CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html> <html class="client-nojs skin-theme-clientpref-day mf-expand-sections-clientpref-0 mf-font-size-clientpref-small mw-mf-amc-clientpref-0" lang="en" dir="ltr"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>Art movement - Wikipedia</title> <script>(function(){var className="client-js skin-theme-clientpref-day mf-expand-sections-clientpref-0 mf-font-size-clientpref-small mw-mf-amc-clientpref-0";var cookie=document.cookie.match(/(?:^|; )enwikimwclientpreferences=([^;]+)/);if(cookie){cookie[1].split('%2C').forEach(function(pref){className=className.replace(new RegExp('(^| )'+pref.replace(/-clientpref-\w+$|[^\w-]+/g,'')+'-clientpref-\\w+( |$)'),'$1'+pref+'$2');});}document.documentElement.className=className;}());RLCONF={"wgBreakFrames":false,"wgSeparatorTransformTable":["",""],"wgDigitTransformTable":["",""],"wgDefaultDateFormat":"dmy","wgMonthNames":["","January","February","March","April","May","June","July","August","September","October","November","December"],"wgRequestId":"bdcdf72b-ca39-464b-899f-36b2f83d17bb","wgCanonicalNamespace":"","wgCanonicalSpecialPageName":false,"wgNamespaceNumber":0,"wgPageName":"Art_movement","wgTitle":"Art movement","wgCurRevisionId":1275153885,"wgRevisionId":1275153885,"wgArticleId":228568, "wgIsArticle":true,"wgIsRedirect":false,"wgAction":"view","wgUserName":null,"wgUserGroups":["*"],"wgPageViewLanguage":"en","wgPageContentLanguage":"en","wgPageContentModel":"wikitext","wgRelevantPageName":"Art_movement","wgRelevantArticleId":228568,"wgIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRelevantPageIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRestrictionEdit":[],"wgRestrictionMove":[],"wgNoticeProject":"wikipedia","wgCiteReferencePreviewsActive":false,"wgFlaggedRevsParams":{"tags":{"status":{"levels":1}}},"wgMediaViewerOnClick":true,"wgMediaViewerEnabledByDefault":true,"wgPopupsFlags":0,"wgVisualEditor":{"pageLanguageCode":"en","pageLanguageDir":"ltr","pageVariantFallbacks":"en"},"wgMFMode":"stable","wgMFAmc":false,"wgMFAmcOutreachActive":false,"wgMFAmcOutreachUserEligible":false,"wgMFLazyLoadImages":true,"wgMFEditNoticesFeatureConflict":false,"wgMFDisplayWikibaseDescriptions":{"search":true,"watchlist":true,"tagline":false,"nearby":true},"wgMFIsSupportedEditRequest":true,"wgMFScriptPath":"", "wgWMESchemaEditAttemptStepOversample":false,"wgWMEPageLength":20000,"wgEditSubmitButtonLabelPublish":true,"wgSectionTranslationMissingLanguages":[{"lang":"ace","autonym":"Acèh","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ady","autonym":"адыгабзэ","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"alt","autonym":"алтай тил","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"am","autonym":"አማርኛ","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ami","autonym":"Pangcah","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"an","autonym":"aragonés","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ang","autonym":"Ænglisc","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ann","autonym":"Obolo","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"anp","autonym":"अंगिका","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ary","autonym":"الدارجة","dir":"rtl"},{"lang":"arz","autonym":"مصرى","dir":"rtl"},{"lang":"as","autonym":"অসমীয়া","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ast","autonym":"asturianu","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"av","autonym":"авар","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"avk","autonym":"Kotava","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"awa","autonym":"अवधी","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ay","autonym":"Aymar aru","dir": "ltr"},{"lang":"azb","autonym":"تۆرکجه","dir":"rtl"},{"lang":"ba","autonym":"башҡортса","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ban","autonym":"Basa Bali","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"bar","autonym":"Boarisch","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"bbc","autonym":"Batak Toba","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"bcl","autonym":"Bikol Central","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"bdr","autonym":"Bajau Sama","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"be","autonym":"беларуская","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"bew","autonym":"Betawi","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"bho","autonym":"भोजपुरी","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"bi","autonym":"Bislama","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"bjn","autonym":"Banjar","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"blk","autonym":"ပအိုဝ်ႏဘာႏသာႏ","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"bm","autonym":"bamanankan","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"bn","autonym":"বাংলা","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"bo","autonym":"བོད་ཡིག","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"bpy","autonym":"বিষ্ণুপ্রিয়া মণিপুরী","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"br","autonym": "brezhoneg","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"bs","autonym":"bosanski","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"btm","autonym":"Batak Mandailing","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"bug","autonym":"Basa Ugi","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"cdo","autonym":"閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ce","autonym":"нохчийн","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ceb","autonym":"Cebuano","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ch","autonym":"Chamoru","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"chr","autonym":"ᏣᎳᎩ","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ckb","autonym":"کوردی","dir":"rtl"},{"lang":"co","autonym":"corsu","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"cr","autonym":"Nēhiyawēwin / ᓀᐦᐃᔭᐍᐏᐣ","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"crh","autonym":"qırımtatarca","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"cu","autonym":"словѣньскъ / ⰔⰎⰑⰂⰡⰐⰠⰔⰍⰟ","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"cy","autonym":"Cymraeg","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"da","autonym":"dansk","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"dag","autonym":"dagbanli","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"de","autonym":"Deutsch","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"dga","autonym":"Dagaare","dir":"ltr"},{"lang": "din","autonym":"Thuɔŋjäŋ","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"diq","autonym":"Zazaki","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"dsb","autonym":"dolnoserbski","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"dtp","autonym":"Kadazandusun","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"dv","autonym":"ދިވެހިބަސް","dir":"rtl"},{"lang":"dz","autonym":"ཇོང་ཁ","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ee","autonym":"eʋegbe","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"eml","autonym":"emiliàn e rumagnòl","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"eu","autonym":"euskara","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"fat","autonym":"mfantse","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ff","autonym":"Fulfulde","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"fi","autonym":"suomi","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"fj","autonym":"Na Vosa Vakaviti","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"fo","autonym":"føroyskt","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"fon","autonym":"fɔ̀ngbè","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"frp","autonym":"arpetan","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"frr","autonym":"Nordfriisk","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"fur","autonym":"furlan","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"fy","autonym":"Frysk","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"gag","autonym":"Gagauz","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"gan", "autonym":"贛語","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"gcr","autonym":"kriyòl gwiyannen","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"glk","autonym":"گیلکی","dir":"rtl"},{"lang":"gn","autonym":"Avañe'ẽ","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"gom","autonym":"गोंयची कोंकणी / Gõychi Konknni","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"gor","autonym":"Bahasa Hulontalo","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"gpe","autonym":"Ghanaian Pidgin","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"gu","autonym":"ગુજરાતી","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"guc","autonym":"wayuunaiki","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"gur","autonym":"farefare","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"guw","autonym":"gungbe","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"gv","autonym":"Gaelg","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ha","autonym":"Hausa","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"hak","autonym":"客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"haw","autonym":"Hawaiʻi","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"hi","autonym":"हिन्दी","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"hif","autonym":"Fiji Hindi","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"hr","autonym":"hrvatski","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"hsb","autonym":"hornjoserbsce","dir": "ltr"},{"lang":"hu","autonym":"magyar","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"hy","autonym":"հայերեն","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"hyw","autonym":"Արեւմտահայերէն","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ia","autonym":"interlingua","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"iba","autonym":"Jaku Iban","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ie","autonym":"Interlingue","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ig","autonym":"Igbo","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"igl","autonym":"Igala","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ilo","autonym":"Ilokano","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"is","autonym":"íslenska","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"iu","autonym":"ᐃᓄᒃᑎᑐᑦ / inuktitut","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ja","autonym":"日本語","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"jam","autonym":"Patois","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"jv","autonym":"Jawa","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"kaa","autonym":"Qaraqalpaqsha","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"kab","autonym":"Taqbaylit","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"kbd","autonym":"адыгэбзэ","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"kbp","autonym":"Kabɩyɛ","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"kcg","autonym":"Tyap","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"kg","autonym":"Kongo","dir": "ltr"},{"lang":"kge","autonym":"Kumoring","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ki","autonym":"Gĩkũyũ","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"kk","autonym":"қазақша","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"kl","autonym":"kalaallisut","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"km","autonym":"ភាសាខ្មែរ","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"kn","autonym":"ಕನ್ನಡ","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"knc","autonym":"Yerwa Kanuri","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ko","autonym":"한국어","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"koi","autonym":"перем коми","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"krc","autonym":"къарачай-малкъар","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ks","autonym":"कॉशुर / کٲشُر","dir":"rtl"},{"lang":"ku","autonym":"kurdî","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"kus","autonym":"Kʋsaal","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"kv","autonym":"коми","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"kw","autonym":"kernowek","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ky","autonym":"кыргызча","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"lad","autonym":"Ladino","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"lb","autonym":"Lëtzebuergesch","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"lez","autonym":"лезги" ,"dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"lg","autonym":"Luganda","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"li","autonym":"Limburgs","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"lij","autonym":"Ligure","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"lld","autonym":"Ladin","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"lmo","autonym":"lombard","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ln","autonym":"lingála","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"lo","autonym":"ລາວ","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"lt","autonym":"lietuvių","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ltg","autonym":"latgaļu","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"lv","autonym":"latviešu","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"mad","autonym":"Madhurâ","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"mai","autonym":"मैथिली","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"map-bms","autonym":"Basa Banyumasan","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"mdf","autonym":"мокшень","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"mg","autonym":"Malagasy","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"mhr","autonym":"олык марий","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"mi","autonym":"Māori","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"min","autonym":"Minangkabau","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"mk","autonym":"македонски","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ml","autonym": "മലയാളം","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"mn","autonym":"монгол","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"mni","autonym":"ꯃꯤꯇꯩ ꯂꯣꯟ","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"mnw","autonym":"ဘာသာမန်","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"mos","autonym":"moore","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"mr","autonym":"मराठी","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"mrj","autonym":"кырык мары","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ms","autonym":"Bahasa Melayu","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"mt","autonym":"Malti","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"mwl","autonym":"Mirandés","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"my","autonym":"မြန်မာဘာသာ","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"myv","autonym":"эрзянь","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"mzn","autonym":"مازِرونی","dir":"rtl"},{"lang":"nah","autonym":"Nāhuatl","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"nan","autonym":"閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"nap","autonym":"Napulitano","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"nb","autonym":"norsk bokmål","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"nds","autonym":"Plattdüütsch","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"nds-nl","autonym":"Nedersaksies", "dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ne","autonym":"नेपाली","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"new","autonym":"नेपाल भाषा","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"nia","autonym":"Li Niha","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"nl","autonym":"Nederlands","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"nn","autonym":"norsk nynorsk","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"nqo","autonym":"ߒߞߏ","dir":"rtl"},{"lang":"nr","autonym":"isiNdebele seSewula","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"nso","autonym":"Sesotho sa Leboa","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ny","autonym":"Chi-Chewa","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"oc","autonym":"occitan","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"om","autonym":"Oromoo","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"or","autonym":"ଓଡ଼ିଆ","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"os","autonym":"ирон","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"pa","autonym":"ਪੰਜਾਬੀ","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"pag","autonym":"Pangasinan","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"pam","autonym":"Kapampangan","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"pap","autonym":"Papiamentu","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"pcd","autonym":"Picard","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"pcm","autonym":"Naijá","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"pdc", "autonym":"Deitsch","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"pl","autonym":"polski","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"pms","autonym":"Piemontèis","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"pnb","autonym":"پنجابی","dir":"rtl"},{"lang":"pwn","autonym":"pinayuanan","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"qu","autonym":"Runa Simi","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"rm","autonym":"rumantsch","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"rn","autonym":"ikirundi","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"rsk","autonym":"руски","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"rue","autonym":"русиньскый","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"rup","autonym":"armãneashti","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"rw","autonym":"Ikinyarwanda","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"sa","autonym":"संस्कृतम्","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"sah","autonym":"саха тыла","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"sat","autonym":"ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"sc","autonym":"sardu","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"scn","autonym":"sicilianu","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"sco","autonym":"Scots","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"sd","autonym":"سنڌي","dir":"rtl"},{"lang":"se","autonym":"davvisámegiella", "dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"sg","autonym":"Sängö","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"sgs","autonym":"žemaitėška","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"sh","autonym":"srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"shi","autonym":"Taclḥit","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"shn","autonym":"ၽႃႇသႃႇတႆး ","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"si","autonym":"සිංහල","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"skr","autonym":"سرائیکی","dir":"rtl"},{"lang":"sm","autonym":"Gagana Samoa","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"smn","autonym":"anarâškielâ","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"sn","autonym":"chiShona","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"so","autonym":"Soomaaliga","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"sq","autonym":"shqip","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"sr","autonym":"српски / srpski","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"srn","autonym":"Sranantongo","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ss","autonym":"SiSwati","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"st","autonym":"Sesotho","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"stq","autonym":"Seeltersk","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"su","autonym":"Sunda","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"sw","autonym":"Kiswahili", "dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"szl","autonym":"ślůnski","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"tay","autonym":"Tayal","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"tcy","autonym":"ತುಳು","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"tdd","autonym":"ᥖᥭᥰ ᥖᥬᥲ ᥑᥨᥒᥰ","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"tet","autonym":"tetun","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"tg","autonym":"тоҷикӣ","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"th","autonym":"ไทย","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ti","autonym":"ትግርኛ","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"tig","autonym":"ትግሬ","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"tk","autonym":"Türkmençe","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"tl","autonym":"Tagalog","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"tly","autonym":"tolışi","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"tn","autonym":"Setswana","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"to","autonym":"lea faka-Tonga","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"tpi","autonym":"Tok Pisin","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"trv","autonym":"Seediq","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ts","autonym":"Xitsonga","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"tt","autonym":"татарча / tatarça","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"tum","autonym":"chiTumbuka","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"tw","autonym": "Twi","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ty","autonym":"reo tahiti","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"tyv","autonym":"тыва дыл","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"udm","autonym":"удмурт","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"ur","autonym":"اردو","dir":"rtl"},{"lang":"ve","autonym":"Tshivenda","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"vec","autonym":"vèneto","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"vep","autonym":"vepsän kel’","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"vls","autonym":"West-Vlams","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"vo","autonym":"Volapük","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"vro","autonym":"võro","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"wa","autonym":"walon","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"war","autonym":"Winaray","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"wo","autonym":"Wolof","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"xal","autonym":"хальмг","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"xh","autonym":"isiXhosa","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"xmf","autonym":"მარგალური","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"yi","autonym":"ייִדיש","dir":"rtl"},{"lang":"yo","autonym":"Yorùbá","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"yue","autonym":"粵語","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"za","autonym":"Vahcuengh","dir": "ltr"},{"lang":"zgh","autonym":"ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵡⴰⵢⵜ","dir":"ltr"},{"lang":"zu","autonym":"isiZulu","dir":"ltr"}],"wgSectionTranslationTargetLanguages":["ace","ady","alt","am","ami","an","ang","ann","anp","ar","ary","arz","as","ast","av","avk","awa","ay","az","azb","ba","ban","bar","bbc","bcl","bdr","be","bew","bg","bho","bi","bjn","blk","bm","bn","bo","bpy","br","bs","btm","bug","ca","cdo","ce","ceb","ch","chr","ckb","co","cr","crh","cs","cu","cy","da","dag","de","dga","din","diq","dsb","dtp","dv","dz","ee","el","eml","eo","es","et","eu","fa","fat","ff","fi","fj","fo","fon","fr","frp","frr","fur","fy","gag","gan","gcr","gl","glk","gn","gom","gor","gpe","gu","guc","gur","guw","gv","ha","hak","haw","he","hi","hif","hr","hsb","ht","hu","hy","hyw","ia","iba","ie","ig","igl","ilo","io","is","it","iu","ja","jam","jv","ka","kaa","kab","kbd","kbp","kcg","kg","kge","ki","kk","kl","km","kn","knc","ko","koi","krc","ks","ku","kus","kv","kw","ky","lad","lb","lez","lg", "li","lij","lld","lmo","ln","lo","lt","ltg","lv","mad","mai","map-bms","mdf","mg","mhr","mi","min","mk","ml","mn","mni","mnw","mos","mr","mrj","ms","mt","mwl","my","myv","mzn","nah","nan","nap","nb","nds","nds-nl","ne","new","nia","nl","nn","nqo","nr","nso","ny","oc","om","or","os","pa","pag","pam","pap","pcd","pcm","pdc","pl","pms","pnb","ps","pt","pwn","qu","rm","rn","ro","rsk","rue","rup","rw","sa","sah","sat","sc","scn","sco","sd","se","sg","sgs","sh","shi","shn","si","sk","skr","sl","sm","smn","sn","so","sq","sr","srn","ss","st","stq","su","sv","sw","szl","ta","tay","tcy","tdd","te","tet","tg","th","ti","tig","tk","tl","tly","tn","to","tpi","tr","trv","ts","tt","tum","tw","ty","tyv","udm","ur","uz","ve","vec","vep","vi","vls","vo","vro","wa","war","wo","wuu","xal","xh","xmf","yi","yo","yue","za","zgh","zh","zu"],"isLanguageSearcherCXEntrypointEnabled":true,"mintEntrypointLanguages":["ace","ast","azb","bcl","bjn","bh","crh","ff","fon","ig","is","ki","ks","lmo","min","sat","ss","tn" ,"vec"],"wgWikibaseItemId":"Q968159","wgCheckUserClientHintsHeadersJsApi":["brands","architecture","bitness","fullVersionList","mobile","model","platform","platformVersion"],"GEHomepageSuggestedEditsEnableTopics":true,"wgGETopicsMatchModeEnabled":false,"wgGEStructuredTaskRejectionReasonTextInputEnabled":false,"wgGELevelingUpEnabledForUser":false,"wgMinervaPermissions":{"watchable":true,"watch":false},"wgMinervaFeatures":{"beta":false,"donate":true,"mobileOptionsLink":true,"categories":false,"pageIssues":true,"talkAtTop":true,"historyInPageActions":false,"overflowSubmenu":false,"tabsOnSpecials":true,"personalMenu":false,"mainMenuExpanded":false,"echo":true,"nightMode":true},"wgMinervaDownloadNamespaces":[0]};RLSTATE={"ext.globalCssJs.user.styles":"ready","site.styles":"ready","user.styles":"ready","ext.globalCssJs.user":"ready","user":"ready","user.options":"loading","ext.cite.styles":"ready","mediawiki.page.gallery.styles":"ready","skins.minerva.styles":"ready", "skins.minerva.content.styles.images":"ready","mediawiki.hlist":"ready","skins.minerva.codex.styles":"ready","skins.minerva.icons":"ready","skins.minerva.amc.styles":"ready","ext.wikimediamessages.styles":"ready","mobile.init.styles":"ready","ext.relatedArticles.styles":"ready","wikibase.client.init":"ready","ext.wikimediaBadges":"ready"};RLPAGEMODULES=["ext.cite.ux-enhancements","mediawiki.page.media","site","mediawiki.page.ready","skins.minerva.scripts","ext.centralNotice.geoIP","ext.centralNotice.startUp","ext.gadget.switcher","ext.urlShortener.toolbar","ext.centralauth.centralautologin","ext.popups","mobile.init","ext.echo.centralauth","ext.relatedArticles.readMore.bootstrap","ext.eventLogging","ext.wikimediaEvents","ext.navigationTiming","ext.cx.eventlogging.campaigns","ext.cx.entrypoints.mffrequentlanguages","ext.cx.entrypoints.languagesearcher.init","mw.externalguidance.init","ext.checkUser.clientHints","ext.growthExperiments.SuggestedEditSession"];</script> <script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.loader.impl(function(){return["user.options@12s5i",function($,jQuery,require,module){mw.user.tokens.set({"patrolToken":"+\\","watchToken":"+\\","csrfToken":"+\\"}); }];});});</script> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=ext.cite.styles%7Cext.relatedArticles.styles%7Cext.wikimediaBadges%7Cext.wikimediamessages.styles%7Cmediawiki.hlist%7Cmediawiki.page.gallery.styles%7Cmobile.init.styles%7Cskins.minerva.amc.styles%7Cskins.minerva.codex.styles%7Cskins.minerva.content.styles.images%7Cskins.minerva.icons%2Cstyles%7Cwikibase.client.init&only=styles&skin=minerva"> <script async="" src="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=startup&only=scripts&raw=1&skin=minerva"></script> <meta name="ResourceLoaderDynamicStyles" content=""> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=site.styles&only=styles&skin=minerva"> <meta name="generator" content="MediaWiki 1.44.0-wmf.16"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin-when-cross-origin"> <meta name="robots" content="max-image-preview:standard"> <meta name="format-detection" content="telephone=no"> <meta name="theme-color" content="#eaecf0"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0, user-scalable=yes, minimum-scale=0.25, maximum-scale=5.0"> <meta property="og:title" content="Art movement - Wikipedia"> <meta property="og:type" content="website"> <link rel="preconnect" href="//upload.wikimedia.org"> <link rel="manifest" href="/w/api.php?action=webapp-manifest"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/x-wiki" title="Edit this page" href="/w/index.php?title=Art_movement&action=edit"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="/static/apple-touch/wikipedia.png"> <link rel="icon" href="/static/favicon/wikipedia.ico"> <link rel="search" type="application/opensearchdescription+xml" href="/w/rest.php/v1/search" title="Wikipedia (en)"> <link rel="EditURI" type="application/rsd+xml" href="//en.wikipedia.org/w/api.php?action=rsd"> <link rel="canonical" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Art_movement"> <link rel="license" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.en"> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//meta.wikimedia.org" /> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="login.wikimedia.org"> </head> <body class="mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject mw-editable page-Art_movement rootpage-Art_movement stable issues-group-B skin-minerva action-view skin--responsive mw-mf-amc-disabled mw-mf"><div id="mw-mf-viewport"> <div id="mw-mf-page-center"> <a class="mw-mf-page-center__mask" href="#"></a> <header class="header-container header-chrome"> <div class="minerva-header"> <nav class="navigation-drawer toggle-list view-border-box"> <input type="checkbox" id="main-menu-input" class="toggle-list__checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false" aria-labelledby="mw-mf-main-menu-button"> <label role="button" for="main-menu-input" id="mw-mf-main-menu-button" aria-hidden="true" data-event-name="ui.mainmenu" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet toggle-list__toggle"> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--menu"></span> <span></span> </label> <div id="mw-mf-page-left" class="menu view-border-box"> <ul id="p-navigation" class="toggle-list__list"> <li class="toggle-list-item "> <a class="toggle-list-item__anchor menu__item--home" href="/wiki/Main_Page" data-mw="interface"> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--home"></span> <span class="toggle-list-item__label">Home</span> </a> </li> <li class="toggle-list-item "> <a class="toggle-list-item__anchor menu__item--random" href="/wiki/Special:Random" data-mw="interface"> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--die"></span> <span class="toggle-list-item__label">Random</span> </a> </li> <li class="toggle-list-item skin-minerva-list-item-jsonly"> <a class="toggle-list-item__anchor menu__item--nearby" href="/wiki/Special:Nearby" data-event-name="menu.nearby" data-mw="interface"> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--mapPin"></span> <span class="toggle-list-item__label">Nearby</span> </a> </li> </ul> <ul id="p-personal" class="toggle-list__list"> <li class="toggle-list-item "> <a class="toggle-list-item__anchor mw-list-item menu__item--login" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=Art+movement" data-event-name="menu.login" data-mw="interface"> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--logIn"></span> <span class="toggle-list-item__label">Log in</span> </a> </li> </ul> <ul id="pt-preferences" class="toggle-list__list"> <li class="toggle-list-item skin-minerva-list-item-jsonly"> <a class="toggle-list-item__anchor menu__item--settings" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:MobileOptions&returnto=Art+movement" data-event-name="menu.settings" data-mw="interface"> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--settings"></span> <span class="toggle-list-item__label">Settings</span> </a> </li> </ul> <ul id="p-donation" class="toggle-list__list"> <li class="toggle-list-item "> <a class="toggle-list-item__anchor menu__item--donate" href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/?wmf_source=donate&wmf_medium=sidebar&wmf_campaign=en.wikipedia.org&uselang=en&wmf_key=minerva" data-event-name="menu.donate" data-mw="interface"> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--heart"></span> <span class="toggle-list-item__label">Donate</span> </a> </li> </ul> <ul class="hlist"> <li class="toggle-list-item "> <a class="toggle-list-item__anchor menu__item--about" href="/wiki/Wikipedia:About" data-mw="interface"> <span class="toggle-list-item__label">About Wikipedia</span> </a> </li> <li class="toggle-list-item "> <a class="toggle-list-item__anchor menu__item--disclaimers" href="/wiki/Wikipedia:General_disclaimer" data-mw="interface"> <span class="toggle-list-item__label">Disclaimers</span> </a> </li> </ul> </div> <label class="main-menu-mask" for="main-menu-input"></label> </nav> <div class="branding-box"> <a href="/wiki/Main_Page"> <span><img src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-en.svg" alt="Wikipedia" width="120" height="18" style="width: 7.5em; height: 1.125em;"/> </span> </a> </div> <form action="/w/index.php" method="get" class="minerva-search-form"> <div class="search-box"> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Special:Search"/> <input class="search skin-minerva-search-trigger" id="searchInput" type="search" name="search" placeholder="Search Wikipedia" aria-label="Search Wikipedia" autocapitalize="sentences" title="Search Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f"> <span class="search-box-icon-overlay"><span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--search"></span> </span> </div> <button id="searchIcon" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet skin-minerva-search-trigger"> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--search"></span> <span>Search</span> </button> </form> <nav class="minerva-user-navigation" aria-label="User navigation"> </nav> </div> </header> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <div class="banner-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="pre-content heading-holder"> <div class="page-heading"> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Art movement</span></h1> <div class="tagline"></div> </div> <ul id="p-associated-pages" class="minerva__tab-container"> <li class="minerva__tab selected mw-list-item"> <a class="minerva__tab-text" href="/wiki/Art_movement" rel="" data-event-name="tabs.main">Article</a> </li> <li class="minerva__tab mw-list-item"> <a class="minerva__tab-text" href="/wiki/Talk:Art_movement" rel="discussion" data-event-name="tabs.talk">Talk</a> </li> </ul> <nav class="page-actions-menu"> <ul id="p-views" class="page-actions-menu__list"> <li id="language-selector" class="page-actions-menu__list-item"> <a role="button" href="#p-lang" data-mw="interface" data-event-name="menu.languages" title="Language" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet language-selector"> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--language"></span> <span>Language</span> </a> </li> <li id="page-actions-watch" class="page-actions-menu__list-item"> <a role="button" id="ca-watch" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=Art+movement" data-event-name="menu.watch" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet menu__item--page-actions-watch"> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--star"></span> <span>Watch</span> </a> </li> <li id="page-actions-edit" class="page-actions-menu__list-item"> <a role="button" id="ca-edit" href="/w/index.php?title=Art_movement&action=edit" data-event-name="menu.edit" data-mw="interface" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet edit-page menu__item--page-actions-edit"> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>Edit</span> </a> </li> </ul> </nav>  <div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="content"> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><script>function mfTempOpenSection(id){var block=document.getElementById("mf-section-"+id);block.className+=" open-block";block.previousSibling.className+=" open-block";}</script><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><section class="mf-section-0" id="mf-section-0"> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li:last-child::after{content:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:first-child::before{content:" (";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:last-child::after{content:")";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol{counter-reset:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li{counter-increment:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li::before{content:" "counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li ol>li:first-child::before{content:" ("counter(listitem)"\a0 "}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1246091330">.mw-parser-output .sidebar{width:22em;float:right;clear:right;margin:0.5em 0 1em 1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa);border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);padding:0.2em;text-align:center;line-height:1.4em;font-size:88%;border-collapse:collapse;display:table}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .sidebar{display:table!important;float:right!important;margin:0.5em 0 1em 1em!important}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-subgroup{width:100%;margin:0;border-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-left{float:left;clear:left;margin:0.5em 1em 1em 0}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-none{float:none;clear:both;margin:0.5em 1em 1em 0}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-outer-title{padding:0 0.4em 0.2em;font-size:125%;line-height:1.2em;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-top-image{padding:0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-top-caption,.mw-parser-output .sidebar-pretitle-with-top-image,.mw-parser-output .sidebar-caption{padding:0.2em 0.4em 0;line-height:1.2em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-pretitle{padding:0.4em 0.4em 0;line-height:1.2em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-title,.mw-parser-output .