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diagonal</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: tended diagonal"> <meta name="keywords" content="tended diagonal"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> <button class="d-block d-lg-none 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action="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search"> <div id="custom-search-input"> <div class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="tended diagonal"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 257</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: tended diagonal</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">257</span> Diagonal Vector Autoregressive Models and Their Properties</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Usoro%20Anthony%20E.">Usoro Anthony E.</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Udoh%20Emediong"> Udoh Emediong</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Diagonal Vector Autoregressive Models are special classes of the general vector autoregressive models identified under certain conditions, where parameters are restricted to the diagonal elements in the coefficient matrices. Variance, autocovariance, and autocorrelation properties of the upper and lower diagonal VAR models are derived. The new set of VAR models is verified with empirical data and is found to perform favourably with the general VAR models. The advantage of the diagonal models over the existing models is that the new models are parsimonious, given the reduction in the interactive coefficients of the general VAR models. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=VAR%20models" title="VAR models">VAR models</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=diagonal%20VAR%20models" title=" diagonal VAR models"> diagonal VAR models</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=variance" title=" variance"> variance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=autocovariance" title=" autocovariance"> autocovariance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=autocorrelations" title=" autocorrelations"> autocorrelations</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/157980/diagonal-vector-autoregressive-models-and-their-properties" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/157980.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">116</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">256</span> Behavior of the Masonry Infill in Structures Subjected to the Horizontal Loads</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mezigheche%20Nawel">Mezigheche Nawel</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gouasmia%20Abdelhacine"> Gouasmia Abdelhacine</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Athmani%20Allaeddine"> Athmani Allaeddine</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Merzoud%20Mouloud"> Merzoud Mouloud</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Masonry infill walls are inevitable in the self-supporting structures, but their contribution in the resistance of earthquake loads is generally neglected in the structural analyses. The principal aim of this work through a numerical study of the behavior of masonry infill walls in structures subjected to horizontal load is to propose by finite elements numerical modeling, a more reliable approach, faster and close to reality. In this study, 3D finite element analysis was developed to study the behavior of masonry infill walls in structures subjected to horizontal load: The finite element software being used was ABAQUS, it is observed that more rigidity of the masonry filling is significant, more the structure is rigid, so we can conclude that the filling brings an additional rigidity to the structure not to be neglected. It is also observed that when the framework is subjected to horizontal loads, the framework separates from the filling on the level of the tended diagonal. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=finite%20element" title="finite element">finite element</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=masonry%20infill%20walls" title=" masonry infill walls"> masonry infill walls</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rigidity%20of%20the%20masonry" title=" rigidity of the masonry"> rigidity of the masonry</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tended%20diagonal" title=" tended diagonal"> tended diagonal</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/30454/behavior-of-the-masonry-infill-in-structures-subjected-to-the-horizontal-loads" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/30454.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">491</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">255</span> Diagonal Crack Width of RC Members with High Strength Materials</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=J.%20Y.%20Lee">J. Y. Lee</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=H.%20S.%20Lim"> H. S. Lim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20H.%20Yoon"> S. H. Yoon</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper presents an analysis of the diagonal crack widths of RC members with various types of materials by simulating a compatibility-aided truss model. The analytical results indicated that the diagonal crack width was influenced by not only the shear reinforcement ratio but also the yield strength of shear reinforcement and the compressive strength of concrete. The yield strength of shear reinforcement and the compressive strength of concrete decreased the diagonal shear crack width of RC members for the same shear force because of the change of shear failure modes. However, regarding the maximum shear crack width at shear failure, the shear crack width of the beam with high strength materials was greater than that of the beam with normal strength materials. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=diagonal%20crack%20width" title="diagonal crack width">diagonal crack width</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=high%20strength%20stirrups" title=" high strength stirrups"> high strength stirrups</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=high%20strength%20concrete" title=" high strength concrete"> high strength concrete</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=RC%20members" title=" RC members"> RC members</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=shear%20behavior" title=" shear behavior"> shear behavior</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/46565/diagonal-crack-width-of-rc-members-with-high-strength-materials" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/46565.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">308</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">254</span> Performance Analysis and Optimization for Diagonal Sparse Matrix-Vector Multiplication on Machine Learning Unit</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Qiuyu%20Dai">Qiuyu Dai</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Haochong%20Zhang"> Haochong Zhang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Xiangrong%20Liu"> Xiangrong Liu</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Diagonal sparse matrix-vector multiplication is a well-studied topic in the fields of scientific computing and big data processing. However, when diagonal sparse matrices are stored in DIA format, there can be a significant number of padded zero elements and scattered points, which can lead to a degradation in the performance of the current DIA kernel. This can also lead to excessive consumption of computational and memory resources. In order to address these issues, the authors propose the DIA-Adaptive scheme and its kernel, which leverages the parallel instruction sets on MLU. The researchers analyze the effect of allocating a varying number of threads, clusters, and hardware architectures on the performance of SpMV using different formats. The experimental results indicate that the proposed DIA-Adaptive scheme performs well and offers excellent parallelism. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=adaptive%20method" title="adaptive method">adaptive method</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=DIA" title=" DIA"> DIA</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=diagonal%20sparse%20matrices" title=" diagonal sparse matrices"> diagonal sparse matrices</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=MLU" title=" MLU"> MLU</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sparse%20matrix-vector%20multiplication" title=" sparse matrix-vector multiplication"> sparse matrix-vector multiplication</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/161003/performance-analysis-and-optimization-for-diagonal-sparse-matrix-vector-multiplication-on-machine-learning-unit" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/161003.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">134</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">253</span> Analytical Investigation on Seismic Behavior of Infilled Reinforced Concrete Frames Strengthened with Precast Diagonal Concrete Panels</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ceyhun%20Aksoylu">Ceyhun Aksoylu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rifat%20Sezer"> Rifat Sezer</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this study, a strengthening method applicable without any evacuation process was investigated. In this analytical study, the pushover analysis results carry out by using the software of SAP2000. For this purpose, 1/3 scaled, 1-bay and 2-story R/C seven frames having usual deficiencies faults produced, one of which were not strengthened, but having brick-infill wall and the other 3 frames with infill walls strengthened with various shaped of high strength-precast diagonal concrete panels. The prepared analytical models investigated under reversed-cyclic loading that resembles the seismic effect. As a result of the analytical study, the properties of the reinforced concrete frames, such as strength, rigidity, energy dissipation capacity, etc. were determined and the strengthened models were compared with the unstrengthened one having the same properties. As a result of this study, the contributions of precast diagonal concrete applied on the infill walls of the existing frame systems against seismic effects were introduced with its advantages and disadvantages. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=RC%20frame" title="RC frame">RC frame</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=seismic%20effect" title=" seismic effect"> seismic effect</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=infill%20wall" title=" infill wall"> infill wall</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=strengthening" title=" strengthening"> strengthening</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=precast%20diagonal%20concrete%20panel" title=" precast diagonal concrete panel"> precast diagonal concrete panel</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pushover%20analysis" title=" pushover analysis"> pushover analysis</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/43507/analytical-investigation-on-seismic-behavior-of-infilled-reinforced-concrete-frames-strengthened-with-precast-diagonal-concrete-panels" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/43507.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">347</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">252</span> X-Bracing Configuration and Seismic Response</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Saeed%20Rahjoo">Saeed Rahjoo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Babak%20H.%20Mamaqani"> Babak H. Mamaqani</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Concentric bracing systems have been in practice for many years because of their effectiveness in reducing seismic response. Depending on concept, seismic design codes provide various response modification factors (R), which itself consists of different terms, for different types of lateral load bearing systems but configuration of these systems are often ignored in the proposed values. This study aims at considering the effect of different x-bracing diagonal configuration on values of ductility dependent term in R computation. 51 models were created and nonlinear push over analysis has been performed. The main variables of this study were the suitable location of X–bracing diagonal configurations, which establishes better nonlinear behavior in concentric braced steel frames. Results show that some x-bracing diagonal configurations improve the seismic performance of CBF significantly and explicit consideration of lateral load bearing systems seems necessary. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bracing%20configuration" title="bracing configuration">bracing configuration</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=concentrically%20braced%20frame%20%28CBF%29" title=" concentrically braced frame (CBF)"> concentrically braced frame (CBF)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=push%20over%20analyses" title=" push over analyses"> push over analyses</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=response%20reduction%20factor" title=" response reduction factor"> response reduction factor</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/5888/x-bracing-configuration-and-seismic-response" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/5888.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">350</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">251</span> Parameterized Lyapunov Function Based Robust Diagonal Dominance Pre-Compensator Design for Linear Parameter Varying Model</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Xiaobao%20Han">Xiaobao Han</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Huacong%20Li"> Huacong Li</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jia%20Li"> Jia Li</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> For dynamic decoupling of linear parameter varying system, a robust dominance pre-compensator design method is given. The parameterized pre-compensator design problem is converted into optimal problem constrained with parameterized linear matrix inequalities (PLMI); To solve this problem, firstly, this optimization problem is equivalently transformed into a new form with elimination of coupling relationship between parameterized Lyapunov function (PLF) and pre-compensator. Then the problem was reduced to a normal convex optimization problem with normal linear matrix inequalities (LMI) constraints on a newly constructed convex polyhedron. Moreover, a parameter scheduling pre-compensator was achieved, which satisfies robust performance and decoupling performances. Finally, the feasibility and validity of the robust diagonal dominance pre-compensator design method are verified by the numerical simulation of a turbofan engine PLPV model. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=linear%20parameter%20varying%20%28LPV%29" title="linear parameter varying (LPV)">linear parameter varying (LPV)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=parameterized%20Lyapunov%20function%20%28PLF%29" title=" parameterized Lyapunov function (PLF)"> parameterized Lyapunov function (PLF)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=linear%20matrix%20inequalities%20%28LMI%29" title=" linear matrix inequalities (LMI)"> linear matrix inequalities (LMI)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=diagonal%20dominance%20pre-compensator" title=" diagonal dominance pre-compensator"> diagonal dominance pre-compensator</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/57964/parameterized-lyapunov-function-based-robust-diagonal-dominance-pre-compensator-design-for-linear-parameter-varying-model" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/57964.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">399</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">250</span> Intended-Actual First Asking/Offer Price Discrepancies and Their Impact on Negotiation Behaviour and Outcomes</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Liuyao%20Chai">Liuyao Chai</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Colin%20Clark"> Colin Clark</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Analysis of 574 participants in a simulated two-person distributive negotiation revealed that the first price 245 (42.7%) of these participants actually asked/offered for the item under negotiation (a used car) differed from the first price they previously stated they intended to ask/offer during their negotiation. This discrepancy between a negotiator’s intended first asking/offer price and his/her actual first asking/offer price had a significant and economically consequential impact on both the course and the outcomes of the negotiations studied. Participants whose actual first price remained the same as their intended first price tended to secure better negotiation outcomes. Moreover, participants who changed their intended first price tended to obtain relatively lower outcomes regardless of whether their modified first announced price had created a negotiating position that was ‘stronger’ or ‘weaker’ than if they had opened with their intended first price. Subsequent investigation of over twenty negotiation behaviours and pre-negotiation perceptual variables within this dataset indicated that the three types of first price announcers—i.e. intended first asking/offer price ‘weakeners’, ‘maintainers’ and ‘strengtheners’— comprised persons who tended to have significantly different pre-negotiation perceptions and behaved in systematically different ways during their negotiation. Typically, the most negative, outcome-compromising consequences of changing, weakening or strengthening an intended first price occurred at the very beginning of a negotiation when participants exchanged their actual first asking/offer prices. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=business%20communication" title="business communication">business communication</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=negotiation" title=" negotiation"> negotiation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=persuasion" title=" persuasion"> persuasion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=intended%20first%20asking%2Foffer%20prices" title=" intended first asking/offer prices"> intended first asking/offer prices</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bargaining" title=" bargaining"> bargaining</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/24182/intended-actual-first-askingoffer-price-discrepancies-and-their-impact-on-negotiation-behaviour-and-outcomes" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/24182.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">370</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">249</span> Normalized Laplacian Eigenvalues of Graphs</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shaowei%20Sun">Shaowei Sun</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Let G be a graph with vertex set V(G)={v_1,v_2,...,v_n} and edge set E(G). For any vertex v belong to V(G), let d_v denote the degree of v. The normalized Laplacian matrix of the graph G is the matrix where the non-diagonal (i,j)-th entry is -1/(d_id_j) when vertex i is adjacent to vertex j and 0 when they are not adjacent, and the diagonal (i,i)-th entry is the di. In this paper, we discuss some bounds on the largest and the second smallest normalized Laplacian eigenvalue of trees and graphs. As following, we found some new bounds on the second smallest normalized Laplacian eigenvalue of tree T in terms of graph parameters. Moreover, we use Sage to give some conjectures on the second largest and the third smallest normalized eigenvalues of graph. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=graph" title="graph">graph</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=normalized%20Laplacian%20eigenvalues" title=" normalized Laplacian eigenvalues"> normalized Laplacian eigenvalues</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=normalized%20Laplacian%20matrix" title=" normalized Laplacian matrix"> normalized Laplacian matrix</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tree" title=" tree"> tree</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/41326/normalized-laplacian-eigenvalues-of-graphs" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/41326.