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class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Singular worship of Krishna</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Singular_worship_of_Krishna-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Religious_practices" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Religious_practices"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Religious practices</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Religious_practices-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Religious practices subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Religious_practices-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Kirtan" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Kirtan"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Kirtan</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Kirtan-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Japa" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Japa"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>Japa</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Japa-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Arati" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Arati"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.3</span> <span>Arati</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Arati-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Four_Regulative_Principles" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Four_Regulative_Principles"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.4</span> <span>Four Regulative Principles</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Four_Regulative_Principles-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Celebrated_festivals" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Celebrated_festivals"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.5</span> <span>Celebrated festivals</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Celebrated_festivals-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Public_preaching" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Public_preaching"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.6</span> <span>Public preaching</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Public_preaching-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Organizational_management" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Organizational_management"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Organizational management</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Organizational_management-sublist" class="cdx-button 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vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Office_for_Child_Protection"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.3</span> <span>Office for Child Protection</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Office_for_Child_Protection-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Kirtan_and_musical_influence" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Kirtan_and_musical_influence"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Kirtan and musical influence</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Kirtan_and_musical_influence-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Vegetarianism" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Vegetarianism"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Vegetarianism</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Vegetarianism-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Demographics" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Demographics"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Demographics</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Demographics-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Criticism_and_controversies" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Criticism_and_controversies"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Criticism and controversies</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Criticism_and_controversies-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Criticism and controversies subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Criticism_and_controversies-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-In_USA" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#In_USA"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.1</span> <span>In USA</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-In_USA-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-In_India" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#In_India"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.2</span> <span>In India</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-In_India-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-In_Bangladesh" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#In_Bangladesh"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.3</span> <span>In Bangladesh</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-In_Bangladesh-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Persecutions" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Persecutions"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>Persecutions</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Persecutions-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Centers_worldwide" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Centers_worldwide"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>Centers worldwide</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Centers_worldwide-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Centers worldwide subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Centers_worldwide-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-India" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#India"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10.1</span> <span>India</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-India-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Mayapur_Chandrodaya_Mandir_of_the_Vedic_Planetarium,_Mayapur" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Mayapur_Chandrodaya_Mandir_of_the_Vedic_Planetarium,_Mayapur"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10.1.1</span> <span>Mayapur Chandrodaya Mandir of the Vedic Planetarium, Mayapur</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Mayapur_Chandrodaya_Mandir_of_the_Vedic_Planetarium,_Mayapur-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sri_Krishna-Balaram_Mandir,_Vrindavan" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sri_Krishna-Balaram_Mandir,_Vrindavan"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10.1.2</span> <span>Sri Krishna-Balaram Mandir, Vrindavan</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sri_Krishna-Balaram_Mandir,_Vrindavan-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sri_Sri_Radha-Rasabihari_Mandir,_Raipur" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sri_Sri_Radha-Rasabihari_Mandir,_Raipur"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10.1.3</span> <span>Sri Sri Radha-Rasabihari Mandir, Raipur</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sri_Sri_Radha-Rasabihari_Mandir,_Raipur-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Vrindavan_Chandrodaya_Mandir" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Vrindavan_Chandrodaya_Mandir"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10.1.4</span> <span>Vrindavan Chandrodaya Mandir</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Vrindavan_Chandrodaya_Mandir-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Radha_Parthasarathi_Mandir,_New_Delhi" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Radha_Parthasarathi_Mandir,_New_Delhi"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10.1.5</span> <span>Radha Parthasarathi Mandir, New Delhi</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Radha_Parthasarathi_Mandir,_New_Delhi-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Radha_Krishna_Mandir,_Chennai" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Radha_Krishna_Mandir,_Chennai"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10.1.6</span> <span>Radha Krishna Mandir, Chennai</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Radha_Krishna_Mandir,_Chennai-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sri_Gaura_Radha_Gukulananda_Temple,_Salem" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sri_Gaura_Radha_Gukulananda_Temple,_Salem"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10.1.7</span> <span>Sri Gaura Radha Gukulananda Temple, Salem</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sri_Gaura_Radha_Gukulananda_Temple,_Salem-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Radha_Madhav_Sundar_Mandir,_Siliguri" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Radha_Madhav_Sundar_Mandir,_Siliguri"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10.1.8</span> <span>Radha Madhav Sundar Mandir, Siliguri</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Radha_Madhav_Sundar_Mandir,_Siliguri-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Nepal" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Nepal"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10.2</span> <span>Nepal</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Nepal-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Europe" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Europe"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10.3</span> <span>Europe</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Europe-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Radhadesh,_Belgium" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Radhadesh,_Belgium"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10.3.1</span> <span>Radhadesh, Belgium</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Radhadesh,_Belgium-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bhaktivedanta_Manor,_Watford" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bhaktivedanta_Manor,_Watford"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10.3.2</span> <span>Bhaktivedanta Manor, Watford</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bhaktivedanta_Manor,_Watford-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-North_and_South_America" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#North_and_South_America"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10.4</span> <span>North and South America</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-North_and_South_America-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Asia,_Africa,_and_Australasia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Asia,_Africa,_and_Australasia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10.5</span> <span>Asia, Africa, and Australasia</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Asia,_Africa,_and_Australasia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Subsidiaries" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Subsidiaries"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>Subsidiaries</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Subsidiaries-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Subsidiaries subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Subsidiaries-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Bhaktivedanta_Book_Trust" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bhaktivedanta_Book_Trust"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11.1</span> <span>Bhaktivedanta Book Trust</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bhaktivedanta_Book_Trust-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Cow_protection_and_ISCOWP" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Cow_protection_and_ISCOWP"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11.2</span> <span>Cow protection and ISCOWP</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Cow_protection_and_ISCOWP-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-ISKCON_Tribal_Care_Trust" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#ISKCON_Tribal_Care_Trust"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11.3</span> <span>ISKCON Tribal Care Trust</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-ISKCON_Tribal_Care_Trust-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Pandava_Sena" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Pandava_Sena"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11.4</span> <span>Pandava Sena</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Pandava_Sena-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notable_people" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notable_people"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">12</span> <span>Notable people</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notable_people-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">13</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">14</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sources" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sources"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">15</span> <span>Sources</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sources-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">16</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" 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class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">International Society for Krishna Consciousness</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 61 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-61" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">61 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AD%D8%B1%D9%83%D8%A9_%D9%87%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%8A_%D9%83%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%B4%D9%86%D8%A7" title="حركة هاري كريشنا – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="حركة هاري كريشنا" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asociaci%C3%B3n_Internacional_pa_la_Conciencia_de_Krishna" title="Asociación Internacional pa la Conciencia de Krishna – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Asociación Internacional pa la Conciencia de Krishna" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%86%E0%A6%A8%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A4%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%9C%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A4%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%95_%E0%A6%95%E0%A7%83%E0%A6%B7%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A3%E0%A6%AD%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%A8%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%AE%E0%A7%83%E0%A6%A4_%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%82%E0%A6%98" title="আন্তর্জাতিক কৃষ্ণভাবনামৃত সংঘ – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="আন্তর্জাতিক কৃষ্ণভাবনামৃত সংঘ" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D1%96%D0%B6%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B5_%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%B0_%D1%81%D0%B2%D1%8F%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%86%D1%96_%D0%9A%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%88%D0%BD%D1%8B" title="Міжнароднае таварыства свядомасці Крышны – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Міжнароднае таварыства свядомасці Крышны" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B5%D0%B6%D0%B4%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%BD%D0%BE_%D0%BE%D0%B1%D1%89%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%BE_%D0%B7%D0%B0_%D0%9A%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%88%D0%BD%D0%B0-%D1%81%D1%8A%D0%B7%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5" title="Международно общество за Кришна-съзнание – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Международно общество за Кришна-съзнание" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISKCON_(Hare_Krishna)" title="ISKCON (Hare Krishna) – Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="ISKCON (Hare Krishna)" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Breton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Associaci%C3%B3_Internacional_per_a_la_Consci%C3%A8ncia_de_Krixna" title="Associació Internacional per a la Consciència de Krixna – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Associació Internacional per a la Consciència de Krixna" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mezin%C3%A1rodn%C3%AD_spole%C4%8Dnost_pro_v%C4%9Bdom%C3%AD_Kr%C5%A1ny" title="Mezinárodní společnost pro vědomí Kršny – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Mezinárodní společnost pro vědomí Kršny" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hare_Krishna" title="Hare Krishna – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Hare Krishna" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internationale_Gesellschaft_f%C3%BCr_Krishna-Bewusstsein" title="Internationale Gesellschaft für Krishna-Bewusstsein – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Internationale Gesellschaft für Krishna-Bewusstsein" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rahvusvaheline_Kri%C5%A1na_Teadvuse_%C3%9Ching" title="Rahvusvaheline Krišna Teadvuse Ühing – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Rahvusvaheline Krišna Teadvuse Ühing" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asociaci%C3%B3n_Internacional_para_la_Conciencia_de_Krishna" title="Asociación Internacional para la Conciencia de Krishna – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Asociación Internacional para la Conciencia de Krishna" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internacia_Socio_por_Kri%C5%9Dna_Konscio" title="Internacia Socio por Kriŝna Konscio – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Internacia Socio por Kriŝna Konscio" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Krishnaren_Kontzientziarako_Nazioarteko_Elkartea" title="Krishnaren Kontzientziarako Nazioarteko Elkartea – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Krishnaren Kontzientziarako Nazioarteko Elkartea" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%AC%D9%85%D9%86_%D8%A8%DB%8C%D9%86%E2%80%8C%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D9%84%D9%84%DB%8C_%D8%A2%DA%AF%D8%A7%D9%87%DB%8C_%DA%A9%D8%B1%DB%8C%D8%B4%D9%86%D8%A7" title="انجمن بین‌المللی آگاهی کریشنا – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="انجمن بین‌المللی آگاهی کریشنا" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Association_internationale_pour_la_conscience_de_Krishna" title="Association internationale pour la conscience de Krishna – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Association internationale pour la conscience de Krishna" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hare_Krishna" title="Hare Krishna – Scottish Gaelic" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="Hare Krishna" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="Scottish Gaelic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gàidhlig</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gu mw-list-item"><a href="https://gu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AA%87%E0%AA%B8%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%95%E0%AB%8B%E0%AA%A8" title="ઇસ્કોન – Gujarati" lang="gu" hreflang="gu" data-title="ઇસ્કોન" data-language-autonym="ગુજરાતી" data-language-local-name="Gujarati" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ગુજરાતી</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%ED%81%AC%EB%A6%AC%EC%8A%88%EB%82%98_%EC%9D%98%EC%8B%9D%EA%B5%AD%EC%A0%9C%ED%98%91%ED%9A%8C" title="크리슈나 의식국제협회 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="크리슈나 의식국제협회" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B7%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9F%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%AF_%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%83%E0%A4%B7%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A3%E0%A4%AD%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%83%E0%A4%A4_%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%98" title="अंतर्राष्ट्रीय कृष्णभावनामृत संघ – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="अंतर्राष्ट्रीय कृष्णभावनामृत संघ" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hare_Kri%C5%A1na" title="Hare Krišna – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Hare Krišna" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Masyarakat_Internasional_Kesadaran_Kresna" title="Masyarakat Internasional Kesadaran Kresna – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Masyarakat Internasional Kesadaran Kresna" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Associazione_internazionale_per_la_coscienza_di_Krishna" title="Associazione internazionale per la coscienza di Krishna – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Associazione internazionale per la coscienza di Krishna" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%94%D7%AA%D7%A0%D7%95%D7%A2%D7%94_%D7%94%D7%91%D7%99%D7%9F-%D7%9C%D7%90%D7%95%D7%9E%D7%99%D7%AA_%D7%9C%D7%9E%D7%A2%D7%9F_%D7%AA%D7%95%D7%93%D7%A2%D7%AA_%D7%A7%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%A9%D7%A0%D7%94" title="התנועה הבין-לאומית למען תודעת קרישנה – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="התנועה הבין-לאומית למען תודעת קרישנה" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%87%E0%B2%B8%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%95%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%A8%E0%B3%8D" title="ಇಸ್ಕಾನ್ – Kannada" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಇಸ್ಕಾನ್" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="Kannada" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Starptautisk%C4%81_Kri%C5%A1nas_apzi%C5%86as_biedr%C4%ABba" title="Starptautiskā Krišnas apziņas biedrība – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Starptautiskā Krišnas apziņas biedrība" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tarptautin%C4%97_Kri%C5%A1nos_s%C4%85mon%C4%97s_bendrija" title="Tarptautinė Krišnos sąmonės bendrija – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Tarptautinė Krišnos sąmonės bendrija" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Krisna-tudat" title="Krisna-tudat – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Krisna-tudat" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mai mw-list-item"><a href="https://mai.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B7%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9F%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF_%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%83%E0%A4%B7%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A3%E0%A4%AD%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%83%E0%A4%A4_%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%98" title="अन्तर्राष्ट्रिय कृष्णभावनामृत संघ – Maithili" lang="mai" hreflang="mai" data-title="अन्तर्राष्ट्रिय कृष्णभावनामृत संघ" data-language-autonym="मैथिली" data-language-local-name="Maithili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मैथिली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B5%D1%93%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%BD%D0%BE_%D0%B4%D1%80%D1%83%D1%88%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%BE_%D0%B7%D0%B0_%D1%81%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82_%D0%B7%D0%B0_%D0%9A%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%88%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Меѓународно друштво за свесност за Кришна – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Меѓународно друштво за свесност за Кришна" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%85%E0%B4%A8%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A4%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%B7%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%9F%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0_%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%83%E0%B4%B7%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A3%E0%B4%AD%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%B5%E0%B4%A8%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%AE%E0%B5%83%E0%B4%A4_%E0%B4%B8%E0%B4%82%E0%B4%98%E0%B4%82" title="അന്താരാഷ്ട്ര കൃഷ്ണഭാവനാമൃത സംഘം – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="അന്താരാഷ്ട്ര കൃഷ്ണഭാവനാമൃത സംഘം" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%86%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B7%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9F%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%AF_%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%83%E0%A4%B7%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A3%E0%A4%AD%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%83%E0%A4%A4_%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%98" title="आंतरराष्ट्रीय कृष्णभावनामृत संघ – Marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="आंतरराष्ट्रीय कृष्णभावनामृत संघ" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AD%D8%B1%D9%83%D8%A9_%D9%87%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%89_%D9%83%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%B4%D9%86%D8%A7" title="حركة هارى كريشنا – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="حركة هارى كريشنا" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Persatuan_Kesedaran_Krishna_Antarabangsa" title="Persatuan Kesedaran Krishna Antarabangsa – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Persatuan Kesedaran Krishna Antarabangsa" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hare_Krishna-beweging" title="Hare Krishna-beweging – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Hare Krishna-beweging" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B7%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9F%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF_%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%83%E0%A4%B7%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A3%E0%A4%AD%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%83%E0%A4%A4_%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%99%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%98" title="अन्तर्राष्ट्रिय कृष्णभावनामृत सङ्घ – Nepali" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="अन्तर्राष्ट्रिय कृष्णभावनामृत सङ्घ" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="Nepali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%AF%E3%83%AA%E3%82%B7%E3%83%A5%E3%83%8A%E6%84%8F%E8%AD%98%E5%9B%BD%E9%9A%9B%E5%8D%94%E4%BC%9A" title="クリシュナ意識国際協会 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="クリシュナ意識国際協会" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISKCON" title="ISKCON – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="ISKCON" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-or mw-list-item"><a href="https://or.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AC%87%E0%AC%B8%E0%AD%8D%E0%AC%95%E0%AC%A8" title="ଇସ୍କନ – Odia" lang="or" hreflang="or" data-title="ଇସ୍କନ" data-language-autonym="ଓଡ଼ିଆ" data-language-local-name="Odia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ଓଡ଼ିଆ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%87%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%95%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%A8" title="ਇਸਕਾਨ – Punjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਇਸਕਾਨ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mi%C4%99dzynarodowe_Towarzystwo_%C5%9Awiadomo%C5%9Bci_Kryszny" title="Międzynarodowe Towarzystwo Świadomości Kryszny – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Międzynarodowe Towarzystwo Świadomości Kryszny" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Movimento_Hare_Krishna" title="Movimento Hare Krishna – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Movimento Hare Krishna" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B5%D0%B6%D0%B4%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B5_%D0%BE%D0%B1%D1%89%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%BE_%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%9A%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%88%D0%BD%D1%8B" title="Международное общество сознания Кришны – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Международное общество сознания Кришны" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sa mw-list-item"><a href="https://sa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%87%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%8D_%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A5%E0%A4%BE" title="इस्कान् संस्था – Sanskrit" lang="sa" hreflang="sa" data-title="इस्कान् संस्था" data-language-autonym="संस्कृतम्" data-language-local-name="Sanskrit" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>संस्कृतम्</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sc mw-list-item"><a href="https://sc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Associatzione_Internatzionale_pro_sa_Cuscienscia_de_Krishna" title="Associatzione Internatzionale pro sa Cuscienscia de Krishna – Sardinian" lang="sc" hreflang="sc" data-title="Associatzione Internatzionale pro sa Cuscienscia de Krishna" data-language-autonym="Sardu" data-language-local-name="Sardinian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sardu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISKCON" title="ISKCON – Scots" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="ISKCON" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="Scots" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Society_for_Krishna_Consciousness" title="International Society for Krishna Consciousness – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="International Society for Krishna Consciousness" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medzin%C3%A1rodn%C3%A1_spolo%C4%8Dnos%C5%A5_pre_Kri%C5%A1novo_vedomie" title="Medzinárodná spoločnosť pre Krišnovo vedomie – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Medzinárodná spoločnosť pre Krišnovo vedomie" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hare_Kri%C5%A1na" title="Hare Krišna – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Hare Krišna" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B5_%D0%9A%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%88%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Харе Кришна – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Харе Кришна" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Krishna-liike" title="Krishna-liike – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Krishna-liike" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hare_Krishna" title="Hare Krishna – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Hare Krishna" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%85%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%B2_%E0%AE%89%E0%AE%B2%E0%AE%95_%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%B0%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%B7%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%A3_%E0%AE%AA%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%A4%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%8D_%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%B4%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%8D" title="அகில உலக கிருஷ்ண பக்திக் கழகம் – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="அகில உலக கிருஷ்ண பக்திக் கழகம்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8B%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0_%D0%9A%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%88%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%90%D2%A3%D1%8B_%D2%96%D3%99%D0%BC%D0%B3%D1%8B%D1%8F%D1%82%D0%B5" title="Халыкара Кришна Аңы Җәмгыяте – Tatar" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Халыкара Кришна Аңы Җәмгыяте" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="Tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%85%E0%B0%82%E0%B0%A4%E0%B0%B0%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%9C%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%A4%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%AF_%E0%B0%95%E0%B1%83%E0%B0%B7%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%A3_%E0%B0%9A%E0%B1%88%E0%B0%A4%E0%B0%A8%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%AF_%E0%B0%B8%E0%B0%82%E0%B0%98%E0%B0%82" title="అంతర్జాతీయ కృష్ణ చైతన్య సంఘం – Telugu" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="అంతర్జాతీయ కృష్ణ చైతన్య సంఘం" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="Telugu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A4%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%93%E0%B8%A0%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%A4%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%B4" title="สมาคมกฤษณภาวนามฤตนานาชาติ – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="สมาคมกฤษณภาวนามฤตนานาชาติ" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uluslararas%C4%B1_Kri%C5%9Fna_Bilinci_Toplulu%C4%9Fu" title="Uluslararası Krişna Bilinci Topluluğu – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Uluslararası Krişna Bilinci Topluluğu" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D1%96%D0%B6%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%BD%D0%B5_%D0%A2%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%BE_%D0%A1%D0%B2%D1%96%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D1%96_%D0%9A%D1%80%D1%96%D1%88%D0%BD%D0%B8" title="Міжнародне Товариство Свідомості Крішни – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Міжнародне Товариство Свідомості Крішни" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hi%E1%BB%87p_h%E1%BB%99i_Qu%E1%BB%91c_t%E1%BA%BF_v%E1%BB%81_%C3%9D_th%E1%BB%A9c_Krishna" title="Hiệp hội Quốc tế về Ý thức Krishna – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Hiệp hội Quốc tế về Ý thức Krishna" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%9B%BD%E9%99%85%E5%A5%8E%E5%B8%88%E9%82%A3%E7%9F%A5%E8%A7%89%E5%8D%8F%E4%BC%9A" title="国际奎师那知觉协会 – Wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="国际奎师那知觉协会" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%9B%BD%E9%99%85%E5%A5%8E%E5%B8%88%E9%82%A3%E7%9F%A5%E8%A7%89%E5%8D%8F%E4%BC%9A" title="国际奎师那知觉协会 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="国际奎师那知觉协会" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q190193#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit 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<div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> <div id="mw-indicator-pp-default" class="mw-indicator"><div class="mw-parser-output"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Protection_policy#semi" title="This article is semi-protected until February 28, 2025 at 00:34 UTC, due to vandalism"><img alt="Page semi-protected" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/1b/Semi-protection-shackle.svg/20px-Semi-protection-shackle.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/1b/Semi-protection-shackle.svg/30px-Semi-protection-shackle.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/1b/Semi-protection-shackle.svg/40px-Semi-protection-shackle.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></a></span></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Religious organisation</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard"><caption class="infobox-title fn org">International Society for Krishna Consciousness</caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image logo"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:ISKCON_logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/5/55/ISKCON_logo.svg/180px-ISKCON_logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="180" height="168" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/5/55/ISKCON_logo.svg/270px-ISKCON_logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/5/55/ISKCON_logo.svg/360px-ISKCON_logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="150" data-file-height="140" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">Official emblem of ISKCON</div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image logo"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Iskon_Temple,_Vrindawan.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/Iskon_Temple%2C_Vrindawan.jpg/250px-Iskon_Temple%2C_Vrindawan.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="185" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/Iskon_Temple%2C_Vrindawan.jpg/375px-Iskon_Temple%2C_Vrindawan.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/Iskon_Temple%2C_Vrindawan.jpg/500px-Iskon_Temple%2C_Vrindawan.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4041" data-file-height="2983" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption"><a href="/wiki/Krishna_Balarama_Mandir" class="mw-redirect" title="Krishna Balarama Mandir">ISKCON Temple</a> in <a href="/wiki/Vrindavan" title="Vrindavan">Vrindavan</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mathura" title="Mathura">Mathura</a>, <a href="/wiki/Uttar_Pradesh" title="Uttar Pradesh">Uttar Pradesh</a>, <a href="/wiki/India" title="India">India</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.6em;">Abbreviation</th><td class="infobox-data nickname">ISKCON</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.6em;">Formation</th><td class="infobox-data note">13 July 1966<span class="noprint"> (58 years ago)</span><span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated">1966-07-13</span>)</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/New_York_City" title="New York City">New York City</a></span>, <a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.6em;">Founder</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/A._C._Bhaktivedanta_Swami_Prabhupada" title="A. C. Bhaktivedanta Swami Prabhupada">A. C. Bhaktivedanta Swami Prabhupada</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.6em;">Type</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Religious_organization" title="Religious organization">Religious organization</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.6em;">Legal status</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Foundation_(nonprofit)" title="Foundation (nonprofit)">Foundation</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.6em;">Headquarters</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Mayapur" title="Mayapur">Mayapur</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nabadwip" title="Nabadwip">Nabadwip</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nadia_district" title="Nadia district">Nadia</a>, <a href="/wiki/West_Bengal" title="West Bengal">West Bengal</a>, <a href="/wiki/India" title="India">India</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.6em;">Location</th><td class="infobox-data label"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"><ul><li>800+ temples and centres<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.6em;">Coordinates</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="geo-inline"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=International_Society_for_Krishna_Consciousness&params=23.4248_N_88.3889_E_"><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">23°25′29″N</span> <span class="longitude">88°23′20″E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">23.4248°N 88.3889°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">23.4248; 88.3889</span></span></span></a></span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.6em;"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Area served </div></th><td class="infobox-data">Worldwide</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.6em;"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Main organ</div></th><td class="infobox-data">Governing Body Commission</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.6em;">Affiliations</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Gaudiya_Vaishnavism" title="Gaudiya Vaishnavism">Gaudiya Vaishnavism</a> (<a href="/wiki/Hinduism" title="Hinduism">Hinduism</a>)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.6em;">Website</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://iskcon.org">iskcon<wbr />.org</a></span></td></tr></tbody></table> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output 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href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239334494"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239334494"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239334494"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239334494"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239334494"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239334494"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239334494"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239334494"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239334494"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239334494"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239334494"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239334494"><table class="sidebar sidebar-collapse nomobile nowraplinks"><tbody><tr><td class="sidebar-pretitle">Part of <a href="/wiki/Category:Vaishnavism" title="Category:Vaishnavism">a series</a> on</td></tr><tr><th class="sidebar-title-with-pretitle" style="background-color: #c9d5f2; border-color: #001A57"><a href="/wiki/Vaishnavism" title="Vaishnavism"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:#001A57">Vaishnavism</span></a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-image"><span class="mw-default-size notpageimage" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Git_govind_large.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Closeup of Vishnu, seated in the lotus position on a lotus. From depiction of the poet Jayadeva bowing to Vishnu, Gouache on paper Pahari, The very picture of devotion, bare-bodied, head bowed, legs crossed and hands folded, Jayadeva stands at left, with the implements of worship placed before the lotus-seat of Vishnu who sits there, blessing the poet."><img alt="Closeup of Vishnu, seated in the lotus position on a lotus. From depiction of the poet Jayadeva bowing to Vishnu, Gouache on paper Pahari, The very picture of devotion, bare-bodied, head bowed, legs crossed and hands folded, Jayadeva stands at left, with the implements of worship placed before the lotus-seat of Vishnu who sits there, blessing the poet." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Git_govind_large.jpg/220px-Git_govind_large.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="141" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Git_govind_large.jpg/330px-Git_govind_large.