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src="/static/images/icons/wikipedia.png" alt="" aria-hidden="true" height="50" width="50"> <span class="mw-logo-container skin-invert"> <img class="mw-logo-wordmark" alt="Wikipedie" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-cs.svg" style="width: 7.5em; height: 1.1875em;"> <img class="mw-logo-tagline" alt="Wikipedie: Otevřená encyklopedie" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-tagline-cs.svg" width="118" height="13" style="width: 7.375em; height: 0.8125em;"> </span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-header-end"> <div id="p-search" role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-collapses vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box-auto-expand-width vector-search-box"> <a href="/wiki/Speci%C3%A1ln%C3%AD:Hled%C3%A1n%C3%AD" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only search-toggle" title="Prohledat tuto wiki [f]" accesskey="f"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-search 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vector-user-links-wide" aria-label="Osobní nástroje"> <div class="vector-user-links-main"> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-preferences" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Vzhled"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="Změnit vzhled velikosti písma, šířky stránky a barvy" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Vzhled" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button 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[o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Přihlášení</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Stránky pro odhlášené editory <a href="/wiki/N%C3%A1pov%C4%9Bda:%C3%9Avod" aria-label="Více informací o editování"><span>dozvědět se více</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Speci%C3%A1ln%C3%AD:Moje_p%C5%99%C3%ADsp%C4%9Bvky" title="Seznam editací provedených z této IP adresy [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Příspěvky</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Speci%C3%A1ln%C3%AD:Moje_diskuse" title="Diskuse o editacích provedených z této IP adresy [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Diskuse</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Projekt"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Obsah" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Obsah</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">přesunout do postranního panelu</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">skrýt</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">(úvod)</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Věrouka" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Věrouka"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Věrouka</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Věrouka-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Tao_te-ťing" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Tao_te-ťing"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Tao te-ťing</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Tao_te-ťing-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Etika_Tao" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Etika_Tao"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Etika Tao</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Etika_Tao-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Principy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Principy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Principy</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Principy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Odkazy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Odkazy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Odkazy</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Odkazy-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Přepnout podsekci Odkazy</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Odkazy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Reference" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Reference"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1</span> <span>Reference</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Reference-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Externí_odkazy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Externí_odkazy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.2</span> <span>Externí odkazy</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Externí_odkazy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Obsah" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Přepnout obsah" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Přepnout obsah</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Taoismus</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Přejděte k článku v jiném jazyce. Je dostupný v 152 jazycích" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-152" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">152 jazyků</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tao%C3%AFsme" title="Taoïsme – afrikánština" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Taoïsme" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="afrikánština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Daoismus" title="Daoismus – němčina (Švýcarsko)" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Daoismus" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="němčina (Švýcarsko)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tao%C3%ADsmo" title="Taoísmo – aragonština" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Taoísmo" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="aragonština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-anp mw-list-item"><a href="https://anp.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%93_%E0%A4%A7%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AE" title="ताओ धर्म – angika" lang="anp" hreflang="anp" data-title="ताओ धर्म" data-language-autonym="अंगिका" data-language-local-name="angika" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>अंगिका</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B7%D8%A7%D9%88%D9%8A%D8%A9" title="طاوية – arabština" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="طاوية" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="arabština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ary mw-list-item"><a href="https://ary.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B7%D8%A7%D9%88%D9%8A%D8%A9" title="طاوية – arabština (marocká)" lang="ary" hreflang="ary" data-title="طاوية" data-language-autonym="الدارجة" data-language-local-name="arabština (marocká)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>الدارجة</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B7%D8%A7%D9%88%D9%8A%D9%87" title="طاويه – arabština (egyptská)" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="طاويه" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="arabština (egyptská)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tao%C3%ADsmu" title="Taoísmu – asturština" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Taoísmu" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="asturština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Daosizm" title="Daosizm – ázerbájdžánština" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Daosizm" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="ázerbájdžánština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%A6%D9%88%D8%A6%DB%8C%D8%B2%D9%85" title="تائوئیزم – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="تائوئیزم" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B0%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%BC" title="Даосизм – baškirština" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Даосизм" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="baškirština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ban mw-list-item"><a href="https://ban.wikipedia.org/wiki/Agama_Tao" title="Agama Tao – balijština" lang="ban" hreflang="ban" data-title="Agama Tao" data-language-autonym="Basa Bali" data-language-local-name="balijština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Basa Bali</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bat-smg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bat-smg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tao%C4%97zmos" title="Taoėzmos – žemaitština" lang="sgs" hreflang="sgs" data-title="Taoėzmos" data-language-autonym="Žemaitėška" data-language-local-name="žemaitština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Žemaitėška</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taoismo" title="Taoismo – Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="Taoismo" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Central Bikol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bikol Central</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B0%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%96%D0%B7%D0%BC" title="Даасізм – běloruština" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Даасізм" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="běloruština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B0%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%96%D0%B7%D0%BC" title="Даасізм – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Даасізм" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B0%D0%BE%D0%B8%D0%B7%D1%8A%D0%BC" title="Даоизъм – bulharština" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Даоизъм" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="bulharština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%A4%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%93%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A6" title="তাওবাদ – bengálština" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="তাওবাদ" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="bengálština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bo mw-list-item"><a