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data-dom-id="ProfileCheckPaperUpdate-react-component-5ecf70c8-a1ce-4ce1-a8da-bba65611cec7"></div> <div id="ProfileCheckPaperUpdate-react-component-5ecf70c8-a1ce-4ce1-a8da-bba65611cec7"></div> <div class="DesignSystem"><div class="onsite-ping" id="onsite-ping"></div></div><div class="profile-user-info DesignSystem"><div class="social-profile-container"><div class="left-panel-container"><div class="user-info-component-wrapper"><div class="user-summary-cta-container"><div class="user-summary-container"><div class="social-profile-avatar-container"><img class="profile-avatar u-positionAbsolute" border="0" alt="" src="//a.academia-assets.com/images/s200_no_pic.png" /></div><div class="title-container"><h1 class="ds2-5-heading-sans-serif-sm">Claudia Distler</h1><div class="affiliations-container fake-truncate js-profile-affiliations"><div><a class="u-tcGrayDarker" href="https://ruhr-uni-bochum.academia.edu/">Ruhr University, Bochum</a>, <a class="u-tcGrayDarker" href="https://ruhr-uni-bochum.academia.edu/Departments/General_Zoology_and_Neurobiology/Documents">General Zoology and Neurobiology</a>, <span class="u-tcGrayDarker">Faculty Member</span></div></div></div></div><div class="sidebar-cta-container"><button class="ds2-5-button hidden profile-cta-button grow js-profile-follow-button" data-broccoli-component="user-info.follow-button" data-click-track="profile-user-info-follow-button" data-follow-user-fname="Claudia" data-follow-user-id="34307847" data-follow-user-source="profile_button" data-has-google="false"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">add</span>Follow</button><button class="ds2-5-button hidden profile-cta-button grow js-profile-unfollow-button" data-broccoli-component="user-info.unfollow-button" data-click-track="profile-user-info-unfollow-button" data-unfollow-user-id="34307847"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" 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data-click-track="profile-user-info-expand-research-interests" data-has-card-for-ri-list="34307847" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Consciousness_Psychology_"><div class="js-react-on-rails-component" style="display:none" data-component-name="Pill" data-props="{"color":"gray","children":["Consciousness (Psychology)"]}" data-trace="false" data-dom-id="Pill-react-component-ca82a045-f0ee-4fe5-a6d0-d939bee6a245"></div> <div id="Pill-react-component-ca82a045-f0ee-4fe5-a6d0-d939bee6a245"></div> </a><a data-click-track="profile-user-info-expand-research-interests" data-has-card-for-ri-list="34307847" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Visual_Working_Memory"><div class="js-react-on-rails-component" style="display:none" data-component-name="Pill" data-props="{"color":"gray","children":["Visual Working Memory"]}" data-trace="false" data-dom-id="Pill-react-component-f6f95922-c04e-493b-b764-588b634a8e03"></div> <div id="Pill-react-component-f6f95922-c04e-493b-b764-588b634a8e03"></div> </a><a data-click-track="profile-user-info-expand-research-interests" data-has-card-for-ri-list="34307847" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Visual_Neuroscience"><div class="js-react-on-rails-component" style="display:none" data-component-name="Pill" data-props="{"color":"gray","children":["Visual Neuroscience"]}" data-trace="false" data-dom-id="Pill-react-component-0dab8f37-6f69-435d-a256-186fabc17adf"></div> <div id="Pill-react-component-0dab8f37-6f69-435d-a256-186fabc17adf"></div> </a><a data-click-track="profile-user-info-expand-research-interests" data-has-card-for-ri-list="34307847" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Neuroplasticity"><div class="js-react-on-rails-component" style="display:none" data-component-name="Pill" data-props="{"color":"gray","children":["Neuroplasticity"]}" data-trace="false" data-dom-id="Pill-react-component-c27e4bd9-205c-498e-aaee-f0f47d5f94bd"></div> <div id="Pill-react-component-c27e4bd9-205c-498e-aaee-f0f47d5f94bd"></div> </a></div></div></div></div><div class="right-panel-container"><div class="user-content-wrapper"><div class="uploads-container" id="social-redesign-work-container"><div class="upload-header"><h2 class="ds2-5-heading-sans-serif-xs">Uploads</h2></div><div class="documents-container backbone-social-profile-documents" style="width: 100%;"><div class="u-taCenter"></div><div class="profile--tab_content_container js-tab-pane tab-pane active" id="all"><div class="profile--tab_heading_container js-section-heading" data-section="Papers" id="Papers"><h3 class="profile--tab_heading_container">Papers by Claudia Distler</h3></div><div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="101090202"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/101090202/Integration_in_Marmoset_Primary_Visual_Cortex_Acetylcholine_Dynamically_Controls_Spatial"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Integration in Marmoset Primary Visual Cortex Acetylcholine Dynamically Controls Spatial" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/101090202/Integration_in_Marmoset_Primary_Visual_Cortex_Acetylcholine_Dynamically_Controls_Spatial">Integration in Marmoset Primary Visual Cortex Acetylcholine Dynamically Controls Spatial</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span 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href="https://www.academia.edu/101090200/Functional_and_structural_organization_of_the_foveal_visual_representation_of_the_primate_superior_colliculus"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Functional and structural organization of the foveal visual representation of the primate superior colliculus" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/101090200/Functional_and_structural_organization_of_the_foveal_visual_representation_of_the_primate_superior_colliculus">Functional and structural organization of the foveal visual representation of the primate superior colliculus</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Journal of Vision</span><span>, 2017</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="101090200"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="101090200"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 101090200; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=101090200]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=101090200]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 101090200; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='101090200']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 101090200, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=101090200]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":101090200,"title":"Functional and structural organization of the foveal visual representation of the primate superior colliculus","translated_title":"","metadata":{"publisher":"Association for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology (ARVO)","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":2017,"errors":{}},"publication_name":"Journal of 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="101090137"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/101090137/The_uropygial_gland_of_the_Great_Cormorant_Phalacrocorax_carbo_I_Morphology"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of The uropygial gland of the Great Cormorant (Phalacrocorax carbo): I. Morphology" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/101725919/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/101090137/The_uropygial_gland_of_the_Great_Cormorant_Phalacrocorax_carbo_I_Morphology">The uropygial gland of the Great Cormorant (Phalacrocorax carbo): I. Morphology</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Journal of Ornithology</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">To further our knowledge of the basis of the wing-spreading behavior of cormorants, we compared t...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">To further our knowledge of the basis of the wing-spreading behavior of cormorants, we compared the feathers of cormorants with a diving and a dabbling duck. Only the cormorant shows the division into a closed vane next to the rhachis and an open vane in the periphery of the feather. Macroscopically, the uropygial gland of the Great Cormorant (Phalacrocorax carbo) is bilobed, the papilla wears circlet feathers of type I. Histologically, the uropygial gland of the cormorant consists of tightly packed glandular tubules separated by internal septa. These tubules can be divided into three zones based on their laminar appearance. They transition into secretion-filled ducts that lead to the papilla. There is no central storage chamber. By contrast, the uropygial gland of the rock pigeon (Columba livia) contains a large central storage chamber, the glandular tissue is limited to the periphery of the gland. Thus, the histological organization of the cormorant uropygial gland is similar to m...</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="f73ed752a8b357e5308a625ee73ef2ad" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":101725919,"asset_id":101090137,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/101725919/download_file?st=MTczMjUwNjkwMiw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="101090137"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="101090137"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 101090137; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=101090137]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=101090137]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 101090137; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='101090137']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 101090137, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "f73ed752a8b357e5308a625ee73ef2ad" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=101090137]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":101090137,"title":"The uropygial gland of the Great Cormorant (Phalacrocorax carbo): I. Morphology","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"To further our knowledge of the basis of the wing-spreading behavior of cormorants, we compared the feathers of cormorants with a diving and a dabbling duck. Only the cormorant shows the division into a closed vane next to the rhachis and an open vane in the periphery of the feather. Macroscopically, the uropygial gland of the Great Cormorant (Phalacrocorax carbo) is bilobed, the papilla wears circlet feathers of type I. Histologically, the uropygial gland of the cormorant consists of tightly packed glandular tubules separated by internal septa. These tubules can be divided into three zones based on their laminar appearance. They transition into secretion-filled ducts that lead to the papilla. There is no central storage chamber. By contrast, the uropygial gland of the rock pigeon (Columba livia) contains a large central storage chamber, the glandular tissue is limited to the periphery of the gland. Thus, the histological organization of the cormorant uropygial gland is similar to m...","publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","publication_name":"Journal of Ornithology"},"translated_abstract":"To further our knowledge of the basis of the wing-spreading behavior of cormorants, we compared the feathers of cormorants with a diving and a dabbling duck. Only the cormorant shows the division into a closed vane next to the rhachis and an open vane in the periphery of the feather. Macroscopically, the uropygial gland of the Great Cormorant (Phalacrocorax carbo) is bilobed, the papilla wears circlet feathers of type I. Histologically, the uropygial gland of the cormorant consists of tightly packed glandular tubules separated by internal septa. These tubules can be divided into three zones based on their laminar appearance. They transition into secretion-filled ducts that lead to the papilla. There is no central storage chamber. By contrast, the uropygial gland of the rock pigeon (Columba livia) contains a large central storage chamber, the glandular tissue is limited to the periphery of the gland. Thus, the histological organization of the cormorant uropygial gland is similar to m...","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/101090137/The_uropygial_gland_of_the_Great_Cormorant_Phalacrocorax_carbo_I_Morphology","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2023-05-01T23:11:10.338-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":34307847,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":101725919,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/101725919/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"s10336-022-02042-8.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/101725919/download_file?st=MTczMjUwNjkwMiw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"The_uropygial_gland_of_the_Great_Cormora.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/101725919/s10336-022-02042-8-libre.pdf?1683011459=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DThe_uropygial_gland_of_the_Great_Cormora.pdf\u0026Expires=1732510502\u0026Signature=M26xj57oVWp5FeoRkDG6bfD3Y~du-IFg55zFPtl92sXcEnn~cbxb9xNRIxSh1UpuWvD-3opsxONlbAI5TLyjI3Iwam9OwF8UDBswXWA0HCoSCJ2A9Ob-93Uxlx9R-Y7rD9wNoU44ki-NlcT3YDtPHZWGOga7P2FXbswEii4ox1Uross8qareSFZOfnJduKxpgAhPLAhc-~5wBTOQT8gIii748avNDc1Wn--wOxJTi8BcoJhM3vytvyFNprHwmW0pMcuKfzR6Nastkx8UiqwtbA4NdY2fdU6cCIiljUUYROuZgXIew3MQsRo2NE~nofXT608HsfDrMrpbYfOV0A~hFQ__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"The_uropygial_gland_of_the_Great_Cormorant_Phalacrocorax_carbo_I_Morphology","translated_slug":"","page_count":13,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","owner":{"id":34307847,"first_name":"Claudia","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Distler","page_name":"ClaudiaDistler","domain_name":"ruhr-uni-bochum","created_at":"2015-08-27T20:55:48.804-07:00","display_name":"Claudia Distler","url":"https://ruhr-uni-bochum.academia.edu/ClaudiaDistler"},"attachments":[{"id":101725919,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/101725919/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"s10336-022-02042-8.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/101725919/download_file?st=MTczMjUwNjkwMiw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"The_uropygial_gland_of_the_Great_Cormora.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/101725919/s10336-022-02042-8-libre.pdf?1683011459=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DThe_uropygial_gland_of_the_Great_Cormora.pdf\u0026Expires=1732510502\u0026Signature=M26xj57oVWp5FeoRkDG6bfD3Y~du-IFg55zFPtl92sXcEnn~cbxb9xNRIxSh1UpuWvD-3opsxONlbAI5TLyjI3Iwam9OwF8UDBswXWA0HCoSCJ2A9Ob-93Uxlx9R-Y7rD9wNoU44ki-NlcT3YDtPHZWGOga7P2FXbswEii4ox1Uross8qareSFZOfnJduKxpgAhPLAhc-~5wBTOQT8gIii748avNDc1Wn--wOxJTi8BcoJhM3vytvyFNprHwmW0pMcuKfzR6Nastkx8UiqwtbA4NdY2fdU6cCIiljUUYROuZgXIew3MQsRo2NE~nofXT608HsfDrMrpbYfOV0A~hFQ__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"},{"id":101725918,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/101725918/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"s10336-022-02042-8.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/101725918/download_file","bulk_download_file_name":"The_uropygial_gland_of_the_Great_Cormora.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/101725918/s10336-022-02042-8-libre.pdf?1683011464=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DThe_uropygial_gland_of_the_Great_Cormora.pdf\u0026Expires=1732510502\u0026Signature=TNd9UAVCtyjbWEh1dcGWuvBnUJZDfkRnraHAwlkOKWei4SadezKn84mSfcblQUVCgmwLBqhSTaG85ryTPt-QK-o9nEyfne~W4gFKwWfDDOBa1jfLtitXYZniFBiCGW3SQwtLwPefTdeIBMcRUbEQVSHMhR1z7XKYF7Bjo~6bvOGOApari2y3-IO8V4N0kZqjxX6WbCtWdGkd~raF~gsnHUX1vAIBqkyMfWPo-iecoaknZuIw2Brx3gBRpw2hfd3--lEgiy2Ff~9NU5oK4mEaXYdMnWRPHrTR6rI~ZctdvRhe23xcH6oTLN0VIEX1So2lcE-n45Vo4PEhM6KjjVjChg__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":1091,"name":"Ornithology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ornithology"},{"id":7710,"name":"Biology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biology"},{"id":54589,"name":"Anatomy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Anatomy"},{"id":418439,"name":"Seabird","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Seabird"},{"id":1008503,"name":"Feather","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Feather"}],"urls":[{"id":31088033,"url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10336-022-02042-8.pdf"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="85598389"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/85598389/Neocortical_pyramidal_neurons_with_axons_emerging_from_dendrites_are_frequent_in_non_primates_but_rare_in_monkey_and_human"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Neocortical pyramidal neurons with axons emerging from dendrites are frequent in non-primates, but rare in monkey and human" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/90246523/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/85598389/Neocortical_pyramidal_neurons_with_axons_emerging_from_dendrites_are_frequent_in_non_primates_but_rare_in_monkey_and_human">Neocortical pyramidal neurons with axons emerging from dendrites are frequent in non-primates, but rare in monkey and human</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">The canonical view of neuronal function is that inputs are received by dendrites and somata, beco...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">The canonical view of neuronal function is that inputs are received by dendrites and somata, become integrated in the somatodendritic compartment and upon reaching a sufficient threshold, generate axonal output with axons emerging from the cell body. The latter is not necessarily the case. Instead, axons may originate from dendrites. The terms “axon carrying dendrite” (AcD) and “AcD neurons” have been coined to describe this feature. Here, we report on the diversity of axon origins in neocortical pyramidal cells. We found that in non-primates (rodent, cat, ferret, pig), 10-21% of pyramidal cells of layers II-VI had an AcD. In marked contrast, in macaque and human, this proportion was lower, and it was particularly low for supragranular neurons. Unexpectedly, pyramidal cells in the white matter of postnatal cat and aged human cortex exhibit AcDs to much higher percentages. In rodent hippocampus, AcD cells are functionally ‘privileged’, since inputs here can circumvent somatic integra...