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rel="dns-prefetch" href="//web.archive.org/web/20140519134242/http://meta.wikimedia.org/"/></head> <body class="mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr ns-0 ns-subject page-2014_Aswan_tribal_clashes skin-vector action-view vector-animateLayout"> <div id="mw-page-base" class="noprint"></div> <div id="mw-head-base" class="noprint"></div> <div id="content" class="mw-body" role="main"> <a id="top"></a> <div id="mw-js-message" style="display:none;"></div> <div id="siteNotice"></div> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading" lang="en"><span dir="auto">2014 Aswan tribal clashes</span></h1> <div id="bodyContent" class="mw-body-content"> <div id="siteSub">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> <div id="contentSub"></div> <div id="jump-to-nav" class="mw-jump"> Jump to: <a href="#mw-navigation">navigation</a>, <a href="#p-search">search</a> </div> <div id="mw-content-text" lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"><table class="infobox vevent" cellspacing="3" style="border-spacing:3px;width:22em;width: 300px;"> <tr> <th colspan="2" class="summary" style="text-align:center;font-size:125%;font-weight:bold;font-size: 125%; background-color: #CEE0F2; vertical-align: middle;">2014 Aswan tribal clashes</th> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align:center;border-bottom: 1px solid #aaa;"> <div style="width:285px; float:none; clear:none;"> <div style="position:relative; padding:0; width:285px;"><a href="/web/20140519134242/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Egypt_Aswan_locator_map.svg" class="image"><img alt="Egypt Aswan locator map.svg" src="//web.archive.org/web/20140519134242im_/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/Egypt_Aswan_locator_map.svg/285px-Egypt_Aswan_locator_map.svg.png" width="285" height="258" srcset="//web.archive.org/web/20140519134242im_/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/Egypt_Aswan_locator_map.svg/428px-Egypt_Aswan_locator_map.svg.png 1.5x, //web.archive.org/web/20140519134242im_/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/Egypt_Aswan_locator_map.svg/570px-Egypt_Aswan_locator_map.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1055" data-file-height="956"/></a><br/> <div style="position: absolute; z-index: 2; top: 73.2%; left: 66.5%; height: 0; width: 0; margin: 0; padding: 0;"> <div style="position: relative; text-align: center; left: -4px; top: -4px; width: 8px; font-size: 8px; za-index:100;"><a href="/web/20140519134242/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Red_pog.svg" class="image"><img alt="Red pog.svg" src="//web.archive.org/web/20140519134242im_/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/7px-Red_pog.svg.png" width="7" height="7" srcset="//web.archive.org/web/20140519134242im_/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/11px-Red_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //web.archive.org/web/20140519134242im_/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/14px-Red_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64"/></a></div> <div style="font-size: 90%; line-height: 110%; position: relative; top: -1.5em; width: 6em; left: 0.5em; text-align: left;"><span style="padding: 1px;"><b>Aswan</b></span></div> </div> </div> </div> <div>Location of Aswan in Egypt.</div> </td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" style="text-align:left;">Date</th> <td>4 April 2014 - <i>present</i></td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" style="text-align:left;">Location</th> <td><span class="location"><span class="flagicon"><a href="/web/20140519134242/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Egypt" title="Egypt"><img alt="Egypt" src="//web.archive.org/web/20140519134242im_/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Flag_of_Egypt.svg/23px-Flag_of_Egypt.svg.png" width="23" height="15" class="thumbborder" srcset="//web.archive.org/web/20140519134242im_/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Flag_of_Egypt.svg/35px-Flag_of_Egypt.svg.png 1.5x, //web.archive.org/web/20140519134242im_/http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Flag_of_Egypt.svg/45px-Flag_of_Egypt.