2000, six years ahead of the Musée du Quai Branly itself. The main other initiative in the aftermath of the Grand Louvre project was Chirac's decision to create a new department of Islamic Art, by executive order of 1 August 2003, and to move the corresponding collections from their prior underground location in the Richelieu Wing to a more prominent site in the Denon Wing. That new section opened on 22 September 2012, together with collections from the Roman-era Eastern Mediterranean, with financial support from the <a href="/wiki/Alwaleed_Philanthropies" title="Alwaleed Philanthropies">Al Waleed bin Talal Foundation</a> and on a design by <a href="/wiki/Mario_Bellini" title="Mario Bellini">Mario Bellini</a> and <a href="/wiki/Rudy_Ricciotti" title="Rudy Ricciotti">Rudy Ricciotti</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Islamic_art,_covered-71">[71]</a><a href="#cite_note-72">[72]</a><a href="#cite_note-73">[73]</a> In 2007, German painter <a href="/wiki/Anselm_Kiefer" title="Anselm Kiefer">Anselm Kiefer</a> was invited to create a work for the North stairs of the <a href="/wiki/Claude_Perrault" title="Claude Perrault">Perrault</a> <a href="/wiki/Louvre_Colonnade" title="Louvre Colonnade">Colonnade</a>, Athanor. This decision announces the museum's reengagement with contemporary art under the direction of <a href="/wiki/Henri_Loyrette" title="Henri Loyrette">Henri Loyrette</a>, fifty years after the institution's last order to a contemporary artists, <a href="/wiki/Georges_Braque" title="Georges Braque">George Braque</a>.<a href="#cite_note-74">[74]</a> In 2010, American painter <a href="/wiki/Cy_Twombly" title="Cy Twombly">Cy Twombly</a> completed a new ceiling for the Salle des Bronzes (the former Salle La Caze), a counterpoint to that of Braque installed in 1953 in the adjacent Salle Henri II. The room's floor and walls were redesigned in 2021 by Louvre architect Michel Goutal to revert the changes made by his predecessor Albert Ferran in the late 1930s, triggering protests from the Cy Twombly Foundation on grounds that the then-deceased painter's work had been created to fit with the room's prior decoration.<a href="#cite_note-75">[75]</a> That same year, the Louvre commissioned French artist <a href="/wiki/Fran%C3%A7ois_Morellet" title="François Morellet">François Morellet</a> to create a work for the Lefuel stairs, on the first floor. For L'esprit d'escalier Morellet redesigned the stairscase's windows, echoing their original structures but distorting them to create a disturbing optical effect.<a href="#cite_note-76">[76]</a> On 6 June 2014, the Decorative Arts section on the first floor of the <a href="/wiki/Cour_Carr%C3%A9e" title="Cour Carrée">Cour Carrée</a>'s northern wing opened after comprehensive refurbishment.<a href="#cite_note-77">[77]</a> In January 2020, under the direction of <a href="/wiki/Jean-Luc_Martinez" title="Jean-Luc Martinez">Jean-Luc Martinez</a>, the museum inaugurated a new contemporary art commission, L'Onde du Midi by Venezuelan kinetic artist <a href="/wiki/Elias_Crespin" title="Elias Crespin">Elias Crespin</a>. The sculpture hovers under the Escalier du Midi, the staircase on the South of the <a href="/wiki/Louvre_Colonnade" title="Louvre Colonnade">Perrault Colonnade</a>.<a href="#cite_note-78">[78]</a> The Louvre, like many other museums and galleries, felt the <a href="/wiki/Impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_on_the_arts_and_cultural_heritage" title="Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the arts and cultural heritage">impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the arts and cultural heritage</a>. It was closed for six months during French coronavirus lockdowns and saw visitor numbers plunge to 2.7 million in 2020, from 9.6 million in 2019 and 10.2 million in 2018, which was a record year.<a href="#cite_note-79">[79]</a><a href="#cite_note-80">[80]</a> In preparation for the <a href="/wiki/2024_Summer_Olympics" title="2024 Summer Olympics">2024 Olympics</a>, the Louvre staged an exhibit about the Games' history that links their ancient beginnings to the modern era.<a href="#cite_note-81">[81]</a><div style="clear:both;" class=""></div> Attendance rose to 8.9 million in 2023, 14 percent above 2022, but still short of the record of 10.2 million in 2018.<a href="#cite_note-francetvinfo.fr-10">[10]</a><ul class="gallery mw-gallery-packed"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 182px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 180px;"><a href="/wiki/File:Pavillon_des_Sessions_01.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="The Pavillon des Sessions's display of non-Western art from the Musée du Quai Branly, opened in 2000"><img alt="The Pavillon des Sessions's display of non-Western art from the Musée du Quai Branly, opened in 2000" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Pavillon_des_Sessions_01.jpg/270px-Pavillon_des_Sessions_01.jpg" decoding="async" width="180" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Pavillon_des_Sessions_01.jpg/405px-Pavillon_des_Sessions_01.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Pavillon_des_Sessions_01.jpg/541px-Pavillon_des_Sessions_01.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1798" data-file-height="1198" /></a></div> <div class="gallerytext">The Pavillon des Sessions's display of non-Western art from the <a href="/wiki/Mus%C3%A9e_du_Quai_Branly_%E2%80%93_Jacques_Chirac" title="Musée du Quai Branly – Jacques Chirac">Musée du Quai Branly</a>, opened in 2000</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 162px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 160px;"><a href="/wiki/File:Cour_Visconti_(Louvre)_D201512a.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="The Cour Visconti's ground floor covered to host the new Islamic Art Department in 2012"><img alt="The Cour Visconti's ground floor covered to host the new Islamic Art Department in 2012" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/Cour_Visconti_%28Louvre%29_D201512a.jpg/240px-Cour_Visconti_%28Louvre%29_D201512a.jpg" decoding="async" width="160" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/Cour_Visconti_%28Louvre%29_D201512a.jpg/360px-Cour_Visconti_%28Louvre%29_D201512a.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/Cour_Visconti_%28Louvre%29_D201512a.jpg/480px-Cour_Visconti_%28Louvre%29_D201512a.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2816" data-file-height="2112" /></a></div> <div class="gallerytext">The Cour Visconti's ground floor covered to host the new Islamic Art Department in 2012</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 182px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 180px;"><a href="/wiki/File:Les_arts_de_lIslam_au_Louvre_(8055981963).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Islamic art display in the covered Cour Visconti, 2012"><img alt="Islamic art display in the covered Cour Visconti, 2012" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Les_arts_de_lIslam_au_Louvre_%288055981963%29.jpg/270px-Les_arts_de_lIslam_au_Louvre_%288055981963%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="180" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Les_arts_de_lIslam_au_Louvre_%288055981963%29.jpg/405px-Les_arts_de_lIslam_au_Louvre_%288055981963%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Les_arts_de_lIslam_au_Louvre_%288055981963%29.jpg/540px-Les_arts_de_lIslam_au_Louvre_%288055981963%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1536" data-file-height="1024" /></a></div> <div class="gallerytext">Islamic art display in the covered Cour Visconti, 2012</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 182px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 180px;"><a href="/wiki/File:Louvre,_dipartimento_di_arte_islamica,_01.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="Underground display of the Islamic Art Department, 2012"><img alt="Underground display of the Islamic Art Department, 2012" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/Louvre%2C_dipartimento_di_arte_islamica%2C_01.JPG/270px-Louvre%2C_dipartimento_di_arte_islamica%2C_01.JPG" decoding="async" width="180" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/Louvre%2C_dipartimento_di_arte_islamica%2C_01.JPG/405px-Louvre%2C_dipartimento_di_arte_islamica%2C_01.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/Louvre%2C_dipartimento_di_arte_islamica%2C_01.JPG/540px-Louvre%2C_dipartimento_di_arte_islamica%2C_01.JPG 2x" data-file-width="3456" data-file-height="2304" /></a></div> <div class="gallerytext">Underground display of the Islamic Art Department, 2012 </div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Collections">Collections</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Louvre&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Collections">edit</a>]</div> The Musée du Louvre owns 615,797 objects<a href="#cite_note-rapport2019-1">[1]</a> of which 482,943 are accessible online since 24 March 2021<a href="#cite_note-82">[82]</a> and displays 35,000 works of art in eight curatorial departments.<a href="#cite_note-CollectionSize-2">[2]</a> The Louvre is home to one of the world's most extensive collections of art, including works from diverse cultures and time periods. Visitors can view iconic works like the <a href="/wiki/Mona_Lisa" title="Mona Lisa">Mona Lisa</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Winged_Victory_of_Samothrace" title="Winged Victory of Samothrace">Winged Victory of Samothrace</a>, as well as pieces from ancient civilizations such as Egypt, Greece, and Rome. The museum also features collections of decorative arts, Islamic art, and sculptures.<a href="#cite_note-83">[83]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Egyptian_antiquities">Egyptian antiquities</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Louvre&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Egyptian antiquities">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Department_of_Egyptian_Antiquities_of_the_Louvre" title="Department of Egyptian Antiquities of the Louvre">Department of Egyptian Antiquities of the Louvre</a></div> The department, comprising over 50,000 pieces,<a href="#cite_note-Mignot-21">[21]</a>: 74  includes artifacts from the <a href="/wiki/Nile" title="Nile">Nile</a> civilizations which date from 4,000 BC to the 4th century AD.<a href="#cite_note-Nave_42-84">[84]</a> The collection, among the world's largest, overviews Egyptian life spanning <a href="/wiki/Ancient_Egypt" title="Ancient Egypt">Ancient Egypt</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Middle_Kingdom_of_Egypt" title="Middle Kingdom of Egypt">Middle Kingdom</a>, the <a href="/wiki/New_Kingdom_of_Egypt" title="New Kingdom of Egypt">New Kingdom</a>, <a href="/wiki/Coptic_art" title="Coptic art">Coptic art</a>, and the <a href="/wiki/Roman_Egypt" title="Roman Egypt">Roman</a>, <a href="/wiki/History_of_Ptolemaic_Egypt" class="mw-redirect" title="History of Ptolemaic Egypt">Ptolemaic</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Byzantine" class="mw-redirect" title="Byzantine">Byzantine</a> periods.<a href="#cite_note-Nave_42-84">[84]</a> The department's origins lie in the royal collection, but it was augmented by Napoleon's 1798 expeditionary trip with <a href="/wiki/Dominique_Vivant" class="mw-redirect" title="Dominique Vivant">Dominique Vivant</a>, the future director of the Louvre.<a href="#cite_note-Mignot-21">[21]</a>: 76-77  After <a href="/wiki/Jean-Fran%C3%A7ois_Champollion" title="Jean-François Champollion">Jean-François Champollion</a> translated the <a href="/wiki/Rosetta_Stone" title="Rosetta Stone">Rosetta Stone</a>, <a href="/wiki/Charles_X_of_France" title="Charles X of France">Charles X</a> decreed that an Egyptian Antiquities department be created. Champollion advised the purchase of three collections, formed by <a href="/wiki/Edm%C3%A9-Antoine_Durand" title="Edmé-Antoine Durand">Edmé-Antoine Durand</a>, <a href="/wiki/Henry_Salt_(Egyptologist)" title="Henry Salt (Egyptologist)">Henry Salt</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Bernardino_Drovetti" title="Bernardino Drovetti">Bernardino Drovetti</a>; these additions added 7,000 works. Growth continued via acquisitions by <a href="/wiki/Auguste_Mariette" title="Auguste Mariette">Auguste Mariette</a>, founder of the <a href="/wiki/Egyptian_Museum" title="Egyptian Museum">Egyptian Museum</a> in Cairo. Mariette, after excavations at <a href="/wiki/Memphis,_Egypt" title="Memphis, Egypt">Memphis</a>, sent back crates of archaeological finds including <a href="/wiki/The_Seated_Scribe" title="The Seated Scribe">The Seated Scribe</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Mignot-21">[21]</a>: 76-77 <a href="#cite_note-Egyptian-85">[85]</a> Guarded by the <a href="/wiki/Great_Sphinx_of_Tanis" title="Great Sphinx of Tanis">Great Sphinx of Tanis</a>, the collection is housed in more than 20 rooms. Holdings include art, <a href="/wiki/Papyrus" title="Papyrus">papyrus</a> scrolls, mummies, tools, clothing, jewelry, games, musical instruments, and weapons.<a href="#cite_note-Mignot-21">[21]</a>: 76-77 <a href="#cite_note-Nave_42-84">[84]</a> Pieces from the ancient period include the <a href="/wiki/Gebel_el-Arak_Knife" title="Gebel el-Arak Knife">Gebel el-Arak Knife</a> from 3400 BC, The Seated Scribe, and the Head of King Djedefre. Middle Kingdom art, "known for its gold work and statues", moved from realism to idealization; this is exemplified by the <a href="/wiki/Schist" title="Schist">schist</a> statue of <a href="/wiki/Amenemhatankh" title="Amenemhatankh">Amenemhatankh</a> and the wooden Offering Bearer. The New Kingdom and Coptic Egyptian sections are deep, but the statue of the goddess <a href="/wiki/Nephthys" title="Nephthys">Nephthys</a> and the limestone depiction of the goddess <a href="/wiki/Hathor" title="Hathor">Hathor</a> demonstrate New Kingdom sentiment and wealth.<a href="#cite_note-Nave_42-84">[84]</a><a href="#cite_note-Egyptian-85">[85]</a> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 205px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 200px; height: 200px;"><a href="/wiki/File:Gebel_el-Arak_knife_mp3h8783-cropped.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="The Gebel el-Arak Knife; 3300-3200 BC; handle: elephant ivory, blade: flint; length: 25.8 cm"><img alt="The Gebel el-Arak Knife; 3300-3200 BC; handle: elephant ivory, blade: flint; length: 25.8 cm" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/Gebel_el-Arak_knife_mp3h8783-cropped.jpg/127px-Gebel_el-Arak_knife_mp3h8783-cropped.jpg" decoding="async" width="127" height="170" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/Gebel_el-Arak_knife_mp3h8783-cropped.jpg/191px-Gebel_el-Arak_knife_mp3h8783-cropped.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/Gebel_el-Arak_knife_mp3h8783-cropped.jpg/255px-Gebel_el-Arak_knife_mp3h8783-cropped.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2928" data-file-height="3904" /></a></div> <div class="gallerytext">The <a href="/wiki/Gebel_el-Arak_Knife" title="Gebel el-Arak Knife">Gebel el-Arak Knife</a>; 3300-3200 BC; handle: elephant ivory, blade: flint; length: 25.8 cm</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 205px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 200px; height: 200px;"><a href="/wiki/File:The_seated_scribe-E_3023-IMG_4267-gradient.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="The Seated Scribe; 2613–2494 BC; painted limestone and inlaid quartz; height: 53.7 cm"><img alt="The Seated Scribe; 2613–2494 BC; painted limestone and inlaid quartz; height: 53.7 cm" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1d/The_seated_scribe-E_3023-IMG_4267-gradient.jpg/170px-The_seated_scribe-E_3023-IMG_4267-gradient.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="170" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1d/The_seated_scribe-E_3023-IMG_4267-gradient.jpg/255px-The_seated_scribe-E_3023-IMG_4267-gradient.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1d/The_seated_scribe-E_3023-IMG_4267-gradient.jpg/340px-The_seated_scribe-E_3023-IMG_4267-gradient.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5000" data-file-height="5000" /></a></div> <div class="gallerytext"> <a href="/wiki/The_Seated_Scribe" title="The Seated Scribe">The Seated Scribe</a>; 2613–2494 BC; painted limestone and inlaid <a href="/wiki/Quartz" title="Quartz">quartz</a>; height: 53.7 cm</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 205px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 200px; height: 200px;"><a href="/wiki/File:Sphinx,_Louvre_15_June_2014.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="The Great Sphinx of Tanis; circa 2600 BC; rose granite; height: 183 cm, width: 154 cm, thickness: 480 cm"><img alt="The Great Sphinx of Tanis; circa 2600 BC; rose granite; height: 183 cm, width: 154 cm, thickness: 480 cm" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Sphinx%2C_Louvre_15_June_2014.jpg/170px-Sphinx%2C_Louvre_15_June_2014.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="113" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Sphinx%2C_Louvre_15_June_2014.jpg/255px-Sphinx%2C_Louvre_15_June_2014.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Sphinx%2C_Louvre_15_June_2014.jpg/340px-Sphinx%2C_Louvre_15_June_2014.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4272" data-file-height="2848" /></a></div> <div class="gallerytext">The <a href="/wiki/Great_Sphinx_of_Tanis" title="Great Sphinx of Tanis">Great Sphinx of Tanis</a>; circa 2600 BC; rose granite; height: 183 cm, width: 154 cm, thickness: 480 cm</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 205px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 200px; height: 200px;"><a href="/wiki/File:Akhenathon_and_Nefertiti_E15593_mp3h8771-gradient.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Akhenaten and Nefertiti; 1345 BC; painted limestone; height: 22.2 cm, width: 12.3 cm, thickness: 9.8 cm"><img alt="Akhenaten and Nefertiti; 1345 BC; painted limestone; height: 22.2 cm, width: 12.3 cm, thickness: 9.8 cm" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/Akhenathon_and_Nefertiti_E15593_mp3h8771-gradient.jpg/170px-Akhenathon_and_Nefertiti_E15593_mp3h8771-gradient.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="170" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/Akhenathon_and_Nefertiti_E15593_mp3h8771-gradient.jpg/255px-Akhenathon_and_Nefertiti_E15593_mp3h8771-gradient.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/Akhenathon_and_Nefertiti_E15593_mp3h8771-gradient.jpg/340px-Akhenathon_and_Nefertiti_E15593_mp3h8771-gradient.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3500" data-file-height="3500" /></a></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Akhenaten" title="Akhenaten">Akhenaten</a> and <a href="/wiki/Nefertiti" title="Nefertiti">Nefertiti</a>; 1345 BC; painted limestone; height: 22.2 cm, width: 12.3 cm, thickness: 9.8 cm</div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Near_Eastern_antiquities">Near Eastern antiquities</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Louvre&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Near Eastern antiquities">edit</a>]</div> Near Eastern antiquities, the second newest department, dates from 1881 and presents an overview of early Near Eastern civilization and "first settlements", before the arrival of <a href="/wiki/Islam" title="Islam">Islam</a>. The department is divided into three geographic areas: the <a href="/wiki/Levant" title="Levant">Levant</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mesopotamia" title="Mesopotamia">Mesopotamia</a> (Iraq), and Persia (Iran). The collection's development corresponds to archaeological work such as <a href="/wiki/Paul-%C3%89mile_Botta" title="Paul-Émile Botta">Paul-Émile Botta</a>'s 1843 expedition to <a href="/wiki/Khorsabad" class="mw-redirect" title="Khorsabad">Khorsabad</a> and the discovery of <a href="/wiki/Sargon_II" title="Sargon II">Sargon II</a>'s palace.<a href="#cite_note-Nave_42-84">[84]</a><a href="#cite_note-Mignot-21">[21]</a>: 119  These finds formed the basis of the Assyrian museum, the precursor to today's department.<a href="#cite_note-Nave_42-84">[84]</a> The museum contains exhibits from <a href="/wiki/Sumer" title="Sumer">Sumer</a> and the city of <a href="/wiki/Akkad_(city)" title="Akkad (city)">Akkad</a>, with monuments such as the Prince of Lagash's <a href="/wiki/Stele_of_the_Vultures" title="Stele of the Vultures">Stele of the Vultures</a> from 2450 BC and the <a href="/wiki/Stele" title="Stele">stele</a> erected by <a href="/wiki/Naram-Sin_of_Akkad" title="Naram-Sin of Akkad">Naram-Sin</a>, King of Akkad, to celebrate a victory over barbarians in the <a href="/wiki/Zagros_Mountains" title="Zagros Mountains">Zagros Mountains</a>. The 2.25-metre (7.38 ft) <a href="/wiki/Code_of_Hammurabi" title="Code of Hammurabi">Code of Hammurabi</a>, discovered in 1901, displays <a href="/wiki/Babylonian_Law" class="mw-redirect" title="Babylonian Law">Babylonian Laws</a> prominently, so that no man could plead their ignorance. The 18th-century BC mural of the <a href="/wiki/Investiture_of_Zimrilim" class="mw-redirect" title="Investiture of Zimrilim">Investiture of Zimrilim</a> and the 25th-century BC <a href="/wiki/Statue_of_Ebih-Il" title="Statue of Ebih-Il">Statue of Ebih-Il</a> found in the ancient city-state of <a href="/wiki/Mari,_Syria" title="Mari, Syria">Mari</a> are also on display at the museum.<a href="#cite_note-86">[86]</a> A significant portion of the department covers the ancient <a href="/wiki/Levant" title="Levant">Levant</a>, including the <a href="/wiki/Sarcophagus_of_Eshmunazar_II" title="Sarcophagus of Eshmunazar II">Sarcophagus of Eshmunazar II</a> discovered in 1855, which catalyzed <a href="/wiki/Ernest_Renan" title="Ernest Renan">Ernest Renan</a>'s 1860 <a href="/wiki/Mission_de_Ph%C3%A9nicie" title="Mission de Phénicie">Mission de Phénicie</a>. It contains one of the world's largest and most comprehensive collections of <a href="/wiki/Canaanite_and_Aramaic_inscriptions" title="Canaanite and Aramaic inscriptions">Canaanite and Aramaic inscriptions</a>. The section also covers North African Punic antiquities (Punic = Western Phoenician), given the significant French presence in the region in the 19th century, with early finds including the 1843 discovery of the <a href="/wiki/Ain_Nechma_inscriptions" title="Ain Nechma inscriptions">Ain Nechma inscriptions</a>. The Persian portion of Louvre contains work from the archaic period, like the Funerary Head and the Persian Archers of Darius I,<a href="#cite_note-Nave_42-84">[84]</a><a href="#cite_note-Near_East-87">[87]</a> and rare objects from <a href="/wiki/Persepolis" title="Persepolis">Persepolis</a>.<a href="#cite_note-88">[88]</a> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 205px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 200px; height: 200px;"><a href="/wiki/File:Eshmunazar_II_sarcophagus_(cleaned_up).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Sarcophagus of Eshmunazar II, one of only three Ancient Egyptian sarcophagi found outside Egypt, and the first Phoenician inscription discovered in Phoenicia"><img alt="Sarcophagus of Eshmunazar II, one of only three Ancient Egyptian sarcophagi found outside Egypt, and the first Phoenician inscription discovered in Phoenicia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Eshmunazar_II_sarcophagus_%28cleaned_up%29.jpg/94px-Eshmunazar_II_sarcophagus_%28cleaned_up%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="94" height="170" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Eshmunazar_II_sarcophagus_%28cleaned_up%29.jpg/141px-Eshmunazar_II_sarcophagus_%28cleaned_up%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Eshmunazar_II_sarcophagus_%28cleaned_up%29.jpg/188px-Eshmunazar_II_sarcophagus_%28cleaned_up%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1561" data-file-height="2823" /></a></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Sarcophagus_of_Eshmunazar_II" title="Sarcophagus of Eshmunazar II">Sarcophagus of Eshmunazar II</a>, one of only three Ancient Egyptian sarcophagi found outside Egypt, and the first Phoenician inscription discovered in Phoenicia</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 205px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 200px; height: 200px;"><a href="/wiki/File:Cup_Idalion_Louvre_N3455.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Phoenician metal bowls from Cyprus"><img alt="Phoenician metal bowls from Cyprus" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/Cup_Idalion_Louvre_N3455.jpg/170px-Cup_Idalion_Louvre_N3455.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="131" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/Cup_Idalion_Louvre_N3455.jpg/255px-Cup_Idalion_Louvre_N3455.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/Cup_Idalion_Louvre_N3455.jpg/340px-Cup_Idalion_Louvre_N3455.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3150" data-file-height="2420" /></a></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Phoenician_metal_bowls" title="Phoenician metal bowls">Phoenician metal bowls</a> from Cyprus</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 205px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 200px; height: 200px;"><a href="/wiki/File:Ebih-Il_Louvre_AO17551_n01.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="The Statue of Ebih-Il; circa 2400 BC; gypsum, schist, shells and lapis lazuli; height: 52.5 cm"><img alt="The Statue of Ebih-Il; circa 2400 BC; gypsum, schist, shells and lapis lazuli; height: 52.5 cm" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/Ebih-Il_Louvre_AO17551_n01.jpg/97px-Ebih-Il_Louvre_AO17551_n01.jpg" decoding="async" width="97" height="170" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/Ebih-Il_Louvre_AO17551_n01.jpg/146px-Ebih-Il_Louvre_AO17551_n01.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/Ebih-Il_Louvre_AO17551_n01.jpg/194px-Ebih-Il_Louvre_AO17551_n01.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2249" data-file-height="3934" /></a></div> <div class="gallerytext">The <a href="/wiki/Statue_of_Ebih-Il" title="Statue of Ebih-Il">Statue of Ebih-Il</a>; circa 2400 BC; <a href="/wiki/Gypsum" title="Gypsum">gypsum</a>, <a href="/wiki/Schist" title="Schist">schist</a>, shells and <a href="/wiki/Lapis_lazuli" title="Lapis lazuli">lapis lazuli</a>; height: 52.5 cm</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 205px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 200px; height: 200px;"><a href="/wiki/File:P1050763_Louvre_code_Hammurabi_face_rwk.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="The Code of Hammurabi; 1755–1750 BC; basalt; height: 225 cm, width: 79 cm, thickness: 47 cm"><img alt="The Code of Hammurabi; 1755–1750 BC; basalt; height: 225 cm, width: 79 cm, thickness: 47 cm" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/P1050763_Louvre_code_Hammurabi_face_rwk.JPG/103px-P1050763_Louvre_code_Hammurabi_face_rwk.JPG" decoding="async" width="103" height="170" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/P1050763_Louvre_code_Hammurabi_face_rwk.JPG/155px-P1050763_Louvre_code_Hammurabi_face_rwk.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/P1050763_Louvre_code_Hammurabi_face_rwk.JPG/206px-P1050763_Louvre_code_Hammurabi_face_rwk.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1215" data-file-height="2000" /></a></div> <div class="gallerytext">The <a href="/wiki/Code_of_Hammurabi" title="Code of Hammurabi">Code of Hammurabi</a>; 1755–1750 BC; <a href="/wiki/Basalt" title="Basalt">basalt</a>; height: 225 cm, width: 79 cm, thickness: 47 cm</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 205px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 200px; height: 200px;"><a href="/wiki/File:Human_headed_winged_bull_profile.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Assyrian lamassu (Human-headed winged bull); circa 713–716 BC; 4.2 x 4.4 x 1 m"><img alt="Assyrian lamassu (Human-headed winged bull); circa 713–716 BC; 4.2 x 4.4 x 1 m" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Human_headed_winged_bull_profile.jpg/170px-Human_headed_winged_bull_profile.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="163" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Human_headed_winged_bull_profile.jpg/255px-Human_headed_winged_bull_profile.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Human_headed_winged_bull_profile.jpg/340px-Human_headed_winged_bull_profile.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1438" /></a></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Assyria" title="Assyria">Assyrian</a> <a href="/wiki/Lamassu" title="Lamassu">lamassu</a> (Human-headed winged bull); circa 713–716 BC; 4.2 x 4.4 x 1 m</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 205px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 200px; height: 200px;"><a href="/wiki/File:Immortels_-_dynamosquito.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Frieze of archers, from the Palace of Darius at Susa; circa 510 BC; bricks"><img alt="Frieze of archers, from the Palace of Darius at Susa; circa 510 BC; bricks" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d8/Immortels_-_dynamosquito.jpg/170px-Immortels_-_dynamosquito.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="128" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d8/Immortels_-_dynamosquito.jpg/255px-Immortels_-_dynamosquito.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d8/Immortels_-_dynamosquito.jpg/340px-Immortels_-_dynamosquito.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3648" data-file-height="2736" /></a></div> <div class="gallerytext">Frieze of archers, from the <a href="/wiki/Palace_of_Darius" class="mw-redirect" title="Palace of Darius">Palace of Darius</a> at <a href="/wiki/Susa" title="Susa">Susa</a>; circa 510 BC; bricks</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 205px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 200px; height: 200px;"><a href="/wiki/File:Sidon_Mithraeum_%27Collection_P%C3%A9reti%C3%A9%27,_Louvre_(2014-02-02a).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Statues from the Sidon Mithraeum"><img alt="Statues from the Sidon Mithraeum" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/Sidon_Mithraeum_%27Collection_P%C3%A9reti%C3%A9%27%2C_Louvre_%282014-02-02a%29.jpg/170px-Sidon_Mithraeum_%27Collection_P%C3%A9reti%C3%A9%27%2C_Louvre_%282014-02-02a%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="113" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/Sidon_Mithraeum_%27Collection_P%C3%A9reti%C3%A9%27%2C_Louvre_%282014-02-02a%29.jpg/255px-Sidon_Mithraeum_%27Collection_P%C3%A9reti%C3%A9%27%2C_Louvre_%282014-02-02a%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/Sidon_Mithraeum_%27Collection_P%C3%A9reti%C3%A9%27%2C_Louvre_%282014-02-02a%29.jpg/340px-Sidon_Mithraeum_%27Collection_P%C3%A9reti%C3%A9%27%2C_Louvre_%282014-02-02a%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5683" data-file-height="3787" /></a></div> <div class="gallerytext">Statues from the <a href="/wiki/Sidon_Mithraeum" title="Sidon Mithraeum">Sidon Mithraeum</a></div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Greek,_Etruscan,_and_Roman">Greek, Etruscan, and Roman</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Louvre&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Greek, Etruscan, and Roman">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Greek_antiquities_in_the_Louvre_-_Room_340_D201903.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Greek_antiquities_in_the_Louvre_-_Room_340_D201903.jpg/220px-Greek_antiquities_in_the_Louvre_-_Room_340_D201903.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Greek_antiquities_in_the_Louvre_-_Room_340_D201903.jpg/330px-Greek_antiquities_in_the_Louvre_-_Room_340_D201903.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Greek_antiquities_in_the_Louvre_-_Room_340_D201903.jpg/440px-Greek_antiquities_in_the_Louvre_-_Room_340_D201903.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2816" data-file-height="2112" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Ancient_Greek_art" title="Ancient Greek art">Greek</a> antiquities in Room 11</figcaption></figure> The Greek, Etruscan, and Roman department displays pieces from the Mediterranean Basin dating from the <a href="/wiki/Neolithic" title="Neolithic">Neolithic</a> to the 6th century.<a href="#cite_note-GreekER-89">[89]</a> The collection spans from the <a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Cyclades" title="History of the Cyclades">Cycladic period</a> to the decline of the Roman Empire. This department is one of the museum's oldest, and contains works acquired by <a href="/wiki/Francis_I_of_France" title="Francis I of France">Francis I</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Nave_42-84">[84]</a><a href="#cite_note-Mignot-21">[21]</a>: 155-58  Initially, the collection focused on marble sculptures, such as the <a href="/wiki/Venus_de_Milo" title="Venus de Milo">Venus de Milo</a>. Works such as the <a href="/wiki/Apollo_Belvedere" title="Apollo Belvedere">Apollo Belvedere</a> arrived during the Napoleonic Wars, of which some were returned after Napoleon I's fall in 1815. Other works, such as the <a href="/wiki/Borghese_Vase" title="Borghese Vase">Borghese Vase</a>, were bought by Napoleon. Later in the 19th century, the Louvre acquired works including vases from the Durand collection and bronzes.<a href="#cite_note-Mignot-21">[21]</a>: 92 <a href="#cite_note-GreekER-89">[89]</a> The <a href="/wiki/Archaic_Greece" title="Archaic Greece">archaic</a> is demonstrated by jewellery and pieces such as the limestone <a href="/wiki/Lady_of_Auxerre" title="Lady of Auxerre">Lady of Auxerre</a>, from 640 BC; and the cylindrical <a href="/wiki/Hera" title="Hera">Hera</a> of Samos, c. 570–560 BC.<a href="#cite_note-Nave_42-84">[84]</a><a href="#cite_note-90">[90]</a> After the 4th century BC, focus on the human form increased, exemplified by the <a href="/wiki/Borghese_Gladiator" title="Borghese Gladiator">Borghese Gladiator</a>. The Louvre holds masterpieces from the <a href="/wiki/Hellenistic" class="mw-redirect" title="Hellenistic">Hellenistic</a> era, including The Winged Victory of Samothrace (190 BC) and the Venus de Milo, symbolic of classical art.<a href="#cite_note-Mignot-21">[21]</a>: 155  The long Galerie Campana displays an outstanding collection of more than one thousand <a href="/wiki/Greek_pottery" class="mw-redirect" title="Greek pottery">Greek potteries</a>. In the galleries paralleling the Seine, much of the museum's Roman sculpture is displayed.<a href="#cite_note-GreekER-89">[89]</a> The Roman portraiture is representative of that genre; examples include the portraits of <a href="/wiki/Marcus_Vipsanius_Agrippa" title="Marcus Vipsanius Agrippa">Agrippa</a> and <a href="/wiki/Marcus_Annius_Verus_(disambiguation)" class="mw-redirect mw-disambig" title="Marcus Annius Verus (disambiguation)">Annius Verus</a>; among the bronzes is the Greek <a href="/wiki/Apollo_of_Piombino" title="Apollo of Piombino">Apollo of Piombino</a>. <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-packed"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 114px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 112px;"><a href="/wiki/File:Head_figurine_Spedos_Louvre_Ma2709.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Cycladic head of a woman; 27th century BC; marble; height: 27 cm"><img alt="Cycladic head of a woman; 27th century BC; marble; height: 27 cm" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Head_figurine_Spedos_Louvre_Ma2709.jpg/168px-Head_figurine_Spedos_Louvre_Ma2709.jpg" decoding="async" width="112" height="170" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Head_figurine_Spedos_Louvre_Ma2709.jpg/253px-Head_figurine_Spedos_Louvre_Ma2709.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Head_figurine_Spedos_Louvre_Ma2709.jpg/336px-Head_figurine_Spedos_Louvre_Ma2709.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1930" data-file-height="2925" /></a></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Cycladic_art" title="Cycladic art">Cycladic</a> head of a woman; 27th century BC; marble; height: 27 cm</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 146px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 144px;"><a href="/wiki/File:Crater_Actaeon_Louvre_CA3482.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Volute krater that depicts Actaeon's death; circa 450–440 BC; ceramic; height: 51 cm, diameter: 33.1 cm"><img alt="Volute krater that depicts Actaeon's death; circa 450–440 BC; ceramic; height: 51 cm, diameter: 33.1 cm" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Crater_Actaeon_Louvre_CA3482.jpg/216px-Crater_Actaeon_Louvre_CA3482.jpg" decoding="async" width="144" height="170" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Crater_Actaeon_Louvre_CA3482.jpg/324px-Crater_Actaeon_Louvre_CA3482.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Crater_Actaeon_Louvre_CA3482.jpg/432px-Crater_Actaeon_Louvre_CA3482.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1770" data-file-height="2090" /></a></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Volute" title="Volute">Volute</a> <a href="/wiki/Krater" title="Krater">krater</a> that depicts <a href="/wiki/Actaeon" title="Actaeon">Actaeon</a>'s death; circa 450–440 BC; ceramic; height: 51 cm, diameter: 33.1 cm</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 129.33333333333px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 127.33333333333px;"><a href="/wiki/File:Victoire_de_Samothrace_-_vue_de_trois-quart_gauche,_gros_plan_de_la_statue_(2).JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="The Winged Victory of Samothrace; 200–190 BC; Parian marble; 244 cm"><img alt="The Winged Victory of Samothrace; 200–190 BC; Parian marble; 244 cm" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/57/Victoire_de_Samothrace_-_vue_de_trois-quart_gauche%2C_gros_plan_de_la_statue_%282%29.JPG/191px-Victoire_de_Samothrace_-_vue_de_trois-quart_gauche%2C_gros_plan_de_la_statue_%282%29.JPG" decoding="async" width="128" height="170" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/57/Victoire_de_Samothrace_-_vue_de_trois-quart_gauche%2C_gros_plan_de_la_statue_%282%29.JPG/287px-Victoire_de_Samothrace_-_vue_de_trois-quart_gauche%2C_gros_plan_de_la_statue_%282%29.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/57/Victoire_de_Samothrace_-_vue_de_trois-quart_gauche%2C_gros_plan_de_la_statue_%282%29.JPG/382px-Victoire_de_Samothrace_-_vue_de_trois-quart_gauche%2C_gros_plan_de_la_statue_%282%29.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2304" data-file-height="3072" /></a></div> <div class="gallerytext">The <a href="/wiki/Winged_Victory_of_Samothrace" title="Winged Victory of Samothrace">Winged Victory of Samothrace</a>; 200–190 BC; <a href="/wiki/Parian_marble" title="Parian marble">Parian marble</a>; 244 cm</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 92px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 90px;"><a href="/wiki/File:Front_views_of_the_Venus_de_Milo.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Venus de Milo; 130–100 BC; marble; height: 203 cm"><img alt="Venus de Milo; 130–100 BC; marble; height: 203 cm" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Front_views_of_the_Venus_de_Milo.jpg/135px-Front_views_of_the_Venus_de_Milo.jpg" decoding="async" width="90" height="170" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Front_views_of_the_Venus_de_Milo.jpg/203px-Front_views_of_the_Venus_de_Milo.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Front_views_of_the_Venus_de_Milo.jpg/271px-Front_views_of_the_Venus_de_Milo.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3088" data-file-height="5808" /></a></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Venus_de_Milo" title="Venus de Milo">Venus de Milo</a>; 130–100 BC; marble; height: 203 cm</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 228.66666666667px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 226.66666666667px;"><a href="/wiki/File:Las_Incantadas_(Louvre)_4.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Las Incantadas, sculptures from a portico that adorned the Roman Forum of Thessalonica, 150-230 AD[91]"><img alt="Las Incantadas, sculptures from a portico that adorned the Roman Forum of Thessalonica, 150-230 AD[91]" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Las_Incantadas_%28Louvre%29_4.jpg/340px-Las_Incantadas_%28Louvre%29_4.jpg" decoding="async" width="227" height="170" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Las_Incantadas_%28Louvre%29_4.jpg/511px-Las_Incantadas_%28Louvre%29_4.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Las_Incantadas_%28Louvre%29_4.jpg/680px-Las_Incantadas_%28Louvre%29_4.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4288" data-file-height="3216" /></a></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Las_Incantadas" title="Las Incantadas">Las Incantadas</a>, sculptures from a <a href="/wiki/Portico" title="Portico">portico</a> that adorned the <a href="/wiki/Roman_Forum_(Thessaloniki)" title="Roman Forum (Thessaloniki)">Roman Forum</a> of <a href="/wiki/Thessalonica" class="mw-redirect" title="Thessalonica">Thessalonica</a>, 150-230 AD<a href="#cite_note-91">[91]</a></div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Islamic_art">Islamic art</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Louvre&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Islamic art">edit</a>]</div> The Islamic art collection, the museum's newest, spans "thirteen centuries and three continents".<a href="#cite_note-Islam-92">[92]</a> These exhibits, of ceramics, glass, metalware, wood, ivory, carpet, textiles, and miniatures, include more than 5,000 works and 1,000 shards.<a href="#cite_note-Ahlund-93">[93]</a> Originally part of the decorative arts department, the holdings became separate in 2003. Among the works are the <a href="/wiki/Pyxis_of_al-Mughira" title="Pyxis of al-Mughira">Pyxide d'al-Mughira</a>, a 10th century ivory box from <a href="/wiki/Andalusia" title="Andalusia">Andalusia</a>; the Baptistery of Saint-Louis, an engraved brass basin from the 13th or 14th century <a href="/wiki/Mamluk_Sultanate_(Cairo)" class="mw-redirect" title="Mamluk Sultanate (Cairo)">Mamluk</a> period; and the 10th century <a href="/wiki/Suaire_de_Saint-Josse" title="Suaire de Saint-Josse">Shroud of Saint-Josse</a> from Iran.