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Git_govind_large.jpg/440px-Git_govind_large.jpg 2x" data-file-width="604" data-file-height="386" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="padding-bottom:0; text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:#001A57">Supreme deity</span></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist" style="padding-top:0;"> <dl><dt><a href="/wiki/Vishnu" title="Vishnu">Vishnu</a> / <a href="/wiki/Krishna" title="Krishna">Krishna</a> / <a href="/wiki/Rama" title="Rama">Rama</a></dt></dl></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="padding-bottom:0; text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:#001A57">Important deities</span></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist" style="padding-top:0;"> <dl><dt><a href="/wiki/Dashavatara" title="Dashavatara">Dashavatara</a></dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Matsya" title="Matsya">Matsya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kurma" title="Kurma">Kurma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Varaha" title="Varaha">Varaha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Narasimha" title="Narasimha">Narasimha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vamana" title="Vamana">Vamana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parasurama" class="mw-redirect" title="Parasurama">Parasurama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rama" title="Rama">Rama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Balarama" title="Balarama">Balarama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Krishna" title="Krishna">Krishna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gautama_Buddha_in_Hinduism" class="mw-redirect" title="Gautama Buddha in Hinduism">Buddha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kalki" title="Kalki">Kalki</a></li></ul> <dl><dt>Other forms</dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dhanvantari" title="Dhanvantari">Dhanvantari</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guruvayurappan" title="Guruvayurappan">Guruvayurappan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hayagriva" title="Hayagriva">Hayagriva</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jagannath" title="Jagannath">Jagannath</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mohini" title="Mohini">Mohini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nara-Narayana" title="Nara-Narayana">Nara-Narayana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prithu" title="Prithu">Prithu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shrinathji" title="Shrinathji">Shrinathji</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Venkateshvara" class="mw-redirect" title="Venkateshvara">Venkateshvara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vithoba" title="Vithoba">Vithoba</a></li></ul> <dl><dt><a href="/wiki/Shakti" title="Shakti">Consorts</a></dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lakshmi" title="Lakshmi">Lakshmi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bhumi_(goddess)" title="Bhumi (goddess)">Bhumi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sita" title="Sita">Sita</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Radha" title="Radha">Radha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rukmini" title="Rukmini">Rukmini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alamelu" class="mw-redirect" title="Alamelu">Alamelu</a></li></ul> <dl><dt>Related</dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Garuda" title="Garuda">Garuda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hanuman" title="Hanuman">Hanuman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shesha" title="Shesha">Shesha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shasta_(deity)" title="Shasta (deity)">Shasta</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="padding-bottom:0; text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Hindu_scriptures" class="mw-redirect" title="Hindu scriptures"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:#001A57">Holy scriptures</span></a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist" style="padding-top:0;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Vedas" title="Vedas">Vedas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Upanishads" title="Upanishads">Upanishads</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vaikhanasa" title="Vaikhanasa">Vaikhanasa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pancharatra" title="Pancharatra">Pancharatra</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Bhagavad_Gita" title="Bhagavad Gita">Bhagavad Gita</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Mahabharata" title="Mahabharata">Mahabharata</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Ramayana" title="Ramayana">Ramayana</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harivamsa" class="mw-redirect" title="Harivamsa">Harivamsa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Divya_Prabandha" class="mw-redirect" title="Divya Prabandha">Divya Prabandha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gita_Govinda" title="Gita Govinda">Gita Govinda</a></li></ul> <dl><dt><a href="/wiki/Puranas" title="Puranas">Puranas</a></dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Vishnu_Purana" title="Vishnu Purana">Vishnu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bhagavata_Purana" title="Bhagavata Purana">Bhagavata</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Naradiya_Purana" title="Naradiya Purana">Naradiya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Garuda_Purana" title="Garuda Purana">Garuda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Padma_Purana" title="Padma Purana">Padma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Agni_Purana" title="Agni Purana">Agni</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="padding-bottom:0; text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:#001A57">Sampradayas</span></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist" style="padding-top:0;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sri_Sampradaya" class="mw-redirect" title="Sri Sampradaya">Sri</a> (<a href="/wiki/Vishishtadvaita" title="Vishishtadvaita">Vishishtadvaita</a>, <a href="/wiki/Akshar_Purushottam_Darshan" title="Akshar Purushottam Darshan">Akshar Purushottam Darshan</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rudra_Sampradaya" title="Rudra Sampradaya">Rudra</a> (<a href="/wiki/Shuddhadvaita" title="Shuddhadvaita">Śuddhādvaita</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kum%C4%81ra_Sampradaya" class="mw-redirect" title="Kumāra Sampradaya">Kumara</a> (<a href="/wiki/Dvaitadvaita" class="mw-redirect" title="Dvaitadvaita">Dvaitadvaita</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brahma_Sampradaya" title="Brahma Sampradaya">Brahma</a> (<a href="/wiki/Tattvavada" class="mw-redirect" title="Tattvavada">Tattvavada</a> or (<a href="/wiki/Dvaita" class="mw-redirect" title="Dvaita">Dvaita</a>)), <a href="/wiki/Achintya_Bheda_Abheda" title="Achintya Bheda Abheda">Acintyabhedabheda</a>)</li></ul> <dl><dd><b>Others</b></dd></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ekasarana_Dharma" title="Ekasarana Dharma">Ekasarana Dharma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mahanubhava" title="Mahanubhava">Mahanubhava</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pranami_Sampraday" class="mw-redirect" title="Pranami Sampraday">Pranami</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Radha_Vallabh_Sampradaya" class="mw-redirect" title="Radha Vallabh Sampradaya">Radha Vallabha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ramsnehi" class="mw-redirect" title="Ramsnehi">Ramsnehi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sant_Mat" title="Sant Mat">Sant Mat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vaishnava-Sahajiya" class="mw-redirect" title="Vaishnava-Sahajiya">Vaishnava-Sahajiya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Warkari" title="Warkari">Warkari</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="padding-bottom:0; text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Acharya" title="Acharya"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:#001A57">Teachers—acharyas</span></a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist" style="padding-top:0;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chaitanya_Mahaprabhu" title="Chaitanya Mahaprabhu">Chaitanya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chakradhar_Swami" title="Chakradhar Swami">Chakradhara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dadu_Dayal" title="Dadu Dayal">Dadu Dayal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hith_Harivansh_Mahaprabhu" title="Hith Harivansh Mahaprabhu">Harivansh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jayatirtha" title="Jayatirtha">Jayatirtha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jiva_Goswami" title="Jiva Goswami">Jiva Goswami</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dnyaneshwar" title="Dnyaneshwar">Jñāneśvara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kabir" title="Kabir">Kabir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Madhavdev" title="Madhavdev">Madhavdev</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Madhvacharya" title="Madhvacharya">Madhvacharya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manavala_Mamunigal" title="Manavala Mamunigal">Manavala Mamunigal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Namdev" title="Namdev">Namadeva</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nammalvar" title="Nammalvar">Nammalvar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nathamuni" title="Nathamuni">Nathamuni</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nimbarka" title="Nimbarka">Nimbarka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Srinivasacharya" title="Srinivasacharya">Srinivasacharya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Padmanabha_Tirtha" title="Padmanabha Tirtha">Padmanabha Tirtha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pillai_Lokacharya" title="Pillai Lokacharya">Pillai Lokacharya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Purandara_Dasa" title="Purandara Dasa">Purandara Dasa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raghuttama_Tirtha" title="Raghuttama Tirtha">Raghuttama Tirtha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raghavendra_Tirtha" title="Raghavendra Tirtha">Raghavendra Tirtha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ram_Charan_(guru)" title="Ram Charan (guru)">Ram Charan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ramananda" title="Ramananda">Ramananda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ramanuja" title="Ramanuja">Ramanuja</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ravidas" title="Ravidas">Ravidas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Satyanatha_Tirtha" title="Satyanatha Tirtha">Satyanatha Tirtha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Satyabhinava_Tirtha" title="Satyabhinava Tirtha">Satyabhinava Tirtha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Satyabodha_Tirtha" title="Satyabodha Tirtha">Satyabodha Tirtha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Satyadharma_Tirtha" title="Satyadharma Tirtha">Satyadharma Tirtha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Satyadhyana_Tirtha" title="Satyadhyana Tirtha">Satyadhyana Tirtha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samarth_Ramdas" title="Samarth Ramdas">Samarth Ramdas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sankardev" title="Sankardev">Sankardev</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swaminarayan" title="Swaminarayan">Swaminarayan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sripadaraja" title="Sripadaraja">Sripadaraja</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tukaram" title="Tukaram">Tukaram</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tulsidas" title="Tulsidas">Tulsidas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vallabha" title="Vallabha">Vallabha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vedanta_Desika" title="Vedanta Desika">Vedanta Desika</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vidyapati" title="Vidyapati">Vidyapati</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vishnuswami" title="Vishnuswami">Vishnuswami</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vitthalanatha" title="Vitthalanatha">Viṭṭhalanātha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vyasatirtha" title="Vyasatirtha">Vyasatirtha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vadiraja_Tirtha" title="Vadiraja Tirtha">Vadiraja Tirtha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yamunacharya" title="Yamunacharya">Yamunacharya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sri_Kantha_Krishnamacharyulu" title="Sri Kantha Krishnamacharyulu">Sri Kantha Krishnamacharyulu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Annamacharya" title="Annamacharya">Annamacharya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bhadrachala_Ramadasu" title="Bhadrachala Ramadasu">Bhadrachala Ramadasu</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="padding-bottom:0; text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:#001A57">Related traditions</span></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist" style="padding-top:0;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bhagavatism" class="mw-redirect" title="Bhagavatism">Bhagavatism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vaikhanasas" class="mw-redirect" title="Vaikhanasas">Vaikhanasas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pancharatra" title="Pancharatra">Pancharatra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sri_Vaishnavism#Tenkalai_("southern")_-_Manavala_Mamunigal" title="Sri Vaishnavism">Tenkalai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sri_Vaishnavism#Vadakalai_("northern")_-_Vedanta_Desika" title="Sri Vaishnavism">Vadakalai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Munitraya_Sampradayam" class="mw-redirect" title="Munitraya Sampradayam">Munitraya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Krishnaism" title="Krishnaism">Krishnaism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jagannath" title="Jagannath">Jagannathism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haridasa" title="Haridasa">Haridasa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vaishnava-Sahajiya" class="mw-redirect" title="Vaishnava-Sahajiya">Sahajiya</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Baul" title="Baul">Baul</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pushtimarg" class="mw-redirect" title="Pushtimarg">Pushtimarg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gaudiya_Vaishnavism" title="Gaudiya Vaishnavism">Gaudiya</a> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">ISKCON</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ramanandi" class="mw-redirect" title="Ramanandi">Ramanandi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kapadi" title="Kapadi">Kapadi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Balmikism" title="Balmikism">Balmiki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kabir_panth" title="Kabir panth">Kabir panth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dadu_Dayal" title="Dadu Dayal">Dadu panth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mahanam_Sampraday" class="mw-redirect" title="Mahanam Sampraday">Mahanam</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Vaishnavism" title="Template:Vaishnavism"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Vaishnavism" title="Template talk:Vaishnavism"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Vaishnavism" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Vaishnavism"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>International Society for Krishna Consciousness</b> (<b>ISKCON</b>), commonly referred to as the <b>Hare Krishna movement</b>, is a <a href="/wiki/Gaudiya_Vaishnavism" title="Gaudiya Vaishnavism">Gaudiya Vaishnava</a> <a href="/wiki/List_of_Hindu_organisations" title="List of Hindu organisations">Hindu religious organization</a>. It was founded by <a href="/wiki/A._C._Bhaktivedanta_Swami_Prabhupada" title="A. C. Bhaktivedanta Swami Prabhupada">A. C. Bhaktivedanta Swami Prabhupada</a><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> on 13 July 1966 in New York City. ISKCON's main headquarters is in <a href="/wiki/Mayapur" title="Mayapur">Mayapur</a>, <a href="/wiki/West_Bengal" title="West Bengal">West Bengal</a>, <a href="/wiki/India" title="India">India</a> and it claims approximately 1 million members globally. </p><p>ISKCON members practice a distinct form of monotheistic Hinduism, grounded in <a href="/wiki/Hindu_texts" title="Hindu texts">Hindu scriptures</a> and especially guided by A.C. Bhaktivedanta Swami Prabhupada's <a href="/wiki/Bhagavad-G%C4%ABt%C4%81_As_It_Is" title="Bhagavad-Gītā As It Is">commentary and translation</a> of the <i><a href="/wiki/Bhagavad_Gita" title="Bhagavad Gita">Bhagavad Gita</a></i> and <i><a href="/wiki/Bhagavata_Purana" title="Bhagavata Purana">Bhagavata Purana</a></i>. Described as “the largest and arguably most important branch” of the Gaudiya Vaishnava tradition,<sup id="cite_ref-Bryant_2004_34_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bryant_2004_34-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> ISKCON traces its roots in India to the early 16th century and expanded to gain followers in America, Europe, and Africa from the mid-to-late 20th century.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Hare Krishna movement advocates for <a href="/wiki/Lacto_vegetarianism" title="Lacto vegetarianism">lacto-vegetarianism</a> and was initially founded to promote <a href="/wiki/Bhakti_yoga" title="Bhakti yoga">bhakti yoga</a>. Followers, known as bhaktas, dedicate their thoughts and actions to devotion toward <a href="/wiki/Krishna" title="Krishna">Krishna</a>, whom they honor as the <a href="/wiki/Svayam_Bhagavan" title="Svayam Bhagavan">Supreme Personality of Godhead</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Guy_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Guy-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History_and_belief">History and belief</h2></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information: <a href="/wiki/Achintya_Bheda_Abheda" title="Achintya Bheda Abheda">Achintya Bheda Abheda</a> and <a href="/wiki/Gaudiya_Vaishnavism" title="Gaudiya Vaishnavism">Gaudiya Vaishnavism</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Panca-tattva_Altar.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/Panca-tattva_Altar.jpg/220px-Panca-tattva_Altar.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="158" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/Panca-tattva_Altar.jpg/330px-Panca-tattva_Altar.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/Panca-tattva_Altar.jpg/440px-Panca-tattva_Altar.jpg 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="430" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Pancha_Tattva_(Vaishnavism)" title="Pancha Tattva (Vaishnavism)">Pancha-Tattva</a> deities: <a href="/wiki/Chaitanya_Mahaprabhu" title="Chaitanya Mahaprabhu">Chaitanya Mahaprabhu</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nityananda" title="Nityananda">Nityananda</a>, <a href="/wiki/Advaita_Acharya" title="Advaita Acharya">Advaita Acharya</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gadadhara" class="mw-redirect" title="Gadadhara">Gadadhara</a> and <a href="/wiki/Srivasa" class="mw-redirect" title="Srivasa">Srivasa</a>, installed in a Gaudiya Vaishnava temple</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Navaratri_Bajan.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Navaratri_Bajan.jpg/220px-Navaratri_Bajan.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="135" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Navaratri_Bajan.jpg/330px-Navaratri_Bajan.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Navaratri_Bajan.jpg/440px-Navaratri_Bajan.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="492" /></a><figcaption>ISKCON's <i><a href="/wiki/Bhajan" title="Bhajan">Bhajan</a></i> during <a href="/wiki/Navratri" class="mw-redirect" title="Navratri">Navratri</a> Golu at <a href="/wiki/Coimbatore" title="Coimbatore">Coimbatore</a>, Tamil Nadu, India</figcaption></figure> <p>ISKCON devotees follow a disciplic line of Gaudiya Vaishnavas and are the largest branch of <a href="/wiki/Gaudiya_Vaishnavism" title="Gaudiya Vaishnavism">Gaudiya Vaishnavism</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Bryant_2004_34_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bryant_2004_34-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <i><a href="/wiki/Vaishnavism" title="Vaishnavism">Vaishnavism</a></i> means 'worship of <a href="/wiki/Vishnu" title="Vishnu">Vishnu</a>', and <i><a href="/wiki/Gau%E1%B8%8Da_(region)" title="Gauḍa (region)">Gauḍa</a></i> refers to the area where this particular branch of Vaishnavism originated, in the Gauda region of <a href="/wiki/West_Bengal" title="West Bengal">West Bengal</a> and <a href="/wiki/Bangladesh" title="Bangladesh">Bangladesh</a>. Gaudiya Vaishnavism has had a following in India, especially <a href="/wiki/West_Bengal" title="West Bengal">West Bengal</a> and <a href="/wiki/Odisha" title="Odisha">Odisha</a>, for the past five hundred years. Gaudiya Vaishnavism was founded by <a href="/wiki/Chaitanya_Mahaprabhu" title="Chaitanya Mahaprabhu">Chaitanya Mahaprabhu</a>, who rapidly spread his form of ecstatic <i><a href="/wiki/Bhakti" title="Bhakti">bhakti</a></i> (devotion) throughout Bengal. He established <a href="/wiki/Kirtan" title="Kirtan">Sankirtan</a>, the practice of publicly expressing devotion to Krishna, the Supreme God, through dance and song. This form of communal worship responded to rigid <a href="/wiki/Caste" title="Caste">caste</a> structures by engaging all people in worship regardless of caste and creed. Sri Chaitanya Mahaprabhu emphasized chanting the <a href="/wiki/Hare_Krishna_(mantra)" title="Hare Krishna (mantra)">Hare Krishna Mahamantra</a> (the 'great mantra'). He is considered by Gaudiya Vaishnavas to be an incarnation of Krishna himself.<sup id="cite_ref-:02_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:02-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:1_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Bhaktivedanta Swami Prabhupada, believed to have direct lineage with Chaitanya Mahaprabhu, brought Chaitanya's Gaudiya Vaishnavism to the <a href="/wiki/Western_world" title="Western world">West</a> in 1965.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> At 70 years old, he landed in New York with only 40 rupees of Indian currency. Instead of preaching to New York's elite, he tapped into the 1960s countercultural spirit by preaching and chanting in public parks and attracting <a href="/wiki/Hippies" class="mw-redirect" title="Hippies">hippies</a> and the youth. His movement, then known as the "Hare Krishna Movement", grew even larger when he relocated to San Francisco a year later.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> When it spread to England, it gained publicity and financial backing from the Beatles' <a href="/wiki/George_Harrison" title="George Harrison">George Harrison</a>. He recorded several tracks with the Hare Krishnas and included the Mahamantra in his hit track "My Sweet Lord".<sup id="cite_ref-:2_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The first Hare Krishna commune, <a href="/wiki/New_Vrindaban,_West_Virginia" class="mw-redirect" title="New Vrindaban, West Virginia">New Vrindavan</a> (West Virginia), was established by Prabhupada in 1968.<sup id="cite_ref-:02_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:02-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Since then, ISKCON has established more than 800 centers all over the world and has millions of followers.<sup id="cite_ref-:2_9-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Key to the spread of Gaudiya Vaishnava theology in the Western world were Prabhupada's writings and translations,<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> including the <i><a href="/wiki/Bhagavad_Gita_As_It_Is" class="mw-redirect" title="Bhagavad Gita As It Is">Bhagavad Gita As It Is</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Srimad_Bhagavatam" class="mw-redirect" title="Srimad Bhagavatam">Srimad Bhagavatam</a></i> (<i>Bhagavata Purana</i>), <i><a href="/wiki/Chaitanya_Charitamrita" title="Chaitanya Charitamrita">Chaitanya Charitamrita</a></i>, and other scriptures. These works are now available in more than seventy languages and serve as the scriptures of ISKCON.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Singular_worship_of_Krishna">Singular worship of Krishna</h2></div> <p>ISKCON describes Krishna as the original source of all the <a href="/wiki/Avatars" class="mw-redirect" title="Avatars">avatars</a> of the Almighty God.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Registered members worship Krishna as the highest form of God, <i><a href="/wiki/Svayam_bhagavan" class="mw-redirect" title="Svayam bhagavan">svayam bhagavan</a></i>, and often refer to him as <i>the Supreme Personality of Godhead</i> in their published writing, which was a phrase coined by Prabhupada in his books on the subject. </p><p>For its devotees, <a href="/wiki/Radha" title="Radha">Radha</a> represents Krishna's divine female counterpart, the original spiritual potency, and the embodiment of devotional love. The individual soul has an eternal spiritual identity which does not ultimately merge into the non-dual consciousness (Brahman) as believed by the <a href="/wiki/Monistic" class="mw-redirect" title="Monistic">monistic</a> (<a href="/wiki/Advaita" class="mw-redirect" title="Advaita">Advaita</a>) schools of Hinduism. Prabhupada most frequently offers <i><a href="/wiki/Sanatana-dharma" class="mw-redirect" title="Sanatana-dharma">Sanatana-dharma</a></i> and <i><a href="/wiki/Varnashrama_dharma" class="mw-redirect" title="Varnashrama dharma">Varnashrama dharma</a></i> as more accurate names for the religious system which accepts <a href="/wiki/Vedic" class="mw-redirect" title="Vedic">Vedic</a> authority.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Pious believers both teach and claim that <a href="/wiki/Krishna" title="Krishna">Krishna</a> is greater and far magnanimous than the traditionalist Hindu <a href="/wiki/Trimurti" title="Trimurti">Trimurti</a> of <a href="/wiki/Vishnu" title="Vishnu">Vishnu</a>, <a href="/wiki/Shiva" title="Shiva">Shiva</a> and <a href="/wiki/Brahma" title="Brahma">Brahma</a> and all its conceived emanations. It is a <a href="/wiki/Monotheism" title="Monotheism">monotheistic</a> tradition which has its roots in the theistic <a href="/wiki/Vedanta" title="Vedanta">Vedanta</a> traditions.<sup id="cite_ref-Ency_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ency-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Religious_practices">Religious practices</h2></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Lu%C3%A7ay-le-Male_Temple_New_Mayapur_%C3%A0_Ch%C3%A2teau_d%27Oublaise_Innen_Salle_a_Pri%C3%A8re_Srila_Prabhupada_2.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Lu%C3%A7ay-le-Male_Temple_New_Mayapur_%C3%A0_Ch%C3%A2teau_d%27Oublaise_Innen_Salle_a_Pri%C3%A8re_Srila_Prabhupada_2.jpg/220px-Lu%C3%A7ay-le-Male_Temple_New_Mayapur_%C3%A0_Ch%C3%A2teau_d%27Oublaise_Innen_Salle_a_Pri%C3%A8re_Srila_Prabhupada_2.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="293" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Lu%C3%A7ay-le-Male_Temple_New_Mayapur_%C3%A0_Ch%C3%A2teau_d%27Oublaise_Innen_Salle_a_Pri%C3%A8re_Srila_Prabhupada_2.jpg/330px-Lu%C3%A7ay-le-Male_Temple_New_Mayapur_%C3%A0_Ch%C3%A2teau_d%27Oublaise_Innen_Salle_a_Pri%C3%A8re_Srila_Prabhupada_2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Lu%C3%A7ay-le-Male_Temple_New_Mayapur_%C3%A0_Ch%C3%A2teau_d%27Oublaise_Innen_Salle_a_Pri%C3%A8re_Srila_Prabhupada_2.jpg/440px-Lu%C3%A7ay-le-Male_Temple_New_Mayapur_%C3%A0_Ch%C3%A2teau_d%27Oublaise_Innen_Salle_a_Pri%C3%A8re_Srila_Prabhupada_2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3435" data-file-height="4579" /></a><figcaption>Statue of <a href="/wiki/Prabhupada" class="mw-redirect" title="Prabhupada">Prabhupada</a>, the founder of ISKCON.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:International_Society_of_Krishna_Consciousness_Chariot_Procession.gif" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/13/International_Society_of_Krishna_Consciousness_Chariot_Procession.gif/220px-International_Society_of_Krishna_Consciousness_Chariot_Procession.gif" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/13/International_Society_of_Krishna_Consciousness_Chariot_Procession.gif/330px-International_Society_of_Krishna_Consciousness_Chariot_Procession.gif 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/13/International_Society_of_Krishna_Consciousness_Chariot_Procession.gif/440px-International_Society_of_Krishna_Consciousness_Chariot_Procession.gif 2x" data-file-width="808" data-file-height="606" /></a><figcaption>Hare Krishna <a href="/wiki/Ratha-Yatra" class="mw-redirect" title="Ratha-Yatra">Ratha-Yatra</a> through the streets of Boston, Massachusetts.</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Kirtan">Kirtan</h3></div> <p>The most famous and publicly recognizable ISKCON practice is <a href="/wiki/Kirtan" title="Kirtan">kirtan</a>, a congregational chanting or singing of the Hare Krishna mantra. Kirtan is both a way to express devotion to God and a way to attract newcomers to the movement. Devotees gather in public, in streets and parks, to sing the mantra accompanied by instruments like the <a href="/wiki/Mridanga" class="mw-redirect" title="Mridanga">mridanga</a>, hand cymbals, and the <a href="/wiki/Indian_harmonium" title="Indian harmonium">harmonium</a>. During the 1970s, ISKCON entered the public eye because of this practice. Devotees would sing, distribute books, and proselytize in airports and other public areas, often obtrusively. Sankirtan continues throughout the world today, but in a less confrontational manner.<sup id="cite_ref-:4_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:4-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Japa">Japa</h3></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Japa" title="Japa">Japa</a> is another important religious practice within ISKCON and Gaudiya Vaishnavism. It is the meditative practice of repeatedly chanting the names of Krishna on a set of prayer beads. Its believers chant a mantra: </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1244412712">.mw-parser-output .templatequote{overflow:hidden;margin:1em 0;padding:0 32px}.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{line-height:1.5em;text-align:left;margin-top:0}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{padding-left:1.6em}}</style><blockquote class="templatequote"><p>Hare Krishna Hare Krishna <br />Krishna Krishna Hare Hare <br /> Hare Rama Hare Rama <br />Rama Rama Hare Hare</p></blockquote> <p>This mantra is repeated 108 times on the bead. Devotees usually chant 16 rounds of this everyday.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It is considered the only way of salvation for people in the current age of <a href="/wiki/Kali_Yuga" title="Kali Yuga">Kali</a>. Prabhupada established a standard for initiated devotees to chant sixteen rounds of the Hare Krishna Mahamantra on a <a href="/wiki/Japamala" title="Japamala">Japamala</a> containing 108 beads, daily.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Each round consists of 1728 repetitions of the names of Krishna.<sup id="cite_ref-:3_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:3-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Arati">Arati</h3></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Arati" class="mw-redirect" title="Arati">Arati</a> is also an important tenet (also called <a href="/wiki/Puja_(Hinduism)" title="Puja (Hinduism)">puja</a>) of ISKCON. During arati, devotees offer water, incense, a fire lamp, and flowers to a <a href="/wiki/Murti" title="Murti">murti</a>, a sacred statue or image of Krishna. This is accompanied by prayers and devotional songs called <a href="/wiki/Bhajan" title="Bhajan">bhajans</a>. Practitioners may perform <i>arati</i> at their own home or congregate at a temple to join in the ceremony. Along with this worship, devotees will bathe the murti, dress it, offer it food, and even put it to sleep. By doing arati and serving the murti, devotees aim to deepen their relationship with Krishna.<sup id="cite_ref-:4_15-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:4-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>ISKCON devotees meet regularly (typically on Sunday at a program known as the Sunday Feast)<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> to worship deities, listen to discourses by senior devotees, participate in kirtan and eat sanctified offered food <a href="/wiki/Prasada" title="Prasada">prasadam</a>. Devotees place great emphasis on listening to spiritual discourses, believing them to be a key role in spiritual advancement.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Four_Regulative_Principles">Four Regulative Principles</h3></div> <p>During initiation (<a href="/wiki/Diksha" title="Diksha">diksha</a>) ISKCON devotees vow to follow four basic rules and regulations.<sup id="cite_ref-:4_15-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:4-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul><li>The consumption of only <a href="/wiki/Lacto-vegetarian" class="mw-redirect" title="Lacto-vegetarian">lacto-vegetarian</a> diet (abstinence from meat, fish, eggs).</li> <li>Prohibition against consuming any intoxicants (i.e., onion, garlic, coffee, caffeinated drinks, tea, tobacco cigarettes, drugs and alcohol)</li> <li>Prohibition against <a href="/wiki/Gambling" title="Gambling">gambling</a></li> <li>Prohibition against draining sexual energy by engaging in 'illicit sexual activity and relationships' outside of marriage.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Celebrated_festivals">Celebrated festivals</h3></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Hare_Krishna_in_Moscow_H9202_C.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/Hare_Krishna_in_Moscow_H9202_C.JPG/220px-Hare_Krishna_in_Moscow_H9202_C.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="166" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/Hare_Krishna_in_Moscow_H9202_C.JPG/330px-Hare_Krishna_in_Moscow_H9202_C.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/Hare_Krishna_in_Moscow_H9202_C.JPG/440px-Hare_Krishna_in_Moscow_H9202_C.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2272" data-file-height="1712" /></a><figcaption>Hare Krishna street show on <a href="/wiki/Arbat_Street" title="Arbat Street">Arbat Street</a> in <a href="/wiki/Moscow" title="Moscow">Moscow</a>, Russia, 2009</figcaption></figure> <p>Besides weekly gatherings, devotees within the ISKCON movement celebrate a diverse array of Hindu festivals, including <a href="/wiki/Krishna_Janmashtami" title="Krishna Janmashtami">Janmashtami</a>, <a href="/wiki/Radhastami" class="mw-redirect" title="Radhastami">Radhastami</a>, <a href="/wiki/Diwali" title="Diwali">Diwali</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gaura_Purnima" title="Gaura Purnima">Gaura Purnima</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ekadashi" title="Ekadashi">Ekadasi</a>, <a href="/wiki/Holi" title="Holi">Holi</a>, <a href="/wiki/Rama_Navami" title="Rama Navami">Rama Navami</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Gita_Jayanti" class="mw-redirect" title="Gita Jayanti">Gita Jayanti</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Ratha Yatra <a href="/wiki/Festival_of_Chariots" title="Festival of Chariots">Festival of Chariots</a> is an annual parade whereby devotees chant and dance on the street, pulling a chariot with the deities of Jagannatha, Balabhadra, and Subhadra behind them. This public procession is typically followed by performances and free vegetarian food.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Public_preaching">Public preaching</h3></div> <p>ISKCON advocates preaching.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Members try to spread Krishna consciousness primarily by singing the <a href="/wiki/Hare_Krishna_(mantra)" title="Hare Krishna (mantra)">Hare Krishna mantra</a> in public places and by selling Indian spiritual books transcribed from their original languages and published in English by the movement's founder, Prabhupada.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>A study conducted by the American researcher E. Burke Rochford Jr. at the <a href="/wiki/University_of_California" title="University of California">University of California</a> found that there are four types of contact between those in ISKCON and prospective members: individually motivated contact, contact made with members in public areas, contact made through personal connections, and contact with sympathizers of the movement who strongly encourage people to join.<sup id="cite_ref-Hare_Krishna_Movement_25-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Hare_Krishna_Movement-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Organizational_management">Organizational management</h2></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Governing_Body_Commission_(GBC)._Commissioners_during_a_conference_in_Prabhupadadesh,_Italy,_2003..jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Governing_Body_Commission_%28GBC%29._Commissioners_during_a_conference_in_Prabhupadadesh%2C_Italy%2C_2003..jpg/220px-Governing_Body_Commission_%28GBC%29._Commissioners_during_a_conference_in_Prabhupadadesh%2C_Italy%2C_2003..jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="114" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Governing_Body_Commission_%28GBC%29._Commissioners_during_a_conference_in_Prabhupadadesh%2C_Italy%2C_2003..jpg/330px-Governing_Body_Commission_%28GBC%29._Commissioners_during_a_conference_in_Prabhupadadesh%2C_Italy%2C_2003..jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Governing_Body_Commission_%28GBC%29._Commissioners_during_a_conference_in_Prabhupadadesh%2C_Italy%2C_2003..jpg/440px-Governing_Body_Commission_%28GBC%29._Commissioners_during_a_conference_in_Prabhupadadesh%2C_Italy%2C_2003..jpg 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="311" /></a><figcaption>Photo of GBC commissioners during a conference in Prabhupadadesh, Italy, 2003.</figcaption></figure> <p>Prabhupada spent much of the last decade of his life setting up the institution of ISKCON.<sup id="cite_ref-Das1982_26-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Das1982-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Governing Body Commission (or GBC) is the managerial authority of ISKCON. Created by Bhaktivedanta in 1970, it meets annually.<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In a document <i>Direction of Management</i> written on 28 July 1970 <a href="/wiki/Prabhupada" class="mw-redirect" title="Prabhupada">Prabhupada</a> appointed twelve members to the commission, all of them non-<a href="/wiki/Sannyasi" class="mw-redirect" title="Sannyasi">sannyasi</a>, including <a href="/wiki/Satsvarupa_dasa_Goswami" title="Satsvarupa dasa Goswami">Satsvarupa dasa Goswami</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hansadutta_Swami" title="Hansadutta Swami">Hansadutta Swami</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Tamala_Krishna_Goswami" class="mw-redirect" title="Tamala Krishna Goswami">Tamala Krishna Goswami</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Das1982_26-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Das1982-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The letter outlined the purposes of the commission: improving the standard of temple management, the spread of Krishna consciousness, the distribution of books and literature, the opening of new centers and the education of the devotees. GBC has since grown in size to include 48 senior members from the movement who make decisions based on <a href="/wiki/Consensus_decision-making" title="Consensus decision-making">consensus</a> of opinion.<sup id="cite_ref-Das1982_26-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Das1982-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Shortly after establishing the GBC, Prabhupada asked his newly appointed leaders to renounce the everyday world and become <i><a href="/wiki/Sannyasa" title="Sannyasa">sannyasis</a></i> (renunciate monks), indicating that those who set policy would not be involved with financial dealings. However, after Prabhupada's death some GBC members adopted lavish lifestyles. A number of schisms tested the notion of the supreme authority of the GBC. Some of these scandals involved GBC members <a href="/wiki/Hansadutta_Swami" title="Hansadutta Swami">Hans Kary</a> (Hansadutta) and <a href="/wiki/James_Immel" class="mw-redirect" title="James Immel">James Immel</a> (Jayatirtha), as well as one of the leaders of the <a href="/wiki/New_Vrindaban" title="New Vrindaban">New Vrindaban</a> community, <a href="/wiki/Kirtanananda_Swami" title="Kirtanananda Swami">Keith Ham</a> (Kirtanananda), who surrounded himself with opulence and declared himself the only true successor to Prabhupada.<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1982, the GBC began the slow process of adding new gurus to the original eleven. In 1983 the GBC was announced to be the highest ecclesiastical authority of ISKCON.<sup id="cite_ref-Bromley_31-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bromley-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1985 the decision was made to lower the standard of living for ISKCON leadership. After much heated discussion, the GBC decided to "relieve" a number of leaders and new leaders were selected. The young leaders of the GBC sought the advice of one of Prabhupada's Gaudiya godbrothers, and endeavored to become more integrated in the broader <a href="/wiki/Hindu" class="mw-redirect" title="Hindu">Hindu</a> community.<sup id="cite_ref-Bromley_31-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bromley-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>After years of discussion and reforms, a general consensus emerged to accept women as leaders in ISKCON, overriding the former GBC supposition that "unprotected, 'women leaders become subject to various forms of mistreatment and abuse'". In 1998, Malati Devi Dasi became the first woman appointed to the GBC.<sup id="cite_ref-RochfordWomen_32-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-RochfordWomen-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The second woman leader, Dina Sharana, was selected in 2009.<sup id="cite_ref-Women_in_ISKCON_33-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Women_in_ISKCON-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Succession_of_teachings">Succession of teachings</h3></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/ISKCON_guru_system" title="ISKCON guru system">ISKCON guru system</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Japa_mala_(prayer_beads)_of_Tulasi_wood_with_108_beads_-_20040101-01.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Japa_mala_%28prayer_beads%29_of_Tulasi_wood_with_108_beads_-_20040101-01.jpg/220px-Japa_mala_%28prayer_beads%29_of_Tulasi_wood_with_108_beads_-_20040101-01.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Japa_mala_%28prayer_beads%29_of_Tulasi_wood_with_108_beads_-_20040101-01.jpg/330px-Japa_mala_%28prayer_beads%29_of_Tulasi_wood_with_108_beads_-_20040101-01.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Japa_mala_%28prayer_beads%29_of_Tulasi_wood_with_108_beads_-_20040101-01.jpg/440px-Japa_mala_%28prayer_beads%29_of_Tulasi_wood_with_108_beads_-_20040101-01.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="600" /></a><figcaption>Chanting beads, normally of <a href="/wiki/Ocimum_tenuiflorum" title="Ocimum tenuiflorum">tulsi</a> wood given by an ISKCON guru at the initiation to an <a href="/wiki/ISKCON" class="mw-redirect" title="ISKCON">ISKCON</a> devotee</figcaption></figure> <p>Prabhupada claimed to belong to the traditional system of <i><a href="/wiki/Parampara" class="mw-redirect" title="Parampara">paramparā</a></i>, or disciplic succession, in which teachings upheld by scriptures are handed down from master to disciple, generation after generation.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (April 2024)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Women's_roles"><span id="Women.27s_roles"></span>Women's roles</h3></div> <p>Women's roles are a controversial issue within ISKCON, and its members have strongly divergent opinions regarding the interpretation of Prabhupada's teachings on gender roles.<sup id="cite_ref-:6_34-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:6-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> While some of its leaders advocate that women should take public leadership roles,<sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> other leaders disagree, and maintain that "traditional" roles for women are more appropriate. Concerns have been expressed regarding the perceived potential for adverse effects stemming from <a href="/wiki/Feminism" title="Feminism">feminist</a> ideals infiltrating the regulations of ISKCON.<sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Since <a href="/wiki/Women_in_Hinduism" title="Women in Hinduism">women</a> are the most respected position in Vedic culture, women within the Hare Krishna community are all viewed with reverence, especially by celibate male monks, also known as <i><a href="/wiki/Brahmacharis" class="mw-redirect" title="Brahmacharis">brahmacharis</a></i>. "Mataji" (lit. Mother) is a term of respect for women in ISKCON, and is often prefixed to the Sanskrit name they receive in initiation. Unmarried women are also referred to in this term.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_37-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Malati_Dasi_in_Mayapur_2011.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Malati_Dasi_in_Mayapur_2011.jpg/220px-Malati_Dasi_in_Mayapur_2011.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="299" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Malati_Dasi_in_Mayapur_2011.jpg/330px-Malati_Dasi_in_Mayapur_2011.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Malati_Dasi_in_Mayapur_2011.jpg/440px-Malati_Dasi_in_Mayapur_2011.jpg 2x" data-file-width="551" data-file-height="750" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Malati_Dasi" title="Malati Dasi">Malati Devi Dasi</a> is the first woman appointed to the ISKCON Governing Body Commission (GBC)</figcaption></figure> <p>After years of discussion and reforms, a general consensus emerged to accept women as leaders and initiators in ISKCON. In 1998, <a href="/wiki/Malati_Dasi" title="Malati Dasi">Malati Devi Dasi</a> became the first woman appointed to the GBC.<sup id="cite_ref-RochfordWomen_32-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-RochfordWomen-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The second woman leader, Dina Sharana, was selected in 2009.<sup id="cite_ref-women_38-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-women-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>A document released by the GBC in 2019 stating that it was permissible for women to become initiating gurus within the ISKCON movement.<sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Office_for_Child_Protection">Office for Child Protection</h3></div> <p>In 1998, ISKCON published an exposé of widespread physical, emotional and sexual abuse of children in the group's boarding schools in the United States and India in the 1970s and 1980s. The report stated that the monks and young devotees caring for the children had no training in the task and often resented having to perform it. At a meeting in 1996, former young members testified that they had been regularly beaten at school, denied medical care, and sexually molested and raped.