</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="97c73cce30e5beffa1e56bc579e53ef4" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":90246523,"asset_id":85598389,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/90246523/download_file?st=MTczMjUwNjkwMiw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="85598389"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="85598389"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 85598389; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=85598389]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=85598389]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 85598389; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='85598389']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 85598389, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "97c73cce30e5beffa1e56bc579e53ef4" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=85598389]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":85598389,"title":"Neocortical pyramidal neurons with axons emerging from dendrites are frequent in non-primates, but rare in monkey and human","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"The canonical view of neuronal function is that inputs are received by dendrites and somata, become integrated in the somatodendritic compartment and upon reaching a sufficient threshold, generate axonal output with axons emerging from the cell body. The latter is not necessarily the case. Instead, axons may originate from dendrites. The terms “axon carrying dendrite” (AcD) and “AcD neurons” have been coined to describe this feature. Here, we report on the diversity of axon origins in neocortical pyramidal cells. We found that in non-primates (rodent, cat, ferret, pig), 10-21% of pyramidal cells of layers II-VI had an AcD. In marked contrast, in macaque and human, this proportion was lower, and it was particularly low for supragranular neurons. Unexpectedly, pyramidal cells in the white matter of postnatal cat and aged human cortex exhibit AcDs to much higher percentages. In rodent hippocampus, AcD cells are functionally ‘privileged’, since inputs here can circumvent somatic integra...","publisher":"Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":2021,"errors":{}}},"translated_abstract":"The canonical view of neuronal function is that inputs are received by dendrites and somata, become integrated in the somatodendritic compartment and upon reaching a sufficient threshold, generate axonal output with axons emerging from the cell body. The latter is not necessarily the case. Instead, axons may originate from dendrites. The terms “axon carrying dendrite” (AcD) and “AcD neurons” have been coined to describe this feature. Here, we report on the diversity of axon origins in neocortical pyramidal cells. We found that in non-primates (rodent, cat, ferret, pig), 10-21% of pyramidal cells of layers II-VI had an AcD. In marked contrast, in macaque and human, this proportion was lower, and it was particularly low for supragranular neurons. Unexpectedly, pyramidal cells in the white matter of postnatal cat and aged human cortex exhibit AcDs to much higher percentages. In rodent hippocampus, AcD cells are functionally ‘privileged’, since inputs here can circumvent somatic integra...","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/85598389/Neocortical_pyramidal_neurons_with_axons_emerging_from_dendrites_are_frequent_in_non_primates_but_rare_in_monkey_and_human","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2022-08-25T06:53:42.407-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":34307847,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":90246523,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/90246523/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"elife-76101-v2.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/90246523/download_file?st=MTczMjUwNjkwMiw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"Neocortical_pyramidal_neurons_with_axons.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/90246523/elife-76101-v2-libre.pdf?1661447332=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DNeocortical_pyramidal_neurons_with_axons.pdf\u0026Expires=1732510502\u0026Signature=SXBDT4J2l0lDanCYDggx5CmVpHHQeFP78dXvpG2NNrvNVaVaJxmdzd8ofdjUrpW1G3Hv5nflqeG3wERchJigKQapid6uOe0u85QcmSzdddM4Fh3pwilXM0diGsXSJhw3aPkV7s-b584smw9c8hQIcPRKGYE~aEeGxpS9X1svb7WZpcNoArG~pq8kjCIUsjibNwnOZt-r5SVGKZtSz0q7DT0exhN9pfPKuB0YEp~uEn0D~u7li64pl0W1vCOFmpELkBi3nZRN~7E0htzVFRSXzFBT29brGHEICyRtlKdOikKDa6kbeHmiGyhazsMhETNXTWEPx-axlN1KMa1IsuTeag__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"Neocortical_pyramidal_neurons_with_axons_emerging_from_dendrites_are_frequent_in_non_primates_but_rare_in_monkey_and_human","translated_slug":"","page_count":25,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","owner":{"id":34307847,"first_name":"Claudia","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Distler","page_name":"ClaudiaDistler","domain_name":"ruhr-uni-bochum","created_at":"2015-08-27T20:55:48.804-07:00","display_name":"Claudia Distler","url":"https://ruhr-uni-bochum.academia.edu/ClaudiaDistler"},"attachments":[{"id":90246523,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/90246523/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"elife-76101-v2.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/90246523/download_file?st=MTczMjUwNjkwMiw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"Neocortical_pyramidal_neurons_with_axons.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/90246523/elife-76101-v2-libre.pdf?1661447332=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DNeocortical_pyramidal_neurons_with_axons.pdf\u0026Expires=1732510502\u0026Signature=SXBDT4J2l0lDanCYDggx5CmVpHHQeFP78dXvpG2NNrvNVaVaJxmdzd8ofdjUrpW1G3Hv5nflqeG3wERchJigKQapid6uOe0u85QcmSzdddM4Fh3pwilXM0diGsXSJhw3aPkV7s-b584smw9c8hQIcPRKGYE~aEeGxpS9X1svb7WZpcNoArG~pq8kjCIUsjibNwnOZt-r5SVGKZtSz0q7DT0exhN9pfPKuB0YEp~uEn0D~u7li64pl0W1vCOFmpELkBi3nZRN~7E0htzVFRSXzFBT29brGHEICyRtlKdOikKDa6kbeHmiGyhazsMhETNXTWEPx-axlN1KMa1IsuTeag__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":7710,"name":"Biology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biology"},{"id":1325912,"name":"Elife","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Elife"}],"urls":[{"id":23346323,"url":"https://syndication.highwire.org/content/doi/10.1101/2021.12.24.474100"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); 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Although cognitive neuroscience has made great strides in understanding the neural substrates of attention, our understanding of its neuropharmacology is incomplete. Cholinergic and glutamatergic contributions have been demonstrated, but emerging evidence also suggests an important influence of dopamine (DA). DA has historically been investigated in the context of frontal/prefrontal function arguing that dopaminergic receptor density in the posterior/parietal cortex is sparse. However, this notion was derived from rodent data, whereas in primates DA innervation in parietal cortex matches that of many prefrontal areas. We recorded single- and multi-unit activity whilst iontophoretically administering dopaminergic agonists and antagonists to posterior parietal cortex of rhesus macaques engaged in a spatial attention task. Out of 88 neurons, 50 showed modulation of activi...</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="3a5b23fc8f2513879f863c3951c5a1d4" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":90246510,"asset_id":85598378,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/90246510/download_file?st=MTczMjUwNjkwMiw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="85598378"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="85598378"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 85598378; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=85598378]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=85598378]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 85598378; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='85598378']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 85598378, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "3a5b23fc8f2513879f863c3951c5a1d4" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=85598378]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":85598378,"title":"Dopamine influences attentional rate modulation in Macaque posterior parietal cortex","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"Selective attention facilitates the prioritization of task-relevant sensory inputs over those which are irrelevant. Although cognitive neuroscience has made great strides in understanding the neural substrates of attention, our understanding of its neuropharmacology is incomplete. Cholinergic and glutamatergic contributions have been demonstrated, but emerging evidence also suggests an important influence of dopamine (DA). DA has historically been investigated in the context of frontal/prefrontal function arguing that dopaminergic receptor density in the posterior/parietal cortex is sparse. However, this notion was derived from rodent data, whereas in primates DA innervation in parietal cortex matches that of many prefrontal areas. We recorded single- and multi-unit activity whilst iontophoretically administering dopaminergic agonists and antagonists to posterior parietal cortex of rhesus macaques engaged in a spatial attention task. Out of 88 neurons, 50 showed modulation of activi...","publisher":"Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":2020,"errors":{}}},"translated_abstract":"Selective attention facilitates the prioritization of task-relevant sensory inputs over those which are irrelevant. Although cognitive neuroscience has made great strides in understanding the neural substrates of attention, our understanding of its neuropharmacology is incomplete. Cholinergic and glutamatergic contributions have been demonstrated, but emerging evidence also suggests an important influence of dopamine (DA). DA has historically been investigated in the context of frontal/prefrontal function arguing that dopaminergic receptor density in the posterior/parietal cortex is sparse. However, this notion was derived from rodent data, whereas in primates DA innervation in parietal cortex matches that of many prefrontal areas. We recorded single- and multi-unit activity whilst iontophoretically administering dopaminergic agonists and antagonists to posterior parietal cortex of rhesus macaques engaged in a spatial attention task. Out of 88 neurons, 50 showed modulation of activi...","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/85598378/Dopamine_influences_attentional_rate_modulation_in_Macaque_posterior_parietal_cortex","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2022-08-25T06:53:38.076-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":34307847,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":90246510,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/90246510/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"2020.05.15.097675.full.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/90246510/download_file?st=MTczMjUwNjkwMiw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"Dopamine_influences_attentional_rate_mod.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/90246510/2020.05.15.097675.full-libre.pdf?1661441138=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DDopamine_influences_attentional_rate_mod.pdf\u0026Expires=1732510502\u0026Signature=PryyJ4wDR9BzIErAC-lC-b4LrtimPOpiAPPNl8R8jDg8rpZr~ryH0DiI-FfjcEaJ0qPQ5rWbqNhZXxYsG5yPRKn~EytbHgghM4RCy~DK7ahntMTAp13Us8iuEtQdCfRsQ5xHs4amURK39TxF0VSd-646Js92SUq8KE9jO8VdvNatuGdk63WBCbB8x4jA~cSgQIDR-2m9RMfs8LSD9VABTl6xF2C4bbIjXC57z3caKWExVyL~1Jx63KPrgzQ~R65NfyGw5-pd2pp~yvqdFgH8CsHz~pITR2yuqcVz07mYuyLRuK30s5-z8PGHFXjDxs3iNntbOxHVYHMTShZkp-qxaw__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"Dopamine_influences_attentional_rate_modulation_in_Macaque_posterior_parietal_cortex","translated_slug":"","page_count":42,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","owner":{"id":34307847,"first_name":"Claudia","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Distler","page_name":"ClaudiaDistler","domain_name":"ruhr-uni-bochum","created_at":"2015-08-27T20:55:48.804-07:00","display_name":"Claudia Distler","url":"https://ruhr-uni-bochum.academia.edu/ClaudiaDistler"},"attachments":[{"id":90246510,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/90246510/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"2020.05.15.097675.full.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/90246510/download_file?st=MTczMjUwNjkwMiw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"Dopamine_influences_attentional_rate_mod.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/90246510/2020.05.15.097675.full-libre.pdf?1661441138=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DDopamine_influences_attentional_rate_mod.pdf\u0026Expires=1732510502\u0026Signature=PryyJ4wDR9BzIErAC-lC-b4LrtimPOpiAPPNl8R8jDg8rpZr~ryH0DiI-FfjcEaJ0qPQ5rWbqNhZXxYsG5yPRKn~EytbHgghM4RCy~DK7ahntMTAp13Us8iuEtQdCfRsQ5xHs4amURK39TxF0VSd-646Js92SUq8KE9jO8VdvNatuGdk63WBCbB8x4jA~cSgQIDR-2m9RMfs8LSD9VABTl6xF2C4bbIjXC57z3caKWExVyL~1Jx63KPrgzQ~R65NfyGw5-pd2pp~yvqdFgH8CsHz~pITR2yuqcVz07mYuyLRuK30s5-z8PGHFXjDxs3iNntbOxHVYHMTShZkp-qxaw__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":161,"name":"Neuroscience","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Neuroscience"},{"id":7710,"name":"Biology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biology"},{"id":358226,"name":"Macaque","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Macaque"}],"urls":[{"id":23346319,"url":"https://syndication.highwire.org/content/doi/10.1101/2020.05.15.097675"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="85598374"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/85598374/Glia_Cells_of_the_Monkey_Retina_II_M_ller_Cells"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Glia Cells of the Monkey Retina�II. M�ller Cells" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/85598374/Glia_Cells_of_the_Monkey_Retina_II_M_ller_Cells">Glia Cells of the Monkey Retina�II. M�ller Cells</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Vision Res</span><span>, 1996</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="85598374"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="85598374"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 85598374; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=85598374]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=85598374]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 85598374; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='85598374']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 85598374, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=85598374]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":85598374,"title":"Glia Cells of the Monkey Retina�II. M�ller Cells","translated_title":"","metadata":{"publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":1996,"errors":{}},"publication_name":"Vision Res"},"translated_abstract":null,"internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/85598374/Glia_Cells_of_the_Monkey_Retina_II_M_ller_Cells","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2022-08-25T06:53:35.456-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":34307847,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[],"slug":"Glia_Cells_of_the_Monkey_Retina_II_M_ller_Cells","translated_slug":"","page_count":null,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","owner":{"id":34307847,"first_name":"Claudia","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Distler","page_name":"ClaudiaDistler","domain_name":"ruhr-uni-bochum","created_at":"2015-08-27T20:55:48.804-07:00","display_name":"Claudia 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="77014940"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/77014940/Contribution_of_Ionotropic_Glutamatergic_Receptors_to_Excitability_and_Attentional_Signals_in_Macaque_Frontal_Eye_Field"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Contribution of Ionotropic Glutamatergic Receptors to Excitability and Attentional Signals in Macaque Frontal Eye Field" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/84514417/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/77014940/Contribution_of_Ionotropic_Glutamatergic_Receptors_to_Excitability_and_Attentional_Signals_in_Macaque_Frontal_Eye_Field">Contribution of Ionotropic Glutamatergic Receptors to Excitability and Attentional Signals in Macaque Frontal Eye Field</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Cerebral Cortex (New York, NY)</span><span>, 2021</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Top-down attention, controlled by frontal cortical areas, is a key component of cognitive operati...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Top-down attention, controlled by frontal cortical areas, is a key component of cognitive operations. How different neurotransmitters and neuromodulators flexibly change the cellular and network interactions with attention demands remains poorly understood. While acetylcholine and dopamine are critically involved, glutamatergic receptors have been proposed to play important roles. To understand their contribution to attentional signals, we investigated how ionotropic glutamatergic receptors in the frontal eye field (FEF) of male macaques contribute to neuronal excitability and attentional control signals in different cell types. Broad-spiking and narrow-spiking cells both required N-methyl-D-aspartic acid and α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid receptor activation for normal excitability, thereby affecting ongoing or stimulus-driven activity. However, attentional control signals were not dependent on either glutamatergic receptor type in broad- or narrow-spiking cel...</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="797015b0ab77c57161b530a7188f9d08" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":84514417,"asset_id":77014940,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/84514417/download_file?st=MTczMjUwNjkwMiw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="77014940"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="77014940"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 77014940; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=77014940]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=77014940]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 77014940; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='77014940']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 77014940, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "797015b0ab77c57161b530a7188f9d08" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=77014940]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":77014940,"title":"Contribution of Ionotropic Glutamatergic Receptors to Excitability and Attentional Signals in Macaque Frontal Eye Field","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"Top-down attention, controlled by frontal cortical areas, is a key component of cognitive operations. How different neurotransmitters and neuromodulators flexibly change the cellular and network interactions with attention demands remains poorly understood. While acetylcholine and dopamine are critically involved, glutamatergic receptors have been proposed to play important roles. To understand their contribution to attentional signals, we investigated how ionotropic glutamatergic receptors in the frontal eye field (FEF) of male macaques contribute to neuronal excitability and attentional control signals in different cell types. Broad-spiking and narrow-spiking cells both required N-methyl-D-aspartic acid and α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid receptor activation for normal excitability, thereby affecting ongoing or stimulus-driven activity. However, attentional control signals were not dependent on either glutamatergic receptor type in broad- or narrow-spiking cel...","publisher":"Cerebral cortex","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":2021,"errors":{}},"publication_name":"Cerebral Cortex (New York, NY)"},"translated_abstract":"Top-down attention, controlled by frontal cortical areas, is a key component of cognitive operations. How different neurotransmitters and neuromodulators flexibly change the cellular and network interactions with attention demands remains poorly understood. While acetylcholine and dopamine are critically involved, glutamatergic receptors have been proposed to play important roles. To understand their contribution to attentional signals, we investigated how ionotropic glutamatergic receptors in the frontal eye field (FEF) of male macaques contribute to neuronal excitability and attentional control signals in different cell types. Broad-spiking and narrow-spiking cells both required N-methyl-D-aspartic acid and α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid receptor activation for normal excitability, thereby affecting ongoing or stimulus-driven activity. 