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<span>Packaging</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Packaging-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Release_history" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Release_history"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Release history</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Release_history-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Timeline_of_Macintosh_operating_systems" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Timeline_of_Macintosh_operating_systems"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Timeline of Macintosh operating systems</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Timeline_of_Macintosh_operating_systems-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Compatibility" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Compatibility"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Compatibility</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Compatibility-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" 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class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Mac OS X Leopard</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 30 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-30" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">30 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%83_%D8%A3%D9%88_%D8%A5%D8%B3_%D8%A5%D9%83%D8%B3_%D9%84%D9%8A%D9%88%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%AF" title="ماك أو إس إكس ليوبارد – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="ماك أو إس إكس ليوبارد" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mac_OS_X_Leopard" title="Mac OS X Leopard – Bosnian" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Mac OS X Leopard" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mac_OS_X_Leopard" title="Mac OS X Leopard – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Mac OS X Leopard" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mac_OS_X_Leopard" title="Mac OS X Leopard – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Mac OS X Leopard" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mac_OS_X_Leopard" title="Mac OS X Leopard – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Mac OS X Leopard" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mac_OS_X_Leopard" title="Mac OS X Leopard – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Mac OS X Leopard" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mac_OS_X_v10.5" title="Mac OS X v10.5 – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Mac OS X v10.5" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mac_OS_X_Leopard" title="Mac OS X Leopard – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Mac OS X Leopard" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%A7%A5_OS_X_%EB%A0%88%ED%8D%BC%EB%93%9C" title="맥 OS X 레퍼드 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="맥 OS X 레퍼드" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mac_OS_X_v10.5" title="Mac OS X v10.5 – Icelandic" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Mac OS X v10.5" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Icelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mac_OS_X_Leopard" title="Mac OS X Leopard – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Mac OS X Leopard" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mac_OS_X_Leopard" title="Mac OS X Leopard – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="Mac OS X Leopard" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%AE%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%8D_%E0%B4%92.%E0%B4%8E%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%8D._%E0%B4%9F%E0%B5%86%E0%B5%BB_%E0%B4%B2%E0%B5%86%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%87%E0%B5%BC%E0%B4%A1%E0%B5%8D" title="മാക് ഒ.എസ്. ടെൻ ലെപ്പേർഡ് – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="മാക് ഒ.എസ്. ടെൻ ലെപ്പേർഡ്" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%85%E0%A4%95_%E0%A4%93%E0%A4%8F%E0%A4%B8_%E0%A4%8F%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B8_%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A1" title="मॅक ओएस एक्स लेपर्ड – Marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="मॅक ओएस एक्स लेपर्ड" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mac_OS_X_v10.5" title="Mac OS X v10.5 – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Mac OS X v10.5" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mac_OS_X_10.5" title="Mac OS X 10.5 – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Mac OS X 10.5" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mac_OS_X_v10.5" title="Mac OS X v10.5 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="Mac OS X v10.5" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mac_OS_X_v10.5" title="Mac OS X v10.5 – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Mac OS X v10.5" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mac_OS_X_10.5" title="Mac OS X 10.5 – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Mac OS X 10.5" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mac_OS_X_v10.5" title="Mac OS X v10.5 – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Mac OS X v10.5" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mac_OS_X_v10.5" title="Mac OS X v10.5 – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Mac OS X v10.5" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mac_OS_X_Leopard" title="Mac OS X Leopard – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Mac OS X Leopard" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mac_OS_X_Leopard" title="Mac OS X Leopard – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Mac OS X Leopard" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mac_OS_X/10.5" title="Mac OS X/10.5 – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Mac OS X/10.5" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mac_OS_X_Leopard" title="Mac OS X Leopard – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Mac OS X Leopard" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mac_OS_X_v10.5" title="Mac OS X v10.5 – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Mac OS X v10.5" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%84%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%AD%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%AA%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%97%E0%B9%87%E0%B8%99_%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A5%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%8C%E0%B8%94" title="แมคโอเอสเท็น เลเพิร์ด – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="แมคโอเอสเท็น เลเพิร์ด" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mac_OS_X_Leopard" title="Mac OS X Leopard – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Mac OS X Leopard" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mac_OS_X_Leopard" title="Mac OS X Leopard – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Mac OS X Leopard" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mac_OS_X_Leopard" title="Mac OS X Leopard – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="Mac OS X Leopard" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q222996#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div 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.hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Not to be confused with <a href="/wiki/Mac_OS_X_Snow_Leopard" title="Mac OS X Snow Leopard">Mac OS X Snow Leopard</a>.</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Operating system</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vevent"><caption class="infobox-title summary">Mac OS X 10.5 Leopard</caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader">Version of the <a href="/wiki/MacOS" title="MacOS">macOS</a> operating system</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="skin-invert" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:OSXLeopard.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/OSXLeopard.svg/60px-OSXLeopard.svg.png" decoding="async" width="60" height="72" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/OSXLeopard.svg/90px-OSXLeopard.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/OSXLeopard.svg/120px-OSXLeopard.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="186" data-file-height="224" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Leopard_Desktop.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c0/Leopard_Desktop.png/300px-Leopard_Desktop.png" decoding="async" width="300" height="188" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c0/Leopard_Desktop.png/450px-Leopard_Desktop.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c0/Leopard_Desktop.png/600px-Leopard_Desktop.png 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="500" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">Screenshot of Mac OS X Leopard. The <a href="/wiki/Dock_(Mac_OS_X)" class="mw-redirect" title="Dock (Mac OS X)">Dock</a> and <a href="/wiki/Window_(computing)" title="Window (computing)">window</a> designs have been updated from previous versions of Mac OS X.</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Programmer" title="Programmer">Developer</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Apple_Inc." title="Apple Inc.">Apple Inc.</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;">OS family</th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li:last-child::after{content:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:first-child::before{content:" (";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:last-child::after{content:")";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol{counter-reset:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li{counter-increment:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li::before{content:" "counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li ol>li:first-child::before{content:" ("counter(listitem)"\a0 "}</style><div class="hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Macintosh_operating_systems" class="mw-redirect" title="Macintosh operating systems">Macintosh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Unix" title="Unix">Unix</a><sup id="cite_ref-leopard_unix_cert_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-leopard_unix_cert-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;">Source model</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Closed_source" class="mw-redirect" title="Closed source">Closed</a>, with <a href="/wiki/Open-source_software" title="Open-source software">open source</a> components</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Software_release_life_cycle#General_availability_(GA)" title="Software release life cycle">General<br />availability</a></th><td class="infobox-data">October 26, 2007<span class="noprint">; 17 years ago</span><span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated">2007-10-26</span>)</span><sup id="cite_ref-leopard-pr_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-leopard-pr-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Software_release_life_cycle" title="Software release life cycle">Latest release</a></th><td class="infobox-data">10.5.8 (Build 9L31a)<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> / August 13, 2009<span class="noprint">; 15 years ago</span><span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated">2009-08-13</span>)</span><sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;">Update method</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Apple_Software_Update" class="mw-redirect" title="Apple Software Update">Apple Software Update</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;">Platforms</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/IA-32" title="IA-32">IA-32</a>, <a href="/wiki/X86-64" title="X86-64">x86-64</a>, <a href="/wiki/PowerPC" title="PowerPC">PowerPC</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Kernel_(operating_system)" title="Kernel (operating system)">Kernel</a> type</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Hybrid_kernel" title="Hybrid kernel">Hybrid</a> (<a href="/wiki/XNU" title="XNU">XNU</a>)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Software_license" title="Software license">License</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Commercial_software" title="Commercial software">Commercial</a> <a href="/wiki/Proprietary_software" title="Proprietary software">proprietary software</a><sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> with <a href="/wiki/Apple_Public_Source_License" title="Apple Public Source License">Apple Public Source License</a> (APSL)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;">Preceded by</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Mac_OS_X_Tiger" title="Mac OS X Tiger">Mac OS X 10.4 Tiger</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;">Succeeded by</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Mac_OS_X_Snow_Leopard" title="Mac OS X Snow Leopard">Mac OS X Snow Leopard</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;">Official website</th><td class="infobox-data"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090528055219/http://www.apple.com/macosx">Apple - Mac OS X Leopard</a> at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> (archived May 28, 2009)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;">Tagline</th><td class="infobox-data">Add a new Mac to your Mac.</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Support status</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data">Historical, unsupported as of about June 23, 2011, <a href="/wiki/Safari_(web_browser)" title="Safari (web browser)">Safari</a> support and <a href="/wiki/ITunes" title="ITunes">iTunes</a> support terminated as of 2012 as well.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Drops support for iTunes releases from iTunes 1 to 3</td></tr></tbody></table> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1246091330">.mw-parser-output .sidebar{width:22em;float:right;clear:right;margin:0.5em 0 1em 1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa);border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);padding:0.2em;text-align:center;line-height:1.4em;font-size:88%;border-collapse:collapse;display:table}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .sidebar{display:table!important;float:right!important;margin:0.5em 0 1em 1em!important}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-subgroup{width:100%;margin:0;border-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-left{float:left;clear:left;margin:0.5em 1em 1em 0}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-none{float:none;clear:both;margin:0.5em 1em 1em 0}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-outer-title{padding:0 0.4em 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a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-list-title,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sidebar{display:none!important}}</style><table class="sidebar sidebar-collapse nomobile hlist"><tbody><tr><td class="sidebar-pretitle">Part of a series on</td></tr><tr><th class="sidebar-title-with-pretitle"><a href="/wiki/MacOS" title="MacOS">macOS</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background: #e4e4f0; padding: 0 3px; margin-top: 3px;;color: var(--color-base)">Features</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/MacOS_version_history" title="MacOS version history">History</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mac_transition_to_Intel_processors" title="Mac transition to Intel processors">Transition to Intel processors</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mac_transition_to_Apple_silicon" title="Mac transition to Apple silicon">Transition to Apple silicon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Architecture_of_macOS" title="Architecture of macOS">Architecture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_built-in_macOS_apps" title="List of built-in macOS apps">Built-in apps</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Mac_software" title="List of Mac software">List of applications</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Mac_games" title="List of Mac games">List of games</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background: #e4e4f0; padding: 0 3px; margin-top: 3px;;color: var(--color-base)">Versions</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Rhapsody_(operating_system)" title="Rhapsody (operating system)">Rhapsody (Developer Release)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mac_OS_X_Server_1.0" title="Mac OS X Server 1.0">Hera (Server 1.0)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mac_OS_X_Public_Beta" title="Mac OS X Public Beta">Kodiak (Public Beta)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mac_OS_X_10.0" title="Mac OS X 10.0">Cheetah (10.0)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mac_OS_X_10.1" title="Mac OS X 10.1">Puma (10.1)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mac_OS_X_Jaguar" title="Mac OS X Jaguar">Jaguar (10.2)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mac_OS_X_Panther" title="Mac OS X Panther">Panther (10.3)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mac_OS_X_Tiger" title="Mac OS X Tiger">Tiger (10.4)</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Leopard (10.5)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mac_OS_X_Snow_Leopard" title="Mac OS X Snow Leopard">Snow Leopard (10.6)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/OS_X_Lion" title="OS X Lion">Lion (10.7)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/OS_X_Mountain_Lion" title="OS X Mountain Lion">Mountain Lion (10.8)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/OS_X_Mavericks" title="OS X Mavericks">Mavericks (10.9)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/OS_X_Yosemite" title="OS X Yosemite">Yosemite (10.10)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/OS_X_El_Capitan" title="OS X El Capitan">El Capitan (10.11)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MacOS_Sierra" title="MacOS Sierra">Sierra (10.12)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MacOS_High_Sierra" title="MacOS High Sierra">High Sierra (10.13)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MacOS_Mojave" title="MacOS Mojave">Mojave (10.14)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MacOS_Catalina" title="MacOS Catalina">Catalina (10.15)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MacOS_Big_Sur" title="MacOS Big Sur">Big Sur (11)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MacOS_Monterey" title="MacOS Monterey">Monterey (12)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MacOS_Ventura" title="MacOS Ventura">Ventura (13)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MacOS_Sonoma" title="MacOS Sonoma">Sonoma (14)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MacOS_Sequoia" title="MacOS Sequoia">Sequoia (15)</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background: #e4e4f0; padding: 0 3px; margin-top: 3px;;color: var(--color-base)">Applications</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mac_App_Store" title="Mac App Store">App Store</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_built-in_macOS_apps#Automator" title="List of built-in macOS apps">Automator</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apple_Books" title="Apple Books">Books</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Calculator_(Apple)" title="Calculator (Apple)">Calculator</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Calendar_(Apple)" title="Calendar (Apple)">Calendar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_built-in_macOS_apps#Chess" title="List of built-in macOS apps">Chess</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Contacts_(Apple)" title="Contacts (Apple)">Contacts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dashboard_(macOS)" title="Dashboard (macOS)">Dashboard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dictionary_(software)" title="Dictionary (software)">Dictionary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/DVD_Player_(macOS)" class="mw-redirect" title="DVD Player (macOS)">DVD Player</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/FaceTime" title="FaceTime">FaceTime</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Finder_(software)" title="Finder (software)">Finder</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Game_Center" title="Game Center">Game Center</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grapher" title="Grapher">Grapher</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ITunes" title="ITunes">iTunes</a><small> (<a href="/wiki/History_of_iTunes" title="History of iTunes">history</a>)</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Launchpad_(macOS)" class="mw-redirect" title="Launchpad (macOS)">Launchpad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apple_Mail" title="Apple Mail">Mail</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Messages_(Apple)" title="Messages (Apple)">Messages</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_(software)" class="mw-redirect" title="Music (software)">Music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Notes_(Apple)" title="Notes (Apple)">Notes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Notification_Center" title="Notification Center">Notification Center</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Photo_Booth" title="Photo Booth">Photo Booth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apple_Podcasts" title="Apple Podcasts">Podcasts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Photos_(Apple)" title="Photos (Apple)">Photos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Preview_(macOS)" title="Preview (macOS)">Preview</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/QuickTime" title="QuickTime">QuickTime</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reminders_(Apple)" title="Reminders (Apple)">Reminders</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Safari_(web_browser)" title="Safari (web browser)">Safari</a><small> (<a href="/wiki/Safari_version_history" class="mw-redirect" title="Safari version history">version history</a>)</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sherlock_(software)" title="Sherlock (software)">Sherlock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stickies_(Apple)" title="Stickies (Apple)">Stickies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TextEdit" title="TextEdit">TextEdit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Time_Machine_(macOS)" title="Time Machine (macOS)">Time Machine</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background: #e4e4f0; padding: 0 3px; margin-top: 3px;;color: var(--color-base)">Utilities</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Activity_Monitor_(macOS)" class="mw-redirect" title="Activity Monitor (macOS)">Activity Monitor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AirPort_Utility" class="mw-redirect" title="AirPort Utility">AirPort Utility</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Archive_Utility" class="mw-redirect" title="Archive Utility">Archive Utility</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Audio_MIDI_Setup" class="mw-redirect" title="Audio MIDI Setup">Audio MIDI Setup</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bluetooth_File_Exchange" class="mw-redirect" title="Bluetooth File Exchange">Bluetooth File Exchange</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ColorSync" title="ColorSync">ColorSync</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Console_(macOS)" class="mw-redirect" title="Console (macOS)">Console</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crash_Reporter_(macOS)" class="mw-redirect" title="Crash Reporter (macOS)">Crash Reporter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/DigitalColor_Meter" class="mw-redirect" title="DigitalColor Meter">DigitalColor Meter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Directory_Utility" class="mw-redirect" title="Directory Utility">Directory Utility</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/DiskImageMounter" class="mw-redirect" title="DiskImageMounter">DiskImageMounter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Disk_Utility" title="Disk Utility">Disk Utility</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Font_Book" title="Font Book">Font Book</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grab_(macOS)" class="mw-redirect" title="Grab (macOS)">Grab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apple_Help_Viewer" class="mw-redirect" title="Apple Help Viewer">Help Viewer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Image_Capture" class="mw-redirect" title="Image Capture">Image Capture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Installer_(macOS)" class="mw-redirect" title="Installer (macOS)">Installer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Keychain_Access" class="mw-redirect" title="Keychain Access">Keychain Access</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Migration_Assistant_(Apple)" class="mw-redirect" title="Migration Assistant (Apple)">Migration Assistant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Network_Utility" class="mw-redirect" title="Network Utility">Network Utility</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ODBC_Administrator" class="mw-redirect" title="ODBC Administrator">ODBC Administrator</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Remote_Install_Mac_OS_X" class="mw-redirect" title="Remote Install Mac OS X">Remote Install Mac OS X</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/System_Preferences" class="mw-redirect" title="System Preferences">System Preferences</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/System_Information_(Mac_OS)" class="mw-redirect" title="System Information (Mac OS)">System Information</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Terminal_(macOS)" title="Terminal (macOS)">Terminal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Universal_Access" class="mw-redirect" title="Universal Access">Universal Access</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/VoiceOver" title="VoiceOver">VoiceOver</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background: #e4e4f0; padding: 0 3px; margin-top: 3px;;color: var(--color-base)">Related</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Classic_Mac_OS" title="Classic Mac OS">Classic Mac OS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Copland_(operating_system)" title="Copland (operating system)">Copland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NeXTSTEP" title="NeXTSTEP">NeXTSTEP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rhapsody_(operating_system)" title="Rhapsody (operating system)">Rhapsody</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Darwin_(operating_system)" title="Darwin (operating system)">Darwin</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:MacOS_sidebar" title="Template:MacOS sidebar"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:MacOS_sidebar" title="Template talk:MacOS sidebar"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:MacOS_sidebar" title="Special:EditPage/Template:MacOS sidebar"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Mac OS X Leopard</b> (version 10.5) is the sixth <a href="/wiki/Software_versioning" title="Software versioning">major release</a> of <a href="/wiki/MacOS" title="MacOS">macOS</a>, <a href="/wiki/Apple_Inc." title="Apple Inc.">Apple's</a> desktop and server <a href="/wiki/Operating_system" title="Operating system">operating system</a> for <a href="/wiki/Macintosh" class="mw-redirect" title="Macintosh">Macintosh</a> computers. Leopard was released on October 26, 2007 as the successor of <a href="/wiki/Mac_OS_X_Tiger" title="Mac OS X Tiger">Mac OS X Tiger</a>, and is available in two editions: a <a href="/wiki/Desktop_computer" title="Desktop computer">desktop</a> version suitable for <a href="/wiki/Personal_computer" title="Personal computer">personal computers</a>, and a <a href="/wiki/Server_(computing)" title="Server (computing)">server</a> version, <a href="/wiki/Mac_OS_X_Server" title="Mac OS X Server">Mac OS X Server</a>. It retailed for $129<sup id="cite_ref-leopard-pr_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-leopard-pr-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> for the desktop version and $499 for Server.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Leopard was superseded by <a href="/wiki/Mac_OS_X_Snow_Leopard" title="Mac OS X Snow Leopard">Mac OS X Snow Leopard</a> (version 10.6) in 2009. Mac OS X Leopard is the last version of macOS that supports the <a href="/wiki/PowerPC" title="PowerPC">PowerPC</a> architecture as its successor, Mac OS X Snow Leopard, functions solely on <a href="/wiki/Intel" title="Intel">Intel</a> based Macs. </p><p>According to Apple, Leopard contains over 300 changes and enhancements compared to its predecessor, Mac OS X Tiger,<sup id="cite_ref-listnewfeatures_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-listnewfeatures-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> covering core operating system components as well as included applications and developer tools. Leopard introduces a significantly revised desktop, with a redesigned <a href="/wiki/Dock_(macOS)" title="Dock (macOS)">Dock</a>, <a href="/wiki/Stacks_(software)" class="mw-redirect" title="Stacks (software)">Stacks</a>, a semitransparent <a href="/wiki/Menu_bar" title="Menu bar">menu bar</a>, and an updated <a href="/wiki/Finder_(software)" title="Finder (software)">Finder</a> that incorporates the <a href="/wiki/Cover_Flow" title="Cover Flow">Cover Flow</a> visual navigation interface first seen in <a href="/wiki/ITunes" title="ITunes">iTunes</a>. Other notable features include support for writing <a href="/wiki/64-bit" class="mw-redirect" title="64-bit">64-bit</a> <a href="/wiki/Graphical_user_interface" title="Graphical user interface">graphical user interface</a> applications, an automated backup utility called <a href="/wiki/Time_Machine_(macOS)" title="Time Machine (macOS)">Time Machine</a>, support for <a href="/wiki/Spotlight_(software)" class="mw-redirect" title="Spotlight (software)">Spotlight</a> searches across multiple machines, and the inclusion of <a href="/wiki/Front_Row_(software)" title="Front Row (software)">Front Row</a> and <a href="/wiki/Photo_Booth" title="Photo Booth">Photo Booth</a>, which were previously included with only some Mac models. </p><p>Apple missed Leopard's release time frame as originally announced by Apple's CEO <a href="/wiki/Steve_Jobs" title="Steve Jobs">Steve Jobs</a>. When first discussed in June 2005, Jobs had stated that Apple intended to release Leopard at the end of 2006 or early 2007.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A year later, this was amended to Spring 2007;<sup id="cite_ref-wwdc06engadget_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-wwdc06engadget-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> however, on April 12, 2007, Apple issued a statement that its release would be delayed until October 2007 because of the development of the <a href="/wiki/IPhone" title="IPhone">iPhone</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-april07pr_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-april07pr-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Mac OS X Leopard is the first version of Mac OS X to run on the <a href="/wiki/MacBook_Air" title="MacBook Air">MacBook Air</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="New_and_changed_features">New and changed features</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mac_OS_X_Leopard&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: New and changed features"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="User_interface">User interface</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mac_OS_X_Leopard&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: User interface"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Mac OS X Leopard made many changes to the <a href="/wiki/User_interface" title="User interface">user interface</a>. This includes a more detailed, transparent menu bar, <a href="/wiki/Skeuomorphism" class="mw-redirect" title="Skeuomorphism">skeuomorphic</a> system icons, and a glossy, reflective, 3D Dock. Windows lost their metallic, lined look they had previously. As well as this, the Apple icon is now black instead of blue. This is notably very similar to <a href="/wiki/IPhone_OS_1" title="IPhone OS 1">IPhone OS 1</a>'s user interface. Rory Prior, on the ThinkMac blog, criticized a number of changes to Leopard's user interface, including the transparent menu bar and the new folder icons.<sup id="cite_ref-RLPRIOR_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-RLPRIOR-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Decreased transparency of the menu bar, along with the ability to disable the menu bar transparency were added with the 10.5.2 release on February 11, 2008.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="End-user_features">End-user features</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mac_OS_X_Leopard&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: End-user features"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Apple advertised that Mac OS X Leopard has 300+ new features,<sup id="cite_ref-listnewfeatures_9-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-listnewfeatures-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> including: </p> <ul><li>A new and improved <b><a href="/wiki/Apple_Automator" class="mw-redirect" title="Apple Automator">Automator</a></b>, with easy starting points to easily start a workflow. It also can quickly create or edit workflows with new interface improvements. Now it can use a new action called "Watch Me Do" that lets users record a user action (like pressing a button or controlling an application without built-in Automator support) and replay as an action in a workflow. It can create more useful Automator workflows with actions for RSS feeds, iSight camera video snapshots, PDF manipulation, and much more.</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Back_to_My_Mac" title="Back to My Mac">Back to My Mac</a></b>, a feature for <a href="/wiki/MobileMe" title="MobileMe">MobileMe</a> users that allows users to access files on their home computer while away from home via the internet.</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Boot_Camp_(Software)" class="mw-redirect" title="Boot Camp (Software)">Boot Camp</a></b>, a software assistant allowing for the installation of other operating systems, such as <a href="/wiki/Windows_XP" title="Windows XP">Windows XP</a> (SP2 or later) or <a href="/wiki/Windows_Vista" title="Windows Vista">Windows Vista</a>, on a separate partition (or separate internal drive) on Intel-based Macs.</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Dashboard_(Mac_OS)" class="mw-redirect" title="Dashboard (Mac OS)">Dashboard</a></b> enhancements, including Web Clip, a feature that allows users to turn a part of any Web page displayed in <a href="/wiki/Safari_(web_browser)" title="Safari (web browser)">Safari</a> into a live Dashboard widget, and <a href="/wiki/Dashcode" title="Dashcode">Dashcode</a> to help developers code <a href="/wiki/Web_widget" title="Web widget">widgets</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>New <b>Desktop</b>, comprises a redesigned 3-D <a href="/wiki/Dock_(computing)" class="mw-redirect" title="Dock (computing)">dock</a> with a new grouping feature called <b><a href="/wiki/Stacks_(software)" class="mw-redirect" title="Stacks (software)">Stacks</a></b>, which displays files in either a "fan" style, "grid" style, or (since 10.5.2) a "list" style. Rory Prior, on the ThinkMac blog, criticized the shelf-like Dock along with a number of other changes to the user interface.<sup id="cite_ref-RLPRIOR_13-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-RLPRIOR-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Dictionary_(software)" title="Dictionary (software)">Dictionary</a></b> can now search <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia" title="Wikipedia">Wikipedia</a>, and a dictionary of Apple terminology as well. Also included is the Japanese-language dictionary <a href="/wiki/Daijisen" title="Daijisen">Daijisen</a>, Progressive E-J and Progressive J-E dictionaries, and the 25,000-word thesaurus <i>Tsukaikata no Wakaru Ruigo Reikai Jiten</i><span style="font-weight: normal"> (<span title="Japanese-language text"><span lang="ja">使い方の分かる類語例解辞典</span></span>)</span>, all of which are provided by the Japanese publisher <a href="/wiki/Shogakukan" title="Shogakukan">Shogakukan</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-listnewfeatures_9-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-listnewfeatures-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>A redesigned <b><a href="/wiki/Macintosh_Finder" class="mw-redirect" title="Macintosh Finder">Finder</a></b>, with features similar to those seen in <a href="/wiki/ITunes" title="ITunes">iTunes</a> 7, including <a href="/wiki/Cover_Flow" title="Cover Flow">Cover Flow</a> and a Source list-like sidebar.</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Front_Row_(software)" title="Front Row (software)">Front Row</a></b> has been reworked to closely resemble the interface of the original <a href="/wiki/Apple_TV" title="Apple TV">Apple TV</a>.</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/ICal" class="mw-redirect" title="ICal">iCal</a></b> calendar sharing and group scheduling as well as syncing event invitations from Mail.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The icon also reflects the current date even when the application is not running. In previous versions of Mac OS X, the icon would show July 17 in the icon any time the application was not running but the current date when the application was running.</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/IChat" title="IChat">iChat</a></b> enhancements, including multiple logins, invisibility, animated icons, and tabbed chats, similar to features present in <a href="/wiki/Pidgin_(software)" title="Pidgin (software)">Pidgin</a>, <a href="/wiki/Adium" title="Adium">Adium</a> and the iChat plugin Chax; <a href="/wiki/IChat" title="IChat">iChat Theater</a>, allowing users to incorporate images from <a href="/wiki/IPhoto" title="IPhoto">iPhoto</a>, presentations from <a href="/wiki/Keynote_(presentation_software)" title="Keynote (presentation software)">Keynote</a>, videos from <a href="/wiki/QuickTime" title="QuickTime">QuickTime</a>, and other Quick Look features into video chats; and Backdrops, which are similar to <a href="/wiki/Chroma_key" title="Chroma key">chroma keys</a>, but use a real-time difference matte technique which does not require a green or blue screen. iChat also implements screen sharing, a feature previously available with <a href="/wiki/Apple_Remote_Desktop" title="Apple Remote Desktop">Apple Remote Desktop</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-wwdc06engadget_11-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-wwdc06engadget-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Mail_(OS_X)" class="mw-redirect" title="Mail (OS X)">Mail</a></b> enhancements including the additions of <a href="/wiki/RSS" title="RSS">RSS feeds</a>, Stationery, Notes, and <a href="/wiki/Task_list" class="mw-redirect" title="Task list">to-dos</a>. To-dos use a system-wide service that is available to all applications.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><b>Network file sharing</b> improvements include more granular control over permissions, consolidation of <a href="/wiki/Apple_Filing_Protocol" title="Apple Filing Protocol">AFP</a>, <a href="/wiki/File_Transfer_Protocol" title="File Transfer Protocol">FTP</a> and <a href="/wiki/Server_Message_Block" title="Server Message Block">SMB</a> sharing into one control panel, and the ability to share individual folders, a feature that had not been available since <a href="/wiki/Mac_OS_9" title="Mac OS 9">Mac OS 9</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Parental_controls" title="Parental controls">Parental controls</a></b> now include the ability to place restrictions on use of the Internet and to set parental controls from anywhere using remote setup.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Photo_Booth" title="Photo Booth">Photo Booth</a></b> enhancements, including video recording with real-time filters and blue/green-screen technology.</li> <li><b>Podcast Capture</b>, an application allowing users to record and distribute podcasts. It requires access to a computer running Mac OS X Server with Podcast Producer.</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Preview_(software)" class="mw-redirect" title="Preview (software)">Preview</a></b> adds support for annotation, graphics, extraction, search, markup, Instant Alpha and size adjustment tools.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Quick_Look" title="Quick Look">Quick Look</a></b>, a framework allowing documents to be viewed without opening them in an external application and can preview it in full screen.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Plug-ins are available for <a href="/wiki/Quick_Look" title="Quick Look">Quick Look</a> so that users can also view other files, such as Installer Packages.</li></ul> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Coverflowquicklook.PNG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4b/Coverflowquicklook.PNG/220px-Coverflowquicklook.PNG" decoding="async" width="220" height="89" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4b/Coverflowquicklook.PNG/330px-Coverflowquicklook.PNG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/4/4b/Coverflowquicklook.PNG 2x" data-file-width="432" data-file-height="175" /></a><figcaption>The Finder, showing files in <a href="/wiki/Cover_Flow" title="Cover Flow">Cover Flow View</a> and viewing a file using <a href="/wiki/Quick_Look" title="Quick Look">Quick Look</a></figcaption></figure> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Safari_(web_browser)" title="Safari (web browser)">Safari</a></b> 3, which includes Web Clip.</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Spaces_(software)" title="Spaces (software)">Spaces</a></b>, an implementation of <a href="/wiki/Virtual_desktop" title="Virtual desktop">virtual desktops</a> (individually called "Spaces"), allows multiple desktops per user, with certain applications and windows in each desktop.<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Users can organize certain Spaces for certain applications (e.g., one for work-related tasks and one for entertainment) and switch between them. <a href="/wiki/Expos%C3%A9_(Mac_OS_X)" class="mw-redirect" title="Exposé (Mac OS X)">Exposé</a> works inside Spaces, allowing the user to see at a glance all desktops on one screen.<sup id="cite_ref-ExposéInSpaces_26-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ExposéInSpaces-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>) Users can create and control up to 16 spaces, and applications can be switched between each one, creating a very large workspace. The auto-switching feature in <a href="/wiki/Spaces_(software)" title="Spaces (software)">Spaces</a> has annoyed some of its users. Apple added a new preference in 10.5.2 which disabled this feature, but there were still bugs found while switching windows. In 10.5.3, this problem was addressed and was no longer an issue.<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Spotlight_(software)" class="mw-redirect" title="Spotlight (software)">Spotlight</a></b> incorporates additional search capabilities such as <a href="/wiki/Boolean_operator_(computer_programming)" class="mw-redirect" title="Boolean operator (computer programming)">Boolean operators</a>, as well as the ability to search other computers (with appropriate <a href="/wiki/File_system_permissions" class="mw-redirect" title="File system permissions">permissions</a>).<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Time_Machine_(macOS)" title="Time Machine (macOS)">Time Machine</a></b>, an automated backup utility which allows the user to restore files that have been deleted or replaced by another version of a file.<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Though generally lauded in the press as a step forward for data recovery, Time Machine has been criticized in multiple publications for lacking the capabilities of third-party backup software. Analyzing the feature for <a href="/wiki/TidBITS" class="mw-redirect" title="TidBITS">TidBITS</a>, Joe Kissell pointed out that Time Machine does not create bootable copies of backed-up volumes, does not back up to AirPort Disk hard drives and will not back up FileVault encrypted home directories until the user logs out, concluding that the feature is "pretty good at what it does" but he will only use it as part of a "broader backup strategy".