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600"/></a></span> East of <a href="/web/20140519134242/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aswan" title="Aswan">Aswan</a>, <a href="/web/20140519134242/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Egypt" title="Egypt">Egypt</a></span></td> </tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" style="text-align:center;background-color: #CEE0F2; vertical-align: middle;">Casualties</th> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align:center;">25 killed<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span>[</span>1<span>]</span></a></sup><br/> 50+ injured<sup id="cite_ref-Yahoo_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Yahoo-2"><span>[</span>2<span>]</span></a></sup></td> </tr> </table> <p>The <b>Aswan tribal clashes</b> were a series of clashes east of Egypt's southern city of <a href="/web/20140519134242/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aswan" title="Aswan">Aswan</a> between two local ethnic tribes: the <a href="/web/20140519134242/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arab" title="Arab" class="mw-redirect">Arab</a> Al-Halayel (Beni Helal) clan and the <a href="/web/20140519134242/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nubian_people" title="Nubian people">Nubian</a> Al-Dabodeya family. Shootings and stabbing occurred throughout the city following verbal insults between students from both sides at a local school on Wednesday, two days before the violence. Cars were torched and homes were looted and burned down.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span>[</span>3<span>]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span>[</span>4<span>]</span></a></sup> The army had intervened to contain the crisis following a call by Aswan's governor.<sup id="cite_ref-Yahoo_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Yahoo-2"><span>[</span>2<span>]</span></a></sup> <a href="/web/20140519134242/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Feud" title="Feud">Vendetta killings</a> are very common in <a href="/web/20140519134242/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Upper_Egypt" title="Upper Egypt">Upper Egypt</a> and can last across generations, but this recent outbreak of feudal violence was described by the police as "the worst in recent memory", threatening to turn into a wide-scale ethnic conflict.<sup id="cite_ref-Yahoo_2-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Yahoo-2"><span>[</span>2<span>]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-WSJ_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-WSJ-5"><span>[</span>5<span>]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-CPost_Nubians_curfew_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CPost_Nubians_curfew-6"><span>[</span>6<span>]</span></a></sup></p> <p></p> <div id="toc" class="toc"> <div id="toctitle"> <h2>Contents</h2> </div> <ul> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-1"><a href="#Friday"><span class="tocnumber">1</span> <span class="toctext">Friday</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-2"><a href="#Saturday"><span class="tocnumber">2</span> <span class="toctext">Saturday</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-3"><a href="#Sunday"><span class="tocnumber">3</span> <span class="toctext">Sunday</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-4"><a href="#Domestic_response"><span class="tocnumber">4</span> <span class="toctext">Domestic response</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-5"><a href="#References"><span class="tocnumber">5</span> <span class="toctext">References</span></a></li> </ul> </div> <p></p> <h2><span class="mw-headline" id="Friday">Friday</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/web/20140519134242/http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=2014_Aswan_tribal_clashes&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Friday">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h2> <p>Violence erupted in the Al-Seel Al-Refy district late Friday April 4, 2014, leaving three people dead as a result of a long running tribal dispute.<sup id="cite_ref-Ahram_Update_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ahram_Update-7"><span>[</span>7<span>]</span></a></sup> The clashes were sparked when a woman was harassed and students from both sides later sprayed offensive graffiti at a local school.<sup id="cite_ref-Ahram_Update_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ahram_Update-7"><span>[</span>7<span>]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-WSJ_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-WSJ-5"><span>[</span>5<span>]</span></a></sup> The injured were taken to <a href="/web/20140519134242/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aswan_University" title="Aswan University">Aswan University Hospital</a> under tight security to avoid acts of vengeance from both sides.<sup id="cite_ref-Ahram_Update_7-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ahram_Update-7"><span>[</span>7<span>]</span></a></sup> Gunfights spread beyond the residential area to outside the local hospital and morgue near the city’s center, a few kilometers away from the touristic and commercial realms of the city.<sup id="cite_ref-WPost_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-WPost-8"><span>[</span>8<span>]</span></a></sup></p> <h2><span class="mw-headline" id="Saturday">Saturday</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/web/20140519134242/http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=2014_Aswan_tribal_clashes&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Saturday">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h2> <p>The next day, a second round of intense fighting left 20 people killed and more than fifty injured.