href="https://bo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BD%8F%E0%BD%BC%E0%BD%A0%E0%BD%BC%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%85%E0%BD%BC%E0%BD%A0%E0%BD%BC%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%86%E0%BD%BC%E0%BD%A6%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%A3%E0%BD%B4%E0%BD%82%E0%BD%A6%E0%BC%8D" title="ཏོའོ་ཅོའོ་ཆོས་ལུགས། – tibetština" lang="bo" hreflang="bo" data-title="ཏོའོ་ཅོའོ་ཆོས་ལུགས།" data-language-autonym="བོད་ཡིག" data-language-local-name="tibetština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>བོད་ཡིག</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Daoegezh" title="Daoegezh – bretonština" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Daoegezh" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="bretonština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taoizam" title="Taoizam – bosenština" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Taoizam" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="bosenština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-btm mw-list-item"><a href="https://btm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taoisme" title="Taoisme – Batak Mandailing" lang="btm" hreflang="btm" data-title="Taoisme" data-language-autonym="Batak Mandailing" data-language-local-name="Batak Mandailing" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Batak Mandailing</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bxr mw-list-item"><a href="https://bxr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B1%D1%8B%D0%BD_%D1%88%D0%B0%D0%B6%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Бомбын шажан – Russia Buriat" lang="bxr" hreflang="bxr" data-title="Бомбын шажан" data-language-autonym="Буряад" data-language-local-name="Russia Buriat" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Буряад</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taoisme" title="Taoisme – katalánština" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Taoisme" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="katalánština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cdo mw-list-item"><a href="https://cdo.wikipedia.org/wiki/D%C3%B4%CC%A4-g%C3%A1u" title="Dô̤-gáu – Mindong" lang="cdo" hreflang="cdo" data-title="Dô̤-gáu" data-language-autonym="閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄" data-language-local-name="Mindong" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ce mw-list-item"><a href="https://ce.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B0%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%BC" title="Даосизм – čečenština" lang="ce" hreflang="ce" data-title="Даосизм" data-language-autonym="Нохчийн" data-language-local-name="čečenština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Нохчийн</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%88%DB%8C%D8%B2%D9%85" title="تاویزم – kurdština (sorání)" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="تاویزم" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="kurdština (sorání)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B0%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%BC" title="Даосизм – čuvaština" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Даосизм" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="čuvaština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taoaeth" title="Taoaeth – velština" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Taoaeth" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="velština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taoisme" title="Taoisme – dánština" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Taoisme" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="dánština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="dobrý článek"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Daoismus" title="Daoismus – němčina" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Daoismus" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="němčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-diq mw-list-item"><a href="https://diq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taoizm" title="Taoizm – Zazaki" lang="diq" hreflang="diq" data-title="Taoizm" data-language-autonym="Zazaki" data-language-local-name="Zazaki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zazaki</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A4%CE%B1%CE%BF%CF%8A%CF%83%CE%BC%CF%8C%CF%82" title="Ταοϊσμός – řečtina" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Ταοϊσμός" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="řečtina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taoism" title="Taoism – angličtina" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Taoism" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="angličtina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taoismo" title="Taoismo – esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Taoismo" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tao%C3%ADsmo" title="Taoísmo – španělština" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Taoísmo" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="španělština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taoism" title="Taoism – estonština" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Taoism" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="estonština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taoismo" title="Taoismo – baskičtina" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Taoismo" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="baskičtina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%A6%D9%88%D8%A6%DB%8C%D8%B3%D9%85" title="تائوئیسم – perština" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="تائوئیسم" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="perština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taolaisuus" title="Taolaisuus – finština" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Taolaisuus" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="finština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fiu-vro mw-list-item"><a href="https://fiu-vro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taoism" title="Taoism – võruština" lang="vro" hreflang="vro" data-title="Taoism" data-language-autonym="Võro" data-language-local-name="võruština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Võro</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fo mw-list-item"><a href="https://fo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taoisma" title="Taoisma – faerština" lang="fo" hreflang="fo" data-title="Taoisma" data-language-autonym="Føroyskt" data-language-local-name="faerština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Føroyskt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tao%C3%AFsme" title="Taoïsme – francouzština" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Taoïsme" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="francouzština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frp mw-list-item"><a href="https://frp.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ta%C3%B4ismo" title="Taôismo – franko-provensálština" lang="frp" hreflang="frp" data-title="Taôismo" data-language-autonym="Arpetan" data-language-local-name="franko-provensálština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Arpetan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Daoismus" title="Daoismus – fríština (severní)" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Daoismus" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="fríština (severní)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fur mw-list-item"><a href="https://fur.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taoisim" title="Taoisim – furlanština" lang="fur" hreflang="fur" data-title="Taoisim" data-language-autonym="Furlan" data-language-local-name="furlanština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Furlan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tao%C3%AFsme" title="Taoïsme – fríština (západní)" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Taoïsme" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="fríština (západní)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taochas" title="Taochas – irština" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Taochas" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="irština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gan mw-list-item"><a href="https://gan.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%81%93%E6%95%99" title="道教 – čínština (dialekty Gan)" lang="gan" hreflang="gan" data-title="道教" data-language-autonym="贛語" data-language-local-name="čínština (dialekty Gan)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>贛語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gcr mw-list-item"><a href="https://gcr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tao%C3%AFsm" title="Taoïsm – Guianan Creole" lang="gcr" hreflang="gcr" data-title="Taoïsm" data-language-autonym="Kriyòl gwiyannen" data-language-local-name="Guianan Creole" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kriyòl gwiyannen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tao%C3%ADsmo" title="Taoísmo – galicijština" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Taoísmo" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="galicijština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gn mw-list-item"><a href="https://gn.wikipedia.org/wiki/T%C3%A1o_mbo%27e" title="Táo mbo'e – guaranština" lang="gn" hreflang="gn" data-title="Táo mbo'e" data-language-autonym="Avañe'ẽ" data-language-local-name="guaranština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Avañe'ẽ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gu mw-list-item"><a href="https://gu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AA%A4%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%93_%E0%AA%A7%E0%AA%B0%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%AE" title="તાઓ ધર્મ – gudžarátština" lang="gu" hreflang="gu" data-title="તાઓ ધર્મ" data-language-autonym="ગુજરાતી" data-language-local-name="gudžarátština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ગુજરાતી</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ha mw-list-item"><a href="https://ha.