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{padding:0.2em 0.8em;font-size:145%;line-height:1.2em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{padding:0.1em 0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-image{padding:0.2em 0.4em 0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-heading{padding:0.1em 0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-content{padding:0 0.5em 0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-content-with-subgroup{padding:0.1em 0.4em 0.2em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-above,.mw-parser-output .sidebar-below{padding:0.3em 0.8em;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-collapse .sidebar-above,.mw-parser-output .sidebar-collapse .sidebar-below{border-top:1px solid #aaa;border-bottom:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-navbar{text-align:right;font-size:115%;padding:0 0.4em 0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-list-title{padding:0 0.4em;text-align:left;font-weight:bold;line-height:1.6em;font-size:105%}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-list-title-c{padding:0 0.4em;text-align:center;margin:0 3.3em}@media(max-width:640px){body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .sidebar{width:100%!important;clear:both;float:none!important;margin-left:0!important;margin-right:0!important}}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .sidebar a>img{max-width:none!important}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-list-title,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-list-title,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sidebar{display:none!important}}</style> <p>An <b>art movement</b> is a tendency or style in <a href="/wiki/Art" title="Art">art</a> with a specific art philosophy or goal, followed by a group of artists during a specific period of time, (usually a few months, years or decades) or, at least, with the heyday of the movement defined within a number of years. Art movements were especially important in <a href="/wiki/Modern_art" title="Modern art">modern art</a>, when each consecutive movement was considered a new <a href="/wiki/Avant-garde" title="Avant-garde">avant-garde</a> movement. <a href="/wiki/Western_art" class="mw-redirect" title="Western art">Western art</a> had been, from the Renaissance up to the middle of the 19th century, underpinned by the logic of <a href="/wiki/Perspective_(graphical)" title="Perspective (graphical)">perspective</a> and an attempt to reproduce an illusion of visible reality (<a href="/wiki/Figurative_art" title="Figurative art">figurative art</a>). By the end of the 19th century many artists felt a need to create a new <a href="/wiki/Style_(visual_arts)" title="Style (visual arts)">style</a> which would encompass the fundamental changes taking place in technology, science and philosophy (<a href="/wiki/Abstract_art" title="Abstract art">abstract art</a>).<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div id="toc" class="toc" role="navigation" aria-labelledby="mw-toc-heading"><input type="checkbox" role="button" id="toctogglecheckbox" class="toctogglecheckbox" style="display:none"><div class="toctitle" lang="en" dir="ltr"><h2 id="mw-toc-heading">Contents</h2><span class="toctogglespan"><label class="toctogglelabel" for="toctogglecheckbox"></label></span></div> <ul> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-1"><a href="#Concept"><span class="tocnumber">1</span> <span class="toctext">Concept</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-2"><a href="#19th_century"><span class="tocnumber">2</span> <span class="toctext">19th century</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-3"><a href="#20th_century"><span class="tocnumber">3</span> <span class="toctext">20th century</span></a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-4"><a href="#1900%E2%80%931921"><span class="tocnumber">3.1</span> <span class="toctext">1900–1921</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-5"><a href="#1920%E2%80%931945"><span class="tocnumber">3.2</span> <span class="toctext">1920–1945</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-6"><a href="#1940%E2%80%931965"><span class="tocnumber">3.3</span> <span class="toctext">1940–1965</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-7"><a href="#1965%E2%80%932000"><span class="tocnumber">3.4</span> <span class="toctext">1965–2000</span></a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-8"><a href="#21st_century"><span class="tocnumber">4</span> <span class="toctext">21st century</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-9"><a href="#See_also"><span class="tocnumber">5</span> <span class="toctext">See also</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-10"><a href="#References"><span class="tocnumber">6</span> <span class="toctext">References</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-11"><a href="#External_links"><span class="tocnumber">7</span> <span class="toctext">External links</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(1)"><span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span><h2 id="Concept">Concept</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Art_movement&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Concept" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div><section class="mf-section-1 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-1"> <p>According to theories associated with <a href="/wiki/Modernism" title="Modernism">modernism</a> and also the concept of <a href="/wiki/Postmodern_art" title="Postmodern art">postmodernism</a>, <i>art movements</i> are especially important during the period of time corresponding to <a href="/wiki/Modern_art" title="Modern art">modern art</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The period of time called "modern art" is posited to have changed approximately halfway through the 20th century and art made afterward is generally called <a href="/wiki/Contemporary_art" title="Contemporary art">contemporary art</a>. <a href="/wiki/Postmodern_art" title="Postmodern art">Postmodernism</a> in visual art begins and functions as a parallel to <a href="/wiki/Late_modernism" title="Late modernism">late modernism</a><sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and refers to that period after the "modern" period called contemporary art.<sup id="cite_ref-Deconstructionists,_2006,_pp218-221_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Deconstructionists,_2006,_pp218-221-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The postmodern period began during <a href="/wiki/Late_modernism" title="Late modernism">late modernism</a> (which is a contemporary continuation of modernism), and according to some theorists postmodernism ended in the 21st century.<sup id="cite_ref-ReferenceA_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ReferenceA-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-William_R._Everdell_1997,_p4_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-William_R._Everdell_1997,_p4-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> During the period of time corresponding to "modern art" each consecutive movement was often considered a new <a href="/wiki/Avant-garde" title="Avant-garde">avant-garde</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-ReferenceA_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ReferenceA-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Also during the period of time referred to as "modern art" each movement was seen corresponding to a somewhat grandiose rethinking of all that came before it, concerning the visual arts. Generally there was a commonality of visual style linking the works and artists included in an art movement. Verbal expression and explanation of movements has come from the artists themselves, sometimes in the form of an <a href="/wiki/Art_manifesto" title="Art manifesto">art manifesto</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-introduction_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-introduction-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and sometimes from <a href="/wiki/Art_critic" title="Art critic">art critics</a> and others who may explain their understanding of the meaning of the new art then being produced. </p><p>In the <a href="/wiki/Visual_arts" title="Visual arts">visual arts</a>, many artists, theorists, art critics, art collectors, art dealers and others mindful of the unbroken continuation of modernism and the continuation of modern art even into the contemporary era, ascribe to and welcome new philosophies of art as they appear.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Postmodern_art" title="Postmodern art">Postmodernist</a> theorists posit that the idea of art movements are no longer as applicable, or no longer as discernible, as the notion of art movements had been before the postmodern era.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> There are many theorists however who doubt as to whether or not such an era was actually a fact;<sup id="cite_ref-ReferenceA_5-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ReferenceA-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> or just a passing fad.<sup id="cite_ref-William_R._Everdell_1997,_p4_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-William_R._Everdell_1997,_p4-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The term refers to tendencies in <a href="/wiki/Visual_art" class="mw-redirect" title="Visual art">visual art</a>, novel ideas and <a href="/wiki/Architecture" title="Architecture">architecture</a>, and sometimes <a href="/wiki/Literature" title="Literature">literature</a>. In <a href="/wiki/Music" title="Music">music</a> it is more common to speak about <a href="/wiki/Genre" title="Genre">genres</a> and <a href="/wiki/Fashion" title="Fashion">styles</a> instead. See also <a href="/wiki/Cultural_movement" title="Cultural movement">cultural movement</a>, a term with a broader connotation.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (December 2024)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>As the names of many art movements use the -ism suffix (for example <a href="/wiki/Cubism" title="Cubism">cubism</a> and <a href="/wiki/Futurism_(art)" class="mw-redirect" title="Futurism (art)">futurism</a>), they are sometimes referred to as <i>isms</i>. </p> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(2)"><span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span><h2 id="19th_century">19th century</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Art_movement&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: 19th century" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div><section class="mf-section-2 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-2"> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional" style="max-width: 812px;"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 195px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 190px; height: 190px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Jacques-Louis_David_-_The_Coronation_of_Napoleon_(1805-1807).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Jacques-Louis David, The Coronation of Napoleon, (1806), Musée du Louvre, neoclassicism"><noscript><img alt="Jacques-Louis David, The Coronation of Napoleon, (1806), Musée du Louvre, neoclassicism" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1e/Jacques-Louis_David_-_The_Coronation_of_Napoleon_%281805-1807%29.jpg/160px-Jacques-Louis_David_-_The_Coronation_of_Napoleon_%281805-1807%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="160" height="101" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="6000" data-file-height="3773"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 160px;height: 101px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1e/Jacques-Louis_David_-_The_Coronation_of_Napoleon_%281805-1807%29.jpg/160px-Jacques-Louis_David_-_The_Coronation_of_Napoleon_%281805-1807%29.jpg" data-alt="Jacques-Louis David, The Coronation of Napoleon, (1806), Musée du Louvre, neoclassicism" data-width="160" data-height="101" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1e/Jacques-Louis_David_-_The_Coronation_of_Napoleon_%281805-1807%29.jpg/240px-Jacques-Louis_David_-_The_Coronation_of_Napoleon_%281805-1807%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1e/Jacques-Louis_David_-_The_Coronation_of_Napoleon_%281805-1807%29.jpg/320px-Jacques-Louis_David_-_The_Coronation_of_Napoleon_%281805-1807%29.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Jacques-Louis_David" title="Jacques-Louis David">Jacques-Louis David</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/The_Coronation_of_Napoleon" title="The Coronation of Napoleon">The Coronation of Napoleon</a></i>, (1806), <a href="/wiki/Mus%C3%A9e_du_Louvre" class="mw-redirect" title="Musée du Louvre">Musée du Louvre</a>, <a href="/wiki/Neoclassicism" title="Neoclassicism">neoclassicism</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 195px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 190px; height: 190px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:La_Libert%C3%A9_guidant_le_peuple_-_Eug%C3%A8ne_Delacroix_-_Mus%C3%A9e_du_Louvre_Peintures_RF_129_-_apr%C3%A8s_restauration_2024.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Eugène Delacroix, Liberty Leading the People 1830, Romanticism"><noscript><img alt="Eugène Delacroix, Liberty Leading the People 1830, Romanticism" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/02/La_Libert%C3%A9_guidant_le_peuple_-_Eug%C3%A8ne_Delacroix_-_Mus%C3%A9e_du_Louvre_Peintures_RF_129_-_apr%C3%A8s_restauration_2024.jpg/160px-La_Libert%C3%A9_guidant_le_peuple_-_Eug%C3%A8ne_Delacroix_-_Mus%C3%A9e_du_Louvre_Peintures_RF_129_-_apr%C3%A8s_restauration_2024.jpg" decoding="async" width="160" height="128" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="10128" data-file-height="8103"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 160px;height: 128px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/02/La_Libert%C3%A9_guidant_le_peuple_-_Eug%C3%A8ne_Delacroix_-_Mus%C3%A9e_du_Louvre_Peintures_RF_129_-_apr%C3%A8s_restauration_2024.jpg/160px-La_Libert%C3%A9_guidant_le_peuple_-_Eug%C3%A8ne_Delacroix_-_Mus%C3%A9e_du_Louvre_Peintures_RF_129_-_apr%C3%A8s_restauration_2024.jpg" data-alt="Eugène Delacroix, Liberty Leading the People 1830, Romanticism" data-width="160" data-height="128" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/02/La_Libert%C3%A9_guidant_le_peuple_-_Eug%C3%A8ne_Delacroix_-_Mus%C3%A9e_du_Louvre_Peintures_RF_129_-_apr%C3%A8s_restauration_2024.jpg/240px-La_Libert%C3%A9_guidant_le_peuple_-_Eug%C3%A8ne_Delacroix_-_Mus%C3%A9e_du_Louvre_Peintures_RF_129_-_apr%C3%A8s_restauration_2024.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/02/La_Libert%C3%A9_guidant_le_peuple_-_Eug%C3%A8ne_Delacroix_-_Mus%C3%A9e_du_Louvre_Peintures_RF_129_-_apr%C3%A8s_restauration_2024.jpg/320px-La_Libert%C3%A9_guidant_le_peuple_-_Eug%C3%A8ne_Delacroix_-_Mus%C3%A9e_du_Louvre_Peintures_RF_129_-_apr%C3%A8s_restauration_2024.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Eug%C3%A8ne_Delacroix" title="Eugène Delacroix">Eugène Delacroix</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/Liberty_Leading_the_People" title="Liberty Leading the People">Liberty Leading the People</a></i> 1830, <a href="/wiki/Romanticism" title="Romanticism">Romanticism</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 195px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 190px; height: 190px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Cole_Thomas_The_Course_of_Empire_The_Savage_State_1836.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Thomas Cole, The Course of Empire: The Savage State, 1836, Hudson River School"><noscript><img alt="Thomas Cole, The Course of Empire: The Savage State, 1836, Hudson River School" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Cole_Thomas_The_Course_of_Empire_The_Savage_State_1836.jpg/160px-Cole_Thomas_The_Course_of_Empire_The_Savage_State_1836.jpg" decoding="async" width="160" height="99" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="8880" data-file-height="5520"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 160px;height: 99px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Cole_Thomas_The_Course_of_Empire_The_Savage_State_1836.jpg/160px-Cole_Thomas_The_Course_of_Empire_The_Savage_State_1836.jpg" data-alt="Thomas Cole, The Course of Empire: The Savage State, 1836, Hudson River School" data-width="160" data-height="99" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Cole_Thomas_The_Course_of_Empire_The_Savage_State_1836.jpg/240px-Cole_Thomas_The_Course_of_Empire_The_Savage_State_1836.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Cole_Thomas_The_Course_of_Empire_The_Savage_State_1836.jpg/320px-Cole_Thomas_The_Course_of_Empire_The_Savage_State_1836.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Cole" title="Thomas Cole">Thomas Cole</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/The_Course_of_Empire_(paintings)" title="The Course of Empire (paintings)">The Course of Empire: The Savage State</a></i>, 1836, <a href="/wiki/Hudson_River_School" title="Hudson River School">Hudson River School</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 195px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 190px; height: 190px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Gustave_Courbet_018.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Gustave Courbet, Stone-Breakers, 1849, Realist School"><noscript><img alt="Gustave Courbet, Stone-Breakers, 1849, Realist School" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/Gustave_Courbet_018.jpg/160px-Gustave_Courbet_018.jpg" decoding="async" width="160" height="98" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="2048" data-file-height="1249"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 160px;height: 98px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/Gustave_Courbet_018.jpg/160px-Gustave_Courbet_018.jpg" data-alt="Gustave Courbet, Stone-Breakers, 1849, Realist School" data-width="160" data-height="98" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/Gustave_Courbet_018.jpg/240px-Gustave_Courbet_018.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/Gustave_Courbet_018.jpg/320px-Gustave_Courbet_018.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Gustave_Courbet" title="Gustave Courbet">Gustave Courbet</a>, <i>Stone-Breakers</i>, 1849, <a href="/wiki/Realism_(arts)" title="Realism (arts)">Realist School</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 195px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 190px; height: 190px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Corot.villedavray.750pix.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Jean-Baptiste-Camille Corot, c. 1867, Ville d'Avray National Gallery of Art, Washington, D.C., Barbizon School[14]"><noscript><img alt="Jean-Baptiste-Camille Corot, c. 1867, Ville d'Avray National Gallery of Art, Washington, D.C., Barbizon School[14]" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Corot.villedavray.750pix.jpg/160px-Corot.villedavray.750pix.jpg" decoding="async" width="160" height="120" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="3000" data-file-height="2255"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 160px;height: 120px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Corot.villedavray.750pix.jpg/160px-Corot.villedavray.750pix.jpg" data-alt="Jean-Baptiste-Camille Corot, c. 1867, Ville d'Avray National Gallery of Art, Washington, D.C., Barbizon School[14]" data-width="160" data-height="120" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Corot.villedavray.750pix.jpg/240px-Corot.villedavray.750pix.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Corot.villedavray.750pix.jpg/320px-Corot.villedavray.750pix.