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<li id="toc-Early_history" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Early_history"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Early history</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Early_history-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Muromachi_and_Sengoku_periods" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Muromachi_and_Sengoku_periods"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>Muromachi and Sengoku periods</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Muromachi_and_Sengoku_periods-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Edo_period_and_early_modern_period" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Edo_period_and_early_modern_period"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3</span> <span>Edo period and early modern period</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Edo_period_and_early_modern_period-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Gallery" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Gallery"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Gallery</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Gallery-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Notes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Chikugo Province</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 24 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-24" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">24 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tikugo-kok" title="Tikugo-kok – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Tikugo-kok" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Provincie_%C4%8Cikugo" title="Provincie Čikugo – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Provincie Čikugo" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Provinz_Chikugo" title="Provinz Chikugo – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Provinz Chikugo" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Provincia_de_Chikugo" title="Provincia de Chikugo – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Provincia de Chikugo" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Provinco_%C4%88ikugo" title="Provinco Ĉikugo – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Provinco Ĉikugo" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%88%D9%84%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%AA_%DA%86%DB%8C%DA%A9%D9%88%DA%AF%D9%88" title="ولایت چیکوگو – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="ولایت چیکوگو" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Province_de_Chikugo" title="Province de Chikugo – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Province de Chikugo" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Provincia_de_Chikugo" title="Provincia de Chikugo – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Provincia de Chikugo" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%A7%80%EC%BF%A0%EA%B3%A0%EA%B5%AD" title="지쿠고국 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="지쿠고국" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Provinsi_Chikugo" title="Provinsi Chikugo – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Provinsi Chikugo" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chikugo_(provincia)" title="Chikugo (provincia) – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Chikugo (provincia)" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%8Cikugo_%C5%BEem%C4%97" title="Čikugo žemė – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Čikugo žemė" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chikugo_(provincie)" title="Chikugo (provincie) – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Chikugo (provincie)" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%AD%91%E5%BE%8C%E5%9B%BD" title="筑後国 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="筑後国" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prov%C3%ADncia_de_Chikugo" title="Província de Chikugo – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Província de Chikugo" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B8%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%B3%D0%BE_(%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%8F)" title="Тикуго (провинция) – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Тикуго (провинция)" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chikugo_Province" title="Chikugo Province – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Chikugo Province" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%8Cikugo_(provincia)" title="Čikugo (provincia) – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Čikugo (provincia)" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0_%D0%A7%D0%B8%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%B3%D0%BE" title="Провинција Чикуго – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Провинција Чикуго" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chikugon_provinssi" title="Chikugon provinssi – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Chikugon provinssi" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chikugo_(vilayet)" title="Chikugo (vilayet) – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Chikugo (vilayet)" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%96%D0%BD%D1%86%D1%96%D1%8F_%D0%A2%D1%96%D0%BA%D1%83%D2%91%D0%BE" title="Провінція Тікуґо – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Провінція Тікуґо" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%AD%91%E5%BE%8C%E5%9C%8B" title="筑後國 – Cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="筑後國" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Cantonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh 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data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">hide</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Former province of