<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> One of these issues has been resolved, however; On March 19, 2008, updates were released for AirPort and Time Machine, allowing for Time Machine to use a USB hard disk which has been connected to an AirPort Extreme Base Station.<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Universal_Access" class="mw-redirect" title="Universal Access">Universal Access</a></b> enhancements: significant improvements to applications including <a href="/wiki/VoiceOver" title="VoiceOver">VoiceOver</a>, along with increased support for <a href="/wiki/Braille" title="Braille">Braille</a>, <a href="/wiki/Closed_captioning" title="Closed captioning">closed captioning</a> and a new high‐quality <a href="/wiki/Text-to-speech" class="mw-redirect" title="Text-to-speech">Speech synthesis</a> voice.<sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Russian language support, bringing the total to 18 languages.<sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Leopard removes support for <a href="/wiki/Classic_(Mac_OS_X)" class="mw-redirect" title="Classic (Mac OS X)">Classic</a> applications.<sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Introduced the Alex voice to <b><a href="/wiki/VoiceOver" title="VoiceOver">VoiceOver</a></b>.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Developer_technologies">Developer technologies</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mac_OS_X_Leopard&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Developer technologies"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Native support by many libraries and frameworks for <a href="/wiki/64-bit" class="mw-redirect" title="64-bit">64-bit</a> applications, allowing 64-bit <a href="/wiki/Cocoa_(API)" title="Cocoa (API)">Cocoa</a> applications. Existing <a href="/wiki/32-bit" class="mw-redirect" title="32-bit">32-bit</a> applications using those libraries and frameworks should continue to run without the need for <a href="/wiki/Emulator" title="Emulator">emulation</a> or translation.<sup id="cite_ref-64bit_37-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-64bit-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Leopard offers the <a href="/wiki/Objective-C" title="Objective-C">Objective-C</a> 2.0 runtime, which includes new features such as <a href="/wiki/Garbage_collection_(computer_science)" title="Garbage collection (computer science)">garbage collection</a>. <a href="/wiki/Xcode" title="Xcode">Xcode</a> 3.0 supports the updated language and was itself rewritten with it.<sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>A new framework, <a href="/wiki/Core_Animation" title="Core Animation">Core Animation</a>, allows a developer to create complex animations while specifying only a "start" and a "goal" space. The main goal of Core Animation is to enable the creation of complex animations with small amounts of program code.</li> <li>Apple integrates <a href="/wiki/DTrace" title="DTrace">DTrace</a> from the <a href="/wiki/OpenSolaris" title="OpenSolaris">OpenSolaris</a> project and adds a graphical interface called <a href="/wiki/Instruments_(application)" class="mw-redirect" title="Instruments (application)">Instruments</a> (previously Xray). DTrace provides tools that users, administrators and developers can use to tune the performance of the operating system and the applications that run on it.<sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>The new Scripting Bridge allows programmers to use <a href="/wiki/Python_(programming_language)" title="Python (programming language)">Python</a> 2.5 and <a href="/wiki/Ruby_(programming_language)" title="Ruby (programming language)">Ruby</a> 1.8.6 to interface with the Cocoa frameworks.<sup id="cite_ref-leopardunix_40-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-leopardunix-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ruby_on_Rails" title="Ruby on Rails">Ruby on Rails</a> is included in the default install.</li> <li>Leopard’s <a href="/wiki/OpenGL" title="OpenGL">OpenGL</a> stack has been updated to version 2.1, and uses <a href="/wiki/LLVM" title="LLVM">LLVM</a> to increase its vertex processing speed.<sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Apple has been working to get LLVM integrated into <a href="/wiki/GNU_Compiler_Collection" title="GNU Compiler Collection">GCC</a>;<sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> LLVM’s use within other operating system facilities has not been announced.</li> <li>The Graphics and Media State of the Union address confirmed many other features are possible because of Core Animation, such as live desktops, improvements to <a href="/wiki/Quartz_Composer" title="Quartz Composer">Quartz Composer</a> with custom patches, a new <a href="/wiki/PDF" title="PDF">PDF</a> Kit for developers, and improvements to <a href="/wiki/QuickTime" title="QuickTime">QuickTime</a> <a href="/wiki/API" title="API">APIs</a>.</li> <li>The <code><a href="/wiki/FSEvents" title="FSEvents">FSEvents</a></code> framework allows applications to register for notifications of changes to a given directory tree.<sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Leopard includes a read-only implementation of the <a href="/wiki/ZFS" title="ZFS">ZFS</a> file system.</li></ul> <dl><dd><dl><dd>In mid-December 2006, a pre-release version of Leopard appeared to include support for Sun’s ZFS.<sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Jonathan_I._Schwartz" title="Jonathan I. Schwartz">Jonathan Schwartz</a>, CEO and President of <a href="/wiki/Sun_Microsystems" title="Sun Microsystems">Sun Microsystems</a>, boasted on June 6, 2007, that ZFS had become "the file system" for Leopard.<sup id="cite_ref-45" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, the senior project marketing director for Mac OS X stated on June 11, 2007, that the existing <a href="/wiki/HFS_Plus" title="HFS Plus">HFS+</a>, not ZFS, would be used in Leopard. Apple later clarified that a <i>read-only</i> version of ZFS would be included.<sup id="cite_ref-46" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></dd></dl></dd></dl> <ul><li>Leopard includes drivers for <a href="/wiki/Universal_Disk_Format" title="Universal Disk Format">UDF</a> 2.5, necessary for reading <a href="/wiki/HD_DVD" title="HD DVD">HD DVD</a> and <a href="/wiki/Blu-ray_Disc" class="mw-redirect" title="Blu-ray Disc">Blu-ray</a> discs using third-party drives, but the included DVD Player software can only play HD DVDs authored by <a href="/wiki/DVD_Studio_Pro" title="DVD Studio Pro">DVD Studio Pro</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-47" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Leopard includes a framework implementing <a href="/wiki/Latent_semantic_mapping" title="Latent semantic mapping">latent semantic mapping</a> for classifying (e.g. textual) data.</li> <li>Leopard is the first operating system with open source BSD code to be certified as fully <a href="/wiki/UNIX" class="mw-redirect" title="UNIX">UNIX</a>-compliant.<sup id="cite_ref-48" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-leopard-register-entry_49-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-leopard-register-entry-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Certification means that software following the <a href="/wiki/Single_UNIX_Specification" title="Single UNIX Specification">Single UNIX Specification</a> can be compiled and run on Leopard without the need for any code modification.<sup id="cite_ref-leopardunix_40-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-leopardunix-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The certification only applies to Leopard when run on Intel processors.<sup id="cite_ref-leopard-register-entry_49-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-leopard-register-entry-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Leopard includes <a href="/wiki/J2SE_5.0" class="mw-redirect" title="J2SE 5.0">J2SE 5.0</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-50" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Security_enhancements">Security enhancements</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mac_OS_X_Leopard&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Security enhancements"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>New security features intend to provide better internal resiliency to successful attacks, in addition to preventing attacks from being successful in the first place. </p> <dl><dt>Library Randomization</dt> <dd>Leopard implements <a href="/wiki/Address_space_layout_randomization" title="Address space layout randomization">library randomization</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-listnewfeatures_9-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-listnewfeatures-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> which randomizes the locations of some libraries in memory. Vulnerabilities that corrupt program memory often rely on known addresses for these library routines, which allow injected code to launch processes or change files. Library randomization is presumably a stepping-stone to a more complete implementation of <a href="/wiki/ASLR" class="mw-redirect" title="ASLR">address space layout randomization</a> at a later date.</dd></dl> <dl><dt>Application Layer Firewall</dt> <dd>Leopard ships with two firewall engines: the original BSD <a href="/wiki/Ipfirewall" title="Ipfirewall">IPFW</a>, which was present in earlier releases of Mac OS X, and the new Leopard Application Layer Firewall. Unlike IPFW, which intercepts and filters IP datagrams before the kernel performs significant processing, the Application Layer Firewall operates at the socket layer, bound to individual processes. The Application Layer Firewall can therefore make filtering decisions on a per-application basis. Of the two firewall engines, only the Application Layer Firewall is fully exposed in the Leopard user interface. The new firewall offers less control over individual packet decisions (users can decide to allow or deny connections system-wide or to individual applications, but must use IPFW to set fine-grained TCP/IP header-level policies). It also makes several policy exceptions for system processes: neither mDNSResponder nor programs running with <a href="/wiki/Superuser" title="Superuser">superuser</a> privileges are filtered.<sup id="cite_ref-51" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></dd></dl> <dl><dt>Sandboxes</dt> <dd>Leopard includes kernel-level support for <a href="/wiki/RBAC" class="mw-redirect" title="RBAC">role-based access control</a> (RBAC). RBAC is intended to prevent, for example, an application like Mail from editing the password database.</dd></dl> <dl><dt>Application Signing</dt> <dd>Leopard provides a framework to use <a href="/wiki/Public-key_cryptography" title="Public-key cryptography">public key signatures</a> for <a href="/wiki/Code_signing" title="Code signing">code signing</a> to verify, in some circumstances, that code has not been tampered with. Signatures can also be used to ensure that one program replacing another is truly an "update", and carry any special security privileges across to the new version. This reduces the number of user security prompts, and the likelihood of the user being trained to simply clicking "OK" to everything.</dd></dl> <dl><dt>Secure Guest Account</dt> <dd>Guests can be given access to a Leopard system with an account that the system erases and resets at logout.<sup id="cite_ref-52" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></dd></dl> <p>Security features in Leopard have been criticized as weak or ineffective, with the publisher <a href="/wiki/Heinz_Heise" class="mw-redirect" title="Heinz Heise">Heise Security</a> documenting that the Leopard installer downgraded firewall protection and exposed services to attack even when the firewall was re-enabled.<sup id="cite_ref-53" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-54" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Several researchers noted that the Library Randomization feature added to Leopard was ineffective compared to mature implementations on other platforms, and that the new "secure Guest account" could be abused by Guests to retain access to the system even after the Leopard log out process erased their home directory.<sup id="cite_ref-55" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-56" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="System_requirements">System requirements</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mac_OS_X_Leopard&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: System requirements"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Apple states the following basic Leopard system requirements, although, for some specific applications and features (such as iChat backdrops) an Intel processor is required:<sup id="cite_ref-techspecs_57-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-techspecs-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul><li>Processor: any Intel processor, or PowerPC <a href="/wiki/PowerPC_970" title="PowerPC 970">G5</a> or <a href="/wiki/PowerPC_G4" title="PowerPC G4">G4</a> (867 MHz and faster) processor</li> <li>Optical drive: internal or external <a href="/wiki/Optical_disc_drive" title="Optical disc drive">DVD drive</a> (for installation of the operating system)</li> <li>Memory: minimum 512 MB of <a href="/wiki/Random_access_memory" class="mw-redirect" title="Random access memory">RAM</a> (additional RAM (1 GB) is recommended for development purposes)</li> <li>Hard drive capacity: Minimum 9 GB of <a href="/wiki/Hard_disk_drive" title="Hard disk drive">disk</a> space available.</li></ul> <p>Leopard’s retail version was not released in separate versions for each type of processor, but instead consisted of one <a href="/wiki/Universal_binary" title="Universal binary">universal release</a> that could run on both PowerPC and Intel processors.<sup id="cite_ref-64bit_37-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-64bit-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, the install discs that ship with Intel-based Macs only contain Intel binaries. <sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (June 2010)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>Processor type and speed are checked during installation and installation halted if insufficient; however, Leopard will run on slower G4 processor machines (e.g., a 733 MHz <a href="/wiki/Power_Mac_G4#Four-slot_models" title="Power Mac G4">Quicksilver</a>) if the installation is performed on a supported Mac and its hard drive then moved to a slower/unsupported one (the drive may either be an internal mechanism or a <a href="/wiki/IEEE_1394_interface" class="mw-redirect" title="IEEE 1394 interface">Firewire</a> external).<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (July 2010)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Supported_machines">Supported machines</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mac_OS_X_Leopard&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Supported machines"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Mac OS X Leopard can run on the later flat-panel <a href="/wiki/IMac_G4" title="IMac G4">iMac G4s</a>, the <a href="/wiki/IMac_G5" title="IMac G5">iMac G5</a>, <a href="/wiki/IMac_intel_core_duo" class="mw-redirect" title="IMac intel core duo">iMac Intel Core Duo</a> and iMac Intel Core 2 Duo, <a href="/wiki/PowerBook_G4" title="PowerBook G4">PowerBook G4</a>, <a href="/wiki/Power_Mac_G4" title="Power Mac G4">Power Mac G4</a>, <a href="/wiki/Power_Mac_G5" title="Power Mac G5">Power Mac G5</a>, <a href="/wiki/IBook_G4" class="mw-redirect" title="IBook G4">iBook G4</a>, MacBook, <a href="/wiki/MacBook_Pro" title="MacBook Pro">MacBook Pro</a>, <a href="/wiki/MacBook_Air" title="MacBook Air">MacBook Air</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mac_Pro" title="Mac Pro">Mac Pro</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mac_Mini" title="Mac Mini">Mac Mini</a>, <a href="/wiki/Xserve" title="Xserve">Xserve</a>, Xserve G5, Xserve RAID, Macintosh Server G4, and later <a href="/wiki/EMac" title="EMac">eMac</a> models. Leopard can run on older hardware as long as they have a G4 upgrade installed running at the 867 MHz or faster, have at least 9 GB free of hard drive space, 512 MB RAM and have a DVD drive. Leopard however will not run on the 900 MHz iBook G3 models even though they exceed the minimum 867 MHz requirement. This is due to the lack of <a href="/wiki/AltiVec" title="AltiVec">AltiVec</a> support in the G3 line of processors. Leopard can be "hacked" (see below) to install on these G3 and pre-867 MHz G4 machines but the system may behave erratically and many of the programs, features, and functions may not work properly or at all. As of mid-2010, some Apple computers have firmware factory installed which will no longer allow installation of Mac OS X Leopard. These computers only allow installation of Mac OS X Snow Leopard.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (May 2010)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> However, some computers (such as the 2011 model of the <a href="/wiki/Mac_mini" class="mw-redirect" title="Mac mini">Mac mini</a>) can have Leopard installed on them without hacking.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (December 2013)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Usage_on_unsupported_hardware">Usage on unsupported hardware</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mac_OS_X_Leopard&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Usage on unsupported hardware"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Some ways of running Leopard on certain unsupported hardware, primarily PowerPC G4 computers with CPU speeds lower than the official requirement of 867 MHz, have been discovered. A common way is use of the program LeopardAssist, which is a bootloader similar in some respects to <a href="/wiki/XPostFacto" title="XPostFacto">XPostFacto</a> (used for installing earlier releases of Mac OS X on unsupported G3 and pre-G3 Macs) that uses the Mac’s Open Firmware to tell Leopard that the machine does have a CPU meeting the 867 MHz minimum requirement that the Installer checks for before installation is allowed to commence, when in reality the CPU is slower.<sup id="cite_ref-58" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Currently, LeopardAssist only runs on slower G4s and many people have installed Leopard successfully on these older machines. </p><p>Users who have access to supported hardware have installed Leopard on the supported machine then simply moved the hard drive to the unsupported machine. Alternatively, the Leopard Installation DVD was booted on a supported Mac, then installed on an unsupported Mac via Firewire Target Disk Mode. Leopard is only compiled for AltiVec-enabled PowerPC processors (G4 and G5) though, as well as Intel, so both of these methods will only work on Macs with G4 or later CPUs. While some of the earlier beta releases were made to run on some later G3 machines (mostly later 800–900 MHz iBooks), no success with the retail version has been officially reported on G3 Macs except for some later iMacs and <a href="/wiki/PowerBook_G3#PowerBook_G3_.28FireWire.29" title="PowerBook G3">"Pismo" PowerBook G3s</a> with G4 processor upgrades installed. </p><p>For a number of months after Leopard's release it appeared that the only G3 Macs on which Leopard could be run were those with both an aftermarket G4 processor and an AGP graphics card, as failures with the OS partially booting before crashing were reported on older Macs such as the original tray-loading iMacs and the Beige and Blue & White Power Mac G3 (all with G4 upgrades as Leopard will not even begin to load without one) whereas it would boot fine on newer Macs where the Installer restriction had been circumvented. However, more recently it has been reported<sup id="cite_ref-59" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-60" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-60"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> that with some more work and use of kernel extensions from XPostFacto, Tiger and beta builds of Leopard, the OS can be made to run on G4-upgraded Macs as old as the <a href="/wiki/Power_Macintosh_9500" title="Power Macintosh 9500">Power Macintosh 9500</a>, despite the lack of AGP-based graphics. While Leopard can be run on any Mac with a G4 or later processor, some functionality such as Front Row or Time Machine fails to work without a <a href="/wiki/Quartz_Extreme" class="mw-redirect" title="Quartz Extreme">Quartz Extreme</a>-capable graphics card, which many of the earlier G4s did not include in their factory specification. </p><p>Since Apple moved to using Intel processors in their computers, the <a href="/wiki/OSx86" class="mw-redirect" title="OSx86">OSx86</a> community has developed and now also allows Mac OS X Tiger and later releases to be installed and run successfully on non-Apple x86-based computers, albeit in violation of Apple's licensing agreement for Mac OS X. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Packaging">Packaging</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mac_OS_X_Leopard&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Packaging"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The retail packaging for Leopard is significantly smaller than it was for previous versions of Mac OS X (although later copies of OS X 10.4 Tiger also came in a similar small box). It also includes a <a href="/wiki/Lenticular_printing" title="Lenticular printing">lenticular</a> cover, making the <i>X</i> appear to float above a purple galaxy, somewhat resembling the default Leopard desktop wallpaper.