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class="vector-toc-link" href="#Serb_and_Yugoslav_People's_Army_forces"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.1 Serb and Yugoslav People's Army forces </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Serb_and_Yugoslav_People's_Army_forces-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Croatian_forces" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Croatian_forces"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.2 Croatian forces </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Croatian_forces-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Course_of_the_war" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Course_of_the_war"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3 Course of the war </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Course_of_the_war-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Course of the war subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Course_of_the_war-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-1991:_Open_hostilities_begin" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#1991:_Open_hostilities_begin"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.1 1991: Open hostilities begin </div> </a> <ul id="toc-1991:_Open_hostilities_begin-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-First_armed_incidents" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#First_armed_incidents"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.1.1 First armed incidents </div> </a> <ul id="toc-First_armed_incidents-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Declaration_of_independence" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Declaration_of_independence"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.1.2 Declaration of independence </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Declaration_of_independence-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Escalation_of_the_conflict" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Escalation_of_the_conflict"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.1.3 Escalation of the conflict </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Escalation_of_the_conflict-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Peak_of_the_war" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Peak_of_the_war"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.1.4 Peak of the war </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Peak_of_the_war-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-1992:_Ceasefire" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#1992:_Ceasefire"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.2 1992: Ceasefire </div> </a> <ul id="toc-1992:_Ceasefire-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-1993:_Croatian_military_advances" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#1993:_Croatian_military_advances"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.3 1993: Croatian military advances </div> </a> <ul id="toc-1993:_Croatian_military_advances-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-1994:_Erosion_of_support_for_Krajina" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#1994:_Erosion_of_support_for_Krajina"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.4 1994: Erosion of support for Krajina </div> </a> <ul id="toc-1994:_Erosion_of_support_for_Krajina-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-1995:_End_of_the_war" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#1995:_End_of_the_war"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.5 1995: End of the war </div> </a> <ul id="toc-1995:_End_of_the_war-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Reintegration_of_Eastern_Slavonia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Reintegration_of_Eastern_Slavonia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.5.1 Reintegration of Eastern Slavonia </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Reintegration_of_Eastern_Slavonia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notable_defections" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notable_defections"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4 Notable defections </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notable_defections-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Impact_and_aftermath" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Impact_and_aftermath"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5 Impact and aftermath </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Impact_and_aftermath-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Impact and aftermath subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Impact_and_aftermath-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Assessment_of_type_and_name_of_the_war" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Assessment_of_type_and_name_of_the_war"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.1 Assessment of type and name of the war </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Assessment_of_type_and_name_of_the_war-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Casualties_and_refugees" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Casualties_and_refugees"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.2 Casualties and refugees </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Casualties_and_refugees-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Wartime_damage_and_minefields" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Wartime_damage_and_minefields"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.3 Wartime damage and minefields </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Wartime_damage_and_minefields-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-War_crimes_and_the_ICTY" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#War_crimes_and_the_ICTY"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.4 War crimes and the ICTY </div> </a> <ul id="toc-War_crimes_and_the_ICTY-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Serbia's_role" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Serbia's_role"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6 Serbia's role </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Serbia's_role-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Serbia's role subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Serbia's_role-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-During_the_war" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#During_the_war"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6.1 During the war </div> </a> <ul id="toc-During_the_war-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-After_the_war" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#After_the_war"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6.2 After the war </div> </a> <ul id="toc-After_the_war-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Role_of_the_international_community" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Role_of_the_international_community"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7 Role of the international community </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Role_of_the_international_community-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notable_people" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notable_people"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8 Notable people </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notable_people-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 9 See also </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Annotations" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Annotations"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 10 Annotations </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Annotations-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 11 Notes </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 12 References </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-References-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle References subsection </button> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Books" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Books"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 12.1 Books </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Books-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Other_sources" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Other_sources"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 12.2 Other sources </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Other_sources-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 13 External links </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" > Toggle the table of contents </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading">Croatian War of Independence</h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 58 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-58" aria-hidden="true" > 58 languages </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AD%D8%B1%D8%A8_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%AA%D9%82%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%84_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%83%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%AA%D9%8A%D8%A9" title="حرب الاستقلال الكرواتية – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="حرب الاستقلال الكرواتية" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target">العربية</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guerra_d%27independencia_croata" title="Guerra d'independencia croata – Aragonese" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Guerra d'independencia croata" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="Aragonese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Aragonés</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guerra_de_Croacia" title="Guerra de Croacia – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Guerra de Croacia" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Asturianu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xorvatiya_m%C3%BCharib%C9%99si" title="Xorvatiya müharibəsi – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Xorvatiya müharibəsi" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target">Azərbaycanca</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%B3%DB%8C_%D8%B3%D8%A7%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%B4%DB%8C" title="کوروواسی ساواشی – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="کوروواسی ساواشی" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target">تۆرکجه</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%95%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%8B%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%B6%E0%A7%80%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC_%E0%A6%B8%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A7%E0%A7%80%E0%A6%A8%E0%A6%A4%E0%A6%BE_%E0%A6%AF%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%A6%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A7" title="ক্রোয়েশীয় স্বাধীনতা যুদ্ধ – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="ক্রোয়েশীয় স্বাধীনতা যুদ্ধ" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target">বাংলা</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Croatia_To%CC%8Dk-li%CC%8Dp_Chi%C3%A0n-cheng" title="Croatia To̍k-li̍p Chiàn-cheng – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Croatia To̍k-li̍p Chiàn-cheng" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target">閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="featured article badge"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%9E_%D0%A5%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%8B%D1%96" title="Вайна ў Харватыі – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Вайна ў Харватыі" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Беларуская</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%A5%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%8B%D1%96_%D0%B7%D0%B0_%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B6%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%8C%D1%86%D1%8C" title="Вайна Харватыі за незалежнасьць – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Вайна Харватыі за незалежнасьць" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target">Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D1%8A%D1%80%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B9%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%B7%D0%B0_%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82" title="Хърватска война за независимост – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Хърватска война за независимост" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Български</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rat_u_Hrvatskoj" title="Rat u Hrvatskoj – Bosnian" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Rat u Hrvatskoj" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bosanski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guerra_de_la_independ%C3%A8ncia_croata" title="Guerra de la independència croata – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Guerra de la independència croata" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target">Català</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chorvatsk%C3%A1_v%C3%A1lka_za_nez%C3%A1vislost" title="Chorvatská válka za nezávislost – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Chorvatská válka za nezávislost" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target">Čeština</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Den_kroatiske_selvst%C3%A6ndighedskrig" title="Den kroatiske selvstændighedskrig – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Den kroatiske selvstændighedskrig" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Dansk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kroatienkrieg" title="Kroatienkrieg – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Kroatienkrieg" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target">Deutsch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Horvaatia_iseseisvuss%C3%B5da" title="Horvaatia iseseisvussõda – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Horvaatia iseseisvussõda" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Eesti</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A0%CF%8C%CE%BB%CE%B5%CE%BC%CE%BF%CF%82_%CF%84%CE%B7%CF%82_%CE%9A%CF%81%CE%BF%CE%B1%CF%84%CE%AF%CE%B1%CF%82" title="Πόλεμος της Κροατίας – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Πόλεμος της Κροατίας" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ελληνικά</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guerra_de_Croacia" title="Guerra de Croacia – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Guerra de Croacia" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Español</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kroaziako_Independentzia_Gerra" title="Kroaziako Independentzia Gerra – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Kroaziako Independentzia Gerra" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target">Euskara</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D9%86%DA%AF_%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%AA%D9%82%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%84_%DA%A9%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%B3%DB%8C" title="جنگ استقلال کرواسی – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="جنگ استقلال کرواسی" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target">فارسی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guerre_de_Croatie" title="Guerre de Croatie – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Guerre de Croatie" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target">Français</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guerra_de_Croacia" title="Guerra de Croacia – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Guerra de Croacia" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target">Galego</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%ED%81%AC%EB%A1%9C%EC%95%84%ED%8B%B0%EC%95%84_%EB%8F%85%EB%A6%BD_%EC%A0%84%EC%9F%81" title="크로아티아 독립 전쟁 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="크로아티아 독립 전쟁" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target">한국어</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%BD%D5%B8%D6%80%D5%BE%D5%A1%D5%A9%D5%AB%D5%A1%D5%B5%D5%AB_%D5%A1%D5%B6%D5%AF%D5%A1%D5%AD%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%A9%D5%B5%D5%A1%D5%B6_%D5%BA%D5%A1%D5%BF%D5%A5%D6%80%D5%A1%D5%A6%D5%B4" title="Խորվաթիայի անկախության պատերազմ – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Խորվաթիայի անկախության պատերազմ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Հայերեն</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="featured article badge"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Domovinski_rat" title="Domovinski rat – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Domovinski rat" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Hrvatski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perang_Kroasia" title="Perang Kroasia – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Perang Kroasia" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bahasa Indonesia</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guerra_d%27indipendenza_croata" title="Guerra d'indipendenza croata – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Guerra d'indipendenza croata" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Italiano</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%9E%D7%9C%D7%97%D7%9E%D7%AA_%D7%94%D7%A2%D7%A6%D7%9E%D7%90%D7%95%D7%AA_%D7%A9%D7%9C_%D7%A7%D7%A8%D7%95%D7%90%D7%98%D7%99%D7%94" title="מלחמת העצמאות של קרואטיה – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="מלחמת העצמאות של קרואטיה" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target">עברית</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9B%E1%83%98_%E1%83%AE%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A0%E1%83%95%E1%83%90%E1%83%A2%E1%83%98%E1%83%98%E1%83%A1_%E1%83%93%E1%83%90%E1%83%9B%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A3%E1%83%99%E1%83%98%E1%83%93%E1%83%94%E1%83%91%E1%83%9A%E1%83%9D%E1%83%91%E1%83%98%E1%83%A1%E1%83%90%E1%83%97%E1%83%95%E1%83%98%E1%83%A1" title="ომი ხორვატიის დამოუკიდებლობისათვის – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ომი ხორვატიის დამოუკიდებლობისათვის" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target">ქართული</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Horv%C4%81tijas_kar%C5%A1" title="Horvātijas karš – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Horvātijas karš" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Latviešu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kroatijos_nepriklausomyb%C4%97s_karas" title="Kroatijos nepriklausomybės karas – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Kroatijos nepriklausomybės karas" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Lietuvių</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kroatische_%C3%93naafhankeligsheedskrie%C3%ABg" title="Kroatische Ónaafhankeligsheedskrieëg – Limburgish" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Kroatische Ónaafhankeligsheedskrieëg" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="Limburgish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Limburgs</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Horv%C3%A1torsz%C3%A1gi_h%C3%A1bor%C3%BA" title="Horvátországi háború – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Horvátországi háború" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Magyar</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D1%80%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%B2%D0%BE%D1%98%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%B7%D0%B0_%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82" title="Хрватска војна за независност – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Хрватска војна за независност" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Македонски</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perang_Kemerdekaan_Croatia" title="Perang Kemerdekaan Croatia – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Perang Kemerdekaan Croatia" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bahasa Melayu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kroatische_Onafhankelijkheidsoorlog" title="Kroatische Onafhankelijkheidsoorlog – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Kroatische Onafhankelijkheidsoorlog" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target">Nederlands</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%AF%E3%83%AD%E3%82%A2%E3%83%81%E3%82%A2%E7%B4%9B%E4%BA%89" title="クロアチア紛争 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="クロアチア紛争" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target">日本語</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kroatiakrigen" title="Kroatiakrigen – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Kroatiakrigen" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target">Norsk bokmål</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gu%C3%A8rra_en_Cro%C3%A0cia" title="Guèrra en Croàcia – Occitan" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Guèrra en Croàcia" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Occitan" class="interlanguage-link-target">Occitan</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AF_%DA%A9%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%B3%DB%8C%D8%A7_%D8%AF_%D8%AE%D9%BE%D9%84%D9%88%D8%A7%DA%A9%DB%8D_%D8%AC%DA%AB%DA%93%D9%87" title="د کرواسیا د خپلواکۍ جګړه – Pashto" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="د کرواسیا د خپلواکۍ جګړه" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="Pashto" class="interlanguage-link-target">پښتو</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wojna_w_Chorwacji" title="Wojna w Chorwacji – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Wojna w Chorwacji" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Polski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guerra_de_Independ%C3%AAncia_da_Cro%C3%A1cia" title="Guerra de Independência da Croácia – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Guerra de Independência da Croácia" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Português</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/R%C4%83zboiul_de_Independen%C8%9B%C4%83_al_Croa%C8%9Biei" title="Războiul de Independență al Croației – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Războiul de Independență al Croației" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Română</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="featured article badge"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%BE%D0%B9%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%B2_%D0%A5%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%B8" title="Война в Хорватии – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Война в Хорватии" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Русский</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lufta_Kroate_p%C3%ABr_Pavar%C3%ABsi" title="Lufta Kroate për Pavarësi – Albanian" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Lufta Kroate për Pavarësi" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albanian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Shqip</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Croatian_War_of_Independence" title="Croatian War of Independence – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Croatian War of Independence" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target">Simple English</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vojna_v_Chorv%C3%A1tsku" title="Vojna v Chorvátsku – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Vojna v Chorvátsku" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target">Slovenčina</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hrva%C5%A1ka_osamosvojitvena_vojna" title="Hrvaška osamosvojitvena vojna – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Hrvaška osamosvojitvena vojna" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Slovenščina</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B0%D1%82_%D1%83_%D0%A5%D1%80%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D1%98" title="Рат у Хрватској – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Рат у Хрватској" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Српски / srpski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rat_u_Hrvatskoj" title="Rat u Hrvatskoj – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Rat u Hrvatskoj" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kroatian_sota" title="Kroatian sota – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Kroatian sota" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Suomi</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kroatiska_sj%C3%A4lvst%C3%A4ndighetskriget" title="Kroatiska självständighetskriget – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Kroatiska självständighetskriget" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Svenska</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A0%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%9E%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%AD%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2" title="สงครามประกาศอิสรภาพโครเอเชีย – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="สงครามประกาศอิสรภาพโครเอเชีย" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target">ไทย</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/H%C4%B1rvatistan_Sava%C5%9F%C4%B1" title="Hırvatistan Savaşı – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Hırvatistan Savaşı" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Türkçe</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D1%96%D0%B9%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%A5%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%96%D1%97_%D0%B7%D0%B0_%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B6%D0%BD%D1%96%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8C" title="Війна Хорватії за незалежність – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Війна Хорватії за незалежність" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Українська</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chi%E1%BA%BFn_tranh_gi%C3%A0nh_%C4%91%E1%BB%99c_l%E1%BA%ADp_Croatia" title="Chiến tranh giành độc lập Croatia – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Chiến tranh giành độc lập Croatia" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Tiếng Việt</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%85%8B%E7%BD%97%E5%9C%B0%E4%BA%9A%E7%8B%AC%E7%AB%8B%E6%88%98%E4%BA%89" title="克罗地亚独立战争 – Wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="克罗地亚独立战争" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu" class="interlanguage-link-target">吴语</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%85%8B%E7%BE%85%E5%9F%83%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9E%E7%8D%A8%E7%AB%8B%E6%88%B0%E7%88%AD" title="克羅埃西亞獨立戰爭 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="克羅埃西亞獨立戰爭" data-language-autonym="中文" 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src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Memorijalno_groblje_Vukovar.jpg/138px-Memorijalno_groblje_Vukovar.jpg" decoding="async" width="138" height="92" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Memorijalno_groblje_Vukovar.jpg/207px-Memorijalno_groblje_Vukovar.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Memorijalno_groblje_Vukovar.jpg/276px-Memorijalno_groblje_Vukovar.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="853" /></a></div></div></div><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:138px;max-width:138px"><div style="height:100px;overflow:hidden"><a href="/wiki/File:Destruction_of_a_tank.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/de/Destruction_of_a_tank.jpg/136px-Destruction_of_a_tank.jpg" decoding="async" width="136" height="100" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/de/Destruction_of_a_tank.jpg/204px-Destruction_of_a_tank.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/de/Destruction_of_a_tank.jpg/272px-Destruction_of_a_tank.jpg 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="443" /></a></div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:150px;max-width:150px"><div style="height:100px;overflow:hidden"><a href="/wiki/File:Destroyed_tank_on_the_road_to_Drnis_1.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/40/Destroyed_tank_on_the_road_to_Drnis_1.jpg/148px-Destroyed_tank_on_the_road_to_Drnis_1.jpg" decoding="async" width="148" height="100" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/40/Destroyed_tank_on_the_road_to_Drnis_1.jpg/222px-Destroyed_tank_on_the_road_to_Drnis_1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/40/Destroyed_tank_on_the_road_to_Drnis_1.jpg/296px-Destroyed_tank_on_the_road_to_Drnis_1.jpg 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="407" /></a></div></div></div></div></div> Clockwise from top left: The central street of <a href="/wiki/Dubrovnik" title="Dubrovnik">Dubrovnik</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Stradun_(street)" title="Stradun (street)">Stradun</a>, in ruins during the <a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Dubrovnik" title="Siege of Dubrovnik">Siege of Dubrovnik</a>; the damaged <a href="/wiki/Vukovar_water_tower" title="Vukovar water tower">Vukovar water tower</a>, a symbol of the early conflict, flying the <a href="/wiki/Flag_of_Croatia" title="Flag of Croatia">Flag of Croatia</a>; the <a href="/wiki/Vukovar" title="Vukovar">Vukovar</a> Memorial Cemetery; a Serbian <a href="/wiki/T-55" class="mw-redirect" title="T-55">T-55</a> tank destroyed on the road to <a href="/wiki/Drni%C5%A1" title="Drniš">Drniš</a>; soldiers of the <a href="/wiki/Croatian_Army" title="Croatian Army">Croatian Army</a> preparing to destroy a <a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Serbian_Krajina" title="Republic of Serbian Krajina">Serb</a> tank; A destroyed <a href="/wiki/Yugoslav_People%27s_Army" title="Yugoslav People's Army">Yugoslav People's Army</a> tank</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2"><table style="width:100%;margin:0;padding:0;border:0;display:inline-table"><tbody><tr><th style="padding-right:1em">Date</th><td><a href="/wiki/Pakrac_clash" title="Pakrac clash">1 March 1991</a> – <a href="/wiki/Erdut_agreement" class="mw-redirect" title="Erdut agreement">12 November 1995</a><a href="#cite_note-19">[F]</a> (4 years, 7 months, 1 week and 5 days)</td></tr><tr><th style="padding-right:1em">Location</th><td><div class="location">Croatia, with some spillover into <a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina" title="Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina">Bosnia and Herzegovina</a><a href="#cite_note-23">[G]</a></div></td></tr><tr><th style="padding-right:1em">Result</th><td class="status"> Croatian victory <ul><li>Yugoslav army formally withdrew from Croatia from January 1992 under the <a href="/wiki/Sarajevo_Agreement" class="mw-redirect" title="Sarajevo Agreement">Sarajevo Agreement</a></li> <li>Croatian forces regained control over most of <a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Serbian_Krajina" title="Republic of Serbian Krajina">Republic of Serbian Krajina</a>-held territory</li> <li>Croatian forces advanced into <a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina" title="Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina">Bosnia and Herzegovina</a> to assist the united Bosnian and Croatian side, which led to the eventual end of the <a href="/wiki/Bosnian_War" title="Bosnian War">Bosnian War</a> in December 1995</li></ul></td></tr><tr><th style="padding-right:1em">Territorial changes</th><td> The Croatian government gains control over the vast majority of territory previously held by rebel Serbs, with the remainder coming under <a href="/wiki/UNTAES" class="mw-redirect" title="UNTAES">UNTAES</a> control.<a href="#cite_note-25">[H]</a></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;font-size:110%;">Belligerents</th></tr><tr><td style="width:50%;border-right:1px dotted #aaa;"> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist">1991–94: <ul><li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Flag_of_Croatia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Croatia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Flag_of_Croatia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Croatia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Flag_of_Croatia.svg/46px-Flag_of_Croatia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Croatia" title="Croatia">Croatia</a><a href="#cite_note-Croatia-Yugoslavia-5">[A]</a></li></ul> </div></td><td style="width:50%;padding-left:0.25em"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist">1991–92: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Socialist_Federal_Republic_of_Yugoslavia" title="Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia"><img alt="Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Flag_of_Yugoslavia_%281946-1992%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Yugoslavia_%281946-1992%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Flag_of_Yugoslavia_%281946-1992%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Yugoslavia_%281946-1992%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Flag_of_Yugoslavia_%281946-1992%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_Yugoslavia_%281946-1992%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="500" /></a> <a href="/wiki/SFR_Yugoslavia" class="mw-redirect" title="SFR Yugoslavia">SFR Yugoslavia</a><a href="#cite_note-SFR-Yugoslavia-8">[B]</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/Flag_of_Serbian_Krajina_%281991%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Serbian_Krajina_%281991%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/Flag_of_Serbian_Krajina_%281991%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Serbian_Krajina_%281991%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/Flag_of_Serbian_Krajina_%281991%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_Serbian_Krajina_%281991%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/SAO_Krajina" title="SAO Krajina">SAO Krajina</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/Flag_of_Serbian_Krajina_%281991%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Serbian_Krajina_%281991%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/Flag_of_Serbian_Krajina_%281991%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Serbian_Krajina_%281991%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/Flag_of_Serbian_Krajina_%281991%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_Serbian_Krajina_%281991%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/SAO_Eastern_Slavonia,_Baranja_and_Western_Syrmia" title="SAO Eastern Slavonia, Baranja and Western Syrmia">SAO Eastern Slavonia, Baranja and Western Syrmia</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/Flag_of_Serbian_Krajina_%281991%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Serbian_Krajina_%281991%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/Flag_of_Serbian_Krajina_%281991%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Serbian_Krajina_%281991%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/Flag_of_Serbian_Krajina_%281991%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_Serbian_Krajina_%281991%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/SAO_Western_Slavonia" title="SAO Western Slavonia">SAO Western Slavonia</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td style="width:50%;border-right:1px dotted #aaa;;border-top:1px dotted #aaa;"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist">1994–95: <ul><li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Flag_of_Croatia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Croatia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Flag_of_Croatia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Croatia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Flag_of_Croatia.svg/46px-Flag_of_Croatia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Croatia" title="Croatia">Croatia</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/Flag_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina_%281992%E2%80%931998%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina_%281992%E2%80%931998%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/Flag_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina_%281992%E2%80%931998%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina_%281992%E2%80%931998%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/Flag_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina_%281992%E2%80%931998%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina_%281992%E2%80%931998%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="500" /> <a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina" title="Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina">Bosnia and Herzegovina</a><a href="#cite_note-bosnia-1994–1995-10">[C]</a></li></ul> </div></td><td style="width:50%;padding-left:0.25em;border-top:1px dotted #aaa;"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist">1992–95: <ul><li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/State_Flag_of_Serbian_Krajina_%281991%29.svg/23px-State_Flag_of_Serbian_Krajina_%281991%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/State_Flag_of_Serbian_Krajina_%281991%29.svg/35px-State_Flag_of_Serbian_Krajina_%281991%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/State_Flag_of_Serbian_Krajina_%281991%29.svg/46px-State_Flag_of_Serbian_Krajina_%281991%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Serbian_Krajina" title="Republic of Serbian Krajina">Serbian Krajina</a><a href="#cite_note-sao2rsk-11">[D]</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Flag_of_the_Republika_Srpska.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Republika_Srpska.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Flag_of_the_Republika_Srpska.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Republika_Srpska.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Flag_of_the_Republika_Srpska.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_Republika_Srpska.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Republika_Srpska_(1991%E2%80%9395)" class="mw-redirect" title="Republika Srpska (1991–95)">Republika Srpska</a><a href="#cite_note-bosnia-1992–1994-14">[E]</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;font-size:110%;">Commanders and leaders</th></tr><tr><td style="width:50%;border-right:1px dotted #aaa;"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Croatia" title="Croatia"><img alt="Croatia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Flag_of_Croatia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Croatia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Flag_of_Croatia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Croatia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Flag_of_Croatia.svg/46px-Flag_of_Croatia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Franjo_Tu%C4%91man" title="Franjo Tuđman">Franjo Tuđman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Croatia" title="Croatia"><img alt="Croatia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Flag_of_Croatia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Croatia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Flag_of_Croatia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Croatia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Flag_of_Croatia.svg/46px-Flag_of_Croatia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Gojko_%C5%A0u%C5%A1ak" title="Gojko Šušak">Gojko Šušak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Croatia" title="Croatia"><img alt="Croatia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Flag_of_Croatia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Croatia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Flag_of_Croatia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Croatia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Flag_of_Croatia.svg/46px-Flag_of_Croatia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Anton_Tus" title="Anton Tus">Anton Tus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Croatia" title="Croatia"><img alt="Croatia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Flag_of_Croatia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Croatia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Flag_of_Croatia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Croatia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Flag_of_Croatia.svg/46px-Flag_of_Croatia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Janko_Bobetko" title="Janko Bobetko">Janko Bobetko</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Croatia" title="Croatia"><img alt="Croatia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Flag_of_Croatia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Croatia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Flag_of_Croatia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Croatia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Flag_of_Croatia.svg/46px-Flag_of_Croatia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Zvonimir_%C4%8Cervenko" title="Zvonimir Červenko">Zvonimir Červenko</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Croatia" title="Croatia"><img alt="Croatia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Flag_of_Croatia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Croatia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Flag_of_Croatia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Croatia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Flag_of_Croatia.svg/46px-Flag_of_Croatia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Petar_Stipeti%C4%87" title="Petar Stipetić">Petar Stipetić</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Croatia" title="Croatia"><img alt="Croatia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Flag_of_Croatia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Croatia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Flag_of_Croatia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Croatia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Flag_of_Croatia.svg/46px-Flag_of_Croatia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Martin_%C5%A0pegelj" title="Martin Špegelj">Martin Špegelj</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Croatia" title="Croatia"><img alt="Croatia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Flag_of_Croatia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Croatia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Flag_of_Croatia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Croatia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Flag_of_Croatia.svg/46px-Flag_of_Croatia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Ante_Gotovina" title="Ante Gotovina">Ante Gotovina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Croatia" title="Croatia"><img alt="Croatia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Flag_of_Croatia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Croatia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Flag_of_Croatia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Croatia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Flag_of_Croatia.svg/46px-Flag_of_Croatia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Mladen_Marka%C4%8D" title="Mladen Markač">Mladen Markač</a></li></ul> </div></td><td style="width:50%;padding-left:0.25em"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Socialist_Republic_of_Serbia" title="Socialist Republic of Serbia"><img alt="Socialist Republic of Serbia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/Flag_of_Montenegro_%281946%E2%80%931993%29%2C_Flag_of_Serbia_%281947%E2%80%931992%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Montenegro_%281946%E2%80%931993%29%2C_Flag_of_Serbia_%281947%E2%80%931992%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/Flag_of_Montenegro_%281946%E2%80%931993%29%2C_Flag_of_Serbia_%281947%E2%80%931992%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Montenegro_%281946%E2%80%931993%29%2C_Flag_of_Serbia_%281947%E2%80%931992%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/Flag_of_Montenegro_%281946%E2%80%931993%29%2C_Flag_of_Serbia_%281947%E2%80%931992%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_Montenegro_%281946%E2%80%931993%29%2C_Flag_of_Serbia_%281947%E2%80%931992%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="500" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Slobodan_Milo%C5%A1evi%C4%87" title="Slobodan Milošević">Slobodan Milošević</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Socialist_Federal_Republic_of_Yugoslavia" title="Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia"><img alt="Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Flag_of_Yugoslavia_%281946-1992%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Yugoslavia_%281946-1992%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Flag_of_Yugoslavia_%281946-1992%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Yugoslavia_%281946-1992%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Flag_of_Yugoslavia_%281946-1992%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_Yugoslavia_%281946-1992%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="500" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Borisav_Jovi%C4%87" title="Borisav Jović">Borisav Jović</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Socialist_Federal_Republic_of_Yugoslavia" title="Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia"><img alt="Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Flag_of_Yugoslavia_%281946-1992%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Yugoslavia_%281946-1992%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Flag_of_Yugoslavia_%281946-1992%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Yugoslavia_%281946-1992%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Flag_of_Yugoslavia_%281946-1992%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_Yugoslavia_%281946-1992%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="500" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Veljko_Kadijevi%C4%87" title="Veljko Kadijević">Veljko Kadijević</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Socialist_Federal_Republic_of_Yugoslavia" title="Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia"><img alt="Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Flag_of_Yugoslavia_%281946-1992%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Yugoslavia_%281946-1992%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Flag_of_Yugoslavia_%281946-1992%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Yugoslavia_%281946-1992%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Flag_of_Yugoslavia_%281946-1992%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_Yugoslavia_%281946-1992%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="500" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Blagoje_Ad%C5%BEi%C4%87" title="Blagoje Adžić">Blagoje Adžić</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Socialist_Federal_Republic_of_Yugoslavia" title="Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia"><img alt="Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Flag_of_Yugoslavia_%281946-1992%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Yugoslavia_%281946-1992%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Flag_of_Yugoslavia_%281946-1992%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Yugoslavia_%281946-1992%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Flag_of_Yugoslavia_%281946-1992%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_Yugoslavia_%281946-1992%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="500" /></a> <a href="/wiki/%C5%BDivota_Pani%C4%87" title="Života Panić">Života Panić</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/State_Flag_of_Serbian_Krajina_%281991%29.svg/23px-State_Flag_of_Serbian_Krajina_%281991%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/State_Flag_of_Serbian_Krajina_%281991%29.svg/35px-State_Flag_of_Serbian_Krajina_%281991%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/State_Flag_of_Serbian_Krajina_%281991%29.svg/46px-State_Flag_of_Serbian_Krajina_%281991%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Milan_Marti%C4%87" title="Milan Martić">Milan Martić</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/State_Flag_of_Serbian_Krajina_%281991%29.svg/23px-State_Flag_of_Serbian_Krajina_%281991%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/State_Flag_of_Serbian_Krajina_%281991%29.svg/35px-State_Flag_of_Serbian_Krajina_%281991%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/State_Flag_of_Serbian_Krajina_%281991%29.svg/46px-State_Flag_of_Serbian_Krajina_%281991%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Milan_Babi%C4%87" title="Milan Babić">Milan Babić</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/State_Flag_of_Serbian_Krajina_%281991%29.svg/23px-State_Flag_of_Serbian_Krajina_%281991%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/State_Flag_of_Serbian_Krajina_%281991%29.svg/35px-State_Flag_of_Serbian_Krajina_%281991%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/State_Flag_of_Serbian_Krajina_%281991%29.svg/46px-State_Flag_of_Serbian_Krajina_%281991%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Goran_Had%C5%BEi%C4%87" title="Goran Hadžić">Goran Hadžić</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Flag_of_Serbia_%281992%E2%80%932004%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Serbia_%281992%E2%80%932004%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Flag_of_Serbia_%281992%E2%80%932004%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Serbia_%281992%E2%80%932004%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Flag_of_Serbia_%281992%E2%80%932004%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_Serbia_%281992%E2%80%932004%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Jovica_Stani%C5%A1i%C4%87" title="Jovica Stanišić">Jovica Stanišić</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Flag_of_Serbia_%281992%E2%80%932004%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Serbia_%281992%E2%80%932004%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Flag_of_Serbia_%281992%E2%80%932004%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Serbia_%281992%E2%80%932004%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Flag_of_Serbia_%281992%E2%80%932004%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_Serbia_%281992%E2%80%932004%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Franko_Simatovi%C4%87" title="Franko Simatović">Franko Simatović</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republika_Srpska" title="Republika Srpska"><img alt="Republika Srpska" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Flag_of_the_Republika_Srpska.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Republika_Srpska.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Flag_of_the_Republika_Srpska.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Republika_Srpska.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Flag_of_the_Republika_Srpska.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_Republika_Srpska.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Radovan_Karad%C5%BEi%C4%87" title="Radovan Karadžić">Radovan Karadžić</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republika_Srpska" title="Republika Srpska"><img alt="Republika Srpska" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Flag_of_the_Republika_Srpska.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Republika_Srpska.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Flag_of_the_Republika_Srpska.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Republika_Srpska.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Flag_of_the_Republika_Srpska.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_Republika_Srpska.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Ratko_Mladi%C4%87" title="Ratko Mladić">Ratko Mladić</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Flag_of_Serbia_%281992%E2%80%932004%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Serbia_%281992%E2%80%932004%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Flag_of_Serbia_%281992%E2%80%932004%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Serbia_%281992%E2%80%932004%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Flag_of_Serbia_%281992%E2%80%932004%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_Serbia_%281992%E2%80%932004%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/White_eagles.svg/15px-White_eagles.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/White_eagles.svg/22px-White_eagles.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/White_eagles.svg/29px-White_eagles.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="335" data-file-height="343" /> <a href="/wiki/Vojislav_%C5%A0e%C5%A1elj" title="Vojislav Šešelj">Vojislav Šešelj</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;font-size:110%;">Units involved</th></tr><tr><td style="width:50%;border-right:1px dotted #aaa;"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Flag_of_Croatian_Army.svg/23px-Flag_of_Croatian_Army.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Flag_of_Croatian_Army.svg/35px-Flag_of_Croatian_Army.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Flag_of_Croatian_Army.svg/46px-Flag_of_Croatian_Army.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="400" /> <a href="/wiki/Croatian_Army" title="Croatian Army">Croatian Army</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Croatian_National_Guard.svg/23px-Flag_of_Croatian_National_Guard.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Croatian_National_Guard.svg/35px-Flag_of_Croatian_National_Guard.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Croatian_National_Guard.svg/46px-Flag_of_Croatian_National_Guard.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="400" /> <a href="/wiki/Croatian_National_Guard" title="Croatian National Guard">Croatian National Guard</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/40/Naval_Ensign_of_Croatia.svg/23px-Naval_Ensign_of_Croatia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/40/Naval_Ensign_of_Croatia.svg/35px-Naval_Ensign_of_Croatia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/40/Naval_Ensign_of_Croatia.svg/45px-Naval_Ensign_of_Croatia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Croatian_Navy" title="Croatian Navy">Croatian Navy</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Flag_of_the_Croatian_Air_Force.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Croatian_Air_Force.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Flag_of_the_Croatian_Air_Force.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Croatian_Air_Force.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Flag_of_the_Croatian_Air_Force.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_Croatian_Air_Force.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1002" data-file-height="602" /> <a href="/wiki/Croatian_Air_Force" title="Croatian Air Force">Croatian Air Force</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/Flag_of_Croatian_Police.svg/23px-Flag_of_Croatian_Police.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/Flag_of_Croatian_Police.svg/35px-Flag_of_Croatian_Police.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/Flag_of_Croatian_Police.svg/46px-Flag_of_Croatian_Police.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="400" /> <a href="/wiki/Law_enforcement_in_Croatia" title="Law enforcement in Croatia">Croatian Police</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/Flag_of_the_Croatian_Defence_Forces.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Croatian_Defence_Forces.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/Flag_of_the_Croatian_Defence_Forces.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Croatian_Defence_Forces.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/Flag_of_the_Croatian_Defence_Forces.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_Croatian_Defence_Forces.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Croatian_Defence_Forces" title="Croatian Defence Forces">Croatian Defence Forces</a></li></ul> </div></td><td style="width:50%;padding-left:0.25em"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li><ul><li><a href="/wiki/File:Emblem_of_the_Yugoslav_People%27s_Army_(1991-1992).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Emblem_of_the_Yugoslav_People%27s_Army_%281991-1992%29.svg/22px-Emblem_of_the_Yugoslav_People%27s_Army_%281991-1992%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Emblem_of_the_Yugoslav_People%27s_Army_%281991-1992%29.svg/33px-Emblem_of_the_Yugoslav_People%27s_Army_%281991-1992%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Emblem_of_the_Yugoslav_People%27s_Army_%281991-1992%29.svg/44px-Emblem_of_the_Yugoslav_People%27s_Army_%281991-1992%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="2063" data-file-height="2048" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Yugoslav_People%27s_Army" title="Yugoslav People's Army">Yugoslav People's Army</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/33/Flag_of_the_Yugoslav_Ground_Forces.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Yugoslav_Ground_Forces.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/33/Flag_of_the_Yugoslav_Ground_Forces.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Yugoslav_Ground_Forces.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/33/Flag_of_the_Yugoslav_Ground_Forces.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_Yugoslav_Ground_Forces.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Yugoslav_Ground_Forces" title="Yugoslav Ground Forces">Yugoslav Ground Forces</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/Naval_Ensign_of_Yugoslavia_%281949%E2%80%931993%29.svg/23px-Naval_Ensign_of_Yugoslavia_%281949%E2%80%931993%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/Naval_Ensign_of_Yugoslavia_%281949%E2%80%931993%29.svg/35px-Naval_Ensign_of_Yugoslavia_%281949%E2%80%931993%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/Naval_Ensign_of_Yugoslavia_%281949%E2%80%931993%29.svg/45px-Naval_Ensign_of_Yugoslavia_%281949%E2%80%931993%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="450" data-file-height="300" /> <a href="/wiki/Yugoslav_Navy" title="Yugoslav Navy">Yugoslav Navy</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Flag_of_Yugoslavia_%281946-1992%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Yugoslavia_%281946-1992%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Flag_of_Yugoslavia_%281946-1992%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Yugoslavia_%281946-1992%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Flag_of_Yugoslavia_%281946-1992%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_Yugoslavia_%281946-1992%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="500" /> <a href="/wiki/Yugoslav_Air_Force" title="Yugoslav Air Force">Yugoslav Air Force</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/Flag_of_Montenegro_%281946%E2%80%931993%29%2C_Flag_of_Serbia_%281947%E2%80%931992%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Montenegro_%281946%E2%80%931993%29%2C_Flag_of_Serbia_%281947%E2%80%931992%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/Flag_of_Montenegro_%281946%E2%80%931993%29%2C_Flag_of_Serbia_%281947%E2%80%931992%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Montenegro_%281946%E2%80%931993%29%2C_Flag_of_Serbia_%281947%E2%80%931992%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/Flag_of_Montenegro_%281946%E2%80%931993%29%2C_Flag_of_Serbia_%281947%E2%80%931992%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_Montenegro_%281946%E2%80%931993%29%2C_Flag_of_Serbia_%281947%E2%80%931992%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="500" /> <a href="/wiki/Territorial_Defense_(Yugoslavia)" title="Territorial Defense (Yugoslavia)">Republic of Serbia Territorial Defense</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Socialist_Republic_of_Montenegro" title="Socialist Republic of Montenegro"><img alt="Socialist Republic of Montenegro" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/Flag_of_Montenegro_%281946%E2%80%931993%29%2C_Flag_of_Serbia_%281947%E2%80%931992%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Montenegro_%281946%E2%80%931993%29%2C_Flag_of_Serbia_%281947%E2%80%931992%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/Flag_of_Montenegro_%281946%E2%80%931993%29%2C_Flag_of_Serbia_%281947%E2%80%931992%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Montenegro_%281946%E2%80%931993%29%2C_Flag_of_Serbia_%281947%E2%80%931992%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/Flag_of_Montenegro_%281946%E2%80%931993%29%2C_Flag_of_Serbia_%281947%E2%80%931992%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_Montenegro_%281946%E2%80%931993%29%2C_Flag_of_Serbia_%281947%E2%80%931992%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="500" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Territorial_Defense_(Yugoslavia)" title="Territorial Defense (Yugoslavia)">Republic of Montenegro Territorial Defense</a></li></ul></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/War_Flag_of_Serbian_Krajina.svg/23px-War_Flag_of_Serbian_Krajina.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/War_Flag_of_Serbian_Krajina.svg/35px-War_Flag_of_Serbian_Krajina.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/War_Flag_of_Serbian_Krajina.svg/46px-War_Flag_of_Serbian_Krajina.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Serbian_Army_of_Krajina" title="Serbian Army of Krajina">Army of Serbian Krajina</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Flag_of_Serbia_%281992%E2%80%932004%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Serbia_%281992%E2%80%932004%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Flag_of_Serbia_%281992%E2%80%932004%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Serbia_%281992%E2%80%932004%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Flag_of_Serbia_%281992%E2%80%932004%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_Serbia_%281992%E2%80%932004%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Serbian_paramilitary#Yugoslav_Wars" class="mw-redirect" title="Serbian paramilitary">Serbian paramilitary units</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/55/Flag_of_the_Chetniks_%28variant%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Chetniks_%28variant%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/55/Flag_of_the_Chetniks_%28variant%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Chetniks_%28variant%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/55/Flag_of_the_Chetniks_%28variant%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_Chetniks_%28variant%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="2560" data-file-height="1646" /> <a href="/wiki/Chetniks#Legacy" title="Chetniks">Serbian Chetnik Movement</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;font-size:110%;">Strength</th></tr><tr><td style="width:50%;border-right:1px dotted #aaa;"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Croatia" title="Croatia"><img alt="Croatia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Flag_of_Croatia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Croatia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Flag_of_Croatia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Croatia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Flag_of_Croatia.svg/46px-Flag_of_Croatia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a> 70,000 (1991)<a href="#cite_note-26">[18]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Croatia" title="Croatia"><img alt="Croatia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Flag_of_Croatia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Croatia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Flag_of_Croatia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Croatia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Flag_of_Croatia.svg/46px-Flag_of_Croatia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a> 200,000 (1995)<a href="#cite_note-27">[19]</a></li></ul> </div></td><td style="width:50%;padding-left:0.25em"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Socialist_Federal_Republic_of_Yugoslavia" title="Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia"><img alt="Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Flag_of_Yugoslavia_%281946-1992%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Yugoslavia_%281946-1992%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Flag_of_Yugoslavia_%281946-1992%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Yugoslavia_%281946-1992%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Flag_of_Yugoslavia_%281946-1992%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_Yugoslavia_%281946-1992%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="500" /></a> 145,000 (1991)</li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/State_Flag_of_Serbian_Krajina_%281991%29.svg/23px-State_Flag_of_Serbian_Krajina_%281991%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/State_Flag_of_Serbian_Krajina_%281991%29.svg/35px-State_Flag_of_Serbian_Krajina_%281991%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/State_Flag_of_Serbian_Krajina_%281991%29.svg/46px-State_Flag_of_Serbian_Krajina_%281991%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> 50,000 (1995)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;font-size:110%;">Casualties and losses</th></tr><tr><td style="width:50%;border-right:1px dotted #aaa;"> <a href="/wiki/Croatia" title="Croatia"><img alt="Croatia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Flag_of_Croatia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Croatia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Flag_of_Croatia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Croatia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Flag_of_Croatia.svg/46px-Flag_of_Croatia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a> 15,007 dead or missing (8,685 soldiers and 6,322 civilians)<a href="#cite_note-Enis_Zebic-28">[20]</a> <hr /> 300,000 displaced<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEPhuong2005157-29">[21]</a></td><td style="width:50%;padding-left:0.25em"> <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/State_Flag_of_Serbian_Krajina_%281991%29.svg/23px-State_Flag_of_Serbian_Krajina_%281991%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/State_Flag_of_Serbian_Krajina_%281991%29.svg/35px-State_Flag_of_Serbian_Krajina_%281991%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/State_Flag_of_Serbian_Krajina_%281991%29.svg/46px-State_Flag_of_Serbian_Krajina_%281991%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> 7,134 dead or missing (4,484 soldiers and 2,650 civilians)<a href="#cite_note-veritas-30">[22]</a> <a href="/wiki/Socialist_Federal_Republic_of_Yugoslavia" title="Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia"><img alt="Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Flag_of_Yugoslavia_%281946-1992%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Yugoslavia_%281946-1992%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Flag_of_Yugoslavia_%281946-1992%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Yugoslavia_%281946-1992%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Flag_of_Yugoslavia_%281946-1992%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_Yugoslavia_%281946-1992%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="500" /></a> 1,279 soldiers killed<a href="#cite_note-Meštrović77-31">[23]</a> <hr /> <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/State_Flag_of_Serbian_Krajina_%281991%29.svg/23px-State_Flag_of_Serbian_Krajina_%281991%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/State_Flag_of_Serbian_Krajina_%281991%29.svg/35px-State_Flag_of_Serbian_Krajina_%281991%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/State_Flag_of_Serbian_Krajina_%281991%29.svg/46px-State_Flag_of_Serbian_Krajina_%281991%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /><a href="/wiki/Socialist_Federal_Republic_of_Yugoslavia" title="Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia"><img alt="Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Flag_of_Yugoslavia_%281946-1992%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Yugoslavia_%281946-1992%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Flag_of_Yugoslavia_%281946-1992%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Yugoslavia_%281946-1992%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Flag_of_Yugoslavia_%281946-1992%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_Yugoslavia_%281946-1992%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="500" /></a> 7,204 dead or missing (3,486 soldiers, 2,677 civilians and 864 unidentified)<a href="#cite_note-Enis_Zebic-28">[20]</a> <hr /> <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/State_Flag_of_Serbian_Krajina_%281991%29.svg/23px-State_Flag_of_Serbian_Krajina_%281991%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/State_Flag_of_Serbian_Krajina_%281991%29.svg/35px-State_Flag_of_Serbian_Krajina_%281991%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/State_Flag_of_Serbian_Krajina_%281991%29.svg/46px-State_Flag_of_Serbian_Krajina_%281991%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /><a href="/wiki/Socialist_Federal_Republic_of_Yugoslavia" title="Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia"><img alt="Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Flag_of_Yugoslavia_%281946-1992%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Yugoslavia_%281946-1992%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Flag_of_Yugoslavia_%281946-1992%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Yugoslavia_%281946-1992%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Flag_of_Yugoslavia_%281946-1992%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_Yugoslavia_%281946-1992%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="500" /></a> 7,204–8,413 dead or missing in total <hr /> 300,000 displaced<a href="#cite_note-Zanotti111-32">[24]</a></td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · 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id="Croatian_War_of_Independence" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Croatian War of Independence</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">1991 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pakrac_clash" title="Pakrac clash">Pakrac</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plitvice_Lakes_incident" title="Plitvice Lakes incident">Plitvice Lakes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Borovo_Selo" title="Battle of Borovo Selo">Borovo Selo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1991_riot_in_Zadar" title="1991 riot in Zadar">Zadar riot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1991_protest_in_Split" title="1991 protest in Split">Split protest</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sisak_killings" title="Sisak killings">Sisak</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Defense_of_Topusko_in_1991&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Defense of Topusko in 1991 (page does not exist)">Topusko</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Stinger" title="Operation Stinger">Stinger</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Battles_of_Glina_(1991)" title="Battles of Glina (1991)">Glina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Hrvatska_Kostajnica" title="Battle of Hrvatska Kostajnica">Hrvatska Kostajnica</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Kijevo" title="Siege of Kijevo">Kijevo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Labrador" title="Operation Labrador">Labrador</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Banija_villages_killings" title="Banija villages killings">Banija villages</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Vukovar" title="Battle of Vukovar">Vukovar</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Vukovar_massacre" title="Vukovar massacre">Massacre</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Br%C4%91ani_%2791" title="Operation Brđani '91">Brđani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Osijek" title="Battle of Osijek">Osijek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Gospi%C4%87" title="Battle of Gospić">Gospić</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gospi%C4%87_massacre" title="Gospić massacre">Massacre</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Petrinja_Fighting" title="Petrinja Fighting">Petrinja</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Kusonje" title="Battle of Kusonje">Kusonje</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Korana_bridge_killings" title="Korana bridge killings">Korana bridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_the_Barracks" title="Battle of the Barracks">The Barracks</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Vara%C5%BEdin_Barracks" title="Siege of Varaždin Barracks">Varaždin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Bjelovar_Barracks" title="Siege of Bjelovar Barracks">Bjelovar</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Zadar" title="Battle of Zadar">Zadar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_%C5%A0ibenik" title="Battle of Šibenik">Šibenik</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1991_Yugoslav_campaign_in_Croatia" title="1991 Yugoslav campaign in Croatia">JNA campaign</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Dubrovnik" title="Siege of Dubrovnik">Dubrovnik</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Capture_of_Ceri%C4%87" title="Capture of Cerić">Cerić</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bombing_of_the_Banski_Dvori" title="Bombing of the Banski Dvori">Banski Dvori</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Slunj" title="Siege of Slunj">Slunj</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C5%A0iroka_Kula_massacre" title="Široka Kula massacre">Široka Kula</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lovas_massacre" class="mw-redirect" title="Lovas massacre">Lovas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clashes_in_Bogdanovci" title="Clashes in Bogdanovci">Bogdanovci</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Ernestinovo" title="Battle of Ernestinovo">Ernestinovo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ba%C4%87in_massacre" title="Baćin massacre">Baćin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bombing_of_Barcs" title="Bombing of Barcs">Barcs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saborsko_massacre" title="Saborsko massacre">Saborsko</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Libertas_convoy" title="Libertas convoy">Libertas convoy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Po%C5%BEega_villages_killings" class="mw-redirect" title="Požega villages killings">Požega</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Swath-10" title="Operation Swath-10">Swath 10</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erdut_massacre" class="mw-redirect" title="Erdut massacre">Erdut</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_the_Dalmatian_Channels" title="Battle of the Dalmatian Channels">Dalmatian channels</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kostri%C4%87i_massacre" title="Kostrići massacre"> Kostrići</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_%C5%A0kabrnja_(1991)" title="Battle of Škabrnja (1991)">Škabrnja</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%C5%A0kabrnja_massacre" title="Škabrnja massacre">Massacre</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_for_Antunovac" title="Battle for Antunovac">Antunovac</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vance_plan" title="Vance plan">Vance plan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Whirlwind" title="Operation Whirlwind">Whirlwind</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paulin_Dvor_massacre" title="Paulin Dvor massacre">Paulin Dvor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gornje_Jame_massacre" title="Gornje Jame massacre">Gornje Jame</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Orkan_91" class="mw-redirect" title="Operation Orkan 91">Orkan 91</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vo%C4%87in_massacre" title="Voćin massacre">Voćin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jo%C5%A1evica_massacre" title="Joševica massacre">Joševica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Devil%27s_Beam" class="mw-redirect" title="Operation Devil's Beam">Devil's Beam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bru%C5%A1ka_massacre" title="Bruška massacre">Bruška</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vrsar_airport_bombing" title="Vrsar airport bombing">Vrsar airport</a></li></ul> 1992 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sarajevo_Agreement" class="mw-redirect" title="Sarajevo Agreement">Sarajevo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1992_European_Community_Monitor_Mission_helicopter_downing" title="1992 European Community Monitor Mission helicopter downing">ECMM helicopter downing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Baranja" title="Operation Baranja">Baranja</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Jackal" title="Operation Jackal">Jackal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_the_Miljevci_Plateau" title="Battle of the Miljevci Plateau">Miljevci Plateau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Tiger_(1992)" title="Operation Tiger (1992)">Tiger</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Liberated_Land" class="mw-redirect" title="Operation Liberated Land">Liberated Land</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Konavle" class="mw-redirect" title="Battle of Konavle">Konavle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Vla%C5%A1tica" class="mw-redirect" title="Operation Vlaštica">Vlaštica</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Berbir" title="Operation Berbir">Berbir</a></li></ul> 1993 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Maslenica" title="Operation Maslenica">Maslenica</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Operation_Chameleon_%2793&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Operation Chameleon '93 (page does not exist)">Chameleon '93</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Medak_Pocket" title="Operation Medak Pocket">Medak Pocket</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Rain" title="Operation Rain">Rain</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Angela" title="Operation Angela">Angela</a></li></ul> 1994 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Winter_%2794" title="Operation Winter '94">Winter '94</a></li></ul> 1995 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Leap_1" class="mw-redirect" title="Operation Leap 1">Leap 1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Flash" title="Operation Flash">Flash</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Medari_massacre" title="Medari massacre">Medari</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zagreb_rocket_attacks" title="Zagreb rocket attacks">Zagreb</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Leap_2" class="mw-redirect" title="Operation Leap 2">Leap 2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Summer_%2795" title="Operation Summer '95">Summer '95</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Storm" title="Operation Storm">Storm</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Komi%C4%87_killings" title="Komić killings">Komić</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kijani_killings" title="Kijani killings">Kijani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Golubi%C4%87_killings" title="Golubić killings">Golubić</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uzdolje_killings" title="Uzdolje killings">Uzdolje</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/August_1995_Bosanski_Petrovac_refugee_column_bombing" title="August 1995 Bosanski Petrovac refugee column bombing">Bosanski Petrovac bombing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dvor_massacre" title="Dvor massacre">Dvor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grubori_massacre" title="Grubori massacre">Grubori</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Go%C5%A1i%C4%87_killings" title="Gošić killings">Gošić</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Mistral_2" title="Operation Mistral 2">Maestral 2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Una" title="Operation Una">Una</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Varivode_massacre" title="Varivode massacre">Varivode</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Vukovar_%2795" title="Operation Vukovar '95">Vukovar '95</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;"><div> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_Croatian_War_of_Independence" title="Timeline of the Croatian War of Independence">Timeline of all major events</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Log_Revolution" title="Log Revolution">Log Revolution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Persecution_of_Croats_in_Serbia_during_the_war_in_Croatia" class="mw-redirect" title="Persecution of Croats in Serbia during the war in Croatia">Events in Serbia</a></li> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> The Croatian War of Independence was an <a href="/wiki/Armed_conflict" class="mw-redirect" title="Armed conflict">armed conflict</a> fought from 1991 to 1995 between <a href="/wiki/Croats" title="Croats">Croat</a> forces loyal to the <a href="/wiki/Government_of_Croatia" title="Government of Croatia">Government of Croatia</a> — which had declared <a href="/wiki/Independence_of_Croatia" title="Independence of Croatia">independence</a> from the <a href="/wiki/Socialist_Federal_Republic_of_Yugoslavia" title="Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia">Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia</a> (SFRY) — and the <a href="/wiki/Serbs" title="Serbs">Serb</a>-controlled <a href="/wiki/Yugoslav_People%27s_Army" title="Yugoslav People's Army">Yugoslav People's Army</a> (JNA) and <a href="/wiki/Serbs_of_Croatia" title="Serbs of Croatia">local Serb</a> forces, with the JNA ending its combat operations in <a href="/wiki/Croatia" title="Croatia">Croatia</a> by 1992.<a href="#cite_note-36">[I]</a> A majority of Croats supported Croatia's independence from Yugoslavia, while many <a href="/wiki/Ethnic_Serbs" class="mw-redirect" title="Ethnic Serbs">ethnic Serbs</a> living in Croatia, supported by <a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Serbia_(1992%E2%80%932006)" title="Republic of Serbia (1992–2006)">Serbia</a>,<a href="#cite_note-37">[28]</a><a href="#cite_note-Annex_IV-38">[29]</a> opposed the secession and advocated Serb-claimed lands to be in a common state with Serbia. Most Serbs sought a new Serb state within a Yugoslav federation, including areas of Croatia and Bosnia and Herzegovina with ethnic Serb majorities or significant minorities,<a href="#cite_note-39">[30]</a><a href="#cite_note-NYTimes-Borders-Redraw-40">[31]</a> and attempted to conquer as much of Croatia as possible.<a href="#cite_note-NYTimes-Iceland-41">[32]</a><a href="#cite_note-NYTimes-Presidency-RumpYugPlan-42">[33]</a><a href="#cite_note-43">[34]</a> Croatia declared independence on 25 June 1991, but agreed to postpone it with the <a href="/wiki/Brioni_Agreement" title="Brioni Agreement">Brioni Agreement</a> and cut all remaining ties with Yugoslavia on 8 October 1991. The JNA initially tried to keep Croatia within Yugoslavia by occupying all of Croatia.<a href="#cite_note-Kadijević134-135-44">[35]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBjelajac_et_al.2009241-45">[36]</a> After this failed, Serb forces established the self-proclaimed <a href="/wiki/Proto-state" class="mw-redirect" title="Proto-state">proto-state</a> <a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Serbian_Krajina" title="Republic of Serbian Krajina">Republic of Serbian Krajina</a> (RSK) within Croatia which began with the <a href="/wiki/Log_Revolution" title="Log Revolution">Log Revolution</a>. After the <a href="/wiki/Sarajevo_Agreement" class="mw-redirect" title="Sarajevo Agreement">ceasefire of January 1992</a> and international recognition of the Republic of Croatia as a sovereign state,<a href="#cite_note-NYTimes-Germany-23Dec91-46">[37]</a><a href="#cite_note-NYT-UN-membership-47">[38]</a> the front lines were entrenched, the <a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Protection_Force" title="United Nations Protection Force">United Nations Protection Force</a> (UNPROFOR) was deployed,<a href="#cite_note-UN_SRES7431992-48">[39]</a> and combat became largely intermittent in the following three years. During that time, the RSK encompassed 13,913 square kilometers (5,372 sq mi), more than a quarter of Croatia.<a href="#cite_note-Profil-RSK-Dokumenti-49">[40]</a> In 1995, Croatia launched two major offensives known as <a href="/wiki/Operation_Flash" title="Operation Flash">Operation Flash</a> and <a href="/wiki/Operation_Storm" title="Operation Storm">Operation Storm</a>;<a href="#cite_note-LATimes-Storm-Complete-17">[12]</a><a href="#cite_note-NYTimes-Flash-May2-50">[41]</a> these offensives effectively ended the war in its favor. The remaining <a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Transitional_Authority_for_Eastern_Slavonia,_Baranja_and_Western_Sirmium" class="mw-redirect" title="United Nations Transitional Authority for Eastern Slavonia, Baranja and Western Sirmium">United Nations Transitional Authority for Eastern Slavonia, Baranja and Western Sirmium</a> (UNTAES) zone was peacefully reintegrated into Croatia by 1998.<a href="#cite_note-NYTimes-ErdutAgr-12Nov95-18">[13]</a><a href="#cite_note-NYTimes-UNTAES-16Jan98-24">[17]</a> The war ended with Croatian victory, as it achieved the goals it had declared at the beginning of the war: independence and preservation of its borders.<a href="#cite_note-LATimes-Storm-Complete-17">[12]</a><a href="#cite_note-NYTimes-ErdutAgr-12Nov95-18">[13]</a> Approximately 21–25% of Croatia's economy was ruined, with an estimated US$37 billion in damaged infrastructure, lost <a href="/wiki/Output_(economics)" title="Output (economics)">output</a>, and refugee-related costs.<a href="#cite_note-Europe-Review-2003-51">[42]</a> Over 20,000 people were killed in the war,<a href="#cite_note-autogenerated3-52">[43]</a> and refugees were displaced on both sides. The Serbian and Croatian governments began to progressively cooperate with each other, but tensions remain, in part due to verdicts by the <a href="/wiki/International_Criminal_Tribunal_for_the_former_Yugoslavia" title="International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia">International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia</a> (ICTY) and <a href="/wiki/Croatia%E2%80%93Serbia_genocide_case" title="Croatia–Serbia genocide case">lawsuits filed by each country against the other</a>.<a href="#cite_note-UNHCR-Croatia-Serbia-Refugees2010-53">[44]</a><a href="#cite_note-BBC-Josipović-Belgrade-2010-54">[45]</a> In 2007, the <a href="/wiki/International_Criminal_Tribunal_for_the_former_Yugoslavia" title="International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia">International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia</a> (ICTY) returned a guilty verdict against <a href="/wiki/Milan_Marti%C4%87" title="Milan Martić">Milan Martić</a>, one of the Serb leaders in Croatia, for having colluded with <a href="/wiki/Slobodan_Milo%C5%A1evi%C4%87" title="Slobodan Milošević">Slobodan Milošević</a> and others to create a "unified Serbian state".<a href="#cite_note-icty_martic-55">[46]</a> Between 2008 and 2012, the ICTY had prosecuted Croatian generals <a href="/wiki/Ante_Gotovina" title="Ante Gotovina">Ante Gotovina</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mladen_Marka%C4%8D" title="Mladen Markač">Mladen Markač</a> and <a href="/wiki/Ivan_%C4%8Cermak" title="Ivan Čermak">Ivan Čermak</a> for alleged involvement in the crimes related to <a href="/wiki/Operation_Storm" title="Operation Storm">Operation Storm</a>. Čermak was acquitted outright, and the convictions of Gotovina and Markač were later overturned by an ICTY Appeals Panel.<a href="#cite_note-gotovina_judgement-56">[47]</a><a href="#cite_note-BBC-2012-11-16-57">[48]</a> The <a href="/wiki/International_Court_of_Justice" title="International Court of Justice">International Court of Justice</a> dismissed <a href="/wiki/Croatia%E2%80%93Serbia_genocide_case" title="Croatia–Serbia genocide case">mutual claims of genocide by Croatia and Serbia</a> in 2015. The Court reaffirmed that, to an extent, crimes against civilians had taken place, but it ruled that specific <a href="/wiki/Genocidal_intent" title="Genocidal intent">genocidal intent</a> was not present.