Japan</div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Provinces_of_Japan-Chikugo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cc/Provinces_of_Japan-Chikugo.svg/300px-Provinces_of_Japan-Chikugo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="300" height="313" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cc/Provinces_of_Japan-Chikugo.svg/450px-Provinces_of_Japan-Chikugo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cc/Provinces_of_Japan-Chikugo.svg/600px-Provinces_of_Japan-Chikugo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="760" data-file-height="794" /></a><figcaption>Map of Japanese provinces (1868) with Chikugo Province highlighted</figcaption></figure> <p><b>Chikugo Province</b><span style="font-weight: normal"> (<span title="Japanese-language text"><span lang="ja">筑後国</span></span>, <span title="Hepburn transliteration"><i lang="ja-Latn">Chikugo-no kuni</i></span><span style="margin-left:.09em">)</span></span> was a <a href="/wiki/Provinces_of_Japan" title="Provinces of Japan">province of Japan</a> in the area of northern <a href="/wiki/Ky%C5%ABsh%C5%AB" class="mw-redirect" title="Kyūshū">Kyūshū</a>, corresponding to part of southwestern <a href="/wiki/Fukuoka_Prefecture" title="Fukuoka Prefecture">Fukuoka Prefecture</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Chikugo bordered on <a href="/wiki/Higo_Province" title="Higo Province">Higo</a> and Chikugo to the southeast, and <a href="/wiki/Chikuzen_Province" title="Chikuzen Province">Chikuzen</a> to the north and east, <a href="/wiki/Bungo_Province" title="Bungo Province">Bungo</a> to the east and <a href="/wiki/Hizen_Province" title="Hizen Province">Hizen</a> to the west. Its abbreviated form name was <b><a href="/wiki/Chikush%C5%AB" class="mw-redirect" title="Chikushū">Chikushū</a></b><span style="font-weight: normal"> (<span title="Japanese-language text"><span lang="ja">筑州</span></span>)</span> (a name which it shared with Chikuzen Province), although it was also called <b><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chikuin&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Chikuin (page does not exist)">Chikuin</a></b><span style="font-weight: normal"> (<span title="Japanese-language text"><span lang="ja">筑陰</span></span>)</span>. In terms of the <a href="/wiki/Gokishichid%C5%8D" title="Gokishichidō">Gokishichidō</a> system, Chikugo was one of the provinces of the <a href="/wiki/Saikaid%C5%8D" title="Saikaidō">Saikaidō</a> circuit. Under the <i><a href="/wiki/Engishiki" title="Engishiki">Engishiki</a></i> classification system, Chikugo was ranked as one of the "superior countries" (上国) in terms of importance, and one of the "far countries" (遠国) in terms of distance from the capital. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:The_Famous_Scenes_of_the_Sixty_States_60_Chikugo.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/The_Famous_Scenes_of_the_Sixty_States_60_Chikugo.jpg/220px-The_Famous_Scenes_of_the_Sixty_States_60_Chikugo.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="320" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/The_Famous_Scenes_of_the_Sixty_States_60_Chikugo.jpg/330px-The_Famous_Scenes_of_the_Sixty_States_60_Chikugo.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/The_Famous_Scenes_of_the_Sixty_States_60_Chikugo.jpg/440px-The_Famous_Scenes_of_the_Sixty_States_60_Chikugo.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1052" data-file-height="1532" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Hiroshige" title="Hiroshige">Hiroshige</a> <i><a href="/wiki/Ukiyo-e" title="Ukiyo-e">ukiyo-e</a></i> "Chikugo" in "The Famous Scenes of the Sixty States" (六十余州名所図会), depicting the Chikugo Province: The Currents Around the Weir (Chikugo, Yanase) in 1855</figcaption></figure> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chikugo_Province&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Early_history">Early history</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chikugo_Province&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Early history"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Ancient <a href="/wiki/Tsukushi_Province" title="Tsukushi Province">Tsukushi Province</a> was a major power center in the <a href="/wiki/Yayoi_period" title="Yayoi period">Yayoi period</a>, with contacts to the Asian mainland and may have been the site for the Kingdom of <a href="/wiki/Yamatai" title="Yamatai">Yamatai</a> mentioned in official Chinese dynastic <a href="/wiki/Twenty-Four_Histories" title="Twenty-Four Histories">Twenty-Four Histories</a> for the 1st- and 2nd-century <a href="/wiki/Han_dynasty#Eastern_Han" title="Han dynasty">Eastern Han dynasty</a>, the 3rd-century <i><a href="/wiki/Records_of_the_Three_Kingdoms" title="Records of the Three Kingdoms">Records of the Three Kingdoms</a></i>, and the 6th-century <i><a href="/wiki/Book_of_Sui" title="Book of Sui">Book of Sui</a></i>. During the <a href="/wiki/Kofun_period" title="Kofun period">Kofun period</a>, many <a href="/wiki/Kofun" title="Kofun">burial mounds</a> were constructed and the area was ruled by a powerful clan who held the title of "Tsukushi no <i><a href="/wiki/Kuni_no_miyatsuko" title="Kuni no miyatsuko">kuni no miyatsuko</a></i>". The area was the launching point for <a href="/wiki/Empress_Jingu" class="mw-redirect" title="Empress Jingu">Empress Jingu</a>'s purported conquest of Korea, and was the settlement area for many <i><a href="/wiki/Toraijin" title="Toraijin">toraijin</a></i> immigrants from China, <a href="/wiki/Silla" title="Silla">Silla</a> and <a href="/wiki/Baekje" title="Baekje">Baekje</a>. In 527, the <a href="/wiki/Iwai_Rebellion" title="Iwai Rebellion">Iwai Rebellion</a> between rival factions supporting Silla against Yamato rule occurred. In 531, the priest Zensho arrived from <a href="/wiki/Northern_Wei" title="Northern Wei">Northern Wei</a> and established <i><a href="/wiki/Shugendo" class="mw-redirect" title="Shugendo">Shugendo</a></i>. In 663, the Yamato government, which was defeated by the combined Silla and <a href="/wiki/Tang_dynasty" title="Tang dynasty">Tang China</a> forces at the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Baekgang" title="Battle of Baekgang">Battle of