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Jean-Baptiste-Camille_Corot" title="Jean-Baptiste-Camille Corot">Jean-Baptiste-Camille Corot</a>, <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 1867</span>, <i><a href="/wiki/Ville_d%27Avray_(painting)" class="mw-redirect" title="Ville d'Avray (painting)">Ville d'Avray</a></i> <a href="/wiki/National_Gallery_of_Art" title="National Gallery of Art">National Gallery of Art</a>, <a href="/wiki/Washington,_D.C." title="Washington, D.C.">Washington, D.C.</a>, <a href="/wiki/Barbizon_School" title="Barbizon School">Barbizon School</a><sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 195px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 190px; height: 190px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Claude_Monet_-_Graystaks_I.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="Claude Monet, Haystacks, (sunset), 1890–1891, Museum of Fine Arts, Boston, Impressionism"><noscript><img alt="Claude Monet, Haystacks, (sunset), 1890–1891, Museum of Fine Arts, Boston, Impressionism" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Claude_Monet_-_Graystaks_I.JPG/160px-Claude_Monet_-_Graystaks_I.JPG" decoding="async" width="160" height="126" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="4719" data-file-height="3713"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 160px;height: 126px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Claude_Monet_-_Graystaks_I.JPG/160px-Claude_Monet_-_Graystaks_I.JPG" data-alt="Claude Monet, Haystacks, (sunset), 1890–1891, Museum of Fine Arts, Boston, Impressionism" data-width="160" data-height="126" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Claude_Monet_-_Graystaks_I.JPG/240px-Claude_Monet_-_Graystaks_I.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Claude_Monet_-_Graystaks_I.JPG/320px-Claude_Monet_-_Graystaks_I.JPG 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Claude_Monet" title="Claude Monet">Claude Monet</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/Haystacks_(Monet)" class="mw-redirect" title="Haystacks (Monet)">Haystacks, (sunset)</a></i>, 1890–1891, <a href="/wiki/Museum_of_Fine_Arts,_Boston" title="Museum of Fine Arts, Boston">Museum of Fine Arts, Boston</a>, <a href="/wiki/Impressionism" title="Impressionism">Impressionism</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 195px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 190px; height: 190px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Van_Gogh_-_Starry_Night_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Vincent van Gogh, The Starry Night, 1889, Post-Impressionism"><noscript><img alt="Vincent van Gogh, The Starry Night, 1889, Post-Impressionism" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/Van_Gogh_-_Starry_Night_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg/160px-Van_Gogh_-_Starry_Night_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg" decoding="async" width="160" height="127" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="30000" data-file-height="23756"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 160px;height: 127px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/Van_Gogh_-_Starry_Night_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg/160px-Van_Gogh_-_Starry_Night_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg" data-alt="Vincent van Gogh, The Starry Night, 1889, Post-Impressionism" data-width="160" data-height="127" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/Van_Gogh_-_Starry_Night_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg/240px-Van_Gogh_-_Starry_Night_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/Van_Gogh_-_Starry_Night_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg/320px-Van_Gogh_-_Starry_Night_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Vincent_van_Gogh" title="Vincent van Gogh">Vincent van Gogh</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/The_Starry_Night" title="The Starry Night">The Starry Night</a>,</i> 1889, <a href="/wiki/Post-Impressionism" title="Post-Impressionism">Post-Impressionism</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 195px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 190px; height: 190px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:The_Scream.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Edvard Munch, The Scream, early example of Expressionism"><noscript><img alt="Edvard Munch, The Scream, early example of Expressionism" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f4/The_Scream.jpg/125px-The_Scream.jpg" decoding="async" width="125" height="160" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="3000" data-file-height="3822"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 125px;height: 160px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f4/The_Scream.jpg/125px-The_Scream.jpg" data-alt="Edvard Munch, The Scream, early example of Expressionism" data-width="125" data-height="160" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f4/The_Scream.jpg/188px-The_Scream.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f4/The_Scream.jpg/251px-The_Scream.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Edvard_Munch" title="Edvard Munch">Edvard Munch</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/The_Scream" title="The Scream">The Scream</a></i>, early example of <a href="/wiki/Expressionism" title="Expressionism">Expressionism</a></div> </li> </ul> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1184024115">.mw-parser-output .div-col{margin-top:0.3em;column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .div-col-small{font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .div-col-rules{column-rule:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .div-col dl,.mw-parser-output .div-col ol,.mw-parser-output .div-col ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .div-col li,.mw-parser-output .div-col dd{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}</style><div class="div-col"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Academic_art" title="Academic art">Academic</a>, <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 16th century</span>–20th century</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aesthetic_Movement" class="mw-redirect" title="Aesthetic Movement">Aesthetic Movement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/American_Barbizon_school" class="mw-redirect" title="American Barbizon school">American Barbizon school</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/American_Impressionism" title="American Impressionism">American Impressionism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amsterdam_Impressionism" title="Amsterdam Impressionism">Amsterdam Impressionism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Art_Nouveau" title="Art Nouveau">Art Nouveau</a>, <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 1890</span>–1910</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arts_and_Crafts_Movement" class="mw-redirect" title="Arts and Crafts Movement">Arts and Crafts Movement</a>, founded 1860s</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barbizon_school" class="mw-redirect" title="Barbizon school">Barbizon school</a>, <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 1830s</span>–1870s</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Biedermeier" title="Biedermeier">Biedermeier</a>, <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 1815</span>–1848</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cloisonnism" title="Cloisonnism">Cloisonnism</a>, <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 1888</span>–1900s (decade)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Danish_Golden_Age" title="Danish Golden Age">Danish Golden Age</a> <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 1800s</span>-1850s</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Decadent_movement" title="Decadent movement">Decadent movement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Divisionism" title="Divisionism">Divisionism</a>, <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 1880s</span>–1910s</li> <li><a href="/wiki/D%C3%BCsseldorf_School" class="mw-redirect" title="Düsseldorf School">Düsseldorf School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Etching_revival" title="Etching revival">Etching revival</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Expressionism" title="Expressionism">Expressionism</a>, <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 1890</span>s–1930s</li> <li><a href="/wiki/German_Romanticism" title="German Romanticism">German Romanticism</a>, <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 1790s</span>–1850s</li> <li><span title="German-language text"><i lang="de"><a href="/wiki/Gr%C3%BCnderzeit" title="Gründerzeit">Gründerzeit</a></i></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hague_School" title="Hague School">Hague School</a>, <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 1860s</span>–1890s</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heidelberg_School" title="Heidelberg School">Heidelberg School</a>, <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 1880s</span>–1900s (decade)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hoosier_Group" title="Hoosier Group">Hoosier Group</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hudson_River_School" title="Hudson River School">Hudson River School</a>, <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 1820s</span>–1900s (decade)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hurufiyya_movement" title="Hurufiyya movement">Hurufiyya movement</a> mid-20th-century in North Africa and the Middle East</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Impressionism" title="Impressionism">Impressionism</a>, <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 1860s</span>–1920s</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Incoherents" title="Incoherents">Incoherents</a>, <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 1882</span>-1890s</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jugendstil" title="Jugendstil">Jugendstil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Les_Nabis" class="mw-redirect" title="Les Nabis">Les Nabis</a>, <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 1890</span>s–1900s (decade)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Les_Vingt" class="mw-redirect" title="Les Vingt">Les Vingt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Letras_y_figuras" title="Letras y figuras">Letras y figuras</a>, <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 1845</span>–1900s</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luminism_(American_art_style)" title="Luminism (American art style)">Luminism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lyon_School" title="Lyon School">Lyon School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Macchiaioli" title="Macchiaioli">Macchiaioli</a> <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 1850s</span>–1900s (decade)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mir_iskusstva" title="Mir iskusstva">Mir iskusstva</a>, founded 1898</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Modernism" title="Modernism">Modernism</a>, <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 1860s</span>-ongoing</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Naturalism_(painting)" class="mw-redirect" title="Naturalism (painting)">Naturalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nazarene_movement" title="Nazarene movement">Nazarene</a>, <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 1810s</span>–1830</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neo-classicism" class="mw-redirect" title="Neo-classicism">Neo-classicism</a>, <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 1780s</span>–1900s (decade)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neo-impressionism" class="mw-redirect" title="Neo-impressionism">Neo-impressionism</a>, <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 1880s</span>–1910s</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Norwegian_romantic_nationalism" title="Norwegian romantic nationalism">Norwegian romantic nationalism</a>, <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 1840</span>–1867</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Norwich_School_(art_movement)" class="mw-redirect" title="Norwich School (art movement)">Norwich School</a>, founded 1803</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orientalism" title="Orientalism">Orientalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peredvizhniki" title="Peredvizhniki">Peredvizhniki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pointillism" title="Pointillism">Pointillism</a>, <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 1880s</span>–1910s</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pont-Aven_School" title="Pont-Aven School">Pont-Aven School</a>, <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 1850s</span>–1890s</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Post-Impressionism" title="Post-Impressionism">Post-Impressionism</a>, <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 1880s</span>–1900s (decade)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pre-Raphaelite_Brotherhood" title="Pre-Raphaelite Brotherhood">Pre-Raphaelite Brotherhood</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Realist_visual_arts" class="mw-redirect" title="Realist visual arts">Realism</a>, <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 1850s</span>–1900s (decade)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Realism_(art_movement)" title="Realism (art movement)">Realism</a>, <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 1850s</span>–1900s (decade)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romanticism" title="Romanticism">Romanticism</a>, <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 1750s</span>–1890s</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Secession_(art)" title="Secession (art)">Secession groups</a>, <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 1890</span>s–1910s</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Society_of_American_Artists" title="Society of American Artists">Society of American Artists</a>, <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 1877</span>–1906</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spanish_Eclecticism" title="Spanish Eclecticism">Spanish Eclecticism</a>, <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 1845</span>-1890s</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Symbolism_(arts)" class="mw-redirect" title="Symbolism (arts)">Symbolism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Synthetism" title="Synthetism">Synthetism</a>, <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 1877</span>–1900s (decade)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tipos_del_Pa%C3%ADs" title="Tipos del País">Tipos del País</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tonalism" title="Tonalism">Tonalism</a>, <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 1880</span>–1915</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vienna_Secession" title="Vienna Secession">Vienna Secession</a>, founded 1897</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Volcano_School" class="mw-redirect" title="Volcano School">Volcano School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/White_Mountain_art" title="White Mountain art">White Mountain art</a>, <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 1820s</span>–1870s</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spiritualist_art" title="Spiritualist art">Spiritualist art</a>, <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 1870</span>–</li></ul> </div> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(3)"><span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span><h2 id="20th_century">20th century</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Art_movement&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: 20th century" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div><section class="mf-section-3 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-3"> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="1900–1921"><span id="1900.E2.80.931921"></span>1900–1921</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Art_movement&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: 1900–1921" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional" style="max-width: 812px;"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 195px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 190px; height: 190px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Wassily_Kandinsky,_1903,_The_Blue_Rider_(Der_Blaue_Reiter),_oil_on_canvas,_52.1_x_54.6_cm,_Stiftung_Sammlung_E.G._B%C3%BChrle,_Zurich.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Wassily Kandinsky, 1903, Der Blaue Reiter painting, Der Blaue Reiter 21.1 cm × 54.6 cm (8.3 in × 21.5 in)"><noscript><img alt="Wassily Kandinsky, 1903, Der Blaue Reiter painting, Der Blaue Reiter 21.1 cm × 54.6 cm (8.3 in × 21.5 in)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7b/Wassily_Kandinsky%2C_1903%2C_The_Blue_Rider_%28Der_Blaue_Reiter%29%2C_oil_on_canvas%2C_52.1_x_54.6_cm%2C_Stiftung_Sammlung_E.G._B%C3%BChrle%2C_Zurich.jpg/160px-Wassily_Kandinsky%2C_1903%2C_The_Blue_Rider_%28Der_Blaue_Reiter%29%2C_oil_on_canvas%2C_52.1_x_54.6_cm%2C_Stiftung_Sammlung_E.G._B%C3%BChrle%2C_Zurich.jpg" decoding="async" width="160" height="154" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1232" data-file-height="1183"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 160px;height: 154px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7b/Wassily_Kandinsky%2C_1903%2C_The_Blue_Rider_%28Der_Blaue_Reiter%29%2C_oil_on_canvas%2C_52.1_x_54.6_cm%2C_Stiftung_Sammlung_E.G._B%C3%BChrle%2C_Zurich.jpg/160px-Wassily_Kandinsky%2C_1903%2C_The_Blue_Rider_%28Der_Blaue_Reiter%29%2C_oil_on_canvas%2C_52.1_x_54.6_cm%2C_Stiftung_Sammlung_E.G._B%C3%BChrle%2C_Zurich.jpg" data-alt="Wassily Kandinsky, 1903, Der Blaue Reiter painting, Der Blaue Reiter 21.1 cm × 54.6 cm (8.3 in × 21.5 in)" data-width="160" data-height="154" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7b/Wassily_Kandinsky%2C_1903%2C_The_Blue_Rider_%28Der_Blaue_Reiter%29%2C_oil_on_canvas%2C_52.1_x_54.6_cm%2C_Stiftung_Sammlung_E.G._B%C3%BChrle%2C_Zurich.jpg/240px-Wassily_Kandinsky%2C_1903%2C_The_Blue_Rider_%28Der_Blaue_Reiter%29%2C_oil_on_canvas%2C_52.1_x_54.6_cm%2C_Stiftung_Sammlung_E.G._B%C3%BChrle%2C_Zurich.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7b/Wassily_Kandinsky%2C_1903%2C_The_Blue_Rider_%28Der_Blaue_Reiter%29%2C_oil_on_canvas%2C_52.1_x_54.6_cm%2C_Stiftung_Sammlung_E.G._B%C3%BChrle%2C_Zurich.jpg/320px-Wassily_Kandinsky%2C_1903%2C_The_Blue_Rider_%28Der_Blaue_Reiter%29%2C_oil_on_canvas%2C_52.1_x_54.6_cm%2C_Stiftung_Sammlung_E.G._B%C3%BChrle%2C_Zurich.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Wassily_Kandinsky" title="Wassily Kandinsky">Wassily Kandinsky</a>, 1903, <i><a href="/wiki/The_Blue_Rider_(Kandinsky_painting)" class="mw-redirect" title="The Blue Rider (Kandinsky painting)">Der Blaue Reiter</a></i> painting, <i><a href="/wiki/Der_Blaue_Reiter" title="Der Blaue Reiter">Der Blaue Reiter</a></i> 21.1 cm × 54.6 cm (8.3 in × 21.5 in)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 195px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 190px; height: 190px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Family_of_Saltimbanques.