<a href="#cite_note-58">[49]</a> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Background">Background</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Croatian_War_of_Independence&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Background">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Breakup_of_Yugoslavia" title="Breakup of Yugoslavia">Breakup of Yugoslavia</a> and <a href="/wiki/Independence_of_Croatia" title="Independence of Croatia">Independence of Croatia</a></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Political_changes_in_Yugoslavia">Political changes in Yugoslavia</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Croatian_War_of_Independence&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Political changes in Yugoslavia">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Stevan_Kragujevic,_Slobodan_Milosevic,_portret.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Stevan_Kragujevic%2C_Slobodan_Milosevic%2C_portret.jpg/220px-Stevan_Kragujevic%2C_Slobodan_Milosevic%2C_portret.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="304" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Stevan_Kragujevic%2C_Slobodan_Milosevic%2C_portret.jpg/330px-Stevan_Kragujevic%2C_Slobodan_Milosevic%2C_portret.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Stevan_Kragujevic%2C_Slobodan_Milosevic%2C_portret.jpg/440px-Stevan_Kragujevic%2C_Slobodan_Milosevic%2C_portret.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2503" data-file-height="3456" /></a><figcaption>Serbian President <a href="/wiki/Slobodan_Milo%C5%A1evi%C4%87" title="Slobodan Milošević">Slobodan Milošević</a> advodated the incorporation of Serb-claimed lands in Croatia within a common state with Serbia.</figcaption></figure> In the 1970s, Yugoslavia's <a href="/wiki/Socialist_state" title="Socialist state">socialist regime</a> became severely splintered into a liberal-decentralist nationalist faction led by Croatia and Slovenia that supported a decentralized federation to give greater autonomy to Croatia and Slovenia, versus a conservative-centralist nationalist faction led by Serbia that supported a centralized federation to secure Serbia's and the Serbs' interests across Yugoslavia—as they were the largest ethnic group in the country as a whole.<a href="#cite_note-59">[50]</a> From <a href="/wiki/Croatian_Spring" title="Croatian Spring">1967 to 1972 in Croatia</a> and <a href="/wiki/1968_protests_in_Kosovo" class="mw-redirect" title="1968 protests in Kosovo">1968</a> and <a href="/wiki/1981_protests_in_Kosovo" title="1981 protests in Kosovo">1981 protests in Kosovo</a>, nationalist doctrines and actions caused ethnic tensions that destabilized Yugoslavia.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEJović200919-60">[51]</a> The suppression by the state of nationalists is believed to have had the effect of identifying <a href="/wiki/Croat_nationalism" class="mw-redirect" title="Croat nationalism">Croat nationalism</a> as the primary alternative to <a href="/wiki/Communism" title="Communism">communism</a> itself and made it a strong underground movement.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEJović200921-61">[52]</a> A crisis emerged in Yugoslavia with the <a href="/wiki/Revolutions_of_1989" title="Revolutions of 1989">weakening</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Eastern_Bloc" title="Eastern Bloc">communist states in Eastern Europe</a> towards the end of the <a href="/wiki/Cold_War" title="Cold War">Cold War</a>, as symbolized by the <a href="/wiki/Fall_of_the_Berlin_Wall" title="Fall of the Berlin Wall">fall</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Berlin_Wall" title="Berlin Wall">Berlin Wall</a> in 1989. In Croatia, the regional branch of the <a href="/wiki/League_of_Communists_of_Yugoslavia" title="League of Communists of Yugoslavia">League of Communists of Yugoslavia</a>, the <a href="/wiki/League_of_Communists_of_Croatia" title="League of Communists of Croatia">League of Communists of Croatia</a>, had lost its ideological potency.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEPešić199612-62">[53]</a><a href="#cite_note-NYTimes-Kosovo-Repression-63">[54]</a> <a href="/wiki/Socialist_Republic_of_Slovenia" title="Socialist Republic of Slovenia">Slovenia</a> and <a href="/wiki/Socialist_Republic_of_Croatia" title="Socialist Republic of Croatia">Croatia</a> advocated <a href="/wiki/Decentralization" title="Decentralization">decentralization</a>.<a href="#cite_note-NYT-Croatia-Prosperity-1985-64">[55]</a> <a href="/wiki/SR_Serbia" class="mw-redirect" title="SR Serbia">SR Serbia</a>, headed by <a href="/wiki/Slobodan_Milo%C5%A1evi%C4%87" title="Slobodan Milošević">Slobodan Milošević</a>, adhered to centralism and single-party rule, and in turn effectively ended the autonomy of the autonomous provinces of Kosovo and <a href="/wiki/SAP_Vojvodina" class="mw-redirect" title="SAP Vojvodina">Vojvodina</a> by March 1989, taking command of their votes in the <a href="/wiki/Yugoslav_Presidency" class="mw-redirect" title="Yugoslav Presidency">Yugoslav federal presidency</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Annex_IV-38">[29]</a><a href="#cite_note-NYTimes-Kosovo-Repression-63">[54]</a><a href="#cite_note-RFERL-Vojvodina-Autonomy-65">[56]</a><a href="#cite_note-66">[57]</a> Nationalist ideas started to gain influence within the ranks of the still-ruling League of Communists, while Milošević's speeches, notably the 1989 <a href="/wiki/Gazimestan_speech" title="Gazimestan speech">Gazimestan speech</a> in which he talked of "battles and quarrels", favored continuation of a unified Yugoslav state — one in which all power would continue to be centralized in <a href="/wiki/Belgrade" title="Belgrade">Belgrade</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Annex_IV-38">[29]</a><a href="#cite_note-Brown116-67">[58]</a><a href="#cite_note-Guardian-Gazimestan-68">[59]</a> In the autumn of 1989, the Serbian government pressured the Croatian government to allow a series of Serb nationalist rallies in the country, and the Serbian media and various Serbian intellectuals had already begun to refer to the Croatian leadership as "<a href="/wiki/Usta%C5%A1e" title="Ustaše">Ustaše</a>", and began to make reference to <a href="/wiki/Genocide_of_Serbs_in_the_Independent_State_of_Croatia" title="Genocide of Serbs in the Independent State of Croatia">genocide and other crimes committed by the Ustaše</a> between 1941 and 1945. The Serbian political leadership approved of the rhetoric and accused the Croatian leadership of being "blindly nationalistic" when it objected.<a href="#cite_note-69">[60]</a> Having completed the <a href="/wiki/Anti-bureaucratic_revolution" title="Anti-bureaucratic revolution">anti-bureaucratic revolution</a> in <a href="/wiki/Vojvodina" title="Vojvodina">Vojvodina</a>, Kosovo, and Montenegro, Serbia secured four out of eight federal presidency votes in 1991,<a href="#cite_note-Brown116-67">[58]</a> which rendered the governing body ineffective as other republics objected and called for reform of the Federation.<a href="#cite_note-Frucht433-70">[61]</a> In 1989, political parties were allowed and a number of them had been founded, including the <a href="/wiki/Croatian_Democratic_Union" title="Croatian Democratic Union">Croatian Democratic Union</a> (<a href="/wiki/Croatian_language" title="Croatian language">Croatian</a>: Hrvatska demokratska zajednica) (HDZ), led by <a href="/wiki/Franjo_Tu%C4%91man" title="Franjo Tuđman">Franjo Tuđman</a>, who later became the first <a href="/wiki/President_of_Croatia" title="President of Croatia">president of Croatia</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Independent-Tuđman-Obituary-71">[62]</a> Tuđman ran on a nationalist platform<a href="#cite_note-72">[63]</a> with a program of "national reconciliation" between Croatian communists and former Ustašes (fascists) being a key component of his party's political program.<a href="#cite_note-73">[64]</a> Accordingly, he also integrated former Ustaše members into the party and state's apparatus.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEFisher200670-74">[65]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Franjo_Tudjman_1995.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Franjo_Tudjman_1995.jpg/180px-Franjo_Tudjman_1995.jpg" decoding="async" width="180" height="286" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Franjo_Tudjman_1995.jpg/270px-Franjo_Tudjman_1995.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Franjo_Tudjman_1995.jpg/360px-Franjo_Tudjman_1995.jpg 2x" data-file-width="773" data-file-height="1229" /></a><figcaption>Croatian President <a href="/wiki/Franjo_Tu%C4%91man" title="Franjo Tuđman">Franjo Tuđman</a> advocated Croatia to become independent from Yugoslavia.</figcaption></figure> In January 1990, the League of Communists broke up on ethnic lines, with the Croatian and Slovene factions demanding a looser federation at the 14th Extraordinary Congress. At the congress, Serbian delegates accused the Croatian and Slovene delegates of "supporting separatism, terrorism and genocide in Kosovo".<a href="#cite_note-75">[66]</a> The Croatian and Slovene delegations, including most of their ethnic Serb members, eventually left in protest, after Serbian delegates rejected every proposed amendment.<a href="#cite_note-Brown116-67">[58]</a><a href="#cite_note-LondonTimes-Račan-Obituary-76">[67]</a> January 1990 also marked the beginning of court cases being brought to Yugoslavia's Constitutional Court on the matter of secession.<a href="#cite_note-Igor_Primoratz_2006._p158-77">[68]</a> The first was the Slovenian Constitutional Amendments case after Slovenia claimed the right to unilateral secession pursuant to the right of self-determination.<a href="#cite_note-78">[69]</a> The Constitutional Court ruled that secession from the federation was only permitted if there was the unanimous agreement of Yugoslavia's republics and autonomous provinces.<a href="#cite_note-Igor_Primoratz_2006._p158-77">[68]</a> The Constitutional Court noted that 1974 Constitution's Section I of the Basic Principles of the Constitution identified that self-determination including secession "belonged to the peoples of Yugoslavia and their socialist republics".<a href="#cite_note-Igor_Primoratz_2006._p158-77">[68]</a> The matter of Kosovo secession was addressed in May 1991 with the court claiming that "only the peoples of Yugoslavia" had the right to secession, Albanians were considered a minority and not a people of Yugoslavia.<a href="#cite_note-Igor_Primoratz_2006._p158-77">[68]</a> The 1990 survey conducted among Yugoslav citizens showed that ethnic animosity existed on a small scale.<a href="#cite_note-Perunovic_2015-79">[70]</a> Compared to the results from 25 years before, Croatia was the republic with the highest increase in ethnic distance. Furthermore, there was significant increase of ethnic distance among Serbs and Montenegrins toward Croats and Slovenes and vice versa.<a href="#cite_note-Perunovic_2015-79">[70]</a> Of all respondents, 48% of Croats said that their affiliation with Yugoslavia is very important to them.<a href="#cite_note-Perunovic_2015-79">[70]</a> In February 1990, <a href="/wiki/Jovan_Ra%C5%A1kovi%C4%87" title="Jovan Rašković">Jovan Rašković</a> founded the <a href="/wiki/Serb_Democratic_Party_(Croatia)" title="Serb Democratic Party (Croatia)">Serb Democratic Party</a> (SDS) in <a href="/wiki/Knin" title="Knin">Knin</a>, whose program aimed to change the regional division of Croatia to be aligned with ethnic Serb interests.<a href="#cite_note-g214-80">[71]</a> Prominent members of the RSK government, including <a href="/wiki/Milan_Babi%C4%87" title="Milan Babić">Milan Babić</a> and <a href="/wiki/Milan_Marti%C4%87" title="Milan Martić">Milan Martić</a>, later testified that Belgrade directed a propaganda campaign portraying the Serbs in Croatia as being threatened with genocide by the Croat majority.<a href="#cite_note-81">[72]</a> On 4 March 1990, 50,000 Serbs rallied at <a href="/wiki/Petrova_Gora" title="Petrova Gora">Petrova Gora</a> and shouted negative remarks aimed at Tuđman,<a href="#cite_note-g214-80">[71]</a> chanted "This is Serbia",<a href="#cite_note-g214-80">[71]</a> and expressed support for Milošević.<a href="#cite_note-82">[73]</a><a href="#cite_note-83">[74]</a> The <a href="/wiki/1990_Croatian_parliamentary_election" title="1990 Croatian parliamentary election">first free elections in Croatia</a> and Slovenia were scheduled for a few months later.<a href="#cite_note-NYTimes-Elections1-HRV1990-84">[75]</a> The first round of elections in Croatia was held on 22 April, and the second round on 6 May.<a href="#cite_note-NYTimes-Elections2-HRV1990-85">[76]</a> The HDZ based its campaign on greater sovereignty (eventually outright independence) for Croatia, fueling a sentiment among Croats that "only the HDZ could protect Croatia from the aspirations of Milošević towards a Greater Serbia". It topped the poll in the elections (followed by <a href="/wiki/Ivica_Ra%C4%8Dan" title="Ivica Račan">Ivica Račan</a>'s reformed communists, <a href="/wiki/Social_Democratic_Party_of_Croatia" title="Social Democratic Party of Croatia">Social Democratic Party of Croatia</a>) and was set to form a new <a href="/wiki/Croatian_Government" class="mw-redirect" title="Croatian Government">Croatian Government</a>.<a href="#cite_note-NYTimes-Elections2-HRV1990-85">[76]</a> A tense atmosphere prevailed on May 13, 1990, when a <a href="/wiki/Dinamo_Zagreb-Red_Star_Belgrade_riot" class="mw-redirect" title="Dinamo Zagreb-Red Star Belgrade riot">football game was held at Zagreb</a> in <a href="/wiki/Maksimir_Stadium" class="mw-redirect" title="Maksimir Stadium">Maksimir Stadium</a> between <a href="/wiki/Zagreb" title="Zagreb">Zagreb</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Dinamo_Zagreb" class="mw-redirect" title="Dinamo Zagreb">Dinamo</a> team and Belgrade's <a href="/wiki/Red_Star_Belgrade" title="Red Star Belgrade">Red Star</a>. The game erupted into violence between the Croatian and Serbian fans and with the police.<a href="#cite_note-86">[77]</a> On 30 May 1990, the new <a href="/wiki/Croatian_Parliament" title="Croatian Parliament">Croatian Parliament</a> held its first session. President Tuđman announced his manifesto for a new Constitution (ratified at the end of the year) and a multitude of political, economic, and social changes, notably to what extent minority rights (mainly for Serbs) would be guaranteed. Local Serb politicians opposed the new constitution. In 1991, Croats represented 78.1% and Serbs 12.2% of the total population of Croatia,<a href="#cite_note-87">[78]</a> but the latter held a disproportionate number of official posts: 17.7% of appointed officials in Croatia, including police, were Serbs. An even greater proportion of those posts had been held by Serbs in Croatia earlier, which created a perception that the Serbs were guardians of the communist regime.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBjelajac_et_al.2009239-88">[79]</a> Serbian politician and sociologist <a href="/wiki/Vesna_Pe%C5%A1i%C4%87" title="Vesna Pešić">Vesna Pešić</a> states that this caused discontent among the Croats but that it never actually undermined their own dominance in SR Croatia.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEPešić199612-62">[53]</a> After the HDZ came to power, many Serbs employed in the public sector, especially the police, were fired and replaced by Croats.<a href="#cite_note-89">[80]</a> This, combined with Tuđman's remarks, i.e. "Thank God my wife is not a Jew or a Serb",<a href="#cite_note-90">[81]</a> were distorted by Milošević's media to spark fear that any form of an independent Croatia would be a new "<a href="/wiki/Ustashe" class="mw-redirect" title="Ustashe">Ustashe</a> state". In one instance, TV Belgrade showed Tuđman shaking hands with German Chancellor <a href="/wiki/Helmut_Kohl" title="Helmut Kohl">Helmut Kohl</a> (who would be the first government leader in the world to recognise independent Croatia and Slovenia) accusing the two of plotting "a Fourth Reich".<a href="#cite_note-91">[82]</a><a href="#cite_note-92">[83]</a> Aside from the firing of many Serbs from public sector positions, another concern among Serbs living in Croatia was the HDZ's public display of the <a href="/wiki/Croatian_checkerboard" title="Croatian checkerboard">šahovnica</a> (Croatian checkerboard) in the <a href="/wiki/Croatian_coat_of_arms" class="mw-redirect" title="Croatian coat of arms">Croatian coat of arms</a>, which was associated with the fascist Ustaše regime.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEFisher200657-93">[84]</a> This was a misconception as the checkerboard had a history going back to the fifteenth century and was not identical to the one that was used in the WW2-era <a href="/wiki/Independent_State_of_Croatia" title="Independent State of Croatia">Independent State of Croatia</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Ramet2010-94">[85]</a> However, Tuđman's xenophobic rhetoric and attitude towards Croatian Serbs as well as his support for former Ustaše leaders did little to ease Serb fears.<a href="#cite_note-Macdonald-95">[86]</a><a href="#cite_note-96">[87]</a><a href="#cite_note-97">[88]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Civil_unrest_and_demands_for_autonomy">Civil unrest and demands for autonomy</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Croatian_War_of_Independence&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Civil unrest and demands for autonomy">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Log_Revolution" title="Log Revolution">Log Revolution</a></div> Immediately after the <a href="/wiki/1990_Slovenian_parliamentary_election" title="1990 Slovenian parliamentary election">Slovenian parliamentary election</a> and the <a href="/wiki/1990_Croatian_parliamentary_election" title="1990 Croatian parliamentary election">Croatian parliamentary election</a> in April and May 1990, the JNA announced that the <a href="/wiki/Josip_Broz_Tito" title="Josip Broz Tito">Tito</a>-era doctrine of "general people's defense", in which each republic maintained a <a href="/wiki/Territorial_Defense_Forces_(Yugoslavia)" class="mw-redirect" title="Territorial Defense Forces (Yugoslavia)">Territorial defense force</a> (<a href="/wiki/Serbo-Croatian_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Serbo-Croatian language">Serbo-Croatian</a>: Teritorijalna obrana) (TO), would henceforth be replaced by a centrally directed system of defense. The republics would lose their role in defense matters, and their TOs would be disarmed and subordinated to JNA headquarters in Belgrade, but the new Slovenian government acted quickly to retain control over their TO.<a href="#cite_note-Slovenian-Army-TO1990-98">[89]</a> On 14 May 1990, the weapons of the TO of Croatia, in Croat-majority regions, were taken away by the JNA,<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKreš201054-99">[90]</a> preventing the possibility of Croatia having its own weapons as was done in Slovenia.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKreš20106-100">[91]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBjelajac_et_al.2009237,_240-101">[92]</a> <a href="/wiki/Borisav_Jovi%C4%87" title="Borisav Jović">Borisav Jović</a>, Serbia's representative in the Federal Presidency and a close ally of Slobodan Milošević, claimed that this action came at the behest of Serbia.<a href="#cite_note-102">[93]</a> According to Jović, on 27 June 1990 he and <a href="/wiki/Veljko_Kadijevi%C4%87" title="Veljko Kadijević">Veljko Kadijević</a>, the Yugoslav Defence Minister, met and agreed that they should, regarding Croatia and Slovenia, "expel them forcibly from Yugoslavia, by simply drawing borders and declaring that they have brought this upon themselves through their decisions". According to Jović, the next day he obtained the agreement of Milošević.<a href="#cite_note-103">[94]</a> However, Kadijević, of mixed Serb-Croat heritage and a <a href="/wiki/Yugoslav_Partisan" class="mw-redirect" title="Yugoslav Partisan">Yugoslav Partisan</a> in <a href="/wiki/World_War_II" title="World War II">World War II</a>, was loyal to Yugoslavia and not a Greater Serbia; Kadijević believed that if Slovenia left Yugoslavia the state would collapse and thus he discussed with Jović about possibly using the JNA to impose <a href="/wiki/Martial_law" title="Martial law">martial law</a> in Slovenia to prevent this potential collapse and was willing to wage war with the secessionist republics to prevent their secession.<a href="#cite_note-104">[95]</a> Kadijević considered the political crisis and ethnic conflict to have been caused by the actions of foreign governments, particularly Germany, which he accused of seeking to break up Yugoslavia to allow Germany to exercise a sphere of influence in the Balkans.<a href="#cite_note-Sabrina_P._Ramet_2005._P117-105">[96]</a> Kadijević regarded the Croatian government of Tuđman to be a fascist-inspired and that Serbs had the right to be protected from Croatian "armed formations".<a href="#cite_note-Sabrina_P._Ramet_2005._P117-105">[96]</a> After the election of Tuđman and the HDZ, a Serb Assembly was established in <a href="/wiki/Srb" title="Srb">Srb</a>, north of Knin, on 25 July 1990 as the political representation of the Serb people in Croatia. The Serb Assembly declared "sovereignty and autonomy of the Serb people in Croatia".<a href="#cite_note-icty_babic2-106">[97]</a> The new Croatian government implemented policies that were seen as openly nationalistic and anti-Serbian in nature, such as the removal of the <a href="/wiki/Serbian_Cyrillic_script" class="mw-redirect" title="Serbian Cyrillic script">Serbian Cyrillic script</a> from correspondence in public offices.<a href="#cite_note-107">[98]</a><a href="#cite_note-108">[99]</a> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1224211176">.mw-parser-output .quotebox{background-color:#F9F9F9;border:1px solid #aaa;box-sizing:border-box;padding:10px;font-size:88%;max-width:100%}.mw-parser-output .quotebox.floatleft{margin:.5em 1.4em .8em 0}.mw-parser-output .quotebox.floatright{margin:.5em 0 .8em 1.4em}.mw-parser-output .quotebox.centered{overflow:hidden;position:relative;margin:.5em auto .8em auto}.mw-parser-output .quotebox.floatleft span,.mw-parser-output .quotebox.floatright span{font-style:inherit}.mw-parser-output .quotebox>blockquote{margin:0;padding:0;border-left:0;font-family:inherit;font-size:inherit}.mw-parser-output .quotebox-title{text-align:center;font-size:110%;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .quotebox-quote>:first-child{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .quotebox-quote:last-child>:last-child{margin-bottom:0}.mw-parser-output .quotebox-quote.quoted:before{font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;font-weight:bold;font-size:large;color:gray;content:" “ ";vertical-align:-45%;line-height:0}.mw-parser-output .quotebox-quote.quoted:after{font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;font-weight:bold;font-size:large;color:gray;content:" ” ";line-height:0}.mw-parser-output .quotebox .left-aligned{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .quotebox .right-aligned{text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .quotebox .center-aligned{text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .quotebox .quote-title,.mw-parser-output .quotebox .quotebox-quote{display:block}.mw-parser-output .quotebox cite{display:block;font-style:normal}@media screen and (max-width:640px){.mw-parser-output .quotebox{width:100%!important;margin:0 0 .8em!important;float:none!important}}</style><div class="quotebox pullquote floatright" style="width:33%; ;"> <blockquote class="quotebox-quote left-aligned" style=""> Greater Serbian circles have no interest in protecting the Serbian people living in either Croatia or Bosnia or anywhere else. If that were the case, then we could look and see what it is in the <a href="/wiki/Constitution_of_Croatia" title="Constitution of Croatia">Croatian constitution</a>, see what is in the declaration on minorities, on the Serbs in Croatia and on minorities, because the Serbs are treated separately there. Let us see if the Serbs have less <a href="/wiki/Civil_rights" class="mw-redirect" title="Civil rights">rights</a> than the Croats in Croatia. That would be protecting the Serbs in Croatia. But that is not what is sought. Gentlemen, what they want is territory. </blockquote> <cite class="left-aligned" style="">— <a href="/wiki/Stjepan_Mesi%C4%87" title="Stjepan Mesić">Stjepan Mesić</a> on Belgrade's intentions in the war<a href="#cite_note-109">[100]</a></cite> </div> In August 1990, an unrecognized <a href="/wiki/Mono-ethnic" class="mw-redirect" title="Mono-ethnic">mono-ethnic</a> referendum was held in regions with a substantial Serb population which would later become known as the <a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Serbian_Krajina" title="Republic of Serbian Krajina">Republic of Serbian Krajina</a> (RSK) (bordering western <a href="/wiki/Bosnia_and_Herzegovina" title="Bosnia and Herzegovina">Bosnia and Herzegovina</a>) on the question of Serb "sovereignty and autonomy" in Croatia.<a href="#cite_note-NYTimes-Minority-AUG1990-110">[101]</a> This was an attempt to counter changes made to the constitution. The Croatian government sent police forces to police stations in Serb-populated areas to seize their weapons. Among other incidents, local Serbs from the southern hinterlands of Croatia, mostly around the city of <a href="/wiki/Knin" title="Knin">Knin</a>, blocked roads to tourist destinations in Dalmatia. This incident is known as the "<a href="/wiki/Log_Revolution" title="Log Revolution">Log Revolution</a>".<a href="#cite_note-NYTimes-Log-19AUG1990-111">[102]</a><a href="#cite_note-NYTimes-Log-20AUG1990-112">[103]</a> Years later, during Martić's trial, Babić claimed he was tricked by Martić into agreeing to the Log Revolution, and that it and the entire war in Croatia was Martić's responsibility, and had been orchestrated by Belgrade.<a href="#cite_note-113">[104]</a> The statement was corroborated by Martić in an interview published in 1991.<a href="#cite_note-NYTimes-MarticInterview-19AUG1991-114">[105]</a> Babić confirmed that by July 1991 Milošević had taken over control of the Yugoslav People's Army (JNA).<a href="#cite_note-Babic_transcript-115">[106]</a> The Croatian government responded to the blockade of roads by sending special police teams in helicopters to the scene, but were intercepted by <a href="/wiki/SFR_Yugoslav_Air_Force" class="mw-redirect" title="SFR Yugoslav Air Force">SFR Yugoslav Air Force</a> fighter jets and forced to turn back to <a href="/wiki/Zagreb" title="Zagreb">Zagreb</a>. The Serbs felled pine trees or used bulldozers to block roads to seal off towns like Knin and <a href="/wiki/Benkovac" title="Benkovac">Benkovac</a> near the <a href="/wiki/Adriatic_coast" class="mw-redirect" title="Adriatic coast">Adriatic coast</a>. On 18 August 1990, the Serbian newspaper <a href="/wiki/Ve%C4%8Dernje_novosti" title="Večernje novosti">Večernje novosti</a> claimed "almost two million Serbs were ready to go to Croatia to fight".<a href="#cite_note-NYTimes-Log-19AUG1990-111">[102]</a> On 21 December 1990, the <a href="/wiki/SAO_Krajina" title="SAO Krajina">SAO Krajina</a> was proclaimed by the municipalities of the regions of Northern <a href="/wiki/Dalmatia" title="Dalmatia">Dalmatia</a> and <a href="/wiki/Lika" title="Lika">Lika</a>, in south-western Croatia. Article 1 of the Statute of the SAO Krajina defined the SAO Krajina as "a form of territorial autonomy within the Republic of Croatia" in which the Constitution of the Republic of Croatia, state laws, and the Statute of the SAO Krajina were applied.<a href="#cite_note-icty_babic2-106">[97]</a><a href="#cite_note-116">[107]</a> On 22 December 1990, the Parliament of Croatia ratified the new constitution,<a href="#cite_note-NYTimes-Constitution-HRV1990-117">[108]</a> which was seen by Serbs as taking away rights that had been granted by the Socialist constitution.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEPešić199610&ndash;11-118">[109]</a> The constitution did define Croatia as "the national state of the Croatian nation and a state of members of other nations and minorities who are its citizens: Serbs ... who are guaranteed <a href="/wiki/Social_equality" title="Social equality">equality</a> with citizens of Croatian nationality ..."<a href="#cite_note-icty_babic2-106">[97]</a> Following Tuđman's election and the perceived threat from the new constitution,<a href="#cite_note-NYTimes-Constitution-HRV1990-117">[108]</a> Serb nationalists in the <a href="/wiki/Kninska_Krajina" title="Kninska Krajina">Kninska Krajina</a> region began taking armed action against Croatian government officials. Croatian government property throughout the region was increasingly controlled by local Serb municipalities or the newly established "Serbian National Council". This would later become the government of the breakaway <a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Serbian_Krajina" title="Republic of Serbian Krajina">Republic of Serbian Krajina</a> (RSK).<a href="#cite_note-icty_babic2-106">[97]</a> After it was discovered that <a href="/wiki/Martin_%C5%A0pegelj" title="Martin Špegelj">Martin Špegelj</a> had pursued a campaign to acquire arms through the black market in January 1991 an ultimatum was issued requesting disarming and disbanding of Croatian military forces considered illegal by the Yugoslav authorities.<a href="#cite_note-NYTimes-Disarming-TO1991-119">[110]</a><a href="#cite_note-NYTimes-Clarification-TO1991-120">[111]</a> Croatian authorities refused to comply, and the Yugoslav army withdrew the ultimatum six days after it was issued.<a href="#cite_note-121">[112]</a><a href="#cite_note-122">[113]</a> On 12 March 1991, the leadership of the Army met with the <a href="/wiki/Presidency_of_the_SFRY" class="mw-redirect" title="Presidency of the SFRY">Presidency of the SFRY</a> in an attempt to convince them to declare a <a href="/wiki/State_of_emergency" title="State of emergency">state of emergency</a> which would allow for the army to take control of the country. Yugoslav army chief <a href="/wiki/Veljko_Kadijevi%C4%87" title="Veljko Kadijević">Veljko Kadijević</a> declared that there was a conspiracy to destroy the country, saying: <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1244412712">.mw-parser-output .templatequote{overflow:hidden;margin:1em 0;padding:0 32px}.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{line-height:1.5em;text-align:left;margin-top:0}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{padding-left:1.6em}}</style><blockquote class="templatequote">An insidious plan has been drawn up to destroy Yugoslavia. Stage one is civil war. Stage two is foreign intervention. Then puppet regimes will be set up throughout Yugoslavia.<div class="templatequotecite">— <cite>Veljko Kadijević, 12 March 1991.<a href="#cite_note-Yugoslavia._British_Broadcasting_Corporation_1995-123">[114]</a></cite></div></blockquote> Jović claims that Kadijević and the Army in March 1991 supported a <a href="/wiki/Coup_d%27%C3%A9tat" title="Coup d'état">coup d'état</a> as a way out of the crisis but then changed their minds four days later.<a href="#cite_note-youtube.com-124">[115]</a> Kadijević's response to this was that "Jović is lying".<a href="#cite_note-youtube.com-124">[115]</a> Kadijević claims he was invited to a meeting in March 1991 in Jović's office, two days after <a href="/wiki/March_9,_1991_protest" class="mw-redirect" title="March 9, 1991 protest">huge protests organized by Vuk Drašković</a> on the streets of Belgrade, where Milošević, according to Kadijević, requested that the army take control of the country through a military coup.<a href="#cite_note-youtube.com-124">[115]</a> Kadijević's apparent response was to inform Milošević that he could not make such a decision by himself, and that he'd discuss the request with army leaders and later inform Jović's office about their decision.<a href="#cite_note-youtube.com-124">[115]</a> Kadijević then said that their decision was against the putsch and that he informed Jović's office in written form about it.<a href="#cite_note-youtube.com-124">[115]</a> Jović claims that such document doesn't exist.<a href="#cite_note-youtube.com-124">[115]</a> <a href="/wiki/Ante_Markovi%C4%87" title="Ante Marković">Ante Marković</a> has described that after the Presidency meeting failed to achieve the results the Army wanted that Kadijević met with him with the proposed coup d'état against the secessionist republics.<a href="#cite_note-Lenard_J._Cohen_2008._P323-125">[116]</a> During the meeting Marković responded to Kadijević by saying that the plan failed to arrest Milošević.<a href="#cite_note-Lenard_J._Cohen_2008._P323-125">[116]</a> Kadijević replied "He is only one fighting for Yugoslavia. Without him, we could not be proposing this." Marković rejected the plan and afterwards communication between Kadijević and Marković broke down.<a href="#cite_note-Lenard_J._Cohen_2008._P323-125">[116]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Military_forces">Military forces</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Croatian_War_of_Independence&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Military forces">edit</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Serb_and_Yugoslav_People's_Army_forces">Serb and Yugoslav People's Army forces</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Croatian_War_of_Independence&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Serb and Yugoslav People's Army forces">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Yugoslav_People%27s_Army" title="Yugoslav People's Army">Yugoslav People's Army</a> and <a href="/wiki/Military_of_Serbian_Krajina" class="mw-redirect" title="Military of Serbian Krajina">Military of Serbian Krajina</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:JNA_offensive_plan_1991.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/JNA_offensive_plan_1991.jpg/260px-JNA_offensive_plan_1991.jpg" decoding="async" width="260" height="268" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/JNA_offensive_plan_1991.jpg/390px-JNA_offensive_plan_1991.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/JNA_offensive_plan_1991.jpg/520px-JNA_offensive_plan_1991.jpg 2x" data-file-width="651" data-file-height="671" /></a><figcaption>Map of the strategic offensive plan of the <a href="/wiki/Yugoslav_People%27s_Army" title="Yugoslav People's Army">Yugoslav People's Army</a> (JNA) in 1991 as interpreted by the US <a href="/wiki/Central_Intelligence_Agency" title="Central Intelligence Agency">Central Intelligence Agency</a></figcaption></figure> The JNA was initially formed during <a href="/wiki/World_War_II" title="World War II">World War II</a> to carry out <a href="/wiki/Guerrilla_warfare" title="Guerrilla warfare">guerrilla warfare</a> against occupying <a href="/wiki/Axis_powers" title="Axis powers">Axis forces</a>. The success of the <a href="/wiki/Partisans_(Yugoslavia)" class="mw-redirect" title="Partisans (Yugoslavia)">Partisan movement</a> led to the JNA basing much of its operational strategy on guerrilla warfare, as its plans normally entailed defending against <a href="/wiki/NATO" title="NATO">NATO</a> or <a href="/wiki/Warsaw_Pact" title="Warsaw Pact">Warsaw Pact</a> attacks, where other types of warfare would put the JNA in a comparatively poor position. That approach led to maintenance of a <a href="/wiki/Military_doctrine#Territorial_Defense_Forces" title="Military doctrine">Territorial Defense system</a>.<a href="#cite_note-126">[117]</a> On paper, the JNA seemed a powerful force, with 2,000 <a href="/wiki/Tank" title="Tank">tanks</a> and 300 <a href="/wiki/Jet_aircraft" title="Jet aircraft">jet aircraft</a> (mainly <a href="/wiki/Soviet_Union" title="Soviet Union">Soviet</a> or locally produced). However, by 1991, the majority of this equipment was 30 years old, as the force consisted primarily of <a href="/wiki/T-54/55" class="mw-redirect" title="T-54/55">T-54/55</a> tanks and <a href="/wiki/MiG-21" class="mw-redirect" title="MiG-21">MiG-21</a> aircraft.<a href="#cite_note-Western_European_Union107-127">[118]</a> Still, the JNA operated around 300 <a href="/wiki/M-84" title="M-84">M-84</a> tanks (a Yugoslav version of the Soviet <a href="/wiki/T-72" title="T-72">T-72</a>) and a sizable fleet of <a href="/wiki/Ground-attack_aircraft" class="mw-redirect" title="Ground-attack aircraft">ground-attack aircraft</a>, such as the <a href="/wiki/Soko_G-4_Super_Galeb" title="Soko G-4 Super Galeb">Soko G-4 Super Galeb</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Soko_J-22_Orao" title="Soko J-22 Orao">Soko J-22 Orao</a>, whose armament included <a href="/wiki/AGM-65_Maverick" title="AGM-65 Maverick">AGM-65 Maverick</a> guided missiles.<a href="#cite_note-Finlan20-21-128">[119]</a> By contrast, more modern cheap anti-tank missiles (like the <a href="/wiki/9M113_Konkurs" title="9M113 Konkurs">AT-5</a>) and anti-aircraft missiles (like the <a href="/wiki/SA-14" class="mw-redirect" title="SA-14">SA-14</a>) were abundant and were designed to destroy much more advanced weaponry. Before the war the JNA had 169,000 regular troops, including 70,000 professional <a href="/wiki/Officer_(armed_forces)" title="Officer (armed forces)">officers</a>. The fighting in <a href="/wiki/Ten-Day_War" title="Ten-Day War">Slovenia</a> brought about a great number of desertions, and the army responded by mobilizing Serbian reserve troops. Approximately 100,000 evaded the <a href="/wiki/Conscription" title="Conscription">draft</a>, and the new conscripts proved an ineffective fighting force. The JNA resorted to reliance on <a href="/wiki/Paramilitary" title="Paramilitary">irregular militias</a>.<a href="#cite_note-NYTimes-Troop-Shortages-129">[120]</a> Paramilitary units like the <a href="/wiki/White_Eagles_(paramilitary)" title="White Eagles (paramilitary)">White Eagles</a>, <a href="/wiki/Serbian_Guard_(paramilitary)" class="mw-redirect" title="Serbian Guard (paramilitary)">Serbian Guard</a>, Dušan Silni, and <a href="/wiki/Serb_Volunteer_Guard" title="Serb Volunteer Guard">Serb Volunteer Guard</a>, which committed a number of massacres against Croat and other non-Serbs civilians, were increasingly used by the Yugoslav and Serb forces.<a href="#cite_note-B92-Lovas-130">[121]</a><a href="#cite_note-un-131">[122]</a> There were also foreign fighters supporting the RSK, mostly from <a href="/wiki/Russia" title="Russia">Russia</a>.<a href="#cite_note-UN-Foreign-fighters-132">[123]</a> With the retreat of the JNA forces in 1992, JNA units were reorganized as the <a href="/wiki/Army_of_Serb_Krajina" class="mw-redirect" title="Army of Serb Krajina">Army of Serb Krajina</a>, which was a direct heir to the JNA organization, with little improvement.<a href="#cite_note-NYTimes-Jan3-Ceasefire-7">[6]</a><a href="#cite_note-hrw1-133">[124]</a> By 1991, the JNA officer corps was dominated by Serbs and <a href="/wiki/Montenegrins_(ethnic_group)" class="mw-redirect" title="Montenegrins (ethnic group)">Montenegrins</a>; they were overrepresented in Yugoslav federal institutions, especially the army. 57.1% of JNA officers were <a href="/wiki/Serbs" title="Serbs">Serbs</a>, while Serbs formed 36.3% of the population of Yugoslavia.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBjelajac_et_al.2009239-88">[79]</a> A similar structure was observed as early as 1981.<a href="#cite_note-Mann363-134">[125]</a> Even though the two peoples combined comprised 38.8% of the population of Yugoslavia, 70% of all JNA officers and <a href="/wiki/Non-commissioned_officer" title="Non-commissioned officer">non-commissioned officers</a> were either Serbs or Montenegrins.<a href="#cite_note-135">[126]</a> In July 1991, the JNA was instructed to "completely eliminate Croats and Slovenes from the army", most of whom had already begun to desert en masse.[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Please_clarify" title="Wikipedia:Please clarify">why?</a>]<a href="#cite_note-Jović-icty-statement-136">[127]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Croatian_forces">Croatian forces</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Croatian_War_of_Independence&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Croatian forces">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Croatian_National_Guard" title="Croatian National Guard">Croatian National Guard</a> and <a href="/wiki/Military_of_Croatia" class="mw-redirect" title="Military of Croatia">Military of Croatia</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Serb_T-55_Battle_of_the_Barracks.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/Serb_T-55_Battle_of_the_Barracks.JPG/220px-Serb_T-55_Battle_of_the_Barracks.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="139" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/Serb_T-55_Battle_of_the_Barracks.JPG/330px-Serb_T-55_Battle_of_the_Barracks.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/Serb_T-55_Battle_of_the_Barracks.JPG/440px-Serb_T-55_Battle_of_the_Barracks.JPG 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="380" /></a><figcaption>The Croatian military eased their equipment shortage by seizing the JNA barracks in the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_the_Barracks" title="Battle of the Barracks">Battle of the Barracks</a>.</figcaption></figure> The <a href="/wiki/Military_of_Croatia" class="mw-redirect" title="Military of Croatia">Croatian military</a> was in a much worse state than that of the Serbs. In the early stages of the war, lack of military units meant that the <a href="/wiki/Croatian_Police" class="mw-redirect" title="Croatian Police">Croatian Police</a> force would take the brunt of the fighting. The <a href="/wiki/Croatian_National_Guard" title="Croatian National Guard">Croatian National Guard</a> (<a href="/wiki/Croatian_language" title="Croatian language">Croatian</a>: Zbor narodne garde), the new Croatian military, was formed on 11 April 1991, and gradually developed into the <a href="/wiki/Croatian_Army" title="Croatian Army">Croatian Army</a> (<a href="/wiki/Croatian_language" title="Croatian language">Croatian</a>: Hrvatska vojska) by 1993. Weaponry was in short supply, and many units were either unarmed or were equipped with obsolete World War II-era rifles. The Croatian Army had only a handful of tanks, including World War II-surplus vehicles such as the <a href="/wiki/T-34" title="T-34">T-34</a>, and its Air Force was in an even worse state, consisting of only a few Antonov <a href="/wiki/An-2" class="mw-redirect" title="An-2">An-2</a> <a href="/wiki/Biplane" title="Biplane">biplane</a> <a href="/wiki/Agricultural_aircraft" title="Agricultural aircraft">crop-dusters</a> that had been converted to drop makeshift bombs.<a href="#cite_note-An2-Mader-137">[128]</a><a href="#cite_note-Frucht562-138">[129]</a> In August 1991, the Croatian Army had fewer than 20 <a href="/wiki/Brigade" title="Brigade">brigades</a>. After general <a href="/wiki/Mobilization" title="Mobilization">mobilization</a> was instituted in October, the size of the army grew to 60 brigades and 37 independent battalions by the end of the year.<a href="#cite_note-NigelThomas-YugoslavWars-139">[130]</a><a href="#cite_note-NYTimes-Mobilization-6Oct1991-140">[131]</a> In 1991 and 1992, Croatia was also supported by 456 foreign fighters, including British (139), French (69), and German (55).<a href="#cite_note-141">[132]</a> The <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_the_barracks" class="mw-redirect" title="Battle of the barracks">seizure of the JNA's barracks</a> between September and December helped to alleviate the Croatians' equipment shortage.<a href="#cite_note-NYTimes-Barracks-24Sep1991-142">[133]</a><a href="#cite_note-BostonGlobe-Barracks-Varaždin-143">[134]</a> By 1995, the balance of power had shifted significantly. Serb forces in Croatia and Bosnia and Herzegovina were capable of fielding an estimated 130,000 troops; the Croatian Army, <a href="/wiki/Croatian_Defence_Council" title="Croatian Defence Council">Croatian Defence Council</a> (<a href="/wiki/Croatian_language" title="Croatian language">Croatian</a>: Hrvatsko vijeće obrane) (HVO), and the <a href="/wiki/Army_of_the_Republic_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina" title="Army of the Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina">Army of the Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina</a> could field a combined force of 250,000 soldiers and 570 tanks.<a href="#cite_note-Ramet-3Yugoslavias-452-144">[135]</a><a href="#cite_note-NYTimes-Croatia-MilitProd-145">[136]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Course_of_the_war">Course of the war</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Croatian_War_of_Independence&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Course of the war">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">For a chronological guide, see <a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_Croatian_War_of_Independence" title="Timeline of the Croatian War of Independence">Timeline of the Croatian War of Independence</a>.</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="1991:_Open_hostilities_begin">1991: Open hostilities begin</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Croatian_War_of_Independence&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: 1991: Open hostilities begin">edit</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="First_armed_incidents">First armed incidents</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Croatian_War_of_Independence&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: First armed incidents">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Plitvice_Lakes_incident,_memorial,_of_the_first_killed_croatian_policemen.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Plitvice_Lakes_incident%2C_memorial%2C_of_the_first_killed_croatian_policemen.JPG/220px-Plitvice_Lakes_incident%2C_memorial%2C_of_the_first_killed_croatian_policemen.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Plitvice_Lakes_incident%2C_memorial%2C_of_the_first_killed_croatian_policemen.JPG/330px-Plitvice_Lakes_incident%2C_memorial%2C_of_the_first_killed_croatian_policemen.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Plitvice_Lakes_incident%2C_memorial%2C_of_the_first_killed_croatian_policemen.JPG/440px-Plitvice_Lakes_incident%2C_memorial%2C_of_the_first_killed_croatian_policemen.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2816" data-file-height="2112" /></a><figcaption>A monument to <a href="/wiki/Josip_Jovi%C4%87" title="Josip Jović">Josip Jović</a>, widely perceived in Croatia as the first Croatian victim of the war, who died during the <a href="/wiki/Plitvice_Lakes_incident" title="Plitvice Lakes incident">Plitvice Lakes incident</a></figcaption></figure> <a href="/wiki/Ethnic_hatred" title="Ethnic hatred">Ethnic hatred</a> grew as various incidents fueled the <a href="/wiki/Role_of_the_media_in_the_Yugoslav_wars" class="mw-redirect" title="Role of the media in the Yugoslav wars">propaganda</a> machines on both sides. During his testimony before the ICTY, one of the top Krajina leaders, Milan Martić, stated that the Serb side started using force first.<a href="#cite_note-146">[137]</a> The conflict escalated into armed incidents in the majority-Serb populated areas. The Serbs <a href="/wiki/Pakrac_clash" title="Pakrac clash">attacked Croatian police units</a> in Pakrac in early March,<a href="#cite_note-NYTimes-Pakrac-3Mar1991-15">[10]</a><a href="#cite_note-147">[138]</a> while one <a href="/wiki/Josip_Jovi%C4%87" title="Josip Jović">Josip Jović</a> is widely reported as the first police officer killed by Serb forces as part of the war, during the <a href="/wiki/Plitvice_Lakes_incident" title="Plitvice Lakes incident">Plitvice Lakes incident</a> in late March 1991.<a href="#cite_note-NYTimes-Plitvice-31Mar1991-16">[11]</a><a href="#cite_note-148">[139]</a> In March and April 1991, Serbs in Croatia began to make moves to secede from that territory. It is a matter of debate to what extent this move was locally motivated and to what degree the Milošević-led Serbian government was involved. In any event, the <a href="/wiki/SAO_Krajina" title="SAO Krajina">SAO Krajina</a> was declared, which consisted of any Croatian territory with a substantial Serb population. The Croatian government viewed this move as a rebellion.<a href="#cite_note-icty_babic2-106">[97]</a><a href="#cite_note-149">[140]</a><a href="#cite_note-150">[141]</a> From the beginning of the Log Revolution and the end of April 1991, nearly 200 incidents involving the use of explosive devices and 89 attacks on the Croatian police were recorded.<a href="#cite_note-Annex_IV-38">[29]</a> The <a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_the_Interior_(Croatia)" title="Ministry of the Interior (Croatia)">Croatian Ministry of the Interior</a> started arming an <a href="/wiki/Croatian_special_police_order_of_battle_in_1991%E2%80%9395" class="mw-redirect" title="Croatian special police order of battle in 1991–95">increasing number of special police</a> forces, and this led to the building of a real army. On 9 April 1991, Croatian President Tuđman ordered the special police forces to be renamed Zbor Narodne Garde ("National Guard"); this marks the creation of a separate military of Croatia.<a href="#cite_note-151">[142]</a> Significant clashes from this period included the <a href="/wiki/1991_siege_of_Kijevo" class="mw-redirect" title="1991 siege of Kijevo">siege of Kijevo</a>, where over a thousand people were besieged in the inner Dalmatian village of Kijevo, and the <a href="/wiki/Borovo_Selo_killings" class="mw-redirect" title="Borovo Selo killings">Borovo Selo killings</a>, where Croatian policemen engaged Serb paramilitaries in the eastern Slavonian village of Borovo and suffered twelve casualties.<a href="#cite_note-NYT-1991-05-05-152">[143]</a> Violence gripped eastern Slavonian villages: in <a href="/wiki/Tovarnik" title="Tovarnik">Tovarnik</a>, a Croat policeman was killed by Serb paramilitaries on 2 May, while in <a href="/wiki/Sotin" title="Sotin">Sotin</a>, a Serb civilian was killed on 5 May when he was caught in a crossfire between Serb and Croat paramilitaries.<a href="#cite_note-NYT-1991-05-05-152">[143]</a> On 6 May, the <a href="/wiki/1991_protest_in_Split" title="1991 protest in Split">1991 protest in Split</a> against the siege of Kijevo at the Navy Command in Split resulted in the death of a Yugoslav People's Army soldier. On 15 May, <a href="/wiki/Stjepan_Mesi%C4%87" title="Stjepan Mesić">Stjepan Mesić</a>, a Croat, was scheduled to be the chairman of the rotating presidency of Yugoslavia. Serbia, aided by Kosovo, Montenegro, and Vojvodina, whose presidency votes were at that time under Serbian control, blocked the appointment, which was otherwise seen as largely ceremonial. This maneuver technically left Yugoslavia without a <a href="/wiki/Head_of_state" title="Head of state">head of state</a> and without a <a href="/wiki/Commander-in-chief" title="Commander-in-chief">commander-in-chief</a>.<a href="#cite_note-153">[144]</a> Two days later, a repeated attempt to vote on the issue failed. <a href="/wiki/Ante_Markovi%C4%87" title="Ante Marković">Ante Marković</a>, prime minister of Yugoslavia at the time, proposed appointing a panel which would wield presidential powers.<a href="#cite_note-154">[145]</a> It was not immediately clear who the panel members would be, apart from defense minister <a href="/wiki/Veljko_Kadijevi%C4%87" title="Veljko Kadijević">Veljko Kadijević</a>, nor who would fill position of JNA commander-in-chief. The move was quickly rejected by Croatia as unconstitutional.<a href="#cite_note-155">[146]</a> The crisis was resolved after a six-week stalemate, and Mesić was elected president — the first non-communist to become Yugoslav head of state in decades.<a href="#cite_note-156">[147]</a> Throughout this period, the federal army, the JNA, and the local <a href="/wiki/Territorial_Defense_Forces_(Yugoslavia)" class="mw-redirect" title="Territorial Defense Forces (Yugoslavia)">Territorial Defense Forces</a> continued to be led by federal authorities controlled by Milošević. <a href="/wiki/Helsinki_Watch" title="Helsinki Watch">Helsinki Watch</a> reported that Serb Krajina authorities executed Serbs who were willing to reach an accommodation with Croat officials.<a href="#cite_note-Annex_IV-38">[29]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Declaration_of_independence">Declaration of independence</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Croatian_War_of_Independence&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Declaration of independence">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/1991_Croatian_independence_referendum" title="1991 Croatian independence referendum">1991 Croatian independence referendum</a> and <a href="/wiki/Ten-Day_War" title="Ten-Day War">Ten-Day War</a></div> On 19 May 1991, the Croatian authorities held a <a href="/wiki/1991_Croatian_independence_referendum" title="1991 Croatian independence referendum">referendum on independence</a> with the option of remaining in Yugoslavia as a looser union.<a href="#cite_note-LATimes-ECstlye-YU-157">[148]</a> Serb local authorities issued calls for a <a href="/wiki/Boycott" title="Boycott">boycott</a>, which were largely followed by Croatian Serbs. The referendum passed with 94% in favor.<a href="#cite_note-158">[149]</a> The newly constituted Croatian military units held a military parade and review at <a href="/wiki/Stadion_Kranj%C4%8Devi%C4%87eva" title="Stadion Kranjčevićeva">Stadion Kranjčevićeva</a> in Zagreb on 28 May 1991.<a href="#cite_note-159">[150]</a> The parliament of Croatia declared Croatia's independence and dissolved its association with Yugoslavia on 25 June 1991.<a href="#cite_note-NYTimes-Declaration-26June1991-2">[2]</a><a href="#cite_note-BrownKarim117-160">[151]</a> The Croatian parliament's decision was partially boycotted by left-wing parliament deputies.<a href="#cite_note-161">[152]</a> The <a href="/wiki/European_Community" class="mw-redirect" title="European Community">European Community</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Conference_on_Security_and_Cooperation_in_Europe" class="mw-redirect" title="Conference on Security and Cooperation in Europe">Conference on Security and Cooperation in Europe</a> urged Croatian authorities to place a three-month <a href="/wiki/Moratorium_(law)" title="Moratorium (law)">moratorium</a> on the decision.<a href="#cite_note-162">[153]</a> The government of Yugoslavia responded to the declarations of independence of Croatia and Slovenia with Yugoslav Prime Minister <a href="/wiki/Ante_Markovi%C4%87" title="Ante Marković">Ante Marković</a> declaring the secessions to be illegal and contrary to the Constitution of Yugoslavia, and supported the JNA taking action to secure the integral unity of Yugoslavia.<a href="#cite_note-163">[154]</a> In June and July 1991, the <a href="/wiki/Ten-Day_War" title="Ten-Day War">short armed conflict in Slovenia</a> came to a speedy end, partly because of the ethnic homogeneity of the population of Slovenia.<a href="#cite_note-BrownKarim117-160">[151]</a> It was later revealed that a military strike against Slovenia, followed by a planned withdrawal, was conceived by Slobodan Milošević and <a href="/wiki/Borisav_Jovi%C4%87" title="Borisav Jović">Borisav Jović</a>, then president of the SFR Yugoslavia presidency. Jović published his diary containing the information and repeated it in his testimony at the Milošević trial at the ICTY.<a href="#cite_note-Jović-icty-statement-136">[127]</a> Croatia agreed to the <a href="/wiki/Brioni_Agreement" title="Brioni Agreement">Brioni Agreement</a> that involved freezing its independence declaration for three months, which eased tensions a little.<a href="#cite_note-NYTimes-Suspension-29June1991-3">[3]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Escalation_of_the_conflict">Escalation of the conflict</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Croatian_War_of_Independence&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Escalation of the conflict">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information: <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Vukovar" title="Battle of Vukovar">Battle of Vukovar</a>, <a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Dubrovnik" title="Siege of Dubrovnik">Siege of Dubrovnik</a>, <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Osijek" title="Battle of Osijek">Battle of Osijek</a>, <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_the_Barracks" title="Battle of the Barracks">Battle of the Barracks</a>, <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Gospi%C4%87" title="Battle of Gospić">Battle of Gospić</a>, <a href="/wiki/Operation_Hurricane-91" title="Operation Hurricane-91">Operation Hurricane-91</a>, <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_the_Dalmatian_channels" class="mw-redirect" title="Battle of the Dalmatian channels">Battle of the Dalmatian channels</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Battle_for_Antunovac" title="Battle for Antunovac">Battle for Antunovac</a></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1237032888/mw-parser-output/.tmulti"><div class="thumb tmulti tright"><div class="thumbinner multiimageinner" style="width:358px;max-width:358px"><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:242px;max-width:242px"><div class="thumbimage"><a href="/wiki/File:Muzej_DR-crop.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Muzej_DR-crop.JPG/240px-Muzej_DR-crop.JPG" decoding="async" width="240" height="172" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Muzej_DR-crop.JPG/360px-Muzej_DR-crop.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Muzej_DR-crop.JPG/480px-Muzej_DR-crop.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2724" data-file-height="1950" /></a></div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:112px;max-width:112px"><div class="thumbimage"><a href="/wiki/File:Dubrovnik_shelling.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Dubrovnik_shelling.jpg/110px-Dubrovnik_shelling.jpg" decoding="async" width="110" height="152" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Dubrovnik_shelling.jpg/165px-Dubrovnik_shelling.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Dubrovnik_shelling.jpg/220px-Dubrovnik_shelling.jpg 2x" data-file-width="702" data-file-height="969" /></a></div></div></div><div class="trow" style="display:flex"><div class="thumbcaption">In the first stages of war, Croatian cities were extensively shelled by the JNA. Bombardment damage in <a href="/wiki/Dubrovnik" title="Dubrovnik">Dubrovnik</a>: <a href="/wiki/Stradun_(street)" title="Stradun (street)">Stradun</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Walls_of_Dubrovnik" title="Walls of Dubrovnik">walled city</a> (left) and map of the walled city with the damage marked (right)</div></div></div></div> In July, in an attempt to salvage what remained of Yugoslavia, JNA forces were involved in operations against predominantly Croat areas. In July the Serb-led Territorial Defence Forces started their advance on Dalmatian coastal areas in <a href="/wiki/Operation_Coast-91" class="mw-redirect" title="Operation Coast-91">Operation Coast-91</a>.<a href="#cite_note-LATimes-Desertions-29Sep91-164">[155]</a> By early August, large areas of <a href="/wiki/Banovina_(region)" title="Banovina (region)">Banovina</a> were overrun by Serb forces.<a href="#cite_note-LATimes-OccupiedPct-1Aug91-165">[156]</a> With the start of military operations in Croatia, Croats and a number of Serbian conscripts started to desert the JNA en masse, similar to what had happened in Slovenia.<a href="#cite_note-LATimes-Desertions-29Sep91-164">[155]</a><a href="#cite_note-166">[157]</a> <a href="/wiki/Albanians" title="Albanians">Albanians</a> and <a href="/wiki/Macedonians_(ethnic_group)" title="Macedonians (ethnic group)">Macedonians</a> started to search for a way to legally leave the JNA or serve their conscription term in <a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Macedonia" class="mw-redirect" title="Republic of Macedonia">Macedonia</a>; these moves further homogenized the ethnic composition of JNA troops in or near Croatia.<a href="#cite_note-167">[158]</a> One month after <a href="/wiki/Independence_of_Croatia" title="Independence of Croatia">Croatia declared its independence</a>, the Yugoslav army and other Serb forces held something less than one-third of the Croatian territory,<a href="#cite_note-LATimes-OccupiedPct-1Aug91-165">[156]</a> mostly in areas with a predominantly ethnic Serb population.<a href="#cite_note-168">[159]</a><a href="#cite_note-NYTimes-Serbia-Aid-27July1991-169">[160]</a> The JNA military strategy partly consisted of extensive <a href="/wiki/Shell_(projectile)" title="Shell (projectile)">shelling</a>, at times irrespective of the presence of civilians.<a href="#cite_note-170">[161]</a> As the war progressed, the cities of <a href="/wiki/Dubrovnik" title="Dubrovnik">Dubrovnik</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gospi%C4%87" title="Gospić">Gospić</a>, <a href="/wiki/%C5%A0ibenik" title="Šibenik">Šibenik</a>, <a href="/wiki/Zadar" title="Zadar">Zadar</a>, <a href="/wiki/Karlovac" title="Karlovac">Karlovac</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sisak" title="Sisak">Sisak</a>, <a href="/wiki/Slavonski_Brod" title="Slavonski Brod">Slavonski Brod</a>, <a href="/wiki/Osijek" title="Osijek">Osijek</a>, <a href="/wiki/Vinkovci" title="Vinkovci">Vinkovci</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Vukovar" title="Vukovar">Vukovar</a> all came under attack by Yugoslav forces.<a href="#cite_note-171">[162]</a><a href="#cite_note-172">[163]</a><a href="#cite_note-173">[164]</a><a href="#cite_note-174">[165]</a> The United Nations (UN) imposed a weapons <a href="/wiki/Embargo" class="mw-redirect" title="Embargo">embargo</a>; this did not affect JNA-backed Serb forces significantly, as they had the JNA arsenal at their disposal, but it caused serious trouble for the newly formed Croatian army. The Croatian government started smuggling weapons over its borders.<a href="#cite_note-175">[166]</a><a href="#cite_note-NYT-Arms-Chile-176">[167]</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1224211176"><div class="quotebox pullquote floatleft" style="width:35%; ;"> <blockquote class="quotebox-quote left-aligned" style=""> We will soon gain control of <a href="/wiki/Petrinja" title="Petrinja">Petrinja</a>, <a href="/wiki/Karlovac" title="Karlovac">Karlovac</a> and <a href="/wiki/Zadar" title="Zadar">Zadar</a> because it has been shown that it is in our interest and the interest of the army to have a large port. </blockquote> <cite class="left-aligned" style="">— <a href="/wiki/Milan_Marti%C4%87" title="Milan Martić">Milan Martić</a>, August 19, 1991, on the expansion of Republic of Serbian Krajina at Croatia's expense<a href="#cite_note-NYTimes-MarticInterview-19AUG1991-114">[105]</a></cite> </div> In August 1991, the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Vukovar" title="Battle of Vukovar">Battle of Vukovar</a> began.<a href="#cite_note-177">[168]</a><a href="#cite_note-178">[169]</a> Eastern Slavonia was gravely impacted throughout this period, starting with the <a href="/wiki/Dalj_massacre" title="Dalj massacre">Dalj massacre</a>,<a href="#cite_note-179">[170]</a> and fronts developed around <a href="/wiki/Osijek" title="Osijek">Osijek</a> and <a href="/wiki/Vinkovci" title="Vinkovci">Vinkovci</a> in parallel to the encirclement of Vukovar.<a href="#cite_note-180">[171]</a><a href="#cite_note-181">[172]</a><a href="#cite_note-182">[173]</a><a href="#cite_note-183">[174]</a> In September, Serbian troops completely surrounded the city of Vukovar. Croatian troops, including the <a href="/wiki/204th_Vukovar_Brigade" title="204th Vukovar Brigade">204th Vukovar Brigade</a>, entrenched themselves within the city and held their ground against elite armored and mechanized brigades of the JNA, as well as Serb paramilitary units.<a href="#cite_note-BBC-paramilitaries-184">[175]</a><a href="#cite_note-UNHCR-paramilitaries-185">[176]</a> Vukovar was almost completely devastated; 15,000 houses were destroyed.<a href="#cite_note-DW-Vukovar-Haunted-186">[177]</a> Some ethnic Croatian civilians had taken shelter inside the city. Other members of the civilian population fled the area en masse. Death toll estimates for Vukovar as a result of the siege range from 1,798 to 5,000.<a href="#cite_note-un-131">[122]</a> A further 22,000 were exiled from Vukovar immediately after the town was captured.<a href="#cite_note-DW-Vukovar-Haunted-186">[177]</a><a href="#cite_note-187">[178]</a> Some estimates include 220,000 Croats and 300,000 Serbs <a href="/wiki/Internally_displaced_person" title="Internally displaced person">internally displaced</a> for the duration of the war in Croatia.<a href="#cite_note-Zanotti111-32">[24]</a> In many areas, large numbers of civilians were forced out by the military. It was at this time that the term <a href="/wiki/Ethnic_cleansing" title="Ethnic cleansing">ethnic cleansing</a>—the meaning of which ranged from eviction to murder—first entered the English lexicon.<a href="#cite_note-188">[179]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Map_3_-_Croatia_-_Eastern_Slavonia,_September_1991-January_1992.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Map_3_-_Croatia_-_Eastern_Slavonia%2C_September_1991-January_1992.jpg/220px-Map_3_-_Croatia_-_Eastern_Slavonia%2C_September_1991-January_1992.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="163" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Map_3_-_Croatia_-_Eastern_Slavonia%2C_September_1991-January_1992.jpg/330px-Map_3_-_Croatia_-_Eastern_Slavonia%2C_September_1991-January_1992.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Map_3_-_Croatia_-_Eastern_Slavonia%2C_September_1991-January_1992.jpg/440px-Map_3_-_Croatia_-_Eastern_Slavonia%2C_September_1991-January_1992.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1214" data-file-height="900" /></a><figcaption>The <a href="/wiki/Yugoslav_People%27s_Army" title="Yugoslav People's Army">JNA</a> breakthrough in eastern <a href="/wiki/Slavonia" title="Slavonia">Slavonia</a>, September 1991–-January 1992</figcaption></figure> On October 3, the <a href="/wiki/Yugoslav_Navy" title="Yugoslav Navy">Yugoslav Navy</a> renewed its blockade of the main ports of Croatia. This move followed months of standoff for JNA positions in Dalmatia and elsewhere now known as the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_the_Barracks" title="Battle of the Barracks">Battle of the Barracks</a>. It also coincided with the end of <a href="/wiki/Operation_Coast-91" class="mw-redirect" title="Operation Coast-91">Operation Coast-91</a>, in which the JNA failed to occupy the coastline in an attempt to cut off Dalmatia's access to the rest of Croatia.<a href="#cite_note-189">[180]</a> On October 5, President Tuđman made a speech in which he called upon the whole population to mobilize and defend against "Greater Serbian imperialism" pursued by the Serb-led JNA, Serbian paramilitary formations, and rebel Serb forces.<a href="#cite_note-NYTimes-Mobilization-6Oct1991-140">[131]</a> On 7 October, the Yugoslav air force attacked the main government building in Zagreb, an incident referred to as the <a href="/wiki/Bombing_of_the_Banski_Dvori" title="Bombing of the Banski Dvori">bombing of the Banski Dvori</a>.<a href="#cite_note-190">[181]</a><a href="#cite_note-191">[182]</a> The next day, as a previously agreed three-month moratorium on implementation of the declaration of independence expired, the Croatian Parliament severed all remaining ties with Yugoslavia. 8 October is now celebrated as Independence Day in Croatia.<a href="#cite_note-Sabor-Independence-8Oct1991-4">[4]</a> The bombing of the government offices and the <a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Dubrovnik" title="Siege of Dubrovnik">Siege of Dubrovnik</a> that started in October<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBjelajac_et_al.2009249–250-192">[183]</a> were contributing factors that led to <a href="/wiki/European_Union" title="European Union">European Union</a> (EU) <a href="/wiki/International_sanctions" title="International sanctions">sanctions</a> against Serbia.<a href="#cite_note-NYTimes-Dubrovnik-9Nov1991-193">[184]</a><a href="#cite_note-NYTimes-EUSanctions-9Nov1991-194">[185]</a> On 15 October after the capture of <a href="/wiki/Cavtat" title="Cavtat">Cavtat</a> by the JNA, local Serbs led by <a href="/wiki/Aco_Apolonio" title="Aco Apolonio">Aco Apolonio</a> proclaimed the <a href="/wiki/Dubrovnik_Republic_(1991)" title="Dubrovnik Republic (1991)">Dubrovnik Republic</a>.<a href="#cite_note-195">[186]</a> The international media focused on the damage to Dubrovnik's <a href="/wiki/Cultural_heritage" title="Cultural heritage">cultural heritage</a>; concerns about civilian casualties and pivotal battles such as the one in Vukovar were pushed out of public view. Nonetheless, artillery attacks on Dubrovnik damaged 56% of its buildings to some degree, as the historic walled city, a UNESCO <a href="/wiki/World_Heritage_Site" title="World Heritage Site">World Heritage Site</a>, sustained 650 hits by artillery rounds.<a href="#cite_note-196">[187]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Peak_of_the_war">Peak of the war</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Croatian_War_of_Independence&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Peak of the war">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Croatian_War_1991_child_refugee.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/Croatian_War_1991_child_refugee.jpg/220px-Croatian_War_1991_child_refugee.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="327" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/Croatian_War_1991_child_refugee.jpg/330px-Croatian_War_1991_child_refugee.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/14/Croatian_War_1991_child_refugee.jpg 2x" data-file-width="430" data-file-height="640" /></a><figcaption>Croatian internally displaced persons near Dubrovnik in December 1991</figcaption></figure> In response to the 5th JNA Corps advance across the <a href="/wiki/Sava" title="Sava">Sava River</a> towards <a href="/wiki/Pakrac" title="Pakrac">Pakrac</a> and further north into western Slavonia,<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBjelajac_et_al.2009245-197">[188]</a> the Croatian army began a successful <a href="/wiki/Counterattack" title="Counterattack">counterattack</a> in early November 1991, its first major offensive operation of the war. <a href="/wiki/Operation_Otkos_10" class="mw-redirect" title="Operation Otkos 10">Operation Otkos 10</a> (31 October to 4 November) resulted in Croatia recapturing an area between the <a href="/wiki/Bilogora" title="Bilogora">Bilogora</a> and <a href="/wiki/Papuk" title="Papuk">Papuk</a> mountains.<a href="#cite_note-NYTimes-Otkos10-198">[189]</a><a href="#cite_note-Vjesnik-Otkos-Orkan-199">[190]</a> The Croatian Army recaptured approximately 270 square kilometers (100 sq mi) of territory in this operation.<a href="#cite_note-Vjesnik-Otkos-Orkan-199">[190]</a> The <a href="/wiki/Vukovar_massacre" title="Vukovar massacre">Vukovar massacre</a> took place in November;<a href="#cite_note-NYT-Vukovar-Captured-200">[191]</a><a href="#cite_note-Independent-Vukovar-Massacre-201">[192]</a> the survivors were transported to <a href="/wiki/Internment" title="Internment">prison camps</a> such as <a href="/wiki/Ov%C4%8Dara_concentration_camp" class="mw-redirect" title="Ovčara concentration camp">Ovčara</a> and <a href="/wiki/Velepromet_concentration_camp" class="mw-redirect" title="Velepromet concentration camp">Velepromet</a>, with the majority ending up in <a href="/wiki/Sremska_Mitrovica_prison_camp" class="mw-redirect" title="Sremska Mitrovica prison camp">Sremska Mitrovica prison camp</a>.<a href="#cite_note-AI-camps-202">[193]</a> The sustained siege of Vukovar attracted heavy international media attention. Many international journalists were in or near Vukovar, as was UN peace mediator <a href="/wiki/Cyrus_Vance" title="Cyrus Vance">Cyrus Vance</a>, who had been <a href="/wiki/United_States_Secretary_of_State" title="United States Secretary of State">Secretary of State</a> to former US President <a href="/wiki/Jimmy_Carter" title="Jimmy Carter">Carter</a>.<a href="#cite_note-203">[194]</a> Also in eastern Slavonia, the <a href="/wiki/Lovas_massacre" class="mw-redirect" title="Lovas massacre">Lovas massacre</a> occurred in October<a href="#cite_note-B92-Lovas-130">[121]</a><a href="#cite_note-JURIST-Lovas-204">[195]</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Erdut_massacre" class="mw-redirect" title="Erdut massacre">Erdut massacre</a> in November 1991, before and after the <a href="/wiki/Fall_of_Vukovar" class="mw-redirect" title="Fall of Vukovar">fall of Vukovar</a>.<a href="#cite_note-icty-205">[196]</a> At the same time, the <a href="/wiki/%C5%A0kabrnja_massacre" title="Škabrnja massacre">Škabrnja massacre</a> and <a href="/wiki/Gospi%C4%87_massacre" title="Gospić massacre">Gospić massacre</a> occurred in the Dalmatian hinterland.<a href="#cite_note-CNN-Škabrnja-206">[197]</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1224211176"><div class="quotebox pullquote floatleft" style="width:20%; ;"> <blockquote class="quotebox-quote left-aligned" style=""> Croats became refugees in their own country. </blockquote> <cite class="left-aligned" style="">— <a href="/wiki/Mirko_Kova%C4%8D_(writer)" title="Mirko Kovač (writer)">Mirko Kovač</a> on the 10th anniversary of the end of the Croatian War<a href="#cite_note-207">[198]</a></cite> </div> On 14 November, the Navy blockade of Dalmatian ports was challenged by civilian ships. The confrontation culminated in the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_the_Dalmatian_channels" class="mw-redirect" title="Battle of the Dalmatian channels">Battle of the Dalmatian channels</a>, when Croatian <a href="/wiki/Coastal_artillery" title="Coastal artillery">coastal and island based artillery</a> damaged, sank, or captured a number of Yugoslav navy vessels, including <a href="/wiki/P%C4%8C-176_Mukos" class="mw-redirect" title="PČ-176 Mukos">Mukos PČ 176</a>, later rechristened PB 62 Šolta.<a href="#cite_note-208">[199]</a> After the battle, the Yugoslav naval operations were effectively limited to the southern <a href="/wiki/Adriatic_Sea" title="Adriatic Sea">Adriatic</a>.<a href="#cite_note-209">[200]</a> Croatian forces made further advances in the second half of December, including <a href="/wiki/Operation_Orkan_91" class="mw-redirect" title="Operation Orkan 91">Operation Orkan 91</a>. In the course of Orkan '91, the Croatian army recaptured approximately 1,440 square kilometers (560 sq mi) of territory.<a href="#cite_note-Vjesnik-Otkos-Orkan-199">[190]</a> The end of the operation marked the end of a six-month-long phase of intense fighting: 10,000 people had died; hundreds of thousands had fled and tens of thousands of homes had been destroyed.<a href="#cite_note-merger-210">[201]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Lovas1.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/Lovas1.jpg/220px-Lovas1.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="132" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/2e/Lovas1.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="314" data-file-height="188" /></a><figcaption>Photos of the victims of the <a href="/wiki/Lovas_massacre" class="mw-redirect" title="Lovas massacre">Lovas massacre</a></figcaption></figure> On December 19, as the intensity of the fighting increased, Croatia won its first <a href="/wiki/Diplomatic_recognition" title="Diplomatic recognition">diplomatic recognition</a> by a western nation—<a href="/wiki/Iceland" title="Iceland">Iceland</a>—while the <a href="/wiki/Serbian_Autonomous_Oblasts" class="mw-redirect" title="Serbian Autonomous Oblasts">Serbian Autonomous Oblasts</a> in Krajina and western Slavonia officially declared themselves the Republic of Serbian Krajina.<a href="#cite_note-NYTimes-Iceland-41">[32]</a> Four days later, Germany recognized Croatian independence.<a href="#cite_note-NYTimes-Germany-23Dec91-46">[37]</a> On December 26, 1991, the Serb-dominated federal presidency announced plans for a smaller Yugoslavia that could include the territory captured from Croatia during the war.<a href="#cite_note-NYTimes-Presidency-RumpYugPlan-42">[33]</a> However, on December 21, 1991 for the first time in the war <a href="/wiki/Istria" title="Istria">Istria</a> was under attack.<a href="#cite_note-attack-211">[202]</a> The Serbian Forces attacked the airport near the city of <a href="/wiki/Vrsar" title="Vrsar">Vrsar</a>, situated in the south-western of the peninsula between the city of <a href="/wiki/Pore%C4%8D" title="Poreč">Poreč</a> and <a href="/wiki/Rovinj" title="Rovinj">Rovinj</a>, with two <a href="/wiki/MiG-21" class="mw-redirect" title="MiG-21">MiG-21</a> and two <a href="/wiki/Galeb_G-2" class="mw-redirect" title="Galeb G-2">Galeb G-2</a>.<a href="#cite_note-destroyed-212">[203]</a> Afterwards, Yugoslav airplanes <a href="/wiki/Carpet_bombing" title="Carpet bombing">carpet bombed</a> Vrsar's Crljenka airport, resulting in two deaths.<a href="#cite_note-people-213">[204]</a> Mediated by foreign diplomats, ceasefires were frequently signed and frequently broken. Croatia lost much territory, but expanded the Croatian Army from the seven brigades it had at the time of the first ceasefire to 60 brigades and 37 independent battalions by December 31, 1991.<a href="#cite_note-NigelThomas-YugoslavWars-139">[130]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:A_destroyed_T-34-85_tank_in_Karlovac,_Croatia.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/A_destroyed_T-34-85_tank_in_Karlovac%2C_Croatia.jpg/220px-A_destroyed_T-34-85_tank_in_Karlovac%2C_Croatia.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/A_destroyed_T-34-85_tank_in_Karlovac%2C_Croatia.jpg/330px-A_destroyed_T-34-85_tank_in_Karlovac%2C_Croatia.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/A_destroyed_T-34-85_tank_in_Karlovac%2C_Croatia.jpg/440px-A_destroyed_T-34-85_tank_in_Karlovac%2C_Croatia.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2778" data-file-height="1857" /></a><figcaption>A destroyed <a href="/wiki/T-34-85" class="mw-redirect" title="T-34-85">T-34-85</a> tank in Karlovac, 1992</figcaption></figure> The <a href="/wiki/Arbitration_Commission_of_the_Peace_Conference_on_Yugoslavia" title="Arbitration Commission of the Peace Conference on Yugoslavia">Arbitration Commission of the Peace Conference on Yugoslavia</a>, also referred to as Badinter Arbitration Committee, was set up by the <a href="/wiki/Council_of_the_European_Union" title="Council of the European Union">Council of Ministers</a> of the <a href="/wiki/European_Economic_Community" title="European Economic Community">European Economic Community</a> (EEC) on August 27, 1991, to provide the Conference on Yugoslavia with legal advice. The five-member Commission consisted of presidents of <a href="/wiki/Constitutional_Court" class="mw-redirect" title="Constitutional Court">Constitutional Courts</a> in the EEC. Starting in late November 1991, the committee rendered ten opinions. The Commission stated, among other things, that SFR Yugoslavia was in the process of dissolution and that the internal boundaries of Yugoslav republics may not be altered unless freely agreed upon.<a href="#cite_note-pellet-1">[1]</a> Factors in favour of Croatia's preservation of its pre-war borders were the Yugoslav Federal Constitution Amendments of 1971, and the Yugoslav Federal Constitution of 1974. The 1971 amendments introduced a concept that sovereign rights were exercised by the federal units, and that the federation had only the authority specifically transferred to it by the constitution. The <a href="/wiki/1974_Yugoslav_Constitution" title="1974 Yugoslav Constitution">1974 Constitution</a> confirmed and strengthened the principles introduced in 1971.<a href="#cite_note-214">[205]</a><a href="#cite_note-Rich-215">[206]</a> The borders had been defined by demarcation commissions in 1947, pursuant to decisions of <a href="/wiki/AVNOJ" class="mw-redirect" title="AVNOJ">AVNOJ</a> in 1943 and 1945 regarding the federal organization of Yugoslavia.<a href="#cite_note-216">[207]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="1992:_Ceasefire">1992: Ceasefire</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Croatian_War_of_Independence&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: 1992: Ceasefire">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Protection_Force" title="United Nations Protection Force">United Nations Protection Force</a> and <a href="/wiki/Miljevci_plateau_incident" class="mw-redirect" title="Miljevci plateau incident">Miljevci plateau incident</a></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238443738">.mw-parser-output .locmap .od{position:absolute}.mw-parser-output .locmap .id{position:absolute;line-height:0}.mw-parser-output .locmap .l0{font-size:0;position:absolute}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pv{line-height:110%;position:absolute;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pl{line-height:110%;position:absolute;top:-0.75em;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pr{line-height:110%;position:absolute;top:-0.75em;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pv>div{display:inline;padding:1px}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pl>div{display:inline;padding:1px;float:right}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pr>div{display:inline;padding:1px;float:left}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pv>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night 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width="250" height="242" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/Cro-occup-lines-Jan92.svg/375px-Cro-occup-lines-Jan92.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/Cro-occup-lines-Jan92.svg/500px-Cro-occup-lines-Jan92.