<sup id="cite_ref-nytimes.com_40-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nytimes.com-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2002, a suit for $900<span class="nowrap"> </span>million was filed in Texas State Court by alleged victims of abuse in ISKCON boarding schools.<sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-nytimes.com_40-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nytimes.com-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> ISKCON later filed for <a href="/wiki/Chapter_11_bankruptcy_protection" class="mw-redirect" title="Chapter 11 bankruptcy protection">Chapter 11 bankruptcy protection</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The eventual 2008 settlement in what became known as the Turley Case was $15<span class="nowrap"> </span>million.<sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The <i>ISKCON Central Office of Child Protection</i> department office was established by the GBC in 1997. It released its first official Child Protection Policy and Procedure Guidelines. The CPO has provided Child Protection Information Training to over 500 child care providers within the organization internationally and continues to file and review reports on local Child Protection Teams in 2005. The Child Protection Policy and Procedure Guidelines were revised and ratified by the GBC in June 2018.<sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Kirtan_and_musical_influence">Kirtan and musical influence</h2></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Hare_Krishna_in_Helsinki_C_IMG_8105.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/Hare_Krishna_in_Helsinki_C_IMG_8105.JPG/220px-Hare_Krishna_in_Helsinki_C_IMG_8105.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="148" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/Hare_Krishna_in_Helsinki_C_IMG_8105.JPG/330px-Hare_Krishna_in_Helsinki_C_IMG_8105.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/Hare_Krishna_in_Helsinki_C_IMG_8105.JPG/440px-Hare_Krishna_in_Helsinki_C_IMG_8105.JPG 2x" data-file-width="3294" data-file-height="2219" /></a><figcaption>Hare Krishna devotees singing at the <a href="/wiki/Esplanadi_Park" class="mw-redirect" title="Esplanadi Park">Esplanadi Park</a> in <a href="/wiki/Helsinki" title="Helsinki">Helsinki, Finland</a> in August 2014</figcaption></figure> <p>The practice of mantra chanting and devotional singing, also known as <a href="/wiki/Kirtan" title="Kirtan">Kirtan</a>, is prominent in the ISKCON movement. Dedicated kirtan festivals are held annually around the world, such as the Sadhu Sanga Retreat in Boone, North Carolina,<sup id="cite_ref-45" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Kirtan 50<sup id="cite_ref-46" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> in Dallas, Texas, and Radhadesh Mellows, in Durbuy, Belgium. Notable <i>kirtaneers</i> include <a href="/wiki/Jahnavi_Harrison" title="Jahnavi Harrison">Jahnavi Harrison</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gaura_Vani_%26_As_Kindred_Spirits" title="Gaura Vani & As Kindred Spirits">Gaura Vani</a>, and the Mayapuris,<sup id="cite_ref-47" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> who have all released Kirtan albums. Kirtan sessions are also held outside of temple settings, including at a local university "Bhakti Clubs", mantra lounges, and at a yoga and wellness festivals.<sup id="cite_ref-48" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Full theatrical performances have been produced based on the Vedic theologies. Prominent performance companies include Viva Kultura<sup id="cite_ref-49" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and Vande Arts.<sup id="cite_ref-50" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:The_Head,_ISKCON,_Shri_Gopal_Krishna_Goswami_Maharaja_calls_on_the_Prime_Minister,_Shri_Narendra_Modi,_in_New_Delhi_on_March_18,_2016.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/46/The_Head%2C_ISKCON%2C_Shri_Gopal_Krishna_Goswami_Maharaja_calls_on_the_Prime_Minister%2C_Shri_Narendra_Modi%2C_in_New_Delhi_on_March_18%2C_2016.jpg/220px-The_Head%2C_ISKCON%2C_Shri_Gopal_Krishna_Goswami_Maharaja_calls_on_the_Prime_Minister%2C_Shri_Narendra_Modi%2C_in_New_Delhi_on_March_18%2C_2016.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="190" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/46/The_Head%2C_ISKCON%2C_Shri_Gopal_Krishna_Goswami_Maharaja_calls_on_the_Prime_Minister%2C_Shri_Narendra_Modi%2C_in_New_Delhi_on_March_18%2C_2016.jpg/330px-The_Head%2C_ISKCON%2C_Shri_Gopal_Krishna_Goswami_Maharaja_calls_on_the_Prime_Minister%2C_Shri_Narendra_Modi%2C_in_New_Delhi_on_March_18%2C_2016.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/46/The_Head%2C_ISKCON%2C_Shri_Gopal_Krishna_Goswami_Maharaja_calls_on_the_Prime_Minister%2C_Shri_Narendra_Modi%2C_in_New_Delhi_on_March_18%2C_2016.jpg/440px-The_Head%2C_ISKCON%2C_Shri_Gopal_Krishna_Goswami_Maharaja_calls_on_the_Prime_Minister%2C_Shri_Narendra_Modi%2C_in_New_Delhi_on_March_18%2C_2016.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2200" data-file-height="1897" /></a><figcaption>The Head, ISKCON, Shri Gopal Krishna Goswami Maharaja calls on India's Prime Minister, <a href="/wiki/Narendra_Modi" title="Narendra Modi">Narendra Modi</a>, in <a href="/wiki/New_Delhi" title="New Delhi">New Delhi</a> on March 18, 2016.</figcaption></figure> <p>The Hare Krishna mantra appears in some famous songs, such as former <a href="/wiki/Beatle" class="mw-redirect" title="Beatle">Beatle</a> <a href="/wiki/George_Harrison" title="George Harrison">George Harrison</a>'s 1970 hit "<a href="/wiki/My_Sweet_Lord" title="My Sweet Lord">My Sweet Lord</a>".<sup id="cite_ref-51" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-52" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/John_Lennon" title="John Lennon">John Lennon</a> included the phrase "Hare Krishna" in his lyrics to "<a href="/wiki/Give_Peace_a_Chance" title="Give Peace a Chance">Give Peace a Chance</a>" and the Beatles' 1967 track "<a href="/wiki/I_Am_the_Walrus" title="I Am the Walrus">I Am the Walrus</a>". The backing vocalists also sing the phrase in <a href="/wiki/Ringo_Starr" title="Ringo Starr">Ringo Starr</a>'s 1971 hit "<a href="/wiki/It_Don%27t_Come_Easy" title="It Don't Come Easy">It Don't Come Easy</a>", written with the help of Harrison, although the words were mixed low on the released version.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESpizer2005294_53-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESpizer2005294-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Of the four Beatles, only Harrison fully embraced Krishna Consciousness. He also provided financial support for ISKCON's UK branch and in 1973 purchased <a href="/wiki/Bhaktivedanta_Manor" title="Bhaktivedanta Manor">Bhaktivedanta Manor</a> for their temple compound.<sup id="cite_ref-54" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Harrison enjoyed a warm friendship with Prabhupada,<sup id="cite_ref-55" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-56" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> who provided the inspiration for Harrison songs such as "<a href="/wiki/Living_in_the_Material_World_(song)" title="Living in the Material World (song)">Living in the Material World</a>".<sup id="cite_ref-57" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In the 1980s, underground <a href="/wiki/New_York_City" title="New York City">New York City</a> <a href="/wiki/Hardcore_punk" title="Hardcore punk">hardcore punk</a> band the <a href="/wiki/Cro-Mags" title="Cro-Mags">Cro-Mags</a> included Hare Krishna members and made references to Krishna Consciousness. By the early 1990s, an entire <a href="/wiki/Underground_music" title="Underground music">underground</a> <a href="/wiki/Krishnacore" title="Krishnacore">Krishnacore</a> subgenre was established with other <a href="/wiki/New_York_hardcore" title="New York hardcore">New York hardcore</a> bands like <a href="/wiki/Shelter_(band)" title="Shelter (band)">Shelter</a> and <a href="/wiki/108_(band)" title="108 (band)">108</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-58" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2020, <a href="/wiki/Willow_Smith" title="Willow Smith">Willow Smith</a> and <a href="/wiki/Jahnavi_Harrison" title="Jahnavi Harrison">Jahnavi Harrison</a> collaborated on the song "Surrender (Krishna Keshava"), and the album "RISE",<sup id="cite_ref-auto_59-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-60" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-60"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> featuring ancient sacred songs from India with <a href="/wiki/Sanskrit" title="Sanskrit">Sanskrit</a> lyrics.<sup id="cite_ref-61" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-61"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>61<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Vegetarianism">Vegetarianism</h2></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Vegetarianism" title="Vegetarianism">Vegetarianism</a> is one of the four tenets of ISKCON.<sup id="cite_ref-:3_18-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:3-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Due to Prabhupada's focus on food distribution, many ISKCON devotees have opened vegan and vegetarian eateries.<sup id="cite_ref-62" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-62"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Not all restaurants opened by ISKCON members are officially affiliated with ISKCON, although many Govindas' restaurants or catering businesses operate out of the main temple center.<sup id="cite_ref-63" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-63"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>63<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The ISKCON followers refer to their diet as 'Krishnatarian'. According to them "A Krishnatarian meal is one which is cooked using fresh, vegetarian ingredients (excluding onion, garlic, red lentils and mushrooms) and milk products which is cooked by an Iskcon follower and offered to their main deities before it is distributed and consumed."<sup id="cite_ref-64" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-64"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>64<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Demographics">Demographics</h2></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:FeriaCulturasAmigas07.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/FeriaCulturasAmigas07.JPG/220px-FeriaCulturasAmigas07.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/FeriaCulturasAmigas07.JPG/330px-FeriaCulturasAmigas07.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/FeriaCulturasAmigas07.JPG/440px-FeriaCulturasAmigas07.JPG 2x" data-file-width="6016" data-file-height="4000" /></a><figcaption>Hare Krishna musicians in <a href="/wiki/Mexico_City" title="Mexico City">Mexico City</a></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:2011._%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BB_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%8C_%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B0_%D0%94%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%BA%D0%B0_227.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2b/2011._%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BB_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%8C_%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B0_%D0%94%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%BA%D0%B0_227.jpg/220px-2011._%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BB_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%8C_%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B0_%D0%94%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%BA%D0%B0_227.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2b/2011._%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BB_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%8C_%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B0_%D0%94%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%BA%D0%B0_227.jpg/330px-2011._%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BB_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%8C_%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B0_%D0%94%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%BA%D0%B0_227.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2b/2011._%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BB_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%8C_%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B0_%D0%94%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%BA%D0%B0_227.jpg/440px-2011._%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BB_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%8C_%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B0_%D0%94%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%BA%D0%B0_227.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3216" data-file-height="2136" /></a><figcaption>Hare Krishna street show in <a href="/wiki/Donetsk" title="Donetsk">Donetsk</a>, Ukraine, 2011</figcaption></figure> <p>ISKCON claims to have around one million congregational members worldwide (majority in India), with 15,000 in <a href="/wiki/Great_Britain" title="Great Britain">Great Britain</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:5_65-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:5-65"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>65<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In the West it "has a relatively small number of followers", estimated at "a few thousand full-time practitioners", but those showing interest in its activities might number into the "tens of thousands."<sup id="cite_ref-66" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-66"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>66<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>After considerable success in the West due to the <a href="/wiki/Counterculture_of_the_1960s" title="Counterculture of the 1960s">counterculture of the 1960s</a>, ISKCON lost its momentum from the early 1980s onward, "facing a sharp decline in membership and in financial resources" in North America and in Western Europe, while in the late 1990s the situation began to deteriorate in Eastern Europe as well. In 2000, it was estimated that only 750–900 members were residing in ISKCON centers in the United States. Since then, ISKCON has depended on the <a href="/wiki/Indian_diaspora" title="Indian diaspora">Indian diaspora</a> to "revitalize" the movement; in most North American congregations Indian members making up 80% of the numbers.<sup id="cite_ref-67" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-67"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>67<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Criticism_and_controversies">Criticism and controversies</h2></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1251242444">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki 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.ambox .mbox-empty-cell,.mw-parser-output .compact-ambox .hide-when-compact{display:none}</style><table class="box-Multiple_issues plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-multiple_issues compact-ambox" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/b4/Ambox_important.svg/40px-Ambox_important.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/b4/Ambox_important.svg/60px-Ambox_important.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/b4/Ambox_important.svg/80px-Ambox_important.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="40" data-file-height="40" /></span></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span"><div class="multiple-issues-text mw-collapsible"><b>This section has multiple issues.</b> Please help <b><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/International_Society_for_Krishna_Consciousness" title="Special:EditPage/International Society for Krishna Consciousness">improve it</a></b> or discuss these issues on the <b><a href="/wiki/Talk:International_Society_for_Krishna_Consciousness" title="Talk:International Society for Krishna Consciousness">talk page</a></b>. <small><i>(<a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove these messages</a>)</i></small> <div class="mw-collapsible-content"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1251242444"><table class="box-Prose plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-style ambox-Prose" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f2/Edit-clear.svg/40px-Edit-clear.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f2/Edit-clear.svg/60px-Edit-clear.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f2/Edit-clear.svg/80px-Edit-clear.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="48" data-file-height="48" /></span></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This section <b>is in <a href="/wiki/MOS:LIST" class="mw-redirect" title="MOS:LIST">list</a> format but may read better as <a href="/wiki/MOS:PROSE" class="mw-redirect" title="MOS:PROSE">prose</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> You can help by <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=International_Society_for_Krishna_Consciousness&action=edit">converting this section</a>, if appropriate. <a href="/wiki/Help:Editing" title="Help:Editing">Editing help</a> is available.</span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">October 2024</span>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1251242444"><table class="box-Criticism_section plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-criticism" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span class="skin-invert-image" typeof="mw:File"><span><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Unbalanced_scales.svg/45px-Unbalanced_scales.svg.png" decoding="async" width="45" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Unbalanced_scales.svg/68px-Unbalanced_scales.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Unbalanced_scales.svg/90px-Unbalanced_scales.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="400" data-file-height="354" /></span></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This article's <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Criticism#Avoid_sections_and_articles_focusing_on_criticisms_or_controversies" title="Wikipedia:Criticism">"criticism" or "controversy" section</a> <b>may compromise the article's <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Neutral_point_of_view#Article_structure" title="Wikipedia:Neutral point of view">neutrality</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help rewrite or integrate negative information to other sections <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Consensus" title="Wikipedia:Consensus">through discussion</a> on the <a href="/wiki/Talk:International_Society_for_Krishna_Consciousness" title="Talk:International Society for Krishna Consciousness">talk page</a>.</span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">October 2024</span>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> </div> </div><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>ISKCON has experienced a number of significant internal problems, the majority of which occurred from the late 1970s onwards, and especially within the decade following Bhaktivedanta Swami Prabhupada's death.<sup id="cite_ref-68" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-68"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>68<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> ISKCON has also been scrutinised by some <a href="/wiki/Anti-cult_movement" title="Anti-cult movement">anti-cult movements</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Knott2000_69-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Knott2000-69"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>69<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-70" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-70"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>70<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="In_USA">In USA</h3></div> <ul><li>In a 1976 case, <i>People v. Murphy</i>, a grand jury indicted Iskcon, Inc. and the president of an ISKCON temple for the crime of unlawful imprisonment in the first degree. Although the parents of two Hare Krishna members claimed ISKCON had allegedly imprisoned their children through brainwashing, Justice John J. Leahy dismissed the criminal indictments on the basis that the two members had freely followed the tenets of their chosen faith. The case was decided on the basis of the <a href="/wiki/First_Amendment_to_the_United_States_Constitution" title="First Amendment to the United States Constitution">First Amendment</a> upholding freedom of religion, namely that "'[T]he Hare Krishna religion is a <a href="/wiki/Bona_fide" class="mw-redirect" title="Bona fide">bona fide</a> religion with roots in India that go back thousands of years."<sup id="cite_ref-71" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-71"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>71<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-72" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-72"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>72<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>In a 1984 case, <i>George v. International Society for Krishna Consciousness of California</i>, a lawsuit led to lengthy appeals resulting in a mixed judgment.<sup id="cite_ref-73" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-73"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>73<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Marcia and Robin George, a mother and daughter, accused ISKCON of kidnapping Robin via brainwashing and later lying to her parents about her whereabouts. They sued ISKCON for false imprisonment, intentional infliction of emotional distress, libel, and the wrongful death of Robin's father based on stress caused by the alleged circumstances. A California state appellate court dismissed Robin's claims for false imprisonment and intentional infliction of emotional distress on the basis that she was not brainwashed, but rather was "a bright and gifted high school student of above-average intelligence and maturity" who was "capable of consenting" to her travels with her purported kidnappers. On the other hand, the same appellate court affirmed the jury verdicts holding ISKCON liable for intentional infliction of emotional distress against Marcia and wrongful death because the defendants had deliberately lied to Robin's parents about her location while actively assisting Robin in her travels. The court also dismissed Robin's libel claim while affirming the jury verdict of libel in favor of Marcia.<sup id="cite_ref-74" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-74"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>74<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kirtanananda_Swami" title="Kirtanananda Swami">Kirtanananda Swami</a>, or Swami Bhaktipada, a leader of ISKCON, was expelled from the organisation in 1987 for various deviations.<sup id="cite_ref-75" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-75"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>75<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He was the leader of <a href="/wiki/New_Vrindaban,_West_Virginia" class="mw-redirect" title="New Vrindaban, West Virginia">New Vrindaban</a>, the largest and most famous Hare Krishna community in the United States at that time.<sup id="cite_ref-76" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-76"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>76<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1996, Kirtanananda pleaded guilty to one count of <a href="/wiki/Racket_(crime)" class="mw-redirect" title="Racket (crime)">racketeering</a> and after serving 8 years of a 20-year prison sentence was subsequently released in 2004. Previously, in 1991, the jury had found him guilty of racketeering and mail fraud. These convictions were later overturned on appeal, only to result in the later retrial.<sup id="cite_ref-77" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-77"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>77<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-78" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-78"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>78<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-79" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-79"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>79<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="In_India">In India</h3></div> <ul><li>In the 1990s, ISKCON faced accusations of <a href="/wiki/Child_abuse" title="Child abuse">child abuse</a>, and its leaders acknowledged physical, emotional and sexual abuse of children who were sent to live in the rural communities' boarding schools in the United States and India in the 1970s and 1980s.<sup id="cite_ref-80" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-80"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>80<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-nytabuse_81-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nytabuse-81"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>81<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Sociologist of religion E. Burke Rochford argues that a culture of abuse in ISKCON schools arose in part because of renunciant leaders' subtle denigration of the value of householders and children.<sup id="cite_ref-:6_34-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:6-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Several safety regulations and subcommittees, such as ISKCON Resolve and the ISKCON Child Protection Office, have been developed since these allegations to ensure that the legal rights, as well as the health and safety of devotees, are protected.<sup id="cite_ref-82" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-82"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>82<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="In_Bangladesh">In Bangladesh</h3></div> <ul><li>Amit Saha, who was given life imprisonment for the <a href="/wiki/Murder_of_Abrar_Fahad" title="Murder of Abrar Fahad">murder of Abrar Fahad</a>, was a member of the organisation.<sup id="cite_ref-83" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-83"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>83<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-84" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-84"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>84<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-85" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-85"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>85<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>On 5 November 2024, <a href="/wiki/2024_Chittagong_unrest" class="mw-redirect" title="2024 Chittagong unrest">clashes</a> were reported in <a href="/wiki/Chattogram,_Bangladesh" class="mw-redirect" title="Chattogram, Bangladesh">Chattogram, Bangladesh</a> between members of <a href="/wiki/ISKCON" class="mw-redirect" title="ISKCON">ISKCON</a> and Bangladeshi law enforcement, including the <a href="/wiki/Bangladesh_Police" title="Bangladesh Police">police</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bangladesh_Army" title="Bangladesh Army">army</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Border_Guard_Bangladesh" title="Border Guard Bangladesh">border guards</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-86" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-86"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>86<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The unrest began following a Facebook post by Osman Ali, a local shop owner, calling for a ban on ISKCON. In response, a group of ISKCON supporters allegedly attacked Osman's shop with the intent to harm him.<sup id="cite_ref-87" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-87"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>87<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br />Law enforcement intervened to rescue Osman Ali and his brother from the agitated crowd.<sup id="cite_ref-88" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-88"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>88<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> During the operation, the crowd allegedly turned on security forces, throwing bricks and <a href="/wiki/Acid" title="Acid">acid</a> while chanting "<a href="/wiki/Jai_Shree_Ram" class="mw-redirect" title="Jai Shree Ram">Jai Shree Ram</a>."<sup id="cite_ref-tbsnews.net_89-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-tbsnews.net-89"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>89<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The violence resulted in injuries to nine police officers and five army personnel. Osman's shop was destroyed, and neighboring businesses were damaged.<sup id="cite_ref-90" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-90"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>90<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br />In the aftermath, 82 individuals were arrested, with 49 facing formal charges. Osman Ali was also detained under <a href="/wiki/Blasphemy_law_in_Bangladesh" title="Blasphemy law in Bangladesh">blasphemy laws</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-tbsnews.net_89-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-tbsnews.net-89"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>89<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <ul><li>On 26 November 2024, <a href="/wiki/Saiful_Islam_Alif" class="mw-redirect" title="Saiful Islam Alif">Saiful Islam Alif</a>, a lawyer at the Chattogram Metropolitan Magistrate Court, was killed<sup id="cite_ref-91" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-91"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>91<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> during a clash between security forces and protesters demanding the release of Hindu leader Chinmoy Krishna Das.<sup id="cite_ref-92" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-92"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>92<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-93" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-93"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>93<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-94" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-94"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>94<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br />According to eyewitness Kayes Uddin Didar, "advocate Alif was at the entrance of Rangan Community Center. He was taken from there and was hacked to death."<sup id="cite_ref-95" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-95"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>95<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Senior lawyer Nurul Mostafa Sohel stated that "Alif went to the spot after being informed about an attack on a mosque. He was taken from there and was hacked dead."<br />The violence began when protesters obstructed a prison van carrying the former ISKCON leader Chinmoy Krishna Das Brahmachari, demanding his release.<sup id="cite_ref-96" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-96"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>96<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-97" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-97"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>97<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-98" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-98"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>98<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br />According to Chittagong Metropolitan Police Commissioner Hasib Aziz, demonstrators threw bricks at the police, prompting officers to use tear gas and sound grenades in an attempt to disperse the crowd. This escalation occurred as tensions rose during the protests.<sup id="cite_ref-99" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-99"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>99<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In retaliation, the protesters attacked nearby establishments, mosques and lawyers' vehicles.<sup id="cite_ref-100" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-100"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>100<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-101" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-101"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>101<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-102" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-102"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>102<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br />Among those linked to Saiful Islam Alif's death is Shuvo Kanti Das, alleged to be an active member of ISKCON and associated with the banned terrorist organization <a href="/wiki/Bangladesh_Chhatra_League" title="Bangladesh Chhatra League">Bangladesh Chhatra League</a>, student wing of the political party, <a href="/wiki/Bangladesh_Awami_League" class="mw-redirect" title="Bangladesh Awami League">Bangladesh Awami League</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-103" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-103"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>103<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-104" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-104"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>104<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Along with him around 30 suspects were detained in connection with the incident.<sup id="cite_ref-105" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-105"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>105<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-106" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-106"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>106<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-107" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-107"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>107<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Persecutions">Persecutions</h2></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1251242444"><table class="box-Prose plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-style ambox-Prose" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f2/Edit-clear.svg/40px-Edit-clear.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f2/Edit-clear.svg/60px-Edit-clear.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f2/Edit-clear.svg/80px-Edit-clear.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="48" data-file-height="48" /></span></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This section <b>is in <a href="/wiki/MOS:LIST" class="mw-redirect" title="MOS:LIST">list</a> format but may read better as <a href="/wiki/MOS:PROSE" class="mw-redirect" title="MOS:PROSE">prose</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> You can help by <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=International_Society_for_Krishna_Consciousness&action=edit">converting this section</a>, if appropriate. <a href="/wiki/Help:Editing" title="Help:Editing">Editing help</a> is available.</span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">October 2024</span>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>In the last several decades, there have been multiple counts of violent actions taken against ISKCON that have resulted in the deaths of many, including devotees of ISKCON. </p><p>On January 21, 1974, two firebombs were tossed into the Hare Krishna temple in Knoxville, Tennessee. Allen Bruce North, a twenty-two year old member of the movement, died of his injuries (burns over 80% of his body) several days later at St. Mary's Hospital with his parents, Mr. and Mrs. William North, by his side. Winfield Dunn, the then governor of Tennessee, offered a $2000 reward for information leading to the arrest and conviction of those responsible. In August 2006, a bomb blast struck the ISKCON temple in Imphal in <a href="/wiki/Manipur" title="Manipur">Manipur</a>, India while the temple was full of worshipers. Five devotees were killed and a further 50 were injured, among them being the chief priest. The director-general of the police announced that, after an investigation, they believed that the attack was carried out by two suspects, but their names were not released to the public.<sup id="cite_ref-108" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-108"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>108<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-109" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-109"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>109<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The next year, in 2007, the <a href="/wiki/Hinduism_in_Kazakhstan" title="Hinduism in Kazakhstan">Kazakhstan</a> government authorities demolished 25 homes belonging to the ISKCON members in Sri Vrindavan Dham commune in Almaty, on the grounds that they were illegal constructions. ISKCON argued that they were victims of religious persecution and the government maintains that it was purely related to property rights.<sup id="cite_ref-110" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-110"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>110<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2009, an orphanage run by the ISKCON Chittagong (Sri Sri Radha Madhava <a href="/wiki/Hindu_temple" title="Hindu temple">Mandir</a>) in Bangladesh was attacked in an incident linked to an internal feud between two groups within the organization. The group vandalized furniture and a statue in the orphanage and beat the devotees of other group. They also tried to take control of the temple and the orphanage. Despite the violence that was perpetrated, there was immense support by the surrounding community after the attack.<sup id="cite_ref-111" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-111"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>111<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2015, the ISKCON Temple, Dinajpur in Bangladesh was attacked by <a href="/wiki/Jamaat-ul-Mujahideen_Bangladesh" title="Jamaat-ul-Mujahideen Bangladesh">Jamaat-ul-Mujahideen Bangladesh</a> terrorists. The terrorists set off hand bombs and then opened fire on those in attendance. At least two people were injured in the attack and both were transported to a nearby hospital to receive treatment.<sup id="cite_ref-112" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-112"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>112<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-113" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-113"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>113<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2016, the ISKCON Sylhet in Bangladesh was attacked by Muslims and at least ten people were injured in that attack.<sup id="cite_ref-114" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-114"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>114<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-115" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-115"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>115<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2018, the gate of the ISKCON Temple in Curitiba, <a href="/wiki/Hinduism_in_Brazil" title="Hinduism in Brazil">Brazil</a> was targeted by unknown perpetrators. The painting of Krishna with his mother <a href="/wiki/Yashoda" title="Yashoda">Yashoda</a> was defaced.<sup id="cite_ref-116" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-116"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>116<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In that same year. <a href="/wiki/Rath_yatra" class="mw-redirect" title="Rath yatra">Rath Yatra</a> organized by ISKCON Dhaka in Bangladesh was attacked by an unknown group of people, leaving six devotees injured.<sup id="cite_ref-117" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-117"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>117<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2020, an <a href="/wiki/Ansar_al-Islam_(Bangladesh)" class="mw-redirect" title="Ansar al-Islam (Bangladesh)">Ansar al-Islam</a> group planned an attack on the ISKCON Temple Dhaka but police arrested them.<sup id="cite_ref-118" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-118"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>118<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> An ISKCON temple ended up being attacked by a Muslim mob during <a href="/wiki/Navami" title="Navami">Navami</a>, which fell on October 15 of 2021. The Muslim mob <a href="/wiki/2021_Bangladesh_communal_violence#Noakhali" class="mw-redirect" title="2021 Bangladesh communal violence">attacked</a> the ISKCON temple that was located in <a href="/wiki/Noakhali" class="mw-redirect" title="Noakhali">Noakhali</a>, Bangladesh. The results these attacks ended up in the deaths of two devotees.<sup id="cite_ref-119" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-119"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>119<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-120" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-120"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>120<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-121" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-121"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>121<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-122" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-122"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>122<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In early August 2024, <a href="/wiki/2024_Bangladesh_anti-Hindu_violence" title="2024 Bangladesh anti-Hindu violence">violence targeting Hindu minorities</a> in Bangladesh led to the burning of the ISKCON temple in Meherpur and a 200-year-old Kali temple in Noakhali. Incidents of burning of properties belonging to Hindu people have also been reported.<sup id="cite_ref-123" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-123"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>123<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-124" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-124"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>124<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-125" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-125"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>125<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In November 2024, Osman Ali, a local trader in Hazari Lane, Chittagong, allegedly labeled ISKCON a "terrorist group" in a controversial Facebook post.<sup id="cite_ref-126" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-126"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>126<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-127" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-127"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>127<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This post sparked outrage among the Hindu community, particularly in Hazari Lane area, leading to <a href="/wiki/Hazari_Lane_violence" title="Hazari Lane violence">communal clashes</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-128" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-128"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>128<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In response, joint police and military forces conducted operations in the region, resulting in the arrest of nearly 100 suspects involved in the violence.<sup id="cite_ref-th836_129-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-th836-129"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>129<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On the same month, ISKCON temple Sri Sri Hare Krishna Namhatta Sangha was attacked. 3 leaders of the banned terrorist organization <a href="/wiki/Bangladesh_Chhatra_League" title="Bangladesh Chhatra League">Bangladesh Chhatra League</a> were behind this attack.<sup id="cite_ref-130" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-130"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>130<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Centers_worldwide">Centers worldwide</h2></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="India">India</h3></div> <p>India has the highest density of ISKCON centers in the world, with over 800 temples, 12 state-recognized educational institutions, 25 affiliated and non-affiliated restaurants, and a number of tourist and pilgrimage hotels.<sup id="cite_ref-131" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-131"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>131<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> ISKCON India disciples are more conservative than the ISKCON disciples in the west.