<sup id="cite_ref-Yahoo_2-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Yahoo-2"><span>[</span>2<span>]</span></a></sup> The two sides used gunfire and <a href="/web/20140519134242/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Molotov_cocktails" title="Molotov cocktails" class="mw-redirect">Molotov cocktails</a> resulting in several houses burned to the ground before security forces were able to stop the fighting on Saturday morning.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span>[</span>9<span>]</span></a></sup> Seventeen of the dead were from the Beni Helal clan.<sup id="cite_ref-Reuters_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Reuters-10"><span>[</span>10<span>]</span></a></sup> Prime Minister Ibrahim Mahlab formed a fact-finding committee on the incidents to uncover the reasons behind the bloodshed after meetings with the clashing sides and a visit to the scene of incidents.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span>[</span>11<span>]</span></a></sup></p> <h2><span class="mw-headline" id="Sunday">Sunday</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/web/20140519134242/http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=2014_Aswan_tribal_clashes&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Sunday">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h2> <p>Nubian clan members blocked a main street with burning car tyres while members of the Beni Helal tribe set ablaze carts on another main road.<sup id="cite_ref-Reuters_10-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Reuters-10"><span>[</span>10<span>]</span></a></sup> At least two more people were killed and five other were wounded in renewed clashes after 48 hours of violence despite heightened security presence in the region.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span>[</span>12<span>]</span></a></sup> An angry mob from the Arab clan torched more new Nubian homes after collecting the bodies of their relatives to bury. The attack pushed armed Nubians to retaliate in pitched gun battles. Police struggled to disperse the mob fighting outside the hospital.<sup id="cite_ref-WPost_8-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-WPost-8"><span>[</span>8<span>]</span></a></sup> In the wake of the deaths, the Interior Ministry announced that it had arrested three members of the Bani Hilal tribe that were allegedly involved in the fighting.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span>[</span>13<span>]</span></a></sup></p> <h2><span class="mw-headline" id="Domestic_response">Domestic response</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/web/20140519134242/http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=2014_Aswan_tribal_clashes&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Domestic response">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h2> <p>Egypt's prime minister <a href="/web/20140519134242/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ibrahim_Mahlab" title="Ibrahim Mahlab">Ibrahim Mahlab</a> and interior minister <a href="/web/20140519134242/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mohamed_Ibrahim_Moustafa" title="Mohamed Ibrahim Moustafa">Mohamed Ibrahim</a> traveled to Aswan on Saturday to meet governor Mostfa Yousri as well as tribal leaders involved to help defuse tensions and visited the site where the violence took place. Mahlab promised to arrest perpetrators and seize unlicensed weapons and military forces have already been deployed in the area to prevent further clashes.<sup id="cite_ref-CPost_Nubians_curfew_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CPost_Nubians_curfew-6"><span>[</span>6<span>]</span></a></sup> Security presence also intensified and a curfew was imposed when clashes were renewed on Sunday.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span>[</span>14<span>]</span></a></sup></p> <p>The military accused the <a href="/web/20140519134242/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muslim_Brotherhood" title="Muslim Brotherhood">Muslim Brotherhood</a> of deposed Islamist president <a href="/web/20140519134242/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mohamed_Morsi" title="Mohamed Morsi">Mohamed Morsi</a> of involvement in the strife.<sup id="cite_ref-WSJ_5-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-WSJ-5"><span>[</span>5<span>]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span>[</span>15<span>]</span></a></sup> Another joint statement by the two clans accused "invisible hands" of igniting the feud.