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taoism" title="Taoism – hauština" lang="ha" hreflang="ha" data-title="Taoism" data-language-autonym="Hausa" data-language-local-name="hauština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hausa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hak mw-list-item"><a href="https://hak.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tho-kau" title="Tho-kau – čínština (dialekty Hakka)" lang="hak" hreflang="hak" data-title="Tho-kau" data-language-autonym="客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî" data-language-local-name="čínština (dialekty Hakka)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%93%D7%90%D7%95%D7%90%D7%99%D7%96%D7%9D" title="דאואיזם – hebrejština" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="דאואיזם" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="hebrejština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%93_%E0%A4%A7%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AE" title="ताओ धर्म – hindština" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="ताओ धर्म" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="hindština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hif mw-list-item"><a href="https://hif.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taoism" title="Taoism – hindština (Fidži)" lang="hif" hreflang="hif" data-title="Taoism" data-language-autonym="Fiji Hindi" data-language-local-name="hindština (Fidži)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Fiji Hindi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taoizam" title="Taoizam – chorvatština" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Taoizam" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="chorvatština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taoizmus" title="Taoizmus – maďarština" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Taoizmus" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="maďarština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B4%D5%A1%D5%B8%D5%BD%D5%A1%D5%AF%D5%A1%D5%B6%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%A9%D5%B5%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%B6" title="Դաոսականություն – arménština" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Դաոսականություն" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="arménština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taoismo" title="Taoismo – interlingua" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Taoismo" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="interlingua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taoisme" title="Taoisme – indonéština" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Taoisme" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indonéština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ig mw-list-item"><a href="https://ig.wikipedia.org/wiki/Okpukpe_Tao" title="Okpukpe Tao – igboština" lang="ig" hreflang="ig" data-title="Okpukpe Tao" data-language-autonym="Igbo" data-language-local-name="igboština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Igbo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ilo mw-list-item"><a href="https://ilo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taoismo" title="Taoismo – ilokánština" lang="ilo" hreflang="ilo" data-title="Taoismo" data-language-autonym="Ilokano" data-language-local-name="ilokánština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ilokano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taoismo" title="Taoismo – ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Taoismo" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Daoismi" title="Daoismi – islandština" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Daoismi" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="islandština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taoismo" title="Taoismo – italština" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Taoismo" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="italština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="dobrý článek"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%81%93%E6%95%99" title="道教 – japonština" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="道教" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japonština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jam mw-list-item"><a href="https://jam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dowizim" title="Dowizim – jamajská kreolština" lang="jam" hreflang="jam" data-title="Dowizim" data-language-autonym="Patois" data-language-local-name="jamajská kreolština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Patois</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taoisme" title="Taoisme – javánština" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Taoisme" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="javánština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%93%E1%83%90%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A1%E1%83%98%E1%83%96%E1%83%9B%E1%83%98" title="დაოსიზმი – gruzínština" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="დაოსიზმი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="gruzínština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kbp mw-list-item"><a href="https://kbp.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tao_%C5%8Bgb%C9%9By%C9%9B_t%C9%A9naa_l%C9%A9ma%C9%A3z%C9%A9y%C9%9B" title="Tao ŋgbɛyɛ tɩnaa lɩmaɣzɩyɛ – Kabiye" lang="kbp" hreflang="kbp" data-title="Tao ŋgbɛyɛ tɩnaa lɩmaɣzɩyɛ" data-language-autonym="Kabɩyɛ" data-language-local-name="Kabiye" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kabɩyɛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kcg mw-list-item"><a href="https://kcg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Khwitawo" title="Khwitawo – tyap" lang="kcg" hreflang="kcg" data-title="Khwitawo" data-language-autonym="Tyap" data-language-local-name="tyap" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tyap</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B0%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%BC" title="Даосизм – kazaština" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Даосизм" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="kazaština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kl mw-list-item"><a href="https://kl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taoisme" title="Taoisme – grónština" lang="kl" hreflang="kl" data-title="Taoisme" data-language-autonym="Kalaallisut" data-language-local-name="grónština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kalaallisut</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-km mw-list-item"><a href="https://km.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%9E%9F%E1%9E%B6%E1%9E%9F%E1%9E%93%E1%9E%B6%E1%9E%8F%E1%9E%B6%E1%9E%9C" title="សាសនាតាវ – khmérština" lang="km" hreflang="km" data-title="សាសនាតាវ" data-language-autonym="ភាសាខ្មែរ" data-language-local-name="khmérština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ភាសាខ្មែរ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%9F%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%B5%E0%B3%8A_%E0%B2%A4%E0%B2%A4%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%A4%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%B5" title="ಟಾವೊ ತತ್ತ್ವ – kannadština" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಟಾವೊ ತತ್ತ್ವ" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="kannadština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%8F%84%EA%B5%90" title="도교 – korejština" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="도교" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="korejština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tao%C3%AEzm" title="Taoîzm – kurdština" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Taoîzm" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="kurdština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kw mw-list-item"><a href="https://kw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taoieth" title="Taoieth – kornština" lang="kw" hreflang="kw" data-title="Taoieth" data-language-autonym="Kernowek" data-language-local-name="kornština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kernowek</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B0%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%BC" title="Даосизм – kyrgyzština" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Даосизм" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="kyrgyzština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taoismus" title="Taoismus – latina" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Taoismus" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="latina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lad mw-list-item"><a href="https://lad.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taoizmo" title="Taoizmo – ladinština" lang="lad" hreflang="lad" data-title="Taoizmo" data-language-autonym="Ladino" data-language-local-name="ladinština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ladino</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Daoismus" title="Daoismus – lucemburština" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Daoismus" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="lucemburština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lfn mw-list-item"><a href="https://lfn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dauisme" title="Dauisme – lingua franca nova" lang="lfn" hreflang="lfn" data-title="Dauisme" data-language-autonym="Lingua Franca Nova" data-language-local-name="lingua franca nova" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingua Franca Nova</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tao%C3%AFsme" title="Taoïsme – limburština" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Taoïsme" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="limburština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lld mw-list-item"><a href="https://lld.