<a href="#cite_note-Mignot-21">[21]</a>: 119-121 <a href="#cite_note-Islam-92">[92]</a> The collection contains three pages of the <a href="/wiki/Shahnameh" title="Shahnameh">Shahnameh</a>, an epic book of poems by <a href="/wiki/Ferdowsi" title="Ferdowsi">Ferdowsi</a> in Persian, and a Syrian metalwork named the Barberini Vase.<a href="#cite_note-Ahlund-93">[93]</a> In September 2019, a new and improved Islamic art department was opened by Princess <a href="/wiki/Lamia_bint_Majed_Al_Saud" class="mw-redirect" title="Lamia bint Majed Al Saud">Lamia bint Majed Al Saud</a>. The new department exhibits 3,000 pieces were collected from Spain to India via the Arabian peninsula dating from the 7th to the 19th centuries.<a href="#cite_note-94">[94]</a> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 205px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 200px; height: 200px;"><a href="/wiki/File:Spagna,_cordoba,_pisside_col_nome_di_al-mughina,_avorio,_X_sec._04.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="The Pyxis of al-Mughira; 10th century (maybe 968); ivory; 15 x 8 cm"><img alt="The Pyxis of al-Mughira; 10th century (maybe 968); ivory; 15 x 8 cm" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Spagna%2C_cordoba%2C_pisside_col_nome_di_al-mughina%2C_avorio%2C_X_sec._04.JPG/126px-Spagna%2C_cordoba%2C_pisside_col_nome_di_al-mughina%2C_avorio%2C_X_sec._04.JPG" decoding="async" width="126" height="170" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Spagna%2C_cordoba%2C_pisside_col_nome_di_al-mughina%2C_avorio%2C_X_sec._04.JPG/189px-Spagna%2C_cordoba%2C_pisside_col_nome_di_al-mughina%2C_avorio%2C_X_sec._04.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Spagna%2C_cordoba%2C_pisside_col_nome_di_al-mughina%2C_avorio%2C_X_sec._04.JPG/252px-Spagna%2C_cordoba%2C_pisside_col_nome_di_al-mughina%2C_avorio%2C_X_sec._04.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2072" data-file-height="2792" /></a></div> <div class="gallerytext">The <a href="/wiki/Pyxis_of_al-Mughira" title="Pyxis of al-Mughira">Pyxis of al-Mughira</a>; 10th century (maybe 968); ivory; 15 x 8 cm</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 205px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 200px; height: 200px;"><a href="/wiki/File:Tile_with_bismillah_Louvre_AD28001a.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Iranian tile with bismillah; turn of the 13th-14th century; molded ceramic, luster glaze and glaze"><img alt="Iranian tile with bismillah; turn of the 13th-14th century; molded ceramic, luster glaze and glaze" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/Tile_with_bismillah_Louvre_AD28001a.jpg/170px-Tile_with_bismillah_Louvre_AD28001a.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="170" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/Tile_with_bismillah_Louvre_AD28001a.jpg/255px-Tile_with_bismillah_Louvre_AD28001a.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/Tile_with_bismillah_Louvre_AD28001a.jpg/340px-Tile_with_bismillah_Louvre_AD28001a.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5000" data-file-height="5000" /></a></div> <div class="gallerytext">Iranian tile with bismillah; turn of the 13th-14th century; molded ceramic, luster glaze and <a href="/wiki/Glaze_(painting_technique)" title="Glaze (painting technique)">glaze</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 205px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 200px; height: 200px;"><a href="/wiki/File:Siria,_bacile_detto_battistero_di_s.luigi,_1320-40_ca,_firmato_muhammad_ibn_al-zayn,_con_restauri_del_1821,_ottone_incr._d%27oro,_arge_e_pasta_nera_01.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="The Baptistère de Saint Louis; by Muhammad ibn al-Zayn; 1320–1340; hammering, engraving, inlay in brass, gold, and silver; 50.2 x 22.2 cm"><img alt="The Baptistère de Saint Louis; by Muhammad ibn al-Zayn; 1320–1340; hammering, engraving, inlay in brass, gold, and silver; 50.2 x 22.2 cm" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Siria%2C_bacile_detto_battistero_di_s.luigi%2C_1320-40_ca%2C_firmato_muhammad_ibn_al-zayn%2C_con_restauri_del_1821%2C_ottone_incr._d%27oro%2C_arge_e_pasta_nera_01.JPG/170px-Siria%2C_bacile_detto_battistero_di_s.luigi%2C_1320-40_ca%2C_firmato_muhammad_ibn_al-zayn%2C_con_restauri_del_1821%2C_ottone_incr._d%27oro%2C_arge_e_pasta_nera_01.JPG" decoding="async" width="170" height="113" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Siria%2C_bacile_detto_battistero_di_s.luigi%2C_1320-40_ca%2C_firmato_muhammad_ibn_al-zayn%2C_con_restauri_del_1821%2C_ottone_incr._d%27oro%2C_arge_e_pasta_nera_01.JPG/255px-Siria%2C_bacile_detto_battistero_di_s.luigi%2C_1320-40_ca%2C_firmato_muhammad_ibn_al-zayn%2C_con_restauri_del_1821%2C_ottone_incr._d%27oro%2C_arge_e_pasta_nera_01.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Siria%2C_bacile_detto_battistero_di_s.luigi%2C_1320-40_ca%2C_firmato_muhammad_ibn_al-zayn%2C_con_restauri_del_1821%2C_ottone_incr._d%27oro%2C_arge_e_pasta_nera_01.JPG/340px-Siria%2C_bacile_detto_battistero_di_s.luigi%2C_1320-40_ca%2C_firmato_muhammad_ibn_al-zayn%2C_con_restauri_del_1821%2C_ottone_incr._d%27oro%2C_arge_e_pasta_nera_01.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2724" data-file-height="1815" /></a></div> <div class="gallerytext">The <a href="/wiki/Baptist%C3%A8re_de_Saint_Louis" title="Baptistère de Saint Louis">Baptistère de Saint Louis</a>; by Muhammad ibn al-Zayn; 1320–1340; hammering, engraving, inlay in brass, gold, and silver; 50.2 x 22.2 cm</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 205px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 200px; height: 200px;"><a href="/wiki/File:Door_Louvre_AA320_n01.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Door; 15th-16th century; sculpted, painted and gilded walnut wood"><img alt="Door; 15th-16th century; sculpted, painted and gilded walnut wood" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/Door_Louvre_AA320_n01.jpg/95px-Door_Louvre_AA320_n01.jpg" decoding="async" width="95" height="170" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/Door_Louvre_AA320_n01.jpg/143px-Door_Louvre_AA320_n01.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/Door_Louvre_AA320_n01.jpg/191px-Door_Louvre_AA320_n01.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2802" data-file-height="4982" /></a></div> <div class="gallerytext">Door; 15th-16th century; sculpted, painted and gilded walnut wood</div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Sculptures">Sculptures</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Louvre&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Sculptures">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/List_of_works_in_the_Louvre" title="List of works in the Louvre">List of works in the Louvre</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Louvre-CourMarly.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Louvre-CourMarly.jpg/220px-Louvre-CourMarly.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Louvre-CourMarly.jpg/330px-Louvre-CourMarly.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Louvre-CourMarly.jpg/440px-Louvre-CourMarly.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4272" data-file-height="2848" /></a><figcaption>The Cour Marly of the Louvre, where many French sculptures are exhibited</figcaption></figure> The sculpture department consists of works created before 1850 not belonging in the Etruscan, Greek, and Roman department.<a href="#cite_note-Sculpture-95">[95]</a> The Louvre has been a repository of sculpted material since its time as a palace; however, only ancient architecture was displayed until 1824, except for <a href="/wiki/Michelangelo" title="Michelangelo">Michelangelo</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Dying_Slave" title="Dying Slave">Dying Slave</a> and Rebellious Slave.<a href="#cite_note-Mignot-21">[21]</a>: 397-401  Initially the collection included only 100 pieces, the rest of the royal sculpture collection being at Versailles. It remained small until 1847, when Léon Laborde was given control of the department. Laborde developed the medieval section and purchased the first such statues and sculptures in the collection, <a href="/wiki/Childebert_I" title="Childebert I">King Childebert</a> and stanga door, respectively.<a href="#cite_note-Mignot-21">[21]</a>: 397-401  The collection was part of the Department of Antiquities but was given autonomy in 1871 under <a href="/wiki/Louis_Courajod" title="Louis Courajod">Louis Courajod</a>, a director who organized a wider representation of French works.<a href="#cite_note-Sculpture-95">[95]</a><a href="#cite_note-Mignot-21">[21]</a>: 397-401  In 1986, all post-1850 works were relocated to the new Musée d'Orsay. The Grand Louvre project separated the department into two exhibition spaces; the French collection is displayed in the Richelieu Wing, and foreign works in the Denon Wing.<a href="#cite_note-Sculpture-95">[95]</a> The collection's overview of French sculpture contains <a href="/wiki/Romanesque_art" title="Romanesque art">Romanesque</a> works such as the 11th-century Daniel in the Lions' Den and the 12th-century Virgin of Auvergne. In the 16th century, Renaissance influence caused French sculpture to become more restrained, as seen in <a href="/wiki/Jean_Goujon" title="Jean Goujon">Jean Goujon</a>'s bas-reliefs, and <a href="/wiki/Germain_Pilon" title="Germain Pilon">Germain Pilon</a>'s Descent from the Cross and Resurrection of Christ. The 17th and 18th centuries are represented by <a href="/wiki/Gian_Lorenzo_Bernini" title="Gian Lorenzo Bernini">Gian Lorenzo Bernini</a>'s 1640–1 <a href="/wiki/Bust_of_Cardinal_Richelieu" title="Bust of Cardinal Richelieu">Bust of Cardinal Richelieu</a>, <a href="/wiki/%C3%89tienne_Maurice_Falconet" title="Étienne Maurice Falconet">Étienne Maurice Falconet</a>'s Woman Bathing and Amour menaçant, and <a href="/wiki/Fran%C3%A7ois_and_Michel_Anguier" title="François and Michel Anguier">François Anguier</a>'s obelisks. <a href="/wiki/Neoclassicism" title="Neoclassicism">Neoclassical</a> works includes <a href="/wiki/Antonio_Canova" title="Antonio Canova">Antonio Canova</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Psyche_Revived_by_Cupid%27s_Kiss" title="Psyche Revived by Cupid's Kiss">Psyche Revived by Cupid's Kiss</a> (1787).<a href="#cite_note-Mignot-21">[21]</a>: 397-401  The 18th and 19th centuries are represented by the French sculptors like <a href="/wiki/Alfred_Barye" title="Alfred Barye">Alfred Barye</a> and <a href="/wiki/%C3%89mile_Guillemin" title="Émile Guillemin">Émile Guillemin</a>. <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 205px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 200px; height: 200px;"><a href="/wiki/File:Tomb_of_Philippe_Pot,_Right_Side_-_Louvre,_Room_10.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="The Tomb of Philippe Pot; 1477 and 1483; limestone, paint, gold and lead; height: 181 cm, width: 260 cm, depth: 167 cm"><img alt="The Tomb of Philippe Pot; 1477 and 1483; limestone, paint, gold and lead; height: 181 cm, width: 260 cm, depth: 167 cm" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Tomb_of_Philippe_Pot%2C_Right_Side_-_Louvre%2C_Room_10.jpg/170px-Tomb_of_Philippe_Pot%2C_Right_Side_-_Louvre%2C_Room_10.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="111" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Tomb_of_Philippe_Pot%2C_Right_Side_-_Louvre%2C_Room_10.jpg/255px-Tomb_of_Philippe_Pot%2C_Right_Side_-_Louvre%2C_Room_10.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Tomb_of_Philippe_Pot%2C_Right_Side_-_Louvre%2C_Room_10.jpg/340px-Tomb_of_Philippe_Pot%2C_Right_Side_-_Louvre%2C_Room_10.jpg 2x" data-file-width="7674" data-file-height="5000" /></a></div> <div class="gallerytext">The <a href="/wiki/Tomb_of_Philippe_Pot" title="Tomb of Philippe Pot">Tomb of Philippe Pot</a>; 1477 and 1483; limestone, paint, gold and lead; height: 181 cm, width: 260 cm, depth: 167 cm</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 205px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 200px; height: 200px;"><a href="/wiki/File:Fame_riding_Pegasus_Coysevox_Louvre_MR1824.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="The King's Fame Riding Pegasus; by Antoine Coysevox; 1701–1702; Carrara marble; height: 3.15 m, width: 2.91 m, depth: 1.28 m"><img alt="The King's Fame Riding Pegasus; by Antoine Coysevox; 1701–1702; Carrara marble; height: 3.15 m, width: 2.91 m, depth: 1.28 m" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/Fame_riding_Pegasus_Coysevox_Louvre_MR1824.jpg/162px-Fame_riding_Pegasus_Coysevox_Louvre_MR1824.jpg" decoding="async" width="162" height="170" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/Fame_riding_Pegasus_Coysevox_Louvre_MR1824.jpg/242px-Fame_riding_Pegasus_Coysevox_Louvre_MR1824.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/Fame_riding_Pegasus_Coysevox_Louvre_MR1824.jpg/323px-Fame_riding_Pegasus_Coysevox_Louvre_MR1824.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2200" data-file-height="2315" /></a></div> <div class="gallerytext">The King's Fame Riding Pegasus; by <a href="/wiki/Antoine_Coysevox" title="Antoine Coysevox">Antoine Coysevox</a>; 1701–1702; <a href="/wiki/Carrara" title="Carrara">Carrara</a> marble; height: 3.15 m, width: 2.91 m, depth: 1.28 m</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 205px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 200px; height: 200px;"><a href="/wiki/File:Louvre_seine_marne_mr1801.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Group sculpture; by Nicolas Coustou; 1701–1712; marble; height: 2.44 m"><img alt="Group sculpture; by Nicolas Coustou; 1701–1712; marble; height: 2.44 m" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/57/Louvre_seine_marne_mr1801.jpg/170px-Louvre_seine_marne_mr1801.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="157" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/57/Louvre_seine_marne_mr1801.jpg/255px-Louvre_seine_marne_mr1801.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/57/Louvre_seine_marne_mr1801.jpg/340px-Louvre_seine_marne_mr1801.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2103" data-file-height="1941" /></a></div> <div class="gallerytext">Group sculpture; by <a href="/wiki/Nicolas_Coustou" title="Nicolas Coustou">Nicolas Coustou</a>; 1701–1712; marble; height: 2.44 m</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 205px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 200px; height: 200px;"><a href="/wiki/File:Louis_XV_Coustou_Louvre_MR1811.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Louis XV as Jupiter; 1731; probably marble; height: 1.95 m, width: 1.20 m, depth: 68 cm"><img alt="Louis XV as Jupiter; 1731; probably marble; height: 1.95 m, width: 1.20 m, depth: 68 cm" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/Louis_XV_Coustou_Louvre_MR1811.jpg/113px-Louis_XV_Coustou_Louvre_MR1811.jpg" decoding="async" width="113" height="170" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/Louis_XV_Coustou_Louvre_MR1811.jpg/169px-Louis_XV_Coustou_Louvre_MR1811.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/Louis_XV_Coustou_Louvre_MR1811.jpg/225px-Louis_XV_Coustou_Louvre_MR1811.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1770" data-file-height="2670" /></a></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Louis_XV" title="Louis XV">Louis XV</a> as <a href="/wiki/Jupiter_(god)" title="Jupiter (god)">Jupiter</a>; 1731; probably marble; height: 1.95 m, width: 1.20 m, depth: 68 cm</div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Decorative_arts">Decorative arts</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Louvre&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Decorative arts">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1237032888/mw-parser-output/.tmulti"><div class="thumb tmulti tright"><div class="thumbinner multiimageinner" style="width:267px;max-width:267px"><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:139px;max-width:139px"><div class="thumbimage" style="height:91px;overflow:hidden"><a href="/wiki/File:Appartements_Napol%C3%A9on_III.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Appartements_Napol%C3%A9on_III.jpg/137px-Appartements_Napol%C3%A9on_III.jpg" decoding="async" width="137" height="91" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Appartements_Napol%C3%A9on_III.jpg/206px-Appartements_Napol%C3%A9on_III.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Appartements_Napol%C3%A9on_III.jpg/274px-Appartements_Napol%C3%A9on_III.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3888" data-file-height="2592" /></a></div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:124px;max-width:124px"><div class="thumbimage" style="height:91px;overflow:hidden"><a href="/wiki/File:Apartamentos_de_Napole%C3%A3o_(3666688904).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Apartamentos_de_Napole%C3%A3o_%283666688904%29.jpg/122px-Apartamentos_de_Napole%C3%A3o_%283666688904%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="122" height="92" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Apartamentos_de_Napole%C3%A3o_%283666688904%29.jpg/183px-Apartamentos_de_Napole%C3%A3o_%283666688904%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Apartamentos_de_Napole%C3%A3o_%283666688904%29.jpg/244px-Apartamentos_de_Napole%C3%A3o_%283666688904%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1200" /></a></div></div></div><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:131px;max-width:131px"><div class="thumbimage" style="height:85px;overflow:hidden"><a href="/wiki/File:Napoleon_III_Apartments_(44883695984).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/Napoleon_III_Apartments_%2844883695984%29.jpg/129px-Napoleon_III_Apartments_%2844883695984%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="129" height="86" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/Napoleon_III_Apartments_%2844883695984%29.jpg/194px-Napoleon_III_Apartments_%2844883695984%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/Napoleon_III_Apartments_%2844883695984%29.jpg/258px-Napoleon_III_Apartments_%2844883695984%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5314" data-file-height="3543" /></a></div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:132px;max-width:132px"><div class="thumbimage" style="height:85px;overflow:hidden"><a href="/wiki/File:LouvreSalle543_a.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/LouvreSalle543_a.jpg/130px-LouvreSalle543_a.jpg" decoding="async" width="130" height="86" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/LouvreSalle543_a.jpg/195px-LouvreSalle543_a.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/LouvreSalle543_a.jpg/260px-LouvreSalle543_a.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5000" data-file-height="3289" /></a></div></div></div><div class="trow" style="display:flex"><div class="thumbcaption">Some of the <a href="/wiki/Second_Empire_style" title="Second Empire style">Second Empire style</a> rooms of the apartments of <a href="/wiki/Napoleon_III" title="Napoleon III">Napoleon III</a></div></div></div></div> The <a href="/wiki/Objet_d%27art" title="Objet d'art">Objets d'art</a> collection spans the time from the Middle Ages to the mid-19th century. The department began as a subset of the sculpture department, based on royal property and the transfer of work from the <a href="/wiki/Basilique_Saint-Denis" class="mw-redirect" title="Basilique Saint-Denis">Basilique Saint-Denis</a>, the burial ground of French monarchs that held the Coronation Sword of the Kings of France.<a href="#cite_note-Nave_130-96">[96]</a><a href="#cite_note-Mignot-21">[21]</a>: 451-454  Among the budding collection's most prized works were <a href="/wiki/Pietre_dure" class="mw-redirect" title="Pietre dure">pietre dure</a> vases and bronzes. The Durand collection's 1825 acquisition added "ceramics, enamels, and stained glass", and 800 pieces were given by Pierre Révoil. The onset of <a href="/wiki/Romanticism" title="Romanticism">Romanticism</a> rekindled interest in <a href="/wiki/Renaissance" title="Renaissance">Renaissance</a> and <a href="/wiki/Medieval" class="mw-redirect" title="Medieval">Medieval</a> artwork, and the Sauvageot donation expanded the department with 1,500 middle-age and <a href="/wiki/Faience" title="Faience">faïence</a> works. In 1862, the <a href="/wiki/Campana_collection" class="mw-redirect" title="Campana collection">Campana collection</a> added gold jewelry and maiolicas, mainly from the 15th and 16th centuries.<a href="#cite_note-Mignot-21">[21]</a>: 451-454 <a href="#cite_note-97">[97]</a> The works are displayed on the Richelieu Wing's first floor and in the Apollo Gallery, named by the painter Charles Le Brun, who was commissioned by Louis XIV (the Sun King) to decorate the space in a solar theme. The medieval collection contains the coronation crown of Louis XV, <a href="/wiki/Charles_V_of_France" title="Charles V of France">Charles V's</a> sceptre, and the 12th century porphyry vase.<a href="#cite_note-98">[98]</a> The Renaissance art holdings include <a href="/wiki/Giambologna" title="Giambologna">Giambologna</a>'s bronze Nessus and Deianira and the tapestry Maximillian's Hunt.<a href="#cite_note-Nave_130-96">[96]</a> From later periods, highlights include <a href="/wiki/Madame_de_Pompadour" title="Madame de Pompadour">Madame de Pompadour</a>'s <a href="/wiki/S%C3%A8vres" title="Sèvres">Sèvres</a> vase collection and <a href="/wiki/Napoleon_III_of_France" class="mw-redirect" title="Napoleon III of France">Napoleon III</a>'s apartments.<a href="#cite_note-Nave_130-96">[96]</a> In September 2000, the Louvre Museum dedicated the <a href="/wiki/Gilbert_R._Chagoury" class="mw-redirect" title="Gilbert R. Chagoury">Gilbert Chagoury</a> and Rose-Marie Chagoury Gallery to display tapestries donated by the Chagourys, including a 16th-century six-part tapestry suite, sewn with gold and silver threads representing sea divinities, which was commissioned in Paris for <a href="/wiki/Jean-Baptiste_Colbert,_Marquis_de_Seignelay" class="mw-redirect" title="Jean-Baptiste Colbert, Marquis de Seignelay">Colbert de Seignelay</a>, Secretary of State for the Navy. <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 205px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 200px; height: 200px;"><a href="/wiki/File:Armoire_Louvre_OA_6968.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Henry II style wardrobe; c. 1580; walnut and oak, partially gilded and painted; height: 2.06 m, width: 1.50 m, depth: 0.60 m[99]"><img alt="Henry II style wardrobe; c. 1580; walnut and oak, partially gilded and painted; height: 2.06 m, width: 1.50 m, depth: 0.60 m[99]" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Armoire_Louvre_OA_6968.jpg/132px-Armoire_Louvre_OA_6968.jpg" decoding="async" width="132" height="170" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Armoire_Louvre_OA_6968.jpg/198px-Armoire_Louvre_OA_6968.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Armoire_Louvre_OA_6968.jpg/264px-Armoire_Louvre_OA_6968.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2819" data-file-height="3632" /></a></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Henry_II_style" title="Henry II style">Henry II style</a> wardrobe; <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr> 1580; walnut and oak, partially gilded and painted; height: 2.06 m, width: 1.50 m, depth: 0.60 m<a href="#cite_note-99">[99]</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 205px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 200px; height: 200px;"><a href="/wiki/File:Mus%C3%A9e_du_Louvre_-_D%C3%A9partement_des_Objets_d%27art_-_Salle_34_-2.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="Louis XIV style cabinet on stand; by André Charles Boulle; c. 1690–1710; oak frame, resinous wood and walnut, ebony veneer, tortoiseshell, brass and pewter marquetry, and ormolu"><img alt="Louis XIV style cabinet on stand; by André Charles Boulle; c. 1690–1710; oak frame, resinous wood and walnut, ebony veneer, tortoiseshell, brass and pewter marquetry, and ormolu" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/Mus%C3%A9e_du_Louvre_-_D%C3%A9partement_des_Objets_d%27art_-_Salle_34_-2.JPG/109px-Mus%C3%A9e_du_Louvre_-_D%C3%A9partement_des_Objets_d%27art_-_Salle_34_-2.JPG" decoding="async" width="109" height="170" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/Mus%C3%A9e_du_Louvre_-_D%C3%A9partement_des_Objets_d%27art_-_Salle_34_-2.JPG/164px-Mus%C3%A9e_du_Louvre_-_D%C3%A9partement_des_Objets_d%27art_-_Salle_34_-2.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/Mus%C3%A9e_du_Louvre_-_D%C3%A9partement_des_Objets_d%27art_-_Salle_34_-2.JPG/219px-Mus%C3%A9e_du_Louvre_-_D%C3%A9partement_des_Objets_d%27art_-_Salle_34_-2.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2912" data-file-height="4522" /></a></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Louis_XIV_style" title="Louis XIV style">Louis XIV style</a> cabinet on stand; by <a href="/wiki/Andr%C3%A9_Charles_Boulle" class="mw-redirect" title="André Charles Boulle">André Charles Boulle</a>; <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr> 1690–1710; oak frame, resinous wood and walnut, ebony veneer, tortoiseshell, brass and pewter marquetry, and <a href="/wiki/Ormolu" title="Ormolu">ormolu</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 205px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 200px; height: 200px;"><a href="/wiki/File:Commode_de_la_comtesse_du_Barry_(Louvre,_OA_11293).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Louis XVI style commode of Madame du Barry; 1772; oak frame, veneer of pearwood, rosewood and kingwood, soft-paste Sèvres porcelain, gilded bronze, white marble, and glass; height: 0.87 m, width: 1.19 m, depth: 0.48 m[100]"><img alt="Louis XVI style commode of Madame du Barry; 1772; oak frame, veneer of pearwood, rosewood and kingwood, soft-paste Sèvres porcelain, gilded bronze, white marble, and glass; height: 0.87 m, width: 1.19 m, depth: 0.48 m[100]" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/Commode_de_la_comtesse_du_Barry_%28Louvre%2C_OA_11293%29.jpg/170px-Commode_de_la_comtesse_du_Barry_%28Louvre%2C_OA_11293%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="128" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/Commode_de_la_comtesse_du_Barry_%28Louvre%2C_OA_11293%29.jpg/255px-Commode_de_la_comtesse_du_Barry_%28Louvre%2C_OA_11293%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/Commode_de_la_comtesse_du_Barry_%28Louvre%2C_OA_11293%29.jpg/340px-Commode_de_la_comtesse_du_Barry_%28Louvre%2C_OA_11293%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2816" data-file-height="2112" /></a></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Louis_XVI_style" title="Louis XVI style">Louis XVI style</a> commode of <a href="/wiki/Madame_du_Barry" title="Madame du Barry">Madame du Barry</a>; 1772; oak frame, veneer of pearwood, rosewood and kingwood, soft-paste <a href="/wiki/Manufacture_nationale_de_S%C3%A8vres" title="Manufacture nationale de Sèvres">Sèvres porcelain</a>, gilded bronze, white marble, and glass; height: 0.87 m, width: 1.19 m, depth: 0.48 m<a href="#cite_note-100">[100]</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 205px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 200px; height: 200px;"><a href="/wiki/File:Barom%C3%A8tre_-_thermom%C3%A8tre_(Louvre,_OA_10545).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Louis XVI style barometer-thermometer; c. 1776; soft-paste Sèvres porcelain, enamel, and ormolu; height: 1 m, width: 0.27 m[101]"><img alt="Louis XVI style barometer-thermometer; c. 1776; soft-paste Sèvres porcelain, enamel, and ormolu; height: 1 m, width: 0.27 m[101]" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/Barom%C3%A8tre_-_thermom%C3%A8tre_%28Louvre%2C_OA_10545%29.jpg/57px-Barom%C3%A8tre_-_thermom%C3%A8tre_%28Louvre%2C_OA_10545%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="57" height="170" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/Barom%C3%A8tre_-_thermom%C3%A8tre_%28Louvre%2C_OA_10545%29.jpg/86px-Barom%C3%A8tre_-_thermom%C3%A8tre_%28Louvre%2C_OA_10545%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/Barom%C3%A8tre_-_thermom%C3%A8tre_%28Louvre%2C_OA_10545%29.jpg/115px-Barom%C3%A8tre_-_thermom%C3%A8tre_%28Louvre%2C_OA_10545%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="957" data-file-height="2816" /></a></div> <div class="gallerytext">Louis XVI style barometer-thermometer; <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr> 1776; soft-paste Sèvres porcelain, enamel, and ormolu; height: 1 m, width: 0.27 m<a href="#cite_note-101">[101]</a></div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Painting">Painting</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Louvre&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Painting">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information: <a href="/wiki/Catalog_of_paintings_in_the_Louvre_Museum" title="Catalog of paintings in the Louvre Museum">Catalog of paintings in the Louvre Museum</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Mona_Lisa,_by_Leonardo_da_Vinci,_from_C2RMF_retouched.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Mona_Lisa%2C_by_Leonardo_da_Vinci%2C_from_C2RMF_retouched.jpg/220px-Mona_Lisa%2C_by_Leonardo_da_Vinci%2C_from_C2RMF_retouched.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="328" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Mona_Lisa%2C_by_Leonardo_da_Vinci%2C_from_C2RMF_retouched.jpg/330px-Mona_Lisa%2C_by_Leonardo_da_Vinci%2C_from_C2RMF_retouched.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Mona_Lisa%2C_by_Leonardo_da_Vinci%2C_from_C2RMF_retouched.jpg/440px-Mona_Lisa%2C_by_Leonardo_da_Vinci%2C_from_C2RMF_retouched.jpg 2x" data-file-width="7479" data-file-height="11146" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Mona_Lisa" title="Mona Lisa">Mona Lisa</a>; by <a href="/wiki/Leonardo_da_Vinci" title="Leonardo da Vinci">Leonardo da Vinci</a>, <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr> 1503–1506, perhaps continuing until <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr> 1517; oil on poplar panel; 77 cm × 53 cm</figcaption></figure> The painting collection has more than 7,500 works<a href="#cite_note-Rosenberg-13">[13]</a>: 229  from the 13th century to 1848 and is managed by 12 curators who oversee the collection's display. Nearly two-thirds are by French artists, and more than 1,200 are Northern European. The Italian paintings compose most of the remnants of Francis I and Louis XIV's collections, others are unreturned artwork from the Napoleon era, and some were bought.<a href="#cite_note-102">[102]</a><a href="#cite_note-Mignot-21">[21]</a>: 199-201, 272–273, 333–335  The collection began with Francis, who acquired works from Italian masters such as <a href="/wiki/Raphael" title="Raphael">Raphael</a> and <a href="/wiki/Michelangelo" title="Michelangelo">Michelangelo</a><a href="#cite_note-103">[103]</a> and brought Leonardo da Vinci to his court.<a href="#cite_note-Mona-104">[104]</a><a href="#cite_note-Paintings-105">[105]</a> After the <a href="/wiki/French_Revolution" title="French Revolution">French Revolution</a>, the Royal Collection formed the nucleus of the Louvre. When the d'Orsay train station was converted into the <a href="/wiki/Mus%C3%A9e_d%27Orsay" title="Musée d'Orsay">Musée d'Orsay</a> in 1986, the collection was split, and pieces completed after the <a href="/wiki/1848_Revolution" class="mw-redirect" title="1848 Revolution">1848 Revolution</a> were moved to the new museum. French and Northern European works are in the Richelieu Wing and Cour Carrée; Spanish and Italian paintings are on the first floor of the Denon Wing.<a href="#cite_note-Mignot-21">[21]</a>: 199  Exemplifying the French School are the early <a href="/wiki/Piet%C3%A0_of_Villeneuve-l%C3%A8s-Avignon" title="Pietà of Villeneuve-lès-Avignon">Avignon Pietà</a> of <a href="/wiki/Enguerrand_Quarton" title="Enguerrand Quarton">Enguerrand Quarton</a>; the anonymous painting of King Jean le Bon (<abbr title="circa">c.</abbr> 1360), possibly the oldest independent portrait in Western painting to survive from the postclassical era;<a href="#cite_note-Mignot-21">[21]</a>: 201  <a href="/wiki/Hyacinthe_Rigaud" title="Hyacinthe Rigaud">Hyacinthe Rigaud</a>'s Louis XIV; <a href="/wiki/Jacques-Louis_David" title="Jacques-Louis David">Jacques-Louis David</a>'s <a href="/wiki/The_Coronation_of_Napoleon" title="The Coronation of Napoleon">The Coronation of Napoleon</a>; <a href="/wiki/Th%C3%A9odore_G%C3%A9ricault" title="Théodore Géricault">Théodore Géricault</a>'s <a href="/wiki/The_Raft_of_the_Medusa" title="The Raft of the Medusa">The Raft of the Medusa</a>; and <a href="/wiki/Eug%C3%A8ne_Delacroix" title="Eugène Delacroix">Eugène Delacroix</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Liberty_Leading_the_People" title="Liberty Leading the People">Liberty Leading the People</a>. Nicolas Poussin, the Le Nain brothers, Philippe de Champaigne, Le Brun, La Tour, Watteau, Fragonard, Ingres, Corot, and Delacroix are well represented.<a href="#cite_note-ParisDigest-106">[106]</a> Northern European works include <a href="/wiki/Johannes_Vermeer" title="Johannes Vermeer">Johannes Vermeer</a>'s <a href="/wiki/The_Lacemaker_(Vermeer)" title="The Lacemaker (Vermeer)">The Lacemaker</a> and <a href="/wiki/The_Astronomer_(Vermeer)" title="The Astronomer (Vermeer)">The Astronomer</a>; <a href="/wiki/Caspar_David_Friedrich" title="Caspar David Friedrich">Caspar David Friedrich</a>'s <a href="/wiki/The_Tree_of_Crows" title="The Tree of Crows">The Tree of Crows</a>; <a href="/wiki/Rembrandt" title="Rembrandt">Rembrandt</a>'s The Supper at Emmaus, <a href="/wiki/Bathsheba_at_Her_Bath" class="mw-redirect" title="Bathsheba at Her Bath">Bathsheba at Her Bath</a>, and The Slaughtered Ox. The Italian holdings are notable, particularly the Renaissance collection.<a href="#cite_note-107">[107]</a> The works include <a href="/wiki/Andrea_Mantegna" title="Andrea Mantegna">Andrea Mantegna</a> and <a href="/wiki/Giovanni_Bellini" title="Giovanni Bellini">Giovanni Bellini</a>'s Calvarys, which reflect realism and detail "meant to depict the significant events of a greater spiritual world".<a href="#cite_note-108">[108]</a> The High Renaissance collection includes <a href="/wiki/Leonardo_da_Vinci" title="Leonardo da Vinci">Leonardo da Vinci</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Mona_Lisa" title="Mona Lisa">Mona Lisa</a>, <a href="/wiki/The_Virgin_and_Child_with_St._Anne_(Leonardo_da_Vinci)" class="mw-redirect" title="The Virgin and Child with St. Anne (Leonardo da Vinci)">Virgin and Child with St. Anne</a>, <a href="/wiki/St._John_the_Baptist_(Leonardo)" class="mw-redirect" title="St. John the Baptist (Leonardo)">St. John the Baptist</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Madonna_of_the_Rocks" class="mw-redirect" title="Madonna of the Rocks">Madonna of the Rocks</a>. The Baroque collection includes <a href="/wiki/Giambattista_Pittoni" title="Giambattista Pittoni">Giambattista Pittoni</a>'s <a href="/wiki/The_Continence_of_Scipio" title="The Continence of Scipio">The Continence of Scipio</a>, <a href="/wiki/Susanna_and_the_Elders" class="mw-redirect" title="Susanna and the Elders">Susanna and the Elders</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bacchus_and_Ariadne" title="Bacchus and Ariadne">Bacchus and Ariadne</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Mars_and_Venus_(Pittoni)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mars and Venus (Pittoni) (page does not exist)">Mars and Venus</a>, and others <a href="/wiki/Caravaggio" title="Caravaggio">Caravaggio</a> is represented by <a href="/wiki/The_Fortune_Teller_(Caravaggio)" title="The Fortune Teller (Caravaggio)">The Fortune Teller</a> and <a href="/wiki/Death_of_the_Virgin_(Caravaggio)" title="Death of the Virgin (Caravaggio)">Death of the Virgin</a>. From 16th century Venice, the Louvre displays <a href="/wiki/Titian" title="Titian">Titian</a>'s Le Concert Champetre, The Entombment, and The Crowning with Thorns.<a href="#cite_note-Mignot-21">[21]</a>: 378 <a href="#cite_note-109">[109]</a> The La Caze Collection, a bequest to the Musée du Louvre in 1869 by <a href="/wiki/Louis_La_Caze" title="Louis La Caze">Louis La Caze</a>, was the largest contribution of a person in the history of the Louvre. La Caze gave 584 paintings of his personal collection to the museum. The bequest included <a href="/wiki/Antoine_Watteau" title="Antoine Watteau">Antoine Watteau</a>'s Commedia dell'arte player of Pierrot ("Gilles"). In 2007, this bequest was the topic of the exhibition "1869: Watteau, Chardin... entrent au Louvre. La collection La Caze".<a href="#cite_note-110">[110]</a> Some of the best known paintings of the museum have been digitized by the French Center for Research and Restoration of the Museums of France.<a href="#cite_note-111">[111]</a> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 205px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 200px; height: 200px;"><a href="/wiki/File:Massysm_Quentin_%E2%80%94_The_Moneylender_and_his_Wife_%E2%80%94_1514.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="The Money Changer and His Wife; by Quentin Massys; 1514; oil on panel; 70.5 × 67 cm"><img alt="The Money Changer and His Wife; by Quentin Massys; 1514; oil on panel; 70.5 × 67 cm" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Massysm_Quentin_%E2%80%94_The_Moneylender_and_his_Wife_%E2%80%94_1514.jpg/170px-Massysm_Quentin_%E2%80%94_The_Moneylender_and_his_Wife_%E2%80%94_1514.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="160" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Massysm_Quentin_%E2%80%94_The_Moneylender_and_his_Wife_%E2%80%94_1514.jpg/255px-Massysm_Quentin_%E2%80%94_The_Moneylender_and_his_Wife_%E2%80%94_1514.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Massysm_Quentin_%E2%80%94_The_Moneylender_and_his_Wife_%E2%80%94_1514.jpg/340px-Massysm_Quentin_%E2%80%94_The_Moneylender_and_his_Wife_%E2%80%94_1514.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1680" data-file-height="1581" /></a></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/The_Money_Changer_and_His_Wife" title="The Money Changer and His Wife">The Money Changer and His Wife</a>; by <a href="/wiki/Quentin_Massys" class="mw-redirect" title="Quentin Massys">Quentin Massys</a>; 1514; oil on panel; 70.5 × 67 cm</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 205px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 200px; height: 200px;"><a href="/wiki/File:Giuseppe_Arcimboldo_-_Spring,_1573.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Spring; by Giuseppe Arcimboldo; 1573; oil on canvas; 76 × 64 cm"><img alt="Spring; by Giuseppe Arcimboldo; 1573; oil on canvas; 76 × 64 cm" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Giuseppe_Arcimboldo_-_Spring%2C_1573.jpg/142px-Giuseppe_Arcimboldo_-_Spring%2C_1573.jpg" decoding="async" width="142" height="170" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Giuseppe_Arcimboldo_-_Spring%2C_1573.jpg/213px-Giuseppe_Arcimboldo_-_Spring%2C_1573.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Giuseppe_Arcimboldo_-_Spring%2C_1573.jpg/284px-Giuseppe_Arcimboldo_-_Spring%2C_1573.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1026" data-file-height="1229" /></a></div> <div class="gallerytext">Spring; by <a href="/wiki/Giuseppe_Arcimboldo" title="Giuseppe Arcimboldo">Giuseppe Arcimboldo</a>; 1573; oil on canvas; 76 × 64 cm</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 205px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 200px; height: 200px;"><a href="/wiki/File:Suzanne_et_les_vieillards_-_Giovanni_Battista_Pittoni_-_Q18573893.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Susanna and the Elders; by Giambattista Pittoni; 1720; oil on panel; 37 × 46 cm"><img alt="Susanna and the Elders; by Giambattista Pittoni; 1720; oil on panel; 37 × 46 cm" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/02/Suzanne_et_les_vieillards_-_Giovanni_Battista_Pittoni_-_Q18573893.jpg/144px-Suzanne_et_les_vieillards_-_Giovanni_Battista_Pittoni_-_Q18573893.jpg" decoding="async" width="144" height="170" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/02/Suzanne_et_les_vieillards_-_Giovanni_Battista_Pittoni_-_Q18573893.jpg/216px-Suzanne_et_les_vieillards_-_Giovanni_Battista_Pittoni_-_Q18573893.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/02/Suzanne_et_les_vieillards_-_Giovanni_Battista_Pittoni_-_Q18573893.jpg/289px-Suzanne_et_les_vieillards_-_Giovanni_Battista_Pittoni_-_Q18573893.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3702" data-file-height="4359" /></a></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Susanna_and_the_Elders" class="mw-redirect" title="Susanna and the Elders">Susanna and the Elders</a>; by <a href="/wiki/Giambattista_Pittoni" title="Giambattista Pittoni">Giambattista Pittoni</a>; 1720; oil on panel; 37 × 46 cm</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 205px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 200px; height: 200px;"><a href="/wiki/File:La_Continence_de_Scipion_-_Giovanni_Battista_Pittoni_-_Q18573892.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="The Continence of Scipio; by Giambattista Pittoni; 1733; oil on panel; 96 × 56 cm"><img alt="The Continence of Scipio; by Giambattista Pittoni; 1733; oil on panel; 96 × 56 cm" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/La_Continence_de_Scipion_-_Giovanni_Battista_Pittoni_-_Q18573892.jpg/170px-La_Continence_de_Scipion_-_Giovanni_Battista_Pittoni_-_Q18573892.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="91" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/La_Continence_de_Scipion_-_Giovanni_Battista_Pittoni_-_Q18573892.jpg/255px-La_Continence_de_Scipion_-_Giovanni_Battista_Pittoni_-_Q18573892.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/La_Continence_de_Scipion_-_Giovanni_Battista_Pittoni_-_Q18573892.jpg/340px-La_Continence_de_Scipion_-_Giovanni_Battista_Pittoni_-_Q18573892.