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="2508" data-file-height="2427" /></a></div><div class="od notheme" style="top:20.939%;left:42.327%;font-size:75%"><div class="id" style="left:-3px;top:-3px"><img alt="Zagreb" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/6px-Red_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="6" height="6" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/9px-Red_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/12px-Red_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></div><div class="pv" style="width:6em;bottom:4px;left:-3em"><div><a href="/wiki/Zagreb" title="Zagreb">Zagreb</a></div></div></div><div class="od notheme" style="top:26.378%;left:82.021%;font-size:75%"><div class="id" style="left:-3px;top:-3px"><img alt="Osijek" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/6px-Red_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="6" height="6" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/9px-Red_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/12px-Red_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></div><div class="pl" style="width:6em;right:4px"><div><a href="/wiki/Osijek" title="Osijek">Osijek</a></div></div></div><div class="od notheme" style="top:21.993%;left:80.991%;font-size:75%"><div class="id" style="left:-3px;top:-3px"><img alt="B.Manastir" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Blue_pog.svg/6px-Blue_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="6" height="6" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Blue_pog.svg/9px-Blue_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Blue_pog.svg/12px-Blue_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></div><div class="pr" style="width:6em;left:4px"><div><a href="/wiki/Beli_Manastir" title="Beli Manastir">B.Manastir</a></div></div></div><div class="od notheme" style="top:30.857%;left:86.787%;font-size:75%"><div class="id" style="left:-3px;top:-3px"><img alt="Vukovar" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Blue_pog.svg/6px-Blue_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="6" height="6" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Blue_pog.svg/9px-Blue_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Blue_pog.svg/12px-Blue_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></div><div class="pr" style="width:6em;left:4px"><div><a href="/wiki/Vukovar" title="Vukovar">Vukovar</a></div></div></div><div class="od notheme" style="top:27.176%;left:87.747%;font-size:75%"><div class="id" style="left:-3px;top:-3px"><img alt="Erdut" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Blue_pog.svg/6px-Blue_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="6" height="6" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Blue_pog.svg/9px-Blue_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Blue_pog.svg/12px-Blue_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></div><div class="pr" style="width:6em;left:4px"><div><a href="/wiki/Erdut" title="Erdut">Erdut</a></div></div></div><div class="od notheme" style="top:32.079%;left:83.889%;font-size:75%"><div class="id" style="left:-3px;top:-3px"><img alt="Vinkovci" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/6px-Red_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="6" height="6" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/9px-Red_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/12px-Red_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></div><div class="pl" style="width:6em;right:4px"><div><a href="/wiki/Vinkovci" title="Vinkovci">Vinkovci</a></div></div></div><div class="od notheme" style="top:36.731%;left:82.246%;font-size:75%"><div class="id" style="left:-3px;top:-3px"><img alt="Županja" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/6px-Red_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="6" height="6" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/9px-Red_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/12px-Red_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></div><div class="pr" style="width:6em;left:4px"><div><a href="/wiki/%C5%BDupanja" title="Županja">Županja</a></div></div></div><div class="od notheme" style="top:35.02%;left:72.274%;font-size:75%"><div class="id" style="left:-3px;top:-3px"><img alt="Slavonski Brod" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/6px-Red_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="6" height="6" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/9px-Red_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/12px-Red_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></div><div class="pv" style="width:6em;top:4px;left:-3em"><div><a href="/wiki/Slavonski_Brod" title="Slavonski Brod">Slavonski Brod</a></div></div></div><div class="od notheme" style="top:28.928%;left:60.16%;font-size:75%"><div class="id" style="left:-3px;top:-3px"><img alt="Pakrac" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/6px-Red_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="6" height="6" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/9px-Red_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/12px-Red_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></div><div class="pv" style="width:6em;bottom:4px;left:-3em"><div><a href="/wiki/Pakrac" title="Pakrac">Pakrac</a></div></div></div><div class="od notheme" style="top:54.891%;left:35.94%;font-size:75%"><div class="id" style="left:-3px;top:-3px"><img alt="Maslenica" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Blue_pog.svg/6px-Blue_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="6" height="6" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Blue_pog.svg/9px-Blue_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Blue_pog.svg/12px-Blue_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></div><div class="pr" style="width:6em;left:4px"><div><a href="/wiki/Maslenica" title="Maslenica">Maslenica</a></div></div></div><div class="od notheme" style="top:27.893%;left:36.046%;font-size:75%"><div class="id" style="left:-3px;top:-3px"><img alt="Karlovac" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/6px-Red_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="6" height="6" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/9px-Red_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/12px-Red_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></div><div class="pv" style="width:6em;bottom:4px;left:-3em"><div><a href="/wiki/Karlovac" title="Karlovac">Karlovac</a></div></div></div><div class="od notheme" style="top:32.675%;left:31.26%;font-size:75%"><div class="id" style="left:-3px;top:-3px"><img alt="Ogulin" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/6px-Red_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="6" height="6" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/9px-Red_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/12px-Red_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></div><div class="pl" style="width:6em;right:4px"><div><a href="/wiki/Ogulin" title="Ogulin">Ogulin</a></div></div></div><div class="od notheme" style="top:41.116%;left:31.381%;font-size:75%"><div class="id" style="left:-3px;top:-3px"><img alt="Otočac" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/6px-Red_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="6" height="6" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/9px-Red_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/12px-Red_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></div><div class="pl" style="width:6em;right:4px"><div><a href="/wiki/Oto%C4%8Dac" title="Otočac">Otočac</a></div></div></div><div class="od notheme" style="top:88.495%;left:73.668%;font-size:75%"><div class="id" style="left:-3px;top:-3px"><img alt="Dubrovnik" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/6px-Red_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="6" height="6" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/9px-Red_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/12px-Red_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></div><div class="pl" style="width:6em;right:4px"><div><a href="/wiki/Dubrovnik" title="Dubrovnik">Dubrovnik</a></div></div></div><div class="od notheme" style="top:89.858%;left:75.592%;font-size:75%"><div class="id" style="left:-3px;top:-3px"><img alt="Konavle" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Blue_pog.svg/6px-Blue_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="6" height="6" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Blue_pog.svg/9px-Blue_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Blue_pog.svg/12px-Blue_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></div><div class="pr" style="width:6em;left:4px"><div><a href="/wiki/Konavle" title="Konavle">Konavle</a></div></div></div><div class="od notheme" style="top:93.711%;left:79.785%;font-size:75%"><div class="id" style="left:-3px;top:-3px"><img alt="Prevlaka" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Blue_pog.svg/6px-Blue_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="6" height="6" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Blue_pog.svg/9px-Blue_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Blue_pog.svg/12px-Blue_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></div><div class="pl" style="width:6em;right:4px"><div><a href="/wiki/Prevlaka" title="Prevlaka">Prevlaka</a></div></div></div><div class="od notheme" style="top:70.022%;left:49.077%;font-size:75%"><div class="id" style="left:-3px;top:-3px"><img alt="Split" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/6px-Red_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="6" height="6" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/9px-Red_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/12px-Red_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></div><div class="pv" style="width:6em;top:4px;left:-3em"><div><a href="/wiki/Split_(city)" class="mw-redirect" title="Split (city)">Split</a></div></div></div><div class="od notheme" style="top:65.263%;left:41.171%;font-size:75%"><div class="id" style="left:-3px;top:-3px"><img alt="Šibenik" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/6px-Red_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="6" height="6" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/9px-Red_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/12px-Red_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></div><div class="pv" style="width:6em;top:4px;left:-3em"><div><a href="/wiki/%C5%A0ibenik" title="Šibenik">Šibenik</a></div></div></div><div class="od notheme" style="top:57.066%;left:31.366%;font-size:75%"><div class="id" style="left:-3px;top:-3px"><img alt="Zadar" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/6px-Red_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="6" height="6" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/9px-Red_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/12px-Red_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></div><div class="pv" style="width:6em;top:4px;left:-3em"><div><a href="/wiki/Zadar" title="Zadar">Zadar</a></div></div></div><div class="od notheme" style="top:27.965%;left:48.121%;font-size:75%"><div class="id" style="left:-3px;top:-3px"><img alt="Sisak" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/6px-Red_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="6" height="6" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/9px-Red_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/12px-Red_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></div><div class="pv" style="width:6em;bottom:4px;left:-3em"><div><a href="/wiki/Sisak" title="Sisak">Sisak</a></div></div></div><div class="od notheme" style="top:28.938%;left:46.73%;font-size:75%"><div class="id" style="left:-3px;top:-3px"><img alt="Petrinja" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Blue_pog.svg/6px-Blue_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="6" height="6" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Blue_pog.svg/9px-Blue_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Blue_pog.svg/12px-Blue_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></div><div class="pv" style="width:6em;top:4px;left:-3em"><div><a href="/wiki/Petrinja" title="Petrinja">Petrinja</a></div></div></div><div class="od notheme" style="top:40.816%;left:37.038%;font-size:75%"><div class="id" style="left:-3px;top:-3px"><img alt="Plitvice" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Blue_pog.svg/6px-Blue_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="6" height="6" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Blue_pog.svg/9px-Blue_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Blue_pog.svg/12px-Blue_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></div><div class="pv" style="width:6em;bottom:4px;left:-3em"><div><a href="/wiki/Plitvice_Lakes" class="mw-redirect" title="Plitvice Lakes">Plitvice</a></div></div></div><div class="od notheme" style="top:47.922%;left:33.426%;font-size:75%"><div class="id" style="left:-3px;top:-3px"><img alt="Gospić" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/6px-Red_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="6" height="6" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/9px-Red_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/12px-Red_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></div><div class="pl" style="width:6em;right:4px"><div><a href="/wiki/Gospi%C4%87" title="Gospić">Gospić</a></div></div></div><div class="od notheme" style="top:58.7%;left:45.51%;font-size:75%"><div class="id" style="left:-3px;top:-3px"><img alt="Knin" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Blue_pog.svg/6px-Blue_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="6" height="6" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Blue_pog.svg/9px-Blue_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Blue_pog.svg/12px-Blue_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></div><div class="pr" style="width:6em;left:4px"><div><a href="/wiki/Knin" title="Knin">Knin</a></div></div></div><div class="od notheme" style="top:63.915%;left:51.405%;font-size:75%"><div class="id" style="left:-3px;top:-3px"><img alt="Peruća Dam" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Blue_pog.svg/6px-Blue_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="6" height="6" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Blue_pog.svg/9px-Blue_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Blue_pog.svg/12px-Blue_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></div><div class="pr" style="width:6em;left:4px"><div><a href="/wiki/Peru%C4%87a_Dam" class="mw-redirect" title="Peruća Dam">Peruća Dam</a></div></div></div><div class="od notheme" style="top:32.758%;left:60.261%;font-size:75%"><div class="id" style="left:-3px;top:-3px"><img alt="Okučani" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Blue_pog.svg/6px-Blue_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="6" height="6" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Blue_pog.svg/9px-Blue_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Blue_pog.svg/12px-Blue_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></div><div class="pv" style="width:6em;top:4px;left:-3em"><div><a href="/wiki/Oku%C4%8Dani" title="Okučani">Okučani</a></div></div></div><div class="od notheme" style="top:42.198%;left:40.868%;font-size:75%"><div class="id" style="left:-3px;top:-3px"><img alt="Bihać" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/60/Lightgreen_pog.svg/6px-Lightgreen_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="6" height="6" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/60/Lightgreen_pog.svg/9px-Lightgreen_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/60/Lightgreen_pog.svg/12px-Lightgreen_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></div><div class="pr" style="width:6em;left:4px"><div><a href="/wiki/Biha%C4%87" title="Bihać">Bihać</a></div></div></div><div class="od notheme" style="top:43.247%;left:60.018%;font-size:75%"><div class="id" style="left:-3px;top:-3px"><img alt="Banja Luka" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Blue_pog.svg/6px-Blue_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="6" height="6" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Blue_pog.svg/9px-Blue_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Blue_pog.svg/12px-Blue_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></div><div class="pv" style="width:6em;top:4px;left:-3em"><div><a href="/wiki/Banja_Luka" title="Banja Luka">Banja Luka</a></div></div></div><div class="od notheme" style="top:76.596%;left:4.299%;font-size:75%"><div class="id" style="left:-3px;top:-3px"><img alt="Croatian controlled" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/6px-Red_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="6" height="6" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/9px-Red_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/12px-Red_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></div><div class="pr" style="width:6em;left:4px"><div>Croatian controlled</div></div></div><div class="od notheme" style="top:85.106%;left:4.299%;font-size:75%"><div class="id" style="left:-3px;top:-3px"><img alt="Serb controlled" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Blue_pog.svg/6px-Blue_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="6" height="6" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Blue_pog.svg/9px-Blue_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Blue_pog.svg/12px-Blue_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></div><div class="pr" style="width:6em;left:4px"><div>Serb controlled</div></div></div><div class="od notheme" style="top:93.617%;left:4.299%;font-size:75%"><div class="id" style="left:-3px;top:-3px"><img alt="Bosniak controlled" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/60/Lightgreen_pog.svg/6px-Lightgreen_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="6" height="6" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/60/Lightgreen_pog.svg/9px-Lightgreen_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/60/Lightgreen_pog.svg/12px-Lightgreen_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></div><div class="pr" style="width:6em;left:4px"><div>Bosniak controlled</div></div></div></div><div class="thumbcaption"><div class="magnify"><a href="/wiki/File:Croatia_location_map.svg" title="File:Croatia location map.svg">class=notpageimage| </a></div>Occupied areas in Croatia (January 1992)</div></div></div> A new UN-sponsored <a href="/wiki/Ceasefire" title="Ceasefire">ceasefire</a>, the fifteenth in just six months, was agreed on January 2, 1992, and came into force the next day.<a href="#cite_note-NYTimes-Jan3-Ceasefire-7">[6]</a> This so-called <a href="/wiki/Sarajevo_Agreement" class="mw-redirect" title="Sarajevo Agreement">Sarajevo Agreement</a> became a lasting ceasefire. Croatia was officially recognized by the European Community on January 15, 1992.<a href="#cite_note-NYTimes-Germany-23Dec91-46">[37]</a> Even though the JNA began to withdraw from Croatia, including Krajina, the RSK clearly retained the upper hand in the occupied territories due to support from Serbia.<a href="#cite_note-hrw1-133">[124]</a> By that time, the RSK encompassed 13,913 square kilometers (5,372 sq mi) of territory.<a href="#cite_note-Profil-RSK-Dokumenti-49">[40]</a> The area size did not encompass another 680 square kilometers (260 sq mi) of occupied territory near Dubrovnik, as that area was not considered part of the RSK.<a href="#cite_note-HBK-Dubrovnik-okupacija-217">[208]</a> Ending the series of unsuccessful ceasefires, the UN deployed a protection force in Serbian-held Croatia—the <a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Protection_Force" title="United Nations Protection Force">United Nations Protection Force</a> (UNPROFOR)—to supervise and maintain the agreement.<a href="#cite_note-UN-deployment-29Jan91-218">[209]</a> The UNPROFOR was officially created by <a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Security_Council_Resolution_743" title="United Nations Security Council Resolution 743">UN Security Council Resolution 743</a> on February 21, 1992.<a href="#cite_note-UN_SRES7431992-48">[39]</a> The warring parties mostly moved to entrenched positions, and the JNA soon retreated from Croatia into Bosnia and Herzegovina, where a new conflict was anticipated.<a href="#cite_note-NYTimes-Jan3-Ceasefire-7">[6]</a> Croatia became a member of the UN on May 22, 1992, which was conditional upon Croatia amending its constitution to protect the human rights of minority groups and dissidents.<a href="#cite_note-NYT-UN-membership-47">[38]</a> Expulsions of the non-Serb civilian population remaining in the occupied territories continued despite the presence of the UNPROFOR peacekeeping troops, and in some cases, with UN troops being virtually enlisted as accomplices.<a href="#cite_note-NYT-UNPROFOR-Expulsions92-219">[210]</a> The Yugoslav People's Army took thousands of prisoners during the war in Croatia, and interned them in camps in Serbia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, and Montenegro. The Croatian forces also captured some Serbian prisoners, and the two sides agreed to several <a href="/wiki/Prisoner_exchange" title="Prisoner exchange">prisoner exchanges</a>; most prisoners were freed by the end of 1992. Some infamous prisons included the <a href="/wiki/Sremska_Mitrovica_camp" class="mw-redirect" title="Sremska Mitrovica camp">Sremska Mitrovica camp</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Staji%C4%87evo_camp" title="Stajićevo camp">Stajićevo camp</a>, and the <a href="/wiki/Begejci_camp" title="Begejci camp">Begejci camp</a> in Serbia, and the <a href="/wiki/Morinj_camp" title="Morinj camp">Morinj camp</a> in Montenegro.<a href="#cite_note-camp-220">[211]</a> The Croatian Army also established detention camps, such as the <a href="/wiki/Lora_prison_camp" title="Lora prison camp">Lora prison camp</a> in <a href="/wiki/Split,_Croatia" title="Split, Croatia">Split</a>.<a href="#cite_note-camp-220">[211]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Captured_Serb_cannon_and_truck_in_Siritovci_1.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Captured_Serb_cannon_and_truck_in_Siritovci_1.jpg/200px-Captured_Serb_cannon_and_truck_in_Siritovci_1.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="143" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Captured_Serb_cannon_and_truck_in_Siritovci_1.jpg/300px-Captured_Serb_cannon_and_truck_in_Siritovci_1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Captured_Serb_cannon_and_truck_in_Siritovci_1.jpg/400px-Captured_Serb_cannon_and_truck_in_Siritovci_1.jpg 2x" data-file-width="594" data-file-height="424" /></a><figcaption>Croatian soldiers capture a Serb cannon and truck in the <a href="/wiki/Miljevci_plateau_incident" class="mw-redirect" title="Miljevci plateau incident">Miljevci plateau incident</a>, June 21, 1992</figcaption></figure> Armed conflict in Croatia continued intermittently on a smaller scale. There were several smaller operations undertaken by Croatian forces to relieve the siege of Dubrovnik, and other Croatian cities (Šibenik, Zadar and Gospić) from Krajina forces. Battles included the <a href="/wiki/Miljevci_plateau_incident" class="mw-redirect" title="Miljevci plateau incident">Miljevci plateau incident</a> (between <a href="/wiki/Krka_(Croatia)" class="mw-redirect" title="Krka (Croatia)">Krka</a> and <a href="/wiki/Drni%C5%A1" title="Drniš">Drniš</a>), on June 21–22, 1992,<a href="#cite_note-NYT-Miljevci-24Jun1992-221">[212]</a> Operation Jaguar at Križ Hill near <a href="/wiki/Bibinje" title="Bibinje">Bibinje</a> and Zadar, on May 22, 1992, and a series of military actions in the Dubrovnik hinterland: <a href="/wiki/Operation_Tiger_(1992)" title="Operation Tiger (1992)">Operation Tigar</a>, on 1–13 July 1992,<a href="#cite_note-NYT-Dubrovnik-15Jul1992-222">[213]</a> in <a href="/wiki/Konavle" title="Konavle">Konavle</a>, on 20–24 September 1992, and at Vlaštica on September 22–25, 1992. Combat near Dubrovnik was followed by the withdrawal of JNA from Konavle, between September 30 and October 20, 1992.<a href="#cite_note-223">[214]</a> The <a href="/wiki/Prevlaka" title="Prevlaka">Prevlaka</a> peninsula guarding entrance to the <a href="/wiki/Bay_of_Kotor" title="Bay of Kotor">Bay of Kotor</a> was demilitarized and turned over to the UNPROFOR, while the remainder of Konavle was restored to the Croatian authorities.<a href="#cite_note-UN-UNMOP-Background-224">[215]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="1993:_Croatian_military_advances">1993: Croatian military advances</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Croatian_War_of_Independence&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: 1993: Croatian military advances">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information: <a href="/wiki/Operation_Maslenica" title="Operation Maslenica">Operation Maslenica</a> and <a href="/wiki/Operation_Medak_Pocket" title="Operation Medak Pocket">Operation Medak Pocket</a></div> Fighting was renewed at the beginning of 1993, as the Croatian army launched <a href="/wiki/Operation_Maslenica" title="Operation Maslenica">Operation Maslenica</a>, an offensive operation in the Zadar area on January 22. The objective of the attack was to improve the strategic situation in that area, as it targeted the city airport and the <a href="/wiki/Maslenica_Bridge_(D8)" title="Maslenica Bridge (D8)">Maslenica Bridge</a>,<a href="#cite_note-NYT-Maslenica-24Jan92-225">[216]</a> the last entirely overland link between Zagreb and the city of Zadar until the bridge area was captured in September 1991.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBjelajac_et_al.2009242-226">[217]</a> The attack proved successful as it met its declared objectives,<a href="#cite_note-NYT-Cosic-25Jan92-227">[218]</a> but at a high cost, as 114 Croat and 490 Serb soldiers were killed in a relatively limited theater of operations.<a href="#cite_note-NovaTV-Maslenica-20Jan07-228">[219]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Medak_pocket_battle_map.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Medak_pocket_battle_map.png/220px-Medak_pocket_battle_map.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="246" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Medak_pocket_battle_map.png/330px-Medak_pocket_battle_map.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Medak_pocket_battle_map.png/440px-Medak_pocket_battle_map.png 2x" data-file-width="499" data-file-height="559" /></a><figcaption>Map of <a href="/wiki/Operation_Medak_Pocket" title="Operation Medak Pocket">Operation Medak Pocket</a></figcaption></figure> While Operation Maslenica was in progress, Croatian forces attacked Serb positions 130 kilometers (81 mi) to the east. They advanced towards the <a href="/wiki/Peru%C4%87a_Lake" title="Peruća Lake">Peruća Hydroelectric Dam</a> and captured it by January 28, 1993, shortly after Serb militiamen chased away the UN peacekeepers protecting the dam.<a href="#cite_note-NYT-Peruca-29Jan92-229">[220]</a> UN forces had been present at the site since the summer of 1992. They discovered that the Serbs had planted 35 to 37 tons of explosives spread over seven different sites on the dam in a way that prevented the explosives' removal; the charges were left in place.<a href="#cite_note-NYT-Peruca-29Jan92-229">[220]</a><a href="#cite_note-NYT-35tons-29Jan92-230">[221]</a> Retreating Serb forces detonated three of explosive charges totaling 5 tons within the 65-meter (213 ft) high dam in an attempt to cause it to fail and flood the area downstream.<a href="#cite_note-NYT-35tons-29Jan92-230">[221]</a><a href="#cite_note-LATimes-Peruca-30Jan93-231">[222]</a> The disaster was prevented by <a href="/wiki/Mark_Nicholas_Gray" title="Mark Nicholas Gray">Mark Nicholas Gray</a>, a colonel in the British <a href="/wiki/Royal_Marines" title="Royal Marines">Royal Marines</a>, a lieutenant at the time, who was a <a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Military_Observer" title="United Nations Military Observer">UN military observer</a> at the site. He risked being disciplined for acting beyond his authority by lowering the reservoir level, which held 0.54 cubic kilometers (0.13 cu mi) of water, before the dam was blown up. His action saved the lives of 20,000 people who would otherwise have drowned or become homeless.<a href="#cite_note-Independent-Peruca-Gray-232">[223]</a> <a href="/wiki/Operation_Medak_Pocket" title="Operation Medak Pocket">Operation Medak Pocket</a> took place in a <a href="/wiki/Salients,_re-entrants_and_pockets" class="mw-redirect" title="Salients, re-entrants and pockets">salient</a> south of Gospić, from September 9–17. The offensive was undertaken by the Croatian army to stop Serbian artillery in the area from shelling nearby Gospić.<a href="#cite_note-NYT-Medak-3Dec2002-233">[224]</a> The operation met its stated objective of removing the artillery threat, as Croatian troops overran the salient, but it was marred by war crimes. The ICTY later indicted Croatian officers for war crimes. The operation was halted amid international pressure, and an agreement was reached that the Croatian troops were to withdraw to positions held prior to September 9, while UN troops were to occupy the salient alone. The events that followed remain controversial, as Canadian authorities reported that the Croatian army intermittently fought against the advancing Canadian <a href="/wiki/Princess_Patricia%27s_Canadian_Light_Infantry" title="Princess Patricia's Canadian Light Infantry">Princess Patricia's Canadian Light Infantry</a> before finally retreating after sustaining 27 fatalities.<a href="#cite_note-PPCLI-234">[225]</a> The Croatian ministry of defense and UN officer's testimonies given during the Ademi-Norac trial deny that the battle occurred.<a href="#cite_note-Nacional-Medak-Canada-235">[226]</a><a href="#cite_note-Canada-Com-Medak-myth-236">[227]</a><a href="#cite_note-NovaTV-Medak-Canada-237">[228]</a><a href="#cite_note-238">[229]</a> <table class="wikitable" style="float:right;"> <caption>Ethnic make-up of the Republic of Serbian Krajina (1991–1993) </caption> <tbody><tr> <th>Ethnic group</th> <th>1991<a href="#cite_note-239">[230]</a></th> <th>1993<a href="#cite_note-240">[231]</a> </th></tr> <tr> <td>Serbs</td> <td>245,800 (52.3%)</td> <td>398,900 (92%) </td></tr> <tr> <td>Croats</td> <td>168,026 (35.8%)</td> <td>30,300 (7%) </td></tr> <tr> <td>Others</td> <td>55,895 (11.9%)</td> <td>4,395 (1%) </td></tr> <tr> <td>Total</td> <td>469,721</td> <td>433,595 </td></tr></tbody></table> On February 18, 1993, Croatian authorities signed the <a href="/wiki/Daruvar_Agreement" title="Daruvar Agreement">Daruvar Agreement</a> with local Serb leaders in Western Slavonia. The aim of the secret agreement was normalizing life for local populations near the frontline. However, authorities in Knin learned of this and arrested the Serb leaders responsible.<a href="#cite_note-241">[232]</a> In June 1993, Serbs began voting in a referendum on merging Krajina territory with <a href="/wiki/Republika_Srpska" title="Republika Srpska">Republika Srpska</a>.<a href="#cite_note-merger-210">[201]</a> Milan Martić, acting as the RSK interior minister, advocated a merger of the "two Serbian states as the first stage in the establishment of a state of all Serbs" in his April 3 letter to the Assembly of the Republika Srpska. On January 21, 1994, Martić stated that he would "speed up the process of unification and pass on the baton to all Serbian leader Slobodan Milošević" if elected president of the RSK".<a href="#cite_note-242">[233]</a> These intentions were countered by the <a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Security_Council" title="United Nations Security Council">United Nations Security Council</a> (UNSC) <a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Security_Council_Resolution_871" title="United Nations Security Council Resolution 871">Resolution 871</a> in October 1993, when the UNSC affirmed for the first time that the United Nations Protected Areas, i.e. the RSK held areas, were an integral part of the Republic of Croatia.<a href="#cite_note-243">[234]</a> During 1992 and 1993, an estimated 225,000 Croats, as well as refugees from Bosnia and Herzegovina and Serbia, settled in Croatia. Croatian volunteers and some conscripted soldiers participated in the <a href="/wiki/War_in_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina" class="mw-redirect" title="War in Bosnia and Herzegovina">war in Bosnia and Herzegovina</a>.<a href="#cite_note-244">[235]</a> In September 1992, Croatia had accepted 335,985 refugees from Bosnia and Herzegovina, most of whom were <a href="/wiki/Bosniak" class="mw-redirect" title="Bosniak">Bosniak</a> civilians (excluding men of drafting age).<a href="#cite_note-245">[236]</a> The large number of refugees significantly strained the Croatian economy and infrastructure.<a href="#cite_note-Guardian-BosnianRefugees-1992-246">[237]</a> The American Ambassador to Croatia, <a href="/wiki/Peter_Galbraith" title="Peter Galbraith">Peter Galbraith</a>, tried to put the number of Muslim refugees in Croatia into a proper perspective in an interview on 8 November 1993. He said the situation would be the equivalent of the <a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a> taking in 30,000,000 refugees.<a href="#cite_note-247">[238]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="1994:_Erosion_of_support_for_Krajina">1994: Erosion of support for Krajina</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Croatian_War_of_Independence&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: 1994: Erosion of support for Krajina">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information: <a href="/wiki/Washington_Agreement" title="Washington Agreement">Washington Agreement</a> and <a href="/wiki/Operation_Winter_%2794" title="Operation Winter '94">Operation Winter '94</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Western_Bosnia_1994.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/Western_Bosnia_1994.png/220px-Western_Bosnia_1994.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="332" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/Western_Bosnia_1994.png/330px-Western_Bosnia_1994.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/Western_Bosnia_1994.png/440px-Western_Bosnia_1994.png 2x" data-file-width="942" data-file-height="1422" /></a><figcaption>Map of the Bihać enclave</figcaption></figure> In 1992, the <a href="/wiki/Croat%E2%80%93Bosniak_war" class="mw-redirect" title="Croat–Bosniak war">Croat-Bosniak conflict</a> erupted in Bosnia and Herzegovina, just as each was fighting with the Bosnian Serbs. The war was originally fought between the <a href="/wiki/Croatian_Defence_Council" title="Croatian Defence Council">Croatian Defence Council</a> and Croatian volunteer troops on one side and the <a href="/wiki/Army_of_the_Republic_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina" title="Army of the Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina">Army of the Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina</a> (ARBiH) on the other, but by 1994, the Croatian Army had an estimated 3,000 to 5,000 troops involved in the fighting.<a href="#cite_note-NYT-Troops-in-Bosnia-248">[239]</a> Under pressure from the United States,<a href="#cite_note-LAT-USpressure-WashAgr-249">[240]</a> the belligerents agreed on a truce in late February,<a href="#cite_note-NYT-Bosnia-Croatia-truce-250">[241]</a> followed by a meeting of Croatian, Bosnian, and Bosnian Croat representatives with US Secretary of State <a href="/wiki/Warren_Christopher" title="Warren Christopher">Warren Christopher</a> in Washington, D.C., on February 26, 1994. On March 4, Franjo Tuđman endorsed the agreement providing for the creation of the <a href="/wiki/Federation_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina" title="Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina">Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina</a> and an alliance between Bosnian and Croatian armies against the Serb forces.<a href="#cite_note-NYT-WashingtonAgreement-19Mar1994-9">[7]</a><a href="#cite_note-NYT-WashingtonAgreement-05Mar1994-251">[242]</a> This led to the dismantling of <a href="/wiki/Herzeg-Bosnia" class="mw-redirect" title="Herzeg-Bosnia">Herzeg-Bosnia</a> and reduced the number of warring factions in Bosnia and Herzegovina from three to two.<a href="#cite_note-252">[243]</a> In late 1994, the Croatian Army intervened in Bosnia from November 1–3, in <a href="/wiki/Operation_Cincar" class="mw-redirect" title="Operation Cincar">Operation Cincar</a> near <a href="/wiki/Kupres_(town)" class="mw-redirect" title="Kupres (town)">Kupres</a>,<a href="#cite_note-NYT-Cincar-4Nov1994-20">[14]</a> and from November 29 – December 24 in the <a href="/wiki/Operation_Winter_%2794" title="Operation Winter '94">Winter '94</a> operation near <a href="/wiki/Dinara" title="Dinara">Dinara</a> and <a href="/wiki/Livno" title="Livno">Livno</a>.<a href="#cite_note-NYT-Winter94-12Jan1995-21">[15]</a><a href="#cite_note-Burg_and_Shoup331-22">[16]</a> These operations were undertaken to detract from the siege of the Bihać region and to approach the RSK capital of Knin from the north, isolating it on three sides.<a href="#cite_note-Ramet-3Yugoslavias-452-144">[135]</a> During this time, unsuccessful negotiations mediated by the UN were under way between the Croatian and RSK governments. The matters under discussion included opening the Serb-occupied part of the <a href="/wiki/A3_(Croatia)" title="A3 (Croatia)">Zagreb–Slavonski Brod motorway</a> near <a href="/wiki/Oku%C4%8Dani" title="Okučani">Okučani</a> to transit traffic, as well as the putative status of Serbian-majority areas within Croatia. The motorway initially reopened at the end of 1994, but it was soon closed again due to security issues. Repeated failures to resolve the two disputes would serve as triggers for major Croatian offensives in 1995.<a href="#cite_note-A3-reopens-1994-253">[244]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Oklopnjak_vukovarska_vojarna_2.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Oklopnjak_vukovarska_vojarna_2.JPG/220px-Oklopnjak_vukovarska_vojarna_2.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Oklopnjak_vukovarska_vojarna_2.JPG/330px-Oklopnjak_vukovarska_vojarna_2.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Oklopnjak_vukovarska_vojarna_2.JPG/440px-Oklopnjak_vukovarska_vojarna_2.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2048" data-file-height="1536" /></a><figcaption>A Croatian <a href="/wiki/Improvised_fighting_vehicle" title="Improvised fighting vehicle">improvised fighting vehicle</a></figcaption></figure> At the same time, the Krajina army continued the <a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Biha%C4%87_(1992%E2%80%9395)" class="mw-redirect" title="Siege of Bihać (1992–95)">Siege of Bihać</a>, together with the <a href="/wiki/Army_of_Republika_Srpska" title="Army of Republika Srpska">Army of Republika Srpska</a> from Bosnia.<a href="#cite_note-254">[245]</a> <a href="/wiki/Michael_C._Williams_(United_Nations)" class="mw-redirect" title="Michael C. Williams (United Nations)">Michael Williams</a>, an official of the UN peacekeeping force, said that when the village of <a href="/wiki/Vedro_Polje,_Bosanski_Petrovac" title="Vedro Polje, Bosanski Petrovac">Vedro Polje</a> west of Bihać had fallen to a RSK unit in late November 1994, the siege entered the final stage. He added that heavy tank and artillery fire against the town of <a href="/wiki/Velika_Kladu%C5%A1a" title="Velika Kladuša">Velika Kladuša</a> in the north of the Bihać enclave was coming from the RSK. Western military analysts said that among the array of Serbian <a href="/wiki/Surface-to-air_missile" title="Surface-to-air missile">surface-to-air missile</a> systems that surrounded the Bihać pocket on Croatian territory, there was a modern <a href="/wiki/SAM-2" class="mw-redirect" title="SAM-2">SAM-2</a> system probably brought there from Belgrade.<a href="#cite_note-255">[246]</a> In response to the situation, the Security Council passed <a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Security_Council_Resolution_958" title="United Nations Security Council Resolution 958">Resolution 958</a>, which allowed NATO aircraft deployed as a part of the <a href="/wiki/Operation_Deny_Flight" title="Operation Deny Flight">Operation Deny Flight</a> to operate in Croatia. On November 21, NATO attacked the <a href="/wiki/Udbina" title="Udbina">Udbina</a> airfield controlled by the RSK, temporarily disabling runways. Following the Udbina strike, NATO continued to launch strikes in the area, and on November 23, after a NATO reconnaissance plane was illuminated by the radar of a surface-to-air missile (SAM) system, NATO planes attacked a SAM site near <a href="/wiki/Dvor,_Croatia" title="Dvor, Croatia">Dvor</a> with <a href="/wiki/AGM-88_HARM" title="AGM-88 HARM">AGM-88 HARM</a> <a href="/wiki/Anti-radiation_missiles" class="mw-redirect" title="Anti-radiation missiles">anti-radiation missiles</a>.<a href="#cite_note-b182183-256">[247]</a> In later campaigns, the Croatian army would pursue a variant of <a href="/wiki/Blitzkrieg" title="Blitzkrieg">blitzkrieg</a> tactics, with the Guard brigades punching through the enemy lines while the other units simply held the lines at other points and completed an encirclement of the enemy units.<a href="#cite_note-NigelThomas-YugoslavWars-139">[130]</a><a href="#cite_note-Ramet-3Yugoslavias-452-144">[135]</a> In a further attempt to bolster its armed forces, Croatia hired <a href="/wiki/Military_Professional_Resources_Inc." title="Military Professional Resources Inc.">Military Professional Resources Inc.</a> (MPRI) in September 1994 to train some of its officers and NCOs.[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a>] Begun in January 1995, MPRI's assignment involved fifteen advisors who taught basic officer leadership skills and training management. MPRI activities were reviewed in advance by the US State Department to ensure they did not involve tactical training or violate the UN arms embargo still in place.<a href="#cite_note-HuffingtonPost-MPRI-Shoyster-257">[248]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="1995:_End_of_the_war">1995: End of the war</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Croatian_War_of_Independence&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: 1995: End of the war">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information: <a href="/wiki/Operation_Flash" title="Operation Flash">Operation Flash</a>, <a href="/wiki/Operation_Summer_%2795" title="Operation Summer '95">Operation Summer '95</a>, <a href="/wiki/Operation_Storm" title="Operation Storm">Operation Storm</a>, <a href="/wiki/Erdut_Agreement" title="Erdut Agreement">Erdut Agreement</a>, <a href="/wiki/UNTAES" class="mw-redirect" title="UNTAES">UNTAES</a>, and <a href="/wiki/UNMOP" class="mw-redirect" title="UNMOP">UNMOP</a></div> Tensions were renewed at the beginning of 1995 as Croatia sought to put increasing pressure on the RSK. In a five-page letter on 12 January <a href="/wiki/Franjo_Tu%C4%91man" title="Franjo Tuđman">Franjo Tuđman</a> formally told the UN Secretary General <a href="/wiki/Boutros_Boutros-Ghali" title="Boutros Boutros-Ghali">Boutros Boutros-Ghali</a> that Croatia was ending the agreement permitting the stationing of UNPROFOR in Croatia, effective 31 March. The move was purportedly motivated by actions by Serbia and the Serb-dominated Federal Republic of Yugoslavia to provide assistance to the Serb occupation of Croatia and allegedly integrate the occupied areas into Yugoslav territory. The situation was noted and addressed by the <a href="/wiki/United_Nations_General_Assembly" title="United Nations General Assembly">UN General Assembly</a>:<a href="#cite_note-NYTimes-UNPROFOR-dismissed-258">[249]</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1244412712"><blockquote class="templatequote">... regarding the situation in Croatia, and to respect strictly its territorial integrity, and in this regard concludes that their activities aimed at achieving the integration of the occupied territories of Croatia into the administrative, military, educational, transportation and communication systems of the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia (<a href="/wiki/Serbia_and_Montenegro" title="Serbia and Montenegro">Serbia and Montenegro</a>) are illegal, null and void, and must cease immediately.<a href="#cite_note-259">[250]</a><div class="templatequotecite">— <cite>The <a href="/wiki/United_Nations_General_Assembly" title="United Nations General Assembly">United Nations General Assembly</a> resolution 1994/43, regarding to the occupied territories of Croatia</cite></div></blockquote> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Map_49_-_Croatia_-_Operation_Oluja,_4-8_August_1995.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Map_49_-_Croatia_-_Operation_Oluja%2C_4-8_August_1995.jpg/220px-Map_49_-_Croatia_-_Operation_Oluja%2C_4-8_August_1995.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="283" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Map_49_-_Croatia_-_Operation_Oluja%2C_4-8_August_1995.jpg/330px-Map_49_-_Croatia_-_Operation_Oluja%2C_4-8_August_1995.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Map_49_-_Croatia_-_Operation_Oluja%2C_4-8_August_1995.jpg/440px-Map_49_-_Croatia_-_Operation_Oluja%2C_4-8_August_1995.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2732" data-file-height="3518" /></a><figcaption>Map of <a href="/wiki/Operation_Storm" title="Operation Storm">Operation Storm</a></figcaption></figure> International peacemaking efforts continued, and a new peace plan called the <a href="/wiki/Z-4_plan" class="mw-redirect" title="Z-4 plan">Z-4 plan</a> was presented to Croatian and Krajina authorities. There was no initial Croatian response, and the Serbs flatly refused the proposal.<a href="#cite_note-260">[251]</a> As the deadline for UNPROFOR to pull out neared, a new UN peacekeeping mission was proposed with an increased mandate to patrol Croatia's internationally recognized borders. Initially the Serbs opposed the move, and tanks were moved from Serbia into eastern Croatia.<a href="#cite_note-NYTimes-UNCRO-Mar14-261">[252]</a> A settlement was finally reached, and the new UN peacekeeping mission was approved by <a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Security_Council_Resolution_981" title="United Nations Security Council Resolution 981">United Nations Security Council Resolution 981</a> on March 31. The name of the mission was the subject of a last-minute dispute, as Croatian Foreign Minister <a href="/wiki/Mate_Grani%C4%87" title="Mate Granić">Mate Granić</a> insisted that the word Croatia be added to the force's name. The name <a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Confidence_Restoration_Operation" class="mw-redirect" title="United Nations Confidence Restoration Operation">United Nations Confidence Restoration Operation in Croatia</a> (UNCRO) was approved.<a href="#cite_note-NYTimes-UNCRO-Mar31-262">[253]</a> Violence erupted again in early May 1995. The RSK lost support from the Serbian government in Belgrade, partly as a result of international pressure. At the same time, the Croatian <a href="/wiki/Operation_Flash" title="Operation Flash">Operation Flash</a> reclaimed all of the previously occupied territory in Western Slavonia.<a href="#cite_note-NYTimes-Flash-May2-50">[41]</a> In retaliation, Serb forces <a href="/wiki/Zagreb_rocket_attack" class="mw-redirect" title="Zagreb rocket attack">attacked Zagreb</a> with rockets, killing 7 and wounding over 200 civilians.<a href="#cite_note-263">[254]</a> The Yugoslav army responded to the offensive with a show of force, moving tanks towards the Croatian border, in an apparent effort to stave off a possible attack on the occupied area in Eastern Slavonia.<a href="#cite_note-NYTimes-Tanks-May7-264">[255]</a> During the following months, international efforts mainly concerned the largely unsuccessful <a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Safe_Areas" title="United Nations Safe Areas">United Nations Safe Areas</a> set up in Bosnia and Herzegovina and trying to set up a more lasting ceasefire in Croatia. The two issues virtually merged by July 1995 when a number of the safe areas in eastern Bosnia and Herzegovina were <a href="/wiki/Srebrenica_massacre" title="Srebrenica massacre">overrun</a> and one in <a href="/wiki/Biha%C4%87" title="Bihać">Bihać</a> was threatened.<a href="#cite_note-265">[256]</a> In 1994, Croatia had already signaled that it would not allow Bihać to be captured,<a href="#cite_note-Ramet-3Yugoslavias-452-144">[135]</a> and a new confidence in the Croatian military's ability to recapture occupied areas brought about a demand from Croatian authorities that no further ceasefires were to be negotiated; the occupied territories would be re-integrated into Croatia.<a href="#cite_note-LATimes-Analysis-Aug1-266">[257]</a> These developments and the <a href="/wiki/Washington_Agreement" title="Washington Agreement">Washington Agreement</a>, a ceasefire signed in the Bosnian theater, led to another meeting of presidents of Croatia and Bosnia and Herzegovina on 22 July, when the <a href="/wiki/Split_Agreement" title="Split Agreement">Split Agreement</a> was adopted. In it, Bosnia and Herzegovina invited Croatia to provide military and other assistance, particularly in the Bihać area. Croatia accepted, committing itself to an armed intervention.<a href="#cite_note-NYTimes-SplitDeclaration-23Jul1995-267">[258]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Martic-order1995.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/Martic-order1995.jpg/200px-Martic-order1995.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="284" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/Martic-order1995.jpg/300px-Martic-order1995.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/Martic-order1995.jpg/400px-Martic-order1995.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2472" data-file-height="3507" /></a><figcaption>The document issued by the Supreme Defense Council of the <a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Serbian_Krajina" title="Republic of Serbian Krajina">RSK</a> on 4 August 1995, ordering the evacuation of civilians from its territory</figcaption></figure> From 25 to 30 July, the Croatian Army and Croatian Defence Council (HVO) troops attacked Serb-held territory north of Mount <a href="/wiki/Dinara" title="Dinara">Dinara</a>, capturing <a href="/wiki/Bosansko_Grahovo" title="Bosansko Grahovo">Bosansko Grahovo</a> and <a href="/wiki/Glamo%C4%8D" title="Glamoč">Glamoč</a> during <a href="/wiki/Operation_Summer_%2795" title="Operation Summer '95">Operation Summer '95</a>. That offensive paved the way for the military recapture of occupied territory around Knin, as it severed the last efficient resupply route between Banja Luka and Knin.<a href="#cite_note-NYTimes-Summer95-30Jul1995-268">[259]</a> On 4 August, Croatia started <a href="/wiki/Operation_Storm" title="Operation Storm">Operation Storm</a>, with the aim of recapturing almost all of the occupied territory in Croatia, except for a comparatively small strip of land, located along the <a href="/wiki/Danube" title="Danube">Danube</a>, at a considerable distance from the bulk of the contested land. The offensive, involving 100,000 Croatian soldiers, was the largest single land battle fought in Europe since <a href="/wiki/World_War_II" title="World War II">World War II</a>.<a href="#cite_note-NYTimes-100000-Soldiers-269">[260]</a> Operation Storm achieved its goals and was declared completed on 8 August.<a href="#cite_note-LATimes-Storm-Complete-17">[12]</a> The Croatian human rights organization Hrvatski helsinški odbor, counted 677 Serb civilians killed by Croatian forces after Operation Storm, mostly old people who remained, while other Serb civilians fled.<a href="#cite_note-270">[261]</a> An additional 837 Serb civilians are listed as missing following Operation Storm.<a href="#cite_note-271">[262]</a> Other sources indicate a 181 more victims were killed by Croatian forces and buried in a mass grave in Mrkonjić Grad, following a continuation of the Operation Storm offensive into Bosnia.<a href="#cite_note-272">[263]</a><a href="#cite_note-273">[264]</a> Many of the civilian population of the occupied areas fled during the offensive or immediately after its completion, in what was later described in various terms ranging from expulsion to planned evacuation.<a href="#cite_note-LATimes-Storm-Complete-17">[12]</a> Krajina Serb sources (Documents of HQ of Civilian Protection of RSK, Supreme Council of Defense published by Kovačević,<a href="#cite_note-Kovačević_and_Linta93-94-274">[265]</a> Sekulić,<a href="#cite_note-275">[266]</a> and Vrcelj<a href="#cite_note-276">[267]</a>) say that the evacuation of Serbs was organized and planned beforehand.<a href="#cite_note-HJSociety-Knin-Evacuation-277">[268]</a>[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:NOTRS" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:NOTRS">better source needed</a>] According to <a href="/wiki/Amnesty_International" title="Amnesty International">Amnesty International</a>, "some 200,000 Croatian Serbs, including the entire Croatian Serb Army, fled to the neighbouring Federal Republic of Yugoslavia and areas of Bosnia and Herzegovina under Bosnian Serb control. In the aftermath of the operations members of the Croatian Army and police murdered, tortured, and forcibly expelled Croatian Serb civilians who had remained in the area as well as members of the withdrawing Croatian Serb armed forces".<a href="#cite_note-amnesty2005-278">[269]</a> The ICTY, on the other hand, concluded that only about 20,000 people were deported.<a href="#cite_note-gotovina_judgement-56">[47]</a> The <a href="/wiki/BBC" title="BBC">BBC</a> noted 200,000 Serb refugees at one point.<a href="#cite_note-storm_anniversary-279">[270]</a><a href="#cite_note-280">[271]</a> Croatian refugees exiled in 1991 were finally allowed to return to their homes. In 1996 alone, about 85,000 displaced Croats returned to the former Krajina and western Slavonia, according to the estimates of the <a href="/wiki/U.S._Committee_for_Refugees_and_Immigrants" title="U.S. Committee for Refugees and Immigrants">U.S. Committee for Refugees and Immigrants</a>.<a href="#cite_note-281">[272]</a> In the months that followed, there were still some intermittent, mainly artillery, attacks from Serb-held areas in Bosnia and Herzegovina on the Dubrovnik area and elsewhere.<a href="#cite_note-NYTimes-Dubrovnik-Artillery-17Aug95-13">[9]</a> The remaining Serb-held area in Croatia, in <a href="/wiki/Eastern_Slavonia,_Baranja_and_Western_Syrmia_(1995%E2%80%9398)" class="mw-redirect" title="Eastern Slavonia, Baranja and Western Syrmia (1995–98)">Eastern Slavonia</a>, was faced with the possibility of military confrontation with Croatia. Such a possibility was repeatedly stated by Tuđman after Storm.<a href="#cite_note-NYTimes-Slavonia-retaking-27Aug95-282">[273]</a> The threat was underlined by the movement of troops to the region in mid-October,<a href="#cite_note-NYTimes-Slavonia-troops-15Oct95-283">[274]</a> as well as a repeat of an earlier threat to intervene militarily—specifically saying that the Croatian Army could intervene if no peace agreement was reached by the end of the month.<a href="#cite_note-NYTimes-Slavonia-intervention-15Oct95-284">[275]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Reintegration_of_Eastern_Slavonia">Reintegration of Eastern Slavonia</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Croatian_War_of_Independence&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Reintegration of Eastern Slavonia">edit</a>]</div> Further combat was averted on 12 November when the <a href="/wiki/Erdut_Agreement" title="Erdut Agreement">Erdut Agreement</a> was signed by the RSK acting defense minister Milan Milanović,<a href="#cite_note-NYTimes-ErdutAgr-12Nov95-18">[13]</a><a href="#cite_note-USIP-Erdut-Agreement-285">[276]</a> on instructions received from Slobodan Milošević and Federal Republic of Yugoslavia officials.<a href="#cite_note-COE-CroatiaReport-Milanović-286">[277]</a><a href="#cite_note-ICTY-Milošević-trial-Milanović-287">[278]</a> The agreement stated that the remaining occupied area was to be returned to Croatia, with a two-year transitional period.<a href="#cite_note-NYTimes-ErdutAgr-12Nov95-18">[13]</a> The new UN transitional administration was established as the <a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Transitional_Authority_for_Eastern_Slavonia,_Baranja_and_Western_Sirmium" class="mw-redirect" title="United Nations Transitional Authority for Eastern Slavonia, Baranja and Western Sirmium">United Nations Transitional Authority for Eastern Slavonia, Baranja and Western Sirmium</a> (UNTAES) by <a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Security_Council_Resolution_1037" title="United Nations Security Council Resolution 1037">United Nations Security Council Resolution 1037</a> of 15 January 1996.<a href="#cite_note-UN_SRES10371996-288">[279]</a> The agreement also guarantees the right of establishment of a <a href="/wiki/Joint_Council_of_Municipalities" title="Joint Council of Municipalities">Joint Council of Municipalities</a> for the local Serbian community. The transitional period was subsequently extended by a year. On 15 January 1998, the UNTAES mandate ended and Croatia regained full control of the area.<a href="#cite_note-NYTimes-UNTAES-16Jan98-24">[17]</a> As the UNTAES replaced the UNCRO mission, the Prevlaka peninsula, previously under UNCRO control, was put under the control of <a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Mission_of_Observers_in_Prevlaka" title="United Nations Mission of Observers in Prevlaka">United Nations Mission of Observers in Prevlaka</a> (UNMOP). The UNMOP was established by <a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Security_Council_Resolution_1038" title="United Nations Security Council Resolution 1038">United Nations Security Council Resolution 1038</a> of 15 January 1996, and terminated on 15 December 2002.<a href="#cite_note-UN-UNMOP-Background-224">[215]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notable_defections">Notable defections</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Croatian_War_of_Independence&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Notable defections">edit</a>]</div> On 25 October 1991, <a href="/wiki/Yugoslav_Air_Force" title="Yugoslav Air Force">Yugoslav Air Force</a> pilot <a href="/wiki/Rudolf_Pere%C5%A1in" title="Rudolf Perešin">Rudolf Perešin</a> flew his <a href="/wiki/MiG-21" class="mw-redirect" title="MiG-21">MiG-21R</a> to <a href="/wiki/Austria" title="Austria">Austria</a> and defected.<a href="#cite_note-:0-289">[280]</a><a href="#cite_note-:1-290">[281]</a> He later fought on behalf of <a href="/wiki/Croatian_Air_Force" title="Croatian Air Force">Croatian forces</a> in the war, ultimately dying after being shot down in 1995.<a href="#cite_note-:0-289">[280]</a> On 4 February 1992, air force pilot <a href="/w/index.php?title=Danijel_Borovi%C4%87&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Danijel Borović (page does not exist)">Danijel Borović</a> [<a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Danijel_Borovi%C4%87" class="extiw" title="sh:Danijel Borović">sh</a>] flew his <a href="/wiki/MiG-21" class="mw-redirect" title="MiG-21">MiG-21bis</a> to <a href="/wiki/Croatia" title="Croatia">Croatia</a> and defected.<a href="#cite_note-:1-290">[281]</a> He later fought on behalf of Croatian forces in the war. The MiG-21bis itself was later shot down on 24 June 1992, killing pilot <a href="/w/index.php?title=Anto_Rado%C5%A1&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Anto Radoš (page does not exist)">Anto Radoš</a> [<a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anto_Rado%C5%A1" class="extiw" title="sh:Anto Radoš">sh</a>]. On 15 May 1992, air force pilots <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ivica_Ivandi%C4%87&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ivica Ivandić (page does not exist)">Ivica Ivandić</a> [<a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ivica_Ivandi%C4%87" class="extiw" title="sh:Ivica Ivandić">sh</a>] and <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ivan_Selak&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ivan Selak (page does not exist)">Ivan Selak</a> [<a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ivan_Selak" class="extiw" title="sh:Ivan Selak">sh</a>] flew their <a href="/wiki/MiG-21" class="mw-redirect" title="MiG-21">MiG-21bis</a> to <a href="/wiki/Croatia" title="Croatia">Croatia</a> and defected.<a href="#cite_note-291">[282]</a> Both later fought on behalf of Croatian forces in the war and survived. Ivandić's MiG-21bis was shot down on 14 September 1993, killing pilot <a href="/w/index.php?title=Miroslav_Peris&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Miroslav Peris (page does not exist)">Miroslav Peris</a> [<a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Miroslav_Peris" class="extiw" title="sh:Miroslav Peris">sh</a>]. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Impact_and_aftermath">Impact and aftermath</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Croatian_War_of_Independence&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: Impact and aftermath">edit</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Assessment_of_type_and_name_of_the_war">Assessment of type and name of the war</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Croatian_War_of_Independence&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: Assessment of type and name of the war">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Strin%C4%87jera.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Strin%C4%87jera.jpg/220px-Strin%C4%87jera.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Strin%C4%87jera.jpg/330px-Strin%C4%87jera.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Strin%C4%87jera.jpg/440px-Strin%C4%87jera.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="960" /></a><figcaption>Monument to the defenders of Dubrovnik, 2009</figcaption></figure> The standard term applied to the war as directly translated from Croatian is Homeland war (<a href="/wiki/Croatian_language" title="Croatian language">Croatian</a>: Domovinski rat),<a href="#cite_note-HRV-name-CWI-292">[283]</a> while the term Croatian War of Independence is also used.<a href="#cite_note-293">[284]</a><a href="#cite_note-NYT-name-CWI-294">[285]</a><a href="#cite_note-BBC-name-CWI-295">[286]</a><a href="#cite_note-296">[287]</a> Early English sources also called it the War in Croatia, the Serbo-Croatian War,[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a>] and the Conflict in Yugoslavia.<a href="#cite_note-NYTimes-Suspension-29June1991-3">[3]</a><a href="#cite_note-B92-RUH-35">[27]</a> Different translations of the Croatian name for the war are also sometimes used, such as Patriotic War, although such use by native speakers of English is rare.<a href="#cite_note-HRV-name-PatWar-297">[288]</a> The official term used in Croatian is the most widespread name used in Croatia but other terms are also used. Another is Greater-Serbian Aggression (<a href="/wiki/Croatian_language" title="Croatian language">Croatian</a>: Velikosrpska agresija). The term was widely used by the media during the war, and is still sometimes used by the Croatian media, politicians and others.<a href="#cite_note-HRV-name-VSA-Bilandžija-34">[26]</a><a href="#cite_note-298">[289]</a><a href="#cite_note-B92-name-GSA-299">[290]</a> Two views exist as to whether the war was a <a href="/wiki/Civil_war" title="Civil war">civil</a> or an <a href="/wiki/Armed_conflict" class="mw-redirect" title="Armed conflict">international</a> war. The government of Serbia often states that it was entirely a "civil war".<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBjelajac_et_al.2009238–239-300">[291]</a><a href="#cite_note-301">[292]</a> The prevailing view in Croatia and of most international law experts, including the <a href="/wiki/International_Criminal_Tribunal_for_the_former_Yugoslavia" title="International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia">ICTY</a>, is that the war was an international conflict, between the rump Yugoslavia and Serbia against Croatia, supported by Serbs in Croatia.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBjelajac_et_al.2009238–241-302">[293]</a><a href="#cite_note-303">[294]</a><a href="#cite_note-304">[295]</a> The Croatian international legal scholar and <a href="/wiki/Yale_University" title="Yale University">Yale University</a> professor, <a href="/wiki/Mirjan_Dama%C5%A1ka" title="Mirjan Damaška">Mirjan Damaška</a>, said that the question of aggression was not one for the ICJ to decide as at the time of the verdict, the international crime of aggression had not yet been defined.<a href="#cite_note-305">[296]</a> Neither Croatia nor Yugoslavia ever formally <a href="/wiki/Declaration_of_war" title="Declaration of war">declared war</a> on each other.<a href="#cite_note-NYT-undeclared-08Jan1992-306">[297]</a> Unlike the Serbian position that the conflict need not be declared as it was a civil war,<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBjelajac_et_al.2009238–239-300">[291]</a> the Croatian motivation for not declaring war was that Tuđman believed that Croatia could not confront the JNA directly and did everything to avoid an all-out war.<a href="#cite_note-307">[298]</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1244412712"><blockquote class="templatequote">All acts and omissions charged as Grave Breaches of the Geneva Conventions of 1949 occurred during the international armed conflict and partial occupation of Croatia. ... Displaced persons were not allowed to return to their homes and those few Croats and other non-Serbs who had remained in the Serb-occupied areas were expelled in the following months. The territory of the RSK remained under Serb occupation until large portions of it were retaken by Croatian forces in two operations in 1995. The remaining area of Serb control in Eastern Slavonia was peacefully re-integrated into Croatia in 1998.<a href="#cite_note-308">[299]</a><div class="templatequotecite">— <cite>ICTY's indictment against Milošević</cite></div></blockquote> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Casualties_and_refugees">Casualties and refugees</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Croatian_War_of_Independence&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: Casualties and refugees">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Vukovar_Memorial_Cemetery_%E2%80%93_Eternal_Flame,_20150429160745.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Vukovar_Memorial_Cemetery_%E2%80%93_Eternal_Flame%2C_20150429160745.jpg/220px-Vukovar_Memorial_Cemetery_%E2%80%93_Eternal_Flame%2C_20150429160745.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Vukovar_Memorial_Cemetery_%E2%80%93_Eternal_Flame%2C_20150429160745.jpg/330px-Vukovar_Memorial_Cemetery_%E2%80%93_Eternal_Flame%2C_20150429160745.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Vukovar_Memorial_Cemetery_%E2%80%93_Eternal_Flame%2C_20150429160745.jpg/440px-Vukovar_Memorial_Cemetery_%E2%80%93_Eternal_Flame%2C_20150429160745.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1728" data-file-height="1152" /></a><figcaption>War memorial containing 938 graves of victims of the siege of Vukovar</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Stajicevo_Livade-stables.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/Stajicevo_Livade-stables.jpg/220px-Stajicevo_Livade-stables.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="100" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/Stajicevo_Livade-stables.jpg/330px-Stajicevo_Livade-stables.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/Stajicevo_Livade-stables.jpg/440px-Stajicevo_Livade-stables.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1932" data-file-height="878" /></a><figcaption>The former <a href="/wiki/Staji%C4%87evo_camp" title="Stajićevo camp">Stajićevo camp</a> in Serbia, where Croatian prisoners of war and civilians were kept by Serbian authorities</figcaption></figure> Most sources place the total number of deaths from the war at around 20,000.<a href="#cite_note-autogenerated3-52">[43]</a><a href="#cite_note-setimes1-309">[300]</a><a href="#cite_note-tehrantimes1-310">[301]</a> According to the head of the Croatian Commission for Missing Persons, Colonel Ivan Grujić, Croatia suffered 12,000 killed or missing, including 6,788 soldiers and 4,508 civilians.<a href="#cite_note-Ivan_Grujic-311">[302]</a> Another source gives a figure of 14,000 killed on the Croatian side, of whom 43.4% were civilians.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEFink2010469-312">[303]</a> Official figures from 1996 also list 35,000 wounded.<a href="#cite_note-Darko_Zubrinic-33">[25]</a> <a href="/wiki/Ivo_Goldstein" title="Ivo Goldstein">Ivo Goldstein</a> mentions 13,583 killed or missing,<a href="#cite_note-Goldstein256-313">[304]</a> while Anglo-Croatian historian <a href="/wiki/Marko_Attila_Hoare" title="Marko Attila Hoare">Marko Attila Hoare</a> reports the number to be 15,970<a href="#cite_note-Genocide_in_Bosnia_and_the_failure_of_international_justice-314">[305]</a> (citing figures from January 2003 presented by scientific researcher Dražen Živić).<a href="#cite_note-315">[306]</a> Close to 2,400 persons were reported missing during the war.<a href="#cite_note-316">[307]</a> In 2018, the Croatian Memorial-Documentation Center of Homeland War published new figures, indicating 22,211 killed or missing in the war: 15,007 killed or missing on the Croatian side and 7,204 killed or missing on the Serb side. 1,077 of those killed on the territories of the Republic of Serbian Krajina were non-Serbs.<a href="#cite_note-Enis_Zebic-28">[20]</a> However, on Croatian government-controlled territory, the Center did not break-out the ethnic structure of the total number of 5,657 civilians killed, due to missing data.<a href="#cite_note-317">[308]</a> As of 2016, the Croatian government listed 1,993 missing persons from the war, of whom 1093 were Croats (428 soldiers and 665 civilians), while the remaining 900 were Serbs (5 soldiers and 895 civilians).<a href="#cite_note-318">[309]</a><a href="#cite_note-319">[310]</a> As of 2009, there were more than 52,000 persons in Croatia registered as disabled due to their participation in the war.<a href="#cite_note-320">[311]</a> This figure includes not only those disabled physically due to wounds or injuries sustained, but also persons whose health deteriorated due to their involvement in the war, including diagnoses of chronic diseases such as <a href="/wiki/Cardiovascular_disease" title="Cardiovascular disease">cardiovascular disease</a>, as well as <a href="/wiki/Posttraumatic_stress_disorder" class="mw-redirect" title="Posttraumatic stress disorder">posttraumatic stress disorder</a> (PTSD).<a href="#cite_note-321">[312]</a> In 2010, the number of war-related PTSD-diagnosed persons was 32,000.<a href="#cite_note-322">[313]</a> In total, the war caused 500,000 refugees and displaced persons.<a href="#cite_note-323">[314]</a> Around 196,000<a href="#cite_note-HRW-196000-324">[315]</a> to 247,000 (in 1993)<a href="#cite_note-hri-325">[316]</a> Croats and other non-Serbs were displaced during the war from or around the RSK. The <a href="/wiki/Organization_for_Security_and_Co-operation_in_Europe" title="Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe">Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe</a> (OSCE) said that 221,000 were displaced in 2006, of which 218,000 had returned.<a href="#cite_note-ictj-326">[317]</a> Up to 300,000 Croats were displaced, according to other sources.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEPhuong2005157-29">[21]</a> The majority were displaced during the initial fighting and during the JNA offensives of 1991 and 1992.<a href="#cite_note-NYT-UNPROFOR-Expulsions92-219">[210]</a><a href="#cite_note-327">[318]</a> On 16 March 1994, Croatia registered 492,636 displaced or refugees on its territory (241,014 persons from Croatia itself and 251,622 from Bosnia and Herzegovina), an estimated 10% of the country's population.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESchaller1996894-328">[319]</a> Some 150,000 Croats from Republika Srpska and Serbia have obtained Croatian citizenship since 1991,<a href="#cite_note-Dominelli163-329">[320]</a> many due to incidents like the <a href="/wiki/Expulsions_in_Hrtkovci" class="mw-redirect" title="Expulsions in Hrtkovci">expulsions in Hrtkovci</a>.<a href="#cite_note-330">[321]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Sunja_(Croatia).JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Sunja_%28Croatia%29.JPG/220px-Sunja_%28Croatia%29.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="156" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Sunja_%28Croatia%29.JPG/330px-Sunja_%28Croatia%29.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Sunja_%28Croatia%29.JPG/440px-Sunja_%28Croatia%29.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2476" data-file-height="1756" /></a><figcaption>Destroyed Serbian house in Croatia. Most Serbs were displaced during <a href="/wiki/Operation_Storm" title="Operation Storm">Operation Storm</a> in 1995.</figcaption></figure> The Belgrade-based non-government organization Veritas lists 7,134 killed and missing from the Republic of Serbian Krajina, including 4,484 combatants and 2,650 civilians, and 307 JNA members who were not born or lived in Croatia. Most of them were killed or went missing in 1991 (2,729) and 1995 (2,348). The most deaths occurred in Northern Dalmatia (1,605).<a href="#cite_note-veritas-30">[22]</a> The JNA has officially acknowledged 1,279 killed in action. The actual number was probably considerably greater, since casualties were consistently underreported. In one example, official reports spoke of two slightly wounded soldiers after an engagement, however, according to the unit's intelligence officer, the actual number was 50 killed and 150 wounded.<a href="#cite_note-Meštrović77-31">[23]</a><a href="#cite_note-331">[322]</a> According to Serbian sources, some 120,000 Serbs were displaced from 1991 to 1993, and 250,000 were displaced after Operation Storm.<a href="#cite_note-332">[323]</a> The number of displaced Serbs was 254,000 in 1993,<a href="#cite_note-hri-325">[316]</a> dropping to 97,000 in the early 1995<a href="#cite_note-HRW-196000-324">[315]</a> and then increasing again to 200,000 by the end of the year. Most international sources place the total number of Serbs displaced at around 300,000. According to Amnesty International 300,000 were displaced from 1991 to 1995, of which 117,000 were officially registered as having returned as of 2005.<a href="#cite_note-amnesty2005-278">[269]</a> According to the OSCE, 300,000 were displaced during the war, of which 120,000 were officially registered as having returned as of 2006. However, it is believed the number does not accurately reflect the number of returnees, because many returned to Serbia, Montenegro, or Bosnia and Herzegovina after officially registering in Croatia.<a href="#cite_note-ictj-326">[317]</a> According to the UNHCR in 2008, 125,000 were registered as having returned to Croatia, of whom 55,000 remained permanently.<a href="#cite_note-333">[324]</a> While the prewar 1991 Croatian census counted 581,663 Serbs, or 12.2% of the population in Croatia,<a href="#cite_note-334">[325]</a> the first postwar 2001 census showed only 201,631 Serbs remaining in Croatia, or just 4.5% of the population. The <a href="/wiki/Croatian_Association_of_Prisoners_in_Serbian_Concentration_Camps" title="Croatian Association of Prisoners in Serbian Concentration Camps">Croatian Association of Prisoners in Serbian Concentration Camps</a> and <a href="/wiki/Croatian_Disabled_Homeland_War_Veterans_Association" class="mw-redirect" title="Croatian Disabled Homeland War Veterans Association">Croatian Disabled Homeland War Veterans Association</a> were founded to help victims of prison abuse.<a href="#cite_note-335">[326]</a><a href="#cite_note-336">[327]</a> A 2013 report by the <a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Development_Programme" title="United Nations Development Programme">United Nations Development Programme</a> (UNDP) in Croatia entitled 'Assessment of the Number of Sexual Violence Victims during the Homeland War on the Territory of the Republic of Croatia and Optimal Forms of Compensation and Support of Victims', determined the estimated victims (male and female) of <a href="/wiki/Rape" title="Rape">rape</a> and other forms of <a href="/wiki/Sexual_assault" title="Sexual assault">sexual assault</a> on both sides to number between approximately 1,470 and 2,205 or 1,501 and 2,437 victims.<a href="#cite_note-UNDP_Sexual_Violence-337">[328]</a> Most victims were non-Serbs assaulted by Serbs.<a href="#cite_note-UNDP_Sexual_Violence-337">[328]</a> By region, the largest number of rapes and acts of sexual violence occurred in Eastern Slavonia, with an estimated 380-570 victims.<a href="#cite_note-UNDP_Sexual_Violence-337">[328]</a> According to the UNDP report, between 300 and 600 men (4.4%-6.6% of those imprisoned) and between 279 and 466 women (or 30%-50% of those imprisoned) suffered from various forms of sexual abuse while being held in Serbian detention camps and prisons (including those in Serbia proper).<a href="#cite_note-UNDP_Sexual_Violence-337">[328]</a> Between 412 and 611 Croat women were raped in the Serb-occupied territories, outside of detention camps, from 1991 to 1995.<a href="#cite_note-UNDP_Sexual_Violence-337">[328]</a> Croat forces were also known to have committed rapes and acts of sexual violence against Serb women during Operations <a href="/wiki/Operation_Flash" title="Operation Flash">Flash</a> and <a href="/wiki/Operation_Storm" title="Operation Storm">Storm</a>, with an estimated 94-140 victims.<a href="#cite_note-UNDP_Sexual_Violence-337">[328]</a> Sexual abuse of Serb prisoners also occurred in the Croat-run <a href="/wiki/Lora_prison_camp" title="Lora prison camp">Lora</a> and <a href="/wiki/Kerestinec_camp" class="mw-redirect" title="Kerestinec camp">Kerestinec</a> camps.<a href="#cite_note-UNDP_Sexual_Violence-337">[328]</a> On May 29, 2015, the Croatian parliament passed the first law in the country that recognises rape as a war crime – the Law on the Rights of Victims of Sexual Violence during the Military Aggression against the Republic of Croatia in the Homeland War.<a href="#cite_note-BIRN_Rape_Survivors-338">[329]</a> The legislation, which is overseen by the Croatian War Veterans’ Ministry, provides victims with medical and legal aid as well as financial compensation from the state – up to 20,000 euros. These benefits do not depend on a court verdict.<a href="#cite_note-BIRN_Rape_Survivors-338">[329]</a> As of May 2019, Željka Žokalj from the War Veterans’ Ministry, said that around 25 million kunas (3.37 million euros) have already been awarded to victims. Since 2015, 249 compensation requests have been filed and 156 of them approved.<a href="#cite_note-BIRN_Rape_Survivors-338">[329]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Wartime_damage_and_minefields">Wartime damage and minefields</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Croatian_War_of_Independence&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: Wartime damage and minefields">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information: <a href="/wiki/Minefields_in_Croatia" title="Minefields in Croatia">Minefields in Croatia</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Osijek-2.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Osijek-2.JPG/220px-Osijek-2.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Osijek-2.JPG/330px-Osijek-2.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Osijek-2.JPG/440px-Osijek-2.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2816" data-file-height="2112" /></a><figcaption>Bombardment damage in Osijek</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:NE_PRILAZITE_-_NA_OVOM_PODRUCJU_JE_VELIKA_OPASNOST_OD_MINA_(Hrvatska,_7_Travanj_2007).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/NE_PRILAZITE_-_NA_OVOM_PODRUCJU_JE_VELIKA_OPASNOST_OD_MINA_%28Hrvatska%2C_7_Travanj_2007%29.jpg/220px-NE_PRILAZITE_-_NA_OVOM_PODRUCJU_JE_VELIKA_OPASNOST_OD_MINA_%28Hrvatska%2C_7_Travanj_2007%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/NE_PRILAZITE_-_NA_OVOM_PODRUCJU_JE_VELIKA_OPASNOST_OD_MINA_%28Hrvatska%2C_7_Travanj_2007%29.jpg/330px-NE_PRILAZITE_-_NA_OVOM_PODRUCJU_JE_VELIKA_OPASNOST_OD_MINA_%28Hrvatska%2C_7_Travanj_2007%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/NE_PRILAZITE_-_NA_OVOM_PODRUCJU_JE_VELIKA_OPASNOST_OD_MINA_%28Hrvatska%2C_7_Travanj_2007%29.jpg/440px-NE_PRILAZITE_-_NA_OVOM_PODRUCJU_JE_VELIKA_OPASNOST_OD_MINA_%28Hrvatska%2C_7_Travanj_2007%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2816" data-file-height="2112" /></a><figcaption>A standard minefield marking</figcaption></figure> Official figures on wartime damage published in Croatia in 1996 specify 180,000 destroyed housing units, 25% of the Croatian economy destroyed, and US$27 billion of material damage.<a href="#cite_note-Darko_Zubrinic-33">[25]</a> Europe Review 2003/04 estimated the war damage at US$37 billion in damaged infrastructure, lost <a href="/wiki/Output_(economics)" title="Output (economics)">economic output</a>, and refugee-related costs, while GDP dropped 21% in the period.<a href="#cite_note-Europe-Review-2003-51">[42]</a> 15 percent of housing units and 2,423 cultural heritage structures, including 495 sacral structures, were destroyed or damaged.<a href="#cite_note-Vjesnik-Damage-2010-339">[330]</a> The war imposed an additional economic burden of very high military expenditures. By 1994, as Croatia rapidly developed into a de facto war economy, the military consumed as much as 60 percent of total government spending.<a href="#cite_note-340">[331]</a> Yugoslav and Serbian expenditures during the war were even more disproportionate. The federal budget proposal for 1992 earmarked 81 percent of funds to be diverted into the Serbian war effort.<a href="#cite_note-341">[332]</a> Since a substantial part of the federal budgets prior to 1992 was provided by Slovenia and Croatia, the most developed republics of Yugoslavia, a lack of federal income quickly led to desperate printing of money to finance government operations. That in turn produced the worst episode of <a href="/wiki/Hyperinflation" title="Hyperinflation">hyperinflation</a> in history: Between October 1993 and January 1995, Yugoslavia, which then consisted of Serbia and Montenegro, suffered through a hyperinflation of five <a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/quadrillion" class="extiw" title="wikt:quadrillion">quadrillion</a> percent.<a href="#cite_note-342">[333]</a><a href="#cite_note-343">[334]</a> Many Croatian cities were attacked by artillery, missiles, and aircraft bombs by RSK or JNA forces from RSK or Serb-controlled areas in Bosnia and Herzegovina, as well as Montenegro and Serbia. The most shelled cities were Vukovar, Slavonski Brod (from the mountain of <a href="/w/index.php?title=Vu%C4%8Djak_(mountain)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Vučjak (mountain) (page does not exist)">Vučjak</a>),<a href="#cite_note-344">[335]</a> and <a href="/wiki/%C5%BDupanja" title="Županja">Županja</a> (for more than 1,000 days),<a href="#cite_note-zupanja-345">[336]</a> Vinkovci, Osijek, <a href="/wiki/Nova_Gradi%C5%A1ka" title="Nova Gradiška">Nova Gradiška</a>, <a href="/wiki/Novska" title="Novska">Novska</a>, <a href="/wiki/Daruvar" title="Daruvar">Daruvar</a>, Pakrac, Šibenik, <a href="/wiki/Sisak" title="Sisak">Sisak</a>, Dubrovnik, Zadar, Gospić, Karlovac, <a href="/wiki/Biograd_na_moru" class="mw-redirect" title="Biograd na moru">Biograd na moru</a>, <a href="/wiki/Slavonski_%C5%A0amac" title="Slavonski Šamac">Slavonski Šamac</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ogulin" title="Ogulin">Ogulin</a>, <a href="/wiki/Duga_Resa" title="Duga Resa">Duga Resa</a>, <a href="/wiki/Oto%C4%8Dac" title="Otočac">Otočac</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ilok" title="Ilok">Ilok</a>, <a href="/wiki/Beli_Manastir" title="Beli Manastir">Beli Manastir</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lu%C4%8Dko" title="Lučko">Lučko</a>, Zagreb, and others<a href="#cite_note-346">[337]</a><a href="#cite_note-347">[338]</a><a href="#cite_note-348">[339]</a> Slavonski Brod was never directly attacked by tanks or infantry, but the city and its surrounding villages were hit by more than 11,600 artillery shells and 130 aircraft bombs in 1991 and 1992.<a href="#cite_note-349">[340]</a> Approximately 2 million mines were laid in various areas of Croatia during the war. Most of the <a href="/wiki/Minefields_in_Croatia" title="Minefields in Croatia">minefields</a> were laid with no pattern or any type of record being made of the position of the mines.<a href="#cite_note-350">[341]</a> A decade after the war, in 2005, there were still about 250,000 mines buried along the former front lines, along some segments of the international borders, especially near Bihać, and around some former JNA facilities.<a href="#cite_note-Hanson-96-351">[342]</a> As of 2007, the area still containing or suspected of containing mines encompassed approximately 1,000 square kilometers (390 sq mi).<a href="#cite_note-352">[343]</a> More than 1,900 people were killed or injured by land mines in Croatia since the beginning of the war, including more than 500 killed or injured by mines after the end of the war.<a href="#cite_note-353">[344]</a> Between 1998 and 2005, Croatia spent €214 million on various mine action programs.<a href="#cite_note-354">[345]</a> As of 2009, all remaining minefields are clearly marked.<a href="#cite_note-EUObserver-mines-2009-355">[346]</a> During the 2015 European migrant crisis, there existed concerns over areas where mines could affect the flow of refugees coming from Serbia to Croatia.<a href="#cite_note-bbc.com_2015-09-16-356">[347]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="War_crimes_and_the_ICTY">War crimes and the ICTY</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Croatian_War_of_Independence&action=edit&section=23" title="Edit section: War crimes and the ICTY">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information: <a href="/wiki/International_Criminal_Tribunal_for_the_former_Yugoslavia" title="International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia">International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia</a> and <a href="/wiki/List_of_indictees_of_the_International_Criminal_Tribunal_for_the_former_Yugoslavia" class="mw-redirect" title="List of indictees of the International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia">List of indictees of the International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia</a></div> The <a href="/wiki/International_Criminal_Tribunal_for_the_former_Yugoslavia" title="International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia">International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia</a> (ICTY) was established by <a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Security_Council_Resolution_827" title="United Nations Security Council Resolution 827">UN Security Council Resolution 827</a>, which was passed on 25 May 1993. The court has power to prosecute persons responsible for serious violations of <a href="/wiki/International_humanitarian_law" title="International humanitarian law">international humanitarian law</a>, breaches of the <a href="/wiki/Geneva_Conventions" title="Geneva Conventions">Geneva Conventions</a>, violating the <a href="/wiki/Laws_of_war" class="mw-redirect" title="Laws of war">laws or customs of war</a>, committing <a href="/wiki/Genocide" title="Genocide">genocide</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Crime_against_humanity" class="mw-redirect" title="Crime against humanity">crimes against humanity</a> committed in the territory of the former SFR Yugoslavia since 1 January 1991.<a href="#cite_note-357">[348]</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1244412712"><blockquote class="templatequote">Between 1991 and 1995, Martić held positions of minister of interior, minister of defense and president of the self-proclaimed "Serbian Autonomous Region of Krajina" (SAO Krajina), which was later renamed "Republic of Serbian Krajina" (RSK). He was found to have participated during this period in a <a href="/wiki/Joint_criminal_enterprise" title="Joint criminal enterprise">joint criminal enterprise</a> which included Slobodan Milošević, whose aim was to create a unified Serbian state through commission of a widespread and systematic campaign of crimes against non-Serbs inhabiting areas in Croatia and Bosnia and Herzegovina envisaged to become parts of such a state.<a href="#cite_note-icty_martic-55">[46]</a><div class="templatequotecite">— <cite>International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia, in its verdict against Milan Martić</cite></div></blockquote> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Castle_Eltz_Vukovar4.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Castle_Eltz_Vukovar4.JPG/220px-Castle_Eltz_Vukovar4.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Castle_Eltz_Vukovar4.JPG/330px-Castle_Eltz_Vukovar4.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Castle_Eltz_Vukovar4.JPG/440px-Castle_Eltz_Vukovar4.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2816" data-file-height="2112" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Eltz_Manor" title="Eltz Manor">Castle Eltz</a> after the <a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Vukovar" class="mw-redirect" title="Siege of Vukovar">Siege of Vukovar</a></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Milan_Martic_ICTY.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4b/Milan_Martic_ICTY.png" decoding="async" width="120" height="130" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="120" data-file-height="130" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Milan_Martic" class="mw-redirect" title="Milan Martic">Milan Martic</a> during trial at the International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia</figcaption></figure> By the time of the last verdict delivered in 2023, the ICTY has convicted nine officials from the Serb/Montenegrin side and nobody from the Croatian side. The Serb officials were convicted for <a href="/wiki/War_crime" title="War crime">war crimes</a> and <a href="/wiki/Crimes_against_humanity" title="Crimes against humanity">crimes against humanity</a>, including <a href="/wiki/Murder" title="Murder">murder</a>, torture, <a href="/wiki/Persecution" title="Persecution">persecutions</a> on political, racial and religious grounds, cruel treatment, <a href="/wiki/Imprisonment" title="Imprisonment">imprisonment</a>, <a href="/wiki/Deportation" title="Deportation">deportation</a>, <a href="/wiki/Looting" title="Looting">plunder</a> of public or private property, wanton destruction of villages or devastation not justified by military necessity, inhumane acts, and attacks on civilians.<a href="#cite_note-icty_martic-55">[46]</a> <a href="/wiki/Milan_Marti%C4%87" title="Milan Martić">Milan Martić</a> received the largest sentence: 35 years in prison.<a href="#cite_note-358">[349]</a> <a href="/wiki/Milan_Babi%C4%87" title="Milan Babić">Milan Babić</a> received 13 years. He expressed remorse for his role in the war, asking his "Croat brothers to forgive him".<a href="#cite_note-359">[350]</a> Two Yugoslav army officers were sentenced for the Vukovar massacre; <a href="/wiki/Veselin_%C5%A0ljivan%C4%8Danin" title="Veselin Šljivančanin">Veselin Šljivančanin</a> was sentenced to 10 years and <a href="/wiki/Mile_Mrk%C5%A1i%C4%87" title="Mile Mrkšić">Mile Mrkšić</a> to 20 years in prison.<a href="#cite_note-Mrksic_sentence-360">[351]</a> Yugoslav Army officials <a href="/wiki/Pavle_Strugar" title="Pavle Strugar">Pavle Strugar</a> and <a href="/wiki/Miodrag_Joki%C4%87" title="Miodrag Jokić">Miodrag Jokić</a> were sentenced to eight and seven years, respectively, for shelling the Old Town of Dubrovnik, a <a href="/wiki/World_Heritage_Site" title="World Heritage Site">World Heritage Site</a>.<a href="#cite_note-361">[352]</a> A third indictee, <a href="/wiki/Vladimir_Kova%C4%8Devi%C4%87_(military_officer)" title="Vladimir Kovačević (military officer)">Vladimir Kovačević</a>, was declared mentally unfit to stand trial.<a href="#cite_note-362">[353]</a> In 2018, <a href="/wiki/Vojislav_%C5%A0e%C5%A1elj" title="Vojislav Šešelj">Vojislav Šešelj</a> was sentenced to 10 years for crimes against humanity perpetrated through <a href="/wiki/Persecution" title="Persecution">persecution</a> and <a href="/wiki/Deportation" title="Deportation">deportation</a> of <a href="/wiki/Persecution_of_Croats_in_Serbia_during_Yugoslav_Wars" class="mw-redirect" title="Persecution of Croats in Serbia during Yugoslav Wars">Croats from Vojvodina in 1992</a>,<a href="#cite_note-363">[354]</a> while he was also given an additional cumulative sentence of 4 years and 9 months for contempt of court.<a href="#cite_note-364">[355]</a> Vukovar's mayor, <a href="/wiki/Slavko_Dokmanovi%C4%87" title="Slavko Dokmanović">Slavko Dokmanović</a>, was brought to trial at the ICTY, but committed suicide in 1998 in captivity before the judgement.<a href="#cite_note-365">[356]</a> The Yugoslav Army's <a href="/wiki/Chief_of_General_Staff_of_the_Yugoslav_Army" class="mw-redirect" title="Chief of General Staff of the Yugoslav Army">Chief of the General Staff</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mom%C4%8Dilo_Peri%C5%A1i%C4%87" title="Momčilo Perišić">Momčilo Perišić</a>, was eventually acquitted on all charges.<a href="#cite_note-366">[357]</a> Ex-RSK President <a href="/wiki/Goran_Had%C5%BEi%C4%87" title="Goran Hadžić">Goran Hadžić</a> died during the trial. Slobodan Milošević was indicted for war crimes in Croatia, Bosnia and Herzegovina and Kosovo, but died before the judgement.<a href="#cite_note-autogenerated4-367">[358]</a> According to the ICTY, Serb forces from the SAO Krajina deported at least 80–100,000 Croats and other non-Serb civilians in 1991–92.<a href="#cite_note-368">[359]</a> In 2023, the follow-up <a href="/wiki/International_Residual_Mechanism_for_Criminal_Tribunals" title="International Residual Mechanism for Criminal Tribunals">International Residual Mechanism for Criminal Tribunals</a> sentenced <a href="/wiki/State_Security_Service_(FR_Yugoslavia)" class="mw-redirect" title="State Security Service (FR Yugoslavia)">State Security Service</a> (SDB) officers within the <a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Internal_Affairs_(Serbia)" title="Ministry of Internal Affairs (Serbia)">Ministry of Internal Affairs of Serbia</a> <a href="/wiki/Jovica_Stani%C5%A1i%C4%87" title="Jovica Stanišić">Jovica Stanišić</a> and <a href="/wiki/Franko_Simatovi%C4%87" title="Franko Simatović">Franko Simatović</a> for <a href="/wiki/Aiding_and_abetting" title="Aiding and abetting">aiding and abetting</a> a <a href="/wiki/Dalj_massacre" title="Dalj massacre">murder in Daljska Planina</a> and persecution in June 1992 through their control of Serb paramilitary, as well as other crimes in Bosnia and Herzegovina and Croatia, included them in a <a href="/wiki/Joint_criminal_enterprise" title="Joint criminal enterprise">joint criminal enterprise</a>, and sentenced them each to 15 years in prison.<a href="#cite_note-369">[360]</a><a href="#cite_note-370">[361]</a> The Tribunal concluded: <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1244412712"><blockquote class="templatequote">...The Trial Chamber found proven beyond reasonable doubt that, from at least August 1991 and at all times relevant to the crimes charged in the Indictment, a <a href="/wiki/Joint_criminal_enterprise" title="Joint criminal enterprise">common criminal purpose</a> existed to forcibly and permanently remove the majority of non-Serbs from large areas of Croatia and Bosnia and Herzegovina, through the commission of the crimes of <a href="/wiki/Persecution" title="Persecution">persecution</a>, <a href="/wiki/Murder" title="Murder">murder</a>, <a href="/wiki/Deportation" title="Deportation">deportation</a>, and inhumane acts (<a href="/wiki/Forced_displacement" title="Forced displacement">forcible transfer</a>) charged in the Indictment. It further found that a joint criminal enterprise existed, in which the common criminal purpose was shared by senior political, military, and police leadership in Serbia, SAO Krajina, SAO SBWS, and Republika Srpska, with core members being Slobodan Milošević, <a href="/wiki/Radmilo_Bogdanovi%C4%87" title="Radmilo Bogdanović">Radmilo Bogdanović</a>, <a href="/wiki/Radovan_Stoji%C4%8Di%C4%87" title="Radovan Stojičić">Radovan Stojičić</a> (Badža), <a href="/wiki/Mihalj_Kertes" title="Mihalj Kertes">Mihalj Kertes</a>, Milan Martić, Milan Babić, Goran Hadžić, <a href="/wiki/Radovan_Karad%C5%BEi%C4%87" title="Radovan Karadžić">Radovan Karadžić</a>, Ratko Mladić, <a href="/wiki/Mom%C4%8Dilo_Kraji%C5%A1nik" title="Momčilo Krajišnik">Momčilo Krajišnik</a>, <a href="/wiki/Biljana_Plav%C5%A1i%C4%87" title="Biljana Plavšić">Biljana Plavšić</a>, and Željko Ražnatović (Arkan).... The Appeals Chamber has further concluded that all reasonable doubt has been eliminated that Stanišić and Simatović possessed the requisite <a href="/wiki/Mens_rea" title="Mens rea">mens rea</a> for joint criminal enterprise liability.