<sup id="cite_ref-WSJ_5-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-WSJ-5"><span>[</span>5<span>]</span></a></sup> A former member of parliament who had previously mediated between the two sides, told Egyptian media that the handwriting in the graffiti insulting both tribes was the same and noted that a "third party aimed to create strife." The undersecretary of the local Ministry of Endowment office claimed that a teacher who "belongs to the Brotherhood" drew the graffiti.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span>[</span>16<span>]</span></a></sup></p> <p>On 13 April 2014, <a href="/web/20140519134242/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Al-Azhar" title="Al-Azhar" class="mw-redirect">Al-Azhar</a> Sheikh <a href="/web/20140519134242/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ahmed_el-Tayeb" title="Ahmed el-Tayeb">Ahmed el-Tayeb</a> went to <a href="/web/20140519134242/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aswan" title="Aswan">Aswan</a> in order to complete mediation between the two rivals. <sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span>[</span>17<span>]</span></a></sup> el-Tayeb announced that a committee will be formed by <a href="/web/20140519134242/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Al-Azhar" title="Al-Azhar" class="mw-redirect">Al-Azhar</a> to supervise compensation. <sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span>[</span>18<span>]</span></a></sup></p> <h2><span class="mw-headline" id="References">References</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/web/20140519134242/http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=2014_Aswan_tribal_clashes&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: References">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h2> <div class="reflist columns references-column-count references-column-count-2" style="-moz-column-count: 2; -webkit-column-count: 2; column-count: 2; list-style-type: decimal;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140519134242/http://www.businessweek.com/news/2014-04-06/two-killed-in-egypt-tribal-clashes-as-death-toll-rises-to-25">"Two Killed in Egypt Tribal Clashes as Death Toll Rises to 25"</a>. Bloomberg. April 6, 2014.</span><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A2014+Aswan+tribal+clashes&rft.btitle=Two+Killed+in+Egypt+Tribal+Clashes+as+Death+Toll+Rises+to+25&rft.date=April+6%2C+2014&rft.genre=book&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.businessweek.com%2Fnews%2F2014-04-06%2Ftwo-killed-in-egypt-tribal-clashes-as-death-toll-rises-to-25&rft.pub=Bloomberg&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span></li> <li id="cite_note-Yahoo-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Yahoo_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Yahoo_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Yahoo_2-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Yahoo_2-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140519134242/http://news.yahoo.com/18-killed-egypt-clan-fighting-004108411.html">"Egypt tribal fighting kills 23, says health ministry"</a>. Yahoo News. April 5, 2014.</span><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A2014+Aswan+tribal+clashes&rft.btitle=Egypt+tribal+fighting+kills+23%2C+says+health+ministry&rft.date=April+5%2C+2014&rft.genre=book&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnews.yahoo.com%2F18-killed-egypt-clan-fighting-004108411.html&rft.pub=Yahoo+News&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span></li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140519134242/http://www.upi.com/Top_News/World-News/2014/04/07/Dozens-killed-in-ethnic-clashes-in-Egypt/5661396903018/">"Dozens killed in ethnic clashes in Egypt"</a>. United Press International. April 7, 2014.</span><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A2014+Aswan+tribal+clashes&rft.btitle=Dozens+killed+in+ethnic+clashes+in+Egypt&rft.date=April+7%2C+2014&rft.genre=book&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.upi.com%2FTop_News%2FWorld-News%2F2014%2F04%2F07%2FDozens-killed-in-ethnic-clashes-in-Egypt%2F5661396903018%2F&rft.pub=United+Press+International&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span></li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140519134242/http://www.theguardian.com/world/2014/apr/07/egypt-arab-nubian-clashes-dozens-dead">"Egyptian Arab and Nubian clashes leave dozens dead"</a>. The Guardian. April 7, 2014.</span><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A2014+Aswan+tribal+clashes&rft.btitle=Egyptian+Arab+and+Nubian+clashes+leave+dozens+dead&rft.date=April+7%2C+2014&rft.genre=book&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fworld%2F2014%2Fapr%2F07%2Fegypt-arab-nubian-clashes-dozens-dead&rft.pub=The+Guardian&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span></li> <li id="cite_note-WSJ-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-WSJ_5-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-WSJ_5-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-WSJ_5-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-WSJ_5-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140519134242/http://online.wsj.com/news/articles/SB10001424052702304441304579483672520485270">"Arab-Nubian Clan Fighting Kills at Least 23 People in Southern Egypt"</a>. The Wall Street Journal. April 5, 2014.