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="Pablo Picasso, Family of Saltimbanques, 1905, Picasso's Rose Period"><noscript><img alt="Pablo Picasso, Family of Saltimbanques, 1905, Picasso's Rose Period" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/ca/Family_of_Saltimbanques.JPG/160px-Family_of_Saltimbanques.JPG" decoding="async" width="160" height="147" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1394" data-file-height="1279"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 160px;height: 147px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/ca/Family_of_Saltimbanques.JPG/160px-Family_of_Saltimbanques.JPG" data-alt="Pablo Picasso, Family of Saltimbanques, 1905, Picasso's Rose Period" data-width="160" data-height="147" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/ca/Family_of_Saltimbanques.JPG/240px-Family_of_Saltimbanques.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/ca/Family_of_Saltimbanques.JPG/320px-Family_of_Saltimbanques.JPG 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Pablo_Picasso" title="Pablo Picasso">Pablo Picasso</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/Family_of_Saltimbanques" title="Family of Saltimbanques">Family of Saltimbanques</a>,</i> 1905, <a href="/wiki/Picasso%27s_Rose_Period" title="Picasso's Rose Period">Picasso's Rose Period</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 195px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 190px; height: 190px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Matisse-Open-Window.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Henri Matisse, The Open Window, 1905, Fauvism"><noscript><img alt="Henri Matisse, The Open Window, 1905, Fauvism" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Matisse-Open-Window.jpg/134px-Matisse-Open-Window.jpg" decoding="async" width="134" height="160" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="327" data-file-height="390"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 134px;height: 160px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Matisse-Open-Window.jpg/134px-Matisse-Open-Window.jpg" data-alt="Henri Matisse, The Open Window, 1905, Fauvism" data-width="134" data-height="160" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Matisse-Open-Window.jpg/201px-Matisse-Open-Window.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Matisse-Open-Window.jpg/268px-Matisse-Open-Window.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Henri_Matisse" title="Henri Matisse">Henri Matisse</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/The_Open_Window_(Matisse)" title="The Open Window (Matisse)">The Open Window</a></i>, 1905, <a href="/wiki/Fauvism" title="Fauvism">Fauvism</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 195px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 190px; height: 190px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Les_Demoiselles_d%27Avignon.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Pablo Picasso, Les Demoiselles d'Avignon, 1907, Proto-Cubism"><noscript><img alt="Pablo Picasso, Les Demoiselles d'Avignon, 1907, Proto-Cubism" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4c/Les_Demoiselles_d%27Avignon.jpg/154px-Les_Demoiselles_d%27Avignon.jpg" decoding="async" width="154" height="160" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="4500" data-file-height="4661"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 154px;height: 160px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4c/Les_Demoiselles_d%27Avignon.jpg/154px-Les_Demoiselles_d%27Avignon.jpg" data-alt="Pablo Picasso, Les Demoiselles d'Avignon, 1907, Proto-Cubism" data-width="154" data-height="160" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4c/Les_Demoiselles_d%27Avignon.jpg/232px-Les_Demoiselles_d%27Avignon.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4c/Les_Demoiselles_d%27Avignon.jpg/309px-Les_Demoiselles_d%27Avignon.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Pablo_Picasso" title="Pablo Picasso">Pablo Picasso</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/Les_Demoiselles_d%27Avignon" title="Les Demoiselles d'Avignon">Les Demoiselles d'Avignon</a></i>, 1907, <a href="/wiki/Proto-Cubism" title="Proto-Cubism">Proto-Cubism</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 195px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 190px; height: 190px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Violin_and_Candlestick.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Georges Braque 1910, Analytic Cubism"><noscript><img alt="Georges Braque 1910, Analytic Cubism" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/3/3c/Violin_and_Candlestick.jpg/130px-Violin_and_Candlestick.jpg" decoding="async" width="130" height="160" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="570" data-file-height="700"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 130px;height: 160px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/3/3c/Violin_and_Candlestick.jpg/130px-Violin_and_Candlestick.jpg" data-alt="Georges Braque 1910, Analytic Cubism" data-width="130" data-height="160" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/3/3c/Violin_and_Candlestick.jpg/195px-Violin_and_Candlestick.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/3/3c/Violin_and_Candlestick.jpg/260px-Violin_and_Candlestick.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Georges_Braque" title="Georges Braque">Georges Braque</a> 1910, <a href="/wiki/Analytic_Cubism" class="mw-redirect" title="Analytic Cubism">Analytic Cubism</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 195px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 190px; height: 190px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Supremus_55_(Malevich,_1916).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Kazimir Malevich, (Supremus No. 58), Museum of Art, 1916, Suprematism"><noscript><img alt="Kazimir Malevich, (Supremus No. 58), Museum of Art, 1916, Suprematism" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/Supremus_55_%28Malevich%2C_1916%29.jpg/160px-Supremus_55_%28Malevich%2C_1916%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="160" height="160" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="820" data-file-height="820"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 160px;height: 160px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/Supremus_55_%28Malevich%2C_1916%29.jpg/160px-Supremus_55_%28Malevich%2C_1916%29.jpg" data-alt="Kazimir Malevich, (Supremus No. 58), Museum of Art, 1916, Suprematism" data-width="160" data-height="160" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/Supremus_55_%28Malevich%2C_1916%29.jpg/240px-Supremus_55_%28Malevich%2C_1916%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/Supremus_55_%28Malevich%2C_1916%29.jpg/320px-Supremus_55_%28Malevich%2C_1916%29.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Kazimir_Malevich" title="Kazimir Malevich">Kazimir Malevich</a>, <i>(Supremus No. 58)</i>, Museum of Art, 1916, <a href="/wiki/Suprematism" title="Suprematism">Suprematism</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 195px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 190px; height: 190px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Marcel_Duchamp,_1917,_Fountain,_photograph_by_Alfred_Stieglitz.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Marcel Duchamp, Fountain, 1917, photograph by Alfred Stieglitz, Dada"><noscript><img alt="Marcel Duchamp, Fountain, 1917, photograph by Alfred Stieglitz, Dada" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Marcel_Duchamp%2C_1917%2C_Fountain%2C_photograph_by_Alfred_Stieglitz.jpg/122px-Marcel_Duchamp%2C_1917%2C_Fountain%2C_photograph_by_Alfred_Stieglitz.jpg" decoding="async" width="122" height="160" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1416" data-file-height="1849"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 122px;height: 160px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Marcel_Duchamp%2C_1917%2C_Fountain%2C_photograph_by_Alfred_Stieglitz.jpg/122px-Marcel_Duchamp%2C_1917%2C_Fountain%2C_photograph_by_Alfred_Stieglitz.jpg" data-alt="Marcel Duchamp, Fountain, 1917, photograph by Alfred Stieglitz, Dada" data-width="122" data-height="160" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Marcel_Duchamp%2C_1917%2C_Fountain%2C_photograph_by_Alfred_Stieglitz.jpg/184px-Marcel_Duchamp%2C_1917%2C_Fountain%2C_photograph_by_Alfred_Stieglitz.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Marcel_Duchamp%2C_1917%2C_Fountain%2C_photograph_by_Alfred_Stieglitz.jpg/245px-Marcel_Duchamp%2C_1917%2C_Fountain%2C_photograph_by_Alfred_Stieglitz.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Marcel_Duchamp" title="Marcel Duchamp">Marcel Duchamp</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/Fountain_(Duchamp)" title="Fountain (Duchamp)">Fountain</a>,</i> 1917, photograph by <a href="/wiki/Alfred_Stieglitz" title="Alfred Stieglitz">Alfred Stieglitz</a>, <a href="/wiki/Dada" title="Dada">Dada</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 195px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 190px; height: 190px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Albert_Gleizes,_1920,_Femme_au_gant_noir_(Woman_with_Black_Glove),_oil_on_canvas,_126_x_100_cm._Private_collection.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Albert Gleizes, Woman with Black Glove, 1920, Crystal Cubism"><noscript><img alt="Albert Gleizes, Woman with Black Glove, 1920, Crystal Cubism" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Albert_Gleizes%2C_1920%2C_Femme_au_gant_noir_%28Woman_with_Black_Glove%29%2C_oil_on_canvas%2C_126_x_100_cm._Private_collection.jpg/127px-Albert_Gleizes%2C_1920%2C_Femme_au_gant_noir_%28Woman_with_Black_Glove%29%2C_oil_on_canvas%2C_126_x_100_cm._Private_collection.jpg" decoding="async" width="127" height="160" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1145" data-file-height="1440"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 127px;height: 160px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Albert_Gleizes%2C_1920%2C_Femme_au_gant_noir_%28Woman_with_Black_Glove%29%2C_oil_on_canvas%2C_126_x_100_cm._Private_collection.jpg/127px-Albert_Gleizes%2C_1920%2C_Femme_au_gant_noir_%28Woman_with_Black_Glove%29%2C_oil_on_canvas%2C_126_x_100_cm._Private_collection.jpg" data-alt="Albert Gleizes, Woman with Black Glove, 1920, Crystal Cubism" data-width="127" data-height="160" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Albert_Gleizes%2C_1920%2C_Femme_au_gant_noir_%28Woman_with_Black_Glove%29%2C_oil_on_canvas%2C_126_x_100_cm._Private_collection.jpg/191px-Albert_Gleizes%2C_1920%2C_Femme_au_gant_noir_%28Woman_with_Black_Glove%29%2C_oil_on_canvas%2C_126_x_100_cm._Private_collection.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Albert_Gleizes%2C_1920%2C_Femme_au_gant_noir_%28Woman_with_Black_Glove%29%2C_oil_on_canvas%2C_126_x_100_cm._Private_collection.jpg/254px-Albert_Gleizes%2C_1920%2C_Femme_au_gant_noir_%28Woman_with_Black_Glove%29%2C_oil_on_canvas%2C_126_x_100_cm._Private_collection.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Albert_Gleizes" title="Albert Gleizes">Albert Gleizes</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/Woman_with_Black_Glove" title="Woman with Black Glove">Woman with Black Glove</a></i>, 1920, <a href="/wiki/Crystal_Cubism" title="Crystal Cubism">Crystal Cubism</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 195px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 190px; height: 190px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Tableau_I,_by_Piet_Mondriaan.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Piet Mondrian, Tableau I, 1921, De Stijl"><noscript><img alt="Piet Mondrian, Tableau I, 1921, De Stijl" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Tableau_I%2C_by_Piet_Mondriaan.jpg/151px-Tableau_I%2C_by_Piet_Mondriaan.jpg" decoding="async" width="151" height="160" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1964" data-file-height="2085"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 151px;height: 160px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Tableau_I%2C_by_Piet_Mondriaan.jpg/151px-Tableau_I%2C_by_Piet_Mondriaan.jpg" data-alt="Piet Mondrian, Tableau I, 1921, De Stijl" data-width="151" data-height="160" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Tableau_I%2C_by_Piet_Mondriaan.jpg/226px-Tableau_I%2C_by_Piet_Mondriaan.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Tableau_I%2C_by_Piet_Mondriaan.jpg/301px-Tableau_I%2C_by_Piet_Mondriaan.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Piet_Mondrian" title="Piet Mondrian">Piet Mondrian</a>, <i>Tableau I</i>, 1921, <a href="/wiki/De_Stijl" title="De Stijl">De Stijl</a></div> </li> </ul> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1184024115"><div class="div-col"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Academic_art" title="Academic art">Academic</a>, <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 1900s</span> (decade)-ongoing</li> <li><a href="/wiki/American_realism" title="American realism">American realism</a>, <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 1890</span>s–1920s</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Analytic_Cubism" class="mw-redirect" title="Analytic Cubism">Analytic Cubism</a>, <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 1909</span>–1912</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Art_Deco" title="Art Deco">Art Deco</a>, <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 1910</span>–1939</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ashcan_School" title="Ashcan School">Ashcan School</a>, <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 1890</span>s–1920s</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Australian_tonalism" title="Australian tonalism">Australian tonalism</a>, <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 1910s</span>–1930s</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Berlin_Secession" title="Berlin Secession">Berliner Sezession</a>, founded 1898</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bloomsbury_Group" title="Bloomsbury Group">Bloomsbury Group</a>, <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 1900s</span> (decade)–1960s</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brandywine_School" title="Brandywine School">Brandywine School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Camden_Town_Group" title="Camden Town Group">Camden Town Group</a>, <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 1911</span>–1913</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Constructivism_(art)" title="Constructivism (art)">Constructivism</a>, <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 1920</span>–1922, 1920s–1940s</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cubism" title="Cubism">Cubism</a>, <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 1906</span>–1919</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cubo-Futurism" title="Cubo-Futurism">Cubo-Futurism</a>, <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 1912</span>–1918</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Czech_Cubism" title="Czech Cubism">Czech Cubism</a>, <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 1910</span>–1914</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dada" title="Dada">Dada</a>, <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 1916</span>–1922</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Der_Blaue_Reiter" title="Der Blaue Reiter">Der Blaue Reiter</a>, <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 1911</span>–1914</li> <li><a href="/wiki/De_Stijl" title="De Stijl">De Stijl</a>, <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 1917</span>–1931</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deutscher_Werkbund" title="Deutscher Werkbund">Deutscher Werkbund</a>, founded 1907</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Die_Br%C3%BCcke" title="Die Brücke">Die Brücke</a>, founded 1905</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Expressionism" title="Expressionism">Expressionism</a>, <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 1890</span>s–1930s</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fauvism" title="Fauvism">Fauvism</a>, <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 1900</span>–1910</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Futurism" title="Futurism">Futurism</a>, <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 1909</span>–1916</li> <li><a href="/wiki/German_Expressionism" class="mw-redirect" title="German Expressionism">German Expressionism</a>, <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 1913</span>–1930</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Group_of_Seven_(artists)" title="Group of Seven (artists)">Group of Seven (Canada)</a>, <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 1913</span>–1930s</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jack_of_Diamonds_(artists)" class="mw-redirect" title="Jack of Diamonds (artists)">Jack of Diamonds</a>, founded 1909</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luminism_(Impressionism)" title="Luminism (Impressionism)">Luminism (Impressionism)</a>, <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 1900s</span> (decade)–1930s</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Modernism" title="Modernism">Modernism</a>, <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 1860s</span>–ongoing</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neo-classicism" class="mw-redirect" title="Neo-classicism">Neo-classicism</a>, <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 1900s</span> (decade)–ongoing</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neo-primitivism" class="mw-redirect" title="Neo-primitivism">Neo-primitivism</a>, from 1913</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neue_K%C3%BCnstlervereinigung_M%C3%BCnchen" title="Neue Künstlervereinigung München">Neue Künstlervereinigung München</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Novembergruppe" class="mw-redirect" title="Novembergruppe">Novembergruppe</a>, founded 1918</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Objective_abstraction" title="Objective abstraction">Objective abstraction</a>, <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 1933</span>–1936</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orphism_(art)" title="Orphism (art)">Orphism</a>, <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 1910</span>–1913</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Photo-Secession" title="Photo-Secession">Photo-Secession</a>, founded <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 1902</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pittura_Metafisica" class="mw-redirect" title="Pittura Metafisica">Pittura Metafisica</a>, <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 1911</span>–1920</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Proto-Cubism" title="Proto-Cubism">Proto-Cubism</a>, <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 1906</span>–1908</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Purism_(arts)" class="mw-redirect" title="Purism (arts)">Purism</a>, <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 1917</span>–1930s</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rayonism" title="Rayonism">Rayonism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Section_d%27Or" title="Section d'Or">Section d'Or</a>, <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 1912</span>–1914</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suprematism" title="Suprematism">Suprematism</a>, formed <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 1915</span>–1916</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Synchromism" title="Synchromism">Synchromism</a>, founded 1912</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Synthetic_Cubism" class="mw-redirect" title="Synthetic Cubism">Synthetic Cubism</a>, <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 1912</span>–1919</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Eight_(Nyolcak)" class="mw-redirect" title="The Eight (Nyolcak)">The Eight</a>, <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 1909</span>–1918</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ten_American_Painters" title="Ten American Painters">The Ten</a>, <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 1897</span>–1920</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vorticism" title="Vorticism">Vorticism</a>, founded 1914</li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="1920–1945"><span id="1920.E2.80.931945"></span>1920–1945</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Art_movement&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: 1920–1945" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional" style="max-width: 812px;"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 195px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 190px; height: 190px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Theo_van_Doesburg_Composition_XX.