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="77014938"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/77014938/Neuronal_Figure_Ground_Responses_in_Primate_Primary_Auditory_Cortex"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Neuronal Figure-Ground Responses in Primate Primary Auditory Cortex" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/84527632/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/77014938/Neuronal_Figure_Ground_Responses_in_Primate_Primary_Auditory_Cortex">Neuronal Figure-Ground Responses in Primate Primary Auditory Cortex</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>SSRN Electronic Journal</span><span>, 2020</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="afb96f2ef468690555d4d4404853ff1d" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":84527632,"asset_id":77014938,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/84527632/download_file?st=MTczMjUwNjkwMiw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="77014938"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="77014938"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 77014938; 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Nature, 418, 845–852. Fan, TX, Weber, AE, Pickard, GE, Faber, KM, and Ariel, M.(1995). Visual...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">... Nature, 418, 845–852. Fan, TX, Weber, AE, Pickard, GE, Faber, KM, and Ariel, M.(1995). Visual responses and connectivity in the turtle pretectum. ... The human accessory optic system. Brain Research, 454, 116–122. Fried, SI, Munch, TA, and Werblin, FS (2002). ...</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="77014936"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="77014936"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 77014936; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=77014936]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=77014936]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 77014936; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='77014936']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 77014936, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=77014936]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":77014936,"title":"The optokinetic reflex","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"... Nature, 418, 845–852. Fan, TX, Weber, AE, Pickard, GE, Faber, KM, and Ariel, M.(1995). Visual responses and connectivity in the turtle pretectum. ... The human accessory optic system. Brain Research, 454, 116–122. Fried, SI, Munch, TA, and Werblin, FS (2002). ...","publisher":"Oxford University Press","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":2011,"errors":{}},"publication_name":"Oxford Handbooks Online"},"translated_abstract":"... Nature, 418, 845–852. Fan, TX, Weber, AE, Pickard, GE, Faber, KM, and Ariel, M.(1995). Visual responses and connectivity in the turtle pretectum. ... The human accessory optic system. Brain Research, 454, 116–122. Fried, SI, Munch, TA, and Werblin, FS (2002). ...","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/77014936/The_optokinetic_reflex","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2022-04-19T20:20:00.693-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":34307847,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[],"slug":"The_optokinetic_reflex","translated_slug":"","page_count":null,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","owner":{"id":34307847,"first_name":"Claudia","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Distler","page_name":"ClaudiaDistler","domain_name":"ruhr-uni-bochum","created_at":"2015-08-27T20:55:48.804-07:00","display_name":"Claudia Distler","url":"https://ruhr-uni-bochum.academia.edu/ClaudiaDistler"},"attachments":[],"research_interests":[],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="77014934"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/77014934/Glia_Cells_of_the_Monkey_Retina_II_M%C3%BCller_Cells"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Glia Cells of the Monkey Retina—II. Müller Cells" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/77014934/Glia_Cells_of_the_Monkey_Retina_II_M%C3%BCller_Cells">Glia Cells of the Monkey Retina—II. Müller Cells</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Vision Research</span><span>, 1996</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">In this paper, for the first time a quantitative description of the morphology and distribution o...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">In this paper, for the first time a quantitative description of the morphology and distribution of Müller cells in the macaque monkey retina using immunohistochemistry and high resolution confocal laser scanning microscopy is given. By their morphological features Müller cells are ideally adapted to their neuronal environment in the various retinal layers, with a dense network of horizontal processes, especially in the inner plexiform layer, and close contacts to neuronal somata especially in the outer nuclear layer and ganglion cell layer. Morphology varies with retinal eccentricity. The thickness of the inner trunk increases significantly with increasing retinal eccentricity. According to the overall thickness of the retina, Müller cells in central retina are longer than in peripheral regions. In the parafoveal region, the outer trunks of Müller cells in the outer plexiform layer are immensely elongated. These Müller fibres can reach lengths of several hundred micrometers as they travel through the outer plexiform layer from the foveal centre towards the foveal border where they enter the inner nuclear layer. Müller cell density varies between 6000 cells/mm2 in far peripheral and peak densities of &amp;gt; 30,000 cells/mm2 in the parafoveal retina. There is a close spatial relationship between Müller cells and blood vessels in the monkey retina, suggesting a role of Müller cells in the formation of the blood-retinal barrier, in the uptake of nutrients and the disposal of metabolites.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="77014934"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="77014934"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 77014934; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=77014934]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=77014934]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 77014934; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='77014934']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 77014934, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=77014934]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":77014934,"title":"Glia Cells of the Monkey Retina—II. Müller Cells","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"In this paper, for the first time a quantitative description of the morphology and distribution of Müller cells in the macaque monkey retina using immunohistochemistry and high resolution confocal laser scanning microscopy is given. By their morphological features Müller cells are ideally adapted to their neuronal environment in the various retinal layers, with a dense network of horizontal processes, especially in the inner plexiform layer, and close contacts to neuronal somata especially in the outer nuclear layer and ganglion cell layer. Morphology varies with retinal eccentricity. The thickness of the inner trunk increases significantly with increasing retinal eccentricity. According to the overall thickness of the retina, Müller cells in central retina are longer than in peripheral regions. In the parafoveal region, the outer trunks of Müller cells in the outer plexiform layer are immensely elongated. These Müller fibres can reach lengths of several hundred micrometers as they travel through the outer plexiform layer from the foveal centre towards the foveal border where they enter the inner nuclear layer. Müller cell density varies between 6000 cells/mm2 in far peripheral and peak densities of \u0026amp;gt; 30,000 cells/mm2 in the parafoveal retina. There is a close spatial relationship between Müller cells and blood vessels in the monkey retina, suggesting a role of Müller cells in the formation of the blood-retinal barrier, in the uptake of nutrients and the disposal of metabolites.","publisher":"Elsevier BV","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":1996,"errors":{}},"publication_name":"Vision Research"},"translated_abstract":"In this paper, for the first time a quantitative description of the morphology and distribution of Müller cells in the macaque monkey retina using immunohistochemistry and high resolution confocal laser scanning microscopy is given. By their morphological features Müller cells are ideally adapted to their neuronal environment in the various retinal layers, with a dense network of horizontal processes, especially in the inner plexiform layer, and close contacts to neuronal somata especially in the outer nuclear layer and ganglion cell layer. Morphology varies with retinal eccentricity. The thickness of the inner trunk increases significantly with increasing retinal eccentricity. According to the overall thickness of the retina, Müller cells in central retina are longer than in peripheral regions. In the parafoveal region, the outer trunks of Müller cells in the outer plexiform layer are immensely elongated. These Müller fibres can reach lengths of several hundred micrometers as they travel through the outer plexiform layer from the foveal centre towards the foveal border where they enter the inner nuclear layer. Müller cell density varies between 6000 cells/mm2 in far peripheral and peak densities of \u0026amp;gt; 30,000 cells/mm2 in the parafoveal retina. There is a close spatial relationship between Müller cells and blood vessels in the monkey retina, suggesting a role of Müller cells in the formation of the blood-retinal barrier, in the uptake of nutrients and the disposal of metabolites.","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/77014934/Glia_Cells_of_the_Monkey_Retina_II_M%C3%BCller_Cells","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2022-04-19T20:20:00.469-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":34307847,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[],"slug":"Glia_Cells_of_the_Monkey_Retina_II_Müller_Cells","translated_slug":"","page_count":null,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","owner":{"id":34307847,"first_name":"Claudia","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Distler","page_name":"ClaudiaDistler","domain_name":"ruhr-uni-bochum","created_at":"2015-08-27T20:55:48.804-07:00","display_name":"Claudia Distler","url":"https://ruhr-uni-bochum.academia.edu/ClaudiaDistler"},"attachments":[],"research_interests":[{"id":12071,"name":"Immunohistochemistry","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Immunohistochemistry"},{"id":18533,"name":"Confocal Microscopy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Confocal_Microscopy"},{"id":19537,"name":"Biometry","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biometry"},{"id":37895,"name":"Immunocytochemistry","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Immunocytochemistry"},{"id":59692,"name":"Vision","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Vision"},{"id":99234,"name":"Animals","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Animals"},{"id":117200,"name":"Retina","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Retina"},{"id":309086,"name":"High Resolution","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/High_Resolution"},{"id":549122,"name":"Confocal Laser Scanning Microscopy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Confocal_Laser_Scanning_Microscopy"},{"id":573267,"name":"Macaca Mulatta","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Macaca_Mulatta"},{"id":584606,"name":"Macaca fascicularis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Macaca_fascicularis"},{"id":956026,"name":"Somatic Cell Count","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Somatic_Cell_Count"},{"id":987444,"name":"Spatial Relationships","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Spatial_Relationships"},{"id":1006816,"name":"Macaque Monkey","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Macaque_Monkey"},{"id":1251210,"name":"Blood Vessel","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Blood_Vessel"},{"id":2796077,"name":"Cell count","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cell_count"},{"id":2922956,"name":"Psychology and Cognitive Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Psychology_and_Cognitive_Sciences"},{"id":3526566,"name":"Blood Retinal Barrier","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Blood_Retinal_Barrier"},{"id":3763225,"name":"Medical and Health Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medical_and_Health_Sciences"},{"id":3900244,"name":"Retinal vessels","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Retinal_vessels"}],"urls":[{"id":19691101,"url":"https://api.elsevier.com/content/article/PII:0042698996000053?httpAccept=text/plain"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="77014516"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/77014516/Glia_Cells_of_the_Monkey_Retina_II_Muller_Cells_I_Astrocytes"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Glia Cells of the Monkey Retina-II. Muller Cells - I. Astrocytes" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/77014516/Glia_Cells_of_the_Monkey_Retina_II_Muller_Cells_I_Astrocytes">Glia Cells of the Monkey Retina-II. Muller Cells - I. Astrocytes</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Vision Research</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="77014516"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="77014516"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 77014516; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=77014516]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=77014516]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 77014516; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='77014516']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 77014516, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=77014516]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":77014516,"title":"Glia Cells of the Monkey Retina-II. Muller Cells - I. Astrocytes","translated_title":"","metadata":{"publication_name":"Vision Research"},"translated_abstract":null,"internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/77014516/Glia_Cells_of_the_Monkey_Retina_II_Muller_Cells_I_Astrocytes","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2022-04-19T20:10:36.342-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":34307847,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[],"slug":"Glia_Cells_of_the_Monkey_Retina_II_Muller_Cells_I_Astrocytes","translated_slug":"","page_count":null,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","owner":{"id":34307847,"first_name":"Claudia","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Distler","page_name":"ClaudiaDistler","domain_name":"ruhr-uni-bochum","created_at":"2015-08-27T20:55:48.804-07:00","display_name":"Claudia Distler","url":"https://ruhr-uni-bochum.academia.edu/ClaudiaDistler"},"attachments":[],"research_interests":[{"id":59692,"name":"Vision","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Vision"},{"id":2922956,"name":"Psychology and Cognitive Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Psychology_and_Cognitive_Sciences"},{"id":3763225,"name":"Medical and Health Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medical_and_Health_Sciences"}],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="67464467"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/67464467/Quantitative_analysis_of_visual_receptive_fields_of_neurons_in_nucleus_of_the_optic_tract_and_dorsal_terminal_nucleus_of_the_accessory_optic_tract_in_macaque_monkey"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Quantitative analysis of visual receptive fields of neurons in nucleus of the optic tract and dorsal terminal nucleus of the accessory optic tract in macaque monkey" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/67464467/Quantitative_analysis_of_visual_receptive_fields_of_neurons_in_nucleus_of_the_optic_tract_and_dorsal_terminal_nucleus_of_the_accessory_optic_tract_in_macaque_monkey">Quantitative analysis of visual receptive fields of neurons in nucleus of the optic tract and dorsal terminal nucleus of the accessory optic tract in macaque monkey</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Journal of neurophysiology</span><span>, 1989</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">1. The visual receptive field properties of neurons in the nucleus of the optic tract (NOT) in th...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">1. The visual receptive field properties of neurons in the nucleus of the optic tract (NOT) in the pretectum and the dorsal terminal nucleus (DTN) of the accessory optic tract were analyzed quantitatively in anesthetized, paralyzed macaque monkeys. 2. Visual latencies to reversals in direction of stimulus movement ranged from 40 to 80 ms [61 +/- 13.5 (SD) ms]. 3. All neurons increased their discharge rate during ipsiversive movement and decreased their ongoing activity during contraversive movement of single stimuli or whole-field random dot patterns. The population of neurons in the left NOT-DTN was excited most strongly by leftward movement pointing 4 degrees down; neurons in the right NOT-DTN were excited most strongly by rightward movement pointing 6 degrees down. The mean angle between the directions yielding the highest and the lowest discharge rate in the two populations of NOT-DTN neurons was 177 degrees. 4. The deviation of the preferred excitatory directions from the horiz...</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="67464467"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="67464467"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 67464467; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=67464467]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=67464467]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 67464467; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='67464467']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 67464467, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=67464467]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":67464467,"title":"Quantitative analysis of visual receptive fields of neurons in nucleus of the optic tract and dorsal terminal nucleus of the accessory optic tract in macaque monkey","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"1. The visual receptive field properties of neurons in the nucleus of the optic tract (NOT) in the pretectum and the dorsal terminal nucleus (DTN) of the accessory optic tract were analyzed quantitatively in anesthetized, paralyzed macaque monkeys. 2. Visual latencies to reversals in direction of stimulus movement ranged from 40 to 80 ms [61 +/- 13.5 (SD) ms]. 