Hakusonko</a>, decided to establish <a href="/wiki/Dazaifu_(government)" title="Dazaifu (government)">Dazaifu</a> as a regional military and civil administrative center, and after the <a href="/wiki/Taika_Reforms" class="mw-redirect" title="Taika Reforms">Taika Reforms</a> and the establishment of the <i><a href="/wiki/Ritsury%C5%8D" title="Ritsuryō">Ritsuryō</a></i> system in 701, Tsukushi Province was divided into Chikuzen and Chikugo Provinces. </p><p>The <i><a href="/wiki/Kokufu" title="Kokufu">kokufu</a></i> of Chikugo was located in what is now part of the city of <a href="/wiki/Kurume" title="Kurume">Kurume</a>, and its ruins are now a <a href="/wiki/Monuments_of_Japan" title="Monuments of Japan">National Historic Site</a>. The ruins of the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Chikugo_Kokubun-ji&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Chikugo Kokubun-ji (page does not exist)">Chikugo Kokubun-ji</a> was also located in the same area, and are likewise a National Historic Site. The <i><a href="/wiki/Ichinomiya" title="Ichinomiya">ichinomiya</a></i> of Chikugo Province is <a href="/wiki/K%C5%8Dra_taisha" title="Kōra taisha">Kōra taisha</a>, also in Kurume and is also the <a href="/wiki/S%C5%8Dja_shrine" title="Sōja shrine">Sōja shrine</a> of the province.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Muromachi_and_Sengoku_periods">Muromachi and Sengoku periods</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chikugo_Province&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Muromachi and Sengoku periods"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><b>1359</b> (<i><a href="/wiki/Enbun" title="Enbun">Enbun</a> 4</i>): Battle of Chikugo River (<i>Chikugogawa</i>), Ashikaga gain a military victory.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><b>1361</b> (<i>Enbun 6</i>) : Imperial forces led by <a href="/wiki/Kikuchi_Takemitsu" title="Kikuchi Takemitsu">Kikuchi Takemitsu</a> capture <a href="/wiki/Dazaifu,_Fukuoka" title="Dazaifu, Fukuoka">Dazaifu</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <p>During the <a href="/wiki/Sengoku_period" title="Sengoku period">Sengoku period</a>, the <i><a href="/wiki/Shugo" title="Shugo">shugo</a></i> of the province was the <a href="/wiki/Otomo_clan" class="mw-redirect" title="Otomo clan">Otomo clan</a>; however, in reality the province was controlled by 15 petty warlords, from the Kamachi clan, Tajiri clan, Kuroki clan and others. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Edo_period_and_early_modern_period">Edo period and early modern period</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chikugo_Province&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Edo period and early modern period"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Chikugo under the <a href="/wiki/Tokugawa_shogunate" title="Tokugawa shogunate">Tokugawa shogunate</a> was largely dominated by <a href="/wiki/Kurume_Domain" title="Kurume Domain">Kurume Domain</a>, ruled by the <a href="/wiki/Arima_clan" class="mw-redirect" title="Arima clan">Arima clan</a> in the north, with a smaller area under the rule of <a href="/wiki/Yanagawa_Domain" title="Yanagawa Domain">Yanagawa Domain</a>, ruled by the <a href="/wiki/Tachibana_clan_(samurai)" title="Tachibana clan (samurai)">Tachibana clan</a> in the south. </p> <table class="wikitable"> <caption>Bakumatsu period domains </caption> <tbody><tr> <th>Name</th> <th>Clan</th> <th>Type</th> <th><i><a href="/wiki/Kokudaka" title="Kokudaka">kokudaka</a></i> </th></tr> <tr> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Hidari_mitsudomoe.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c8/Hidari_mitsudomoe.svg/25px-Hidari_mitsudomoe.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c8/Hidari_mitsudomoe.svg/38px-Hidari_mitsudomoe.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c8/Hidari_mitsudomoe.svg/50px-Hidari_mitsudomoe.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="388" data-file-height="389" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Kurume_Domain" title="Kurume Domain">Kurume</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Arima_clan" class="mw-redirect" title="Arima clan">Arima</a></td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Fudai_daimy%C5%8D" title="Fudai daimyō">Fudai</a></i></td> <td>210,000 <i>koku</i> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Japanese_Crest_Tachibana_Mamori.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/Japanese_Crest_Tachibana_Mamori.svg/25px-Japanese_Crest_Tachibana_Mamori.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/Japanese_Crest_Tachibana_Mamori.svg/38px-Japanese_Crest_Tachibana_Mamori.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/Japanese_Crest_Tachibana_Mamori.svg/50px-Japanese_Crest_Tachibana_Mamori.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="688" data-file-height="688" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Yanagawa_Domain" title="Yanagawa Domain">Yanagawa</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Tachibana_clan_(samurai)" title="Tachibana clan (samurai)">Tachibana</a></td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Tozama_daimy%C5%8D" title="Tozama daimyō">Tozama</a></i></td> <td>109,000 <i>koku</i> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Japanese_Crest_Tachibana_Mamori.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/Japanese_Crest_Tachibana_Mamori.svg/25px-Japanese_Crest_Tachibana_Mamori.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/Japanese_Crest_Tachibana_Mamori.svg/38px-Japanese_Crest_Tachibana_Mamori.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/Japanese_Crest_Tachibana_Mamori.svg/50px-Japanese_Crest_Tachibana_Mamori.