</span><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A2014+Aswan+tribal+clashes&rft.btitle=Arab-Nubian+Clan+Fighting+Kills+at+Least+23+People+in+Southern+Egypt&rft.date=April+5%2C+2014&rft.genre=book&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fonline.wsj.com%2Fnews%2Farticles%2FSB10001424052702304441304579483672520485270&rft.pub=The+Wall+Street+Journal&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span></li> <li id="cite_note-CPost_Nubians_curfew-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-CPost_Nubians_curfew_6-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-CPost_Nubians_curfew_6-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140519134242/http://thecairopost.com/news/105268/news/nubians-demand-curfew-in-aswan-as-mahlab-ibrahim-try-to-resolve-conflict">"Nubians demand curfew in Aswan as Mahlab, Ibrahim try to resolve conflict"</a>. The Cairo Post. April 5, 2014.</span><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A2014+Aswan+tribal+clashes&rft.btitle=Nubians+demand+curfew+in+Aswan+as+Mahlab%2C+Ibrahim+try+to+resolve+conflict&rft.date=April+5%2C+2014&rft.genre=book&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fthecairopost.com%2Fnews%2F105268%2Fnews%2Fnubians-demand-curfew-in-aswan-as-mahlab-ibrahim-try-to-resolve-conflict&rft.pub=The+Cairo+Post&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span></li> <li id="cite_note-Ahram_Update-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Ahram_Update_7-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Ahram_Update_7-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Ahram_Update_7-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140519134242/http://english.ahram.org.eg/NewsContent/1/64/98313/Egypt/Politics-/UPDATED-Prime-minister-to-visit-Aswan-after-tribal.aspx">"UPDATED: Prime minister to visit Aswan after tribal violence kills 23"</a>. Al-Ahram. April 5, 2014.</span><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A2014+Aswan+tribal+clashes&rft.btitle=UPDATED%3A+Prime+minister+to+visit+Aswan+after+tribal+violence+kills+23&rft.date=April+5%2C+2014&rft.genre=book&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fenglish.ahram.org.eg%2FNewsContent%2F1%2F64%2F98313%2FEgypt%2FPolitics-%2FUPDATED-Prime-minister-to-visit-Aswan-after-tribal.aspx&rft.pub=Al-Ahram&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span></li> <li id="cite_note-WPost-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-WPost_8-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-WPost_8-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140519134242/http://www.washingtonpost.com/world/middle_east/family-feud-renews-in-southern-egypt-killing-1/2014/04/06/1e88fcd8-bd8b-11e3-9ee7-02c1e10a03f0_story.html">"Family feud resumes in southern Egypt, killing 2"</a>. The Washington Post. April 6, 2014.</span><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A2014+Aswan+tribal+clashes&rft.btitle=Family+feud+resumes+in+southern+Egypt%2C+killing+2&rft.date=April+6%2C+2014&rft.genre=book&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.washingtonpost.com%2Fworld%2Fmiddle_east%2Ffamily-feud-renews-in-southern-egypt-killing-1%2F2014%2F04%2F06%2F1e88fcd8-bd8b-11e3-9ee7-02c1e10a03f0_story.html&rft.pub=The+Washington+Post&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span></li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140519134242/http://www.gmanetwork.com/news/story/355672/news/world/23-killed-in-family-feud-in-southern-egypt-officials">"23 killed in family feud in southern Egypt – officials"</a>. GMA News. April 6, 2014.</span><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A2014+Aswan+tribal+clashes&rft.btitle=23+killed+in+family+feud+in+southern+Egypt+%E2%80%93+officials&rft.date=April+6%2C+2014&rft.genre=book&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.gmanetwork.com%2Fnews%2Fstory%2F355672%2Fnews%2Fworld%2F23-killed-in-family-feud-in-southern-egypt-officials&rft.pub=GMA+News&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span></li> <li id="cite_note-Reuters-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Reuters_10-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Reuters_10-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140519134242/http://www.reuters.com/article/2014/04/06/us-egypt-violence-idUSBREA350CC20140406">"Two killed as Egyptian tribal clash resumes"</a>. Reuters. April 6, 2014.</span><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A2014+Aswan+tribal+clashes&rft.btitle=Two+killed+as+Egyptian+tribal+clash+resumes&rft.date=April+6%2C+2014&rft.genre=book&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.reuters.com%2Farticle%2F2014%2F04%2F06%2Fus-egypt-violence-idUSBREA350CC20140406&rft.pub=Reuters&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span></li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140519134242/http://www.sis.gov.eg/En/Templates/Articles/tmpArticleNews.aspx?ArtID=77061#.U0PjCoViQ0U">"PM forms fact-finding committee on Aswan incidents"</a>. State Information Service. April 6, 2014.