<sup id="cite_ref-61" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-61"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>61<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Release_history">Release history</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mac_OS_X_Leopard&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Release history"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Version </th> <th>Build </th> <th style="width:128px">Date </th> <th style="width:68px"><a href="/wiki/Darwin_(operating_system)" title="Darwin (operating system)">Darwin</a> version </th> <th>Notes </th> <th>Download </th></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center">10.5 </td> <td>9A581 </td> <td>October 26, 2007 </td> <td>9.0<br /><small>xnu-1228~1</small> </td> <td>Original retail DVD release </td> <td data-sort-value="" style="background: var(--background-color-interactive, #ececec); color: var(--color-base, inherit); vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">— </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center" rowspan="2">10.5.1 </td> <td>9B18 </td> <td>November 15, 2007 </td> <td>9.1<br /><small>xnu-1228.0.2~1</small> </td> <td>Second retail DVD release. Various bug fixes and security updates.<sup id="cite_ref-62" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-62"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Some users experienced login problems and audio problems with this update.<sup id="cite_ref-63" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-63"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>63<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td rowspan="2"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://support.apple.com/kb/dl154">Mac OS X 10.5.1 Update</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>9B2117 </td> <td>December 14, 2007 </td> <td>9.1.1 </td> <td>Forked build for Early 2008 Mac Pro and Xserve </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center" rowspan="2">10.5.2 </td> <td>9C31 </td> <td rowspan="2">February 11, 2008 </td> <td>9.2<br /><small>xnu-1228.3.13~1</small> </td> <td rowspan="2">About the Mac OS X 10.5.2 Update </td> <td rowspan="2"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://support.apple.com/kb/dl123">Mac OS X 10.5.2 Combo Update</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>9C7010 </td> <td>9.2 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center">10.5.3 </td> <td>9D34 </td> <td>May 28, 2008 </td> <td>9.3<br /><small>xnu-1228.5.18~1</small> </td> <td>About the Mac OS X 10.5.3 Update </td> <td><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://support.apple.com/kb/DL65">Mac OS X 10.5.3 Update</a> <p><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://support.apple.com/kb/DL64">Mac OS X 10.5.3 Combo Update</a> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center">10.5.4 </td> <td>9E17 </td> <td>June 30, 2008 </td> <td>9.4<br /><small>xnu-1228.5.20~1</small> </td> <td>About the Mac OS X 10.5.4 update; Third retail DVD release </td> <td><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://support.apple.com/kb/DL35">Mac OS X 10.5.4 Update</a> <p><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://support.apple.com/kb/DL34">Mac OS X 10.5.4 Combo Update</a> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center">10.5.5 </td> <td>9F33 </td> <td>September 15, 2008 </td> <td>9.5<br /><small>1228.7.58~1</small> </td> <td>About the Mac OS X 10.5.5 Update </td> <td><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://support.apple.com/kb/DL689">Mac OS X 10.5.5 Update</a> <p><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://support.apple.com/kb/dl692">Mac OS X 10.5.5 Combo Update</a> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center" rowspan="3">10.5.6 </td> <td>9G55 </td> <td>December 15, 2008 </td> <td rowspan="2">9.6 </td> <td>About the Mac OS X 10.5.6 Update </td> <td><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://support.apple.com/kb/DL752">Mac OS X 10.5.6 Update</a> <p><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://support.apple.com/kb/dl754">Mac OS X 10.5.6 Combo Update</a> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td>9G66 </td> <td>January 6, 2009 </td> <td>Fourth retail DVD release (part of <a href="/wiki/Mac_Box_Set" title="Mac Box Set">Mac Box Set</a>) </td> <td data-sort-value="" style="background: var(--background-color-interactive, #ececec); color: var(--color-base, inherit); vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">— </td></tr> <tr> <td>9G71 </td> <td data-sort-value="" style="background: var(--background-color-interactive, #ececec); color: var(--color-base, inherit); vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">— </td> <td>9.6<br /><small>xnu-1228.9.59~1</small> </td> <td colspan="2data-sort-value=""" style="background: var(--background-color-interactive, #ececec); color: var(--color-base, inherit); vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">— </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center">10.5.7 </td> <td>9J61 </td> <td>May 12, 2009 </td> <td>9.7<br /><small>xnu-1228.12.14~1</small> </td> <td>About the Mac OS X 10.5.7 Update </td> <td><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://support.apple.com/kb/DL826">Mac OS X 10.5.7 Update</a> <p><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://support.apple.com/kb/DL827">Mac OS X 10.5.7 Combo Update</a> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center" rowspan="2">10.5.8 </td> <td>9L30 </td> <td>August 5, 2009 </td> <td>9.8 </td> <td>About the Mac OS X 10.5.8 Update </td> <td><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://support.apple.com/kb/dl865">Mac OS X 10.5.8 Update</a> <p><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://support.apple.com/kb/dl866">Mac OS X 10.5.8 Combo Update</a> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td>9L34 </td> <td>August 31, 2009 </td> <td>9.8<br /><small>xnu-1228.15.4~1</small> </td> <td>Mac OS X Server 10.5.8 Update v.1.1 </td> <td data-sort-value="" style="background: var(--background-color-interactive, #ececec); color: var(--color-base, inherit); vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">— </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Timeline_of_Macintosh_operating_systems">Timeline of Macintosh operating systems</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mac_OS_X_Leopard&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Timeline of Macintosh operating systems"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div style="width:100%;overflow:auto"> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Timeline of Mac operating systems <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Timeline_of_Mac_operating_systems" title="Template:Timeline of Mac operating systems"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Timeline_of_Mac_operating_systems" title="Template talk:Timeline of Mac operating systems"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Timeline_of_Mac_operating_systems" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Timeline of Mac operating systems"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div> </th></tr> <tr> <td><div class="timeline-wrapper"><map name="timeline_2veujotu7a90n1b02wywdxtt5te4asd"><area shape="rect" href="/wiki/ARM_architecture_family" coords="1005,187,1058,208" title="ARM architecture family" alt="ARM architecture family" /><area shape="rect" href="/wiki/x86" coords="599,187,651,208" title="x86" alt="x86" /><area shape="rect" href="/wiki/PowerPC" coords="274,187,349,208" title="PowerPC" alt="PowerPC" /><area shape="rect" href="/wiki/68k" coords="-4,187,47,208" title="68k" alt="68k" /><area shape="rect" href="/wiki/MacBook_Air_(Apple_silicon)" coords="1005,167,1097,188" title="MacBook Air (Apple silicon)" alt="MacBook Air (Apple silicon)" /><area shape="rect" href="/wiki/iMac_Pro" coords="926,167,1006,188" title="iMac Pro" alt="iMac Pro" /><area shape="rect" href="/wiki/Retina_MacBook_Pro" coords="775,167,911,188" title="Retina MacBook Pro" alt="Retina MacBook Pro" /><area shape="rect" href="/wiki/MacBook_Air" coords="655,167,752,188" title="MacBook Air" alt="MacBook Air" /><area shape="rect" href="/wiki/Apple%E2%80%93Intel_architecture" coords="599,167,662,188" title="Apple–Intel architecture" alt="Apple–Intel architecture" /><area shape="rect" href="/wiki/Power_Mac_G5" coords="529,167,576,188" title="Power Mac G5" alt="Power Mac G5" /><area shape="rect" href="/wiki/Power_Mac_G4" coords="424,167,471,188" title="Power Mac G4" alt="Power Mac G4" /><area shape="rect" href="/wiki/iMac_G3" coords="395,167,454,188" title="iMac G3" alt="iMac G3" /><area shape="rect" href="/wiki/Power_Macintosh" coords="274,167,394,188" title="Power Macintosh" alt="Power Macintosh" /><area shape="rect" href="/wiki/Macintosh_Quadra" coords="209,167,278,188" title="Macintosh Quadra" alt="Macintosh Quadra" /><area shape="rect" href="/wiki/Macintosh_Portable" coords="161,167,241,188" title="Macintosh Portable" alt="Macintosh Portable" /><area shape="rect" href="/wiki/Macintosh_SE/30" coords="133,167,197,188" title="Macintosh SE/30" alt="Macintosh SE/30" /><area shape="rect" href="/wiki/Macintosh_II" coords="81,167,151,188" title="Macintosh II" alt="Macintosh II" /><area shape="rect" href="/wiki/Macintosh_Plus" coords="51,167,109,188" title="Macintosh Plus" alt="Macintosh Plus" /><area shape="rect" href="/wiki/Macintosh_128K" coords="-4,167,81,188" title="Macintosh 128K" alt="Macintosh 128K" /><area shape="rect" href="/wiki/macOS_Sequoia" coords="1111,108,1214,129" title="macOS Sequoia" alt="macOS Sequoia" /><area shape="rect" href="/wiki/macOS_Sonoma" coords="1084,88,1181,109" title="macOS Sonoma" alt="macOS Sonoma" /><area shape="rect" href="/wiki/macOS_Ventura" coords="1059,147,1162,168" title="macOS Ventura" alt="macOS Ventura" /><area shape="rect" href="/wiki/macOS_Monterey" coords="1032,128,1140,148" title="macOS Monterey" alt="macOS Monterey" /><area shape="rect" href="/wiki/macOS_Big_Sur" coords="1006,108,1108,129" title="macOS Big Sur" alt="macOS Big Sur" /><area shape="rect" href="/wiki/macOS_Catalina" coords="975,88,1089,109" title="macOS Catalina" alt="macOS Catalina" /><area shape="rect" href="/wiki/macOS_Mojave" coords="947,147,1050,168" title="macOS Mojave" alt="macOS Mojave" /><area shape="rect" href="/wiki/macOS_High_Sierra" coords="920,128,1050,148" title="macOS High Sierra" alt="macOS High Sierra" /><area shape="rect" href="/wiki/macOS_Sierra" coords="892,108,995,129" title="macOS Sierra" alt="macOS Sierra" /><area shape="rect" href="/wiki/OS_X_El_Capitan" coords="865,88,990,109" title="OS X El Capitan" alt="OS X El Capitan" /><area shape="rect" href="/wiki/OS_X_Yosemite" coords="839,147,953,168" title="OS X Yosemite" alt="OS X Yosemite" /><area shape="rect" href="/wiki/OS_X_Mavericks" coords="812,128,926,148" title="OS X Mavericks" alt="OS X Mavericks" /><area 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href="/wiki/Mac_OS_X_10.0" coords="467,108,570,129" title="Mac OS X 10.0" alt="Mac OS X 10.0" /><area shape="rect" href="/wiki/Mac_OS_X_Server_1.0" coords="411,88,514,109" title="Mac OS X Server 1.0" alt="Mac OS X Server 1.0" /><area shape="rect" href="/wiki/Mac_OS_X_Public_Beta" coords="453,108,500,129" title="Mac OS X Public Beta" alt="Mac OS X Public Beta" /><area shape="rect" href="/wiki/A/UX" coords="222,68,264,89" title="A/UX" alt="A/UX" /><area shape="rect" href="/wiki/A/UX" coords="171,68,213,89" title="A/UX" alt="A/UX" /><area shape="rect" href="/wiki/A/UX" coords="108,68,177,89" title="A/UX" alt="A/UX" /><area shape="rect" href="/wiki/MacWorks_XL" coords="171,49,246,69" title="MacWorks XL" alt="MacWorks XL" /><area shape="rect" href="/wiki/MacWorks_XL" coords="121,49,180,69" title="MacWorks XL" alt="MacWorks XL" /><area shape="rect" href="/wiki/Sun_Remarketing" coords="50,49,120,69" title="Sun Remarketing" alt="Sun Remarketing" /><area shape="rect" href="/wiki/MacWorks_XL" coords="-3,49,71,69" title="MacWorks XL" alt="MacWorks XL" /><area shape="rect" href="/wiki/Mac_OS_9" coords="473,29,526,49" title="Mac OS 9" alt="Mac OS 9" /><area shape="rect" href="/wiki/Mac_OS_9" coords="461,29,514,49" title="Mac OS 9" alt="Mac OS 9" /><area shape="rect" href="/wiki/Mac_OS_9" coords="428,29,470,49" title="Mac OS 9" alt="Mac OS 9" /><area shape="rect" href="/wiki/Mac_OS_8" coords="416,29,468,49" title="Mac OS 8" alt="Mac OS 8" /><area shape="rect" href="/wiki/Mac_OS_8" coords="400,29,453,49" title="Mac OS 8" alt="Mac OS 8" /><area shape="rect" href="/wiki/Mac_OS_8" coords="380,29,433,49" title="Mac OS 8" alt="Mac OS 8" /><area shape="rect" href="/wiki/Mac_OS_8" coords="367,29,408,49" title="Mac OS 8" alt="Mac OS 8" /><area shape="rect" href="/wiki/System_7" coords="352,29,404,49" title="System 7" alt="System 7" /><area shape="rect" href="/wiki/System_7" coords="288,29,341,49" title="System 7" alt="System 7" /><area shape="rect" href="/wiki/System_7" coords="231,29,284,49" title="System 7" alt="System 7" /><area shape="rect" href="/wiki/System_7" coords="196,29,238,49" title="System 7" alt="System 7" /><area shape="rect" href="/wiki/System_6" coords="112,29,154,49" title="System 6" alt="System 6" /><area shape="rect" href="/wiki/Classic_Mac_OS" coords="98,29,140,49" title="Classic Mac OS" alt="Classic Mac OS" /><area shape="rect" href="/wiki/Classic_Mac_OS" coords="78,29,120,49" title="Classic Mac OS" alt="Classic Mac OS" /><area shape="rect" href="/wiki/Classic_Mac_OS" coords="51,29,92,49" title="Classic Mac OS" alt="Classic Mac OS" /><area shape="rect" href="/wiki/Classic_Mac_OS" coords="30,29,71,49" title="Classic Mac OS" alt="Classic Mac OS" /><area shape="rect" href="/wiki/System_1" coords="-3,29,55,49" title="System 1" alt="System 1" /><area shape="rect" href="/wiki/Finder_(software)" coords="427,9,480,30" title="Finder (software)" alt="Finder (software)" /><area shape="rect" href="/wiki/Finder_(software)" coords="352,9,405,30" title="Finder (software)" alt="Finder (software)" /><area shape="rect" href="/wiki/Finder_(software)" coords="197,9,249,30" title="Finder (software)" alt="Finder (software)" /><area shape="rect" href="/wiki/Finder_(software)" coords="98,9,151,30" title="Finder (software)" alt="Finder (software)" /><area shape="rect" href="/wiki/Finder_(software)" coords="44,9,96,30" title="Finder (software)" alt="Finder (software)" /><area shape="rect" href="/wiki/Finder_(software)" coords="30,9,83,30" title="Finder (software)" alt="Finder (software)" /><area shape="rect" href="/wiki/Finder_(software)" coords="-3,9,65,30" title="Finder (software)" alt="Finder (software)" /></map><img usemap="#timeline_2veujotu7a90n1b02wywdxtt5te4asd" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/timeline/2veujotu7a90n1b02wywdxtt5te4asd.png" /></div> </td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Compatibility">Compatibility</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mac_OS_X_Leopard&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Compatibility"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>After Leopard’s release, there were widely reported incidents of new Leopard installs hanging during boot on the blue screen that appears just before the login process starts.<sup id="cite_ref-64" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-64"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>64<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Apple attributed these problems to an outdated version of an unsupported add-on extension called <a href="/wiki/Application_Enhancer" class="mw-redirect" title="Application Enhancer">Application Enhancer</a> (APE), from <a href="/wiki/Unsanity" title="Unsanity">Unsanity</a> which had been incompatible with Leopard. Some users were unaware that APE had been silently installed during installation of Logitech mouse drivers. However, only the users who did not have the latest version of APE installed (2.0.3 at that time) were affected.<sup id="cite_ref-65" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-65"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>65<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Apple published a knowledge base article on how to solve this problem.<sup id="cite_ref-66" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-66"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>66<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Google" title="Google">Google</a> announced that the <a href="/wiki/Google_Chrome" title="Google Chrome">Chrome</a> browser will be dropping support for Leopard starting with Chrome 21. By that time Chrome will no longer auto-update, and new Chrome installations are not allowed. Their rationale for removal of support is that Leopard is an "OS X version also no longer being updated by Apple."<sup id="cite_ref-67" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-67"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>67<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Firefox" title="Firefox">Firefox</a> also dropped support for Leopard after it shipped Firefox 16 in October 2012.<sup id="cite_ref-mwffend_68-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-mwffend-68"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>68<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/TenFourFox" class="mw-redirect" title="TenFourFox">TenFourFox</a> is a port of Firefox for the PPC architecture, released after Firefox dropped support for Leopard. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mac_OS_X_Leopard&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-leopard_unix_cert-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-leopard_unix_cert_1-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.opengroup.org/openbrand/register/brand3555.htm">"Mac OS X Version 10.5 on Intel-based Macintosh computers"</a>. The Open Group. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080511222112/http://www.opengroup.org/openbrand/register/brand3555.htm">Archived</a> from the original on May 11, 2008<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">December 4,</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Mac+OS+X+Version+10.5+on+Intel-based+Macintosh+computers&rft.pub=The+Open+Group&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.opengroup.org%2Fopenbrand%2Fregister%2Fbrand3555.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMac+OS+X+Leopard" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-leopard-pr-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-leopard-pr_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-leopard-pr_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.apple.com/newsroom/2007/10/16Apple-to-Ship-Mac-OS-X-Leopard-on-October-26">"Apple to Ship Mac OS X Leopard on October 26"</a>. Apple Inc. October 16, 2007. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180128030037/https://www.apple.com/newsroom/2007/10/16Apple-to-Ship-Mac-OS-X-Leopard-on-October-26">Archived</a> from the original on January 28, 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 11,</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Apple+to+Ship+Mac+OS+X+Leopard+on+October+26&rft.pub=Apple+Inc.&rft.date=2007-10-16&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.apple.com%2Fnewsroom%2F2007%2F10%2F16Apple-to-Ship-Mac-OS-X-Leopard-on-October-26&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMac+OS+X+Leopard" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJohnson2009" class="citation web cs1">Johnson, Jeff (September 1, 2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://lapcatsoftware.com/blog/2009/09/01/apple-hot-swapped-mac-os-x-10-5-8">"Apple hot-swapped Mac OS X 10.5.8"</a>. Lap Cat Software Blog. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160201052428/http://lapcatsoftware.com/blog/2009/09/01/apple-hot-swapped-mac-os-x-10-5-8">Archived</a> from the original on February 1, 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 7,</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Apple+hot-swapped+Mac+OS+X+10.5.8&rft.pub=Lap+Cat+Software+Blog&rft.date=2009-09-01&rft.aulast=Johnson&rft.aufirst=Jeff&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Flapcatsoftware.com%2Fblog%2F2009%2F09%2F01%2Fapple-hot-swapped-mac-os-x-10-5-8&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMac+OS+X+Leopard" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://support.apple.com/kb/HT3606">"About the Mac OS X v10.5.8 Update"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Apple_Inc." title="Apple Inc.">Apple Inc.</a></i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100401165753/http://support.apple.com/kb/ht3606">Archived</a> from the original on April 1, 2010<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 5,</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Apple+Inc.&rft.atitle=About+the+Mac+OS+X+v10.5.8+Update&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fsupport.apple.com%2Fkb%2FHT3606&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMac+OS+X+Leopard" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://images.apple.com/legal/sla/docs/osx_snow_leopard_sec_upd.pdf">"SOFTWARE LICENSE AGREEMENT FOR MAC OS X Single Use, Family Pack and Leopard Upgrade Licenses for use on Apple-branded Systems"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>apple.com</i>. <a href="/wiki/Apple_Inc" class="mw-redirect" title="Apple Inc">Apple Inc</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150325013508/http://images.apple.com/legal/sla/docs/osx_snow_leopard_sec_upd.pdf">Archived</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> from the original on March 25, 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 19,</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=apple.com&rft.atitle=SOFTWARE+LICENSE+AGREEMENT+FOR+MAC+OS+X+Single+Use%2C+Family+Pack+and+Leopard+Upgrade+Licenses+for+use+on+Apple-branded+Systems&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fimages.apple.com%2Flegal%2Fsla%2Fdocs%2Fosx_snow_leopard_sec_upd.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMac+OS+X+Leopard" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGregg_Keizer2013" class="citation web cs1">Gregg Keizer (December 17, 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.computerworld.com/s/article/9244852/Apple_signals_end_to_OS_X_Snow_Leopard_support">"Apple signals end to OS X Snow Leopard support"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Computerworld" title="Computerworld">Computerworld</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140407021432/http://www.computerworld.com/s/article/9244852/Apple_signals_end_to_OS_X_Snow_Leopard_support">Archived</a> from the original on April 7, 2014. <q>Apple provided the final update to Leopard in June 2011</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Apple+signals+end+to+OS+X+Snow+Leopard+support&rft.pub=Computerworld&rft.date=2013-12-17&rft.au=Gregg+Keizer&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.computerworld.com%2Fs%2Farticle%2F9244852%2FApple_signals_end_to_OS_X_Snow_Leopard_support&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMac+OS+X+Leopard" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.computerworld.com/s/article/9246609/Apple_retires_Snow_Leopard_from_support_leaves_1_in_5_Macs_vulnerable_to_attacks">"Apple retires Snow Leopard from support, leaves 1 in 5 Macs vulnerable to attacks"</a>. February 26, 2014. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140528150522/http://www.computerworld.com/s/article/9246609/Apple_retires_Snow_Leopard_from_support_leaves_1_in_5_Macs_vulnerable_to_attacks">Archived</a> from the original on May 28, 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 9,</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Apple+retires+Snow+Leopard+from+support%2C+leaves+1+in+5+Macs+vulnerable+to+attacks&rft.date=2014-02-26&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.computerworld.com%2Fs%2Farticle%2F9246609%2FApple_retires_Snow_Leopard_from_support_leaves_1_in_5_Macs_vulnerable_to_attacks&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMac+OS+X+Leopard" class="Z3988"></span> See the graph picture on the web</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation pressrelease cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.apple.com/newsroom/2007/10/16Apple-Announces-Mac-OS-X-Server-Leopard">"Apple Announces Mac OS X Server Leopard"</a> (Press release). Apple Inc. October 16, 2007. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230208044844/https://www.apple.com/newsroom/2007/10/16Apple-Announces-Mac-OS-X-Server-Leopard/">Archived</a> from the original on February 8, 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 11,</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Apple+Announces+Mac+OS+X+Server+Leopard&rft.pub=Apple+Inc.&rft.date=2007-10-16&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.apple.com%2Fnewsroom%2F2007%2F10%2F16Apple-Announces-Mac-OS-X-Server-Leopard&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMac+OS+X+Leopard" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-listnewfeatures-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-listnewfeatures_9-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-listnewfeatures_9-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-listnewfeatures_9-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-listnewfeatures_9-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20071016170507/http://www.apple.com/macosx/features/300.html">"Mac OS X Leopard — Features - 300+ New Features"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Apple_Inc." title="Apple Inc.">Apple Inc.</a> October 16, 2007. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.apple.com/macosx/features/300.html">the original</a> on October 16, 2007<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 16,</span> 2007</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Mac+OS+X+Leopard+%E2%80%94+Features+-+300%2B+New+Features&rft.pub=Apple+Inc.&rft.date=2007-10-16&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.apple.com%2Fmacosx%2Ffeatures%2F300.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMac+OS+X+Leopard" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.news.com/Apples-Intel-switch-Jobs-keynote-transcript---page-2/2100-1047_3-5748045-2.html?tag=st.num">"Apple's Intel switch: Jobs' keynote transcript"</a>. CNet. June 15, 2005. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191018102933/https://www.cnet.com/news/">Archived</a> from the original on October 18, 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 12,</span> 2007</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Apple%27s+Intel+switch%3A+Jobs%27+keynote+transcript&rft.pub=CNet&rft.date=2005-06-15&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.news.com%2FApples-Intel-switch-Jobs-keynote-transcript---page-2%2F2100-1047_3-5748045-2.html%3Ftag%3Dst.num&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMac+OS+X+Leopard" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-wwdc06engadget-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-wwdc06engadget_11-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-wwdc06engadget_11-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRyan_Block2006" class="citation web cs1">Ryan Block (August 7, 2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.engadget.com/2006/08/07/live-from-wwdc-2006-steve-jobs-keynote">"Live from WWDC 2006: Steve Jobs keynote"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Engadget" title="Engadget">Engadget</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20060813091903/http://www.engadget.com/2006/08/07/live-from-wwdc-2006-steve-jobs-keynote">Archived</a> from the original on August 13, 2006<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 7,</span> 2006</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Live+from+WWDC+2006%3A+Steve+Jobs+keynote&rft.pub=Engadget&rft.date=2006-08-07&rft.au=Ryan+Block&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.engadget.com%2F2006%2F08%2F07%2Flive-from-wwdc-2006-steve-jobs-keynote&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMac+OS+X+Leopard" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-april07pr-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-april07pr_12-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFApple_Inc.2007" class="citation pressrelease cs1">Apple Inc. (April 12, 2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070414112638/http://biz.yahoo.com/prnews/070412/sfth056.html?.v=87">"Apple Statement"</a> (Press release). Yahoo! Finance. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://biz.yahoo.com/prnews/070412/sfth056.html?.v=87">the original</a> on April 14, 2007<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 12,</span> 2007</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Apple+Statement&rft.pub=Yahoo%21+Finance&rft.date=2007-04-12&rft.au=Apple+Inc.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbiz.yahoo.com%2Fprnews%2F070412%2Fsfth056.html%3F.v%3D87&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMac+OS+X+Leopard" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-RLPRIOR-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-RLPRIOR_13-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-RLPRIOR_13-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRory_Prior2007" class="citation web cs1">Rory Prior (October 28, 2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090420132123/http://www.thinkmac.co.uk/blog/2007/10/leopard-stupidity.html">"ThinkMac Blog: Leopard stupidity"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.thinkmac.co.uk/blog/2007/10/leopard-stupidity.html">the original</a> on April 20, 2009.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=ThinkMac+Blog%3A+Leopard+stupidity&rft.date=2007-10-28&rft.au=Rory+Prior&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.thinkmac.co.uk%2Fblog%2F2007%2F10%2Fleopard-stupidity.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMac+OS+X+Leopard" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://docs.info.apple.com/article.html?artnum=307109">"Information about the 10.5.2 update"</a>. Docs.info.apple.com. May 2, 2008. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080315182840/http://docs.info.apple.com/article.html?artnum=307109">Archived</a> from the original on March 15, 2008<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 21,</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Information+about+the+10.5.2+update&rft.pub=Docs.info.apple.com&rft.date=2008-05-02&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fdocs.info.apple.com%2Farticle.html%3Fartnum%3D307109&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMac+OS+X+Leopard" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFApple_Inc" class="citation web cs1">Apple Inc. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20061116063706/http://www.apple.com/macosx/leopard/dashboard.html">"Leopard Sneak Peek — Dashboard"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.apple.com/macosx/leopard/dashboard.html">the original</a> on November 16, 2006<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 28,</span> 2006</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Leopard+Sneak+Peek+%E2%80%94+Dashboard&rft.au=Apple+Inc&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.apple.com%2Fmacosx%2Fleopard%2Fdashboard.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMac+OS+X+Leopard" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20071011174742/http://robles.wordpress.com/2007/07/07/non-mentioned-leopard-features">"Non-mentioned Leopard features"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://robles.wordpress.com/2007/07/07/non-mentioned-leopard-features">the original</a> on October 11, 2007<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 1,</span> 2007</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Non-mentioned+Leopard+features&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Frobles.wordpress.com%2F2007%2F07%2F07%2Fnon-mentioned-leopard-features&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMac+OS+X+Leopard" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFApple_Inc" class="citation web cs1">Apple Inc. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070407141324/http://www.apple.com/macosx/leopard/ical.html">"Leopard Sneak Peek — iCal"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.apple.com/macosx/leopard/ical.html">the original</a> on April 7, 2007<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 23,</span> 2007</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Leopard+Sneak+Peek+%E2%80%94+iCal&rft.au=Apple+Inc&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.apple.com%2Fmacosx%2Fleopard%2Fical.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMac+OS+X+Leopard" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.macrumorslive.com/web">"WWDC 2006 Keynote — Live Coverage"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220919180736/https://www.macrumors.com/">Archived</a> from the original on September 19, 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 7,</span> 2006</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=WWDC+2006+Keynote+%E2%80%94+Live+Coverage&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.macrumorslive.com%2Fweb&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMac+OS+X+Leopard" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFApple_Inc" class="citation web cs1">Apple Inc. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20061127235645/http://www.apple.com/macosx/leopard/ichat.html">"Leopard Sneak Peek — iChat"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.apple.com/macosx/leopard/ichat.html">the original</a> on November 27, 2006<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 28,</span> 2006</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Leopard+Sneak+Peek+%E2%80%94+iChat&rft.au=Apple+Inc&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.apple.com%2Fmacosx%2Fleopard%2Fichat.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMac+OS+X+Leopard" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFApple_Inc" class="citation web cs1">Apple Inc. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20061127135115/http://www.apple.com/macosx/leopard/mail.html">"Leopard Sneak Peek — Mail"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.apple.com/macosx/leopard/mail.html">the original</a> on November 27, 2006<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 28,</span> 2006</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Leopard+Sneak+Peek+%E2%80%94+Mail&rft.au=Apple+Inc&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.apple.com%2Fmacosx%2Fleopard%2Fmail.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMac+OS+X+Leopard" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGlenn_Fleishman2007" class="citation web cs1">Glenn Fleishman (October 25, 2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://db.tidbits.com/article/9261">"Leopard Simplifies Sharing"</a>. TidBITS. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20071027090110/http://db.tidbits.com/article/9261">Archived</a> from the original on October 27, 2007<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 26,</span> 2007</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Leopard+Simplifies+Sharing&rft.pub=TidBITS&rft.date=2007-10-25&rft.au=Glenn+Fleishman&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fdb.tidbits.com%2Farticle%2F9261&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMac+OS+X+Leopard" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFApple_Inc" class="citation web cs1">Apple Inc. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.apple.com/macosx/leopard">"Mac OS X — Leopard Sneak Peek"</a>. <i>Apple</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20060813194648/http://www.apple.com/macosx/leopard">Archived</a> from the original on August 13, 2006<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 7,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Quick+Leopard+Update&rft.pub=Securosis&rft.date=2007-10-29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fsecurosis.com%2Fblog%2Fquick-leopard-update&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMac+OS+X+Leopard" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-56"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-56">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080111062141/http://www.matasano.com/log/986/what-weve-since-learned-about-leopard-security-features">"Matasano Chargen » What We've Since Learned About Leopard Security Features"</a>. January 11, 2008. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.matasano.com/log/986/what-weve-since-learned-about-leopard-security-features">the original</a> on January 11, 2008.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Matasano+Chargen+%C2%BB+What+We%27ve+Since+Learned+About+Leopard+Security+Features&rft.date=2008-01-11&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.matasano.com%2Flog%2F986%2Fwhat-weve-since-learned-about-leopard-security-features&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMac+OS+X+Leopard" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-techspecs-57"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-techspecs_57-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFApple_Inc." class="citation web cs1">Apple Inc. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080319075033/http://www.apple.com/macosx/techspecs">"Mac OS X Leopard- Technical Specs"</a>. <i>Apple</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.apple.com/macosx/techspecs">the original</a> on March 19, 2008<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 31,</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Apple&rft.atitle=Mac+OS+X+Leopard-+Technical+Specs&rft.au=Apple+Inc.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.apple.com%2Fmacosx%2Ftechspecs&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMac+OS+X+Leopard" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-58"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-58">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080403093933/http://leopardassist.sourceforge.net">"LeopardAssist - Install Leopard on Sub-867mhz Macs"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://leopardassist.sourceforge.net">the original</a> on April 3, 2008.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=LeopardAssist+-+Install+Leopard+on+Sub-867mhz+Macs&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fleopardassist.sourceforge.net&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMac+OS+X+Leopard" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-59"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-59">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.lowendmac.com/mail/0807mb/0711.html#43">"Opera Trumps Safari, Flashed Video Cards for Macs, Hacking Leopard for G3 Power Macs, and More"</a>. Lowendmac.com. January 16, 1986. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110611042239/http://www.lowendmac.com/mail/0807mb/0711.html#43">Archived</a> from the original on June 11, 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 21,</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Opera+Trumps+Safari%2C+Flashed+Video+Cards+for+Macs%2C+Hacking+Leopard+for+G3+Power+Macs%2C+and+More&rft.pub=Lowendmac.com&rft.date=1986-01-16&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.lowendmac.com%2Fmail%2F0807mb%2F0711.html%2343&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMac+OS+X+Leopard" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-60"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-60">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=su8zWpFOkAM">"Leopard running on a Beige G3"</a>. Youtube.com. August 25, 2008. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130921232542/http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=su8zWpFOkAM">Archived</a> from the original on September 21, 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 21,</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Leopard+running+on+a+Beige+G3&rft.pub=Youtube.com&rft.date=2008-08-25&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.youtube.com%2Fwatch%3Fv%3Dsu8zWpFOkAM&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMac+OS+X+Leopard" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-61"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-61">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFarn2007" class="citation web cs1">arn (October 24, 2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.macrumors.com/2007/10/24/mac-os-x-leopard-retail-box-video">"Mac OS X 10.5 Leopard Packaging"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20071026033238/http://www.macrumors.com/2007/10/24/mac-os-x-leopard-retail-box-video">Archived</a> from the original on October 26, 2007<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 25,</span> 2007</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Mac+OS+X+10.5+Leopard+Packaging&rft.date=2007-10-24&rft.au=arn&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.macrumors.com%2F2007%2F10%2F24%2Fmac-os-x-leopard-retail-box-video&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMac+OS+X+Leopard" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-62"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-62">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cnet.com/tech/computing/apple-updates-leopard-to-10-5-1/">"Apple updates Leopard to 10.5.1"</a>. <i>CNET</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">December 6,</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=CNET&rft.atitle=Apple+updates+Leopard+to+10.5.1&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cnet.com%2Ftech%2Fcomputing%2Fapple-updates-leopard-to-10-5-1%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMac+OS+X+Leopard" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-63"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-63">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cnet.com/tech/computing/mac-os-x-10-5-1-admin-rights-audio-missing-after-update-fixes/">"Mac OS X 10.5.1: Admin rights, audio missing after update, fixes"</a>. <i>CNET</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">December 6,</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=CNET&rft.atitle=Mac+OS+X+10.5.1%3A+Admin+rights%2C+audio+missing+after+update%2C+fixes&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cnet.com%2Ftech%2Fcomputing%2Fmac-os-x-10-5-1-admin-rights-audio-missing-after-update-fixes%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMac+OS+X+Leopard" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-64"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-64">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKrazit2007" class="citation web cs1">Krazit, Tom (October 28, 2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.cnet.com/8301-13579_3-9806005-37.html">"Apple acknowledges some Leopard installation problems"</a>. News.cnet.com. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110624000121/http://news.cnet.com/8301-13579_3-9806005-37.html">Archived</a> from the original on June 24, 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 21,</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Apple+acknowledges+some+Leopard+installation+problems&rft.pub=News.cnet.com&rft.date=2007-10-28&rft.aulast=Krazit&rft.aufirst=Tom&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnews.cnet.com%2F8301-13579_3-9806005-37.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMac+OS+X+Leopard" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-65"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-65">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://daringfireball.net/2007/10/blue_in_the_face">"Blue in the Face"</a>. Daring Fireball. October 29, 2007. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110614225525/http://daringfireball.net/2007/10/blue_in_the_face">Archived</a> from the original on June 14, 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 21,</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Blue+in+the+Face&rft.pub=Daring+Fireball&rft.date=2007-10-29&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fdaringfireball.net%2F2007%2F10%2Fblue_in_the_face&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMac+OS+X+Leopard" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-66"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-66">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080418153755/http://docs.info.apple.com/article.html?artnum=306857">"Mac OS X 10.5: "Blue screen" appears after installing Leopard and restarting"</a>. Docs.info.apple.com. October 30, 2008. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://docs.info.apple.com/article.html?artnum=306857">the original</a> on April 18, 2008<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 21,</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Mac+OS+X+10.5%3A+%22Blue+screen%22+appears+after+installing+Leopard+and+restarting&rft.pub=Docs.info.apple.com&rft.date=2008-10-30&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fdocs.info.apple.com%2Farticle.html%3Fartnum%3D306857&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMac+OS+X+Leopard" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-67"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-67">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://support.google.com/chrome/bin/answer.py?hl=en&answer=2599452">"Chrome no longer supports Mac OS X 10.5"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121110110112/https://support.google.com/chrome/bin/answer.py?hl=en&answer=2599452">Archived</a> from the original on November 10, 2012.