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taoism" title="Taoism – Ladin" lang="lld" hreflang="lld" data-title="Taoism" data-language-autonym="Ladin" data-language-local-name="Ladin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ladin</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taoismo" title="Taoismo – lombardština" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Taoismo" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="lombardština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Daoizmas" title="Daoizmas – litevština" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Daoizmas" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="litevština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Daoisms" title="Daoisms – lotyština" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Daoisms" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="lotyština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ta%C3%B4isma" title="Taôisma – malgaština" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Taôisma" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="malgaština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B0%D0%BE%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%BC" title="Таоизам – makedonština" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Таоизам" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="makedonština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%A4%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%B5%E0%B5%8B%E0%B4%AF%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%B8%E0%B4%82" title="താവോയിസം – malajálamština" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="താവോയിസം" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="malajálamština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D1%83%D0%BC%D0%B1%D1%8B%D0%BD_%D1%88%D0%B0%D1%88%D0%B8%D0%BD" title="Бумбын шашин – mongolština" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Бумбын шашин" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="mongolština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%93_%E0%A4%A7%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AE" title="ताओ धर्म – maráthština" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="ताओ धर्म" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="maráthština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taoisme" title="Taoisme – malajština" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Taoisme" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="malajština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mwl mw-list-item"><a href="https://mwl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tao%C3%ADsmo" title="Taoísmo – mirandština" lang="mwl" hreflang="mwl" data-title="Taoísmo" data-language-autonym="Mirandés" data-language-local-name="mirandština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Mirandés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%90%E1%80%AC%E1%80%A1%E1%80%AD%E1%80%AF%E1%80%98%E1%80%AC%E1%80%9E%E1%80%AC" title="တာအိုဘာသာ – barmština" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="တာအိုဘာသာ" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="barmština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Daoismus" title="Daoismus – dolnoněmčina" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Daoismus" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="dolnoněmčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%93_%E0%A4%A7%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AE" title="ताओ धर्म – nepálština" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="ताओ धर्म" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="nepálština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-new mw-list-item"><a href="https://new.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%93_%E0%A4%A7%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AE" title="ताओ धर्म – névárština" lang="new" hreflang="new" data-title="ताओ धर्म" data-language-autonym="नेपाल भाषा" data-language-local-name="névárština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाल भाषा</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tao%C3%AFsme" title="Taoïsme – nizozemština" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Taoïsme" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="nizozemština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taoisme" title="Taoisme – norština (nynorsk)" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Taoisme" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="norština (nynorsk)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taoisme" title="Taoisme – norština (bokmål)" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Taoisme" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="norština (bokmål)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tao%C3%AFsme" title="Taoïsme – okcitánština" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Taoïsme" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="okcitánština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%A4%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%93%E0%A8%B5%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%A6" title="ਤਾਓਵਾਦ – paňdžábština" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਤਾਓਵਾਦ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="paňdžábština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pcd mw-list-item"><a href="https://pcd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tao%C3%AFme" title="Taoïme – picardština" lang="pcd" hreflang="pcd" data-title="Taoïme" data-language-autonym="Picard" data-language-local-name="picardština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Picard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taoizm" title="Taoizm – polština" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Taoizm" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="polština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pms mw-list-item"><a href="https://pms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taoism" title="Taoism – piemonština" lang="pms" hreflang="pms" data-title="Taoism" data-language-autonym="Piemontèis" data-language-local-name="piemonština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Piemontèis</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%A4_%D9%85%D8%AA" title="تاؤ مت – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="تاؤ مت" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taoismo" title="Taoismo – portugalština" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Taoismo" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugalština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taoism" title="Taoism – rumunština" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Taoism" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="rumunština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B0%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%BC" title="Даосизм – ruština" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Даосизм" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="ruština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rue mw-list-item"><a href="https://rue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B0%D0%BE%D1%96%D0%B7%D0%BC" title="Таоізм – rusínština" lang="rue" hreflang="rue" data-title="Таоізм" data-language-autonym="Русиньскый" data-language-local-name="rusínština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русиньскый</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B0%D0%BE%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%BC" title="Таоизм – jakutština" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="Таоизм" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="jakutština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Саха тыла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sat mw-list-item"><a href="https://sat.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%B1%9B%E1%B1%9F%E1%B1%A3_%E1%B1%AB%E1%B1%B7%E1%B1%9A%E1%B1%A8%E1%B1%9A%E1%B1%A2" title="ᱛᱟᱣ ᱫᱷᱚᱨᱚᱢ – santálština" lang="sat" hreflang="sat" data-title="ᱛᱟᱣ ᱫᱷᱚᱨᱚᱢ" data-language-autonym="ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ" data-language-local-name="santálština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tauismu" title="Tauismu – sicilština" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Tauismu" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="sicilština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taoism" title="Taoism – skotština" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Taoism" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="skotština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taoizam" title="Taoizam – srbochorvatština" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Taoizam" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="srbochorvatština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taoism" title="Taoism – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Taoism" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taoizmus" title="Taoizmus – slovenština" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Taoizmus" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="slovenština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Daoizem" title="Daoizem – slovinština" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Daoizem" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="slovinština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sn mw-list-item"><a href="https://sn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Utao" title="Utao – šonština" lang="sn" hreflang="sn" data-title="Utao" data-language-autonym="ChiShona" data-language-local-name="šonština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ChiShona</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-so mw-list-item"><a href="https://so.