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="688" data-file-height="688" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Miike_Domain" title="Miike Domain">Miike</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Tachibana_clan_(samurai)" title="Tachibana clan (samurai)">Tachibana</a></td> <td><i>Tozama</i></td> <td>10,000 <i>koku</i> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <p>Following the <a href="/wiki/Boshin_War" title="Boshin War">Boshin War</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Meiji_restoration" class="mw-redirect" title="Meiji restoration">Meiji restoration</a>, former shogunal territory was assigned to Hita Prefecture on October 13, 1868, which was merged with <a href="/wiki/Nagasaki_Prefecture" title="Nagasaki Prefecture">Nagasaki Prefecture</a> two weeks later. On November 11, 1868, Shimotedo Domain in <a href="/wiki/Mutsu_Province" title="Mutsu Province">Mutsu Province</a> relocated its seat to Chikugo, and restored <a href="/wiki/Miike_Domain" title="Miike Domain">Miike Domain</a>. With the <a href="/wiki/Abolition_of_the_han_system" title="Abolition of the han system">abolition of the han system</a> on December 25, 1871, Kurume, Yanagawa and Miike became prefectures, which were then united as "Mizuma Prefecture". On August 21, 1876, Mizuma Prefecture and merged into Fukuoka Prefecture. </p><p>Per the early <a href="/wiki/Meiji_period" class="mw-redirect" title="Meiji period">Meiji period</a> <i>Kyudaka kyuryo Torishirabe-chō</i><span style="font-weight: normal"> (<span title="Japanese-language text"><span lang="ja">旧高旧領取調帳</span></span>)</span>, an official government assessment of the nation's resources, Chikugo Province had 789 villages with a total <i><a href="/wiki/Kokudaka" title="Kokudaka">kokudaka</a></i> of 536,851 <i><a href="/wiki/Koku" title="Koku">koku</a></i>. Chikugo Province consisted of: </p> <table class="wikitable"> <caption>Districts of Chikugo Province </caption> <tbody><tr> <th scope="col" style="width: 160px;">District </th> <th scope="col" style="width: 90px;"><i>kokudaka</i> </th> <th scope="col" style="width: 90px;">villages </th> <th scope="col" style="width: 190px;">Controlled by </th> <th scope="col" style="width: 510px;">Notes </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ikuha_District,_Fukuoka&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ikuha District, Fukuoka (page does not exist)">Ikuha District</a> (生葉郡)</td> <td>26,882 <i>koku</i></td> <td>59 villages</td> <td>Kurume</td> <td>merged with Takeno District to become <a href="/wiki/Ukiha_District,_Fukuoka" title="Ukiha District, Fukuoka">Ukiha District</a> (浮羽郡) on February 26, 1896 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kamitsuma_District,_Fukuoka&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kamitsuma District, Fukuoka (page does not exist)">Kamitsuma District</a> (上妻郡)</td> <td>79,464 <i>koku</i></td> <td>115 villages</td> <td>Kurume, Yanagawa</td> <td>merged with Shimotsuma District to become <a href="/wiki/Yame_District,_Fukuoka" title="Yame District, Fukuoka">Yame District</a> (八女郡) on February 26, 1896 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mihara_District,_Fukuoka&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mihara District, Fukuoka (page does not exist)">Mihara District</a> (御原郡)</td> <td>33,304 <i>koku</i></td> <td>36 villages</td> <td>Kurume</td> <td>merged with former Mii (御井郡) and Yamamoto Districts to become a new and expanded Mii District (三井郡) on February 26, 1896 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mii_District,_Fukuoka_(~1896)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mii District, Fukuoka (~1896) (page does not exist)">Mii District</a> (御井郡)</td> <td>56,528 <i>koku</i></td> <td>72 villages</td> <td>Kurume</td> <td>absorbed Mihara and Yamamoto Districts to become a new and expanded <a href="/wiki/Mii_District,_Fukuoka" title="Mii District, Fukuoka">Mii District</a> (三井郡) on February 26, 1896 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Miike_District,_Fukuoka" class="mw-redirect" title="Miike District, Fukuoka">Miike District</a> (三池郡)</td> <td>53,125 <i>koku</i></td> <td>72 villages</td> <td><i>tenryō</i>, Yanagawa, Shimotedo</td> <td>Dissolved </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Mizuma_District,_Fukuoka" class="mw-redirect" title="Mizuma District, Fukuoka">Mizuma District</a> (三潴郡)</td> <td>140,241 <i>koku</i></td> <td>164 villages</td> <td>Kurume, Yanagawa</td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Shimotsuma_District,_Fukuoka&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Shimotsuma District, Fukuoka (page does not exist)">Shimotsuma District</a> (下妻郡)</td> <td>29,920 <i>koku</i></td> <td>37 villages</td> <td>Kurume, Yanagawa</td> <td>merged with Kamitsuma District to become Yame District on February 26, 1896 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Takeno_District,_Fukuoka&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Takeno District, Fukuoka (page does not exist)">Takeno District</a> (竹野郡)</td> <td>22,875 <i>koku</i></td> <td>89 villages</td> <td>Kurume</td> <td>merged with Ikuha District to become Ukiha District on February 26, 1896 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yamamoto_District,_Fukuoka&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Yamamoto District, Fukuoka (page does not exist)">Yamamoto District</a> (山本郡)</td> <td>16,559 <i>koku</i></td> <td>30 villages</td> <td>Kurume</td> <td>merged with former Mii (御井郡) and Mihara Districts to become a new and expanded Mii District (三井郡) on February 26, 1896 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Yamato_District,_Fukuoka" title="Yamato District, Fukuoka">Yamato District</a> (山門郡)</td> <td>77,948 <i>koku</i></td> <td>115 villages</td> <td>Yanagawa</td> <td>merged with Ikuha District to become Ukiha District on February 26, 1896 </td></tr> </tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Gallery">Gallery</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chikugo_Province&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Gallery"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Koura-taisha,_nakamon.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Kora taisha, the ichinomiya of the province"><img alt="Kora taisha, the ichinomiya of the province" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Koura-taisha%2C_nakamon.jpg/120px-Koura-taisha%2C_nakamon.