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Chrome+no+longer+supports+Mac+OS+X+10.5&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fsupport.google.com%2Fchrome%2Fbin%2Fanswer.py%3Fhl%3Den%26answer%3D2599452&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMac+OS+X+Leopard" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-mwffend-68"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-mwffend_68-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.macworld.com/article/1168241/mozilla_sets_end_of_firefox_for_os_x_leopard.html">"Mozilla sets end of Firefox for OS X Leopard"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Macworld" title="Macworld">Macworld</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20151117020848/http://www.macworld.com/article/1168241/mozilla_sets_end_of_firefox_for_os_x_leopard.html">Archived</a> from the original on November 17, 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 15,</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Mozilla+sets+end+of+Firefox+for+OS+X+Leopard&rft.pub=Macworld&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.macworld.com%2Farticle%2F1168241%2Fmozilla_sets_end_of_firefox_for_os_x_leopard.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMac+OS+X+Leopard" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mac_OS_X_Leopard&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.apple.com/quicktime/qtv/wwdc06/">2006 WWDC keynote</a> at <a href="/wiki/Apple.com" class="mw-redirect" title="Apple.com">Apple.com</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.apple.com/quicktime/qtv/wwdc07/">2007 WWDC keynote</a> at <a href="/wiki/Apple.com" class="mw-redirect" title="Apple.com">Apple.com</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://arstechnica.com/reviews/os/mac-os-x-10-5.ars">Mac OS X 10.5 Leopard</a> review at <a href="/wiki/Ars_Technica" title="Ars Technica">Ars Technica</a></li></ul> <table class="wikitable succession-box noprint" style="margin:0.5em auto; font-size:small;clear:both;"> <tbody><tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Mac_OS_X_Tiger" title="Mac OS X Tiger">Mac OS X 10.4 (Tiger)</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> Mac OS X 10.5 (Leopard) </b><br />2007 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Mac_OS_X_Snow_Leopard" title="Mac OS X Snow Leopard">Mac OS X 10.6 (Snow Leopard)</a></div> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow{padding:0.25em 1em;line-height:1.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group{white-space:nowrap;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{background-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output 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style="width:1%">Versions</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Mac_OS_X" class="mw-redirect" title="Mac OS X">Mac OS X</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mac_OS_X_Server_1.0" title="Mac OS X Server 1.0">Server 1.0</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mac_OS_X_Public_Beta" title="Mac OS X Public Beta">Public Beta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mac_OS_X_10.0" title="Mac OS X 10.0">10.0 Cheetah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mac_OS_X_10.1" title="Mac OS X 10.1">10.1 Puma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mac_OS_X_Jaguar" title="Mac OS X Jaguar">10.2 Jaguar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mac_OS_X_Panther" title="Mac OS X Panther">10.3 Panther</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mac_OS_X_Tiger" title="Mac OS X Tiger">10.4 Tiger</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">10.5 Leopard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mac_OS_X_Snow_Leopard" title="Mac OS X Snow Leopard">10.6 Snow Leopard</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">OS X</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/OS_X_Lion" title="OS X Lion">10.7 Lion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/OS_X_Mountain_Lion" title="OS X Mountain Lion">10.8 Mountain Lion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/OS_X_Mavericks" title="OS X Mavericks">10.9 Mavericks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/OS_X_Yosemite" title="OS X Yosemite">10.10 Yosemite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/OS_X_El_Capitan" title="OS X El Capitan">10.11 El Capitan</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">macOS</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/MacOS_Sierra" title="MacOS Sierra">10.12 Sierra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MacOS_High_Sierra" title="MacOS High Sierra">10.13 High Sierra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MacOS_Mojave" title="MacOS Mojave">10.14 Mojave</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MacOS_Catalina" title="MacOS Catalina">10.15 Catalina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MacOS_Big_Sur" title="MacOS Big Sur">11 Big Sur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MacOS_Monterey" title="MacOS Monterey">12 Monterey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MacOS_Ventura" title="MacOS Ventura">13 Ventura</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MacOS_Sonoma" title="MacOS Sonoma">14 Sonoma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MacOS_Sequoia" title="MacOS Sequoia">15 Sequoia</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Applications</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Core Applications</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mac_App_Store" title="Mac App Store">App Store</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Automator_(macOS)" title="Automator (macOS)">Automator</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Calculator_(Apple)" title="Calculator (Apple)">Calculator</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Calendar_(Apple)" title="Calendar (Apple)">Calendar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_built-in_macOS_apps#Chess" title="List of built-in macOS apps">Chess</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Contacts_(Apple)" title="Contacts (Apple)">Contacts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Control_Center_(Apple)" title="Control Center (Apple)">Control Center</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dictionary_(software)" title="Dictionary (software)">Dictionary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/DVD_Player_(macOS)" class="mw-redirect" title="DVD Player (macOS)">DVD Player</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/FaceTime" title="FaceTime">FaceTime</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Finder_(software)" title="Finder (software)">Finder</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Game_Center" title="Game Center">Game Center</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grapher" title="Grapher">Grapher</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HomeKit" title="HomeKit">Home</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Launchpad_(macOS)" class="mw-redirect" title="Launchpad (macOS)">Launchpad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apple_Mail" title="Apple Mail">Mail</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Messages_(Apple)" title="Messages (Apple)">Messages</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apple_News" title="Apple News">News</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_(software)" class="mw-redirect" title="Music (software)">Music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Notes_(Apple)" title="Notes (Apple)">Notes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Notification_Center" title="Notification Center">Notification Center</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apple_Podcasts" title="Apple Podcasts">Podcasts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Photo_Booth" title="Photo Booth">Photo Booth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Photos_(Apple)" title="Photos (Apple)">Photos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Preview_(macOS)" title="Preview (macOS)">Preview</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/QuickTime" title="QuickTime">Quicktime Player</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reminders_(Apple)" title="Reminders (Apple)">Reminders</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Safari_(web_browser)" title="Safari (web browser)">Safari</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Safari_version_history" class="mw-redirect" title="Safari version history">version history</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shortcuts_(app)" class="mw-redirect" title="Shortcuts (app)">Shortcuts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siri" title="Siri">Siri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stickies_(Apple)" title="Stickies (Apple)">Stickies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TextEdit" title="TextEdit">TextEdit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Time_Machine_(macOS)" title="Time Machine (macOS)">Time Machine</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Apple_Developer_Tools" title="Apple Developer Tools">Developer Tools</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Xcode" title="Xcode">Xcode</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Instruments_(software)" title="Instruments (software)">Instruments</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apple_Developer_Tools#FileMerge" title="Apple Developer Tools">FileMerge</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Former tools</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Interface_Builder" title="Interface Builder">Interface Builder</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dashcode" title="Dashcode">Dashcode</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quartz_Composer" title="Quartz Composer">Quartz Composer</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Former Applications</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dashboard_(macOS)" title="Dashboard (macOS)">Dashboard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Front_Row_(software)" title="Front Row (software)">Front Row</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IChat" title="IChat">iChat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IPhoto" title="IPhoto">iPhoto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ISync" title="ISync">iSync</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ITunes" title="ITunes">iTunes</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_iTunes" title="History of iTunes">history</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sherlock_(software)" title="Sherlock (software)">Sherlock</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Utilities</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Activity_Monitor_(macOS)" class="mw-redirect" title="Activity Monitor (macOS)">Activity Monitor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AirPort_Utility" class="mw-redirect" title="AirPort Utility">AirPort Utility</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Archive_Utility" class="mw-redirect" title="Archive Utility">Archive Utility</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Audio_MIDI_Setup" class="mw-redirect" title="Audio MIDI Setup">Audio MIDI Setup</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bluetooth_File_Exchange" class="mw-redirect" title="Bluetooth File Exchange">Bluetooth File Exchange</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boot_Camp_(software)" title="Boot Camp (software)">Boot Camp</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ColorSync" title="ColorSync">ColorSync</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apple_Configurator" title="Apple Configurator">Configurator</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_built-in_macOS_apps#Console" title="List of built-in macOS apps">Console</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_built-in_macOS_apps#Crash_Reporter" title="List of built-in macOS apps">Crash Reporter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Digital_Color_Meter" class="mw-redirect" title="Digital Color Meter">Digital Color Meter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Directory_Utility" class="mw-redirect" title="Directory Utility">Directory Utility</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/DiskImageMounter" class="mw-redirect" title="DiskImageMounter">DiskImageMounter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Disk_Utility" title="Disk Utility">Disk Utility</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Font_Book" title="Font Book">Font Book</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apple_Help_Viewer" class="mw-redirect" title="Apple Help Viewer">Help Viewer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Image_Capture" class="mw-redirect" title="Image Capture">Image Capture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Installer_(macOS)" class="mw-redirect" title="Installer (macOS)">Installer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Keychain_(software)" title="Keychain (software)">Keychain Access</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Migration_Assistant_(Apple)" class="mw-redirect" title="Migration Assistant (Apple)">Migration Assistant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Script_Editor" class="mw-redirect" title="Script Editor">Script Editor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/System_Settings" title="System Settings">System Settings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/System_Information_(Mac)" class="mw-redirect" title="System Information (Mac)">System Information</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Terminal_(macOS)" title="Terminal (macOS)">Terminal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Universal_Access" class="mw-redirect" title="Universal Access">Universal Access</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/VoiceOver" title="VoiceOver">VoiceOver</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Discontinued</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Grab_(macOS)" class="mw-redirect" title="Grab (macOS)">Grab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Network_Utility" class="mw-redirect" title="Network Utility">Network Utility</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ODBC_Administrator" class="mw-redirect" title="ODBC Administrator">ODBC Administrator</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Remote_Install_Mac_OS_X" class="mw-redirect" title="Remote Install Mac OS X">Remote Install Mac OS X</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apple_Software_Update" class="mw-redirect" title="Apple Software Update">Software Update</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Technologies &<br /><a href="/wiki/User_Interface" class="mw-redirect" title="User Interface">User Interface</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/AirDrop" title="AirDrop">AirDrop</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AppKit" title="AppKit">AppKit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apple_File_System" title="Apple File System">Apple File System</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apple_menu" title="Apple menu">Apple menu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apple_Push_Notification_service" title="Apple Push Notification service">Apple Push Notification service</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AppleScript" title="AppleScript">AppleScript</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aqua_(user_interface)" title="Aqua (user interface)">Aqua</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Audio_Units" title="Audio Units">Audio Units</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AVFoundation" title="AVFoundation">AVFoundation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bonjour_(software)" title="Bonjour (software)">Bonjour</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bundle_(macOS)" title="Bundle (macOS)">Bundle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CloudKit" title="CloudKit">CloudKit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cocoa_(API)" title="Cocoa (API)">Cocoa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ColorSync" title="ColorSync">ColorSync</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Command_key" title="Command key">Command key</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Core_Animation" title="Core Animation">Core Animation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Core_Audio" title="Core Audio">Core Audio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Core_Data" title="Core Data">Core Data</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Core_Foundation" title="Core Foundation">Core Foundation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Core_Image" title="Core Image">Core Image</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Core_OpenGL" title="Core OpenGL">Core OpenGL</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Core_Text" title="Core Text">Core Text</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Core_Video" title="Core Video">Core Video</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Common_Unix_Printing_System" class="mw-redirect" title="Common Unix Printing System">CUPS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cover_Flow" title="Cover Flow">Cover Flow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Darwin_(operating_system)" title="Darwin (operating system)">Darwin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dock_(macOS)" title="Dock (macOS)">Dock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/FileVault" title="FileVault">FileVault</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_typefaces_included_with_macOS" title="List of typefaces included with macOS">Fonts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foundation_Kit" title="Foundation Kit">Foundation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gatekeeper_(macOS)" title="Gatekeeper (macOS)">Gatekeeper</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grand_Central_Dispatch" title="Grand Central Dispatch">Grand Central Dispatch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apple_Icon_Image_format" title="Apple Icon Image format">icns</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ICloud" title="ICloud">iCloud</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kernel_panic#macOS" title="Kernel panic">Kernel panic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Keychain_(software)" title="Keychain (software)">Keychain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Launchd" title="Launchd">launchd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mach-O" title="Mach-O">Mach-O</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Menu_extra" title="Menu extra">Menu extra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Metal_(API)" title="Metal (API)">Metal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mission_Control_(macOS)" title="Mission Control (macOS)">Mission Control</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Night_Shift_(software)" title="Night Shift (software)">Night Shift</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/OpenCL" title="OpenCL">OpenCL</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Option_key" title="Option key">Option key</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Preference_Pane" class="mw-redirect" title="Preference Pane">Preference Pane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Property_list" title="Property list">Property list</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quartz_(graphics_layer)" title="Quartz (graphics layer)">Quartz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quick_Look" title="Quick Look">Quick Look</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rosetta_(software)" title="Rosetta (software)">Rosetta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Virtual_folder#macOS" title="Virtual folder">Smart Folders</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Speakable_items" title="Speakable items">Speakable items</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spotlight_(Apple)" title="Spotlight (Apple)">Spotlight</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stacks_(Mac_OS)" title="Stacks (Mac OS)">Stacks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/System_Integrity_Protection" title="System Integrity Protection">System Integrity Protection</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uniform_Type_Identifier" title="Uniform Type Identifier">Uniform Type Identifier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Universal_binary" title="Universal binary">Universal binary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WebKit" title="WebKit">WebKit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/XNU" title="XNU">XNU</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/XQuartz" title="XQuartz">XQuartz</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Deprecated</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/HFS%2B" class="mw-redirect" title="HFS+">HFS+</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Discontinued</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Apple_Type_Services_for_Unicode_Imaging" title="Apple Type Services for Unicode Imaging">ATSUI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BootX_(Apple)" title="BootX (Apple)">BootX</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brushed_metal_(interface)" class="mw-redirect" title="Brushed metal (interface)">Brushed metal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carbon_(API)" title="Carbon (API)">Carbon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Classic_Environment" class="mw-redirect" title="Classic Environment">Classic Environment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Inkwell_(Macintosh)" title="Inkwell (Macintosh)">Inkwell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/QuickTime" title="QuickTime">QuickTime</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spaces_(software)" title="Spaces (software)">Spaces</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xgrid" title="Xgrid">Xgrid</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><i>Italics</i> denote upcoming products.