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Theo van Doesburg, Composition XX, 1920, De Stijl"><noscript><img alt="Theo van Doesburg, Composition XX, 1920, De Stijl" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/Theo_van_Doesburg_Composition_XX.jpg/112px-Theo_van_Doesburg_Composition_XX.jpg" decoding="async" width="112" height="160" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="2000" data-file-height="2851"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 112px;height: 160px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/Theo_van_Doesburg_Composition_XX.jpg/112px-Theo_van_Doesburg_Composition_XX.jpg" data-alt="Theo van Doesburg, Composition XX, 1920, De Stijl" data-width="112" data-height="160" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/Theo_van_Doesburg_Composition_XX.jpg/168px-Theo_van_Doesburg_Composition_XX.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/Theo_van_Doesburg_Composition_XX.jpg/224px-Theo_van_Doesburg_Composition_XX.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Theo_van_Doesburg" title="Theo van Doesburg">Theo van Doesburg</a>, <i>Composition XX</i>, 1920, <a href="/wiki/De_Stijl" title="De Stijl">De Stijl</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 195px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 190px; height: 190px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:The_Elephant_Celebes.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Max Ernst, The Elephant Celebes, 1921, Tate, Surrealism"><noscript><img alt="Max Ernst, The Elephant Celebes, 1921, Tate, Surrealism" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/2/2b/The_Elephant_Celebes.jpg/139px-The_Elephant_Celebes.jpg" decoding="async" width="139" height="160" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="609" data-file-height="699"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 139px;height: 160px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/2/2b/The_Elephant_Celebes.jpg/139px-The_Elephant_Celebes.jpg" data-alt="Max Ernst, The Elephant Celebes, 1921, Tate, Surrealism" data-width="139" data-height="160" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/2/2b/The_Elephant_Celebes.jpg/209px-The_Elephant_Celebes.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/2/2b/The_Elephant_Celebes.jpg/279px-The_Elephant_Celebes.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Max_Ernst" title="Max Ernst">Max Ernst</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/The_Elephant_Celebes" title="The Elephant Celebes">The Elephant Celebes</a></i>, 1921, <a href="/wiki/Tate" title="Tate">Tate</a>, <a href="/wiki/Surrealism" title="Surrealism">Surrealism</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 195px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 190px; height: 190px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:NY_Met_demuth_figure_5_gold.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="Charles Demuth, I Saw the Figure 5 in Gold, 1928, Metropolitan Museum of Art, Precisionism"><noscript><img alt="Charles Demuth, I Saw the Figure 5 in Gold, 1928, Metropolitan Museum of Art, Precisionism" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/NY_Met_demuth_figure_5_gold.JPG/132px-NY_Met_demuth_figure_5_gold.JPG" decoding="async" width="132" height="160" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1843" data-file-height="2240"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 132px;height: 160px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/NY_Met_demuth_figure_5_gold.JPG/132px-NY_Met_demuth_figure_5_gold.JPG" data-alt="Charles Demuth, I Saw the Figure 5 in Gold, 1928, Metropolitan Museum of Art, Precisionism" data-width="132" data-height="160" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/NY_Met_demuth_figure_5_gold.JPG/197px-NY_Met_demuth_figure_5_gold.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/NY_Met_demuth_figure_5_gold.JPG/263px-NY_Met_demuth_figure_5_gold.JPG 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Charles_Demuth" title="Charles Demuth">Charles Demuth</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/I_Saw_the_Figure_5_in_Gold" title="I Saw the Figure 5 in Gold">I Saw the Figure 5 in Gold</a></i>, 1928, <a href="/wiki/Metropolitan_Museum_of_Art" title="Metropolitan Museum of Art">Metropolitan Museum of Art</a>, <a href="/wiki/Precisionism" title="Precisionism">Precisionism</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 195px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 190px; height: 190px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Grant_Wood_-_American_Gothic_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Grant Wood, American Gothic, 1930, Art Institute of Chicago, Social Realism"><noscript><img alt="Grant Wood, American Gothic, 1930, Art Institute of Chicago, Social Realism" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cc/Grant_Wood_-_American_Gothic_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg/133px-Grant_Wood_-_American_Gothic_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg" decoding="async" width="133" height="160" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="4973" data-file-height="6001"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 133px;height: 160px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cc/Grant_Wood_-_American_Gothic_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg/133px-Grant_Wood_-_American_Gothic_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg" data-alt="Grant Wood, American Gothic, 1930, Art Institute of Chicago, Social Realism" data-width="133" data-height="160" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cc/Grant_Wood_-_American_Gothic_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg/199px-Grant_Wood_-_American_Gothic_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cc/Grant_Wood_-_American_Gothic_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg/265px-Grant_Wood_-_American_Gothic_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Grant_Wood" title="Grant Wood">Grant Wood</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/American_Gothic" title="American Gothic">American Gothic</a></i>, 1930, <a href="/wiki/Art_Institute_of_Chicago" title="Art Institute of Chicago">Art Institute of Chicago</a>, <a href="/wiki/Social_Realism" class="mw-redirect" title="Social Realism">Social Realism</a></div> </li> </ul> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1184024115"><div class="div-col"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/American_Scene_painting" class="mw-redirect" title="American Scene painting">American Scene painting</a>, <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 1920s</span>–1950s</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arbeitsrat_f%C3%BCr_Kunst" title="Arbeitsrat für Kunst">Arbeitsrat für Kunst</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Art_Deco" title="Art Deco">Art Deco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bauhaus" title="Bauhaus">Bauhaus</a>, <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 1919</span>–1933</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Concrete_art" title="Concrete art">Concrete art</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Der_Ring" title="Der Ring">Der Ring</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/De_Stijl" title="De Stijl">De Stijl</a>, <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 1917</span>–1931</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%89cole_de_Paris" class="mw-redirect" title="École de Paris">École de Paris</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geometric_abstraction" title="Geometric abstraction">Geometric abstraction</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gruppo_7" title="Gruppo 7">Gruppo 7</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_style_(architecture)" class="mw-redirect" title="International style (architecture)">International Style</a>, <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 1920s</span>–1970s</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kapists" title="Kapists">Kapists</a>, <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 1930s</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Magic_realism" class="mw-redirect" title="Magic realism">Magic realism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neo-romanticism" title="Neo-romanticism">Neo-romanticism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neue_Sachlichkeit" class="mw-redirect" title="Neue Sachlichkeit">Neue Sachlichkeit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Novecento_Italiano" title="Novecento Italiano">Novecento Italiano</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Novembergruppe" class="mw-redirect" title="Novembergruppe">Novembergruppe</a>, founded 1918</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Os_renovadores" title="Os renovadores">Os renovadores</a>, founded 1922</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Precisionism" title="Precisionism">Precisionism</a>, <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 1918</span>–1940s</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Regionalism_(art)" title="Regionalism (art)">Regionalism (art)</a>, <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 1930s</span>–1940s</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Return_to_order" title="Return to order">Return to order</a>, 1918–1922</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scuola_Romana" title="Scuola Romana">Scuola Romana</a>, <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 1928</span>–1945</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Social_Realism" class="mw-redirect" title="Social Realism">Social Realism</a>, <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 1920s</span>–1960s</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Socialist_Realism" class="mw-redirect" title="Socialist Realism">Socialist Realism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Surrealism" title="Surrealism">Surrealism</a>, <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 1920s</span>–1960s</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Universal_Constructivism" title="Universal Constructivism">Universal Constructivism</a>, <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 1930</span>–1970</li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="1940–1965"><span id="1940.E2.80.931965"></span>1940–1965</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Art_movement&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: 1940–1965" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Gorky-The-Liver.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><noscript><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f2/Gorky-The-Liver.jpg/220px-Gorky-The-Liver.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="162" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="367" data-file-height="271"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 162px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f2/Gorky-The-Liver.jpg/220px-Gorky-The-Liver.jpg" data-width="220" data-height="162" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f2/Gorky-The-Liver.jpg/330px-Gorky-The-Liver.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/f/f2/Gorky-The-Liver.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Arshile_Gorky" title="Arshile Gorky">Arshile Gorky</a>, <i>The Liver is the Cock's Comb</i> (1944), oil on canvas, 73<style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1154941027">.mw-parser-output .frac{white-space:nowrap}.mw-parser-output .frac .num,.mw-parser-output .frac .den{font-size:80%;line-height:0;vertical-align:super}.mw-parser-output .frac .den{vertical-align:sub}.mw-parser-output .sr-only{border:0;clip:rect(0,0,0,0);clip-path:polygon(0px 0px,0px 0px,0px 0px);height:1px;margin:-1px;overflow:hidden;padding:0;position:absolute;width:1px}</style><span class="frac"><span class="num">1</span>⁄<span class="den">4</span></span> × 98" (186 × 249 cm) <a href="/wiki/Albright%E2%80%93Knox_Art_Gallery" class="mw-redirect" title="Albright–Knox Art Gallery">Albright–Knox Art Gallery</a>, <a href="/wiki/Buffalo,_New_York" title="Buffalo, New York">Buffalo, New York</a>. Gorky was an <a href="/wiki/Armenians" title="Armenians">Armenian</a>-born <a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">American</a> painter who had a seminal influence on <a href="/wiki/Abstract_Expressionism" class="mw-redirect" title="Abstract Expressionism">Abstract Expressionism</a>. De Kooning said: "I met a lot of artists — but then I met Gorky... He had an extraordinary gift for hitting the nail on the head; remarkable. So I immediately attached myself to him and we became very good friends."<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></figcaption></figure> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1184024115"><div class="div-col"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abstract_expressionism" title="Abstract expressionism">Abstract expressionism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Action_painting" title="Action painting">Action painting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arte_Povera" title="Arte Povera">Arte Povera</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Art_Informel" class="mw-redirect" title="Art Informel">Art Informel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Assemblage_(art)" title="Assemblage (art)">Assemblage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bay_Area_Figuration" class="mw-redirect" title="Bay Area Figuration">Bay Area Figuration</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beat_Generation" title="Beat Generation">Beatnik art</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chicago_Imagists" title="Chicago Imagists">Chicago Imagists</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CoBrA" class="mw-redirect" title="CoBrA">CoBrA</a>, c. 1948–1951</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Color_Field_painting" class="mw-redirect" title="Color Field painting">Color Field painting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Combine_painting" title="Combine painting">Combine painting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/De-collage" class="mw-redirect" title="De-collage">De-collage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fluxus" title="Fluxus">Fluxus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Happening" title="Happening">Happening</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hard-Edge_Painting" class="mw-redirect" title="Hard-Edge Painting">Hard-Edge Painting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kinetic_Art" class="mw-redirect" title="Kinetic Art">Kinetic Art</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kitchen_Sink_School" class="mw-redirect" title="Kitchen Sink School">Kitchen Sink School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lettrism" title="Lettrism">Lettrism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Art_Informel" class="mw-redirect" title="Art Informel">Lyrical abstraction</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neo-Dada" title="Neo-Dada">Neo-Dada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Brutalism" class="mw-redirect" title="New Brutalism">New Brutalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northwest_School_(art)" title="Northwest School (art)">Northwest School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nouveau_R%C3%A9alisme" class="mw-redirect" title="Nouveau Réalisme">Nouveau Réalisme</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Op_Art" class="mw-redirect" title="Op Art">Op Art</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Organic_abstraction" class="mw-redirect" title="Organic abstraction">Organic abstraction</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Outsider_Art" class="mw-redirect" title="Outsider Art">Outsider Art</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Panic_Movement" title="Panic Movement">Panic Movement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pop_Art" class="mw-redirect" title="Pop Art">Pop Art</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Post-painterly_abstraction" title="Post-painterly abstraction">Post-painterly abstraction</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Process_art" title="Process art">Process art</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Public_art" title="Public art">Public art</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Retro_art" class="mw-redirect" title="Retro art">Retro art</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Serial_art" title="Serial art">Serial art</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shaped_canvas" title="Shaped canvas">Shaped canvas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Situationist_International" title="Situationist International">Situationist International</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tachism" class="mw-redirect" title="Tachism">Tachism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Video_art" title="Video art">Video art</a></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="1965–2000"><span id="1965.E2.80.932000"></span>1965–2000</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Art_movement&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: 1965–2000" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional" style="max-width: 812px;"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 195px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 190px; height: 190px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Art_%26_Language,_Untitled_Painting_(1965),_Tate_Modern,_London_-_20130627.