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="80" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Koura-taisha%2C_nakamon.jpg/180px-Koura-taisha%2C_nakamon.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Koura-taisha%2C_nakamon.jpg/240px-Koura-taisha%2C_nakamon.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5117" data-file-height="3396" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Kora taisha, the <i>ichinomiya</i> of the province</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Chikugo_Kokubunji_kodo.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="Site of the Chikugo Kokubun-ji"><img alt="Site of the Chikugo Kokubun-ji" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Chikugo_Kokubunji_kodo.JPG/120px-Chikugo_Kokubunji_kodo.JPG" decoding="async" width="120" height="80" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Chikugo_Kokubunji_kodo.JPG/180px-Chikugo_Kokubunji_kodo.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Chikugo_Kokubunji_kodo.JPG/240px-Chikugo_Kokubunji_kodo.JPG 2x" data-file-width="6016" data-file-height="4000" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Site of the Chikugo Kokubun-ji</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Chikugo-kokufu-ato.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="Site of the Chikugo Provincial Capital"><img alt="Site of the Chikugo Provincial Capital" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Chikugo-kokufu-ato.JPG/120px-Chikugo-kokufu-ato.JPG" decoding="async" width="120" height="80" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Chikugo-kokufu-ato.JPG/180px-Chikugo-kokufu-ato.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Chikugo-kokufu-ato.JPG/240px-Chikugo-kokufu-ato.JPG 2x" data-file-width="6016" data-file-height="4000" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Site of the Chikugo Provincial Capital</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Kurume_castle.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="Kurume Castle"><img alt="Kurume Castle" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Kurume_castle.JPG/120px-Kurume_castle.JPG" decoding="async" width="120" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Kurume_castle.JPG/180px-Kurume_castle.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Kurume_castle.JPG/240px-Kurume_castle.JPG 2x" data-file-width="3072" data-file-height="2304" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Kurume Castle</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Arima_Yorishige.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Arima Yorishige, final daimyō of Kurume Domain"><img alt="Arima Yorishige, final daimyō of Kurume Domain" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/Arima_Yorishige.jpg/94px-Arima_Yorishige.jpg" decoding="async" width="94" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/Arima_Yorishige.jpg/141px-Arima_Yorishige.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/Arima_Yorishige.jpg/188px-Arima_Yorishige.jpg 2x" data-file-width="599" data-file-height="766" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Arima Yorishige, final <i>daimyō</i> of Kurume Domain</div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chikugo_Province&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Louis-Fr%C3%A9d%C3%A9ric" class="mw-redirect" title="Louis-Frédéric">Nussbaum, Louis-Frédéric</a>. (2005). "<i>Chikugo</i>" in <i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=p2QnPijAEmEC&pg=PA113"></a></i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=p2QnPijAEmEC&pg=PA113">Japan Encyclopedia<i>, p. 113</i></a>, p. 113, at <a href="/wiki/Google_Books" title="Google Books">Google Books</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://eos.kokugakuin.ac.jp/modules/xwords/images/uploads/EOS070712Ab.pdf">"Nationwide List of <i>Ichinomiya</i>," p. 3</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130517061440/http://eos.kokugakuin.ac.jp/modules/xwords/images/uploads/EOS070712Ab.pdf">Archived</a> May 17, 2013, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>; retrieved 2012-10-26.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Tsuji, Zennosuke. (1932). <i>The Humanitarian Ideas of the Japanese,</i> p. 55; Depuy, Trevor Nevitt. (1992). "Kikuchi Takemitsu", <i>The <a href="/wiki/Harper_Encyclopedia_of_Military_Biography" title="Harper Encyclopedia of Military Biography">Harper Encyclopedia of Military Biography</a></i> p. 402.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Nussbaum, Louis-Frédéric. (2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=p2QnPijAEmEC&q=Bunei&pg=PA517">"Kikuchi Takemitsu"</a> in <i>Japan encyclopedia</i>, p. 517.</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chikugo_Province&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Louis-Fr%C3%A9d%C3%A9ric" class="mw-redirect" title="Louis-Frédéric">Nussbaum, Louis-Frédéric</a> and Käthe Roth. (2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=p2QnPijAEmEC"><i>Japan encyclopedia.</i></a> Cambridge: <a href="/wiki/Harvard_University_Press" title="Harvard University Press">Harvard University Press</a>. <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-674-01753-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-674-01753-5">978-0-674-01753-5</a>; <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/58053128">58053128</a></li> <li>Papinot, Edmond. (1910). <i>Historical and Geographic Dictionary of Japan.</i> Tokyo: Librarie Sansaisha. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/77691250">OCLC 77691250</a></li> <li><span class="languageicon">(in Japanese)</span> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110717200443/http://www.asahi-net.or.jp/~me4k-skri/han/kantou.html">Kōzuke on "Edo 300 HTML"</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chikugo_Province&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Commons-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/12px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/18px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/24px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a></span> Media related to <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Chikugo_Province" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Chikugo Province">Chikugo Province</a> at Wikimedia Commons </p> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.maproom.org/00/05/sub1/1.html">Murdoch's map of provinces, 1903</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output 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rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239334494"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Former_provinces_of_Japan_(List)" style="background:#f9f9f9;;padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background:#efefef;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Japan_Old_Province" title="Template:Japan Old Province"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Japan_Old_Province" title="Template talk:Japan Old Province"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Japan_Old_Province" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Japan Old Province"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Former_provinces_of_Japan_(List)" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Provinces_of_Japan" title="Provinces of Japan">Former provinces of Japan</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_provinces_of_ancient_Japan" class="mw-redirect" title="List of provinces of ancient Japan">List</a>)</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#efefef;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Kinai" title="Kinai">Kinai</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0;background:#fcfcfc;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Izumi_Province" title="Izumi Province">Izumi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kawachi_Province" title="Kawachi Province">Kawachi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Settsu_Province" title="Settsu Province">Settsu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yamashiro_Province" title="Yamashiro Province">Yamashiro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yamato_Province" title="Yamato Province">Yamato</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yoshino_Province" title="Yoshino Province">Yoshino</a> <small><span class="tmp-color" style="color:#aaa">716–738</span></small></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#efefef;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/T%C5%8Dkaid%C5%8D_(region)" title="Tōkaidō (region)">Tōkaidō</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Awa_Province_(Chiba)" title="Awa Province (Chiba)">Awa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hitachi_Province" title="Hitachi Province">Hitachi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iga_Province" title="Iga Province">Iga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ise_Province" title="Ise Province">Ise</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Izu_Province" title="Izu Province">Izu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kai_Province" title="Kai Province">Kai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kazusa_Province" title="Kazusa Province">Kazusa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mikawa_Province" title="Mikawa Province">Mikawa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Musashi_Province" title="Musashi Province">Musashi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Owari_Province" title="Owari Province">Owari</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sagami_Province" title="Sagami Province">Sagami</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shima_Province" title="Shima Province">Shima</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shim%C5%8Dsa_Province" title="Shimōsa Province">Shimōsa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suruga_Province" title="Suruga Province">Suruga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/T%C5%8Dt%C5%8Dmi_Province" title="Tōtōmi Province">Tōtōmi</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#efefef;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/T%C5%8Dsand%C5%8D" title="Tōsandō">Tōsandō</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0;background:#fcfcfc;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dewa_Province" title="Dewa Province">Dewa</a> <small><span class="tmp-color" style="color:#aaa">-1869</span></small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hida_Province" title="Hida Province">Hida</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iwaki_Province_(718)" title="Iwaki Province (718)">Iwaki</a> <small><span class="tmp-color" style="color:#aaa">718–724</span></small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iwaki_Province_(1868)" title="Iwaki Province (1868)">Iwaki</a> <small><span class="tmp-color" style="color:#aaa">1869–</span></small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iwase_Province" title="Iwase Province">Iwase</a> <small><span class="tmp-color" style="color:#aaa">718–724</span></small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iwashiro_Province" title="Iwashiro Province">Iwashiro</a> <small><span class="tmp-color" style="color:#aaa">1869–</span></small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/K%C5%8Dzuke_Province" title="Kōzuke Province">Kōzuke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mino_Province" title="Mino Province">Mino</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C5%8Cmi_Province" title="Ōmi Province">Ōmi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mutsu_Province" title="Mutsu Province">Mutsu</a> <small><span class="tmp-color" style="color:#aaa">–1869</span></small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mutsu_Province_(1868)" title="Mutsu Province (1868)">Rikuō (or Mutsu)</a> <small><span class="tmp-color" style="color:#aaa">1869–</span></small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rikuch%C5%AB_Province" title="Rikuchū Province">Rikuchū</a> <small><span class="tmp-color" style="color:#aaa">1869–</span></small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rikuzen_Province" title="Rikuzen