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5839" data-file-height="3111" /></a></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/The_Continence_of_Scipio" title="The Continence of Scipio">The Continence of Scipio</a>; by <a href="/wiki/Giambattista_Pittoni" title="Giambattista Pittoni">Giambattista Pittoni</a>; 1733; oil on panel; 96 × 56 cm</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 205px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 200px; height: 200px;"><a href="/wiki/File:Fran%C3%A7ois_boucher,_diana_che_esce_dal_bagno,_1742,_01.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Diana after the Bath; by François Boucher; 1742; oil on canvas; 73 × 56 cm"><img alt="Diana after the Bath; by François Boucher; 1742; oil on canvas; 73 × 56 cm" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/Fran%C3%A7ois_boucher%2C_diana_che_esce_dal_bagno%2C_1742%2C_01.jpg/170px-Fran%C3%A7ois_boucher%2C_diana_che_esce_dal_bagno%2C_1742%2C_01.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="148" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/Fran%C3%A7ois_boucher%2C_diana_che_esce_dal_bagno%2C_1742%2C_01.jpg/255px-Fran%C3%A7ois_boucher%2C_diana_che_esce_dal_bagno%2C_1742%2C_01.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/Fran%C3%A7ois_boucher%2C_diana_che_esce_dal_bagno%2C_1742%2C_01.jpg/340px-Fran%C3%A7ois_boucher%2C_diana_che_esce_dal_bagno%2C_1742%2C_01.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2376" data-file-height="2068" /></a></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Diana_Bathing_(Boucher)" title="Diana Bathing (Boucher)">Diana after the Bath</a>; by <a href="/wiki/Fran%C3%A7ois_Boucher" title="François Boucher">François Boucher</a>; 1742; oil on canvas; 73 × 56 cm</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 205px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 200px; height: 200px;"><a href="/wiki/File:Jacques-Louis_David,_Le_Serment_des_Horaces.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Oath of the Horatii; by Jacques-Louis David; 1784; oil on canvas; height: 330 cm, width: 425 cm"><img alt="Oath of the Horatii; by Jacques-Louis David; 1784; oil on canvas; height: 330 cm, width: 425 cm" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/Jacques-Louis_David%2C_Le_Serment_des_Horaces.jpg/170px-Jacques-Louis_David%2C_Le_Serment_des_Horaces.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="131" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/Jacques-Louis_David%2C_Le_Serment_des_Horaces.jpg/255px-Jacques-Louis_David%2C_Le_Serment_des_Horaces.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/Jacques-Louis_David%2C_Le_Serment_des_Horaces.jpg/340px-Jacques-Louis_David%2C_Le_Serment_des_Horaces.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2332" data-file-height="1797" /></a></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Oath_of_the_Horatii" title="Oath of the Horatii">Oath of the Horatii</a>; by <a href="/wiki/Jacques-Louis_David" title="Jacques-Louis David">Jacques-Louis David</a>; 1784; oil on canvas; height: 330 cm, width: 425 cm</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 205px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 200px; height: 200px;"><a href="/wiki/File:Jacques-Louis_David_006.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="The Coronation of Napoleon by Jacques-Louis David"><img alt="The Coronation of Napoleon by Jacques-Louis David" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/39/Jacques-Louis_David_006.jpg/170px-Jacques-Louis_David_006.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="107" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/39/Jacques-Louis_David_006.jpg/255px-Jacques-Louis_David_006.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/39/Jacques-Louis_David_006.jpg/340px-Jacques-Louis_David_006.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1400" data-file-height="882" /></a></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/The_Coronation_of_Napoleon" title="The Coronation of Napoleon">The Coronation of Napoleon</a> by <a href="/wiki/Jacques-Louis_David" title="Jacques-Louis David">Jacques-Louis David</a></div> </li> </ul> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-packed"> <li class="gallerycaption">Paintings by <a href="/wiki/Leonardo_da_Vinci" title="Leonardo da Vinci">Leonardo da Vinci</a> purchased by François I</li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 102px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 100px;"><a href="/wiki/File:Virgin_of_the_Rocks_(Louvre).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Virgin of the Rocks"><img alt="Virgin of the Rocks" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Virgin_of_the_Rocks_%28Louvre%29.jpg/150px-Virgin_of_the_Rocks_%28Louvre%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="160" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Virgin_of_the_Rocks_%28Louvre%29.jpg/225px-Virgin_of_the_Rocks_%28Louvre%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Virgin_of_the_Rocks_%28Louvre%29.jpg/300px-Virgin_of_the_Rocks_%28Louvre%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2546" data-file-height="4074" /></a></div> <div class="gallerytext"><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><a href="/wiki/Virgin_of_the_Rocks" title="Virgin of the Rocks">Virgin of the Rocks</a></div> </div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 121.33333333333px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 119.33333333333px;"><a href="/wiki/File:Leonardo_da_Vinci_-_Virgin_and_Child_with_St_Anne_C2RMF_retouched.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="The Virgin and Child with Saint Anne (Leonardo)"><img alt="The Virgin and Child with Saint Anne (Leonardo)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/Leonardo_da_Vinci_-_Virgin_and_Child_with_St_Anne_C2RMF_retouched.jpg/179px-Leonardo_da_Vinci_-_Virgin_and_Child_with_St_Anne_C2RMF_retouched.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="160" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/Leonardo_da_Vinci_-_Virgin_and_Child_with_St_Anne_C2RMF_retouched.jpg/268px-Leonardo_da_Vinci_-_Virgin_and_Child_with_St_Anne_C2RMF_retouched.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/Leonardo_da_Vinci_-_Virgin_and_Child_with_St_Anne_C2RMF_retouched.jpg/358px-Leonardo_da_Vinci_-_Virgin_and_Child_with_St_Anne_C2RMF_retouched.jpg 2x" data-file-width="13295" data-file-height="17828" /></a></div> <div class="gallerytext"><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><a href="/wiki/The_Virgin_and_Child_with_Saint_Anne_(Leonardo)" title="The Virgin and Child with Saint Anne (Leonardo)">The Virgin and Child with Saint Anne (Leonardo)</a></div></div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Prints_and_drawings">Prints and drawings</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Louvre&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: Prints and drawings">edit</a>]</div> The <a href="/wiki/Old_master_print" title="Old master print">prints</a> and drawings department encompasses works on paper.<a href="#cite_note-Mignot-21">[21]</a>: 496  The origins of the collection were the 8,600 works in the Royal Collection (Cabinet du Roi), which were increased via state appropriation, purchases such as the 1,200 works from Fillipo Baldinucci's collection in 1806, and donations.<a href="#cite_note-Mignot-21">[21]</a>: 92 <a href="#cite_note-Drawing-112">[112]</a> The department opened on 5 August 1797, with 415 pieces displayed in the Galerie d'Apollon. The collection is organized into three sections: the core Cabinet du Roi, 14,000 royal copper printing-plates, and the donations of <a href="/wiki/Edmond_James_de_Rothschild" title="Edmond James de Rothschild">Edmond de Rothschild</a>,<a href="#cite_note-113">[113]</a> which include 40,000 prints, 3,000 drawings, and 5,000 illustrated books. The holdings are displayed in the Pavillon de Flore; due to the fragility of the paper medium, only a portion are displayed at one time.<a href="#cite_note-Mignot-21">[21]</a>: 496  <div style="clear:both;" class=""></div> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 205px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 200px; height: 200px;"><a href="/wiki/File:Trois_t%C3%AAtes_d%27hommes_en_relation_avec_le_lion.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Three lion-like heads; by Charles Le Brun; c. 1671; black chalk, pen and ink, brush and gray wash, white gouache on paper; 21.7 × 32.7 cm"><img alt="Three lion-like heads; by Charles Le Brun; c. 1671; black chalk, pen and ink, brush and gray wash, white gouache on paper; 21.7 × 32.7 cm" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Trois_t%C3%AAtes_d%27hommes_en_relation_avec_le_lion.jpg/170px-Trois_t%C3%AAtes_d%27hommes_en_relation_avec_le_lion.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="114" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Trois_t%C3%AAtes_d%27hommes_en_relation_avec_le_lion.jpg/255px-Trois_t%C3%AAtes_d%27hommes_en_relation_avec_le_lion.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Trois_t%C3%AAtes_d%27hommes_en_relation_avec_le_lion.jpg/340px-Trois_t%C3%AAtes_d%27hommes_en_relation_avec_le_lion.jpg 2x" data-file-width="585" data-file-height="393" /></a></div> <div class="gallerytext">Three lion-like heads; by <a href="/wiki/Charles_Le_Brun" title="Charles Le Brun">Charles Le Brun</a>; <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr> 1671; black chalk, pen and ink, brush and gray wash, white gouache on paper; 21.7 × 32.7 cm</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 205px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 200px; height: 200px;"><a href="/wiki/File:Antoine_Coypel_-_Bacchus.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Bacchus; by Antoine Coypel; black chalk, white highlights, and sanguine; 42.7 × 37.7 cm"><img alt="Bacchus; by Antoine Coypel; black chalk, white highlights, and sanguine; 42.7 × 37.7 cm" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Antoine_Coypel_-_Bacchus.jpg/151px-Antoine_Coypel_-_Bacchus.jpg" decoding="async" width="151" height="170" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Antoine_Coypel_-_Bacchus.jpg/226px-Antoine_Coypel_-_Bacchus.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Antoine_Coypel_-_Bacchus.jpg/302px-Antoine_Coypel_-_Bacchus.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1579" data-file-height="1780" /></a></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Bacchus" class="mw-redirect" title="Bacchus">Bacchus</a>; by <a href="/wiki/Antoine_Coypel" title="Antoine Coypel">Antoine Coypel</a>; black chalk, white highlights, and <a href="/wiki/Sanguine" title="Sanguine">sanguine</a>; 42.7 × 37.7 cm</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 205px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 200px; height: 200px;"><a href="/wiki/File:WATTEAU_Antoine_-_Huit_%C3%A9tudes_de_t%C3%AAtes_de_femme,_et_une_t%C3%AAte_d%27homme.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Studies of Women's Heads and a Man's Head; by Antoine Watteau; first half of the 18th century; sanguine, black chalk and white chalk on gray paper; 28 × 38.1 cm"><img alt="Studies of Women's Heads and a Man's Head; by Antoine Watteau; first half of the 18th century; sanguine, black chalk and white chalk on gray paper; 28 × 38.1 cm" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/WATTEAU_Antoine_-_Huit_%C3%A9tudes_de_t%C3%AAtes_de_femme%2C_et_une_t%C3%AAte_d%27homme.jpg/170px-WATTEAU_Antoine_-_Huit_%C3%A9tudes_de_t%C3%AAtes_de_femme%2C_et_une_t%C3%AAte_d%27homme.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="113" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/WATTEAU_Antoine_-_Huit_%C3%A9tudes_de_t%C3%AAtes_de_femme%2C_et_une_t%C3%AAte_d%27homme.jpg/255px-WATTEAU_Antoine_-_Huit_%C3%A9tudes_de_t%C3%AAtes_de_femme%2C_et_une_t%C3%AAte_d%27homme.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/WATTEAU_Antoine_-_Huit_%C3%A9tudes_de_t%C3%AAtes_de_femme%2C_et_une_t%C3%AAte_d%27homme.jpg/340px-WATTEAU_Antoine_-_Huit_%C3%A9tudes_de_t%C3%AAtes_de_femme%2C_et_une_t%C3%AAte_d%27homme.jpg 2x" data-file-width="768" data-file-height="512" /></a></div> <div class="gallerytext">Studies of Women's Heads and a Man's Head; by <a href="/wiki/Antoine_Watteau" title="Antoine Watteau">Antoine Watteau</a>; first half of the 18th century; sanguine, black chalk and white chalk on gray paper; 28 × 38.1 cm</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 205px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 200px; height: 200px;"><a href="/wiki/File:Edgar_Degas_-_Ballet_(L%27%C3%89toile).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Danseuse sur la scène; by Edgar Degas; pastel; 58 × 42 cm"><img alt="Danseuse sur la scène; by Edgar Degas; pastel; 58 × 42 cm" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Edgar_Degas_-_Ballet_%28L%27%C3%89toile%29.jpg/117px-Edgar_Degas_-_Ballet_%28L%27%C3%89toile%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="117" height="170" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Edgar_Degas_-_Ballet_%28L%27%C3%89toile%29.jpg/175px-Edgar_Degas_-_Ballet_%28L%27%C3%89toile%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Edgar_Degas_-_Ballet_%28L%27%C3%89toile%29.jpg/233px-Edgar_Degas_-_Ballet_%28L%27%C3%89toile%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3652" data-file-height="5315" /></a></div> <div class="gallerytext">Danseuse sur la scène; by <a href="/wiki/Edgar_Degas" title="Edgar Degas">Edgar Degas</a>; <a href="/wiki/Pastel" title="Pastel">pastel</a>; 58 × 42 cm</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 205px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 200px; height: 200px;"><a href="/wiki/File:Matthias_Gr%C3%BCnewald_-_Smiling_Woman_-_WGA10822.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Portrait of elderly woman, by Matthias Grünewald"><img alt="Portrait of elderly woman, by Matthias Grünewald" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Matthias_Gr%C3%BCnewald_-_Smiling_Woman_-_WGA10822.jpg/126px-Matthias_Gr%C3%BCnewald_-_Smiling_Woman_-_WGA10822.jpg" decoding="async" width="126" height="170" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Matthias_Gr%C3%BCnewald_-_Smiling_Woman_-_WGA10822.jpg/190px-Matthias_Gr%C3%BCnewald_-_Smiling_Woman_-_WGA10822.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Matthias_Gr%C3%BCnewald_-_Smiling_Woman_-_WGA10822.jpg/253px-Matthias_Gr%C3%BCnewald_-_Smiling_Woman_-_WGA10822.jpg 2x" data-file-width="702" data-file-height="944" /></a></div> <div class="gallerytext">Portrait of elderly woman, by <a href="/wiki/Matthias_Gr%C3%BCnewald" title="Matthias Grünewald">Matthias Grünewald</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 205px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 200px; height: 200px;"><a href="/wiki/File:Hans_Holbein_d._J._-_Head_of_a_Woman_-_WGA11590.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Portrait of a young woman, by Hans Holbein"><img alt="Portrait of a young woman, by Hans Holbein" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Hans_Holbein_d._J._-_Head_of_a_Woman_-_WGA11590.jpg/134px-Hans_Holbein_d._J._-_Head_of_a_Woman_-_WGA11590.jpg" decoding="async" width="134" height="170" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Hans_Holbein_d._J._-_Head_of_a_Woman_-_WGA11590.jpg/202px-Hans_Holbein_d._J._-_Head_of_a_Woman_-_WGA11590.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Hans_Holbein_d._J._-_Head_of_a_Woman_-_WGA11590.jpg/269px-Hans_Holbein_d._J._-_Head_of_a_Woman_-_WGA11590.jpg 2x" data-file-width="701" data-file-height="886" /></a></div> <div class="gallerytext">Portrait of a young woman, by <a href="/wiki/Hans_Holbein_the_Younger" title="Hans Holbein the Younger">Hans Holbein</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 205px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 200px; height: 200px;"><a href="/wiki/File:Andrea_del_Sarto_-_Head_of_a_Young_Man_-_WGA0384.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Head of a man, by Andrea del Sarto"><img alt="Head of a man, by Andrea del Sarto" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/Andrea_del_Sarto_-_Head_of_a_Young_Man_-_WGA0384.jpg/129px-Andrea_del_Sarto_-_Head_of_a_Young_Man_-_WGA0384.jpg" decoding="async" width="129" height="170" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/Andrea_del_Sarto_-_Head_of_a_Young_Man_-_WGA0384.jpg/194px-Andrea_del_Sarto_-_Head_of_a_Young_Man_-_WGA0384.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/Andrea_del_Sarto_-_Head_of_a_Young_Man_-_WGA0384.jpg/259px-Andrea_del_Sarto_-_Head_of_a_Young_Man_-_WGA0384.jpg 2x" data-file-width="697" data-file-height="916" /></a></div> <div class="gallerytext">Head of a man, by <a href="/wiki/Andrea_del_Sarto" title="Andrea del Sarto">Andrea del Sarto</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 205px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 200px; height: 200px;"><a href="/wiki/File:Biagio_Pupini_-_Vierge_%C3%A0_l%27Enfant.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Virgin and Child, by Biagio Pupini"><img alt="Virgin and Child, by Biagio Pupini" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/Biagio_Pupini_-_Vierge_%C3%A0_l%27Enfant.jpg/132px-Biagio_Pupini_-_Vierge_%C3%A0_l%27Enfant.jpg" decoding="async" width="132" height="170" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/Biagio_Pupini_-_Vierge_%C3%A0_l%27Enfant.jpg/198px-Biagio_Pupini_-_Vierge_%C3%A0_l%27Enfant.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/Biagio_Pupini_-_Vierge_%C3%A0_l%27Enfant.jpg/264px-Biagio_Pupini_-_Vierge_%C3%A0_l%27Enfant.jpg 2x" data-file-width="451" data-file-height="580" /></a></div> <div class="gallerytext">Virgin and Child, by <a href="/wiki/Biagio_Pupini" title="Biagio Pupini">Biagio Pupini</a></div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Management,_administration,_partnerships">Management, administration, partnerships</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Louvre&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: Management, administration, partnerships">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Mona_lisa_crowd.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Mona_lisa_crowd.jpg/220px-Mona_lisa_crowd.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Mona_lisa_crowd.jpg/330px-Mona_lisa_crowd.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Mona_lisa_crowd.jpg/440px-Mona_lisa_crowd.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3000" data-file-height="1993" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Leonardo_da_Vinci" title="Leonardo da Vinci">Leonardo da Vinci</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Mona_Lisa" title="Mona Lisa">Mona Lisa</a> is the Louvre's most popular attraction.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Paris_-_Restoration_workshops_in_the_Louvre_-_2408.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/Paris_-_Restoration_workshops_in_the_Louvre_-_2408.jpg/220px-Paris_-_Restoration_workshops_in_the_Louvre_-_2408.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="138" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/Paris_-_Restoration_workshops_in_the_Louvre_-_2408.jpg/330px-Paris_-_Restoration_workshops_in_the_Louvre_-_2408.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/Paris_-_Restoration_workshops_in_the_Louvre_-_2408.jpg/440px-Paris_-_Restoration_workshops_in_the_Louvre_-_2408.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4630" data-file-height="2912" /></a><figcaption>Restoration workshops in the Louvre</figcaption></figure> The Louvre is owned by the French government. Since the 1990s, its management and governance have been made more independent.<a href="#cite_note-BBC-114">[114]</a><a href="#cite_note-Sacre-115">[115]</a><a href="#cite_note-LAtimes-116">[116]</a><a href="#cite_note-117">[117]</a> Since 2003, the museum has been required to generate funds for projects.<a href="#cite_note-LAtimes-116">[116]</a> By 2006, government funds had dipped from 75 percent of the total budget to 62 percent. Every year, the Louvre now raises as much as it gets from the state, about €122 million. The government pays for operating costs (salaries, safety, and maintenance), while the rest – new wings, refurbishments, acquisitions – is up to the museum to finance.<a href="#cite_note-nytimes.com-118">[118]</a> A further €3 million to €5 million a year is raised by the Louvre from exhibitions that it curates for other museums, while the host museum keeps the ticket money.<a href="#cite_note-nytimes.com-118">[118]</a> As the Louvre became a point of interest in the book <a href="/wiki/The_Da_Vinci_Code" title="The Da Vinci Code">The Da Vinci Code</a> and the 2006 film based on the book, the museum earned $2.5 million by allowing filming in its galleries.<a href="#cite_note-119">[119]</a><a href="#cite_note-120">[120]</a> In 2008, the French government provided $180 million of the Louvre's yearly $350 million budget; the remainder came from private contributions and ticket sales.<a href="#cite_note-Sacre-115">[115]</a> The Louvre employs a staff of 2,000 led by Director <a href="/wiki/Jean-Luc_Martinez" title="Jean-Luc Martinez">Jean-Luc Martinez</a>,<a href="#cite_note-121">[121]</a> who reports to the French Ministry of Culture and Communications. Martinez replaced <a href="/wiki/Henri_Loyrette" title="Henri Loyrette">Henri Loyrette</a> in April 2013. Under Loyrette, who replaced <a href="/wiki/Pierre_Rosenberg" title="Pierre Rosenberg">Pierre Rosenberg</a> in 2001, the Louvre has undergone policy changes that allow it to lend and borrow more works than before.<a href="#cite_note-BBC-114">[114]</a><a href="#cite_note-LAtimes-116">[116]</a> In 2006, it loaned 1,300 works, which enabled it to borrow more foreign works. From 2006 to 2009, the Louvre lent artwork to the <a href="/wiki/High_Museum_of_Art" title="High Museum of Art">High Museum of Art</a> in Atlanta, Georgia, and received a $6.9 million payment to be used for renovations.<a href="#cite_note-LAtimes-116">[116]</a> In 2009, <a href="/wiki/Minister_of_Culture_(France)" class="mw-redirect" title="Minister of Culture (France)">Minister of culture</a> <a href="/wiki/Fr%C3%A9d%C3%A9ric_Mitterrand" title="Frédéric Mitterrand">Frédéric Mitterrand</a> approved a plan that would have created a storage facility 30 km (19 mi) northwest of Paris to hold objects from the Louvre and two other national museums in Paris's flood zone, the <a href="/wiki/Mus%C3%A9e_du_Quai_Branly" class="mw-redirect" title="Musée du Quai Branly">Musée du Quai Branly</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Mus%C3%A9e_d%27Orsay" title="Musée d'Orsay">Musée d'Orsay</a>; the plan was later scrapped. In 2013, his successor <a href="/wiki/Aur%C3%A9lie_Filippetti" title="Aurélie Filippetti">Aurélie Filippetti</a> announced that the Louvre would move more than 250,000 works of art<a href="#cite_note-auto-122">[122]</a> held in a 20,000 square metres (220,000 sq ft) basement storage area in <a href="/wiki/Li%C3%A9vin" title="Liévin">Liévin</a>; the cost of the project, estimated at €60 million, will be split between the region (49%) and the Louvre (51%).<a href="#cite_note-123">[123]</a> The Louvre will be the sole owner and manager of the store.<a href="#cite_note-auto-122">[122]</a> In July 2015, a team led by British firm <a href="/wiki/Rogers_Stirk_Harbour_%2B_Partners" class="mw-redirect" title="Rogers Stirk Harbour + Partners">Rogers Stirk Harbour + Partners</a> was selected to design the complex, which will have light-filled work spaces under one vast, green roof.<a href="#cite_note-auto-122">[122]</a><a href="#cite_note-124">[124]</a> In 2012, the Louvre and the <a href="/wiki/Fine_Arts_Museums_of_San_Francisco" title="Fine Arts Museums of San Francisco">Fine Arts Museums of San Francisco</a> announced a five-year collaboration on exhibitions, publications, art conservation and educational programming.<a href="#cite_note-125">[125]</a><a href="#cite_note-126">[126]</a> The €98.5 million expansion of the Islamic Art galleries in 2012 received state funding of €31 million, as well as €17 million from the <a href="/wiki/Alwaleed_Bin_Talal_Foundation" class="mw-redirect" title="Alwaleed Bin Talal Foundation">Alwaleed Bin Talal Foundation</a> founded by the eponymous Saudi prince. The Republic of Azerbaijan, the Emir of Kuwait, the Sultan of Oman and <a href="/wiki/King_Mohammed_VI_of_Morocco" class="mw-redirect" title="King Mohammed VI of Morocco">King Mohammed VI of Morocco</a> donated in total €26 million. In addition, the opening of the Louvre Abu Dhabi is supposed to provide €400 million over the course of 30 years for its use of the museum's brand.<a href="#cite_note-Islamic_art,_covered-71">[71]</a> Loyrette has tried to improve weak parts of the collection through income generated from loans of art and by guaranteeing that "20% of admissions receipts will be taken annually for acquisitions".<a href="#cite_note-LAtimes-116">[116]</a> He has more administrative independence for the museum and achieved 90 percent of galleries to be open daily, as opposed to 80 percent previously. He oversaw the creation of extended hours and free admission on Friday nights and an increase in the acquisition budget to $36 million from $4.5 million.<a href="#cite_note-Sacre-115">[115]</a><a href="#cite_note-LAtimes-116">[116]</a> In March 2018, an exhibition of dozens of artworks and relics belonging to France's Louvre Museum was opened to visitors in <a href="/wiki/Tehran" title="Tehran">Tehran</a>, as a result of an agreement between Iranian and French presidents in 2016.<a href="#cite_note-127">[127]</a> In the Louvre, two departments were allocated to the antiquities of the Iranian civilization, and the managers of the two departments visited Tehran. Relics belonging to Ancient Egypt, Rome and Mesopotamia as well as French royal items were showcased at the Tehran exhibition.<a href="#cite_note-128">[128]</a><a href="#cite_note-129">[129]</a><a href="#cite_note-130">[130]</a> Iran's <a href="/wiki/National_Museum_of_Iran" title="National Museum of Iran">National Museum</a> building was designed and constructed by French architect <a href="/wiki/Andr%C3%A9_Godard" title="André Godard">André Godard</a>.<a href="#cite_note-131">[131]</a> Following its time in Tehran, the exhibition is set to be held in the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Khorasan_Grand_Museum&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Khorasan Grand Museum (page does not exist)">Khorasan Grand Museum</a> in <a href="/wiki/Mashhad" title="Mashhad">Mashhad</a>, northeastern Iran in June 2018.<a href="#cite_note-132">[132]</a> On the 500th anniversary of Leonardo da Vinci's death, the Louvre held the largest ever single exhibit of his work, from 24 October 2019 to 24 February 2020.<a href="#cite_note-133">[133]</a><a href="#cite_note-134">[134]</a> The event included over a hundred items: paintings, drawings and notebooks. A full 11 of the fewer than 20 paintings that Da Vinci completed in his lifetime were displayed.<a href="#cite_note-135">[135]</a> Five of them are owned by the Louvre, but the <a href="/wiki/Mona_Lisa" title="Mona Lisa">Mona Lisa</a> was not included because it is in such great demand among visitors to the Louvre museum; the work remained on display in its gallery. <a href="/wiki/Salvator_Mundi_(Leonardo)" title="Salvator Mundi (Leonardo)">Salvator Mundi</a> was also not included since the Saudi owner did not agree to move the work from its hiding place. <a href="/wiki/Vitruvian_Man" title="Vitruvian Man">Vitruvian Man</a>, however, was on display, after a successful legal battle with its owner, the <a href="/wiki/Galleria_dell%27Accademia" title="Galleria dell'Accademia">Galleria dell'Accademia</a> in Venice.<a href="#cite_note-136">[136]</a><a href="#cite_note-137">[137]</a> In 2021, a Renaissance era ceremonial helmet and breastplate stolen from the museum in 1983 were recovered. The museum noted that the 1983 theft had "deeply troubled all the staff at the time." There are few publicly accessible details on the theft itself.<a href="#cite_note-138">[138]</a><a href="#cite_note-139">[139]</a> The current director of the Louvre is <a href="/wiki/Laurence_des_Cars" title="Laurence des Cars">Laurence des Cars</a>, who was selected by French president Emmanuel Macron in 2021.<a href="#cite_note-140">[140]</a><a href="#cite_note-141">[141]</a> She is the first woman to hold this position.<a href="#cite_note-142">[142]</a> During the <a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic" title="COVID-19 pandemic">COVID-19 pandemic</a>, the Louvre has launched a digital platform where most of its works, including those that are not on display, can be seen. The database includes more than 482,000 illustrated records, representing 75% of the Louvre's collections.<a href="#cite_note-143">[143]</a> The museum was visited by over 7.6 million visitors in 2022, up 170 percent from 2021, but still below the 10.8 million visitors in 2018 before the COVID-19 pandemic.<a href="#cite_note-144">[144]</a> In 2023, the Louvre Museum in Paris implemented a significant change in its pricing policy, marking the first price increase since 2017.<a href="#cite_note-145">[145]</a> The decision to raise ticket prices by 30% is part of a broader strategy aimed at supporting free entry during the Olympics and effectively managing the anticipated crowd. Director Laurence des Cars has introduced measures to regulate attendance, including capping daily visitors at 30,000 and planning a new entrance to alleviate congestion. These efforts are geared towards ensuring a top-notch experience for art enthusiasts during the Olympic Games, as the museum expects to host approximately 8.7 million visitors this year, with a remarkable 80% seeking to view the renowned Mona Lisa. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Archaeological_research">Archaeological research</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Louvre&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: Archaeological research">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Louvre_Excavations.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Louvre_Excavations.jpg/220px-Louvre_Excavations.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="293" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Louvre_Excavations.jpg/330px-Louvre_Excavations.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Louvre_Excavations.jpg/440px-Louvre_Excavations.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3024" data-file-height="4032" /></a><figcaption>List of excavations that benefited the Louvre (Rotonde d'Apollon)</figcaption></figure> The Louvre's ancient art collections are to a significant extent the product of excavations, some of which the museum sponsored under various legal regimes over time, often as a companion to France's diplomacy and/or colonial enterprises. In the Rotonde d'Apollon, a carved marble panel lists a number of such campaigns, led by: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Louis-Fran%C3%A7ois-S%C3%A9bastien_Fauvel" title="Louis-François-Sébastien Fauvel">Louis-François-Sébastien Fauvel</a> in Greece (1818)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean-Fran%C3%A7ois_Champollion" title="Jean-François Champollion">Jean-François Champollion</a> in Egypt (1828–1829)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guillaume-Abel_Blouet" title="Guillaume-Abel Blouet">Guillaume-Abel Blouet</a> and <a href="/wiki/L%C3%A9on-Jean-Joseph_Dubois" title="Léon-Jean-Joseph Dubois">Léon-Jean-Joseph Dubois</a> with the <a href="/wiki/Morea_expedition" title="Morea expedition">Morea expedition</a> in Greece (1829)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Adolphe_Delamare&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Adolphe Delamare (page does not exist)">Adolphe Delamare</a> [<a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adolphe_Delamare" class="extiw" title="fr:Adolphe Delamare">fr</a>] in Algeria (1842–1845)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul-%C3%89mile_Botta" title="Paul-Émile Botta">Paul-Émile Botta</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Nineveh_Plains" title="Nineveh Plains">Nineveh Plains</a> (1845)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Joseph_Vattier_de_Bourville&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Joseph Vattier de Bourville (page does not exist)">Joseph Vattier de Bourville</a> [<a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joseph_Vattier_de_Bourville" class="extiw" title="fr:Joseph Vattier de Bourville">fr</a>] in <a href="/wiki/Cyrenaica" title="Cyrenaica">Cyrenaica</a> (1850)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Auguste_Mariette" title="Auguste Mariette">Auguste Mariette</a> in Egypt (1850–1854)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Victor_Langlois_(historian)" class="mw-redirect" title="Victor Langlois (historian)">Victor Langlois</a> in <a href="/wiki/Cilicia" title="Cilicia">Cilicia</a> (1852)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ernest_Renan" title="Ernest Renan">Ernest Renan</a> with the <a href="/wiki/Mission_de_Ph%C3%A9nicie" title="Mission de Phénicie">Mission de Phénicie</a> following the <a href="/wiki/1860_civil_conflict_in_Mount_Lebanon_and_Damascus" title="1860 civil conflict in Mount Lebanon and Damascus">1860 civil conflict in Mount Lebanon and Damascus</a> (1860–1861)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/L%C3%A9on_Heuzey" title="Léon Heuzey">Léon Heuzey</a> and <a href="/wiki/Honor%C3%A9_Daumet" title="Honoré Daumet">Honoré Daumet</a> in <a href="/wiki/Macedonia_(region)" title="Macedonia (region)">Macedonia</a> (1861)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eug%C3%A8ne-Melchior_de_Vog%C3%BC%C3%A9" title="Eugène-Melchior de Vogüé">Eugène-Melchior de Vogüé</a> and <a href="/wiki/Edmond_Duthoit" title="Edmond Duthoit">Edmond Duthoit</a> in Cyprus (1863–1866)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Champoiseau" class="mw-redirect" title="Charles Champoiseau">Charles Champoiseau</a> in <a href="/wiki/Samothrace" title="Samothrace">Samothrace</a> (1863)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Emmanuel_Miller&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Emmanuel Miller (page does not exist)">Emmanuel Miller</a> [<a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emmanuel_Miller" class="extiw" title="de:Emmanuel Miller">de</a>] in <a href="/wiki/Thessaloniki" title="Thessaloniki">Thessaloniki</a> and <a href="/wiki/Thasos" title="Thasos">Thasos</a> (1864–1865)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Olivier_Rayet" title="Olivier Rayet">Olivier Rayet</a> and <a href="/wiki/Albert-F%C3%A9lix-Th%C3%A9ophile_Thomas" title="Albert-Félix-Théophile Thomas">Albert-Félix-Théophile Thomas</a> in <a href="/wiki/Ionia" title="Ionia">Ionia</a> (1872–1873)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Simon_Clermont-Ganneau" title="Charles Simon Clermont-Ganneau">Charles Simon Clermont-Ganneau</a> in <a href="/wiki/Palestine_(region)" title="Palestine (region)">Palestine</a> (1873)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Antoine_H%C3%A9ron_de_Villefosse&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Antoine Héron de Villefosse (page does not exist)">Antoine Héron de Villefosse</a> [<a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antoine_H%C3%A9ron_de_Villefosse" class="extiw" title="fr:Antoine Héron de Villefosse">fr</a>] in Algeria and Tunisia (1874)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ernest_de_Sarzec" title="Ernest de Sarzec">Ernest de Sarzec</a> in Tello / ancient <a href="/wiki/Girsu" title="Girsu">Girsu</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mesopotamia" title="Mesopotamia">Mesopotamia</a> (1877–1900)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Girard" title="Paul Girard">Paul Girard</a> in Greece (1881)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edmond_Pottier" title="Edmond Pottier">Edmond Pottier</a>, <a href="/wiki/Salomon_Reinach" title="Salomon Reinach">Salomon Reinach</a> and Alphonse Veyries in <a href="/wiki/Myrina_(Aeolis)" title="Myrina (Aeolis)">Myrina (Aeolis)</a> (1872–1873)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marcel-Auguste_Dieulafoy" title="Marcel-Auguste Dieulafoy">Marcel-Auguste Dieulafoy</a> and <a href="/wiki/Jane_Dieulafoy" title="Jane Dieulafoy">Jane Dieulafoy</a> in <a href="/wiki/Susa" title="Susa">Susa</a>, Persia (1884–1886)</li> <li>Charles Huber in <a href="/wiki/Tayma" title="Tayma">Tayma</a>, Arabia (1885)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alfred_Charles_Auguste_Foucher" title="Alfred Charles Auguste Foucher">Alfred Charles Auguste Foucher</a> in India and present-day Pakistan (1895–1897)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arthur_Engel_(numismatist)" title="Arthur Engel (numismatist)">Arthur Engel</a> and <a href="/w/index.php?title=Pierre_Paris_(archaeologist)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pierre Paris (archaeologist) (page does not exist)">Pierre Paris</a> [<a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pierre_Paris" class="extiw" title="de:Pierre Paris">de</a>; <a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pierre_Paris" class="extiw" title="es:Pierre Paris">es</a>; <a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pierre_Paris" class="extiw" title="fr:Pierre Paris">fr</a>] in Spain (1897)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jacques_de_Morgan" title="Jacques de Morgan">Jacques de Morgan</a> in <a href="/wiki/Susa" title="Susa">Susa</a> (1897)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gaston_Cros" title="Gaston Cros">Gaston Cros</a> in Tello / ancient <a href="/wiki/Girsu" title="Girsu">Girsu</a> (1902)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Pelliot" title="Paul Pelliot">Paul Pelliot</a> in <a href="/wiki/Xinjiang" title="Xinjiang">Chinese Turkestan</a> (1907–1909)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maurice_P%C3%A9zard" title="Maurice Pézard">Maurice Pézard</a> in Northern Palestine (1923)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Georges_Aaron_B%C3%A9n%C3%A9dite" title="Georges Aaron Bénédite">Georges Aaron Bénédite</a> in Egypt (1926)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fran%C3%A7ois_Thureau-Dangin" title="François Thureau-Dangin">François Thureau-Dangin</a> in Northern Syria (1929)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henri_de_Genouillac" title="Henri de Genouillac">Henri de Genouillac</a> in Mesopotamia (1912, 1929)</li> <li>the <a href="/wiki/Institut_Fran%C3%A7ais_d%27Arch%C3%A9ologie_Orientale" title="Institut Français d'Archéologie Orientale">Institut Français d'Archéologie Orientale</a> in Cairo, created in 1880</li></ul> The rest of the plaque combines donors of archaeological items, many of whom were archaeologists themselves, and other archaeologists whose excavations contributed to the Louvre's collections: <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fr%C3%A9d%C3%A9ric_Moreau_(archeologist)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Frédéric Moreau (archeologist) (page does not exist)">Frédéric Moreau</a> [<a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fr%C3%A9d%C3%A9ric_Moreau_(arch%C3%A9ologue)" class="extiw" title="fr:Frédéric Moreau (archéologue)">fr</a>] in France (1899)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%89douard_Piette" title="Édouard Piette">Édouard Piette</a> in France (1902)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Joseph_de_Baye&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Joseph de Baye (page does not exist)">Joseph de Baye</a> [<a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joseph_de_Baye" class="extiw" title="fr:Joseph de Baye">fr</a>] in France (1899–1906)</li> <li>Henri and <a href="/wiki/Jacques_de_Morgan" title="Jacques de Morgan">Jacques de Morgan</a> in Susa (1909–1910)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=L%C3%A9on_Henri-Martin&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Léon Henri-Martin (page does not exist)">Léon Henri-Martin</a> [<a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%C3%A9on_Henri-Martin" class="extiw" title="fr:Léon Henri-Martin">fr</a>] (1906–1920) and his daughter Germaine in France (1976)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Louis_Capitan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Louis Capitan (page does not exist)">Louis Capitan</a> [<a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Louis_Capitan" class="extiw" title="fr:Louis Capitan">fr</a>] in France (1929)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ren%C3%A9_de_Saint-P%C3%A9rier" class="mw-redirect" title="René de Saint-Périer">René de Saint-Périer</a> [<a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ren%C3%A9_de_Saint-P%C3%A9rier" class="extiw" title="fr:René de Saint-Périer">fr</a>] and his wife Suzanne in France (1935)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fernand_Bisson_de_la_Roque" class="mw-redirect" title="Fernand Bisson de la Roque">Fernand Bisson de la Roque</a> in Egypt (1922–1950)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bernard_Bruy%C3%A8re" title="Bernard Bruyère">Bernard Bruyère</a> in Egypt (1920–1951)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raymond_Weill" title="Raymond Weill">Raymond Weill</a> in Egypt (1952)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pierre_Montet" title="Pierre Montet">Pierre Montet</a> in Egypt (1921–1956)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jean_Marie_Casal&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jean Marie Casal (page does not exist)">Jean Marie Casal</a> [<a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jean_Marie_Casal" class="extiw" title="de:Jean Marie Casal">de</a>] in the <a href="/wiki/Indus_Valley_civilisation" class="mw-redirect" title="Indus Valley civilisation">Indus Valley</a> and Afghanistan (1950–1973)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Suzanne_de_Saint-Mathurin&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Suzanne de Saint-Mathurin (page does not exist)">Suzanne de Saint-Mathurin</a> [<a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suzanne_de_Saint-Mathurin" class="extiw" title="fr:Suzanne de Saint-Mathurin">fr</a>] in France (1973)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andr%C3%A9_Parrot" title="André Parrot">André Parrot</a> in <a href="/wiki/Mari,_Syria" title="Mari, Syria">Mari, Syria</a> (1931–1974)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Claude_Fr%C3%A9d%C3%A9ric-Armand_Schaeffer" title="Claude Frédéric-Armand Schaeffer">Claude Frédéric-Armand Schaeffer</a> in <a href="/wiki/Ugarit" title="Ugarit">Ugarit</a>, Syria (1929–1970)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roman_Ghirshman" title="Roman Ghirshman">Roman Ghirshman</a> in Iraq and Iran (1931–1972)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Satellites_and_offshoots">Satellites and offshoots</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Louvre&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: Satellites and offshoots">edit</a>]</div> Several museums in and outside France have been or are placed under the Louvre's administrative authority or linked to it through exclusive partnerships, while not being located in the <a href="/wiki/Louvre_Palace" title="Louvre Palace">Louvre Palace</a>. Since 2019, the Louvre has also maintained a large art storage and research facility in the Northern French town of <a href="/wiki/Li%C3%A9vin" title="Liévin">Liévin</a>, the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Centre_de_conservation_du_Louvre&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Centre de conservation du Louvre (page does not exist)">Centre de conservation du Louvre</a> [<a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Centre_de_conservation_du_Louvre" class="extiw" title="fr:Centre de conservation du Louvre">fr</a>], which is not open to the public.