<a href="#cite_note-371">[362]</a></blockquote> The ICTY indicted Croatian officers <a href="/wiki/Janko_Bobetko" title="Janko Bobetko">Janko Bobetko</a>, <a href="/wiki/Rahim_Ademi" title="Rahim Ademi">Rahim Ademi</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Mirko_Norac" title="Mirko Norac">Mirko Norac</a>, for crimes committed during Operation Medak Pocket, but that case was also transferred to Croatian courts. Norac was found guilty and jailed for 7 years; Ademi was acquitted.<a href="#cite_note-ICTY-Ademi-Acquittal-372">[363]</a> Bobetko was declared unfit to stand trial due to poor health.<a href="#cite_note-BBC-Bobetko-2003-373">[364]</a><a href="#cite_note-NYT-Bobetko-30Apr2003-374">[365]</a> The ICTY's indictment against General <a href="/wiki/Ante_Gotovina" title="Ante Gotovina">Ante Gotovina</a> cited at least 150 Serb civilians killed in the aftermath of Operation Storm.<a href="#cite_note-375">[366]</a> The <a href="/wiki/Croatian_Helsinki_Committee" title="Croatian Helsinki Committee">Croatian Helsinki Committee</a> registered 677 Serb civilians killed in the operation.<a href="#cite_note-376">[367]</a> <a href="/wiki/Louise_Arbour" title="Louise Arbour">Louise Arbour</a>, a prosecutor of the ICTY, stated that the legality and legitimacy of the Operation itself was not the issue, but that the ICTY was required to investigate whether crimes were committed during the campaign.<a href="#cite_note-377">[368]</a> The Trial Chamber reiterated that the legality of Operation Storm is "irrelevant" for the case at hand, since the ICTY's remit is processing war crimes.<a href="#cite_note-378">[369]</a> In 2011, <a href="/wiki/Trial_of_Gotovina_et_al" class="mw-redirect" title="Trial of Gotovina et al">Gotovina was sentenced</a> to 24 and Markač to 18 years in prison. In 2012, their convictions were overturned and both were immediately released. Čermak was acquitted of all charges.<a href="#cite_note-gotovina_judgement-56">[47]</a> Recorded war crimes that were committed against ethnic Serbs, particularly the elderly, during or in the aftermath of Operation Storm include the <a href="/wiki/Golubi%C4%87_killings" title="Golubić killings">Golubić killings</a>, <a href="/wiki/Grubori_massacre" title="Grubori massacre">Grubori massacre</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Varivode_massacre" title="Varivode massacre">Varivode massacre</a>. In the first-degree verdict, the trial chamber found that "certain members of the Croatian political and military leadership shared the common objective of the permanent removal of the Serb civilian population from the Krajina by force or threat of force", implicating <a href="/wiki/Franjo_Tu%C4%91man" title="Franjo Tuđman">Franjo Tuđman</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gojko_%C5%A0u%C5%A1ak" title="Gojko Šušak">Gojko Šušak</a>, who was the Minister of Defence and a close associate of Tuđman's, and <a href="/wiki/Zvonimir_%C4%8Cervenko" title="Zvonimir Červenko">Zvonimir Červenko</a>, the Chief of the Croatian army Main Staff.<a href="#cite_note-gotovina_judgement-56">[47]</a> Nevertheless, in the second-degree verdict, the appeals chamber dismissed the notion of such a <a href="/wiki/Joint_criminal_enterprise" title="Joint criminal enterprise">joint criminal enterprise</a>. The verdict meant the ICTY convicted no Croats for their role in the Croatian War of Independence.<a href="#cite_note-BBC-2012-11-16-57">[48]</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1237032888/mw-parser-output/.tmulti"><div class="thumb tmulti tleft"><div class="thumbinner multiimageinner" style="width:326px;max-width:326px"><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:102px;max-width:102px"><div class="thumbimage"><a href="/wiki/File:ICTY_2006-01-16.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/ICTY_2006-01-16.jpg/100px-ICTY_2006-01-16.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="128" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/ICTY_2006-01-16.jpg/150px-ICTY_2006-01-16.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/ICTY_2006-01-16.jpg/200px-ICTY_2006-01-16.jpg 2x" data-file-width="715" data-file-height="917" /></a></div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:97px;max-width:97px"><div class="thumbimage"><a href="/wiki/File:Slobodan_Milo%C5%A1evi%C4%87_facingright.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/60/Slobodan_Milo%C5%A1evi%C4%87_facingright.jpg/95px-Slobodan_Milo%C5%A1evi%C4%87_facingright.jpg" decoding="async" width="95" height="128" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/60/Slobodan_Milo%C5%A1evi%C4%87_facingright.jpg/143px-Slobodan_Milo%C5%A1evi%C4%87_facingright.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/60/Slobodan_Milo%C5%A1evi%C4%87_facingright.jpg 2x" data-file-width="185" data-file-height="249" /></a></div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:121px;max-width:121px"><div class="thumbimage"><a href="/wiki/File:Accused_Mile_Mrk%C5%A1i%C4%87.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/Accused_Mile_Mrk%C5%A1i%C4%87.jpg/119px-Accused_Mile_Mrk%C5%A1i%C4%87.jpg" decoding="async" width="119" height="127" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/Accused_Mile_Mrk%C5%A1i%C4%87.jpg/179px-Accused_Mile_Mrk%C5%A1i%C4%87.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/Accused_Mile_Mrk%C5%A1i%C4%87.jpg/238px-Accused_Mile_Mrk%C5%A1i%C4%87.jpg 2x" data-file-width="267" data-file-height="286" /></a></div></div></div><div class="trow" style="display:flex"><div class="thumbcaption">The ICTY (left) convicted numerous individuals for their role in the war. Milošević (middle) became the first former <a href="/wiki/Head_of_state" title="Head of state">head of state</a> of any country brought before an international criminal tribunal,<a href="#cite_note-autogenerated4-367">[358]</a> but died before a verdict was reached. <a href="/wiki/Mile_Mrk%C5%A1i%C4%87" title="Mile Mrkšić">Mile Mrkšić</a> (right) received 20 years.<a href="#cite_note-Mrksic_sentence-360">[351]</a></div></div></div></div> A number of Croat civilians in hospitals and <a href="/wiki/Bomb_shelter" title="Bomb shelter">shelters</a> marked with a <a href="/wiki/Emblems_of_the_International_Red_Cross_and_Red_Crescent_Movement" title="Emblems of the International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement">red cross</a> were targeted by Serb forces.<a href="#cite_note-379">[370]</a> There were numerous well-documented war crimes against civilians and <a href="/wiki/Prisoner_of_war" title="Prisoner of war">prisoners of war</a> perpetrated by Serb and Yugoslav forces in Croatia: the <a href="/wiki/Dalj_killings" class="mw-redirect" title="Dalj killings">Dalj killings</a>,<a href="#cite_note-BBC-Milosevic-indictment2001-380">[371]</a> the <a href="/wiki/Lovas_massacre" class="mw-redirect" title="Lovas massacre">Lovas massacre</a>,<a href="#cite_note-B92-Lovas-130">[121]</a><a href="#cite_note-JURIST-Lovas-204">[195]</a> the <a href="/wiki/%C5%A0iroka_Kula_massacre" title="Široka Kula massacre">Široka Kula massacre</a>,<a href="#cite_note-381">[372]</a> the <a href="/wiki/Ba%C4%87in_massacre" title="Baćin massacre">Baćin massacre</a>,<a href="#cite_note-BBC-Milosevic-indictment2001-380">[371]</a> the <a href="/wiki/Saborsko_massacre" title="Saborsko massacre">Saborsko massacre</a>,<a href="#cite_note-382">[373]</a> the <a href="/wiki/%C5%A0kabrnja_massacre" title="Škabrnja massacre">Škabrnja massacre</a>,<a href="#cite_note-CNN-Škabrnja-206">[197]</a> the <a href="/wiki/Vo%C4%87in_massacre" title="Voćin massacre">Voćin massacre</a>,<a href="#cite_note-BBC-Milosevic-indictment2001-380">[371]</a><a href="#cite_note-NYTimes-Voćin-19Dec1991-383">[374]</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Zagreb_rocket_attacks" title="Zagreb rocket attacks">Zagreb rocket attacks</a>. There were a number of prison camps where Croatian POWs and civilians were detained, including the Sremska Mitrovica camp, the Stajićevo camp, and the Begejci camp in Serbia, and the Morinj camp in Montenegro.<a href="#cite_note-camp-220">[211]</a> The <a href="/wiki/Croatian_Association_of_Prisoners_in_Serbian_Concentration_Camps" title="Croatian Association of Prisoners in Serbian Concentration Camps">Croatian Association of Prisoners in Serbian Concentration Camps</a> was later founded in order to help the victims of prison abuse. The Croatian Army established detention camps, like Lora prison camp in <a href="/wiki/Split,_Croatia" title="Split, Croatia">Split</a>.<a href="#cite_note-camp-220">[211]</a> Croatian war crimes included the <a href="/wiki/Gospi%C4%87_massacre" title="Gospić massacre">Gospić massacre</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Sisak_killings" title="Sisak killings">Sisak killings</a> in 1991 and 1992,<a href="#cite_note-384">[375]</a> and others,<a href="#cite_note-NYT-Gospić-massacre-385">[376]</a><a href="#cite_note-386">[377]</a> which were likewise prosecuted by Croatian courts or the ICTY. Another infamous instance of war crimes, in what would later become known as the "<a href="/wiki/Pakra%C4%8Dka_Poljana_camp" title="Pakračka Poljana camp">Pakračka Poljana</a>" case, committed by a reserve police unit commanded by <a href="/wiki/Tomislav_Mer%C4%8Dep" title="Tomislav Merčep">Tomislav Merčep</a>, involved the killing of prisoners, mostly ethnic Serbs, near Pakrac in late 1991 and early 1992.<a href="#cite_note-Tportal-Merčep-387">[378]</a> The events were initially investigated by the ICTY, but the case was eventually transferred to the Croatian judiciary.<a href="#cite_note-388">[379]</a> More than a decade later, five members of this unit, although not its commander, were indicted on criminal charges related to these events, and convicted.<a href="#cite_note-389">[380]</a> Merčep was arrested for crimes in Pakrac, as well as crimes in central Croatia and Zagreb in December 2010 and sentenced in 2016 to five and a half years.<a href="#cite_note-CBC-Merčep-390">[381]</a><a href="#cite_note-391">[382]</a> Merčep, who died in 2020,<a href="#cite_note-392">[383]</a> had also been implicated with his units in the <a href="/wiki/1991_killings_of_Serbs_in_Vukovar" title="1991 killings of Serbs in Vukovar">kidnappings and executions of Serb civilians</a> in Vukovar prior to the town's fall to the JNA in 1991 but never charged for those crimes.<a href="#cite_note-393">[384]</a> In 2009, <a href="/wiki/Branimir_Glava%C5%A1" title="Branimir Glavaš">Branimir Glavaš</a>, a Croatian incumbent <a href="/wiki/Member_of_Parliament" class="mw-redirect" title="Member of Parliament">MP</a> at the time, was convicted of war crimes committed in <a href="/wiki/Osijek" title="Osijek">Osijek</a> in 1991 and sentenced to jail by a Croatian court.<a href="#cite_note-394">[385]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Serbia's_role">Serbia's role</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Croatian_War_of_Independence&action=edit&section=24" title="Edit section: Serbia's role">edit</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="During_the_war">During the war</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Croatian_War_of_Independence&action=edit&section=25" title="Edit section: During the war">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Serbia_in_the_Yugoslav_Wars" title="Serbia in the Yugoslav Wars">Serbia in the Yugoslav Wars</a> and <a href="/wiki/Role_of_the_media_in_the_Yugoslav_wars" class="mw-redirect" title="Role of the media in the Yugoslav wars">Role of the media in the Yugoslav wars</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Serbia_in_the_Yugoslav_Wars.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/Serbia_in_the_Yugoslav_Wars.png/220px-Serbia_in_the_Yugoslav_Wars.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="153" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/Serbia_in_the_Yugoslav_Wars.png/330px-Serbia_in_the_Yugoslav_Wars.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/Serbia_in_the_Yugoslav_Wars.png/440px-Serbia_in_the_Yugoslav_Wars.png 2x" data-file-width="1285" data-file-height="892" /></a><figcaption>Territories controlled by Serb forces during the <a href="/wiki/Yugoslav_Wars" title="Yugoslav Wars">Yugoslav Wars</a>. It is widely believed that Milošević tried to create <a href="/wiki/Greater_Serbia" title="Greater Serbia">Greater Serbia</a>, which would unite all Serbs across a <a href="/wiki/Breakup_of_Yugoslavia" title="Breakup of Yugoslavia">collapsing Yugoslavia</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Annex_IV-38">[29]</a><a href="#cite_note-395">[386]</a><a href="#cite_note-396">[387]</a><a href="#cite_note-397">[388]</a></figcaption></figure> While Serbia and Croatia never declared war on each other, Serbia was directly and indirectly involved in the war through a number of activities.<a href="#cite_note-NYT-undeclared-08Jan1992-306">[297]</a> Its foremost involvement entailed material support of the JNA. Following the independence of various republics from SFR Yugoslavia, Serbia provided the bulk of manpower and funding that was channeled to the war effort through Serbian control of the Yugoslav presidency and the federal defense ministry.<a href="#cite_note-Jović-icty-statement-136">[127]</a> Serbia actively supported various paramilitary volunteer units from Serbia that were fighting in Croatia.<a href="#cite_note-B92-Lovas-130">[121]</a><a href="#cite_note-un-131">[122]</a> Even though no actual fighting occurred on Serbian or Montenegrin soil, involvement of the two was evident through the maintenance of prison camps in Serbia and Montenegro, which became places where a number of war crimes were committed.<a href="#cite_note-camp-220">[211]</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1224211176"><div class="quotebox pullquote floatleft" style="width:30%; ;"> <blockquote class="quotebox-quote left-aligned" style=""> Borders are always dictated by the strong, never by the weak ... We simply consider it as a legitimate right and interest of the Serb nation to live in one state. </blockquote> <cite class="left-aligned" style=""><a href="/wiki/Slobodan_Milo%C5%A1evi%C4%87" title="Slobodan Milošević">Slobodan Milošević</a>, 16 March 1991, on the breakup of Yugoslavia.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDoderBranson199981-398">[389]</a></cite> </div> Milošević's trial at the ICTY revealed numerous declassified documents of Belgrade's involvement in the wars in Croatia and Bosnia.<a href="#cite_note-hrw1-133">[124]</a><a href="#cite_note-NYTimes-Serbia-Aid-27July1991-169">[160]</a> Evidence introduced at trial showed exactly how Serbia and the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia financed the war, that they provided weapons and material support to Bosnian and Croatian Serbs, and demonstrated the administrative and personnel structures set up to support the Bosnian Serb and Croatian Serb armies.<a href="#cite_note-hrw1-133">[124]</a><a href="#cite_note-399">[390]</a> It was established that Belgrade, through the federal government, financed more than 90 percent of the Krajina budget in 1993; that the Supreme Defense Council decided to hide aid to Republika Srpska and Krajina from the public; that the National Bank of Krajina operated as a branch office of the National Bank of Yugoslavia; and that by March 1994 FR Yugoslavia, Krajina, and Republika Srpska used a single currency. Numerous documents demonstrated that branches of the Krajina Public Accountancy Service were incorporated into Serbia's accountancy system in May 1991, and that the financing of Krajina and Republika Srpska caused hyperinflation in FR Yugoslavia.<a href="#cite_note-hrw1-133">[124]</a> The trial revealed that the JNA, the <a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Internal_Affairs_(Serbia)" title="Ministry of Internal Affairs (Serbia)">Serbian Ministry of Interior</a>, and other entities (including Serb civilian groups and police) armed Serb civilians and local territorial defense groups in the RSK before the conflict escalated.<a href="#cite_note-hrw1-133">[124]</a> In 1993, the <a href="/wiki/US_State_Department" class="mw-redirect" title="US State Department">US State Department</a> reported that right after the Maslenica and Medak pocket operations, authorities in Serbia dispatched substantial numbers of "volunteers" to Serb-held territories in Croatia to fight.<a href="#cite_note-hri-325">[316]</a> A former secretary of the Serbian paramilitary leader <a href="/wiki/%C5%BDeljko_Ra%C5%BEnatovi%C4%87" class="mw-redirect" title="Željko Ražnatović">Željko Ražnatović</a> testified at the Hague, confirming that Ražnatović took his orders, and his money, directly from the <a href="/wiki/Secret_police" title="Secret police">secret police</a> run by Milošević.<a href="#cite_note-400">[391]</a> This degree of control was reflected in negotiations held at various times between Croatian authorities and the RSK, as the Serbian leadership under Milošević was regularly consulted and frequently made decisions on behalf of the RSK.<a href="#cite_note-NYTimes-Jan3-Ceasefire-7">[6]</a> The Erdut Agreement that ended the war was signed by a RSK minister on instructions from Milošević.<a href="#cite_note-NYTimes-ErdutAgr-12Nov95-18">[13]</a><a href="#cite_note-COE-CroatiaReport-Milanović-286">[277]</a><a href="#cite_note-ICTY-Milošević-trial-Milanović-287">[278]</a> The degree of control Serbia held over SFR Yugoslavia and later the RSK was evidenced through testimonies during the Milošević trial at the ICTY.<a href="#cite_note-Jović-icty-statement-136">[127]</a><a href="#cite_note-COE-CroatiaReport-Milanović-286">[277]</a><a href="#cite_note-ICTY-Milošević-trial-Milanović-287">[278]</a> Serbia's state-run media were reportedly used to incite the conflict and further inflame the situation,<a href="#cite_note-401">[392]</a><a href="#cite_note-402">[393]</a> and also to broadcast false information about the war and the state of the Serbian economy.<a href="#cite_note-403">[394]</a> Following the rise of nationalism and political tensions after Slobodan Milošević came to power, as well as the outbreaks of the Yugoslav Wars, numerous <a href="/wiki/Anti-war_movement" title="Anti-war movement">anti-war movements</a> developed in Serbia.<a href="#cite_note-Udovicki_2000_255–266-404">[395]</a><a href="#cite_note-405">[396]</a><a href="#cite_note-republika-406">[397]</a> The <a href="/wiki/1991%E2%80%931992_anti-war_protests_in_Belgrade" title="1991–1992 anti-war protests in Belgrade">anti-war protests</a> in <a href="/wiki/Belgrade" title="Belgrade">Belgrade</a> were held mostly because of opposition to the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Vukovar" title="Battle of Vukovar">Battle of Vukovar</a> and <a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Dubrovnik" title="Siege of Dubrovnik">Siege of Dubrovnik</a>,<a href="#cite_note-Udovicki_2000_255–266-404">[395]</a><a href="#cite_note-republika-406">[397]</a> while protesters demanded the <a href="/wiki/Referendum" title="Referendum">referendum</a> on a declaration of war and disruption of <a href="/wiki/Conscription" title="Conscription">military conscription</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Vreme-407">[398]</a><a href="#cite_note-408">[399]</a><a href="#cite_note-409">[400]</a> It is estimated that between 50,000 and 200,000 people deserted from the Milošević-controlled <a href="/wiki/Military_of_Serbia_and_Montenegro" class="mw-redirect" title="Military of Serbia and Montenegro">Yugoslav Army</a> during the wars, while between 100,000 and 150,000 people emigrated from Serbia refusing to participate in the war.<a href="#cite_note-Vreme-407">[398]</a><a href="#cite_note-republika-406">[397]</a> According to professor Renaud De la Brosse, senior lecturer at the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Reims_Champagne-Ardenne" title="University of Reims Champagne-Ardenne">University of Reims</a> and a witness called by the ICTY, it is surprising how great the resistance to <a href="/wiki/Propaganda_during_the_Yugoslav_Wars" title="Propaganda during the Yugoslav Wars">Milošević's propaganda</a> was among Serbs, given that and the lack of access to alternative news.<a href="#cite_note-IWPR-410">[401]</a> By late December 1991, just over a month after victory had been proclaimed in Vukovar, opinion polls found that 64% of Serbian people wanted to end the war immediately and only 27% were willing for it to continue.<a href="#cite_note-411">[402]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="After_the_war">After the war</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Croatian_War_of_Independence&action=edit&section=26" title="Edit section: After the war">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Croatia%E2%80%93Serbia_relations" title="Croatia–Serbia relations">Croatia–Serbia relations</a> and <a href="/wiki/Croatia-Serbia_genocide_case" class="mw-redirect" title="Croatia-Serbia genocide case">Croatia-Serbia genocide case</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Ovcara.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/55/Ovcara.jpg/220px-Ovcara.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/55/Ovcara.jpg/330px-Ovcara.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/55/Ovcara.jpg/440px-Ovcara.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="600" /></a><figcaption>The Ovčara Massacre Memorial in Vukovar, where Serbian President <a href="/wiki/Boris_Tadi%C4%87" title="Boris Tadić">Boris Tadić</a> expressed his "apology and regret" for the 1991 <a href="/wiki/Vukovar_massacre" title="Vukovar massacre">Vukovar massacre</a> in which 260 people were killed.<a href="#cite_note-BBC-Tadić-Vukovar-2010-412">[403]</a></figcaption></figure> After the successful implementation of the Erdut Agreement which ended armed conflict in 1995, the <a href="/wiki/Croatia-Serbia_relations" class="mw-redirect" title="Croatia-Serbia relations">relations between Croatia and Serbia</a> gradually improved and the two countries established diplomatic relations following an agreement in early August 1996.<a href="#cite_note-413">[404]</a> In a case before the <a href="/wiki/International_Court_of_Justice" title="International Court of Justice">International Court of Justice</a>, Croatia filed a suit against the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia on 2 July 1999, citing Article IX of the <a href="/wiki/Convention_on_the_Prevention_and_Punishment_of_the_Crime_of_Genocide" class="mw-redirect" title="Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of Genocide">Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of Genocide</a>.<a href="#cite_note-PreliminaryObjections-414">[405]</a> With the transformation of the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia into <a href="/wiki/Serbia_and_Montenegro" title="Serbia and Montenegro">Serbia and Montenegro</a> and the dissolution of that country in 2006, Serbia is considered its legal successor.<a href="#cite_note-PreliminaryObjections-414">[405]</a> The application was filed for Croatia by a U.S. lawyer, <a href="/wiki/David_B._Rivkin" title="David B. Rivkin">David B. Rivkin</a>.<a href="#cite_note-415">[406]</a> Serbia reciprocated with the genocide lawsuit against the Republic of Croatia on 4 January 2010.<a href="#cite_note-416">[407]</a> The Serbian application covers missing people, killed people, refugees, expelled people, and all military actions and concentration camps with a historical account of genocide committed by the <a href="/wiki/Independent_State_of_Croatia" title="Independent State of Croatia">Independent State of Croatia</a> during World War II.<a href="#cite_note-417">[408]</a> In 2003, Stjepan Mesić became the first Croatian head of state to visit Belgrade since 1991. Both Mesić and the President of Serbia and Montenegro, <a href="/wiki/Svetozar_Marovi%C4%87" title="Svetozar Marović">Svetozar Marović</a>, issued mutual apologies to Croat and Serb victims of the war.<a href="#cite_note-418">[409]</a> By 2010, Croatia and Serbia further improved their relations through an agreement to resolve remaining refugee issues,<a href="#cite_note-UNHCR-Croatia-Serbia-Refugees2010-53">[44]</a> and visits of Croatian President <a href="/wiki/Ivo_Josipovi%C4%87" title="Ivo Josipović">Ivo Josipović</a> to Belgrade,<a href="#cite_note-BBC-Josipović-Belgrade-2010-54">[45]</a> and of the Serbian President <a href="/wiki/Boris_Tadi%C4%87" title="Boris Tadić">Boris Tadić</a> to Zagreb and Vukovar. During their meeting in Vukovar, President Tadić gave a statement expressing his "apology and regret", while President Josipović said "that no crimes committed at the time would go unpunished." The statements were made during a joint visit to the Ovčara memorial center, site of the Vukovar massacre.<a href="#cite_note-BBC-Tadić-Vukovar-2010-412">[403]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Role_of_the_international_community">Role of the international community</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Croatian_War_of_Independence&action=edit&section=27" title="Edit section: Role of the international community">edit</a>]</div> The war developed at a time when the attention of the United States and the world was on Iraq, and the <a href="/wiki/Gulf_War" title="Gulf War">Gulf War</a> in 1991, along with a sharp rise in oil prices and a slowdown in the growth of the world economy.<a href="#cite_note-419">[410]</a> Between 19 and 23 December 1991, several other European countries, beginning with <a href="/wiki/Germany" title="Germany">Germany</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Vatican_City" title="Vatican City">Vatican City</a>, followed by <a href="/wiki/Sweden" title="Sweden">Sweden</a> and <a href="/wiki/Italy" title="Italy">Italy</a>, announced their recognition of Croatia's (and Slovenia's) independence.<a href="#cite_note-NYTimes-Germany-23Dec91-46">[37]</a> The <a href="/wiki/European_Union" title="European Union">European Union</a> as a whole recognized the independence of the two republics on 15 January 1992. Each of the major foreign governments acted somewhat differently: <ul><li>Germany – up until 1991, Germany supported a 'status quo'.<a href="#cite_note-420">[411]</a> According to diplomat Gerhard Almer, the Yugoslav disintegration was feared as "a bad example for the <a href="/wiki/Dissolution_of_the_Soviet_Union" title="Dissolution of the Soviet Union">dissolution of the Soviet Union</a>", sparking fears that violence could also be used against the nations that were about to declare independence from the Soviet Union.<a href="#cite_note-421">[412]</a> During the war, this policy changed, when Helmut Kohl announced that Germany recognized Slovenia and Croatia as independent countries.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a> – <a href="/wiki/John_Major" title="John Major">John Major</a>'s government favored neutrality.</li> <li>United States – The United States, under <a href="/wiki/George_H._W._Bush" title="George H. W. Bush">George H. W. Bush</a>, tended to favour non-intervention at first,<a href="#cite_note-422">[413]</a> just like the United Kingdom. In contrast, from 1993, the administration led by <a href="/wiki/Bill_Clinton" title="Bill Clinton">Bill Clinton</a> tended to engage itself in order to end the conflicts in the former Yugoslavia. <a href="/wiki/Cyrus_Vance" title="Cyrus Vance">Cyrus Vance</a> supported the 'integrity of Yugoslavia'.<a href="#cite_note-423">[414]</a></li> <li>Russia – The Russian government under <a href="/wiki/Boris_Yeltsin" title="Boris Yeltsin">Boris Yeltsin</a> tended to oppose recognition of Croatia although Russia recognized Croatia on 17 February 1992, while the United States did the same on 7 April 1992.<a href="#cite_note-424">[415]</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notable_people">Notable people</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Croatian_War_of_Independence&action=edit&section=28" title="Edit section: Notable people">edit</a>]</div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Roza_Mileti%C4%87" title="Roza Miletić">Roza Miletić</a> (born 1934), Croatian war veteran</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Croatian_War_of_Independence&action=edit&section=29" title="Edit section: See also">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1246091330">.mw-parser-output .sidebar{width:22em;float:right;clear:right;margin:0.5em 0 1em 1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa);border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);padding:0.2em;text-align:center;line-height:1.4em;font-size:88%;border-collapse:collapse;display:table}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .sidebar{display:table!important;float:right!important;margin:0.5em 0 1em 1em!important}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-subgroup{width:100%;margin:0;border-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-left{float:left;clear:left;margin:0.5em 1em 1em 0}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-none{float:none;clear:both;margin:0.5em 1em 1em 0}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-outer-title{padding:0 0.4em 0.2em;font-size:125%;line-height:1.2em;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-top-image{padding:0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-top-caption,.mw-parser-output .sidebar-pretitle-with-top-image,.mw-parser-output .sidebar-caption{padding:0.2em 0.4em 0;line-height:1.2em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-pretitle{padding:0.4em 0.4em 0;line-height:1.2em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-title,.mw-parser-output .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{padding:0.2em 0.8em;font-size:145%;line-height:1.2em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{padding:0.1em 0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-image{padding:0.2em 0.4em 0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-heading{padding:0.1em 0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-content{padding:0 0.5em 0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-content-with-subgroup{padding:0.1em 0.4em 0.2em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-above,.mw-parser-output .sidebar-below{padding:0.3em 0.8em;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-collapse .sidebar-above,.mw-parser-output .sidebar-collapse .sidebar-below{border-top:1px solid #aaa;border-bottom:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-navbar{text-align:right;font-size:115%;padding:0 0.4em 0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-list-title{padding:0 0.4em;text-align:left;font-weight:bold;line-height:1.6em;font-size:105%}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-list-title-c{padding:0 0.4em;text-align:center;margin:0 3.3em}@media(max-width:640px){body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .sidebar{width:100%!important;clear:both;float:none!important;margin-left:0!important;margin-right:0!important}}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .sidebar a>img{max-width:none!important}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-list-title,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-list-title,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sidebar{display:none!important}}</style><table class="sidebar sidebar-collapse nomobile vcard"><tbody><tr><th class="sidebar-title"><div class="sidebar-pretitle" style="margin: -0.2em 0; font-size:69%; font-weight:normal;">Part of <a href="/wiki/Category:History_of_Croatia" title="Category:History of Croatia">a series</a> on the</div></th> </tr><tr> <th class="sidebar-title-with-pretitle" style=""><a href="/wiki/History_of_Croatia" title="History of Croatia">History of Croatia</a></th> </tr><tr><td style="padding-bottom: 0.4em; border-bottom: 1px solid #ccc;"><a href="/wiki/File:Coat_of_arms_of_Croatia.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Coat_of_arms_of_Croatia.svg/100px-Coat_of_arms_of_Croatia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="133" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Coat_of_arms_of_Croatia.svg/150px-Coat_of_arms_of_Croatia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Coat_of_arms_of_Croatia.svg/200px-Coat_of_arms_of_Croatia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1386" data-file-height="1844" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)">Early history</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content plainlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Croatia_before_the_Croats" title="History of Croatia before the Croats">History of Croatia before the Croats</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pannonia" title="Pannonia">Roman Pannonia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dalmatia_(Roman_province)" title="Dalmatia (Roman province)">Roman Dalmatia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ostrogothic_Kingdom" title="Ostrogothic Kingdom">Ostrogothic Kingdom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Byzantine_Empire_under_the_Heraclian_dynasty" title="Byzantine Empire under the Heraclian dynasty">Byzantine Empire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Origin_hypotheses_of_the_Croats" title="Origin hypotheses of the Croats">Origins of the Croats</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/White_Croatia" title="White Croatia">White Croatia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/White_Croats" title="White Croats">White Croats</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)">Middle Ages</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content plainlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pannonian_Avars" title="Pannonian Avars">Avar Khaganate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Duchy_of_Croatia" title="Duchy of Croatia">Duchy of Croatia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slavs_in_Lower_Pannonia#Principality" title="Slavs in Lower Pannonia">Lower Pannonia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Dalmatia#Southern_Dalmatia" title="History of Dalmatia">Southern Dalmatia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/March_of_Istria" title="March of Istria">March of Istria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Croatia_(925%E2%80%931102)" title="Kingdom of Croatia (925–1102)">Kingdom of Croatia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Croatia_in_personal_union_with_Hungary" title="Croatia in personal union with Hungary">Union with Hungary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Ragusa" title="Republic of Ragusa">Republic of Dubrovnik</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Poljica" title="Republic of Poljica">Republic of Poljica</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)">Modernity</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content plainlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Croatia#Croatia_in_the_Habsburg_monarchy_(1527–1918)" title="History of Croatia">Ottoman Croatia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Venice" title="Republic of Venice">Republic of Venice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Croatia_(Habsburg)" title="Kingdom of Croatia (Habsburg)">Kingdom of Croatia (Habsburg)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Croatian_Military_Frontier" title="Croatian Military Frontier">Croatian Military Frontier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Illyrian_Provinces" title="Illyrian Provinces">Illyrian Provinces</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Illyria" title="Kingdom of Illyria">Kingdom of Illyria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Slavonia" title="Kingdom of Slavonia">Kingdom of Slavonia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Dalmatia" title="Kingdom of Dalmatia">Kingdom of Dalmatia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Triune_Kingdom" title="Triune Kingdom">Triune Kingdom of Croatia, Slavonia and Dalmatia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Croatia-Slavonia" title="Kingdom of Croatia-Slavonia">Kingdom of Croatia-Slavonia</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)">20th century</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content plainlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Croatia_during_World_War_I" title="Croatia during World War I">World War I</a></li> <li><div style="display:inline-block; padding:0.2em 0.4em; line-height:1.2em;"><a 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srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Flag_of_Croatia.svg/24px-Flag_of_Croatia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Flag_of_Croatia.svg/32px-Flag_of_Croatia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Portal:Croatia" title="Portal:Croatia">Croatia portal</a></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:History_of_Croatia" title="Template:History of Croatia"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:History_of_Croatia" title="Template talk:History of Croatia"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:History_of_Croatia" title="Special:EditPage/Template:History of Croatia"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Croatian_War_of_Independence_in_film" title="Croatian War of Independence in film">Croatian War of Independence in film</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Virovitica%E2%80%93Karlovac%E2%80%93Karlobag_line" class="mw-redirect" title="Virovitica–Karlovac–Karlobag line">Virovitica–Karlovac–Karlobag line</a></li></ul> <div style="clear:both;" class=""></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Annotations">Annotations</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Croatian_War_of_Independence&action=edit&section=30" title="Edit section: Annotations">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width reflist-upper-alpha" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-Croatia-Yugoslavia-5"><a href="#cite_ref-Croatia-Yugoslavia_5-0">^</a> As determined by the <a href="/wiki/Badinter_Arbitration_Committee" class="mw-redirect" title="Badinter Arbitration Committee">Badinter Arbitration Committee</a>, SFR Yugoslavia dissolved during the war.<a href="#cite_note-pellet-1">[1]</a> On 25 June 1991, the Croatian parliament declared the independence of Croatia, following a referendum held in May.<a href="#cite_note-NYTimes-Declaration-26June1991-2">[2]</a> The decision was suspended for three months;<a href="#cite_note-NYTimes-Suspension-29June1991-3">[3]</a> the declaration became effective on 8 October 1991, and Croatia was no longer part of Yugoslavia.<a href="#cite_note-Sabor-Independence-8Oct1991-4">[4]</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-SFR-Yugoslavia-8"><a href="#cite_ref-SFR-Yugoslavia_8-0">^</a> After all former Yugoslav federal republics except Serbia and Montenegro declared independence, the two declared the creation of a new country – the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia – on 27 April 1992, disbanding the JNA soon afterwards.<a href="#cite_note-LATimes-FRY-Created-6">[5]</a> Serb-controlled units of the JNA participated in combat operations throughout 1991 and up to May 1992 in support of the Republic of Serbian Krajina.<a href="#cite_note-NYTimes-Jan3-Ceasefire-7">[6]</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-bosnia-1994–1995-10"><a href="#cite_ref-bosnia-1994–1995_10-0">^</a> Bosnia and Herzegovina was particularly significant for the war in late 1994 and in 1995. Pursuant to the <a href="/wiki/Washington_Agreement" title="Washington Agreement">Washington Agreement</a>, the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina was formed as a subunit of the <a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina" title="Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina">Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina</a> (RBiH) representing both <a href="/wiki/Bosnian_Croats" class="mw-redirect" title="Bosnian Croats">Bosnian Croat</a> and <a href="/wiki/Bosniaks" title="Bosniaks">Bosniak</a> (Bosnian Muslim) ethnic groups. Most significantly, the Washington Agreement specifically permitted Croatian Army to enter Bosnia and Herzegovina, thereby allowing operations Cincar and Winter '94 against the army of Republika Srpska, outflanking the RSK capital at <a href="/wiki/Knin" title="Knin">Knin</a> and creating a new strategic situation before the decisive battles of the war.<a href="#cite_note-NYT-WashingtonAgreement-19Mar1994-9">[7]</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-sao2rsk-11"><a href="#cite_ref-sao2rsk_11-0">^</a> Initially, <a href="/wiki/SAO_Krajina" title="SAO Krajina">SAO Krajina</a>, <a href="/wiki/SAO_Western_Slavonia" title="SAO Western Slavonia">SAO Western Slavonia</a>, and <a href="/wiki/SAO_Eastern_Slavonia,_Baranja_and_Western_Syrmia" title="SAO Eastern Slavonia, Baranja and Western Syrmia">SAO Eastern Slavonia, Baranja and Western Syrmia</a> were separate entities and fought individually against the Croatian government. As of December 19, 1991, the SAOs became part of the RSK. </li> <li id="cite_note-bosnia-1992–1994-14"><a href="#cite_ref-bosnia-1992–1994_14-0">^</a> In 1992–94, Republika Srpska was intermittently involved in Croatian military operations, mostly through provision of military and other aid to the RSK, occasional air raids launched from Mahovljani airbase near Banja Luka, and most significantly through artillery attacks against a number of cities in Croatia, especially Slavonski Brod, Županja, and Dubrovnik.<a href="#cite_note-SeattleTimes-SB-Artillery-12">[8]</a><a href="#cite_note-NYTimes-Dubrovnik-Artillery-17Aug95-13">[9]</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a> There was no formal declaration of war. The first armed clash of the war was the <a href="/wiki/Pakrac_clash" title="Pakrac clash">Pakrac clash</a> on 1 March 1991,<a href="#cite_note-NYTimes-Pakrac-3Mar1991-15">[10]</a> followed by the <a href="/wiki/Plitvice_Lakes_incident" title="Plitvice Lakes incident">Plitvice Lakes incident</a> on 31 March 1991, when the first fatalities occurred.<a href="#cite_note-NYTimes-Plitvice-31Mar1991-16">[11]</a> The last major combat operation was <a href="/wiki/Operation_Storm" title="Operation Storm">Operation Storm</a>, from 5–8 August 1995.<a href="#cite_note-LATimes-Storm-Complete-17">[12]</a> Formally, hostilities ceased when the <a href="/wiki/Erdut_Agreement" title="Erdut Agreement">Erdut Agreement</a> was signed on 12 November 1995.<a href="#cite_note-NYTimes-ErdutAgr-12Nov95-18">[13]</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a> There were also some conflicts in <a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina" title="Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina">Bosnia and Herzegovina</a>, particularly in late 1994 and early 1995. Among those, the most significant to the course of the war were Cincar,<a href="#cite_note-NYT-Cincar-4Nov1994-20">[14]</a> and <a href="/wiki/Operation_Winter_%2794" title="Operation Winter '94">Operation Winter '94</a>.<a href="#cite_note-NYT-Winter94-12Jan1995-21">[15]</a><a href="#cite_note-Burg_and_Shoup331-22">[16]</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a> Three months after the military defeat of the <a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Serbian_Krajina" title="Republic of Serbian Krajina">RSK</a> in Operation Storm,<a href="#cite_note-LATimes-Storm-Complete-17">[12]</a> the UN-sponsored Erdut Agreement between the Croatian and RSK authorities was signed on 12 November 1995.<a href="#cite_note-NYTimes-ErdutAgr-12Nov95-18">[13]</a> The agreement provided for a two-year transitional period, later extended by a year, during which the remaining occupied territory of Croatia was to be transferred to control of the Croatian government. The agreement was implemented by UNTAES and successfully completed by 1998.<a href="#cite_note-NYTimes-UNTAES-16Jan98-24">[17]</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-36"><a href="#cite_ref-36">^</a> In Croatia, the war is primarily referred to as the "Homeland War" (<a href="/wiki/Croatian_language" title="Croatian language">Croatian</a>: Domovinski rat) and also as the "<a href="/wiki/Greater_Serbia" title="Greater Serbia">Greater-Serbian</a> Aggression" (<a href="/wiki/Croatian_language" title="Croatian language">Croatian</a>: Velikosrpska agresija).<a href="#cite_note-Darko_Zubrinic-33">[25]</a><a href="#cite_note-HRV-name-VSA-Bilandžija-34">[26]</a> In Serbian sources, "War in Croatia" (<a href="/wiki/Serbian_language" title="Serbian language">Serbian</a>: Рат у Хрватској, Rat u Hrvatskoj) and (rarely) "War in Krajina" (<a href="/wiki/Serbian_language" title="Serbian language">Serbian</a>: Рат у Крајини, Rat u Krajini) are used.<a href="#cite_note-B92-RUH-35">[27]</a> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Croatian_War_of_Independence&action=edit&section=31" title="Edit section: Notes">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-pellet-1">^ <a href="#cite_ref-pellet_1-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-pellet_1-1">b</a> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFAllain_Pellet1992" class="citation journal cs1">Allain Pellet (1992). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110529223410/http://207.57.19.226/journal/Vol3/No1/art12-13.pdf">"The Opinions of the Badinter Arbitration Committee: A Second Breath for the Self-Determination of Peoples"</a> (PDF). European Journal of International Law. 3 (1): 178–185. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1093%2Foxfordjournals.ejil.a035802">10.1093/oxfordjournals.ejil.a035802</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://207.57.19.226/journal/Vol3/No1/art12-13.pdf">the original</a> (PDF) on May 29, 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=European+Journal+of+International+Law&rft.atitle=The+Opinions+of+the+Badinter+Arbitration+Committee%3A+A+Second+Breath+for+the+Self-Determination+of+Peoples&rft.volume=3&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=178-185&rft.date=1992&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1093%2Foxfordjournals.ejil.a035802&rft.au=Allain+Pellet&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2F207.57.19.226%2Fjournal%2FVol3%2FNo1%2Fart12-13.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACroatian+War+of+Independence" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-NYTimes-Declaration-26June1991-2">^ <a href="#cite_ref-NYTimes-Declaration-26June1991_2-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-NYTimes-Declaration-26June1991_2-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFChuck_Sudetic1991" class="citation news cs1">Chuck Sudetic (June 26, 1991). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1991/06/26/world/2-yugoslav-states-vote-independence-to-press-demands.html">"2 Yugoslav States Vote Independence To Press Demands"</a>. The New York Times. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121110162855/http://www.nytimes.com/1991/06/26/world/2-yugoslav-states-vote-independence-to-press-demands.html">Archived</a> from the original on November 10, 2012. Retrieved 12 December 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=2+Yugoslav+States+Vote+Independence+To+Press+Demands&rft.date=1991-06-26&rft.au=Chuck+Sudetic&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1991%2F06%2F26%2Fworld%2F2-yugoslav-states-vote-independence-to-press-demands.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACroatian+War+of+Independence" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-NYTimes-Suspension-29June1991-3">^ <a href="#cite_ref-NYTimes-Suspension-29June1991_3-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-NYTimes-Suspension-29June1991_3-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-NYTimes-Suspension-29June1991_3-2">c</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFChuck_Sudetic1991" class="citation news cs1"><a href="/wiki/Chuck_Sudetic" title="Chuck Sudetic">Chuck Sudetic</a> (June 29, 1991). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1991/06/29/world/conflict-in-yugoslavia-2-yugoslav-states-agree-to-suspend-secession-process.html?ref=croatia">"Conflict in Yugoslavia; 2 Yugoslav States Agree to Suspend Secession Process"</a>. The New York Times. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130518200044/http://www.nytimes.com/1991/06/29/world/conflict-in-yugoslavia-2-yugoslav-states-agree-to-suspend-secession-process.html?ref=croatia">Archived</a> from the original on May 18, 2013. Retrieved December 12, 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Conflict+in+Yugoslavia%3B+2+Yugoslav+States+Agree+to+Suspend+Secession+Process&rft.date=1991-06-29&rft.au=Chuck+Sudetic&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1991%2F06%2F29%2Fworld%2Fconflict-in-yugoslavia-2-yugoslav-states-agree-to-suspend-secession-process.html%3Fref%3Dcroatia&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACroatian+War+of+Independence" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Sabor-Independence-8Oct1991-4">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Sabor-Independence-8Oct1991_4-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Sabor-Independence-8Oct1991_4-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120314021206/http://www.sabor.hr/Default.aspx?art=20091&sec=2462">"Ceremonial session of the Croatian Parliament on the occasion of the Day of Independence of the Republic of Croatia"</a>. Official web site of the Parliament of Croatia. Sabor. October 7, 2004. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.sabor.hr/Default.aspx?art=20091&sec=2462">the original</a> on March 14, 2012. Retrieved July 29, 2012.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Official+web+site+of+the+Parliament+of+Croatia&rft.atitle=Ceremonial+session+of+the+Croatian+Parliament+on+the+occasion+of+the+Day+of+Independence+of+the+Republic+of+Croatia&rft.date=2004-10-07&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.sabor.hr%2FDefault.aspx%3Fart%3D20091%26sec%3D2462&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACroatian+War+of+Independence" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-LATimes-FRY-Created-6"><a href="#cite_ref-LATimes-FRY-Created_6-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1992-04-28-mn-977-story.html">"Two Republics Transform Selves Into a New, Smaller Yugoslavia"</a>. The Los Angeles Times. <a href="/wiki/Associated_Press" title="Associated Press">Associated Press</a>. April 28, 1992. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160305212312/http://articles.latimes.com/1992-04-28/news/mn-977_1_yugoslavia-republic-transform">Archived</a> from the original on March 5, 2016. Retrieved January 7, 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Los+Angeles+Times&rft.atitle=Two+Republics+Transform+Selves+Into+a+New%2C+Smaller+Yugoslavia&rft.date=1992-04-28&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.latimes.com%2Farchives%2Fla-xpm-1992-04-28-mn-977-story.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACroatian+War+of+Independence" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-NYTimes-Jan3-Ceasefire-7">^ <a href="#cite_ref-NYTimes-Jan3-Ceasefire_7-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-NYTimes-Jan3-Ceasefire_7-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-NYTimes-Jan3-Ceasefire_7-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-NYTimes-Jan3-Ceasefire_7-3">d</a> <a href="#cite_ref-NYTimes-Jan3-Ceasefire_7-4">e</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFChuck_Sudetic1992" class="citation news cs1">Chuck Sudetic (January 3, 1992). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1992/01/03/world/yugoslav-factions-agree-to-un-plan-to-halt-civil-war.html?ref=croatia">"Yugoslav Factions Agree to U.N. Plan to Halt Civil War"</a>. The New York Times. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130518210925/http://www.nytimes.com/1992/01/03/world/yugoslav-factions-agree-to-un-plan-to-halt-civil-war.html?ref=croatia">Archived</a> from the original on May 18, 2013. Retrieved December 16, 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Yugoslav+Factions+Agree+to+U.N.+Plan+to+Halt+Civil+War&rft.date=1992-01-03&rft.au=Chuck+Sudetic&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1992%2F01%2F03%2Fworld%2Fyugoslav-factions-agree-to-un-plan-to-halt-civil-war.html%3Fref%3Dcroatia&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACroatian+War+of+Independence" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-NYT-WashingtonAgreement-19Mar1994-9">^ <a href="#cite_ref-NYT-WashingtonAgreement-19Mar1994_9-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-NYT-WashingtonAgreement-19Mar1994_9-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSteven_Greenhouse1994" class="citation news cs1"><a href="/wiki/Steven_Greenhouse" title="Steven Greenhouse">Steven Greenhouse</a> (March 18, 1994). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1994/03/19/world/muslims-and-bosnian-croats-give-birth-to-a-new-federation.html?ref=croatia">"Muslims and Bosnian Croats Give Birth to a New Federation"</a>. The New York Times. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130518195112/http://www.nytimes.com/1994/03/19/world/muslims-and-bosnian-croats-give-birth-to-a-new-federation.html?ref=croatia">Archived</a> from the original on May 18, 2013. Retrieved December 17, 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Muslims+and+Bosnian+Croats+Give+Birth+to+a+New+Federation&rft.date=1994-03-18&rft.au=Steven+Greenhouse&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1994%2F03%2F19%2Fworld%2Fmuslims-and-bosnian-croats-give-birth-to-a-new-federation.html%3Fref%3Dcroatia&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACroatian+War+of+Independence" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-SeattleTimes-SB-Artillery-12"><a href="#cite_ref-SeattleTimes-SB-Artillery_12-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPeter_Maass1992" class="citation news cs1"><a href="/wiki/Peter_Maass" title="Peter Maass">Peter Maass</a> (July 16, 1992). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.seattletimes.com/archive/19920716/1502415/serb-artillery-hits-refugees">"Serb Artillery Hits Refugees – At Least 8 Die As Shells Hit Packed Stadium"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Seattle_Times" title="The Seattle Times">The Seattle Times</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131105053441/http://community.seattletimes.nwsource.com/archive/?date=19920716&slug=1502415">Archived</a> from the original on November 5, 2013. Retrieved December 23, 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Seattle+Times&rft.atitle=Serb+Artillery+Hits+Refugees+%E2%80%93+At+Least+8+Die+As+Shells+Hit+Packed+Stadium&rft.date=1992-07-16&rft.au=Peter+Maass&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.seattletimes.com%2Farchive%2F19920716%2F1502415%2Fserb-artillery-hits-refugees&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACroatian+War+of+Independence" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-NYTimes-Dubrovnik-Artillery-17Aug95-13">^ <a href="#cite_ref-NYTimes-Dubrovnik-Artillery-17Aug95_13-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-NYTimes-Dubrovnik-Artillery-17Aug95_13-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRaymond_Bonner1995" class="citation news cs1"><a href="/wiki/Raymond_Bonner" title="Raymond Bonner">Raymond Bonner</a> (August 17, 1995). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1995/08/17/world/dubrovnik-finds-hint-of-deja-vu-in-serbian-artillery.html?ref=croatia">"Dubrovnik Finds Hint of Deja Vu in Serbian Artillery"</a>. The New York Times. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130518194239/http://www.nytimes.com/1995/08/17/world/dubrovnik-finds-hint-of-deja-vu-in-serbian-artillery.html?ref=croatia">Archived</a> from the original on May 18, 2013. Retrieved December 18, 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Dubrovnik+Finds+Hint+of+Deja+Vu+in+Serbian+Artillery&rft.date=1995-08-17&rft.au=Raymond+Bonner&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1995%2F08%2F17%2Fworld%2Fdubrovnik-finds-hint-of-deja-vu-in-serbian-artillery.html%3Fref%3Dcroatia&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACroatian+War+of+Independence" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-NYTimes-Pakrac-3Mar1991-15">^ <a href="#cite_ref-NYTimes-Pakrac-3Mar1991_15-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-NYTimes-Pakrac-3Mar1991_15-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFStephen_Engelberg1991" class="citation news cs1">Stephen Engelberg (March 3, 1991). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1991/03/03/world/belgrade-sends-troops-to-croatia-town.html?ref=croatia">"Belgrade Sends Troops to Croatia Town"</a>. The New York Times. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130518185319/http://www.nytimes.com/1991/03/03/world/belgrade-sends-troops-to-croatia-town.html?ref=croatia">Archived</a> from the original on May 18, 2013. Retrieved December 11, 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Belgrade+Sends+Troops+to+Croatia+Town&rft.date=1991-03-03&rft.au=Stephen+Engelberg&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1991%2F03%2F03%2Fworld%2Fbelgrade-sends-troops-to-croatia-town.html%3Fref%3Dcroatia&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACroatian+War+of+Independence" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-NYTimes-Plitvice-31Mar1991-16">^ <a href="#cite_ref-NYTimes-Plitvice-31Mar1991_16-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-NYTimes-Plitvice-31Mar1991_16-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFChuck_Sudetic1991" class="citation news cs1"><a href="/wiki/Chuck_Sudetic" title="Chuck Sudetic">Chuck Sudetic</a> (April 1, 1991). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1991/04/01/world/deadly-clash-in-a-yugoslav-republic.html?ref=croatia">"Deadly Clash in a Yugoslav Republic"</a>. The New York Times. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130518202811/http://www.nytimes.com/1991/04/01/world/deadly-clash-in-a-yugoslav-republic.html?ref=croatia">Archived</a> from the original on May 18, 2013. Retrieved December 11, 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Deadly+Clash+in+a+Yugoslav+Republic&rft.date=1991-04-01&rft.au=Chuck+Sudetic&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1991%2F04%2F01%2Fworld%2Fdeadly-clash-in-a-yugoslav-republic.html%3Fref%3Dcroatia&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACroatian+War+of+Independence" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-LATimes-Storm-Complete-17">^ <a href="#cite_ref-LATimes-Storm-Complete_17-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-LATimes-Storm-Complete_17-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-LATimes-Storm-Complete_17-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-LATimes-Storm-Complete_17-3">d</a> <a href="#cite_ref-LATimes-Storm-Complete_17-4">e</a> <a href="#cite_ref-LATimes-Storm-Complete_17-5">f</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDean_E._Murphy1995" class="citation news cs1">Dean E. Murphy (August 8, 1995). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1995-08-08-mn-32662-story.html">"Croats Declare Victory, End Blitz"</a>. Los Angeles Times. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121012140454/http://articles.latimes.com/1995-08-08/news/mn-32662_1_serb-refugees">Archived</a> from the original on October 12, 2012. Retrieved December 18, 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Los+Angeles+Times&rft.atitle=Croats+Declare+Victory%2C+End+Blitz&rft.date=1995-08-08&rft.au=Dean+E.+Murphy&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.latimes.com%2Farchives%2Fla-xpm-1995-08-08-mn-32662-story.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACroatian+War+of+Independence" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-NYTimes-ErdutAgr-12Nov95-18">^ <a href="#cite_ref-NYTimes-ErdutAgr-12Nov95_18-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-NYTimes-ErdutAgr-12Nov95_18-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-NYTimes-ErdutAgr-12Nov95_18-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-NYTimes-ErdutAgr-12Nov95_18-3">d</a> <a href="#cite_ref-NYTimes-ErdutAgr-12Nov95_18-4">e</a> <a href="#cite_ref-NYTimes-ErdutAgr-12Nov95_18-5">f</a> <a href="#cite_ref-NYTimes-ErdutAgr-12Nov95_18-6">g</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFChris_Hedges1995" class="citation news cs1"><a href="/wiki/Chris_Hedges" title="Chris Hedges">Chris Hedges</a> (November 12, 1995). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1995/11/13/world/serbs-in-croatia-resolve-key-issue-by-giving-up-land.html?ref=croatia">"Serbs in Croatia Resolve Key Issue by Giving up Land"</a>. The New York Times. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130518200823/http://www.nytimes.com/1995/11/13/world/serbs-in-croatia-resolve-key-issue-by-giving-up-land.html?ref=croatia">Archived</a> from the original on May 18, 2013. Retrieved December 18, 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Serbs+in+Croatia+Resolve+Key+Issue+by+Giving+up+Land&rft.date=1995-11-12&rft.au=Chris+Hedges&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1995%2F11%2F13%2Fworld%2Fserbs-in-croatia-resolve-key-issue-by-giving-up-land.html%3Fref%3Dcroatia&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACroatian+War+of+Independence" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-NYT-Cincar-4Nov1994-20">^ <a href="#cite_ref-NYT-Cincar-4Nov1994_20-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-NYT-Cincar-4Nov1994_20-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFChuck_Sudetic1994" class="citation news cs1"><a href="/wiki/Chuck_Sudetic" title="Chuck Sudetic">Chuck Sudetic</a> (November 4, 1994). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1994/11/04/world/bosnian-army-and-croats-drive-serbs-out-of-a-town.html">"Bosnian Army and Croats Drive Serbs Out of a Town"</a>. The New York Times. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130518184331/http://www.nytimes.com/1994/11/04/world/bosnian-army-and-croats-drive-serbs-out-of-a-town.html">Archived</a> from the original on May 18, 2013. Retrieved December 17, 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Bosnian+Army+and+Croats+Drive+Serbs+Out+of+a+Town&rft.date=1994-11-04&rft.au=Chuck+Sudetic&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1994%2F11%2F04%2Fworld%2Fbosnian-army-and-croats-drive-serbs-out-of-a-town.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACroatian+War+of+Independence" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-NYT-Winter94-12Jan1995-21">^ <a href="#cite_ref-NYT-Winter94-12Jan1995_21-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-NYT-Winter94-12Jan1995_21-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRoger_Cohen1995" class="citation news cs1"><a href="/wiki/Roger_Cohen" title="Roger Cohen">Roger Cohen</a> (January 12, 1995). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1995/01/12/world/croatia-is-set-to-end-mandate-of-un-force-on-its-territory.html">"Croatia Is Set to End Mandate Of U.N. Force on Its Territory"</a>. The New York Times. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121111152445/http://www.nytimes.com/1995/01/12/world/croatia-is-set-to-end-mandate-of-un-force-on-its-territory.html">Archived</a> from the original on November 11, 2012. Retrieved December 17, 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Croatia+Is+Set+to+End+Mandate+Of+U.N.+Force+on+Its+Territory&rft.date=1995-01-12&rft.au=Roger+Cohen&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1995%2F01%2F12%2Fworld%2Fcroatia-is-set-to-end-mandate-of-un-force-on-its-territory.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACroatian+War+of+Independence" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Burg_and_Shoup331-22">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Burg_and_Shoup331_22-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Burg_and_Shoup331_22-1">b</a> <a href="#BurgShoup2000">Burg and Shoup (2000)</a>, p. 331 </li> <li id="cite_note-NYTimes-UNTAES-16Jan98-24">^ <a href="#cite_ref-NYTimes-UNTAES-16Jan98_24-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-NYTimes-UNTAES-16Jan98_24-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-NYTimes-UNTAES-16Jan98_24-2">c</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFChris_Hedges1998" class="citation news cs1">Chris Hedges (January 16, 1998). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1998/01/16/world/an-ethnic-morass-is-returned-to-croatia.html?ref=croatia">"An Ethnic Morass Is Returned to Croatia"</a>. The New York Times. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130518201803/http://www.nytimes.com/1998/01/16/world/an-ethnic-morass-is-returned-to-croatia.html?ref=croatia">Archived</a> from the original on May 18, 2013. Retrieved December 18, 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=An+Ethnic+Morass+Is+Returned+to+Croatia&rft.date=1998-01-16&rft.au=Chris+Hedges&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1998%2F01%2F16%2Fworld%2Fan-ethnic-morass-is-returned-to-croatia.html%3Fref%3Dcroatia&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACroatian+War+of+Independence" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.domovinskirat.hr/novosti/tus-u-listopadu-91.-hv-je-imao-70.000-vojnika.html?Itemid=984">Tus: U listopadu '91. HV je imao 70.000 vojnika</a>[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot" title="Wikipedia:Link rot">dead link</a>‍] Domovinski rat.hr </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121119005157/http://www.centardomovinskograta.hr/1995.html">"Centar domovinskog rata - 1995"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.centardomovinskograta.hr/1995.html">the original</a> on November 19, 2012. Retrieved July 17, 2012.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Centar+domovinskog+rata+-+1995.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.centardomovinskograta.hr%2F1995.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACroatian+War+of+Independence" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Enis_Zebic-28">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Enis_Zebic_28-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Enis_Zebic_28-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Enis_Zebic_28-2">c</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFZebić,_Enis2018" class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Zebić, Enis (January 15, 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.slobodnaevropa.org/a/hrvatska-ljutski-gubici/28976312.html">"Ljudski gubici u ratu u Hrvatskoj: 22.211 osoba"</a> [Human Casualties in the Croatian War: 22,211 Persons]. Radio Free Europe (in Croatian). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191217143036/https://www.slobodnaevropa.org/a/hrvatska-ljutski-gubici/28976312.html">Archived</a> from the original on December 17, 2019. Retrieved December 17, 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Radio+Free+Europe&rft.atitle=Ljudski+gubici+u+ratu+u+Hrvatskoj%3A+22.211+osoba&rft.date=2018-01-15&rft.au=Zebi%C4%87%2C+Enis&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.slobodnaevropa.org%2Fa%2Fhrvatska-ljutski-gubici%2F28976312.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACroatian+War+of+Independence" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEPhuong2005157-29">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPhuong2005157_29-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPhuong2005157_29-1">b</a> <a href="#CITEREFPhuong2005">Phuong 2005</a>, p. 157. </li> <li id="cite_note-veritas-30">^ <a href="#cite_ref-veritas_30-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-veritas_30-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.veritas.org.rs/srpske-zrtve-rata-i-poraca-na-podrucju-hrvatske-i-bivse-rsk-1990-1998-godine/">"Srpske žrtve rata i poraća na području Hrvatske i bivše RSK 1990. – 1998. godine"</a>. Veritas. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201124020956/http://www.veritas.org.rs/srpske-zrtve-rata-i-poraca-na-podrucju-hrvatske-i-bivse-rsk-1990-1998-godine/">Archived</a> from the original on November 24, 2020. Retrieved June 16, 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Veritas&rft.atitle=Srpske+%C5%BErtve+rata+i+pora%C4%87a+na+podru%C4%8Dju+Hrvatske+i+biv%C5%A1e+RSK+1990.+%E2%80%93+1998.+godine&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.veritas.org.rs%2Fsrpske-zrtve-rata-i-poraca-na-podrucju-hrvatske-i-bivse-rsk-1990-1998-godine%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACroatian+War+of+Independence" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Meštrović77-31">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Meštrović77_31-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Meštrović77_31-1">b</a> <a href="#Meštrović">Meštrović (1996)</a>, pp. 77–78 </li> <li id="cite_note-Zanotti111-32">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Zanotti111_32-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Zanotti111_32-1">b</a> <a href="#Zanotti">Zanotti (2011)</a>, pp. 111 </li> <li id="cite_note-Darko_Zubrinic-33">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Darko_Zubrinic_33-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Darko_Zubrinic_33-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Darko_Zubrinic_33-2">c</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDarko_Zubrinic" class="citation web cs1">Darko Zubrinic. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.croatianhistory.net/etf/et112.html">"Croatia within ex-Yugoslavia"</a>. Croatianhistory.net. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120729120303/http://www.croatianhistory.net/etf/et112.html">Archived</a> from the original on July 29, 2012. Retrieved February 7, 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Croatia+within+ex-Yugoslavia&rft.pub=Croatianhistory.net&rft.au=Darko+Zubrinic&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.croatianhistory.net%2Fetf%2Fet112.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACroatian+War+of+Independence" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-HRV-name-VSA-Bilandžija-34">^ <a href="#cite_ref-HRV-name-VSA-Bilandžija_34-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-HRV-name-VSA-Bilandžija_34-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMirko_Bilandžić2008" class="citation journal cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Mirko Bilandžić (July 2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://hrcak.srce.hr/index.php?show=clanak&id_clanak_jezik=65472">"Hrvatska vojska u međunarodnim odnosima"</a> [Croatian Army in International Relations (English summary)]. Polemos: časopis Za Interdisciplinarna Istraživanja Rata I Mira (in Croatian). 11 (22). Croatian Sociological Association and Jesenski & Turk Publishing House. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/1331-5595">1331-5595</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131016050926/http://hrcak.srce.hr/index.php?show=clanak&id_clanak_jezik=65472">Archived</a> from the original on October 16, 2013. Retrieved December 21, 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Polemos%3A+%C4%8Dasopis+Za+Interdisciplinarna+Istra%C5%BEivanja+Rata+I+Mira&rft.atitle=Hrvatska+vojska+u+me%C4%91unarodnim+odnosima&rft.volume=11&rft.issue=22&rft.date=2008-07&rft.issn=1331-5595&rft.au=Mirko+Biland%C5%BEi%C4%87&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fhrcak.srce.hr%2Findex.php%3Fshow%3Dclanak%26id_clanak_jezik%3D65472&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACroatian+War+of+Independence" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-B92-RUH-35">^ <a href="#cite_ref-B92-RUH_35-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-B92-RUH_35-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20101108200243/http://www.b92.net/info/emisije/kaziprst.php?yyyy=2010&mm=11&nav_id=470273">"Srbija-Hrvatska, temelj stabilnosti"</a> [Serbia-Croatia, foundation of stability] (in Serbian). <a href="/wiki/B92" title="B92">B92</a>. November 4, 2010. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.b92.net/info/emisije/kaziprst.php?yyyy=2010&mm=11&nav_id=470273">the original</a> on November 8, 2010. Retrieved December 22, 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Srbija-Hrvatska%2C+temelj+stabilnosti&rft.pub=B92&rft.date=2010-11-04&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.b92.net%2Finfo%2Femisije%2Fkaziprst.php%3Fyyyy%3D2010%26mm%3D11%26nav_id%3D470273&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACroatian+War+of+Independence" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-37"><a href="#cite_ref-37">^</a> <a href="#Martić_Verdict">Martić verdict</a>, pp. 122–123 "The Trial Chamber found that the evidence showed that the <a href="/wiki/President_of_Serbia" title="President of Serbia">President</a> of Serbia, <a href="/wiki/Slobodan_Milo%C5%A1evi%C4%87" title="Slobodan Milošević">Slobodan Milošević</a>, openly supported the preservation of Yugoslavia as a federation of which the SAO Krajina would form a part. However, the evidence established that Milošević covertly intended to create a Serb state. This state was to be created through the establishment of paramilitary forces and the provocation of incidents in order to create a situation where the JNA could intervene. Initially, the JNA would intervene to separate the parties but subsequently the JNA would intervene to secure the territories envisaged to be part of a future Serb state." </li> <li id="cite_note-Annex_IV-38">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Annex_IV_38-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Annex_IV_38-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Annex_IV_38-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Annex_IV_38-3">d</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Annex_IV_38-4">e</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Annex_IV_38-5">f</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120504142243/http://www.ess.uwe.ac.uk/comexpert/ANX/IV.htm">"Final report of the United Nations Commission of Experts established pursuant to security council resolution 780 (1992), Annex IV – The policy of ethnic cleansing; Prepared by: M. Cherif Bassiouni"</a>. United Nations. December 28, 1994. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ess.uwe.ac.uk/comexpert/anx/IV.htm">the original</a> on May 4, 2012. Retrieved March 19, 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Final+report+of+the+United+Nations+Commission+of+Experts+established+pursuant+to+security+council+resolution+780+%281992%29%2C+Annex+IV+%E2%80%93+The+policy+of+ethnic+cleansing%3B+Prepared+by%3A+M.+Cherif+Bassiouni&rft.pub=United+Nations&rft.date=1994-12-28&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ess.uwe.ac.uk%2Fcomexpert%2Fanx%2FIV.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACroatian+War+of+Independence" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-39"><a href="#cite_ref-39">^</a> <a href="#Babić_Verdict">Babić verdict</a>, p. 6 "In the period of the Indictment, from circa 1 August 1991 to 15 February 1992, Serb forces consisting of JNA units, local Serb TO units, TO units from Serbia and Montenegro, local MUP police units, MUP police units from Serbia, and paramilitary units attacked and took control of towns, villages, and settlements ... These acts were intended to permanently and forcibly remove the majority of the Croat and other non-Serb populations from approximately one-third of Croatia in order to transform that territory into a Serb-dominated state." </li> <li id="cite_note-NYTimes-Borders-Redraw-40"><a href="#cite_ref-NYTimes-Borders-Redraw_40-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFChuck_Sudetic1991" class="citation news cs1"><a href="/wiki/Chuck_Sudetic" title="Chuck Sudetic">Chuck Sudetic</a> (August 5, 1991). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1991/08/05/world/serbs-refuse-to-negotiate-in-croatia.html">"Serbs Refuse to Negotiate in Croatia"</a>. The New York Times. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121111194558/http://www.nytimes.com/1991/08/05/world/serbs-refuse-to-negotiate-in-croatia.html">Archived</a> from the original on November 11, 2012. Retrieved January 24, 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Serbs+Refuse+to+Negotiate+in+Croatia&rft.date=1991-08-05&rft.au=Chuck+Sudetic&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1991%2F08%2F05%2Fworld%2Fserbs-refuse-to-negotiate-in-croatia.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACroatian+War+of+Independence" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-NYTimes-Iceland-41">^ <a href="#cite_ref-NYTimes-Iceland_41-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-NYTimes-Iceland_41-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1991/12/20/world/croatia-clashes-rise-mediators-pessimistic.html">"Croatia Clashes Rise; Mediators Pessimistic"</a>. The New York Times. December 19, 1991. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121115174401/http://www.nytimes.com/1991/12/20/world/croatia-clashes-rise-mediators-pessimistic.html">Archived</a> from the original on November 15, 2012. Retrieved July 29, 2012.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Croatia+Clashes+Rise%3B+Mediators+Pessimistic&rft.date=1991-12-19&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1991%2F12%2F20%2Fworld%2Fcroatia-clashes-rise-mediators-pessimistic.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACroatian+War+of+Independence" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-NYTimes-Presidency-RumpYugPlan-42">^ <a href="#cite_ref-NYTimes-Presidency-RumpYugPlan_42-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-NYTimes-Presidency-RumpYugPlan_42-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1991/12/27/world/serb-led-presidency-drafts-plan-for-new-and-smaller-yugoslavia.html?ref=croatia">"Serb-Led Presidency Drafts Plan For New and Smaller Yugoslavia"</a>. The New York Times. December 27, 1991. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130518200556/http://www.nytimes.com/1991/12/27/world/serb-led-presidency-drafts-plan-for-new-and-smaller-yugoslavia.html?ref=croatia">Archived</a> from the original on May 18, 2013. Retrieved December 16, 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Serb-Led+Presidency+Drafts+Plan+For+New+and+Smaller+Yugoslavia&rft.date=1991-12-27&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1991%2F12%2F27%2Fworld%2Fserb-led-presidency-drafts-plan-for-new-and-smaller-yugoslavia.html%3Fref%3Dcroatia&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACroatian+War+of+Independence" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-43"><a href="#cite_ref-43">^</a> <a href="#Brown_&_Karim">Brown & Karim (1995)</a>, p. 120 </li> <li id="cite_note-Kadijević134-135-44"><a href="#cite_ref-Kadijević134-135_44-0">^</a> <a href="#Kadijević">Kadijević (1993)</a>, pp. 134–135 </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEBjelajac_et_al.2009241-45"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBjelajac_et_al.2009241_45-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFBjelajac_et_al.2009">Bjelajac et al. 2009</a>, p. 241. </li> <li id="cite_note-NYTimes-Germany-23Dec91-46">^ <a href="#cite_ref-NYTimes-Germany-23Dec91_46-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-NYTimes-Germany-23Dec91_46-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-NYTimes-Germany-23Dec91_46-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-NYTimes-Germany-23Dec91_46-3">d</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFStephen_Kinzer1991" class="citation news cs1"><a href="/wiki/Stephen_Kinzer" title="Stephen Kinzer">Stephen Kinzer</a> (December 24, 1991). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1991/12/24/world/slovenia-and-croatia-get-bonn-s-nod.html">"Slovenia and Croatia Get Bonn's Nod"</a>. The New York Times. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120620034701/http://www.nytimes.com/1991/12/24/world/slovenia-and-croatia-get-bonn-s-nod.html">Archived</a> from the original on June 20, 2012. Retrieved July 29, 2012.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Slovenia+and+Croatia+Get+Bonn%27s+Nod&rft.date=1991-12-24&rft.au=Stephen+Kinzer&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1991%2F12%2F24%2Fworld%2Fslovenia-and-croatia-get-bonn-s-nod.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACroatian+War+of+Independence" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-NYT-UN-membership-47">^ <a href="#cite_ref-NYT-UN-membership_47-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-NYT-UN-membership_47-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPaul_L._Montgomery1992" class="citation news cs1"><a href="/wiki/Paul_L._Montgomery" title="Paul L. Montgomery">Paul L. Montgomery</a> (May 23, 1992). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1992/05/23/world/3-ex-yugoslav-republics-are-accepted-into-un.html">"3 Ex-Yugoslav Republics Are Accepted Into U.N."</a> The New York Times. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121111013548/http://www.nytimes.com/1992/05/23/world/3-ex-yugoslav-republics-are-accepted-into-un.html">Archived</a> from the original on November 11, 2012. Retrieved July 29, 2012.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=3+Ex-Yugoslav+Republics+Are+Accepted+Into+U.N.&rft.date=1992-05-23&rft.au=Paul+L.+Montgomery&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1992%2F05%2F23%2Fworld%2F3-ex-yugoslav-republics-are-accepted-into-un.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACroatian+War+of+Independence" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-UN_SRES7431992-48">^ <a href="#cite_ref-UN_SRES7431992_48-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-UN_SRES7431992_48-1">b</a> <a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Security_Council" title="United Nations Security Council">United Nations Security Council</a> Resolution 743. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://undocs.org/Home/Mobile?FinalSymbol=S/RES/743(1992)">S/RES/743(1992)</a> February 21, 1992. </li> <li id="cite_note-Profil-RSK-Dokumenti-49">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Profil-RSK-Dokumenti_49-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Profil-RSK-Dokumenti_49-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110522135646/http://www.profil.hr/index.php?cmd=show_proizvod&proizvod_id=30205">"Republika Hrvatska i Domovinski rat 1990. – 1995. dokumenti"</a> [Republic of Croatian and the Croatian War of Independence 1990–1995, documents] (in Croatian). Profil. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.profil.hr/index.php?cmd=show_proizvod&proizvod_id=30205">the original</a> on May 22, 2011. 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Yale University Press. p. 125. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-30008-715-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-30008-715-4"><bdi>978-0-30008-715-4</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20231028142429/https://books.google.com/books?id=8ui7wi85JHAC&pg=PA125">Archived</a> from the original on October 28, 2023. Retrieved June 15, 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Humanity%3A+A+Moral+History+of+the+Twentieth+Century&rft.pages=125&rft.pub=Yale+University+Press&rft.date=2001&rft.isbn=978-0-30008-715-4&rft.aulast=Glover&rft.aufirst=Jonathan&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D8ui7wi85JHAC%26pg%3DPA125&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACroatian+War+of+Independence" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-73"><a href="#cite_ref-73">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHockenos2018" class="citation book cs1">Hockenos, Paul (2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=IaJhDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA20">Homeland Calling: Exile Patriotism and the Balkan Wars</a>. Cornell University Press. p. 20. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-50172-565-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-50172-565-4"><bdi>978-1-50172-565-4</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20231028142500/https://books.google.com/books?id=IaJhDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA20#v=onepage&q&f=false">Archived</a> from the original on October 28, 2023. Retrieved June 15, 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Homeland+Calling%3A+Exile+Patriotism+and+the+Balkan+Wars&rft.pages=20&rft.pub=Cornell+University+Press&rft.date=2018&rft.isbn=978-1-50172-565-4&rft.aulast=Hockenos&rft.aufirst=Paul&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DIaJhDwAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPA20&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACroatian+War+of+Independence" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEFisher200670-74"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFisher200670_74-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFFisher2006">Fisher 2006</a>, p. 70. </li> <li id="cite_note-75"><a href="#cite_ref-75">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGlaurdić2011" class="citation book cs1">Glaurdić, Josip (2011). The Hour of Europe: Western Powers and the Breakup of Yugoslavia. Yale University Press. p. 71. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-300-16645-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-300-16645-3"><bdi>978-0-300-16645-3</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Hour+of+Europe%3A+Western+Powers+and+the+Breakup+of+Yugoslavia&rft.pages=71&rft.pub=Yale+University+Press&rft.date=2011&rft.isbn=978-0-300-16645-3&rft.aulast=Glaurdi%C4%87&rft.aufirst=Josip&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACroatian+War+of+Independence" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-LondonTimes-Račan-Obituary-76"><a href="#cite_ref-LondonTimes-Račan-Obituary_76-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20231028142432/https://www.thetimes.co.uk/">"Račan obituary"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Times" title="The Times">The Times</a>. April 30, 2007. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.timesonline.co.uk/tol/comment/obituaries/article1722946.ece">the original</a> on October 28, 2023. Retrieved December 11, 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Times&rft.atitle=Ra%C4%8Dan+obituary&rft.date=2007-04-30&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.timesonline.co.uk%2Ftol%2Fcomment%2Fobituaries%2Farticle1722946.ece&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACroatian+War+of+Independence" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Igor_Primoratz_2006._p158-77">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Igor_Primoratz_2006._p158_77-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Igor_Primoratz_2006._p158_77-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Igor_Primoratz_2006._p158_77-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Igor_Primoratz_2006._p158_77-3">d</a> Igor Primoratz, Aleksandar Pavković. Identity, Self-determination and Secession. Ashgate Publishing, Ltd., 2006. p158. </li> <li id="cite_note-78"><a href="#cite_ref-78">^</a> Igor Primoratz, Aleksandar Pavković. Identity, Self-determination and Secession. Ashgate Publishing, Ltd., 2006. p158 </li> <li id="cite_note-Perunovic_2015-79">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Perunovic_2015_79-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Perunovic_2015_79-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Perunovic_2015_79-2">c</a> <a href="#CITEREFPerunovic2015">Perunovic 2015</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-g214-80">^ <a href="#cite_ref-g214_80-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-g214_80-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-g214_80-2">c</a> <a href="#Goldstein">Goldstein (1999)</a>, p. 214 </li> <li id="cite_note-81"><a href="#cite_ref-81">^</a> <a href="#Babić_Verdict">Babić verdict</a>, p. 9 </li> <li id="cite_note-82"><a href="#cite_ref-82">^</a> <a href="#Ramet">Ramet 2006</a>, p. 382 </li> <li id="cite_note-83"><a href="#cite_ref-83">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120324161438/http://www.unhcr.org/refworld/country,,,QUERYRESPONSE,HRV,4562d8b62,3ae6ab78c,0.html">"Yugoslavia: Demonstrations in Croatia and Vojvodina"</a>. <a href="/wiki/UNCHR" class="mw-redirect" title="UNCHR">UNCHR</a>. May 1, 1990. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.unhcr.org/refworld/country,,,QUERYRESPONSE,HRV,4562d8b62,3ae6ab78c,0.html">the original</a> on March 24, 2012. Retrieved December 11, 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Yugoslavia%3A+Demonstrations+in+Croatia+and+Vojvodina&rft.pub=UNCHR&rft.date=1990-05-01&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.unhcr.org%2Frefworld%2Fcountry%2C%2C%2CQUERYRESPONSE%2CHRV%2C4562d8b62%2C3ae6ab78c%2C0.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACroatian+War+of+Independence" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-NYTimes-Elections1-HRV1990-84"><a href="#cite_ref-NYTimes-Elections1-HRV1990_84-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1990/04/23/world/evolution-in-europe-yugoslavia-hopes-for-free-vote-in-90.html?ref=croatia">"Evolution in Europe; Yugoslavia Hopes for Free Vote in '90"</a>. The New York Times. April 23, 1990. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130518213634/http://www.nytimes.com/1990/04/23/world/evolution-in-europe-yugoslavia-hopes-for-free-vote-in-90.html?ref=croatia">Archived</a> from the original on May 18, 2013. Retrieved December 11, 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Evolution+in+Europe%3B+Yugoslavia+Hopes+for+Free+Vote+in+%2790&rft.date=1990-04-23&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1990%2F04%2F23%2Fworld%2Fevolution-in-europe-yugoslavia-hopes-for-free-vote-in-90.html%3Fref%3Dcroatia&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACroatian+War+of+Independence" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-NYTimes-Elections2-HRV1990-85">^ <a href="#cite_ref-NYTimes-Elections2-HRV1990_85-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-NYTimes-Elections2-HRV1990_85-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1990/05/09/world/evolution-in-europe-conservatives-win-in-croatia.html?ref=croatia">"Evolution in Europe; Conservatives Win in Croatia"</a>. The New York Times. May 9, 1990. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121110142411/http://www.nytimes.com/1990/05/09/world/evolution-in-europe-conservatives-win-in-croatia.html?ref=croatia">Archived</a> from the original on November 10, 2012. Retrieved December 11, 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Evolution+in+Europe%3B+Conservatives+Win+in+Croatia&rft.date=1990-05-09&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1990%2F05%2F09%2Fworld%2Fevolution-in-europe-conservatives-win-in-croatia.html%3Fref%3Dcroatia&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACroatian+War+of+Independence" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-86"><a href="#cite_ref-86">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110508154538/http://dalje.com/en-sports/video--day-when-maksimir-stadium-went-up-in-flames/257791">"The Day When Maksimir Stadium Went up in Flames"</a>. Dalje.com. May 13, 2009. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://dalje.com/en-sports/video--day-when-maksimir-stadium-went-up-in-flames/257791">the original</a> on May 8, 2011. Retrieved January 19, 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Day+When+Maksimir+Stadium+Went+up+in+Flames&rft.pub=Dalje.com&rft.date=2009-05-13&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fdalje.com%2Fen-sports%2Fvideo--day-when-maksimir-stadium-went-up-in-flames%2F257791&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACroatian+War+of+Independence" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-87"><a href="#cite_ref-87">^</a> <a href="#Milošević_Indictment">Milošević indictment</a>, p. 29 </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEBjelajac_et_al.2009239-88">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBjelajac_et_al.2009239_88-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBjelajac_et_al.2009239_88-1">b</a> <a href="#CITEREFBjelajac_et_al.2009">Bjelajac et al. 2009</a>, p. 239. </li> <li id="cite_note-89"><a href="#cite_ref-89">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation encyclopaedia cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/143561/Croatia/223957/Croatia-in-Yugoslavia-1945-91?anchor=ref476690">"Croatia in Yugoslavia, 1945–91"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica" title="Encyclopædia Britannica">Encyclopædia Britannica</a>. Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120315085313/http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/143561/Croatia/223957/Croatia-in-Yugoslavia-1945-91?anchor=ref476690">Archived</a> from the original on March 15, 2012. Retrieved November 18, 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Croatia+in+Yugoslavia%2C+1945%E2%80%9391&rft.btitle=Encyclop%C3%A6dia+Britannica&rft.pub=Encyclop%C3%A6dia+Britannica%2C+Inc.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.britannica.com%2FEBchecked%2Ftopic%2F143561%2FCroatia%2F223957%2FCroatia-in-Yugoslavia-1945-91%3Fanchor%3Dref476690&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACroatian+War+of+Independence" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-90"><a href="#cite_ref-90">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20130416024543/http://www.unhcr.org/refworld/country,,MRGI,,HRV,,4954ce1ec,0.html">"World Directory of Minorities and Indigenous Peoples – Croatia: Overview"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Minority_Rights_Group_International" title="Minority Rights Group International">Minority Rights Group International</a>. <a href="/wiki/UNCHR" class="mw-redirect" title="UNCHR">UNCHR</a>. 2008. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.unhcr.org/refworld/country,,MRGI,,HRV,,4954ce1ec,0.html">the original</a> on April 16, 2013. Retrieved June 29, 2012.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Minority+Rights+Group+International&rft.atitle=World+Directory+of+Minorities+and+Indigenous+Peoples+%E2%80%93+Croatia%3A+Overview&rft.date=2008&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.unhcr.org%2Frefworld%2Fcountry%2C%2CMRGI%2C%2CHRV%2C%2C4954ce1ec%2C0.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACroatian+War+of+Independence" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-91"><a href="#cite_ref-91">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFStephen_Engelberg1991" class="citation news cs1">Stephen Engelberg (September 1, 1991). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1991/09/01/magazine/carving-out-a-greater-serbia.html?pagewanted=all&src=pm">"Carving out a Greater Serbia"</a>. The New York Times. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220212125825/https://www.nytimes.com/1991/09/01/magazine/carving-out-a-greater-serbia.html?pagewanted=all">Archived</a> from the original on February 12, 2022. Retrieved June 29, 2012.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Carving+out+a+Greater+Serbia&rft.date=1991-09-01&rft.au=Stephen+Engelberg&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1991%2F09%2F01%2Fmagazine%2Fcarving-out-a-greater-serbia.html%3Fpagewanted%3Dall%26src%3Dpm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACroatian+War+of+Independence" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-92"><a href="#cite_ref-92">^</a> <a href="#Brown_&_Karim">Brown & Karim (1995)</a>, p. 119 </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEFisher200657-93"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFisher200657_93-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFFisher2006">Fisher 2006</a>, p. 57. </li> <li id="cite_note-Ramet2010-94"><a href="#cite_ref-Ramet2010_94-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRamet2010" class="citation book cs1">Ramet, Sabrina P. (2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=oFXdiS25N78C&pg=PA261">Central and Southeast European Politics since 1989</a>. Cambridge University Press. pp. 261–262. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-13948-750-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-13948-750-4"><bdi>978-1-13948-750-4</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20231028142425/https://books.google.com/books?id=oFXdiS25N78C&pg=PA261#v=onepage&q&f=false">Archived</a> from the original on October 28, 2023. Retrieved June 15, 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Central+and+Southeast+European+Politics+since+1989&rft.pages=261-262&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.date=2010&rft.isbn=978-1-13948-750-4&rft.aulast=Ramet&rft.aufirst=Sabrina+P.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DoFXdiS25N78C%26pg%3DPA261&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACroatian+War+of+Independence" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Macdonald-95"><a href="#cite_ref-Macdonald_95-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMacdonald2002" class="citation book cs1">Macdonald, David Bruce (2002). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=kBjrJyen4FEC&pg=PA262">Balkan Holocausts?: Serbian and Croatian Victim Centered Propaganda and the War in Yugoslavia</a>. Manchester University Press. pp. 262–263. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-71906-467-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-71906-467-8"><bdi>978-0-71906-467-8</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20231028142423/https://books.google.com/books?id=kBjrJyen4FEC&pg=PA262#v=onepage&q&f=false">Archived</a> from the original on October 28, 2023. Retrieved June 15, 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Balkan+Holocausts%3F%3A+Serbian+and+Croatian+Victim+Centered+Propaganda+and+the+War+in+Yugoslavia&rft.pages=262-263&rft.pub=Manchester+University+Press&rft.date=2002&rft.isbn=978-0-71906-467-8&rft.aulast=Macdonald&rft.aufirst=David+Bruce&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DkBjrJyen4FEC%26pg%3DPA262&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACroatian+War+of+Independence" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-96"><a href="#cite_ref-96">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSaidemanAyres2008" class="citation book cs1">Saideman, Stephen M.; Ayres, R. William (2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=WAOxl4-HS1wC&pg=PA74">For Kin or Country: Xenophobia, Nationalism, and War</a>. Columbia University Press. p. 74. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-23151-449-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-23151-449-1"><bdi>978-0-23151-449-1</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20231028142426/https://books.google.com/books?id=WAOxl4-HS1wC&pg=PA74#v=onepage&q&f=false">Archived</a> from the original on October 28, 2023. Retrieved June 15, 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=For+Kin+or+Country%3A+Xenophobia%2C+Nationalism%2C+and+War&rft.pages=74&rft.pub=Columbia+University+Press&rft.date=2008&rft.isbn=978-0-23151-449-1&rft.aulast=Saideman&rft.aufirst=Stephen+M.&rft.au=Ayres%2C+R.+William&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DWAOxl4-HS1wC%26pg%3DPA74&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACroatian+War+of+Independence" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-97"><a href="#cite_ref-97">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCimentHill2012" class="citation book cs1">Ciment, James; Hill, Kenneth (2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=qtvlVCB3rPwC&pg=PA492">Encyclopedia of Conflicts since World War II</a>. Routledge. p. 492. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-13659-621-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-13659-621-6"><bdi>978-1-13659-621-6</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20231028142425/https://books.google.com/books?id=qtvlVCB3rPwC&pg=PA492#v=onepage&q&f=false">Archived</a> from the original on October 28, 2023. Retrieved June 15, 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Encyclopedia+of+Conflicts+since+World+War+II&rft.pages=492&rft.pub=Routledge&rft.date=2012&rft.isbn=978-1-13659-621-6&rft.aulast=Ciment&rft.aufirst=James&rft.au=Hill%2C+Kenneth&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DqtvlVCB3rPwC%26pg%3DPA492&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACroatian+War+of+Independence" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Slovenian-Army-TO1990-98"><a href="#cite_ref-Slovenian-Army-TO1990_98-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190414203818/http://www.slovenskavojska.si/en/about-the-slovenian-armed-forces/history/">"History—Territorial Defence"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Slovenian_Armed_Forces" title="Slovenian Armed Forces">Slovenian Armed Forces</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.slovenskavojska.si/en/about-the-slovenian-armed-forces/history">the original</a> on April 14, 2019. Retrieved December 11, 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=History%E2%80%94Territorial+Defence&rft.pub=Slovenian+Armed+Forces&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.slovenskavojska.si%2Fen%2Fabout-the-slovenian-armed-forces%2Fhistory&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACroatian+War+of+Independence" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEKreš201054-99"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKreš201054_99-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFKreš2010">Kreš 2010</a>, p. 54. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEKreš20106-100"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKreš20106_100-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFKreš2010">Kreš 2010</a>, p. 6. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEBjelajac_et_al.2009237,_240-101"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBjelajac_et_al.2009237,_240_101-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFBjelajac_et_al.2009">Bjelajac et al. 2009</a>, pp. 237, 240. </li> <li id="cite_note-102"><a href="#cite_ref-102">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGlaurdić2011" class="citation book cs1">Glaurdić, Josip (2011). The Hour of Europe: Western Powers and the Breakup of Yugoslavia. Yale University Press. p. 57. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-300-16645-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-300-16645-3"><bdi>978-0-300-16645-3</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Hour+of+Europe%3A+Western+Powers+and+the+Breakup+of+Yugoslavia&rft.pages=57&rft.pub=Yale+University+Press&rft.date=2011&rft.isbn=978-0-300-16645-3&rft.aulast=Glaurdi%C4%87&rft.aufirst=Josip&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACroatian+War+of+Independence" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-103"><a href="#cite_ref-103">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJović1995" class="citation book cs1">Jović, Borisav (1995). Poslednji dani SFRJ. Belgrade: Politika. pp. 160–161.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Poslednji+dani+SFRJ&rft.place=Belgrade&rft.pages=160-161&rft.pub=Politika&rft.date=1995&rft.aulast=Jovi%C4%87&rft.aufirst=Borisav&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACroatian+War+of+Independence" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-104"><a href="#cite_ref-104">^</a> Adam LeBor. Milosevic: A Biography. London, UK: Bloomsbury Publishing, 2003[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources">page needed</a>] </li> <li id="cite_note-Sabrina_P._Ramet_2005._P117-105">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Sabrina_P._Ramet_2005._P117_105-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Sabrina_P._Ramet_2005._P117_105-1">b</a> Sabrina P. Ramet. Thinking about Yugoslavia: Scholarly Debates about the Yugoslav Breakup and the Wars in Bosnia and Kosovo. Cambridge University Press, 2005. P117. </li> <li id="cite_note-icty_babic2-106">^ <a href="#cite_ref-icty_babic2_106-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-icty_babic2_106-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-icty_babic2_106-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-icty_babic2_106-3">d</a> <a href="#cite_ref-icty_babic2_106-4">e</a> <a href="#Martić_Verdict">Martić verdict</a>, pp 44–49. </li> <li id="cite_note-107"><a href="#cite_ref-107">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGuskova2001" class="citation book cs1">Guskova, Elena (2001). History of the Yugoslavian crisis (1990-2000). Moscow. p. 147. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/5941910037" title="Special:BookSources/5941910037"><bdi>5941910037</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=History+of+the+Yugoslavian+crisis+%281990-2000%29&rft.place=Moscow&rft.pages=147&rft.date=2001&rft.isbn=5941910037&rft.aulast=Guskova&rft.aufirst=Elena&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACroatian+War+of+Independence" class="Z3988"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_book" title="Template:Cite book">cite book</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_location_missing_publisher" title="Category:CS1 maint: location missing publisher">link</a>) </li> <li id="cite_note-108"><a href="#cite_ref-108">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFв_Никифоров2011" class="citation book cs1">в Никифоров, К. (2011). Yugoslavia in the 20th century: Sketches of Political History. Индрик. pp. 780–781. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9785916741216" title="Special:BookSources/9785916741216"><bdi>9785916741216</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Yugoslavia+in+the+20th+century%3A+Sketches+of+Political+History&rft.pages=780-781&rft.pub=%D0%98%D0%BD%D0%B4%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BA&rft.date=2011&rft.isbn=9785916741216&rft.aulast=%D0%B2+%D0%9D%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D1%84%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B2&rft.aufirst=%D0%9A.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACroatian+War+of+Independence" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-109"><a href="#cite_ref-109">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.icty.org/x/cases/slobodan_milosevic/trans/en/021001IT.htm">"Milosevic Transcripts"</a>. International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia. October 1, 2002. p. 10528. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110305041433/http://www.icty.org/x/cases/slobodan_milosevic/trans/en/021001IT.htm">Archived</a> from the original on March 5, 2011. Retrieved March 5, 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Milosevic+Transcripts&rft.pages=10528&rft.pub=International+Criminal+Tribunal+for+the+former+Yugoslavia&rft.date=2002-10-01&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.icty.org%2Fx%2Fcases%2Fslobodan_milosevic%2Ftrans%2Fen%2F021001IT.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACroatian+War+of+Independence" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-NYTimes-Minority-AUG1990-110"><a href="#cite_ref-NYTimes-Minority-AUG1990_110-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFChuck_Sudetic1990" class="citation news cs1"><a href="/wiki/Chuck_Sudetic" title="Chuck Sudetic">Chuck Sudetic</a> (August 7, 1990). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1990/08/07/world/serb-minority-seek-role-in-a-separate-croatia.html?ref=croatia">"Serb Minority Seek Role in a Separate Croatia"</a>. The New York Times. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130518213717/http://www.nytimes.com/1990/08/07/world/serb-minority-seek-role-in-a-separate-croatia.html?ref=croatia">Archived</a> from the original on May 18, 2013. Retrieved December 11, 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Serb+Minority+Seek+Role+in+a+Separate+Croatia&rft.date=1990-08-07&rft.au=Chuck+Sudetic&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1990%2F08%2F07%2Fworld%2Fserb-minority-seek-role-in-a-separate-croatia.html%3Fref%3Dcroatia&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACroatian+War+of+Independence" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-NYTimes-Log-19AUG1990-111">^ <a href="#cite_ref-NYTimes-Log-19AUG1990_111-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-NYTimes-Log-19AUG1990_111-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1990/08/19/world/roads-sealed-as-yugoslav-unrest-mounts.html?ref=croatia">"Roads Sealed as Yugoslav Unrest Mounts"</a>. The New York Times. <a href="/wiki/Reuters" title="Reuters">Reuters</a>. August 19, 1990. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130518201429/http://www.nytimes.com/1990/08/19/world/roads-sealed-as-yugoslav-unrest-mounts.html?ref=croatia">Archived</a> from the original on May 18, 2013. Retrieved December 11, 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Roads+Sealed+as+Yugoslav+Unrest+Mounts&rft.date=1990-08-19&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1990%2F08%2F19%2Fworld%2Froads-sealed-as-yugoslav-unrest-mounts.html%3Fref%3Dcroatia&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACroatian+War+of+Independence" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-NYTimes-Log-20AUG1990-112"><a href="#cite_ref-NYTimes-Log-20AUG1990_112-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1990/08/20/world/armed-serbs-guard-highways-in-croatia-during-referendum.html?ref=croatia">"Armed Serbs Guard Highways in Croatia During Referendum"</a>. The New York Times. August 20, 1990. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230103201452/https://www.nytimes.com/1990/08/20/world/armed-serbs-guard-highways-in-croatia-during-referendum.html?ref=croatia">Archived</a> from the original on January 3, 2023. Retrieved December 11, 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Armed+Serbs+Guard+Highways+in+Croatia+During+Referendum&rft.date=1990-08-20&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1990%2F08%2F20%2Fworld%2Farmed-serbs-guard-highways-in-croatia-during-referendum.html%3Fref%3Dcroatia&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACroatian+War+of+Independence" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-113"><a href="#cite_ref-113">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070929103034/http://www.iwpr.net/?p=tri&s=f&o=259675&apc_state=henftri259753">"IWPR news report: Martic "Provoked" Croatian Conflict"</a>. iwpr.net. <a href="/wiki/Institute_for_War_and_Peace_Reporting" title="Institute for War and Peace Reporting">Institute for War and Peace Reporting</a>. February 17, 2006. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.iwpr.net/?p=tri&s=f&o=259675&apc_state=henftri259753">the original</a> on September 29, 2007. Retrieved February 7, 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=iwpr.net&rft.atitle=IWPR+news+report%3A+Martic+%22Provoked%22+Croatian+Conflict&rft.date=2006-02-17&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.iwpr.net%2F%3Fp%3Dtri%26s%3Df%26o%3D259675%26apc_state%3Dhenftri259753&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACroatian+War+of+Independence" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-NYTimes-MarticInterview-19AUG1991-114">^ <a href="#cite_ref-NYTimes-MarticInterview-19AUG1991_114-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-NYTimes-MarticInterview-19AUG1991_114-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFChuck_Sudetic1991" class="citation news cs1"><a href="/wiki/Chuck_Sudetic" title="Chuck Sudetic">Chuck Sudetic</a> (August 19, 1991). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1991/08/20/world/truce-in-croatia-on-edge-of-collapse.html?ref=croatia">"Truce in Croatia on Edge of Collapse"</a>. The New York Times. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170503133121/http://www.nytimes.com/1991/08/20/world/truce-in-croatia-on-edge-of-collapse.html?ref=croatia">Archived</a> from the original on May 3, 2017. Retrieved December 15, 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Truce+in+Croatia+on+Edge+of+Collapse&rft.date=1991-08-19&rft.au=Chuck+Sudetic&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1991%2F08%2F20%2Fworld%2Ftruce-in-croatia-on-edge-of-collapse.html%3Fref%3Dcroatia&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACroatian+War+of+Independence" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Babic_transcript-115"><a href="#cite_ref-Babic_transcript_115-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.icty.org/x/cases/martic/trans/en/060217IT.htm">"Milan Babić Transcript"</a>. <a href="/wiki/ICTY" class="mw-redirect" title="ICTY">ICTY</a>. February 17, 2006. pp. 1504–1510. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110113135032/http://www.icty.org/x/cases/martic/trans/en/060217IT.htm">Archived</a> from the original on January 13, 2011. Retrieved January 10, 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Milan+Babi%C4%87+Transcript&rft.pages=1504-1510&rft.pub=ICTY&rft.date=2006-02-17&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.icty.org%2Fx%2Fcases%2Fmartic%2Ftrans%2Fen%2F060217IT.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACroatian+War+of+Independence" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-116"><a href="#cite_ref-116">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFChuck_Sudetic1990" class="citation news cs1">Chuck Sudetic (October 2, 1990). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1990/10/02/world/croatia-s-serbs-declare-their-autonomy.html">"Croatia's Serbs Declare Their Autonomy"</a>. The New York Times. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121112065457/http://www.nytimes.com/1990/10/02/world/croatia-s-serbs-declare-their-autonomy.html">Archived</a> from the original on November 12, 2012. Retrieved 11 December 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Croatia%27s+Serbs+Declare+Their+Autonomy&rft.date=1990-10-02&rft.au=Chuck+Sudetic&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1990%2F10%2F02%2Fworld%2Fcroatia-s-serbs-declare-their-autonomy.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACroatian+War+of+Independence" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-NYTimes-Constitution-HRV1990-117">^ <a href="#cite_ref-NYTimes-Constitution-HRV1990_117-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-NYTimes-Constitution-HRV1990_117-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1990/12/22/world/crisis-in-the-kremlin-croatia-takes-right-to-secede.html?ref=croatia">"Crisis in the Kremlin; Croatia Takes Right to Secede"</a>. The New York Times. <a href="/wiki/Associated_Press" title="Associated Press">Associated Press</a>. December 22, 1990. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130518195650/http://www.nytimes.com/1990/12/22/world/crisis-in-the-kremlin-croatia-takes-right-to-secede.html?ref=croatia">Archived</a> from the original on May 18, 2013. Retrieved December 10, 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Crisis+in+the+Kremlin%3B+Croatia+Takes+Right+to+Secede&rft.date=1990-12-22&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1990%2F12%2F22%2Fworld%2Fcrisis-in-the-kremlin-croatia-takes-right-to-secede.html%3Fref%3Dcroatia&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACroatian+War+of+Independence" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEPešić199610&ndash;11-118"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPešić199610&ndash;11_118-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFPešić1996">Pešić 1996</a>, p. 10–11[The nations'] rights to be "constitutive" were recognized not only within their respective states, but also among co-nationals inhabiting the territory of other Yugoslav republics. In some cases, these ethnic diaspora communities viewed the constitutive nature of Yugoslav nationhood as giving them the right to extend the sovereignty of their national "homeland" to the territories they inhabited. Such was the case with Serbs in Croatia, who constituted 12% of the population in 1991. Later, this status would produce enormous problems, giving Croatian Serbs the "right" to secede from Croatia, and giving Croatia the right to deny them this status by designating them as a "minority" in its new constitution. </li> <li id="cite_note-NYTimes-Disarming-TO1991-119"><a href="#cite_ref-NYTimes-Disarming-TO1991_119-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1991/01/20/world/defiant-yugoslav-republics-brace-for-assault.html?ref=croatia">"Defiant Yugoslav Republics Brace for Assault"</a>. The New York Times. Associated Press. 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Retrieved December 11, 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Defiant+Yugoslav+Republics+Brace+for+Assault&rft.date=1991-01-20&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1991%2F01%2F20%2Fworld%2Fdefiant-yugoslav-republics-brace-for-assault.html%3Fref%3Dcroatia&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACroatian+War+of+Independence" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-NYTimes-Clarification-TO1991-120"><a href="#cite_ref-NYTimes-Clarification-TO1991_120-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFChuck_Sudetic1991" class="citation news cs1">Chuck Sudetic (January 22, 1991). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1991/01/22/world/yugoslavia-warns-croatia-to-disarm-its-forces.html?ref=croatia">"Yugoslavia Warns Croatia to Disarm Its Forces"</a>. The New York Times. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170503133117/http://www.nytimes.com/1991/01/22/world/yugoslavia-warns-croatia-to-disarm-its-forces.html?ref=croatia">Archived</a> from the original on May 3, 2017. Retrieved December 11, 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Yugoslavia+Warns+Croatia+to+Disarm+Its+Forces&rft.date=1991-01-22&rft.au=Chuck+Sudetic&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1991%2F01%2F22%2Fworld%2Fyugoslavia-warns-croatia-to-disarm-its-forces.html%3Fref%3Dcroatia&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACroatian+War+of+Independence" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-121"><a href="#cite_ref-121">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFChuck_Sudetic1991" class="citation news cs1">Chuck Sudetic (January 25, 1991). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1991/01/25/world/defiant-croatian-republic-refuses-to-disarm-paramilitary-police.html?ref=croatia">"Defiant Croatian Republic Refuses to Disarm Paramilitary Police"</a>. The New York Times. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170504101423/http://www.nytimes.com/1991/01/25/world/defiant-croatian-republic-refuses-to-disarm-paramilitary-police.html?ref=croatia">Archived</a> from the original on May 4, 2017. Retrieved December 11, 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Defiant+Croatian+Republic+Refuses+to+Disarm+Paramilitary+Police&rft.date=1991-01-25&rft.au=Chuck+Sudetic&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1991%2F01%2F25%2Fworld%2Fdefiant-croatian-republic-refuses-to-disarm-paramilitary-police.html%3Fref%3Dcroatia&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACroatian+War+of+Independence" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-122"><a href="#cite_ref-122">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFChuck_Sudetic1991" class="citation news cs1">Chuck Sudetic (January 27, 1991). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1991/01/27/world/confrontation-in-yugoslavia-headed-off.html?ref=croatia">"Confrontation in Yugoslavia Headed Off"</a>. 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British Broadcasting Corporation (BBC). 1995. </li> <li id="cite_note-youtube.com-124">^ <a href="#cite_ref-youtube.com_124-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-youtube.com_124-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-youtube.com_124-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-youtube.com_124-3">d</a> <a href="#cite_ref-youtube.com_124-4">e</a> <a href="#cite_ref-youtube.com_124-5">f</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KfHdTbTkTiY">RTS interview with Veljko Kadijević, November 2007</a> on <a href="/wiki/YouTube_video_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="YouTube video (identifier)">YouTube</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-Lenard_J._Cohen_2008._P323-125">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Lenard_J._Cohen_2008._P323_125-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lenard_J._Cohen_2008._P323_125-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lenard_J._Cohen_2008._P323_125-2">c</a> Lenard J. Cohen, Jasna Dragović-Soso. State Collapse in South-Eastern Europe: New Perspectives on Yugoslavia's Disintegration. Purdue University Press, 2008. P323. </li> <li id="cite_note-126"><a href="#cite_ref-126">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFinal_report_of_the_United_Nations_Commission_of_Experts_established_pursuant_to_security_council_resolution_780_(1992)1994" class="citation web cs1">Final report of the United Nations Commission of Experts established pursuant to security council resolution 780 (1992) (December 28, 1994). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110207162340/http://www.ess.uwe.ac.uk/comexpert/anx/iii.htm">"The military structure, strategy and tactics of the warring factions"</a>. University of the West of England. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ess.uwe.ac.uk/comexpert/anx/iii.htm#III">the original</a> on February 7, 2011. 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Retrieved January 20, 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+military+structure%2C+strategy+and+tactics+of+the+warring+factions&rft.pub=University+of+the+West+of+England&rft.date=1994-12-28&rft.au=Final+report+of+the+United+Nations+Commission+of+Experts+established+pursuant+to+security+council+resolution+780+%281992%29&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ess.uwe.ac.uk%2Fcomexpert%2Fanx%2Fiii.htm%23IV.C&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACroatian+War+of+Independence" class="Z3988"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_web" title="Template:Cite web">cite web</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_numeric_names:_authors_list" title="Category:CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list">link</a>) </li> <li id="cite_note-Jović-icty-statement-136">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Jović-icty-statement_136-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Jović-icty-statement_136-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Jović-icty-statement_136-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Jović-icty-statement_136-3">d</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.icty.org/x/cases/slobodan_milosevic/proswitness/bcs/mil-wit-jovic.htm">"Izjava Na Osnovu Pravila 89 (F)"</a> [Statement Pursuant to Rule 89 (F)] (in Serbian). International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia. November 16, 2003. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120614062653/http://www.icty.org/x/cases/slobodan_milosevic/proswitness/bcs/mil-wit-jovic.htm">Archived</a> from the original on June 14, 2012. Retrieved January 18, 2011. <q>Milošević and I resolutely requested the following from Kadijević: 1. Respond to the Slovenes vigorously using all means including the air force, they must absolutely no longer be allowed to disrespect the Yugoslav People's Army. Then withdraw from Slovenia. We shall make a timely decision on that matter. In that way army morale shall be improved, Croatia shall be scared and Serbian people calmed. 2. The main YPA forces shall be grouped on Karlovac-Plitvice [Lakes] line to the West; Baranja, Osijek, Vinkovci – Sava [River] to the East and Neretva [River] in the South. In that way all territories inhabited by Serbs shall be covered until the final resolution, that is until the people freely decides in a referendum. 3. Completely eliminate Croats and Slovenes from the army.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Izjava+Na+Osnovu+Pravila+89+%28F%29&rft.pub=International+Criminal+Tribunal+for+the+former+Yugoslavia&rft.date=2003-11-16&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.icty.org%2Fx%2Fcases%2Fslobodan_milosevic%2Fproswitness%2Fbcs%2Fmil-wit-jovic.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACroatian+War+of+Independence" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-An2-Mader-137"><a href="#cite_ref-An2-Mader_137-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGeorg_Mader2006" class="citation journal cs1">Georg Mader (2006). "Croatia's embargoed air force". World Air Power Journal. 24 (Spring). London, UK: Aerospace Publishing: 145. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-874023-66-2" title="Special:BookSources/1-874023-66-2"><bdi>1-874023-66-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=World+Air+Power+Journal&rft.atitle=Croatia%27s+embargoed+air+force&rft.volume=24&rft.issue=Spring&rft.pages=145&rft.date=2006&rft.isbn=1-874023-66-2&rft.au=Georg+Mader&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACroatian+War+of+Independence" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Frucht562-138"><a href="#cite_ref-Frucht562_138-0">^</a> <a href="#Frucht">Frucht (2005)</a>, p. 562 </li> <li id="cite_note-NigelThomas-YugoslavWars-139">^ <a href="#cite_ref-NigelThomas-YugoslavWars_139-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-NigelThomas-YugoslavWars_139-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-NigelThomas-YugoslavWars_139-2">c</a> <a href="#Thomas">Thomas, (2006)</a>, pp. 21–25 </li> <li id="cite_note-NYTimes-Mobilization-6Oct1991-140">^ <a href="#cite_ref-NYTimes-Mobilization-6Oct1991_140-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-NYTimes-Mobilization-6Oct1991_140-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFChuck_Sudetic1991" class="citation news cs1"><a href="/wiki/Chuck_Sudetic" title="Chuck Sudetic">Chuck Sudetic</a> (October 6, 1991). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1991/10/06/world/shells-still-fall-on-croatian-towns-despite-truce.html?ref=croatia">"Shells Still Fall on Croatian Towns Despite Truce"</a>. The New York Times. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130518202834/http://www.nytimes.com/1991/10/06/world/shells-still-fall-on-croatian-towns-despite-truce.html?ref=croatia">Archived</a> from the original on May 18, 2013. Retrieved December 16, 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Shells+Still+Fall+on+Croatian+Towns+Despite+Truce&rft.date=1991-10-06&rft.au=Chuck+Sudetic&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1991%2F10%2F06%2Fworld%2Fshells-still-fall-on-croatian-towns-despite-truce.html%3Fref%3Dcroatia&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACroatian+War+of+Independence" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-141"><a href="#cite_ref-141">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBerislav_Jelinić2009" class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Berislav Jelinić (November 24, 2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120527134931/http://www.nacional.hr/clanak/72091/zivot-nakon-rata-za-tudu-domovinu">"Život nakon rata za tuđu domovinu"</a> [Life after a war for a foreign homeland]. <a href="/wiki/Nacional_(weekly)" title="Nacional (weekly)">Nacional</a> (in Croatian). NCL Media Grupa d.o.o. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nacional.hr/clanak/72091/zivot-nakon-rata-za-tudu-domovinu">the original</a> on May 27, 2012. Retrieved 23 January 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Nacional&rft.atitle=%C5%BDivot+nakon+rata+za+tu%C4%91u+domovinu&rft.date=2009-11-24&rft.au=Berislav+Jelini%C4%87&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nacional.hr%2Fclanak%2F72091%2Fzivot-nakon-rata-za-tudu-domovinu&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACroatian+War+of+Independence" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-NYTimes-Barracks-24Sep1991-142"><a href="#cite_ref-NYTimes-Barracks-24Sep1991_142-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAlan_Cowell1991" class="citation news cs1"><a href="/wiki/Alan_S._Cowell" class="mw-redirect" title="Alan S. Cowell">Alan Cowell</a> (September 24, 1991). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1991/09/24/world/serbs-and-croats-seeing-war-in-different-prisms.html?pagewanted=all">"Serbs and Croats: Seeing War in Different Prisms"</a>. The New York Times. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180729083252/https://www.nytimes.com/1991/09/24/world/serbs-and-croats-seeing-war-in-different-prisms.html?pagewanted=all">Archived</a> from the original on July 29, 2018. Retrieved December 16, 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Serbs+and+Croats%3A+Seeing+War+in+Different+Prisms&rft.date=1991-09-24&rft.au=Alan+Cowell&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1991%2F09%2F24%2Fworld%2Fserbs-and-croats-seeing-war-in-different-prisms.html%3Fpagewanted%3Dall&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACroatian+War+of+Independence" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-BostonGlobe-Barracks-Varaždin-143"><a href="#cite_ref-BostonGlobe-Barracks-Varaždin_143-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDušan_Stojanović2010" class="citation news cs1">Dušan Stojanović (March 19, 2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.boston.com/news/world/europe/articles/2010/03/19/ex_serb_general_hero_or_traitor">"Ex-Serb general: hero or traitor?"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Boston_Globe" class="mw-redirect" title="Boston Globe">Boston Globe</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150924154422/http://www.boston.com/news/world/europe/articles/2010/03/19/ex_serb_general_hero_or_traitor/">Archived</a> from the original on September 24, 2015. Retrieved December 16, 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Boston+Globe&rft.atitle=Ex-Serb+general%3A+hero+or+traitor%3F&rft.date=2010-03-19&rft.au=Du%C5%A1an+Stojanovi%C4%87&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.boston.com%2Fnews%2Fworld%2Feurope%2Farticles%2F2010%2F03%2F19%2Fex_serb_general_hero_or_traitor&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACroatian+War+of+Independence" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Ramet-3Yugoslavias-452-144">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Ramet-3Yugoslavias-452_144-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Ramet-3Yugoslavias-452_144-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Ramet-3Yugoslavias-452_144-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Ramet-3Yugoslavias-452_144-3">d</a> <a href="#Ramet">Ramet (2006)</a>, p. 452 </li> <li id="cite_note-NYTimes-Croatia-MilitProd-145"><a href="#cite_ref-NYTimes-Croatia-MilitProd_145-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRoger_Cohen1994" class="citation news cs1"><a href="/wiki/Roger_Cohen" title="Roger Cohen">Roger Cohen</a> (November 5, 1994). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1994/11/05/world/arms-trafficking-to-bosnia-goes-on-despite-embargo.html?ref=croatia">"Arms Trafficking to Bosnia Goes On Despite Embargo"</a>. The New York Times. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130518205333/http://www.nytimes.com/1994/11/05/world/arms-trafficking-to-bosnia-goes-on-despite-embargo.html?ref=croatia">Archived</a> from the original on May 18, 2013. Retrieved December 17, 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Arms+Trafficking+to+Bosnia+Goes+On+Despite+Embargo&rft.date=1994-11-05&rft.au=Roger+Cohen&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1994%2F11%2F05%2Fworld%2Farms-trafficking-to-bosnia-goes-on-despite-embargo.html%3Fref%3Dcroatia&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACroatian+War+of+Independence" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-146"><a href="#cite_ref-146">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.icty.org/x/cases/martic/trans/en/060215ED.htm">"Milan Martic Transcripts"</a>. The Hague: International Criminal Tribunal for the Former Yugoslavia. February 15, 2006. p. 1360. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110805203119/http://www.icty.org/x/cases/martic/trans/en/060215ED.htm">Archived</a> from the original on August 5, 2011. Retrieved May 12, 2011. <q>Could you tell us, please, was one side responsible for the escalation in terms of violence and demonstrations of force? A. Both sides were responsible, but to my knowledge, the Serb side began using force first</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Milan+Martic+Transcripts&rft.place=The+Hague&rft.pages=1360&rft.pub=International+Criminal+Tribunal+for+the+Former+Yugoslavia&rft.date=2006-02-15&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.icty.org%2Fx%2Fcases%2Fmartic%2Ftrans%2Fen%2F060215ED.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACroatian+War+of+Independence" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-147"><a href="#cite_ref-147">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFStephen_Engelberg1991" class="citation news cs1">Stephen Engelberg (March 4, 1991). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1991/03/04/world/serb-croat-showdown-in-one-village-square.html?ref=croatia">"Serb-Croat Showdown in One Village Square"</a>. The New York Times. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130518205534/http://www.nytimes.com/1991/03/04/world/serb-croat-showdown-in-one-village-square.html?ref=croatia">Archived</a> from the original on May 18, 2013. Retrieved December 11, 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Serb-Croat+Showdown+in+One+Village+Square&rft.date=1991-03-04&rft.au=Stephen+Engelberg&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1991%2F03%2F04%2Fworld%2Fserb-croat-showdown-in-one-village-square.html%3Fref%3Dcroatia&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACroatian+War+of+Independence" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-148"><a href="#cite_ref-148">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110717120303/http://www.morh.hr/en/news-press-releases-annoucments/press-release/19th-anniversary-of-plitvice-action-commemorated.html">"19th anniversary of Plitvice action commemorated"</a>. morh.hr. <a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Defence_of_the_Republic_of_Croatia" class="mw-redirect" title="Ministry of Defence of the Republic of Croatia">Ministry of Defence of the Republic of Croatia</a>. March 31, 2010. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.morh.hr/en/news-press-releases-annoucments/press-release/19th-anniversary-of-plitvice-action-commemorated.html">the original</a> on July 17, 2011. Retrieved September 11, 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=morh.hr&rft.atitle=19th+anniversary+of+Plitvice+action+commemorated&rft.date=2010-03-31&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.morh.hr%2Fen%2Fnews-press-releases-annoucments%2Fpress-release%2F19th-anniversary-of-plitvice-action-commemorated.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACroatian+War+of+Independence" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-149"><a href="#cite_ref-149">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDavid_Binder1991" class="citation news cs1">David Binder (March 18, 1991). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1991/03/18/world/serbian-official-declares-part-of-croatia-separate.html?ref=croatia">"Serbian Official Declares Part of Croatia Separate"</a>. The New York Times. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130518204455/http://www.nytimes.com/1991/03/18/world/serbian-official-declares-part-of-croatia-separate.html?ref=croatia">Archived</a> from the original on May 18, 2013. Retrieved December 11, 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Serbian+Official+Declares+Part+of+Croatia+Separate&rft.date=1991-03-18&rft.au=David+Binder&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1991%2F03%2F18%2Fworld%2Fserbian-official-declares-part-of-croatia-separate.html%3Fref%3Dcroatia&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACroatian+War+of+Independence" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-150"><a href="#cite_ref-150">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFChuck_Sudetic1991" class="citation news cs1"><a href="/wiki/Chuck_Sudetic" title="Chuck Sudetic">Chuck Sudetic</a> (April 2, 1991). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1991/04/02/world/rebel-serbs-complicate-rift-on-yugoslav-unity.html?ref=croatia">"Rebel Serbs Complicate Rift on Yugoslav Unity"</a>. The New York Times. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130518205440/http://www.nytimes.com/1991/04/02/world/rebel-serbs-complicate-rift-on-yugoslav-unity.html?ref=croatia">Archived</a> from the original on May 18, 2013. Retrieved December 11, 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Rebel+Serbs+Complicate+Rift+on+Yugoslav+Unity&rft.date=1991-04-02&rft.au=Chuck+Sudetic&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1991%2F04%2F02%2Fworld%2Frebel-serbs-complicate-rift-on-yugoslav-unity.html%3Fref%3Dcroatia&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACroatian+War+of+Independence" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-151"><a href="#cite_ref-151">^</a> <a href="#Commonwealth">Commonwealth</a>, pp. 272–278 </li> <li id="cite_note-NYT-1991-05-05-152">^ <a href="#cite_ref-NYT-1991-05-05_152-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-NYT-1991-05-05_152-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFStephen_Engelberg1991" class="citation news cs1">Stephen Engelberg (May 5, 1991). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1991/05/05/world/one-more-dead-as-clashes-continue-in-yugoslavia.html?ref=croatia">"One More Dead as Clashes Continue in Yugoslavia"</a>. The New York Times. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170503011536/http://www.nytimes.com/1991/05/05/world/one-more-dead-as-clashes-continue-in-yugoslavia.html?ref=croatia">Archived</a> from the original on May 3, 2017. Retrieved December 11, 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=One+More+Dead+as+Clashes+Continue+in+Yugoslavia&rft.date=1991-05-05&rft.au=Stephen+Engelberg&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1991%2F05%2F05%2Fworld%2Fone-more-dead-as-clashes-continue-in-yugoslavia.html%3Fref%3Dcroatia&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACroatian+War+of+Independence" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-153"><a href="#cite_ref-153">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCelestine_Bohlen1991" class="citation news cs1">Celestine Bohlen (May 16, 1991). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1991/05/16/world/new-crisis-grips-yugoslavia-over-rotation-of-leadership.html?ref=croatia">"New Crisis Grips Yugoslavia Over Rotation of Leadership"</a>. The New York Times. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170503045843/http://www.nytimes.com/1991/05/16/world/new-crisis-grips-yugoslavia-over-rotation-of-leadership.html?ref=croatia">Archived</a> from the original on May 3, 2017. Retrieved December 12, 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=New+Crisis+Grips+Yugoslavia+Over+Rotation+of+Leadership&rft.date=1991-05-16&rft.au=Celestine+Bohlen&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1991%2F05%2F16%2Fworld%2Fnew-crisis-grips-yugoslavia-over-rotation-of-leadership.html%3Fref%3Dcroatia&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACroatian+War+of+Independence" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-154"><a href="#cite_ref-154">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCelestine_Bohlen1991" class="citation news cs1">Celestine Bohlen (May 18, 1991). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1991/05/18/world/yugoslavia-fails-to-fill-presidency.html?ref=croatia">"Yugoslavia Fails to Fill Presidency"</a>. The New York Times. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170504043800/http://www.nytimes.com/1991/05/18/world/yugoslavia-fails-to-fill-presidency.html?ref=croatia">Archived</a> from the original on May 4, 2017. Retrieved December 12, 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Yugoslavia+Fails+to+Fill+Presidency&rft.date=1991-05-18&rft.au=Celestine+Bohlen&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1991%2F05%2F18%2Fworld%2Fyugoslavia-fails-to-fill-presidency.html%3Fref%3Dcroatia&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACroatian+War+of+Independence" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-155"><a href="#cite_ref-155">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFChuck_Sudetic1991" class="citation news cs1">Chuck Sudetic (May 19, 1991). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1991/05/19/world/croatia-rejects-a-yugoslav-panel.html?ref=croatia">"Croatia Rejects a Yugoslav Panel"</a>. The New York Times. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170504054436/http://www.nytimes.com/1991/05/19/world/croatia-rejects-a-yugoslav-panel.html?ref=croatia">Archived</a> from the original on May 4, 2017. Retrieved December 12, 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Croatia+Rejects+a+Yugoslav+Panel&rft.date=1991-05-19&rft.au=Chuck+Sudetic&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1991%2F05%2F19%2Fworld%2Fcroatia-rejects-a-yugoslav-panel.html%3Fref%3Dcroatia&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACroatian+War+of+Independence" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-156"><a href="#cite_ref-156">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFChuck_Sudetic1991" class="citation news cs1"><a href="/wiki/Chuck_Sudetic" title="Chuck Sudetic">Chuck Sudetic</a> (July 1, 1991). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1991/07/01/world/belgrade-orders-army-to-return-to-its-barracks.html?ref=croatia">"Belgrade Orders Army to Return To Its Barracks"</a>. The New York Times. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170504074923/http://www.nytimes.com/1991/07/01/world/belgrade-orders-army-to-return-to-its-barracks.html?ref=croatia">Archived</a> from the original on May 4, 2017. Retrieved December 12, 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Belgrade+Orders+Army+to+Return+To+Its+Barracks&rft.date=1991-07-01&rft.au=Chuck+Sudetic&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1991%2F07%2F01%2Fworld%2Fbelgrade-orders-army-to-return-to-its-barracks.html%3Fref%3Dcroatia&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACroatian+War+of+Independence" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-LATimes-ECstlye-YU-157"><a href="#cite_ref-LATimes-ECstlye-YU_157-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1991-07-16-mn-2455-story.html">"Croatia Calls for EC-Style Yugoslavia"</a>. Los Angeles Times. July 16, 1991. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160305015353/http://articles.latimes.com/1991-07-16/news/mn-2455_1_croatia-calls">Archived</a> from the original on March 5, 2016. Retrieved December 20, 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Los+Angeles+Times&rft.atitle=Croatia+Calls+for+EC-Style+Yugoslavia&rft.date=1991-07-16&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.latimes.com%2Farchives%2Fla-xpm-1991-07-16-mn-2455-story.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACroatian+War+of+Independence" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-158"><a href="#cite_ref-158">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFChuck_Sudetic1991" class="citation news cs1">Chuck Sudetic (May 20, 1991). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1991/05/20/world/croatia-votes-for-sovereignty-and-confederation.html?ref=croatia">"Croatia Votes for Sovereignty and Confederation"</a>. The New York Times. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121111080212/http://www.nytimes.com/1991/05/20/world/croatia-votes-for-sovereignty-and-confederation.html">Archived</a> from the original on November 11, 2012. Retrieved December 12, 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Croatia+Votes+for+Sovereignty+and+Confederation&rft.date=1991-05-20&rft.au=Chuck+Sudetic&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1991%2F05%2F20%2Fworld%2Fcroatia-votes-for-sovereignty-and-confederation.html%3Fref%3Dcroatia&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACroatian+War+of+Independence" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-159"><a href="#cite_ref-159">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20101022034944/http://www.osrh.hr/data/krono_en.html">"Chronology of the homeland war"</a>. osrh.hr. <a href="/wiki/Military_of_Croatia" class="mw-redirect" title="Military of Croatia">Military of Croatia</a>. 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Retrieved December 11, 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=osrh.hr&rft.atitle=Chronology+of+the+homeland+war&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.osrh.hr%2Fdata%2Fkrono_en.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACroatian+War+of+Independence" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-BrownKarim117-160">^ <a href="#cite_ref-BrownKarim117_160-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-BrownKarim117_160-1">b</a> <a href="#Brown_&_Karim">Brown & Karim (1995)</a>, p 117 </li> <li id="cite_note-161"><a href="#cite_ref-161">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190324074625/http://www.novilist.hr/Vijesti/Hrvatska/Seks-Dio-lijevoga-bloka-odbio-glasovati-za-samostalnost">"Šeks: Dio lijevoga bloka odbio glasovati za samostalnost"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Novi_list" title="Novi list">Novi list</a> (in Croatian). <a href="/wiki/HINA" class="mw-redirect" title="HINA">HINA</a>. June 25, 2012. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.novilist.hr/Vijesti/Hrvatska/Seks-Dio-lijevoga-bloka-odbio-glasovati-za-samostalnost">the original</a> on March 24, 2019. 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The New York Times. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130518195948/http://www.nytimes.com/1991/06/26/world/europeans-warn-on-yugoslav-split.html?ref=croatia">Archived</a> from the original on May 18, 2013. Retrieved December 12, 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Europeans+Warn+on+Yugoslav+Split&rft.date=1991-06-26&rft.au=Alan+Riding&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1991%2F06%2F26%2Fworld%2Feuropeans-warn-on-yugoslav-split.html%3Fref%3Dcroatia&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACroatian+War+of+Independence" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-163"><a href="#cite_ref-163">^</a> Lenard J. Cohen, Jasna Dragović-Soso. State Collapse in South-Eastern Europe: New Perspectives on Yugoslavia's Disintegration. Purdue University Press, 2008. Pp. 323. </li> <li id="cite_note-LATimes-Desertions-29Sep91-164">^ <a href="#cite_ref-LATimes-Desertions-29Sep91_164-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-LATimes-Desertions-29Sep91_164-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1991-09-29-mn-4747-story.html">"Army Leaves More Towns in Croatia"</a>. Los Angeles Times. September 29, 1991. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131204042237/http://articles.latimes.com/1991-09-29/news/mn-4747_1_army-barracks">Archived</a> from the original on December 4, 2013. 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Retrieved 29 July 2012.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Los+Angeles+Times&rft.atitle=Serbian+Forces+Press+Fight+for+Major+Chunk+of+Croatia&rft.date=1991-08-01&rft.au=Charles+T.+Powers&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.latimes.com%2Farchives%2Fla-xpm-1991-08-01-mn-177-story.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACroatian+War+of+Independence" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-166"><a href="#cite_ref-166">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFStephen_Engelberg1991" class="citation news cs1">Stephen Engelberg (July 16, 1991). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1991/07/16/world/yugoslav-army-revamping-itself-after-setbacks.html?ref=croatia">"Yugoslav Army Revamping Itself After Setbacks"</a>. The New York Times. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130518183622/http://www.nytimes.com/1991/07/16/world/yugoslav-army-revamping-itself-after-setbacks.html?ref=croatia">Archived</a> from the original on May 18, 2013. Retrieved December 13, 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Yugoslav+Army+Revamping+Itself+After+Setbacks&rft.date=1991-07-16&rft.au=Stephen+Engelberg&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1991%2F07%2F16%2Fworld%2Fyugoslav-army-revamping-itself-after-setbacks.html%3Fref%3Dcroatia&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACroatian+War+of+Independence" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-167"><a href="#cite_ref-167">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120324063552/http://www.unhcr.org/refworld/country,,IRBC,COUNTRYREP,HRV,,3ae6a80c4,0.html">"Croatia and the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia (FRY): Military Service"</a>. <a href="/wiki/United_Nations_High_Commissioner_for_Refugees" title="United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees">United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees</a> – Refworld. <a href="/wiki/Immigration_and_Refugee_Board_of_Canada" title="Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada">Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada</a>. September 1, 1993. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.unhcr.org/refworld/country,,IRBC,COUNTRYREP,HRV,,3ae6a80c4,0.html">the original</a> on March 24, 2012. Retrieved December 13, 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=United+Nations+High+Commissioner+for+Refugees+%E2%80%93+Refworld&rft.atitle=Croatia+and+the+Federal+Republic+of+Yugoslavia+%28FRY%29%3A+Military+Service&rft.date=1993-09-01&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.unhcr.org%2Frefworld%2Fcountry%2C%2CIRBC%2CCOUNTRYREP%2CHRV%2C%2C3ae6a80c4%2C0.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACroatian+War+of+Independence" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-168"><a href="#cite_ref-168">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFChuck_Sudetic1991" class="citation news cs1"><a href="/wiki/Chuck_Sudetic" title="Chuck Sudetic">Chuck Sudetic</a> (July 24, 1991). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1991/07/24/world/croats-turn-down-a-new-peace-pact.html?ref=croatia">"Croats Turn Down a New Peace Pact"</a>. The New York Times. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170504013834/http://www.nytimes.com/1991/07/24/world/croats-turn-down-a-new-peace-pact.html?ref=croatia">Archived</a> from the original on May 4, 2017. Retrieved December 13, 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Croats+Turn+Down+a+New+Peace+Pact&rft.date=1991-07-24&rft.au=Chuck+Sudetic&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1991%2F07%2F24%2Fworld%2Fcroats-turn-down-a-new-peace-pact.html%3Fref%3Dcroatia&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACroatian+War+of+Independence" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-NYTimes-Serbia-Aid-27July1991-169">^ <a href="#cite_ref-NYTimes-Serbia-Aid-27July1991_169-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-NYTimes-Serbia-Aid-27July1991_169-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFStephen_Engelberg1991" class="citation news cs1">Stephen Engelberg (July 27, 1991). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1991/07/27/world/serbia-sending-supplies-to-compatriots-in-croatia.html?ref=croatia">"Serbia Sending Supplies to Compatriots in Croatia"</a>. The New York Times. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130518184343/http://www.nytimes.com/1991/07/27/world/serbia-sending-supplies-to-compatriots-in-croatia.html?ref=croatia">Archived</a> from the original on May 18, 2013. Retrieved December 13, 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Serbia+Sending+Supplies+to+Compatriots+in+Croatia&rft.date=1991-07-27&rft.au=Stephen+Engelberg&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1991%2F07%2F27%2Fworld%2Fserbia-sending-supplies-to-compatriots-in-croatia.html%3Fref%3Dcroatia&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACroatian+War+of+Independence" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-170"><a href="#cite_ref-170">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFStephen_Engelberg1991" class="citation news cs1">Stephen Engelberg (December 12, 1991). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1991/12/12/world/germany-raising-hopes-of-croatia.html?scp=5&sq=croatia%201991%20shelling%20civilians&st=cse">"Germany Raising Hopes of Croatia"</a>. The New York Times. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170503055619/http://www.nytimes.com/1991/12/12/world/germany-raising-hopes-of-croatia.html?scp=5&sq=croatia%201991%20shelling%20civilians&st=cse">Archived</a> from the original on May 3, 2017. Retrieved September 27, 2010. <q>Before the war, the Yugoslav Army drew its soldiers from conscription in all of the Yugoslav republics. Now it must rely on Serbian reservists and Serb irregulars who are poorly trained. A recent report by the monitoring mission concluded that the army was routinely shelling civilian areas.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Germany+Raising+Hopes+of+Croatia&rft.date=1991-12-12&rft.au=Stephen+Engelberg&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1991%2F12%2F12%2Fworld%2Fgermany-raising-hopes-of-croatia.html%3Fscp%3D5%26sq%3Dcroatia%25201991%2520shelling%2520civilians%26st%3Dcse&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACroatian+War+of+Independence" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-171"><a href="#cite_ref-171">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1991-10-03-mn-4617-story.html">"Yugoslav Army Driving on Dubrovnik, 2 Other Cities"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Los_Angeles_Times" title="Los Angeles Times">Los Angeles Times</a>. <a href="/wiki/Associated_Press" title="Associated Press">Associated Press</a>. October 3, 1991. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110306170149/http://articles.latimes.com/1991-10-03/news/mn-4617_1_yugoslav-army">Archived</a> from the original on March 6, 2011. Retrieved December 13, 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Los+Angeles+Times&rft.atitle=Yugoslav+Army+Driving+on+Dubrovnik%2C+2+Other+Cities&rft.date=1991-10-03&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.latimes.com%2Farchives%2Fla-xpm-1991-10-03-mn-4617-story.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACroatian+War+of+Independence" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-172"><a href="#cite_ref-172">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCarol_J._Williams1991" class="citation news cs1">Carol J. Williams (November 4, 1991). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1991-11-04-mn-719-story.html">"Belgrade Gets a Final Warning From EC"</a>. Los Angeles Times. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160304230629/http://articles.latimes.com/1991-11-04/news/mn-719_1_final-warning">Archived</a> from the original on March 4, 2016. Retrieved December 13, 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Los+Angeles+Times&rft.atitle=Belgrade+Gets+a+Final+Warning+From+EC&rft.date=1991-11-04&rft.au=Carol+J.+Williams&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.latimes.com%2Farchives%2Fla-xpm-1991-11-04-mn-719-story.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACroatian+War+of+Independence" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-173"><a href="#cite_ref-173">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCharles_T._Powers1991" class="citation news cs1">Charles T. Powers (July 28, 1991). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1991-07-28-mn-503-story.html">"30 Killed as Croatia Battles Rage Unabated"</a>. Los Angeles Times. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160303193105/http://articles.latimes.com/1991-07-28/news/mn-503_1_federal-army">Archived</a> from the original on March 3, 2016. Retrieved December 13, 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Los+Angeles+Times&rft.atitle=30+Killed+as+Croatia+Battles+Rage+Unabated&rft.date=1991-07-28&rft.au=Charles+T.+Powers&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.latimes.com%2Farchives%2Fla-xpm-1991-07-28-mn-503-story.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACroatian+War+of+Independence" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-174"><a href="#cite_ref-174">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1991-12-29-mn-2113-story.html">"Croatia Says Missiles Aimed at Its Fighters"</a>. Los Angeles Times. <a href="/wiki/Reuters" title="Reuters">Reuters</a>. December 29, 1991. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160304055047/http://articles.latimes.com/1991-12-29/news/mn-2113_1_surface-to-surface-missiles">Archived</a> from the original on March 4, 2016. Retrieved December 13, 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Los+Angeles+Times&rft.atitle=Croatia+Says+Missiles+Aimed+at+Its+Fighters&rft.date=1991-12-29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.latimes.com%2Farchives%2Fla-xpm-1991-12-29-mn-2113-story.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACroatian+War+of+Independence" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-175"><a href="#cite_ref-175">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFChristopher_Bellamy1992" class="citation news cs1">Christopher Bellamy (October 10, 1992). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/croatia-built-web-of-contacts-to-evade-weapons-embargo-1556500.html">"Croatia built 'web of contacts' to evade weapons embargo"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Independent" title="The Independent">The Independent</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121110025827/http://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/croatia-built-web-of-contacts-to-evade-weapons-embargo-1556500.html">Archived</a> from the original on November 10, 2012. Retrieved December 13, 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Independent&rft.atitle=Croatia+built+%27web+of+contacts%27+to+evade+weapons+embargo&rft.date=1992-10-10&rft.au=Christopher+Bellamy&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.independent.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fworld%2Fcroatia-built-web-of-contacts-to-evade-weapons-embargo-1556500.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACroatian+War+of+Independence" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-NYT-Arms-Chile-176"><a href="#cite_ref-NYT-Arms-Chile_176-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNathaniel_C._Nash1992" class="citation news cs1">Nathaniel C. Nash (January 11, 1992). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1992/01/11/world/chilean-arms-shipment-to-croatia-stirs-tensions.html?ref=croatia">"Chilean Arms Shipment to Croatia Stirs Tensions"</a>. The New York Times. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170503230443/http://www.nytimes.com/1992/01/11/world/chilean-arms-shipment-to-croatia-stirs-tensions.html?ref=croatia">Archived</a> from the original on May 3, 2017. Retrieved December 16, 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Chilean+Arms+Shipment+to+Croatia+Stirs+Tensions&rft.date=1992-01-11&rft.au=Nathaniel+C.+Nash&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1992%2F01%2F11%2Fworld%2Fchilean-arms-shipment-to-croatia-stirs-tensions.html%3Fref%3Dcroatia&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACroatian+War+of+Independence" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-177"><a href="#cite_ref-177">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFChuck_Sudetic1991" class="citation news cs1"><a href="/wiki/Chuck_Sudetic" title="Chuck Sudetic">Chuck Sudetic</a> (August 24, 1991). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1991/08/24/world/fighting-may-unravel-yugoslav-truce.html?ref=croatia">"Fighting May Unravel Yugoslav Truce"</a>. The New York Times. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130518200455/http://www.nytimes.com/1991/08/24/world/fighting-may-unravel-yugoslav-truce.html?ref=croatia">Archived</a> from the original on May 18, 2013. Retrieved December 15, 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Fighting+May+Unravel+Yugoslav+Truce&rft.date=1991-08-24&rft.au=Chuck+Sudetic&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1991%2F08%2F24%2Fworld%2Ffighting-may-unravel-yugoslav-truce.html%3Fref%3Dcroatia&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACroatian+War+of+Independence" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-178"><a href="#cite_ref-178">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFChuck_Sudetic1991" class="citation news cs1">Chuck Sudetic (August 26, 1991). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1991/08/26/world/new-croatia-strife-after-bonn-warning.html?ref=croatia">"New Croatia Strife After Bonn Warning"</a>. The New York Times. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130518194832/http://www.nytimes.com/1991/08/26/world/new-croatia-strife-after-bonn-warning.html?ref=croatia">Archived</a> from the original on May 18, 2013. Retrieved December 15, 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=New+Croatia+Strife+After+Bonn+Warning&rft.date=1991-08-26&rft.au=Chuck+Sudetic&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1991%2F08%2F26%2Fworld%2Fnew-croatia-strife-after-bonn-warning.html%3Fref%3Dcroatia&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACroatian+War+of+Independence" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-179"><a href="#cite_ref-179">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFStephen_Engelberg1991" class="citation news cs1">Stephen Engelberg (August 3, 1991). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1991/08/03/world/up-to-80-reported-dead-in-croatia-strife.html">"Up to 80 Reported Dead in Croatia Strife"</a>. The New York Times. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170504020543/http://www.nytimes.com/1991/08/03/world/up-to-80-reported-dead-in-croatia-strife.html">Archived</a> from the original on May 4, 2017. Retrieved January 22, 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Up+to+80+Reported+Dead+in+Croatia+Strife&rft.date=1991-08-03&rft.au=Stephen+Engelberg&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1991%2F08%2F03%2Fworld%2Fup-to-80-reported-dead-in-croatia-strife.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACroatian+War+of+Independence" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-180"><a href="#cite_ref-180">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFChuck_Sudetic1991" class="citation news cs1"><a href="/wiki/Chuck_Sudetic" title="Chuck Sudetic">Chuck Sudetic</a> (August 23, 1991). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1991/08/23/world/croatia-angrily-sets-deadline-on-truce.html">"Croatia Angrily Sets Deadline on Truce"</a>. The New York Times. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130518212155/http://www.nytimes.com/1991/08/23/world/croatia-angrily-sets-deadline-on-truce.html">Archived</a> from the original on May 18, 2013. Retrieved January 22, 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Croatia+Angrily+Sets+Deadline+on+Truce&rft.date=1991-08-23&rft.au=Chuck+Sudetic&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1991%2F08%2F23%2Fworld%2Fcroatia-angrily-sets-deadline-on-truce.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACroatian+War+of+Independence" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-181"><a href="#cite_ref-181">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJohn_Tagliabue1991" class="citation news cs1">John Tagliabue (September 2, 1991). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1991/09/02/world/europeans-arrive-in-yugoslavia-to-promote-peace-plan.html">"Europeans Arrive in Yugoslavia to Promote Peace Plan"</a>. The New York Times. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130518183758/http://www.nytimes.com/1991/09/02/world/europeans-arrive-in-yugoslavia-to-promote-peace-plan.html">Archived</a> from the original on May 18, 2013. Retrieved January 22, 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Europeans+Arrive+in+Yugoslavia+to+Promote+Peace+Plan&rft.date=1991-09-02&rft.au=John+Tagliabue&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1991%2F09%2F02%2Fworld%2Feuropeans-arrive-in-yugoslavia-to-promote-peace-plan.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACroatian+War+of+Independence" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-182"><a href="#cite_ref-182">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJohn_Tagliabue1991" class="citation news cs1">John Tagliabue (September 11, 1991). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1991/09/11/world/europeans-are-unable-to-pacify-a-croatian-city.html">"Europeans Are Unable to Pacify a Croatian City"</a>. The New York Times. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130518201411/http://www.nytimes.com/1991/09/11/world/europeans-are-unable-to-pacify-a-croatian-city.html">Archived</a> from the original on May 18, 2013. Retrieved January 22, 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Europeans+Are+Unable+to+Pacify+a+Croatian+City&rft.date=1991-09-11&rft.au=John+Tagliabue&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1991%2F09%2F11%2Fworld%2Feuropeans-are-unable-to-pacify-a-croatian-city.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACroatian+War+of+Independence" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-183"><a href="#cite_ref-183">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAlan_Cowell1991" class="citation news cs1"><a href="/wiki/Alan_S._Cowell" class="mw-redirect" title="Alan S. Cowell">Alan Cowell</a> (September 22, 1991). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1991/09/22/world/croatians-under-fierce-assault-pleas-for-real-truce-are-ignored.html">"Croatians Under Fierce Assault; Pleas for Real Truce Are Ignored"</a>. The New York Times. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170504013950/http://www.nytimes.com/1991/09/22/world/croatians-under-fierce-assault-pleas-for-real-truce-are-ignored.html">Archived</a> from the original on May 4, 2017. Retrieved January 22, 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Croatians+Under+Fierce+Assault%3B+Pleas+for+Real+Truce+Are+Ignored&rft.date=1991-09-22&rft.au=Alan+Cowell&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1991%2F09%2F22%2Fworld%2Fcroatians-under-fierce-assault-pleas-for-real-truce-are-ignored.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACroatian+War+of+Independence" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-BBC-paramilitaries-184"><a href="#cite_ref-BBC-paramilitaries_184-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGabriel_Partos2003" class="citation news cs1">Gabriel Partos (June 13, 2003). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/europe/2988304.stm">"Vukovar massacre: What happened"</a>. BBC News. BBC. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120809191257/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/europe/2988304.stm">Archived</a> from the original on August 9, 2012. Retrieved December 15, 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BBC+News&rft.atitle=Vukovar+massacre%3A+What+happened&rft.date=2003-06-13&rft.au=Gabriel+Partos&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnews.bbc.co.uk%2F2%2Fhi%2Feurope%2F2988304.stm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACroatian+War+of+Independence" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-UNHCR-paramilitaries-185"><a href="#cite_ref-UNHCR-paramilitaries_185-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAndrew_W._Maki2009" class="citation news cs1">Andrew W. Maki (July 10, 2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121017011548/http://www.unhcr.org/refworld/country,,IWPR,,HRV,,4a60421a1e,0.html">"Witness Says Stanisic Supplied Croatia's Serbs With Weapons"</a>. United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees – Refworld. <a href="/wiki/Institute_for_War_and_Peace_Reporting" title="Institute for War and Peace Reporting">Institute for War and Peace Reporting</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.unhcr.org/refworld/country,,IWPR,,HRV,,4a60421a1e,0.html">the original</a> on October 17, 2012. Retrieved December 15, 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=United+Nations+High+Commissioner+for+Refugees+%E2%80%93+Refworld&rft.atitle=Witness+Says+Stanisic+Supplied+Croatia%27s+Serbs+With+Weapons&rft.date=2009-07-10&rft.au=Andrew+W.+Maki&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.unhcr.org%2Frefworld%2Fcountry%2C%2CIWPR%2C%2CHRV%2C%2C4a60421a1e%2C0.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACroatian+War+of+Independence" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-DW-Vukovar-Haunted-186">^ <a href="#cite_ref-DW-Vukovar-Haunted_186-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-DW-Vukovar-Haunted_186-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHelen_Seeney2006" class="citation web cs1">Helen Seeney (August 22, 2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.dw-world.de/dw/article/0,,2129420,00.html">"Croatia: Vukovar is Still Haunted by the Shadow of its Past"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Deutsche_Welle" title="Deutsche Welle">Deutsche Welle</a>. <a href="/wiki/ARD_(broadcaster)" title="ARD (broadcaster)">ARD (broadcaster)</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121024081832/http://www.dw.de/croatia-vukovar-is-still-haunted-by-the-shadow-of-its-past/a-2129420-1">Archived</a> from the original on October 24, 2012. Retrieved December 15, 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Deutsche+Welle&rft.atitle=Croatia%3A+Vukovar+is+Still+Haunted+by+the+Shadow+of+its+Past&rft.date=2006-08-22&rft.au=Helen+Seeney&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dw-world.de%2Fdw%2Farticle%2F0%2C%2C2129420%2C00.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACroatian+War+of+Independence" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-187"><a href="#cite_ref-187">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2001/11/19/world/15000-recall-siege-of-vukovar-in-1991.html">"15,000 Recall Siege of Vukovar in 1991"</a>. The New York Times. November 19, 2001. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130518201851/http://www.nytimes.com/2001/11/19/world/15000-recall-siege-of-vukovar-in-1991.html">Archived</a> from the original on May 18, 2013. Retrieved December 15, 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=15%2C000+Recall+Siege+of+Vukovar+in+1991&rft.date=2001-11-19&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2001%2F11%2F19%2Fworld%2F15000-recall-siege-of-vukovar-in-1991.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACroatian+War+of+Independence" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-188"><a href="#cite_ref-188">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWilliam_Safire1993" class="citation news cs1"><a href="/wiki/William_Safire" title="William Safire">William Safire</a> (March 14, 1993). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1993/03/14/magazine/on-language-ethnic-cleansing.html?scp=1&sq=ethnic%20cleansing%20lexicon&st=cse">"On Language; Ethnic Cleansing"</a>. The New York Times. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130518190327/http://www.nytimes.com/1993/03/14/magazine/on-language-ethnic-cleansing.html?scp=1&sq=ethnic%20cleansing%20lexicon&st=cse">Archived</a> from the original on May 18, 2013. Retrieved September 27, 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=On+Language%3B+Ethnic+Cleansing&rft.date=1993-03-14&rft.au=William+Safire&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1993%2F03%2F14%2Fmagazine%2Fon-language-ethnic-cleansing.html%3Fscp%3D1%26sq%3Dethnic%2520cleansing%2520lexicon%26st%3Dcse&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACroatian+War+of+Independence" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-189"><a href="#cite_ref-189">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFChuck_Sudetic1991" class="citation news cs1"><a href="/wiki/Chuck_Sudetic" title="Chuck Sudetic">Chuck Sudetic</a> (October 3, 1991). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1991/10/04/world/navy-blockade-of-croatia-is-renewed.html?ref=croatia">"Navy Blockade of Croatia Is Renewed"</a>. The New York Times. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130518190437/http://www.nytimes.com/1991/10/04/world/navy-blockade-of-croatia-is-renewed.html?ref=croatia">Archived</a> from the original on May 18, 2013. Retrieved December 16, 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Navy+Blockade+of+Croatia+Is+Renewed&rft.date=1991-10-03&rft.au=Chuck+Sudetic&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1991%2F10%2F04%2Fworld%2Fnavy-blockade-of-croatia-is-renewed.html%3Fref%3Dcroatia&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACroatian+War+of+Independence" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-190"><a href="#cite_ref-190">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1991/10/08/world/yugoslav-planes-attack-croatian-presidential-palace.html">"Yugoslav Planes Attack Croatian Presidential Palace"</a>. The New York Times. October 8, 1991. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130518190737/http://www.nytimes.com/1991/10/08/world/yugoslav-planes-attack-croatian-presidential-palace.html">Archived</a> from the original on May 18, 2013. Retrieved December 13, 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Yugoslav+Planes+Attack+Croatian+Presidential+Palace&rft.date=1991-10-08&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1991%2F10%2F08%2Fworld%2Fyugoslav-planes-attack-croatian-presidential-palace.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACroatian+War+of+Independence" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-191"><a href="#cite_ref-191">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCarol_J._Williams1991" class="citation news cs1">Carol J. Williams (October 8, 1991). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1991-10-08-mn-151-story.html">"Croatia Leader's Palace Attacked"</a>. Los Angeles Times. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131022231436/http://articles.latimes.com/1991-10-08/news/mn-151_1_civil-war">Archived</a> from the original on October 22, 2013. Retrieved January 23, 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Los+Angeles+Times&rft.atitle=Croatia+Leader%27s+Palace+Attacked&rft.date=1991-10-08&rft.au=Carol+J.+Williams&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.latimes.com%2Farchives%2Fla-xpm-1991-10-08-mn-151-story.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACroatian+War+of+Independence" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEBjelajac_et_al.2009249–250-192"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBjelajac_et_al.2009249–250_192-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFBjelajac_et_al.2009">Bjelajac et al. 2009</a>, pp. 249–250. </li> <li id="cite_note-NYTimes-Dubrovnik-9Nov1991-193"><a href="#cite_ref-NYTimes-Dubrovnik-9Nov1991_193-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDavid_Binder1991" class="citation news cs1">David Binder (November 9, 1991). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1991/11/09/world/old-city-totters-in-yugoslav-siege.html?ref=croatia">"Old City Totters in Yugoslav Siege"</a>. The New York Times. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130518212752/http://www.nytimes.com/1991/11/09/world/old-city-totters-in-yugoslav-siege.html?ref=croatia">Archived</a> from the original on May 18, 2013. Retrieved December 16, 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Old+City+Totters+in+Yugoslav+Siege&rft.date=1991-11-09&rft.au=David+Binder&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1991%2F11%2F09%2Fworld%2Fold-city-totters-in-yugoslav-siege.html%3Fref%3Dcroatia&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACroatian+War+of+Independence" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-NYTimes-EUSanctions-9Nov1991-194"><a href="#cite_ref-NYTimes-EUSanctions-9Nov1991_194-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAlan_Riding1991" class="citation news cs1">Alan Riding (November 9, 1991). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1991/11/09/world/european-nations-declare-sanctions-against-belgrade.html?ref=croatia">"European Nations Declare Sanctions Against Belgrade"</a>. The New York Times. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170503005338/http://www.nytimes.com/1991/11/09/world/european-nations-declare-sanctions-against-belgrade.html?ref=croatia">Archived</a> from the original on May 3, 2017. Retrieved December 16, 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=European+Nations+Declare+Sanctions+Against+Belgrade&rft.date=1991-11-09&rft.au=Alan+Riding&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1991%2F11%2F09%2Fworld%2Feuropean-nations-declare-sanctions-against-belgrade.html%3Fref%3Dcroatia&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACroatian+War+of+Independence" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-195"><a href="#cite_ref-195">^</a> The <a href="/wiki/International_Criminal_Tribunal_for_the_former_Yugoslavia" title="International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia">International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia</a> (ICTY) during the trial of Serbian President <a href="/wiki/Slobodan_Milo%C5%A1evi%C4%87" title="Slobodan Milošević">Slobodan Milošević</a>, identified the Dubrovnik Republic as being part of several regions in Croatia that Milošević sought to be incorporated into a "Serb-dominated state". (<a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://www.icty.org/x/cases/slobodan_milosevic/ind/en/040727.pdf">http://www.icty.org/x/cases/slobodan_milosevic/ind/en/040727.pdf</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130520200332/http://www.icty.org/x/cases/slobodan_milosevic/ind/en/040727.pdf">Archived</a> May 20, 2013, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>) (pages 2 to 3 of the original fax print). The ICTY has claimed that the JNA's campaign in the Dubrovnik region was aimed at securing territory for the Dubrovnik Republic. (<a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://www.icty.org/sid/7948">http://www.icty.org/sid/7948</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110408160826/http://www.icty.org/sid/7948">Archived</a> April 8, 2011, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>) </li> <li id="cite_note-196"><a href="#cite_ref-196">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120324123228/http://www.unhcr.org/refworld/country,,,CHRON,HRV,,469f387dc,0.html">"Chronology for Serbs in Croatia – 6 December 1991"</a>. United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees – Refworld. <a href="/wiki/Minorities_at_Risk" title="Minorities at Risk">Minorities at Risk</a>. 2004. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.unhcr.org/refworld/country,,,CHRON,HRV,,469f387dc,0.html">the original</a> on March 24, 2012. Retrieved January 5, 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=United+Nations+High+Commissioner+for+Refugees+%E2%80%93+Refworld&rft.atitle=Chronology+for+Serbs+in+Croatia+%E2%80%93+6+December+1991&rft.date=2004&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.unhcr.org%2Frefworld%2Fcountry%2C%2C%2CCHRON%2CHRV%2C%2C469f387dc%2C0.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACroatian+War+of+Independence" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEBjelajac_et_al.2009245-197"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBjelajac_et_al.2009245_197-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFBjelajac_et_al.2009">Bjelajac et al. 2009</a>, p. 245. </li> <li id="cite_note-NYTimes-Otkos10-198"><a href="#cite_ref-NYTimes-Otkos10_198-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFChuck_Sudetic1991" class="citation news cs1"><a href="/wiki/Chuck_Sudetic" title="Chuck Sudetic">Chuck Sudetic</a> (November 4, 1991). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1991/11/04/world/army-rushes-to-take-a-croatian-town.html?ref=croatia">"Army Rushes to Take a Croatian Town"</a>. The New York Times. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120729183641/http://www.nytimes.com/1991/11/04/world/army-rushes-to-take-a-croatian-town.html">Archived</a> from the original on July 29, 2012. Retrieved 29 July 2012.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Army+Rushes+to+Take+a+Croatian+Town&rft.date=1991-11-04&rft.au=Chuck+Sudetic&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1991%2F11%2F04%2Fworld%2Farmy-rushes-to-take-a-croatian-town.html%3Fref%3Dcroatia&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACroatian+War+of+Independence" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Vjesnik-Otkos-Orkan-199">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Vjesnik-Otkos-Orkan_199-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Vjesnik-Otkos-Orkan_199-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Vjesnik-Otkos-Orkan_199-2">c</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFŽeljko_Krušelj2005" class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Željko Krušelj (December 24, 2005). ""Orkan" i "Otkos" raspršili velikosrpske planove" ["Orkan" and "Otkos" disperse plans of a Greater Serbia]. <a href="/wiki/Vjesnik" title="Vjesnik">Vjesnik</a> (in Croatian). Narodne Novine d.d.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Vjesnik&rft.atitle=%22Orkan%22+i+%22Otkos%22+raspr%C5%A1ili+velikosrpske+planove&rft.date=2005-12-24&rft.au=%C5%BDeljko+Kru%C5%A1elj&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACroatian+War+of+Independence" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-NYT-Vukovar-Captured-200"><a href="#cite_ref-NYT-Vukovar-Captured_200-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFChuck_Sudetic1991" class="citation news cs1"><a href="/wiki/Chuck_Sudetic" title="Chuck Sudetic">Chuck Sudetic</a> (November 18, 1991). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1991/11/18/world/croats-concede-danube-town-s-loss.html?ref=croatia">"Croats Concede Danube Town's Loss"</a>. The New York Times. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230128084628/https://www.nytimes.com/1991/11/18/world/croats-concede-danube-town-s-loss.html?ref=croatia">Archived</a> from the original on January 28, 2023. Retrieved December 15, 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Croats+Concede+Danube+Town%27s+Loss&rft.date=1991-11-18&rft.au=Chuck+Sudetic&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1991%2F11%2F18%2Fworld%2Fcroats-concede-danube-town-s-loss.html%3Fref%3Dcroatia&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACroatian+War+of+Independence" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Independent-Vukovar-Massacre-201"><a href="#cite_ref-Independent-Vukovar-Massacre_201-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFEugene_Brcic1998" class="citation news cs1">Eugene Brcic (June 29, 1998). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.independent.co.uk/news/croats-bury-victims-of-vukovar-massacre-1168387.html">"Croats bury victims of Vukovar massacre"</a>. The Independent. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201103121945/https://www.independent.co.uk/news/croats-bury-victims-of-vukovar-massacre-1168387.html">Archived</a> from the original on November 3, 2020. Retrieved December 15, 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Independent&rft.atitle=Croats+bury+victims+of+Vukovar+massacre&rft.date=1998-06-29&rft.au=Eugene+Brcic&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.independent.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fcroats-bury-victims-of-vukovar-massacre-1168387.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACroatian+War+of+Independence" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-AI-camps-202"><a href="#cite_ref-AI-camps_202-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20101102050019/http://repository.forcedmigration.org/pdf/?pid=fmo:850">"Yugoslavia – further reports of torture"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Amnesty_International" title="Amnesty International">Amnesty International</a>. March 1992. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://repository.forcedmigration.org/pdf/?pid=fmo:850">the original</a> (PDF) on November 2, 2010. 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Retrieved January 20, 2011. <q>Biskupija danas obuhvaća 1368 km2. ... Pola biskupije bilo je okupirano. [Today, the Diocese encompasses 1,368 km2. ... A half of the Diocese was occupied.]</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Dubrova%C4%8Dka+biskupija&rft.pub=Croatian+Bishops%27+Conference&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.hbk.hr%2F%3Ftype%3Dbiskupija%26ID%3D9&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACroatian+War+of+Independence" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-UN-deployment-29Jan91-218"><a href="#cite_ref-UN-deployment-29Jan91_218-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCarol_J._Williams1992" class="citation news cs1">Carol J. Williams (January 29, 1992). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1992-01-29-mn-906-story.html">"Roadblock Stalls U.N.'s Yugoslavia Deployment"</a>. Los Angeles Times. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130614212247/http://www.nytimes.com/1992/01/03/world/yugoslav-factions-agree-to-un-plan-to-halt-civil-war.html">Archived</a> from the original on June 14, 2013. Retrieved December 16, 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Los+Angeles+Times&rft.atitle=Roadblock+Stalls+U.N.%27s+Yugoslavia+Deployment&rft.date=1992-01-29&rft.au=Carol+J.+Williams&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.latimes.com%2Farchives%2Fla-xpm-1992-01-29-mn-906-story.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACroatian+War+of+Independence" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-NYT-UNPROFOR-Expulsions92-219">^ <a href="#cite_ref-NYT-UNPROFOR-Expulsions92_219-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-NYT-UNPROFOR-Expulsions92_219-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCarol_J._Williams1992" class="citation news cs1">Carol J. Williams (May 9, 1992). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1992-05-09-mn-1574-story.html">"Non-Serbs in Croatian Zone Forced to Leave"</a>. The New York Times. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160304210820/http://articles.latimes.com/1992-05-09/news/mn-1574_1_croatian-forces">Archived</a> from the original on March 4, 2016. Retrieved December 16, 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Non-Serbs+in+Croatian+Zone+Forced+to+Leave&rft.date=1992-05-09&rft.au=Carol+J.+Williams&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.latimes.com%2Farchives%2Fla-xpm-1992-05-09-mn-1574-story.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACroatian+War+of+Independence" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-camp-220">^ <a href="#cite_ref-camp_220-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-camp_220-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-camp_220-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-camp_220-3">d</a> <a href="#cite_ref-camp_220-4">e</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20101022065413/http://www.ess.uwe.ac.uk/comexpert/ANX/VIII-01.htm">"Final report of the United Nations Commission of Experts, established pursuant to the UN Security Council Resolution 780 (1992), Annex VIII—Prison camps; Under the Direction of: M. Cherif Bassiouni; S/1994/674/Add.2 (Vol. IV)"</a>. <a href="/wiki/School_of_Humanities,_Languages_and_Social_Sciences_(UWE)" class="mw-redirect" title="School of Humanities, Languages and Social Sciences (UWE)">School of Humanities, Languages and Social Sciences (UWE)</a>. May 27, 1994. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ess.uwe.ac.uk/comexpert/ANX/VIII-01.htm#III">the original</a> on October 22, 2010. Retrieved October 20, 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Final+report+of+the+United+Nations+Commission+of+Experts%2C+established+pursuant+to+the+UN+Security+Council+Resolution+780+%281992%29%2C+Annex+VIII%E2%80%94Prison+camps%3B+Under+the+Direction+of%3A+M.+Cherif+Bassiouni%3B+S%2F1994%2F674%2FAdd.2+%28Vol.+IV%29&rft.pub=School+of+Humanities%2C+Languages+and+Social+Sciences+%28UWE%29&rft.date=1994-05-27&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ess.uwe.ac.uk%2Fcomexpert%2FANX%2FVIII-01.htm%23III&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACroatian+War+of+Independence" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-NYT-Miljevci-24Jun1992-221"><a href="#cite_ref-NYT-Miljevci-24Jun1992_221-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMichael_T._Kaufman1992" class="citation news cs1"><a href="/wiki/Michael_T._Kaufman" title="Michael T. Kaufman">Michael T. Kaufman</a> (June 24, 1992). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1992/06/24/world/croatian-troops-hit-serbian-area.html?ref=croatia">"Croatian Troops Hit Serbian Area"</a>. The New York Times. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130518201739/http://www.nytimes.com/1992/06/24/world/croatian-troops-hit-serbian-area.html?ref=croatia">Archived</a> from the original on May 18, 2013. Retrieved December 17, 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Croatian+Troops+Hit+Serbian+Area&rft.date=1992-06-24&rft.au=Michael+T.+Kaufman&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1992%2F06%2F24%2Fworld%2Fcroatian-troops-hit-serbian-area.html%3Fref%3Dcroatia&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACroatian+War+of+Independence" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-NYT-Dubrovnik-15Jul1992-222"><a href="#cite_ref-NYT-Dubrovnik-15Jul1992_222-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMichael_T._Kaufman1992" class="citation news cs1"><a href="/wiki/Michael_T._Kaufman" title="Michael T. Kaufman">Michael T. Kaufman</a> (July 15, 1992). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1992/07/15/world/the-walls-and-the-will-of-dubrovnik.html?ref=croatia">"The Walls and the Will of Dubrovnik"</a>. The New York Times. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130518200602/http://www.nytimes.com/1992/07/15/world/the-walls-and-the-will-of-dubrovnik.html?ref=croatia">Archived</a> from the original on May 18, 2013. Retrieved December 17, 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=The+Walls+and+the+Will+of+Dubrovnik&rft.date=1992-07-15&rft.au=Michael+T.+Kaufman&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1992%2F07%2F15%2Fworld%2Fthe-walls-and-the-will-of-dubrovnik.html%3Fref%3Dcroatia&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACroatian+War+of+Independence" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-223"><a href="#cite_ref-223">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.upi.com/amp/Archives/1992/10/18/Last-Yugoslav-army-troops-withdrawing-from-Croatia/7791719380800/">"Last Yugoslav army troops withdrawing from Croatia"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Last+Yugoslav+army+troops+withdrawing+from+Croatia&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.upi.com%2Famp%2FArchives%2F1992%2F10%2F18%2FLast-Yugoslav-army-troops-withdrawing-from-Croatia%2F7791719380800%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACroatian+War+of+Independence" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-UN-UNMOP-Background-224">^ <a href="#cite_ref-UN-UNMOP-Background_224-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-UN-UNMOP-Background_224-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.un.org/en/peacekeeping/missions/past/unmop/background.html">"Prevlaka Peninsula—UNMOP—Background"</a>. United Nations. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100228174452/http://www.un.org/en/peacekeeping/missions/past/unmop/background.html">Archived</a> from the original on February 28, 2010. Retrieved December 17, 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Prevlaka+Peninsula%E2%80%94UNMOP%E2%80%94Background&rft.pub=United+Nations&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.un.org%2Fen%2Fpeacekeeping%2Fmissions%2Fpast%2Funmop%2Fbackground.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACroatian+War+of+Independence" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-NYT-Maslenica-24Jan92-225"><a href="#cite_ref-NYT-Maslenica-24Jan92_225-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFChuck_Sudetic1993" class="citation news cs1"><a href="/wiki/Chuck_Sudetic" title="Chuck Sudetic">Chuck Sudetic</a> (January 24, 1993). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1993/01/24/world/croats-battle-serbs-for-a-key-bridge-near-the-adriatic.html?scp=3&sq=maslenica&st=cse">"Croats Battle Serbs for a Key Bridge Near the Adriatic"</a>. The New York Times. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130518194149/http://www.nytimes.com/1993/01/24/world/croats-battle-serbs-for-a-key-bridge-near-the-adriatic.html?scp=3&sq=maslenica&st=cse">Archived</a> from the original on May 18, 2013. Retrieved January 21, 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Croats+Battle+Serbs+for+a+Key+Bridge+Near+the+Adriatic&rft.date=1993-01-24&rft.au=Chuck+Sudetic&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1993%2F01%2F24%2Fworld%2Fcroats-battle-serbs-for-a-key-bridge-near-the-adriatic.html%3Fscp%3D3%26sq%3Dmaslenica%26st%3Dcse&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACroatian+War+of+Independence" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEBjelajac_et_al.2009242-226"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBjelajac_et_al.2009242_226-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFBjelajac_et_al.2009">Bjelajac et al. 2009</a>, p. 242. </li> <li id="cite_note-NYT-Cosic-25Jan92-227"><a href="#cite_ref-NYT-Cosic-25Jan92_227-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFChuck_Sudetic1992" class="citation news cs1"><a href="/wiki/Chuck_Sudetic" title="Chuck Sudetic">Chuck Sudetic</a> (January 25, 1992). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1993/01/25/world/yugoslav-leader-threatens-croats.html?sq=maslenica&scp=4&st=cse">"Yugoslav Leader Threatens Croats"</a>. The New York Times. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180729081856/https://www.nytimes.com/1993/01/25/world/yugoslav-leader-threatens-croats.html?sq=maslenica&scp=4&st=cse">Archived</a> from the original on July 29, 2018. Retrieved January 21, 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Yugoslav+Leader+Threatens+Croats&rft.date=1992-01-25&rft.au=Chuck+Sudetic&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1993%2F01%2F25%2Fworld%2Fyugoslav-leader-threatens-croats.html%3Fsq%3Dmaslenica%26scp%3D4%26st%3Dcse&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACroatian+War+of+Independence" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-NovaTV-Maslenica-20Jan07-228"><a href="#cite_ref-NovaTV-Maslenica-20Jan07_228-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://dnevnik.hr/vijesti/hrvatska/maslenica-obiljezava-14-obljetnicu.html">"'Maslenica' obilježava 14.obljetnicu"</a> ['Maslenica' marks its 14th anniversary]. dnevnik.hr (in Croatian). <a href="/wiki/Nova_TV_(Croatia)" title="Nova TV (Croatia)">Nova TV (Croatia)</a>. January 20, 2007. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120309153635/http://dnevnik.hr/vijesti/hrvatska/maslenica-obiljezava-14-obljetnicu.html">Archived</a> from the original on March 9, 2012. Retrieved January 21, 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=dnevnik.hr&rft.atitle=%27Maslenica%27+obilje%C5%BEava+14.obljetnicu&rft.date=2007-01-20&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fdnevnik.hr%2Fvijesti%2Fhrvatska%2Fmaslenica-obiljezava-14-obljetnicu.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACroatian+War+of+Independence" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-NYT-Peruca-29Jan92-229">^ <a href="#cite_ref-NYT-Peruca-29Jan92_229-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-NYT-Peruca-29Jan92_229-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJohn_Darnton1992" class="citation news cs1"><a href="/wiki/John_Darnton" title="John Darnton">John Darnton</a> (January 29, 1992). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1993/01/29/world/battle-for-dam-in-croatia-grows-ousting-un-force.html?pagewanted=all">"Battle for Dam in Croatia Grows, Ousting U.N. Force"</a>. The New York Times. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180729085029/https://www.nytimes.com/1993/01/29/world/battle-for-dam-in-croatia-grows-ousting-un-force.html?pagewanted=all">Archived</a> from the original on July 29, 2018. Retrieved January 21, 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Battle+for+Dam+in+Croatia+Grows%2C+Ousting+U.N.+Force&rft.date=1992-01-29&rft.au=John+Darnton&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1993%2F01%2F29%2Fworld%2Fbattle-for-dam-in-croatia-grows-ousting-un-force.html%3Fpagewanted%3Dall&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACroatian+War+of+Independence" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-NYT-35tons-29Jan92-230">^ <a href="#cite_ref-NYT-35tons-29Jan92_230-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-NYT-35tons-29Jan92_230-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJohn_Darnton1992" class="citation news cs1"><a href="/wiki/John_Darnton" title="John Darnton">John Darnton</a> (January 29, 1992). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1993/01/30/world/croats-rush-work-on-crumbling-dam.html?sq=maslenica&scp=10&st=cse">"Croats Rush Work on Crumbling Dam"</a>. The New York Times. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180729082208/https://www.nytimes.com/1993/01/30/world/croats-rush-work-on-crumbling-dam.html?sq=maslenica&scp=10&st=cse">Archived</a> from the original on July 29, 2018. Retrieved January 21, 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Croats+Rush+Work+on+Crumbling+Dam&rft.date=1992-01-29&rft.au=John+Darnton&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1993%2F01%2F30%2Fworld%2Fcroats-rush-work-on-crumbling-dam.html%3Fsq%3Dmaslenica%26scp%3D10%26st%3Dcse&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACroatian+War+of+Independence" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-LATimes-Peruca-30Jan93-231"><a href="#cite_ref-LATimes-Peruca-30Jan93_231-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCarol_J._Williams1993" class="citation news cs1">Carol J. Williams (January 30, 1993). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1993-01-30-mn-1902-story.html">"Croats Rush to Drain Massive Lake Behind Dam"</a>. Los Angeles Times. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120111191952/http://articles.latimes.com/1993-01-30/news/mn-1902_1_dam-croats-lake">Archived</a> from the original on January 11, 2012. Retrieved December 13, 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Los+Angeles+Times&rft.atitle=Croats+Rush+to+Drain+Massive+Lake+Behind+Dam&rft.date=1993-01-30&rft.au=Carol+J.+Williams&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.latimes.com%2Farchives%2Fla-xpm-1993-01-30-mn-1902-story.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACroatian+War+of+Independence" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Independent-Peruca-Gray-232"><a href="#cite_ref-Independent-Peruca-Gray_232-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTom_Wilkie1995" class="citation news cs1">Tom Wilkie (September 16, 1995). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/unsung-army-officer-saved-20000-lives-1601273.html">"Unsung army officer saved 20,000 lives"</a>. The Independent. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20141223041934/http://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/unsung-army-officer-saved-20000-lives-1601273.html">Archived</a> from the original on December 23, 2014. Retrieved December 16, 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Independent&rft.atitle=Unsung+army+officer+saved+20%2C000+lives&rft.date=1995-09-16&rft.au=Tom+Wilkie&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.independent.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fuk%2Funsung-army-officer-saved-20000-lives-1601273.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACroatian+War+of+Independence" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-NYT-Medak-3Dec2002-233"><a href="#cite_ref-NYT-Medak-3Dec2002_233-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDaniel_Simpson2002" class="citation news cs1">Daniel Simpson (December 3, 2002). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2002/12/03/world/croatia-protects-a-general-charged-with-war-crimes.html?pagewanted=2">"Croatia Protects a General Charged With War Crimes"</a>. The New York Times. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130518212359/http://www.nytimes.com/2002/12/03/world/croatia-protects-a-general-charged-with-war-crimes.html?pagewanted=2">Archived</a> from the original on May 18, 2013. Retrieved January 21, 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Croatia+Protects+a+General+Charged+With+War+Crimes&rft.date=2002-12-03&rft.au=Daniel+Simpson&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2002%2F12%2F03%2Fworld%2Fcroatia-protects-a-general-charged-with-war-crimes.html%3Fpagewanted%3D2&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACroatian+War+of+Independence" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-PPCLI-234"><a href="#cite_ref-PPCLI_234-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLee_Windsor2001" class="citation journal cs1">Lee Windsor (2001). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110610152922/http://www.army.forces.gc.ca/caj/documents/vol_04/iss_3/CAJ_vol4.3_08_e.pdf">"Professionalism Under Fire"</a> (PDF). The Army Doctrine and Training Bulletin. 4 (3). <a href="/wiki/Canadian_Forces_Land_Force_Command" class="mw-redirect" title="Canadian Forces Land Force Command">Canadian Forces Land Force Command</a>: 20–27. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.army.forces.gc.ca/caj/documents/vol_04/iss_3/CAJ_vol4.3_08_e.pdf">the original</a> (PDF) on June 10, 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Army+Doctrine+and+Training+Bulletin&rft.atitle=Professionalism+Under+Fire&rft.volume=4&rft.issue=3&rft.pages=20-27&rft.date=2001&rft.au=Lee+Windsor&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.army.forces.gc.ca%2Fcaj%2Fdocuments%2Fvol_04%2Fiss_3%2FCAJ_vol4.3_08_e.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACroatian+War+of+Independence" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Nacional-Medak-Canada-235"><a href="#cite_ref-Nacional-Medak-Canada_235-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nacional.hr/clanak/10445/kanadani-odlikovani-za-laznu-bitku">"Kanađani odlikovani za lažnu bitku"</a> [Canadians decorated for fictitious battle] (in Croatian). Nacional. December 11, 2002. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120527135043/http://www.nacional.hr/clanak/10445/kanadani-odlikovani-za-laznu-bitku">Archived</a> from the original on May 27, 2012. Retrieved January 25, 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Kana%C4%91ani+odlikovani+za+la%C5%BEnu+bitku&rft.date=2002-12-11&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nacional.hr%2Fclanak%2F10445%2Fkanadani-odlikovani-za-laznu-bitku&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACroatian+War+of+Independence" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Canada-Com-Medak-myth-236"><a href="#cite_ref-Canada-Com-Medak-myth_236-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121109205327/http://www.canada.com/ottawacitizen/news/story.html?id=bf494a0f-2b8a-4b31-9b5a-a71ddf1f78a2">"Medak Pocket battle 'a myth'"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Canada.com" class="mw-redirect" title="Canada.com">Canada.com</a>. <a href="/wiki/Postmedia_News" class="mw-redirect" title="Postmedia News">Postmedia News</a>. September 20, 2007. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.canada.com/ottawacitizen/news/story.html?id=bf494a0f-2b8a-4b31-9b5a-a71ddf1f78a2">the original</a> on November 9, 2012. Retrieved January 25, 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Canada.com&rft.atitle=Medak+Pocket+battle+%27a+myth%27&rft.date=2007-09-20&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.canada.com%2Fottawacitizen%2Fnews%2Fstory.html%3Fid%3Dbf494a0f-2b8a-4b31-9b5a-a71ddf1f78a2&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACroatian+War+of+Independence" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-NovaTV-Medak-Canada-237"><a href="#cite_ref-NovaTV-Medak-Canada_237-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://dnevnik.hr/vijesti/hrvatska/policajac-un-a-cijeli-medacki-dzep-bio-planski-unisten.html">"Policajac UN-a: Cijeli Medački džep bio planski uništen"</a> [UN Police Officer: Entire Medak Pocket was Destroyed on Purpose]. dnevnik.hr (in Croatian). <a href="/wiki/Nova_TV_(Croatia)" title="Nova TV (Croatia)">Nova TV</a>. February 21, 2008. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110522134414/http://dnevnik.hr/vijesti/hrvatska/policajac-un-a-cijeli-medacki-dzep-bio-planski-unisten.html">Archived</a> from the original on May 22, 2011. Retrieved January 25, 2011. <q>Upitan o navodnom sukobu Hrvatske vojske i kanadskog bataljuna McGuinnes je rekao da je do razmjene vatre došlo jednom ili dva puta, ali da ozlijeđenih nije bilo. [Questioned on an alleged clash of Croatian army and the Canadian battalion, McGuinnes said that shots were exchanged once or twice, but there were no injuries]</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=dnevnik.hr&rft.atitle=Policajac+UN-a%3A+Cijeli+Meda%C4%8Dki+d%C5%BEep+bio+planski+uni%C5%A1ten&rft.date=2008-02-21&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fdnevnik.hr%2Fvijesti%2Fhrvatska%2Fpolicajac-un-a-cijeli-medacki-dzep-bio-planski-unisten.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACroatian+War+of+Independence" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-238"><a href="#cite_ref-238">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://dnevnik.hr/vijesti/hrvatska/pukovnik-unprofor-a-hv-se-nije-sukobio-s-plavim-kacigama-2.html">"Pukovnik UNPROFOR-a: HV se nije sukobio s plavim kacigama"</a> [UNPROFOR colonel: Croatian army did not clash with the blue helmets]. dnevnik.hr (in Croatian). Nova TV. February 20, 2008. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131014233903/http://dnevnik.hr/vijesti/hrvatska/pukovnik-unprofor-a-hv-se-nije-sukobio-s-plavim-kacigama-2.html">Archived</a> from the original on October 14, 2013. Retrieved January 25, 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=dnevnik.hr&rft.atitle=Pukovnik+UNPROFOR-a%3A+HV+se+nije+sukobio+s+plavim+kacigama&rft.date=2008-02-20&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fdnevnik.hr%2Fvijesti%2Fhrvatska%2Fpukovnik-unprofor-a-hv-se-nije-sukobio-s-plavim-kacigama-2.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACroatian+War+of+Independence" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-239"><a href="#cite_ref-239">^</a> <a href="#Milošević_Indictment">Milošević indictment</a>, p. 22 </li> <li id="cite_note-240"><a href="#cite_ref-240">^</a> <a href="#Martić_Verdict">Martić verdict</a>, p. 112 </li> <li id="cite_note-241"><a href="#cite_ref-241">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170624063707/http://www.sense-agency.com/icty/martic-owed-his-fame-to-the-knin-roadblocks.29.html?cat_id=1&news_id=9441">"Martic Owed His Fame to The Knin Roadblocks"</a>. Sense-Agency. January 16, 2006. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.sense-agency.com/icty/martic-owed-his-fame-to-the-knin-roadblocks.29.html?cat_id=1&news_id=9441">the original</a> on June 24, 2017. Retrieved September 11, 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Martic+Owed+His+Fame+to+The+Knin+Roadblocks&rft.pub=Sense-Agency&rft.date=2006-01-16&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.sense-agency.com%2Ficty%2Fmartic-owed-his-fame-to-the-knin-roadblocks.29.html%3Fcat_id%3D1%26news_id%3D9441&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACroatian+War+of+Independence" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-242"><a href="#cite_ref-242">^</a> <a href="#Martić_Verdict">Martić verdict</a>, p. 125 Efforts to unify the Croatian Krajina and the Bosnian Krajina continued throughout 1992 until 1995. The evidence shows that the RSK leadership sought an alliance, and eventually unification, with the RS in BiH and that Milan Martić was in favour of such unification. A letter dated April 3, 1993 from, inter alia, Milan Martic as minister of the interior to the Assembly of the RS, written on behalf of "the Serbs from the RSK", advocates a joinder of the "two Serbian states as the first stage in the establishment of a state of all Serbs". Moreover, in this regard, the Trial Chamber recalls the evidence concerning operation Koridor 92. On January 21, 1994, during the election campaign for the RSK presidential elections, Milan Martić stated that he would "speed up the process of unification" and "pass on the baton to our all Serbian leader Slobodan Milosevic." </li> <li id="cite_note-243"><a href="#cite_ref-243">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20040921050927/http://www.ohr.int/other-doc/un-res-bih/default.asp?content_id=7106">"UN Security Council resolution 871 (1993) on the situation in Former Yugoslavia"</a>. October 3, 1993. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ohr.int/other-doc/un-res-bih/default.asp?content_id=7106">the original</a> on September 21, 2004. Retrieved September 11, 2010. <q>7. Stresses the importance it attaches, as a first step towards the implementation of the United Nations peace-keeping plan for the Republic of Croatia, to the process of restoration of the authority of the Republic of Croatia in the pink zones, and in this context calls for the revival of the Joint Commission established under the chairmanship of UNPROFOR; 8. Urges all the parties and others concerned to cooperate with UNPROFOR in reaching and implementing an agreement on confidence-building measures including the restoration of electricity, water and communications in all regions of the Republic of Croatia, and stresses in this context the importance it attaches to the opening of the railroad between Zagreb and Split, the highway between Zagreb and Zupanja, and the Adriatic oil pipeline, securing the uninterrupted traffic across the Maslenica strait, and restoring the supply of electricity and water to all regions of the Republic of Croatia including the United Nations Protected Areas.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=UN+Security+Council+resolution+871+%281993%29+on+the+situation+in+Former+Yugoslavia&rft.date=1993-10-03&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ohr.int%2Fother-doc%2Fun-res-bih%2Fdefault.asp%3Fcontent_id%3D7106&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACroatian+War+of+Independence" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-244"><a href="#cite_ref-244">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJohn_F._Burns1992" class="citation news cs1"><a href="/wiki/John_Fisher_Burns" title="John Fisher Burns">John F. Burns</a> (July 6, 1992). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1992/07/06/world/croats-claim-their-own-slice-of-bosnia.html?ref=croatia">"Croats Claim Their Own Slice of Bosnia"</a>. The New York Times. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130518213422/http://www.nytimes.com/1992/07/06/world/croats-claim-their-own-slice-of-bosnia.html?ref=croatia">Archived</a> from the original on May 18, 2013. Retrieved December 17, 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Croats+Claim+Their+Own+Slice+of+Bosnia&rft.date=1992-07-06&rft.au=John+F.+Burns&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1992%2F07%2F06%2Fworld%2Fcroats-claim-their-own-slice-of-bosnia.html%3Fref%3Dcroatia&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACroatian+War+of+Independence" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-245"><a href="#cite_ref-245">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMeznaricZlatkovic_Winter1993" class="citation journal cs1">Meznaric, Silva; Zlatkovic Winter, Jelena (February 1993). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://pi.library.yorku.ca/ojs/index.php/refuge/article/download/21183/19854">"Forced Migration and Refugee Flows in Croatia, Slovenia and Bosnia-Herzegovina: Early Warning, Beginning and Current State of Flows"</a>. Refuge. 12 (7): 3–4. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.25071%2F1920-7336.21183">10.25071/1920-7336.21183</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20141231193812/http://pi.library.yorku.ca/ojs/index.php/refuge/article/download/21183/19854">Archived</a> from the original on December 31, 2014. Retrieved December 31, 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Refuge&rft.atitle=Forced+Migration+and+Refugee+Flows+in+Croatia%2C+Slovenia+and+Bosnia-Herzegovina%3A+Early+Warning%2C+Beginning+and+Current+State+of+Flows&rft.volume=12&rft.issue=7&rft.pages=3-4&rft.date=1993-02&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.25071%2F1920-7336.21183&rft.aulast=Meznaric&rft.aufirst=Silva&rft.au=Zlatkovic+Winter%2C+Jelena&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fpi.library.yorku.ca%2Fojs%2Findex.php%2Frefuge%2Farticle%2Fdownload%2F21183%2F19854&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACroatian+War+of+Independence" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Guardian-BosnianRefugees-1992-246"><a href="#cite_ref-Guardian-BosnianRefugees-1992_246-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFYigan_Chazan1992" class="citation news cs1">Yigan Chazan (June 9, 1992). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/world/1992/jun/09/warcrimes">"Croatian coast straining under 200,000 refugees: Yigan Chazan in Split finds room running out for the many escaping from war in Bosnia"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Guardian" title="The Guardian">The Guardian</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200406110957/https://www.theguardian.com/world/1992/jun/09/warcrimes">Archived</a> from the original on April 6, 2020. Retrieved December 31, 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=Croatian+coast+straining+under+200%2C000+refugees%3A+Yigan+Chazan+in+Split+finds+room+running+out+for+the+many+escaping+from+war+in+Bosnia&rft.date=1992-06-09&rft.au=Yigan+Chazan&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fworld%2F1992%2Fjun%2F09%2Fwarcrimes&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACroatian+War+of+Independence" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-247"><a href="#cite_ref-247">^</a> <a href="#Blaskovich">Blaskovich (1997)</a>, p. 103. </li> <li id="cite_note-NYT-Troops-in-Bosnia-248"><a href="#cite_ref-NYT-Troops-in-Bosnia_248-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPaul_Lewis1994" class="citation news cs1">Paul Lewis (February 4, 1994). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1994/02/04/world/un-security-council-warns-croatia-on-troops-in-bosnia.html?ref=croatia">"U.N. Security Council Warns Croatia on Troops in Bosnia"</a>. The New York Times. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130518201923/http://www.nytimes.com/1994/02/04/world/un-security-council-warns-croatia-on-troops-in-bosnia.html?ref=croatia">Archived</a> from the original on May 18, 2013. Retrieved December 17, 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=U.N.+Security+Council+Warns+Croatia+on+Troops+in+Bosnia&rft.date=1994-02-04&rft.au=Paul+Lewis&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1994%2F02%2F04%2Fworld%2Fun-security-council-warns-croatia-on-troops-in-bosnia.html%3Fref%3Dcroatia&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACroatian+War+of+Independence" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-LAT-USpressure-WashAgr-249"><a href="#cite_ref-LAT-USpressure-WashAgr_249-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDoyle_McManus1994" class="citation news cs1"><a href="/wiki/Doyle_McManus" title="Doyle McManus">Doyle McManus</a> (February 25, 1994). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1994-02-25-mn-27191-story.html">"Croats, Muslims Summoned to U.S. for Talks"</a>. Los Angeles Times. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160305204113/http://articles.latimes.com/1994-02-25/news/mn-27191_1_bosnian-muslims">Archived</a> from the original on March 5, 2016. Retrieved December 17, 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Los+Angeles+Times&rft.atitle=Croats%2C+Muslims+Summoned+to+U.S.+for+Talks&rft.date=1994-02-25&rft.au=Doyle+McManus&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.latimes.com%2Farchives%2Fla-xpm-1994-02-25-mn-27191-story.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACroatian+War+of+Independence" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-NYT-Bosnia-Croatia-truce-250"><a href="#cite_ref-NYT-Bosnia-Croatia-truce_250-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWilliam_E._Schmidt1994" class="citation news cs1">William E. Schmidt (February 24, 1994). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1994/02/24/world/croats-and-muslims-reach-truce-to-end-the-other-bosnia-conflict.html?ref=croatia">"Croats and Muslims Reach Truce To End the Other Bosnia Conflict"</a>. The New York Times. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130518190001/http://www.nytimes.com/1994/02/24/world/croats-and-muslims-reach-truce-to-end-the-other-bosnia-conflict.html?ref=croatia">Archived</a> from the original on May 18, 2013. Retrieved December 17, 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Croats+and+Muslims+Reach+Truce+To+End+the+Other+Bosnia+Conflict&rft.date=1994-02-24&rft.au=William+E.+Schmidt&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1994%2F02%2F24%2Fworld%2Fcroats-and-muslims-reach-truce-to-end-the-other-bosnia-conflict.html%3Fref%3Dcroatia&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACroatian+War+of+Independence" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-NYT-WashingtonAgreement-05Mar1994-251"><a href="#cite_ref-NYT-WashingtonAgreement-05Mar1994_251-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFStephen_Kinzer1994" class="citation news cs1"><a href="/wiki/Stephen_Kinzer" title="Stephen Kinzer">Stephen Kinzer</a> (March 4, 1994). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1994/03/05/world/croatian-leader-backs-pact-by-bosnia-s-muslims-and-croats.html?ref=croatia">"Croatian Leader Backs Pact by Bosnia's Muslims and Croats"</a>. The New York Times. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130518190653/http://www.nytimes.com/1994/03/05/world/croatian-leader-backs-pact-by-bosnia-s-muslims-and-croats.html?ref=croatia">Archived</a> from the original on May 18, 2013. Retrieved December 17, 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Croatian+Leader+Backs+Pact+by+Bosnia%27s+Muslims+and+Croats&rft.date=1994-03-04&rft.au=Stephen+Kinzer&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1994%2F03%2F05%2Fworld%2Fcroatian-leader-backs-pact-by-bosnia-s-muslims-and-croats.html%3Fref%3Dcroatia&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACroatian+War+of+Independence" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-252"><a href="#cite_ref-252">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/bosnia-and-herzegovina/">"Bosnia and Herzegovina—Background"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_World_Factbook" title="The World Factbook">The World Factbook</a>. <a href="/wiki/Central_Intelligence_Agency" title="Central Intelligence Agency">Central Intelligence Agency</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210124195757/https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/bosnia-and-herzegovina/">Archived</a> from the original on January 24, 2021. Retrieved September 11, 2010. <q>Bosnia and Herzegovina's declaration of sovereignty in October 1991 was followed by a declaration of independence from the former Yugoslavia on March 3, 1992 after a referendum boycotted by ethnic Serbs. The Bosnian Serbs—supported by neighboring Serbia and Montenegro—responded with armed resistance aimed at partitioning the republic along ethnic lines and joining Serb-held areas to form a "Greater Serbia". In March 1994, Bosniaks and Croats reduced the number of warring factions from three to two by signing an agreement creating a joint Bosniak/Croat Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+World+Factbook&rft.atitle=Bosnia+and+Herzegovina%E2%80%94Background&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cia.gov%2Fthe-world-factbook%2Fcountries%2Fbosnia-and-herzegovina%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACroatian+War+of+Independence" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-A3-reopens-1994-253"><a href="#cite_ref-A3-reopens-1994_253-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFStephen_Kinzer1995" class="citation news cs1"><a href="/wiki/Stephen_Kinzer" title="Stephen Kinzer">Stephen Kinzer</a> (January 4, 1995). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1995/01/04/world/opened-road-in-croatia-path-to-peace.html">"Opened Road in Croatia: Path to Peace?"</a>. The New York Times. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121111171237/http://www.nytimes.com/1995/01/04/world/opened-road-in-croatia-path-to-peace.html">Archived</a> from the original on November 11, 2012. Retrieved December 17, 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Opened+Road+in+Croatia%3A+Path+to+Peace%3F&rft.date=1995-01-04&rft.au=Stephen+Kinzer&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1995%2F01%2F04%2Fworld%2Fopened-road-in-croatia-path-to-peace.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACroatian+War+of+Independence" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-254"><a href="#cite_ref-254">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRoger_Cohen1994" class="citation news cs1"><a href="/wiki/Roger_Cohen" title="Roger Cohen">Roger Cohen</a> (December 12, 1994). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1994/12/02/world/conflict-in-the-balkans-in-croatia-balkan-war-may-spread-into-croatia.html?scp=1&sq=krajina%20biha%C4%87%201994&st=cse">"Conflict in the Balkans: In Croatia; Balkan War May Spread Into Croatia"</a>. The New York Times. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230512165911/https://www.nytimes.com/1994/12/02/world/conflict-in-the-balkans-in-croatia-balkan-war-may-spread-into-croatia.html?scp=1&sq=krajina%20biha%C4%87%201994&st=cse">Archived</a> from the original on May 12, 2023. Retrieved October 13, 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Conflict+in+the+Balkans%3A+In+Croatia%3B+Balkan+War+May+Spread+Into+Croatia&rft.date=1994-12-12&rft.au=Roger+Cohen&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1994%2F12%2F02%2Fworld%2Fconflict-in-the-balkans-in-croatia-balkan-war-may-spread-into-croatia.html%3Fscp%3D1%26sq%3Dkrajina%2520biha%25C4%2587%25201994%26st%3Dcse&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACroatian+War+of+Independence" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-255"><a href="#cite_ref-255">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRoger_Cohen1994" class="citation news cs1"><a href="/wiki/Roger_Cohen" title="Roger Cohen">Roger Cohen</a> (October 28, 1994). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1994/11/28/world/hard-fought-ground.html?pagewanted=all&src=pm">"Hard-Fought Ground"</a>. The New York Times. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130518194603/http://www.nytimes.com/1994/11/28/world/hard-fought-ground.html?pagewanted=all&src=pm">Archived</a> from the original on May 18, 2013. Retrieved November 20, 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Hard-Fought+Ground&rft.date=1994-10-28&rft.au=Roger+Cohen&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1994%2F11%2F28%2Fworld%2Fhard-fought-ground.html%3Fpagewanted%3Dall%26src%3Dpm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACroatian+War+of+Independence" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-b182183-256"><a href="#cite_ref-b182183_256-0">^</a> <a href="#Bucknam">Bucknam (2003)</a>, pp. 182–83 </li> <li id="cite_note-HuffingtonPost-MPRI-Shoyster-257"><a href="#cite_ref-HuffingtonPost-MPRI-Shoyster_257-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDavid_Isenberg2010" class="citation web cs1">David Isenberg (August 19, 2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.huffingtonpost.com/david-isenberg/mpri-couldnt-read-minds-l_b_688000.html">"MPRI Couldn't Read Minds: Let's Sue Them"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Huffington_Post" class="mw-redirect" title="The Huffington Post">The Huffington Post</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100902143826/http://www.huffingtonpost.com/david-isenberg/mpri-couldnt-read-minds-l_b_688000.html">Archived</a> from the original on September 2, 2010. Retrieved January 17, 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Huffington+Post&rft.atitle=MPRI+Couldn%27t+Read+Minds%3A+Let%27s+Sue+Them&rft.date=2010-08-19&rft.au=David+Isenberg&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.huffingtonpost.com%2Fdavid-isenberg%2Fmpri-couldnt-read-minds-l_b_688000.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACroatian+War+of+Independence" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-NYTimes-UNPROFOR-dismissed-258"><a href="#cite_ref-NYTimes-UNPROFOR-dismissed_258-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1995/01/13/world/croatia-tells-un-troop-accord-ends.html?ref=croatia">"Croatia Tells U.N. Troop Accord Ends"</a>. The New York Times. January 13, 1995. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130518202335/http://www.nytimes.com/1995/01/13/world/croatia-tells-un-troop-accord-ends.html?ref=croatia">Archived</a> from the original on May 18, 2013. Retrieved December 18, 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Croatia+Tells+U.N.+Troop+Accord+Ends&rft.date=1995-01-13&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1995%2F01%2F13%2Fworld%2Fcroatia-tells-un-troop-accord-ends.html%3Fref%3Dcroatia&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACroatian+War+of+Independence" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-259"><a href="#cite_ref-259">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110629195443/http://www.unhchr.ch/Huridocda/Huridoca.nsf/TestFrame/3feb9ee66c4dad69802567ba00335341?Opendocument">"The situation in the occupied territories of Croatia"</a>. United Nations General Assembly. February 9, 1995. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.unhchr.ch/Huridocda/Huridoca.nsf/TestFrame/3feb9ee66c4dad69802567ba00335341?Opendocument">the original</a> on June 29, 2011. Retrieved December 14, 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+situation+in+the+occupied+territories+of+Croatia&rft.pub=United+Nations+General+Assembly&rft.date=1995-02-09&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.unhchr.ch%2FHuridocda%2FHuridoca.nsf%2FTestFrame%2F3feb9ee66c4dad69802567ba00335341%3FOpendocument&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACroatian+War+of+Independence" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-260"><a href="#cite_ref-260">^</a> <a href="#Martić_Verdict">Martić Verdict</a>, p. 58 </li> <li id="cite_note-NYTimes-UNCRO-Mar14-261"><a href="#cite_ref-NYTimes-UNCRO-Mar14_261-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRaymond_Bonner1995" class="citation news cs1"><a href="/wiki/Raymond_Bonner" title="Raymond Bonner">Raymond Bonner</a> (March 14, 1995). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1995/03/14/world/croatia-s-serbs-balk-at-a-new-un-role.html?ref=croatia">"Croatia's Serbs Balk at a New U.N. Role"</a>. The New York Times. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130518194247/http://www.nytimes.com/1995/03/14/world/croatia-s-serbs-balk-at-a-new-un-role.html?ref=croatia">Archived</a> from the original on May 18, 2013. Retrieved December 18, 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Croatia%27s+Serbs+Balk+at+a+New+U.N.+Role&rft.date=1995-03-14&rft.au=Raymond+Bonner&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1995%2F03%2F14%2Fworld%2Fcroatia-s-serbs-balk-at-a-new-un-role.html%3Fref%3Dcroatia&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACroatian+War+of+Independence" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-NYTimes-UNCRO-Mar31-262"><a href="#cite_ref-NYTimes-UNCRO-Mar31_262-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFChristopher_S._Wren1995" class="citation news cs1">Christopher S. Wren (April 1, 1995). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1995/04/01/world/un-votes-to-keep-its-troops-in-balkans-for-8-more-months.html?ref=croatia">"U.N. Votes to Keep Its Troops In Balkans for 8 More Months"</a>. The New York Times. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130518195754/http://www.nytimes.com/1995/04/01/world/un-votes-to-keep-its-troops-in-balkans-for-8-more-months.html?ref=croatia">Archived</a> from the original on May 18, 2013. Retrieved December 18, 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=U.N.+Votes+to+Keep+Its+Troops+In+Balkans+for+8+More+Months&rft.date=1995-04-01&rft.au=Christopher+S.+Wren&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1995%2F04%2F01%2Fworld%2Fun-votes-to-keep-its-troops-in-balkans-for-8-more-months.html%3Fref%3Dcroatia&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACroatian+War+of+Independence" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-263"><a href="#cite_ref-263">^</a> <a href="#Martić_Verdict">Martić verdict</a>, pp. 114–117 </li> <li id="cite_note-NYTimes-Tanks-May7-264"><a href="#cite_ref-NYTimes-Tanks-May7_264-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRoger_Cohen1995" class="citation news cs1"><a href="/wiki/Roger_Cohen" title="Roger Cohen">Roger Cohen</a> (May 7, 1995). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1995/05/07/world/serbia-moves-tanks-to-croatia-border.html?ref=croatia">"Serbia Moves Tanks to Croatia Border"</a>. The New York Times. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130518193242/http://www.nytimes.com/1995/05/07/world/serbia-moves-tanks-to-croatia-border.html?ref=croatia">Archived</a> from the original on May 18, 2013. Retrieved December 18, 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Serbia+Moves+Tanks+to+Croatia+Border&rft.date=1995-05-07&rft.au=Roger+Cohen&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1995%2F05%2F07%2Fworld%2Fserbia-moves-tanks-to-croatia-border.html%3Fref%3Dcroatia&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACroatian+War+of+Independence" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-265"><a href="#cite_ref-265">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTony_Barber1995" class="citation news cs1">Tony Barber (October 28, 1995). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/croats-ready-to-hurl-troops-into-battle-of-bihac-1593388.html">"Croats ready to hurl troops into battle of Bihać"</a>. The Independent. UK. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110619062601/http://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/croats-ready-to-hurl-troops-into-battle-of-bihac-1593388.html">Archived</a> from the original on June 19, 2011. Retrieved October 13, 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Independent&rft.atitle=Croats+ready+to+hurl+troops+into+battle+of+Biha%C4%87&rft.date=1995-10-28&rft.au=Tony+Barber&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.independent.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fworld%2Fcroats-ready-to-hurl-troops-into-battle-of-bihac-1593388.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACroatian+War+of+Independence" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-LATimes-Analysis-Aug1-266"><a href="#cite_ref-LATimes-Analysis-Aug1_266-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWilliam_D._Montalbano1995" class="citation news cs1">William D. Montalbano (August 1, 1995). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1995-08-01-mn-30190-story.html">"Balkan War Looms as Croatia Widens Its Reach"</a>. Los Angeles Times. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160305072347/http://articles.latimes.com/1995-08-01/news/mn-30190_1_balkan-war">Archived</a> from the original on March 5, 2016. Retrieved December 18, 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Los+Angeles+Times&rft.atitle=Balkan+War+Looms+as+Croatia+Widens+Its+Reach&rft.date=1995-08-01&rft.au=William+D.+Montalbano&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.latimes.com%2Farchives%2Fla-xpm-1995-08-01-mn-30190-story.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACroatian+War+of+Independence" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-NYTimes-SplitDeclaration-23Jul1995-267"><a href="#cite_ref-NYTimes-SplitDeclaration-23Jul1995_267-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1995/07/23/world/croatia-to-assist-bosnia.html?ref=croatia">"Croatia to Assist Bosnia"</a>. The New York Times. July 23, 1995. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130518190203/http://www.nytimes.com/1995/07/23/world/croatia-to-assist-bosnia.html?ref=croatia">Archived</a> from the original on May 18, 2013. Retrieved January 2, 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Croatia+to+Assist+Bosnia&rft.date=1995-07-23&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1995%2F07%2F23%2Fworld%2Fcroatia-to-assist-bosnia.html%3Fref%3Dcroatia&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACroatian+War+of+Independence" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-NYTimes-Summer95-30Jul1995-268"><a href="#cite_ref-NYTimes-Summer95-30Jul1995_268-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAlan_Cowell1995" class="citation news cs1"><a href="/wiki/Alan_Cowell" title="Alan Cowell">Alan Cowell</a> (July 30, 1995). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1995/07/30/world/croatia-presses-offensive-against-serbs.html">"Croatia Presses Offensive Against Serbs"</a>. The New York Times. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121106041011/http://www.nytimes.com/1995/07/30/world/croatia-presses-offensive-against-serbs.html">Archived</a> from the original on November 6, 2012. Retrieved December 30, 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Croatia+Presses+Offensive+Against+Serbs&rft.date=1995-07-30&rft.au=Alan+Cowell&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1995%2F07%2F30%2Fworld%2Fcroatia-presses-offensive-against-serbs.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACroatian+War+of+Independence" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-NYTimes-100000-Soldiers-269"><a href="#cite_ref-NYTimes-100000-Soldiers_269-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1995/08/08/opinion/the-croatian-offensive.html">"The Croatian Offensive"</a>. The New York Times. August 8, 1995. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130518193947/http://www.nytimes.com/1995/08/08/opinion/the-croatian-offensive.html">Archived</a> from the original on May 18, 2013. 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Retrieved October 1, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.vecernji.hr&rft.atitle=HHO%3A+Nitko+nije+osu%C4%91en+za+ratne+zlo%C4%8Dine+nakon+Oluje%21&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.vecernji.hr%2Fvijesti%2Fhho-nitko-nije-osudjen-za-ratne-zlocine-nakon-oluje-280715&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACroatian+War+of+Independence" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-271"><a href="#cite_ref-271">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.index.hr/clanak.aspx?id=2385154">"O zločinima u Oluji se šuti. 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Retrieved October 1, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.index.hr&rft.atitle=O+zlo%C4%8Dinima+u+Oluji+se+%C5%A1uti.+%22Ubio+brata+i+sestru%2C+majku+s+kravama+zapalio+u+%C5%A1tali%22&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.index.hr%2Fclanak.aspx%3Fid%3D2385154&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACroatian+War+of+Independence" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-272"><a href="#cite_ref-272">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://balkans.aljazeera.net/news/balkan/2016/11/11/u-mrkonjic-gradu-traze-istinu-o-ubijenima-u-ratu">"U Mrkonjić Gradu traže istinu o ubijenima u ratu"</a>. balkans.aljazeera.net (in Bosnian). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20221001233909/https://balkans.aljazeera.net/news/balkan/2016/11/11/u-mrkonjic-gradu-traze-istinu-o-ubijenima-u-ratu">Archived</a> from the original on October 1, 2022. Retrieved October 1, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=balkans.aljazeera.net&rft.atitle=U+Mrkonji%C4%87+Gradu+tra%C5%BEe+istinu+o+ubijenima+u+ratu&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbalkans.aljazeera.net%2Fnews%2Fbalkan%2F2016%2F11%2F11%2Fu-mrkonjic-gradu-traze-istinu-o-ubijenima-u-ratu&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACroatian+War+of+Independence" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-273"><a href="#cite_ref-273">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jutarnji.hr/vijesti/hrvatska/kronologija-slucaja-mrkonjic-grad-sto-se-doista-dogodilo-1995.-i-1996.-tko-je-sudjelovao-u-borbama-cija-su-imena-zavrsila-u-kaznenim-prijavama...-5258975">"Jutarnji list - KRONOLOGIJA SLUČAJA MRKONJIĆ GRAD Što se doista dogodilo 1995. i 1996., tko je sudjelovao u borbama, čija su imena završila u kaznenim prijavama..."</a> www.jutarnji.hr (in Croatian). November 13, 2016. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20221001233911/https://www.jutarnji.hr/vijesti/hrvatska/kronologija-slucaja-mrkonjic-grad-sto-se-doista-dogodilo-1995.-i-1996.-tko-je-sudjelovao-u-borbama-cija-su-imena-zavrsila-u-kaznenim-prijavama...-5258975">Archived</a> from the original on October 1, 2022. 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August 5, 2005. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220716154534/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/europe/4125640.stm">Archived</a> from the original on July 16, 2022. Retrieved December 23, 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BBC+News&rft.atitle=Croatia+marks+Storm+anniversary&rft.date=2005-08-05&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnews.bbc.co.uk%2F2%2Fhi%2Feurope%2F4125640.stm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACroatian+War+of+Independence" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-280"><a href="#cite_ref-280">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMatt_Prodger2005" class="citation news cs1"><a href="/wiki/Matt_Prodger" title="Matt Prodger">Matt Prodger</a> (August 5, 2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/europe/4747379.stm">"Evicted Serbs remember Storm"</a>. BBC News. BBC. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090219223101/http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/europe/4747379.stm">Archived</a> from the original on February 19, 2009. 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The New York Times. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130518203829/http://www.nytimes.com/1995/10/17/world/croatia-reported-to-move-troops-to-disputed-serb-region.html?ref=croatia">Archived</a> from the original on May 18, 2013. Retrieved December 18, 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Croatia+Reported+to+Move+Troops+to+Disputed+Serb+Region&rft.date=1995-10-15&rft.au=Chris+Hedges&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1995%2F10%2F17%2Fworld%2Fcroatia-reported-to-move-troops-to-disputed-serb-region.html%3Fref%3Dcroatia&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACroatian+War+of+Independence" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-NYTimes-Slavonia-intervention-15Oct95-284"><a href="#cite_ref-NYTimes-Slavonia-intervention-15Oct95_284-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1995/11/05/world/croatian-president-again-threatent-attack.html?ref=croatia">"Croatian President Again Threatent Attack"</a>. 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Retrieved December 16, 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Croatian+leadership+slates+Jeremi%C4%87+comments&rft.pub=B92&rft.date=2008-05-28&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.b92.net%2Feng%2Fnews%2Fpolitics-article.php%3Fyyyy%3D2008%26mm%3D05%26dd%3D28%26nav_id%3D50591&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACroatian+War+of+Independence" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEBjelajac_et_al.2009238–239-300">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBjelajac_et_al.2009238–239_300-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBjelajac_et_al.2009238–239_300-1">b</a> <a href="#CITEREFBjelajac_et_al.2009">Bjelajac et al. 2009</a>, pp. 238–239. </li> <li id="cite_note-301"><a href="#cite_ref-301">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDaniel_Böhmer2009" class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Daniel Böhmer (October 17, 2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.welt.de/die-welt/politik/article4876711/Warum-sollte-Serbien-Mladic-schuetzen.html">"Warum sollte Serbien Mladic schützen?"</a> [Why should Serbia protect Mladic?]. Die Welt Online (in German). <a href="/wiki/Die_Welt" title="Die Welt">Die Welt</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121020203105/http://www.welt.de/welt_print/politik/article4876711/Warum-sollte-Serbien-Mladic-schuetzen.html">Archived</a> from the original on October 20, 2012. Retrieved December 16, 2010. <q>Boris Tadic: "Eine Täterrolle für Serbien muss ich ablehnen. Das war ein Bürgerkrieg, und daran war jeder beteiligt. Wir alle müssen uns unserer Verantwortung stellen" (Translation: "I must refuse the role of a perpetrator for Serbia. This was a civil war, and everyone was involved. We must all shoulder our responsibilities.")</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Die+Welt+Online&rft.atitle=Warum+sollte+Serbien+Mladic+sch%C3%BCtzen%3F&rft.date=2009-10-17&rft.au=Daniel+B%C3%B6hmer&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.welt.de%2Fdie-welt%2Fpolitik%2Farticle4876711%2FWarum-sollte-Serbien-Mladic-schuetzen.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACroatian+War+of+Independence" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEBjelajac_et_al.2009238–241-302"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBjelajac_et_al.2009238–241_302-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFBjelajac_et_al.2009">Bjelajac et al. 2009</a>, pp. 238–241. </li> <li id="cite_note-303"><a href="#cite_ref-303">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.icty.org/x/cases/tadic/acdec/en/51002723.htm">"The Prosecutor vs. Dusko Tadic a/k/a "Dule""</a>. 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Retrieved September 7, 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Final+Report+of+the+Commission+of+Experts+Established+Pursuant+to+Security+Council+Resolution+780+%281992%29+%E2%80%93+General+Conclusions+and+Recommendations&rft.pub=United+Nations&rft.date=1994-05-27&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.his.com%2F~twarrick%2Fcommxyu5.htm%23V&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACroatian+War+of+Independence" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-305"><a href="#cite_ref-305">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://informator.hr/strucni-clanci/mirjan-damaska-u-pravu-sam-postigao-mnogo-vise-u-americi-nego-sto-bih-postigao-da-sam-ostao-u-domovini-no-bio-bih-sretniji-da-sam-ostao-u-hrvatskoj">"Mirjan Damaška: "U pravu sam postigao mnogo više u Americi nego što bih postigao da sam ostao u domovini, no bio bih sretniji da sam ostao u Hrvatskoj!""</a>. 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Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.b92.net/eng/news/politics-article.php?yyyy=2010&mm=01&dd=04&nav_id=64226">the original</a> on June 8, 2011. Retrieved December 19, 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Serbia+files+genocide+lawsuit+against+Croatia&rft.pub=B92&rft.date=2010-01-04&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.b92.net%2Feng%2Fnews%2Fpolitics-article.php%3Fyyyy%3D2010%26mm%3D01%26dd%3D04%26nav_id%3D64226&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACroatian+War+of+Independence" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-417"><a href="#cite_ref-417">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20101222014958/http://english.blic.rs/News/5785/No-court-trial-would-be-better-for-Zagreb">"No court trial would be better for Zagreb"</a>. Blic. January 4, 2010. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://english.blic.rs/News/5785/No-court-trial-would-be-better-for-Zagreb">the original</a> on December 22, 2010. Retrieved December 19, 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=No+court+trial+would+be+better+for+Zagreb&rft.pub=Blic&rft.date=2010-01-04&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fenglish.blic.rs%2FNews%2F5785%2FNo-court-trial-would-be-better-for-Zagreb&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACroatian+War+of+Independence" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-418"><a href="#cite_ref-418">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/europe/3095774.stm">"Presidents apologise over Croatian war"</a>. September 10, 2003. Retrieved January 15, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Presidents+apologise+over+Croatian+war&rft.date=2003-09-10&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnews.bbc.co.uk%2F1%2Fhi%2Fworld%2Feurope%2F3095774.stm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACroatian+War+of+Independence" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-419"><a href="#cite_ref-419">^</a> Commodity review and outlook 1991–92, <a href="/wiki/Food_and_Agriculture_Organization" title="Food and Agriculture Organization">Food and Agriculture Organization</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.fao.org/">FAO</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-420"><a href="#cite_ref-420">^</a> <a href="#Glaurdic">Glaurdic (2011)</a>, pp. 59, 124-125 </li> <li id="cite_note-421"><a href="#cite_ref-421">^</a> <a href="#Glaurdic">Glaurdic (2011)</a>, p. 160 </li> <li id="cite_note-422"><a href="#cite_ref-422">^</a> <a href="#Glaurdic">Glaurdic (2011)</a>, p. 110 </li> <li id="cite_note-423"><a href="#cite_ref-423">^</a> <a href="#Glaurdic">Glaurdic (2011)</a>, pp. 264–265 </li> <li id="cite_note-424"><a href="#cite_ref-424">^</a> Azrael, Jeremy R. and Emil A. Payin. U.S. and Russian Policymaking With Respect to the Use of Force. Santa Monica, CA: RAND Corporation, 1996. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.rand.org/pubs/conf_proceedings/CF129">Chapter 11: Yugoslavia: 1989–1996</a>, by Warren Zimmermann </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Croatian_War_of_Independence&action=edit&section=32" title="Edit section: References">edit</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Books">Books</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Croatian_War_of_Independence&action=edit&section=33" title="Edit section: Books">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239549316">.mw-parser-output .refbegin{margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul{margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{margin-left:0;padding-left:3.2em;text-indent:-3.2em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul,.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul li{list-style:none}@media(max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{padding-left:1.6em;text-indent:-1.6em}}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .refbegin{font-size:90%}}</style><div class="refbegin refbegin-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em"> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBjelajac_et_al.2009" class="citation book cs1">Bjelajac, Mile; Žunec, Ozren; Mieczyslaw Boduszynski; Raphael Draschtak; Igor Graovac; Sally Kent; Rüdiger Malli; Srdja Pavlović; Jason Vuić (2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cla.purdue.edu/academic/history/facstaff/Ingrao/si/Team_7_Full_Text_Report.pdf">"The War in Croatia, 1991–1995"</a> (PDF). In Ingrao, Charles W.; Emmert, Thomas Allan (eds.). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=t0nYdgFrdG8C">Confronting the Yugoslav Controversies: a Scholars' Initiative</a> (PDF). <a href="/wiki/Purdue_University_Press" title="Purdue University Press">Purdue University Press</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-55753-533-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-55753-533-7"><bdi>978-1-55753-533-7</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=The+War+in+Croatia%2C+1991%E2%80%931995&rft.btitle=Confronting+the+Yugoslav+Controversies%3A+a+Scholars%27+Initiative&rft.pub=Purdue+University+Press&rft.date=2009&rft.isbn=978-1-55753-533-7&rft.aulast=Bjelajac&rft.aufirst=Mile&rft.au=%C5%BDunec%2C+Ozren&rft.au=Mieczyslaw+Boduszynski&rft.au=Raphael+Draschtak&rft.au=Igor+Graovac&rft.au=Sally+Kent&rft.au=R%C3%BCdiger+Malli&rft.au=Srdja+Pavlovi%C4%87&rft.au=Jason+Vui%C4%87&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cla.purdue.edu%2Facademic%2Fhistory%2Ffacstaff%2FIngrao%2Fsi%2FTeam_7_Full_Text_Report.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACroatian+War+of+Independence" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="Blaskovich" class="citation book cs1">Blaskovich, Jerry (1997). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/anatomyofdeceita00blas">Anatomy of Deceit: An American Physician's First-Hand Encounter with the Realities of the War in Croatia</a>. New York City: Dunhill Publishing. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-935016-24-4" title="Special:BookSources/0-935016-24-4"><bdi>0-935016-24-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Anatomy+of+Deceit%3A+An+American+Physician%27s+First-Hand+Encounter+with+the+Realities+of+the+War+in+Croatia&rft.place=New+York+City&rft.pub=Dunhill+Publishing&rft.date=1997&rft.isbn=0-935016-24-4&rft.aulast=Blaskovich&rft.aufirst=Jerry&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fanatomyofdeceita00blas&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACroatian+War+of+Independence" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="Brown_&_Karim" class="citation book cs1">Brown, Cynthia; Karim, Farhad (1995). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/playingcommunalc00brow">Playing the "Communal Card": Communal Violence and Human Rights</a>. New York City: <a href="/wiki/Human_Rights_Watch" title="Human Rights Watch">Human Rights Watch</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-56432-152-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-56432-152-7"><bdi>978-1-56432-152-7</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Playing+the+%22Communal+Card%22%3A+Communal+Violence+and+Human+Rights&rft.place=New+York+City&rft.pub=Human+Rights+Watch&rft.date=1995&rft.isbn=978-1-56432-152-7&rft.aulast=Brown&rft.aufirst=Cynthia&rft.au=Karim%2C+Farhad&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fplayingcommunalc00brow&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACroatian+War+of+Independence" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="Bucknam" class="citation book cs1">Bucknam, Mark (2003). Responsibility of Command. Maxwell Air Force Base: Air University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-58566-115-5" title="Special:BookSources/1-58566-115-5"><bdi>1-58566-115-5</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/52199670">52199670</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Responsibility+of+Command&rft.place=Maxwell+Air+Force+Base&rft.pub=Air+University+Press&rft.date=2003&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F52199670&rft.isbn=1-58566-115-5&rft.aulast=Bucknam&rft.aufirst=Mark&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACroatian+War+of+Independence" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="BurgShoup2000" class="citation book cs1">Burg, Steven L.; Shoup, Paul S. (2000). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=-4eKmp_qu_QC">The War in Bosnia-Herzegovina: Ethnic Conflict and International Intervention</a>. New York City: <a href="/wiki/M.E._Sharpe" class="mw-redirect" title="M.E. Sharpe">M.E. Sharpe</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-56324-309-1" title="Special:BookSources/1-56324-309-1"><bdi>1-56324-309-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+War+in+Bosnia-Herzegovina%3A+Ethnic+Conflict+and+International+Intervention&rft.place=New+York+City&rft.pub=M.E.+Sharpe&rft.date=2000&rft.isbn=1-56324-309-1&rft.aulast=Burg&rft.aufirst=Steven+L.&rft.au=Shoup%2C+Paul+S.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D-4eKmp_qu_QC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACroatian+War+of+Independence" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDjokić2003" class="citation book cs1">Djokić, Dejan (2003). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=ZMyZdvTympMC">Yugoslavism: Histories of a Failed Idea, 1918–1992</a>. C. Hurst & Co. Publishers. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-85065-663-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-85065-663-0"><bdi>978-1-85065-663-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Yugoslavism%3A+Histories+of+a+Failed+Idea%2C+1918%E2%80%931992&rft.pub=C.+Hurst+%26+Co.+Publishers&rft.date=2003&rft.isbn=978-1-85065-663-0&rft.aulast=Djoki%C4%87&rft.aufirst=Dejan&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DZMyZdvTympMC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACroatian+War+of+Independence" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="Dominelli" class="citation book cs1">Dominelli, Lena (2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=zrXHXm-qcfYC">Revitalising Communities in a Globalising World</a>. Hampshire: <a href="/wiki/Ashgate_Publishing" title="Ashgate Publishing">Ashgate Publishing</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-7546-4498-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-7546-4498-9"><bdi>978-0-7546-4498-9</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Revitalising+Communities+in+a+Globalising+World&rft.place=Hampshire&rft.pub=Ashgate+Publishing&rft.date=2007&rft.isbn=978-0-7546-4498-9&rft.aulast=Dominelli&rft.aufirst=Lena&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DzrXHXm-qcfYC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACroatian+War+of+Independence" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDoderBranson1999" class="citation book cs1">Doder, Dusko; Branson, Louise (1999). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=gXPc621X6yMC">Milosevic: Portrait of a Tyrant</a>. <a href="/wiki/Simon_%26_Schuster" title="Simon & Schuster">Simon & Schuster</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-684-84308-0" title="Special:BookSources/0-684-84308-0"><bdi>0-684-84308-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Milosevic%3A+Portrait+of+a+Tyrant&rft.pub=Simon+%26+Schuster&rft.date=1999&rft.isbn=0-684-84308-0&rft.aulast=Doder&rft.aufirst=Dusko&rft.au=Branson%2C+Louise&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DgXPc621X6yMC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACroatian+War+of+Independence" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFink2010" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/George_Fink" title="George Fink">Fink, George</a> (2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=rOq4XV94wLsC&pg=PA469">Stress of War, Conflict and Disaster</a>. 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Santa Barbara, California: ABC-CLIO. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-57607-800-0" title="Special:BookSources/1-57607-800-0"><bdi>1-57607-800-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Eastern+Europe%3A+An+Introduction+to+the+People%2C+Lands%2C+and+Culture&rft.place=Santa+Barbara%2C+California&rft.pub=ABC-CLIO&rft.date=2005&rft.isbn=1-57607-800-0&rft.aulast=Frucht&rft.aufirst=Richard+C.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DlVBB1a0rC70C&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACroatian+War+of+Independence" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFisher2006" class="citation book cs1">Fisher, Sharon (2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=PGuHDAAAQBAJ">Political Change in Post-Communist Slovakia and Croatia: From Nationalist to Europeanist</a>. Springer. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-23060-088-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-23060-088-1"><bdi>978-0-23060-088-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Political+Change+in+Post-Communist+Slovakia+and+Croatia%3A+From+Nationalist+to+Europeanist&rft.pub=Springer&rft.date=2006&rft.isbn=978-0-23060-088-1&rft.aulast=Fisher&rft.aufirst=Sharon&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DPGuHDAAAQBAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACroatian+War+of+Independence" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="Glaurdic" class="citation book cs1">Glaurdić, Josip (2011). The Hour of Europe: Western Powers and the Breakup of Yugoslavia. Yale University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-300-16645-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-300-16645-3"><bdi>978-0-300-16645-3</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Hour+of+Europe%3A+Western+Powers+and+the+Breakup+of+Yugoslavia&rft.pub=Yale+University+Press&rft.date=2011&rft.isbn=978-0-300-16645-3&rft.aulast=Glaurdi%C4%87&rft.aufirst=Josip&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACroatian+War+of+Independence" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="Goldstein" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Ivo_Goldstein" title="Ivo Goldstein">Goldstein, Ivo</a> (1999). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=pSxJdE4MYo4C">Croatia: A History</a>. London: C. Hurst & Co. Publishers. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-85065-525-1" title="Special:BookSources/1-85065-525-1"><bdi>1-85065-525-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Croatia%3A+A+History&rft.place=London&rft.pub=C.+Hurst+%26+Co.+Publishers&rft.date=1999&rft.isbn=1-85065-525-1&rft.aulast=Goldstein&rft.aufirst=Ivo&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DpSxJdE4MYo4C&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACroatian+War+of+Independence" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="Hanson" class="citation book cs1">Hanson, Alan (2000). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20060720041029/http://www.wilsoncenter.org/subsites/ccpdc/pubs/words/int.pdf">"Croatian Independence from Yugoslavia, 1991–1992"</a> (PDF). In Greenberg, Melanie C.; Barton, John H.; McGuinness, Margaret E. (eds.). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.wilsoncenter.org/subsites/ccpdc/pubs/words/int.pdf">Words Over War, Mediation and Arbitration to Prevent Deadly Conflict</a> (PDF). <a href="/wiki/Rowman_%26_Littlefield" title="Rowman & Littlefield">Rowman & Littlefield</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-8476-9892-0" title="Special:BookSources/0-8476-9892-0"><bdi>0-8476-9892-0</bdi></a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.wilsoncenter.org/subsites/ccpdc/pubs/words/3.pdf">the original</a> (PDF) on July 20, 2006.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Croatian+Independence+from+Yugoslavia%2C+1991%E2%80%931992&rft.btitle=Words+Over+War%2C+Mediation+and+Arbitration+to+Prevent+Deadly+Conflict&rft.pub=Rowman+%26+Littlefield&rft.date=2000&rft.isbn=0-8476-9892-0&rft.aulast=Hanson&rft.aufirst=Alan&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.wilsoncenter.org%2Fsubsites%2Fccpdc%2Fpubs%2Fwords%2F3.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACroatian+War+of+Independence" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJović2009" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Dejan_Jovi%C4%87" title="Dejan Jović">Jović, Dejan</a> (2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=Po03enYpbqsC">Yugoslavia: A State that Withered Away</a>. Purdue University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-55753-495-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-55753-495-8"><bdi>978-1-55753-495-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Yugoslavia%3A+A+State+that+Withered+Away&rft.pub=Purdue+University+Press&rft.date=2009&rft.isbn=978-1-55753-495-8&rft.aulast=Jovi%C4%87&rft.aufirst=Dejan&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DPo03enYpbqsC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACroatian+War+of+Independence" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="Kadijević" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a href="/wiki/Veljko_Kadijevi%C4%87" title="Veljko Kadijević">Kadijević, Veljko</a> (1993). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=dJJsQgAACAAJ">Moje viđenje raspada: vojska bez države</a> [My View of Dissolution: an Army Without a State] (in Serbian). Belgrade: Politika. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/86-7607-047-4" title="Special:BookSources/86-7607-047-4"><bdi>86-7607-047-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Moje+vi%C4%91enje+raspada%3A+vojska+bez+dr%C5%BEave&rft.place=Belgrade&rft.pub=Politika&rft.date=1993&rft.isbn=86-7607-047-4&rft.aulast=Kadijevi%C4%87&rft.aufirst=Veljko&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DdJJsQgAACAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACroatian+War+of+Independence" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="Kovačević_and_Linta" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Kovačević, Drago; Linta, Miodrag (2003). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=_wTcAAAACAAJ">Kavez: Krajina u dogovorenom ratu</a> [Cage: Krajina in an Arranged War] (in Serbian). Belgrade: Srpski demokratski forum. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/86-83759-04-0" title="Special:BookSources/86-83759-04-0"><bdi>86-83759-04-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Kavez%3A+Krajina+u+dogovorenom+ratu&rft.place=Belgrade&rft.pub=Srpski+demokratski+forum&rft.date=2003&rft.isbn=86-83759-04-0&rft.aulast=Kova%C4%8Devi%C4%87&rft.aufirst=Drago&rft.au=Linta%2C+Miodrag&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D_wTcAAAACAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACroatian+War+of+Independence" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="Mann" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Michael_Mann_(sociologist)" title="Michael Mann (sociologist)">Mann, Michael</a> (2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=cGHGPgj1_tIC">The Dark Side of Democracy: Explaining Ethnic Cleansing</a>. Cambridge University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-521-53854-8" title="Special:BookSources/0-521-53854-8"><bdi>0-521-53854-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Dark+Side+of+Democracy%3A+Explaining+Ethnic+Cleansing&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.date=2005&rft.isbn=0-521-53854-8&rft.aulast=Mann&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DcGHGPgj1_tIC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACroatian+War+of+Independence" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="Mesić" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Stjepan_Mesi%C4%87" title="Stjepan Mesić">Mesić, Stjepan</a> (2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=mButzsYUurkC">The Demise of Yugoslavia: A Political Memoir</a>. Central European University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/963-9241-81-4" title="Special:BookSources/963-9241-81-4"><bdi>963-9241-81-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Demise+of+Yugoslavia%3A+A+Political+Memoir&rft.pub=Central+European+University+Press&rft.date=2004&rft.isbn=963-9241-81-4&rft.aulast=Mesi%C4%87&rft.aufirst=Stjepan&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DmButzsYUurkC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACroatian+War+of+Independence" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="Meštrović" class="citation book cs1">Meštrović, Stjepan Gabriel (1996). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=xGShXjNZzEsC">Genocide After Emotion: The Postemotional Balkan War</a>. Routledge. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-415-12294-5" title="Special:BookSources/0-415-12294-5"><bdi>0-415-12294-5</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Genocide+After+Emotion%3A+The+Postemotional+Balkan+War&rft.pub=Routledge&rft.date=1996&rft.isbn=0-415-12294-5&rft.aulast=Me%C5%A1trovi%C4%87&rft.aufirst=Stjepan+Gabriel&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DxGShXjNZzEsC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACroatian+War+of+Independence" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPhuong2005" class="citation book cs1">Phuong, Catherine (2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=hh-VZmGCPMkC&pg=PA157">The International Protection of Internally Displaced Persons</a>. Cambridge University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1139442268" title="Special:BookSources/978-1139442268"><bdi>978-1139442268</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+International+Protection+of+Internally+Displaced+Persons&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.date=2005&rft.isbn=978-1139442268&rft.aulast=Phuong&rft.aufirst=Catherine&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dhh-VZmGCPMkC%26pg%3DPA157&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACroatian+War+of+Independence" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="Ramet" class="citation book cs1">Ramet, Sabrina P. (2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=FTw3lEqi2-oC">The Three Yugoslavias: State-Building and Legitimation, 1918–2005</a>. Bloomington: <a href="/wiki/Indiana_University_Press" title="Indiana University Press">Indiana University Press</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-253-34656-8" title="Special:BookSources/0-253-34656-8"><bdi>0-253-34656-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Three+Yugoslavias%3A+State-Building+and+Legitimation%2C+1918%E2%80%932005&rft.place=Bloomington&rft.pub=Indiana+University+Press&rft.date=2006&rft.isbn=0-253-34656-8&rft.aulast=Ramet&rft.aufirst=Sabrina+P.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DFTw3lEqi2-oC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACroatian+War+of+Independence" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSchaller1996" class="citation book cs1">Schaller, Jane Green (1996). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=bH33Fgq14AMC&pg=PA894">"Protection of Children and their Health During Times of War"</a>. 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The Hague: Martinus Nijhoff Publishers. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-9041101617" title="Special:BookSources/978-9041101617"><bdi>978-9041101617</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Protection+of+Children+and+their+Health+During+Times+of+War&rft.btitle=Monitoring+Children%27s+Rights&rft.place=The+Hague&rft.pub=Martinus+Nijhoff+Publishers&rft.date=1996&rft.isbn=978-9041101617&rft.aulast=Schaller&rft.aufirst=Jane+Green&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DbH33Fgq14AMC%26pg%3DPA894&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACroatian+War+of+Independence" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="Sekulić" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Sekulić, Milisav (2000). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=W0L_GAAACAAJ">Knin je pao u Beogradu</a> [Knin Fell in Belgrade] (in Serbian). Nidda Verlag. UDK: 3 355.45 (497.5-074) "1991/1995".</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Knin+je+pao+u+Beogradu&rft.pub=Nidda+Verlag&rft.date=2000&rft.aulast=Sekuli%C4%87&rft.aufirst=Milisav&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DW0L_GAAACAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACroatian+War+of+Independence" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="Silber_and_Little" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Laura_Silber" title="Laura Silber">Silber, Laura</a>; <a href="/wiki/Allan_Little" title="Allan Little">Little, Allan</a> (1996). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=mJNpAAAAMAAJ">The Death of Yugoslavia</a>. <a href="/wiki/Penguin_Books" title="Penguin Books">Penguin Books</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-14-026168-0" title="Special:BookSources/0-14-026168-0"><bdi>0-14-026168-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Death+of+Yugoslavia&rft.pub=Penguin+Books&rft.date=1996&rft.isbn=0-14-026168-0&rft.aulast=Silber&rft.aufirst=Laura&rft.au=Little%2C+Allan&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DmJNpAAAAMAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACroatian+War+of+Independence" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSilberLittle1997" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Laura_Silber" title="Laura Silber">Silber, Laura</a>; <a href="/wiki/Allan_Little" title="Allan Little">Little, Allan</a> (1997). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/yugoslaviadeatho00silb">Yugoslavia: Death of a Nation</a>. 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International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia. June 26, 2009. Retrieved September 11, 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Prosecutor+vs.+Milan+Babi%C4%87+-+Judgement&rft.pub=International+Criminal+Tribunal+for+the+former+Yugoslavia&rft.date=2009-06-26&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.icty.org%2Fx%2Fcases%2Fbabic%2Ftjug%2Fen%2Fbab-sj040629e.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACroatian+War+of+Independence" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="Commonwealth" class="citation book cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=qmN95fFocsMC">Eastern Europe and the Commonwealth of Independent States</a>. 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Retrieved September 30, 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Glasilo+%22Mir%2C+Ugled%2C+Povjerenje%22&rft.atitle=Prilog+%22Policija+u+Domovinskom+ratu+1990%E2%80%931991.%22&rft.issue=42&rft.date=2010-09&rft.issn=1846-3444&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.mup.hr%2FUserDocsImages%2FGlasilo%2520MUP%2F2010%2Fprilog_42.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACroatian+War+of+Independence" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFICJ3_February_2015" class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20161213060252/http://www.icj-cij.org/docket/files/118/18422.pdf">"Application of the Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of Genocide (Croatia v. Serbia)"</a> (PDF). Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.icj-cij.org/docket/files/118/18422.pdf">the original</a> (PDF) on December 13, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Application+of+the+Convention+on+the+Prevention+and+Punishment+of+the+Crime+of+Genocide+%28Croatia+v.+Serbia%29&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.icj-cij.org%2Fdocket%2Ffiles%2F118%2F18422.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACroatian+War+of+Independence" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPerunovic2015" class="citation journal cs1">Perunovic, Sreca (2015). "Animosities in Yugoslavia before its demise: Revelations of an opinion poll survey". Ethnicities. 16 (6): 819–841. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1177%2F1468796815576059">10.1177/1468796815576059</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:147068505">147068505</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ethnicities&rft.atitle=Animosities+in+Yugoslavia+before+its+demise%3A+Revelations+of+an+opinion+poll+survey&rft.volume=16&rft.issue=6&rft.pages=819-841&rft.date=2015&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1177%2F1468796815576059&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A147068505%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft.aulast=Perunovic&rft.aufirst=Sreca&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACroatian+War+of+Independence" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFridman2010" class="citation journal cs1">Fridman, Orli (2010). "'It was like fighting a war with our own people': anti-war activism in Serbia during the 1990s". The Journal of Nationalism and Ethnicity. 39 (4): 507–522. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1080%2F00905992.2011.579953">10.1080/00905992.2011.579953</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:153467930">153467930</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Journal+of+Nationalism+and+Ethnicity&rft.atitle=%27It+was+like+fighting+a+war+with+our+own+people%27%3A+anti-war+activism+in+Serbia+during+the+1990s&rft.volume=39&rft.issue=4&rft.pages=507-522&rft.date=2010&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1080%2F00905992.2011.579953&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A153467930%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft.aulast=Fridman&rft.aufirst=Orli&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACroatian+War+of+Independence" class="Z3988"></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Croatian_War_of_Independence&action=edit&section=35" title="Edit section: External links">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Croatian_War_of_Independence" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Croatian War of Independence">Croatian War of Independence</a>.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.sense-agency.com/">Sense Tribunal coverage of ICTY and ICJ proceedings</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.warphotoltd.com/?section=limited&page=2&item=2">War Photo Limited – Images of the war</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110205123147/http://www.e-novine.com/fotogalerija/fotogalerija-region/44486-Zloin-bez-kazne.html">More images of the war</a></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.amnesty.org/en/documents/eur48/026/1991/en/">"Yugoslavia: Torture and Deliberate and Arbitrary Killings in War Zones"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Amnesty_International" title="Amnesty International">Amnesty International</a>. November 1991.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Yugoslavia%3A+Torture+and+Deliberate+and+Arbitrary+Killings+in+War+Zones&rft.pub=Amnesty+International&rft.date=1991-11&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.amnesty.org%2Fen%2Fdocuments%2Feur48%2F026%2F1991%2Fen%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACroatian+War+of+Independence" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nin.co.rs/1999-10/14/10153.html">"Zloupotreba psihijatrije"</a> [Abuse of Psychiatry]. <a href="/wiki/NIN_(magazine)" title="NIN (magazine)">NIN</a> (in Serbian). Ringier Axel Springer. October 14, 1999. Retrieved January 30, 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=NIN&rft.atitle=Zloupotreba+psihijatrije&rft.date=1999-10-14&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nin.co.rs%2F1999-10%2F14%2F10153.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACroatian+War+of+Independence" class="Z3988"></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.centardomovinskograta.hr/">Croatian Memorial-Documentation Center of the Homeland War</a> (in Croatian)</li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r886047488">.mw-parser-output .nobold{font-weight:normal}</style><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Croatia_articles" 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title="Prime Minister of Croatia">Prime Minister</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Human_rights_in_Croatia" title="Human rights in Croatia">Human rights</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/LGBT_rights_in_Croatia" class="mw-redirect" title="LGBT rights in Croatia">LGBT</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Law_enforcement_in_Croatia" title="Law enforcement in Croatia">Law enforcement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Armed_Forces_of_Croatia" title="Armed Forces of Croatia">Military</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/General_Staff_of_the_Armed_Forces_(Croatia)" title="General Staff of the Armed Forces (Croatia)">General Staff</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chief_of_the_General_Staff_of_the_Armed_Forces_(Croatia)" title="Chief of the General Staff of the Armed Forces (Croatia)">Chief of the General Staff</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Croatian_Parliament" title="Croatian Parliament">Parliament</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Speaker_of_the_Croatian_Parliament" title="Speaker of the Croatian 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style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Croatian_brands" title="Croatian brands">Brands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Energy_in_Croatia" title="Energy in Croatia">Energy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Croatian_counties_by_GDP" title="List of Croatian counties by GDP">Gross domestic product (GDP)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Industry_of_Croatia" title="Industry of Croatia">Industry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Croatian_currency" title="History of Croatian currency">History of currency</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Croatian_National_Bank" title="Croatian National Bank">National Bank</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Croatia_and_the_euro" title="Croatia and the euro">The euro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Privatization_in_Croatia" title="Privatization in Croatia">Privatization</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zagreb_Stock_Exchange" title="Zagreb Stock Exchange">Stock Exchange</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telecommunications_in_Croatia" title="Telecommunications in Croatia">Telecommunications</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tourism_in_Croatia" title="Tourism in Croatia">Tourism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transport_in_Croatia" title="Transport in Croatia">Transport</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Category:Society_of_Croatia" title="Category:Society of Croatia">Society</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Croats" title="Croats">Croats</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_Croatia" title="Demographics of Croatia">Demographics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Education_in_Croatia" title="Education in Croatia">Education</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Ethnic_groups_in_Croatia" title="Category:Ethnic groups in Croatia">Ethnic groups</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Genetic_studies_on_Croats" title="Genetic studies on Croats">Genetics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Healthcare_in_Croatia" title="Healthcare in Croatia">Healthcare</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_Croatia#Languages" title="Demographics of Croatia">Languages</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Croatia" title="Religion in Croatia">Religion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Women_in_Croatia" title="Women in Croatia">Women</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Culture_of_Croatia" title="Culture of Croatia">Culture</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Architecture_of_Croatia" title="Architecture of Croatia">Architecture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Croatian_art" title="Croatian art">Art</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cinema_of_Croatia" title="Cinema of Croatia">Cinema</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Croatian_cuisine" title="Croatian cuisine">Cuisine</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Croatian_wine" title="Croatian wine">Wine</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Croatian_language" title="Croatian language">Croatian language</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Croatian_literature" title="Croatian literature">Literature</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Croatia" title="Music of Croatia">Music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Public_holidays_in_Croatia" title="Public holidays in Croatia">Public holidays</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_radio_stations_in_Croatia" title="List of radio stations in Croatia">Radio stations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sport_in_Croatia" title="Sport in Croatia">Sport</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Television_in_Croatia" title="Television in Croatia">Television</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_World_Heritage_Sites_in_Croatia" title="List of World Heritage Sites in Croatia">World Heritage Sites</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/National_symbols_of_Croatia" title="National symbols of Croatia">Symbols</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lijepa_na%C5%A1a_domovino" title="Lijepa naša domovino">Anthem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Croatian_checkerboard" title="Croatian checkerboard">Checkerboard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coat_of_arms_of_Croatia" title="Coat of arms of Croatia">Coat of arms</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Croatian_national_costume" title="Croatian national costume">Costume</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crown_of_Zvonimir" title="Crown of Zvonimir">Crown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orders,_decorations,_and_medals_of_Croatia" title="Orders, decorations, and medals of Croatia">Decorations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Croatian_flags" title="List of Croatian flags">Flags</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Croatian_interlace" title="Croatian interlace">Interlace</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Croatian_mottos" title="List of Croatian mottos">Motto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Names_of_the_Croats_and_Croatia" title="Names of the Croats and Croatia">Names</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="font-weight:bold;"><div><div style="margin-bottom:-0.4em;"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Outline_of_Croatia" title="Outline of Croatia">Outline</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Index_of_Croatia-related_articles" title="Index of Croatia-related articles">Index</a></li></ul></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Croatia" title="Category:Croatia">Category</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portal:Croatia" title="Portal:Croatia">Portal</a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Wars_and_battles_involving_Croatia" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Wars_and_battles_involving_Croatia" title="Template:Wars and battles involving Croatia"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Wars_and_battles_involving_Croatia" title="Template talk:Wars and battles involving Croatia"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Wars_and_battles_involving_Croatia" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Wars and battles involving Croatia"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Wars_and_battles_involving_Croatia" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Military_history_of_Croatia" title="Military history of Croatia">Wars and battles involving Croatia</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left;">Medieval wars and battles</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:12em;vertical-align:top;">8th/9th-century battles</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Trsat" title="Siege of Trsat">Siege of Trsat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rebellion_of_Ljudevit" class="mw-redirect" title="Rebellion of Ljudevit">Rebellion of Ljudevit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Kupa" title="Battle of Kupa">Battle of Kupa</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_Makarska_(887)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Battle of Makarska (887) (page does not exist)">Battle of Makarska (887)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:12em;vertical-align:top;">Croatian–Hungarian wars</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Drava_River" title="Battle of Drava River">Battle of Drava River</a> (925)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Gvozd_Mountain" title="Battle of Gvozd Mountain">Battle of Gvozd Mountain</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:12em;vertical-align:top;"><a href="/wiki/Croatian%E2%80%93Bulgarian_wars" title="Croatian–Bulgarian wars">Croatian–Bulgarian wars</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Croatian%E2%80%93Bulgarian_battle_of_854" class="mw-redirect" title="Croatian–Bulgarian battle of 854">Croatian–Bulgarian battle of 854</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Croatian%E2%80%93Bulgarian_battle_of_926" title="Croatian–Bulgarian battle of 926">Croatian–Bulgarian battle of 927</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Zadar_(998)" title="Siege of Zadar (998)">Siege of Zadar (998)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:12em;vertical-align:top;"><a href="/wiki/Croatian-Venetian_wars" class="mw-redirect" title="Croatian-Venetian wars">Croatian-Venetian wars</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_Omi%C5%A1_(948)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Battle of Omiš (948) (page does not exist)">Battle of Omiš (948)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Lastovo_(1000)" class="mw-redirect" title="Battle of Lastovo (1000)">Battle of Lastovo (1000)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Zadar_(1345%E2%80%931346)" title="Siege of Zadar (1345–1346)">Siege of Zadar (1345–1346)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:12em;vertical-align:top;">High and Late Middle Ages wars and battles</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Zadar" class="mw-redirect" title="Siege of Zadar">Siege of Zadar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fourth_Crusade" title="Fourth Crusade">Fourth Crusade</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fifth_Crusade" title="Fifth Crusade">Fifth Crusade</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Mohi" title="Battle of Mohi">Battle of Mohi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Grobnik_Field" title="Battle of Grobnik Field">Battle of Grobnik Field</a> (legendary)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Bliska" title="Battle of Bliska">Battle of Bliska</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/War_of_Hum_(1326%E2%80%931329)" class="mw-redirect" title="War of Hum (1326–1329)">War of Hum (1326–1329)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bosnian%E2%80%93Ragusan_War" class="mw-redirect" title="Bosnian–Ragusan War">Bosnian-Dubrovnik War (1403-1404)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Samobor" title="Battle of Samobor">Battle of Samobor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crusade_of_Varna" title="Crusade of Varna">Crusade of Varna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Una" title="Battle of Una">Battle of Una</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Vrpile" title="Battle of Vrpile">Battle of Vrpile Gulch</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="6" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><a href="/wiki/File:Crown_of_Zvonimir_(Croatia).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Crown_of_Zvonimir_%28Croatia%29.svg/85px-Crown_of_Zvonimir_%28Croatia%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="85" height="59" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Crown_of_Zvonimir_%28Croatia%29.svg/128px-Crown_of_Zvonimir_%28Croatia%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Crown_of_Zvonimir_%28Croatia%29.svg/170px-Crown_of_Zvonimir_%28Croatia%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="208" data-file-height="144" /></a> <a href="/wiki/File:Coa_Croatia_Country_History_(with_crown)_(1868-1918).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/Coa_Croatia_Country_History_%28with_crown%29_%281868-1918%29.svg/70px-Coa_Croatia_Country_History_%28with_crown%29_%281868-1918%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="70" height="129" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/Coa_Croatia_Country_History_%28with_crown%29_%281868-1918%29.svg/105px-Coa_Croatia_Country_History_%28with_crown%29_%281868-1918%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/Coa_Croatia_Country_History_%28with_crown%29_%281868-1918%29.svg/140px-Coa_Croatia_Country_History_%28with_crown%29_%281868-1918%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="255" data-file-height="470" /></a> <a href="/wiki/File:Coat_of_arms_of_Croatia.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Coat_of_arms_of_Croatia.svg/70px-Coat_of_arms_of_Croatia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="70" height="93" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Coat_of_arms_of_Croatia.svg/105px-Coat_of_arms_of_Croatia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Coat_of_arms_of_Croatia.svg/140px-Coat_of_arms_of_Croatia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1386" data-file-height="1844" /></a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Croatian%E2%80%93Ottoman_wars" title="Croatian–Ottoman wars">Croatian–Ottoman wars</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:12em;vertical-align:top;"><a href="/wiki/Hundred_Years%27_Croatian%E2%80%93Ottoman_War" title="Hundred Years' Croatian–Ottoman War">Hundred Years' Croatian–Ottoman War</a> (1493–1593)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Krbava_Field" title="Battle of Krbava Field">Battle of Krbava Field</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Dubica" title="Battle of Dubica">Battle of Dubica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Knin" title="Siege of Knin">Siege of Knin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Moh%C3%A1cs" title="Battle of Mohács">Battle of Mohács</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Jajce" title="Siege of Jajce">Siege of Jajce</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hungarian_campaign_of_1527%E2%80%931528" title="Hungarian campaign of 1527–1528">Hungarian campaign of 1527–1528</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Balkan_campaign_of_1529" class="mw-redirect" title="Balkan campaign of 1529">Balkan campaign of 1529</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Little_War_in_Hungary" class="mw-redirect" title="Little War in Hungary">Little War in Hungary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Vara%C5%BEdin_(1527)" title="Siege of Varaždin (1527)">Siege of Varaždin (1527)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Belaj" title="Battle of Belaj">Battle of Belaj</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_K%C5%91szeg" title="Siege of Kőszeg">Siege of Kőszeg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Klis" title="Siege of Klis">Siege of Klis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Katzianer%27s_Campaign" title="Katzianer's Campaign">Katzianer's Campaign</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Gorjani" title="Battle of Gorjani">Battle of Gorjani</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Siege_of_%C4%90ur%C4%91evac_(1552)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Siege of Đurđevac (1552) (page does not exist)">Siege of Đurđevac (1552)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Hrastovica_(1561)" title="Battle of Hrastovica (1561)">Battle of Hrastovica (1561)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Szigetv%C3%A1r" title="Siege of Szigetvár">Siege of Szigetvár</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Gvozdansko" title="Siege of Gvozdansko">Siege of Gvozdansko</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Slunj" title="Battle of Slunj">Battle of Slunj</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Biha%C4%87_(1592)" title="Siege of Bihać (1592)">Siege of Bihać (1592)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Brest_(1592)" title="Battle of Brest (1592)">Battle of Brest (1592)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Sisak" title="Battle of Sisak">Battle of Sisak</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:12em;vertical-align:top;"><a href="/wiki/Long_Turkish_War" title="Long Turkish War">Long War</a> (1593–1606)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Brest_(1596)" title="Battle of Brest (1596)">Battle of Brest (1596)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Keresztes" title="Battle of Keresztes">Battle of Keresztes</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:12em;vertical-align:top;"><a href="/wiki/Austro-Turkish_War_(1663%E2%80%931664)" title="Austro-Turkish War (1663–1664)">Austro-Turkish War</a> (1663–1664)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/First_Battle_of_Zr%C3%ADnyi%C3%BAjv%C3%A1r" title="First Battle of Zrínyiújvár">First Battle of Novi Zrin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_at_Jurjeve_Stijene" title="Battle at Jurjeve Stijene">Battle of Otočac (1663)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_Battle_of_Zr%C3%ADnyi%C3%BAjv%C3%A1r" title="Second Battle of Zrínyiújvár">Second Battle of Novi Zrin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Novi_Zrin_(1664)" title="Siege of Novi Zrin (1664)">Siege of Novi Zrin (1664)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Saint_Gotthard_(1664)" title="Battle of Saint Gotthard (1664)">Battle of Saint Gotthard (1664)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:12em;vertical-align:top;"><a href="/wiki/Croatian-Slavonian-Dalmatian_theater_in_Great_Turkish_War" class="mw-redirect" title="Croatian-Slavonian-Dalmatian theater in Great Turkish War">Great Turkish War</a> (1683–1699)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Virovitica_(1684)" title="Siege of Virovitica (1684)">Siege of Virovitica (1684)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Osijek_Incursion_(1685)" class="mw-redirect" title="Osijek Incursion (1685)">Osijek Incursion (1685)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Moh%C3%A1cs_(1687)" title="Battle of Mohács (1687)">Battle of Mohács (1687)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Croatian-Slavonian-Dalmatian_theater_in_Great_Turkish_War#Siege_of_Udbina" class="mw-redirect" title="Croatian-Slavonian-Dalmatian theater in Great Turkish War">Siege of Udbina Castle (1689)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Biha%C4%87_(1697)" title="Siege of Bihać (1697)">Siege of Bihać (1697)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Slankamen" title="Battle of Slankamen">Battle of Slankamen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Zenta" title="Battle of Zenta">Battle of Senta</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:12em;vertical-align:top;">18th-century Ottoman wars</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Saint_Gotthard_(1705)" title="Battle of Saint Gotthard (1705)">Battle of Saint Gotthard (1705)</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Siege_of_Sinj_(1715)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Siege of Sinj (1715) (page does not exist)">Siege of Sinj (1715)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Petrovaradin" title="Battle of Petrovaradin">Battle of Petrovaradin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Banja_Luka" title="Battle of Banja Luka">Battle of Banja Luka</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Relief_of_Dre%C5%BEnik_(1788)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Relief of Drežnik (1788) (page does not exist)">Relief of Drežnik (1788)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Relief_of_Cetingrad" title="Relief of Cetingrad">Relief of Cetingrad (1790)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/European_wars_of_religion" title="European wars of religion">European 17th/18th- century wars</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:12em;vertical-align:top;"><a href="/wiki/Thirty_Years%27_War" title="Thirty Years' War">Thirty Years' War</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Uskok_War" title="Uskok War">Uskok War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Sablat" title="Battle of Sablat">Battle of Sablat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Heidelberg_(1622)" title="Siege of Heidelberg (1622)">Siege of Heidelberg (1622)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sack_of_Magdeburg" title="Sack of Magdeburg">Sack of Magdeburg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Breitenfeld_(1631)" title="Battle of Breitenfeld (1631)">Battle of Breitenfeld (1631)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_L%C3%BCtzen_(1632)" title="Battle of Lützen (1632)">Battle of Lützen (1632)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_N%C3%B6rdlingen_(1634)" title="Battle of Nördlingen (1634)">Battle of Nördlingen (1634)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:12em;vertical-align:top;"><a href="/wiki/Seven_Years%27_War" title="Seven Years' War">Seven Years' War</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Lobositz" title="Battle of Lobositz">Battle of Lobositz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Kol%C3%ADn" title="Battle of Kolín">Battle of Kolín</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Breslau_(1757)" title="Battle of Breslau (1757)">Battle of Breslau (1757)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Hochkirch" title="Battle of Hochkirch">Battle of Hochkirch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Meissen" title="Battle of Meissen">Battle of Meissen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Landeshut_(1760)" title="Battle of Landeshut (1760)">Battle of Landeshut (1760)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Liegnitz_(1760)" title="Battle of Liegnitz (1760)">Battle of Liegnitz (1760)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left;">19th-century wars</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:12em;vertical-align:top;"><a href="/wiki/French_Revolutionary_Wars" title="French Revolutionary Wars">French Revolutionary</a> and <a href="/wiki/Napoleonic_Wars" title="Napoleonic Wars">Napoleonic Wars</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Castiglione" title="Battle of Castiglione">Battle of Castiglione</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Bassano" title="Battle of Bassano">Battle of Bassano</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Ostrach" title="Battle of Ostrach">Battle of Ostrach</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Stockach_(1799)" title="Battle of Stockach (1799)">Battle of Stockach (1799)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Marengo" title="Battle of Marengo">Battle of Marengo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Caldiero_(1805)" title="Battle of Caldiero (1805)">Battle of Caldiero (1805)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Austerlitz" title="Battle of Austerlitz">Battle of Austerlitz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Landshut_(1809)" title="Battle of Landshut (1809)">Battle of Landshut (1809)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Neumarkt-Sankt_Veit" title="Battle of Neumarkt-Sankt Veit">Battle of Neumarkt-Sankt Veit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Sankt_Michael" title="Battle of Sankt Michael">Battle of Sankt Michael</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Raab_(1809)" title="Battle of Raab (1809)">Battle of Raab (1809)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Graz" title="Battle of Graz">Battle of Graz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Leipzig" title="Battle of Leipzig">Battle of Leipzig</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:12em;vertical-align:top;"><a href="/wiki/Hungarian_Revolution_of_1848%E2%80%9349" class="mw-redirect" title="Hungarian Revolution of 1848–49">Hungarian Revolution of 1848–49</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_P%C3%A1kozd" title="Battle of Pákozd">Battle of Pákozd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vienna_Uprising" title="Vienna Uprising">Vienna Uprising</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Schwechat" title="Battle of Schwechat">Battle of Schwechat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_M%C3%B3r" title="Battle of Mór">Battle of Mór</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_K%C3%A1polna" title="Battle of Kápolna">Battle of Kápolna</a></li> <li>Battles of Komárom <ul><li><a href="/wiki/First_Battle_of_Kom%C3%A1rom_(1849)" title="First Battle of Komárom (1849)">First battle</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_Battle_of_Kom%C3%A1rom_(1849)" title="Second Battle of Komárom (1849)">Second battle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Third_Battle_of_Kom%C3%A1rom_(1849)" title="Third Battle of Komárom (1849)">Third battle</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Temesv%C3%A1r" title="Battle of Temesvár">Battle of Temesvár</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:12em;vertical-align:top;"><a href="/wiki/Third_Italian_War_of_Independence" title="Third Italian War of Independence">Third Italian War of Independence</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Custoza_(1866)" title="Battle of Custoza (1866)">Battle of Custoza</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Lissa_(1866)" title="Battle of Lissa (1866)">Battle of Vis</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:12em;vertical-align:top;"><a href="/wiki/Austro-Hungarian_campaign_in_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina_in_1878#Occupation" title="Austro-Hungarian campaign in Bosnia and Herzegovina in 1878">Austro-Hungarian – Bosnia-Herzegovinian War</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Jajce_(1878)" title="Battle of Jajce (1878)">Battle of Jajce (1878)</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_Vitez_(1878)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Battle of Vitez (1878) (page does not exist)">Battle of Vitez (1878)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Sarajevo_(1878)" title="Battle of Sarajevo (1878)">Battle of Sarajevo (1878)</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_Livno_(1878)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Battle of Livno (1878) (page does not exist)">Battle of Livno (1878)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left;">20th-century wars</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:12em;vertical-align:top;">World War I</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Adriatic_Campaign_of_World_War_I" title="Adriatic Campaign of World War I">Adriatic Campaign</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Galicia" title="Battle of Galicia">Battle of Galicia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battles_of_the_Isonzo" title="Battles of the Isonzo">Battle of Soča</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Caporetto" title="Battle of Caporetto">Battle of Caporetto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bombardment_of_Ancona" title="Bombardment of Ancona">Bombardment of Ancona</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_Battle_of_the_Piave_River" title="Second Battle of the Piave River">Second Battle of the Piave River</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Vittorio_Veneto" title="Battle of Vittorio Veneto">Battle of Vittorio Veneto</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:12em;vertical-align:top;">World War II</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Invasion_of_Yugoslavia" title="Invasion of Yugoslavia">Invasion of Yugoslavia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Kozara" class="mw-redirect" title="Battle of Kozara">Battle of Kozara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Livno" title="Battle of Livno">Battle of Livno</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Stalingrad" title="Battle of Stalingrad">Battle of Stalingrad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Neretva" class="mw-redirect" title="Battle of Neretva">Battle of Neretva</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Otto_(1943)" title="Operation Otto (1943)">Operation Otto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_the_Sutjeska" class="mw-redirect" title="Battle of the Sutjeska">Battle of the Sutjeska</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raid_on_Drvar" class="mw-redirect" title="Raid on Drvar">Raid on Drvar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Syrmian_Front" title="Syrmian Front">Syrmian Front</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Knin" title="Battle of Knin">Battle of Knin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Mostar" class="mw-redirect" title="Battle of Mostar">Battle of Mostar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Lijev%C4%8De_Field" title="Battle of Lijevče Field">Battle of Lijevče Field</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Sarajevo_(1945)" class="mw-redirect" title="Siege of Sarajevo (1945)">Battle of Sarajevo (1945)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:12em;vertical-align:top;"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Croatian War of Independence</a> (1991–1995)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pakrac_clash" title="Pakrac clash">Pakrac clash</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plitvice_Lakes_incident" title="Plitvice Lakes incident">Plitvice Lakes incident</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Borovo_Selo_killings" class="mw-redirect" title="Borovo Selo killings">Borovo Selo killings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Stinger" title="Operation Stinger">Operation Stinger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1991_Yugoslav_campaign_in_Croatia" title="1991 Yugoslav campaign in Croatia">1991 Yugoslav campaign in Croatia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dalj_massacre" title="Dalj massacre">Dalj massacre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Osijek" title="Battle of Osijek">Battle of Osijek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Vukovar" title="Battle of Vukovar">Battle of Vukovar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vukovar_massacre" title="Vukovar massacre">Vukovar massacre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Gospi%C4%87" title="Battle of Gospić">Battle of Gospić</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_%C5%A0ibenik" title="Battle of Šibenik">Battle of Šibenik</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Zadar" title="Battle of Zadar">Battle of Zadar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Kusonje" title="Battle of Kusonje">Battle of Kusonje</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_the_Barracks" title="Battle of the Barracks">Battle of the Barracks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Vara%C5%BEdin_Barracks" title="Siege of Varaždin Barracks">Siege of Varaždin Barracks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Bjelovar_Barracks" title="Siege of Bjelovar Barracks">Siege of Bjelovar Barracks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_the_Dalmatian_Channels" title="Battle of the Dalmatian Channels">Battle of the Dalmatian Channels</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gospi%C4%87_massacre" title="Gospić massacre">Gospić massacre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Dubrovnik" title="Siege of Dubrovnik">Siege of Dubrovnik</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Otkos_10" class="mw-redirect" title="Operation Otkos 10">Operation Otkos 10</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Orkan_91" class="mw-redirect" title="Operation Orkan 91">Operation Orkan 91</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Whirlwind" title="Operation Whirlwind">Operation Whirlwind</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Baranja" title="Operation Baranja">Operation Baranja</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Jackal" title="Operation Jackal">Operation Jackal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_the_Miljevci_Plateau" title="Battle of the Miljevci Plateau">Battle of the Miljevci Plateau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Tiger_(1992)" title="Operation Tiger (1992)">Operation Tiger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Maslenica" title="Operation Maslenica">Operation Maslenica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daruvar_Agreement" title="Daruvar Agreement">Daruvar Agreement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Medak_Pocket" title="Operation Medak Pocket">Operation Medak Pocket</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Winter_%2794" title="Operation Winter '94">Operation Winter '94</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Flash" title="Operation Flash">Operation Flash</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Summer_%2795" title="Operation Summer '95">Operation Summer '95</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Storm" title="Operation Storm">Operation Storm</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:12em;vertical-align:top;"><a href="/wiki/War_in_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina" class="mw-redirect" title="War in Bosnia and Herzegovina">War in Bosnia and Herzegovina</a> (1992–1995)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Kupres_(1992)" title="Battle of Kupres (1992)">Battle of Kupres (1992)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Sarajevo" title="Siege of Sarajevo">Siege of Sarajevo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Biha%C4%87_(1992%E2%80%9395)" class="mw-redirect" title="Siege of Bihać (1992–95)">Siege of Bihać (1992–95)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Vrbas_%2792" title="Operation Vrbas '92">Operation Vrbas '92</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Koridor" class="mw-redirect" title="Operation Koridor">Operation Koridor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_%C5%BDep%C4%8De" title="Battle of Žepče">Battle of Žepče</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Mostar" title="Siege of Mostar">Siege of Mostar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Neretva_%2793" title="Operation Neretva '93">Operation Neretva '93</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Tvigi_94" title="Operation Tvigi 94">Operation Tvigi 94</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Kupres_(1994)" title="Battle of Kupres (1994)">Battle of Kupres (Operation Cincar)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Ora%C5%A1je" title="Battle of Orašje">Battle of Orašje</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Mistral_2" title="Operation Mistral 2">Operation Maestral 2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Una" title="Operation Una">Operation Una</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Southern_Move" title="Operation Southern Move">Operation Southern Move</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left;">21st-century conflicts</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:12em;vertical-align:top;"><a href="/wiki/War_in_Afghanistan_(2001%E2%80%932021)" title="War in Afghanistan (2001–2021)">War in Afghanistan (2001–2021)</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/International_Security_Assistance_Force" title="International Security Assistance Force">International Security Assistance Force (ISAF)</a> (2003–2014)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Resolute_Support_Mission" title="Resolute Support Mission">Resolute Support Mission Force (RS)</a> (2015–present)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:12em;vertical-align:top;"><a href="/wiki/Golan_Heights" title="Golan Heights">Golan Heights</a> <a href="/wiki/Ceasefire" title="Ceasefire">ceasefire</a> after <a href="/wiki/Yom_Kippur_War" title="Yom Kippur War">Yom Kippur War</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Disengagement_Observer_Force" title="United Nations Disengagement Observer Force">United Nations Disengagement Observer Force (UNDOF)</a> (2008–2013)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div><a href="/wiki/Category:Battles_involving_Croatia" title="Category:Battles involving Croatia">Category</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Yugoslavia_articles" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Yugoslavia_topics" title="Template:Yugoslavia topics"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Yugoslavia_topics" title="Template talk:Yugoslavia topics"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Yugoslavia_topics" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Yugoslavia topics"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Yugoslavia_articles" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Yugoslavia" title="Yugoslavia">Yugoslavia</a> articles</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Yugoslavia" title="Yugoslavia">History</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_Yugoslavia" title="Timeline of Yugoslavia">Timeline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Creation_of_Yugoslavia" title="Creation of Yugoslavia">Creation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Yugoslavia" title="Kingdom of Yugoslavia">Kingdom</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/6_January_Dictatorship" title="6 January Dictatorship">6 January Dictatorship</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yugoslav_regency" title="Yugoslav regency">Yugoslav regency</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_War_II_in_Yugoslavia" title="World War II in Yugoslavia">World War II</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Invasion_of_Yugoslavia" title="Invasion of Yugoslavia">Invasion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yugoslav_Partisans" title="Yugoslav Partisans">Partisans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chetniks" title="Chetniks">Chetniks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Usta%C5%A1e" title="Ustaše">Ustaše</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Belgrade_offensive" title="Belgrade offensive">Belgrade offensive</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Socialist_Federal_Republic_of_Yugoslavia" title="Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia">SFR Yugoslavia</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tito%E2%80%93Stalin_split" title="Tito–Stalin split">Tito–Stalin split</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Informbiro_period" title="Informbiro period">Informbiro period</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Balkan_Pact_(1953)" title="Balkan Pact (1953)">Balkan Pact</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Federal_Republic_of_Yugoslavia" class="mw-redirect" title="Federal Republic of Yugoslavia">FR Yugoslavia</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kosovo_War" title="Kosovo War">Kosovo War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Overthrow_of_Slobodan_Milo%C5%A1evi%C4%87" title="Overthrow of Slobodan Milošević">Overthrow of Slobodan Milošević</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yugoslavism" title="Yugoslavism">Yugoslavism</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Yugoslav_irredentism" title="Yugoslav irredentism">Yugoslav irredentism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yugoslav_Committee" title="Yugoslav Committee">Yugoslav Committee</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yugo-nostalgia" title="Yugo-nostalgia">Yugo-nostalgia</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Breakup_of_Yugoslavia" title="Breakup of Yugoslavia">Breakup</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Breakup_of_Yugoslavia" title="Template:Breakup of Yugoslavia"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Breakup_of_Yugoslavia" title="Template talk:Breakup of Yugoslavia"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Breakup_of_Yugoslavia" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Breakup of Yugoslavia"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Breakup_of_Yugoslavia" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Breakup_of_Yugoslavia" title="Breakup of Yugoslavia">Breakup of Yugoslavia</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Overview</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Breakup_of_Yugoslavia" title="Breakup of Yugoslavia">Breakup of Yugoslavia</a> (1991–1992)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_breakup_of_Yugoslavia" title="Timeline of the breakup of Yugoslavia">Timeline of the breakup of Yugoslavia</a> (1980–2008)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Background</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Josip_Broz_Tito" title="Josip Broz Tito">Josip Broz Tito</a> (until 1980)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brotherhood_and_unity" title="Brotherhood and unity">Brotherhood and unity</a> (until 1990)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/League_of_Communists_of_Yugoslavia" title="League of Communists of Yugoslavia">League of Communists of Yugoslavia</a> (until 1990)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Croatian_Spring" title="Croatian Spring">Croatian Spring</a> (1967–1971)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1981_protests_in_Kosovo" title="1981 protests in Kosovo">1981 protests in Kosovo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islamic_Declaration" title="Islamic Declaration">Islamic Declaration</a> (1983)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/SANU_Memorandum" title="SANU Memorandum">SANU Memorandum</a> (1986)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Contributions_to_the_Slovene_National_Program" title="Contributions to the Slovene National Program">Contributions to the Slovene National Program</a> (1987)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slovene_Spring" class="mw-redirect" title="Slovene Spring">Slovene Spring</a> (1987–1988)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Agrokomerc_Affair" class="mw-redirect" title="Agrokomerc Affair">Agrokomerc Affair</a> (1987)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/8th_session_of_the_Central_Committee_of_the_League_of_Communists_of_Serbia" title="8th session of the Central Committee of the League of Communists of Serbia">8th session of the Central Committee of the League of Communists of Serbia</a> (1987)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/JBTZ_trial" title="JBTZ trial">JBTZ trial</a> (1988)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hyperinflation_in_the_Socialist_Federal_Republic_of_Yugoslavia" class="mw-redirect" title="Hyperinflation in the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia">Hyperinflation in the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia</a> (1980s)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Events and actors</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anti-bureaucratic_revolution" title="Anti-bureaucratic revolution">Anti-bureaucratic revolution</a> (1988–1989)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gazimestan_speech" title="Gazimestan speech">Gazimestan speech</a> (1989)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/14th_Congress_of_the_League_of_Communists_of_Yugoslavia" title="14th Congress of the League of Communists of Yugoslavia">14th Congress of the League of Communists of Yugoslavia</a> (1990)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Independence_of_Croatia" title="Independence of Croatia">Independence of Croatia</a> (1989–1992)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Log_Revolution" title="Log Revolution">Log Revolution</a> (1990–1991)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Milo%C5%A1evi%C4%87%E2%80%93Tu%C4%91man_Kara%C4%91or%C4%91evo_meeting" title="Milošević–Tuđman Karađorđevo meeting">Milošević–Tuđman Karađorđevo meeting</a> (1991)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/RAM_Plan" title="RAM Plan">RAM Plan</a> (1991)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brioni_Agreement" title="Brioni Agreement">Brioni Agreement</a> (1991)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Role_of_the_media_in_the_breakup_of_Yugoslavia" class="mw-redirect" title="Role of the media in the breakup of Yugoslavia">Role of the media in the breakup of Yugoslavia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arbitration_Commission_of_the_Peace_Conference_on_Yugoslavia" title="Arbitration Commission of the Peace Conference on Yugoslavia">Arbitration Commission of the Peace Conference on Yugoslavia</a> (1991–1993)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible expanded navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Yugoslavian_independence_referendums" title="Template:Yugoslavian independence referendums"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Yugoslavian_independence_referendums" title="Template talk:Yugoslavian independence referendums"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Yugoslavian_independence_referendums" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Yugoslavian independence referendums"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="23x15px&#124;border_&#124;alt=Socialist_Federal_Republic_of_Yugoslavia&#124;link=Socialist_Federal_Republic_of_Yugoslavia_Independence_referendums_in_Yugoslavia" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Socialist_Federal_Republic_of_Yugoslavia" title="Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia"><img alt="Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Flag_of_Yugoslavia_%281946-1992%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Yugoslavia_%281946-1992%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Flag_of_Yugoslavia_%281946-1992%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Yugoslavia_%281946-1992%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Flag_of_Yugoslavia_%281946-1992%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_Yugoslavia_%281946-1992%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="500" /></a> Independence referendums in Yugoslavia</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Republics and provinces</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1990_Slovenian_independence_referendum" title="1990 Slovenian independence referendum">Slovenia</a> (1990)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1991_Croatian_independence_referendum" title="1991 Croatian independence referendum">Croatia</a> (1991)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1991_Macedonian_independence_referendum" title="1991 Macedonian independence referendum">Macedonia</a> (1991)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1991_Kosovan_independence_referendum" title="1991 Kosovan independence referendum">Kosovo</a> (1991)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1992_Bosnian_independence_referendum" title="1992 Bosnian independence referendum">Bosnia and Herzegovina</a> (1992)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1992_Montenegrin_sovereignty_referendum" title="1992 Montenegrin sovereignty referendum">Montenegro</a> (1992)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/2006_Montenegrin_independence_referendum" title="2006 Montenegrin independence referendum">Montenegro</a> (2006)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Autonomy</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1990_SAO_Krajina_autonomy_referendum&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1990 SAO Krajina autonomy referendum (page does not exist)">SAO Krajina</a> (1990)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1991_Sand%C5%BEak_autonomy_referendum" title="1991 Sandžak autonomy referendum">Sandžak</a> (1991)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1991_Bosnian_Serb_referendum" title="1991 Bosnian Serb referendum">Srpska</a> (1991)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1992_Macedonian_Albanian_autonomy_referendum" class="mw-redirect" title="1992 Macedonian Albanian autonomy referendum">Ilirida</a> (1992)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1997_Eastern_Slavonia_integrity_referendum" title="1997 Eastern Slavonia integrity referendum">Eastern Slavonia</a> (1997)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/2004_Macedonian_autonomy_referendum" title="2004 Macedonian autonomy referendum">Macedonia</a> (2004)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Consequences</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Yugoslav_Wars" title="Yugoslav Wars">Yugoslav Wars</a> (1991-2001)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ethnic_cleansing" title="Ethnic cleansing">Ethnic cleansing</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Croatian War of Independence</a> (1991–1995)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ten-Day_War" title="Ten-Day War">Ten-Day War</a> (1991)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bosnian_War" title="Bosnian War">Bosnian War</a> (1992–1995)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Federal_Republic_of_Yugoslavia" class="mw-redirect" title="Federal Republic of Yugoslavia">Federal Republic of Yugoslavia</a> (1992–)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Graz_agreement" title="Graz agreement">Graz agreement</a> (1992)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sanctions_against_the_Federal_Republic_of_Yugoslavia" class="mw-redirect" title="Sanctions against the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia">Sanctions against the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia</a> (1992–2001)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hyperinflation_in_the_Federal_Republic_of_Yugoslavia" title="Hyperinflation in the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia">Hyperinflation in the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia</a> (1992–1994)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dayton_Agreement" title="Dayton Agreement">Dayton Agreement</a> (1996)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joint_Criminal_Enterprise" class="mw-redirect" title="Joint Criminal Enterprise">Joint Criminal Enterprise</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Agreement_on_Sub-Regional_Arms_Control" title="Agreement on Sub-Regional Arms Control">Agreement on Sub-Regional Arms Control</a> (1996)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Criminal_Tribunal_for_the_former_Yugoslavia" title="International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia">International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia</a> (1993–2017)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Overthrow_of_Slobodan_Milo%C5%A1evi%C4%87" title="Overthrow of Slobodan Milošević">Overthrow of Slobodan Milošević</a> (2000)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Nationalism</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Greater_Albania" title="Greater Albania">Greater Albania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greater_Croatia" title="Greater Croatia">Greater Croatia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Macedonia" title="United Macedonia">United Macedonia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greater_Serbia" title="Greater Serbia">Greater Serbia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Slovenia" title="United Slovenia">United Slovenia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anti-Serbian_sentiment" class="mw-redirect" title="Anti-Serbian sentiment">Anti-Serbian sentiment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islamophobia" title="Islamophobia">Islamophobia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albanian_nationalism" title="Albanian nationalism">Albanian nationalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bosniak_nationalism" title="Bosniak nationalism">Bosniak nationalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Croatian_nationalism" title="Croatian nationalism">Croatian nationalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Macedonian_nationalism" title="Macedonian nationalism">Macedonian nationalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Montenegrin_nationalism" title="Montenegrin nationalism">Montenegrin nationalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Serbian_nationalism" title="Serbian nationalism">Serbian nationalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Serbian%E2%80%93Montenegrin_unionism" title="Serbian–Montenegrin unionism">Serbian–Montenegrin unionism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slovenian_nationalism" title="Slovenian nationalism">Slovenian nationalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yugoslavism" title="Yugoslavism">Yugoslavism</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow hlist" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /> <a href="/wiki/Category:Breakup_of_Yugoslavia" title="Category:Breakup of Yugoslavia">Category</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Yugoslavia" title="Yugoslavia">Politics</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Administrative_divisions_of_Yugoslavia" title="Administrative divisions of Yugoslavia">Administrative divisions</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Subdivisions_of_the_Kingdom_of_Yugoslavia" title="Subdivisions of the Kingdom of Yugoslavia">Kingdom</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Constitution_of_Yugoslavia" title="Constitution of Yugoslavia">Constitution</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Vidovdan_Constitution" title="Vidovdan Constitution">1921</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1931_Yugoslav_Constitution" title="1931 Yugoslav Constitution">1931</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1946_Yugoslav_Constitution" title="1946 Yugoslav Constitution">1946</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1953_Yugoslav_constitutional_amendments" title="1953 Yugoslav constitutional amendments">1953</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1963_Yugoslav_Constitution" title="1963 Yugoslav Constitution">1963</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1974_Yugoslav_Constitution" title="1974 Yugoslav Constitution">1974</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elections_in_Yugoslavia" title="Elections in Yugoslavia">Elections</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Federal_Executive_Council_(Yugoslavia)" title="Federal Executive Council (Yugoslavia)">Federal Executive Council</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Yugoslavia" title="Prime Minister of Yugoslavia">Prime Minister</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deputy_Prime_Minister_of_Yugoslavia" title="Deputy Prime Minister of Yugoslavia">Deputy Prime Minister</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_Yugoslavia" title="Foreign relations of Yugoslavia">Foreign relations</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Yugoslavia_and_the_United_Nations" title="Yugoslavia and the United Nations">UN</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yugoslavia_and_the_Non-Aligned_Movement" title="Yugoslavia and the Non-Aligned Movement">NAM</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yugoslavia_and_the_Organisation_of_African_Unity" title="Yugoslavia and the Organisation of African Unity">OAU</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yugoslavia%E2%80%93European_Communities_relations" title="Yugoslavia–European Communities relations">EEC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yugoslav_passport" title="Yugoslav passport">Passport</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_cabinets_of_Yugoslavia" title="List of cabinets of Yugoslavia">Governments</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_heads_of_state_of_Yugoslavia" title="List of heads of state of Yugoslavia">Heads of state</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_deputy_heads_of_state_of_Yugoslavia" title="List of deputy heads of state of Yugoslavia">Deputy heads of state</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Presidency_of_Yugoslavia" title="Presidency of Yugoslavia">Presidency</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_members_of_the_Presidency_of_Yugoslavia" title="List of members of the Presidency of Yugoslavia">members</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Human_rights_in_Yugoslavia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Human rights in Yugoslavia (page does not exist)">Human rights</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/LGBT_history_in_Yugoslavia" title="LGBT history in Yugoslavia">LGBT</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parliament_of_Yugoslavia" class="mw-redirect" title="Parliament of Yugoslavia">Parliament</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Titoism" title="Titoism">Titoism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C4%90ilasism" title="Đilasism">Đilasism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rankovi%C4%87ism" title="Rankovićism">Rankovićism</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_political_parties_in_Yugoslavia" title="List of political parties in Yugoslavia">Political parties</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/League_of_Communists_of_Yugoslavia" title="League of Communists of Yugoslavia">League of Communists</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/State_Security_Administration" class="mw-redirect" title="State Security Administration">Security</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/KOS_(Yugoslavia)" class="mw-redirect" title="KOS (Yugoslavia)">counterintelligence</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Yugoslav_Army_(disambiguation)" class="mw-redirect mw-disambig" title="Yugoslav Army (disambiguation)">Military</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Military_history_of_Yugoslavia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Military history of Yugoslavia (page does not exist)">History</a></li> <li>Army <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Yugoslav_Army" title="Royal Yugoslav Army">1918–1945</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yugoslav_People%27s_Army" title="Yugoslav People's Army">1945–1992</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Yugoslav_Ground_Forces" title="Yugoslav Ground Forces">Ground</a></li></ul></li></ul></li> <li>Navy <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Yugoslav_Navy" title="Royal Yugoslav Navy">1918–1945</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yugoslav_Navy" title="Yugoslav Navy">1945–1992</a></li></ul></li> <li>Air Force <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Yugoslav_Air_Force" title="Royal Yugoslav Air Force">1918–1945</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yugoslav_Air_Force" title="Yugoslav Air Force">1945–1992</a></li></ul></li> <li>Ranks <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Military_ranks_of_the_Kingdom_of_Yugoslavia" title="Military ranks of the Kingdom of Yugoslavia">1918–1945</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yugoslav_People%27s_Army_ranks" class="mw-redirect" title="Yugoslav People's Army ranks">1945–1992</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Marshal_of_Yugoslavia" title="Marshal of Yugoslavia">Marshal</a></li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Territorial_Defense_(Yugoslavia)" title="Territorial Defense (Yugoslavia)">Territorial Defense</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_the_Socialist_Federal_Republic_of_Yugoslavia" title="Economy of the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia">Economy</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Agriculture_in_Yugoslavia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Agriculture in Yugoslavia (page does not exist)">Agriculture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_computer_hardware_in_Yugoslavia" title="History of computer hardware in Yugoslavia">Computer systems</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_computer_systems_from_Yugoslavia" title="List of computer systems from Yugoslavia">list</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yugoslav_dinar" title="Yugoslav dinar">Dinar (currency)</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Energy_in_Yugoslavia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Energy in Yugoslavia (page does not exist)">Energy</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Industry_of_Yugoslavia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Industry of Yugoslavia (page does not exist)">Industry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yugoslav_krone" title="Yugoslav krone">Krone (currency)</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mining_industry_of_Yugoslavia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mining industry of Yugoslavia (page does not exist)">Mining</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Bank_of_Yugoslavia" title="National Bank of Yugoslavia">National Bank</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_governors_of_national_banks_of_Serbia_and_Yugoslavia" title="List of governors of national banks of Serbia and Yugoslavia">governors</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Postal_codes_in_Yugoslavia" title="Postal codes in Yugoslavia">Postal codes</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Services_in_Yugoslavia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Services in Yugoslavia (page does not exist)">Services</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Belgrade_Stock_Exchange" title="Belgrade Stock Exchange">Stock Exchange</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Telecommunications_in_Yugoslavia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Telecommunications in Yugoslavia (page does not exist)">Telecommunications</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/.yu" title=".yu">Internet domain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telephone_numbers_in_Yugoslavia" title="Telephone numbers in Yugoslavia">Telephone numbers</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tourism_in_Yugoslavia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tourism in Yugoslavia (page does not exist)">Tourism</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Transport_in_Yugoslavia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Transport in Yugoslavia (page does not exist)">Transport</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Yugoslav_Railways" title="Yugoslav Railways">Railways</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_companies_of_the_Socialist_Federal_Republic_of_Yugoslavia" title="List of companies of the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia">List of companies</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Category:Society_of_Yugoslavia" title="Category:Society of Yugoslavia">Society</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_Yugoslavia" class="mw-redirect" title="Demographics of Yugoslavia">Demographics</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_the_Kingdom_of_Yugoslavia" title="Demographics of the Kingdom of Yugoslavia">Kingdom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_the_Socialist_Federal_Republic_of_Yugoslavia" title="Demographics of the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia">SFRY</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Education_in_Yugoslavia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Education in Yugoslavia (page does not exist)">Education</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ethnic_groups_in_Yugoslavia" title="Ethnic groups in Yugoslavia">Ethnic groups</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Healthcare_in_Yugoslavia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Healthcare in Yugoslavia (page does not exist)">Healthcare</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Minorities_of_Yugoslavia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Minorities of Yugoslavia (page does not exist)">Minorities</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Public_holidays_in_Yugoslavia" title="Public holidays in Yugoslavia">Public holidays</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yugoslavs" title="Yugoslavs">Yugoslavs</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Yugoslavs_in_Serbia" title="Yugoslavs in Serbia">in Serbia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yugoslav_Canadians" title="Yugoslav Canadians">in Canada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yugoslav_Americans" title="Yugoslav Americans">in the United States</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Languages_of_Yugoslavia" title="Languages of Yugoslavia">Languages</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Macedonian_language" title="Macedonian language">Macedonian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Serbo-Croatian" title="Serbo-Croatian">Serbo-Croatian</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bosnian_language" title="Bosnian language">Bosnian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Croatian_language" title="Croatian language">Croatian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Montenegrin_language" title="Montenegrin language">Montenegrin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Serbian_language" title="Serbian language">Serbian</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slovene_language" title="Slovene language">Slovene (Slovenian)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Culture_of_Yugoslavia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Culture of Yugoslavia (page does not exist)">Culture</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Yugoslav_studies" title="Yugoslav studies">Yugoslav studies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Croatian_Academy_of_Sciences_and_Arts" title="Croatian Academy of Sciences and Arts">Academy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Architecture_of_Yugoslavia" title="Architecture of Yugoslavia">Architecture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Art_of_Yugoslavia" title="Art of Yugoslavia">Art</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cinema_of_Yugoslavia" title="Cinema of Yugoslavia">Cinema</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Yugoslav_films" title="List of Yugoslav films">films</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yugoslav_Drama_Theatre" title="Yugoslav Drama Theatre">Drama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Encyclopedia_of_Yugoslavia" title="Encyclopedia of Yugoslavia">Encyclopedia of Yugoslavia</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Folklore_of_Yugoslavia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Folklore of Yugoslavia (page does not exist)">Folklore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Yugoslavia" title="Music of Yugoslavia">Music</a> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_Yugoslav_composers&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="List of Yugoslav composers (page does not exist)">composers</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yugoslav_national_costume&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Yugoslav national costume (page does not exist)">National costume</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yugoslav_philosophy" title="Yugoslav philosophy">Philosophy</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Religion_in_Yugoslavia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Religion in Yugoslavia (page does not exist)">Religion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sport_in_Yugoslavia" title="Sport in Yugoslavia">Sport</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Football_in_Yugoslavia" title="Football in Yugoslavia">football</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yugoslav_Radio_Television" title="Yugoslav Radio Television">Yugoslav Radio Television</a></li></ul> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;">Cuisine</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bosnia_and_Herzegovina_cuisine" title="Bosnia and Herzegovina cuisine">Bosnian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Croatian_cuisine" title="Croatian cuisine">Croatian</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Croatian_wine" title="Croatian wine">wine</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Macedonian_cuisine" title="Macedonian cuisine">Macedonian</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Macedonian_wine" title="Macedonian wine">wine</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Montenegrin_cuisine" title="Montenegrin cuisine">Montenegrin</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Montenegrin_wine" title="Montenegrin wine">wine</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Serbian_cuisine" title="Serbian cuisine">Serbian</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Serbian_wine" title="Serbian wine">wine</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slovenian_cuisine" title="Slovenian cuisine">Slovenian</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Slovenian_wine" title="Slovenian wine">wine</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kosovan_cuisine" class="mw-redirect" title="Kosovan cuisine">Kosovan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Balkan_cuisine" title="Balkan cuisine">Balkan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Central_European_cuisine" title="Central European cuisine">Central European</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mediterranean_cuisine" title="Mediterranean cuisine">Mediterranean</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;">Literature</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Literature_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina" title="Literature of Bosnia and Herzegovina">Bosnian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Croatian_literature" title="Croatian literature">Croatian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Literature_of_Kosovo" title="Literature of Kosovo">Kosovan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Macedonian_literature" title="Macedonian literature">Macedonian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Literature_of_Montenegro" class="mw-redirect" title="Literature of Montenegro">Montenegrin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Serbian_literature" title="Serbian literature">Serbian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slovene_literature" title="Slovene literature">Slovene</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Yugoslav_poets" title="List of Yugoslav poets">Poets</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;">Symbols</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/National_Anthem_of_the_Kingdom_of_Yugoslavia" title="National Anthem of the Kingdom of Yugoslavia">Anthem (1918–1945</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hey,_Slavs" title="Hey, Slavs">1945–1992)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emblem_of_Yugoslavia" title="Emblem of Yugoslavia">Emblem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flag_of_Yugoslavia" title="Flag of Yugoslavia">Flag of Yugoslavia</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Yugoslav_flags" title="List of Yugoslav flags">list</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brotherhood_and_unity" title="Brotherhood and unity">Motto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orders,_decorations,_and_medals_of_SFR_Yugoslavia" class="mw-redirect" title="Orders, decorations, and medals of SFR Yugoslavia">Orders, decorations, and medals of SFR Yugoslavia</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="font-weight:bold;"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Yugoslavia" title="Category:Yugoslavia">Category</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Yugoslav_Wars" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Yugoslav_Wars" title="Template:Yugoslav Wars"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Yugoslav_Wars" title="Template talk:Yugoslav Wars"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Yugoslav_Wars" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Yugoslav Wars"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Yugoslav_Wars" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Yugoslav_Wars" title="Yugoslav Wars">Yugoslav Wars</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Wars and conflicts</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Log_Revolution" title="Log Revolution">Log Revolution</a> (1990)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ten-Day_War" title="Ten-Day War">Slovenian War of Independence</a> (1991)</li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Croatian War of Independence</a> (1991–1995)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bosnian_War" title="Bosnian War">Bosnian War</a> (1992–1995) <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Croat%E2%80%93Bosniak_War" title="Croat–Bosniak War">Croat–Bosniak War</a> (1992–1994)</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kosovo_War" title="Kosovo War">Kosovo War</a> (1998–99)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Insurgency_in_the_Pre%C5%A1evo_Valley" title="Insurgency in the Preševo Valley">Insurgency in the Preševo Valley</a> (1999–2001)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/2001_insurgency_in_the_Republic_of_Macedonia" class="mw-redirect" title="2001 insurgency in the Republic of Macedonia">2001 insurgency in the Republic of Macedonia</a> (2001)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Background</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/SFR_Yugoslavia" class="mw-redirect" title="SFR Yugoslavia">SFR Yugoslavia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Breakup_of_Yugoslavia" title="Breakup of Yugoslavia">Breakup of Yugoslavia</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Anti-war protests</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1991%E2%80%931992_anti-war_protests_in_Belgrade" title="1991–1992 anti-war protests in Belgrade">Belgrade</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1992_anti-war_protests_in_Sarajevo" title="1992 anti-war protests in Sarajevo">Sarajevo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Concert_Yutel_for_Peace" title="Concert Yutel for Peace">YUTEL for Peace</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Successor states</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Croatia" class="mw-redirect" title="Republic of Croatia">Republic of Croatia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Slovenia" class="mw-redirect" title="Republic of Slovenia">Republic of Slovenia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina" title="Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina">Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Macedonia" title="North Macedonia">Republic of Macedonia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Federal_Republic_of_Yugoslavia" class="mw-redirect" title="Federal Republic of Yugoslavia">Federal Republic of Yugoslavia</a> (FRY/SRJ)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Unrecognized entities</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Croatian_Republic_of_Herzeg-Bosnia" title="Croatian Republic of Herzeg-Bosnia">Croatian Republic of Herzeg-Bosnia</a> (HRHB)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Autonomous_Province_of_Western_Bosnia" title="Autonomous Province of Western Bosnia">Autonomous Province of Western Bosnia</a> (APZB)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Kosova" title="Republic of Kosova">Republic of Kosova</a></li></ul> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Serb_Autonomous_Regions" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Serb_Autonomous_Regions" title="Serb Autonomous Regions">Serb Autonomous Regions</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Serbian_Krajina" title="Republic of Serbian Krajina">Republic of Serbian Krajina</a> (RSK) <ul><li><a href="/wiki/SAO_Eastern_Slavonia,_Baranja_and_Western_Syrmia" title="SAO Eastern Slavonia, Baranja and Western Syrmia">SAO Eastern Slavonia, Baranja and Western Syrmia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SAO_Krajina" title="SAO Krajina">SAO Krajina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SAO_Western_Slavonia" title="SAO Western Slavonia">SAO Western Slavonia</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republika_Srpska" title="Republika Srpska">Republika Srpska</a> (RS) <ul><li><a href="/wiki/SAO_Bosanska_Krajina" title="SAO Bosanska Krajina">SAO Bosanska Krajina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SAO_Herzegovina" title="SAO Herzegovina">SAO Herzegovina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SAO_North-Eastern_Bosnia" class="mw-redirect" title="SAO North-Eastern Bosnia">SAO North-Eastern Bosnia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SAO_Romanija" title="SAO Romanija">SAO Romanija</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eastern_Slavonia,_Baranja_and_Western_Syrmia_(1995%E2%80%931998)" title="Eastern Slavonia, Baranja and Western Syrmia (1995–1998)">Eastern Slavonia, Baranja and Western Syrmia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dubrovnik_Republic_(1991)" title="Dubrovnik Republic (1991)">Dubrovnik Republic</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">United Nations protectorate</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Transitional_Authority_for_Eastern_Slavonia,_Baranja_and_Western_Sirmium" class="mw-redirect" title="United Nations Transitional Authority for Eastern Slavonia, Baranja and Western Sirmium">UNTAES</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Interim_Administration_Mission_in_Kosovo" title="United Nations Interim Administration Mission in Kosovo">UNMIK</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Armies</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Yugoslav_People%27s_Army" title="Yugoslav People's Army">Yugoslav People's Army</a> (JNA)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Territorial_Defense_Forces_(Yugoslavia)" class="mw-redirect" title="Territorial Defense Forces (Yugoslavia)">Yugoslav Territorial Defence</a> (TO)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slovenian_Territorial_Defence" title="Slovenian Territorial Defence">Slovenian Territorial Defence</a> (TORS)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yugoslav_Army_(FRY)" class="mw-redirect" title="Yugoslav Army (FRY)">Yugoslav Army</a> (VJ)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Croatian_Ground_Army" class="mw-redirect" title="Croatian Ground Army">Croatian Army</a> (HV)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Territorial_Defence_Force_of_the_Republic_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina" title="Territorial Defence Force of the Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina">BiH Territorial Defence</a> (TORBIH)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Army_of_the_Republic_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina" title="Army of the Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina">Army of the Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina</a> (ARBiH)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Army_of_Republika_Srpska" title="Army of Republika Srpska">Army of Republika Srpska</a> (VRS)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Army_of_the_Republic_of_Serb_Krajina" class="mw-redirect" title="Army of the Republic of Serb Krajina">Army of the Republic of Serb Krajina</a> (SVK)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Croatian_Defence_Council" title="Croatian Defence Council">Croatian Defence Council</a> (HVO)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kosovo_Liberation_Army" title="Kosovo Liberation Army">Kosovo Liberation Army</a> (UÇK in <a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Serbia_(1992%E2%80%932006)" title="Republic of Serbia (1992–2006)">R. Serbia</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Liberation_Army_(Macedonia)" title="National Liberation Army (Macedonia)">National Liberation Army</a> (UÇK in R. Macedonia)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liberation_Army_of_Pre%C5%A1evo,_Medve%C4%91a_and_Bujanovac" title="Liberation Army of Preševo, Medveđa and Bujanovac">Liberation Army of Preševo, Medveđa and Bujanovac</a> (UÇPMB)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Military formations and volunteers</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Croatian_National_Guard" title="Croatian National Guard">Croatian National Guard</a> (ZNG)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Croatian_Defence_Forces" title="Croatian Defence Forces">Croatian Defence Forces</a> (HOS)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/White_Eagles_(paramilitary)" title="White Eagles (paramilitary)">White Eagles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Serbian_Guard" title="Serbian Guard">Serb Guard</a> (SG)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Serb_Volunteer_Guard" title="Serb Volunteer Guard">Serb Volunteer Guard</a> (SDG)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scorpions_(Serbia)" class="mw-redirect" title="Scorpions (Serbia)">Scorpions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yellow_Wasps" title="Yellow Wasps">Yellow Wasps</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Garda_Panteri" title="Garda Panteri">Garda Panteri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Du%C5%A1an_the_Mighty_(paramilitary)" title="Dušan the Mighty (paramilitary)">Dušan the Mighty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kninjas" title="Kninjas">Kninjas</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Serb_Falcons&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Serb