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Art & Language, Untitled Painting (1965), Tate, Conceptual art"><noscript><img alt="Art & Language, Untitled Painting (1965), Tate, Conceptual art" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Art_%26_Language%2C_Untitled_Painting_%281965%29%2C_Tate_Modern%2C_London_-_20130627.jpg/120px-Art_%26_Language%2C_Untitled_Painting_%281965%29%2C_Tate_Modern%2C_London_-_20130627.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="160" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="2448" data-file-height="3264"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 120px;height: 160px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Art_%26_Language%2C_Untitled_Painting_%281965%29%2C_Tate_Modern%2C_London_-_20130627.jpg/120px-Art_%26_Language%2C_Untitled_Painting_%281965%29%2C_Tate_Modern%2C_London_-_20130627.jpg" data-alt="Art & Language, Untitled Painting (1965), Tate, Conceptual art" data-width="120" data-height="160" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Art_%26_Language%2C_Untitled_Painting_%281965%29%2C_Tate_Modern%2C_London_-_20130627.jpg/180px-Art_%26_Language%2C_Untitled_Painting_%281965%29%2C_Tate_Modern%2C_London_-_20130627.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Art_%26_Language%2C_Untitled_Painting_%281965%29%2C_Tate_Modern%2C_London_-_20130627.jpg/240px-Art_%26_Language%2C_Untitled_Painting_%281965%29%2C_Tate_Modern%2C_London_-_20130627.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Art_%26_Language" title="Art & Language">Art & Language</a>, <i>Untitled Painting</i> (1965), <a href="/wiki/Tate" title="Tate">Tate</a>, <a href="/wiki/Conceptual_art" title="Conceptual art">Conceptual art</a> </div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 195px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 190px; height: 190px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Art-LanguageV3No1-1974.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Art & Language, Art-Language Vol.3 No.1 (1974), Château de Montsoreau-Museum of Contemporary Art, Conceptual art"><noscript><img alt="Art & Language, Art-Language Vol.3 No.1 (1974), Château de Montsoreau-Museum of Contemporary Art, Conceptual art" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/Art-LanguageV3No1-1974.jpg/107px-Art-LanguageV3No1-1974.jpg" decoding="async" width="107" height="160" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="320" data-file-height="478"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 107px;height: 160px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/Art-LanguageV3No1-1974.jpg/107px-Art-LanguageV3No1-1974.jpg" data-alt="Art & Language, Art-Language Vol.3 No.1 (1974), Château de Montsoreau-Museum of Contemporary Art, Conceptual art" data-width="107" data-height="160" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/Art-LanguageV3No1-1974.jpg/161px-Art-LanguageV3No1-1974.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/Art-LanguageV3No1-1974.jpg/214px-Art-LanguageV3No1-1974.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Art_%26_Language" title="Art & Language">Art & Language</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/Art-Language_The_Journal_of_conceptual_art" class="mw-redirect" title="Art-Language The Journal of conceptual art">Art-Language Vol.3 No.1</a></i> (1974), <a href="/wiki/Ch%C3%A2teau_de_Montsoreau-Museum_of_Contemporary_Art" title="Château de Montsoreau-Museum of Contemporary Art">Château de Montsoreau-Museum of Contemporary Art</a>, <a href="/wiki/Conceptual_art" title="Conceptual art">Conceptual art</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 195px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 190px; height: 190px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:She_Who_Must_Be_Obeyed_tony_smith007.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="Tony Smith, She Who Must Be Obeyed, 1975, Tony Smith Department of Labour Building, Minimalism"><noscript><img alt="Tony Smith, She Who Must Be Obeyed, 1975, Tony Smith Department of Labour Building, Minimalism" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/She_Who_Must_Be_Obeyed_tony_smith007.JPG/160px-She_Who_Must_Be_Obeyed_tony_smith007.JPG" decoding="async" width="160" height="120" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="2272" data-file-height="1704"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 160px;height: 120px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/She_Who_Must_Be_Obeyed_tony_smith007.JPG/160px-She_Who_Must_Be_Obeyed_tony_smith007.JPG" data-alt="Tony Smith, She Who Must Be Obeyed, 1975, Tony Smith Department of Labour Building, Minimalism" data-width="160" data-height="120" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/She_Who_Must_Be_Obeyed_tony_smith007.JPG/240px-She_Who_Must_Be_Obeyed_tony_smith007.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/She_Who_Must_Be_Obeyed_tony_smith007.JPG/320px-She_Who_Must_Be_Obeyed_tony_smith007.JPG 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Tony_Smith_(sculptor)" title="Tony Smith (sculptor)">Tony Smith</a>, <i>She Who Must Be Obeyed</i>, 1975, Tony Smith Department of Labour Building, <a href="/wiki/Minimalism" title="Minimalism">Minimalism</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 195px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 190px; height: 190px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Unititled_(Corner_Piece)_by_Dan_Flavin,_Tate_Liverpool.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Dan Flavin, Untitled (Corner Piece), 1930, Tate Liverpool, Installation art"><noscript><img alt="Dan Flavin, Untitled (Corner Piece), 1930, Tate Liverpool, Installation art" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/Unititled_%28Corner_Piece%29_by_Dan_Flavin%2C_Tate_Liverpool.jpg/120px-Unititled_%28Corner_Piece%29_by_Dan_Flavin%2C_Tate_Liverpool.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="160" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="3240" data-file-height="4320"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 120px;height: 160px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/Unititled_%28Corner_Piece%29_by_Dan_Flavin%2C_Tate_Liverpool.jpg/120px-Unititled_%28Corner_Piece%29_by_Dan_Flavin%2C_Tate_Liverpool.jpg" data-alt="Dan Flavin, Untitled (Corner Piece), 1930, Tate Liverpool, Installation art" data-width="120" data-height="160" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/Unititled_%28Corner_Piece%29_by_Dan_Flavin%2C_Tate_Liverpool.jpg/180px-Unititled_%28Corner_Piece%29_by_Dan_Flavin%2C_Tate_Liverpool.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/Unititled_%28Corner_Piece%29_by_Dan_Flavin%2C_Tate_Liverpool.jpg/240px-Unititled_%28Corner_Piece%29_by_Dan_Flavin%2C_Tate_Liverpool.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Dan_Flavin" title="Dan Flavin">Dan Flavin</a>, <i>Untitled (Corner Piece),</i> 1930, <a href="/wiki/Tate_Liverpool" title="Tate Liverpool">Tate Liverpool</a>, <a href="/wiki/Installation_art" title="Installation art">Installation art</a></div> </li> </ul> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1184024115"><div class="div-col"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abstract_Illusionism" class="mw-redirect" title="Abstract Illusionism">Abstract Illusionism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Appropriation_(art)" title="Appropriation (art)">Appropriation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arte_Povera" title="Arte Povera">Arte Povera</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Art_Photography" class="mw-redirect" title="Art Photography">Art Photography</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Body_Art" class="mw-redirect" title="Body Art">Body Art</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Classical_Realism" title="Classical Realism">Classical Realism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conceptual_Art" class="mw-redirect" title="Conceptual Art">Conceptual Art</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dogme_95" title="Dogme 95">Dogme 95</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Earth_Art" class="mw-redirect" title="Earth Art">Earth Art</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Figuration_Libre" title="Figuration Libre">Figuration Libre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Funk_art" title="Funk art">Funk art</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Graffiti_art" class="mw-redirect" title="Graffiti art">Graffiti art</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hyperrealism_(visual_arts)" title="Hyperrealism (visual arts)">Hyperrealism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Installation_art" title="Installation art">Installation art</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Internet_Art" class="mw-redirect" title="Internet Art">Internet Art</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Land_art" title="Land art">Land art</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Late_modernism" title="Late modernism">Late modernism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Light_and_Space" title="Light and Space">Light and Space</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lowbrow_(art_movement)" title="Lowbrow (art movement)">Lowbrow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lyrical_Abstraction" class="mw-redirect" title="Lyrical Abstraction">Lyrical Abstraction</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mail_art" title="Mail art">Mail art</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Massurrealism" title="Massurrealism">Massurrealism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maximalism" title="Maximalism">Maximalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minimalism" title="Minimalism">Minimalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neo-expressionism" title="Neo-expressionism">Neo-expressionism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neo-figurative" class="mw-redirect" title="Neo-figurative">Neo-figurative</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neo-pop" title="Neo-pop">Neo-pop</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Performance_Art" class="mw-redirect" title="Performance Art">Performance Art</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Postminimalism" title="Postminimalism">Postminimalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Postmodernism" title="Postmodernism">Postmodernism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Photorealism" title="Photorealism">Photorealism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Psychedelic_art" title="Psychedelic art">Psychedelic art</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Relational_art" title="Relational art">Relational art</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Site-specific_art" title="Site-specific art">Site-specific art</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sound_Art" class="mw-redirect" title="Sound Art">Sound Art</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transavanguardia" class="mw-redirect" title="Transavanguardia">Transavanguardia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Young_British_Artists" title="Young British Artists">Young British Artists</a></li></ul> </div> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(4)"><span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span><h2 id="21st_century">21st century</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Art_movement&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: 21st century" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div><section class="mf-section-4 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-4"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1184024115"><div class="div-col"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Algorithmic_art" title="Algorithmic art">Algorithmic art</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Altermodern" title="Altermodern">Altermodernism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Artificial_intelligence_art" title="Artificial intelligence art">Artificial intelligence art</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Biomorphism" title="Biomorphism">Biomorphism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Computer_art" title="Computer art">Computer art</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Computer_graphics" title="Computer graphics">Computer graphics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Craftivism" title="Craftivism">Craftivism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Digital_art" title="Digital art">Digital art</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Electronic_art" title="Electronic art">Electronic art</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Environmental_art" title="Environmental art">Environmental art</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Excessivism" title="Excessivism">Excessivism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Internet_art" title="Internet art">Internet art</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Intervention_art" class="mw-redirect" title="Intervention art">Intervention art</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Metamodernism" title="Metamodernism">Metamodernism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Modern_European_ink_painting" title="Modern European ink painting">Modern European ink painting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neo-minimalism" title="Neo-minimalism">Neo-minimalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_media_art" title="New media art">New media art</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pixel_art" title="Pixel art">Pixel art</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Postinternet" class="mw-redirect" title="Postinternet">Postinternet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Post-postmodernism" title="Post-postmodernism">Post-postmodernism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Relational_art" title="Relational art">Relational art</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Remodernism" title="Remodernism">Remodernism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Social_practice_(art)" title="Social practice (art)">Social practice (art)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SoFlo_Superflat" title="SoFlo Superflat">SoFlo Superflat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stuckism" title="Stuckism">Stuckism International</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Superflat" title="Superflat">Superflat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Superstroke" title="Superstroke">Superstroke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transgressive_art" title="Transgressive art">Transgressive art</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Toyism" title="Toyism">Toyism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Unilalianism" title="Unilalianism">Unilalianism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vaporwave" title="Vaporwave">Vaporwave</a></li></ul> </div> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(5)"><span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Art_movement&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: See also" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div><section class="mf-section-5 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-5"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/20th-century_Western_painting" title="20th-century Western painting">20th-century Western painting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Art_periods" class="mw-redirect" title="Art periods">Art periods</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_art_movements" title="List of art movements">List of art movements</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Post-expressionism" title="Post-expressionism">Post-expressionism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Western_art_history" class="mw-redirect" title="Western art history">Western art history</a></li></ul> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(6)"><span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Art_movement&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: References" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div><section class="mf-section-6 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-6"> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Mel Gooding, <i>Abstract Art</i>, <a href="/wiki/Tate_Publishing_Ltd" title="Tate Publishing Ltd">Tate Publishing</a>, London, 2000</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Man of his words: Pepe Karmel on Kirk Varnedoe — Passages</i> – Critical Essay <a href="/wiki/Artforum" title="Artforum">Artforum</a>, Nov, 2003 by Pepe Karmel</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">The Originality of the Avant Garde and Other Modernist Myths <a href="/wiki/Rosalind_E._Krauss" title="Rosalind E. Krauss">Rosalind E. Krauss</a>, Publisher: The MIT Press; Reprint edition (July 9, 1986), <i>Part I, Modernist Myths</i>, pp.8–171</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Deconstructionists,_2006,_pp218-221-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Deconstructionists,_2006,_pp218-221_4-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>The Citadel of Modernism Falls to Deconstructionists</i>, – 1992 critical essay, <i>The Triumph of Modernism</i>, 2006, <a href="/wiki/Hilton_Kramer" title="Hilton Kramer">Hilton Kramer</a>, pp 218–221.