<a href="#cite_note-146">[146]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Musée_de_Cluny_(1926–1977)">Musée de Cluny (1926–1977)</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Louvre&action=edit&section=23" title="Edit section: Musée de Cluny (1926–1977)">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Mus%C3%A9e_de_Cluny" title="Musée de Cluny">Musée de Cluny</a></div> In February 1926, the <a href="/wiki/Mus%C3%A9e_de_Cluny" title="Musée de Cluny">Musée de Cluny</a>, whose creation dates back to the 19th century, was brought under the aegis of the Louvre's department of decorative arts (Objets d'Art).<a href="#cite_note-147">[147]</a> That affiliation was terminated in 1977.<a href="#cite_note-148">[148]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Musée_du_Jeu_de_Paume_(1947–1986)">Musée du Jeu de Paume (1947–1986)</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Louvre&action=edit&section=24" title="Edit section: Musée du Jeu de Paume (1947–1986)">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Galerie_nationale_du_Jeu_de_Paume" class="mw-redirect" title="Galerie nationale du Jeu de Paume">Galerie nationale du Jeu de Paume</a></div> The Jeu de Paume building in the <a href="/wiki/Tuileries_Garden" title="Tuileries Garden">Tuileries Garden</a>, initially intended as a sports venue, was repurposed from 1909 as an art gallery. In 1947, it became the exhibition space for the Louvre's collections of late 19th and early 20th paintings, most prominently <a href="/wiki/Impressionism" title="Impressionism">Impressionism</a>, as the Louvre Palace was lacking space to display them, and was consequently brought under direct management by the Louvre's Département des Peintures. In 1986, these collections were transferred to the newly created <a href="/wiki/Mus%C3%A9e_d%27Orsay" title="Musée d'Orsay">Musée d'Orsay</a>.<a href="#cite_note-149">[149]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Musée_du_Petit_Palais,_Avignon_(since_1976)">Musée du Petit Palais, Avignon (since 1976)</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Louvre&action=edit&section=25" title="Edit section: Musée du Petit Palais, Avignon (since 1976)">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Mus%C3%A9e_du_Petit_Palais,_Avignon" title="Musée du Petit Palais, Avignon">Musée du Petit Palais, Avignon</a></div> The Musée du Petit Palais opened in 1976 in the former urban mansion of the <a href="/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Archdiocese_of_Avignon" title="Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Avignon">archbishops of Avignon</a>, close to the <a href="/wiki/Palais_des_Papes" title="Palais des Papes">Papal Palace</a> in <a href="/wiki/Avignon" title="Avignon">Avignon</a>. An initiative led by Avignon Mayor <a href="/w/index.php?title=Henri_Duffaut&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Henri Duffaut (page does not exist)">Henri Duffaut</a> [<a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henri_Duffaut" class="extiw" title="fr:Henri Duffaut">fr</a>] and Louvre President-Director <a href="/wiki/Michel_Laclotte" title="Michel Laclotte">Michel Laclotte</a>, part of its permanent collection is made of artworks from the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Collection_Campana&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Collection Campana (page does not exist)">Collection Campana</a> [<a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collection_Campana" class="extiw" title="fr:Collection Campana">fr</a>] deposited by the Louvre. On 2 April 2024, a new agreement between the City of Avignon and the Louvre allowed its rebranding as Musée du Petit Palais - Louvre en Avignon.<a href="#cite_note-150">[150]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Gypsothèque_du_Louvre_(since_2001)">Gypsothèque du Louvre (since 2001)</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Louvre&action=edit&section=26" title="Edit section: Gypsothèque du Louvre (since 2001)">edit</a>]</div> The <a href="/wiki/Gypsotheque" class="mw-redirect" title="Gypsotheque">gypsothèque</a> (plaster cast gallery) of the Louvre is a collection of <a href="/wiki/Plaster_cast" title="Plaster cast">plaster casts</a> that was formed in 1970 by the reunion of the corresponding inventories of the Louvre, the <a href="/wiki/Beaux-Arts_de_Paris" title="Beaux-Arts de Paris">Beaux-Arts de Paris</a> and the Art and Archaeology Institute of the <a href="/wiki/Sorbonne_University" title="Sorbonne University">Sorbonne University</a>, the latter two following depredations during the <a href="/wiki/May_68" title="May 68">May 68</a> student unrest. Initially called the Musée des Monuments Antiques from 1970 to 1978, the project was subsequently left unfinished and only came to fruition after being brought under the Louvre's management by ministerial decision in 2001.<a href="#cite_note-151">[151]</a> It is located in the <a href="/wiki/Petite_%C3%89curie" title="Petite Écurie">Petite Écurie</a>, a dependency of <a href="/wiki/Versailles_Palace" class="mw-redirect" title="Versailles Palace">Versailles Palace</a>, and has been open to the public since 2012.<a href="#cite_note-152">[152]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Musée_Delacroix_(since_2004)">Musée Delacroix (since 2004)</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Louvre&action=edit&section=27" title="Edit section: Musée Delacroix (since 2004)">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Mus%C3%A9e_national_Eug%C3%A8ne_Delacroix" title="Musée national Eugène Delacroix">Musée national Eugène Delacroix</a></div> The small museum located in <a href="/wiki/Eug%C3%A8ne_Delacroix" title="Eugène Delacroix">Eugène Delacroix</a>'s former workshop in central Paris, created in the 1930s, has been placed under management by the Louvre since 2004.<a href="#cite_note-153">[153]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Louvre-Lens_(since_2012)">Louvre-Lens (since 2012)</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Louvre&action=edit&section=28" title="Edit section: Louvre-Lens (since 2012)">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Louvre-Lens" title="Louvre-Lens">Louvre-Lens</a></div> The Louvre-Lens follows a May 2003 initiative by then culture minister <a href="/wiki/Jean-Jacques_Aillagon" title="Jean-Jacques Aillagon">Jean-Jacques Aillagon</a> to promote cultural projects outside of Paris that would make the riches of major Parisian institutions available to a broader French public, including a satellite (antenne) of the Louvre.<a href="#cite_note-154">[154]</a> After several rounds of competition, a former mining site in the town of <a href="/wiki/Lens,_Pas-de-Calais" title="Lens, Pas-de-Calais">Lens</a> was selected for its location and announced by Prime Minister <a href="/wiki/Jean-Pierre_Raffarin" title="Jean-Pierre Raffarin">Jean-Pierre Raffarin</a> on 2004-11-29. Japanese architects <a href="/wiki/SANAA" title="SANAA">SANAA</a> and landscape architect Catherine Mosbach were respectively selected in September 2005 to design the museum building and garden. Inaugurated by President <a href="/wiki/Fran%C3%A7ois_Hollande" title="François Hollande">François Hollande</a> on 2012-12-04, the Louvre-Lens is run by the <a href="/wiki/Hauts-de-France" title="Hauts-de-France">Hauts-de-France</a> region under a contract (convention scientifique et culturelle) with the Louvre for art loans and brand use. Its main attraction is an exhibition of roughly 200 artworks from the Louvre on a rotating basis, presented chronologically in a single large room (the Galerie du Temps or "gallery of time") that transcends the geographical and object-type divisions along which the Parisian Louvre's displays are organized. The Louvre-Lens has been successful at attracting around 500,000 visitors per year until the COVID-19 pandemic.<a href="#cite_note-155">[155]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Louvre_Abu_Dhabi_(since_2017)">Louvre Abu Dhabi (since 2017)</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Louvre&action=edit&section=29" title="Edit section: Louvre Abu Dhabi (since 2017)">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Louvre_Abu_Dhabi" title="Louvre Abu Dhabi">Louvre Abu Dhabi</a></div> The <a href="/wiki/Louvre_Abu_Dhabi" title="Louvre Abu Dhabi">Louvre Abu Dhabi</a> is a separate entity from the Louvre, but the two entities have a multifaceted contractual relationship that allows the Emirati museum to use the Louvre name until 2037, and to exhibit artworks from the Louvre until 2027.<a href="#cite_note-156">[156]</a> It was inaugurated on 2017-11-08 and opened to the public three days later. A 30-year agreement, signed in early 2007 by French Culture Minister <a href="/wiki/Renaud_Donnedieu_de_Vabres" title="Renaud Donnedieu de Vabres">Renaud Donnedieu de Vabres</a> and Sheik Sultan bin Tahnoon Al Nahyan, establishes that Abu Dhabi shall pay €832,000,000 (US$1.3 billion) in exchange for the Louvre name use, managerial advice, art loans, and special exhibitions.<a href="#cite_note-157">[157]</a> The Louvre Abu Dhabi is located on <a href="/wiki/Saadiyat_Island" title="Saadiyat Island">Saadiyat Island</a> and was designed by the French architect <a href="/wiki/Jean_Nouvel" title="Jean Nouvel">Jean Nouvel</a> and engineering firm of <a href="/wiki/Buro_Happold" title="Buro Happold">Buro Happold</a>.<a href="#cite_note-158">[158]</a> It occupies 24,000 square metres (260,000 sq ft) and is covered by an iconic metallic dome designed to cast rays of light mimicking sunlight passing through <a href="/wiki/Date_palm" title="Date palm">date palm</a> fronds in an <a href="/wiki/Oasis" title="Oasis">oasis</a>. The French art loans, expected to total between 200 and 300 artworks during a 10-year period, come from multiple museums, including the Louvre, the <a href="/wiki/Centre_Georges_Pompidou" class="mw-redirect" title="Centre Georges Pompidou">Centre Georges Pompidou</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Mus%C3%A9e_d%27Orsay" title="Musée d'Orsay">Musée d'Orsay</a>, <a href="/wiki/Public_Establishment_of_the_Palace,_Museum_and_National_Estate_of_Versailles" title="Public Establishment of the Palace, Museum and National Estate of Versailles">Versailles</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Guimet_Museum" title="Guimet Museum">Guimet Museum</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Mus%C3%A9e_Rodin" title="Musée Rodin">Musée Rodin</a>, and the <a href="/wiki/Mus%C3%A9e_du_quai_Branly" class="mw-redirect" title="Musée du quai Branly">Musée du quai Branly</a>.<a href="#cite_note-159">[159]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Controversy">Controversy</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Louvre&action=edit&section=30" title="Edit section: Controversy">edit</a>]</div> The Louvre is involved in controversies that surround cultural property <a href="/wiki/Napoleonic_looting_of_art" title="Napoleonic looting of art">seized</a> under Napoleon I, as well as during World War II <a href="/wiki/Nazi_plunder" title="Nazi plunder">by the Nazis</a>.<a href="#cite_note-160">[160]</a><a href="#cite_note-161">[161]</a> In the early 2010s, workers' rights in the construction of Louvre Abu Dhabi were also a point of controversy for the museum.<a href="#cite_note-162">[162]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Napoleonic_looting">Napoleonic looting</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Louvre&action=edit&section=31" title="Edit section: Napoleonic looting">edit</a>]</div> Napoleon's campaigns acquired Italian pieces by treaties, as war reparations, and Northern European pieces as spoils as well as some antiquities excavated in Egypt, though the vast majority of the latter were seized as war reparations by the British army and are now part of collections of the <a href="/wiki/British_Museum" title="British Museum">British Museum</a>. On the other hand, the <a href="/wiki/Dendera_zodiac" title="Dendera zodiac">Dendera zodiac</a> is, like the <a href="/wiki/Rosetta_Stone" title="Rosetta Stone">Rosetta Stone</a>, claimed by Egypt even though it was acquired in 1821, before the Egyptian Anti-export legislation of 1835. The Louvre administration has thus argued in favor of retaining this item despite requests by Egypt for its return. The museum participates too in arbitration sessions held via <a href="/wiki/UNESCO" title="UNESCO">UNESCO</a>'s Committee for Promoting the Return of Cultural Property to Its Countries of Origin.<a href="#cite_note-163">[163]</a> The museum consequently returned in 2009 five Egyptian fragments of frescoes (30 cm x 15 cm each) whose existence of the tomb of origin had only been brought to the authorities attention in 2008, eight to five years after their good-faith acquisition by the museum from two private collections and after the necessary respect of the procedure of déclassement from French public collections before the Commission scientifique nationale des collections des musées de France.<a href="#cite_note-164">[164]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Nazi_looting">Nazi looting</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Louvre&action=edit&section=32" title="Edit section: Nazi looting">edit</a>]</div> <a href="/wiki/Federico_Gentili_Di_Giuseppe" title="Federico Gentili Di Giuseppe">During</a> <a href="/wiki/German_occupation_of_France_during_World_War_II" class="mw-redirect" title="German occupation of France during World War II">Nazi occupation</a>, thousands of artworks were stolen.<a href="#cite_note-165">[165]</a> But after the war, 61,233 articles of more than 150,000 seized artworks returned to France and were assigned to the Office des Biens Privés.<a href="#cite_note-166">[166]</a> In 1949, it entrusted 2,130 unclaimed pieces (including 1,001 paintings) to the Direction des Musées de France in order to keep them under appropriate conditions of conservation until their restitution and meanwhile classified them as MNRs (Musées Nationaux Recuperation or, in English, the National Museums of Recovered Artwork). Some 10% to 35% of the pieces are believed to come from Jewish spoliations<a href="#cite_note-167">[167]</a> and until the identification of their rightful owners, which declined at the end of the 1960s, they are registered indefinitely on separate inventories from the museum's collections.<a href="#cite_note-168">[168]</a> They were exhibited in 1946 and shown all together to the public during four years (1950–1954) in order to allow rightful claimants to identify their properties, then stored or displayed, according to their interest, in several French museums including the Louvre. From 1951 to 1965, about 37 pieces were restituted. Since November 1996, the partly illustrated catalogue of 1947–1949 has been accessible online and completed. In 1997, Prime Minister <a href="/wiki/Alain_Jupp%C3%A9" title="Alain Juppé">Alain Juppé</a> initiated the Mattéoli Commission, headed by <a href="/wiki/Jean_Matt%C3%A9oli" title="Jean Mattéoli">Jean Mattéoli</a>, to investigate the matter and according to the government, the Louvre is in charge of 678 pieces of artwork still unclaimed by their rightful owners.<a href="#cite_note-169">[169]</a> During the late 1990s, the comparison of the American war archives, which had not been done before, with the French and German ones as well as two court cases which finally settled some of the heirs' rights (<a href="/wiki/Federico_Gentili_Di_Giuseppe" title="Federico Gentili Di Giuseppe">Gentili di Giuseppe</a> and Rosenberg families) allowed more accurate investigations. Since 1996, the restitutions, according sometimes to less formal criteria, concerned 47 more pieces (26 paintings, with 6 from the Louvre including a then displayed Tiepolo), until the last claims of French owners and their heirs ended again in 2006.[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a>] According to <a href="/wiki/Serge_Klarsfeld" title="Serge Klarsfeld">Serge Klarsfeld</a>, since the now complete and constant publicity which the artworks got in 1996, the majority of the French Jewish community is nevertheless in favour of the return to the normal French civil rule of prescription acquisitive of any unclaimed good after another long period of time and consequently to their ultimate integration into the common French heritage instead of their transfer to foreign institutions like during World War II.[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a>] <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Construction_of_Louvre_Abu_Dhabi">Construction of Louvre Abu Dhabi</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Louvre&action=edit&section=33" title="Edit section: Construction of Louvre Abu Dhabi">edit</a>]</div> In 2011, over 130 international artists urged a boycott of the new Guggenheim museum as well as Louvre Abu Dhabi, citing reports, since 2009, of abuses of foreign construction workers on Saadiyat Island, including the arbitrary withholding of wages, unsafe working conditions, and failure of companies to pay or reimburse the steep recruitment fees being charged to laborers.<a href="#cite_note-boycott-170">[170]</a><a href="#cite_note-171">[171]</a> According to <a href="/wiki/Architectural_Record" title="Architectural Record">Architectural Record</a>, Abu Dhabi has comprehensive labor laws to protect the workers, but they are not conscientiously implemented or enforced.<a href="#cite_note-Fixsen-172">[172]</a> In 2010, the Guggenheim Foundation placed on its website a joint statement with Abu Dhabi's Tourism Development and Investment Company (TDIC) recognizing the following workers' rights issues, among others: health and safety of the workers; their access to their passports and other documents that the employers have been retaining to guaranty that they stay on the job; using a general contractor that agrees to obey the labor laws; maintaining an independent site monitor; and ending the system that has been generally used in the Persian Gulf region of requiring workers to reimburse recruitment fees.<a href="#cite_note-173">[173]</a> In 2013, <a href="/wiki/The_Observer" title="The Observer">The Observer</a> reported that conditions for the workers at the Louvre and New York University construction sites on Saadiyat amounted to "modern-day slavery".<a href="#cite_note-Carrick-174">[174]</a><a href="#cite_note-175">[175]</a> In 2014, the Guggenheim's Director, <a href="/wiki/Richard_Armstrong_(museum_director)" title="Richard Armstrong (museum director)">Richard Armstrong</a>, said that he believed that living conditions for the workers at the Louvre project were now good and that "many fewer" of them were having their passports confiscated. He stated that the main issue then remaining was the recruitment fees charged to workers by agents who recruit them.<a href="#cite_note-176">[176]</a><a href="#cite_note-Kaminer-177">[177]</a> Later in 2014, the Guggenheim's architect, Gehry, commented that working with the Abu Dhabi officials to implement the law to improve the labor conditions at the museum's site is "a moral responsibility."<a href="#cite_note-Fixsen-172">[172]</a> He encouraged the TDIC to build additional worker housing and proposed that the contractor cover the cost of the recruitment fees. In 2012, TDIC engaged <a href="/wiki/PricewaterhouseCoopers" class="mw-redirect" title="PricewaterhouseCoopers">PricewaterhouseCoopers</a> as an independent monitor required to issue reports every quarter. Labor lawyer Scott Horton told Architectural Record that he hoped the Guggenheim project will influence the treatment of workers on other Saadiyat sites and will "serve as a model for doing things right."<a href="#cite_note-Fixsen-172">[172]</a><a href="#cite_note-178">[178]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Louvre&action=edit&section=34" title="Edit section: See also">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239009302">.mw-parser-output .portalbox{padding:0;margin:0.5em 0;display:table;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:175px;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portalborder{border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);padding:0.1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa)}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-entry{display:table-row;font-size:85%;line-height:110%;height:1.9em;font-style:italic;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-image{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-link{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em 0.2em 0.2em 0.3em;vertical-align:middle}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .portalleft{clear:left;float:left;margin:0.5em 1em 0.5em 0}.mw-parser-output .portalright{clear:right;float:right;margin:0.5em 0 0.5em 1em}}</style><ul role="navigation" aria-label="Portals" class="noprint portalbox portalborder portalright"> <li class="portalbox-entry"><a href="/wiki/File:Nuvola_apps_package_graphics.png" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/Nuvola_apps_package_graphics.png/28px-Nuvola_apps_package_graphics.png" decoding="async" width="28" height="28" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/Nuvola_apps_package_graphics.png/42px-Nuvola_apps_package_graphics.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/Nuvola_apps_package_graphics.png/56px-Nuvola_apps_package_graphics.png 2x" data-file-width="128" data-file-height="128" /></a><a href="/wiki/Portal:Arts" class="mw-redirect" title="Portal:Arts">Arts portal</a></li><li class="portalbox-entry"><a href="/wiki/File:WPVA-khamsa.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/WPVA-khamsa.svg/22px-WPVA-khamsa.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="28" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/WPVA-khamsa.svg/32px-WPVA-khamsa.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/WPVA-khamsa.svg/43px-WPVA-khamsa.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="124" data-file-height="160" /></a><a href="/wiki/Portal:Visual_arts" title="Portal:Visual arts">Visual arts portal</a></li><li class="portalbox-entry"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/P_history.svg/31px-P_history.svg.png" decoding="async" width="31" height="28" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/P_history.svg/47px-P_history.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/P_history.svg/62px-P_history.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="400" data-file-height="360" /><a href="/wiki/Portal:History" title="Portal:History">History portal</a></li><li class="portalbox-entry"><img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/32px-Flag_of_France.svg.png" decoding="async" width="32" height="21" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/48px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/64px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /><a href="/wiki/Portal:France" title="Portal:France">France portal</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Center_for_Research_and_Restoration_of_Museums_of_France" class="mw-redirect" title="Center for Research and Restoration of Museums of France">Center for Research and Restoration of Museums of France</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/H%C3%B4tel_du_Louvre" title="Hôtel du Louvre">Hôtel du Louvre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_museums_in_Paris" title="List of museums in Paris">List of museums in Paris</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mus%C3%A9e_de_la_mode_et_du_textile" title="Musée de la mode et du textile">Musée de la mode et du textile</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_tourist_attractions_in_Paris" title="List of tourist attractions in Paris">List of tourist attractions in Paris</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_largest_art_museums" title="List of largest art museums">List of largest art museums</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Louvre&action=edit&section=35" title="Edit section: References">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-rapport2019-1">^ <a href="#cite_ref-rapport2019_1-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-rapport2019_1-1">b</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://mini-site.louvre.fr/trimestriel/2020/RA2019/31/#zoom=z">Rapport d'activité 2019 du musée du Louvre</a>, p. 29, website www.louvre.fr. </li> <li id="cite_note-CollectionSize-2">^ <a href="#cite_ref-CollectionSize_2-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-CollectionSize_2-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-CollectionSize_2-2">c</a> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://museums.eu/museum/details/702">"Louvre Museum"</a>. museums.eu.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=museums.eu&rft.atitle=Louvre+Museum&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fmuseums.eu%2Fmuseum%2Fdetails%2F702&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALouvre" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="https://www.francetvinfo.fr/culture/arts-expos/en-2023-le-louvre-a-retrouve-une-frequentation-pre-covid-avec-pres-de-9-millions-de-visiteurs_6280212.html">[1]</a> Franceinfo Culture, 4 January 2024 </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a> The <a href="/wiki/New_Oxford_American_Dictionary" title="New Oxford American Dictionary">New Oxford American Dictionary</a> gives the respelling "/'loov(rə)/", which has been converted to its <a href="/wiki/International_Phonetic_Alphabet" title="International Phonetic Alphabet">IPA</a> equivalent. The portion within parentheses indicates a variant pronunciation. </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britannica.com/topic/Louvre-Museum">"Louvre Museum"</a>. Inexhibit. Retrieved 15 October 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Inexhibit&rft.atitle=Louvre+Museum&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.britannica.com%2Ftopic%2FLouvre-Museum&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALouvre" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110615182627/http://www.louvre.fr/llv/musee/detail_repere.jsp?CONTENT%3C%3Ecnt_id=10134198673226981&CURRENT_LLV_PERIODE%3C%3Ecnt_id=10134198673226961&CURRENT_LLV_CHRONOLOGIE%3C%3Ecnt_id=10134198673226610&CURRENT_LLV_REPERE%3C%3Ecnt_id=10134198673226981&FOLDER%3C%3Efolder_id=9852723696500938&bmLocale=en&leftPosition=-300">"Louvre Website – Chateau to Museum, 1672 and 1692"</a>. Louvre.fr. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.louvre.fr/llv/musee/detail_repere.jsp?CONTENT%3C%3Ecnt_id=10134198673226981&CURRENT_LLV_PERIODE%3C%3Ecnt_id=10134198673226961&CURRENT_LLV_CHRONOLOGIE%3C%3Ecnt_id=10134198673226610&CURRENT_LLV_REPERE%3C%3Ecnt_id=10134198673226981&FOLDER%3C%3Efolder_id=9852723696500938&bmLocale=en&leftPosition=-300">the original</a> on 15 June 2011. Retrieved 21 August 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Louvre+Website+%E2%80%93+Chateau+to+Museum%2C+1672+and+1692&rft.pub=Louvre.fr&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.louvre.fr%2Fllv%2Fmusee%2Fdetail_repere.jsp%3FCONTENT%253C%253Ecnt_id%3D10134198673226981%26CURRENT_LLV_PERIODE%253C%253Ecnt_id%3D10134198673226961%26CURRENT_LLV_CHRONOLOGIE%253C%253Ecnt_id%3D10134198673226610%26CURRENT_LLV_REPERE%253C%253Ecnt_id%3D10134198673226981%26FOLDER%253C%253Efolder_id%3D9852723696500938%26bmLocale%3Den%26leftPosition%3D-300&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALouvre" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110615182640/http://www.louvre.fr/llv/musee/detail_repere.jsp?CONTENT%3C%3Ecnt_id=10134198673226982&CURRENT_LLV_PERIODE%3C%3Ecnt_id=10134198673226961&CURRENT_LLV_CHRONOLOGIE%3C%3Ecnt_id=10134198673226610&CURRENT_LLV_REPERE%3C%3Ecnt_id=10134198673226982&FOLDER%3C%3Efolder_id=9852723696500938&bmLocale=en&leftPosition=-300">"Louvre Website – Chateau to Museum 1692"</a>. Louvre.fr. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.louvre.fr/llv/musee/detail_repere.jsp?CONTENT%3C%3Ecnt_id=10134198673226982&CURRENT_LLV_PERIODE%3C%3Ecnt_id=10134198673226961&CURRENT_LLV_CHRONOLOGIE%3C%3Ecnt_id=10134198673226610&CURRENT_LLV_REPERE%3C%3Ecnt_id=10134198673226982&FOLDER%3C%3Efolder_id=9852723696500938&bmLocale=en&leftPosition=-300">the original</a> on 15 June 2011. Retrieved 21 August 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Louvre+Website+%E2%80%93+Chateau+to+Museum+1692&rft.pub=Louvre.fr&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.louvre.fr%2Fllv%2Fmusee%2Fdetail_repere.jsp%3FCONTENT%253C%253Ecnt_id%3D10134198673226982%26CURRENT_LLV_PERIODE%253C%253Ecnt_id%3D10134198673226961%26CURRENT_LLV_CHRONOLOGIE%253C%253Ecnt_id%3D10134198673226610%26CURRENT_LLV_REPERE%253C%253Ecnt_id%3D10134198673226982%26FOLDER%253C%253Efolder_id%3D9852723696500938%26bmLocale%3Den%26leftPosition%3D-300&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALouvre" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Numberobjects-8"><a href="#cite_ref-Numberobjects_8-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://mini-site.louvre.fr/trimestriel/2023/RA_2022/files/assets/common/downloads/publication.pdf">"Rapport d'activité 2022"</a> (PDF). Louvre. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20231215162405/https://mini-site.louvre.fr/trimestriel/2023/RA_2022/files/assets/common/downloads/publication.pdf">Archived</a> (PDF) from the original on 15 December 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Louvre&rft.atitle=Rapport+d%27activit%C3%A9+2022&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fmini-site.louvre.fr%2Ftrimestriel%2F2023%2FRA_2022%2Ffiles%2Fassets%2Fcommon%2Fdownloads%2Fpublication.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALouvre" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theartnewspaper.com/2023/03/27/louvre-retains-its-place-as-the-most-visited-art-museum-in-the-world">"Louvre retains its place as the most-visited art museum in the world"</a>. The Art Newspaper - International art news and events. 27 March 2023. Retrieved 17 May 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Art+Newspaper+-+International+art+news+and+events&rft.atitle=Louvre+retains+its+place+as+the+most-visited+art+museum+in+the+world&rft.date=2023-03-27&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theartnewspaper.com%2F2023%2F03%2F27%2Flouvre-retains-its-place-as-the-most-visited-art-museum-in-the-world&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALouvre" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-francetvinfo.fr-10">^ <a href="#cite_ref-francetvinfo.fr_10-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-francetvinfo.fr_10-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.francetvinfo.fr/culture/arts-expos/en-2023-le-louvre-a-retrouve-une-frequentation-pre-covid-avec-pres-de-9-millions-de-visiteurs_6280212.html">"En 2023, le Louvre a retrouvé une fréquentation pré-Covid avec près de 9 millions de visiteurs"</a>. 3 January 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=En+2023%2C+le+Louvre+a+retrouv%C3%A9+une+fr%C3%A9quentation+pr%C3%A9-Covid+avec+pr%C3%A8s+de+9+millions+de+visiteurs&rft.date=2024-01-03&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.francetvinfo.fr%2Fculture%2Farts-expos%2Fen-2023-le-louvre-a-retrouve-une-frequentation-pre-covid-avec-pres-de-9-millions-de-visiteurs_6280212.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALouvre" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080921232331/http://www.louvre.fr/llv/pratique/venir.jsp">"How to get here"</a>. Louvre Museum. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.louvre.fr/llv/pratique/venir.jsp">the original</a> on 21 September 2008. Retrieved 28 September 2008.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Louvre+Museum&rft.atitle=How+to+get+here&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.louvre.fr%2Fllv%2Fpratique%2Fvenir.jsp&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALouvre" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMenon2019" class="citation web cs1">Menon, Lakshmi (22 July 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.headout.com/blog/louvre-entrances/">"Which Louvre Entrance Suits You Best | All About The 4 Louvre Entrances"</a>. Headout Blog. Retrieved 6 July 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Headout+Blog&rft.atitle=Which+Louvre+Entrance+Suits+You+Best+%7C+All+About+The+4+Louvre+Entrances&rft.date=2019-07-22&rft.aulast=Menon&rft.aufirst=Lakshmi&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.headout.com%2Fblog%2Flouvre-entrances%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALouvre" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Rosenberg-13">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Rosenberg_13-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Rosenberg_13-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Rosenberg_13-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Rosenberg_13-3">d</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Rosenberg_13-4">e</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Rosenberg_13-5">f</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPierre_Rosenberg2007" class="citation book cs1">Pierre Rosenberg (2007). Dictionnaire amoureux du Louvre. 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Retrieved 30 June 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eurogamer&rft.atitle=Nintendo%27s+3DS+Louvre+guide+released+on+eShop&rft.date=2013-11-27&rft.aulast=Phillips&rft.aufirst=Tom&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.eurogamer.net%2Farticles%2F2013-11-27-nintendos-3ds-louvre-guide-released-on-eshop&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALouvre" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160220023445/http://louvreguide.nintendo.com/">"The Louvre Guide for Nintendo 3DS"</a>. Nintendo. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://louvreguide.nintendo.com/">the original</a> on 20 February 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Nintendo&rft.atitle=The+Louvre+Guide+for+Nintendo+3DS&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Flouvreguide.nintendo.com%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALouvre" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-netburn-18"><a href="#cite_ref-netburn_18-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNetburn2012" class="citation news cs1">Netburn, Deborah (16 April 2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.latimes.com/business/la-xpm-2012-apr-16-la-fi-tn-louvre-nintendo-3ds-audiotour-20120416-story.html">"How the Louvre and Nintendo are reinventing the museum audio tour"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Los_Angeles_Times" title="Los Angeles Times">Los Angeles Times</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230630211748/https://www.latimes.com/business/la-xpm-2012-apr-16-la-fi-tn-louvre-nintendo-3ds-audiotour-20120416-story.html">Archived</a> from the original on 30 June 2023. Retrieved 30 June 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Los+Angeles+Times&rft.atitle=How+the+Louvre+and+Nintendo+are+reinventing+the+museum+audio+tour&rft.date=2012-04-16&rft.aulast=Netburn&rft.aufirst=Deborah&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.latimes.com%2Fbusiness%2Fla-xpm-2012-apr-16-la-fi-tn-louvre-nintendo-3ds-audiotour-20120416-story.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALouvre" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFIwataMiyamoto2013" class="citation audio-visual cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a href="/wiki/Satoru_Iwata" title="Satoru Iwata">Iwata, Satoru</a>; <a href="/wiki/Shigeru_Miyamoto" title="Shigeru Miyamoto">Miyamoto, Shigeru</a> (27 November 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WavLP_3ew-A">Nintendo Direct – Nintendo 3DS Guide: Louvre</a> (Video presentation) (in Japanese and English). 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Retrieved 9 July 2023 – via <a href="/wiki/YouTube" title="YouTube">YouTube</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Nintendo+Direct+%E2%80%93+Nintendo+3DS+Guide%3A+Louvre&rft.place=Louvre%2C+Paris&rft.pub=Nintendo&rft.date=2013-11-27&rft.aulast=Iwata&rft.aufirst=Satoru&rft.au=Miyamoto%2C+Shigeru&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.youtube.com%2Fwatch%3Fv%3DWavLP_3ew-A&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALouvre" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWarr2013" class="citation magazine cs1">Warr, Philippa (2 December 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160425111028/http://www.wired.co.uk/news/archive/2013-12/02/louvre-3ds-guide">"Nintendo 3DS Louvre guide escapes region locking"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Wired_(magazine)" title="Wired (magazine)">Wired</a>. 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New York: Abbeville Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-7892-0578-5" title="Special:BookSources/0-7892-0578-5"><bdi>0-7892-0578-5</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/40762767">40762767</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Pocket+Louvre%3A+A+Visitor%27s+Guide+to+500+Works&rft.place=New+York&rft.pub=Abbeville+Press&rft.date=1999&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F40762767&rft.isbn=0-7892-0578-5&rft.au=Claude+Mignot&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fpocketlouvrevisi00mign&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALouvre" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Edwards-22">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Edwards_22-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Edwards_22-1">b</a> Edwards, pp. 193–94 </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a> In Larousse Nouveau Dictionnaire étymologique et historique, Librairie Larousse, Paris, 1971, p. 430: ***loup 1080, Roland (leu, forme conservée dans à la queue leu leu, Saint Leu, etc.); du lat. lupus; loup est refait sur le fém. louve, où le *v* a empêché le passage du *ou* à *eu* (cf. 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V&A. 21 July 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Jean+Philippe+Boulle%2C+Son+of+Andr%C3%A9-Charles+Boulle&rft.pub=V%26A&rft.date=2019-07-21&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fcollections.vam.ac.uk%2Fitem%2FO185910%2Fdesign-for-a-boulle-jean-philippe%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALouvre" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k63480935/f148.image.r=Boulle?rk=128756;0">"Death of André-Charles Boulle"</a>. Mercure de France. March 1732.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Death+of+Andr%C3%A9-Charles+Boulle&rft.pub=Mercure+de+France&rft.date=1732-03&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fgallica.bnf.fr%2Fark%3A%2F12148%2Fbpt6k63480935%2Ff148.image.r%3DBoulle%3Frk%3D128756%3B0&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALouvre" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-29"><a href="#cite_ref-29">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200308163544/https://www.khanacademy.org/partner-content/getty-museum/getty-decorative-arts/a/masters-of-marquetry-in-the-17th-century-boulle">"Masters of marquetry in the 17th century: Boulle"</a>. Khanacademy. 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Retrieved 30 November 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Masters+of+marquetry+in+the+17th+century%3A+Boulle&rft.pub=Khanacademy&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.khanacademy.org%2Fpartner-content%2Fgetty-museum%2Fgetty-decorative-arts%2Fa%2Fmasters-of-marquetry-in-the-17th-century-boulle&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALouvre" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-30"><a href="#cite_ref-30">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFChaundy,_Bob2006" class="citation news cs1">Chaundy, Bob (29 September 2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/magazine/5392000.stm">"Faces of the Week"</a>. <a href="/wiki/BBC" title="BBC">BBC</a>. 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School of Art and Design, San Jose State University. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://gallery.sjsu.edu/paris/the_academy/canova.htm">the original</a> on 20 April 2008. Retrieved 24 April 2008.