3. All neurons increased their discharge rate during ipsiversive movement and decreased their ongoing activity during contraversive movement of single stimuli or whole-field random dot patterns. The population of neurons in the left NOT-DTN was excited most strongly by leftward movement pointing 4 degrees down; neurons in the right NOT-DTN were excited most strongly by rightward movement pointing 6 degrees down. The mean angle between the directions yielding the highest and the lowest discharge rate in the two populations of NOT-DTN neurons was 177 degrees. 4. The deviation of the preferred excitatory directions from the horiz...","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":1989,"errors":{}},"publication_name":"Journal of neurophysiology"},"translated_abstract":"1. The visual receptive field properties of neurons in the nucleus of the optic tract (NOT) in the pretectum and the dorsal terminal nucleus (DTN) of the accessory optic tract were analyzed quantitatively in anesthetized, paralyzed macaque monkeys. 2. Visual latencies to reversals in direction of stimulus movement ranged from 40 to 80 ms [61 +/- 13.5 (SD) ms]. 3. All neurons increased their discharge rate during ipsiversive movement and decreased their ongoing activity during contraversive movement of single stimuli or whole-field random dot patterns. The population of neurons in the left NOT-DTN was excited most strongly by leftward movement pointing 4 degrees down; neurons in the right NOT-DTN were excited most strongly by rightward movement pointing 6 degrees down. The mean angle between the directions yielding the highest and the lowest discharge rate in the two populations of NOT-DTN neurons was 177 degrees. 4. The deviation of the preferred excitatory directions from the horiz...","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/67464467/Quantitative_analysis_of_visual_receptive_fields_of_neurons_in_nucleus_of_the_optic_tract_and_dorsal_terminal_nucleus_of_the_accessory_optic_tract_in_macaque_monkey","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2022-01-06T21:59:25.737-08:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":34307847,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[],"slug":"Quantitative_analysis_of_visual_receptive_fields_of_neurons_in_nucleus_of_the_optic_tract_and_dorsal_terminal_nucleus_of_the_accessory_optic_tract_in_macaque_monkey","translated_slug":"","page_count":null,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","owner":{"id":34307847,"first_name":"Claudia","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Distler","page_name":"ClaudiaDistler","domain_name":"ruhr-uni-bochum","created_at":"2015-08-27T20:55:48.804-07:00","display_name":"Claudia Distler","url":"https://ruhr-uni-bochum.academia.edu/ClaudiaDistler"},"attachments":[],"research_interests":[{"id":498,"name":"Physics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Physics"},{"id":5359,"name":"Visual perception","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Visual_perception"},{"id":22272,"name":"Neurophysiology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Neurophysiology"},{"id":26327,"name":"Medicine","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medicine"},{"id":99234,"name":"Animals","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Animals"},{"id":193974,"name":"Neurons","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Neurons"},{"id":573267,"name":"Macaca Mulatta","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Macaca_Mulatta"},{"id":584606,"name":"Macaca fascicularis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Macaca_fascicularis"},{"id":2922956,"name":"Psychology and Cognitive Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Psychology_and_Cognitive_Sciences"},{"id":3763225,"name":"Medical and Health Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medical_and_Health_Sciences"}],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="64889538"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/64889538/Visual_receptive_field_properties_in_kitten_pretectal_nucleus_of_the_optic_tract_and_dorsal_terminal_nucleus_of_the_accessory_optic_tract"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Visual receptive field properties in kitten pretectal nucleus of the optic tract and dorsal terminal nucleus of the accessory optic tract" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/64889538/Visual_receptive_field_properties_in_kitten_pretectal_nucleus_of_the_optic_tract_and_dorsal_terminal_nucleus_of_the_accessory_optic_tract">Visual receptive field properties in kitten pretectal nucleus of the optic tract and dorsal terminal nucleus of the accessory optic tract</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Journal of neurophysiology</span><span>, 1993</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">1. Neurons in the pretectal nucleus of the optic tract (NOT) and dorsal terminal nucleus of the a...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">1. Neurons in the pretectal nucleus of the optic tract (NOT) and dorsal terminal nucleus of the accessory optic tract (DTN) were recorded in anesthetized and paralyzed kittens on postnatal days 18 to 48 (P18-P48) as well as in adult cats. 2. Spontaneous as well as stimulus driven discharge rates of NOT-DTN neurons in the youngest kittens (P18-P23) are significantly lower than in older kittens (P27-P33) or adult cats. 3. Visual latencies of NOT-DTN neurons in P18-P23 kittens are significantly longer than in P27-P33 kittens. They further decrease as the animals reach adulthood. 4. Already in the youngest animals recorded in this experimental series (P18) NOT-DTN neurons were selective for ipsiversive horizontal stimulus movement. When expressed as the difference between response strength during stimulation in the preferred and the nonpreferred direction, P18-P23 NOT-DTN neurons are less direction selective than NOT-DTN cells in older animals. However, the normalized directional tuning...</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="64889538"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="64889538"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 64889538; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=64889538]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=64889538]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 64889538; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='64889538']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 64889538, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=64889538]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":64889538,"title":"Visual receptive field properties in kitten pretectal nucleus of the optic tract and dorsal terminal nucleus of the accessory optic tract","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"1. Neurons in the pretectal nucleus of the optic tract (NOT) and dorsal terminal nucleus of the accessory optic tract (DTN) were recorded in anesthetized and paralyzed kittens on postnatal days 18 to 48 (P18-P48) as well as in adult cats. 2. Spontaneous as well as stimulus driven discharge rates of NOT-DTN neurons in the youngest kittens (P18-P23) are significantly lower than in older kittens (P27-P33) or adult cats. 3. Visual latencies of NOT-DTN neurons in P18-P23 kittens are significantly longer than in P27-P33 kittens. They further decrease as the animals reach adulthood. 4. Already in the youngest animals recorded in this experimental series (P18) NOT-DTN neurons were selective for ipsiversive horizontal stimulus movement. When expressed as the difference between response strength during stimulation in the preferred and the nonpreferred direction, P18-P23 NOT-DTN neurons are less direction selective than NOT-DTN cells in older animals. However, the normalized directional tuning...","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":1993,"errors":{}},"publication_name":"Journal of neurophysiology"},"translated_abstract":"1. Neurons in the pretectal nucleus of the optic tract (NOT) and dorsal terminal nucleus of the accessory optic tract (DTN) were recorded in anesthetized and paralyzed kittens on postnatal days 18 to 48 (P18-P48) as well as in adult cats. 2. Spontaneous as well as stimulus driven discharge rates of NOT-DTN neurons in the youngest kittens (P18-P23) are significantly lower than in older kittens (P27-P33) or adult cats. 3. Visual latencies of NOT-DTN neurons in P18-P23 kittens are significantly longer than in P27-P33 kittens. They further decrease as the animals reach adulthood. 4. Already in the youngest animals recorded in this experimental series (P18) NOT-DTN neurons were selective for ipsiversive horizontal stimulus movement. When expressed as the difference between response strength during stimulation in the preferred and the nonpreferred direction, P18-P23 NOT-DTN neurons are less direction selective than NOT-DTN cells in older animals. However, the normalized directional tuning...","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/64889538/Visual_receptive_field_properties_in_kitten_pretectal_nucleus_of_the_optic_tract_and_dorsal_terminal_nucleus_of_the_accessory_optic_tract","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2021-12-17T11:06:34.828-08:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":34307847,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[],"slug":"Visual_receptive_field_properties_in_kitten_pretectal_nucleus_of_the_optic_tract_and_dorsal_terminal_nucleus_of_the_accessory_optic_tract","translated_slug":"","page_count":null,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","owner":{"id":34307847,"first_name":"Claudia","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Distler","page_name":"ClaudiaDistler","domain_name":"ruhr-uni-bochum","created_at":"2015-08-27T20:55:48.804-07:00","display_name":"Claudia Distler","url":"https://ruhr-uni-bochum.academia.edu/ClaudiaDistler"},"attachments":[],"research_interests":[{"id":5614,"name":"Binocular vision","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Binocular_vision"},{"id":6791,"name":"Aging","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Aging"},{"id":7710,"name":"Biology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biology"},{"id":13493,"name":"Motion perception","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Motion_perception"},{"id":22272,"name":"Neurophysiology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Neurophysiology"},{"id":26327,"name":"Medicine","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medicine"},{"id":41088,"name":"Cats","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cats"},{"id":52176,"name":"Brain Mapping","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Brain_Mapping"},{"id":71422,"name":"Optic Nerve","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Optic_Nerve"},{"id":99234,"name":"Animals","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Animals"},{"id":117200,"name":"Retina","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Retina"},{"id":168209,"name":"Steady State Visual Evoked Potentials","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Steady_State_Visual_Evoked_Potentials"},{"id":193974,"name":"Neurons","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Neurons"},{"id":968586,"name":"Visual Evoked Potentials","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Visual_Evoked_Potentials"},{"id":2922956,"name":"Psychology and Cognitive Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Psychology_and_Cognitive_Sciences"},{"id":3763225,"name":"Medical and Health Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medical_and_Health_Sciences"}],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="64415848"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/64415848/Vergleichende_und_funktionelle_Anatomie_der_Wirbeltiere"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Vergleichende und funktionelle Anatomie der Wirbeltiere" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/64415848/Vergleichende_und_funktionelle_Anatomie_der_Wirbeltiere">Vergleichende und funktionelle Anatomie der Wirbeltiere</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Springer-Lehrbuch</span><span>, 2004</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="64415848"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="64415848"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 64415848; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=64415848]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=64415848]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 64415848; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='64415848']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 64415848, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="59468968"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/59468968/Cell_class_specific_modulation_of_attentional_signals_by_acetylcholine_in_macaque_frontal_eye_field"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Cell class-specific modulation of attentional signals by acetylcholine in macaque frontal eye field" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/73376031/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/59468968/Cell_class_specific_modulation_of_attentional_signals_by_acetylcholine_in_macaque_frontal_eye_field">Cell class-specific modulation of attentional signals by acetylcholine in macaque frontal eye field</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Attention is critical to high-level cognition, and attentional deficits are a hallmark of cogniti...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Attention is critical to high-level cognition, and attentional deficits are a hallmark of cognitive dysfunction. A key transmitter for attentional control is acetylcholine, but its cellular actions in attention-controlling areas remain poorly understood. Here we delineate how muscarinic and nicotinic receptors affect basic neuronal excitability and attentional control signals in different cell types in macaque frontal eye field. We found that broad spiking and narrow spiking cells both require muscarinic and nicotinic receptors for normal excitability, thereby affecting ongoing or stimulus-driven activity. Attentional control signals depended on muscarinic, not nicotinic receptors in broad spiking cells, while they depended on both muscarinic and nicotinic receptors in narrow spiking cells. Cluster analysis revealed that muscarinic and nicotinic effects on attentional control signals were highly selective even for different subclasses of narrow spiking cells and of broad spiking cel...</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="8d1ad7d0d8c0a269eb883ab8019a51f3" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":73376031,"asset_id":59468968,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/73376031/download_file?st=MTczMjUwNjkwMyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="59468968"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="59468968"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 59468968; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=59468968]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=59468968]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 59468968; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='59468968']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 59468968, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "8d1ad7d0d8c0a269eb883ab8019a51f3" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=59468968]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":59468968,"title":"Cell class-specific modulation of attentional signals by acetylcholine in macaque frontal eye field","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"Attention is critical to high-level cognition, and attentional deficits are a hallmark of cognitive dysfunction. A key transmitter for attentional control is acetylcholine, but its cellular actions in attention-controlling areas remain poorly understood. Here we delineate how muscarinic and nicotinic receptors affect basic neuronal excitability and attentional control signals in different cell types in macaque frontal eye field. We found that broad spiking and narrow spiking cells both require muscarinic and nicotinic receptors for normal excitability, thereby affecting ongoing or stimulus-driven activity. Attentional control signals depended on muscarinic, not nicotinic receptors in broad spiking cells, while they depended on both muscarinic and nicotinic receptors in narrow spiking cells. Cluster analysis revealed that muscarinic and nicotinic effects on attentional control signals were highly selective even for different subclasses of narrow spiking cells and of broad spiking cel...","publisher":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences","publication_name":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences"},"translated_abstract":"Attention is critical to high-level cognition, and attentional deficits are a hallmark of cognitive dysfunction. A key transmitter for attentional control is acetylcholine, but its cellular actions in attention-controlling areas remain poorly understood. Here we delineate how muscarinic and nicotinic receptors affect basic neuronal excitability and attentional control signals in different cell types in macaque frontal eye field. We found that broad spiking and narrow spiking cells both require muscarinic and nicotinic receptors for normal excitability, thereby affecting ongoing or stimulus-driven activity. Attentional control signals depended on muscarinic, not nicotinic receptors in broad spiking cells, while they depended on both muscarinic and nicotinic receptors in narrow spiking cells. Cluster analysis revealed that muscarinic and nicotinic effects on attentional control signals were highly selective even for different subclasses of narrow spiking cells and of broad spiking cel...","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/59468968/Cell_class_specific_modulation_of_attentional_signals_by_acetylcholine_in_macaque_frontal_eye_field","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2021-10-22T02:30:33.374-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":34307847,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":73376031,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/73376031/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"fulltext.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/73376031/download_file?st=MTczMjUwNjkwMyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"Cell_class_specific_modulation_of_attent.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/73376031/fulltext-libre.pdf?1634901419=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DCell_class_specific_modulation_of_attent.pdf\u0026Expires=1732510503\u0026Signature=ChwddP2YIZ2e~VKiijuzK4zt0cSS~qBbkXP2acw1q1OuoNI1S84jf~CZtbX~esSbcp5DvcKbpxi7HtUL4yxsF44Qb9rKf-A8krK2pW-dfOoRijoKV6UPNmoqvpFd6jU~j5o0IY9WDzs99M7vjnSRjkZ-5agUNtTCUE0ZaBrQ5CAFlst9GHO-cn6AYjlnUU27EbWHcQ7Glo-GRzxtRUByhYkUo9xcmhlRWgNhH~vNwOt8-fpiMlnRz29qZPy269DqfzYkUeYM0sxJfkgQtMkzJ~m633z9qtQusP87w2Ro9lHQRvYJNaBDqzU98uYS56972Yh5uThrms0fvz4bSNt39w__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"Cell_class_specific_modulation_of_attentional_signals_by_acetylcholine_in_macaque_frontal_eye_field","translated_slug":"","page_count":10,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","owner":{"id":34307847,"first_name":"Claudia","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Distler","page_name":"ClaudiaDistler","domain_name":"ruhr-uni-bochum","created_at":"2015-08-27T20:55:48.804-07:00","display_name":"Claudia Distler","url":"https://ruhr-uni-bochum.academia.edu/ClaudiaDistler"},"attachments":[{"id":73376031,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/73376031/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"fulltext.