<sup id="cite_ref-132" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-132"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>132<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Mayapur_Chandrodaya_Mandir_of_the_Vedic_Planetarium,_Mayapur"><span id="Mayapur_Chandrodaya_Mandir_of_the_Vedic_Planetarium.2C_Mayapur"></span>Mayapur Chandrodaya Mandir of the Vedic Planetarium, Mayapur</h4></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Chandroday_mandir_uc_side_view.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Chandroday_mandir_uc_side_view.jpg/220px-Chandroday_mandir_uc_side_view.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Chandroday_mandir_uc_side_view.jpg/330px-Chandroday_mandir_uc_side_view.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Chandroday_mandir_uc_side_view.jpg/440px-Chandroday_mandir_uc_side_view.jpg 2x" data-file-width="716" data-file-height="536" /></a><figcaption>The ISKCON Temple of the Vedic Planetarium at Mayapur, under construction.</figcaption></figure> <p>Set to be completed in 2024, the <a href="/wiki/Mayapur_Chandrodaya_Mandir" class="mw-redirect" title="Mayapur Chandrodaya Mandir">Temple of the Vedic Planetarium, Mayapur</a> in West Bengal is built in the birthplace of <a href="/wiki/Chaitanya_Mahaprabhu" title="Chaitanya Mahaprabhu">Sri Chaitanya Mahaprabhu</a>, the founder of the Gaudiya-Vaishnava lineage of Hinduism. The temple itself currently sits at 425,000 square feet (39,500 m<sup>2</sup>) and is 340 feet (100 m) tall, and is surrounded by accompanying lodges, shops, residences, educational centers, and gardens. The project cost an estimated $75<span class="nowrap"> </span>million, with its major investor being Alfred B. Ford, the great-grandson of <a href="/wiki/Henry_Ford" title="Henry Ford">Henry Ford</a>. The complex has a planetarium based on Vedic cosmology and exhibitions about the Vedic arts, sciences, and culture as described in the <a href="/wiki/Srimad_Bhagavatam" class="mw-redirect" title="Srimad Bhagavatam">Srimad Bhagavatam</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-133" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-133"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>133<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Sri_Krishna-Balaram_Mandir,_Vrindavan"><span id="Sri_Krishna-Balaram_Mandir.2C_Vrindavan"></span>Sri Krishna-Balaram Mandir, Vrindavan</h4></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:ISKON_TEMPLE_1.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/ISKON_TEMPLE_1.jpg/220px-ISKON_TEMPLE_1.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/ISKON_TEMPLE_1.jpg/330px-ISKON_TEMPLE_1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/ISKON_TEMPLE_1.jpg/440px-ISKON_TEMPLE_1.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4320" data-file-height="3240" /></a><figcaption>Sri Krishna-Balaram Mandir, Vrindavan.</figcaption></figure> <p>Located in the Raman Reti area of <a href="/wiki/Vrindavan" title="Vrindavan">Vrindavan</a>, Uttar Pradesh, the Sri <a href="/wiki/Krishna_Balaram_Mandir" class="mw-redirect" title="Krishna Balaram Mandir">Krishna Balaram Mandir</a> temple was built in the original village where the spiritual figures Krishna and Balarama are said to have resided in the Vedic period of Indian history. It is built in close proximity to other holy sites such as the village of Gokul, <a href="/wiki/Govardhana_Hill" class="mw-redirect" title="Govardhana Hill">Govardhana Hill</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Mathura" title="Mathura">Mathura</a> palace, and various holy lakes. As a result, ISKCON Vrindavan is a common pilgrimage site for followers of the Krishna Conscious movement. The complex is home to a guesthouse, a museum, gift shops, a restaurant, a bakery, a broadcast studio as well as a marble temple hall.<sup id="cite_ref-134" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-134"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>134<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The temple is also affiliated with the Vrindavan Institute of Higher Education.<sup id="cite_ref-135" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-135"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>135<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Sri_Sri_Radha-Rasabihari_Mandir,_Raipur"><span id="Sri_Sri_Radha-Rasabihari_Mandir.2C_Raipur"></span>Sri Sri Radha-Rasabihari Mandir, Raipur</h4></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Radha-Rasabihari_Jhumar.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Radha-Rasabihari_Jhumar.jpg/220px-Radha-Rasabihari_Jhumar.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="293" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Radha-Rasabihari_Jhumar.jpg/330px-Radha-Rasabihari_Jhumar.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/04/Radha-Rasabihari_Jhumar.jpg 2x" data-file-width="432" data-file-height="576" /></a><figcaption>Decoration at <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.iskconraipur.org">Sri Sri Radha-Rasabihari Mandir</a> in Raipur, Chhattisgarh</figcaption></figure> <p>Inaugurated in August 2024, the <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.iskconraipur.org">Sri Sri Radha Rasabihari Mandir</a> in <a href="/wiki/Raipur" title="Raipur">Raipur</a>, <a href="/wiki/Chhattisgarh" title="Chhattisgarh">Chhattisgarh</a> sets new records as the largest temple in Raipur. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Vrindavan_Chandrodaya_Mandir">Vrindavan Chandrodaya Mandir</h4></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Vrindavan_Chandrodaya_Mandir" class="mw-redirect" title="Vrindavan Chandrodaya Mandir">Vrindavan Chandrodaya Mandir</a></div> <p>In March 2014, the Vrindavan Chandrodaya Mandir temple project was inaugurated,<sup id="cite_ref-136" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-136"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>136<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and on 16 November 2014, the foundation stone of the temple was laid. Overseen by ISKCON Bangalore, the Vrindavan Chandrodaya Mandir temple building is currently under construction.<sup id="cite_ref-137" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-137"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>137<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Dates_and_numbers#Chronological_items" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Dates and numbers"><span title="The date of the event predicted near this tag has passed. (October 2023)">needs update</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Radha_Parthasarathi_Mandir,_New_Delhi"><span id="Radha_Parthasarathi_Mandir.2C_New_Delhi"></span>Radha Parthasarathi Mandir, New Delhi</h4></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:A_photograph_from_ISKCON_Radha_Parthasarathi_Mandir,_New_Delhi.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/A_photograph_from_ISKCON_Radha_Parthasarathi_Mandir%2C_New_Delhi.jpg/220px-A_photograph_from_ISKCON_Radha_Parthasarathi_Mandir%2C_New_Delhi.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/A_photograph_from_ISKCON_Radha_Parthasarathi_Mandir%2C_New_Delhi.jpg/330px-A_photograph_from_ISKCON_Radha_Parthasarathi_Mandir%2C_New_Delhi.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/A_photograph_from_ISKCON_Radha_Parthasarathi_Mandir%2C_New_Delhi.jpg/440px-A_photograph_from_ISKCON_Radha_Parthasarathi_Mandir%2C_New_Delhi.jpg 2x" data-file-width="12000" data-file-height="9000" /></a><figcaption>Sculpture of Krishna at ISKCON East of Kailash, New Delhi</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:ISKCON_temple,_Delhi_at_Janamashtami.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/ISKCON_temple%2C_Delhi_at_Janamashtami.jpg/220px-ISKCON_temple%2C_Delhi_at_Janamashtami.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="157" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/ISKCON_temple%2C_Delhi_at_Janamashtami.jpg/330px-ISKCON_temple%2C_Delhi_at_Janamashtami.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/ISKCON_temple%2C_Delhi_at_Janamashtami.jpg/440px-ISKCON_temple%2C_Delhi_at_Janamashtami.jpg 2x" data-file-width="604" data-file-height="431" /></a><figcaption>The ISKCON Temple in New Delhi.</figcaption></figure> <p>The <a href="/wiki/ISKCON_Temple,_Delhi" title="ISKCON Temple, Delhi">Sri Sri Radha Parthasarathi Mandir</a> temple complex houses the Glory of India Vedic Cultural center, which is a set of interactive educational exhibits, as well as the world's largest printed religious book, known as the "Astounding <a href="/wiki/Bhagavad_Gita" title="Bhagavad Gita">Bhagavad Gita</a>".<sup id="cite_ref-138" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-138"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>138<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It is located in <a href="/wiki/East_of_Kailash" title="East of Kailash">East of Kailash</a> in <a href="/wiki/South_Delhi" class="mw-redirect" title="South Delhi">South Delhi</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Radha_Krishna_Mandir,_Chennai"><span id="Radha_Krishna_Mandir.2C_Chennai"></span>Radha Krishna Mandir, Chennai</h4></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:ISKCON-Temple-Chennai-3.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/ISKCON-Temple-Chennai-3.JPG/220px-ISKCON-Temple-Chennai-3.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/ISKCON-Temple-Chennai-3.JPG/330px-ISKCON-Temple-Chennai-3.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/ISKCON-Temple-Chennai-3.JPG/440px-ISKCON-Temple-Chennai-3.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2048" data-file-height="1536" /></a><figcaption>The ISKCON Temple Chennai, established 2012.</figcaption></figure> <p>The <a href="/wiki/ISKCON_Temple_Chennai" class="mw-redirect" title="ISKCON Temple Chennai">Chennai temple</a> is located on the <a href="/wiki/East_Coast_Road" title="East Coast Road">East Coast Road</a> in southern part of the city. Built on 1.5 acres (0.61 ha) of land and consecrated in 2012, the temple is the largest Radha Krishna temple in <a href="/wiki/Tamil_Nadu" title="Tamil Nadu">Tamil Nadu</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-TheHindu_ConsecrationOfTemple_139-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-TheHindu_ConsecrationOfTemple-139"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>139<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Sri_Gaura_Radha_Gukulananda_Temple,_Salem"><span id="Sri_Gaura_Radha_Gukulananda_Temple.2C_Salem"></span>Sri Gaura Radha Gukulananda Temple, Salem</h4></div> <p>The ISKCON Salem temple, also known as the Sri Gaura Radha Gukulananda Temple of Vedic Knowledge and Culture, is located on Hare Krishna Land, Karuppur, <a href="/wiki/Salem,_Tamil_Nadu" title="Salem, Tamil Nadu">Salem</a>. Built on 4.5 acres (1.8 ha) of land, the temple is one of the Radha Krishna temple in Tamil Nadu. It was formally inaugurated in October 2019.<sup id="cite_ref-140" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-140"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>140<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Radha_Madhav_Sundar_Mandir,_Siliguri"><span id="Radha_Madhav_Sundar_Mandir.2C_Siliguri"></span>Radha Madhav Sundar Mandir, Siliguri</h4></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:ISKCON_Temple,_Siliguri,_West_Bengal,_India_(2019).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/ISKCON_Temple%2C_Siliguri%2C_West_Bengal%2C_India_%282019%29.jpg/220px-ISKCON_Temple%2C_Siliguri%2C_West_Bengal%2C_India_%282019%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="122" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/ISKCON_Temple%2C_Siliguri%2C_West_Bengal%2C_India_%282019%29.jpg/330px-ISKCON_Temple%2C_Siliguri%2C_West_Bengal%2C_India_%282019%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/ISKCON_Temple%2C_Siliguri%2C_West_Bengal%2C_India_%282019%29.jpg/440px-ISKCON_Temple%2C_Siliguri%2C_West_Bengal%2C_India_%282019%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1080" data-file-height="597" /></a><figcaption>One of the ISKCON temples in West Bengal—Sri Sri Radha Madhav Sundar Mandir, Siliguri.</figcaption></figure> <p>Sri Sri Radha Madhav Sundar Mandir is located at <a href="/wiki/Siliguri" title="Siliguri">Siliguri</a>, West Bengal<sup id="cite_ref-141" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-141"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>141<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and known as Gupta Nabadweep Dham. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Nepal">Nepal</h3></div> <p>ISKCON Temple Nepal or ISKCON Nepal is located in <a href="/wiki/Kathmandu" title="Kathmandu">Kathmandu</a>. The geographic coordinates of ISKCON Nepal are 27.784062° or (27°47'2.62") of North and 85.356938° or (85°21'24.98") of East. It is on the lap of Shivapuri Mountain where the Holy <a href="/wiki/Bishnumati_River" class="mw-redirect" title="Bishnumati River">Bishnumati River</a> flows. </p><p>In this temple, the <a href="/wiki/Deities" class="mw-redirect" title="Deities">Deities</a> of Sri Sri Radha Govinda Hari (<a href="/wiki/Radha" title="Radha">Radha</a> and <a href="/wiki/Krishna" title="Krishna">Krishna</a>), <a href="/wiki/Jagannath" title="Jagannath">Jagannath</a>, <a href="/wiki/Balarama" title="Balarama">Baladeva</a>, <a href="/wiki/Subhadra" title="Subhadra">Subhadra</a>, Gaur <a href="/wiki/Nityananda" title="Nityananda">Nitai</a>, <a href="/wiki/Narasimha" title="Narasimha">Narasimha</a> are worshiped. ISKCON Nepal celebrates Jagannath Rath Yatra every year.<sup id="cite_ref-142" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-142"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>142<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-143" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-143"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>143<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-144" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-144"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>144<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-145" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-145"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>145<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-146" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-146"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>146<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-147" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-147"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>147<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-148" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-148"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>148<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-149" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-149"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>149<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As per a 2018 estimate, over 5000 devotees participate in the ratha yatra from across the globe.<sup id="cite_ref-150" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-150"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>150<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-151" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-151"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>151<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Europe">Europe</h3></div> <p>There are over 135 ISKCON-affiliated temples and cultural centers in Europe. The ISKCON movement in Europe is home to a number of rural and farming communities, including Nueva Vrajamandala in Spain,<sup id="cite_ref-152" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-152"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>152<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> La Nouvelle Mayapura in France, and Villa Vrindavan<sup id="cite_ref-153" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-153"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>153<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> in Italy. </p><p>There are also 31 additional centers in Russia, as Vaishnava Hinduism represents one of the largest denominations of faith in the country.<sup id="cite_ref-154" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-154"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>154<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Radhadesh,_Belgium"><span id="Radhadesh.2C_Belgium"></span>Radhadesh, Belgium</h4></div><p> The <a href="/w/index.php?title=Radhadesh&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Radhadesh (page does not exist)">Radhadesh temple</a> in Durbuy, Belgium, is home to Bhaktivedanta College, which opened in 2002 to provide ministerial and spiritual education for students, offering degrees and certificates online and on-campus in <a href="/wiki/Vaishnavism" title="Vaishnavism">Vaishnava</a> theology externally validated by the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Chester" title="University of Chester">University of Chester</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-155" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-155"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>155<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p><figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Bhakivedanta_college1.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/Bhakivedanta_college1.jpg/220px-Bhakivedanta_college1.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="202" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/Bhakivedanta_college1.jpg/330px-Bhakivedanta_college1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/Bhakivedanta_college1.jpg/440px-Bhakivedanta_college1.jpg 2x" data-file-width="544" data-file-height="500" /></a><figcaption>Bhaktivedanta College in Belgium</figcaption></figure><p>The Radhadesh temple is also home to Radhadesh Mellows, an annual kirtan retreat.<sup id="cite_ref-156" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-156"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>156<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Bhaktivedanta_Manor,_Watford"><span id="Bhaktivedanta_Manor.2C_Watford"></span>Bhaktivedanta Manor, Watford</h4></div> <p>A landscaped property featuring gardens, lakes, a school, farm, numerous temple and housing buildings, accommodations, and a bakery. The property for <a href="/wiki/Bhaktivedanta_Manor" title="Bhaktivedanta Manor">Bhaktivedanta Manor</a> was donated by <a href="/wiki/George_Harrison" title="George Harrison">George Harrison</a> of <a href="/wiki/The_Beatles" title="The Beatles">the Beatles</a> and is on the <a href="/wiki/National_Heritage_List_for_England" title="National Heritage List for England">National Heritage List for England</a>. The houses on the property, including the temple, are built in the mock-Tudor mansion style of the 1800s.<sup id="cite_ref-157" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-157"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>157<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Bhaktivedanta Manor is also home to the London College of Vedic Studies,<sup id="cite_ref-158" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-158"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>158<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and is the birthplace of the <a href="/wiki/Avanti_Schools_Trust" title="Avanti Schools Trust">Avanti Schools Trust</a>, a sponsor of state-funded primary and secondary schools that provides both non-denominational and Hindu-faith education throughout the UK.<sup id="cite_ref-159" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-159"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>159<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Demographically, the majority of devotees in Europe are ethnic Europeans. An exception can be made with the demographics of devotees in the United Kingdom, which caters to the Indian immigrant population, mirroring the demographics of most North American centers.<sup id="cite_ref-160" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-160"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>160<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="North_and_South_America">North and South America</h3></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:2015-09-28_14_28_58_View_of_the_southeast_side_of_the_Radha_Krishna_Temple_in_Spanish_Fork,_Utah.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/2015-09-28_14_28_58_View_of_the_southeast_side_of_the_Radha_Krishna_Temple_in_Spanish_Fork%2C_Utah.jpg/220px-2015-09-28_14_28_58_View_of_the_southeast_side_of_the_Radha_Krishna_Temple_in_Spanish_Fork%2C_Utah.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/2015-09-28_14_28_58_View_of_the_southeast_side_of_the_Radha_Krishna_Temple_in_Spanish_Fork%2C_Utah.jpg/330px-2015-09-28_14_28_58_View_of_the_southeast_side_of_the_Radha_Krishna_Temple_in_Spanish_Fork%2C_Utah.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/2015-09-28_14_28_58_View_of_the_southeast_side_of_the_Radha_Krishna_Temple_in_Spanish_Fork%2C_Utah.jpg/440px-2015-09-28_14_28_58_View_of_the_southeast_side_of_the_Radha_Krishna_Temple_in_Spanish_Fork%2C_Utah.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3264" data-file-height="2448" /></a><figcaption>Sri Sri Radha Krishna Temple in Spanish Fork, view of the southeast side.</figcaption></figure> <p>There are 56 formally affiliated ISKCON centers in the United States.<sup id="cite_ref-161" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-161"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>161<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Notable centers include <a href="/wiki/Sri_Sri_Radha_Krishna_Temple_(Spanish_Fork)" title="Sri Sri Radha Krishna Temple (Spanish Fork)">Sri Sri Radha Krishna Temple (Spanish Fork)</a>, Utah, New Raman Reti in Alachua, FL,<sup id="cite_ref-162" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-162"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>162<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and The Radha Kalachandji Temple in Dallas, TX.<sup id="cite_ref-163" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-163"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>163<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Hare Krishna-affiliated full-time communities include <a href="/wiki/New_Vrindaban,_West_Virginia" class="mw-redirect" title="New Vrindaban, West Virginia">New Vrindaban</a> in West Virginia,<sup id="cite_ref-164" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-164"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>164<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and Gita Nagari Eco Farm and Sanctuary in Pennsylvania.<sup id="cite_ref-165" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-165"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>165<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> There are various other centers in the United States that promote Krishna Conscious culture without being formally affiliated with ISKCON, including The Bhakti Center in New York City.<sup id="cite_ref-166" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-166"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>166<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The ISKCON Dallas temple is affiliated with the nearby TKG Academy,<sup id="cite_ref-167" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-167"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>167<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> which provides private school academic education with additional Vedic-based courses. </p><p>There are 12 ISKCON centers in Canada, including the Vedic Education Centre (ISKCON Brampton) and the self-sustaining Saranagati Eco Village in BC.<sup id="cite_ref-168" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-168"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>168<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> There are 5 formally affiliated ISKCON centers in Mexico. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Fazenda_Nova_Gokula_Templo_Central_Pindamonhangaba_SP_Lateral.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Fazenda_Nova_Gokula_Templo_Central_Pindamonhangaba_SP_Lateral.jpg/220px-Fazenda_Nova_Gokula_Templo_Central_Pindamonhangaba_SP_Lateral.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Fazenda_Nova_Gokula_Templo_Central_Pindamonhangaba_SP_Lateral.jpg/330px-Fazenda_Nova_Gokula_Templo_Central_Pindamonhangaba_SP_Lateral.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Fazenda_Nova_Gokula_Templo_Central_Pindamonhangaba_SP_Lateral.jpg/440px-Fazenda_Nova_Gokula_Templo_Central_Pindamonhangaba_SP_Lateral.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4000" data-file-height="3000" /></a><figcaption>The temple of ISKCON eco-village "Nova Gokula", <a href="/wiki/Pindamonhangaba" title="Pindamonhangaba">Pindamonhangaba</a>, <a href="/wiki/S%C3%A3o_Paulo_(state)" title="São Paulo (state)">São Paulo</a>, Brazil.</figcaption></figure> <p>There are 60 affiliated ISKCON temples in South America, with most congregations located in Argentina and Brazil. There are also a number of devotee-run farming communities throughout Latin America.<sup id="cite_ref-Guerriero_169-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Guerriero-169"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>169<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-170" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-170"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>170<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Most notable is the eco-village "Nova Gokula" at <a href="/wiki/Pindamonhangaba" title="Pindamonhangaba">Pindamonhangaba</a> in the Brazil state of <a href="/wiki/S%C3%A3o_Paulo_(state)" title="São Paulo (state)">São Paulo</a>, founded in 1978, with two temples planning as traditional <a href="/wiki/Hindu_architecture" title="Hindu architecture">Hindu architecture</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGuerriero200152_171-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGuerriero200152-171"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>171<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Asia,_Africa,_and_Australasia"><span id="Asia.2C_Africa.2C_and_Australasia"></span>Asia, Africa, and Australasia</h3></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:New_Dwarikadham_Temple,_Nyali.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/New_Dwarikadham_Temple%2C_Nyali.JPG/220px-New_Dwarikadham_Temple%2C_Nyali.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/New_Dwarikadham_Temple%2C_Nyali.JPG/330px-New_Dwarikadham_Temple%2C_Nyali.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/New_Dwarikadham_Temple%2C_Nyali.JPG/440px-New_Dwarikadham_Temple%2C_Nyali.JPG 2x" data-file-width="4000" data-file-height="3000" /></a><figcaption>The ISKCON Temple in <a href="/wiki/Mombasa" title="Mombasa">Mombasa</a>, Kenya.</figcaption></figure> <p>Asia is home to over 80 ISKCON affiliated centers, with most being located in Indonesia, Malaysia, and the Philippines.<sup id="cite_ref-172" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-172"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>172<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>There are 69 affiliated ISKCON centers in Africa, four of which are rural farming communities and three of which are educational centers.<sup id="cite_ref-173" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-173"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>173<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> ISKCON Durban hosts the world's largest <a href="/wiki/Ratha_Yatra" title="Ratha Yatra">Ratha Yatra</a> Chariot Festival outside of India.<sup id="cite_ref-174" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-174"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>174<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>There are six ISKCON centers, including one farming village in Australia and four temple centers in New Zealand.<sup id="cite_ref-175" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-175"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>175<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Subsidiaries">Subsidiaries</h2></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Bhaktivedanta_Book_Trust">Bhaktivedanta Book Trust</h3></div> <p>Bhaktivedanta Book Trust (BBT) is a <a href="/wiki/Nonprofit_organization" title="Nonprofit organization">nonprofit organization</a>, of ISKCON, and supplies books both to ISKCON and to the book trade in general.<sup id="cite_ref-176" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-176"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>176<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> BBT is the publisher of books on the Gaudiya Vaishnava.<sup id="cite_ref-177" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-177"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>177<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> BBT was established in 1972 by A. C. Bhaktivedanta as the publisher for his books and for books by other authors. It also publishes the magazine <i><a href="/wiki/Back_to_Godhead" title="Back to Godhead">Back to Godhead</a></i> in multiple languages.<sup id="cite_ref-178" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-178"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>178<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Apart from the BBT's work in publishing, it helps finance the construction and renovation of Krishna temples in the Gaudiya Vaishnava holy places like <a href="/wiki/Vrindavan" title="Vrindavan">Vrindavan</a> and <a href="/wiki/Mayapur" title="Mayapur">Mayapur</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Cow_protection_and_ISCOWP">Cow protection and ISCOWP</h3></div> <p>ISCOWP (International Society for Cow Protection) claims to "present alternatives to agricultural and dietary practices that support and depend upon the meat and dairy industries' slaughter of the cow".<sup id="cite_ref-179" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-179"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>179<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="ISKCON_Tribal_Care_Trust">ISKCON Tribal Care Trust</h3></div> <p>ISKCON Tribal Care Trust (ITCT) is an affiliate targeting the tribal people. The trust has set up schools and potable water sources for the tribal people.<sup id="cite_ref-180" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-180"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>180<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:ISKCON_Food_for_life.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c8/ISKCON_Food_for_life.jpg/220px-ISKCON_Food_for_life.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="153" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c8/ISKCON_Food_for_life.jpg/330px-ISKCON_Food_for_life.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c8/ISKCON_Food_for_life.jpg/440px-ISKCON_Food_for_life.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1493" data-file-height="1038" /></a><figcaption>Member of Food for Life Russia giving food.</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Pandava_Sena">Pandava Sena</h3></div> <p>Based out of Bhaktivedanta Manor of Watford UK, Pandava Sena is a youth organization started in 1994. It is composed of professionals and university students that host annual international mentorship and reunion retreats and weekly social gatherings.<sup id="cite_ref-181" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-181"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>181<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Pandava Sena has also established "KCSocs" or "Krishna Conscious Societies" across 30 universities in the UK. Many universities have similar student groups featuring youth from local ISKCON temples.<sup id="cite_ref-182" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-182"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>182<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notable_people">Notable people</h2></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/List_of_International_Society_for_Krishna_Consciousness_members_and_patrons" title="List of International Society for Krishna Consciousness members and patrons">List of International Society for Krishna Consciousness members and patrons</a></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alfred_Ford" title="Alfred Ford">Alfred Ford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Harrison" title="George Harrison">George Harrison</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Poly_Styrene" title="Poly Styrene">Poly Styrene</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russell_Brand" title="Russell Brand">Russell Brand</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hare_Krsna_TV" title="Hare Krsna TV">Hare Krsna TV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hare_Krishna_in_popular_culture" title="Hare Krishna in popular culture">Hare Krishna in popular culture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Krishna_valley" title="Krishna valley">Krishna valley</a>, Hungary</li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_religious_movement" title="New religious movement">New religious movement</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.iskcon.org/about-us/what-is-iskcon.php">"What is ISKCON » Home - ISKCON - the Hare Krishna Movement"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210520032607/https://www.iskcon.org/about-us/what-is-iskcon.php">Archived</a> from the original on 20 May 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">7 September</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=What+is+ISKCON+%C2%BB+Home+-+ISKCON+-+the+Hare+Krishna+Movement&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.iskcon.org%2Fabout-us%2Fwhat-is-iskcon.php&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInternational+Society+for+Krishna+Consciousness" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFGibson2002">Gibson 2002</a>, p. 6</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Bryant_2004_34-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Bryant_2004_34_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Bryant_2004_34_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFBryantEkstrand2004">Bryant & Ekstrand 2004</a>, p. 34</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://hinduism.enacademic.com/150/Bharati,_Baba_Premanand">Bharati, Baba Premanand</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20171001031529/http://hinduism.enacademic.com/150/Bharati%2C_Baba_Premanand">Archived</a> 1 October 2017 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>. Hinduism.enacademic.com. Retrieved on 2013-07-26.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Guy-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Guy_5-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFBeck2005">Beck 2005</a>, p. 39, "According to Orthodox Gaudiya. Krishna's svarupa, or true form manifests in three ways. His svayam-rupa or transcendent form is self-existent, not dependent on anything. His tadekatma rupa is identical in essence to his true form, though it differs in appearance (and would include such forms of Krishna as Narayana and Vasudeva). His avesa form has Krishna appearing though in varying degrees of possession"</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:02-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:02_6-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:02_6-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.religionfacts.com/hare-krishna">"Hare Krishna"</a>. <i>ReligionFacts</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190721210102/http://www.religionfacts.com/hare-krishna">Archived</a> from the original on 21 July 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">24 June</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=ReligionFacts&rft.atitle=Hare+Krishna&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.religionfacts.com%2Fhare-krishna&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInternational+Society+for+Krishna+Consciousness" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:1-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:1_7-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:1_7-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.patheos.com/library/iskcon-hare-krishna/origins/influences">"Influences"</a>. <i>www.patheos.com</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240918042946/https://www.patheos.com/library/iskcon-hare-krishna/origins/influences">Archived</a> from the original on 18 September 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">24 June</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.patheos.com&rft.atitle=Influences&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.patheos.com%2Flibrary%2Fiskcon-hare-krishna%2Forigins%2Finfluences&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInternational+Society+for+Krishna+Consciousness" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGoswami2012" class="citation book cs1">Goswami, Tamal (2012). <i>A Living Theology of Krishna Bhakti: Essential Teachings of A. C. Bhaktivedanta Swami Prabhupada</i>. Oxford University Press. pp. <span class="nowrap">21–</span>37. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780199950423" title="Special:BookSources/9780199950423"><bdi>9780199950423</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=A+Living+Theology+of+Krishna+Bhakti%3A+Essential+Teachings+of+A.+C.+Bhaktivedanta+Swami+Prabhupada&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E21-%3C%2Fspan%3E37&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2012&rft.isbn=9780199950423&rft.aulast=Goswami&rft.aufirst=Tamal&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInternational+Society+for+Krishna+Consciousness" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:2-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:2_9-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:2_9-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDesai" class="citation web cs1">Desai, Ronak D. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.forbes.com/sites/ronakdesai/2016/10/27/iskcon-celebrates-50-years-since-its-founding/">"ISKCON Celebrates 50 Years Since Its Founding"</a>. <i>Forbes</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230429130105/https://www.forbes.com/sites/ronakdesai/2016/10/27/iskcon-celebrates-50-years-since-its-founding/">Archived</a> from the original on 29 April 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">25 June</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Forbes&rft.atitle=ISKCON+Celebrates+50+Years+Since+Its+Founding&rft.aulast=Desai&rft.aufirst=Ronak+D.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.forbes.com%2Fsites%2Fronakdesai%2F2016%2F10%2F27%2Fiskcon-celebrates-50-years-since-its-founding%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInternational+Society+for+Krishna+Consciousness" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">A Hinduism, Page 8, Lynne Gibson, 2002</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://vedabase.io/en/">"Online Vedabase - The topmost source of spiritual knowledge"</a>. <i>vedabase.io</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20060111075741/http://vedabase.net/">Archived</a> from the original on 11 January 2006<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">26 November</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=vedabase.io&rft.atitle=Online+Vedabase+-+The+topmost+source+of+spiritual+knowledge&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fvedabase.io%2Fen%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInternational+Society+for+Krishna+Consciousness" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFGibson2002">Gibson 2002</a>, p. 18</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBrzezinski" class="citation web cs1">Brzezinski, J. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20130629133609/http://content.iskcon.com/icj/6_2/62jagat.html">"Vol 6, No 2 December 1998 ICJ"</a>. www.iskcon.com. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://content.iskcon.com/icj/6_2/62jagat.html">the original</a> on 29 June 2013.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Vol+6%2C+No+2+December+1998+ICJ&rft.pub=www.iskcon.com&rft.aulast=Brzezinski&rft.aufirst=J&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fcontent.iskcon.com%2Ficj%2F6_2%2F62jagat.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInternational+Society+for+Krishna+Consciousness" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Ency-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Ency_14-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLaderman,_Gary2003" class="citation book cs1">Laderman, Gary (2003). "ISKCON". <i>Religion and American Cultures: An Encyclopedia of Traditions, Diversity, and Popular Expressions</i>. Santa Barbara, Calif: ABC-CLIO. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-57607-238-X" title="Special:BookSources/1-57607-238-X"><bdi>1-57607-238-X</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=ISKCON&rft.btitle=Religion+and+American+Cultures%3A+An+Encyclopedia+of+Traditions%2C+Diversity%2C+and+Popular+Expressions&rft.place=Santa+Barbara%2C+Calif&rft.pub=ABC-CLIO&rft.date=2003&rft.isbn=1-57607-238-X&rft.au=Laderman%2C+Gary&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInternational+Society+for+Krishna+Consciousness" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:4-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:4_15-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:4_15-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:4_15-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.patheos.com/library/iskcon-hare-krishna/ritual-worship-devotion-symbolism/rites-and-ceremonies">"Rites and Ceremonies"</a>. <i>www.patheos.com</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">3 August</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.patheos.com&rft.atitle=Rites+and+Ceremonies&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.patheos.com%2Flibrary%2Fiskcon-hare-krishna%2Fritual-worship-devotion-symbolism%2Frites-and-ceremonies&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInternational+Society+for+Krishna+Consciousness" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.iskconbangalore.org/">"Official Website of ISKCON Temple"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20241223173313/https://www.iskconbangalore.org/">Archived</a> from the original on 23 December 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Official+Website+of+ISKCON+Temple&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.iskconbangalore.org%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInternational+Society+for+Krishna+Consciousness" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Hüsken, Ute, and Christiane Brosius, eds. <i>Ritual matters: dynamic dimensions in practice</i>. Routledge, 2010.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:3-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:3_18-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:3_18-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBryant,_Edwin_Francis._Ekstrand,_Maria.2004" class="citation book cs1">Bryant, Edwin Francis. Ekstrand, Maria. (2004). <i>The Hare Krishna movement the postcharismatic fate of a religious transplant</i>. Columbia University Press. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/748865897">748865897</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Hare+Krishna+movement+the+postcharismatic+fate+of+a+religious+transplant&rft.pub=Columbia+University+Press&rft.date=2004&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F748865897&rft.au=Bryant%2C+Edwin+Francis.+Ekstrand%2C+Maria.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInternational+Society+for+Krishna+Consciousness" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_book" title="Template:Cite book">cite book</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_multiple_names:_authors_list" title="Category:CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list">link</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://back2godhead.com/sunday-feast/">"The Hare Krishna Temple Sunday Feast"</a>. <i>Back to Godhead</i>. 31 October 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">4 January</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Back+to+Godhead&rft.atitle=The+Hare+Krishna+Temple+Sunday+Feast&rft.date=2019-10-31&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fback2godhead.com%2Fsunday-feast%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInternational+Society+for+Krishna+Consciousness" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.iskconmysore.org/spiritual-discourses/">"Spiritual Discourses"</a>. <i>Iskcon</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">28 October</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Iskcon&rft.atitle=Spiritual+Discourses&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.iskconmysore.org%2Fspiritual-discourses%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInternational+Society+for+Krishna+Consciousness" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.iskcon.org/activities/festivals.php">"Festivals » Home – ISKCON – The Hare Krishna Movement"</a>. 2 November 2020. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210520032656/https://www.iskcon.org/activities/festivals.php">Archived</a> from the original on 20 May 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">4 January</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Festivals+%C2%BB+Home+%E2%80%93+ISKCON+%E2%80%93+The+Hare+Krishna+Movement&rft.date=2020-11-02&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.iskcon.org%2Factivities%2Ffestivals.php&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInternational+Society+for+Krishna+Consciousness" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140801175825/http://krishna.com/ratha-yatra-festival-chariots">"Ratha-yatra, The Festival of Chariots | Krishna.com"</a>. <i>www.krishna.com</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.krishna.com/ratha-yatra-festival-chariots">the original</a> on 1 August 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">4 January</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.krishna.com&rft.atitle=Ratha-yatra%2C+The+Festival+of+Chariots+%7C+Krishna.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.krishna.com%2Fratha-yatra-festival-chariots&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInternational+Society+for+Krishna+Consciousness" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">ISKON LAWBOOK, Section 4.3, International Society For Krishna Consciousness, <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://krishna.ie/images/docs/2009-10-19-IskconLawBook.pdf">http://krishna.ie/images/docs/2009-10-19-IskconLawBook.pdf</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20181123155425/http://krishna.ie/images/docs/2009-10-19-IskconLawBook.pdf">Archived</a> 23 November 2018 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, Publication 19 October 2009</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Krishna Consciousness in the West – <i>David G. Bromley, Prof. Larry D. Shinn</i>, 1989, Page 149</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Hare_Krishna_Movement-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Hare_Krishna_Movement_25-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Rochford, E Burke, Jr. <i>Recruitment Strategies, Ideology, and Organization in the Hare Krishna Movement</i>. Social Problems Vol.29, No. 4, 1982</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Das1982-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Das1982_26-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Das1982_26-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Das1982_26-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDas_Goswami,_S.1982" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Satsvarupa_dasa_Goswami" title="Satsvarupa dasa Goswami">Das Goswami, S.</a> (1982). <i>Srila Prabhupada-lilamrta, Vol 4: In Every Town and Village, Around the World, 1968–1971</i>. Los Angeles: Bhaktivedanta Book Trust. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0892131150" title="Special:BookSources/978-0892131150"><bdi>978-0892131150</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Srila+Prabhupada-lilamrta%2C+Vol+4%3A+In+Every+Town+and+Village%2C+Around+the+World%2C+1968%E2%80%931971&rft.pub=Los+Angeles%3A+Bhaktivedanta+Book+Trust&rft.date=1982&rft.isbn=978-0892131150&rft.au=Das+Goswami%2C+S.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInternational+Society+for+Krishna+Consciousness" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.leeds.ac.uk/trs/staff/kim_knott.htm">Knot, Kim</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110508085314/http://www.leeds.ac.uk/trs/staff/kim_knott.htm">Archived</a> 8 May 2011 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> "Insider and Outsider Perceptions of Prabhupada" in <i><a href="/wiki/ISKCON_Communications_Journal" title="ISKCON Communications Journal">ISKCON Communications Journal</a></i> Vol. 5, No 1, June 1997: "In an evaluation of the nature of the guru, Larry Shinn, a scholar of religions, utilised Max Weber's analysis of charisma in order to understand Prabhupada and the issue of leadership in ISKCON. He noted that 'Prabhupada profited from two intertwined sources of authority' (1987:40), the traditional authority of the disciplic lineage, parampara, inherited from his own guru, and his own charismatic authority, derived from his spiritual attainment and presence<span class="nowrap"> </span>[...] (49) Shinn offered an analysis based on sociological rather than spiritual (Vaishnava) authority in order to make sense of the role of guru in ISKCON and the unique qualities of Prabhupada." See also Larry D. Shinn (1987), <i>The Dark Lord: Cult Images and the Hare Krishnas in America</i>. Philadelphia: The Westview Press.<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20130629124429/http://content.iskcon.com//icj/5_1/5_1knott.html">available online</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFColeDwyer2007">Cole & Dwyer 2007</a>, pp. 181–183, 30: "Out of some of his most committed disciples, Srila Prabhupada created ISKCON's international Governing Body Commission (GBC)"</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-29">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMaria_EkstrandBryant,_Edwin_H.2004" class="citation book cs1">Maria Ekstrand; Bryant, Edwin H. (2004). <i>The Hare Krishna movement: the postcharismatic fate of a religious transplant</i>. New York: <a href="/wiki/Columbia_University_Press" title="Columbia University Press">Columbia University Press</a>. p. 205. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-231-12256-X" title="Special:BookSources/0-231-12256-X"><bdi>0-231-12256-X</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Hare+Krishna+movement%3A+the+postcharismatic+fate+of+a+religious+transplant&rft.place=New+York&rft.pages=205&rft.pub=Columbia+University+Press&rft.date=2004&rft.isbn=0-231-12256-X&rft.au=Maria+Ekstrand&rft.au=Bryant%2C+Edwin+H.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInternational+Society+for+Krishna+Consciousness" class="Z3988"></span> Prabhupada. Letter of 28 July 1970. "As we have increased our volume of activities, now I think a Governing Body Commission (hereinafter referred to as the G.B.C.) should be established. I am getting old, 75 years old, therefore at any time I may be out of the scene, therefore I think it is necessary to give instruction to my disciples how they shall manage the whole institution. They are already managing individual centers represented by one president, one secretary and one treasurer, and in my opinion they are doing nice. But we want still more improvement in the standard of Temple management, propaganda for Krishna consciousness, distribution of books and literatures, opening of new centers and educating devotees to the right standard."</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-30">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Streissguth, Thomas (1995) <i>Charismatic cult leaders</i> pp. 128–132 <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-881508-18-8" title="Special:BookSources/1-881508-18-8">1-881508-18-8</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Bromley-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Bromley_31-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Bromley_31-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Bromley, David G. & Phillip E. Hammond (1987) <i>The Future of new religious movements</i>, New Ecumenical Research Association, Mercer University Press, pp. 126–129, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-86554-238-4" title="Special:BookSources/0-86554-238-4">0-86554-238-4</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-RochfordWomen-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-RochfordWomen_32-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-RochfordWomen_32-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Rochford (2007) p. 148 NYU Press</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Women_in_ISKCON-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Women_in_ISKCON_33-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">"<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://content.iskcon.com/icj/8_1/women.html">Women in ISKCON</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20130629124035/http://content.iskcon.com/icj/8_1/women.html">Archived</a> 29 June 2013 at <a href="/wiki/Archive.today" title="Archive.today">archive.today</a>" by Visakha Dasi and Sudharma Dasi<sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability"><span title="The material near this tag needs to be fact-checked with the cited source(s). (March 2010)">verification needed</span></a></i>]</sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:6-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:6_34-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:6_34-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRochford2007" class="citation book cs1">Rochford, E. Burke Jr. (2007). <i>Hare Krishna Transformed</i>. New York University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780814775783" title="Special:BookSources/9780814775783"><bdi>9780814775783</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Hare+Krishna+Transformed&rft.pub=New+York+University+Press&rft.date=2007&rft.isbn=9780814775783&rft.aulast=Rochford&rft.aufirst=E.+Burke+Jr.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInternational+Society+for+Krishna+Consciousness" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-35">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDasa_Goswami2013" class="citation web cs1">Dasa Goswami, Hridayananda (15 August 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://hdgoswami.com/questions-and-answers/role-of-women/">"Role of Women"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200802011419/https://www.hdgoswami.com/questions-and-answers/role-of-women/">Archived</a> from the original on 2 August 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">22 July</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Role+of+Women&rft.date=2013-08-15&rft.aulast=Dasa+Goswami&rft.aufirst=Hridayananda&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fhdgoswami.com%2Fquestions-and-answers%2Frole-of-women%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInternational+Society+for+Krishna+Consciousness" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-36">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSwami" class="citation web cs1">Swami, Bhakti Vikasa. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://v1.bvks.com/2013/01/feminist-rhetoric-on-dandavats">"Feminist Rhetoric on Dandavats"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180722095632/https://v1.bvks.com/2013/01/feminist-rhetoric-on-dandavats">Archived</a> from the original on 22 July 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">22 July</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Feminist+Rhetoric+on+Dandavats&rft.aulast=Swami&rft.aufirst=Bhakti+Vikasa&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fv1.bvks.com%2F2013%2F01%2Ffeminist-rhetoric-on-dandavats&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInternational+Society+for+Krishna+Consciousness" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:0-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-:0_37-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPalmer1994" class="citation book cs1">Palmer, Susan (1994). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/moonsisterskrish0000palm/page/15"><i>Moon Sisters, Krishna Mothers, Rajneesh Lovers: Women's Role in New Religions</i></a>. Syracuse, New York: Syracuse University Press. pp. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/moonsisterskrish0000palm/page/15">15, 17</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-8156-0297-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-8156-0297-2"><bdi>978-0-8156-0297-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Moon+Sisters%2C+Krishna+Mothers%2C+Rajneesh+Lovers%3A+Women%27s+Role+in+New+Religions&rft.place=Syracuse%2C+New+York&rft.pages=15%2C+17&rft.pub=Syracuse+University+Press&rft.date=1994&rft.isbn=978-0-8156-0297-2&rft.aulast=Palmer&rft.aufirst=Susan&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fmoonsisterskrish0000palm%2Fpage%2F15&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInternational+Society+for+Krishna+Consciousness" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-women-38"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-women_38-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">"<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://content.iskcon.com/icj/8_1/women.html">Women in ISKCON</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20130629124035/http://content.iskcon.com/icj/8_1/women.html">Archived</a> 29 June 2013 at <a href="/wiki/Archive.today" title="Archive.today">archive.today</a>" by Visakha Dasi and Sudharma Dasi<sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability"><span title="The material near this tag needs to be fact-checked with the cited source(s). (March 2010)">verification needed</span></a></i>]</sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-39"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-39">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200802004028/https://iskconnews.org/gbc-approves-vaishnavi-diksa-gurus-in-iskcon,7126/">"GBC Approves Vaishnavi Diksa Gurus in ISKCON"</a>. <i>ISKCON News</i>. 18 October 2019. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://iskconnews.org/gbc-approves-vaishnavi-diksa-gurus-in-iskcon,7126/">the original</a> on 2 August 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">4 January</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=ISKCON+News&rft.atitle=GBC+Approves+Vaishnavi+Diksa+Gurus+in+ISKCON&rft.date=2019-10-18&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fiskconnews.org%2Fgbc-approves-vaishnavi-diksa-gurus-in-iskcon%2C7126%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInternational+Society+for+Krishna+Consciousness" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-nytimes.com-40"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-nytimes.com_40-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-nytimes.com_40-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGoodstein1998" class="citation web cs1">Goodstein, Laurie (9 October 1998). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1998/10/09/us/hare-krishna-movement-details-past-abuse-at-its-boarding-schools.html">"Hare Krishna Movement Details Past Abuse at Its Boarding Schools"</a>. <i>The New York Times</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191210050217/https://www.nytimes.com/1998/10/09/us/hare-krishna-movement-details-past-abuse-at-its-boarding-schools.html">Archived</a> from the original on 10 December 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">23 August</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Hare+Krishna+Movement+Details+Past+Abuse+at+Its+Boarding+Schools&rft.date=1998-10-09&rft.aulast=Goodstein&rft.aufirst=Laurie&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1998%2F10%2F09%2Fus%2Fhare-krishna-movement-details-past-abuse-at-its-boarding-schools.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInternational+Society+for+Krishna+Consciousness" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-41"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-41">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/americas/1809847.stm">"BBC News – Americas – Krishnas to file for bankruptcy"</a>. <i>bbc.co.uk</i>. 8 February 2002. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190514110834/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/americas/1809847.stm">Archived</a> from the original on 14 May 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">22 July</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=bbc.co.uk&rft.atitle=BBC+News+%E2%80%93+Americas+%E2%80%93+Krishnas+to+file+for+bankruptcy&rft.date=2002-02-08&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnews.bbc.co.uk%2F2%2Fhi%2Famericas%2F1809847.stm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInternational+Society+for+Krishna+Consciousness" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-42"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-42">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-2002-feb-09-me-chbrief9.2-story.html">"Hare Krishnas Say Suit Spurs Bankruptcy Filing"</a>. <i>Los Angeles Times</i>. 9 February 2002. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160306031506/http://articles.latimes.com/2002/feb/09/local/me-chbrief9.2">Archived</a> from the original on 6 March 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">22 July</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Los+Angeles+Times&rft.atitle=Hare+Krishnas+Say+Suit+Spurs+Bankruptcy+Filing&rft.date=2002-02-09&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.latimes.com%2Farchives%2Fla-xpm-2002-feb-09-me-chbrief9.2-story.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInternational+Society+for+Krishna+Consciousness" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-43"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-43">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180209234239/http://surrealist.org/gurukula/timeline/lawsuit.html">"Children of ISKCON vs. ISKCON Timeline"</a>. Surrealist.org. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://surrealist.org/gurukula/timeline/lawsuit.html">the original</a> on 9 February 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">22 July</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Children+of+ISKCON+vs.+ISKCON+Timeline&rft.pub=Surrealist.org&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fsurrealist.org%2Fgurukula%2Ftimeline%2Flawsuit.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInternational+Society+for+Krishna+Consciousness" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-44"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-44">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170824031858/http://childprotectionoffice.org/main/">"ISKCON Child Protection Office"</a>. <i>childprotectionoffice.org</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://childprotectionoffice.org/main/">the original</a> on 24 August 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">4 January</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Sadhu+Sanga+Retreat+%E2%80%93+Sadhu+Sanga+Retreat+organized+in+the+USA+by+Indradyumna+Swami&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.sadhusangaretreat.com%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInternational+Society+for+Krishna+Consciousness" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-46"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-46">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://kirtan50.com/">"Kirtan50 – Dallas New Year Kirtan Festival"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210101202135/https://kirtan50.com/">Archived</a> from the original on 1 January 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">22 August</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Judge+Rejects+Charges+of+Brainwashing+against+Hare+Krishna+Leaders&rft.date=1977-03-18&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1977%2F03%2F18%2Farchives%2Fjudge-rejects-charges-of-brainwashing-against-hare-krishna-aides.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInternational+Society+for+Krishna+Consciousness" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-73"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-73">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTaylor1984" class="citation journal cs1">Taylor, Wilbert Lee (Fall 1984). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://scholarworks.law.ubalt.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi">"Religion on Trial: George v. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">22 July</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Los+Angeles+Times&rft.atitle=Krishna+Expels+Leader+of+Group+Under+U.S.+Probe&rft.date=1987-03-18&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.latimes.com%2Farchives%2Fla-xpm-1987-03-18-mn-7900-story.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInternational+Society+for+Krishna+Consciousness" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-76"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-76">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/lifestyle/magazine/can-hare-krishnas-at-palace-of-gold-in-wva-rebuild-its-tarnished-community/2013/01/04/38dbf6a8-ebc8-11e1-a80b-9f898562d010_story.html">"Can Hare Krishnas at Palace of Gold in W.Va. rebuild its tarnished community?"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Washington_Post" title="The Washington Post">The Washington Post</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230608031705/http://www.washingtonpost.com/lifestyle/magazine/can-hare-krishnas-at-palace-of-gold-in-wva-rebuild-its-tarnished-community/2013/01/04/38dbf6a8-ebc8-11e1-a80b-9f898562d010_story.html">Archived</a> from the original on 8 June 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">16 December</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Washington+Post&rft.atitle=Can+Hare+Krishnas+at+Palace+of+Gold+in+W.Va.+rebuild+its+tarnished+community%3F&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.washingtonpost.com%2Flifestyle%2Fmagazine%2Fcan-hare-krishnas-at-palace-of-gold-in-wva-rebuild-its-tarnished-community%2F2013%2F01%2F04%2F38dbf6a8-ebc8-11e1-a80b-9f898562d010_story.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInternational+Society+for+Krishna+Consciousness" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-77"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-77">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFox2011" class="citation news cs1">Fox, Margalit (24 October 2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2011/10/25/us/swami-bhaktipada-ex-hare-krishna-leader-dies-at-74.html">"Swami Bhaktipada, Ex-Hare Krishna Leader, Dies at 74"</a>. <i>The New York Times</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170821090728/http://www.nytimes.com/2011/10/25/us/swami-bhaktipada-ex-hare-krishna-leader-dies-at-74.html">Archived</a> from the original on 21 August 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">23 August</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Swami+Bhaktipada%2C+Ex-Hare+Krishna+Leader%2C+Dies+at+74&rft.date=2011-10-24&rft.aulast=Fox&rft.aufirst=Margalit&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2011%2F10%2F25%2Fus%2Fswami-bhaktipada-ex-hare-krishna-leader-dies-at-74.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInternational+Society+for+Krishna+Consciousness" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-78"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-78">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><span class="id-lock-subscription" title="Paid subscription required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/asia/india/8849660/Disgraced-former-leader-of-US-Hare-Krishna-community-dies-at-74.html">"Disgraced former leader of US Hare Krishna community dies at 74"</a></span>. <i>Telegraph.co.uk</i>. 26 October 2011. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220111/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/asia/india/8849660/Disgraced-former-leader-of-US-Hare-Krishna-community-dies-at-74.html">Archived</a> from the original on 11 January 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Telegraph.co.uk&rft.atitle=Disgraced+former+leader+of+US+Hare+Krishna+community+dies+at+74&rft.date=2011-10-26&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.telegraph.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fworldnews%2Fasia%2Findia%2F8849660%2FDisgraced-former-leader-of-US-Hare-Krishna-community-dies-at-74.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInternational+Society+for+Krishna+Consciousness" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-79"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-79">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.independent.co.uk/news/obituaries/kirtanananda-swami-us-hare-krishna-leader-deposed-after-a-racketeering-conviction-2376264.html">"Kirtanananda Swami: US Hare Krishna leader, deposed after a racketeering conviction"</a>. <i>The Independent</i>. 30 October 2011. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170821043826/http://www.independent.co.uk/news/obituaries/kirtanananda-swami-us-hare-krishna-leader-deposed-after-a-racketeering-conviction-2376264.html">Archived</a> from the original on 21 August 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">16 December</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Independent&rft.atitle=Kirtanananda+Swami%3A+US+Hare+Krishna+leader%2C+deposed+after+a+racketeering+conviction&rft.date=2011-10-30&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.independent.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fobituaries%2Fkirtanananda-swami-us-hare-krishna-leader-deposed-after-a-racketeering-conviction-2376264.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInternational+Society+for+Krishna+Consciousness" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-80"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-80">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/americas/sex-abuse-case-could-ruin-hare-krishnas-5370498.html">"Sex abuse case could ruin Hare Krishnas"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Independent" title="The Independent">The Independent</a></i>. 14 June 2000. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190408163207/https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/americas/sex-abuse-case-could-ruin-hare-krishnas-5370498.html">Archived</a> from the original on 8 April 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">16 February</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Independent&rft.atitle=Sex+abuse+case+could+ruin+Hare+Krishnas&rft.date=2000-06-14&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.independent.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fworld%2Famericas%2Fsex-abuse-case-could-ruin-hare-krishnas-5370498.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInternational+Society+for+Krishna+Consciousness" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-nytabuse-81"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-nytabuse_81-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGoodstein1998" class="citation news cs1">Goodstein, Laurie (9 October 1998). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1998/10/09/us/hare-krishna-movement-details-past-abuse-at-its-boarding-schools.html">"Hare Krishna Movement Details Past Abuse at Its Boarding Schools"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191210050217/https://www.nytimes.com/1998/10/09/us/hare-krishna-movement-details-past-abuse-at-its-boarding-schools.html">Archived</a> from the original on 10 December 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">23 August</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Hare+Krishna+Movement+Details+Past+Abuse+at+Its+Boarding+Schools&rft.date=1998-10-09&rft.aulast=Goodstein&rft.aufirst=Laurie&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1998%2F10%2F09%2Fus%2Fhare-krishna-movement-details-past-abuse-at-its-boarding-schools.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInternational+Society+for+Krishna+Consciousness" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-82"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-82">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200928182200/https://www.channelnewsasia.com/news/singapore/once-in-the-shadows-hare-krishnas-now-seek-to-shake-off-the-past-9944434">"Once in the shadows, Hare Krishnas now seek to shake off the past"</a>. City: Singapore. <i>Channelnewsasia</i>. TNN. 2 August 2017. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.channelnewsasia.com/news/singapore/once-in-the-shadows-hare-krishnas-now-seek-to-shake-off-the-past-9944434">the original</a> on 28 September 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">9 January</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Channelnewsasia&rft.atitle=Once+in+the+shadows%2C+Hare+Krishnas+now+seek+to+shake+off+the+past&rft.date=2017-08-02&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.channelnewsasia.com%2Fnews%2Fsingapore%2Fonce-in-the-shadows-hare-krishnas-now-seek-to-shake-off-the-past-9944434&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInternational+Society+for+Krishna+Consciousness" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-83"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-83">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20241224191042/https://samakal.com/bangladesh/article/707/%E0%A6%9B%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A4%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%B2%E0%A7%80%E0%A6%97-%E0%A6%A8%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%A4%E0%A6%BE-%E0%A6%85%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%A4-%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B9%E0%A6%BE-%E0%A6%95%E0%A7%8B%E0%A6%A5%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC">"বুয়েট ছাত্রলীগ নেতা অমিত সাহা কোথায়?"</a>. 24 December 2024. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://samakal.com/bangladesh/article/707/ছাত্রলীগ-নেতা-অমিত-সাহা-কোথায়">the original</a> on 24 December 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%E0%A6%AC%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%9F+%E0%A6%9B%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A4%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%B2%E0%A7%80%E0%A6%97+%E0%A6%A8%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%A4%E0%A6%BE+%E0%A6%85%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%A4+%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B9%E0%A6%BE+%E0%A6%95%E0%A7%8B%E0%A6%A5%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC%3F&rft.date=2024-12-24&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fsamakal.com%2Fbangladesh%2Farticle%2F707%2F%E0%A6%9B%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A4%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%B2%E0%A7%80%E0%A6%97-%E0%A6%A8%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%A4%E0%A6%BE-%E0%A6%85%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%A4-%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B9%E0%A6%BE-%E0%A6%95%E0%A7%8B%E0%A6%A5%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInternational+Society+for+Krishna+Consciousness" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-84"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-84">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://m.dailyinqilab.com/article/240383/%E0%A6%89%E0%A6%97%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A6%E0%A7%80-%E0%A6%87%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%A8%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%B0-%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%A6%E0%A6%B8%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AF-%E0%A6%85%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%A4-%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B9%E0%A6%BE">"উগ্রবাদী ইসকনের সদস্য অমিত সাহা"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Daily_Inqilab" title="Daily Inqilab">Daily Inqilab</a></i> (in Bengali). 11 October 2019. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20241204013658/https://m.dailyinqilab.com/article/240383/%25E0%25A6%2589%25E0%25A6%2597%25E0%25A7%258D%25E0%25A6%25B0%25E0%25A6%25AC%25E0%25A6%25BE%25E0%25A6%25A6%25E0%25A7%2580-%25E0%25A6%2587%25E0%25A6%25B8%25E0%25A6%2595%25E0%25A6%25A8%25E0%25A7%2587%25E0%25A6%25B0-%25E0%25A6%25B8%25E0%25A6%25A6%25E0%25A6%25B8%25E0%25A7%258D%25E0%25A6%25AF-%25E0%25A6%2585%25E0%25A6%25AE%25E0%25A6%25BF%25E0%25A6%25A4-%25E0%25A6%25B8%25E0%25A6%25BE%25E0%25A6%25B9%25E0%25A6%25BE">Archived</a> from the original on 4 December 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">27 November</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Daily+Inqilab&rft.atitle=%E0%A6%89%E0%A6%97%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A6%E0%A7%80+%E0%A6%87%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%A8%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%B0+%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%A6%E0%A6%B8%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AF+%E0%A6%85%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%A4+%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B9%E0%A6%BE&rft.date=2019-10-11&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fm.dailyinqilab.com%2Farticle%2F240383%2F%25E0%25A6%2589%25E0%25A6%2597%25E0%25A7%258D%25E0%25A6%25B0%25E0%25A6%25AC%25E0%25A6%25BE%25E0%25A6%25A6%25E0%25A7%2580-%25E0%25A6%2587%25E0%25A6%25B8%25E0%25A6%2595%25E0%25A6%25A8%25E0%25A7%2587%25E0%25A6%25B0-%25E0%25A6%25B8%25E0%25A6%25A6%25E0%25A6%25B8%25E0%25A7%258D%25E0%25A6%25AF-%25E0%25A6%2585%25E0%25A6%25AE%25E0%25A6%25BF%25E0%25A6%25A4-%25E0%25A6%25B8%25E0%25A6%25BE%25E0%25A6%25B9%25E0%25A6%25BE&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInternational+Society+for+Krishna+Consciousness" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-85"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-85">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.dailynayadiganta.com/crime/447245/%E0%A6%86%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B0-%E0%A6%B9%E0%A6%A4%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B0-%E0%A6%AE%E0%A7%82%E0%A6%B2%E0%A6%9A%E0%A6%95%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%80-%E0%A6%85%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%A4-%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B9%E0%A6%BE-%E0%A6%89%E0%A6%97%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A6%E0%A7%80-%E0%A6%87%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%A8%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%B0-%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%A6%E0%A6%B8%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AF">"আবরার হত্যার মূলচক্রী অমিত সাহা উগ্রবাদী ইসকনের সদস্য"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Daily_Naya_Diganta" title="Daily Naya Diganta">Daily Naya Diganta</a></i> (in Bengali). 11 October 2019. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20241130202459/https://www.dailynayadiganta.com/crime/447245/%E0%A6%86%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B0-%E0%A6%B9%E0%A6%A4%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B0-%E0%A6%AE%E0%A7%82%E0%A6%B2%E0%A6%9A%E0%A6%95%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%80-%E0%A6%85%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%A4-%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B9%E0%A6%BE-%E0%A6%89%E0%A6%97%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A6%E0%A7%80-%E0%A6%87%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%A8%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%B0-%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%A6%E0%A6%B8%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AF">Archived</a> from the original on 30 November 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">27 November</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Daily+Naya+Diganta&rft.atitle=%E0%A6%86%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B0+%E0%A6%B9%E0%A6%A4%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B0+%E0%A6%AE%E0%A7%82%E0%A6%B2%E0%A6%9A%E0%A6%95%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%80+%E0%A6%85%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%A4+%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B9%E0%A6%BE+%E0%A6%89%E0%A6%97%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A6%E0%A7%80+%E0%A6%87%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%A8%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%B0+%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%A6%E0%A6%B8%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AF&rft.date=2019-10-11&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.dailynayadiganta.com%2Fcrime%2F447245%2F%25E0%25A6%2586%25E0%25A6%25AC%25E0%25A6%25B0%25E0%25A6%25BE%25E0%25A6%25B0-%25E0%25A6%25B9%25E0%25A6%25A4%25E0%25A7%258D%25E0%25A6%25AF%25E0%25A6%25BE%25E0%25A6%25B0-%25E0%25A6%25AE%25E0%25A7%2582%25E0%25A6%25B2%25E0%25A6%259A%25E0%25A6%2595%25E0%25A7%258D%25E0%25A6%25B0%25E0%25A7%2580-%25E0%25A6%2585%25E0%25A6%25AE%25E0%25A6%25BF%25E0%25A6%25A4-%25E0%25A6%25B8%25E0%25A6%25BE%25E0%25A6%25B9%25E0%25A6%25BE-%25E0%25A6%2589%25E0%25A6%2597%25E0%25A7%258D%25E0%25A6%25B0%25E0%25A6%25AC%25E0%25A6%25BE%25E0%25A6%25A6%25E0%25A7%2580-%25E0%25A6%2587%25E0%25A6%25B8%25E0%25A6%2595%25E0%25A6%25A8%25E0%25A7%2587%25E0%25A6%25B0-%25E0%25A6%25B8%25E0%25A6%25A6%25E0%25A6%25B8%25E0%25A7%258D%25E0%25A6%25AF&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInternational+Society+for+Krishna+Consciousness" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-86"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-86">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.daily-bangladesh.com/english/country/99508">"<span class="cs1-kern-left"></span>'ISKCON'-backed miscreants attack joint forces in Ctg, 12 injured"</a>. <i>Daily Bangladesh</i>. 26 November 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">26 November</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Daily+Bangladesh&rft.atitle=%27ISKCON%27-backed+miscreants+attack+joint+forces+in+Ctg%2C+12+injured&rft.date=2024-11-26&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.daily-bangladesh.com%2Fenglish%2Fcountry%2F99508&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInternational+Society+for+Krishna+Consciousness" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-87"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-87">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://bdnews24.com/bangladesh/8cf56f8a07dd">"Riots erupt in Chattogram over Facebook post, policemen injured"</a>. <i>bdnews24</i>. 26 November 2024. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20241202001808/https://bdnews24.com/bangladesh/8cf56f8a07dd">Archived</a> from the original on 2 December 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">26 November</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=bdnews24&rft.atitle=Riots+erupt+in+Chattogram+over+Facebook+post%2C+policemen+injured&rft.date=2024-11-26&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbdnews24.com%2Fbangladesh%2F8cf56f8a07dd&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInternational+Society+for+Krishna+Consciousness" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-88"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-88">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dailyinqilab.com/bangladesh/news/701055">"চট্টগ্রামে পুলিশের উপর ইসকন সমর্থকদের হামলা এসিড নিক্ষেপ"</a>. <i>Inqilab</i> (in Bengali). 26 November 2024. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20241202190155/https://dailyinqilab.com/bangladesh/news/701055">Archived</a> from the original on 2 December 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">26 November</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Inqilab&rft.atitle=%E0%A6%9A%E0%A6%9F%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%9F%E0%A6%97%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%AE%E0%A7%87+%E0%A6%AA%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%B2%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%B6%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%B0+%E0%A6%89%E0%A6%AA%E0%A6%B0+%E0%A6%87%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%A8+%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A5%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%A6%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%B0+%E0%A6%B9%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%B2%E0%A6%BE+%E0%A6%8F%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%A1+%E0%A6%A8%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%95%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B7%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%AA&rft.date=2024-11-26&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdailyinqilab.com%2Fbangladesh%2Fnews%2F701055&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInternational+Society+for+Krishna+Consciousness" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-tbsnews.net-89"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-tbsnews.net_89-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-tbsnews.net_89-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.tbsnews.net/bangladesh/iskcon-involved-attack-joint-forces-ctg-incident-police-986681">"ISKCON involved in attack on joint forces in Ctg incident: Police"</a>. <i>The Business Standard</i>. 6 November 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">28 November</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=ThePrint&rft.atitle=Bangladesh+lawyer+killed+after+clashes+over+Hindu+priest%27s+arrest%2C+Yunus+orders+probe&rft.date=2024-11-26&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftheprint.in%2Fworld%2Fbangladesh-lawyer-killed-after-clashes-over-hindu-priests-arrest-yunus-orders-probe%2F2375405%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInternational+Society+for+Krishna+Consciousness" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-92"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-92">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ndtv.com/india-news/bangladesh-lawyer-killed-in-clashes-over-hindu-priests-arrest-probe-ordered-7113201">"Bangladesh Lawyer Killed In Clashes Over Hindu Priest's Arrest, Probe Ordered"</a>. <i>NDTV.com</i>. 22 February 2019. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20241127035209/https://www.ndtv.com/india-news/bangladesh-lawyer-killed-in-clashes-over-hindu-priests-arrest-probe-ordered-7113201">Archived</a> from the original on 27 November 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">28 November</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=NDTV.com&rft.atitle=Bangladesh+Lawyer+Killed+In+Clashes+Over+Hindu+Priest%27s+Arrest%2C+Probe+Ordered&rft.date=2019-02-22&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ndtv.com%2Findia-news%2Fbangladesh-lawyer-killed-in-clashes-over-hindu-priests-arrest-probe-ordered-7113201&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInternational+Society+for+Krishna+Consciousness" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-93"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-93">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.dhakatribune.com/amp/bangladesh/366326/1-killed-6-injured-in-clash-over-chinmoy%E2%80%99s">"Lawyer hacked to death in clash over Chinmoy's release in Chittagong"</a>. <i>Dhaka Tribune</i>. 26 November 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">25 November</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Dhaka+Tribune&rft.atitle=At+least+10+injured+in+Sylhet+Iskcon+temple+attack&rft.date=2016-09-03&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.dhakatribune.com%2Fbangladesh%2F2016%2F09%2F03%2Fleast-10-injured-sylhet-iskcon-temple-attack%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInternational+Society+for+Krishna+Consciousness" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-115"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-115">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.dnaindia.com/world/report-clash-between-hindus-muslims-at-iskcon-temple-in-bangaldesh-10-injured-2251553">"Clash between Hindus, Muslims at ISKCON temple in Bangladesh, 10 injured"</a>. <i>DNA India</i>. 3 September 2016. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210929184052/https://www.dnaindia.com/world/report-clash-between-hindus-muslims-at-iskcon-temple-in-bangaldesh-10-injured-2251553">Archived</a> from the original on 29 September 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">25 November</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=DNA+India&rft.atitle=Clash+between+Hindus%2C+Muslims+at+ISKCON+temple+in+Bangladesh%2C+10+injured&rft.date=2016-09-03&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.dnaindia.com%2Fworld%2Freport-clash-between-hindus-muslims-at-iskcon-temple-in-bangaldesh-10-injured-2251553&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInternational+Society+for+Krishna+Consciousness" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-116"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-116">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.currentriggers.com/world/brazil-isckon-temple/">"Brazil: Vandals target ISKCON Temple, deface Lord Krishna's pic"</a>. 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Bucknell University Press. p. 53. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780838751442" title="Special:BookSources/9780838751442"><bdi>9780838751442</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Krishna+Consciousness+in+the+West&rft.pages=53&rft.pub=Bucknell+University+Press&rft.date=1989&rft.isbn=9780838751442&rft.aulast=Bromley&rft.aufirst=David+G.&rft.au=Shinn%2C+Larry+D.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DF-EuD3M2QYoC%26pg%3DPA53&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInternational+Society+for+Krishna+Consciousness" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-178"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-178">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSatsvarupa2002" class="citation book cs1">Satsvarupa, Dasa Goswami (2002) [1980-82]. <i>Srila Prabhupada Lilamrta Vol 1-2</i>. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">4 January</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=iscowp.org&rft.atitle=ISCOWP+%E2%80%93+The+International+Society+of+Cow+Protection&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fiscowp.org%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInternational+Society+for+Krishna+Consciousness" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-180"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-180">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.uniindia.com/tripura-minister-praises-iskcon-s-india-tribal-care-trust/states/news/1171920.html">"Tripura Minister praises ISKCON's India Tribal Care Trust"</a>. <i>Uniindia</i>. TNN. 18 March 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">22 February</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Uniindia&rft.atitle=Tripura+Minister+praises+ISKCON%27s+India+Tribal+Care+Trust&rft.date=2018-03-18&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.uniindia.com%2Ftripura-minister-praises-iskcon-s-india-tribal-care-trust%2Fstates%2Fnews%2F1171920.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInternational+Society+for+Krishna+Consciousness" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-181"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-181">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191222031840/http://psena.com/about/">"About"</a>. <i>ISKCON Pandava Sena</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://psena.com/about/">the original</a> on 22 December 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">4 January</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=ISKCON+Pandava+Sena&rft.atitle=About&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fpsena.com%2Fabout%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInternational+Society+for+Krishna+Consciousness" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-182"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-182">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDwyerCole2013" class="citation book cs1">Dwyer, Graham; Cole, Richard J. (2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=P7e8ORp2QrEC&q=ISKCON+Pandava+Sena&pg=PA132"><i>Hare Krishna in the Modern World</i></a>. Arktos. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-907166-47-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-907166-47-1"><bdi>978-1-907166-47-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Hare+Krishna+in+the+Modern+World&rft.pub=Arktos&rft.date=2013&rft.isbn=978-1-907166-47-1&rft.aulast=Dwyer&rft.aufirst=Graham&rft.au=Cole%2C+Richard+J.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DP7e8ORp2QrEC%26q%3DISKCON%2BPandava%2BSena%26pg%3DPA132&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInternational+Society+for+Krishna+Consciousness" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Sources">Sources</h2></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBeck2005" class="citation book cs1">Beck, Guy L., ed. (2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=0SJ73GHSCF8C"><i>Alternative Krishnas: Regional and Vernacular Variations on a Hindu Deity</i></a>. SUNY Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-7914-6415-6" title="Special:BookSources/0-7914-6415-6"><bdi>0-7914-6415-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Alternative+Krishnas%3A+Regional+and+Vernacular+Variations+on+a+Hindu+Deity&rft.pub=SUNY+Press&rft.date=2005&rft.isbn=0-7914-6415-6&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D0SJ73GHSCF8C&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInternational+Society+for+Krishna+Consciousness" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBryantEkstrand2004" class="citation book cs1">Bryant, Edwin F.; Ekstrand, Maria, eds. (2004). <i>The Hare Krishna Movement: The Postcharismatic Fate of a Religious Transplant</i>. New York: Columbia University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-231-12256-X" title="Special:BookSources/0-231-12256-X"><bdi>0-231-12256-X</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Hare+Krishna+Movement%3A+The+Postcharismatic+Fate+of+a+Religious+Transplant&rft.place=New+York&rft.pub=Columbia+University+Press&rft.date=2004&rft.isbn=0-231-12256-X&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInternational+Society+for+Krishna+Consciousness" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFColeDwyer2007" class="citation book cs1">Cole, Richard; Dwyer, Graham (2007). <i>The Hare Krishna Movement: Forty Years of Chant and Change</i>. London: <a href="/wiki/I._B._Tauris" class="mw-redirect" title="I. B. Tauris">I. B. Tauris</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-84511-407-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-84511-407-7"><bdi>978-1-84511-407-7</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Hare+Krishna+Movement%3A+Forty+Years+of+Chant+and+Change&rft.place=London&rft.pub=I.+B.+Tauris&rft.date=2007&rft.isbn=978-1-84511-407-7&rft.aulast=Cole&rft.aufirst=Richard&rft.au=Dwyer%2C+Graham&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInternational+Society+for+Krishna+Consciousness" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGibson2002" class="citation book cs1">Gibson, Lynne (2002). <i>Modern World Religions: Hinduism – Pupil Book Core (Modern World Religions)</i>. Oxford (England): Heinemann Educational Publishers. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-435-33619-3" title="Special:BookSources/0-435-33619-3"><bdi>0-435-33619-3</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Modern+World+Religions%3A+Hinduism+%E2%80%93+Pupil+Book+Core+%28Modern+World+Religions%29&rft.place=Oxford+%28England%29&rft.pub=Heinemann+Educational+Publishers&rft.date=2002&rft.isbn=0-435-33619-3&rft.aulast=Gibson&rft.aufirst=Lynne&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInternational+Society+for+Krishna+Consciousness" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGreene2006" class="citation book cs1">Greene, Joshua M. (2006). <i>Here Comes the Sun: The Spiritual and Musical Journey of George Harrison</i>. Hoboken, New Jersey: John Wiley & Sons. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-470-12780-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-470-12780-3"><bdi>978-0-470-12780-3</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Here+Comes+the+Sun%3A+The+Spiritual+and+Musical+Journey+of+George+Harrison&rft.place=Hoboken%2C+New+Jersey&rft.pub=John+Wiley+%26+Sons&rft.date=2006&rft.isbn=978-0-470-12780-3&rft.aulast=Greene&rft.aufirst=Joshua+M.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInternational+Society+for+Krishna+Consciousness" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLavezzoli2006" class="citation book cs1">Lavezzoli, Peter (2006). <i>The Dawn of Indian Music in the West</i>. New York: Continuum. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-8264-2819-3" title="Special:BookSources/0-8264-2819-3"><bdi>0-8264-2819-3</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Dawn+of+Indian+Music+in+the+West&rft.place=New+York&rft.pub=Continuum&rft.date=2006&rft.isbn=0-8264-2819-3&rft.aulast=Lavezzoli&rft.aufirst=Peter&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInternational+Society+for+Krishna+Consciousness" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRochford2007" class="citation book cs1">Rochford, E. Burke (2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=HiD5Enrerv0C"><i>Hare Krishna Transformed</i></a>. The New and Alternative Religions Series. New York: <a href="/wiki/NYU_Press" class="mw-redirect" title="NYU Press">NYU Press</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0814775790" title="Special:BookSources/978-0814775790"><bdi>978-0814775790</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Hare+Krishna+Transformed&rft.place=New+York&rft.series=The+New+and+Alternative+Religions+Series&rft.pub=NYU+Press&rft.date=2007&rft.isbn=978-0814775790&rft.aulast=Rochford&rft.aufirst=E.+Burke&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DHiD5Enrerv0C&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInternational+Society+for+Krishna+Consciousness" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSpizer2005" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Bruce_Spizer" title="Bruce Spizer">Spizer, Bruce</a> (2005). <i>The Beatles Solo on Apple Records</i>. New Orleans, LA: 498 Productions. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-9662649-5-9" title="Special:BookSources/0-9662649-5-9"><bdi>0-9662649-5-9</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Beatles+Solo+on+Apple+Records&rft.place=New+Orleans%2C+LA&rft.pub=498+Productions&rft.date=2005&rft.isbn=0-9662649-5-9&rft.aulast=Spizer&rft.aufirst=Bruce&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInternational+Society+for+Krishna+Consciousness" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output 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<ul><li><a href="/wiki/ISKCON_Temple,_Bangalore" class="mw-redirect" title="ISKCON Temple, Bangalore">Bangalore</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hare_Krishna_Movement_Jaipur&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hare Krishna Movement Jaipur (page does not exist)">Jaipur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ISKCON_Temple,_Chennai" title="ISKCON Temple, Chennai">Chennai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ISKCON_Temple,_Delhi" title="ISKCON Temple, Delhi">Delhi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Temple_of_the_Vedic_Planetarium" title="Temple of the Vedic Planetarium">Mayapur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ISKCON_Temple,_Pune" title="ISKCON Temple, Pune">Pune</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ISKCON_Temple,_Vrindavan" title="ISKCON Temple, Vrindavan">Vrindavan</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#FFC569;">Outside India</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bhaktivedanta_Manor" title="Bhaktivedanta Manor">Bhaktivedanta Manor</a> (Hertfordshire, UK)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hare_Krishna_Temple,_Toronto" title="Hare Krishna Temple, Toronto">Hare Krishna Temple, Toronto</a> (CA)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Inis_Rath" title="Inis Rath">Inis Rath</a> (Loch Erne, UK)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Vrindaban" title="New Vrindaban">New Vrindaban</a> (US)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Radha_Krishna_Temple" title="Radha Krishna Temple">Radha Krishna Temple</a> (London, UK)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sri_Sri_Radha_Krishna_Temple_(Spanish_Fork)" title="Sri Sri Radha Krishna Temple (Spanish Fork)">Sri Sri Radha Krishna Temple (Spanish Fork)</a> (US)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow hlist" colspan="2" style="background:#FFC569;"><div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" 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style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background:#e8e8ff;"><div id="Links_to_related_articles92" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Links to related articles</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0;font-size:114%"><div style="padding:0px"> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Chaitanya_(Gaudiya)_Sampradaya422" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background-color:#FFC569;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Chaitanya_sampradaya" title="Template:Chaitanya sampradaya"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Chaitanya_sampradaya" title="Template talk:Chaitanya sampradaya"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Chaitanya_sampradaya" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Chaitanya sampradaya"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Chaitanya_(Gaudiya)_Sampradaya422" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><i><a href="/wiki/Gaudiya_Vaishnavism" title="Gaudiya Vaishnavism">Chaitanya (Gaudiya) Sampradaya</a></i></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#FFC569;"><i><a href="/wiki/Brahma_Sampradaya" title="Brahma Sampradaya">Sampradaya</a></i> <a href="/wiki/Acharya" title="Acharya">acharyas</a><br />pre-<a href="/wiki/Chaitanya_Mahaprabhu" title="Chaitanya Mahaprabhu">Chaitanya</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Krishna" title="Krishna">Kṛṣṇa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brahma" title="Brahma">Brahmā</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Narada" title="Narada">Nārada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vyasa" title="Vyasa">Vyāsa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Madhvacharya" title="Madhvacharya">Madhvācārya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Padmanabha_Tirtha" title="Padmanabha Tirtha">Padmanābha Tīrtha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Naraharitirtha" class="mw-redirect" title="Naraharitirtha">Narahari Tīrtha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Madhava_Tirtha" title="Madhava Tirtha">Mādhava Tīrtha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Akshobhya_Tirtha" title="Akshobhya Tirtha">Akṣobhya Tīrtha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jayatirtha" title="Jayatirtha">Jaya Tīrtha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vyasatirtha" title="Vyasatirtha">Vyāsa Tīrtha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Madhavendra_Puri" title="Madhavendra Puri">Mādhavendra Purī</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Isvara_Puri" title="Isvara Puri">Īśvara Purī</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#FFC569;"><i><a href="/wiki/Pancha_Tattva_(Vaishnavism)" title="Pancha Tattva (Vaishnavism)">Pancha-tattva</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chaitanya_Mahaprabhu" title="Chaitanya Mahaprabhu">Chaitanya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nityananda" title="Nityananda">Nityananda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Advaita_Acharya" title="Advaita Acharya">Advaita Acharya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gadadhara_Pandita" title="Gadadhara Pandita">Gadadhara Pandita</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Srivasa_Thakura" title="Srivasa Thakura">Srivasa Thakura</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#FFC569;">Post-Chaitanya</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Six_Goswamis_of_Vrindavana" class="mw-redirect" title="Six Goswamis of Vrindavana">Six Goswamis</a> (<a href="/wiki/Rupa_Goswami" title="Rupa Goswami">Rupa</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sanatana_Goswami" title="Sanatana Goswami">Sanatana</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jiva_Goswami" title="Jiva Goswami">Jiva</a>, <a href="/wiki/Raghunatha_dasa_Goswami" title="Raghunatha dasa Goswami">Raghunatha dasa</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gopala_Bhatta_Goswami" title="Gopala Bhatta Goswami">Gopala Bhatta</a>, <a href="/wiki/Raghunatha_Bhatta_Goswami" title="Raghunatha Bhatta Goswami">Raghunatha Bhatta</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baladeva_Vidyabhushana" title="Baladeva Vidyabhushana">Baladeva Vidyabhushana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gopalas" title="Gopalas">Gopalas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haridasa_Thakur" title="Haridasa Thakur">Haridasa Thakur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Krishnadasa_Kaviraja" title="Krishnadasa Kaviraja">Krishnadasa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Narottama_Dasa" title="Narottama Dasa">Narottama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Svarupa_Damodara" title="Svarupa Damodara">Svarupa Damodara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Visvanatha_Chakravarti" title="Visvanatha Chakravarti">Visvanatha Chakravarti</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#FFC569;">Modern</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bhaktivinoda_Thakur" title="Bhaktivinoda Thakur">Bhaktivinoda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bijoy_Krishna_Goswami" title="Bijoy Krishna Goswami">Bijoy Krishna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bhakti_Hridaya_Bon" title="Bhakti Hridaya Bon">Bon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bhaktisvarupa_Damodar_Swami" title="Bhaktisvarupa Damodar Swami">Bhaktisvarupa Damodar Swami</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gaura_Kisora_dasa_Babaji" class="mw-redirect" title="Gaura Kisora dasa Babaji">Gaurakiṣora</a></li> <li><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B0_%D0%93%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B8" class="extiw" title="ru:Говинда Госвами">Govinda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haridas_Shastri" title="Haridas Shastri">Haridas Shastri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harikesa_Swami" title="Harikesa Swami">Harikesa Swami</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jayapataka_Swami" title="Jayapataka Swami">Jayapataka Swami</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kailasa_Candra_Dasa" title="Kailasa Candra Dasa">Kailasa Candra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bhakti_Prajnan_Keshava" title="Bhakti Prajnan Keshava">Keshava</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Krishna_Prem" title="Krishna Prem">Krishna Prem</a></li> <li><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Srila_Narayana_Maharaja" class="extiw" title="pt:Srila Narayana Maharaja">Narayana</a></li> <li><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paramadvaiti_Swami" class="extiw" title="es:Paramadvaiti Swami">Paramadwaiti</a></li> <li><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%BA%D1%82%D0%B8_%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B4_%D0%9F%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B8_%D0%93%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B8" class="extiw" title="ru:Бхакти Прамод Пури Госвами">Puri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sadananda_Das" title="Sadananda Das">Sadananda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bhaktisiddhanta_Sarasvati_Thakura" class="mw-redirect" title="Bhaktisiddhanta Sarasvati Thakura">Sarasvati</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Satyanarayana_Dasa" title="Satyanarayana Dasa">Satyanarayana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shrivatsa_Goswami" title="Shrivatsa Goswami">Shrivatsa Goswami</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bhakti_Rakshak_Sridhar" title="Bhakti Rakshak Sridhar">Sridhar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/A._C._Bhaktivedanta_Swami_Prabhupada" title="A. C. Bhaktivedanta Swami Prabhupada">Swami (Prabhupada)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bhakti_Ballabh_Tirtha" title="Bhakti Ballabh Tirtha">Tirtha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Walther_Eidlitz" title="Walther Eidlitz">Vamandas</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#FFC569;">Organizations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gaudiya_Math" title="Gaudiya Math">Gaudiya Math</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gaudiya_Mission" title="Gaudiya Mission">Gaudiya Mission</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sri_Devananda_Gaudiya_Math" title="Sri Devananda Gaudiya Math">Gaudiya Vedanta Samiti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ISKCON" class="mw-redirect" title="ISKCON">ISKCON</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ISKCON_Revival_Movement" title="ISKCON Revival Movement">ISKCON Revival Movement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Science_of_Identity_Foundation" title="Science of Identity Foundation">Science of Identity Foundation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sri_Caitanya_Prema_Samsthana" class="mw-redirect" title="Sri Caitanya Prema Samsthana">Sri Caitanya Prema Samsthana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bhakti_Rakshak_Sridhar#Sri_Chaitanya_Saraswat_Math" title="Bhakti Rakshak Sridhar">Sri Chaitanya Saraswat Math</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bhakti_Hridaya_Bon#Sri_Sri_Radha_Govindaji_Trust" title="Bhakti Hridaya Bon">Sri Sri Radha Govindaji Trust</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Vaisnava_Association" title="World Vaisnava Association">World Vaisnava Association</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#FFC569;">Famous bhaktas</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hanuman" title="Hanuman">Hanuman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arjuna" title="Arjuna">Arjuna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prahlada" title="Prahlada">Prahlada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Narada" title="Narada">Narada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haridasa" title="Haridasa">Haridasa</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#FFC569;">Writers</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Vrindavana_Dasa_Thakura" class="mw-redirect" title="Vrindavana Dasa Thakura">Vrindavana Dasa Thakura</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vyasa" title="Vyasa">Vyasa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Valmiki" title="Valmiki">Valmiki</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#FFC569;"><a href="/wiki/Avatara" class="mw-redirect" title="Avatara">Avataras</a> of God</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Matsya" title="Matsya">Matsya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kurma" title="Kurma">Kurma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Varaha" title="Varaha">Varaha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Narasimha" title="Narasimha">Narasimha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vamana" title="Vamana">Vamana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parashurama" title="Parashurama">Parashurama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rama" title="Rama">Rama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Balarama" title="Balarama">Balarama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Krishna" title="Krishna">Krishna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gautama_Buddha" class="mw-redirect" title="Gautama Buddha">Buddha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kalki" title="Kalki">Kalki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dhanvantari" title="Dhanvantari">Dhanvantari</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kapila" title="Kapila">Kapila</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chaitanya_Mahaprabhu" title="Chaitanya Mahaprabhu">Caitanya</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#FFC569;">Topics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bhakti" title="Bhakti">Bhakti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Supreme_Personality_of_Godhead" class="mw-redirect" title="Supreme Personality of Godhead">Supreme Personality of Godhead</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sampradaya" title="Sampradaya">Sampradaya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parampara" class="mw-redirect" title="Parampara">Parampara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japa" title="Japa">Japa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yoga" title="Yoga">Yoga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meditation" title="Meditation">Meditation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hare_Krishna_(mantra)" title="Hare Krishna (mantra)">Hare Krishna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Achintya_Bheda_Abheda" title="Achintya Bheda Abheda">Achintya Bheda Abheda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mantra" title="Mantra">Mantras</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Puja_(Hinduism)" title="Puja (Hinduism)">Puja</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arati" class="mw-redirect" title="Arati">Arati</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bhajan" title="Bhajan">Bhajan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kirtan" title="Kirtan">Kirtan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sattvic_diet" title="Sattvic diet">Sattvic diet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ahimsa" title="Ahimsa">Ahimsa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rishis" class="mw-redirect" title="Rishis">Rishis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tilaka" title="Tilaka">Tilaka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guru" title="Guru">Guru</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diksha" title="Diksha">Diksha</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#FFC569;">Holy texts</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bhagavad_Gita" title="Bhagavad Gita">Bhagavad Gita</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shrimad_Bhagavatam" class="mw-redirect" title="Shrimad Bhagavatam">Shrimad Bhagavatam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vedas" title="Vedas">Vedas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chaitanya_Charitamrita" title="Chaitanya Charitamrita">Chaitanya Charitamrita</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ramayana" title="Ramayana">Ramayana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mahabharata" title="Mahabharata">Mahabharata</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Puranas" title="Puranas">Puranas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Upanishads" title="Upanishads">Upanishads</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chaitanya_Bhagavata" title="Chaitanya Bhagavata">Chaitanya Bhagavata</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#FFC569;">Spiritual abodes</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Goloka" title="Goloka">Goloka Vrindavan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vaikuntha" title="Vaikuntha">Vaikuntha</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#FFC569;">Holy attributes</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Padma_(attribute)" class="mw-redirect" title="Padma (attribute)">Lotus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sudarshana_Chakra" title="Sudarshana Chakra">Sudarshana Chakra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Narayanastra" title="Narayanastra">Narayanastra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kaumodaki" title="Kaumodaki">Kaumodaki</a></li> <li>Nandaki</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sharanga_(Hindu_mythology)" class="mw-redirect" title="Sharanga (Hindu mythology)">Sharangam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shankha" title="Shankha">Shankha</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#FFC569;">Holy days</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Rama_Navami" title="Rama Navami">Rama Navami</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Janmashtami" class="mw-redirect" title="Janmashtami">Janmashtami</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gaura-purnima" class="mw-redirect" title="Gaura-purnima">Gaura-purnima</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ekadashi" title="Ekadashi">Ekadashi</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#FFC569;"><a href="/wiki/Category:Names_of_God_in_Hinduism" title="Category:Names of God in Hinduism">Names of Godhead</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_titles_and_names_of_Krishna" title="List of titles and names of Krishna">List of titles and names of Krishna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_names_of_Vishnu" class="mw-redirect" title="List of names of Vishnu">List of names of Vishnu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hari" title="Hari">Hari</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Govinda" title="Govinda">Govinda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gopala-Krishna" title="Gopala-Krishna">Gopala</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/V%C4%81sudeva" title="Vāsudeva">Vāsudeva</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#FFC569;">Worship</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Karatalas" class="mw-redirect" title="Karatalas">Karatalas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mridangam" title="Mridangam">Mridangam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harmonium" class="mw-redirect" title="Harmonium">Harmonium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Incense_of_India" class="mw-redirect" title="Incense of India">Incense of India</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Om" title="Om">Om</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hindu_temple" title="Hindu temple">Hindu temple</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japamala" title="Japamala">Japamala</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#FFC569;">Comparative study</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Nastika" class="mw-redirect" title="Nastika">Nastika</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Advaita_Vedanta" title="Advaita Vedanta">Advaita</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adevism" title="Adevism">Adevism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anti-Hinduism" class="mw-redirect" title="Anti-Hinduism">Anti-Hinduism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Criticism_of_Hinduism" title="Criticism of Hinduism">Criticism of Hinduism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Persecution_of_Hindus" title="Persecution of Hindus">Persecution of Hindus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Asura_(Hinduism)" class="mw-redirect" title="Asura (Hinduism)">Asura</a></li> <li>Hinduism and other religions (<a href="/wiki/Buddhism_and_Hinduism" title="Buddhism and Hinduism">Buddhism and Hinduism</a> * <a href="/wiki/Gautama_Buddha_in_Hinduism" class="mw-redirect" title="Gautama Buddha in Hinduism">Gautama Buddha in Hinduism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jainism_and_Hinduism" class="mw-redirect" title="Jainism and Hinduism">Jainism and Hinduism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rama_in_Jainism" title="Rama in Jainism">Rama in Jainism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hindu%E2%80%93Islamic_relations" title="Hindu–Islamic relations">Hindu–Islamic relations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hinduism_and_Judaism" title="Hinduism and Judaism">Hinduism and Judaism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hinduism_and_Sikhism" title="Hinduism and Sikhism">Hinduism and Sikhism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bah%C3%A1%27%C3%AD_Faith_and_Hinduism" class="mw-redirect" title="Bahá'í Faith and Hinduism">Bahá'í Faith and Hinduism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christianity_in_India" title="Christianity in India">Christianity in India</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reincarnation" title="Reincarnation">Reincarnation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karma" title="Karma">Karma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diet_in_Hinduism" title="Diet in Hinduism">Diet in Hinduism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/God_in_Hinduism" title="God in Hinduism">God in Hinduism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moksha" title="Moksha">Moksha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samsara" class="mw-redirect" title="Samsara">Samsara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vegetarianism" title="Vegetarianism">Vegetarianism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Astika" class="mw-redirect" title="Astika">Astika</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#FFC569;">Offshoots</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jagadguru_Kripalu_Parishat" title="Jagadguru Kripalu Parishat">Jagadguru Kripalu Parishat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mahanam_Sampraday" class="mw-redirect" title="Mahanam Sampraday">Mahanam Sampraday</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#FFC569;">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jagannatha" class="mw-redirect" title="Jagannatha">Jagannatha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Narayana" title="Narayana">Narayana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brahman" title="Brahman">Brahman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paramatma" class="mw-redirect" title="Paramatma">Paramatma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bhagavan" title="Bhagavan">Bhagavan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tulasi" class="mw-redirect" title="Tulasi">Tulasi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Hindu_goddesses" title="Category:Hindu goddesses">Devis list</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tridevi" title="Tridevi">Tridevi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Radharani" class="mw-redirect" title="Radharani">Radharani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sita" title="Sita">Sita</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deva_(Hinduism)" title="Deva (Hinduism)">Deva</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Hindu_gods" title="Category:Hindu gods">Demigods list</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trimurti" title="Trimurti">Trimurti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indian_philosophy" title="Indian philosophy">Indian philosophy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dharma" title="Dharma">Dharma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Artha" title="Artha">Artha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arthashastra" title="Arthashastra">Arthashastra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kama" title="Kama">Kama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hindu_idealism" class="mw-redirect" title="Hindu idealism">Indian idealism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Varna_(Hinduism)" title="Varna (Hinduism)">Varna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ashrama_(stage)" class="mw-redirect" title="Ashrama (stage)">Ashrama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swami" title="Swami">Swami</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gosains" title="Gosains">Goswami</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Krishnology" class="mw-redirect" title="Krishnology">Krishnology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hinduism_by_country" title="Hinduism by country">Hinduism by country</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hindu_cosmology" title="Hindu cosmology">Hindu cosmology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hindu_units_of_time" title="Hindu units of time">Hindu units of time</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hindu_views_on_evolution" title="Hindu views on evolution">Hindu views on evolution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hindu_calendar" title="Hindu calendar">Hindu calendar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hindu_astrology" title="Hindu astrology">Hindu astrology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_numbers_in_Hindu_scriptures" title="List of numbers in Hindu scriptures">List of numbers in Hindu scriptures</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portal:Hinduism" title="Portal:Hinduism">Hinduism portal</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r886047488">.mw-parser-output .nobold{font-weight:normal}</style><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Modern_Gaudiya_Vaishnavas_(1800s_to_date)775" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background:lightyellow;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Modern_Gaudiya_Vaishnavas" title="Template:Modern Gaudiya Vaishnavas"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Modern_Gaudiya_Vaishnavas" title="Template talk:Modern Gaudiya Vaishnavas"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Modern_Gaudiya_Vaishnavas" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Modern Gaudiya Vaishnavas"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Modern_Gaudiya_Vaishnavas_(1800s_to_date)775" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Modern <a href="/wiki/Gaudiya_Vaishnavism" title="Gaudiya Vaishnavism">Gaudiya Vaishnavas</a> <small><span class="nobold">(1800s to date)</span></small></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;line-height:1.1em; padding:0.35em 1.0em; background:lightyellow;">The 19th – early 20th century</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bhaktivinoda_Thakur" title="Bhaktivinoda Thakur">Bhaktivinoda Thakur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bijoy_Krishna_Goswami" title="Bijoy Krishna Goswami">Bijoy Krishna Goswami</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gaurakisora_Dasa_Babaji" title="Gaurakisora Dasa Babaji">Gaurakisora Dasa Babaji</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Krishna_Prem" title="Krishna Prem">Sri Krishna Prem</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;line-height:1.1em; padding:0.35em 1.0em; background:lightyellow;"><a href="/wiki/Gaudiya_Math" title="Gaudiya Math">Gaudiya Math</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bhakti_Hridaya_Bon" title="Bhakti Hridaya Bon">Bhakti Hridaya Bon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bhaktisiddhanta_Sarasvati" title="Bhaktisiddhanta Sarasvati">Bhaktisiddhanta Sarasvati</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sadananda_Das" title="Sadananda Das">Sadananda Dasa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Walther_Eidlitz" title="Walther Eidlitz">Vamana Dasa</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;line-height:1.1em; padding:0.35em 1.0em; background:lightyellow;">Governing Body Commission,<br />and other <a class="mw-selflink selflink">ISKCON</a> Gurus</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/A._C._Bhaktivedanta_Swami_Prabhupada" title="A. C. Bhaktivedanta Swami Prabhupada">A. C. Bhaktivedanta Swami Prabhupada</a><sup>*</sup><sup>i</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bhakti_Caitanya_Swami" title="Bhakti Caitanya Swami">Bhakti Caitanya Swami</a><sup>*</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bhakti_Charu_Swami" title="Bhakti Charu Swami">Bhakti Charu Swami</a><sup>*</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bhaktisvarupa_Damodar_Swami" title="Bhaktisvarupa Damodar Swami">Bhaktisvarupa Damodar Swami</a><sup>*</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bhakti_Tirtha_Swami" title="Bhakti Tirtha Swami">Bhakti Tirtha Swami</a><sup>*</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bhakti_Vijnana_Goswami" title="Bhakti Vijnana Goswami">Bhakti Vijnana Goswami</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chaitanya_Chandra_Charan_Das" title="Chaitanya Chandra Charan Das">Chaitanya Chandra Charan Das</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Giriraja_Swami" title="Giriraja Swami">Giriraja Swami</a><sup>*</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indradyumna_Swami" title="Indradyumna Swami">Indradyumna Swami</a><sup>*</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jayadvaita_Swami" title="Jayadvaita Swami">Jayadvaita Swami</a><sup>*</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jayapataka_Swami" title="Jayapataka Swami">Jayapataka Swami</a><sup>*</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kadamba_Kanana_Swami" title="Kadamba Kanana Swami">Kadamba Kanana Swami</a><sup>*</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mukunda_Goswami" title="Mukunda Goswami">Mukunda Goswami</a><sup>*</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Radhanath_Swami" title="Radhanath Swami">Radhanath Swami</a><sup>*</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ravindra_Svarupa_Dasa" title="Ravindra Svarupa Dasa">Ravindra Svarupa Dasa</a><sup>*</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romapada_Swami" title="Romapada Swami">Romapada Swami</a><sup>*</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sacinandana_Swami" title="Sacinandana Swami">Sacinandana Swami</a><sup>*</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Satsvarupa_dasa_Goswami" title="Satsvarupa dasa Goswami">Satsvarupa dasa Goswami</a><sup>*</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tamal_Krishna_Goswami" title="Tamal Krishna Goswami">Tamal Krishna Goswami</a><sup>*</sup></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;line-height:1.1em; padding:0.35em 1.0em; background:lightyellow;">Other <a href="/wiki/List_of_International_Society_for_Krishna_Consciousness_members_and_patrons" title="List of International Society for Krishna Consciousness members and patrons">ISKCON Vaishnavas</a><br /><small><span class="nobold">(1966 to date)</span></small></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Shaw_Brown" title="Richard Shaw Brown">Richard Shaw Brown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Cremo" title="Michael Cremo">Michael Cremo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alfred_Ford" title="Alfred Ford">Alfred Ford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geoffrey_Giuliano" title="Geoffrey Giuliano">Geoffrey Giuliano</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hansadutta_Swami" title="Hansadutta Swami">Hansadutta Swami</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harikesa_Swami" title="Harikesa Swami">Harikesa Swami</a><sup>*</sup><sup>ii</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jayananda_Dasa" title="Jayananda Dasa">Jayananda Dasa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jayatirtha_Dasa" title="Jayatirtha Dasa">Jayatirtha Dasa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kirtanananda_Swami" title="Kirtanananda Swami">Kirtanananda Swami</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malati_Dasi" title="Malati Dasi">Malati Dasi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Radhika_Ramana_Dasa" class="mw-redirect" title="Radhika Ramana Dasa">Radhika Ramana Dasa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ramesh_Kallidai" title="Ramesh Kallidai">Ramesh Kallidai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ramesvara_Swami" title="Ramesvara Swami">Ramesvara Das</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ranchor_Prime" title="Ranchor Prime">Ranchor Prime</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sadhu_Priya_Das" title="Sadhu Priya Das">Sadhu Priya Das</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Steven_J._Rosen" title="Steven J. Rosen">Steven J. Rosen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Graham_Schweig" title="Graham Schweig">Graham Schweig</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shaunaka_Rishi_Das" title="Shaunaka Rishi Das">Shaunaka Rishi Das</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_L._Thompson" title="Richard L. Thompson">Richard L. Thompson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Visnujana_Swami" title="Visnujana Swami">Visnujana Swami</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yadunandana_Swami" title="Yadunandana Swami">Yadunandana Swami</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;line-height:1.1em; padding:0.35em 1.0em; background:lightyellow;">Gaudiya Math lineage</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bhakti_Ballabh_Tirtha" title="Bhakti Ballabh Tirtha">Bhakti Ballabh Tirtha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bhakti_Prajnan_Keshava" title="Bhakti Prajnan Keshava">Bhakti Prajnan Keshava</a><sup>i</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bhakti_Rakshak_Sridhar" title="Bhakti Rakshak Sridhar">Bhakti Rakshak Sridhar</a><sup>i</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kailasa_Candra_Dasa" title="Kailasa Candra Dasa">Kailasa Candra Dasa</a><sup>ii</sup></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;line-height:1.1em; padding:0.35em 1.0em; background:lightyellow;">Other lineages</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Haridas_Shastri" title="Haridas Shastri">Haridas Shastri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Satyanarayana_Dasa" title="Satyanarayana Dasa">Satyanarayana Dasa</a><sup>ii</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shrivatsa_Goswami" title="Shrivatsa Goswami">Shrivatsa Goswami</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;line-height:1.1em; padding:0.35em 1.0em; background:lightyellow;"><a href="/wiki/Gaudiya_Vaishnavism#Offshoots_of_Gaudiya_Vaishnavism" title="Gaudiya Vaishnavism">Modern offshoots</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kripalu_Maharaj" class="mw-redirect" title="Kripalu Maharaj">Kripalu Maharaj</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mahanambrata_Brahmachari" title="Mahanambrata Brahmachari">Mahanambrata Brahmachari</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prabhu_Jagadbandhu" title="Prabhu Jagadbandhu">Prabhu Jagadbandhu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prakashanand_Saraswati" title="Prakashanand Saraswati">Prakashanand Saraswati</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="background:lightyellow;padding-left:3em; text-align:right; padding:0.10em 0; line-height:1.0em;"><div><small>*<a href="/wiki/ISKCON_guru_system" title="ISKCON guru system">ISKCON guru</a></small><br /><small><sup>i</sup>Former Gaudiya Math member</small><br /><small><sup>ii</sup>Former ISKCON member</small></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Bengali_Hindus58" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3" style="background:#FFD699;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Bengali_Hindu_people" title="Template:Bengali Hindu people"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Bengali_Hindu_people" title="Template talk:Bengali Hindu people"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Bengali_Hindu_people" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Bengali Hindu people"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Bengali_Hindus58" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Bengali_Hindus" title="Bengali Hindus">Bengali Hindus</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#FFD699;;width:1%">Society</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#FFD699">Groups</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Babu_(title)" title="Babu (title)">Babu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bangal" title="Bangal">Bangal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bhadralok" title="Bhadralok">Bhadralok</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ghoti_people" class="mw-redirect" title="Ghoti people">Ghoti</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#FFD699">Castes</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aguri_(caste)" title="Aguri (caste)">Aguri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bagdi_caste" class="mw-redirect" title="Bagdi caste">Bagdi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baidya" title="Baidya">Baidya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baishya_Kapali" title="Baishya Kapali">Baishya Kapali</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baishya_Saha" title="Baishya Saha">Baishya Saha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barujibi" title="Barujibi">Barujibi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bauris" class="mw-redirect" title="Bauris">Bauri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bengali_Brahmins" class="mw-redirect" title="Bengali Brahmins">Brahmin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chunaru" title="Chunaru">Chunaru</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Doms" class="mw-redirect" title="Doms">Dom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gandhabanik" title="Gandhabanik">Gandhabanik</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suvarna_Banik" title="Suvarna Banik">Suvarna Banik</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hari_caste" title="Hari caste">Hari</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jalia_Kaibarta" title="Jalia Kaibarta"> Kaibartya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kansabanik" title="Kansabanik">Kansabanik</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karmakar" title="Karmakar">Karmakar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bengali_Kayastha" title="Bengali Kayastha">Kayastha</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kulin_Kayastha" title="Kulin Kayastha">Kulin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maulika_Kayastha" title="Maulika Kayastha">Maulika</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mahishya" title="Mahishya">Mahishya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mal_(caste)" title="Mal (caste)">Malla</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Namasudra" title="Namasudra">Namasudra</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Namasudra" title="Namasudra">Namassej</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Namasudra" title="Namasudra">Avarna</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sadgop" title="Sadgop">Sadgop</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shunri" title="Shunri">Shunri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yogi_Nath" title="Yogi Nath">Yogi</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="5" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Bengali_Swastika_Symbol.