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tayoismi" title="Tayoismi – somálština" lang="so" hreflang="so" data-title="Tayoismi" data-language-autonym="Soomaaliga" data-language-local-name="somálština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Soomaaliga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taoismi" title="Taoismi – albánština" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Taoismi" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="albánština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B0%D0%BE%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%BC" title="Таоизам – srbština" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Таоизам" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="srbština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Daoism" title="Daoism – švédština" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Daoism" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="švédština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Utao" title="Utao – svahilština" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Utao" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="svahilština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%A4%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%B5%E0%AF%8B%E0%AE%AF%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%AF%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%8D" title="தாவோயியம் – tamilština" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="தாவோயியம்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="tamilština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%9F%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%B5%E0%B1%8B%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%9C%E0%B0%82" title="టావోయిజం – telugština" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="టావోయిజం" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="telugština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B0%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%BC" title="Даосизм – tádžičtina" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Даосизм" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="tádžičtina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%98%E0%B8%B4%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%95%E0%B9%8B%E0%B8%B2" title="ลัทธิเต๋า – thajština" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ลัทธิเต๋า" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="thajština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taoismo" title="Taoismo – tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Taoismo" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taoizm" title="Taoizm – turečtina" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Taoizm" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="turečtina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B0%D0%BE%D1%87%D1%8B%D0%BB%D1%8B%D0%BA" title="Даочылык – tatarština" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Даочылык" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="tatarština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tyv mw-list-item"><a href="https://tyv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B0%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%BC" title="Даосизм – tuvinština" lang="tyv" hreflang="tyv" data-title="Даосизм" data-language-autonym="Тыва дыл" data-language-local-name="tuvinština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тыва дыл</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ug mw-list-item"><a href="https://ug.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AF%D8%A7%DB%8B%D8%AC%D9%8A%D8%A7%DB%8B_%D8%AF%D9%89%D9%86%D9%89" title="داۋجياۋ دىنى – ujgurština" lang="ug" hreflang="ug" data-title="داۋجياۋ دىنى" data-language-autonym="ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche" data-language-local-name="ujgurština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B0%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%BC" title="Даосизм – ukrajinština" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Даосизм" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ukrajinština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%A4_%D9%85%D8%AA" title="تاؤ مت – urdština" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="تاؤ مت" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="urdština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Daosizm" title="Daosizm – uzbečtina" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Daosizm" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="uzbečtina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%90%E1%BA%A1o_gi%C3%A1o" title="Đạo giáo – vietnamština" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Đạo giáo" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="vietnamština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wa mw-list-item"><a href="https://wa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tawoyisse" title="Tawoyisse – valonština" lang="wa" hreflang="wa" data-title="Tawoyisse" 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id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="cs" dir="ltr"><figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Soubor:%E4%BA%8C%E7%8E%8B%E5%BA%99%E5%86%85%E6%AE%BF.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/%E4%BA%8C%E7%8E%8B%E5%BA%99%E5%86%85%E6%AE%BF.jpg/220px-%E4%BA%8C%E7%8E%8B%E5%BA%99%E5%86%85%E6%AE%BF.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/%E4%BA%8C%E7%8E%8B%E5%BA%99%E5%86%85%E6%AE%BF.jpg/330px-%E4%BA%8C%E7%8E%8B%E5%BA%99%E5%86%85%E6%AE%BF.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/%E4%BA%8C%E7%8E%8B%E5%BA%99%E5%86%85%E6%AE%BF.jpg/440px-%E4%BA%8C%E7%8E%8B%E5%BA%99%E5%86%85%E6%AE%BF.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3707" data-file-height="2482" /></a><figcaption>Taoistický chrám v čínském <a href="/wiki/S%E2%80%99-%C4%8Dchuan" title="S’-čchuan">S’-čchuanu</a></figcaption></figure> <p><b>Taoismus</b> (někdy psaný jako <b>daoismus</b>) je <a href="/wiki/Filozofie" title="Filozofie">filozofická škola</a> <a href="/wiki/%C4%8C%C3%ADna" title="Čína">čínského</a> původu. Někdy je chápán i jako <a href="/wiki/N%C3%A1bo%C5%BEenstv%C3%AD" title="Náboženství">náboženství</a> (v čínštině se taoistické náboženství označuje pojmem <i>tao-ťiao</i>, kdežto filozofické učení mírně odlišným pojmem <i>tao-ťia</i>, v češtině ani jiných jazycích se ovšem tyto pojmy neodlišují).<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Jádrem filozofie i uctívání je princip <i>tao</i> (v původním významu "cesta"), který je pro taoisty zdrojem, vzorem a podstatou všeho, co existuje. Taoisté věří, že lze dosáhnout stavu dokonalosti, když se s rytmy a cykly <i>tao</i> synchronizují. Taoistická etika se liší v závislosti na konkrétní škole, ale důraz je kladen zejména na "tři poklady": soucit, úspornost a pokoru.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Důležitý je též koncept <i>wu wej</i>, který je znám i v <a href="/wiki/Konfucianismus" title="Konfucianismus">konfucianismu</a>, a který nabádá k volně plynoucí spontánnosti ("čin bez námahy a úmyslu") vyvěrající z osobní harmonie (u taoistů ze sladění s <i>tao</i>).<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Kořeny taoismu sahají minimálně do 4. století před naším letopočtem. Zásadní vliv na jeho vznik měla kniha <a href="/wiki/Tao_Te_%C5%A5ing" title="Tao Te ťing"><i>Tao te ťing</i></a> (Kniha o cestě a <a href="/wiki/Ctnost" title="Ctnost">ctnosti</a>), která je připisována učenci <a href="/wiki/Lao-c%E2%80%99" title="Lao-c’">Lao C'</a>. Raný taoismus byl též ovlivněn filozofem <a href="/wiki/%C4%8Cuang-c%27" title="Čuang-c'">Čuang-c'</a> (autorem stejnojmenného textu, který je druhým nejdůležitějším v taoismu)<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>, filozofem <a href="/wiki/S%C3%BCn-c%E2%80%99" title="Sün-c’">Sün-c’</a><sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>, čínskou naturalistickou školou, která rozpracovala filozofii <a href="/wiki/Jin_a_jang" title="Jin a jang">jinu a jangu</a>, a učením <a href="/w/index.php?title=%C5%A0en_Pu-chaj&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Šen Pu-chaj (stránka neexistuje)">Šen Pu-chaje</a>, který rozvinul koncept <i>wu wej</i>. Taoismus měl v průběhu staletí hluboký vliv na čínskou kulturu a hluboce do ní prorostl, takže získal i své lidové formy. Taoističtí duchovní, tzv. Mistři Tao (<i>tao-š'</i>), nicméně striktně oddělují "pravý taoismus" od různých rituálů <a href="/wiki/%C4%8C%C3%ADnsk%C3%A9_lidov%C3%A9_n%C3%A1bo%C5%BEenstv%C3%AD" title="Čínské lidové náboženství">čínského lidového náboženství</a>, které byly taoismem ovlivněny. Zřetelný vliv měl taoismus též na tradici <a href="/wiki/Zen" title="Zen">zenu</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=%C4%8C%C3%ADnsk%C3%A1_alchymie&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Čínská alchymie (stránka neexistuje)">čínskou alchymii</a> (zejména <a href="/w/index.php?title=Nej-tan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nej-tan (stránka neexistuje)">nej-tan</a>), <a href="/w/index.php?title=%C4%8C%C3%ADnsk%C3%A1_astrologie&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Čínská astrologie (stránka neexistuje)">čínskou astrologii</a>, několik bojových umění, <a href="/wiki/Tradi%C4%8Dn%C3%AD_%C4%8D%C3%ADnsk%C3%A1_medic%C3%ADna" title="Tradiční čínská medicína">tradiční čínskou medicínu</a>, <a href="/wiki/Feng-%C5%A1uej" title="Feng-šuej">feng-šuej</a> a mnoho stylů cvičení <a href="/wiki/%C4%8Cchi-kung" title="Čchi-kung">čchi-kung</a>. Taoistická tradice je dnes jednou z pěti náboženských doktrín oficiálně uznaných a do jisté míry podporovaných <a href="/wiki/%C4%8C%C3%ADna" title="Čína">Čínskou lidovou republikou</a>, v rámci obrany proti cizím kulturním vlivům a novým náboženským hnutím.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Je také hlavním náboženstvím na <a href="/wiki/Tchaj-wan" title="Tchaj-wan">Tchaj-wanu</a> a značný vliv si uchovává v <a href="/wiki/Jihov%C3%BDchodn%C3%AD_Asie" title="Jihovýchodní Asie">jihovýchodní Asii</a>. Taoismus ovšem ve 20. století silně ovlivnil i západní svět, byl jím ovlivněn například <a href="/wiki/Carl_Gustav_Jung" title="Carl Gustav Jung">Carl Gustav Jung</a><sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>, hnutí <a href="/wiki/New_Age" title="New Age">new age</a> a jeho představitel <a href="/wiki/Fritjof_Capra" title="Fritjof Capra">Fritjof Capra</a>, nebo tzv. <a href="/wiki/Hlubinn%C3%A1_ekologie" title="Hlubinná ekologie">hlubinná ekologie</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Věrouka"><span id="V.C4.9Brouka"></span>Věrouka</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Taoismus&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Editace sekce: Věrouka" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editovat</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Taoismus&action=edit&section=1" title="Editovat zdrojový kód sekce Věrouka"><span>editovat zdroj</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Soubor:Tao.