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/73376031/download_file?st=MTczMjUwNjkwMyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"Cell_class_specific_modulation_of_attent.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/73376031/fulltext-libre.pdf?1634901419=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DCell_class_specific_modulation_of_attent.pdf\u0026Expires=1732510503\u0026Signature=ChwddP2YIZ2e~VKiijuzK4zt0cSS~qBbkXP2acw1q1OuoNI1S84jf~CZtbX~esSbcp5DvcKbpxi7HtUL4yxsF44Qb9rKf-A8krK2pW-dfOoRijoKV6UPNmoqvpFd6jU~j5o0IY9WDzs99M7vjnSRjkZ-5agUNtTCUE0ZaBrQ5CAFlst9GHO-cn6AYjlnUU27EbWHcQ7Glo-GRzxtRUByhYkUo9xcmhlRWgNhH~vNwOt8-fpiMlnRz29qZPy269DqfzYkUeYM0sxJfkgQtMkzJ~m633z9qtQusP87w2Ro9lHQRvYJNaBDqzU98uYS56972Yh5uThrms0fvz4bSNt39w__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":28235,"name":"Multidisciplinary","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Multidisciplinary"}],"urls":[{"id":13528540,"url":"http://www.pnas.org/syndication/doi/10.1073/pnas.1905413116"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="59468967"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/59468967/The_foveal_visual_representation_of_the_primate_superior_colliculus"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of The foveal visual representation of the primate superior colliculus" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/73376017/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/59468967/The_foveal_visual_representation_of_the_primate_superior_colliculus">The foveal visual representation of the primate superior colliculus</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Processing of foveal retinal input is important not only for high quality visual scene analysis, ...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Processing of foveal retinal input is important not only for high quality visual scene analysis, but also for ensuring precise, albeit tiny, gaze shifts during high acuity visual tasks. The representations of foveal retinal input in primate lateral geniculate nucleus and early visual cortices have been characterized. However, how such representations translate into precise eye movements remains unclear. Here we document functional and structural properties of the foveal visual representation of midbrain superior colliculus. We show that superior colliculus, classically associated with extra-foveal spatial representations needed for gaze shifts, is highly sensitive to visual input impinging on the fovea. Superior colliculus also represents such input in an orderly and very specific manner, and it magnifies representation of foveal images in neural tissue as much as primary visual cortex does. Primate superior colliculus contains a high-fidelity visual representation, with large fovea...</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="fedf0578a1f19938aff38b2ca4f37046" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":73376017,"asset_id":59468967,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/73376017/download_file?st=MTczMjUwNjkwMyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="59468967"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="59468967"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 59468967; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=59468967]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=59468967]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 59468967; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='59468967']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 59468967, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "fedf0578a1f19938aff38b2ca4f37046" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=59468967]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":59468967,"title":"The foveal visual representation of the primate superior colliculus","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"Processing of foveal retinal input is important not only for high quality visual scene analysis, but also for ensuring precise, albeit tiny, gaze shifts during high acuity visual tasks. The representations of foveal retinal input in primate lateral geniculate nucleus and early visual cortices have been characterized. However, how such representations translate into precise eye movements remains unclear. Here we document functional and structural properties of the foveal visual representation of midbrain superior colliculus. We show that superior colliculus, classically associated with extra-foveal spatial representations needed for gaze shifts, is highly sensitive to visual input impinging on the fovea. Superior colliculus also represents such input in an orderly and very specific manner, and it magnifies representation of foveal images in neural tissue as much as primary visual cortex does. Primate superior colliculus contains a high-fidelity visual representation, with large fovea...","publisher":"Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory"},"translated_abstract":"Processing of foveal retinal input is important not only for high quality visual scene analysis, but also for ensuring precise, albeit tiny, gaze shifts during high acuity visual tasks. The representations of foveal retinal input in primate lateral geniculate nucleus and early visual cortices have been characterized. However, how such representations translate into precise eye movements remains unclear. Here we document functional and structural properties of the foveal visual representation of midbrain superior colliculus. We show that superior colliculus, classically associated with extra-foveal spatial representations needed for gaze shifts, is highly sensitive to visual input impinging on the fovea. Superior colliculus also represents such input in an orderly and very specific manner, and it magnifies representation of foveal images in neural tissue as much as primary visual cortex does. Primate superior colliculus contains a high-fidelity visual representation, with large fovea...","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/59468967/The_foveal_visual_representation_of_the_primate_superior_colliculus","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2021-10-22T02:30:33.123-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":34307847,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":73376017,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/73376017/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"554121.full.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/73376017/download_file?st=MTczMjUwNjkwMyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"The_foveal_visual_representation_of_the.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/73376017/554121.full-libre.pdf?1634901423=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DThe_foveal_visual_representation_of_the.pdf\u0026Expires=1732510503\u0026Signature=Z3atJDb-SzyxQgPUdo3kdeKZP0qgTmmKeP~0pGXjvbPJgF7mgLv6s5rM9jOa64sdWYvo8psheHP56nL1SdcCZNFM7s3BQI8gSL~ahlFlgJFMhdeNoEKDSH0vDf9hfz~8Sl8i-pdXhqm1oWslrYAmLJDOugqqwzJscgYwQZUKAH6gC7s~cRith129gQZXZAwjipG-YlRws5CzYbxgUhoAfa7GmKgw2GTB8tBWVcvWmYaTyUXw3eKBvpe5NzdwPMh3K0zUuMrOoY00SnS9wsBHRE4DD7TLHIoC4Swmr58gbOmKcHolECOob8Lh9EQIKdhRzH-d5UNuH86re6oYIQWK7g__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"The_foveal_visual_representation_of_the_primate_superior_colliculus","translated_slug":"","page_count":55,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","owner":{"id":34307847,"first_name":"Claudia","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Distler","page_name":"ClaudiaDistler","domain_name":"ruhr-uni-bochum","created_at":"2015-08-27T20:55:48.804-07:00","display_name":"Claudia Distler","url":"https://ruhr-uni-bochum.academia.edu/ClaudiaDistler"},"attachments":[{"id":73376017,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/73376017/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"554121.full.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/73376017/download_file?st=MTczMjUwNjkwMyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"The_foveal_visual_representation_of_the.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/73376017/554121.full-libre.pdf?1634901423=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DThe_foveal_visual_representation_of_the.pdf\u0026Expires=1732510503\u0026Signature=Z3atJDb-SzyxQgPUdo3kdeKZP0qgTmmKeP~0pGXjvbPJgF7mgLv6s5rM9jOa64sdWYvo8psheHP56nL1SdcCZNFM7s3BQI8gSL~ahlFlgJFMhdeNoEKDSH0vDf9hfz~8Sl8i-pdXhqm1oWslrYAmLJDOugqqwzJscgYwQZUKAH6gC7s~cRith129gQZXZAwjipG-YlRws5CzYbxgUhoAfa7GmKgw2GTB8tBWVcvWmYaTyUXw3eKBvpe5NzdwPMh3K0zUuMrOoY00SnS9wsBHRE4DD7TLHIoC4Swmr58gbOmKcHolECOob8Lh9EQIKdhRzH-d5UNuH86re6oYIQWK7g__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[],"urls":[{"id":13528539,"url":"https://syndication.highwire.org/content/doi/10.1101/554121"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="59468966"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/59468966/Perceptual_learning_of_fine_contrast_discrimination_changes_neuronal_tuning_and_population_coding_in_macaque_V4"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Perceptual learning of fine contrast discrimination changes neuronal tuning and population coding in macaque V4" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/73376033/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/59468966/Perceptual_learning_of_fine_contrast_discrimination_changes_neuronal_tuning_and_population_coding_in_macaque_V4">Perceptual learning of fine contrast discrimination changes neuronal tuning and population coding in macaque V4</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Nature communications</span><span>, Jan 12, 2018</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Perceptual learning, the improvement in perceptual abilities with training, is thought to be medi...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Perceptual learning, the improvement in perceptual abilities with training, is thought to be mediated by an alteration of neuronal tuning. It remains poorly understood how tuning properties change as training progresses, whether improved stimulus tuning directly links to increased behavioural readout of sensory information, or how population coding mechanisms change with training. Here, we recorded continuously from multiple neuronal clusters in area V4 while macaque monkeys learned a fine contrast categorization task. Training increased neuronal coding abilities by shifting the steepest point of contrast response functions towards the categorization boundary. Population coding accuracy of difficult discriminations resulted largely from an increased information coding of individual channels, particularly for those channels that in early learning had larger ability for easy discriminations, but comparatively small encoding abilities for difficult discriminations. Population coding wa...</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="8f4f6ffd879433280dbf341278793d1f" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":73376033,"asset_id":59468966,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/73376033/download_file?st=MTczMjUwNjkwMyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="59468966"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="59468966"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 59468966; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=59468966]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=59468966]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 59468966; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='59468966']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 59468966, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "8f4f6ffd879433280dbf341278793d1f" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=59468966]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":59468966,"title":"Perceptual learning of fine contrast discrimination changes neuronal tuning and population coding in macaque V4","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"Perceptual learning, the improvement in perceptual abilities with training, is thought to be mediated by an alteration of neuronal tuning. It remains poorly understood how tuning properties change as training progresses, whether improved stimulus tuning directly links to increased behavioural readout of sensory information, or how population coding mechanisms change with training. Here, we recorded continuously from multiple neuronal clusters in area V4 while macaque monkeys learned a fine contrast categorization task. Training increased neuronal coding abilities by shifting the steepest point of contrast response functions towards the categorization boundary. Population coding accuracy of difficult discriminations resulted largely from an increased information coding of individual channels, particularly for those channels that in early learning had larger ability for easy discriminations, but comparatively small encoding abilities for difficult discriminations. Population coding wa...","publication_date":{"day":12,"month":1,"year":2018,"errors":{}},"publication_name":"Nature communications"},"translated_abstract":"Perceptual learning, the improvement in perceptual abilities with training, is thought to be mediated by an alteration of neuronal tuning. It remains poorly understood how tuning properties change as training progresses, whether improved stimulus tuning directly links to increased behavioural readout of sensory information, or how population coding mechanisms change with training. Here, we recorded continuously from multiple neuronal clusters in area V4 while macaque monkeys learned a fine contrast categorization task. Training increased neuronal coding abilities by shifting the steepest point of contrast response functions towards the categorization boundary. Population coding accuracy of difficult discriminations resulted largely from an increased information coding of individual channels, particularly for those channels that in early learning had larger ability for easy discriminations, but comparatively small encoding abilities for difficult discriminations. 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Morphology" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/101725919/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/101090137/The_uropygial_gland_of_the_Great_Cormorant_Phalacrocorax_carbo_I_Morphology">The uropygial gland of the Great Cormorant (Phalacrocorax carbo): I. Morphology</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Journal of Ornithology</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">To further our knowledge of the basis of the wing-spreading behavior of cormorants, we compared t...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">To further our knowledge of the basis of the wing-spreading behavior of cormorants, we compared the feathers of cormorants with a diving and a dabbling duck. Only the cormorant shows the division into a closed vane next to the rhachis and an open vane in the periphery of the feather. Macroscopically, the uropygial gland of the Great Cormorant (Phalacrocorax carbo) is bilobed, the papilla wears circlet feathers of type I. Histologically, the uropygial gland of the cormorant consists of tightly packed glandular tubules separated by internal septa. These tubules can be divided into three zones based on their laminar appearance. They transition into secretion-filled ducts that lead to the papilla. There is no central storage chamber. By contrast, the uropygial gland of the rock pigeon (Columba livia) contains a large central storage chamber, the glandular tissue is limited to the periphery of the gland. Thus, the histological organization of the cormorant uropygial gland is similar to m...</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="f73ed752a8b357e5308a625ee73ef2ad" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":101725919,"asset_id":101090137,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/101725919/download_file?st=MTczMjUwNjkwMyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczMjUwNjkwMiw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="101090137"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="101090137"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 101090137; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=101090137]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=101090137]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 101090137; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='101090137']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 101090137, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "f73ed752a8b357e5308a625ee73ef2ad" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=101090137]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":101090137,"title":"The uropygial gland of the Great Cormorant (Phalacrocorax carbo): I. 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Thus, the histological organization of the cormorant uropygial gland is similar to m...","publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","publication_name":"Journal of Ornithology"},"translated_abstract":"To further our knowledge of the basis of the wing-spreading behavior of cormorants, we compared the feathers of cormorants with a diving and a dabbling duck. Only the cormorant shows the division into a closed vane next to the rhachis and an open vane in the periphery of the feather. Macroscopically, the uropygial gland of the Great Cormorant (Phalacrocorax carbo) is bilobed, the papilla wears circlet feathers of type I. Histologically, the uropygial gland of the cormorant consists of tightly packed glandular tubules separated by internal septa. These tubules can be divided into three zones based on their laminar appearance. They transition into secretion-filled ducts that lead to the papilla. There is no central storage chamber. 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="85598389"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/85598389/Neocortical_pyramidal_neurons_with_axons_emerging_from_dendrites_are_frequent_in_non_primates_but_rare_in_monkey_and_human"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Neocortical pyramidal neurons with axons emerging from dendrites are frequent in non-primates, but rare in monkey and human" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/90246523/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/85598389/Neocortical_pyramidal_neurons_with_axons_emerging_from_dendrites_are_frequent_in_non_primates_but_rare_in_monkey_and_human">Neocortical pyramidal neurons with axons emerging from dendrites are frequent in non-primates, but rare in monkey and human</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">The canonical view of neuronal function is that inputs are received by dendrites and somata, beco...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">The canonical view of neuronal function is that inputs are received by dendrites and somata, become integrated in the somatodendritic compartment and upon reaching a sufficient threshold, generate axonal output with axons emerging from the cell body. The latter is not necessarily the case. Instead, axons may originate from dendrites. The terms “axon carrying dendrite” (AcD) and “AcD neurons” have been coined to describe this feature. Here, we report on the diversity of axon origins in neocortical pyramidal cells. We found that in non-primates (rodent, cat, ferret, pig), 10-21% of pyramidal cells of layers II-VI had an AcD. In marked contrast, in macaque and human, this proportion was lower, and it was particularly low for supragranular neurons. Unexpectedly, pyramidal cells in the white matter of postnatal cat and aged human cortex exhibit AcDs to much higher percentages. 