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">328</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">248</span> Seismic Performance Evaluation of Diagrid Components</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Taejin%20Kim">Taejin Kim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Heonwoo%20Lee"> Heonwoo Lee</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jong-Ho%20Kim"> Jong-Ho Kim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dongchul%20Lee"> Dongchul Lee</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Recently, there have been various high-rise building projects which reflect unique inspiration from architects to their feature. And it is frequently found that some of these buildings have diagrid structural system. Diagrid system provides engineers many options for structural plan, since it has triangular module so it can form a number of complex shapes. Unlike braced frame systems, diagonal members in diagrid system resist gravity and horizontal loads simultaneously. Correspondingly, diagrid members take roles of both beams and columns, and it is expected that their ductile capacity may depend on the amount of gravity loads. However, not enough studies have been made for this issue so far, which means that there is demand of examination on the seismic behavior of diagrid members under large gravity loads. Therefore, in this study, the ductile capacity of diagrid members was evaluated through analytical and experimental method. Several cases that have different vertical load condition were set up for both approaches to consider the effect of initial compression force due to gravity load. Regarding the result, it was found that buckling in a diagonal member occurs at smaller drift angle when larger gravity load acts on the specimen, which also reduces the amount of energy dissipation. It means that axial stress in a diagonal member reaches critical buckling force early due to the combined axial force from not only horizontal load but also gravity load. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=buckling" title="buckling">buckling</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=diagrid" title=" diagrid"> diagrid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ductility" title=" ductility"> ductility</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=seismic%20performance" title=" seismic performance"> seismic performance</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/28601/seismic-performance-evaluation-of-diagrid-components" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/28601.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">405</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">247</span> Growth Performance of New Born Holstein Calves Supplemented with Garlic (Allium sativum) Powder and Probiotics</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=T.%20W.%20Kekana">T. W. Kekana</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=J.%20J.%20Baloyi"> J. J. Baloyi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20C.%20Muya"> M. C. Muya</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=F.%20V.%20Nherera"> F. V. Nherera</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Secondary metabolites (thiosulphinates) from Allium sativum are able to stimulate the production of volatile fatty acids. This study was carried out to investigate the effects of feeding Garlic powder or probiotics or a combination of both on feed intake and growth performance of Holstein calves. Neonatal calves were randomly allocated, according to birth weight, to four dietary treatments, each with 8 calves. The treatments were: C control, no additive (C), G: supplemented with either 5g/d garlic powder (G) or 4 g/d probiotics (P) or GP 5g/d garlic powder and 4 g/d probiotics compound (GP) with the total viable count of 1.3 x 107 cfu/g. Garlic and probiotics were diluted in the daily milk allocation from day 4. Commercial (17.5% CP) starter feed and fresh water were available ad libitum from day 4 until day 42 of age. Calves fed GP (0.27 kg day-1) tended (P=0.055) to have higher DMI than C (0.22 kg day-1). Milk, water, CP, fat intake and FCR were not affected (P>0.05) by the treatments. Metibolisable energy (ME) intake for GP group tended (P=0.058) to be higher than C calves. Combination of G and P (60.3 kg) tended (P = 0.056) to be higher than C (56.0 kg) calves on final BW. Garlic, probiotics or their combination did not affect calve’s HG, ADG and BL (P>0.05). The results of the current study indicated that combination of garlic and probiotics may improve nutrients intake and body weight when fed to calves during the first 42 days of life. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=garlic%20powder" title="garlic powder">garlic powder</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=probiotics" title=" probiotics"> probiotics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=intake" title=" intake"> intake</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=growth" title=" growth"> growth</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Holstein%20calves" title=" Holstein calves"> Holstein calves</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/14153/growth-performance-of-new-born-holstein-calves-supplemented-with-garlic-allium-sativum-powder-and-probiotics" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/14153.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">671</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">246</span> Redundancy Component Matrix and Structural Robustness</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Xinjian%20Kou">Xinjian Kou</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Linlin%20Li"> Linlin Li</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yongju%20Zhou"> Yongju Zhou</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jimian%20Song"> Jimian Song</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> We introduce the redundancy matrix that expresses clearly the geometrical/topological configuration of the structure. With the matrix, the redundancy of the structure is resolved into redundant components and assigned to each member or rigid joint. The values of the diagonal elements in the matrix indicates the importance of the corresponding members or rigid joints, and the geometrically correlations can be shown with the non-diagonal elements. If a member or rigid joint failures, reassignment of the redundant components can be calculated with the recursive method given in the paper. By combining the indexes of reliability and redundancy components, we define an index concerning the structural robustness. To further explain the properties of the redundancy matrix, we cited several examples of statically indeterminate structures, including two trusses and a rigid frame. With the examples, some simple results and the properties of the matrix are discussed. The examples also illustrate that the redundancy matrix and the relevant concepts are valuable in structural safety analysis. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Structural%20Robustness" title="Structural Robustness">Structural Robustness</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Structural%20Reliability" title=" Structural Reliability"> Structural Reliability</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Redundancy%20Component" title=" Redundancy Component"> Redundancy Component</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Redundancy%20Matrix" title=" Redundancy Matrix"> Redundancy Matrix</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/66420/redundancy-component-matrix-and-structural-robustness" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/66420.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">272</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">245</span> Bracing Applications for Improving the Earthquake Performance of Reinforced Concrete Structures</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Diyar%20Yousif%20Ali">Diyar Yousif Ali</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Braced frames, besides other structural systems, such as shear walls or moment resisting frames, have been a valuable and effective technique to increase structures against seismic loads. In wind or seismic excitations, diagonal members react as truss web elements which would afford tension or compression stresses. This study proposes to consider the effect of bracing diagonal configuration on values of base shear and displacement of building. Two models were created, and nonlinear pushover analysis was implemented. Results show that bracing members enhance the lateral load performance of the Concentric Braced Frame (CBF) considerably. The purpose of this article is to study the nonlinear response of reinforced concrete structures which contain hollow pipe steel braces as the major structural elements against earthquake loads. A five-storey reinforced concrete structure was selected in this study; two different reinforced concrete frames were considered. The first system was an un-braced frame, while the last one was a braced frame with diagonal bracing. Analytical modelings of the bare frame and braced frame were realized by means of SAP 2000. The performances of all structures were evaluated using nonlinear static analyses. From these analyses, the base shear and displacements were compared. Results are plotted in diagrams and discussed extensively, and the results of the analyses showed that the braced frame was seemed to capable of more lateral load carrying and had a high value for stiffness and lower roof displacement in comparison with the bare frame. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=reinforced%20concrete%20structures" title="reinforced concrete structures">reinforced concrete structures</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pushover%20analysis" title=" pushover analysis"> pushover analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=base%20shear" title=" base shear"> base shear</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=steel%20bracing" title=" steel bracing"> steel bracing</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/160291/bracing-applications-for-improving-the-earthquake-performance-of-reinforced-concrete-structures" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/160291.