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=19th+Century+Paris+Project&rft.atitle=French+Sculpture+1800%E2%80%931825%2C+Canova&rft.date=2000&rft.aulast=Monaghan&rft.aufirst=Sean+M.&rft.au=Rodgers%2C+Michael&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fgallery.sjsu.edu%2Fparis%2Fthe_academy%2Fcanova.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALouvre" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-36"><a href="#cite_ref-36">^</a> Oliver, p. 35 </li> <li id="cite_note-Alex_24-37">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Alex_24_37-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Alex_24_37-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Alex_24_37-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Alex_24_37-3">d</a> Alderson,  pp. 24, 25 </li> <li id="cite_note-38"><a href="#cite_ref-38">^</a> McClellan, p. 7 </li> <li id="cite_note-39"><a href="#cite_ref-39">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFVivien_Richard2021" class="citation cs2">Vivien Richard (Summer 2021), "Quand Bonaparte nomme Denon", Grande Galerie – le Journal du Louvre, 55: 74</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Grande+Galerie+%E2%80%93+le+Journal+du+Louvre&rft.atitle=Quand+Bonaparte+nomme+Denon&rft.ssn=summer&rft.volume=55&rft.pages=74&rft.date=2021&rft.au=Vivien+Richard&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALouvre" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-GBB-40">^ <a href="#cite_ref-GBB_40-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-GBB_40-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGeneviève_Bresc1989" class="citation book cs1">Geneviève Bresc (1989). Mémoires du Louvre. Paris: Gallimard.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=M%C3%A9moires+du+Louvre&rft.place=Paris&rft.pub=Gallimard&rft.date=1989&rft.au=Genevi%C3%A8ve+Bresc&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALouvre" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Alderson_25-41">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Alderson_25_41-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Alderson_25_41-1">b</a> Alderson, p. 25 </li> <li id="cite_note-Plant,_p._36-42">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Plant,_p._36_42-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Plant,_p._36_42-1">b</a> Plant, p. 36 </li> <li id="cite_note-43"><a href="#cite_ref-43">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSwetnam-Burland2009" class="citation journal cs1">Swetnam-Burland, Molly (2009). "Egypt Embodied: The Vatican Nile". American Journal of Archaeology. 113 (3): 440. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.3764%2Faja.113.3.439">10.3764/aja.113.3.439</a>. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/20627596">20627596</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:191377908">191377908</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Journal+of+Archaeology&rft.atitle=Egypt+Embodied%3A+The+Vatican+Nile&rft.volume=113&rft.issue=3&rft.pages=440&rft.date=2009&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A191377908%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F20627596%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.3764%2Faja.113.3.439&rft.aulast=Swetnam-Burland&rft.aufirst=Molly&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALouvre" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-44"><a href="#cite_ref-44">^</a> Popkin, p. 88 </li> <li id="cite_note-45"><a href="#cite_ref-45">^</a> For example, <a href="/wiki/Andrea_Mantegna" title="Andrea Mantegna">Mantegna</a>'s Calvary, <a href="/wiki/Paolo_Veronese" title="Paolo Veronese">Veronese</a>'s The Wedding at Cana|The Marriage of Cana, and Rogier van der Weyden's Annunciation were not returned. </li> <li id="cite_note-46"><a href="#cite_ref-46">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation magazine cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=59chAAAAMAAJ&pg=PA741">"Paolo Veronese"</a>. 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University of California Press. p. 190. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0520212015" title="Special:BookSources/978-0520212015"><bdi>978-0520212015</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Antonio+Canova+and+the+Politics+of+Patronage+in+Revolutionary+and+Napoleonic+Europe&rft.pages=190&rft.pub=University+of+California+Press&rft.date=1998&rft.isbn=978-0520212015&rft.aulast=Johns&rft.aufirst=Christopher+M.+S.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DmYponZ9FFGIC%26pg%3DPA190&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALouvre" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-48"><a href="#cite_ref-48">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMarcy1867" class="citation book cs1">Marcy, Pierre (1867). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=xGcEAAAAYAAJ">Guide populaire dans les Musées du Louvre</a>. 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Retrieved 12 November 2007.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Forgotten+Empire%3A+The+World+of+Ancient+Persia&rft.date=2006&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Farthistory.about.com%2Flibrary%2Fweekly%2Fsp%2Fbl_forgottenempcat_rev.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALouvre" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-GreekER-89">^ <a href="#cite_ref-GreekER_89-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-GreekER_89-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-GreekER_89-2">c</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20071104162328/http://www.louvre.fr/llv/oeuvres/presentation_departement.jsp?CONTENT%3C%3Ecnt_id=10134198673211729&CURRENT_LLV_FICHE%3C%3Ecnt_id=10134198673211729&CURRENT_LLV_DEP%3C%3Efolder_id=1408474395181112&FOLDER%3C%3Efolder_id=9852723696500768&bmLocale=en">"Greek, Etruscan, and Roman Antiquities"</a>. Musée du Louvre. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.louvre.fr/llv/oeuvres/presentation_departement.jsp?CONTENT%3C%3Ecnt_id=10134198673211729&CURRENT_LLV_FICHE%3C%3Ecnt_id=10134198673211729&CURRENT_LLV_DEP%3C%3Efolder_id=1408474395181112&FOLDER%3C%3Efolder_id=9852723696500768&bmLocale=en">the original</a> on 4 November 2007. Retrieved 30 April 2008.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Greek%2C+Etruscan%2C+and+Roman+Antiquities&rft.pub=Mus%C3%A9e+du+Louvre&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.louvre.fr%2Fllv%2Foeuvres%2Fpresentation_departement.jsp%3FCONTENT%253C%253Ecnt_id%3D10134198673211729%26CURRENT_LLV_FICHE%253C%253Ecnt_id%3D10134198673211729%26CURRENT_LLV_DEP%253C%253Efolder_id%3D1408474395181112%26FOLDER%253C%253Efolder_id%3D9852723696500768%26bmLocale%3Den&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALouvre" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-90"><a href="#cite_ref-90">^</a> Hannan, p. 252 </li> <li id="cite_note-91"><a href="#cite_ref-91">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://collections.louvre.fr/en/ark:/53355/cl010275510">"L'Incantada"</a>. collections.louvre.fr. Retrieved 5 January 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=collections.louvre.fr&rft.atitle=L%27Incantada&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fcollections.louvre.fr%2Fen%2Fark%3A%2F53355%2Fcl010275510&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALouvre" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Islam-92">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Islam_92-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Islam_92-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20071109153118/http://www.louvre.fr/llv/oeuvres/presentation_departement.jsp?CONTENT%3C%3Ecnt_id=10134198673211731&CURRENT_LLV_FICHE%3C%3Ecnt_id=10134198673211731&CURRENT_LLV_DEP%3C%3Efolder_id=1408474395181076&FOLDER%3C%3Efolder_id=9852723696500768&bmLocale=en">"Islamic Art"</a>. Musée du Louvre. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.louvre.fr/llv/oeuvres/presentation_departement.jsp?CONTENT%3C%3Ecnt_id=10134198673211731&CURRENT_LLV_FICHE%3C%3Ecnt_id=10134198673211731&CURRENT_LLV_DEP%3C%3Efolder_id=1408474395181076&FOLDER%3C%3Efolder_id=9852723696500768&bmLocale=en">the original</a> on 9 November 2007. Retrieved 30 April 2008.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Islamic+Art&rft.pub=Mus%C3%A9e+du+Louvre&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.louvre.fr%2Fllv%2Foeuvres%2Fpresentation_departement.jsp%3FCONTENT%253C%253Ecnt_id%3D10134198673211731%26CURRENT_LLV_FICHE%253C%253Ecnt_id%3D10134198673211731%26CURRENT_LLV_DEP%253C%253Efolder_id%3D1408474395181076%26FOLDER%253C%253Efolder_id%3D9852723696500768%26bmLocale%3Den&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALouvre" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Ahlund-93">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Ahlund_93-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Ahlund_93-1">b</a> Ahlund, p. 24 </li> <li id="cite_note-94"><a href="#cite_ref-94">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.arabnews.com/node/1552736/saudi-arabia">"Saudi Arabia's Princess Lamia opens new and improved Islamic art space at Louvre in Paris"</a>. Arab News. 10 September 2019. Retrieved 11 September 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Arab+News&rft.atitle=Saudi+Arabia%27s+Princess+Lamia+opens+new+and+improved+Islamic+art+space+at+Louvre+in+Paris&rft.date=2019-09-10&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.arabnews.com%2Fnode%2F1552736%2Fsaudi-arabia&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALouvre" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Sculpture-95">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Sculpture_95-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Sculpture_95-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Sculpture_95-2">c</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20071107072625/http://www.louvre.fr/llv/oeuvres/presentation_departement.jsp?CONTENT%3C%3Ecnt_id=10134198673211734&CURRENT_LLV_FICHE%3C%3Ecnt_id=10134198673211734&CURRENT_LLV_DEP%3C%3Efolder_id=1408474395181113&FOLDER%3C%3Efolder_id=9852723696500768&bmLocale=en">"Sculptures"</a>. Musée du Louvre. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.louvre.fr/llv/oeuvres/presentation_departement.jsp?CONTENT%3C%3Ecnt_id=10134198673211734&CURRENT_LLV_FICHE%3C%3Ecnt_id=10134198673211734&CURRENT_LLV_DEP%3C%3Efolder_id=1408474395181113&FOLDER%3C%3Efolder_id=9852723696500768&bmLocale=en">the original</a> on 7 November 2007. Retrieved 23 April 2008.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Sculptures&rft.pub=Mus%C3%A9e+du+Louvre&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.louvre.fr%2Fllv%2Foeuvres%2Fpresentation_departement.jsp%3FCONTENT%253C%253Ecnt_id%3D10134198673211734%26CURRENT_LLV_FICHE%253C%253Ecnt_id%3D10134198673211734%26CURRENT_LLV_DEP%253C%253Efolder_id%3D1408474395181113%26FOLDER%253C%253Efolder_id%3D9852723696500768%26bmLocale%3Den&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALouvre" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Nave_130-96">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Nave_130_96-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Nave_130_96-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Nave_130_96-2">c</a> Nave, p. 130 </li> <li id="cite_note-97"><a href="#cite_ref-97">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20071203074306/http://www.louvre.fr/llv/oeuvres/presentation_departement.jsp?CONTENT%3C%3Ecnt_id=10134198673211732&CURRENT_LLV_FICHE%3C%3Ecnt_id=10134198673211732&CURRENT_LLV_DEP%3C%3Efolder_id=1408474395181114&FOLDER%3C%3Efolder_id=9852723696500768&bmLocale=en">"Decorative Arts"</a>. Musée du Louvre. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.louvre.fr/llv/oeuvres/presentation_departement.jsp?CONTENT%3C%3Ecnt_id=10134198673211732&CURRENT_LLV_FICHE%3C%3Ecnt_id=10134198673211732&CURRENT_LLV_DEP%3C%3Efolder_id=1408474395181114&FOLDER%3C%3Efolder_id=9852723696500768&bmLocale=en">the original</a> on 3 December 2007. Retrieved 30 April 2008.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Decorative+Arts&rft.pub=Mus%C3%A9e+du+Louvre&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.louvre.fr%2Fllv%2Foeuvres%2Fpresentation_departement.jsp%3FCONTENT%253C%253Ecnt_id%3D10134198673211732%26CURRENT_LLV_FICHE%253C%253Ecnt_id%3D10134198673211732%26CURRENT_LLV_DEP%253C%253Efolder_id%3D1408474395181114%26FOLDER%253C%253Efolder_id%3D9852723696500768%26bmLocale%3Den&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALouvre" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-98"><a href="#cite_ref-98">^</a> Lasko, p. 242 </li> <li id="cite_note-99"><a href="#cite_ref-99">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBarbier_Muriel" class="citation web cs1">Barbier Muriel. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210510192240/https://www.louvre.fr/en/oeuvre-notices/armoire-said-be-hugues-sambin">"Armoire said to be by Hugues Sambin"</a>. louvre.fr. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.louvre.fr/en/oeuvre-notices/armoire-said-be-hugues-sambin">the original</a> on 10 May 2021. Retrieved 12 March 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=louvre.fr&rft.atitle=Armoire+said+to+be+by+Hugues+Sambin&rft.au=Barbier+Muriel&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.louvre.fr%2Fen%2Foeuvre-notices%2Farmoire-said-be-hugues-sambin&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALouvre" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-100"><a href="#cite_ref-100">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBarbier_Muriel" class="citation web cs1">Barbier Muriel. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210510181312/https://www.louvre.fr/en/oeuvre-notices/commode-madame-du-barry">"Commode of Madame du Barry"</a>. louvre.fr. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.louvre.fr/en/oeuvre-notices/commode-madame-du-barry">the original</a> on 10 May 2021. Retrieved 12 March 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=louvre.fr&rft.atitle=Commode+of+Madame+du+Barry&rft.au=Barbier+Muriel&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.louvre.fr%2Fen%2Foeuvre-notices%2Fcommode-madame-du-barry&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALouvre" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-101"><a href="#cite_ref-101">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCatherine_Voiriot" class="citation web cs1">Catherine Voiriot. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210510175213/https://www.louvre.fr/en/oeuvre-notices/barometer-thermometer?sous_dept=1">"Barometer-thermometer"</a>. louvre.fr. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.louvre.fr/en/oeuvre-notices/barometer-thermometer?sous_dept=1">the original</a> on 10 May 2021. Retrieved 12 March 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=louvre.fr&rft.atitle=Barometer-thermometer&rft.au=Catherine+Voiriot&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.louvre.fr%2Fen%2Foeuvre-notices%2Fbarometer-thermometer%3Fsous_dept%3D1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALouvre" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-102"><a href="#cite_ref-102">^</a> Hannan, p. 262 </li> <li id="cite_note-103"><a href="#cite_ref-103">^</a> According to <a href="/wiki/Giorgio_Vasari" title="Giorgio Vasari">Giorgio Vasari</a>, Michelangelo's <a href="/wiki/Leda_and_the_Swan" title="Leda and the Swan">Leda and the Swan</a>, (now lost) was acquired by Francis I. </li> <li id="cite_note-Mona-104"><a href="#cite_ref-Mona_104-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFChaundy,_Bob2006" class="citation news cs1">Chaundy, Bob (29 September 2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/magazine/5392000.stm">"Faces of the Week"</a>. BBC. Retrieved 5 October 2007.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BBC&rft.atitle=Faces+of+the+Week&rft.date=2006-09-29&rft.au=Chaundy%2C+Bob&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnews.bbc.co.uk%2F2%2Fhi%2Fuk_news%2Fmagazine%2F5392000.stm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALouvre" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Paintings-105"><a href="#cite_ref-Paintings_105-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080323072005/http://www.louvre.fr/llv/oeuvres/presentation_departement.jsp?CONTENT%3C%3Ecnt_id=10134198673211733&CURRENT_LLV_FICHE%3C%3Ecnt_id=10134198673211733&CURRENT_LLV_DEP%3C%3Efolder_id=1408474395181115&FOLDER%3C%3Efolder_id=9852723696500768&bmLocale=en">"Paintings"</a>. Musée du Louvre. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.louvre.fr/llv/oeuvres/presentation_departement.jsp?CONTENT%3C%3Ecnt_id=10134198673211733&CURRENT_LLV_FICHE%3C%3Ecnt_id=10134198673211733&CURRENT_LLV_DEP%3C%3Efolder_id=1408474395181115&FOLDER%3C%3Efolder_id=9852723696500768&bmLocale=en">the original</a> on 23 March 2008. Retrieved 23 April 2008.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Paintings&rft.pub=Mus%C3%A9e+du+Louvre&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.louvre.fr%2Fllv%2Foeuvres%2Fpresentation_departement.jsp%3FCONTENT%253C%253Ecnt_id%3D10134198673211733%26CURRENT_LLV_FICHE%253C%253Ecnt_id%3D10134198673211733%26CURRENT_LLV_DEP%253C%253Efolder_id%3D1408474395181115%26FOLDER%253C%253Efolder_id%3D9852723696500768%26bmLocale%3Den&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALouvre" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-ParisDigest-106"><a href="#cite_ref-ParisDigest_106-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.parisdigest.com/museums/louvre-french-artists.htm">"French artists in Louvre Museum"</a>. Paris Digest. 2018. Retrieved 13 September 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=French+artists+in+Louvre+Museum&rft.pub=Paris+Digest&rft.date=2018&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.parisdigest.com%2Fmuseums%2Flouvre-french-artists.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALouvre" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-107"><a href="#cite_ref-107">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.louvre.fr/en/explore/the-palace/at-the-heart-of-the-renaissance-palace">"At the Heart of the Renaissance Palace"</a>. Le Louvre. Retrieved 9 December 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Le+Louvre&rft.atitle=At+the+Heart+of+the+Renaissance+Palace&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.louvre.fr%2Fen%2Fexplore%2Fthe-palace%2Fat-the-heart-of-the-renaissance-palace&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALouvre" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-108"><a href="#cite_ref-108">^</a> Hannan, p. 267 </li> <li id="cite_note-109"><a href="#cite_ref-109">^</a> Hannan, pp. 270–78 </li> <li id="cite_note-110"><a href="#cite_ref-110">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.louvre.fr/llv/exposition/detail_exposition.jsp?CONTENT%3C%3Ecnt_id=10134198673469921&CURRENT_LLV_EXPO%3C%3Ecnt_id=10134198673469921&FOLDER%3C%3Efolder_id=9852723696500927&bmLocale=en">www.louvre.fr</a> – Musée du Louvre – Exhibitions – Past Exhibitions – The La Caze Collection. Retrieved 23 May 2009. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110917085817/http://www.louvre.fr/llv/exposition/detail_exposition.jsp?CONTENT%3C%3Ecnt_id=10134198673469921&CURRENT_LLV_EXPO%3C%3Ecnt_id=10134198673469921&FOLDER%3C%3Efolder_id=9852723696500927&bmLocale=en">Archived</a> 17 September 2011 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-111"><a href="#cite_ref-111">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20181112021546/http://technologies.c2rmf.fr/imaging/showcase">"Galerie de tableaux en très haute définition"</a>. c2rmf.fr. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.technologies.c2rmf.fr/imaging/showcase">the original</a> on 12 November 2018. Retrieved 29 October 2012.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=c2rmf.fr&rft.atitle=Galerie+de+tableaux+en+tr%C3%A8s+haute+d%C3%A9finition&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.technologies.c2rmf.fr%2Fimaging%2Fshowcase&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALouvre" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Drawing-112"><a href="#cite_ref-Drawing_112-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20081220114305/http://www.louvre.fr/llv/oeuvres/presentation_departement.jsp?CONTENT%3C%3Ecnt_id=10134198673211728&CURRENT_LLV_FICHE%3C%3Ecnt_id=10134198673211728&CURRENT_LLV_DEP%3C%3Efolder_id=1408474395181116&FOLDER%3C%3Efolder_id=9852723696500768&bmLocale=en">"Prints and Drawings"</a>. Musée du Louvre. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.louvre.fr/llv/oeuvres/presentation_departement.jsp?CONTENT%3C%3Ecnt_id=10134198673211728&CURRENT_LLV_FICHE%3C%3Ecnt_id=10134198673211728&CURRENT_LLV_DEP%3C%3Efolder_id=1408474395181116&FOLDER%3C%3Efolder_id=9852723696500768&bmLocale=en">the original</a> on 20 December 2008. 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Solomon R. Guggenheim Foundation. 22 September 2010. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.guggenheim.org/abu-dhabi/about/joint-statement-on-workers-rights">the original</a> on 3 July 2014. Retrieved 8 October 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Solomon+R.+Guggenheim+Foundation&rft.atitle=Joint+Statement+on+Workers%27+Rights&rft.date=2010-09-22&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.guggenheim.org%2Fabu-dhabi%2Fabout%2Fjoint-statement-on-workers-rights&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALouvre" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Carrick-174"><a href="#cite_ref-Carrick_174-0">^</a> Carrick, Glenn and David Batty. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/world/2013/dec/22/abu-dhabi-happiness-island-misery">"In Abu Dhabi, they call it Happiness Island. But for the migrant workers, it is a place of misery"</a>, The Observer, 22 December 2013, accessed 30 June 2014; Batty, David. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/world/2013/dec/22/abu-dhabi-migrant-workers-conditions-shame-west">"Conditions for Abu Dhabi's migrant workers 'shame the west'"</a>, The Observer, 22 December 2013, accessed 1 December 2014; Batty, David. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/world/2013/dec/22/uae-migrant-workers-exploitation-emirate-criticised">"Campaigners criticise UAE for failing to tackle exploitation of migrant workers"</a>, The Observer, 22 December 2013, accessed 30 June 2014 </li> <li id="cite_note-175"><a href="#cite_ref-175">^</a> Rosenbaum, Lee. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.artsjournal.com/culturegrrl/2013/12/guardian-expose-substandard-conditions-reportedly-persist-for-some-abu-dhabi-construction-workers-plus-guggenheims-tdics-reactions.html">"Guardian Exposé: Substandard Conditions Reportedly Persist for Some Abu Dhabi Construction Workers (plus Guggenheim's, TDIC's reactions) updated"</a>, CultureGrrl, ArtsJournal.com, 24 December 2013 </li> <li id="cite_note-176"><a href="#cite_ref-176">^</a> Rosenbaum, Lee. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.artsjournal.com/culturegrrl/2014/04/satellite-museums-panel-my-interchange-with-guggenheims-richard-armstrong-on-abu-dhabi-human-rights-concerns.html">"'Satellite Museums' Panel: My Interchange with Guggenheim's Richard Armstrong on Abu Dhabi Human-Rights Concerns"</a>, CultureGrrl, ArtsJournal.com, 24 April 2014 </li> <li id="cite_note-Kaminer-177"><a href="#cite_ref-Kaminer_177-0">^</a> Kaminer, Ariel and Sean O'Driscoll. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2014/05/19/nyregion/workers-at-nyus-abu-dhabi-site-face-harsh-conditions.html?_r=0">"Workers at N.Y.U.'s Abu Dhabi Site Faced Harsh Conditions"</a>, The New York Times, 18 May 2014 </li> <li id="cite_note-178"><a href="#cite_ref-178">^</a> Rosenbaum, Lee. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.artsjournal.com/culturegrrl/2016/02/guggenheim-abu-dhabi-still-stalled-as-monitoring-report-is-issued-on-saadiyat-island-labor-conditions.html">"Guggenheim Abu Dhabi Still Stalled, as Monitoring Report Is Issued on Saadiyat Island Labor Conditions"</a>, CultureGrrl, ArtsJournal.com, 4 February 2016 </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Works_cited">Works cited</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Louvre&action=edit&section=36" title="Edit section: Works cited">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239549316">.mw-parser-output .refbegin{margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul{margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{margin-left:0;padding-left:3.2em;text-indent:-3.2em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul,.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul li{list-style:none}@media(max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{padding-left:1.6em;text-indent:-1.6em}}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .refbegin{font-size:90%}}</style><div class="refbegin refbegin-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 40em"> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAlderson,_William_T.Alexander,_Edward1996" class="citation book cs1">Alderson, William T.; Alexander, Edward (1996). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=F-K2b6A9hqIC&q=the+louvre+opened&pg=PA23">Museums in motion: an introduction to the history and functions of museums</a>. Walnut Creek, CA: Published in cooperation with the American Association for State and Local History [by] AltaMira Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-7619-9155-7" title="Special:BookSources/0-7619-9155-7"><bdi>0-7619-9155-7</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/33983419">33983419</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Museums+in+motion%3A+an+introduction+to+the+history+and+functions+of+museums&rft.place=Walnut+Creek%2C+CA&rft.pub=Published+in+cooperation+with+the+American+Association+for+State+and+Local+History+%5Bby%5D+AltaMira+Press&rft.date=1996&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F33983419&rft.isbn=0-7619-9155-7&rft.au=Alderson%2C+William+T.&rft.au=Alexander%2C+Edward&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DF-K2b6A9hqIC%26q%3Dthe%2Blouvre%2Bopened%26pg%3DPA23&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALouvre" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAhlund2000" class="citation book cs1">Ahlund, Mikael (2000). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=ObmTTi84jrsC&q=islamic+art++louvre&pg=PA24">Islamic art collections: an international survey</a>. Richmond, Surrey, England: Curzon. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-7007-1153-8" title="Special:BookSources/0-7007-1153-8"><bdi>0-7007-1153-8</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/237132457">237132457</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Islamic+art+collections%3A+an+international+survey&rft.place=Richmond%2C+Surrey%2C+England&rft.pub=Curzon&rft.date=2000&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F237132457&rft.isbn=0-7007-1153-8&rft.aulast=Ahlund&rft.aufirst=Mikael&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DObmTTi84jrsC%26q%3Dislamic%2Bart%2B%2Blouvre%26pg%3DPA24&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALouvre" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBierman2003" class="citation book cs1">Bierman, Irene A (2003). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=audnAAAAMAAJ&q=napoleon+in+egypt">Napoleon in Egypt</a>. Ithaca Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-86372-299-7" title="Special:BookSources/0-86372-299-7"><bdi>0-86372-299-7</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Napoleon+in+Egypt&rft.pub=Ithaca+Press&rft.date=2003&rft.isbn=0-86372-299-7&rft.aulast=Bierman&rft.aufirst=Irene+A&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DaudnAAAAMAAJ%26q%3Dnapoleon%2Bin%2Begypt&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALouvre" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBowkett,_StephenPorter,_Tom2004" class="citation book cs1">Bowkett, Stephen; Porter, Tom (2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=I6ilomUOgoMC&q=axe+historique&pg=PA12">Archispeak: an illustrated guide to architectural terms</a>. London: Spon Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-415-30011-8" title="Special:BookSources/0-415-30011-8"><bdi>0-415-30011-8</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/123339639">123339639</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Archispeak%3A+an+illustrated+guide+to+architectural+terms&rft.place=London&rft.pub=Spon+Press&rft.date=2004&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F123339639&rft.isbn=0-415-30011-8&rft.au=Bowkett%2C+Stephen&rft.au=Porter%2C+Tom&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DI6ilomUOgoMC%26q%3Daxe%2Bhistorique%26pg%3DPA12&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALouvre" class="Z3988">[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot" title="Wikipedia:Link rot">permanent dead link</a>‍]</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCarbonell2004" class="citation book cs1">Carbonell, Bettina (2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=9DN5N9IRrzYC&q=history+of+art+museums+louvre">Museum Studies: An Anthology of Contexts</a>. Blackwell Pub. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-631-22825-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-631-22825-7"><bdi>978-0-631-22825-7</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/52358814">52358814</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Museum+Studies%3A+An+Anthology+of+Contexts&rft.pub=Blackwell+Pub.&rft.date=2004&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F52358814&rft.isbn=978-0-631-22825-7&rft.aulast=Carbonell&rft.aufirst=Bettina&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D9DN5N9IRrzYC%26q%3Dhistory%2Bof%2Bart%2Bmuseums%2Blouvre&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALouvre" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFEdwards1893" class="citation book cs1">Edwards, Henry Sutherland (1893). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/oldandnewparisi00conggoog">Old and New Paris: Its History, Its People, and Its Places</a>. Paris: Cassell and Co. p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/oldandnewparisi00conggoog/page/n208">194</a>. Retrieved 30 April 2008. <q>history of the word louvre.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Old+and+New+Paris%3A+Its+History%2C+Its+People%2C+and+Its+Places&rft.place=Paris&rft.pages=194&rft.pub=Cassell+and+Co.&rft.date=1893&rft.aulast=Edwards&rft.aufirst=Henry+Sutherland&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Foldandnewparisi00conggoog&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALouvre" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHannan2004" class="citation book cs1">Hannan, Bill and Lorna (2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=KDPaAAAACAAJ&q=hannan+france">Art for Travellers: France</a>. Northampton, MA: Interlink Books. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-56656-509-X" title="Special:BookSources/1-56656-509-X"><bdi>1-56656-509-X</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/51336501">51336501</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Art+for+Travellers%3A+France&rft.place=Northampton%2C+MA&rft.pub=Interlink+Books&rft.date=2004&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F51336501&rft.isbn=1-56656-509-X&rft.aulast=Hannan&rft.aufirst=Bill+and+Lorna&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DKDPaAAAACAAJ%26q%3Dhannan%2Bfrance&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALouvre" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLasko1995" class="citation book cs1">Lasko, Peter (1995). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=PwJb18lq5gkC&q=porphyry+vase+louvre">Ars Sacra, 800–1200</a>. Yale University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-300-06048-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-300-06048-5"><bdi>978-0-300-06048-5</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/231858991">231858991</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Ars+Sacra%2C+800%E2%80%931200&rft.pub=Yale+University+Press&rft.date=1995&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F231858991&rft.isbn=978-0-300-06048-5&rft.aulast=Lasko&rft.aufirst=Peter&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DPwJb18lq5gkC%26q%3Dporphyry%2Bvase%2Blouvre&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALouvre" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMcClellan1999" class="citation book cs1">McClellan, Andrew (1999). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/inventinglouvrea0000mccl_i4e7">Inventing the Louvre: Art, Politics, and the Origins of the Modern Museum...</a>. Berkeley: University of California Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-520-22176-1" title="Special:BookSources/0-520-22176-1"><bdi>0-520-22176-1</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/40830142">40830142</a>. <q>inventing the louvre luxembourg gallery.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Inventing+the+Louvre%3A+Art%2C+Politics%2C+and+the+Origins+of+the+Modern+Museum...&rft.place=Berkeley&rft.pub=University+of+California+Press&rft.date=1999&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F40830142&rft.isbn=0-520-22176-1&rft.aulast=McClellan&rft.aufirst=Andrew&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Finventinglouvrea0000mccl_i4e7&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALouvre" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMerryman2006" class="citation book cs1">Merryman, John Henry (2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cambridge.org/catalogue/catalogue.asp?isbn=9780521859295&ss=exc">Imperialism, art and restitution</a>. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-521-85929-8" title="Special:BookSources/0-521-85929-8"><bdi>0-521-85929-8</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/183928459">183928459</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Imperialism%2C+art+and+restitution&rft.place=Cambridge&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.date=2006&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F183928459&rft.isbn=0-521-85929-8&rft.aulast=Merryman&rft.aufirst=John+Henry&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cambridge.org%2Fcatalogue%2Fcatalogue.asp%3Fisbn%3D9780521859295%26ss%3Dexc&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALouvre" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMroue2003" class="citation book cs1">Mroue, Haas (2003). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=zdtw7rkxfzgC&q=Mroue+Louvre">Frommer's Paris from $90 a Day</a>. Frommer's. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-7645-5806-4" title="Special:BookSources/0-7645-5806-4"><bdi>0-7645-5806-4</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/229256386">229256386</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Frommer%27s+Paris+from+%2490+a+Day&rft.pub=Frommer%27s&rft.date=2003&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F229256386&rft.isbn=0-7645-5806-4&rft.aulast=Mroue&rft.aufirst=Haas&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dzdtw7rkxfzgC%26q%3DMroue%2BLouvre&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALouvre" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMiltoun1910" class="citation book cs1">Miltoun, Francis (1910). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=JWQBAAAAYAAJ&q=pavillon+de+flore+committee&pg=RA1-PA114">Royal Palaces and Parks of France</a>. L.C. Page & Co. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781465544346" title="Special:BookSources/9781465544346"><bdi>9781465544346</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Royal+Palaces+and+Parks+of+France&rft.pub=L.C.+Page+%26+Co&rft.date=1910&rft.isbn=9781465544346&rft.aulast=Miltoun&rft.aufirst=Francis&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DJWQBAAAAYAAJ%26q%3Dpavillon%2Bde%2Bflore%2Bcommittee%26pg%3DRA1-PA114&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALouvre" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLunn,_Martin2004" class="citation book cs1">Lunn, Martin (2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/davincicodedecod00lunn">Da Vinci code Decoded</a>. New York: Disinformation. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-9729529-7-7" title="Special:BookSources/0-9729529-7-7"><bdi>0-9729529-7-7</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/224340425">224340425</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Da+Vinci+code+Decoded&rft.place=New+York&rft.pub=Disinformation&rft.date=2004&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F224340425&rft.isbn=0-9729529-7-7&rft.au=Lunn%2C+Martin&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fdavincicodedecod00lunn&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALouvre" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNave1998" class="citation book cs1">Nave, Alain (1998). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=t1CURRmNhuQC&q=history+of+louvre+acquisitions">Treasures of the Louvre</a>. Barnes & Noble Publishing. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-7607-1067-8" title="Special:BookSources/0-7607-1067-8"><bdi>0-7607-1067-8</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/40334510">40334510</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Treasures+of+the+Louvre&rft.pub=Barnes+%26+Noble+Publishing&rft.date=1998&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F40334510&rft.isbn=0-7607-1067-8&rft.aulast=Nave&rft.aufirst=Alain&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dt1CURRmNhuQC%26q%3Dhistory%2Bof%2Blouvre%2Bacquisitions&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALouvre" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNoraLawrence_D._Kritzman1996" class="citation book cs1">Nora, Pierre; Lawrence D. Kritzman (1996). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=4rmT7223jfEC&q=the+louvre+opening">Realms of Memory</a>. New York: Columbia University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-231-10926-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-231-10926-0"><bdi>978-0-231-10926-0</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/234041248">234041248</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Realms+of+Memory&rft.place=New+York&rft.pub=Columbia+University+Press&rft.date=1996&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F234041248&rft.isbn=978-0-231-10926-0&rft.aulast=Nora&rft.aufirst=Pierre&rft.au=Lawrence+D.+Kritzman&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D4rmT7223jfEC%26q%3Dthe%2Blouvre%2Bopening&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALouvre" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFOliver2007" class="citation book cs1">Oliver, Bette Wyn (2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=oOXAtXKvXn0C&q=the+louvre+opening+1793">From Royal to National: The Louvre Museum and the Bibliothèque Nationale</a>. Lexington Books. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-7391-1861-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-7391-1861-0"><bdi>978-0-7391-1861-0</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/70883061">70883061</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=From+Royal+to+National%3A+The+Louvre+Museum+and+the+Biblioth%C3%A8que+Nationale&rft.pub=Lexington+Books&rft.date=2007&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F70883061&rft.isbn=978-0-7391-1861-0&rft.aulast=Oliver&rft.aufirst=Bette+Wyn&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DoOXAtXKvXn0C%26q%3Dthe%2Blouvre%2Bopening%2B1793&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALouvre" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPlant2002" class="citation book cs1">Plant, Margaret (2002). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/venicefragilecit0000plan">Venice Fragile City</a>. Yale University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-300-08386-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-300-08386-6"><bdi>978-0-300-08386-6</bdi></a>. <q>Venice Fragile City.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Venice+Fragile+City&rft.pub=Yale+University+Press&rft.date=2002&rft.isbn=978-0-300-08386-6&rft.aulast=Plant&rft.aufirst=Margaret&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fvenicefragilecit0000plan&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALouvre" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPopkin2015" class="citation book cs1">Popkin, Jeremy D (2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=vmaIoAEACAAJ&q=a+short+history+of+the+french+revolution">A Short History of the French Revolution</a> (6th ed.). Yale University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-205-96845-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-205-96845-9"><bdi>978-0-205-96845-9</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=A+Short+History+of+the+French+Revolution&rft.edition=6th&rft.pub=Yale+University+Press&rft.date=2015&rft.isbn=978-0-205-96845-9&rft.aulast=Popkin&rft.aufirst=Jeremy+D&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DvmaIoAEACAAJ%26q%3Da%2Bshort%2Bhistory%2Bof%2Bthe%2Bfrench%2Brevolution&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALouvre" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRickman1999" class="citation book cs1">Rickman, Gregg (1999). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=by4SG25lAA0C&q=Matt%C3%A9oli+Commission+louvre&pg=PA251">Swiss Banks and Jewish Souls</a>. Transaction Publishers. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-56000-426-6" title="Special:BookSources/1-56000-426-6"><bdi>1-56000-426-6</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/40698624">40698624</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Swiss+Banks+and+Jewish+Souls&rft.pub=Transaction+Publishers&rft.date=1999&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F40698624&rft.isbn=1-56000-426-6&rft.aulast=Rickman&rft.aufirst=Gregg&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dby4SG25lAA0C%26q%3DMatt%25C3%25A9oli%2BCommission%2Blouvre%26pg%3DPA251&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALouvre" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRogers,_Elizabeth_A.2001" class="citation book cs1">Rogers, Elizabeth A. (2001). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/landscapedesignc00roge">Landscape design: a cultural and architectural history</a>. New York: Harry N. Abrams. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-8109-4253-4" title="Special:BookSources/0-8109-4253-4"><bdi>0-8109-4253-4</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/186087857">186087857</a>. <q>results tuileries fire louvre axis.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Landscape+design%3A+a+cultural+and+architectural+history&rft.place=New+York&rft.pub=Harry+N.+Abrams&rft.date=2001&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F186087857&rft.isbn=0-8109-4253-4&rft.au=Rogers%2C+Elizabeth+A.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Flandscapedesignc00roge&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALouvre" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFStrathern2009" class="citation book cs1">Strathern, Paul (2009). Napoleon in Egypt. Bantam. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-553-38524-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-553-38524-3"><bdi>978-0-553-38524-3</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/299706472">299706472</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Napoleon+in+Egypt&rft.pub=Bantam&rft.date=2009&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F299706472&rft.isbn=978-0-553-38524-3&rft.aulast=Strathern&rft.aufirst=Paul&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALouvre" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSturdy1995" class="citation book cs1">Sturdy, David (1995). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=xLsNxkRXiNAC&q=francois+I+keep+Louvre">Science and social status: the members of the Académie des sciences 1666–1750</a>. Woodbridge, Suffolk: Boydell Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-85115-395-X" title="Special:BookSources/0-85115-395-X"><bdi>0-85115-395-X</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/185477008">185477008</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Science+and+social+status%3A+the+members+of+the+Acad%C3%A9mie+des+sciences+1666%E2%80%931750&rft.place=Woodbridge%2C+Suffolk&rft.pub=Boydell+Press&rft.date=1995&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F185477008&rft.isbn=0-85115-395-X&rft.aulast=Sturdy&rft.aufirst=David&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DxLsNxkRXiNAC%26q%3Dfrancois%2BI%2Bkeep%2BLouvre&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALouvre" class="Z3988"></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Louvre&action=edit&section=37" title="Edit section: External links">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output 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decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Mus%C3%A9e_du_Louvre" class="extiw" title="commons:Musée du Louvre">Musée du Louvre</a>.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.louvre.fr/">Official website</a> <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q19675#P856" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" 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.navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Louvre" title="Template:Louvre"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Louvre" title="Template talk:Louvre"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Louvre" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Louvre"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="The_Louvre_and_Tuileries" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">The Louvre and Tuileries</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#CCDDFF;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Mus%C3%A9e_du_Louvre" class="mw-redirect" title="Musée du Louvre">Musée du Louvre</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Branch_museums" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#CCDDFF">Branch museums</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Louvre-Lens" title="Louvre-Lens">The Louvre-Lens</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louvre_Abu_Dhabi" title="Louvre Abu Dhabi">The Louvre Abu Dhabi</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#CCDDFF;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Louvre_Palace" title="Louvre Palace">Palais du Louvre</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#CCDDFF">Sections in detail</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Louvre_Castle" class="mw-redirect" title="Louvre Castle">Louvre Castle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lescot_Wing" title="Lescot Wing">Lescot Wing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pavillon_du_Roi" title="Pavillon du Roi">Pavillon du Roi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Petite_Galerie_of_the_Louvre" title="Petite Galerie of the Louvre">Petite Galerie of the Louvre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grande_Galerie" title="Grande Galerie">Grande Galerie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pavillon_de_Flore" title="Pavillon de Flore">Pavillon de Flore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cour_Carr%C3%A9e" title="Cour Carrée">Cour Carrée</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pavillon_de_l%27Horloge" title="Pavillon de l'Horloge">Pavillon de l'Horloge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Galerie_d%27Apollon" title="Galerie d'Apollon">Galerie d'Apollon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Salon_Carr%C3%A9" title="Salon Carré">Salon Carré</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pavillon_de_Marsan" title="Pavillon de Marsan">Pavillon de Marsan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louvre_Colonnade" title="Louvre Colonnade">Louvre Colonnade</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Napoleon_III%27s_Louvre_expansion" title="Napoleon III's Louvre expansion">Napoleon III's Louvre expansion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Escalier_Daru" title="Escalier Daru">Escalier Daru</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grand_Louvre" title="Grand Louvre">Grand Louvre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louvre_Pyramid" title="Louvre Pyramid">Louvre Pyramid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carrousel_du_Louvre" title="Carrousel du Louvre">Carrousel du Louvre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louvre_Inverted_Pyramid" title="Louvre Inverted Pyramid">Louvre Inverted Pyramid</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#CCDDFF">Architects</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Raymond_du_Temple&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Raymond du Temple (page does not exist)">Raymond du Temple</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pierre_Lescot" title="Pierre Lescot">Pierre Lescot</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pierre_II_Chambiges&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pierre II Chambiges (page does not exist)">Pierre II Chambiges</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louis_M%C3%A9tezeau" title="Louis Métezeau">Louis Métezeau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Androuet_du_Cerceau" title="Androuet du Cerceau">Jacques Androuet II Du Cerceau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jacques_Lemercier" title="Jacques Lemercier">Jacques Lemercier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louis_Le_Vau" title="Louis Le Vau">Louis Le Vau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fran%C3%A7ois_d%27Orbay" title="François d'Orbay">François d'Orbay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Claude_Perrault" title="Claude Perrault">Claude Perrault</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ange-Jacques_Gabriel" title="Ange-Jacques Gabriel">Ange-Jacques Gabriel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jacques-Germain_Soufflot" title="Jacques-Germain Soufflot">Jacques-Germain Soufflot</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Maximilien_Brebion&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Maximilien Brebion (page does not exist)">Maximilien Brebion</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Auguste_Cheval_de_Saint-Hubert&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Auguste Cheval de Saint-Hubert (page does not exist)">Auguste Cheval de Saint-Hubert</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean-Arnaud_Raymond" title="Jean-Arnaud Raymond">Jean-Arnaud Raymond</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Percier" title="Charles Percier">Charles Percier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pierre_Fran%C3%A7ois_L%C3%A9onard_Fontaine" class="mw-redirect" title="Pierre François Léonard Fontaine">Pierre-François-Léonard Fontaine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/F%C3%A9lix_Duban" title="Félix Duban">Félix Louis Jacques Duban</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louis_Visconti" title="Louis Visconti">Louis-Tullius-Joachim Visconti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hector_Lefuel" class="mw-redirect" title="Hector Lefuel">Hector-Martin Lefuel</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Edmond_Jean_Baptiste_Guillaume&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Edmond Jean Baptiste Guillaume (page does not exist)">Edmond Jean Baptiste Guillaume</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gaston_Redon" title="Gaston Redon">Gaston Redon</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Victor-Auguste_Blavette&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Victor-Auguste Blavette (page does not exist)">Victor-Auguste Blavette</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Camille_Lef%C3%A8vre_(architect)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Camille Lefèvre (architect) (page does not exist)">Camille Lefèvre</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Albert_Ferran&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Albert Ferran (page does not exist)">Albert Ferran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/I._M._Pei" title="I. M. Pei">I. M. Pei</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#CCDDFF;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Tuileries_Palace" title="Tuileries Palace">Palais des Tuileries</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#CCDDFF">Sections in detail</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pavillon_de_Flore" title="Pavillon de Flore">Pavillon de Flore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pavillon_de_Marsan" title="Pavillon de Marsan">Pavillon de Marsan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Th%C3%A9%C3%A2tre_des_Tuileries" title="Théâtre des Tuileries">Théâtre des Tuileries</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#CCDDFF">Architects</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Philibert_de_l%27Orme" title="Philibert de l'Orme">Philibert de l'Orme</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean_Bullant" title="Jean Bullant">Jean Bullant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louis_Le_Vau" title="Louis Le Vau">Louis Le Vau</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#CCDDFF;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Tuileries_Palace" title="Tuileries Palace">Jardin des Tuileries</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#CCDDFF">Sections in detail</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mus%C3%A9e_de_l%27Orangerie" title="Musée de l'Orangerie">Musée de l'Orangerie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Galerie_nationale_du_Jeu_de_Paume" class="mw-redirect" title="Galerie nationale du Jeu de Paume">Galerie nationale du Jeu de Paume</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#CCDDFF">Architects</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Andr%C3%A9_Le_N%C3%B4tre" title="André Le Nôtre">André Le Nôtre</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Louvre_Museum" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Louvre_Museum" title="Template:Louvre Museum"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Louvre_Museum" title="Template talk:Louvre Museum"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Louvre_Museum" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Louvre Museum"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Louvre_Museum" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Louvre Museum</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible uncollapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="text-align: center;"><div id="Building" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Building</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Louvre_Colonnade" title="Louvre Colonnade">Louvre Colonnade</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lescot_Wing" title="Lescot Wing">Lescot Wing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pavillon_de_Flore" title="Pavillon de Flore">Pavillon de Flore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pavillon_de_l%27Horloge" title="Pavillon de l'Horloge">Pavillon de l'Horloge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louvre_Pyramid" title="Louvre Pyramid">Louvre Pyramid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pyramide_invers%C3%A9e" class="mw-redirect" title="Pyramide inversée">Pyramide inversée</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cour_Carr%C3%A9e" title="Cour Carrée">Cour Carrée</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Medieval_Louvre" class="mw-redirect" title="Medieval Louvre">Medieval Louvre</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible uncollapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="text-align: center;"><div id="Antiquities" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Antiquities</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: left;background-color: #eee;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Louvre_by_room_-_Near_Eastern_antiquities" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Louvre by room - Near Eastern antiquities">Near East</a> and Middle East</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%CA%BFAin_Ghazal_statues" class="mw-redirect" title="ʿAin Ghazal statues">ʿAin Ghazal statue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amarna_letter_EA_362" title="Amarna letter EA 362">Amarna letter EA 362</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amarna_letter_EA_364" title="Amarna letter EA 364">Amarna letter EA 364</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amarna_letter_EA_365" title="Amarna letter EA 365">Amarna letter EA 365</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amarna_letter_EA_367" title="Amarna letter EA 367">Amarna letter EA 367</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Assyrian_lion_weights" title="Assyrian lion weights">Assyrian lion weights</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baal_with_Thunderbolt" title="Baal with Thunderbolt">Baal with Thunderbolt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bushel_with_ibex_motifs" title="Bushel with ibex motifs">Bushel with ibex motifs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cippi_of_Melqart" title="Cippi of Melqart">Cippi of Melqart</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Code_of_Hammurabi" title="Code of Hammurabi">Code of Hammurabi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sarcophagus_of_Eshmunazar_II" title="Sarcophagus of Eshmunazar II">Sarcophagus of Eshmunazar II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gudea_cylinders" title="Gudea cylinders">Gudea cylinders</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hurrian_foundation_pegs" title="Hurrian foundation pegs">Hurrian foundation pegs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Investiture_of_Zimri-Lim" title="Investiture of Zimri-Lim">Investiture of Zimri-Lim</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lament_for_Ur" title="Lament for Ur">Lament for Ur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Land_grant_to_Marduk-apla-iddina_I_by_Meli-Shipak_II" title="Land grant to Marduk-apla-iddina I by Meli-Shipak II">Land grant to Marduk-apla-iddina I by Meli-Shipak II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Land_grant_to_Munnabittu_kudurru" title="Land grant to Munnabittu kudurru">Land grant to Munnabittu kudurru</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lion_of_Mari" title="Lion of Mari">Lion of Mari</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manishtushu#Manishtushu_Obelisk" title="Manishtushu">Manishtushu Obelisk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Masub_inscription" class="mw-redirect" title="Masub inscription">Masub inscription</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mesha_Stele" title="Mesha Stele">Mesha Stele</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Namara_inscription" title="Namara inscription">Namara inscription</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Narundi" title="Narundi">Narundi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nazareth_Inscription" title="Nazareth Inscription">Nazareth Inscription</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nazimarutta%C5%A1_kudurru_stone" title="Nazimaruttaš kudurru stone">Nazimaruttaš kudurru stone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neirab_steles" title="Neirab steles">Neirab steles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Osorkon_Bust" title="Osorkon Bust">Osorkon Bust</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phoenician_metal_bowls" title="Phoenician metal bowls">Phoenician metal bowls</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quintus_Marcius_trilingual_inscription" title="Quintus Marcius trilingual inscription">Quintus Marcius trilingual inscription</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sidon_Mithraeum" title="Sidon Mithraeum">Sidon Mithraeum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Statue_of_Iddi-Ilum" title="Statue of Iddi-Ilum">Statue of Iddi-Ilum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Statue_of_Ebih-Il" title="Statue of Ebih-Il">Statue of Ebih-Il</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stele_of_the_Vultures" title="Stele of the Vultures">Stele of the Vultures</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stele_of_Zakkur" title="Stele of Zakkur">Stele of Zakkur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tayma_stones" title="Tayma stones">Tayma stones</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tiara_of_Saitaferne" title="Tiara of Saitaferne">Tiara of Saitaferne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vase_of_Entemena" title="Vase of Entemena">Vase of Entemena</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Victory_Stele_of_Naram-Sin" title="Victory Stele of Naram-Sin">Victory Stele of Naram-Sin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Worshipper_of_Larsa" title="Worshipper of Larsa">Worshipper of Larsa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yehawmilk_Stele" title="Yehawmilk Stele">Yehawmilk Stele</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ziwiye_hoard" title="Ziwiye hoard">Ziwiye hoard</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: left;background-color: #eee;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Louvre_by_room_-_Egyptian_antiquities" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Louvre by room - Egyptian antiquities">Ancient Egypt</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gebel_el-Arak_Knife" title="Gebel el-Arak Knife">Gebel el-Arak Knife</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Seated_Scribe" title="The Seated Scribe">The Seated Scribe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Banishment_Stela" title="Banishment Stela">Banishment Stela</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bentresh_stela" title="Bentresh stela">Bentresh stela</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bronze_Sphinx_of_Thutmose_III" title="Bronze Sphinx of Thutmose III">Bronze Sphinx of Thutmose III</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cosmetic_Spoon:_Young_Girl_Swimming" title="Cosmetic Spoon: Young Girl Swimming">Cosmetic Spoon: Young Girl Swimming</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dendera_zodiac" title="Dendera zodiac">Dendera zodiac</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Great_Sphinx_of_Tanis" title="Great Sphinx of Tanis">Great Sphinx of Tanis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khonsuemheb_and_the_Ghost" title="Khonsuemheb and the Ghost">Khonsuemheb and the Ghost</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raherka_and_Meresankh" title="Raherka and Meresankh">Raherka and Meresankh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stela_of_Pasenhor" title="Stela of Pasenhor">Stela of Pasenhor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tomb_of_Akhethetep" title="Tomb of Akhethetep">Tomb of Akhethetep</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bull_Palette" title="Bull Palette">Bull Palette</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hunters_Palette" title="Hunters Palette">Hunters Palette</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Statue_of_Karomama,_the_Divine_Adoratrice_of_Amun" title="Statue of Karomama, the Divine Adoratrice of Amun">Statue of Karomama</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: left;background-color: #eee;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Louvre_by_room_-_Greek_antiquities" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Louvre by room - Greek antiquities">Greece</a> and <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Louvre_by_room_-_Roman_antiquities" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Louvre by room - Roman antiquities">Rome</a>, <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Louvre_by_room_-_Etruscan_antiquities" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Louvre by room - Etruscan antiquities">Etruscan</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Albani_lion" title="Albani lion">Albani lion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Altar_of_Domitius_Ahenobarbus" title="Altar of Domitius Ahenobarbus">Altar of Domitius Ahenobarbus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antinous_Mondragone" title="Antinous Mondragone">Antinous Mondragone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antioch_mosaics" title="Antioch mosaics">Antioch mosaics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apollo_Belvedere" title="Apollo Belvedere">Apollo Belvedere</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apollo_of_Mantua" title="Apollo of Mantua">Apollo of Mantua</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apollo_of_Piombino" title="Apollo of Piombino">Apollo of Piombino</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apollo_Sauroctonos" title="Apollo Sauroctonos">Apollo Sauroctonos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ares_Borghese" title="Ares Borghese">Ares Borghese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Athena_of_Velletri" title="Athena of Velletri">Athena of Velletri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barberini_ivory" title="Barberini ivory">Barberini ivory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Borghese_Collection" title="Borghese Collection">Borghese Collection</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Borghese_Gladiator" title="Borghese Gladiator">Borghese Gladiator</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Borghese_Vase" title="Borghese Vase">Borghese Vase</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Borghese_Venus" title="Borghese Venus">Borghese Venus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boscoreale_Treasure" title="Boscoreale Treasure">Boscoreale Treasure</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cupid_and_Psyche_(Capitoline_Museums)" title="Cupid and Psyche (Capitoline Museums)">Cupid and Psyche</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diana_of_Gabii" title="Diana of Gabii">Diana of Gabii</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diana_of_Versailles" title="Diana of Versailles">Diana of Versailles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dinos_of_the_Gorgon_Painter" title="Dinos of the Gorgon Painter">Dinos of the Gorgon Painter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dying_Gaul" title="Dying Gaul">Dying Gaul</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eurytios_Krater" title="Eurytios Krater">Eurytios Krater</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Furietti_Centaurs" title="Furietti Centaurs">Furietti Centaurs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gladiator_Mosaic" title="Gladiator Mosaic">Gladiator Mosaic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hera_Borghese" title="Hera Borghese">Hera Borghese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hercules_and_the_lion_of_Nemea_(Louvre_Museum,_L_31_MN_B909)" title="Hercules and the lion of Nemea (Louvre Museum, L 31 MN B909)">Hercules and the lion of Nemea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Judgement_of_Paris_(mosaic)" title="Judgement of Paris (mosaic)">Judgement of Paris (mosaic)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lady_of_Auxerre" title="Lady of Auxerre">Lady of Auxerre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Las_Incantadas" title="Las Incantadas">Las Incantadas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marcellus_as_Hermes_Logios" title="Marcellus as Hermes Logios">Marcellus as Hermes Logios</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nazareth_Inscription" title="Nazareth Inscription">Nazareth Inscription</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rampin_Rider" title="Rampin Rider">Rampin Rider</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sarcophagus_of_the_Spouses" title="Sarcophagus of the Spouses">Sarcophagus of the Spouses</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sleeping_Ariadne" title="Sleeping Ariadne">Sleeping Ariadne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sleeping_Hermaphroditus" title="Sleeping Hermaphroditus">Sleeping Hermaphroditus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Statue_of_the_Tiber_river_with_Romulus_and_Remus" title="Statue of the Tiber river with Romulus and Remus">Statue of the Tiber river with Romulus and Remus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Exaltation_of_the_Flower" title="The Exaltation of the Flower">The Exaltation of the Flower</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Venus_and_Mars_(sculpture)" title="Venus and Mars (sculpture)">Venus and Mars</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Venus_de_Milo" title="Venus de Milo">Venus de Milo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Venus_Genetrix_(sculpture)" title="Venus Genetrix (sculpture)">Venus Genetrix</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Venus_of_Arles" title="Venus of Arles">Venus of Arles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Winged_Lion_of_Vulci" title="Winged Lion of Vulci">Winged Lion of Vulci</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Winged_Victory_of_Samothrace" title="Winged Victory of Samothrace">Winged Victory of Samothrace</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: left;background-color: #eee;">Byzantine</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Harbaville_Triptych" title="Harbaville Triptych">Harbaville Triptych</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lampsacus_Treasure" title="Lampsacus Treasure">Lampsacus Treasure</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible uncollapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="text-align: center;"><div id="Paintings" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Paintings</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: left;background-color: #eee;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Louvre_by_room_-_French_paintings" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Louvre by room - French paintings">French</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Anonymous: <a href="/wiki/Diana_the_Huntress" title="Diana the Huntress">Diana the Huntress</a>; <a href="/wiki/Gabrielle_d%27Estr%C3%A9es_et_une_de_ses_s%C5%93urs" title="Gabrielle d'Estrées et une de ses sœurs">Gabrielle d'Estrées et une de ses sœurs</a></li> <li>Boilly: <a href="/wiki/Artists_in_Isabey%27s_Studio" title="Artists in Isabey's Studio">Artists in Isabey's Studio</a></li> <li>Boucher: <a href="/wiki/The_Brunette_Odalisque" title="The Brunette Odalisque">The Brunette Odalisque</a>; <a href="/wiki/Diana_Bathing_(Boucher)" title="Diana Bathing (Boucher)">Diana Bathing</a>; <a href="/wiki/Vulcan_Presenting_Venus_with_Arms_for_Aeneas_(Boucher)" title="Vulcan Presenting Venus with Arms for Aeneas (Boucher)">Vulcan Presenting Venus with Arms for Aeneas</a></li> <li>Chardin: <a href="/wiki/The_Attributes_of_Civilian_and_Military_Music" title="The Attributes of Civilian and Military Music">The Attributes of Civilian and Military Music</a>; <a href="/wiki/The_Attributes_of_Music,_the_Arts_and_the_Sciences" title="The Attributes of Music, the Arts and the Sciences">The Attributes of Music, the Arts and the Sciences</a>; <a href="/wiki/Boy_with_a_Spinning-Top" title="Boy with a Spinning-Top">Boy with a Spinning-Top</a>; <a href="/wiki/The_Buffet_(Chardin)" title="The Buffet (Chardin)">The Buffet</a>; <a href="/wiki/The_Ray_(Chardin)" title="The Ray (Chardin)">The Ray</a>; <a href="/wiki/Saying_Grace_(Chardin)" title="Saying Grace (Chardin)">Saying Grace</a></li> <li>Chassériau: <a href="/wiki/Aline_Chass%C3%A9riau" title="Aline Chassériau">Aline Chassériau</a>; <a href="/wiki/Self-Portrait_(Chass%C3%A9riau)" title="Self-Portrait (Chassériau)">Self-Portrait</a>; <a href="/wiki/The_Toilette_of_Esther" title="The Toilette of Esther">The Toilette of Esther</a>; <a href="/wiki/The_Two_Sisters_(Chass%C3%A9riau)" title="The Two Sisters (Chassériau)">The Two Sisters</a></li> <li>Claude: <a href="/wiki/Village_F%C3%AAte" title="Village Fête">Village Fête</a></li> <li>Corot: <a href="/wiki/The_Bridge_at_Narni" title="The Bridge at Narni">The Bridge at Narni</a></li> <li>David: <a href="/wiki/Andromache_Mourning_Hector" title="Andromache Mourning Hector">Andromache Mourning Hector</a>; <a href="/wiki/The_Coronation_of_Napoleon" title="The Coronation of Napoleon">The Coronation of Napoleon</a>; <a href="/wiki/The_Intervention_of_the_Sabine_Women" title="The Intervention of the Sabine Women">The Intervention of the Sabine Women</a>; <a href="/wiki/Leonidas_at_Thermopylae" title="Leonidas at Thermopylae">Leonidas at Thermopylae</a>; <a href="/wiki/The_Lictors_Bring_to_Brutus_the_Bodies_of_His_Sons" title="The Lictors Bring to Brutus the Bodies of His Sons">The Lictors Bring to Brutus the Bodies of His Sons</a>; <a href="/wiki/The_Loves_of_Paris_and_Helen" title="The Loves of Paris and Helen">The Loves of Paris and Helen</a>; <a href="/wiki/Minerva_Fighting_Mars" title="Minerva Fighting Mars">Minerva Fighting Mars</a>; <a href="/wiki/Oath_of_the_Horatii" title="Oath of the Horatii">Oath of the Horatii</a>; <a href="/wiki/Portrait_of_Madame_Marie-Louise_Trudaine" title="Portrait of Madame Marie-Louise Trudaine">Portrait of Madame Marie-Louise Trudaine</a>; <a href="/wiki/Portrait_of_Madame_R%C3%A9camier" title="Portrait of Madame Récamier">Portrait of Madame Récamier</a>; <a href="/wiki/Portrait_of_Pope_Pius_VII" title="Portrait of Pope Pius VII">Portrait of Pope Pius VII</a>; <a href="/wiki/Self-Portrait_(David)" title="Self-Portrait (David)">Self-Portrait</a></li> <li>Delacroix: <a href="/wiki/The_Barque_of_Dante" title="The Barque of Dante">The Barque of Dante</a>; <a href="/wiki/The_Bride_of_Abydos_(Delacroix)" title="The Bride of Abydos (Delacroix)">The Bride of Abydos</a>; <a href="/wiki/The_Death_of_Sardanapalus" title="The Death of Sardanapalus">The Death of Sardanapalus</a>; <a href="/wiki/Entry_of_the_Crusaders_in_Constantinople" title="Entry of the Crusaders in Constantinople">Entry of the Crusaders in Constantinople</a>; <a href="/wiki/Liberty_Leading_the_People" title="Liberty Leading the People">Liberty Leading the People</a>; <a href="/wiki/Lion_Devouring_a_Rabbit" title="Lion Devouring a Rabbit">Lion Devouring a Rabbit</a>; <a href="/wiki/Mademoiselle_Rose" title="Mademoiselle Rose">Mademoiselle Rose</a>; <a href="/wiki/The_Massacre_at_Chios" title="The Massacre at Chios">The Massacre at Chios</a>; <a href="/wiki/The_Murder_of_the_Bishop_of_Li%C3%A8ge" title="The Murder of the Bishop of Liège">The Murder of the Bishop of Liège</a>; <a href="/wiki/Orphan_Girl_at_the_Cemetery" title="Orphan Girl at the Cemetery">Orphan Girl at the Cemetery</a>; <a href="/wiki/Portrait_of_Fr%C3%A9d%C3%A9ric_Chopin_and_George_Sand" title="Portrait of Frédéric Chopin and George Sand">Portrait of Frédéric Chopin</a>; <a href="/wiki/The_Picador_(watercolour_painting)" title="The Picador (watercolour painting)">The Picador</a>; <a href="/wiki/Women_of_Algiers" title="Women of Algiers">Women of Algiers</a>; <a href="/wiki/A_Young_Tiger_Playing_with_Its_Mother" title="A Young Tiger Playing with Its Mother">A Young Tiger Playing with Its Mother</a></li> <li>Delaroche: <a href="/wiki/Bonaparte_Crossing_the_Alps" title="Bonaparte Crossing the Alps">Bonaparte Crossing the Alps</a>; <a href="/wiki/The_Children_of_Edward" title="The Children of Edward">The Children of Edward</a>; <a href="/wiki/The_Young_Martyr" title="The Young Martyr">The Young Martyr</a></li> <li>Flandrin: <a href="/wiki/Study_(Young_Male_Nude_Seated_Beside_the_Sea)" title="Study (Young Male Nude Seated Beside the Sea)">Study (Young Male Nude Seated Beside the Sea)</a></li> <li>Fragonard:  <a href="/wiki/Adoration_of_the_Shepherds_(Fragonard)" title="Adoration of the Shepherds (Fragonard)">Adoration of the Shepherds</a>; <a href="/wiki/Coresus_Sacrificing_Himself_to_Save_Callirhoe" title="Coresus Sacrificing Himself to Save Callirhoe">Coresus Sacrificing Himself to Save Callirhoe</a>; <a href="/wiki/The_Bolt_(Fragonard)" title="The Bolt (Fragonard)">The Bolt</a></li> <li>Géricault: <a href="/wiki/The_1821_Derby_at_Epsom" title="The 1821 Derby at Epsom">The 1821 Derby at Epsom</a>; <a href="/wiki/The_Charging_Chasseur" title="The Charging Chasseur">The Charging Chasseur</a>; <a href="/wiki/The_Raft_of_the_Medusa" title="The Raft of the Medusa">The Raft of the Medusa</a>; <a href="/wiki/The_Woman_with_a_Gambling_Mania" title="The Woman with a Gambling Mania">The Woman with a Gambling Mania</a>; <a href="/wiki/The_Wounded_Cuirassier" title="The Wounded Cuirassier">The Wounded Cuirassier</a></li> <li>Greuze: <a href="/wiki/The_Bible_Reading" title="The Bible Reading">The Bible Reading</a>; <a href="/wiki/The_Broken_Vessel" title="The Broken Vessel">The Broken Vessel</a>; <a href="/wiki/The_Father%27s_Curse" title="The Father's Curse">The Father's Curse</a>; <a href="/wiki/The_Village_Bride" title="The Village Bride">The Village Bride</a></li> <li>Gros: <a href="/wiki/Bonaparte_at_the_Pont_d%27Arcole" title="Bonaparte at the Pont d'Arcole">Bonaparte at the Pont d'Arcole</a>; <a href="/wiki/Bonaparte_Visiting_the_Plague_Victims_of_Jaffa" title="Bonaparte Visiting the Plague Victims of Jaffa">Bonaparte Visiting the Plague Victims of Jaffa</a>; <a href="/wiki/Equestrian_Portrait_of_Joachim_Murat,_King_of_Naples" title="Equestrian Portrait of Joachim Murat, King of Naples">Equestrian Portrait of Joachim Murat, King of Naples</a>; <a href="/wiki/Napol%C3%A9on_on_the_Battlefield_of_Eylau" title="Napoléon on the Battlefield of Eylau">Napoléon on the Battlefield of Eylau</a></li> <li>Guérin: <a href="/wiki/Jeune_fille_en_buste" class="mw-redirect" title="Jeune fille en buste">Jeune fille en buste</a></li> <li>Huet: <a href="/wiki/The_Flood_of_Saint-Cloud" title="The Flood of Saint-Cloud">The Flood of Saint-Cloud</a>; <a href="/wiki/Normandy_Thatched_Cottage,_Old_Trouville" title="Normandy Thatched Cottage, Old Trouville">Normandy Thatched Cottage, Old Trouville</a></li> <li>Ingres: <a href="/wiki/The_Apotheosis_of_Homer_(Ingres)" title="The Apotheosis of Homer (Ingres)">The Apotheosis of Homer</a>; <a href="/wiki/Don_Pedro_of_Toledo_Kissing_Henry_IV%27s_Sword" title="Don Pedro of Toledo Kissing Henry IV's Sword">Don Pedro of Toledo Kissing Henry IV's Sword</a>; <a href="/wiki/Grande_Odalisque" title="Grande Odalisque">Grande Odalisque</a>; <a href="/wiki/Joan_of_Arc_at_the_Coronation_of_Charles_VII" title="Joan of Arc at the Coronation of Charles VII">Joan of Arc at the Coronation of Charles VII</a>; <a href="/wiki/Mademoiselle_Caroline_Rivi%C3%A8re" title="Mademoiselle Caroline Rivière">Mademoiselle Caroline Rivière</a>; <a href="/wiki/Oedipus_and_the_Sphinx_(Ingres)" title="Oedipus and the Sphinx (Ingres)">Oedipus and the Sphinx</a>; <a href="/wiki/Portrait_of_Madame_Marcotte_de_Sainte-Marie" title="Portrait of Madame Marcotte de Sainte-Marie">Portrait of Madame Marcotte de Sainte-Marie</a>; <a href="/wiki/Portrait_of_Monsieur_Bertin" title="Portrait of Monsieur Bertin">Portrait of Monsieur Bertin</a>; <a href="/wiki/Roger_Freeing_Angelica_(Ingres)" title="Roger Freeing Angelica (Ingres)">Roger Freeing Angelica</a>; <a href="/wiki/The_Turkish_Bath" title="The Turkish Bath">The Turkish Bath</a>; <a href="/wiki/The_Valpin%C3%A7on_Bather" title="The Valpinçon Bather">The Valpinçon Bather</a></li> <li>La Tour: <a href="/wiki/The_Adoration_of_the_Shepherds_(de_la_Tour)" class="mw-redirect" title="The Adoration of the Shepherds (de la Tour)">The Adoration of the Shepherds</a>; <a href="/wiki/The_Card_Sharp_with_the_Ace_of_Diamonds" title="The Card Sharp with the Ace of Diamonds">The Card Sharp with the Ace of Diamonds</a>; <a href="/wiki/Joseph_the_Carpenter" title="Joseph the Carpenter">Joseph the Carpenter</a>; <a href="/wiki/Magdalene_with_the_Smoking_Flame" title="Magdalene with the Smoking Flame">Magdalene with the Smoking Flame</a>; <a href="/wiki/Saint_Sebastian_Tended_by_Saint_Irene_(Georges_de_La_Tour,_Louvre)" title="Saint Sebastian Tended by Saint Irene (Georges de La Tour, Louvre)">Saint Sebastian Tended by Saint Irene</a></li> <li>Philippe de Champaigne: <a href="/wiki/Ex-Voto_de_1662" title="Ex-Voto de 1662">Ex-Voto de 1662</a></li> <li>Poussin: <a href="/wiki/Camillus_Handing_the_Falerian_Schoolmaster_over_to_his_Pupils" title="Camillus Handing the Falerian Schoolmaster over to his Pupils">Camillus Handing the Falerian Schoolmaster over to his Pupils</a>; <a href="/wiki/Et_in_Arcadia_ego_(Poussin)" title="Et in Arcadia ego (Poussin)">Et in Arcadia ego</a>; <a href="/wiki/The_Four_Seasons_(Poussin)" title="The Four Seasons (Poussin)">The Four Seasons</a>; <a href="/wiki/The_Funeral_of_Phocion" title="The Funeral of Phocion">The Funeral of Phocion</a>; <a href="/wiki/The_Inspiration_of_the_Poet" title="The Inspiration of the Poet">The Inspiration of the Poet</a>; <a href="/wiki/Landscape_with_Orpheus_and_Eurydice" title="Landscape with Orpheus and Eurydice">Landscape with Orpheus and Eurydice</a></li> <li>Quarton: <a href="/wiki/Piet%C3%A0_of_Villeneuve-l%C3%A8s-Avignon" title="Pietà of Villeneuve-lès-Avignon">Pietà of Villeneuve-lès-Avignon</a></li> <li>Robert: <a href="/wiki/Principal_Monuments_of_France" title="Principal Monuments of France">Principal Monuments of France</a>; <a href="/wiki/Project_for_the_Transformation_of_the_Grande_Galerie_du_Louvre" title="Project for the Transformation of the Grande Galerie du Louvre">Project for the Transformation of the Grande Galerie du Louvre</a></li> <li>Scheffer: <a href="/wiki/Francesca_da_Rimini_and_Paolo_Malatesta_Appraised_by_Dante_and_Virgil" title="Francesca da Rimini and Paolo Malatesta Appraised by Dante and Virgil">Francesca da Rimini and Paolo Malatesta Appraised by Dante and Virgil</a></li> <li>Vernet: <a href="/wiki/A_Mediterranean_Port" title="A Mediterranean Port">A Mediterranean Port</a></li> <li>Vouet: <a href="/wiki/Allegory_of_Wealth" title="Allegory of Wealth">Allegory of Wealth</a>; <a href="/wiki/Hesselin_Madonna" title="Hesselin Madonna">Hesselin Madonna</a></li> <li>Watteau: <a href="/wiki/The_Embarkation_for_Cythera" title="The Embarkation for Cythera">The Embarkation for Cythera</a>; <a href="/wiki/The_Faux_Pas" title="The Faux Pas">The Faux Pas</a>; <a href="/wiki/L%27Indiff%C3%A9rent" title="L'Indifférent">L'Indifférent</a>; <a href="/wiki/Jupiter_and_Antiope_(Watteau)" title="Jupiter and Antiope (Watteau)">Jupiter and Antiope</a>; <a href="/wiki/Pierrot_(painting)" class="mw-redirect" title="Pierrot (painting)">Pierrot</a>; <a href="/wiki/The_Two_Cousins" title="The Two Cousins">The Two Cousins</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: left;background-color: #eee;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Louvre_by_room_-_Italian_paintings" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Louvre by room - Italian paintings">Italian</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Fra Angelico: <a href="/wiki/Coronation_of_the_Virgin_(Fra_Angelico,_Louvre)" title="Coronation of the Virgin (Fra Angelico, Louvre)">Coronation of the Virgin</a></li> <li>Antonello da Messina: <a href="/wiki/Christ_at_the_Column_(Antonello_da_Messina)" title="Christ at the Column (Antonello da Messina)">Christ at the Column</a></li> <li>Arcimboldo: <a href="/wiki/The_Four_Seasons_(Arcimboldo)" title="The Four Seasons (Arcimboldo)">The Four Seasons</a></li> <li>Bellini: <a href="/wiki/Christ_Blessing_(Bellini,_1460)" title="Christ Blessing (Bellini, 1460)">Christ Blessing</a>; <a href="/wiki/Madonna_and_Child_with_Saint_Peter_and_Saint_Sebastian" title="Madonna and Child with Saint Peter and Saint Sebastian">Madonna and Child with Saint Peter and Saint Sebastian</a>; <a href="/wiki/Portrait_of_a_Young_Man_(Bellini,_Paris)" title="Portrait of a Young Man (Bellini, Paris)">Portrait of a Young Man</a></li> <li>Botticelli: <a href="/wiki/Life_of_Esther" title="Life of Esther">Three Scenes from the Life of Esther</a>; <a