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Although cognitive neuroscience has made great strides in understanding the neural substrates of attention, our understanding of its neuropharmacology is incomplete. Cholinergic and glutamatergic contributions have been demonstrated, but emerging evidence also suggests an important influence of dopamine (DA). DA has historically been investigated in the context of frontal/prefrontal function arguing that dopaminergic receptor density in the posterior/parietal cortex is sparse. However, this notion was derived from rodent data, whereas in primates DA innervation in parietal cortex matches that of many prefrontal areas. We recorded single- and multi-unit activity whilst iontophoretically administering dopaminergic agonists and antagonists to posterior parietal cortex of rhesus macaques engaged in a spatial attention task. 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class="wp-workCard_item"><span>European Journal of Neuroscience</span><span>, 1999</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="4f3c6b103856ce41ff94fcd8cfee5f84" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":90246501,"asset_id":85598307,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/90246501/download_file?st=MTczMjUwNjkwMyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczMjUwNjkwMiw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="85598307"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa 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href="https://www.academia.edu/77014940/Contribution_of_Ionotropic_Glutamatergic_Receptors_to_Excitability_and_Attentional_Signals_in_Macaque_Frontal_Eye_Field">Contribution of Ionotropic Glutamatergic Receptors to Excitability and Attentional Signals in Macaque Frontal Eye Field</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Cerebral Cortex (New York, NY)</span><span>, 2021</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Top-down attention, controlled by frontal cortical areas, is a key component of cognitive operati...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Top-down attention, controlled by frontal cortical areas, is a key component of cognitive operations. How different neurotransmitters and neuromodulators flexibly change the cellular and network interactions with attention demands remains poorly understood. While acetylcholine and dopamine are critically involved, glutamatergic receptors have been proposed to play important roles. To understand their contribution to attentional signals, we investigated how ionotropic glutamatergic receptors in the frontal eye field (FEF) of male macaques contribute to neuronal excitability and attentional control signals in different cell types. Broad-spiking and narrow-spiking cells both required N-methyl-D-aspartic acid and α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid receptor activation for normal excitability, thereby affecting ongoing or stimulus-driven activity. 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However, attentional control signals were not dependent on either glutamatergic receptor type in broad- or narrow-spiking cel...","publisher":"Cerebral cortex","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":2021,"errors":{}},"publication_name":"Cerebral Cortex (New York, NY)"},"translated_abstract":"Top-down attention, controlled by frontal cortical areas, is a key component of cognitive operations. How different neurotransmitters and neuromodulators flexibly change the cellular and network interactions with attention demands remains poorly understood. While acetylcholine and dopamine are critically involved, glutamatergic receptors have been proposed to play important roles. To understand their contribution to attentional signals, we investigated how ionotropic glutamatergic receptors in the frontal eye field (FEF) of male macaques contribute to neuronal excitability and attentional control signals in different cell types. Broad-spiking and narrow-spiking cells both required N-methyl-D-aspartic acid and α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid receptor activation for normal excitability, thereby affecting ongoing or stimulus-driven activity. 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="77014938"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/77014938/Neuronal_Figure_Ground_Responses_in_Primate_Primary_Auditory_Cortex"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Neuronal Figure-Ground Responses in Primate Primary Auditory Cortex" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/84527632/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/77014938/Neuronal_Figure_Ground_Responses_in_Primate_Primary_Auditory_Cortex">Neuronal Figure-Ground Responses in Primate Primary Auditory Cortex</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>SSRN Electronic Journal</span><span>, 2020</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="afb96f2ef468690555d4d4404853ff1d" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":84527632,"asset_id":77014938,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/84527632/download_file?st=MTczMjUwNjkwMyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczMjUwNjkwMiw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="77014938"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="77014938"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 77014938; 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Due to the novelty of transformers being used in this domain along with the selfattention mechanism, it remains unclear to what degree these architectures are robust to corruptions. Despite some works proposing that data augmentation remains essential for a model to be robust against corruptions, we propose to explore the impact that the architecture has on corruption robustness. We find that vision transformer architectures are inherently more robust to corruptions than the ResNet-50 and MLP-Mixers. We also find that vision transformers with 5 times fewer parameters than a ResNet-50 have more shape bias. 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Nature, 418, 845–852. Fan, TX, Weber, AE, Pickard, GE, Faber, KM, and Ariel, M.(1995). Visual...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">... Nature, 418, 845–852. Fan, TX, Weber, AE, Pickard, GE, Faber, KM, and Ariel, M.(1995). Visual responses and connectivity in the turtle pretectum. ... The human accessory optic system. Brain Research, 454, 116–122. Fried, SI, Munch, TA, and Werblin, FS (2002). ...</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="77014936"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="77014936"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 77014936; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=77014936]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=77014936]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 77014936; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='77014936']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 77014936, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=77014936]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":77014936,"title":"The optokinetic reflex","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"... Nature, 418, 845–852. Fan, TX, Weber, AE, Pickard, GE, Faber, KM, and Ariel, M.(1995). Visual responses and connectivity in the turtle pretectum. ... The human accessory optic system. Brain Research, 454, 116–122. Fried, SI, Munch, TA, and Werblin, FS (2002). ...","publisher":"Oxford University Press","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":2011,"errors":{}},"publication_name":"Oxford Handbooks Online"},"translated_abstract":"... Nature, 418, 845–852. Fan, TX, Weber, AE, Pickard, GE, Faber, KM, and Ariel, M.(1995). Visual responses and connectivity in the turtle pretectum. ... The human accessory optic system. Brain Research, 454, 116–122. Fried, SI, Munch, TA, and Werblin, FS (2002). ...","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/77014936/The_optokinetic_reflex","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2022-04-19T20:20:00.693-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":34307847,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[],"slug":"The_optokinetic_reflex","translated_slug":"","page_count":null,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","owner":{"id":34307847,"first_name":"Claudia","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Distler","page_name":"ClaudiaDistler","domain_name":"ruhr-uni-bochum","created_at":"2015-08-27T20:55:48.804-07:00","display_name":"Claudia Distler","url":"https://ruhr-uni-bochum.academia.edu/ClaudiaDistler"},"attachments":[],"research_interests":[],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="77014934"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/77014934/Glia_Cells_of_the_Monkey_Retina_II_M%C3%BCller_Cells"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Glia Cells of the Monkey Retina—II. Müller Cells" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/77014934/Glia_Cells_of_the_Monkey_Retina_II_M%C3%BCller_Cells">Glia Cells of the Monkey Retina—II. Müller Cells</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Vision Research</span><span>, 1996</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">In this paper, for the first time a quantitative description of the morphology and distribution o...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">In this paper, for the first time a quantitative description of the morphology and distribution of Müller cells in the macaque monkey retina using immunohistochemistry and high resolution confocal laser scanning microscopy is given. By their morphological features Müller cells are ideally adapted to their neuronal environment in the various retinal layers, with a dense network of horizontal processes, especially in the inner plexiform layer, and close contacts to neuronal somata especially in the outer nuclear layer and ganglion cell layer. Morphology varies with retinal eccentricity. The thickness of the inner trunk increases significantly with increasing retinal eccentricity. According to the overall thickness of the retina, Müller cells in central retina are longer than in peripheral regions. In the parafoveal region, the outer trunks of Müller cells in the outer plexiform layer are immensely elongated. These Müller fibres can reach lengths of several hundred micrometers as they travel through the outer plexiform layer from the foveal centre towards the foveal border where they enter the inner nuclear layer. Müller cell density varies between 6000 cells/mm2 in far peripheral and peak densities of &amp;gt; 30,000 cells/mm2 in the parafoveal retina. There is a close spatial relationship between Müller cells and blood vessels in the monkey retina, suggesting a role of Müller cells in the formation of the blood-retinal barrier, in the uptake of nutrients and the disposal of metabolites.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="77014934"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="77014934"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 77014934; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=77014934]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=77014934]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 77014934; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='77014934']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 77014934, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=77014934]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":77014934,"title":"Glia Cells of the Monkey Retina—II. Müller Cells","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"In this paper, for the first time a quantitative description of the morphology and distribution of Müller cells in the macaque monkey retina using immunohistochemistry and high resolution confocal laser scanning microscopy is given. By their morphological features Müller cells are ideally adapted to their neuronal environment in the various retinal layers, with a dense network of horizontal processes, especially in the inner plexiform layer, and close contacts to neuronal somata especially in the outer nuclear layer and ganglion cell layer. Morphology varies with retinal eccentricity. The thickness of the inner trunk increases significantly with increasing retinal eccentricity. According to the overall thickness of the retina, Müller cells in central retina are longer than in peripheral regions. In the parafoveal region, the outer trunks of Müller cells in the outer plexiform layer are immensely elongated. These Müller fibres can reach lengths of several hundred micrometers as they travel through the outer plexiform layer from the foveal centre towards the foveal border where they enter the inner nuclear layer. Müller cell density varies between 6000 cells/mm2 in far peripheral and peak densities of \u0026amp;gt; 30,000 cells/mm2 in the parafoveal retina. There is a close spatial relationship between Müller cells and blood vessels in the monkey retina, suggesting a role of Müller cells in the formation of the blood-retinal barrier, in the uptake of nutrients and the disposal of metabolites.","publisher":"Elsevier BV","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":1996,"errors":{}},"publication_name":"Vision Research"},"translated_abstract":"In this paper, for the first time a quantitative description of the morphology and distribution of Müller cells in the macaque monkey retina using immunohistochemistry and high resolution confocal laser scanning microscopy is given. By their morphological features Müller cells are ideally adapted to their neuronal environment in the various retinal layers, with a dense network of horizontal processes, especially in the inner plexiform layer, and close contacts to neuronal somata especially in the outer nuclear layer and ganglion cell layer. Morphology varies with retinal eccentricity. The thickness of the inner trunk increases significantly with increasing retinal eccentricity. According to the overall thickness of the retina, Müller cells in central retina are longer than in peripheral regions. In the parafoveal region, the outer trunks of Müller cells in the outer plexiform layer are immensely elongated. These Müller fibres can reach lengths of several hundred micrometers as they travel through the outer plexiform layer from the foveal centre towards the foveal border where they enter the inner nuclear layer. Müller cell density varies between 6000 cells/mm2 in far peripheral and peak densities of \u0026amp;gt; 30,000 cells/mm2 in the parafoveal retina. There is a close spatial relationship between Müller cells and blood vessels in the monkey retina, suggesting a role of Müller cells in the formation of the blood-retinal barrier, in the uptake of nutrients and the disposal of metabolites.","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/77014934/Glia_Cells_of_the_Monkey_Retina_II_M%C3%BCller_Cells","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2022-04-19T20:20:00.469-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":34307847,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[],"slug":"Glia_Cells_of_the_Monkey_Retina_II_Müller_Cells","translated_slug":"","page_count":null,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","owner":{"id":34307847,"first_name":"Claudia","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Distler","page_name":"ClaudiaDistler","domain_name":"ruhr-uni-bochum","created_at":"2015-08-27T20:55:48.804-07:00","display_name":"Claudia Distler","url":"https://ruhr-uni-bochum.academia.edu/ClaudiaDistler"},"attachments":[],"research_interests":[{"id":12071,"name":"Immunohistochemistry","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Immunohistochemistry"},{"id":18533,"name":"Confocal Microscopy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Confocal_Microscopy"},{"id":19537,"name":"Biometry","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biometry"},{"id":37895,"name":"Immunocytochemistry","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Immunocytochemistry"},{"id":59692,"name":"Vision","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Vision"},{"id":99234,"name":"Animals","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Animals"},{"id":117200,"name":"Retina","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Retina"},{"id":309086,"name":"High Resolution","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/High_Resolution"},{"id":549122,"name":"Confocal Laser Scanning Microscopy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Confocal_Laser_Scanning_Microscopy"},{"id":573267,"name":"Macaca Mulatta","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Macaca_Mulatta"},{"id":584606,"name":"Macaca fascicularis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Macaca_fascicularis"},{"id":956026,"name":"Somatic Cell Count","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Somatic_Cell_Count"},{"id":987444,"name":"Spatial Relationships","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Spatial_Relationships"},{"id":1006816,"name":"Macaque Monkey","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Macaque_Monkey"},{"id":1251210,"name":"Blood Vessel","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Blood_Vessel"},{"id":2796077,"name":"Cell count","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cell_count"},{"id":2922956,"name":"Psychology and Cognitive Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Psychology_and_Cognitive_Sciences"},{"id":3526566,"name":"Blood Retinal Barrier","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Blood_Retinal_Barrier"},{"id":3763225,"name":"Medical and Health Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medical_and_Health_Sciences"},{"id":3900244,"name":"Retinal vessels","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Retinal_vessels"}],"urls":[{"id":19691101,"url":"https://api.elsevier.com/content/article/PII:0042698996000053?httpAccept=text/plain"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="77014516"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/77014516/Glia_Cells_of_the_Monkey_Retina_II_Muller_Cells_I_Astrocytes"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Glia Cells of the Monkey Retina-II. Muller Cells - I. Astrocytes" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/77014516/Glia_Cells_of_the_Monkey_Retina_II_Muller_Cells_I_Astrocytes">Glia Cells of the Monkey Retina-II. Muller Cells - I. Astrocytes</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Vision Research</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="77014516"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="77014516"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 77014516; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=77014516]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=77014516]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 77014516; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='77014516']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 77014516, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=77014516]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":77014516,"title":"Glia Cells of the Monkey Retina-II. 