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Bengali_Swastika_Symbol.svg/100px-Bengali_Swastika_Symbol.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="184" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Bengali_Swastika_Symbol.svg/150px-Bengali_Swastika_Symbol.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Bengali_Swastika_Symbol.svg/200px-Bengali_Swastika_Symbol.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="942" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#FFD699;;width:1%">Religion</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#FFD699">Books</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bhagavad_Gita" title="Bhagavad Gita">Bhagavad Gita</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Devi_Mahatmya" title="Devi Mahatmya">Chandi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Panchali_(narrative_form)" title="Panchali (narrative form)">Panchali</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Namassejsantokotha" title="Namassejsantokotha">Matuasmritokotha</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#FFD699">Sects</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Brahmo" title="Brahmo">Brahmo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kartabhaja" title="Kartabhaja">Kartabhaja</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shaiva" class="mw-redirect" title="Shaiva">Shaiva</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shakta" class="mw-redirect" title="Shakta">Shakta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vaishnava" class="mw-redirect" title="Vaishnava">Vaishnava</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#FFD699">Orders</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Adi_Brahmo_Samaj" class="mw-redirect" title="Adi Brahmo Samaj">Adi Brahmo Samaj</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ananda_Marga" title="Ananda Marga">Ananda Marga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bharat_Sevashram_Sangha" title="Bharat Sevashram Sangha">Bharat Sevashram Sangha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brahmo_Conference_Organisation" title="Brahmo Conference Organisation">Brahmo Conference Organisation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brahmo_Samaj" title="Brahmo Samaj">Brahmo Samaj</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gaudiya_Math" title="Gaudiya Math">Gaudiya Math</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gaudiya_Mission" title="Gaudiya Mission">Gaudiya Mission</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">International Society for Krishna Consciousness</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Matua_Mahasangha" title="Matua Mahasangha">Matua Mahasangha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ramakrishna_Order" title="Ramakrishna Order">Ramakrishna Order</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Self-Realization_Fellowship" title="Self-Realization Fellowship">Self-Realization Fellowship</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sri_Aurobindo_Ashram" title="Sri Aurobindo Ashram">Sri Aurobindo Ashram</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vedanta_Society" title="Vedanta Society">Vedanta Society</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yogoda_Satsanga_Society_of_India" title="Yogoda Satsanga Society of India">Yogoda Satsanga Society of India</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#FFD699">Festivals</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Poila_Baisakh" class="mw-redirect" title="Poila Baisakh">Poila Baisakh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rabindra_Jayanti" title="Rabindra Jayanti">Rabindra Jayanti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Akshaya_Tritiya" title="Akshaya Tritiya">Akshaya Tritiya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vesak" title="Vesak">Buddho Purnima</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shashthi#Worship" title="Shashthi">Shashthi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Savitri_Brata" class="mw-redirect" title="Savitri Brata">Savitri Brata</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ambubachi_Mela" title="Ambubachi Mela">Ambubachi Mela</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dhamrai_Jagannath_Roth" class="mw-redirect" title="Dhamrai Jagannath Roth">Dhamrai Jagannath Roth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raksha_Bandhan" title="Raksha Bandhan">Jhulan Purnima</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Janmashtami" class="mw-redirect" title="Janmashtami">Janmashtami</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bhadu_(festival)" title="Bhadu (festival)">Bhadu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ganesh_Chaturthi" title="Ganesh Chaturthi">Ganesh Chaturthi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vishwakarma_Puja" class="mw-redirect" title="Vishwakarma Puja">Vishwakarma Puja</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Durga_Puja" title="Durga Puja">Durga Puja</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kojagari_Lakshmi_Puja" class="mw-redirect" title="Kojagari Lakshmi Puja">Lakshmi Puja</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diwali" title="Diwali">Diwali</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kali_Puja" title="Kali Puja">Kali Puja</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bhai_Phonta" class="mw-redirect" title="Bhai Phonta">Bhai Phonta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shakta_Rash" title="Shakta Rash">Shakta Rash</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nabanna" title="Nabanna">Nabanna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jagaddhatri" title="Jagaddhatri">Jagaddhatri Puja</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kalpataru_Day" title="Kalpataru Day">Kalpataru Day</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Youth_Day_(India)" title="National Youth Day (India)">Swami Vivekananda's Birthday</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Makar_Sankranti" title="Makar Sankranti">Makar Sankranti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maghotsab_of_Brahma_Samaj" title="Maghotsab of Brahma Samaj">Maghotsab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vasant_Panchami" title="Vasant Panchami">Saraswati Puja</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maha_Shivaratri" title="Maha Shivaratri">Maha Shivaratri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dol_Purnima" title="Dol Purnima">Dol Purnima</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dola_Yatra" class="mw-redirect" title="Dola Yatra">Holi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gajan_(festival)" title="Gajan (festival)">Gajan</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#FFD699;;width:1%">Culture</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#FFD699">Music</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Rabindra_Sangeet" title="Rabindra Sangeet">Rabindra Sangeet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shyama_Sangeet" title="Shyama Sangeet">Shyama Sangeet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kirtan" title="Kirtan">Kirtan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bishnupur_gharana" title="Bishnupur gharana">Bishnupur gharana</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#FFD699">Dance</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gaudiya_Nritya" title="Gaudiya Nritya">Gaudiya Nritya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rabindra_Nritya_Natya" title="Rabindra Nritya Natya">Rabindra Nritya Natya</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#FFD699">Literature</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Vaishnava_Padavali" title="Vaishnava Padavali">Vaishnava Padavali</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mangal-Kavya" class="mw-redirect" title="Mangal-Kavya">Mangal-Kavya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Panchali_(narrative_form)" title="Panchali (narrative form)"> Panchali</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kallol" title="Kallol">Kallol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hungry_generation" title="Hungry generation">Hungry generation</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#FFD699;;width:1%">Folk culture</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#FFD699">Folk art</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dhokra" title="Dhokra">Dhokra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sholapith" title="Sholapith">Sholapith</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#FFD699">Folk dance</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Raibenshe" title="Raibenshe">Raibenshe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chhau_dance" title="Chhau dance">Chhau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paika" title="Paika">Paika</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dhamail" title="Dhamail">Dhamail</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alkap" title="Alkap">Alkap</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gombhira" title="Gombhira">Gombhira</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kavigan" title="Kavigan">Kavigan</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#FFD699;;width:1%">Others</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bengali_Hindu_mythology_and_culture" class="mw-redirect" title="Bengali Hindu mythology and culture">Bengali Hindu mythology and culture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bengali_Hindu_diaspora" title="Bengali Hindu diaspora">Bengali Hindu diaspora</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Hindu_reform_movements93" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background:#FFC569;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Hindu_reform_movements" title="Template:Hindu reform movements"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Hindu_reform_movements" title="Template talk:Hindu reform movements"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Hindu_reform_movements" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Hindu reform movements"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Hindu_reform_movements93" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Hindu_reform_movements" title="Hindu reform movements">Hindu reform movements</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#FFC569;">Reform movements</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Adi_Dharm" title="Adi Dharm">Adi Dharm</a>/<a href="/wiki/Brahmoism" title="Brahmoism">Brahmoism</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Brahmo_Samaj" title="Brahmo Samaj">Brahmo Samaj</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sadharan_Brahmo_Samaj" title="Sadharan Brahmo Samaj">Sadharan Brahmo Samaj</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Advait_Mat" title="Advait Mat">Advait Mat</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Divine_Light_Mission" title="Divine Light Mission">Divine Light Mission</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/American_Meditation_Institute" title="American Meditation Institute">American Meditation Institute</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ananda_movement" class="mw-redirect" title="Ananda movement">Ananda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swami_Paramananda#In_the_West._Ananda_Ashrama" title="Swami Paramananda">Ananda Ashrama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ananda_Marga" title="Ananda Marga">Ananda Marga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shree_Shree_Anandamayee_Sangha" class="mw-redirect" title="Shree Shree Anandamayee Sangha">Anandamayee Sangha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Art_of_Living_Foundation" title="Art of Living Foundation">Art of Living</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arya_Samaj" title="Arya Samaj">Arya Samaj</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ayyavazhi" title="Ayyavazhi">Ayyavazhi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brahma_Kumaris" title="Brahma Kumaris">Brahma Kumaris</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chinmaya_Mission" title="Chinmaya Mission">Chinmaya Mission</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ganapathi_Sachchidananda#Organizations_founded" title="Ganapathi Sachchidananda">Datta Yoga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Divine_Life_Society" title="Divine Life Society">Divine Life Society</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hanuman_Foundation" class="mw-redirect" title="Hanuman Foundation">Hanuman Foundation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Himalayan_Institute_of_Yoga_Science_and_Philosophy" title="Himalayan Institute of Yoga Science and Philosophy">Himalayan Institute of Yoga Science and Philosophy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hindu_nationalism" title="Hindu nationalism">Hindu nationalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hindutva" title="Hindutva">Hindutva</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hindu_Janajagruti_Samiti" title="Hindu Janajagruti Samiti">Hindu Janajagruti Samiti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hindu_Mahasabha" title="Hindu Mahasabha">Hindu Mahasabha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hindu_Munnani" title="Hindu Munnani">Hindu Munnani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hindu_Sena" title="Hindu Sena">Hindu Sena</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hindu_Yuva_Vahini" title="Hindu Yuva Vahini">Hindu Yuva Vahini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sanatan_Sanstha" title="Sanatan Sanstha">Sanatan Sanstha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sangh_Parivar" title="Sangh Parivar">Sangh Parivar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vishva_Hindu_Parishad" title="Vishva Hindu Parishad">Vishva Hindu Parishad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rashtriya_Swayamsevak_Sangh" title="Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh">Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Vedanta_Society" title="International Vedanta Society">International Vedanta</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">ISKCON</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ISKCON_Revival_Movement" title="ISKCON Revival Movement">ISKCON Revival</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Isha_Foundation" title="Isha Foundation">Isha Foundation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hariharananda_Giri" title="Hariharananda Giri">Kriya Yoga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mahima_Dharma" title="Mahima Dharma">Mahima Dharma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mata_Amritanandamayi_Math" title="Mata Amritanandamayi Math">Mata Amritanandamayi Math</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Matua_Mahasangha" title="Matua Mahasangha">Matua Mahasangha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sree_Narayana_Dharma_Paripalana_Yogam_(SNDP)" class="mw-redirect" title="Sree Narayana Dharma Paripalana Yogam (SNDP)">Narayana Dharma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prarthana_Samaj" title="Prarthana Samaj">Prarthana Samaj</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ramakrishna_Mission" title="Ramakrishna Mission">Ramakrishna Mission</a> / <a href="/wiki/Vedanta_Society" title="Vedanta Society">Vedanta Societies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ravidassia" title="Ravidassia">Ravidassia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sahaja_Yoga" title="Sahaja Yoga">Sahaja Yoga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Contemporary_Sant_Mat_movements" title="Contemporary Sant Mat movements">Sant Mat</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Radha_Soami" title="Radha Soami">Radha Soami</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sathya_Sai_Baba_movement" title="Sathya Sai Baba movement">Sathya Sai Baba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Satsang_(Deoghar)" title="Satsang (Deoghar)">Satsang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Satya_Dharma" title="Satya Dharma">Satya Dharma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Satyashodhak_Samaj" title="Satyashodhak Samaj">Satyashodhak Samaj</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Science_of_Identity_Foundation" title="Science of Identity Foundation">Science of Identity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Self-Realization_Fellowship" title="Self-Realization Fellowship">Self-Realization Fellowship</a> / <a href="/wiki/Yogoda_Satsanga_Society_of_India" title="Yogoda Satsanga Society of India">Yogoda Satsanga</a></li> <li>Shirdi Sai Baba</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sivananda_yoga" title="Sivananda yoga">Sivananda yoga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sri_Aurobindo_Ashram" title="Sri Aurobindo Ashram">Sri Aurobindo Ashram</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sri_Ramana_Ashram" title="Sri Ramana Ashram">Sri Ramana Ashram</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Society_of_Abidance_in_Truth" title="Society of Abidance in Truth">Abidance in Truth</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swadhyaya_Movement" title="Swadhyaya Movement">Swadhyay Parivar</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Narnarayan_Dev_Yuvak_Mandal" title="Narnarayan Dev Yuvak Mandal">NNDYM</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transcendental_Meditation_movement" title="Transcendental Meditation movement">Transcendental Meditation</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#FFC569;">Topics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bhakti" title="Bhakti">Bhakti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brahmacharya" title="Brahmacharya">Brahmacharya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caste_system_in_India" title="Caste system in India">Caste</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ghar_Wapsi" title="Ghar Wapsi">Ghar Wapsi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moksha" title="Moksha">Moksha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neo-Vedanta" title="Neo-Vedanta">Neo-Vedanta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Persecution_of_Hindus" title="Persecution of Hindus">Persecution of Hindus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shuddhi_(Hinduism)" title="Shuddhi (Hinduism)">Shuddhi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Women_in_Hinduism" title="Women in Hinduism">Women in Hinduism</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#FFC569;"><a href="/wiki/Guru" title="Guru">Gurus</a> and <br /> revivalist writers</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Meher_Baba" title="Meher Baba">Meher Baba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mata_Amritanandamayi" title="Mata Amritanandamayi">Amritanandamayi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gururaj_Ananda_Yogi" title="Gururaj Ananda Yogi">Ananda Yogi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anandamayi_Ma" title="Anandamayi Ma">Anandamayi Ma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anukulchandra_Chakravarty" title="Anukulchandra Chakravarty">Anukulchandra Chakravarty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arumuka_Navalar" title="Arumuka Navalar">Arumuka Navalar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pandurang_Shastri_Athavale" title="Pandurang Shastri Athavale">Athavale</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sri_Aurobindo" title="Sri Aurobindo">Aurobindo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boro_Maa" title="Boro Maa">Boro Maa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bankim_Chandra_Chatterjee" title="Bankim Chandra Chatterjee">Chatterjee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chinmayananda_Saraswati" title="Chinmayananda Saraswati">Chinmayananda Saraswati</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sri_Chinmoy" title="Sri Chinmoy">Chinmoy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dayananda_Saraswati" title="Dayananda Saraswati">Dayananda Saraswati</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daya_Mata" title="Daya Mata">Daya Mata</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ganapathi_Sachchidananda" title="Ganapathi Sachchidananda">Ganapathi Sachchidananda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haidakhan_Babaji" title="Haidakhan Babaji">Haidakhan Babaji</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hariharananda_Giri" title="Hariharananda Giri">Hariharananda Giri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sadhguru" title="Sadhguru">Jaggi Vasudev</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jyotirao_Phule" title="Jyotirao Phule">Jyotirao Phule</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kalki_Bhagawan" title="Kalki Bhagawan">Kalki Bhagawan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Narasimha_Chintaman_Kelkar" title="Narasimha Chintaman Kelkar">Kelkar, N. C.</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kriyananda" title="Kriyananda">Kriyananda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dada_Lekhraj" title="Dada Lekhraj">Lekhraj</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maharishi_Mahesh_Yogi" title="Maharishi Mahesh Yogi">Maharishi Mahesh Yogi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mahatma_Gandhi" title="Mahatma Gandhi">Mahatma Gandhi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mirra_Alfassa" title="Mirra Alfassa">Mirra Alfassa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Narayana_Guru" title="Narayana Guru">Narayana Guru</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neem_Karoli_Baba" title="Neem Karoli Baba">Neem Karoli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nirmala_Srivastava" title="Nirmala Srivastava">Nirmala</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swami_Paramananda" title="Swami Paramananda">Paramananda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prem_Rawat" title="Prem Rawat">Prem Rawat</a></li> <li>Ram Chandra</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ram_Dass" title="Ram Dass">Ram Dass</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ram_Mohan_Roy" class="mw-redirect" title="Ram Mohan Roy">Ram Mohan Roy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ramakrishna" title="Ramakrishna">Ramakrishna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ramana_Maharshi" title="Ramana Maharshi">Ramana Maharshi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ravi_Shankar_(spiritual_leader)" title="Ravi Shankar (spiritual leader)">Ravi Shankar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prabhat_Ranjan_Sarkar" title="Prabhat Ranjan Sarkar">Sarkar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sathya_Sai_Baba" title="Sathya Sai Baba">Sathya Sai Baba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vinayak_Damodar_Savarkar" title="Vinayak Damodar Savarkar">Savarkar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Keshub_Chandra_Sen" title="Keshub Chandra Sen">Sen, K. C.</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swami_Shraddhanand" title="Swami Shraddhanand">Shraddhanand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sister_Nivedita" title="Sister Nivedita">Sister Nivedita</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sivananda_Saraswati" title="Sivananda Saraswati">Sivananda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swami_Rama" title="Swami Rama">Swami Rama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Debendranath_Tagore" title="Debendranath Tagore">Tagore, D.</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bal_Gangadhar_Tilak" title="Bal Gangadhar Tilak">Tilak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sadhu_Vaswani" title="Sadhu Vaswani">Vaswani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swami_Vipulananda" title="Swami Vipulananda">Vipulananda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vishnudevananda_Saraswati" title="Vishnudevananda Saraswati">Vishnudevananda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swami_Vivekananda" title="Swami Vivekananda">Vivekananda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paramahansa_Yogananda" title="Paramahansa Yogananda">Yogananda</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Category:Hindu_revivalists" title="Category:Hindu revivalists">more</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#FFC569;">General</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Indian_diaspora" title="Indian diaspora">Indian diaspora</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indianisation" title="Indianisation">Indianisation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Indian_influence_on_Southeast_Asia" title="History of Indian influence on Southeast Asia">Influence of Indian religions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indian_religions" title="Indian religions">Indian-origin religions</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hinduism" title="Hinduism">Hinduism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Buddhism" title="Buddhism">Buddhism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jainism" title="Jainism">Jainism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sikhism" title="Sikhism">Sikhism</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Persecution_of_Hindus" title="Persecution of Hindus">Persecution of Hindus</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Veganism_and_vegetarianism366" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Veganism_and_vegetarianism" title="Template:Veganism and vegetarianism"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Veganism_and_vegetarianism" title="Template talk:Veganism and vegetarianism"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Veganism_and_vegetarianism" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Veganism and vegetarianism"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Veganism_and_vegetarianism366" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Veganism" title="Veganism">Veganism</a> and <a href="/wiki/Vegetarianism" title="Vegetarianism">vegetarianism</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Perspectives</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Veganism" title="Veganism">Veganism</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Animal-free_agriculture" title="Animal-free agriculture">Animal-free agriculture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black_veganism" title="Black veganism">Black veganism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fruitarianism" title="Fruitarianism">Fruitarianism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Veganism#History" title="Veganism">History</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raw_veganism" class="mw-redirect" title="Raw veganism">Raw veganism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Straight_edge" title="Straight edge">Straight edge</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hardline_(subculture)" title="Hardline (subculture)">Hardline</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vegan_nutrition" title="Vegan nutrition">Nutrition</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vegan_organic_agriculture" title="Vegan organic agriculture">Vegan organic agriculture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vegan_school_meal" title="Vegan school meal">Vegan school meal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vegan_studies" title="Vegan studies">Vegan studies</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Vegetarianism" title="Vegetarianism">Vegetarianism</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Economic_vegetarianism" title="Economic vegetarianism">Economic vegetarianism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Environmental_vegetarianism" title="Environmental vegetarianism">Environmental vegetarianism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_vegetarianism" title="History of vegetarianism">History</a> (<a href="/wiki/Vegetarianism_in_the_Romantic_Era" title="Vegetarianism in the Romantic Era">Romantic Era</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orthopathy" title="Orthopathy">Orthopathy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lacto_vegetarianism" title="Lacto vegetarianism">Lacto vegetarianism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lacto-ovo_vegetarianism" title="Lacto-ovo vegetarianism">Lacto-ovo vegetarianism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ovo_vegetarianism" title="Ovo vegetarianism">Ovo vegetarianism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vegetarian_cuisine" title="Vegetarian cuisine">Cuisine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vegetarian_Diet_Pyramid" title="Vegetarian Diet Pyramid">Vegetarian Diet Pyramid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vegetarian_ecofeminism" title="Vegetarian ecofeminism">Ecofeminism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vegetarian_nutrition" title="Vegetarian nutrition">Nutrition</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vegetarianism_by_country" title="Vegetarianism by country">By country</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;">Lists</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_vegetarians" title="List of vegetarians">Vegetarians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_vegans" title="List of vegans">Vegans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_fictional_vegetarian_and_vegan_characters" title="List of fictional vegetarian and vegan characters">Fictional characters</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_vegetarian_and_vegan_festivals" title="List of vegetarian and vegan festivals">Festivals</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_vegetarian_and_vegan_organizations" title="List of vegetarian and vegan organizations">Organizations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_vegan_and_plant-based_media" title="List of vegan and plant-based media">Vegan media</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Ethics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Secular_ethics" title="Secular ethics">Secular</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Animal_rights" title="Animal rights">Animal rights</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Animal_welfare" title="Animal welfare">Animal welfare</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carnism" title="Carnism">Carnism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deep_ecology" title="Deep ecology">Deep ecology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Environmental_vegetarianism" title="Environmental vegetarianism">Environmental vegetarianism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ethics_of_eating_meat" title="Ethics of eating meat">Ethics of eating meat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meat_paradox" class="mw-redirect" title="Meat paradox">Meat paradox</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nonviolence" title="Nonviolence">Nonviolence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Replaceability_argument" title="Replaceability argument">Replaceability argument</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sentientism" title="Sentientism">Sentientism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Speciesism" title="Speciesism">Speciesism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tirukku%E1%B9%9Fa%E1%B8%B7" class="mw-redirect" title="Tirukkuṟaḷ">Tirukkuṟaḷ</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Vegetarianism_and_religion" title="Vegetarianism and religion">Religious</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Buddhist_vegetarianism" title="Buddhist vegetarianism">Buddhism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_vegetarianism" title="Christian vegetarianism">Christianity</a> (<a href="/wiki/Seventh-day_Adventist_Church" title="Seventh-day Adventist Church">Seventh-day Adventist Church</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diet_in_Hinduism" title="Diet in Hinduism">Hinduism</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sattvic_diet" title="Sattvic diet">Sattvic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ahimsa" title="Ahimsa">Ahimsa</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islamic_vegetarianism" title="Islamic vegetarianism">Islam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jain_vegetarianism" title="Jain vegetarianism">Jainism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jewish_vegetarianism" title="Jewish vegetarianism">Judaism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pythagoreanism#Vegetarianism" title="Pythagoreanism">Pythagoreanism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ital" title="Ital">Rastafari</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diet_in_Sikhism" title="Diet in Sikhism">Sikhism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taoist_diet" title="Taoist diet">Taoism</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Food<br />and drink</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_vegetarian_and_vegan_companies" title="List of vegetarian and vegan companies">List of vegetarian and vegan companies</a></li> <li>Dairy alternatives <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Coconut_milk" title="Coconut milk">Coconut milk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plant_cream" title="Plant cream">Plant cream</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plant_milk" title="Plant milk">Plant milk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Soy_yogurt" title="Soy yogurt">Soy yogurt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vegan_cheese" title="Vegan cheese">Cheese</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meat_alternative" title="Meat alternative">Meat alternatives</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_meat_substitutes" title="List of meat substitutes">List of meat substitutes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vegetarian_bacon" title="Vegetarian bacon">Bacon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Veggie_burger" title="Veggie burger">Burgers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mock_duck" title="Mock duck">Duck</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vegetarian_hot_dog" title="Vegetarian hot dog">Hot dogs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vegan_jambon" class="mw-redirect" title="Vegan jambon">Jambon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quorn" title="Quorn">Quorn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meat-free_sausage_roll" title="Meat-free sausage roll">Sausage roll</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wheat_gluten_(food)" class="mw-redirect" title="Wheat gluten (food)">Seitan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tempeh" title="Tempeh">Tempeh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tofu" title="Tofu">Tofu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tofurkey" title="Tofurkey">Tofurkey</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gelatin_dessert#Gelatin_substitutes" title="Gelatin dessert">Gelatin substitutes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vegetarian_and_non-vegetarian_marks" class="mw-redirect" title="Vegetarian and non-vegetarian marks">Vegetarian mark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vegetarianism_and_beer" title="Vegetarianism and beer">Beer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vegetarianism_and_wine" title="Vegetarianism and wine">Wine</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_vegetarian_and_vegan_organizations" title="List of vegetarian and vegan organizations">Groups</a><br />and <a href="/wiki/List_of_vegetarian_and_vegan_festivals" title="List of vegetarian and vegan festivals">events</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6.5em;font-weight:normal;">Vegan</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/American_Vegan_Society" title="American Vegan Society">American Vegan Society</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beauty_Without_Cruelty" title="Beauty Without Cruelty">Beauty Without Cruelty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/China_Vegan_Society" class="mw-redirect" title="China Vegan Society">China Vegan Society</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Food_Empowerment_Project" title="Food Empowerment Project">Food Empowerment Project</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Go_Vegan" title="Go Vegan">Go Vegan</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nederlandse_Vereniging_voor_Veganisme" title="Nederlandse Vereniging voor Veganisme">Nederlandse Vereniging voor Veganisme</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Our_Hen_House" class="mw-redirect" title="Our Hen House">Our Hen House</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Physicians_Committee_for_Responsible_Medicine" title="Physicians Committee for Responsible Medicine">Physicians Committee for Responsible Medicine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plamil_Foods" title="Plamil Foods">Plamil Foods</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vegan_Awareness_Foundation" title="Vegan Awareness Foundation">Vegan Awareness Foundation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vegan_flag" class="mw-redirect" title="Vegan flag">Vegan flag</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vegan_Outreach" title="Vegan Outreach">Vegan Outreach</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vegan_Prisoners_Support_Group" title="Vegan Prisoners Support Group">Vegan Prisoners Support Group</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Vegan_Society" title="The Vegan Society">The Vegan Society</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Veganmania" title="Veganmania">Veganmania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vegetarian_Resource_Group" title="Vegetarian Resource Group">Vegetarian Resource Group</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Veganuary" title="Veganuary">Veganuary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Veganz" title="Veganz">Veganz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Vegan_Day" title="World Vegan Day">World Vegan Day</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6.5em;font-weight:normal;">Vegetarian</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alcott_House" title="Alcott House">Alcott House</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bible_Christian_Church_(vegetarian)" title="Bible Christian Church (vegetarian)">Bible Christian Church</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boston_Vegetarian_Society" title="Boston Vegetarian Society">Boston Vegetarian Society</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_Vegetarian_Association" title="Christian Vegetarian Association">Christian Vegetarian Association</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eden_Gemeinn%C3%BCtzige_Obstbau-Siedlung" title="Eden Gemeinnützige Obstbau-Siedlung">Eden Gemeinnützige Obstbau-Siedlung</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_Vegetarian_Union" title="European Vegetarian Union">European Vegetarian Union</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/French_Vegetarian_Society" title="French Vegetarian Society">French Vegetarian Society</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hare_Krishna_Food_for_Life" class="mw-redirect" title="Hare Krishna Food for Life">Hare Krishna Food for Life</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Vegetarian_Union" title="International Vegetarian Union">International Vegetarian Union</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jewish_Veg" title="Jewish Veg">Jewish Veg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meat-free_days" title="Meat-free days">Meat-free days</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Meatless_Monday" title="Meatless Monday">Meatless Monday</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Friday_fast" title="Friday fast">Friday fast</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_American_Vegetarian_Society" title="North American Vegetarian Society">North American Vegetarian Society</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Order_of_the_Golden_Age" title="Order of the Golden Age">Order of the Golden Age</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ProVeg_Deutschland" title="ProVeg Deutschland">ProVeg Deutschland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ProVeg_International" title="ProVeg International">ProVeg International</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ProVeg_Nederland" title="ProVeg Nederland">ProVeg Nederland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scottish_Vegetarian_Society" title="Scottish Vegetarian Society">Scottish Vegetarian Society</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swissveg" title="Swissveg">Swissveg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Toronto_Vegetarian_Association" title="Toronto Vegetarian Association">Toronto Vegetarian Association</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vegetarian_Federal_Union" title="Vegetarian Federal Union">Vegetarian Federal Union</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vegetarian_Society" title="Vegetarian Society">Vegetarian Society</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vegetarian_Society_(Singapore)" title="Vegetarian Society (Singapore)">Vegetarian Society (Singapore)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Veggie_Pride" title="Veggie Pride">Veggie Pride</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Viva!