Province">Rikuzen</a> <small><span class="tmp-color" style="color:#aaa">1869–</span></small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shimotsuke_Province" title="Shimotsuke Province">Shimotsuke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shinano_Province" title="Shinano Province">Shinano</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suwa_Province" title="Suwa Province">Suwa</a> <small><span class="tmp-color" style="color:#aaa">721–731</span></small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ugo_Province" title="Ugo Province">Ugo</a> <small><span class="tmp-color" style="color:#aaa">1869–</span></small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uzen_Province" title="Uzen Province">Uzen</a> <small><span class="tmp-color" style="color:#aaa">1869–</span></small></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#efefef;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Hokurikud%C5%8D" title="Hokurikudō">Hokurikudō</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Echigo_Province" title="Echigo Province">Echigo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Echizen_Province" title="Echizen Province">Echizen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Etch%C5%AB_Province" title="Etchū Province">Etchū</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kaga_Province" title="Kaga Province">Kaga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Noto_Province" title="Noto Province">Noto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sado_Province" title="Sado Province">Sado</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wakasa_Province" title="Wakasa Province">Wakasa</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#efefef;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/San%27ind%C5%8D" title="San'indō">San'indō</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0;background:#fcfcfc;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/H%C5%8Dki_Province" title="Hōki Province">Hōki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Inaba_Province" title="Inaba Province">Inaba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Izumo_Province" title="Izumo Province">Izumo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iwami_Province" title="Iwami Province">Iwami</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oki_Province" title="Oki Province">Oki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tajima_Province" title="Tajima Province">Tajima</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tanba_Province" title="Tanba Province">Tanba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tango_Province" title="Tango Province">Tango</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#efefef;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/San%27y%C5%8Dd%C5%8D" title="San'yōdō">San'yōdō</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aki_Province" title="Aki Province">Aki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bingo_Province" title="Bingo Province">Bingo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bitch%C5%AB_Province" title="Bitchū Province">Bitchū</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bizen_Province" title="Bizen Province">Bizen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harima_Province" title="Harima Province">Harima</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mimasaka_Province" title="Mimasaka Province">Mimasaka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nagato_Province" title="Nagato Province">Nagato</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Su%C5%8D_Province" title="Suō Province">Suō</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#efefef;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Nankaid%C5%8D" title="Nankaidō">Nankaidō</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0;background:#fcfcfc;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Awa_Province_(Tokushima)" title="Awa Province (Tokushima)">Awa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Awaji_Province" title="Awaji Province">Awaji</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iyo_Province" title="Iyo Province">Iyo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kii_Province" title="Kii Province">Kii</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sanuki_Province" title="Sanuki Province">Sanuki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tosa_Province" title="Tosa Province">Tosa</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#efefef;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Saikaid%C5%8D" title="Saikaidō">Saikaidō</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bungo_Province" title="Bungo Province">Bungo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Buzen_Province" title="Buzen Province">Buzen</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Chikugo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chikuzen_Province" title="Chikuzen Province">Chikuzen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Higo_Province" title="Higo Province">Higo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hizen_Province" title="Hizen Province">Hizen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hy%C5%ABga_Province" title="Hyūga Province">Hyūga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iki_Province" title="Iki Province">Iki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C5%8Csumi_Province" title="Ōsumi Province">Ōsumi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Satsuma_Province" title="Satsuma Province">Satsuma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tane_Province" title="Tane Province">Tane</a> <small><span class="tmp-color" style="color:#aaa">702–824</span></small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tsushima_Province" title="Tsushima Province">Tsushima</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#efefef;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Hokkaido" title="Hokkaido">Hokkaidō</a><br /><small><span