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">90</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">244</span> Influence of Flexural Reinforcement on the Shear Strength of RC Beams Without Stirrups</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Guray%20Arslan">Guray Arslan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Riza%20Secer%20Orkun%20Keskin"> Riza Secer Orkun Keskin</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Numerical investigations were conducted to study the influence of flexural reinforcement ratio on the diagonal cracking strength and ultimate shear strength of reinforced concrete (RC) beams without stirrups. Three-dimensional nonlinear finite element analyses (FEAs) of the beams with flexural reinforcement ratios ranging from 0.58% to 2.20% subjected to a mid-span concentrated load were carried out. It is observed that the load-deflection and load-strain curves obtained from the numerical analyses agree with those obtained from the experiments. It is concluded that flexural reinforcement ratio has a significant effect on the shear strength and deflection capacity of RC beams without stirrups. The predictions of the diagonal cracking strength and ultimate shear strength of beams obtained by using the equations defined by a number of codes and researchers are compared with each other and with the experimental values. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=finite%20element" title="finite element">finite element</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=flexural%20reinforcement" title=" flexural reinforcement"> flexural reinforcement</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=reinforced%20concrete%20beam" title=" reinforced concrete beam"> reinforced concrete beam</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=shear%20strength" title=" shear strength"> shear strength</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/25278/influence-of-flexural-reinforcement-on-the-shear-strength-of-rc-beams-without-stirrups" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/25278.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">331</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">243</span> Some Conjectures and Programs about Computing the Detour Index of Molecular Graphs of Nanotubes</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shokofeh%20Ebrtahimi">Shokofeh Ebrtahimi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Let G be the chemical graph of a molecule. The matrix D = [dij ] is called the detour matrix of G, if dij is the length of longest path between atoms i and j. The sum of all entries above the main diagonal of D is called the detour index of G.Chemical graph theory is the topology branch of mathematical chemistry which applies graph theory to mathematical modelling of chemical phenomena.[1] The pioneers of the chemical graph theory are Alexandru Balaban, Ante Graovac, Ivan Gutman, Haruo Hosoya, Milan Randić and Nenad TrinajstićLet G be the chemical graph of a molecule. The matrix D = [dij ] is called the detour matrix of G, if dij is the length of longest path between atoms i and j. The sum of all entries above the main diagonal of D is called the detour index of G. In this paper, a new program for computing the detour index of molecular graphs of nanotubes by heptagons is determineded. Some Conjectures about detour index of Molecular graphs of nanotubes is included. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=chemical%20graph" title="chemical graph">chemical graph</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=detour%20matrix" title=" detour matrix"> detour matrix</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Detour%20index" title=" Detour index"> Detour index</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=carbon%20nanotube" title=" carbon nanotube"> carbon nanotube</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/39724/some-conjectures-and-programs-about-computing-the-detour-index-of-molecular-graphs-of-nanotubes" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/39724.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">292</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">242</span> An Analysis of Transition in Building Form from Abolition of Diagonal Plane Control by Street Width: Focusing on Site Plan and Urban Block</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Joohyun%20Park">Joohyun Park</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jin%20Baek"> Jin Baek</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The purpose of this study is to Analyze the role and effect arise from Diagonal Plane Control by Street Width (DPCSW) in Architecture in Seoul, and to predict the aspect of transition about the relationship among buildings and Urban morphology After the abolition. To find the tendency of building shape regulation, This study review Building Acts concerned with form making (the building to land Ratio, building designated line, wall designated line, building height limit (DPCSW) and etc.) and simulate the shape of urban blocks made by Acts in drawings. The review results show DPCSW is not only limitation about height, but also making the building setback from road and make the Road broader. And it makes the typical shape of the urban block that buildings are moving away from surrounding road After the Abolition of DPCSW; it is expected by the legislature that domestic real estate’s market would be promoted by increased total floor areas in each building. Some substitution from the legislature is announced, but it just deals with Building Maximum unit by Block unit except the regulation about arrangement in urban Figure and Ground. In conclusion, refrain from the uncontrolled development of city, It is important to make regulation about not only height factors but limitation line in land. Furthermore, through revising District Unit Plan, It is positively necessary to reset the relationship between buildings for the making the city space better. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=diagonal%20plane%20control%20by%20street%20width" title="diagonal plane control by street width">diagonal plane control by street width</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=building%20maximum%20height" title=" building maximum height"> building maximum height</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=district%20unit%20plan" title=" district unit plan"> district unit plan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=building%20acts" title=" building acts"> building acts</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=urban%20block%20type" title=" urban block type"> urban block type</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=morphology" title=" morphology"> morphology</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=building%20shape" title=" building shape"> building shape</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/49935/an-analysis-of-transition-in-building-form-from-abolition-of-diagonal-plane-control-by-street-width-focusing-on-site-plan-and-urban-block" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/49935.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">312</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">241</span> The Trade Flow of Small Association Agreements When Rules of Origin Are Relaxed</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Esmat%20Kamel">Esmat Kamel</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper aims to shed light on the extent to which the Agadir Association agreement has fostered inter regional trade between the E.U_26 and the Agadir_4 countries; once that we control for the evolution of Agadir agreement’s exports to the rest of the world. The next valid question will be regarding any remarkable variation in the spatial/sectoral structure of exports, and to what extent has it been induced by the Agadir agreement itself and precisely after the adoption of rules of origin and the PANEURO diagonal cumulative scheme? The paper’s empirical dataset covering a timeframe from [2000 -2009] was designed to account for sector specific export and intermediate flows and the bilateral structured gravity model was custom tailored to capture sector and regime specific rules of origin and the Poisson Pseudo Maximum Likelihood Estimator was used to calculate the gravity equation. The methodological approach of this work is considered to be a threefold one which starts first by conducting a ‘Hierarchal Cluster Analysis’ to classify final export flows showing a certain degree of linkage between each other. The analysis resulted in three main sectoral clusters of exports between Agadir_4 and E.U_26: cluster 1 for Petrochemical related sectors, cluster 2 durable goods and finally cluster 3 for heavy duty machinery and spare parts sectors. Second step continues by taking export flows resulting from the 3 clusters to be subject to treatment with diagonal Rules of origin through ‘The Double Differences Approach’, versus an equally comparable untreated control group. Third step is to verify results through a robustness check applied by ‘Propensity Score Matching’ to validate that the same sectoral final export and intermediate flows increased when rules of origin were relaxed. Through all the previous analysis, a remarkable and partial significance of the interaction term combining both treatment effects and time for the coefficients of 13 out of the 17 covered sectors turned out to be partially significant and it further asserted that treatment with diagonal rules of origin contributed in increasing Agadir’s_4 final and intermediate exports to the E.U._26 on average by 335% and in changing Agadir_4 exports structure and composition to the E.U._26 countries. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=agadir%20association%20agreement" title="agadir association agreement">agadir association agreement</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=structured%20gravity%20model" title=" structured gravity model"> structured gravity model</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hierarchal%20cluster%20analysis" title=" hierarchal cluster analysis"> hierarchal cluster analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=double%20differences%20estimation" title=" double differences estimation"> double differences estimation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=propensity%20score%20matching" title=" propensity score matching"> propensity score matching</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=diagonal%20and%20relaxed%20rules%20of%20origin" title=" diagonal and relaxed rules of origin"> diagonal and relaxed rules of origin</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/61737/the-trade-flow-of-small-association-agreements-when-rules-of-origin-are-relaxed" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/61737.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">318</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">240</span> Effect of Infill’s in Influencing the Dynamic Responses of Multistoried Structures</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rahmathulla%20Noufal%20E.">Rahmathulla Noufal E.</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Investigating the dynamic responses of high rise structures under the effect of siesmic ground motion is extremely important for the proper analysis and design of multitoried structures. Since the presence of infilled walls strongly influences the behaviour of frame systems in multistoried buildings, there is an increased need for developing guidelines for the analysis and design of infilled frames under the effect of dynamic loads for safe and proper design of buildings. In this manuscript, we evaluate the natural frequencies and natural periods of single bay single storey frames considering the effect of infill walls by using the Eigen value analysis and validating with SAP 2000 (free vibration analysis). Various parameters obtained from the diagonal strut model followed for the free vibration analysis is then compared with the Finite Element model, where infill is modeled as shell elements (four noded). We also evaluated the effect of various parameters on the natural periods of vibration obtained by free vibration analysis in SAP 2000 comparing them with those obtained by the empirical expressions presented in I.S. 1893(Part I)-2002. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=infilled%20frame" title="infilled frame">infilled frame</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=eigen%20value%20analysis" title=" eigen value analysis"> eigen value analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=free%20vibration%20analysis" title=" free vibration analysis"> free vibration analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=diagonal%20strut%20model" title=" diagonal strut model"> diagonal strut model</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=finite%20element%20model" title=" finite element model"> finite element model</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=SAP%202000" title=" SAP 2000"> SAP 2000</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=natural%20period" title=" natural period"> natural period</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/29785/effect-of-infills-in-influencing-the-dynamic-responses-of-multistoried-structures" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/29785.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">330</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">239</span> Performance Comparison of Wideband Covariance Matrix Sparse Representation (W-CMSR) with Other Wideband DOA Estimation Methods</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sandeep%20Santosh">Sandeep Santosh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=O.%20P.%20Sahu"> O. P. Sahu</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this paper, performance comparison of wideband covariance matrix sparse representation (W-CMSR) method with other existing wideband Direction of Arrival (DOA) estimation methods has been made.W-CMSR relies less on a priori information of the incident signal number than the ordinary subspace based methods.Consider the perturbation free covariance matrix of the wideband array output. The diagonal covariance elements are contaminated by unknown noise variance. The covariance matrix of array output is conjugate symmetric i.e its upper right triangular elements can be represented by lower left triangular ones.As the main diagonal elements are contaminated by unknown noise variance,slide over them and align the lower left triangular elements column by column to obtain a measurement vector.Simulation results for W-CMSR are compared with simulation results of other wideband DOA estimation methods like Coherent signal subspace method (CSSM), Capon, l1-SVD, and JLZA-DOA. W-CMSR separate two signals very clearly and CSSM, Capon, L1-SVD and JLZA-DOA fail to separate two signals clearly and an amount of pseudo peaks exist in the spectrum of L1-SVD. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=W-CMSR" title="W-CMSR">W-CMSR</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=wideband%20direction%20of%20arrival%20%28DOA%29" title=" wideband direction of arrival (DOA)"> wideband direction of arrival (DOA)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=covariance%20matrix" title=" covariance matrix"> covariance matrix</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=electrical%20and%20computer%20engineering" title=" electrical and computer engineering"> electrical and computer engineering</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/22209/performance-comparison-of-wideband-covariance-matrix-sparse-representation-w-cmsr-with-other-wideband-doa-estimation-methods" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/22209.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">471</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">238</span> Evaluating the Effect of Spatial Qualities, Openness and Complexity, on Human Cognitive Performance within Virtual Reality</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pierre%20F.%20Gerard">Pierre F. Gerard</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Frederic%20F.%20Leymarie"> Frederic F. Leymarie</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=William%20Latham"> William Latham</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Architects have developed a series of objective evaluations, using spatial analysis tools such as Isovist, that show how certain spatial qualities are beneficial to specific human activities hosted in the built environments. In return, they can build more adapted environments by tuning those spatial qualities in their design. In parallel, virtual reality technologies have been developed by engineers with the dream of creating a system that immerses users in a new form of spatial experiences. They already have demonstrated a useful range of benefits not only in simulating critical events to assist people in acquiring new skills, but also to enhance memory retention, to name just a few. This paper investigates the effects of two spatial qualities, openness, and complexity, on cognitive performance within immersive virtual environments. Isovist measure is used to design a series of room settings with different levels of each spatial qualities. In an empirical study, each room was then used by every participant to solve a navigational puzzle game and give a rating of their spatial experience. They were then asked to fill in a questionnaire before solving the visual-spatial memory quiz, which addressed how well they remembered the different rooms. Findings suggest that those spatial qualities have an effect on some of the measures, including navigation performance and memory retention. In particular, there is an order effect for the navigation puzzle game. Participants tended to spend a longer time in the complex room settings. Moreover, there is an interaction effect while with more open settings, participants tended to perform better when in a simple setting; however, with more closed settings, participants tended to perform better in a more complex setting. For the visual-spatial memory quiz, participants performed significantly better within the more open rooms. We believe this is a first step in using virtual environments to enhance participant cognitive performances through better use of specific spatial qualities. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=architecture" title="architecture">architecture</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=navigation" title=" navigation"> navigation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=spatial%20cognition" title=" spatial cognition"> spatial cognition</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=virtual%20reality" title=" virtual reality"> virtual reality</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/113230/evaluating-the-effect-of-spatial-qualities-openness-and-complexity-on-human-cognitive-performance-within-virtual-reality" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/113230.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">130</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">237</span> Cryptocurrency as a Payment Method in the Tourism Industry: A Comparison of Volatility, Correlation and Portfolio Performance</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shu-Han%20Hsu">Shu-Han Hsu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jiho%20Yoon"> Jiho Yoon</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chwen%20Sheu"> Chwen Sheu</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> With the rapidly growing of blockchain technology and cryptocurrency, various industries which include tourism has added in cryptocurrency as the payment method of their transaction. More and more tourism companies accept payments in digital currency for flights, hotel reservations, transportation, and more. For travellers and tourists, using cryptocurrency as a payment method has become a way to circumvent costs and prevent risks. Understanding volatility dynamics and interdependencies between standard currency and cryptocurrency is important for appropriate financial risk management to assist policy-makers and investors in marking more informed decisions. The purpose of this paper has been to understand and explain the risk spillover effects between six major cryptocurrencies and the top ten most traded standard currencies. Using data for the daily closing price of cryptocurrencies and currency exchange rates from 7 August 2015 to 10 December 2019, with 1,133 observations. The diagonal BEKK model was used to analyze the co-volatility spillover effects between cryptocurrency returns and exchange rate returns, which are measures of how the shocks to returns in different assets affect each other’s subsequent volatility. The empirical results show there are co-volatility spillover effects between the cryptocurrency returns and GBP/USD, CNY/USD and MXN/USD exchange rate returns. Therefore, currencies (British Pound, Chinese Yuan and Mexican Peso) and cryptocurrencies (Bitcoin, Ethereum, Ripple, Tether, Litecoin and Stellar) are suitable for constructing a financial portfolio from an optimal risk management perspective and also for dynamic hedging purposes. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=blockchain" title="blockchain">blockchain</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=co-volatility%20effects" title=" co-volatility effects"> co-volatility effects</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cryptocurrencies" title=" cryptocurrencies"> cryptocurrencies</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=diagonal%20BEKK%20model" title=" diagonal BEKK model"> diagonal BEKK model</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=exchange%20rates" title=" exchange rates"> exchange rates</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=risk%20spillovers" title=" risk spillovers"> risk spillovers</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/123511/cryptocurrency-as-a-payment-method-in-the-tourism-industry-a-comparison-of-volatility-correlation-and-portfolio-performance" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/123511.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">143</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">236</span> Markers for Predicting Overweight or Obesity of Riding Egyptian Broodmares Mares</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Amal%20Abo%20El-Maaty">Amal Abo El-Maaty</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Amira%20Mohamed"> Amira Mohamed</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nashwa%20Abu-Aita"> Nashwa Abu-Aita</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hisham%20Morgan"> Hisham Morgan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> For estimating markers of overweight or obesity of brood mares used for riding and training, 17 mares of different body conditions were subjected to blood sampling and ultrasound examination to measure rump fat thickness and monitor ovulation for six consecutive weeks. Also length (L), heart girth (G) and withers height (H) were measured to estimate body weight (BW), body fat %, body fat mass (BFM) and body mass index (BMI). Mares were classified into three groups according to both body condition score (BCS) and rump back fat (BF). Overweight mares (O) were having BCS > 7 and BF thickness >7mm, moderate body condition (M) mares were having BCS >3and ≤7and BF <3and <7mm, and emaciated mares (E) were having BCS ≤3 and BF ≤3mm. glucose, triglycerides, nitric oxide, ovarian, thyroid, insulin, insulin like growth factor-I (IGF-1), and leptin hormones were measured. Results revealed that BCS, G, L, L*G*H, BW, BF, fat %, BFM were significantly (P<0.0001) decreasing linearly from O to E. T4 concentrations of E were significantly high (P=0.04) compared to M and O but T3 concentrations tended to decrease in E (P>0.05). Insulin and IGF-1 concentrations tended to be high in O (P>0.05) and decrease with the decrease of body condition. M had (P=0.007) the highest leptin, but E mares had the lowest P4 concentrations (P=0.01). Concentrations of glucose and NO decreased with the decrease of BCS and BF but triglycerides of O were insignificantly high. In conclusion, exercise could prevent the development of metabolic syndrome in horses and back fat and morphometric measurements were the easiest and simple assessment of overweight and deviation to obesity. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=body%20condition%20score" title="body condition score">body condition score</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=insulin" title=" insulin"> insulin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=leptin" title=" leptin"> leptin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mares" title=" mares"> mares</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rump%20fat" title=" rump fat"> rump fat</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/68183/markers-for-predicting-overweight-or-obesity-of-riding-egyptian-broodmares-mares" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/68183.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">325</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">235</span> Relocation of Plastic Hinge of Interior Beam Column Connections with Intermediate Bars in Reinforced Concrete and T-Section Steel Inserts in Precast Concrete Frames</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=P.%20Wongmatar">P. Wongmatar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=C.%20Hansapinyo"> C. Hansapinyo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=C.%20Buachart"> C. Buachart</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Failure of typical seismic frames has been found by plastic hinge occurring on beams section near column faces. Past researches shown that the seismic capacity of the frames can be enhanced if the plastic hinges of the beams are shifted away from the column faces. This paper presents detailing of reinforcements in the interior beam–column connections aiming to relocate the plastic hinge of reinforced concrete and precast concrete frames. Four specimens were tested under quasi-static cyclic load including two monolithic specimens and two precast specimens. For one monolithic specimen, typical seismic reinforcement was provided and considered as a reference specimen named M1. The other reinforced concrete frame M2 contained additional intermediate steel in the connection area compared with the specimen M1. For the precast specimens, embedded T-section steels in joint were provided, with and without diagonal bars in the connection area for specimen P1 and P2, respectively. The test results indicated the ductile failure with beam flexural failure in monolithic specimen M1 and the intermediate steel increased strength and improved joint performance of specimen M2. For the precast specimens, cracks generated at the end of the steel inserts. However, slipping of reinforcing steel lapped in top of the beams was seen before yielding of the main bars leading to the brittle failure. The diagonal bars in precast specimens P2 improved the connection stiffness and the energy dissipation capacity. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=relocation" title="relocation">relocation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=plastic%20hinge" title=" plastic hinge"> plastic hinge</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=intermediate%20bar" title=" intermediate bar"> intermediate bar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=T-section%20steel" title=" T-section steel"> T-section steel</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=precast%20concrete%20frame" title=" precast concrete frame"> precast concrete frame</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/27574/relocation-of-plastic-hinge-of-interior-beam-column-connections-with-intermediate-bars-in-reinforced-concrete-and-t-section-steel-inserts-in-precast-concrete-frames" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/27574.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">273</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">234</span> Finite Element Modeling and Nonlinear Analysis for Seismic Assessment of Off-Diagonal Steel Braced RC Frame</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Keyvan%20Ramin">Keyvan Ramin</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The geometric nonlinearity of Off-Diagonal Bracing System (ODBS) could be a complementary system to covering and extending the nonlinearity of reinforced concrete material. Finite element modeling is performed for flexural frame, x-braced frame and the ODBS braced frame system at the initial phase. Then the different models are investigated along various analyses. According to the experimental results of flexural and x-braced frame, the verification is done. Analytical assessments are performed in according to three-dimensional finite element modeling. Non-linear static analysis is considered to obtain performance level and seismic behavior, and then the response modification factors calculated from each model’s pushover curve. In the next phase, the evaluation of cracks observed in the finite element models, especially for RC members of all three systems is performed. The finite element assessment is performed on engendered cracks in ODBS braced frame for various time steps. The nonlinear dynamic time history analysis accomplished in different stories models for three records of Elcentro, Naghan, and Tabas earthquake accelerograms. Dynamic analysis is performed after scaling accelerogram on each type of flexural frame, x-braced frame and ODBS braced frame one by one. The base-point on RC frame is considered to investigate proportional displacement under each record. Hysteresis curves are assessed along continuing this study. The equivalent viscous damping for ODBS system is estimated in according to references. Results in each section show the ODBS system has an acceptable seismic behavior and their conclusions have been converged when the ODBS system is utilized in reinforced concrete frame. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=FEM" title="FEM">FEM</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=seismic%20behaviour" title=" seismic behaviour"> seismic behaviour</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pushover%20analysis" title=" pushover analysis"> pushover analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=geometric%20nonlinearity" title=" geometric nonlinearity"> geometric nonlinearity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=time%20history%20analysis" title=" time history analysis"> time history analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=equivalent%20viscous%20damping" title=" equivalent viscous damping"> equivalent viscous damping</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=passive%20control" title=" passive control"> passive control</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=crack%20investigation" title=" crack investigation"> crack investigation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hysteresis%20curve" title=" hysteresis curve"> hysteresis curve</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/14754/finite-element-modeling-and-nonlinear-analysis-for-seismic-assessment-of-off-diagonal-steel-braced-rc-frame" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/14754.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">378</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">233</span> Investigation of Scaling Laws for Stiffness and strength in Bioinspired Glass Sponge Structures Produced by Fused Filament Fabrication</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hassan%20Beigi%20Rizi">Hassan Beigi Rizi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Harold%20Auradou"> Harold Auradou</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lamine%20Hattali"> Lamine Hattali</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Various industries, including civil engineering, automotive, aerospace, and biomedical fields, are currently seeking novel and innovative high-performance lightweight materials to reduce energy consumption. Inspired by the structure of Euplectella Aspergillum Glass Sponges (EA-sponge), 2D unit cells were created and fabricated using a Fused Filament Fabrication (FFF) process with Polylactic acid (PLA) filaments. The stiffness and strength of bio-inspired EA-sponge lattices were investigated both experimentally and numerically under uniaxial tensile loading and are compared to three standard square lattices with diagonal struts (Designs B and C) and non-diagonal struts (Design D) reinforcements. The aim is to establish predictive scaling laws models and examine the deformation mechanisms involved. The results indicated that for the EA-sponge structure, the relative moduli and yield strength scaled linearly with relative density, suggesting that the deformation mechanism is stretching-dominated. The Finite element analysis (FEA), with periodic boundary conditions for volumetric homogenization, confirms these trends and goes beyond the experimental limits imposed by the FFF printing process. Therefore, the stretching-dominated behavior, investigated from 0.1 to 0.5 relative density, demonstrate that the study of EA-sponge structure can be exploited for the realization of square lattice topologies that are stiff and strong and have attractive potential for lightweight structural applications. However, the FFF process introduces an accuracy limitation, with approximately 10% error, making it challenging to print structures with a relative density below 0.2. Future work could focus on exploring the impact of different printing materials on the performance of EA-sponge structures. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bio-inspiration" title="bio-inspiration">bio-inspiration</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=lattice%20structures" title=" lattice structures"> lattice structures</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fused%20filament%20fabrication" title=" fused filament fabrication"> fused filament fabrication</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=scaling%20laws" title=" scaling laws"> scaling laws</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/194587/investigation-of-scaling-laws-for-stiffness-and-strength-in-bioinspired-glass-sponge-structures-produced-by-fused-filament-fabrication" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/194587.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">6</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">232</span> Diagrid Structural System</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=K.%20Raghu">K. Raghu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sree%20Harsha"> Sree Harsha</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The interrelationship between the technology and architecture of tall buildings is investigated from the emergence of tall buildings in late 19th century to the present. In the late 19th century early designs of tall buildings recognized the effectiveness of diagonal bracing members in resisting lateral forces. Most of the structural systems deployed for early tall buildings were steel frames with diagonal bracings of various configurations such as X, K, and eccentric. Though the historical research a filtering concept is developed original and remedial technology- through which one can clearly understand inter-relationship between the technical evolution and architectural esthetic and further stylistic transition buildings. Diagonalized grid structures – “diagrids” - have emerged as one of the most innovative and adaptable approaches to structuring buildings in this millennium. Variations of the diagrid system have evolved to the point of making its use non-exclusive to the tall building. Diagrid construction is also to be found in a range of innovative mid-rise steel projects. Contemporary design practice of tall buildings is reviewed and design guidelines are provided for new design trends. Investigated in depths are the behavioral characteristics and design methodology for diagrids structures, which emerge as a new direction in the design of tall buildings with their powerful structural rationale and symbolic architectural expression. Moreover, new technologies for tall building structures and facades are developed for performance enhancement through design integration, and their architectural potentials are explored. By considering the above data the analysis and design of 40-100 storey diagrids steel buildings is carried out using E-TABS software with diagrids of various angle to be found for entire building which will be helpful to reduce the steel requirement for the structure. The present project will have to undertake wind analysis, seismic analysis for lateral loads acting on the structure due to wind loads, earthquake loads, gravity loads. All structural members are designed as per IS 800-2007 considering all load combination. Comparison of results in terms of time period, top storey displacement and inter-storey drift to be carried out. The secondary effect like temperature variations are not considered in the design assuming small variation. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=diagrid" title="diagrid">diagrid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bracings" title=" bracings"> bracings</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=structural" title=" structural"> structural</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=building" title=" building"> building</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/17351/diagrid-structural-system" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/17351.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">386</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">231</span> Resonant Fluorescence in a Two-Level Atom and the Terahertz Gap</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nikolai%20N.%20Bogolubov">Nikolai N. Bogolubov</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Andrey%20V.%20Soldatov"> Andrey V. Soldatov</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Terahertz radiation occupies a range of frequencies somewhere from 100 GHz to approximately 10 THz, just between microwaves and infrared waves. This range of frequencies holds promise for many useful applications in experimental applied physics and technology. At the same time, reliable, simple techniques for generation, amplification, and modulation of electromagnetic radiation in this range are far from been developed enough to meet the requirements of its practical usage, especially in comparison to the level of technological abilities already achieved for other domains of the electromagnetic spectrum. This situation of relative underdevelopment of this potentially very important range of electromagnetic spectrum is known under the name of the 'terahertz gap.' Among other things, technological progress in the terahertz area has been impeded by the lack of compact, low energy consumption, easily controlled and continuously radiating terahertz radiation sources. Therefore, development of new techniques serving this purpose as well as various devices based on them is of obvious necessity. No doubt, it would be highly advantageous to employ the simplest of suitable physical systems as major critical components in these techniques and devices. The purpose of the present research was to show by means of conventional methods of non-equilibrium statistical mechanics and the theory of open quantum systems, that a thoroughly studied two-level quantum system, also known as an one-electron two-level 'atom', being driven by external classical monochromatic high-frequency (e.g. laser) field, can radiate continuously at much lower (e.g. terahertz) frequency in the fluorescent regime if the transition dipole moment operator of this 'atom' possesses permanent non-equal diagonal matrix elements. This assumption contradicts conventional assumption routinely made in quantum optics that only the non-diagonal matrix elements persist. The conventional assumption is pertinent to natural atoms and molecules and stems from the property of spatial inversion symmetry of their eigenstates. At the same time, such an assumption is justified no more in regard to artificially manufactured quantum systems of reduced dimensionality, such as, for example, quantum dots, which are often nicknamed 'artificial atoms' due to striking similarity of their optical properties to those ones of the real atoms. Possible ways to experimental observation and practical implementation of the predicted effect are discussed too. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=terahertz%20gap" title="terahertz gap">terahertz gap</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=two-level%20atom" title=" two-level atom"> two-level atom</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=resonant%20fluorescence" title=" resonant fluorescence"> resonant fluorescence</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=quantum%20dot" title=" quantum dot"> quantum dot</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=resonant%20fluorescence" title=" resonant fluorescence"> resonant fluorescence</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=two-level%20atom" title=" two-level atom"> two-level atom</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/70294/resonant-fluorescence-in-a-two-level-atom-and-the-terahertz-gap" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/70294.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">271</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">230</span> Influence of the Reliability Index on the Safety Factor of the Concrete Contribution to Shear Strength of HSC Beams</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ali%20Sagiroglu">Ali Sagiroglu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sema%20Noyan%20Alacali"> Sema Noyan Alacali</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Guray%20Arslan"> Guray Arslan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper presents a study on the influence of the safety factor in the concrete contribution to shear strength of high-strength concrete (HSC) beams according to TS500. In TS500, the contribution of concrete to shear strength is obtained by reducing diagonal cracking strength with a safety factor of 0.8. It was investigated that the coefficient of 0.8 considered in determining the contribution of concrete to the shear strength corresponds to which value of failure probability. Also, the changes in the reduction factor depending on different coefficients of variation of concrete were examined. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=reinforced%20concrete" title="reinforced concrete">reinforced concrete</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=beam" title=" beam"> beam</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=shear%20strength" title=" shear strength"> shear strength</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=failure%20probability" title=" failure probability"> failure probability</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=safety%20factor" title=" safety factor"> safety factor</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/22211/influence-of-the-reliability-index-on-the-safety-factor-of-the-concrete-contribution-to-shear-strength-of-hsc-beams" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/22211.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">830</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">229</span> In Vitro Assessment of True Digestibility and Rumen Parameters of Forage-Based Sheep Diet, Supplemented with Dietary Fossil Shell Flour</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Olusegun%20O.%20Ikusika">Olusegun O. Ikusika</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Conference%20T.%20Mpendulo"> Conference T. Mpendulo</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The abundance of fossil shell flour (FSF) globally has increased interest in its use as a natural feed additive in livestock diets. Therefore, identifying its optimum inclusion levels in livestock production is essential for animal productivity. This study investigated the effects of various fossil shell flour (FSF) inclusion levels on in vitro digestibility, relative feed values, and rumen parameters of Dohne-Merino wethers. Twenty-four fistulated wethers with an average body weight of 20 ± 1•5 kg in a complete randomized design of four treatments having six wethers per treatment were used. They were fed a basal diet without fossil shell flour (control, 0%) or with the addition of 2% FSF (T2), 4% FSF(T3), and 6% FSF (T4) of diet DM for 35 days, excluding 14 days adaptation period. The results showed that increasing FSF levels had no effect on ruminal T0C or pH, but Ammonia-N increased (P<0.01) with increasing FSF. The total molar concentrations of volatile fatty acids (VFA) decreased (P<0.05) with increasing levels of FSF. Acetic: propionic ratio decreased except at the 4 % inclusion level. IVTDDM, IVTDNDF and IVTDADF decreased up till 4% FSF inclusion but tended to increase (P = 0.06) at 6% inclusion. Relative feed values of the diets tended to increase (P=0.07) by adding fossil shell flour. In conclusion, adding FSF to the diets of Dohne-Merino wether up to 6% FSF inclusion rates did not improve IVTDDM (In vitro true digestibility dry matter), IVTDNDF (In vitro true digestibility neutral detergent fiber), and IVTDADF (In vitro true digestibility acid detergent fiber). However, a small increment of rumen nitrogen with no adverse effects on the rumen parameters was observed. The relative feed value (RFV) moved the feed from good to premium when supplemented. Therefore, FSF supplementation could improve feed value and maintain a normal range of rumen parameters for the effective functionality of the rumen. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fossil%20shell%20flour" title="fossil shell flour">fossil shell flour</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rumen%20parameters" title=" rumen parameters"> rumen parameters</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=in%20vitro%20digestibility" title=" in vitro digestibility"> in vitro digestibility</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=feed%20quality" title=" feed quality"> feed quality</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dohne-merino%20sheep" title=" dohne-merino sheep"> dohne-merino sheep</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/156544/in-vitro-assessment-of-true-digestibility-and-rumen-parameters-of-forage-based-sheep-diet-supplemented-with-dietary-fossil-shell-flour" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/156544.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">104</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">228</span> Critical Thinking in the Moroccan Textbooks of English: Ticket to English as a Case Study</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohsine%20Jebbour">Mohsine Jebbour</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The ultimate aim of this study was to analyze a second-year baccalaureate textbook of English to see to what extent it includes elements of critical thinking. A further purpose was to assess the extent to which the teachers’ teaching practices help students develop some degree of critical thinking. The literature on critical thinking indicated that all the writers agree that critical thinking is skilled and dispositional oriented, and most of the definitions highlight the skill and disposition to select, collect, analyze and evaluate information effectively. In this study, two instruments were used, namely content analysis and questionnaire to ensure validity and reliability. The sample of this study, on the one hand, was a second year textbook of English, namely Ticket to English. The process of collecting data was carried out through designing a checklist to analyze the textbook of English. On the other hand, high school students (second baccalaureate grade) and teachers of English constituted the second sample. Two questionnaires were administered—One was completed by 28 high school teachers (18 males and10 females), and the other was completed by 51 students (26 males and 25 females) from Fez, Morocco. The items of the questionnaire tended to elicit both qualitative and quantitative data. An attempt was made to answer two research questions. One pertained to the extent to which the textbooks of English contain critical thinking elements (Critical thinking skills and dispositions, types of questions, language learning strategies, classroom activities); the second was concerned with whether the teaching practices of teachers of English help improve students’ critical thinking. The results demonstrated that the textbooks of English include elements of critical thinking, and the teachers’ teaching practices help the students develop some degree of critical thinking. Yet, the textbooks do not include problem-solving activities and media analysis and 86% of the teacher-respondents tended to skip activities in the textbooks, mainly the units dealing with Project Work and Study Skills which are necessary for enhancing critical thinking among the students. Therefore, the textbooks need to be designed around additional activities and the teachers are required to cover the units skipped so as to make the teaching of critical thinking effective. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=critical%20thinking" title="critical thinking">critical thinking</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=language%20learning%20strategies" title=" language learning strategies"> language learning strategies</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=language%20proficiency" title=" language proficiency"> language proficiency</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=teaching%20practices" title=" teaching practices"> teaching practices</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/41042/critical-thinking-in-the-moroccan-textbooks-of-english-ticket-to-english-as-a-case-study" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/41042.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">610</span> </span> </div> </div> <ul class="pagination"> <li class="page-item disabled"><span class="page-link">&lsaquo;</span></li> <li class="page-item active"><span class="page-link">1</span></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tended%20diagonal&page=2">2</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tended%20diagonal&page=3">3</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tended%20diagonal&page=4">4</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tended%20diagonal&page=5">5</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a 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