Falcons (page does not exist)">Serb Falcons</a> [<a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%80%D0%BF%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B8" class="extiw" title="sr:Српски соколови">sr</a>]</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tobutski_sokolovi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tobutski sokolovi (page does not exist)">Tobutski sokolovi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jackals_(paramilitary)" title="Jackals (paramilitary)">Jackals</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greek_Volunteer_Guard" title="Greek Volunteer Guard">Greek Volunteer Guard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wolves_of_Vu%C4%8Djak" title="Wolves of Vučjak">Wolves of Vučjak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AKSH" class="mw-redirect" title="AKSH">AKSH</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Green_Berets_(Bosnian_paramilitary)" title="Green Berets (Bosnian paramilitary)">Green Berets</a> (GB)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Patriotic_League_(Bosnia_and_Herzegovina)" title="Patriotic League (Bosnia and Herzegovina)">Patriotic League</a> (PL)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black_Swans_(special_forces)" title="Black Swans (special forces)">Black Swans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bosnian_mujahideen" title="Bosnian mujahideen">Bosnian mujahideen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Defence_of_the_Autonomous_Province_of_Western_Bosnia" title="National Defence of the Autonomous Province of Western Bosnia">People's Defence of Western Bosnia</a> (NOZB)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">External factors</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/NATO" title="NATO">NATO</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Implementation_Force" title="Implementation Force">IFOR</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stabilisation_Force_in_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina" title="Stabilisation Force in Bosnia and Herzegovina">SFOR</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kosovo_Force" title="Kosovo Force">KFOR</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/EU" class="mw-redirect" title="EU">EU</a> (<a href="/wiki/European_Union_Monitoring_Mission_in_the_former_Yugoslavia" title="European Union Monitoring Mission in the former Yugoslavia">EUMM</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Nations" title="United Nations">United Nations</a> (UN) <ul><li><a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Protection_Force" title="United Nations Protection Force">UNPROFOR</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Confidence_Restoration_Operation" class="mw-redirect" title="United Nations Confidence Restoration Operation">UNCRO</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Politicians</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fikret_Abdi%C4%87" title="Fikret Abdić">Fikret Abdić</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Milan_Babi%C4%87" title="Milan Babić">Milan Babić</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mate_Boban" title="Mate Boban">Mate Boban</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Momir_Bulatovi%C4%87" title="Momir Bulatović">Momir Bulatović</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Milo_%C4%90ukanovi%C4%87" title="Milo Đukanović">Milo Đukanović</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nijaz_Durakovi%C4%87" title="Nijaz Duraković">Nijaz Duraković</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vuk_Dra%C5%A1kovi%C4%87" title="Vuk Drašković">Vuk Drašković</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Goran_Had%C5%BEi%C4%87" title="Goran Hadžić">Goran Hadžić</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alija_Izetbegovi%C4%87" title="Alija Izetbegović">Alija Izetbegović</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Janez_Jan%C5%A1a" title="Janez Janša">Janez Janša</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Borisav_Jovi%C4%87" title="Borisav Jović">Borisav Jović</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mirko_Jovi%C4%87" title="Mirko Jović">Mirko Jović</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Radovan_Karad%C5%BEi%C4%87" title="Radovan Karadžić">Radovan Karadžić</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vojislav_Ko%C5%A1tunica" title="Vojislav Koštunica">Vojislav Koštunica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mom%C4%8Dilo_Kraji%C5%A1nik" title="Momčilo Krajišnik">Momčilo Krajišnik</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Milan_Ku%C4%8Dan" title="Milan Kučan">Milan Kučan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ante_Markovi%C4%87" title="Ante Marković">Ante Marković</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Milan_Marti%C4%87" title="Milan Martić">Milan Martić</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stjepan_Mesi%C4%87" title="Stjepan Mesić">Stjepan Mesić</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slobodan_Milo%C5%A1evi%C4%87" title="Slobodan Milošević">Slobodan Milošević</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ante_Parad%C5%BEik" title="Ante Paradžik">Ante Paradžik</a>  <a href="/wiki/Assassination" title="Assassination">X</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dobroslav_Paraga" title="Dobroslav Paraga">Dobroslav Paraga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lojze_Peterle" title="Lojze Peterle">Lojze Peterle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Biljana_Plav%C5%A1i%C4%87" title="Biljana Plavšić">Biljana Plavšić</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jadranko_Prli%C4%87" title="Jadranko Prlić">Jadranko Prlić</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jovan_Ra%C5%A1kovi%C4%87" title="Jovan Rašković">Jovan Rašković</a>  <a href="/wiki/Myocardial_infarction" title="Myocardial infarction">†</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ibrahim_Rugova" title="Ibrahim Rugova">Ibrahim Rugova</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vojislav_%C5%A0e%C5%A1elj" title="Vojislav Šešelj">Vojislav Šešelj</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haris_Silajd%C5%BEi%C4%87" title="Haris Silajdžić">Haris Silajdžić</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Franjo_Tu%C4%91man" title="Franjo Tuđman">Franjo Tuđman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kre%C5%A1imir_Zubak" title="Krešimir Zubak">Krešimir Zubak</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Top military commanders</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Rahim_Ademi" title="Rahim Ademi">Rahim Ademi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Janko_Bobetko" title="Janko Bobetko">Janko Bobetko</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Agim_%C3%87eku" title="Agim Çeku">Agim Çeku</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wesley_Clark" title="Wesley Clark">Wesley Clark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rasim_Deli%C4%87" title="Rasim Delić">Rasim Delić</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sefer_Halilovi%C4%87" title="Sefer Halilović">Sefer Halilović</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Veljko_Kadijevi%C4%87" title="Veljko Kadijević">Veljko Kadijević</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ratko_Mladi%C4%87" title="Ratko Mladić">Ratko Mladić</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mile_Novakovi%C4%87" title="Mile Novaković">Mile Novaković</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dragoljub_Ojdani%C4%87" title="Dragoljub Ojdanić">Dragoljub Ojdanić</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C5%BDivota_Pani%C4%87" title="Života Panić">Života Panić</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neboj%C5%A1a_Pavkovi%C4%87" title="Nebojša Pavković">Nebojša Pavković</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mom%C4%8Dilo_Peri%C5%A1i%C4%87" title="Momčilo Perišić">Momčilo Perišić</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Milivoj_Petkovi%C4%87" title="Milivoj Petković">Milivoj Petković</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ridvan_Qazimi" title="Ridvan Qazimi">Ridvan Qazimi</a>  <a href="/wiki/Killed_in_action" title="Killed in action">†</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martin_%C5%A0pegelj" title="Martin Špegelj">Martin Špegelj</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gojko_%C5%A0u%C5%A1ak" title="Gojko Šušak">Gojko Šušak</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other notable commanders</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mehmed_Alagi%C4%87" title="Mehmed Alagić">Mehmed Alagić</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tihomir_Bla%C5%A1ki%C4%87" title="Tihomir Blaškić">Tihomir Blaškić</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C4%90or%C4%91e_Bo%C5%BEovi%C4%87" title="Đorđe Božović">Đorđe Božović</a>  <a href="/wiki/Killed_in_action" title="Killed in action">†</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Valentin_%C4%86ori%C4%87" title="Valentin Ćorić">Valentin Ćorić</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jovan_Divjak" title="Jovan Divjak">Jovan Divjak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Atif_Dudakovi%C4%87" title="Atif Dudaković">Atif Dudaković</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ante_Gotovina" title="Ante Gotovina">Ante Gotovina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zaim_Imamovi%C4%87_(officer)" title="Zaim Imamović (officer)">Zaim Imamović</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adem_Jashari" title="Adem Jashari">Adem Jashari</a>  <a href="/wiki/Killed_in_action" title="Killed in action">†</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bla%C5%BE_Kraljevi%C4%87" title="Blaž Kraljević">Blaž Kraljević</a>  <a href="/wiki/Assassination" title="Assassination">X</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vladimir_Lazarevi%C4%87" title="Vladimir Lazarević">Vladimir Lazarević</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Veljko_Milankovi%C4%87" title="Veljko Milanković">Veljko Milanković</a>  (<a href="/wiki/Killed_in_action" title="Killed in action"><abbr title="Died of wounds">DOW</abbr></a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mile_Mrk%C5%A1i%C4%87" title="Mile Mrkšić">Mile Mrkšić</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Naser_Ori%C4%87" title="Naser Orić">Naser Orić</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arif_Pa%C5%A1ali%C4%87" title="Arif Pašalić">Arif Pašalić</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slobodan_Praljak" title="Slobodan Praljak">Slobodan Praljak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ivica_Raji%C4%87" title="Ivica Rajić">Ivica Rajić</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arkan" title="Arkan">Željko Ražnatović</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ljubi%C5%A1a_Savi%C4%87" title="Ljubiša Savić">Ljubiša Savić</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stjepan_%C5%A0iber" title="Stjepan Šiber">Stjepan Šiber</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Veselin_%C5%A0ljivan%C4%8Danin" title="Veselin Šljivančanin">Veselin Šljivančanin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vuka%C5%A1in_%C5%A0o%C5%A1ko%C4%87anin" title="Vukašin Šoškoćanin">Vukašin Šoškoćanin</a>  <a href="/wiki/Drowning" title="Drowning">†</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Milan_Tepi%C4%87" title="Milan Tepić">Milan Tepić</a>  <a href="/wiki/Killed_in_action" title="Killed in action">†</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Milorad_Ulemek" title="Milorad Ulemek">Milorad Ulemek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dragan_Vasiljkovi%C4%87" title="Dragan Vasiljković">Dragan Vasiljković</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blago_Zadro" title="Blago Zadro">Blago Zadro</a>  <a href="/wiki/Killed_in_action" title="Killed in action">†</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Key foreign figures</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Badinter" title="Robert Badinter">Robert Badinter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_Carington,_6th_Baron_Carrington" title="Peter Carington, 6th Baron Carrington">Lord Carrington</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Earl_Carter_Jr." class="mw-redirect" title="James Earl Carter Jr.">Jimmy Carter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Willy_Claes" title="Willy Claes">Willy Claes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pieter_Feith" title="Pieter Feith">Pieter Feith</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Holbrooke" title="Richard Holbrooke">Richard Holbrooke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Owen" title="David Owen">Lord Owen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cyrus_Vance" title="Cyrus Vance">Cyrus Vance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jacques_Paul_Klein" title="Jacques Paul Klein">Jacques Paul Klein</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_Galbraith" title="Peter Galbraith">Peter Galbraith</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Javier_Solana" title="Javier Solana">Javier Solana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manfred_W%C3%B6rner" title="Manfred Wörner">Manfred Wörner</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Croatian_War_of_Independence" title="Template:Croatian War of Independence"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Croatian_War_of_Independence" title="Template talk:Croatian War of Independence"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Croatian_War_of_Independence" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Croatian War of Independence"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Croatian_War_of_Independence" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Croatian War of Independence</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div>Part of the <a href="/wiki/Yugoslav_Wars" title="Yugoslav Wars">Yugoslav Wars</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Prelude</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Log_Revolution" title="Log Revolution">Log Revolution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SAO_Krajina" title="SAO Krajina">SAO Krajina</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1991</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pakrac_clash" title="Pakrac clash">Pakrac clash</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plitvice_Lakes_incident" title="Plitvice Lakes incident">Plitvice Lakes incident</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Kijevo" title="Siege of Kijevo">Siege of Kijevo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Borovo_Selo" title="Battle of Borovo Selo">Battle of Borovo Selo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1991_riot_in_Zadar" title="1991 riot in Zadar">1991 riot in Zadar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1991_protest_in_Split" title="1991 protest in Split">1991 protest in Split</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SAO_Eastern_Slavonia,_Baranja_and_Western_Syrmia" title="SAO Eastern Slavonia, Baranja and Western Syrmia">SAO Eastern Slavonia, Baranja and Western Syrmia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1991_killings_of_Serbs_in_Vukovar" title="1991 killings of Serbs in Vukovar">Killings of Serbs in Vukovar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sisak_killings" title="Sisak killings">Sisak killings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tenja_killings" title="Tenja killings">Tenja killings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Stinger" title="Operation Stinger">Operation Stinger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dalj_massacre" title="Dalj massacre">Dalj massacre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Labrador" title="Operation Labrador">Operation Labrador</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SAO_Western_Slavonia" title="SAO Western Slavonia">SAO Western Slavonia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Banija_villages_killings" title="Banija villages killings">Banija villages killings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Vukovar" title="Battle of Vukovar">Battle of Vukovar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Osijek" title="Battle of Osijek">Battle of Osijek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Gospi%C4%87" title="Battle of Gospić">Battle of Gospić</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Petrinja_killings" title="Petrinja killings">Petrinja killings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Berak_killings" title="Berak killings">Berak killings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Kusonje" title="Battle of Kusonje">Battle of Kusonje</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C4%8Cetekovac_massacre" title="Četekovac massacre">Četekovac massacre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_the_Barracks" title="Battle of the Barracks">Battle of the Barracks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Vara%C5%BEdin_Barracks" title="Siege of Varaždin Barracks">Siege of Varaždin Barracks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Bjelovar_Barracks" title="Siege of Bjelovar Barracks">Siege of Bjelovar Barracks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Zadar" title="Battle of Zadar">Battle of Zadar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_%C5%A0ibenik" title="Battle of Šibenik">Battle of Šibenik</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1991_Yugoslav_campaign_in_Croatia" title="1991 Yugoslav campaign in Croatia">1991 Yugoslav campaign in Croatia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Korana_bridge_killings" title="Korana bridge killings">Korana bridge killings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tovarnik_massacre" title="Tovarnik massacre">Tovarnik massacre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Dubrovnik" title="Siege of Dubrovnik">Siege of Dubrovnik</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Novo_Selo_Glinsko_massacre" title="Novo Selo Glinsko massacre">Novo Selo Glinsko massacre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bombing_of_Banski_dvori" class="mw-redirect" title="Bombing of Banski dvori">Bombing of Banski dvori</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C5%A0iroka_Kula_massacre" title="Široka Kula massacre">Široka Kula massacre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lovas_killings" title="Lovas killings">Lovas killings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gospi%C4%87_massacre" title="Gospić massacre">Gospić massacre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ba%C4%87in_massacre" title="Baćin massacre">Baćin massacre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saborsko_massacre" title="Saborsko massacre">Saborsko massacre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Po%C5%BEega_villages_massacre" title="Požega villages massacre">Požega villages massacre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Otkos_10" class="mw-redirect" title="Operation Otkos 10">Operation Otkos 10</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Logori%C5%A1te" title="Battle of Logorište">Battle of Logorište</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Poljanak_and_Vukovi%C4%87i_massacres" title="Poljanak and Vukovići massacres">Poljanak and Vukovići massacres</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erdut_killings" title="Erdut killings">Erdut killings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pula_airport_incident" class="mw-redirect" title="Pula airport incident">Pula incident</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_the_Dalmatian_channels" class="mw-redirect" title="Battle of the Dalmatian channels">Battle of the Dalmatian channels</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kostri%C4%87i_massacre" title="Kostrići massacre">Kostrići massacre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C5%A0kabrnja_massacre" title="Škabrnja massacre">Škabrnja massacre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vukovar_massacre" title="Vukovar massacre">Vukovar massacre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1991_killings_of_Serbs_in_Novska" title="1991 killings of Serbs in Novska">Novska murders</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vance_plan" title="Vance plan">Vance plan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Murder_of_the_Zec_family" title="Murder of the Zec family">Murder of the Zec family</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Whirlwind" title="Operation Whirlwind">Operation Whirlwind</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paulin_Dvor_massacre" title="Paulin Dvor massacre">Paulin Dvor massacre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gornje_Jame_massacre" title="Gornje Jame massacre">Gornje Jame massacre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Orkan_91" class="mw-redirect" title="Operation Orkan 91">Operation Orkan 91</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vo%C4%87in_massacre" title="Voćin massacre">Voćin massacre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jo%C5%A1evica_massacre" title="Joševica massacre">Joševica massacre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Devil%27s_Beam" class="mw-redirect" title="Operation Devil's Beam">Operation Devil's Beam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bru%C5%A1ka_massacre" title="Bruška massacre">Bruška massacre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vrsar_airport_bombing" title="Vrsar airport bombing">Vrsar airport bombing</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1992</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sarajevo_Agreement" class="mw-redirect" title="Sarajevo Agreement">Sarajevo Agreement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1992_European_Community_Monitor_Mission_helicopter_downing" title="1992 European Community Monitor Mission helicopter downing">1992 European Community Monitor Mission helicopter downing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Baranja" title="Operation Baranja">Operation Baranja</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Jackal" title="Operation Jackal">Operation Jackal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_the_Miljevci_Plateau" title="Battle of the Miljevci Plateau">Battle of the Miljevci Plateau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Tiger_(1992)" title="Operation Tiger (1992)">Operation Tiger (1992)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Liberated_Land" class="mw-redirect" title="Operation Liberated Land">Operation Liberated Land</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Konavle" class="mw-redirect" title="Battle of Konavle">Battle of Konavle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Vla%C5%A1tica" class="mw-redirect" title="Operation Vlaštica">Operation Vlaštica</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1993–94</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Maslenica" title="Operation Maslenica">Operation Maslenica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daruvar_Agreement" title="Daruvar Agreement">Daruvar Agreement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Backstop" title="Operation Backstop">Operation Backstop</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Medak_Pocket" title="Operation Medak Pocket">Operation Medak Pocket</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Z-4_Plan" title="Z-4 Plan">Z-4 Plan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Winter_%2794" title="Operation Winter '94">Operation Winter '94</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1995</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Leap_1" class="mw-redirect" title="Operation Leap 1">Operation Leap 1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Flash" title="Operation Flash">Operation Flash</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Medari_massacre" title="Medari massacre">Medari massacre</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zagreb_rocket_attack" class="mw-redirect" title="Zagreb rocket attack">Zagreb rocket attack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Leap_2" class="mw-redirect" title="Operation Leap 2">Operation Leap 2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Summer_%2795" title="Operation Summer '95">Operation Summer '95</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Storm" title="Operation Storm">Operation Storm</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kijani_killings" title="Kijani killings">Kijani killings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Golubi%C4%87_killings" title="Golubić killings">Golubić killings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uzdolje_killings" title="Uzdolje killings">Uzdolje killings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/August_1995_Bosanski_Petrovac_refugee_column_bombing" title="August 1995 Bosanski Petrovac refugee column bombing">Bosanski Petrovac refugee column bombing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dvor_massacre" title="Dvor massacre">Dvor massacre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Komi%C4%87_killings" title="Komić killings">Komić killings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Go%C5%A1i%C4%87_killings" title="Gošić killings">Gošić killings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Varivode_massacre" title="Varivode massacre">Varivode massacre</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Mistral_2" title="Operation Mistral 2">Operation Maestral 2</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_Croatian_War_of_Independence" title="Timeline of the Croatian War of Independence">Timeline of the Croatian War of Independence</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Internment camps</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Begejci_camp" title="Begejci camp">Begejci camp</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bu%C4%8Dje_camp" title="Bučje camp">Bučje camp</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kerestinec_camp" class="mw-redirect" title="Kerestinec camp">Kerestinec camp</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Knin_camp" title="Knin camp">Knin camp</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kuline_prison" title="Kuline prison">Kuline prison camp</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lora_prison_camp" title="Lora prison camp">Lora prison camp</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marino_Selo_camp" title="Marino Selo camp">Marino Selo camp</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ov%C4%8Dara_camp" title="Ovčara camp">Ovčara camp</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pakra%C4%8Dka_Poljana_camp" title="Pakračka Poljana camp">Pakračka Poljana camp</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sremska_Mitrovica_prison_camp" class="mw-redirect" title="Sremska Mitrovica prison camp">Sremska Mitrovica prison camp</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Staji%C4%87evo_camp" title="Stajićevo camp">Stajićevo camp</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Velepromet_camp" title="Velepromet camp">Velepromet camp</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Independence_of_Croatia" title="Independence of Croatia">Independence of Croatia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Persecution_of_Croats_in_Serbia_during_the_war_in_Croatia" class="mw-redirect" title="Persecution of Croats in Serbia during the war in Croatia">Persecution of Croats in Serbia during the war in Croatia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erdut_Agreement" title="Erdut Agreement">Erdut Agreement</a> (<a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Transitional_Administration_for_Eastern_Slavonia,_Baranja_and_Western_Sirmium" title="United Nations Transitional Administration for Eastern Slavonia, Baranja and Western Sirmium">UNTAES</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /> <a href="/wiki/Category:Croatian_War_of_Independence" title="Category:Croatian War of Independence">Category</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/12px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/18px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/24px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /> <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Croatian_War_of_Independence" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Croatian War of Independence">Commons</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Bosnian_War" title="Template:Bosnian War"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Bosnian_War" title="Template talk:Bosnian War"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Bosnian_War" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Bosnian War"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Bosnian_War" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Bosnian_War" title="Bosnian War">Bosnian War</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div>Part of the <a href="/wiki/Yugoslav_Wars" title="Yugoslav Wars">Yugoslav Wars</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Belligerents</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/Flag_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina_%281992%E2%80%931998%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina_%281992%E2%80%931998%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/Flag_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina_%281992%E2%80%931998%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina_%281992%E2%80%931998%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/Flag_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina_%281992%E2%80%931998%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina_%281992%E2%80%931998%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="500" /> Bosniak side</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Army_of_the_Republic_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina" title="Army of the Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina">Army of the Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1st_Corps_(Army_of_the_Republic_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina)" title="1st Corps (Army of the Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina)">1st Corps</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2nd_Corps_(Army_of_the_Republic_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina)" title="2nd Corps (Army of the Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina)">2nd Corps</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/3rd_Corps_(Army_of_the_Republic_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina)" title="3rd Corps (Army of the Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina)">3rd Corps</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/4th_Corps_(Army_of_the_Republic_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina)" title="4th Corps (Army of the Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina)">4th Corps</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/5th_Corps_(Army_of_the_Republic_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina)" title="5th Corps (Army of the Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina)">5th Corps</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/6th_Corps_(Army_of_the_Republic_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina)" title="6th Corps (Army of the Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina)">6th Corps</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/7th_Corps_(Army_of_the_Republic_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina)" title="7th Corps (Army of the Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina)">7th Corps</a></li></ul></li> <li>Paramilitary <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Patriotic_League_(Bosnia_and_Herzegovina)" title="Patriotic League (Bosnia and Herzegovina)">Patriotic League</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Green_Berets_(Bosnian_paramilitary)" title="Green Berets (Bosnian paramilitary)">Green Berets</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Croatian_Defence_Forces" title="Croatian Defence Forces">Croatian Defence Forces</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bosnian_mujahideen" title="Bosnian mujahideen">Bosnian mujahideen</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/Flag_of_the_Croatian_Republic_of_Herzeg-Bosnia.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Croatian_Republic_of_Herzeg-Bosnia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/Flag_of_the_Croatian_Republic_of_Herzeg-Bosnia.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Croatian_Republic_of_Herzeg-Bosnia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/Flag_of_the_Croatian_Republic_of_Herzeg-Bosnia.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_Croatian_Republic_of_Herzeg-Bosnia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="500" /> Croat side</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Croatian_Defence_Council" title="Croatian Defence Council">Croatian Defence Council</a> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1OZ_(HVO)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1OZ (HVO) (page does not exist)">1OZ</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=2OZ_(HVO)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2OZ (HVO) (page does not exist)">2OZ</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=3OZ_(HVO)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="3OZ (HVO) (page does not exist)">3OZ</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=4OZ_(HVO)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="4OZ (HVO) (page does not exist)">4OZ</a></li></ul></li> <li>Paramilitary <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Croatian_Defence_Forces" title="Croatian Defence Forces">Croatian Defence Forces</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Knights_(Croatian_Defence_Forces)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Knights (Croatian Defence Forces) (page does not exist)">Knights</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Flag_of_the_Republika_Srpska.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Republika_Srpska.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Flag_of_the_Republika_Srpska.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Republika_Srpska.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Flag_of_the_Republika_Srpska.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_Republika_Srpska.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> Serb side</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Army_of_Republika_Srpska" title="Army of Republika Srpska">Army of Republika Srpska</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1st_Krajina_Corps" title="1st Krajina Corps">1st Krajina Corps</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=2nd_Krajina_Corps&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2nd Krajina Corps (page does not exist)">2nd Krajina Corps</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=3rd_Corps_(VRS)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="3rd Corps (VRS) (page does not exist)">3rd Corps</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=East_Bosnia_Corps_(VRS)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="East Bosnia Corps (VRS) (page does not exist)">East Bosnia Corps</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Herzegovina_Corps_(VRS)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Herzegovina Corps (VRS) (page does not exist)">Herzegovina Corps</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sarajevo-Romanija_Corps&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sarajevo-Romanija Corps (page does not exist)">Sarajevo-Romanija Corps</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Drina_Corps&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Drina Corps (page does not exist)">Drina Corps</a></li></ul></li> <li>Paramilitary <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wolves_of_Vu%C4%8Djak" title="Wolves of Vučjak">Wolves of Vučjak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/White_Eagles_(paramilitary)" title="White Eagles (paramilitary)">White Eagles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Serb_Volunteer_Guard" title="Serb Volunteer Guard">Serb Volunteer Guard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scorpions_(paramilitary)" title="Scorpions (paramilitary)">Scorpions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yellow_Wasps" title="Yellow Wasps">Yellow Wasps</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Flag_of_the_Autonomous_Province_of_Western_Bosnia.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Autonomous_Province_of_Western_Bosnia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Flag_of_the_Autonomous_Province_of_Western_Bosnia.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Autonomous_Province_of_Western_Bosnia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Flag_of_the_Autonomous_Province_of_Western_Bosnia.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_Autonomous_Province_of_Western_Bosnia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="500" /> Western Bosnian side</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/National_Defence_of_the_Autonomous_Province_of_Western_Bosnia" title="National Defence of the Autonomous Province of Western Bosnia">National Defence of the Autonomous Province of Western Bosnia</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Prelude</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Milo%C5%A1evi%C4%87%E2%80%93Tu%C4%91man_Kara%C4%91or%C4%91evo_meeting" title="Milošević–Tuđman Karađorđevo meeting">Milošević–Tuđman Karađorđevo meeting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zulfikarpa%C5%A1i%C4%87%E2%80%93Karad%C5%BEi%C4%87_agreement" title="Zulfikarpašić–Karadžić agreement">Zulfikarpašić–Karadžić agreement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RAM_Plan" title="RAM Plan">RAM Plan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Serb_Autonomous_Regions" title="Serb Autonomous Regions">Serb Autonomous Regions</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/SAO_Bosanska_Krajina" title="SAO Bosanska Krajina">Bosanska Krajina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SAO_Herzegovina" title="SAO Herzegovina">Herzegovina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SAO_North-East_Bosnia" title="SAO North-East Bosnia">North-East Bosnia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SAO_Romanija" title="SAO Romanija">Romanija</a></li></ul></li> <li>Establishment of the <a href="/wiki/Croatian_Republic_of_Herzeg-Bosnia" title="Croatian Republic of Herzeg-Bosnia">Croatian Community of Herzeg Bosnia</a></li> <li>Establishment of <a href="/wiki/Republika_Srpska_(1992%E2%80%931995)" title="Republika Srpska (1992–1995)">Republika Srpska</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1992_Bosnian_independence_referendum" title="1992 Bosnian independence referendum">Bosnia and Herzegovina independence referendum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sarajevo_wedding_attack" title="Sarajevo wedding attack">Sarajevo wedding attack</a></li> <li>Declaration of the <a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina" title="Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina">Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Corridor_92" title="Operation Corridor 92">Battle of Bosanski Brod</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sijekovac_killings" title="Sijekovac killings">Sijekovac killings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bijeljina_massacre" title="Bijeljina massacre">Bijeljina massacre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1992_anti-war_protests_in_Sarajevo" title="1992 anti-war protests in Sarajevo">1992 anti-war protests in Sarajevo</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1992</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Kupres_(1992)" title="Battle of Kupres (1992)">Battle of Kupres</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Sarajevo" title="Siege of Sarajevo">Siege of Sarajevo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kazani_pit_killings" title="Kazani pit killings">Kazani pit killings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fo%C4%8Da_ethnic_cleansing" title="Foča ethnic cleansing">Foča ethnic cleansing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bosanski_%C5%A0amac_ethnic_cleansing" title="Bosanski Šamac ethnic cleansing">Bosanski Šamac ethnic cleansing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Srebrenica" title="Siege of Srebrenica">Siege of Srebrenica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zvornik_massacre" title="Zvornik massacre">Zvornik massacre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Doboj_ethnic_cleansing_(1992)" title="Doboj ethnic cleansing (1992)">Doboj</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Snagovo_massacre" title="Snagovo massacre">Snagovo massacre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prijedor_ethnic_cleansing" title="Prijedor ethnic cleansing">Prijedor ethnic cleansing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1992_Yugoslav_People%27s_Army_column_incident_in_Sarajevo" title="1992 Yugoslav People's Army column incident in Sarajevo">Sarajevo column incident</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Gora%C5%BEde" title="Siege of Goražde">Siege of Goražde</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Graz_agreement" title="Graz agreement">Graz agreement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glogova_massacre" title="Glogova massacre">Glogova massacre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/La%C5%A1va_Valley_ethnic_cleansing" title="Lašva Valley ethnic cleansing">Lašva Valley ethnic cleansing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1992_Yugoslav_People%27s_Army_column_incident_in_Tuzla" title="1992 Yugoslav People's Army column incident in Tuzla">Tuzla column incident</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zaklopa%C4%8Da_massacre" title="Zaklopača massacre">Zaklopača massacre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Doboj" class="mw-redirect" title="Siege of Doboj">Siege of Doboj</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bradina_massacre" title="Bradina massacre">Bradina massacre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sarajevo_bread_line_massacre" title="Sarajevo bread line massacre">Sarajevo bread line massacre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bijeli_Potok_massacre" title="Bijeli Potok massacre">Bijeli Potok massacre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pionirska_Street_fire" title="Pionirska Street fire">Pionirska Street fire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Jackal" title="Operation Jackal">Operation Jackal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vi%C5%A1egrad_massacres" title="Višegrad massacres">Višegrad massacres</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bosanska_Jagodina_massacre" title="Bosanska Jagodina massacre">Bosanska Jagodina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paklenik_massacre" title="Paklenik massacre">Paklenik</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barimo_massacre" title="Barimo massacre">Barimo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sjeverin_massacre" title="Sjeverin massacre">Sjeverin</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C4%8Cemerno_massacre" title="Čemerno massacre">Čemerno massacre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Biha%C4%87_(1992%E2%80%9395)" class="mw-redirect" title="Siege of Bihać (1992–95)">Siege of Bihać</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ahatovi%C4%87i_massacre" title="Ahatovići massacre">Ahatovići massacre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Croat%E2%80%93Bosniak_War" title="Croat–Bosniak War">Croat–Bosniak War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Vrbas_%2792" title="Operation Vrbas '92">Operation Vrbas '92</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Corridor_92" title="Operation Corridor 92">Operation Corridor 92</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bikavac_fire" title="Bikavac fire">Bikavac fire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/July_1992_killings_of_Serbs_in_Bratunac_and_Srebrenica" title="July 1992 killings of Serbs in Bratunac and Srebrenica">Killings in Bratunac and Srebrenica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Agreement_on_Friendship_and_Cooperation_between_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina_and_Croatia" title="Agreement on Friendship and Cooperation between Bosnia and Herzegovina and Croatia">Agreement on Friendship and Cooperation between Bosnia and Herzegovina and Croatia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kori%C4%87ani_Cliffs_massacre" title="Korićani Cliffs massacre">Korićani Cliffs massacre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mi%C4%8Divode_massacre" title="Mičivode massacre">Mičivode massacre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Novoseoci_massacre" title="Novoseoci massacre">Novoseoci massacre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gornja_Jo%C5%A1anica_massacre" title="Gornja Jošanica massacre">Gornja Jošanica massacre</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1993</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kravica_attack_(1993)" title="Kravica attack (1993)">Kravica attack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Du%C5%A1a_killings" title="Duša killings">Duša killings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Skelani_massacre" class="mw-redirect" title="Skelani massacre">Skelani massacre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C5%A0trpci_massacre" title="Štrpci massacre">Štrpci</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Mostar" title="Siege of Mostar">Siege of Mostar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/12_April_1993_Srebrenica_shelling" title="12 April 1993 Srebrenica shelling">Srebrenica shelling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ahmi%C4%87i_massacre" title="Ahmići massacre">Ahmići massacre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trusina_massacre" title="Trusina massacre">Trusina massacre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sovi%C4%87i_and_Doljani_killings" title="Sovići and Doljani killings">Sovići and Doljani killings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zenica_massacre" title="Zenica massacre">Zenica massacre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vranica_case" title="Vranica case">Vranica case</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dobrinja_mortar_attack" title="Dobrinja mortar attack">Dobrinja mortar attack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_%C5%BDep%C4%8De" title="Battle of Žepče">Battle of Žepče</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Travnik_(1993)" title="Battle of Travnik (1993)">Battle of Travnik (1993)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Bugojno" title="Battle of Bugojno">Battle of Bugojno</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Irma" title="Operation Irma">Operation Irma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Neretva_%2793" title="Operation Neretva '93">Operation Neretva '93</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grabovica_massacre" title="Grabovica massacre">Grabovica massacre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mokronoge_massacre" title="Mokronoge massacre">Mokronoge massacre</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Flag_of_the_Autonomous_Province_of_Western_Bosnia.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Autonomous_Province_of_Western_Bosnia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Flag_of_the_Autonomous_Province_of_Western_Bosnia.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Autonomous_Province_of_Western_Bosnia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Flag_of_the_Autonomous_Province_of_Western_Bosnia.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_Autonomous_Province_of_Western_Bosnia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="500" /> <a href="/wiki/Autonomous_Province_of_Western_Bosnia" title="Autonomous Province of Western Bosnia">Autonomous Province of Western Bosnia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Inter-Bosniak_conflict_in_Bosanska_Krajina" class="mw-redirect" title="Inter-Bosniak conflict in Bosanska Krajina">Inter-Bosniak conflict in Bosanska Krajina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stupni_Do_massacre" title="Stupni Do massacre">Stupni Do massacre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Deny_Flight" title="Operation Deny Flight">Operation Deny Flight</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kri%C5%BEan%C4%8Devo_Selo_killings" class="mw-redirect" title="Križančevo Selo killings">Križančevo Selo killings</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1994</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Tvigi_94" title="Operation Tvigi 94">Operation Tvigi 94</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Markale_massacres" title="Markale massacres">First Markale massacre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Banja_Luka_incident" title="Banja Luka incident">Banja Luka incident</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Washington_Agreement" title="Washington Agreement">Washington Agreement</a></li> <li>Establishment of the <a href="/wiki/Federation_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina" title="Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina">Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_B%C3%B8llebank" title="Operation Bøllebank">Operation Bøllebank</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1994_roadside_attack_on_Spin_magazine_journalists" title="1994 roadside attack on Spin magazine journalists">Attack on Spin magazine journalists</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Tiger_(1994)" title="Operation Tiger (1994)">Operation Tiger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_%22Breza_%2794%22" title="Operation "Breza '94"">Operation "Breza '94"</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Kupres_(1994)" title="Battle of Kupres (1994)">Battle of Kupres</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Amanda" title="Operation Amanda">Operation Amanda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scandinavian_Airlines_System_Flight_347" title="Scandinavian Airlines System Flight 347">Scandinavian Airlines System Flight 347</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Spider" title="Operation Spider">Operation Spider</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Winter_%2794" title="Operation Winter '94">Operation Winter '94</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1995</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Vla%C5%A1i%C4%87" title="Operation Vlašić">Operation Vlašić</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Leap_1" class="mw-redirect" title="Operation Leap 1">Operation Leap 1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Ora%C5%A1je" title="Battle of Orašje">Battle of Orašje</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Leap_2" class="mw-redirect" title="Operation Leap 2">Operation Leap 2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Split_Agreement" title="Split Agreement">Split Agreement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Summer_%2795" title="Operation Summer '95">Operation Summer '95</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1995_Pale_air_strikes" title="1995 Pale air strikes">Pale air strikes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/25_May_1995_Tuzla_shelling" class="mw-redirect" title="25 May 1995 Tuzla shelling">Tuzla shelling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Vrbanja_Bridge" title="Battle of Vrbanja Bridge">Battle of Vrbanja Bridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Srebrenica_massacre" title="Srebrenica massacre">Srebrenica massacre</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kravica_massacre_(1995)" title="Kravica massacre (1995)">Kravica</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Vozu%C4%87a" title="Battle of Vozuća">Battle of Vozuća</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Miracle_(1995)" title="Operation Miracle (1995)">Operation Miracle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Storm" title="Operation Storm">Operation Storm</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Markale_massacres" title="Markale massacres">Second Markale massacre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Deliberate_Force" title="Operation Deliberate Force">NATO bombing campaign</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Mistral_2" title="Operation Mistral 2">Operation Mistral 2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Sana" title="Operation Sana">Operation Sana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Una" title="Operation Una">Operation Una</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Southern_Move" title="Operation Southern Move">Operation Southern Move</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Exodus_of_Sarajevo_Serbs" title="Exodus of Sarajevo Serbs">Exodus of Sarajevo Serbs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dayton_Agreement" title="Dayton Agreement">Dayton Agreement</a></li> <li>Establishment of <a href="/wiki/Bosnia_and_Herzegovina" title="Bosnia and Herzegovina">Bosnia and Herzegovina</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Internment camps</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Silos_camp" title="Silos camp">Silos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manja%C4%8Da_camp" title="Manjača camp">Manjača</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liplje_camp" title="Liplje camp">Liplje</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luka_camp" title="Luka camp">Luka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vilina_Vlas" title="Vilina Vlas">Vilina Vlas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Omarska_camp" title="Omarska camp">Omarska</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Keraterm_camp" title="Keraterm camp">Keraterm</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trnopolje_camp" title="Trnopolje camp">Trnopolje</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Su%C5%A1ica_camp" title="Sušica camp">Sušica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C4%8Celebi%C4%87i_camp" title="Čelebići camp">Čelebići</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Musala_camp" title="Musala camp">Musala</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Batkovi%C4%87_camp" title="Batković camp">Batković</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dretelj_camp" title="Dretelj camp">Dretelj</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uzamnica_camp" title="Uzamnica camp">Uzamnica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heliodrom_camp" title="Heliodrom camp">Heliodrom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gabela_camp" title="Gabela camp">Gabela</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vojno_camp" title="Vojno camp">Vojno</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kamenica_camp" title="Kamenica camp">Kamenica camp</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Aspects</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ethnic_cleansing_in_the_Bosnian_War" title="Ethnic cleansing in the Bosnian War">Ethnic cleansing</a> and <a href="/wiki/List_of_massacres_in_the_Bosnian_War" title="List of massacres in the Bosnian War">massacres</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bosnian_genocide" title="Bosnian genocide">Bosnian genocide</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bosnian_genocide_denial" title="Bosnian genocide denial">Bosnian genocide denial</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Internment_camps_in_the_Bosnian_War" class="mw-redirect" title="Internment camps in the Bosnian War">Internment camps</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rape_during_the_Bosnian_War" title="Rape during the Bosnian War">Rape</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peace_plans_proposed_before_and_during_the_Bosnian_War" title="Peace plans proposed before and during the Bosnian War">Peace plans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NATO_intervention_in_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina" title="NATO intervention in Bosnia and Herzegovina">NATO intervention</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foreign_support_in_the_Bosnian_War" title="Foreign support in the Bosnian War">Foreign support</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foreign_fighters_in_the_Bosnian_War" title="Foreign fighters in the Bosnian War">Foreign fighters</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_Bosnian_War" class="mw-redirect" title="Timeline of the Bosnian War">Timeline of the Bosnian War</a> (<a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_Croat%E2%80%93Bosniak_War" title="Timeline of the Croat–Bosniak War">Timeline of the Croat–Bosniak War</a>) <ul><li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /> <a href="/wiki/Category:Bosnian_War" title="Category:Bosnian War">Category</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/12px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/18px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/24px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /> <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Bosnian_War" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Bosnian War">Commons</a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Breakup_of_Yugoslavia" title="Template:Breakup of Yugoslavia"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Breakup_of_Yugoslavia" title="Template talk:Breakup of Yugoslavia"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Breakup_of_Yugoslavia" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Breakup of Yugoslavia"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Breakup_of_Yugoslavia" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Breakup_of_Yugoslavia" title="Breakup of Yugoslavia">Breakup of Yugoslavia</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Overview</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <li><a href="/wiki/Breakup_of_Yugoslavia" title="Breakup of Yugoslavia">Breakup of Yugoslavia</a> (1991–1992)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_breakup_of_Yugoslavia" title="Timeline of the breakup of Yugoslavia">Timeline of the breakup of Yugoslavia</a> (1980–2008)</li> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Background</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Josip_Broz_Tito" title="Josip Broz Tito">Josip Broz Tito</a> (until 1980)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brotherhood_and_unity" title="Brotherhood and unity">Brotherhood and unity</a> (until 1990)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/League_of_Communists_of_Yugoslavia" title="League of Communists of Yugoslavia">League of Communists of Yugoslavia</a> (until 1990)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Croatian_Spring" title="Croatian Spring">Croatian Spring</a> (1967–1971)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1981_protests_in_Kosovo" title="1981 protests in Kosovo">1981 protests in Kosovo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islamic_Declaration" title="Islamic Declaration">Islamic Declaration</a> (1983)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/SANU_Memorandum" title="SANU Memorandum">SANU Memorandum</a> (1986)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Contributions_to_the_Slovene_National_Program" title="Contributions to the Slovene National Program">Contributions to the Slovene National Program</a> (1987)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slovene_Spring" class="mw-redirect" title="Slovene Spring">Slovene Spring</a> (1987–1988)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Agrokomerc_Affair" class="mw-redirect" title="Agrokomerc Affair">Agrokomerc Affair</a> (1987)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/8th_session_of_the_Central_Committee_of_the_League_of_Communists_of_Serbia" title="8th session of the Central Committee of the League of Communists of Serbia">8th session of the Central Committee of the League of Communists of Serbia</a> (1987)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/JBTZ_trial" title="JBTZ trial">JBTZ trial</a> (1988)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hyperinflation_in_the_Socialist_Federal_Republic_of_Yugoslavia" class="mw-redirect" title="Hyperinflation in the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia">Hyperinflation in the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia</a> (1980s)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Events and actors</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anti-bureaucratic_revolution" title="Anti-bureaucratic revolution">Anti-bureaucratic revolution</a> (1988–1989)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gazimestan_speech" title="Gazimestan speech">Gazimestan speech</a> (1989)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/14th_Congress_of_the_League_of_Communists_of_Yugoslavia" title="14th Congress of the League of Communists of Yugoslavia">14th Congress of the League of Communists of Yugoslavia</a> (1990)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Independence_of_Croatia" title="Independence of Croatia">Independence of Croatia</a> (1989–1992)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Log_Revolution" title="Log Revolution">Log Revolution</a> (1990–1991)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Milo%C5%A1evi%C4%87%E2%80%93Tu%C4%91man_Kara%C4%91or%C4%91evo_meeting" title="Milošević–Tuđman Karađorđevo meeting">Milošević–Tuđman Karađorđevo meeting</a> (1991)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/RAM_Plan" title="RAM Plan">RAM Plan</a> (1991)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brioni_Agreement" title="Brioni Agreement">Brioni Agreement</a> (1991)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Role_of_the_media_in_the_breakup_of_Yugoslavia" class="mw-redirect" title="Role of the media in the breakup of Yugoslavia">Role of the media in the breakup of Yugoslavia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arbitration_Commission_of_the_Peace_Conference_on_Yugoslavia" title="Arbitration Commission of the Peace Conference on Yugoslavia">Arbitration Commission of the Peace Conference on Yugoslavia</a> (1991–1993)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible expanded navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Yugoslavian_independence_referendums" title="Template:Yugoslavian independence referendums"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Yugoslavian_independence_referendums" title="Template talk:Yugoslavian independence referendums"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Yugoslavian_independence_referendums" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Yugoslavian independence referendums"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="23x15px&#124;border_&#124;alt=Socialist_Federal_Republic_of_Yugoslavia&#124;link=Socialist_Federal_Republic_of_Yugoslavia_Independence_referendums_in_Yugoslavia" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Socialist_Federal_Republic_of_Yugoslavia" title="Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia"><img alt="Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Flag_of_Yugoslavia_%281946-1992%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Yugoslavia_%281946-1992%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Flag_of_Yugoslavia_%281946-1992%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Yugoslavia_%281946-1992%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Flag_of_Yugoslavia_%281946-1992%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_Yugoslavia_%281946-1992%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="500" /></a> Independence referendums in Yugoslavia</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Republics and provinces</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1990_Slovenian_independence_referendum" title="1990 Slovenian independence referendum">Slovenia</a> (1990)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1991_Croatian_independence_referendum" title="1991 Croatian independence referendum">Croatia</a> (1991)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1991_Macedonian_independence_referendum" title="1991 Macedonian independence referendum">Macedonia</a> (1991)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1991_Kosovan_independence_referendum" title="1991 Kosovan independence referendum">Kosovo</a> (1991)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1992_Bosnian_independence_referendum" title="1992 Bosnian independence referendum">Bosnia and Herzegovina</a> (1992)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1992_Montenegrin_sovereignty_referendum" title="1992 Montenegrin sovereignty referendum">Montenegro</a> (1992)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/2006_Montenegrin_independence_referendum" title="2006 Montenegrin independence referendum">Montenegro</a> (2006)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Autonomy</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1990_SAO_Krajina_autonomy_referendum&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1990 SAO Krajina autonomy referendum (page does not exist)">SAO Krajina</a> (1990)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1991_Sand%C5%BEak_autonomy_referendum" title="1991 Sandžak autonomy referendum">Sandžak</a> (1991)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1991_Bosnian_Serb_referendum" title="1991 Bosnian Serb referendum">Srpska</a> (1991)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1992_Macedonian_Albanian_autonomy_referendum" class="mw-redirect" title="1992 Macedonian Albanian autonomy referendum">Ilirida</a> (1992)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1997_Eastern_Slavonia_integrity_referendum" title="1997 Eastern Slavonia integrity referendum">Eastern Slavonia</a> (1997)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/2004_Macedonian_autonomy_referendum" title="2004 Macedonian autonomy referendum">Macedonia</a> (2004)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Consequences</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Yugoslav_Wars" title="Yugoslav Wars">Yugoslav Wars</a> (1991-2001)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ethnic_cleansing" title="Ethnic cleansing">Ethnic cleansing</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Croatian War of Independence</a> (1991–1995)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ten-Day_War" title="Ten-Day War">Ten-Day War</a> (1991)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bosnian_War" title="Bosnian War">Bosnian War</a> (1992–1995)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Federal_Republic_of_Yugoslavia" class="mw-redirect" title="Federal Republic of Yugoslavia">Federal Republic of Yugoslavia</a> (1992–)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Graz_agreement" title="Graz agreement">Graz agreement</a> (1992)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sanctions_against_the_Federal_Republic_of_Yugoslavia" class="mw-redirect" title="Sanctions against the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia">Sanctions against the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia</a> (1992–2001)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hyperinflation_in_the_Federal_Republic_of_Yugoslavia" title="Hyperinflation in the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia">Hyperinflation in the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia</a> (1992–1994)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dayton_Agreement" title="Dayton Agreement">Dayton Agreement</a> (1996)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joint_Criminal_Enterprise" class="mw-redirect" title="Joint Criminal Enterprise">Joint Criminal Enterprise</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Agreement_on_Sub-Regional_Arms_Control" title="Agreement on Sub-Regional Arms Control">Agreement on Sub-Regional Arms Control</a> (1996)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Criminal_Tribunal_for_the_former_Yugoslavia" title="International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia">International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia</a> (1993–2017)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Overthrow_of_Slobodan_Milo%C5%A1evi%C4%87" title="Overthrow of Slobodan Milošević">Overthrow of Slobodan Milošević</a> (2000)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Nationalism</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Greater_Albania" title="Greater Albania">Greater Albania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greater_Croatia" title="Greater Croatia">Greater Croatia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Macedonia" title="United Macedonia">United Macedonia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greater_Serbia" title="Greater Serbia">Greater Serbia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Slovenia" title="United Slovenia">United Slovenia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anti-Serbian_sentiment" class="mw-redirect" title="Anti-Serbian sentiment">Anti-Serbian sentiment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islamophobia" title="Islamophobia">Islamophobia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albanian_nationalism" title="Albanian nationalism">Albanian nationalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bosniak_nationalism" title="Bosniak nationalism">Bosniak nationalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Croatian_nationalism" title="Croatian nationalism">Croatian nationalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Macedonian_nationalism" title="Macedonian nationalism">Macedonian nationalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Montenegrin_nationalism" title="Montenegrin nationalism">Montenegrin nationalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Serbian_nationalism" title="Serbian nationalism">Serbian nationalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Serbian%E2%80%93Montenegrin_unionism" title="Serbian–Montenegrin unionism">Serbian–Montenegrin unionism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slovenian_nationalism" title="Slovenian nationalism">Slovenian nationalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yugoslavism" title="Yugoslavism">Yugoslavism</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow hlist" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /> <a href="/wiki/Category:Breakup_of_Yugoslavia" title="Category:Breakup of Yugoslavia">Category</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow hlist" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /> <a href="/wiki/Category:Yugoslav_Wars" title="Category:Yugoslav Wars">Category</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/12px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/18px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/24px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /> <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Yugoslav_wars" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Yugoslav wars">Commons</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Post–Cold_War_conflicts_in_Europe" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Post-Cold_War_European_conflicts" title="Template:Post-Cold War European conflicts"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Post-Cold_War_European_conflicts" title="Template talk:Post-Cold War European conflicts"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Post-Cold_War_European_conflicts" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Post-Cold War European conflicts"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Post–Cold_War_conflicts_in_Europe" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Post–<a href="/wiki/Cold_War" title="Cold War">Cold War</a> <a href="/wiki/List_of_conflicts_in_Europe" title="List of conflicts in Europe">conflicts in Europe</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Eastern_Europe" title="Eastern Europe">Eastern Europe</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Nagorno-Karabakh_conflict" title="Nagorno-Karabakh conflict">Nagorno-Karabakh conflict (1988–2024)</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/First_Nagorno-Karabakh_War" title="First Nagorno-Karabakh War">First War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2016_Nagorno-Karabakh_conflict" title="2016 Nagorno-Karabakh conflict">2016 conflict</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_Nagorno-Karabakh_War" title="Second Nagorno-Karabakh War">Second War</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gagauzia_conflict" title="Gagauzia conflict">Gagauzia conflict (1989–1995)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transnistria_conflict" title="Transnistria conflict">Transnistria conflict (1990–present)</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Transnistria_War" title="Transnistria War">Transnistria War (1990–1992)</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Georgian_Civil_War" title="Georgian Civil War">Georgian Civil War (1991–1993)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Ossetia_war_(1991%E2%80%931992)" title="South Ossetia war (1991–1992)">South Ossetia War (1991–92)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/War_in_Abkhazia_(1992%E2%80%931993)" title="War in Abkhazia (1992–1993)">War in Abkhazia (1992–1993)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/East_Prigorodny_conflict" title="East Prigorodny conflict">East Prigorodny conflict (1992)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1993_Russian_constitutional_crisis" title="1993 Russian constitutional crisis">Russian constitutional crisis (1993)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/First_Chechen_War" title="First Chechen War">First Chechen War (1994–1996)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/War_in_Abkhazia_(1998)" title="War in Abkhazia (1998)">War in Abkhazia (1998)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_Chechen_War" title="Second Chechen War">Second Chechen War (1999–2009)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2003_Tuzla_Island_conflict" title="2003 Tuzla Island conflict">Tuzla Island conflict (2003)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russo-Georgian_War" title="Russo-Georgian War">Russo-Georgian War (2008)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Euromaidan" title="Euromaidan">Maidan Uprising (2013)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Revolution_of_Dignity" title="Revolution of Dignity">Revolution of Dignity (2014)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russo-Ukrainian_War" title="Russo-Ukrainian War">Russo-Ukrainian War (2014–present)</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Annexation_of_Crimea_by_the_Russian_Federation" title="Annexation of Crimea by the Russian Federation">Russian annexation of Crimea (2014)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/War_in_Donbas" title="War in Donbas">War in Donbas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine" title="Russian invasion of Ukraine">Russian invasion of Ukraine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wagner_Group_rebellion" title="Wagner Group rebellion">Wagner Group rebellion (2023)</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Armenia%E2%80%93Azerbaijan_border_crisis" class="mw-redirect" title="Armenia–Azerbaijan border crisis">Armenia–Azerbaijan border crisis (2021–present)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Southern_Europe" title="Southern Europe">Southern Europe</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ten-Day_War" title="Ten-Day War">Slovenian War of Independence (1991)</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Croatian War of Independence (1991–1995)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bosnian_War" title="Bosnian War">Bosnian War (1992–1995)</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Croat%E2%80%93Bosniak_War" title="Croat–Bosniak War">Croat–Bosniak War (1992–1994)</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1997_Albanian_civil_unrest" title="1997 Albanian civil unrest">Albanian Civil War (1997)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kosovo_War" title="Kosovo War">Kosovo War (1998–1999)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Insurgency_in_the_Pre%C5%A1evo_Valley" title="Insurgency in the Preševo Valley">Insurgency in the Preševo Valley (1999–2001)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2001_insurgency_in_Macedonia" title="2001 insurgency in Macedonia">Insurgency in Macedonia (2001)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related topics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_conflicts_in_territory_of_the_former_Soviet_Union" title="List of conflicts in territory of the former Soviet Union">List of Post-Soviet conflicts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_ongoing_armed_conflicts" title="List of ongoing armed conflicts">List of ongoing armed conflicts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_proxy_wars" title="List of proxy wars">List of proxy wars</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frozen_conflict" title="Frozen conflict">List of frozen conflicts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/War_on_terror" title="War on terror">War on terror</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/War_on_drugs" title="War on drugs">War on drugs</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1038841319">.mw-parser-output .tooltip-dotted{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-label="Navbox" 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[\"CITEREFCarol_J._Williams1993\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFCelestine_Bohlen1991\"] = 2,\n [\"CITEREFCharles_T._Powers1991\"] = 2,\n [\"CITEREFChris_Hedges1995\"] = 2,\n [\"CITEREFChris_Hedges1998\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFChristopher_Bellamy1992\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFChristopher_Bennett\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFChristopher_S._Wren1995\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFChuck_Sudetic1990\"] = 2,\n [\"CITEREFChuck_Sudetic1991\"] = 23,\n [\"CITEREFChuck_Sudetic1992\"] = 3,\n [\"CITEREFChuck_Sudetic1993\"] = 2,\n [\"CITEREFChuck_Sudetic1994\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFCigar1996\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFCimentHill2012\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFDaniel_Böhmer2009\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFDaniel_Simpson2002\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFDarko_Zubrinic\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFDavid_Binder1991\"] = 2,\n [\"CITEREFDavid_Binder1992\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFDavid_Isenberg2010\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFDean_E._Murphy1995\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFDjokić2003\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFDoderBranson1999\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFDoyle_McManus1994\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFDušan_Stojanović2010\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFEduard_Šoštarić2008\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFEgon_Kraljević2007\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFEugene_Brcic1998\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFFinal_report_of_the_United_Nations_Commission_of_Experts_established_pursuant_to_security_council_resolution_780_(1992)1994\"] = 2,\n [\"CITEREFFink2010\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFFisher2006\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFFridman2010\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFGabriel_Partos2003\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFGeorg_Mader2006\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFGlaurdić2011\"] = 3,\n [\"CITEREFGlover2001\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFGuskova2001\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFHedl2012\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFHelen_Seeney2006\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFHenry_Kamm1985\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFHockenos2018\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFICJ3_February_2015\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFJane_Perlez1997\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFJelić_A1994\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFJohn_Darnton1992\"] = 2,\n [\"CITEREFJohn_F._Burns1992\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFJohn_Tagliabue1991\"] = 2,\n [\"CITEREFJosip_Čerina2008\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFJović1995\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFJović2009\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFKreš2010\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFLee_Windsor2001\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFMacdonald2002\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFMaja_Sajler_Garmaz1991\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFMarcin_Monko2005\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFMarcus_Tanner1992\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFMarina_Karlović-Sabolić2001\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFMario_Dragun2008\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFMarko_Attila_Hoare2008\"] = 2,\n [\"CITEREFMarlise_Simons1998\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFMarlise_Simons2003\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFMatt_Prodger2005\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFMeznaricZlatkovic_Winter1993\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFMeštrović1996\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFMichael_T._Kaufman1992\"] = 2,\n [\"CITEREFMilekic2016\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFMiloš_Vasić1999\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFMirko_Bilandžić2008\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFMirko_Kovač2005\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFNathaniel_C._Nash1992\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFNicholas_Walton2007\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFNicholas_Wood2006\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFPaul_L._Montgomery1992\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFPaul_Lewis1994\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFPerunovic2015\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFPeter_Maass1992\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFPešić1996\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFPhuong2005\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFPowers1997\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFRamet2010\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFRaymond_Bonner1995\"] = 2,\n [\"CITEREFRené_van_der_Linden1996\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFRoger_Cohen1994\"] = 3,\n [\"CITEREFRoger_Cohen1995\"] = 4,\n [\"CITEREFRoland_Rich1993\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFRoy_W._Gutman1998\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFS._Dukić2009\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFSaidemanAyres2008\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFSchaller1996\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFSilberLittle1997\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFSlavko_Halužan1999\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFSoldoPuntarićPetrovickiPrgomet1999\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFStanislav_Soldo2010\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFStephen_Engelberg1991\"] = 10,\n [\"CITEREFStephen_Kinzer1991\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFStephen_Kinzer1994\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFStephen_Kinzer1995\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFSteven_Greenhouse1994\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFTim_Judah2001\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFTom_Wilkie1995\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFTony_Barber1995\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFTrevor_Bormann2010\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFUdovickiRidgeway2000\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFValentina_Pop2009\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFVesna_Perić_Zimonjić2008\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFVesna_Roller2009\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFVladisavljevic2020\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFVladisavljevicLakicBegisholli2019\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFWilliam_D._Montalbano1995\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFWilliam_E._Schmidt1994\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFWilliam_Safire1993\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFYigan_Chazan1992\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFZebić,_Enis2018\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFČobanovRudolf2009\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFŠtrbac1999\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFŽeljko_Krušelj2005\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFв_Никифоров2011\"] = 1,\n [\"Commonwealth\"] = 1,\n [\"Dominelli\"] = 1,\n [\"Europe_Review\"] = 1,\n [\"Finlan\"] = 1,\n [\"Frucht\"] = 1,\n [\"Glaurdic\"] = 1,\n [\"Goldstein\"] = 1,\n [\"Hanson\"] = 1,\n [\"Kadijević\"] = 1,\n [\"Kovačević_and_Linta\"] = 1,\n [\"Mann\"] = 1,\n [\"Martić_Verdict\"] = 1,\n [\"Mesić\"] = 1,\n [\"Meštrović\"] = 1,\n [\"Milošević_Indictment\"] = 1,\n [\"Perišić_Verdict\"] = 1,\n [\"Ramet\"] = 1,\n [\"Sekulić\"] = 1,\n [\"Silber_and_Little\"] = 1,\n [\"Thomas\"] = 1,\n [\"Vrcelj\"] = 1,\n [\"Wertheim\"] = 1,\n [\"Western_European_Union\"] = 1,\n [\"Zanotti\"] = 1,\n}\ntemplate_list = table#1 {\n [\"-\"] = 1,\n [\"Age in years, months, weeks and days\"] = 1,\n [\"Air force\"] = 1,\n [\"Authority control\"] = 1,\n [\"Bettersourceneeded\"] = 1,\n [\"Blockquote\"] = 5,\n [\"Campaignbox Croatian War of Independence\"] = 1,\n [\"Campaignbox Yugoslav Wars\"] = 1,\n [\"Cbignore\"] = 1,\n [\"Citation\"] = 1,\n [\"Cite book\"] = 51,\n [\"Cite encyclopedia\"] = 1,\n [\"Cite journal\"] = 18,\n [\"Cite news\"] = 174,\n [\"Cite web\"] = 128,\n [\"Cn\"] = 2,\n [\"Commons category\"] = 1,\n [\"Convert\"] = 9,\n [\"Croatia topics\"] = 1,\n [\"DEFAULTSORT:Croatian War Of Independence\"] = 1,\n [\"Dead link\"] = 3,\n [\"Efn-ua\"] = 9,\n [\"Flagdeco\"] = 4,\n [\"Flagicon\"] = 25,\n [\"Flagicon image\"] = 27,\n [\"For timeline\"] = 1,\n [\"Further\"] = 6,\n [\"Good article\"] = 1,\n [\"Harvid\"] = 2,\n [\"Harvnb\"] = 7,\n [\"History of Croatia\"] = 1,\n [\"Ill\"] = 5,\n [\"In lang\"] = 1,\n [\"Infobox military conflict\"] = 1,\n [\"Lang-sr-Cyrl-Latn\"] = 2,\n [\"Langx\"] = 9,\n [\"Location map+\"] = 1,\n [\"Location map~\"] = 31,\n [\"Multiple image\"] = 3,\n [\"Notelist-ua\"] = 1,\n [\"Page needed\"] = 1,\n [\"Plainlist\"] = 10,\n [\"Post-Cold War European conflicts\"] = 1,\n [\"Pp-move-indef\"] = 1,\n [\"Quote box\"] = 4,\n [\"Refbegin\"] = 2,\n [\"Refend\"] = 2,\n [\"Reflist\"] = 1,\n [\"See also\"] = 8,\n [\"Sfn\"] = 24,\n [\"Short description\"] = 1,\n [\"UN document\"] = 2,\n [\"Use mdy dates\"] = 1,\n [\"Wars and battles involving Croatia\"] = 1,\n [\"Webarchive\"] = 2,\n [\"Why\"] = 1,\n [\"YouTube\"] = 1,\n [\"Yugoslav wars\"] = 1,\n [\"Yugoslavia topics\"] = 1,\n}\narticle_whitelist = table#1 {\n}\ntable#1 {\n [\"size\"] = \"tiny\",\n}\n","limitreport-profile":[["?","640","19.5"],["MediaWiki\\Extension\\Scribunto\\Engines\\LuaSandbox\\LuaSandboxCallback::callParserFunction","440","13.4"],["MediaWiki\\Extension\\Scribunto\\Engines\\LuaSandbox\\LuaSandboxCallback::gsub","260","7.9"],["dataWrapper \u003Cmw.lua:672\u003E","240","7.3"],["recursiveClone \u003CmwInit.lua:45\u003E","200","6.1"],["MediaWiki\\Extension\\Scribunto\\Engines\\LuaSandbox\\LuaSandboxCallback::find","160","4.9"],["MediaWiki\\Extension\\Scribunto\\Engines\\LuaSandbox\\LuaSandboxCallback::getExpandedArgument","140","4.3"],["MediaWiki\\Extension\\Scribunto\\Engines\\LuaSandbox\\LuaSandboxCallback::sub","140","4.3"],["MediaWiki\\Extension\\Scribunto\\Engines\\LuaSandbox\\LuaSandboxCallback::getAllExpandedArguments","140","4.3"],["MediaWiki\\Extension\\Scribunto\\Engines\\LuaSandbox\\LuaSandboxCallback::match","120","3.7"],["[others]","800","24.4"]]},"cachereport":{"origin":"mw-api-ext.codfw.main-7556f8b5dd-rm8h4","timestamp":"20241124162012","ttl":2592000,"transientcontent":false}}});});</script> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@type":"Article","name":"Croatian War of 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