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lang="en" dir="ltr"><section class="mf-section-0" id="mf-section-0"> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <p><i><b>Isopyrum</b></i> is a <a href="/wiki/Genus" title="Genus">genus</a> of <a href="/wiki/Flowering_plant" title="Flowering plant">flowering plants</a> of the family <a href="/wiki/Ranunculaceae" title="Ranunculaceae">Ranunculaceae</a> native to <a href="/wiki/Eurasia" title="Eurasia">Eurasia</a> and North America. <i>Isopyrum</i> plants possess white flowers with five <a href="/wiki/Sepal" title="Sepal">sepals</a> and five <a href="/wiki/Petal" title="Petal">petals</a>. </p><table class="infobox biota" style="text-align: left; width: 200px; font-size: 100%"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="2" style="color:inherit; text-align: center; background-color: rgb(180,250,180)"><i>Isopyrum</i> </th></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Isopyrum_thalictroides.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Isopyrum_thalictroides.jpg/220px-Isopyrum_thalictroides.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="295" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Isopyrum_thalictroides.jpg/330px-Isopyrum_thalictroides.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Isopyrum_thalictroides.jpg/440px-Isopyrum_thalictroides.jpg 2x" data-file-width="968" data-file-height="1296"></a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; font-size: 88%"><i><a href="/wiki/Isopyrum_thalictroides" title="Isopyrum thalictroides">Isopyrum thalictroides</a></i> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" style="color:inherit; min-width:15em; text-align: center; background-color: rgb(180,250,180)"><a href="/wiki/Taxonomy_(biology)" title="Taxonomy (biology)">Scientific classification</a> <span class="plainlinks taxobox-edit-taxonomy skin-invert" style="font-size:smaller; float:right; padding-right:0.4em; margin-left:-3em;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Template:Taxonomy/Isopyrum" title="Edit this classification"><img alt="Edit this classification" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg/23px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg/30px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20"></a></span></span> </th></tr> <tr> <td>Kingdom: </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Plant" title="Plant">Plantae</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><i>Clade</i>: </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Vascular_plant" title="Vascular plant">Tracheophytes</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><i>Clade</i>: </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Flowering_plant" title="Flowering plant">Angiosperms</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><i>Clade</i>: </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Eudicots" title="Eudicots">Eudicots</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Order: </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ranunculales" title="Ranunculales">Ranunculales</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Family: </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ranunculaceae" title="Ranunculaceae">Ranunculaceae</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Subfamily: </td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Thalictroideae&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Thalictroideae (page does not exist)">Thalictroideae</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Genus: </td> <td><a class="mw-selflink selflink"><i>Isopyrum</i></a><br><small><a href="/wiki/Carl_Linnaeus" title="Carl Linnaeus">L.</a></small> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" style="color:inherit; text-align: center; background-color: rgb(180,250,180)"><a href="/wiki/Type_species" title="Type species">Type species</a> </th></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"><i><a href="/wiki/Isopyrum_thalictroides" title="Isopyrum thalictroides">Isopyrum thalictroides</a></i><br><div style="font-size: 85%;"><a href="/wiki/Carl_Linnaeus" title="Carl Linnaeus">L.</a></div> </td></tr> </tbody></table><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238732961">@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox.biota tr{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox.biota img{background:transparent}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox.biota tr{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox.biota img{background:white}}.mw-parser-output .infobox.biota .taxobox-edit-taxonomy img{background:transparent!important}body.skin-vector .mw-parser-output table.biota.infobox{margin-top:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output table.biota.infobox tr.taxonrow td{padding:2px 10px}</style> <p>The genus was first described in 1753 by the biologist <a href="/wiki/Carl_Linnaeus" title="Carl Linnaeus">Carl Linnaeus</a>. In 1920, the genus <i><a href="/wiki/Paraquilegia" title="Paraquilegia">Paraquilegia</a></i> was segregated out from <i>Isopyrum</i> to contain plants that are more morphologically aligned with members of the genus <i><a href="/wiki/Aquilegia" title="Aquilegia">Aquilegia</a></i> (columbines). </p> <div