href="/wiki/Venus_and_the_Three_Graces_Presenting_Gifts_to_a_Young_Woman" title="Venus and the Three Graces Presenting Gifts to a Young Woman">Venus and the Three Graces Presenting Gifts to a Young Woman</a>; <a href="/wiki/A_Young_Man_Being_Introduced_to_the_Seven_Liberal_Arts" title="A Young Man Being Introduced to the Seven Liberal Arts">A Young Man Being Introduced to the Seven Liberal Arts</a></li> <li>Caravaggio: <a href="/wiki/Death_of_the_Virgin_(Caravaggio)" title="Death of the Virgin (Caravaggio)">Death of the Virgin</a>; <a href="/wiki/The_Fortune_Teller_(Caravaggio)" title="The Fortune Teller (Caravaggio)">The Fortune Teller</a>; <a href="/wiki/Portrait_of_Alof_de_Wignacourt_and_his_Page" title="Portrait of Alof de Wignacourt and his Page">Portrait of Alof de Wignacourt and his Page</a></li> <li>Carpaccio: <a href="/wiki/The_Sermon_of_St._Stephen_(Carpaccio)" title="The Sermon of St. Stephen (Carpaccio)">The Sermon of St. Stephen</a></li> <li>Carracci: <a href="/wiki/Fishing_(Carracci)" title="Fishing (Carracci)">Fishing</a>; <a href="/wiki/Hunting_(Carracci)" title="Hunting (Carracci)">Hunting</a></li> <li>Cimabue: <a href="/wiki/Maest%C3%A0_(Cimabue)" title="Maestà (Cimabue)">Maestà</a></li> <li>Correggio: <a href="/wiki/Allegory_of_Vice_(Correggio)" title="Allegory of Vice (Correggio)">Allegory of Vice</a>; <a href="/wiki/Allegory_of_Virtue_(Correggio)" title="Allegory of Virtue (Correggio)">Allegory of Virtue</a>; <a href="/wiki/Mystic_Marriage_of_Saint_Catherine_(Correggio,_Paris)" title="Mystic Marriage of Saint Catherine (Correggio, Paris)">Mystic Marriage of Saint Catherine</a>; <a href="/wiki/Venus_and_Cupid_with_a_Satyr" title="Venus and Cupid with a Satyr">Venus and Cupid with a Satyr</a></li> <li>Costa: <a href="/wiki/Allegory_of_Isabella_d%27Este%27s_Coronation" title="Allegory of Isabella d'Este's Coronation">Allegory of Isabella d'Este's Coronation</a>; <a href="/wiki/Reign_of_Comus_(Lorenzo_Costa)" title="Reign of Comus (Lorenzo Costa)">Reign of Comus</a></li> <li>Ghirlandaio: <a href="/wiki/An_Old_Man_and_his_Grandson" title="An Old Man and his Grandson">An Old Man and his Grandson</a>; <a href="/wiki/Visitation_(Ghirlandaio)" title="Visitation (Ghirlandaio)">Visitation</a></li> <li>Giordano: <a href="/wiki/Adoration_of_the_Shepherds_(Giordano)" title="Adoration of the Shepherds (Giordano)">Adoration of the Shepherds</a>; <a href="/wiki/Marriage_of_the_Virgin_(Giordano)" title="Marriage of the Virgin (Giordano)">Marriage of the Virgin</a></li> <li>Giotto: <a href="/wiki/Saint_Francis_Receiving_the_Stigmata_(Giotto)" title="Saint Francis Receiving the Stigmata (Giotto)">Saint Francis Receiving the Stigmata</a></li> <li>Guardi: <a href="/wiki/The_Doge_on_the_Bucintoro_near_the_Riva_di_Sant%27Elena" title="The Doge on the Bucintoro near the Riva di Sant'Elena">The Doge on the Bucintoro near the Riva di Sant'Elena</a></li> <li>Leonardo: <a href="/wiki/Bacchus_(Leonardo)" title="Bacchus (Leonardo)">Bacchus</a>; <a href="/wiki/La_belle_ferronni%C3%A8re" class="mw-redirect" title="La belle ferronnière">La belle ferronnière</a>; <a href="/wiki/Mona_Lisa" title="Mona Lisa">Mona Lisa</a>; <a href="/wiki/Saint_John_the_Baptist_(Leonardo)" title="Saint John the Baptist (Leonardo)">Saint John the Baptist</a>; <a href="/wiki/The_Virgin_and_Child_with_Saint_Anne_(Leonardo)" title="The Virgin and Child with Saint Anne (Leonardo)">The Virgin and Child with Saint Anne</a>; <a href="/wiki/Virgin_of_the_Rocks" title="Virgin of the Rocks">Virgin of the Rocks</a></li> <li>Lippi: <a href="/wiki/Barbadori_Altarpiece" title="Barbadori Altarpiece">Barbadori Altarpiece</a>; <a href="/wiki/Novitiate_Altarpiece" title="Novitiate Altarpiece">The Healing of Justinian the Canon</a>; <a href="/wiki/Novitiate_Altarpiece" title="Novitiate Altarpiece">Saint Francis Receiving the Stigmata</a></li> <li>Lotto: <a href="/wiki/Christ_Carrying_the_Cross_(Lotto)" title="Christ Carrying the Cross (Lotto)">Christ Carrying the Cross</a>; <a href="/wiki/Holy_Family_with_the_Family_of_St_John_the_Baptist" title="Holy Family with the Family of St John the Baptist">Holy Family with the Family of St John the Baptist</a>; <a href="/wiki/Saint_Jerome_in_Penitence_(Lotto,_Paris)" title="Saint Jerome in Penitence (Lotto, Paris)">Saint Jerome in Penitence</a></li> <li>Mantegna: <a href="/wiki/Crucifixion_(Mantegna)" title="Crucifixion (Mantegna)">Crucifixion</a>; <a href="/wiki/Judgement_of_Solomon_(Mantegna)" title="Judgement of Solomon (Mantegna)">Judgement of Solomon</a>; <a href="/wiki/Madonna_della_Vittoria" title="Madonna della Vittoria">Madonna della Vittoria</a>; <a href="/wiki/Parnassus_(Mantegna)" title="Parnassus (Mantegna)">Parnassus</a>; <a href="/wiki/Saint_Sebastian_(Mantegna,_Paris)" class="mw-redirect" title="Saint Sebastian (Mantegna, Paris)">Saint Sebastian</a>; <a href="/wiki/Triumph_of_the_Virtues_(Mantegna)" title="Triumph of the Virtues (Mantegna)">Triumph of the Virtues</a></li> <li>Martini: <a href="/wiki/Orsini_Polyptych" title="Orsini Polyptych">The Carrying of the Cross</a></li> <li>Moretto: <a href="/wiki/Assumption_Altarpiece" title="Assumption Altarpiece">Saints Bonaventure and Anthony of Padua</a>; <a href="/wiki/Assumption_Altarpiece" title="Assumption Altarpiece">Saints Bernardino of Siena and Louis of Toulouse</a></li> <li>Palmezzano: <a href="/wiki/Dead_Christ_(Palmezzano)" title="Dead Christ (Palmezzano)">Dead Christ</a></li> <li>Panini: <a href="/wiki/Ancient_Rome_(painting)" title="Ancient Rome (painting)">Ancient Rome</a></li> <li>Parmigianino: <a href="/wiki/Mystic_Marriage_of_Saint_Catherine_(Parmigianino,_Louvre)" title="Mystic Marriage of Saint Catherine (Parmigianino, Louvre)">Mystic Marriage of Saint Catherine</a></li> <li>Perugino: <a href="/wiki/Apollo_and_Daphnis_(Perugino)" class="mw-redirect" title="Apollo and Daphnis (Perugino)">Apollo and Daphnis</a>; <a href="/wiki/The_Battle_Between_Love_and_Chastity" title="The Battle Between Love and Chastity">The Battle Between Love and Chastity</a>; <a href="/wiki/Madonna_and_Child_with_St_John_the_Baptist_and_St_Catherine_of_Alexandria_(Perugino)" title="Madonna and Child with St John the Baptist and St Catherine of Alexandria (Perugino)">Madonna and Child with St John the Baptist and St Catherine of Alexandria</a>; <a href="/wiki/Madonna_and_Child_with_St_Rose_and_St_Catherine" title="Madonna and Child with St Rose and St Catherine">Madonna and Child with St Rose and St Catherine</a> (with Ingegno); <a href="/wiki/St_Sebastian_(Perugino,_Louvre)" title="St Sebastian (Perugino, Louvre)">St Sebastian</a>; <a href="/wiki/Sant%27Agostino_Altarpiece" title="Sant'Agostino Altarpiece">Young Saint with a Sword</a></li> <li>Piero della Francesca: <a href="/wiki/Portrait_of_Sigismondo_Pandolfo_Malatesta" title="Portrait of Sigismondo Pandolfo Malatesta">Portrait of Sigismondo Pandolfo Malatesta</a></li> <li>Pisanello: <a href="/wiki/Portrait_of_a_Princess_(Pisanello)" title="Portrait of a Princess (Pisanello)">Portrait of a Princess</a></li> <li>Pittoni: <a href="/wiki/The_Continence_of_Scipio_(Pittoni)" title="The Continence of Scipio (Pittoni)">The Continence of Scipio</a>; <a href="/wiki/Christ_Giving_the_Keys_to_Saint_Peter_(Pittoni)" title="Christ Giving the Keys to Saint Peter (Pittoni)">Christ Giving the Keys to Saint Peter</a></li> <li>Raphael: <a href="/wiki/Baronci_Altarpiece" title="Baronci Altarpiece">Angel Holding a Phylactery</a>; <a href="/wiki/La_belle_jardini%C3%A8re" title="La belle jardinière">La belle jardinière</a>; <a href="/wiki/Holy_Family_of_Francis_I" title="Holy Family of Francis I">Holy Family of Francis I</a>; <a href="/wiki/Madonna_with_the_Blue_Diadem" title="Madonna with the Blue Diadem">Madonna with the Blue Diadem</a> (with Penni); <a href="/wiki/Portrait_of_Baldassare_Castiglione" title="Portrait of Baldassare Castiglione">Portrait of Baldassare Castiglione</a>; <a href="/wiki/Saint_George_(Raphael,_Louvre)" title="Saint George (Raphael, Louvre)">Saint George</a>; <a href="/wiki/Saint_Michael_(Raphael)" title="Saint Michael (Raphael)">Saint Michael</a>; <a href="/wiki/Saint_Michael_Vanquishing_Satan" title="Saint Michael Vanquishing Satan">Saint Michael Vanquishing Satan</a>; <a href="/wiki/Self-Portrait_with_a_Friend" title="Self-Portrait with a Friend">Self-Portrait with a Friend</a>; <a href="/wiki/Small_Holy_Family" title="Small Holy Family">Small Holy Family</a></li> <li>Reni: <a href="/wiki/The_Abduction_of_Helen_(Reni)" title="The Abduction of Helen (Reni)">The Abduction of Helen</a>; <a href="/wiki/Annunciation_(Reni)" title="Annunciation (Reni)">Annunciation</a></li> <li>Romano: <a href="/wiki/Portrait_of_Do%C3%B1a_Isabel_de_Requesens_y_Enr%C3%ADquez_de_Cardona-Anglesola" title="Portrait of Doña Isabel de Requesens y Enríquez de Cardona-Anglesola">Portrait of Doña Isabel de Requesens y Enríquez de Cardona-Anglesola</a> (with Raphael)</li> <li>Salviati: <a href="/wiki/The_Incredulity_of_Saint_Thomas_(Salviati)" title="The Incredulity of Saint Thomas (Salviati)">The Incredulity of Saint Thomas</a></li> <li>Savoldo: <a href="/wiki/Portrait_of_a_Clad_Warrior_(Savoldo)" class="mw-redirect" title="Portrait of a Clad Warrior (Savoldo)">Portrait of a Clad Warrior</a></li> <li>Signorelli: <a href="/wiki/Adoration_of_the_Magi_(Signorelli)" title="Adoration of the Magi (Signorelli)">Adoration of the Magi</a>; <a href="/wiki/Birth_of_John_the_Baptist_(Signorelli)" title="Birth of John the Baptist (Signorelli)">Birth of John the Baptist</a></li> <li>Tintoretto: <a href="/wiki/Self_Portrait_(Tintoretto)" title="Self Portrait (Tintoretto)">Self Portrait</a></li> <li>Titian: <a href="/wiki/Allegory_of_Marriage" title="Allegory of Marriage">Allegory of Marriage</a>; <a href="/wiki/The_Crowning_with_Thorns_(Titian,_Paris)" title="The Crowning with Thorns (Titian, Paris)">The Crowning with Thorns</a>; <a href="/wiki/The_Entombment_of_Christ_(Titian)" title="The Entombment of Christ (Titian)">The Entombment of Christ</a>; <a href="/wiki/Madonna_of_the_Rabbit" title="Madonna of the Rabbit">Madonna of the Rabbit</a>; <a href="/wiki/Man_with_a_Glove" title="Man with a Glove">Man with a Glove</a>; <a href="/wiki/Pardo_Venus" title="Pardo Venus">Pardo Venus</a>; <a href="/wiki/Pastoral_Concert" title="Pastoral Concert">Pastoral Concert</a> (also attributed to Giorgione); <a href="/wiki/Pilgrims_at_Emmaus" title="Pilgrims at Emmaus">Pilgrims at Emmaus</a>; <a href="/wiki/Saint_Jerome_in_Penitence_(Titian,_1531)" title="Saint Jerome in Penitence (Titian, 1531)">Saint Jerome in Penitence</a>; <a href="/wiki/Virgin_and_Child_with_Saints_Stephen,_Jerome_and_Maurice_(Titian,_Paris)" title="Virgin and Child with Saints Stephen, Jerome and Maurice (Titian, Paris)">Virgin and Child with Saints Stephen, Jerome and Maurice</a>; <a href="/wiki/Woman_with_a_Mirror" title="Woman with a Mirror">Woman with a Mirror</a></li> <li>Tura: <a href="/wiki/Roverella_Altarpiece" title="Roverella Altarpiece">Pietà with Saints</a></li> <li>Uccello: <a href="/wiki/The_Battle_of_San_Romano" title="The Battle of San Romano">The Battle of San Romano</a></li> <li>Veronese: <a href="/wiki/The_Wedding_at_Cana_(Veronese)" title="The Wedding at Cana (Veronese)">The Wedding at Cana</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: left;background-color: #eee;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Louvre_by_room_-_Northern_Schools" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Louvre by room - Northern Schools">Northern</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Bosch: <a href="/wiki/Ship_of_Fools_(painting)" title="Ship of Fools (painting)">Ship of Fools</a></li> <li>Bruegel: <a href="/wiki/The_Beggars" title="The Beggars">The Beggars</a></li> <li>Christus: <a href="/wiki/Lamentation_(Piet%C3%A0)" title="Lamentation (Pietà)">Lamentation (Pietà)</a></li> <li>David: <a href="/wiki/Cervara_Altarpiece" title="Cervara Altarpiece">Cervara Altarpiece</a>; <a href="/wiki/Triptych_of_the_Sedano_family" title="Triptych of the Sedano family">Triptych of the Sedano family</a></li> <li>Dürer: <a href="/wiki/Portrait_of_the_Artist_Holding_a_Thistle" title="Portrait of the Artist Holding a Thistle">Portrait of the Artist Holding a Thistle</a></li> <li>van Dyck: <a href="/wiki/Charles_I_at_the_Hunt" title="Charles I at the Hunt">Charles I at the Hunt</a>; <a href="/wiki/Crucifixion_with_the_Virgin_Mary,_St_John_and_St_Mary_Magdalene" class="mw-redirect" title="Crucifixion with the Virgin Mary, St John and St Mary Magdalene">Crucifixion with the Virgin Mary, St John and St Mary Magdalene</a>; <a href="/wiki/Madonna_and_Child_with_Two_Donors_(van_Dyck)" title="Madonna and Child with Two Donors (van Dyck)">Madonna and Child with Two Donors</a></li> <li>van Eyck: <a href="/wiki/Madonna_of_Chancellor_Rolin" title="Madonna of Chancellor Rolin">Madonna of Chancellor Rolin</a></li> <li>Friedrich: <a href="/wiki/The_Tree_of_Crows" title="The Tree of Crows">The Tree of Crows</a>; <a href="/wiki/Seaside_by_Moonlight" title="Seaside by Moonlight">Seaside by Moonlight</a></li> <li>Hals: <a href="/wiki/Catharina_Both-van_der_Eem" title="Catharina Both-van der Eem">Catharina Both-van der Eem</a>; <a href="/wiki/The_Gypsy_Girl_(Hals)" title="The Gypsy Girl (Hals)">The Gypsy Girl</a>; <a href="/wiki/The_Lute_Player_(Hals)" title="The Lute Player (Hals)">The Lute Player</a></li> <li>Holbein: <a href="/wiki/Portrait_of_Erasmus_of_Rotterdam" title="Portrait of Erasmus of Rotterdam">Portrait of Erasmus of Rotterdam</a>; <a href="/wiki/Portrait_of_Nicolaus_Kratzer" title="Portrait of Nicolaus Kratzer">Portrait of Nicolaus Kratzer</a></li> <li>de Hooch: <a href="/wiki/Card_Players_in_a_Rich_Interior" title="Card Players in a Rich Interior">Card Players in a Rich Interior</a></li> <li>Jordaens: <a href="/wiki/The_Four_Evangelists_(Jordaens)" title="The Four Evangelists (Jordaens)">The Four Evangelists</a></li> <li>Matsys: <a href="/wiki/The_Money_Changer_and_His_Wife" title="The Money Changer and His Wife">The Money Changer and His Wife</a></li> <li>Memling: <a href="/wiki/Diptych_of_an_elderly_couple" title="Diptych of an elderly couple">Diptych of an elderly couple</a></li> <li>Metsu: <a href="/wiki/The_Vegetable_Market_in_Amsterdam" title="The Vegetable Market in Amsterdam">The Vegetable Market in Amsterdam</a></li> <li>Rembrandt: <a href="/wiki/The_Archangel_Raphael_Leaving_Tobias%27_Family" title="The Archangel Raphael Leaving Tobias' Family">The Archangel Raphael Leaving Tobias' Family</a>; <a href="/wiki/Bathsheba_at_Her_Bath_(Rembrandt)" title="Bathsheba at Her Bath (Rembrandt)">Bathsheba at Her Bath</a>; <a href="/wiki/Landscape_with_a_Castle" title="Landscape with a Castle">Landscape with a Castle</a>; <a href="/wiki/Pendant_portraits_of_Marten_Soolmans_and_Oopjen_Coppit" class="mw-redirect" title="Pendant portraits of Marten Soolmans and Oopjen Coppit">Pendant portraits of Marten Soolmans and Oopjen Coppit</a>; <a href="/wiki/Philosopher_in_Meditation" title="Philosopher in Meditation">Philosopher in Meditation</a>; <a href="/wiki/Saint_Matthew_and_the_Angel_(Rembrandt)" title="Saint Matthew and the Angel (Rembrandt)">Saint Matthew and the Angel</a>; <a href="/wiki/Self-Portrait_(Rembrandt,_Louvre)" title="Self-Portrait (Rembrandt, Louvre)">Self-Portrait</a>; <a href="/wiki/Slaughtered_Ox" title="Slaughtered Ox">Slaughtered Ox</a></li> <li>Rubens: <a href="/wiki/Helena_Fourment_with_a_Carriage" title="Helena Fourment with a Carriage">Helena Fourment with a Carriage</a>; <a href="/wiki/Helena_Fourment_with_Children" title="Helena Fourment with Children">Helena Fourment with Children</a>; <a href="/wiki/Hercules_and_Omphale_(Rubens)" title="Hercules and Omphale (Rubens)">Hercules and Omphale</a>; <a href="/wiki/Ixion,_King_of_the_Lapiths,_Deceived_by_Juno,_Who_He_Wished_to_Seduce" title="Ixion, King of the Lapiths, Deceived by Juno, Who He Wished to Seduce">Ixion, King of the Lapiths, Deceived by Juno, Who He Wished to Seduce</a>; <a href="/wiki/Marie_de%27_Medici_cycle" title="Marie de' Medici cycle">Marie de' Medici cycle</a>; <a href="/wiki/The_Village_F%C3%AAte_(Rubens)" title="The Village Fête (Rubens)">The Village Fête</a>; <a href="/wiki/The_Virgin_and_Child_Surrounded_by_the_Holy_Innocents" title="The Virgin and Child Surrounded by the Holy Innocents">The Virgin and Child Surrounded by the Holy Innocents</a></li> <li>Ruisdael: <a href="/wiki/Dune_Landscape_near_Haarlem" title="Dune Landscape near Haarlem">Dune Landscape near Haarlem</a>; <a href="/wiki/The_Ray_of_Light" title="The Ray of Light">The Ray of Light</a>; <a href="/wiki/Storm_Off_a_Sea_Coast" title="Storm Off a Sea Coast">Storm Off a Sea Coast</a></li> <li>Scheffer: <a href="/wiki/Francesca_da_Rimini_and_Paolo_Malatesta_Appraised_by_Dante_and_Virgil" title="Francesca da Rimini and Paolo Malatesta Appraised by Dante and Virgil">Francesca da Rimini and Paolo Malatesta Appraised by Dante and Virgil</a></li> <li>Vermeer: <a href="/wiki/The_Astronomer_(Vermeer)" title="The Astronomer (Vermeer)">The Astronomer</a>; <a href="/wiki/The_Lacemaker_(Vermeer)" title="The Lacemaker (Vermeer)">The Lacemaker</a></li> <li>van der Weyden: <a href="/wiki/Annunciation_Triptych_(Rogier_van_der_Weyden)" class="mw-redirect" title="Annunciation Triptych (Rogier van der Weyden)">Annunciation Triptych</a>; <a href="/wiki/Braque_Triptych" title="Braque Triptych">Braque Triptych</a></li> <li>Wtewael: <a href="/wiki/Perseus_Freeing_Andromeda_(Wtewael)" title="Perseus Freeing Andromeda (Wtewael)">Perseus Freeing Andromeda</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: left;background-color: #eee;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Louvre_by_room_-_Spanish_paintings" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Louvre by room - Spanish paintings">Spanish</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>El Greco: <a href="/wiki/Christ_on_the_Cross_Adored_by_Two_Donors" title="Christ on the Cross Adored by Two Donors">Christ on the Cross Adored by Two Donors</a>; <a href="/wiki/Portrait_of_Antonio_de_Covarrubias" title="Portrait of Antonio de Covarrubias">Portrait of Antonio de Covarrubias</a>; <a href="/wiki/Saint_Louis_(El_Greco)" title="Saint Louis (El Greco)">Saint Louis</a></li> <li>Goya: <a href="/wiki/Portrait_of_Ferdinand_Guillemardet" title="Portrait of Ferdinand Guillemardet">Portrait of Ferdinand Guillemardet</a>; <a href="/wiki/Portrait_of_the_Marquise_de_la_Solana" title="Portrait of the Marquise de la Solana">Portrait of the Marquise de la Solana</a>; <a href="/wiki/Still_Life_of_a_Lamb%27s_Head_and_Flanks" title="Still Life of a Lamb's Head and Flanks">Still Life of a Lamb's Head and Flanks</a></li> <li>Murillo: <a href="/wiki/The_Birth_of_the_Virgin_(Murillo)" title="The Birth of the Virgin (Murillo)">The Birth of the Virgin</a>; <a href="/wiki/The_Young_Beggar" title="The Young Beggar">The Young Beggar</a></li> <li>Ribera: <a href="/wiki/The_Clubfoot" title="The Clubfoot">The Clubfoot</a></li> <li>Zurbarán: <a href="/wiki/Displaying_the_Body_of_Saint_Bonaventure" title="Displaying the Body of Saint Bonaventure">Displaying the Body of Saint Bonaventure</a>; <a href="/wiki/Saint_Apollonia_(Zurbar%C3%A1n)" title="Saint Apollonia (Zurbarán)">Saint Apollonia</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: left;background-color: #eee;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Louvre_by_room_-_English_paintings" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Louvre by room - English paintings">English</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Bonington: <a href="/wiki/Francis_I,_Charles_V_and_the_Duchess_of_%C3%89tampes" title="Francis I, Charles V and the Duchess of Étampes">Francis I, Charles V and the Duchess of Étampes</a></li> <li>Lewis: <a href="/wiki/Street_Scene_near_the_El_Ghouri_Mosque_in_Cairo" title="Street Scene near the El Ghouri Mosque in Cairo">Street Scene near the El Ghouri Mosque in Cairo</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: left;background-color: #eee;">American</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Leutze: <a href="/wiki/Christopher_Columbus_Before_the_Council_of_Salamanca" title="Christopher Columbus Before the Council of Salamanca">Christopher Columbus Before the Council of Salamanca</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow hlist" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /> <a href="/wiki/Category:Louvre" title="Category:Louvre">Category</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Tourism_in_Paris" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Visitor_attractions_in_Paris" title="Template:Visitor attractions in Paris"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Visitor_attractions_in_Paris" title="Template talk:Visitor attractions in Paris"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Visitor_attractions_in_Paris" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Visitor attractions in Paris"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Tourism_in_Paris" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Tourism_in_Paris" title="Tourism in Paris">Tourism in Paris</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Landmarks_in_Paris" title="Landmarks in Paris">Landmarks</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arc_de_Triomphe" title="Arc de Triomphe">Arc de Triomphe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arc_de_Triomphe_du_Carrousel" title="Arc de Triomphe du Carrousel">Arc de Triomphe du Carrousel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ar%C3%A8nes_de_Lut%C3%A8ce" title="Arènes de Lutèce">Arènes de Lutèce</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palais_Brongniart" title="Palais Brongniart">Bourse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catacombs_of_Paris" title="Catacombs of Paris">Catacombs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conciergerie" title="Conciergerie">Conciergerie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eiffel_Tower" title="Eiffel Tower">Eiffel Tower</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gare_d%27Austerlitz" title="Gare d'Austerlitz">Gare d'Austerlitz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gare_de_l%27Est" title="Gare de l'Est">Gare de l'Est</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gare_de_Lyon" title="Gare de Lyon">Gare de Lyon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gare_du_Nord" title="Gare du Nord">Gare du Nord</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gare_Montparnasse" title="Gare Montparnasse">Gare Montparnasse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gare_Saint-Lazare" title="Gare Saint-Lazare">Gare Saint-Lazare</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grand_Palais" title="Grand Palais">Grand Palais</a> and <a href="/wiki/Petit_Palais" title="Petit Palais">Petit Palais</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Institut_de_France" title="Institut de France">Institut de France</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jeanne_d%27Arc_(Fr%C3%A9miet)" title="Jeanne d'Arc (Frémiet)">Jeanne d'Arc</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Les_Invalides" title="Les Invalides">Les Invalides</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louvre_Pyramid" title="Louvre Pyramid">Louvre Pyramid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luxor_Obelisks" title="Luxor Obelisks">Luxor Obelisk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Od%C3%A9on-Th%C3%A9%C3%A2tre_de_l%27Europe" title="Odéon-Théâtre de l'Europe">Odéon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Op%C3%A9ra_Bastille" title="Opéra Bastille">Opéra Bastille</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palais_Garnier" title="Palais Garnier">Opéra Garnier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Panth%C3%A9on" title="Panthéon">Panthéon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philharmonie_de_Paris" title="Philharmonie de Paris">Philharmonie de Paris</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Place_Diana" title="Place Diana">Place Diana</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Flame_of_Liberty" title="Flame of Liberty">Flame of Liberty</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Porte_Saint-Denis" title="Porte Saint-Denis">Porte Saint-Denis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Porte_Saint-Martin" title="Porte Saint-Martin">Porte Saint-Martin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sorbonne_(building)" title="Sorbonne (building)">Sorbonne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tour_Montparnasse" title="Tour Montparnasse">Tour Montparnasse</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Museums_in_Paris" title="Museums in Paris">Museums</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_museums_in_Paris" title="List of museums in Paris">list</a>)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Army_Museum_(Paris)" title="Army Museum (Paris)">Army Museum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Biblioth%C3%A8que_nationale_de_France" title="Bibliothèque nationale de France">Bibliothèque nationale</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mus%C3%A9e_Carnavalet" title="Musée Carnavalet">Carnavalet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Centre_Pompidou" title="Centre Pompidou">Centre Pompidou</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cit%C3%A9_des_Sciences_et_de_l%27Industrie" title="Cité des Sciences et de l'Industrie">Cité des Sciences et de l'Industrie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Galerie_nationale_du_Jeu_de_Paume" class="mw-redirect" title="Galerie nationale du Jeu de Paume">Galerie nationale du Jeu de Paume</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louis_Vuitton_Foundation" title="Louis Vuitton Foundation">Louis Vuitton Foundation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mus%C3%A9e_des_Arts_d%C3%A9coratifs,_Paris" class="mw-redirect" title="Musée des Arts décoratifs, Paris">Musée des Arts décoratifs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mus%C3%A9e_des_Arts_et_M%C3%A9tiers" title="Musée des Arts et Métiers">Musée des Arts et Métiers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mus%C3%A9e_d%27Art_et_d%27Histoire_du_Juda%C3%AFsme" title="Musée d'Art et d'Histoire du Judaïsme">Musée d'Art et d'Histoire du Judaïsme</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mus%C3%A9e_d%27Art_Moderne_de_Paris" title="Musée d'Art Moderne de Paris">Musée d'Art Moderne de Paris</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maison_de_Balzac" title="Maison de Balzac">Maison de Balzac</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mus%C3%A9e_Bourdelle" title="Musée Bourdelle">Musée Bourdelle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mus%C3%A9e_de_la_Cin%C3%A9math%C3%A8que" title="Musée de la Cinémathèque">Musée de la Cinémathèque</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mus%C3%A9e_Cognacq-Jay" title="Musée Cognacq-Jay">Musée Cognacq-Jay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mus%C3%A9e_Gr%C3%A9vin" title="Musée Grévin">Musée Grévin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guimet_Museum" title="Guimet Museum">Musée Guimet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maison_de_Victor_Hugo" title="Maison de Victor Hugo">Maison de Victor Hugo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mus%C3%A9e_Jacquemart-Andr%C3%A9" title="Musée Jacquemart-André">Musée Jacquemart-André</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Musée du Louvre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mus%C3%A9e_Marmottan_Monet" title="Musée Marmottan Monet">Musée Marmottan Monet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mus%C3%A9e_de_Montmartre" title="Musée de Montmartre">Musée de Montmartre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mus%C3%A9e_National_d%27Art_Moderne" title="Musée National d'Art Moderne">Musée National d'Art Moderne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mus%C3%A9e_national_Eug%C3%A8ne_Delacroix" title="Musée national Eugène Delacroix">Musée national Eugène Delacroix</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mus%C3%A9e_national_Gustave_Moreau" title="Musée national Gustave Moreau">Musée national Gustave Moreau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mus%C3%A9e_national_des_Monuments_Fran%C3%A7ais" title="Musée national des Monuments Français">Musée national des Monuments Français</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Museum_of_Natural_History,_France" title="National Museum of Natural History, France">Muséum national d'histoire naturelle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mus%C3%A9e_de_Cluny" title="Musée de Cluny">Musée de Cluny – Musée national du Moyen Âge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mus%C3%A9e_de_l%27Orangerie" title="Musée de l'Orangerie">Musée de l'Orangerie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mus%C3%A9e_d%27Orsay" title="Musée d'Orsay">Musée d'Orsay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mus%C3%A9e_Pasteur" title="Musée Pasteur">Musée Pasteur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mus%C3%A9e_Picasso" title="Musée Picasso">Musée Picasso</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mus%C3%A9e_du_Quai_Branly_%E2%80%93_Jacques_Chirac" title="Musée du Quai Branly – Jacques Chirac">Musée du Quai Branly</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mus%C3%A9e_Rodin" title="Musée Rodin">Musée Rodin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palais_de_la_L%C3%A9gion_d%27Honneur" title="Palais de la Légion d'Honneur">Palais de la Légion d'Honneur</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mus%C3%A9e_de_la_L%C3%A9gion_d%27honneur" title="Musée de la Légion d'honneur">Musée de la Légion d'honneur</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mus%C3%A9e_de_la_Vie_romantique" title="Musée de la Vie romantique">Musée de la Vie romantique</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_religious_buildings_in_Paris" title="List of religious buildings in Paris">Religious buildings</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Nevsky_Cathedral,_Paris" title="Alexander Nevsky Cathedral, Paris">Alexander Nevsky Cathedral</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/American_Cathedral_in_Paris" title="American Cathedral in Paris">American Cathedral</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/American_Church_in_Paris" title="American Church in Paris">American Church</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Armenian_Cathedral_of_St._John_the_Baptist" title="Armenian Cathedral of St. John the Baptist">Armenian Cathedral of St. John the Baptist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chapelle_expiatoire" title="Chapelle expiatoire">Chapelle expiatoire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grand_Mosque_of_Paris" title="Grand Mosque of Paris">Grand Mosque</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grand_Synagogue_of_Paris" title="Grand Synagogue of Paris">Grand Synagogue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Synagogue_de_Nazareth" title="Synagogue de Nazareth">Synagogue de Nazareth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/La_Madeleine,_Paris" title="La Madeleine, Paris">La Madeleine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Notre-Dame_de_Paris" title="Notre-Dame de Paris">Notre-Dame de Paris</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Notre-Dame-de-Bonne-Nouvelle" title="Notre-Dame-de-Bonne-Nouvelle">Notre-Dame-de-Bonne-Nouvelle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Notre-Dame-de-Lorette,_Paris" title="Notre-Dame-de-Lorette, Paris">Notre-Dame-de-Lorette</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Notre-Dame-des-Victoires,_Paris" title="Notre-Dame-des-Victoires, Paris">Notre-Dame-des-Victoires</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sacr%C3%A9-C%C5%93ur,_Paris" title="Sacré-Cœur, Paris">Sacré-Cœur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint-Ambroise,_Paris" title="Saint-Ambroise, Paris">Saint Ambroise</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint-Augustin,_Paris" title="Saint-Augustin, Paris">Saint-Augustin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint-%C3%89tienne-du-Mont" title="Saint-Étienne-du-Mont">Saint-Étienne-du-Mont</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint-Eustache,_Paris" title="Saint-Eustache, Paris">Saint-Eustache</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint-Fran%C3%A7ois-Xavier,_Paris" title="Saint-François-Xavier, Paris">Saint-François-Xavier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint-Germain-des-Pr%C3%A9s_(abbey)" title="Saint-Germain-des-Prés (abbey)">Saint-Germain-des-Prés</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint-Germain_l%27Auxerrois" title="Saint-Germain l'Auxerrois">Saint-Germain l'Auxerrois</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint-Gervais-Saint-Protais" title="Saint-Gervais-Saint-Protais">Saint-Gervais-Saint-Protais</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tour_Saint-Jacques" title="Tour Saint-Jacques">Tour Saint-Jacques</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint-Jean_de_Montmartre" title="Saint-Jean de Montmartre">Saint-Jean de Montmartre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint-Paul-Saint-Louis" title="Saint-Paul-Saint-Louis">Saint-Paul-Saint-Louis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint-Pierre_de_Montmartre" title="Saint-Pierre de Montmartre">Saint-Pierre de Montmartre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint-Roch,_Paris" title="Saint-Roch, Paris">Saint-Roch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint-Sulpice,_Paris" title="Saint-Sulpice, Paris">Saint-Sulpice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint-Vincent-de-Paul,_Paris" title="Saint-Vincent-de-Paul, Paris">Saint-Vincent-de-Paul</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sainte-Chapelle" title="Sainte-Chapelle">Sainte-Chapelle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sainte-Clotilde,_Paris" title="Sainte-Clotilde, Paris">Sainte-Clotilde</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sainte-Trinit%C3%A9,_Paris" title="Sainte-Trinité, Paris">Sainte-Trinité</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Temple_du_Marais" title="Temple du Marais">Temple du Marais</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Val-de-Gr%C3%A2ce_(church)" title="Val-de-Grâce (church)">Val-de-Grâce</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Hôtels particuliers and palaces</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%C3%89lys%C3%A9e_Palace" title="Élysée Palace">Élysée Palace</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/H%C3%B4tel_de_Beauvais" title="Hôtel de Beauvais">Hôtel de Beauvais</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/H%C3%B4tel_de_Charost" title="Hôtel de Charost">Hôtel de Charost</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/H%C3%B4tel_de_Crillon" title="Hôtel de Crillon">Hôtel de Crillon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/H%C3%B4tel_d%27Estr%C3%A9es" title="Hôtel d'Estrées">Hôtel d'Estrées</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/H%C3%B4tel_de_la_Pa%C3%AFva" title="Hôtel de la Païva">Hôtel de la Païva</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/H%C3%B4tel_de_Pontalba" title="Hôtel de Pontalba">Hôtel de Pontalba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/H%C3%B4tel_de_Sens" title="Hôtel de Sens">Hôtel de Sens</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/H%C3%B4tel_de_Soubise" title="Hôtel de Soubise">Hôtel de Soubise</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/H%C3%B4tel_de_Sully" title="Hôtel de Sully">Hôtel de Sully</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/H%C3%B4tel_de_Ville,_Paris" title="Hôtel de Ville, Paris">Hôtel de Ville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/H%C3%B4tel_Lambert" title="Hôtel Lambert">Hôtel Lambert</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/H%C3%B4tel_Matignon" title="Hôtel Matignon">Hôtel Matignon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luxembourg_Palace" title="Luxembourg Palace">Luxembourg Palace</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Petit_Luxembourg" title="Petit Luxembourg">Petit Luxembourg</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palais_Bourbon" title="Palais Bourbon">Palais Bourbon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palais_de_Justice,_Paris" title="Palais de Justice, Paris">Palais de Justice</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Palais_de_la_Cit%C3%A9" title="Palais de la Cité">Palais de la Cité</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palais-Royal" title="Palais-Royal">Palais-Royal</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Bridges, streets, areas, squares and waterways</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Avenue_de_l%27Op%C3%A9ra" title="Avenue de l'Opéra">Avenue de l'Opéra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Avenue_Foch" title="Avenue Foch">Avenue Foch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Avenue_George_V" title="Avenue George V">Avenue George V</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boulevard_de_la_Madeleine" title="Boulevard de la Madeleine">Boulevard de la Madeleine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boulevard_de_S%C3%A9bastopol" title="Boulevard de Sébastopol">Boulevard de Sébastopol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canal_de_l%27Ourcq" title="Canal de l'Ourcq">Canal de l'Ourcq</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canal_Saint-Martin" title="Canal Saint-Martin">Canal Saint-Martin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Champ_de_Mars" title="Champ de Mars">Champ de Mars</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Champs-%C3%89lys%C3%A9es" title="Champs-Élysées">Champs-Élysées</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Covered_passages_of_Paris" title="Covered passages of Paris">Covered passages</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Galerie_V%C3%A9ro-Dodat" title="Galerie Véro-Dodat">Galerie Véro-Dodat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Passage_Choiseul" title="Passage Choiseul">Choiseul</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Passage_des_Panoramas" title="Passage des Panoramas">Panoramas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Galerie_Vivienne" title="Galerie Vivienne">Galerie Vivienne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Passage_du_Havre" title="Passage du Havre">Havre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Passage_Jouffroy" title="Passage Jouffroy">Jouffroy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Passage_Brady" title="Passage Brady">Brady</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Latin_Quarter,_Paris" title="Latin Quarter, Paris">Latin Quarter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Marais" title="The Marais">Le Marais</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Montmartre" title="Montmartre">Montmartre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Montparnasse" title="Montparnasse">Montparnasse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Place_Diana" title="Place Diana">Place Diana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Place_Dauphine" title="Place Dauphine">Place Dauphine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Place_de_la_Bastille" title="Place de la Bastille">Place de la Bastille</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Place_de_la_Concorde" title="Place de la Concorde">Place de la Concorde</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Place_de_la_Nation" title="Place de la Nation">Place de la Nation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Place_de_la_R%C3%A9publique" title="Place de la République">Place de la République</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Place_des_%C3%89meutes-de-Stonewall" title="Place des Émeutes-de-Stonewall">Place des Émeutes-de-Stonewall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Place_des_%C3%89tats-Unis" title="Place des États-Unis">Place des États-Unis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Place_des_Pyramides" title="Place des Pyramides">Place des Pyramides</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Place_des_Victoires" title="Place des Victoires">Place des Victoires</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Place_des_Vosges" title="Place des Vosges">Place des Vosges</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Place_du_Carrousel" title="Place du Carrousel">Place du Carrousel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Place_du_Ch%C3%A2telet" title="Place du Châtelet">Place du Châtelet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Place_du_Tertre" title="Place du Tertre">Place du Tertre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Place_Saint-Michel" title="Place Saint-Michel">Place Saint-Michel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Place_Vend%C3%B4me" title="Place Vendôme">Place Vendôme</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pont_Alexandre_III" title="Pont Alexandre III">Pont Alexandre III</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pont_d%27I%C3%A9na" title="Pont d'Iéna">Pont d'Iéna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pont_de_Bir-Hakeim" title="Pont de Bir-Hakeim">Pont de Bir-Hakeim</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pont_des_Arts" title="Pont des Arts">Pont des Arts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pont_Neuf" title="Pont Neuf">Pont Neuf</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Port_du_Louvre" title="Port du Louvre">Port du Louvre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rive_Gauche" title="Rive Gauche">Rive Gauche</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rue_Basse" title="Rue Basse">Rue Basse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rue_Bonaparte" title="Rue Bonaparte">Rue Bonaparte</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rue_Charlemagne" title="Rue Charlemagne">Rue Charlemagne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rue_d%27Argenteuil" title="Rue d'Argenteuil">Rue