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/Tao.svg/110px-Tao.svg.png" decoding="async" width="110" height="107" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/Tao.svg/165px-Tao.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/Tao.svg/220px-Tao.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="497" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/%C4%8C%C3%ADnsk%C3%BD_znak" class="mw-redirect" title="Čínský znak">Čínský znak</a> <i>Tào</i> nebo <i>Dào</i> (cesta).</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Soubor:Pakua_with_frame.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/Pakua_with_frame.svg/110px-Pakua_with_frame.svg.png" decoding="async" width="110" height="110" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/Pakua_with_frame.svg/165px-Pakua_with_frame.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/Pakua_with_frame.svg/220px-Pakua_with_frame.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="473" data-file-height="473" /></a><figcaption>Symbol <a href="/wiki/Jin_a_jang" title="Jin a jang">Jin a jang</a> s osmi hexagramy z <a href="/wiki/I-%C5%A5ing" title="I-ťing">I-ťingu</a></figcaption></figure> <p>Dle <a href="/wiki/Tao_Te_%C5%A5ing" title="Tao Te ťing">Tao Te ťing</a> platí, že <a href="/wiki/Tao" class="mw-disambig" title="Tao">Tao</a> plodí <i>jedno</i> (jednotu, harmonii). <i>Jedno</i> plodí <i>dvě</i> (<a href="/wiki/Protiklad" class="mw-redirect" title="Protiklad">protiklady</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jin" class="mw-redirect" title="Jin">jin</a> <a href="/wiki/Jang" class="mw-disambig" title="Jang">jang</a>). <i>Dvě</i> plodí <i>tři</i> (<a href="/wiki/Nebesa_(%C4%8C%C3%ADna)" title="Nebesa (Čína)">Nebesa</a>, <a href="/wiki/Zem%C4%9B" title="Země">Zemi</a> a mudrce). <i>Tři</i> plodí všechny věci. Tao te ťing je také praktickou a mnohdy vtipnou „příručkou“ pro <a href="/wiki/Panovn%C3%ADk" title="Panovník">vládce</a> jak rozumně spravovat zemi ("<i>Moudrý muž vyprazdňuje jejich (lidu) srdce (jako sídlo vášní a emocí) a naplňuje jejich mysl (V doslovném překladu břicho, to je ale v čínské mytologii nositelem mysli/ducha) - zpevňuje jejich kosti a zbavuje lid vášní</i>"). Nebesa určují řád Zemi a pojítkem mezi nebem a zemí je vládce, který by měl být mudrcem. </p><p>K pochopení taoismu je zapotřebí především pochopení „čínského myšlení“. To je postaveno na několika principech: </p> <ul><li>Svět je v neustálém pohybu</li> <li>Stálost neexistuje</li> <li>Detail nelze oddělit od celku</li> <li>Celek nelze oddělit od detailu</li> <li>Protiklady harmonizují krajnosti</li></ul> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Soubor:Zhang_Lu-Laozi_Riding_an_Ox.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e8/Zhang_Lu-Laozi_Riding_an_Ox.jpg/130px-Zhang_Lu-Laozi_Riding_an_Ox.jpg" decoding="async" width="130" height="237" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e8/Zhang_Lu-Laozi_Riding_an_Ox.jpg/195px-Zhang_Lu-Laozi_Riding_an_Ox.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e8/Zhang_Lu-Laozi_Riding_an_Ox.jpg/260px-Zhang_Lu-Laozi_Riding_an_Ox.jpg 2x" data-file-width="926" data-file-height="1688" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Lao-c%E2%80%99" title="Lao-c’">Lao-c’</a></figcaption></figure> <p>Lidové náboženství uctívalo mnoho <a href="/wiki/Polyteismus" title="Polyteismus">bohů</a>. Také díky němu se taoismus začal měnit v <a href="/wiki/N%C3%A1bo%C5%BEenstv%C3%AD" title="Náboženství">náboženský systém</a>. Uctíval hvězdné bohy (viz <a href="/wiki/Pantheon" title="Pantheon">panteon</a>) a spravoval i vlastní <a href="/wiki/C%C3%ADrkev" title="Církev">církve</a>. </p><p>Nad všemi hvězdnými bohy stojí <a href="/wiki/Nefritov%C3%BD_c%C3%ADsa%C5%99" title="Nefritový císař">Nefritový císař</a> (<a href="/wiki/Pchin-jin" title="Pchin-jin">pinyin</a>: (<a href="/w/index.php?title=J%C3%BC-Chuang&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jü-Chuang (stránka neexistuje)">Jü-Chuang</a>) nebo (<a href="/w/index.php?title=J%C3%BC-Ti&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jü-Ti (stránka neexistuje)">Jü-Ti</a>)). Pod ním trojice <a href="/wiki/Stvo%C5%99itel" class="mw-redirect" title="Stvořitel">stvořitelských</a> bohů <a href="/w/index.php?title=T%C5%99i_%C4%8Distoty&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tři čistoty (stránka neexistuje)">Tři čistoty</a> (<a href="/wiki/Pchin-jin" title="Pchin-jin">pinyin</a>: (<a href="/w/index.php?title=San-%C4%8Cching&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="San-Čching (stránka neexistuje)">San-Čching</a>)). </p><p>Významnou roli hraje také <a href="/wiki/Osm_nesmrteln%C3%BDch" title="Osm nesmrtelných">Osm nesmrtelných</a> (<i>Pa-sien</i>). Mezi nejuctívanější bohy patří <a href="/wiki/Kuan-jin" title="Kuan-jin">Kuan-jin</a> (bohyně soucitu) nebo <a href="/w/index.php?title=Cao-wang&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Cao-wang (stránka neexistuje)">Cao-wang</a>, (ochránce domácího krbu). </p><p>V taoismu také nalezneme prvky <a href="/wiki/Magie" title="Magie">magie</a>, <a href="/wiki/Alchymie" title="Alchymie">alchymie</a> a <a href="/wiki/%C5%A0amanismus" title="Šamanismus">šamanismu</a>, ze kterého také vzešel. Náboženský taoismus (<i>tao t'iao</i>) měl největší rozkvět v <a href="/wiki/6._stolet%C3%AD" title="6. století">6</a>.-<a href="/wiki/8._stolet%C3%AD" title="8. století">8. století</a>. V dnešní době najdeme náboženský taoismus zejména na <a href="/wiki/Tchaj-wan" title="Tchaj-wan">Tchaj-wanu</a>. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Soubor:GZ_FS_Prayers_2.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/GZ_FS_Prayers_2.jpg/170px-GZ_FS_Prayers_2.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="128" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/GZ_FS_Prayers_2.jpg/255px-GZ_FS_Prayers_2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/GZ_FS_Prayers_2.jpg/340px-GZ_FS_Prayers_2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="768" /></a><figcaption>Věřící v taoistickém chrámu ve <a href="/wiki/Fo-%C5%A1an" title="Fo-šan">Fo-šanu</a></figcaption></figure> <p>Toto čínské učení hlásá návrat k přirozenosti prostřednictvím ne-zasahování (<i>Moudrý muž dělá, ale neužívá toho, co je uděláno. Tvoří, ale nevládne tomu, co je stvořeno. Dokončuje díla, ale nevychloubá se</i>). </p><p>Taoisté ve své filozofii rozvinuli jednu z významných myšlenek čínské filozofické spekulace – myšlenku o vzájemném propojení přírodního řádu a lidského života. Základní silou <a href="/wiki/Kosmos" title="Kosmos">vesmíru</a> je <a href="/wiki/Tao" class="mw-disambig" title="Tao">tao</a>, pralátka vesmíru, jeho prapříčina. </p><p><i>„Tao je odvěké na rozdíl od věcí, které vznikají a zase zanikají.“</i> V <a href="/wiki/Japonsko" title="Japonsko">Japonsku</a> se uplatňoval především ve formě učení o harmonizaci kosmických protikladů jin a jang, jako osnova věšteb a kalendáře. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Tao_te-ťing"><span id="Tao_te-.C5.A5ing"></span>Tao te-ťing</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Taoismus&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Editace sekce: Tao te-ťing" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editovat</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Taoismus&action=edit&section=2" title="Editovat zdrojový kód sekce Tao te-ťing"><span>editovat zdroj</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Soubor:Mawangdui_LaoTsu_Ms2.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Mawangdui_LaoTsu_Ms2.JPG/90px-Mawangdui_LaoTsu_Ms2.JPG" decoding="async" width="90" height="199" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Mawangdui_LaoTsu_Ms2.JPG/135px-Mawangdui_LaoTsu_Ms2.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Mawangdui_LaoTsu_Ms2.JPG/180px-Mawangdui_LaoTsu_Ms2.JPG 2x" data-file-width="453" data-file-height="1000" /></a><figcaption>Rukopis Tao te-ťingu z <a href="/wiki/2._stolet%C3%AD" title="2. století">2. století</a>, období <a href="/wiki/Dynastie_Chan" title="Dynastie Chan">dynastie Chan</a></figcaption></figure> <div class="uvodni-upozorneni hatnote"> Podrobnější informace naleznete v článku <a href="/wiki/Tao_Te_%C5%A5ing" title="Tao Te ťing">Tao Te ťing</a>.</div> <p>Autorství této knihy je připisováno Starému mistrovi (<a href="/wiki/Lao-c%27" class="mw-redirect" title="Lao-c'">Lao-c'</a>), její dokončení se odhaduje okolo 3. století př. n. l. Toto datum je však velmi sporné. Někde se uvádí, že ji Lao-c´ napsal okolo roku 600 př. n. l. Stejně tak ani není prokázána historická existence Lao-c´. </p><p>Tato kanonická kniha je rozdělena na dvě části: </p> <ol><li>Tao-ťing – Kniha o tao (cestě)</li> <li>Te-ťing – Kniha o principu te (ctnosti)</li></ol> <p>V Tao te-ťingu se rozvíjejí dva úzce spojené tematické okruhy – otázky kosmologické a představa ideálního panovníka a způsobu jeho vlády. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Etika_Tao">Etika Tao</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Taoismus&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Editace sekce: Etika Tao" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editovat</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Taoismus&action=edit&section=3" title="Editovat zdrojový kód sekce Etika Tao"><span>editovat zdroj</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Soubor:%E9%9D%92%E7%BE%8A%E5%AE%AB%E6%B3%95%E4%BA%8B.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/%E9%9D%92%E7%BE%8A%E5%AE%AB%E6%B3%95%E4%BA%8B.jpg/170px-%E9%9D%92%E7%BE%8A%E5%AE%AB%E6%B3%95%E4%BA%8B.