id="toc" class="toc" role="navigation" aria-labelledby="mw-toc-heading"><input type="checkbox" role="button" id="toctogglecheckbox" class="toctogglecheckbox" style="display:none"><div class="toctitle" lang="en" dir="ltr"><h2 id="mw-toc-heading">Contents</h2><span class="toctogglespan"><label class="toctogglelabel" for="toctogglecheckbox"></label></span></div> <ul> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-1"><a href="#Description"><span class="tocnumber">1</span> <span class="toctext">Description</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-2"><a href="#Taxonomy"><span class="tocnumber">2</span> <span class="toctext">Taxonomy</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-3"><a href="#Distribution"><span class="tocnumber">3</span> <span class="toctext">Distribution</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-4"><a href="#Species"><span class="tocnumber">4</span> <span class="toctext">Species</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-5"><a href="#References"><span class="tocnumber">5</span> <span class="toctext">References</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(1)"><span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span><h2 id="Description">Description</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Isopyrum&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Description" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div><section class="mf-section-1 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-1"> <p><i>Isopyrum</i> is a <a href="/wiki/Genus" title="Genus">genus</a> of <a href="/wiki/Perennial" title="Perennial">perennial</a> <a href="/wiki/Herb" title="Herb">herbs</a> in the family <a href="/wiki/Ranunculaceae" title="Ranunculaceae">Ranunculaceae</a>. The smooth and glabrous stems stand erect. Leaves are biternate. The leaves attached to the base of the stem are pale green on the bottom and green on the top. Leaves attached to the stem have short <a href="/wiki/Petiole_(botany)" title="Petiole (botany)">petioles</a> with white sheathes.<sup id="cite_ref-FOC_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOC-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Flowers on <i>Isopyrum</i> plants have radial symmetry. Each flower possesses five <a href="/wiki/Sepal" title="Sepal">sepals</a> and five <a href="/wiki/Petal" title="Petal">petals</a>. Sepals are white and petaloid. The petals are substantially smaller than the sepals. Each flower also features yellow <a href="/wiki/Anther" class="mw-redirect" title="Anther">anthers</a> and between 20 and 30 <a href="/wiki/Stamen" title="Stamen">stamens</a>. There are between one and five <a href="/wiki/Pistil" class="mw-redirect" title="Pistil">pistils</a> (female sex organs) to a flower.<sup id="cite_ref-FOC_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOC-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><i>Isopyrum</i> fruit are stored in <a href="/wiki/Follicle_(fruit)" title="Follicle (fruit)">follicles</a> that appear in groups of one to five. Each bears numerous seeds. These seeds are smooth and have an ovoid to ellipsoid shape. The seeds can be varying shades of black.<sup id="cite_ref-FOC_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOC-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(2)"><span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span><h2 id="Taxonomy">Taxonomy</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Isopyrum&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Taxonomy" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div><section class="mf-section-2 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-2"> <p>The genus <i>Isopyrum</i> was first described by the Swedish biologist <a href="/wiki/Carl_Linnaeus" title="Carl Linnaeus">Carl Linnaeus</a> in 1753.<sup id="cite_ref-FOC_1-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOC-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1920, British botanists <a href="/wiki/James_Ramsay_Drummond" title="James Ramsay Drummond">James Ramsay Drummond</a> and <a href="/wiki/John_Hutchinson_(botanist)" title="John Hutchinson (botanist)">John Hutchinson</a> published a paper, "A Revision of <i>Isopyrum</i> (Ranunculaceae) and Its Nearer Allies", in the <a href="/wiki/Royal_Botanic_Gardens,_Kew" title="Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew">Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew</a>'s <i><a href="/wiki/Bulletin_of_Miscellaneous_Information" class="mw-redirect" title="Bulletin of Miscellaneous Information">Bulletin of Miscellaneous Information</a></i> to address problems that had developed within the genus. Prior to their paper, the genus had permitted substantial morphological variance to coexist with certain species demonstrating greater affinities towards the genus <i><a href="/wiki/Aquilegia" title="Aquilegia">Aquilegia</a></i> (columbines).<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Part of the pair's proposed resolution was creating <i><a href="/wiki/Paraquilegia" title="Paraquilegia">Paraquilegia</a></i> and expanding the genus <i><a href="/wiki/Semiaquilegia" title="Semiaquilegia">Semiaquilegia</a></i>.