d'Argenteuil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rue_de_la_Ferronnerie" title="Rue de la Ferronnerie">Rue de la Ferronnerie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rue_de_la_Paix,_Paris" title="Rue de la Paix, Paris">Rue de la Paix</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rue_de_la_Sourdi%C3%A8re" title="Rue de la Sourdière">Rue de la Sourdière</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rue_de_Montmorency" title="Rue de Montmorency">Rue de Montmorency</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rue_de_Richelieu" title="Rue de Richelieu">Rue de Richelieu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rue_de_Rivoli" title="Rue de Rivoli">Rue de Rivoli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rue_de_Vaugirard" title="Rue de Vaugirard">Rue de Vaugirard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rue_des_Francs-Bourgeois" title="Rue des Francs-Bourgeois">Rue des Francs-Bourgeois</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rue_des_Lombards" title="Rue des Lombards">Rue des Lombards</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rue_du_Faubourg_Saint-Honor%C3%A9" title="Rue du Faubourg Saint-Honoré">Rue du Faubourg Saint-Honoré</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rue_Elz%C3%A9vir" title="Rue Elzévir">Rue Elzévir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rue_Foyatier" title="Rue Foyatier">Rue Foyatier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rue_Moli%C3%A8re" title="Rue Molière">Rue Molière</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rue_Montorgueil" title="Rue Montorgueil">Rue Montorgueil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rue_Radziwill" title="Rue Radziwill">Rue Radziwill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rue_Rambuteau" title="Rue Rambuteau">Rue Rambuteau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rue_Mond%C3%A9tour" title="Rue Mondétour">Rue Mondétour</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rue_Pastourelle" title="Rue Pastourelle">Rue Pastourelle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rue_des_Rosiers" title="Rue des Rosiers">Rue des Rosiers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rue_Saint-Honor%C3%A9" title="Rue Saint-Honoré">Rue Saint-Honoré</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rue_Saint-Denis_(Paris)" title="Rue Saint-Denis (Paris)">Rue Saint-Denis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rue_Sainte-Anne" title="Rue Sainte-Anne">Rue Sainte-Anne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint-Germain-des-Pr%C3%A9s" title="Saint-Germain-des-Prés">Saint-Germain-des-Prés</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trocad%C3%A9ro,_Paris" title="Trocadéro, Paris">Trocadéro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Viaduc_d%27Austerlitz" title="Viaduc d'Austerlitz">Viaduc d'Austerlitz</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/History_of_parks_and_gardens_of_Paris" title="History of parks and gardens of Paris">Parks and gardens</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bois_de_Boulogne" title="Bois de Boulogne">Bois de Boulogne</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jardin_d%27Acclimatation" title="Jardin d'Acclimatation">Jardin d'Acclimatation</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bois_de_Vincennes" title="Bois de Vincennes">Bois de Vincennes</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Parc_floral_de_Paris" title="Parc floral de Paris">Parc floral</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jardin_du_Luxembourg" title="Jardin du Luxembourg">Jardin du Luxembourg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parc_Andr%C3%A9-Citro%C3%ABn" title="Parc André-Citroën">Parc André-Citroën</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parc_Clichy-Batignolles_%E2%80%93_Martin_Luther_King" title="Parc Clichy-Batignolles – Martin Luther King">Parc Clichy-Batignolles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parc_de_Belleville" title="Parc de Belleville">Parc de Belleville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parc_de_Bercy" title="Parc de Bercy">Parc de Bercy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parc_de_la_Butte-du-Chapeau-Rouge" title="Parc de la Butte-du-Chapeau-Rouge">Parc de la Butte-du-Chapeau-Rouge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parc_des_Buttes_Chaumont" title="Parc des Buttes Chaumont">Parc des Buttes Chaumont</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parc_Georges-Brassens" title="Parc Georges-Brassens">Parc Georges-Brassens</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parc_Monceau" title="Parc Monceau">Parc Monceau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parc_Montsouris" title="Parc Montsouris">Parc Montsouris</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tuileries_Garden" title="Tuileries Garden">Tuileries Garden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coul%C3%A9e_verte_Ren%C3%A9-Dumont" title="Coulée verte René-Dumont">Coulée verte René-Dumont</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Sport venues</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Accor_Arena" title="Accor Arena">Accor Arena</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Auteuil_Hippodrome" title="Auteuil Hippodrome">Auteuil Hippodrome</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Halle_Georges_Carpentier" title="Halle Georges Carpentier">Halle Georges Carpentier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Longchamp_Racecourse" title="Longchamp Racecourse">Longchamp Hippodrome</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parc_des_Princes" title="Parc des Princes">Parc des Princes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piscine_Molitor" title="Piscine Molitor">Piscine Molitor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Porte_de_La_Chapelle_Arena" class="mw-redirect" title="Porte de La Chapelle Arena">Porte de La Chapelle Arena</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stade_Jean-Bouin_(Paris)" title="Stade Jean-Bouin (Paris)">Stade Jean Bouin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stade_Pershing" title="Stade Pershing">Stade Pershing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stade_Pierre_de_Coubertin_(Paris)" title="Stade Pierre de Coubertin (Paris)">Stade Pierre de Coubertin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stade_Roland_Garros" title="Stade Roland Garros">Stade Roland Garros</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stade_S%C3%A9bastien_Charl%C3%A9ty" title="Stade Sébastien Charléty">Stade Sébastien Charléty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/V%C3%A9lodrome_de_Vincennes" title="Vélodrome de Vincennes">Vélodrome de Vincennes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hippodrome_de_Vincennes" title="Hippodrome de Vincennes">Vincennes Hippodrome</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Cemeteries</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Montmartre_Cemetery" title="Montmartre Cemetery">Montmartre Cemetery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Montparnasse_Cemetery" title="Montparnasse Cemetery">Montparnasse Cemetery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Passy_Cemetery" title="Passy Cemetery">Passy Cemetery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/P%C3%A8re_Lachaise_Cemetery" title="Père Lachaise Cemetery">Père Lachaise Cemetery</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Oscar_Wilde%27s_tomb" title="Oscar Wilde's tomb">Oscar Wilde's tomb</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Picpus_Cemetery" title="Picpus Cemetery">Picpus Cemetery</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%C3%8Ele-de-France" title="Île-de-France">Région parisienne</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Basilica_of_Saint-Denis" title="Basilica of Saint-Denis">Basilica of Saint-Denis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ch%C3%A2teau_d%27%C3%89couen" title="Château d'Écouen">Château d'Écouen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ch%C3%A2teau_de_Chantilly" title="Château de Chantilly">Château de Chantilly</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palace_of_Fontainebleau" title="Palace of Fontainebleau">Château de Fontainebleau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ch%C3%A2teau_de_Malmaison" title="Château de Malmaison">Château de Malmaison</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ch%C3%A2teau_de_Rambouillet" title="Château de Rambouillet">Château de Rambouillet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ch%C3%A2teau_de_Saint-Germain-en-Laye" title="Château de Saint-Germain-en-Laye">Château de Saint-Germain-en-Laye</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ch%C3%A2teau_de_Sceaux" title="Château de Sceaux">Château de Sceaux</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palace_of_Versailles" title="Palace of Versailles">Château</a> and <a href="/wiki/Gardens_of_Versailles" title="Gardens of Versailles">Gardens of Versailles</a> (<a href="/wiki/Grand_Trianon" title="Grand Trianon">Grand Trianon</a> and <a href="/wiki/Petit_Trianon" title="Petit Trianon">Petit Trianon</a>, including the <a href="/wiki/Fresh_pavilion" title="Fresh pavilion">Fresh pavilion</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ch%C3%A2teau_de_Vincennes" title="Château de Vincennes">Château de Vincennes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/La_D%C3%A9fense" title="La Défense">La Défense</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Grande_Arche" title="Grande Arche">Grande Arche</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paris_La_D%C3%A9fense_Arena" title="Paris La Défense Arena">Paris La Défense Arena</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Disneyland_Paris" title="Disneyland Paris">Disneyland Paris</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Disneyland_Park_(Paris)" title="Disneyland Park (Paris)">Disneyland Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Walt_Disney_Studios_Park" title="Walt Disney Studios Park">Walt Disney Studios Park</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Explorad%C3%B4me" title="Exploradôme">Exploradôme</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fort_Mont-Val%C3%A9rien" title="Fort Mont-Valérien">Fort Mont-Valérien</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/M%C3%A9morial_de_la_France_combattante" title="Mémorial de la France combattante">Mémorial de la France combattante</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suresnes_American_Cemetery_and_Memorial" title="Suresnes American Cemetery and Memorial">Suresnes American Cemetery and Memorial</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/France_Miniature" title="France Miniature">France Miniature</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mus%C3%A9e_de_l%27air_et_de_l%27espace" title="Musée de l'air et de l'espace">Musée de l'air et de l'espace</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mus%C3%A9e_Fragonard_d%27Alfort" title="Musée Fragonard d'Alfort">Musée Fragonard d'Alfort</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parc_Ast%C3%A9rix" title="Parc Astérix">Parc Astérix</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parc_de_Saint-Cloud" title="Parc de Saint-Cloud">Parc de Saint-Cloud</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Provins" title="Provins">Provins</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/La_Roche-Guyon" title="La Roche-Guyon">La Roche-Guyon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/S%C3%A8vres_%E2%80%93_Cit%C3%A9_de_la_c%C3%A9ramique" title="Sèvres – Cité de la céramique">Sèvres – Cité de la céramique</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stade_de_France" title="Stade de France">Stade de France</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vaux-le-Vicomte" title="Vaux-le-Vicomte">Vaux-le-Vicomte</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Culture_of_Paris" title="Culture of Paris">Culture and events</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bastille_Day_military_parade" title="Bastille Day military parade">Bastille Day military parade</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/D%C3%AEner_en_Blanc" title="Dîner en Blanc">Dîner en Blanc</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/F%C3%AAte_de_la_Musique" title="Fête de la Musique">Fête de la Musique</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nuit_Blanche" title="Nuit Blanche">Nuit Blanche</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paris_Air_Show" title="Paris Air Show">Paris Air Show</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paris_Fashion_Week" title="Paris Fashion Week">Paris Fashion Week</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paris-Plages" title="Paris-Plages">Paris-Plages</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republican_Guard_(France)" title="Republican Guard (France)">Republican Guard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solidays" title="Solidays">Solidays</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Axe_historique" title="Axe historique">Axe historique</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bateau-Lavoir" title="Bateau-Lavoir">Bateau-Lavoir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bateaux_Mouches" title="Bateaux Mouches">Bateaux Mouches</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caf%C3%A9_des_2_Moulins" title="Café des 2 Moulins">Café des 2 Moulins</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caf%C3%A9_Procope" title="Café Procope">Café Procope</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Folies_Berg%C3%A8re" title="Folies Bergère">Folies Bergère</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fountains_in_Paris" title="Fountains in Paris">Fountains in Paris</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/La_Ruche_(residence)" title="La Ruche (residence)">La Ruche</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Les_Deux_Magots" title="Les Deux Magots">Les Deux Magots</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maxim%27s" title="Maxim's">Maxim's</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moulin_de_la_Galette" title="Moulin de la Galette">Moulin de la Galette</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moulin_Rouge" title="Moulin Rouge">Moulin Rouge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paris_M%C3%A9tro" title="Paris Métro">Paris Métro</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Paris_M%C3%A9tro_entrances_by_Hector_Guimard" title="Paris Métro entrances by Hector Guimard">entrances</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Montmartre_Funicular" title="Montmartre Funicular">Montmartre Funicular</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paris_Mus%C3%A9es" title="Paris Musées">Paris Musées</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paris_syndrome" title="Paris syndrome">Paris syndrome</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paris_Zoological_Park" title="Paris Zoological Park">Paris Zoological Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louvre_Inverted_Pyramid" title="Louvre Inverted Pyramid">Pyramide inversée</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Heritage_Centre" class="mw-redirect" title="World Heritage Centre">World Heritage Centre</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_tourist_attractions_in_Paris" title="List of tourist attractions in Paris">List of tourist attractions in Paris</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Art_in_Paris" title="Art in Paris">Art in Paris</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paris_syndrome" title="Paris syndrome">Paris syndrome</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Établissement_public_à_caractère_administratif" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:%C3%89tablissement_public_%C3%A0_caract%C3%A8re_administratif" title="Template:Établissement public à caractère administratif"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:%C3%89tablissement_public_%C3%A0_caract%C3%A8re_administratif" title="Template talk:Établissement public à caractère administratif"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:%C3%89tablissement_public_%C3%A0_caract%C3%A8re_administratif" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Établissement public à caractère administratif"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Établissement_public_à_caractère_administratif" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/%C3%89tablissement_public_%C3%A0_caract%C3%A8re_administratif" title="Établissement public à caractère administratif">Établissement public à caractère administratif</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Armed_Forces_(France)" title="Ministry of Armed Forces (France)">Ministry of Armed Forces</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Institut_Sup%C3%A9rieur_de_l%27A%C3%A9ronautique_et_de_l%27Espace" class="mw-redirect" title="Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace">Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ENSTA_ParisTech" class="mw-redirect" title="ENSTA ParisTech">ENSTA ParisTech</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%89cole_nationale_sup%C3%A9rieure_de_techniques_avanc%C3%A9es_Bretagne" title="École nationale supérieure de techniques avancées Bretagne">École nationale supérieure de techniques avancées Bretagne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%89cole_Polytechnique" class="mw-redirect" title="École Polytechnique">École Polytechnique</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Naval_Hydrographic_and_Oceanographic_Service" title="Naval Hydrographic and Oceanographic Service">Naval Hydrographic and Oceanographic Service</a></li> <li>Établissement de communication et de production audiovisuelle de la Défense</li> <li>Établissement public d'insertion de la défense</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mus%C3%A9e_de_l%27Arm%C3%A9e" class="mw-redirect" title="Musée de l'Armée">Musée de l'Armée</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mus%C3%A9e_national_de_la_Marine" title="Musée national de la Marine">Musée national de la Marine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mus%C3%A9e_de_l%27Air" class="mw-redirect" title="Musée de l'Air">Musée de l'Air</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Acad%C3%A9mie_de_Marine" title="Académie de Marine">Académie de Marine</a></li> <li>Etablissement public national des fonds de prévoyance militaire et de l'aéronautique</li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Office_for_Veterans_and_Victims_of_War" title="National Office for Veterans and Victims of War">National Office for Veterans and Victims of War</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Minister_of_the_Interior_(France)" title="Minister of the Interior (France)">Ministry of the Interior</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Right_of_asylum" title="Right of asylum">Right of Asylum in France</a></li> <li>Conseil national des activités privées de sécurité</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Minister_of_Labour,_Employment_and_Economic_Inclusion_(France)" title="Minister of Labour, Employment and Economic Inclusion (France)">Ministry of Labour, Employment and Economic Inclusion</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Agence Nationale pour l'Amélioration des Conditions de Travail</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Economy_and_Finance_(France)" class="mw-redirect" title="Ministry of Economy and Finance (France)">Ministry of Economy and Finance</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mines_ParisTech" class="mw-redirect" title="Mines ParisTech">Mines ParisTech</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%89cole_Nationale_Sup%C3%A9rieure_des_Mines_de_Saint-%C3%89tienne" class="mw-redirect" title="École Nationale Supérieure des Mines de Saint-Étienne">École Nationale Supérieure des Mines de Saint-Étienne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%89cole_des_Mines_de_Douai" title="École des Mines de Douai">École des Mines de Douai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%89cole_des_mines_d%27Al%C3%A8s" title="École des mines d'Alès">École des mines d'Alès</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%89cole_des_mines_de_Nantes" class="mw-redirect" title="École des mines de Nantes">École des mines de Nantes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%89cole_des_mines_d%27Albi-Carmaux" title="École des mines d'Albi-Carmaux">École des Mines d'Albi-Carmaux</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Minister_of_Higher_Education,_Research_and_Innovation_(France)" title="Minister of Higher Education, Research and Innovation (France)">Ministry of Higher Education, Research and Innovation</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Groupe Concours Polytechniques</li> <li>3 of the 4 <a href="/wiki/Groupe_des_%C3%A9coles_nationales_d%E2%80%99ing%C3%A9nieurs" class="mw-redirect" title="Groupe des écoles nationales d’ingénieurs">Groupe des écoles nationales d’ingénieurs</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%C3%89cole_nationale_d%27ing%C3%A9nieurs_de_Brest" title="École nationale d'ingénieurs de Brest">École nationale d'ingénieurs de Brest</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%89cole_nationale_d%27ing%C3%A9nieurs_de_Metz" title="École nationale d'ingénieurs de Metz">École nationale d'ingénieurs de Metz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%89cole_nationale_d%27ing%C3%A9nieurs_de_Tarbes" title="École nationale d'ingénieurs de Tarbes">École nationale d'ingénieurs de Tarbes</a></li></ul></li> <li>7 of the 9 <a href="/wiki/Institut_d%27%C3%A9tudes_politiques" class="mw-redirect" title="Institut d'études politiques">Institut d'études politiques</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%89cole_Nationale_Sup%C3%A9rieure_de_l%27%C3%89lectronique_et_de_ses_Applications" class="mw-redirect" title="École Nationale Supérieure de l'Électronique et de ses Applications">École Nationale Supérieure de l'Électronique et de ses Applications</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%89cole_nationale_sup%C3%A9rieure_d%27informatique_pour_l%27industrie_et_l%27entreprise" title="École nationale supérieure d'informatique pour l'industrie et l'entreprise">École nationale supérieure d'informatique pour l'industrie et l'entreprise</a></li> <li>École nationale supérieure de la nature et du paysage</li> <li>École nationale supérieure des arts et techniques du théâtre</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%89cole_nationale_sup%C3%A9rieure_Louis-Lumi%C3%A8re" title="École nationale supérieure Louis-Lumière">École nationale supérieure Louis-Lumière</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/C%C3%B4te_d%27Azur_Observatory" title="Côte d'Azur Observatory">Côte d'Azur Observatory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean-Fran%C3%A7ois_Champollion_University_Center_for_Teaching_and_Research" title="Jean-François Champollion University Center for Teaching and Research">Jean-François Champollion University Center for Teaching and Research</a></li> <li>Institut national supérieur de formation et de recherche pour l'éducation des jeunes handicapés et les enseignements adaptés</li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Computer_Center_for_Higher_Education_(France)" title="National Computer Center for Higher Education (France)">National Computer Center for Higher Education</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_National_Education_(France)" title="Ministry of National Education (France)">Ministry of National Education, Youth and Sports</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Centre international d'études pédagogiques</li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Centre_for_Distance_Education" title="National Centre for Distance Education">National Centre for Distance Education</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ward_of_the_Nation" title="Ward of the Nation">Ward of the Nation</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Agriculture_(France)" title="Ministry of Agriculture (France)">Ministry of Agriculture and Food</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Établissement national des produits de l'agriculture et de la mer</li> <li>Agence de services et de paiement</li> <li>Institut français du cheval et de l'équitation</li> <li>Inventaire Forestier National</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Ecological_Transition_(France)" title="Ministry of Ecological Transition (France)">Ministry of Ecological Transition</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Agence nationale de l'habitat</li> <li>Agence de l'eau</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%89cole_des_Ponts_ParisTech" class="mw-redirect" title="École des Ponts ParisTech">École des Ponts ParisTech</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%89cole_nationale_de_l%27aviation_civile" title="École nationale de l'aviation civile">École nationale de l'aviation civile</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Institut_G%C3%A9ographique_National" class="mw-redirect" title="Institut Géographique National">Institut Géographique National</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/M%C3%A9t%C3%A9o-France" title="Météo-France">Météo-France</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/French_Office_for_Biodiversity" title="French Office for Biodiversity">French Office for Biodiversity</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Ministry_for_Europe_and_Foreign_Affairs_(France)" title="Ministry for Europe and Foreign Affairs (France)">Ministry of Europe and Foreign Affairs</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Agency_for_French_Teaching_Abroad" class="mw-redirect" title="Agency for French Teaching Abroad">Agency for French Teaching Abroad</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Culture_(France)" title="Ministry of Culture (France)">Ministry of Culture</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Biblioth%C3%A8que_nationale_de_France" title="Bibliothèque nationale de France">Bibliothèque nationale de France</a></li> <li>Bibliothèque publique d'information</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Centre_des_monuments_nationaux" title="Centre des monuments nationaux">Centre des monuments nationaux</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Centre_Georges_Pompidou" class="mw-redirect" title="Centre Georges Pompidou">Centre Georges Pompidou</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Centre_national_des_arts_plastiques" title="Centre national des arts plastiques">Centre national des arts plastiques</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Center_of_Cinematography_and_the_moving_image" class="mw-redirect" title="National Center of Cinematography and the moving image">National Center of Cinematography and the moving image</a></li> <li>Centre national du livre</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cit%C3%A9_nationale_de_l%27histoire_de_l%27immigration" title="Cité nationale de l'histoire de l'immigration">Cité nationale de l'histoire de l'immigration</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conservatoire_national_sup%C3%A9rieur_d%27art_dramatique" title="Conservatoire national supérieur d'art dramatique">CNSAD</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conservatoire_de_Paris" title="Conservatoire de Paris">Conservatoire de Paris</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conservatoire_national_sup%C3%A9rieur_de_musique_et_de_danse_de_Lyon" title="Conservatoire national supérieur de musique et de danse de Lyon">Conservatoire national supérieur de musique et de danse de Lyon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%89cole_du_Louvre" title="École du Louvre">École du Louvre</a></li> <li>Écoles nationales supérieure d'architecture</li> <li>École nationale supérieure d'arts de Cergy-Pontoise</li> <li>École nationale supérieure de la photographie</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%89cole_nationale_sup%C3%A9rieure_des_arts_d%C3%A9coratifs" title="École nationale supérieure des arts décoratifs">École nationale supérieure des arts décoratifs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%89cole_nationale_sup%C3%A9rieure_des_Beaux-Arts" class="mw-redirect" title="École nationale supérieure des Beaux-Arts">École nationale supérieure des Beaux-Arts</a></li> <li>Établissement public des musées <a href="/wiki/Mus%C3%A9e_d%27Orsay" title="Musée d'Orsay">d'Orsay</a> et <a href="/wiki/Mus%C3%A9e_de_l%27Orangerie" title="Musée de l'Orangerie">de l'Orangerie</a> - Valéry Giscard d'Estaing</li> <li>Opérateur du patrimoine et des projets immobiliers de la culture</li> <li>Institut national du patrimoine</li> <li>Institut national de recherches archéologiques préventives</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palace_of_Fontainebleau" title="Palace of Fontainebleau">Palace of Fontainebleau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guimet_Museum" title="Guimet Museum">Guimet Museum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mus%C3%A9e_national_Jean-Jacques_Henner" title="Musée national Jean-Jacques Henner">Musée national Jean-Jacques Henner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/S%C3%A8vres_%E2%80%93_Cit%C3%A9_de_la_c%C3%A9ramique" title="Sèvres – Cité de la céramique">Sèvres – Cité de la céramique</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mus%C3%A9e_du_Louvre" class="mw-redirect" title="Musée du Louvre">Musée du Louvre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mus%C3%A9e_national_Gustave_Moreau" title="Musée national Gustave Moreau">Musée national Gustave Moreau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mus%C3%A9e_Picasso" title="Musée Picasso">Musée Picasso</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mus%C3%A9e_Rodin" title="Musée Rodin">Musée Rodin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Public_Establishment_of_the_Palace,_Museum_and_National_Estate_of_Versailles" title="Public Establishment of the Palace, Museum and National Estate of Versailles">Public Establishment of the Palace, Museum and National Estate of Versailles</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Minister_of_Health_(France)" title="Minister of Health (France)">Ministry of Solidarity and Health</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>École nationale supérieure de sécurité sociale</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Minister_of_Territorial_Development_(France)" title="Minister of Territorial Development (France)">Ministry of Territorial Development</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Institut_national_des_%C3%A9tudes_territoriales" title="Institut national des études territoriales">Institut national des études territoriales</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Not classified</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/IAE_Paris" class="mw-redirect" title="IAE Paris">IAE Paris</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Institut_des_hautes_%C3%A9tudes_de_d%C3%A9fense_nationale" title="Institut des hautes études de défense nationale">Institut des hautes études de défense nationale</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/French_Academy_of_Technologies" title="French Academy of Technologies">French Academy of Technologies</a></li> <li>Agence centrale des organismes de sécurité sociale</li> <li>Agence nationale de sécurité sanitaire de l'alimentation, de l'environnement et du travail</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Agence_Nationale_de_la_Recherche" class="mw-redirect" title="Agence Nationale de la Recherche">Agence Nationale de la Recherche</a></li> <li>AD Isère Drac Romanche</li> <li>Centre d'études et de recherches sur les qualifications</li> <li>Institut national supérieur de formation et de recherche pour l'éducation des jeunes handicapés et les enseignements adaptés</li> <li>Centre national des œuvres universitaires et scolaires</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Centre_r%C3%A9gional_des_%C5%93uvres_universitaires_et_scolaires" title="Centre régional des œuvres universitaires et scolaires">Centre régional des œuvres universitaires et scolaires</a></li> <li>Caisse nationale de solidarité pour l'autonomie</li> <li>Centre de ressources, d'expertise et de performance sportives</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chamber_of_commerce" title="Chamber of commerce">Chamber of Commerce and Industry</a></li> <li>Service départemental d'incendie et de secours</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%8Ele-de-France_Mobilit%C3%A9s" title="Île-de-France Mobilités">Île-de-France Mobilités</a></li> <li>Association syndicale autorisée</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="1st_arrondissement_of_Paris" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a 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title="Notre-Dame-de-l'Assomption, Paris">Notre-Dame-de-l'Assomption</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint-Eustache,_Paris" title="Saint-Eustache, Paris">Saint-Eustache</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint-Germain_l%27Auxerrois" title="Saint-Germain l'Auxerrois">Saint-Germain l'Auxerrois</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint-Leu-Saint-Gilles_de_Paris" title="Saint-Leu-Saint-Gilles de Paris">Saint-Leu-Saint-Gilles de Paris</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint-Roch,_Paris" title="Saint-Roch, Paris">Saint-Roch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sainte-Chapelle" title="Sainte-Chapelle">Sainte-Chapelle</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Landmarks</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Com%C3%A9die-Fran%C3%A7aise" title="Comédie-Française">Comédie-Française</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Galerie_V%C3%A9ro-Dodat" title="Galerie Véro-Dodat">Galerie Véro-Dodat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%8Ele_de_la_Cit%C3%A9" title="Île de la Cité">Île de la Cité</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Conciergerie" title="Conciergerie">Conciergerie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palais_de_Justice,_Paris" title="Palais de Justice, Paris">Palais de Justice</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Les_Halles" title="Les Halles">Les Halles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louvre_Palace" title="Louvre Palace">Louvre Palace</a> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Louvre</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Medici_column" title="Medici column">Medici column</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mus%C3%A9e_des_Arts_d%C3%A9coratifs,_Paris" class="mw-redirect" title="Musée des Arts décoratifs, Paris">Musée des Arts décoratifs</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Les_Arts_d%C3%A9coratifs" title="Les Arts décoratifs">Les Arts décoratifs</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palais-Royal" title="Palais-Royal">Palais-Royal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Place_Colette" title="Place Colette">Place Colette</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Place_du_Carrousel" title="Place du Carrousel">Place du Carrousel</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arc_de_Triomphe_du_Carrousel" title="Arc de Triomphe du Carrousel">Arc de Triomphe du Carrousel</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Place_du_Ch%C3%A2telet" title="Place du Châtelet">Place du Châtelet</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fontaine_du_Palmier" title="Fontaine du Palmier">Fontaine du Palmier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Th%C3%A9%C3%A2tre_du_Ch%C3%A2telet" title="Théâtre du Châtelet">Théâtre du Châtelet</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Place_Vend%C3%B4me" title="Place Vendôme">Place Vendôme</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pont_au_Change" title="Pont au Change">Pont au Change</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pont_des_Arts" title="Pont des Arts">Pont des Arts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pont_Neuf" title="Pont Neuf">Pont Neuf</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pont_Royal" title="Pont Royal">Pont Royal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Square_du_Vert-Galant" title="Square du Vert-Galant">Square du Vert-Galant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tuileries_Garden" title="Tuileries Garden">Tuileries Garden</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Galerie_nationale_du_Jeu_de_Paume" class="mw-redirect" title="Galerie nationale du Jeu de Paume">Galerie nationale du Jeu de Paume</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Paris Métro stations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ch%C3%A2telet_station" title="Châtelet station">Châtelet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Concorde_station" title="Concorde station">Concorde</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%89tienne_Marcel_station" title="Étienne Marcel station">Étienne Marcel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Les_Halles_station" title="Les Halles station">Les Halles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louvre%E2%80%93Rivoli_station" title="Louvre–Rivoli station">Louvre–Rivoli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palais_Royal%E2%80%93Mus%C3%A9e_du_Louvre_station" title="Palais Royal–Musée du Louvre station">Palais Royal–Musée du Louvre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pont_Neuf_station" title="Pont Neuf station">Pont Neuf</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pyramides_station" title="Pyramides station">Pyramides</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tuileries_station" title="Tuileries station">Tuileries</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Paris RER stations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ch%C3%A2telet%E2%80%93Les_Halles_station" title="Châtelet–Les Halles station">Châtelet–Les Halles</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><style 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id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q19675#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q19675#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">International</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://isni.org/isni/000000012260177X">ISNI</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/257711507">VIAF</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.worldcat.org/fast/541467/">FAST</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/1006837-5">Germany</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n80020283">United States</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb11865019j">France</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb11865019j">BnF data</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.ndl.go.jp/auth/ndlna/00629424">Japan</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://opac.sbn.it/nome/CFIV060439">Italy</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://nla.gov.au/anbd.aut-an35912436">Australia</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=ko2003204754&CON_LNG=ENG">Czech Republic</a><ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=ko2003204755&CON_LNG=ENG">2</a></li></ul></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://catalogo.bne.es/uhtbin/authoritybrowse.cgi?action=display&authority_id=XX125696">Spain</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.bnportugal.gov.pt/aut/catbnp/273489">Portugal</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://authority.bibsys.no/authority/rest/authorities/html/90322400">Norway</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://kopkatalogs.lv/F?func=direct&local_base=lnc10&doc_number=000051777&P_CON_LNG=ENG">Latvia</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://katalog.nsk.hr/F/?func=direct&doc_number=000076058&local_base=nsk10">Croatia</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.nlg.gr/cgi-bin/koha/opac-authoritiesdetail.pl?authid=44027">Greece</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://lod.nl.go.kr/resource/KAB201902143">Korea</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://libris.kb.se/fcrtrjdz1nzsgcx">Sweden</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dbn.bn.org.pl/descriptor-details/9810669944905606">Poland</a></li><li><a class="external text" href="https://wikidata-externalid-url.toolforge.org/?p=8034&url_prefix=https://opac.vatlib.it/auth/detail/&id=494/881">Vatican</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://olduli.nli.org.il/F/?func=find-b&local_base=NLX10&find_code=UID&request=987007265752405171">Israel</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://cantic.bnc.cat/registre/981058513966506706">Catalonia</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Geographic</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://structurae.net/structures/10000041">Structurae</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Academics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ci.nii.ac.jp/author/DA01705974?l=en">CiNii</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Artists</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.getty.edu/vow/ULANFullDisplay?find=&role=&nation=&subjectid=500125189">ULAN</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.idref.fr/026394677">IdRef</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://rism.online/institutions/63378">RISM</a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Louvre&params=48_51_40_N_2_20_9_E_">48°51′40″N 2°20′9″E / 48.86111°N 2.33583°E / 48.86111; 2.33583</a>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Louvre&oldid=1255970897">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Louvre&oldid=1255970897</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" 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