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="138" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/%E9%9D%92%E7%BE%8A%E5%AE%AB%E6%B3%95%E4%BA%8B.jpg/255px-%E9%9D%92%E7%BE%8A%E5%AE%AB%E6%B3%95%E4%BA%8B.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/%E9%9D%92%E7%BE%8A%E5%AE%AB%E6%B3%95%E4%BA%8B.jpg/340px-%E9%9D%92%E7%BE%8A%E5%AE%AB%E6%B3%95%E4%BA%8B.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3203" data-file-height="2592" /></a><figcaption>Taoistický rituál v čínském <a href="/wiki/%C4%8Ccheng-tu" title="Čcheng-tu">Čcheng-tu</a></figcaption></figure> <p>Smyslem života je naučit se následovat cestu kosmických sil, přírodu. Klíčovým pojmem je wu-wej, tedy aktivní nečinění – člověk se má stát nádobou, kterou protéká tao. </p><p>Klíčem k etice Tao te-ťingu je prostota: </p> <ul><li>prostý člověk nedbá o zisk, chytrost, obratnost, egoismus a smělá přání</li> <li>osvícený člověk je nezaujatý a navrací se k dětské prostotě</li> <li>je zbaven pout, je měkký, a právě proto je s to vše přemoci – neboť měkké přemáhá tvrdé</li></ul> <p><i>„Člověk se spravuje mírou země, země mírou nebes, nebesa mírou tao a tao mírou sebe sama.“</i> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Principy">Principy</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Taoismus&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Editace sekce: Principy" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editovat</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Taoismus&action=edit&section=4" title="Editovat zdrojový kód sekce Principy"><span>editovat zdroj</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>V souhrnu můžeme říci, že taoismus má principy celkem tři: </p> <ol><li><b>tao</b> (vesmírná síla, individuální přirozenost, jedno, cesta jako cíl)</li> <li><b>te</b> (ctnost, projev taa)</li> <li><b>wu-wej</b> (usilovat neúsilím, znamená nechat věcem volný průběh, prorážet kámen s měkkostí vody)</li></ol> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Odkazy">Odkazy</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Taoismus&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Editace sekce: Odkazy" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editovat</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Taoismus&action=edit&section=5" title="Editovat zdrojový kód sekce Odkazy"><span>editovat zdroj</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Reference">Reference</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Taoismus&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Editace sekce: Reference" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editovat</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Taoismus&action=edit&section=6" title="Editovat zdrojový kód sekce Reference"><span>editovat zdroj</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-1">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="book" style="font-style:normal;">PREGADIO, Fabrizio. <i>Religious Daoism in Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy</i>. Příprava vydání Edward N. Zalta. Fall 2020. vyd. [s.l.]: Metaphysics Research Lab, Stanford University <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://plato.stanford.edu/archives/fall2020/entries/daoism-religion/">Dostupné online</a>.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rfr_id=info:sid/cs.wikipedia.org:templatecitacemonografie&rft.btitle=Religious+Daoism+in+Stanford+Encyclopedia+of+Philosophy&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fplato.stanford.edu%2Farchives%2Ffall2020%2Fentries%2Fdaoism-religion%2F&rft.aulast=Pregadio&rft.aufirst=Fabrizio&rft.pub=Metaphysics+Research+Lab%2C+Stanford+University&rft.edition=Fall+2020"><span style="display:none"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-2">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite style="font-style:normal;">KIRKLAND, J. Russell. The Roots of Altruism in the Taoist Tradition. <i>Journal of the American Academy of Religion</i>. 1986, roč. 54, čís. 1, s. 59–77. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/1464100">Dostupné online</a> [cit. 2021-09-17]. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Serial_Number" title="International Standard Serial Number">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://worldcat.org/issn/0002-7189">0002-7189</a>.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rfr_id=info:sid/cs.wikipedia.org:templatecitaceperiodika&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+the+American+Academy+of+Religion&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F1464100&rft.atitle=The+Roots+of+Altruism+in+the+Taoist+Tradition&rft.date=1986&rft.volume=54&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=59%E2%80%9377&rft.issn=0002-7189&rft.aulast=Kirkland&rft.aufirst=J.+Russell"><span style="display:none"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-3">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite style="font-style:normal;">SLINGERLAND, Edward. Effortless Action: The Chinese Spiritual Ideal of Wu-wei. <i>Journal of the American Academy of Religion</i>. 2000, roč. 68, čís. 2, s. 293–327. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/1465924">Dostupné online</a> [cit. 2021-09-17]. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Serial_Number" title="International Standard Serial Number">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://worldcat.org/issn/0002-7189">0002-7189</a>.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rfr_id=info:sid/cs.wikipedia.org:templatecitaceperiodika&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+the+American+Academy+of+Religion&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F1465924&rft.atitle=Effortless+Action%3A+The+Chinese+Spiritual+Ideal+of+Wu-wei&rft.date=2000&rft.volume=68&rft.issue=2&rft.pages=293%E2%80%93327&rft.issn=0002-7189&rft.aulast=Slingerland&rft.aufirst=Edward"><span style="display:none"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-4">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite style="font-style:normal;">NELSON, Eric Sean. Responding with Dao: Early Daoist Ethics and the Environment. <i>Philosophy East and West</i>. 2009, roč. 59, čís. 3, s. 294–316. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/40469132">Dostupné online</a> [cit. 2021-09-17]. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Serial_Number" title="International Standard Serial Number">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://worldcat.org/issn/0031-8221">0031-8221</a>.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rfr_id=info:sid/cs.wikipedia.org:templatecitaceperiodika&rft.jtitle=Philosophy+East+and+West&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F40469132&rft.atitle=Responding+with+Dao%3A+Early+Daoist+Ethics+and+the+Environment&rft.date=2009&rft.volume=59&rft.issue=3&rft.pages=294%E2%80%93316&rft.issn=0031-8221&rft.aulast=Nelson&rft.aufirst=Eric+Sean"><span style="display:none"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-5">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite style="font-style:normal;">CHUNG-YUAN, Chang. The Philosophy of Taoism According to Chuang Tzu. <i>Philosophy East and West</i>. 1977, roč. 27, čís. 4, s. 409–422. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/1397984">Dostupné online</a> [cit. 2021-09-17]. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Serial_Number" title="International Standard Serial Number">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://worldcat.org/issn/0031-8221">0031-8221</a>. <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" title="Digital object identifier">DOI</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.2307%2F1397984">10.2307/1397984</a>.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rfr_id=info:sid/cs.wikipedia.org:templatecitaceperiodika&rft.jtitle=Philosophy+East+and+West&rft_id=info:doi/10.2307%2F1397984&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F1397984&rft.atitle=The+Philosophy+of+Taoism+According+to+Chuang+Tzu&rft.date=1977&rft.volume=27&rft.issue=4&rft.pages=409%E2%80%93422&rft.issn=0031-8221&rft.aulast=Chung-yuan&rft.aufirst=Chang"><span style="display:none"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-6">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite style="font-style:normal;">STALNAKER, Aaron. Aspects of Xunzi's Engagement with Early Daoism. <i>Philosophy East and West</i>. 2003, roč. 53, čís. 1, s. 87–129. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/1400056">Dostupné online</a> [cit. 2021-09-17]. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Serial_Number" title="International Standard Serial Number">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://worldcat.org/issn/0031-8221">0031-8221</a>.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rfr_id=info:sid/cs.wikipedia.org:templatecitaceperiodika&rft.jtitle=Philosophy+East+and+West&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F1400056&rft.atitle=Aspects+of+Xunzi%27s+Engagement+with+Early+Daoism&rft.date=2003&rft.volume=53&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=87%E2%80%93129&rft.issn=0031-8221&rft.aulast=Stalnaker&rft.aufirst=Aaron"><span style="display:none"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-7">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite style="font-style:normal;">ZHOU, Zuyan. Dao and Reconstruction of Cultural Identity in Contemporary Chinese Literary and Mass Media Products. <i>Modern Chinese Literature and Culture</i>. 2016, roč. 28, čís. 2, s. 223–284. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/24886579">Dostupné online</a> [cit. 2021-09-17]. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Serial_Number" title="International Standard Serial Number">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://worldcat.org/issn/1520-9857">1520-9857</a>.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rfr_id=info:sid/cs.wikipedia.org:templatecitaceperiodika&rft.jtitle=Modern+Chinese+Literature+and+Culture&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F24886579&rft.atitle=Dao+and+Reconstruction+of+Cultural+Identity+in+Contemporary+Chinese+Literary+and+Mass+Media+Products&rft.date=2016&rft.volume=28&rft.issue=2&rft.pages=223%E2%80%93284&rft.issn=1520-9857&rft.aulast=Zhou&rft.aufirst=Zuyan"><span style="display:none"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-8">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite style="font-style:normal;">COWARD, Harold. Taoism and Jung: Synchronicity and the Self. <i>Philosophy East and West</i>. 