</span><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A2014+Aswan+tribal+clashes&rft.btitle=PM+forms+fact-finding+committee+on+Aswan+incidents&rft.date=April+6%2C+2014&rft.genre=book&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.sis.gov.eg%2FEn%2FTemplates%2FArticles%2FtmpArticleNews.aspx%3FArtID%3D77061%23.U0PjCoViQ0U&rft.pub=State+Information+Service&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span></li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140519134242/http://www.middle-east-online.com/english/?id=65234">"Egypt tribal clashes claim two more lives in Aswan"</a>. Middle East Online. April 6, 2014.</span><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A2014+Aswan+tribal+clashes&rft.btitle=Egypt+tribal+clashes+claim+two+more+lives+in+Aswan&rft.date=April+6%2C+2014&rft.genre=book&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.middle-east-online.com%2Fenglish%2F%3Fid%3D65234&rft.pub=Middle+East+Online&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span></li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140519134242/http://www.dailynewsegypt.com/2014/04/07/tribes-agree-3-day-truce-aswan/">"Tribes agree to 3 day truce in Aswan"</a>. Daily News Egypt. April 7, 2014.</span><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A2014+Aswan+tribal+clashes&rft.btitle=Tribes+agree+to+3+day+truce+in+Aswan&rft.date=April+7%2C+2014&rft.genre=book&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dailynewsegypt.com%2F2014%2F04%2F07%2Ftribes-agree-3-day-truce-aswan%2F&rft.pub=Daily+News+Egypt&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span></li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140519134242/http://www.egyptindependent.com//news/curfew-imposed-aswan-clashes-renew">"Curfew imposed in Aswan as clashes renew"</a>. Egypt Independent. April 6, 2014.</span><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A2014+Aswan+tribal+clashes&rft.btitle=Curfew+imposed+in+Aswan+as+clashes+renew&rft.date=April+6%2C+2014&rft.genre=book&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.egyptindependent.com%2F%2Fnews%2Fcurfew-imposed-aswan-clashes-renew&rft.pub=Egypt+Independent&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span></li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140519134242/http://www.dailynewsegypt.com/2014/04/05/23-dead-least-12-injured-aswan-clashes/">"23 dead, at least 12 injured in Aswan clashes"</a>. Daily News Egypt. April 5, 2014.</span><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A2014+Aswan+tribal+clashes&rft.btitle=23+dead%2C+at+least+12+injured+in+Aswan+clashes&rft.date=April+5%2C+2014&rft.genre=book&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dailynewsegypt.com%2F2014%2F04%2F05%2F23-dead-least-12-injured-aswan-clashes%2F&rft.pub=Daily+News+Egypt&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span></li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140519134242/http://thecairopost.com/news/105259/news/mahlab-ibrahim-in-aswan-to-resolve-violent-tribal-conflict">"Mahlab, Ibrahim in Aswan to resolve violent tribal conflict"</a>. The Cairo Post. April 5, 2014.</span><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A2014+Aswan+tribal+clashes&rft.btitle=Mahlab%2C+Ibrahim+in+Aswan+to+resolve+violent+tribal+conflict&rft.date=April+5%2C+2014&rft.genre=book&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fthecairopost.com%2Fnews%2F105259%2Fnews%2Fmahlab-ibrahim-in-aswan-to-resolve-violent-tribal-conflict&rft.pub=The+Cairo+Post&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span></li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140519134242/http://www.egyptindependent.com//news/al-azhar-sheikh-endowments-minister-arrive-aswan-reconcile-between-fighting-tribes">"Al-Azhar Sheikh, Endowments Minister arrive in Aswan to reconcile between fighting tribes"</a>. Egypt Independent.</span><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A2014+Aswan+tribal+clashes&rft.btitle=Al-Azhar+Sheikh%2C+Endowments+Minister+arrive+in+Aswan+to+reconcile+between+fighting+tribes&rft.genre=book&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.egyptindependent.com%2F%2Fnews%2Fal-azhar-sheikh-endowments-minister-arrive-aswan-reconcile-between-fighting-tribes&rft.pub=Egypt+Independent&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span></li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140519134242/http://english.ahram.org.eg/NewsContent/1/64/98882/Egypt/Politics-/AlAzhar-sponsors-committee-for-compensating-Aswan-.aspx">"Al-Azhar sponsors committee for compensating Aswan tribes"</a>. 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