</li> <li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Category:MacOS" title="Category:MacOS">Category</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Operating_systems_by_Apple" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Apple_operating_systems" title="Template:Apple operating systems"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Apple_operating_systems" title="Template talk:Apple operating systems"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Apple_operating_systems" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Apple operating systems"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Operating_systems_by_Apple" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Operating systems by <a href="/wiki/Apple_Inc." title="Apple Inc.">Apple</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Apple_II" title="Apple II">Apple II</a>, <a href="/wiki/Apple_III" title="Apple III">III</a>, <a href="/wiki/Apple_Lisa" title="Apple Lisa">Lisa</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Apple_II" title="Apple II">Apple II</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Apple_DOS" title="Apple DOS">Apple DOS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apple_ProDOS" title="Apple ProDOS">ProDOS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apple_GS/OS" title="Apple GS/OS">GS/OS</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apple_III" title="Apple III">Apple III</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Apple_SOS" title="Apple SOS">SOS</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apple_Lisa" title="Apple Lisa">Lisa</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Apple_Lisa#Software" title="Apple Lisa">Lisa OS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MacWorks_XL" title="MacWorks XL">MacWorks</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Mac_operating_systems" title="Mac operating systems">Mac</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Classic_Mac_OS" title="Classic Mac OS">Classic Mac OS</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/System_1" title="System 1">System 1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Classic_Mac_OS#System_1,_2,_3,_and_4" title="Classic Mac OS">Systems 2, 3, and 4</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Classic_Mac_OS#System_Software_5" title="Classic Mac OS">System 5</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/System_6" title="System 6">System 6</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/System_7" title="System 7">System 7</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mac_OS_8" title="Mac OS 8">Mac OS 8</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mac_OS_9" title="Mac OS 9">Mac OS 9</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/MacOS" title="MacOS">macOS</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/MacOS_version_history" title="MacOS version history">History</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/NeXTSTEP" title="NeXTSTEP">NeXTSTEP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/OpenStep" title="OpenStep">OpenStep</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rhapsody_(operating_system)" title="Rhapsody (operating system)">Rhapsody</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mac_OS_X_Public_Beta" title="Mac OS X Public Beta">Public Beta</a></li></ul></li> <li>Core <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Darwin_(operating_system)" title="Darwin (operating system)">Darwin</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/XNU" title="XNU">XNU</a></li></ul></li></ul></li> <li>Desktop <ul><li>Mac OS X <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mac_OS_X_Public_Beta" title="Mac OS X Public Beta">Public Beta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mac_OS_X_10.0" title="Mac OS X 10.0">10.0 (Cheetah)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mac_OS_X_10.1" title="Mac OS X 10.1">10.1 (Puma)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mac_OS_X_Jaguar" title="Mac OS X Jaguar">10.2 Jaguar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mac_OS_X_Panther" title="Mac OS X Panther">10.3 Panther</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mac_OS_X_Tiger" title="Mac OS X Tiger">10.4 Tiger</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">10.5 Leopard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mac_OS_X_Snow_Leopard" title="Mac OS X Snow Leopard">10.6 Snow Leopard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mac_OS_X_Lion" class="mw-redirect" title="Mac OS X Lion">10.7 Lion</a></li></ul></li> <li>OS X <ul><li><a href="/wiki/OS_X_Mountain_Lion" title="OS X Mountain Lion">10.8 Mountain Lion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/OS_X_Mavericks" title="OS X Mavericks">10.9 Mavericks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/OS_X_Yosemite" title="OS X Yosemite">10.10 Yosemite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/OS_X_El_Capitan" title="OS X El Capitan">10.11 El Capitan</a></li></ul></li> <li>macOS <ul><li><a href="/wiki/MacOS_Sierra" title="MacOS Sierra">10.12 Sierra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MacOS_High_Sierra" title="MacOS High Sierra">10.13 High Sierra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MacOS_Mojave" title="MacOS Mojave">10.14 Mojave</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MacOS_Catalina" title="MacOS Catalina">10.15 Catalina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MacOS_Big_Sur" title="MacOS Big Sur">11 Big Sur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MacOS_Monterey" title="MacOS Monterey">12 Monterey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MacOS_Ventura" title="MacOS Ventura">13 Ventura</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MacOS_Sonoma" title="MacOS Sonoma">14 Sonoma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MacOS_Sequoia" title="MacOS Sequoia">15 Sequoia</a></li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MacOS_Server" class="mw-redirect" title="MacOS Server">Server</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mac_OS_X_Server_1.0" title="Mac OS X Server 1.0">Mac OS X Server 1.0</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other projects</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Shipped <ul><li><a href="/wiki/A/ROSE" title="A/ROSE">A/ROSE</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/A/UX" title="A/UX">A/UX</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AIX_for_Apple_Network_Servers" class="mw-redirect" title="AIX for Apple Network Servers">AIX for Apple Network Servers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Macintosh_Application_Environment" title="Macintosh Application Environment">MAE</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MkLinux" title="MkLinux">MkLinux</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PowerOpen_Environment" title="PowerOpen Environment">PowerOpen Environment</a></li></ul></li> <li>Cancelled <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Star_Trek_project" title="Star Trek project">Star Trek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taligent" title="Taligent">Taligent</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Copland_(operating_system)" title="Copland (operating system)">Copland</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Nukernel" title="Nukernel">Nukernel</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vanguard_(microkernel)" title="Vanguard (microkernel)">Vanguard</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/IOS" title="IOS">iOS</a> derivatives</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/IOS" title="IOS">iOS</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>iPhone OS <ul><li><a href="/wiki/IPhone_OS_1" title="IPhone OS 1">1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IPhone_OS_2" title="IPhone OS 2">2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IPhone_OS_3" title="IPhone OS 3">3</a></li></ul></li> <li>iOS <ul><li><a href="/wiki/IOS_4" title="IOS 4">4</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IOS_5" title="IOS 5">5</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IOS_6" title="IOS 6">6</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IOS_7" title="IOS 7">7</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IOS_8" title="IOS 8">8</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IOS_9" title="IOS 9">9</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IOS_10" title="IOS 10">10</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IOS_11" title="IOS 11">11</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IOS_12" title="IOS 12">12</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IOS_13" title="IOS 13">13</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IOS_14" title="IOS 14">14</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IOS_15" title="IOS 15">15</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IOS_16" title="IOS 16">16</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IOS_17" title="IOS 17">17</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IOS_18" title="IOS 18">18</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/IPadOS" title="IPadOS">iPadOS</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/IPadOS_13" title="IPadOS 13">13</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IPadOS_14" title="IPadOS 14">14</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IPadOS_15" title="IPadOS 15">15</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IPadOS_16" title="IPadOS 16">16</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IPadOS_17" title="IPadOS 17">17</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IPadOS_18" title="IPadOS 18">18</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Others</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/TvOS" title="TvOS">tvOS</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Apple_TV#Software" title="Apple TV">Apple TV Software</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/VisionOS" title="VisionOS">visionOS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WatchOS" title="WatchOS">watchOS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AudioOS" class="mw-redirect" title="AudioOS">audioOS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BridgeOS" title="BridgeOS">bridgeOS</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Others</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Newton_OS" title="Newton OS">Newton OS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_iTunes#Devices" title="History of iTunes">iPod software</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="List-Class article"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/d/db/Symbol_list_class.svg/16px-Symbol_list_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/d/db/Symbol_list_class.svg/23px-Symbol_list_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/d/db/Symbol_list_class.svg/31px-Symbol_list_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/List_of_Apple_operating_systems" title="List of Apple operating systems">List</a> • <span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Category:Apple_Inc._operating_systems" title="Category:Apple Inc. operating systems">Category</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Apple_Inc." style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Apple_Inc." title="Template:Apple Inc."><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Apple_Inc." title="Template talk:Apple Inc."><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Apple_Inc." title="Special:EditPage/Template:Apple Inc."><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Apple_Inc." style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Apple_Inc." title="Apple Inc.">Apple Inc.</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Apple_Inc." title="History of Apple Inc.">History</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Outline_of_Apple_Inc." title="Outline of Apple Inc.">Outline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_Apple_Inc._products" class="mw-redirect" title="Timeline of Apple Inc. products">Timeline of products</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Environmental_practices_of_Apple" class="mw-redirect" title="Environmental practices of Apple">Environment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marketing_of_Apple_Inc." title="Marketing of Apple Inc.">Marketing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apple_supply_chain" title="Apple supply chain">Supply chain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apple_and_unions" class="mw-redirect" title="Apple and unions">Trade unions</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Category:Apple_Inc._products" title="Category:Apple Inc. products">Products</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Category:Apple_Inc._hardware" title="Category:Apple Inc. hardware">Hardware</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Mac_(computer)" title="Mac (computer)">Mac</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/IMac" title="IMac">iMac</a> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/IMac_Pro" title="IMac Pro">Pro</a></i></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MacBook" title="MacBook">MacBook</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/MacBook_Air" title="MacBook Air">Air</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MacBook_Pro" title="MacBook Pro">Pro</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mac_Mini" title="Mac Mini">Mini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mac_Studio" title="Mac Studio">Studio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mac_Pro" title="Mac Pro">Pro</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/IPod" title="IPod">iPod</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/IPod_Classic" title="IPod Classic">Classic</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/IPod_Mini" title="IPod Mini">Mini</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/IPod_Nano" title="IPod Nano">Nano</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/IPod_Shuffle" title="IPod Shuffle">Shuffle</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/IPod_Touch" title="IPod Touch">Touch</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/IPhone" title="IPhone">iPhone</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/IPhone_hardware" title="IPhone hardware">Hardware</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_iPhone" title="History of the iPhone">History</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_iPhone_models" title="List of iPhone models">iPhone models</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/IPad" title="IPad">iPad</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/IPad_Mini" title="IPad Mini">Mini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IPad_Air" class="mw-redirect" title="IPad Air">Air</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IPad_Pro" title="IPad Pro">Pro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_iPad_accessories" title="List of iPad accessories">Accessories</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/AirPods" title="AirPods">AirPods</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/AirPods_Pro" title="AirPods Pro">Pro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AirPods_Max" title="AirPods Max">Max</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Apple_SIM" title="Apple SIM">Apple SIM</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AirTag" title="AirTag">AirTag</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beats_Electronics" title="Beats Electronics">Beats</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Beats_Pill" title="Beats Pill">Pill</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HomePod" title="HomePod">HomePod</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/HomePod_Mini" title="HomePod Mini">Mini</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apple_silicon" title="Apple silicon">Silicon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apple_TV" title="Apple TV">TV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apple_Vision_Pro" title="Apple Vision Pro">Vision Pro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apple_Watch" title="Apple Watch">Watch</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Category:Apple_Inc._software" title="Category:Apple Inc. software">Software</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Operatingsystems" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Apple_operating_systems" title="List of Apple operating systems">Operating<br />systems</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/IOS" title="IOS">iOS</a> / <a href="/wiki/IPadOS" title="IPadOS">iPadOS</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_iPhone_models" title="List of iPhone models">iPhones</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_iPad_models" title="List of iPad models">iPads</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IOS_version_history" title="IOS version history">iOS history</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IPadOS_version_history" title="IPadOS version history">iPadOS history</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pre-installed_iOS_apps" class="mw-redirect" title="Pre-installed iOS apps">Apps</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MacOS" title="MacOS">macOS</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/MacOS_version_history" title="MacOS version history">History</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MacOS_Server" class="mw-redirect" title="MacOS Server">Server</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TvOS" title="TvOS">tvOS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WatchOS" title="WatchOS">watchOS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BridgeOS" title="BridgeOS">bridgeOS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Darwin_(operating_system)" title="Darwin (operating system)">Darwin</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Classic_Mac_OS" title="Classic Mac OS">Classic Mac OS</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/VisionOS" title="VisionOS">visionOS</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/CarPlay" title="CarPlay">CarPlay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Classroom_(Apple)" title="Classroom (Apple)">Classroom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HomeKit" title="HomeKit">HomeKit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Core_Foundation" title="Core Foundation">Core Foundation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apple_Developer_Tools" title="Apple Developer Tools">Developer Tools</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/FileMaker" title="FileMaker">FileMaker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Final_Cut_Pro" title="Final Cut Pro">Final Cut Pro</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Final_Cut_Pro_X" class="mw-redirect" title="Final Cut Pro X">X</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Compressor_(software)" title="Compressor (software)">Compressor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Motion_(software)" title="Motion (software)">Motion</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Logic_Pro" title="Logic Pro">Logic Pro</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/MainStage_(software)" title="MainStage (software)">MainStage</a></li></ul></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/ILife" title="ILife">iLife</a></i> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/GarageBand" title="GarageBand">GarageBand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IMovie" title="IMovie">iMovie</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/IPhoto" title="IPhoto">iPhoto</a></i></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ITunes" title="ITunes">iTunes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IWork" title="IWork">iWork</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Keynote_(presentation_software)" title="Keynote (presentation software)">Keynote</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Numbers_(spreadsheet)" title="Numbers (spreadsheet)">Numbers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pages_(word_processor)" title="Pages (word processor)">Pages</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apple_Mail" title="Apple Mail">Mail</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/QuickTime" title="QuickTime">QuickTime</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Safari_(web_browser)" title="Safari (web browser)">Safari</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SceneKit" title="SceneKit">SceneKit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shazam_(music_app)" title="Shazam (music app)">Shazam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siri" title="Siri">Siri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swift_(programming_language)" title="Swift (programming language)">Swift</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xcode" title="Xcode">Xcode</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Category:Apple_Inc._services" title="Category:Apple Inc. services">Services</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Financial</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Apple_Card" title="Apple Card">Card</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apple_Pay" title="Apple Pay">Pay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apple_Wallet" title="Apple Wallet">Wallet</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Media</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Apple_Arcade" title="Apple Arcade">Arcade</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apple_Books" title="Apple Books">Books</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apple_Music" title="Apple Music">Music</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Apple_Music_1" title="Apple Music 1">1</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Beats_Music" title="Beats Music">Beats Music</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apple_Music_Up_Next" title="Apple Music Up Next">Up Next</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Apple_Music_Festival" title="Apple Music Festival">Festival</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/ITunes_Radio" title="ITunes