class="tmp-color" style="color:#aaa">1869–</span></small></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0;background:#fcfcfc;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chishima_Province" title="Chishima Province">Chishima</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hidaka_Province" title="Hidaka Province">Hidaka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iburi_Province" title="Iburi Province">Iburi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ishikari_Province" title="Ishikari Province">Ishikari</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kitami_Province" title="Kitami Province">Kitami</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kushiro_Province" title="Kushiro Province">Kushiro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nemuro_Province" title="Nemuro Province">Nemuro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oshima_Province" title="Oshima Province">Oshima</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shiribeshi_Province" title="Shiribeshi Province">Shiribeshi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Teshio_Province" title="Teshio Province">Teshio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tokachi_Province" title="Tokachi Province">Tokachi</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#efefef;;width:1%">Pre-<a href="/wiki/Taih%C5%8D_Code" title="Taihō Code">Taihō Code</a><br />provinces</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/Chichibu_Province" title="Chichibu Province">Chichibu</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Fusa_Province" title="Fusa Province">Fusa</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Hi_Province" title="Hi Province">Hi</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Keno_Province" title="Keno Province">Keno</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Kibi_Province" title="Kibi Province">Kibi</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Koshi_Province_(Japan)" title="Koshi Province (Japan)">Koshi</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Kumaso_Province" title="Kumaso Province">Kumaso</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Toyo_Province" title="Toyo Province">Toyo</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Tsukushi_Province" title="Tsukushi Province">Tsukushi</a></dd></dl> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="background:#efefef;;text-align:left;"><div><u>Source</u>: <a href="/wiki/Louis_Fr%C3%A9d%C3%A9ric" title="Louis Frédéric">Nussbaum, Louis-Frédéric</a>. (2005). "Provinces and prefectures" in <i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=p2QnPijAEmEC&pg=PA780"></a></i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=p2QnPijAEmEC&pg=PA780">Japan Encyclopedia<i>, p. 780</i></a>, p. 780, at <a href="/wiki/Google_Books" title="Google Books">Google Books</a>; excerpt,<br /> <dl><dd>"Japan's former <a href="/wiki/Provinces_of_Japan" title="Provinces of Japan">provinces</a> were converted into <a href="/wiki/Prefectures_of_Japan" title="Prefectures of Japan">prefectures</a> by the <a href="/wiki/Government_of_Meiji_Japan" title="Government of Meiji Japan">Meiji government</a> ... [and] grouped, according to geographic position, into the <a href="/wiki/Kinai" title="Kinai">'five provinces of the Kinai'</a> and <a href="/wiki/Gokishichid%C5%8D" title="Gokishichidō">'seven circuits'</a>."</dd></dl></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Chikugo_Province&oldid=1256317106">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Chikugo_Province&oldid=1256317106</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Chikugo_Province" title="Category:Chikugo Province">Chikugo Province</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Former_provinces_of_Japan" title="Category:Former provinces of Japan">Former provinces of Japan</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:History_of_Fukuoka_Prefecture" title="Category:History of Fukuoka Prefecture">History of Fukuoka Prefecture</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:1871_disestablishments_in_Japan" title="Category:1871 disestablishments in Japan">1871 disestablishments in Japan</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:States_and_territories_disestablished_in_1871" title="Category:States and territories disestablished in 1871">States and territories disestablished in 1871</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Hidden categories: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Webarchive_template_wayback_links" title="Category:Webarchive template wayback links">Webarchive template wayback links</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description" title="Category:Articles with short description">Articles with short description</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Short_description_is_different_from_Wikidata" title="Category:Short description is different from Wikidata">Short description is different from Wikidata</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_containing_Japanese-language_text" title="Category:Articles containing Japanese-language text">Articles containing Japanese-language text</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_Japanese-language_sources_(ja)" title="Category:Articles with Japanese-language sources (ja)">Articles with Japanese-language sources (ja)</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Commons_category_link_is_on_Wikidata" title="Category:Commons category link is on Wikidata">Commons category link is on Wikidata</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> This page was last edited on 9 November 2024, at 09:29<span class="anonymous-show"> (UTC)</span>.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Text is available under the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Text_of_the_Creative_Commons_Attribution-ShareAlike_4.0_International_License" title="Wikipedia:Text of the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License">Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License</a>; additional terms may apply. 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