_Health" title="Viva! Health">Viva! Health</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Esperantist_Vegetarian_Association" title="World Esperantist Vegetarian Association">World Esperantist Vegetarian Association</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Vegetarian_Day" title="World Vegetarian Day">World Vegetarian Day</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_vegan_media" class="mw-redirect" title="List of vegan media">Films</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Animals_Film" title="The Animals Film">The Animals Film</a></i> (1981)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Diet_for_a_New_America_(film)" title="Diet for a New America (film)">Diet for a New America (film)</a></i> (1991)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/A_Cow_at_My_Table" title="A Cow at My Table">A Cow at My Table</a></i> (1998)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Meet_Your_Meat" title="Meet Your Meat">Meet Your Meat</a></i> (2002)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Post_Punk_Kitchen" title="Post Punk Kitchen">Post Punk Kitchen</a></i> (2003–2005)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Peaceable_Kingdom_(film)" title="Peaceable Kingdom (film)">Peaceable Kingdom</a></i> (2004)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Earthlings_(film)" title="Earthlings (film)">Earthlings</a></i> (2005)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/A_Sacred_Duty" title="A Sacred Duty">A Sacred Duty</a></i> (2007)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Fat,_Sick_and_Nearly_Dead" title="Fat, Sick and Nearly Dead">Fat, Sick and Nearly Dead</a></i> (2010)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Planeat" title="Planeat">Planeat</a></i> (2010)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Forks_Over_Knives" title="Forks Over Knives">Forks Over Knives</a></i> (2011)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Vegucated" title="Vegucated">Vegucated</a></i> (2011)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Live_and_Let_Live_(2013_film)" title="Live and Let Live (2013 film)">Live and Let Live</a></i> (2013)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Cowspiracy" title="Cowspiracy">Cowspiracy</a></i> (2014)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/PlantPure_Nation" title="PlantPure Nation">PlantPure Nation</a></i> (2015)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/What_the_Health" title="What the Health">What the Health</a></i> (2017)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Carnage_(2017_film)" title="Carnage (2017 film)">Carnage</a></i> (2017)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Dominion_(2018_film)" title="Dominion (2018 film)">Dominion</a></i> (2018)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Eating_You_Alive" title="Eating You Alive">Eating You Alive</a></i> (2018)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Game_Changers" title="The Game Changers">The Game Changers</a></i> (2018)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Maa_Ka_Doodh" title="Maa Ka Doodh">Maa Ka Doodh</a></i> (2023)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/You_Are_What_You_Eat:_A_Twin_Experiment" title="You Are What You Eat: A Twin Experiment">You Are What You Eat: A Twin Experiment</a></i> (2024)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_vegan_media" class="mw-redirect" title="List of vegan media">Magazines</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Naked_Food" title="Naked Food">Naked Food</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Satya_(magazine)" title="Satya (magazine)">Satya</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Vegetarian_Magazine" title="The Vegetarian Magazine">The Vegetarian Magazine</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Vegan_Journal" class="mw-redirect" title="Vegan Journal">Vegan Journal</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Vegetarian_Times" title="Vegetarian Times">Vegetarian Times</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/VegNews" title="VegNews">VegNews</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Animals%27_Agenda" class="mw-redirect" title="The Animals' Agenda">The Animals' Agenda</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_vegan_media" class="mw-redirect" title="List of vegan media">Books</a>,<br />reports,<br /> journals</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/On_Abstinence_from_Eating_Animals" title="On Abstinence from Eating Animals">On Abstinence from Eating Animals</a></i> (3rd century)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/An_Essay_on_Abstinence_from_Animal_Food,_as_a_Moral_Duty" title="An Essay on Abstinence from Animal Food, as a Moral Duty">An Essay on Abstinence from Animal Food, as a Moral Duty</a></i> (1802)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Vegetable_Cookery" title="Vegetable Cookery">Vegetable Cookery</a></i> (1812)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/A_Vindication_of_Natural_Diet" title="A Vindication of Natural Diet">A Vindication of Natural Diet</a></i> (1813)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Reasons_for_not_Eating_Animal_Food" class="mw-redirect" title="Reasons for not Eating Animal Food">Reasons for not Eating Animal Food</a></i> (1814)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Moral_Inquiries_on_the_Situation_of_Man_and_of_Brutes" title="Moral Inquiries on the Situation of Man and of Brutes">Moral Inquiries on the Situation of Man and of Brutes</a></i> (1824)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Nature%27s_Own_Book" class="mw-redirect" title="Nature's Own Book">Nature's Own Book</a></i> (1835)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Fruits_and_Farinacea" title="Fruits and Farinacea">Fruits and Farinacea</a></i> (1845)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Pleasure_Boat" title="The Pleasure Boat">The Pleasure Boat</a></i> (1845)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Ethics_of_Diet" title="The Ethics of Diet">The Ethics of Diet</a></i> (1883)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/What_is_Vegetarianism%3F" title="What is Vegetarianism?">What is Vegetarianism?</a></i> (1886)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Shelley%27s_Vegetarianism" title="Shelley's Vegetarianism">Shelley's Vegetarianism</a></i> (1891)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Behind_the_Scenes_in_Slaughter-Houses" title="Behind the Scenes in Slaughter-Houses">Behind the Scenes in Slaughter-Houses</a></i> (1892)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Why_I_Am_a_Vegetarian" title="Why I Am a Vegetarian">Why I Am a Vegetarian</a></i> (1895)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Figs_or_Pigs%3F" title="Figs or Pigs?">Figs or Pigs?</a></i> (1896)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Fifty_Years_of_Food_Reform" class="mw-redirect" title="Fifty Years of Food Reform">Fifty Years of Food Reform</a></i> (1898)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Thirty-nine_Reasons_Why_I_Am_a_Vegetarian" title="Thirty-nine Reasons Why I Am a Vegetarian">Thirty-nine Reasons Why I Am a Vegetarian</a></i> (1903)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Meat_Fetish" title="The Meat Fetish">The Meat Fetish</a></i> (1904)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_New_Ethics" title="The New Ethics">The New Ethics</a></i> (1907)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/A_Fleshless_Diet" class="mw-redirect" title="A Fleshless Diet">A Fleshless Diet</a></i> (1910)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Benefits_of_Vegetarianism" title="The Benefits of Vegetarianism">The Benefits of Vegetarianism</a></i> (1927)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Living_the_Good_Life" title="Living the Good Life">Living the Good Life</a></i> (1954)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Ten_Talents_(cookbook)" title="Ten Talents (cookbook)">Ten Talents</a></i> (1968)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Diet_for_a_Small_Planet" title="Diet for a Small Planet">Diet for a Small Planet</a></i> (1971)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Vegetarian_Epicure" title="The Vegetarian Epicure">The Vegetarian Epicure</a></i> (1972)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Moosewood_Restaurant" title="Moosewood Restaurant">Moosewood Collective Cookbooks</a></i> (1973)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Farm_Vegetarian_Cookbook" title="The Farm Vegetarian Cookbook">The Farm Vegetarian Cookbook</a></i> (1975)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Laurel%27s_Kitchen" title="Laurel's Kitchen">Laurel's Kitchen</a></i> (1976)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Moosewood_Cookbook" title="Moosewood Cookbook">Moosewood Cookbook</a></i> (1977)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Fit_for_Life" title="Fit for Life">Fit for Life</a></i> (1985)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Diet_for_a_New_America" title="Diet for a New America">Diet for a New America</a></i> (1987)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Sexual_Politics_of_Meat" title="The Sexual Politics of Meat">The Sexual Politics of Meat</a></i> (1990)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Vegetarian_Cooking_for_Everyone" title="Vegetarian Cooking for Everyone">Vegetarian Cooking for Everyone</a></i> (1997)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_China_Study" title="The China Study">The China Study</a></i> (2005)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Skinny_Bitch" title="Skinny Bitch">Skinny Bitch</a></i> (2005)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Livestock%27s_Long_Shadow" title="Livestock's Long Shadow">Livestock's Long Shadow</a></i> (2006)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Bloodless_Revolution_(book)" title="The Bloodless Revolution (book)">The Bloodless Revolution</a></i> (2006)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Eating_Animals" title="Eating Animals">Eating Animals</a></i> (2009)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Why_We_Love_Dogs,_Eat_Pigs,_and_Wear_Cows" title="Why We Love Dogs, Eat Pigs, and Wear Cows">Why We Love Dogs, Eat Pigs, and Wear Cows</a></i> (2009)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Vegan_Studies_Project" title="The Vegan Studies Project">The Vegan Studies Project</a></i> (2015)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Animal_(De)liberation" title="Animal (De)liberation">Animal (De)liberation</a></i> (2016)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_End_of_Animal_Farming" title="The End of Animal Farming">The End of Animal Farming</a></i> (2018)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Vegetable_Kingdom:_The_Abundant_World_of_Vegan_Recipes" class="mw-redirect" title="Vegetable Kingdom: The Abundant World of Vegan Recipes">Vegetable Kingdom</a></i> (2020)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Making_a_Stand_for_Animals" title="Making a Stand for Animals">Making a Stand for Animals</a></i> (2022)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Meat_Atlas" title="Meat Atlas">Meat Atlas</a></i> (annual)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_vegetarian_and_vegan_restaurants" title="List of vegetarian and vegan restaurants">Restaurants</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6.5em;font-weight:normal;">Active</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ben_%26_Esther%27s_Vegan_Jewish_Deli" title="Ben & Esther's Vegan Jewish Deli">Ben & Esther's Vegan Jewish Deli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cinnaholic" title="Cinnaholic">Cinnaholic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crossroads_Kitchen" title="Crossroads Kitchen">Crossroads Kitchen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Green_Elephant_Vegetarian_Bistro" title="Green Elephant Vegetarian Bistro">Green Elephant Vegetarian Bistro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greens_Restaurant" title="Greens Restaurant">Greens Restaurant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elizabeth%27s_Gone_Raw" title="Elizabeth's Gone Raw">Elizabeth's Gone Raw</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hiltl_Restaurant" title="Hiltl Restaurant">Hiltl Restaurant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Little_Pine_(restaurant)" title="Little Pine (restaurant)">Little Pine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moosewood_Restaurant" title="Moosewood Restaurant">Moosewood Restaurant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Purezza" title="Purezza">Purezza</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slutty_Vegan" title="Slutty Vegan">Slutty Vegan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Souley_Vegan" title="Souley Vegan">Souley Vegan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Sound_Lounge,_London" title="The Sound Lounge, London">The Sound Lounge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Veggie_Galaxy" title="Veggie Galaxy">Veggie Galaxy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Veggie_Grill" title="Veggie Grill">Veggie Grill</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6.5em;font-weight:normal;">Former</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cranks_(restaurant)" title="Cranks (restaurant)">Cranks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Food_for_Thought_(restaurant)" title="Food for Thought (restaurant)">Food for Thought</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/InSpiral_Lounge" title="InSpiral Lounge">InSpiral Lounge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lentil_as_Anything" title="Lentil as Anything">Lentil as Anything</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minerva_Caf%C3%A9" title="Minerva Café">Minerva Café</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Riverside_Cafe" title="New Riverside Cafe">New Riverside Cafe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nix_(restaurant)" title="Nix (restaurant)">Nix</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Penny_Cafeteria" title="Penny Cafeteria">Penny Cafeteria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pink_Peacock" title="Pink Peacock">Pink Peacock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Hollow_Reed" title="The Hollow Reed">The Hollow Reed</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Pitman_Vegetarian_Hotel" title="The Pitman Vegetarian Hotel">The Pitman Vegetarian Hotel</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Vegetarian_and_vegan_symbolism" title="Vegetarian and vegan symbolism">Vegetarian and vegan symbolism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Juice_fasting" title="Juice fasting">Juice fasting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vegetarian_and_vegan_dog_diet" title="Vegetarian and vegan dog diet">Vegetarian and vegan dog diet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vegaphobia" title="Vegaphobia">Vegaphobia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plant-based_diet" title="Plant-based diet">Plant-based diet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plant-based_action_plan" title="Plant-based action plan">Plant-based action plan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sustainable_diet" title="Sustainable diet">Sustainable diet</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Low-carbon_diet" title="Low-carbon diet">Low-carbon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Planetary_health_diet" title="Planetary health diet">Planetary health</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="New_religious_movements155" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:New_Religious_Movements" title="Template:New Religious Movements"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:New_Religious_Movements" title="Template talk:New Religious Movements"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:New_Religious_Movements" title="Special:EditPage/Template:New Religious Movements"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="New_religious_movements155" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/New_religious_movement" title="New religious movement">New religious movements</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Major groups</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Adi_Dharm" title="Adi Dharm">Adi Dharm</a>/<a href="/wiki/Brahmoism" title="Brahmoism">Brahmoism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adventism" title="Adventism">Adventism</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Church_of_God_(Seventh_Day)" title="Church of God (Seventh Day)">CoG7</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seventh-day_Adventist_Church" title="Seventh-day Adventist Church">SDA</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aetherius_Society" title="Aetherius Society">Aetherius Society</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ahmadiyya" title="Ahmadiyya">Ahmadiyya</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lahore_Ahmadiyya_Movement" title="Lahore Ahmadiyya Movement">Lahore Ahmadiyya</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ananda_Marga" title="Ananda Marga">Ananda Marga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AMORC" title="AMORC">AMORC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anthroposophical_Society" title="Anthroposophical Society">Anthroposophy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antoinism" title="Antoinism">Antoinism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Armstrongism" title="Armstrongism">Armstrongism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/B%C3%A1bism" title="Bábism">Bábism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bah%C3%A1%CA%BC%C3%AD_Faith" title="Baháʼí Faith">Baháʼí Faith</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bible_Student_movement" title="Bible Student movement">Bible Students</a>/<a href="/wiki/Jehovah%27s_Witnesses" title="Jehovah's Witnesses">Jehovah's Witnesses</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black_Hebrew_Israelites" title="Black Hebrew Israelites">Black Hebrew Israelites</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brahma_Kumaris" title="Brahma Kumaris">Brahma Kumaris</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Branch_Davidians" title="Branch Davidians">Branch Davidians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brotherhood_of_the_Cross_and_Star" title="Brotherhood of the Cross and Star">Brotherhood of the Cross and Star</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caodaism" title="Caodaism">Caodaism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chabad" title="Chabad">Chabad</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Noahidism" title="Noahidism">Noahidism</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charismatic_Christianity" title="Charismatic Christianity">Charismatic Christianity</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pentecostalism" title="Pentecostalism">Pentecostal</a> (<a href="/wiki/Oneness_Pentecostalism" title="Oneness Pentecostalism">Oneness</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charismatic_movement" title="Charismatic movement">Charismatic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neo-charismatic_movement" title="Neo-charismatic movement">Neo-charismatic</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chinese_salvationist_religions" title="Chinese salvationist religions">Chinese salvationist religions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chinmaya_Mission" title="Chinmaya Mission">Chinmaya Mission</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christadelphians" title="Christadelphians">Christadelphians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_Science" title="Christian Science">Christian Science</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Church_of_Divine_Science" title="Church of Divine Science">Church of Divine Science</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Church_of_Scientology" title="Church of Scientology">Church of Scientology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Church_of_the_Guanche_People" title="Church of the Guanche People">Church of the Guanche People</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Creativity_(religion)" title="Creativity (religion)">Creativity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Discordianism" title="Discordianism">Discordianism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Falun_Gong" title="Falun Gong">Falun Gong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Family_International" title="The Family International">The Family International</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Friends_of_Man" title="Friends of Man">Friends of Man</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fourth_Way" title="Fourth Way">Fourth Way</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fung_Loy_Kok_Institute_of_Taoism" class="mw-redirect" title="Fung Loy Kok Institute of Taoism">Fung Loy Kok</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Goddess_movement" title="Goddess movement">Goddess</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Godianism" title="Godianism">Godianism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heaven%27s_Gate_(religious_group)" title="Heaven's Gate (religious group)">Heaven's Gate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Humanistic_Judaism" title="Humanistic Judaism">Humanistic Judaism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iglesia_ni_Cristo" title="Iglesia ni Cristo">Iglesia ni Cristo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Peace_Mission_movement" title="International Peace Mission movement">International Peace Mission movement</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">ISKCON</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Invitation_to_Life" title="Invitation to Life">Invitation to Life</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jewish_Renewal" title="Jewish Renewal">Jewish Renewal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Jesus_Christ_(church)" title="Kingdom of Jesus Christ (church)">Kingdom of Jesus Christ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Missionary_Church_of_Kopimism" title="Missionary Church of Kopimism">Kopimism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Latter_Day_Saint_movement" title="Latter Day Saint movement">Latter Day Saints</a>/<a href="/wiki/Mormonism" title="Mormonism">Mormonism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maha_Bodhi_Society" title="Maha Bodhi Society">Maha Bodhi Society</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mahikari_movement" title="Mahikari movement">Mahikari movement</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sukyo_Mahikari" title="Sukyo Mahikari">Sukyo Mahikari</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Divine_Light" title="World Divine Light">World Divine Light</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Messianic_Judaism" title="Messianic Judaism">Messianic Judaism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Modern_paganism" title="Modern paganism">Modern paganism</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Druidry_(modern)" title="Druidry (modern)">Druidry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heathenry_(new_religious_movement)" title="Heathenry (new religious movement)">Heathenry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slavic_Native_Faith" title="Slavic Native Faith">Rodnovery</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moorish_Science_Temple_of_America" title="Moorish Science Temple of America">Moorish Science Temple of America</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nation_of_Islam" title="Nation of Islam">Nation of Islam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Acropolis" title="New Acropolis">New Acropolis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Apostolic_Church" title="New Apostolic Church">New Apostolic Church</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_New_Church_(Swedenborgian)" title="The New Church (Swedenborgian)">The New Church</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Confucianism" title="New Confucianism">New Confucianism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Kadampa_Tradition" title="New Kadampa Tradition">New Kadampa Tradition</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Thought" title="New Thought">New Thought</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Religious_Science" title="Religious Science">Religious Science</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Unity_Church" title="Unity Church">Unity Church</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nuwaubian_Nation" title="Nuwaubian Nation">Nuwaubian Nation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oomoto" title="Oomoto">Oomoto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Opus_Dei" title="Opus Dei">Opus Dei</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palmarian_Catholic_Church" title="Palmarian Catholic Church">Palmarian Catholic Church</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peoples_Temple" title="Peoples Temple">Peoples Temple</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pilgrims_of_Ar%C3%A8s" title="Pilgrims of Arès">Pilgrims of Arès</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prathyaksha_Raksha_Daiva_Sabha" title="Prathyaksha Raksha Daiva Sabha">Prathyaksha Raksha Daiva Sabha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Process_Church_of_the_Final_Judgment" title="Process Church of the Final Judgment">The Process Church</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ra%C3%ABlism" title="Raëlism">Raëlism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rajneesh_movement" title="Rajneesh movement">Rajneesh movement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ramakrishna_Mission" title="Ramakrishna Mission">Ramakrishna Mission</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rastafari" title="Rastafari">Rastafari</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rissh%C5%8D_K%C5%8Dsei_Kai" title="Risshō Kōsei Kai">Risshō Kōsei Kai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sahaja_Yoga" title="Sahaja Yoga">Sahaja Yoga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Contemporary_Sant_Mat_movements" title="Contemporary Sant Mat movements">Sant Mat</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Radha_Soami" title="Radha Soami">Radha Soami</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Santa_Muerte" title="Santa Muerte">Santa Muerte</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Santo_Daime" title="Santo Daime">Santo Daime</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Satanism" title="Satanism">Satanism</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/LaVeyan_Satanism" title="LaVeyan Satanism">LaVeyan</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Church_of_Satan" title="Church of Satan">Church of Satan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Temple_of_Set" title="Temple of Set">Temple of Set</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Satanic_Temple" title="The Satanic Temple">The Satanic Temple</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theistic_Satanism" title="Theistic Satanism">Theistic</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Joy_of_Satan_Ministries" title="Joy of Satan Ministries">Joy of Satan Ministries</a></li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sathya_Sai_Baba_movement" title="Sathya Sai Baba movement">Sathya Sai Baba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shakers" title="Shakers">Shakers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shambhala_Training" title="Shambhala Training">Shambhala Buddhism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shri_Ram_Chandra_Mission" title="Shri Ram Chandra Mission">Shri Ram Chandra Mission</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Soka_Gakkai" title="Soka Gakkai">Soka Gakkai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spiritualism_(movement)" title="Spiritualism (movement)">Spiritualism</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kardecist_spiritism" title="Kardecist spiritism">Spiritism</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tenrikyo" title="Tenrikyo">Tenrikyo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thelema" title="Thelema">Thelema</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theosophy" title="Theosophy">Theosophy</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Theosophical_Society" title="Theosophical Society">Theosophical Society</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transcendental_Meditation_movement" title="Transcendental Meditation movement">Transcendental Meditation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/True_Buddha_School" title="True Buddha School">True Buddha School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Twelve_Tribes_communities" title="Twelve Tribes communities">Twelve Tribes communities</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Unarius_Academy_of_Science" title="Unarius Academy of Science">Unarius Academy of Science</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Unification_Church" title="Unification Church">Unification Church</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Unitarian_Universalist_Association" title="Unitarian Universalist Association">Unitarian Universalist Association</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quranism#United_Submitters_International" title="Quranism">United Submitters International</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Universal_Church_of_the_Kingdom_of_God" title="Universal Church of the Kingdom of God">Universal Church of the Kingdom of God</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Universal_White_Brotherhood" title="Universal White Brotherhood">Universal White Brotherhood</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vipassana_movement" title="Vipassana movement">Vipassana movement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eastern_Lightning" title="Eastern Lightning">Eastern Lightning</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Way_International" title="The Way International">The Way International</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Weixinism" title="Weixinism">Weixinjiao</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wicca" title="Wicca">Wicca</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Word_of_Faith" title="Word of Faith">Word of Faith</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Mission_Society_Church_of_God" title="World Mission Society Church of God">World Mission Society Church of God</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Notable figures</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mirza_Ghulam_Ahmad" title="Mirza Ghulam Ahmad">Mirza Ghulam Ahmad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Noble_Drew_Ali" title="Noble Drew Ali">Noble Drew Ali</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marshall_Applewhite" title="Marshall Applewhite">Marshall Applewhite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Angelo_Aquino" title="Michael Angelo Aquino">Michael Angelo Aquino</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Herbert_W._Armstrong" title="Herbert W. Armstrong">Herbert W. Armstrong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shoko_Asahara" title="Shoko Asahara">Shoko Asahara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sri_Aurobindo" title="Sri Aurobindo">Sri Aurobindo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/B%C3%A1b" title="Báb">Báb</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sathya_Sai_Baba" title="Sathya Sai Baba">Sathya Sai Baba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bah%C3%A1%CA%BCu%27ll%C3%A1h" title="Baháʼu'lláh">Baháʼu'lláh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alice_Bailey" title="Alice Bailey">Alice Bailey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chinmayananda_Saraswati" title="Chinmayananda Saraswati">Chinmayananda Saraswati</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Berg" title="David Berg">David Berg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Helena_Blavatsky" title="Helena Blavatsky">Helena Blavatsky</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sri_Chinmoy" title="Sri Chinmoy">Sri Chinmoy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aleister_Crowley" title="Aleister Crowley">Aleister Crowley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mary_Baker_Eddy" title="Mary Baker Eddy">Mary Baker Eddy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Josemar%C3%ADa_Escriv%C3%A1" title="Josemaría Escrivá">Josemaría Escrivá</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louis_Farrakhan" title="Louis Farrakhan">Louis Farrakhan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Fillmore_(Unity_Church)" title="Charles Fillmore (Unity Church)">Charles Fillmore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kelsang_Gyatso" title="Kelsang Gyatso">Kelsang Gyatso</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hak_Ja_Han" title="Hak Ja Han">Hak Ja Han</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/L._Ron_Hubbard" title="L. Ron Hubbard">L. Ron Hubbard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Li_Hongzhi" title="Li Hongzhi">Li Hongzhi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Koresh" title="David Koresh">David Koresh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anton_LaVey" title="Anton LaVey">Anton LaVey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jorge_%C3%81ngel_Livraga_Rizzi" title="Jorge Ángel Livraga Rizzi">Jorge Ángel Livraga Rizzi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lu_Sheng-yen" title="Lu Sheng-yen">Lu Sheng-yen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maharishi_Mahesh_Yogi" title="Maharishi Mahesh Yogi">Maharishi Mahesh Yogi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meher_Baba" title="Meher Baba">Meher Baba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nikky%C5%8D_Niwano" title="Nikkyō Niwano">Nikkyō Niwano</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sun_Myung_Moon" title="Sun Myung Moon">Sun Myung Moon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elijah_Muhammad" title="Elijah Muhammad">Elijah Muhammad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nakayama_Miki" title="Nakayama Miki">Nakayama Miki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/A._C._Bhaktivedanta_Swami_Prabhupada" title="A. C. Bhaktivedanta Swami Prabhupada">A. C. Bhaktivedanta Swami Prabhupada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phineas_Parkhurst_Quimby" title="Phineas Parkhurst Quimby">Phineas Parkhurst Quimby</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ra%C3%ABl" title="Raël">Raël</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rajneesh" title="Rajneesh">Rajneesh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ramakrishna" title="Ramakrishna">Ramakrishna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prem_Rawat" title="Prem Rawat">Prem Rawat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Helena_Roerich" title="Helena Roerich">Helena Roerich</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Taze_Russell" title="Charles Taze Russell">Charles Taze Russell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Franklin_Rutherford" title="Joseph Franklin Rutherford">Joseph Franklin Rutherford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ahn_Sahng-hong" title="Ahn Sahng-hong">Ahn Sahng-hong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prabhat_Ranjan_Sarkar" title="Prabhat Ranjan Sarkar">Prabhat Ranjan Sarkar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Menachem_Mendel_Schneerson" title="Menachem Mendel Schneerson">Menachem Mendel Schneerson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shiv_Dayal_Singh" title="Shiv Dayal Singh">Shiv Dayal Singh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Smith" title="Joseph Smith">Joseph Smith</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nirmala_Srivastava" title="Nirmala Srivastava">Nirmala Srivastava</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emanuel_Swedenborg" title="Emanuel Swedenborg">Emanuel Swedenborg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rudolf_Steiner" title="Rudolf Steiner">Rudolf Steiner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_W._Tkach" title="Joseph W. Tkach">Joseph W. Tkach</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ch%C3%B6gyam_Trungpa" title="Chögyam Trungpa">Chögyam Trungpa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ellen_G._White" title="Ellen G. White">Ellen G. White</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Poykayil_Yohannan" title="Poykayil Yohannan">Poykayil Yohannan</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">By region</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/New_religious_movements_in_the_Pacific_Northwest" title="New religious movements in the Pacific Northwest">Pacific Northwest</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Concepts</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/African-initiated_church" title="African-initiated church">African-initiated church</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Buddhist_modernism" title="Buddhist modernism">Buddhist modernism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chabad_messianism" title="Chabad messianism">Chabad messianism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_denomination" title="Christian denomination">Christian denomination</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sociological_classifications_of_religious_movements" title="Sociological classifications of religious movements">Classifications of religious movements</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conspiracy_theory" title="Conspiracy theory">Conspiracy theories</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cult" title="Cult">Cult</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cybersectarianism" title="Cybersectarianism">Cybersectarianism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Doomsday_cult" title="Doomsday cult">Doomsday cult</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heresy" title="Heresy">Heresy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hindu_reform_movements" title="Hindu reform movements">Hindu reform movements</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/In-group_favoritism" title="In-group favoritism">In-group favoritism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japanese_new_religions" title="Japanese new religions">Japanese new religions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neoshamanism" title="Neoshamanism">Neoshamanism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Age" title="New Age">New Age</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Open-source_religion" title="Open-source religion">Open-source religion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polytheistic_reconstructionism" title="Polytheistic reconstructionism">Polytheistic reconstructionism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prosperity_theology" title="Prosperity theology">Prosperity theology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religious_conversion" title="Religious conversion">Religious conversion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religious_syncretism" title="Religious syncretism">Religious syncretism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Schism" title="Schism">Schism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sect" title="Sect">Sect</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Self_religion" title="Self religion">Self religion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spiritual_evolution" title="Spiritual evolution">Spiritual evolution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/UFO_religion" title="UFO religion">UFO religion</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Public education</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/CESNUR" title="CESNUR">CESNUR</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/INFORM" title="INFORM">INFORM (Information Network Focus on Religious Movements)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Religions_and_Spirituality_Project" title="World Religions and Spirituality Project">World Religions and Spirituality Project</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Scholarship</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Academic_study_of_new_religious_movements" title="Academic study of new religious movements">Academic study of new religious movements</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anthropology_of_religion" title="Anthropology of religion">Anthropology of religion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_religion" title="History of religion">History of religion</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Journal_of_Contemporary_Religion" title="Journal of Contemporary Religion">Journal of Contemporary Religion</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Nova_Religio" title="Nova Religio">Nova Religio</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philosophy_of_religion" title="Philosophy of religion">Philosophy of religion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Psychology_of_religion" title="Psychology of religion">Psychology of religion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religious_studies" title="Religious studies">Religious studies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sociology_of_religion" title="Sociology of religion">Sociology of religion</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/When_Prophecy_Fails" title="When Prophecy Fails">When Prophecy Fails</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Opposition_to_new_religious_movements" class="mw-redirect" title="Opposition to new religious movements">Opposition</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anti-cult_movement" title="Anti-cult movement">Anti-cult movement</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Christian_countercult_movement" title="Christian countercult movement">Christian countercult movement</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anti-Mormonism" title="Anti-Mormonism">Anti-Mormonism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Persecution_of_Ahmadis" title="Persecution of Ahmadis">Persecution of Ahmadis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Persecution_of_Bah%C3%A1%CA%BC%C3%ADs" title="Persecution of Baháʼís">Persecution of Baháʼís</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Persecution_of_Falun_Gong" title="Persecution of Falun Gong">Persecution of Falun Gong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Persecution_of_Jehovah%27s_Witnesses" title="Persecution of Jehovah's Witnesses">Persecution of Jehovah's Witnesses</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Persecution_of_Rastafari" title="Persecution of Rastafari">Persecution of Rastafari</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religious_discrimination_against_modern_pagans" title="Religious discrimination against modern pagans">Religious discrimination against modern pagans</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Lists</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Academic_study_of_new_religious_movements" title="Academic study of new religious movements">Academic study</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_religious_movements_and_cults_in_popular_culture" title="New religious movements and cults in popular culture">In popular culture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_new_religious_movements" title="List of new religious movements">New religious movements</a></li></ul> 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href="https://viaf.org/viaf/131950779">VIAF</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n50061484">United States</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb118687552">France</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb118687552">BnF data</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Mezinárodní společnost pro uvědomování si Kršny"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=kn20010710544&CON_LNG=ENG">Czech Republic</a></span></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://libris.kb.se/fcrv0v7z56m4ts3">Sweden</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nli.org.il/en/authorities/987007263143505171">Israel</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.idref.fr/026440393">IdRef</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://musicbrainz.org/label/e293b99e-173b-4293-88ba-efc19b001303">MusicBrainz label</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?useformat=desktop&type=1x1&usesul3=0" alt="" width="1" 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