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ReferenceA-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-ReferenceA_5-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ReferenceA_5-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ReferenceA_5-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Post-Modernism: The New Classicism in Art and Architecture</i> <a href="/wiki/Charles_Jencks" title="Charles Jencks">Charles Jencks</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-William_R._Everdell_1997,_p4-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-William_R._Everdell_1997,_p4_6-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-William_R._Everdell_1997,_p4_6-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">William R. Everdell, <a href="/wiki/The_First_Moderns" title="The First Moderns"><i>The First Moderns: Profiles in the Origins of Twentieth-century Thought</i></a>, University of Chicago Press, 1997, p4. <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-226-22480-5" title="Special:BookSources/0-226-22480-5">0-226-22480-5</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-introduction-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-introduction_7-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.pupress.princeton.edu/chapters/i8066.html">"Poetry of the Revolution. Marx, Manifestos, and the Avant-Gardes" introduction, Martin Puchner</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20051227195629/http://www.pupress.princeton.edu/chapters/i8066.html">Archived</a> 2005-12-27 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> Retrieved April 4, 2006</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://humanities.sas.upenn.edu/05-06/mellon_postdoc.shtml">"Looking at Artists' Manifestos, 1945–1965", Stephen B. Petersen</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110927185416/http://humanities.sas.upenn.edu/05-06/mellon_postdoc.shtml">Archived</a> September 27, 2011, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> Retrieved April 4, 2006</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.sharecom.ca/greenberg/postmodernism.html">Clement Greenberg: Modernism and Postmodernism</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190901163630/http://www.sharecom.ca/greenberg/postmodernism.html">Archived</a> 2019-09-01 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, seventh paragraph of the essay. URL accessed on June 15, 2006</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.sharecom.ca/greenberg/postmodernism.html">Clement Greenberg: Modernism and Postmodernism</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190901163630/http://www.sharecom.ca/greenberg/postmodernism.html">Archived</a> 2019-09-01 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, William Dobell Memorial Lecture, Sydney, Australia, Oct 31, 1979, Arts 54, No.6 (February 1980). His final essay on modernism Retrieved October 26, 2011</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Ideas About Art</i> by Desmond, Kathleen K. <a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=iP4sA3kwcFsC&q=ideas+about+art">[1]</a>, John Wiley & Sons, 2011, p.148</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>International postmodernism: theory and literary practice</i>, Bertens, Hans <a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=n_Eqx2Gr1vUC&q=international+postmodernism:+theory+and+literary+practice">[2]</a>, <a href="/wiki/Routledge" title="Routledge">Routledge</a>, 1997, p.236</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://philosophynow.org/issues/58/The_Death_of_Postmodernism_And_Beyond">"The Death of Postmodernism And Beyond | Issue 58 | Philosophy Now"</a>. <i>philosophynow.org</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210916123251/https://philosophynow.org/issues/58/The_Death_of_Postmodernism_And_Beyond">Archived</a> from the original on 2021-09-16<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2019-07-22</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=philosophynow.org&rft.atitle=The+Death+of+Postmodernism+And+Beyond+%26%23124%3B+Issue+58+%26%23124%3B+Philosophy+Now&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fphilosophynow.org%2Fissues%2F58%2FThe_Death_of_Postmodernism_And_Beyond&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AArt+movement" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nga.gov/fcgi-bin/tinfo_f?object=43430">"National Gallery of Art"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110511225739/http://www.nga.gov/fcgi-bin/tinfo_f?object=43430">Archived</a> from the original on 2011-05-11<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2013-10-19</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=National+Gallery+of+Art&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nga.gov%2Ffcgi-bin%2Ftinfo_f%3Fobject%3D43430&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AArt+movement" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Willem de Kooning</i> (1969) by Thomas B. Hess</span> </li> </ol></div></div> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(7)"><span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Art_movement&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: External links" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div><section class="mf-section-7 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-7"> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://the-artists.org/movement/movements">Art Movements since 1900</a> at the-artists.org (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180915101125/http://the-artists.org/movement/movements">Archived</a> 2018-09-15 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>)</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://witcombe.sbc.edu/ARTH20thcentury.html">20th-Century Art</a> Compiled by Dr.Witcombe, Sweet Briar College, Virginia.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ibiblio.org/wm/paint/">WebMuseum, Paris</a> Themes index and detailed glossary of art periods.</li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow{padding:0.25em 1em;line-height:1.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group{white-space:nowrap;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{background-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list{line-height:1.5em;border-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list-with-group{text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid}.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-group,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-image,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-list{border-top:2px solid #fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title{background-color:#ccf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-title{background-color:#ddf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-abovebelow{background-color:#e6e6ff}.mw-parser-output .navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1038841319">.mw-parser-output .tooltip-dotted{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}</style><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1038841319"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1038841319"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1038841319"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1038841319"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1038841319"></div>    </section></div> <noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?useformat=mobile&type=1x1&usesul3=0" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Art_movement&oldid=1275153885">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Art_movement&oldid=1275153885</a>"</div></div> </div> <div class="post-content" id="page-secondary-actions"> </div> </main> <footer class="mw-footer minerva-footer" role="contentinfo"> <a class="last-modified-bar" href="/w/index.php?title=Art_movement&action=history"> <div class="post-content last-modified-bar__content"> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon-size-medium minerva-icon--modified-history"></span> <span class="last-modified-bar__text modified-enhancement" data-user-name="Fieryninja" data-user-gender="unknown" data-timestamp="1739271315"> <span>Last edited on 11 February 2025, at 10:55</span> </span> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon-size-small minerva-icon--expand"></span> </div> </a> <div class="post-content footer-content"> <div id='mw-data-after-content'> <div class="read-more-container"></div> </div> <div id="p-lang"> <h4>Languages</h4> <section> <ul id="p-variants" class="minerva-languages"></ul> <ul class="minerva-languages"><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kunsbeweging" title="Kunsbeweging – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Kunsbeweging" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AD%D8%B1%D9%83%D8%A9_%D9%81%D9%86%D9%8A%D8%A9" title="حركة فنية – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="حركة فنية" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C9%99n%C9%99t_h%C9%99r%C9%99kat%C4%B1" title="Sənət hərəkatı – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Sənət hərəkatı" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/G%C4%93-su%CC%8Dt_%C5%ABn-t%C5%8Dng" title="Gē-su̍t ūn-tōng – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Gē-su̍t ūn-tōng" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D1%83%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%B6%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BE_%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5" title="Художествено направление – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Художествено направление" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moviment_art%C3%ADstic" title="Moviment artístic – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Moviment artístic" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs badge-Q70893996 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Um%C4%9Bleck%C3%BD_sm%C4%9Br" title="Umělecký směr – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Umělecký směr" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kunstivool" title="Kunstivool – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Kunstivool" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%9A%CE%B1%CE%BB%CE%BB%CE%B9%CF%84%CE%B5%CF%87%CE%BD%CE%B9%CE%BA%CF%8C_%CF%81%CE%B5%CF%8D%CE%BC%CE%B1" title="Καλλιτεχνικό ρεύμα – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Καλλιτεχνικό ρεύμα" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Movimiento_art%C3%ADstico" title="Movimiento artístico – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Movimiento artístico" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arta_movado" title="Arta movado – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Arta movado" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D9%86%D8%A8%D8%B4_%D9%87%D9%86%D8%B1%DB%8C" title="جنبش هنری – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="جنبش هنری" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mouvement_artistique" title="Mouvement artistique – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Mouvement artistique" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Estilo_art%C3%ADstico" title="Estilo artístico – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Estilo artístico" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Artala_movado" title="Artala movado – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Artala movado" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Movimento_artistico" title="Movimento artistico – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Movimento artistico" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%AA%D7%A0%D7%95%D7%A2%D7%94_%D7%90%D7%9E%D7%A0%D7%95%D7%AA%D7%99%D7%AA" title="תנועה אמנותית – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="תנועה אמנותית" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%AE%E1%83%94%E1%83%9A%E1%83%9D%E1%83%95%E1%83%9C%E1%83%94%E1%83%91%E1%83%98%E1%83%A1_%E1%83%9B%E1%83%98%E1%83%9B%E1%83%93%E1%83%98%E1%83%9C%E1%83%90%E1%83%A0%E1%83%94%E1%83%9D%E1%83%91%E1%83%90" title="ხელოვნების მიმდინარეობა – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ხელოვნების მიმდინარეობა" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mouvman_atistik" title="Mouvman atistik – Haitian Creole" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="Mouvman atistik" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="Haitian Creole" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kreyòl ayisyen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Motus_artis" title="Motus artis – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Motus artis" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/San%CA%BCatdagi_oqimlar" title="Sanʼatdagi oqimlar – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Sanʼatdagi oqimlar" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%87%D9%86%D8%B1%D9%8A_%D8%AE%D9%88%DA%81%DA%9A%D8%AA" title="هنري خوځښت – Pashto" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="هنري خوځښت" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="Pashto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Movimento_art%C3%ADstico" title="Movimento artístico – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Movimento artístico" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Curent_artistic" title="Curent artistic – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Curent artistic" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Art_movement" title="Art movement – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Art movement" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Umeleck%C3%A9_hnutie" title="Umelecké hnutie – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Umelecké hnutie" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Umetni%C5%A1ko_gibanje" title="Umetniško gibanje – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Umetniško gibanje" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Konstr%C3%B6relse" title="Konströrelse – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Konströrelse" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%B2%E0%AF%88%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%8D_%E0%AE%AA%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%A3%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%B3%E0%AF%8D,_%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%B2%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%8D_%E0%AE%AE%E0%AE%B1%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%B1%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%8D_%E0%AE%87%E0%AE%AF%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%99%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%B3%E0%AF%8D" title="கலைப் பாணிகள், காலம் மற்றும் இயக்கங்கள் – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="கலைப் பாணிகள், காலம் மற்றும் இயக்கங்கள்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%95%E0%B0%B3%E0%B0%BE_%E0%B0%89%E0%B0%A6%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%AE%E0%B0%82" title="కళా ఉద్యమం – Telugu" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="కళా ఉద్యమం" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="Telugu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sanatsal_ak%C4%B1m" title="Sanatsal akım – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Sanatsal akım" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tr%C3%A0o_l%C6%B0u_ngh%E1%BB%87_thu%E1%BA%ADt" title="Trào lưu nghệ thuật – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Trào lưu nghệ thuật" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%89%BA%E6%9C%AF%E8%BF%90%E5%8A%A8" title="艺术运动 – Wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="艺术运动" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%97%9D%E8%A1%93%E9%81%8B%E5%8B%95" title="藝術運動 – Cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="藝術運動" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Cantonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%89%BA%E6%9C%AF%E8%BF%90%E5%8A%A8" title="艺术运动 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="艺术运动" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li></ul> </section> </div> <div class="minerva-footer-logo"><img src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-en.svg" alt="Wikipedia" width="120" height="18" style="width: 7.5em; height: 1.125em;"/> </div> <ul id="footer-info" class="footer-info hlist hlist-separated"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> This page was last edited on 11 February 2025, at 10:55<span class="anonymous-show"> (UTC)</span>.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Content is available under <a class="external" rel="nofollow" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.en">CC BY-SA 4.0</a> unless otherwise noted.</li> </ul> <ul id="footer-places" class="footer-places hlist hlist-separated"> <li id="footer-places-privacy"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy">Privacy policy</a></li> <li id="footer-places-about"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:About">About Wikipedia</a></li> <li id="footer-places-disclaimers"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:General_disclaimer">Disclaimers</a></li> <li id="footer-places-contact"><a href="//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Contact_us">Contact Wikipedia</a></li> <li id="footer-places-wm-codeofconduct"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Universal_Code_of_Conduct">Code of Conduct</a></li> <li id="footer-places-developers"><a href="https://developer.wikimedia.org">Developers</a></li> <li id="footer-places-statslink"><a href="https://stats.wikimedia.org/#/en.wikipedia.org">Statistics</a></li> <li id="footer-places-cookiestatement"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Cookie_statement">Cookie statement</a></li> <li id="footer-places-terms-use"><a href="https://foundation.m.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Terms_of_Use">Terms of Use</a></li> <li id="footer-places-desktop-toggle"><a id="mw-mf-display-toggle" href="//en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Art_movement&mobileaction=toggle_view_desktop" data-event-name="switch_to_desktop">Desktop</a></li> </ul> </div> </footer> </div> </div> <div class="mw-notification-area" data-mw="interface"></div>  <script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.config.set({"wgHostname":"mw-web.codfw.main-6b9576b97f-wf8x2","wgBackendResponseTime":264,"wgPageParseReport":{"limitreport":{"cputime":"0.895","walltime":"1.158","ppvisitednodes":{"value":8524,"limit":1000000},"postexpandincludesize":{"value":326197,"limit":2097152},"templateargumentsize":{"value":10912,"limit":2097152},"expansiondepth":{"value":16,"limit":100},"expensivefunctioncount":{"value":2,"limit":500},"unstrip-depth":{"value":1,"limit":20},"unstrip-size":{"value":100408,"limit":5000000},"entityaccesscount":{"value":1,"limit":400},"timingprofile":["100.00% 814.135 1 -total"," 16.52% 134.510 11 Template:Navbox"," 15.69% 127.772 1 Template:Reflist"," 13.89% 113.044 8 Template:Lang"," 12.45% 101.339 81 Template:Circa"," 10.65% 86.743 1 Template:History_of_art_sidebar"," 10.39% 84.614 1 Template:Sidebar_with_collapsible_lists"," 9.42% 76.679 1 Template:Westernart"," 7.78% 63.325 1 Template:Short_description"," 7.29% 59.372 2 Template:Cite_web"]},"scribunto":{"limitreport-timeusage":{"value":"0.419","limit":"10.000"},"limitreport-memusage":{"value":20340566,"limit":52428800}},"cachereport":{"origin":"mw-api-int.codfw.main-c5bb75bf5-lbwvn","timestamp":"20250220041931","ttl":2592000,"transientcontent":false}}});});</script> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@type":"Article","name":"Art movement","url":"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Art_movement","sameAs":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q968159","mainEntity":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q968159","author":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Contributors to Wikimedia projects"},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https:\/\/www.wikimedia.org\/static\/images\/wmf-hor-googpub.png"}},"datePublished":"2003-05-17T16:25:37Z","dateModified":"2025-02-11T10:55:15Z","headline":"tendency or style in art with a specific common philosophy or goal, possibly associated with a specific historical period"}</script><script>(window.NORLQ=window.NORLQ||[]).push(function(){var ns,i,p,img;ns=document.getElementsByTagName('noscript');for(i=0;i<ns.length;i++){p=ns[i].nextSibling;if(p&&p.className&&p.className.indexOf('lazy-image-placeholder')>-1){img=document.createElement('img');img.setAttribute('src',p.getAttribute('data-src'));img.setAttribute('width',p.getAttribute('data-width'));img.setAttribute('height',p.getAttribute('data-height'));img.setAttribute('alt',p.getAttribute('data-alt'));p.parentNode.replaceChild(img,p);}}});</script> </body> </html>