Radio">iTunes Radio</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_(app)" title="Music (app)">App</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apple_News" title="Apple News">News</a> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Newsstand_(software)" title="Newsstand (software)">Newsstand</a></i></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apple_Podcasts" title="Apple Podcasts">Podcasts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apple_TV_app" title="Apple TV app">TV</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Apple_TV%2B" title="Apple TV+">+</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Apple_TV%2B_original_programming" title="List of Apple TV+ original programming">originals</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MLS_Season_Pass" title="MLS Season Pass">MLS Season Pass</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Communication</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/FaceTime" title="FaceTime">FaceTime</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Walkie-Talkie_(Apple)" class="mw-redirect" title="Walkie-Talkie (Apple)">Walkie-Talkie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IMessage" title="IMessage">iMessage</a> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/IChat" title="IChat">iChat</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Messages_(Apple)" title="Messages (Apple)">App</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Game_Center" title="Game Center">Game Center</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Retail and<br />digital sales</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/App_Store_(Apple)" title="App Store (Apple)">App Store</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mac_App_Store" title="Mac App Store">macOS</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ITunes_Store" title="ITunes Store">iTunes Store</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/ITunes_Connect" title="ITunes Connect">Connect</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apple_Store" title="Apple Store">Store</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Apple_Fifth_Avenue" title="Apple Fifth Avenue">Fifth Avenue</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Support</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/AppleCare%2B" title="AppleCare+">AppleCare+</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apple_Authorized_Service_Provider" title="Apple Authorized Service Provider">AASP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apple_certification_programs" title="Apple certification programs">Certifications</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Genius_Bar" title="Genius Bar">Genius Bar</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/ProCare" title="ProCare">ProCare</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/One_to_One_(Apple)" title="One to One (Apple)">One to One</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Apple_Account" title="Apple Account">Apple Account</a> (formerly <i>Apple ID</i>) <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sign_in_with_Apple" title="Sign in with Apple">Sign in with Apple</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apple_One" title="Apple One">One</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apple_Developer" title="Apple Developer">Developer</a> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/IAd" title="IAd">iAd</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TestFlight" title="TestFlight">TestFlight</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Worldwide_Developers_Conference" title="Worldwide Developers Conference">WWDC</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ICloud" title="ICloud">iCloud</a> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/MobileMe" title="MobileMe">MobileMe</a></i></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Find_My" title="Find My">Find My</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fitness_(Apple)" title="Fitness (Apple)">Fitness</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Photos_(Apple)" title="Photos (Apple)">Photos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apple_Maps" title="Apple Maps">Maps</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Flyover_(Apple_Maps)" title="Flyover (Apple Maps)">Flyover</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Look_Around_(Apple)" title="Look Around (Apple)">Look Around</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Companies</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Category:Apple_Inc._subsidiaries" title="Category:Apple Inc. subsidiaries">Subsidiaries</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anobit" title="Anobit">Anobit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apple_IMC" title="Apple IMC">Apple IMC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apple_Studios" title="Apple Studios">Apple Studios</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beats_Electronics" title="Beats Electronics">Beats</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beddit" title="Beddit">Beddit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Braeburn_Capital" title="Braeburn Capital">Braeburn Capital</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Claris" title="Claris">Claris</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Category:Apple_Inc._acquisitions" title="Category:Apple Inc. acquisitions">Acquisitions</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_mergers_and_acquisitions_by_Apple" title="List of mergers and acquisitions by Apple">Completed</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anobit" title="Anobit">Anobit</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/AuthenTec" title="AuthenTec">AuthenTec</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beats_Electronics" title="Beats Electronics">Beats</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beddit" title="Beddit">Beddit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BIS_Records" title="BIS Records">BIS Records</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Cue_(search_engine)" title="Cue (search engine)">Cue</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/EditGrid" title="EditGrid">EditGrid</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Emagic" title="Emagic">Emagic</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/FingerWorks" title="FingerWorks">FingerWorks</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Intrinsity" title="Intrinsity">Intrinsity</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/InVisage_Technologies" title="InVisage Technologies">InVisage Technologies</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Keyboard_Company" title="The Keyboard Company">The Keyboard Company</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Lala_(website)" title="Lala (website)">Lala</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Metaio" title="Metaio">Metaio</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/NeXT" title="NeXT">NeXT</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Nothing_Real" title="Nothing Real">Nothing Real</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/P.A._Semi" title="P.A. Semi">P.A. Semi</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Power_Computing_Corporation" title="Power Computing Corporation">Power Computing</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/PrimeSense" title="PrimeSense">PrimeSense</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shazam_(music_app)" title="Shazam (music app)">Shazam Entertainment Limited</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siri" title="Siri">Siri</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Texture_(app)" title="Texture (app)">Texture</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Topsy_Labs" title="Topsy Labs">Topsy</a></i></li></ul></li> <li>Potential <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Potential_acquisition_of_Disney_by_Apple" title="Potential acquisition of Disney by Apple">Disney</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Category:Apple_Inc._partnerships" title="Category:Apple Inc. partnerships">Partnerships</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/AIM_alliance" title="AIM alliance">AIM alliance</a></i> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Kaleida_Labs" title="Kaleida Labs">Kaleida Labs</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Taligent" title="Taligent">Taligent</a></i></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Akamai_Technologies" title="Akamai Technologies">Akamai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arm_Holdings" title="Arm Holdings">Arm</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/DiDi" title="DiDi">DiDi</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Digital_Ocean" title="Digital Ocean">Digital Ocean</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IFund" title="IFund">iFund</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Imagination_Technologies" title="Imagination Technologies">Imagination</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rockstar_Consortium" title="Rockstar Consortium">Rockstar Consortium</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Apple_Inc._advertising" title="Apple Inc. advertising">Advertising</a> <ul><li>"<a href="/wiki/1984_(advertisement)" title="1984 (advertisement)">1984</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Think_different" title="Think different">Think different</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Get_a_Mac" title="Get a Mac">Get a Mac</a>"</li> <li><a href="/wiki/IPod_advertising" title="IPod advertising">iPod</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Product_Red" title="Product Red">Product Red</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apple_ecosystem" title="Apple ecosystem">Ecosystem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Apple_Inc._media_events" title="List of Apple Inc. media events">Events</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Criticism_of_Apple_Inc." title="Criticism of Apple Inc.">Criticism</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Right_to_repair" title="Right to repair">Right to repair</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apple%27s_EU_tax_dispute" title="Apple's EU tax dispute">Tax</a></li></ul></li> <li>Headquarters <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Apple_Campus" class="mw-redirect" title="Apple Campus">Campus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apple_Park" title="Apple Park">Park</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apple_University" title="Apple University">University</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apple_Inc._design_motifs" title="Apple Inc. design motifs">Design</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Apple_Industrial_Design_Group" title="Apple Industrial Design Group">IDg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Typography_of_Apple_Inc." title="Typography of Apple Inc.">Typography</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Designed_by_Apple_in_California" title="Designed by Apple in California">Book</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Apple_Inc." title="History of Apple Inc.">History</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Apple_codenames" title="List of Apple codenames">Codenames</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apple_FileWare" title="Apple FileWare">Apple FileWare</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apple_community" title="Apple community">Community</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/AppleMasters" title="AppleMasters">AppleMasters</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Litigation_involving_Apple_Inc." title="Litigation involving Apple Inc.">Litigation</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/United_States_v._Apple_(2024)" title="United States v. Apple (2024)">Antitrust</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/High-Tech_Employee_Antitrust_Litigation" title="High-Tech Employee Antitrust Litigation">Non-recruiting agreements</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_v._Apple_(2012)" title="United States v. Apple (2012)">Price-fixing ebooks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/FBI%E2%80%93Apple_encryption_dispute" class="mw-redirect" title="FBI–Apple encryption dispute">FBI encryption dispute</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Epic_Games_v._Apple" title="Epic Games v. Apple">Epic Games</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IOS_app_approvals" title="IOS app approvals">iOS app approvals</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apple_and_unions" class="mw-redirect" title="Apple and unions">Unions</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/AppleToo" title="AppleToo">#AppleToo</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_depictions_of_Steve_Jobs" title="List of depictions of Steve Jobs">Depictions of Steve Jobs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Linux_on_Apple_devices" title="Linux on Apple devices">Linux</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Asahi_Linux" title="Asahi Linux">Asahi Linux</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IPodLinux" title="IPodLinux">iPodLinux</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apple_car_project" title="Apple car project">Car project</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Category:Apple_Inc._executives" title="Category:Apple Inc. executives">Executives</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Current</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tim_Cook" title="Tim Cook">Tim Cook</a> (CEO)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jeff_Williams_(Apple)" title="Jeff Williams (Apple)">Jeff Williams</a> (COO)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luca_Maestri" title="Luca Maestri">Luca Maestri</a> (CFO)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Katherine_L._Adams" class="mw-redirect" title="Katherine L. Adams">Katherine Adams</a> (General Counsel)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eddy_Cue" title="Eddy Cue">Eddy Cue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Craig_Federighi" title="Craig Federighi">Craig Federighi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Isabel_Ge_Mahe" title="Isabel Ge Mahe">Isabel Ge Mahe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Giannandrea" title="John Giannandrea">John Giannandrea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lisa_P._Jackson" title="Lisa P. Jackson">Lisa Jackson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greg_Joswiak" title="Greg Joswiak">Greg Joswiak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sabih_Khan" title="Sabih Khan">Sabih Khan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deirdre_O%27Brien" title="Deirdre O'Brien">Deirdre O'Brien</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dan_Riccio" title="Dan Riccio">Dan Riccio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phil_Schiller" title="Phil Schiller">Phil Schiller</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Johny_Srouji" title="Johny Srouji">Johny Srouji</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Ternus" title="John Ternus">John Ternus</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Former</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Scott_(Apple)" title="Michael Scott (Apple)">Michael Scott</a> (CEO)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mike_Markkula" title="Mike Markkula">Mike Markkula</a> (CEO)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Sculley" title="John Sculley">John Sculley</a> (CEO)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Spindler" title="Michael Spindler">Michael Spindler</a> (CEO)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gil_Amelio" title="Gil Amelio">Gil Amelio</a> (CEO)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Steve_Jobs" title="Steve Jobs">Steve Jobs</a> (CEO)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jony_Ive" title="Jony Ive">Jony Ive</a> (CDO)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Angela_Ahrendts" title="Angela Ahrendts">Angela Ahrendts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fred_D._Anderson" title="Fred D. Anderson">Fred D. Anderson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Browett" title="John Browett">John Browett</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guerrino_De_Luca" title="Guerrino De Luca">Guerrino De Luca</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Deneve" title="Paul Deneve">Paul Deneve</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Al_Eisenstat" title="Al Eisenstat">Al Eisenstat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tony_Fadell" title="Tony Fadell">Tony Fadell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scott_Forstall" title="Scott Forstall">Scott Forstall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ellen_Hancock" title="Ellen Hancock">Ellen Hancock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nancy_R._Heinen" title="Nancy R. Heinen">Nancy R. Heinen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ron_Johnson_(businessman)" title="Ron Johnson (businessman)">Ron Johnson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Nagel" title="David Nagel">David Nagel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_Oppenheimer" title="Peter Oppenheimer">Peter Oppenheimer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mark_Papermaster" title="Mark Papermaster">Mark Papermaster</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jon_Rubinstein" title="Jon Rubinstein">Jon Rubinstein</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bertrand_Serlet" title="Bertrand Serlet">Bertrand Serlet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bruce_Sewell" title="Bruce Sewell">Bruce Sewell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sina_Tamaddon" title="Sina Tamaddon">Sina Tamaddon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Avie_Tevanian" title="Avie Tevanian">Avie Tevanian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Steve_Wozniak" title="Steve Wozniak">Steve Wozniak</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Category:Directors_of_Apple_Inc." title="Category:Directors of Apple Inc.">Board of<br />directors</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Current</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arthur_D._Levinson" title="Arthur D. Levinson">Arthur D. Levinson</a> (Chairman)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tim_Cook" title="Tim Cook">Tim Cook</a> (CEO)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_A._Bell" title="James A. Bell">James A. Bell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alex_Gorsky" title="Alex Gorsky">Alex Gorsky</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andrea_Jung" title="Andrea Jung">Andrea Jung</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ronald_Sugar" title="Ronald Sugar">Ronald D. Sugar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Susan_Wagner" title="Susan Wagner">Susan L. Wagner</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Former</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mike_Markkula" title="Mike Markkula">Mike Markkula</a> (Chairman)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Sculley" title="John Sculley">John Sculley</a> (Chairman)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Steve_Jobs" title="Steve Jobs">Steve Jobs</a> (Chairman)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gil_Amelio" title="Gil Amelio">Gil Amelio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fred_D._Anderson" title="Fred D. Anderson">Fred D. Anderson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bill_Campbell_(business_executive)" title="Bill Campbell (business executive)">Bill Campbell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mickey_Drexler" title="Mickey Drexler">Mickey Drexler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Al_Eisenstat" title="Al Eisenstat">Al Eisenstat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Larry_Ellison" title="Larry Ellison">Larry Ellison</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Al_Gore" title="Al Gore">Al Gore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bob_Iger" title="Bob Iger">Robert A. Iger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Delano_Lewis" title="Delano Lewis">Delano Lewis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arthur_Rock" title="Arthur Rock">Arthur Rock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eric_Schmidt" title="Eric Schmidt">Eric Schmidt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Scott_(Apple)" title="Michael Scott (Apple)">Michael Scott</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Spindler" title="Michael Spindler">Michael Spindler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edgar_S._Woolard_Jr." title="Edgar S. Woolard Jr.">Edgar S. Woolard Jr.</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jerry_York_(businessman)" title="Jerry York (businessman)">Jerry York</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Founders</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Steve_Jobs" title="Steve Jobs">Steve Jobs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Steve_Wozniak" title="Steve Wozniak">Steve Wozniak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ronald_Wayne" title="Ronald Wayne">Ronald Wayne</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><i>Italics</i> indicate discontinued products, services, or defunct companies.</li> <li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Category:Apple_Inc." title="Category:Apple Inc.">Category</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1038841319">.mw-parser-output .tooltip-dotted{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-label="Navbox" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a>: National <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q222996#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/7595847-8">Germany</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Mac OS X Leopard (operační systém)"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=ph581758&CON_LNG=ENG">Czech Republic</a></span></span></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; 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