1996, roč. 46, čís. 4, s. 477–495. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/1399493">Dostupné online</a> [cit. 2021-09-17]. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Serial_Number" title="International Standard Serial Number">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://worldcat.org/issn/0031-8221">0031-8221</a>. <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" title="Digital object identifier">DOI</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.2307%2F1399493">10.2307/1399493</a>.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rfr_id=info:sid/cs.wikipedia.org:templatecitaceperiodika&rft.jtitle=Philosophy+East+and+West&rft_id=info:doi/10.2307%2F1399493&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F1399493&rft.atitle=Taoism+and+Jung%3A+Synchronicity+and+the+Self&rft.date=1996&rft.volume=46&rft.issue=4&rft.pages=477%E2%80%93495&rft.issn=0031-8221&rft.aulast=Coward&rft.aufirst=Harold"><span style="display:none"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-9">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite style="font-style:normal;">LOY, DAVID R. Loving the World as Our Own Body: The Nondualist Ethics of Taoism, Buddhism and Deep Ecology. <i>Worldviews</i>. 1997, roč. 1, čís. 3, s. 249–273. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/43809652">Dostupné online</a> [cit. 2021-09-17]. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Serial_Number" title="International Standard Serial Number">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://worldcat.org/issn/1363-5247">1363-5247</a>.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rfr_id=info:sid/cs.wikipedia.org:templatecitaceperiodika&rft.jtitle=Worldviews&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F43809652&rft.atitle=Loving+the+World+as+Our+Own+Body%3A+The+Nondualist+Ethics+of+Taoism%2C+Buddhism+and+Deep+Ecology&rft.date=1997&rft.volume=1&rft.issue=3&rft.pages=249%E2%80%93273&rft.issn=1363-5247&rft.aulast=LOY&rft.aufirst=DAVID+R."><span style="display:none"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-10">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite style="font-style:normal;">SYLVAN, R.; BENNETT, D. Taoism and Deep Ecology. <i>Semantic Scholar</i> [online]. 1988 [cit. 2021-09-17]. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/Taoism-and-Deep-Ecology.-Sylvan-Bennett/3a2021d7f410375794e049003d05d7f24fede140">Dostupné online</a>. (anglicky)</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rfr_id=info:sid/cs.wikipedia.org:templatecitaceelperiodika&rft.jtitle=Semantic+Scholar&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.semanticscholar.org%2Fpaper%2FTaoism-and-Deep-Ecology.-Sylvan-Bennett%2F3a2021d7f410375794e049003d05d7f24fede140&rft.atitle=Taoism+and+Deep+Ecology&rft.date=1988&rft.aulast=Sylvan&rft.aufirst=R.&rft.au=Bennett%2C+D."><span style="display:none"> </span></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Externí_odkazy"><span id="Extern.C3.AD_odkazy"></span>Externí odkazy</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Taoismus&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Editace sekce: Externí odkazy" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editovat</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Taoismus&action=edit&section=7" title="Editovat zdrojový kód sekce Externí odkazy"><span>editovat zdroj</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span class="wd"><span class="sisterproject sisterproject-commons"><span class="sisterproject_image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Wikimedia_Commons" title="Wikimedia Commons"><img alt="Logo Wikimedia Commons" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/12px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/18px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/24px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a></span></span> <span class="sisterproject_text">Obrázky, zvuky či videa k tématu <span class="sisterproject_text_target"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Taoism" class="extiw" title="c:Category:Taoism">taoismus</a></span> na <a href="/wiki/Wikimedia_Commons" title="Wikimedia Commons">Wikimedia Commons</a></span></span></span><i> </i></li> <li><span class="sisterproject sisterproject-wiktionary"><span class="sisterproject_image"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/Wiktionary-logo-cs.svg/16px-Wiktionary-logo-cs.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/Wiktionary-logo-cs.svg/24px-Wiktionary-logo-cs.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/Wiktionary-logo-cs.svg/32px-Wiktionary-logo-cs.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="411" data-file-height="411" /></span></span></span> <span class="sisterproject_text"><span class="sisterproject_text_prefix">Slovníkové heslo </span><span class="sisterproject_text_target"><a href="https://cs.wiktionary.org/wiki/taoismus" class="extiw" title="wikt:taoismus">taoismus</a></span><span class="sisterproject_text_suffix"> ve Wikislovníku</span></span></span></li></ul> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r23078045">.mw-parser-output .navbox2{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox2 .navbox2{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox2+.navbox2{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox2-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox2-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox2-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox2-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox2-abovebelow{padding:0.25em 1em;line-height:1.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output th.navbox2-group{white-space:nowrap;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .navbox2,.mw-parser-output .navbox2-subgroup{background-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox2-list{line-height:1.5em;border-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox2-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output 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data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r16915398">.mw-parser-output div/**/#portallinks a{font-weight:bold}</style><div id="portallinks" class="catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Port%C3%A1l:Obsah" title="Portál:Obsah">Portály</a>: <a href="/wiki/Port%C3%A1l:N%C3%A1bo%C5%BEenstv%C3%AD" title="Portál:Náboženství">Náboženství</a> | <a href="/wiki/Port%C3%A1l:%C4%8C%C3%ADna" title="Portál:Čína">Čína</a> </div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Citováno z „<a dir="ltr" href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Taoismus&oldid=24336816">https://cs.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Taoismus&oldid=24336816</a>“</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/N%C3%A1pov%C4%9Bda:Kategorie" title="Nápověda:Kategorie">Kategorie</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kategorie:Taoismus" title="Kategorie:Taoismus">Taoismus</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategorie:%C4%8C%C3%ADnsk%C3%A1_astrologie" title="Kategorie:Čínská astrologie">Čínská astrologie</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategorie:Starov%C4%9Bk%C3%A1_%C4%8D%C3%ADnsk%C3%A1_filozofie" title="Kategorie:Starověká čínská filozofie">Starověká čínská filozofie</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategorie:Filozofick%C3%A9_sm%C4%9Bry" title="Kategorie:Filozofické směry">Filozofické směry</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategorie:N%C3%A1bo%C5%BEenstv%C3%AD_v_%C4%8C%C3%ADn%C4%9B" title="Kategorie:Náboženství v Číně">Náboženství v Číně</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Skryté kategorie: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kategorie:Monitoring:%C4%8Cl%C3%A1nky_s_identifik%C3%A1torem_NKC" title="Kategorie:Monitoring:Články s identifikátorem NKC">Monitoring:Články s identifikátorem NKC</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategorie:Monitoring:%C4%8Cl%C3%A1nky_s_identifik%C3%A1torem_PSH" title="Kategorie:Monitoring:Články s identifikátorem PSH">Monitoring:Články s identifikátorem PSH</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategorie:Monitoring:%C4%8Cl%C3%A1nky_s_identifik%C3%A1torem_BNF" title="Kategorie:Monitoring:Články s identifikátorem BNF">Monitoring:Články s identifikátorem BNF</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategorie:Monitoring:%C4%8Cl%C3%A1nky_s_identifik%C3%A1torem_GND" title="Kategorie:Monitoring:Články s identifikátorem GND">Monitoring:Články s identifikátorem GND</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategorie:Monitoring:%C4%8Cl%C3%A1nky_s_identifik%C3%A1torem_LCCN" title="Kategorie:Monitoring:Články s identifikátorem LCCN">Monitoring:Články s identifikátorem LCCN</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategorie:Monitoring:%C4%8Cl%C3%A1nky_s_identifik%C3%A1torem_NDL" title="Kategorie:Monitoring:Články s identifikátorem NDL">Monitoring:Články s identifikátorem NDL</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategorie:Monitoring:%C4%8Cl%C3%A1nky_s_identifik%C3%A1torem_NLI" title="Kategorie:Monitoring:Články s identifikátorem NLI">Monitoring:Články s identifikátorem NLI</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategorie:Monitoring:%C4%8Cl%C3%A1nky_s_identifik%C3%A1torem_TDV%C4%B0A" title="Kategorie:Monitoring:Články s identifikátorem TDVİA">Monitoring:Články s identifikátorem TDVİA</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> Stránka byla naposledy editována 23. 10. 2024 v 09:56.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Text je dostupný pod <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.cs">licencí Creative Commons Uveďte původ – Zachovejte licenci</a>, případně za dalších podmínek. 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