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Astrocytes","translated_title":"","metadata":{"publication_name":"Vision Research"},"translated_abstract":null,"internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/77014516/Glia_Cells_of_the_Monkey_Retina_II_Muller_Cells_I_Astrocytes","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2022-04-19T20:10:36.342-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":34307847,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[],"slug":"Glia_Cells_of_the_Monkey_Retina_II_Muller_Cells_I_Astrocytes","translated_slug":"","page_count":null,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","owner":{"id":34307847,"first_name":"Claudia","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Distler","page_name":"ClaudiaDistler","domain_name":"ruhr-uni-bochum","created_at":"2015-08-27T20:55:48.804-07:00","display_name":"Claudia Distler","url":"https://ruhr-uni-bochum.academia.edu/ClaudiaDistler"},"attachments":[],"research_interests":[{"id":59692,"name":"Vision","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Vision"},{"id":2922956,"name":"Psychology and Cognitive Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Psychology_and_Cognitive_Sciences"},{"id":3763225,"name":"Medical and Health Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medical_and_Health_Sciences"}],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="67464467"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/67464467/Quantitative_analysis_of_visual_receptive_fields_of_neurons_in_nucleus_of_the_optic_tract_and_dorsal_terminal_nucleus_of_the_accessory_optic_tract_in_macaque_monkey"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Quantitative analysis of visual receptive fields of neurons in nucleus of the optic tract and dorsal terminal nucleus of the accessory optic tract in macaque monkey" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/67464467/Quantitative_analysis_of_visual_receptive_fields_of_neurons_in_nucleus_of_the_optic_tract_and_dorsal_terminal_nucleus_of_the_accessory_optic_tract_in_macaque_monkey">Quantitative analysis of visual receptive fields of neurons in nucleus of the optic tract and dorsal terminal nucleus of the accessory optic tract in macaque monkey</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Journal of neurophysiology</span><span>, 1989</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">1. The visual receptive field properties of neurons in the nucleus of the optic tract (NOT) in th...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">1. The visual receptive field properties of neurons in the nucleus of the optic tract (NOT) in the pretectum and the dorsal terminal nucleus (DTN) of the accessory optic tract were analyzed quantitatively in anesthetized, paralyzed macaque monkeys. 2. Visual latencies to reversals in direction of stimulus movement ranged from 40 to 80 ms [61 +/- 13.5 (SD) ms]. 3. All neurons increased their discharge rate during ipsiversive movement and decreased their ongoing activity during contraversive movement of single stimuli or whole-field random dot patterns. The population of neurons in the left NOT-DTN was excited most strongly by leftward movement pointing 4 degrees down; neurons in the right NOT-DTN were excited most strongly by rightward movement pointing 6 degrees down. The mean angle between the directions yielding the highest and the lowest discharge rate in the two populations of NOT-DTN neurons was 177 degrees. 4. The deviation of the preferred excitatory directions from the horiz...</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="67464467"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="67464467"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 67464467; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=67464467]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=67464467]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 67464467; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='67464467']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 67464467, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=67464467]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":67464467,"title":"Quantitative analysis of visual receptive fields of neurons in nucleus of the optic tract and dorsal terminal nucleus of the accessory optic tract in macaque monkey","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"1. The visual receptive field properties of neurons in the nucleus of the optic tract (NOT) in the pretectum and the dorsal terminal nucleus (DTN) of the accessory optic tract were analyzed quantitatively in anesthetized, paralyzed macaque monkeys. 2. Visual latencies to reversals in direction of stimulus movement ranged from 40 to 80 ms [61 +/- 13.5 (SD) ms]. 3. All neurons increased their discharge rate during ipsiversive movement and decreased their ongoing activity during contraversive movement of single stimuli or whole-field random dot patterns. The population of neurons in the left NOT-DTN was excited most strongly by leftward movement pointing 4 degrees down; neurons in the right NOT-DTN were excited most strongly by rightward movement pointing 6 degrees down. The mean angle between the directions yielding the highest and the lowest discharge rate in the two populations of NOT-DTN neurons was 177 degrees. 4. The deviation of the preferred excitatory directions from the horiz...","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":1989,"errors":{}},"publication_name":"Journal of neurophysiology"},"translated_abstract":"1. The visual receptive field properties of neurons in the nucleus of the optic tract (NOT) in the pretectum and the dorsal terminal nucleus (DTN) of the accessory optic tract were analyzed quantitatively in anesthetized, paralyzed macaque monkeys. 2. Visual latencies to reversals in direction of stimulus movement ranged from 40 to 80 ms [61 +/- 13.5 (SD) ms]. 3. All neurons increased their discharge rate during ipsiversive movement and decreased their ongoing activity during contraversive movement of single stimuli or whole-field random dot patterns. The population of neurons in the left NOT-DTN was excited most strongly by leftward movement pointing 4 degrees down; neurons in the right NOT-DTN were excited most strongly by rightward movement pointing 6 degrees down. The mean angle between the directions yielding the highest and the lowest discharge rate in the two populations of NOT-DTN neurons was 177 degrees. 4. The deviation of the preferred excitatory directions from the horiz...","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/67464467/Quantitative_analysis_of_visual_receptive_fields_of_neurons_in_nucleus_of_the_optic_tract_and_dorsal_terminal_nucleus_of_the_accessory_optic_tract_in_macaque_monkey","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2022-01-06T21:59:25.737-08:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":34307847,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[],"slug":"Quantitative_analysis_of_visual_receptive_fields_of_neurons_in_nucleus_of_the_optic_tract_and_dorsal_terminal_nucleus_of_the_accessory_optic_tract_in_macaque_monkey","translated_slug":"","page_count":null,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","owner":{"id":34307847,"first_name":"Claudia","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Distler","page_name":"ClaudiaDistler","domain_name":"ruhr-uni-bochum","created_at":"2015-08-27T20:55:48.804-07:00","display_name":"Claudia Distler","url":"https://ruhr-uni-bochum.academia.edu/ClaudiaDistler"},"attachments":[],"research_interests":[{"id":498,"name":"Physics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Physics"},{"id":5359,"name":"Visual perception","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Visual_perception"},{"id":22272,"name":"Neurophysiology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Neurophysiology"},{"id":26327,"name":"Medicine","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medicine"},{"id":99234,"name":"Animals","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Animals"},{"id":193974,"name":"Neurons","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Neurons"},{"id":573267,"name":"Macaca Mulatta","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Macaca_Mulatta"},{"id":584606,"name":"Macaca fascicularis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Macaca_fascicularis"},{"id":2922956,"name":"Psychology and Cognitive Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Psychology_and_Cognitive_Sciences"},{"id":3763225,"name":"Medical and Health Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medical_and_Health_Sciences"}],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="64889538"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/64889538/Visual_receptive_field_properties_in_kitten_pretectal_nucleus_of_the_optic_tract_and_dorsal_terminal_nucleus_of_the_accessory_optic_tract"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Visual receptive field properties in kitten pretectal nucleus of the optic tract and dorsal terminal nucleus of the accessory optic tract" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/64889538/Visual_receptive_field_properties_in_kitten_pretectal_nucleus_of_the_optic_tract_and_dorsal_terminal_nucleus_of_the_accessory_optic_tract">Visual receptive field properties in kitten pretectal nucleus of the optic tract and dorsal terminal nucleus of the accessory optic tract</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Journal of neurophysiology</span><span>, 1993</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">1. Neurons in the pretectal nucleus of the optic tract (NOT) and dorsal terminal nucleus of the a...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">1. Neurons in the pretectal nucleus of the optic tract (NOT) and dorsal terminal nucleus of the accessory optic tract (DTN) were recorded in anesthetized and paralyzed kittens on postnatal days 18 to 48 (P18-P48) as well as in adult cats. 2. Spontaneous as well as stimulus driven discharge rates of NOT-DTN neurons in the youngest kittens (P18-P23) are significantly lower than in older kittens (P27-P33) or adult cats. 3. Visual latencies of NOT-DTN neurons in P18-P23 kittens are significantly longer than in P27-P33 kittens. They further decrease as the animals reach adulthood. 4. Already in the youngest animals recorded in this experimental series (P18) NOT-DTN neurons were selective for ipsiversive horizontal stimulus movement. When expressed as the difference between response strength during stimulation in the preferred and the nonpreferred direction, P18-P23 NOT-DTN neurons are less direction selective than NOT-DTN cells in older animals. However, the normalized directional tuning...</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="64889538"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="64889538"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 64889538; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=64889538]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=64889538]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 64889538; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='64889538']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 64889538, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=64889538]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":64889538,"title":"Visual receptive field properties in kitten pretectal nucleus of the optic tract and dorsal terminal nucleus of the accessory optic tract","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"1. Neurons in the pretectal nucleus of the optic tract (NOT) and dorsal terminal nucleus of the accessory optic tract (DTN) were recorded in anesthetized and paralyzed kittens on postnatal days 18 to 48 (P18-P48) as well as in adult cats. 2. Spontaneous as well as stimulus driven discharge rates of NOT-DTN neurons in the youngest kittens (P18-P23) are significantly lower than in older kittens (P27-P33) or adult cats. 3. Visual latencies of NOT-DTN neurons in P18-P23 kittens are significantly longer than in P27-P33 kittens. They further decrease as the animals reach adulthood. 4. Already in the youngest animals recorded in this experimental series (P18) NOT-DTN neurons were selective for ipsiversive horizontal stimulus movement. When expressed as the difference between response strength during stimulation in the preferred and the nonpreferred direction, P18-P23 NOT-DTN neurons are less direction selective than NOT-DTN cells in older animals. However, the normalized directional tuning...","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":1993,"errors":{}},"publication_name":"Journal of neurophysiology"},"translated_abstract":"1. Neurons in the pretectal nucleus of the optic tract (NOT) and dorsal terminal nucleus of the accessory optic tract (DTN) were recorded in anesthetized and paralyzed kittens on postnatal days 18 to 48 (P18-P48) as well as in adult cats. 2. Spontaneous as well as stimulus driven discharge rates of NOT-DTN neurons in the youngest kittens (P18-P23) are significantly lower than in older kittens (P27-P33) or adult cats. 3. Visual latencies of NOT-DTN neurons in P18-P23 kittens are significantly longer than in P27-P33 kittens. They further decrease as the animals reach adulthood. 4. Already in the youngest animals recorded in this experimental series (P18) NOT-DTN neurons were selective for ipsiversive horizontal stimulus movement. When expressed as the difference between response strength during stimulation in the preferred and the nonpreferred direction, P18-P23 NOT-DTN neurons are less direction selective than NOT-DTN cells in older animals. However, the normalized directional tuning...","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/64889538/Visual_receptive_field_properties_in_kitten_pretectal_nucleus_of_the_optic_tract_and_dorsal_terminal_nucleus_of_the_accessory_optic_tract","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2021-12-17T11:06:34.828-08:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":34307847,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[],"slug":"Visual_receptive_field_properties_in_kitten_pretectal_nucleus_of_the_optic_tract_and_dorsal_terminal_nucleus_of_the_accessory_optic_tract","translated_slug":"","page_count":null,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","owner":{"id":34307847,"first_name":"Claudia","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Distler","page_name":"ClaudiaDistler","domain_name":"ruhr-uni-bochum","created_at":"2015-08-27T20:55:48.804-07:00","display_name":"Claudia Distler","url":"https://ruhr-uni-bochum.academia.edu/ClaudiaDistler"},"attachments":[],"research_interests":[{"id":5614,"name":"Binocular vision","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Binocular_vision"},{"id":6791,"name":"Aging","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Aging"},{"id":7710,"name":"Biology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biology"},{"id":13493,"name":"Motion perception","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Motion_perception"},{"id":22272,"name":"Neurophysiology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Neurophysiology"},{"id":26327,"name":"Medicine","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medicine"},{"id":41088,"name":"Cats","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cats"},{"id":52176,"name":"Brain Mapping","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Brain_Mapping"},{"id":71422,"name":"Optic Nerve","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Optic_Nerve"},{"id":99234,"name":"Animals","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Animals"},{"id":117200,"name":"Retina","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Retina"},{"id":168209,"name":"Steady State Visual Evoked Potentials","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Steady_State_Visual_Evoked_Potentials"},{"id":193974,"name":"Neurons","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Neurons"},{"id":968586,"name":"Visual Evoked Potentials","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Visual_Evoked_Potentials"},{"id":2922956,"name":"Psychology and Cognitive Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Psychology_and_Cognitive_Sciences"},{"id":3763225,"name":"Medical and Health Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medical_and_Health_Sciences"}],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="64415848"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/64415848/Vergleichende_und_funktionelle_Anatomie_der_Wirbeltiere"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Vergleichende und funktionelle Anatomie der Wirbeltiere" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/64415848/Vergleichende_und_funktionelle_Anatomie_der_Wirbeltiere">Vergleichende und funktionelle Anatomie der Wirbeltiere</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Springer-Lehrbuch</span><span>, 2004</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="64415848"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="64415848"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 64415848; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=64415848]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=64415848]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 64415848; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='64415848']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 64415848, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="59468968"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/59468968/Cell_class_specific_modulation_of_attentional_signals_by_acetylcholine_in_macaque_frontal_eye_field"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Cell class-specific modulation of attentional signals by acetylcholine in macaque frontal eye field" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/73376031/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/59468968/Cell_class_specific_modulation_of_attentional_signals_by_acetylcholine_in_macaque_frontal_eye_field">Cell class-specific modulation of attentional signals by acetylcholine in macaque frontal eye field</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Attention is critical to high-level cognition, and attentional deficits are a hallmark of cogniti...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Attention is critical to high-level cognition, and attentional deficits are a hallmark of cognitive dysfunction. A key transmitter for attentional control is acetylcholine, but its cellular actions in attention-controlling areas remain poorly understood. Here we delineate how muscarinic and nicotinic receptors affect basic neuronal excitability and attentional control signals in different cell types in macaque frontal eye field. We found that broad spiking and narrow spiking cells both require muscarinic and nicotinic receptors for normal excitability, thereby affecting ongoing or stimulus-driven activity. Attentional control signals depended on muscarinic, not nicotinic receptors in broad spiking cells, while they depended on both muscarinic and nicotinic receptors in narrow spiking cells. Cluster analysis revealed that muscarinic and nicotinic effects on attentional control signals were highly selective even for different subclasses of narrow spiking cells and of broad spiking cel...</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="8d1ad7d0d8c0a269eb883ab8019a51f3" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":73376031,"asset_id":59468968,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/73376031/download_file?st=MTczMjUwNjkwMyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczMjUwNjkwMyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="59468968"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="59468968"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 59468968; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=59468968]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=59468968]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 59468968; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='59468968']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 59468968, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "8d1ad7d0d8c0a269eb883ab8019a51f3" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=59468968]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":59468968,"title":"Cell class-specific modulation of attentional signals by acetylcholine in macaque frontal eye field","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"Attention is critical to high-level cognition, and attentional deficits are a hallmark of cognitive dysfunction. A key transmitter for attentional control is acetylcholine, but its cellular actions in attention-controlling areas remain poorly understood. Here we delineate how muscarinic and nicotinic receptors affect basic neuronal excitability and attentional control signals in different cell types in macaque frontal eye field. We found that broad spiking and narrow spiking cells both require muscarinic and nicotinic receptors for normal excitability, thereby affecting ongoing or stimulus-driven activity. Attentional control signals depended on muscarinic, not nicotinic receptors in broad spiking cells, while they depended on both muscarinic and nicotinic receptors in narrow spiking cells. Cluster analysis revealed that muscarinic and nicotinic effects on attentional control signals were highly selective even for different subclasses of narrow spiking cells and of broad spiking cel...","publisher":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences","publication_name":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences"},"translated_abstract":"Attention is critical to high-level cognition, and attentional deficits are a hallmark of cognitive dysfunction. A key transmitter for attentional control is acetylcholine, but its cellular actions in attention-controlling areas remain poorly understood. Here we delineate how muscarinic and nicotinic receptors affect basic neuronal excitability and attentional control signals in different cell types in macaque frontal eye field. We found that broad spiking and narrow spiking cells both require muscarinic and nicotinic receptors for normal excitability, thereby affecting ongoing or stimulus-driven activity. Attentional control signals depended on muscarinic, not nicotinic receptors in broad spiking cells, while they depended on both muscarinic and nicotinic receptors in narrow spiking cells. Cluster analysis revealed that muscarinic and nicotinic effects on attentional control signals were highly selective even for different subclasses of narrow spiking cells and of broad spiking cel...","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/59468968/Cell_class_specific_modulation_of_attentional_signals_by_acetylcholine_in_macaque_frontal_eye_field","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2021-10-22T02:30:33.374-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":34307847,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":73376031,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/73376031/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"fulltext.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/73376031/download_file?st=MTczMjUwNjkwMyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczMjUwNjkwMyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"Cell_class_specific_modulation_of_attent.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/73376031/fulltext-libre.pdf?1634901419=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DCell_class_specific_modulation_of_attent.pdf\u0026Expires=1732510503\u0026Signature=ChwddP2YIZ2e~VKiijuzK4zt0cSS~qBbkXP2acw1q1OuoNI1S84jf~CZtbX~esSbcp5DvcKbpxi7HtUL4yxsF44Qb9rKf-A8krK2pW-dfOoRijoKV6UPNmoqvpFd6jU~j5o0IY9WDzs99M7vjnSRjkZ-5agUNtTCUE0ZaBrQ5CAFlst9GHO-cn6AYjlnUU27EbWHcQ7Glo-GRzxtRUByhYkUo9xcmhlRWgNhH~vNwOt8-fpiMlnRz29qZPy269DqfzYkUeYM0sxJfkgQtMkzJ~m633z9qtQusP87w2Ro9lHQRvYJNaBDqzU98uYS56972Yh5uThrms0fvz4bSNt39w__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"Cell_class_specific_modulation_of_attentional_signals_by_acetylcholine_in_macaque_frontal_eye_field","translated_slug":"","page_count":10,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","owner":{"id":34307847,"first_name":"Claudia","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Distler","page_name":"ClaudiaDistler","domain_name":"ruhr-uni-bochum","created_at":"2015-08-27T20:55:48.804-07:00","display_name":"Claudia Distler","url":"https://ruhr-uni-bochum.academia.edu/ClaudiaDistler"},"attachments":[{"id":73376031,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/73376031/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"fulltext.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/73376031/download_file?st=MTczMjUwNjkwMyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczMjUwNjkwMyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"Cell_class_specific_modulation_of_attent.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/73376031/fulltext-libre.pdf?1634901419=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DCell_class_specific_modulation_of_attent.pdf\u0026Expires=1732510503\u0026Signature=ChwddP2YIZ2e~VKiijuzK4zt0cSS~qBbkXP2acw1q1OuoNI1S84jf~CZtbX~esSbcp5DvcKbpxi7HtUL4yxsF44Qb9rKf-A8krK2pW-dfOoRijoKV6UPNmoqvpFd6jU~j5o0IY9WDzs99M7vjnSRjkZ-5agUNtTCUE0ZaBrQ5CAFlst9GHO-cn6AYjlnUU27EbWHcQ7Glo-GRzxtRUByhYkUo9xcmhlRWgNhH~vNwOt8-fpiMlnRz29qZPy269DqfzYkUeYM0sxJfkgQtMkzJ~m633z9qtQusP87w2Ro9lHQRvYJNaBDqzU98uYS56972Yh5uThrms0fvz4bSNt39w__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":28235,"name":"Multidisciplinary","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Multidisciplinary"}],"urls":[{"id":13528540,"url":"http://www.pnas.org/syndication/doi/10.1073/pnas.1905413116"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="59468967"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/59468967/The_foveal_visual_representation_of_the_primate_superior_colliculus"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of The foveal visual representation of the primate superior colliculus" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/73376017/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/59468967/The_foveal_visual_representation_of_the_primate_superior_colliculus">The foveal visual representation of the primate superior colliculus</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Processing of foveal retinal input is important not only for high quality visual scene analysis, ...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Processing of foveal retinal input is important not only for high quality visual scene analysis, but also for ensuring precise, albeit tiny, gaze shifts during high acuity visual tasks. The representations of foveal retinal input in primate lateral geniculate nucleus and early visual cortices have been characterized. However, how such representations translate into precise eye movements remains unclear. Here we document functional and structural properties of the foveal visual representation of midbrain superior colliculus. We show that superior colliculus, classically associated with extra-foveal spatial representations needed for gaze shifts, is highly sensitive to visual input impinging on the fovea. Superior colliculus also represents such input in an orderly and very specific manner, and it magnifies representation of foveal images in neural tissue as much as primary visual cortex does. Primate superior colliculus contains a high-fidelity visual representation, with large fovea...</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="fedf0578a1f19938aff38b2ca4f37046" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":73376017,"asset_id":59468967,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/73376017/download_file?st=MTczMjUwNjkwMyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczMjUwNjkwMyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="59468967"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="59468967"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 59468967; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=59468967]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=59468967]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 59468967; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='59468967']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 59468967, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "fedf0578a1f19938aff38b2ca4f37046" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=59468967]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":59468967,"title":"The foveal visual representation of the primate superior colliculus","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"Processing of foveal retinal input is important not only for high quality visual scene analysis, but also for ensuring precise, albeit tiny, gaze shifts during high acuity visual tasks. The representations of foveal retinal input in primate lateral geniculate nucleus and early visual cortices have been characterized. However, how such representations translate into precise eye movements remains unclear. Here we document functional and structural properties of the foveal visual representation of midbrain superior colliculus. We show that superior colliculus, classically associated with extra-foveal spatial representations needed for gaze shifts, is highly sensitive to visual input impinging on the fovea. Superior colliculus also represents such input in an orderly and very specific manner, and it magnifies representation of foveal images in neural tissue as much as primary visual cortex does. Primate superior colliculus contains a high-fidelity visual representation, with large fovea...","publisher":"Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory"},"translated_abstract":"Processing of foveal retinal input is important not only for high quality visual scene analysis, but also for ensuring precise, albeit tiny, gaze shifts during high acuity visual tasks. The representations of foveal retinal input in primate lateral geniculate nucleus and early visual cortices have been characterized. However, how such representations translate into precise eye movements remains unclear. Here we document functional and structural properties of the foveal visual representation of midbrain superior colliculus. We show that superior colliculus, classically associated with extra-foveal spatial representations needed for gaze shifts, is highly sensitive to visual input impinging on the fovea. Superior colliculus also represents such input in an orderly and very specific manner, and it magnifies representation of foveal images in neural tissue as much as primary visual cortex does. Primate superior colliculus contains a high-fidelity visual representation, with large fovea...","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/59468967/The_foveal_visual_representation_of_the_primate_superior_colliculus","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2021-10-22T02:30:33.123-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":34307847,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":73376017,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/73376017/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"554121.full.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/73376017/download_file?st=MTczMjUwNjkwMyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczMjUwNjkwMyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"The_foveal_visual_representation_of_the.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/73376017/554121.full-libre.pdf?1634901423=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DThe_foveal_visual_representation_of_the.pdf\u0026Expires=1732510503\u0026Signature=Z3atJDb-SzyxQgPUdo3kdeKZP0qgTmmKeP~0pGXjvbPJgF7mgLv6s5rM9jOa64sdWYvo8psheHP56nL1SdcCZNFM7s3BQI8gSL~ahlFlgJFMhdeNoEKDSH0vDf9hfz~8Sl8i-pdXhqm1oWslrYAmLJDOugqqwzJscgYwQZUKAH6gC7s~cRith129gQZXZAwjipG-YlRws5CzYbxgUhoAfa7GmKgw2GTB8tBWVcvWmYaTyUXw3eKBvpe5NzdwPMh3K0zUuMrOoY00SnS9wsBHRE4DD7TLHIoC4Swmr58gbOmKcHolECOob8Lh9EQIKdhRzH-d5UNuH86re6oYIQWK7g__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"The_foveal_visual_representation_of_the_primate_superior_colliculus","translated_slug":"","page_count":55,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","owner":{"id":34307847,"first_name":"Claudia","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Distler","page_name":"ClaudiaDistler","domain_name":"ruhr-uni-bochum","created_at":"2015-08-27T20:55:48.804-07:00","display_name":"Claudia Distler","url":"https://ruhr-uni-bochum.academia.edu/ClaudiaDistler"},"attachments":[{"id":73376017,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/73376017/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"554121.full.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/73376017/download_file?st=MTczMjUwNjkwMyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczMjUwNjkwMyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"The_foveal_visual_representation_of_the.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/73376017/554121.full-libre.pdf?1634901423=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DThe_foveal_visual_representation_of_the.pdf\u0026Expires=1732510503\u0026Signature=Z3atJDb-SzyxQgPUdo3kdeKZP0qgTmmKeP~0pGXjvbPJgF7mgLv6s5rM9jOa64sdWYvo8psheHP56nL1SdcCZNFM7s3BQI8gSL~ahlFlgJFMhdeNoEKDSH0vDf9hfz~8Sl8i-pdXhqm1oWslrYAmLJDOugqqwzJscgYwQZUKAH6gC7s~cRith129gQZXZAwjipG-YlRws5CzYbxgUhoAfa7GmKgw2GTB8tBWVcvWmYaTyUXw3eKBvpe5NzdwPMh3K0zUuMrOoY00SnS9wsBHRE4DD7TLHIoC4Swmr58gbOmKcHolECOob8Lh9EQIKdhRzH-d5UNuH86re6oYIQWK7g__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[],"urls":[{"id":13528539,"url":"https://syndication.highwire.org/content/doi/10.1101/554121"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="59468966"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/59468966/Perceptual_learning_of_fine_contrast_discrimination_changes_neuronal_tuning_and_population_coding_in_macaque_V4"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Perceptual learning of fine contrast discrimination changes neuronal tuning and population coding in macaque V4" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/73376033/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/59468966/Perceptual_learning_of_fine_contrast_discrimination_changes_neuronal_tuning_and_population_coding_in_macaque_V4">Perceptual learning of fine contrast discrimination changes neuronal tuning and population coding in macaque V4</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Nature communications</span><span>, Jan 12, 2018</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Perceptual learning, the improvement in perceptual abilities with training, is thought to be medi...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Perceptual learning, the improvement in perceptual abilities with training, is thought to be mediated by an alteration of neuronal tuning. It remains poorly understood how tuning properties change as training progresses, whether improved stimulus tuning directly links to increased behavioural readout of sensory information, or how population coding mechanisms change with training. Here, we recorded continuously from multiple neuronal clusters in area V4 while macaque monkeys learned a fine contrast categorization task. Training increased neuronal coding abilities by shifting the steepest point of contrast response functions towards the categorization boundary. Population coding accuracy of difficult discriminations resulted largely from an increased information coding of individual channels, particularly for those channels that in early learning had larger ability for easy discriminations, but comparatively small encoding abilities for difficult discriminations. Population coding wa...</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="8f4f6ffd879433280dbf341278793d1f" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":73376033,"asset_id":59468966,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/73376033/download_file?st=MTczMjUwNjkwMyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczMjUwNjkwMyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="59468966"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="59468966"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 59468966; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=59468966]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=59468966]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 59468966; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='59468966']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 59468966, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "8f4f6ffd879433280dbf341278793d1f" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=59468966]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":59468966,"title":"Perceptual learning of fine contrast discrimination changes neuronal tuning and population coding in macaque V4","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"Perceptual learning, the improvement in perceptual abilities with training, is thought to be mediated by an alteration of neuronal tuning. It remains poorly understood how tuning properties change as training progresses, whether improved stimulus tuning directly links to increased behavioural readout of sensory information, or how population coding mechanisms change with training. Here, we recorded continuously from multiple neuronal clusters in area V4 while macaque monkeys learned a fine contrast categorization task. Training increased neuronal coding abilities by shifting the steepest point of contrast response functions towards the categorization boundary. Population coding accuracy of difficult discriminations resulted largely from an increased information coding of individual channels, particularly for those channels that in early learning had larger ability for easy discriminations, but comparatively small encoding abilities for difficult discriminations. Population coding wa...","publication_date":{"day":12,"month":1,"year":2018,"errors":{}},"publication_name":"Nature communications"},"translated_abstract":"Perceptual learning, the improvement in perceptual abilities with training, is thought to be mediated by an alteration of neuronal tuning. It remains poorly understood how tuning properties change as training progresses, whether improved stimulus tuning directly links to increased behavioural readout of sensory information, or how population coding mechanisms change with training. Here, we recorded continuously from multiple neuronal clusters in area V4 while macaque monkeys learned a fine contrast categorization task. Training increased neuronal coding abilities by shifting the steepest point of contrast response functions towards the categorization boundary. Population coding accuracy of difficult discriminations resulted largely from an increased information coding of individual channels, particularly for those channels that in early learning had larger ability for easy discriminations, but comparatively small encoding abilities for difficult discriminations. 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