<sup id="cite_ref-Nold_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Nold-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 46">: 46 </span></sup> </p> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(3)"><span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span><h2 id="Distribution">Distribution</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Isopyrum&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Distribution" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div><section class="mf-section-3 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-3"> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Royal_Botanic_Gardens,_Kew" title="Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew">Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Plants_of_the_World_Online" title="Plants of the World Online">Plants of the World Online</a> (POWO), which recognizes four species, characterized <i>Isopyrum</i> as solely an <a href="/wiki/Eurasian" class="mw-redirect" title="Eurasian">Eurasian</a> genus. POWO treats <i>Isopyrum</i> as native to Spain, France, and much of Eastern Europe. POWO also identifies that the genus was <a href="/wiki/Introduced_species" title="Introduced species">introduced</a> to Denmark and has an extinct range in Switzerland.<sup id="cite_ref-POWO_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-POWO-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>According to the <i><a href="/wiki/Flora_of_China_(series)" title="Flora of China (series)">Flora of China</a></i>, members of <i>Isopyrum</i> are present across Eurasia and in North America.<sup id="cite_ref-FOC_1-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOC-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As of 2001<sup class="plainlinks noexcerpt noprint asof-tag update" style="display:none;"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Isopyrum&action=edit">[update]</a></sup>, the <i>Flora of China</i> identified two species – <i>Isopyrum anemonoides</i> and <i>Isopyrum manshuricum</i> – as having native ranges which extended into China.<sup id="cite_ref-FOC_1-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOC-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(4)"><span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span><h2 id="Species">Species</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Isopyrum&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Species" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div><section class="mf-section-4 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-4"> <p>The list may not be complete or up-to-date. Many of the species formerly placed in <i>Isopyrum</i> are now placed in other genera of the <a href="/wiki/Ranunculaceae" title="Ranunculaceae">Ranunculaceae</a>, especially <i><a href="/wiki/Enemion" title="Enemion">Enemion</a></i> and <i><a href="/wiki/Dichocarpum" title="Dichocarpum">Dichocarpum</a></i>. Accepted species include:<sup id="cite_ref-Cat._(2017)_Isopyrum_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Cat._(2017)_Isopyrum-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul><li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Isopyrum_anemonoides&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Isopyrum anemonoides (page does not exist)">Isopyrum anemonoides</a></i> <small>Kar. & Kir</small></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Isopyrum_ludlowii&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Isopyrum ludlowii (page does not exist)">Isopyrum ludlowii</a></i> <small>Tamura & Lauener</small></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Isopyrum_manshuricum&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Isopyrum manshuricum (page does not exist)">Isopyrum manshuricum</a></i> <small>(Komarov) Komarov ex W. T. Wang& Hsiao</small></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Isopyrum_thalictroides" title="Isopyrum thalictroides">Isopyrum thalictroides</a></i> <small>L.</small></li></ul> <p>Synonyms include:<sup id="cite_ref-Cat_(2017)_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Cat_(2017)-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul><li><i>Isopyrum arisanense</i> <small>(Hayata) Ohwi</small> = <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dichocarpum_arisanense&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dichocarpum arisanense (page does not exist)">Dichocarpum arisanense</a></i> <small>(Hayata) W.T.Wang & P.K.Hsiao</small></li> <li><i>Isopyrum auriculatum</i> <small>Franch.</small> = <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dichocarpum_auriculatum&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dichocarpum auriculatum (page does not exist)">Dichocarpum auriculatum</a></i> <small>(Franch.) W.T.Wang & P.K.Hsiao</small></li> <li><i>Isopyrum dicarpon</i> <small>Miq.</small> = <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dichocarpum_dicarpon&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dichocarpum dicarpon (page does not exist)">Dichocarpum dicarpon</a></i> <small>(Miq.) W. T. Wang & Hsiao</small></li> <li><i>Isopyrum hakonense</i> <small>Maekawa & Tuyama ex Ohwi</small> = <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dichocarpum_hakonense&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dichocarpum hakonense (page does not exist)">Dichocarpum hakonense</a></i> <small>(Maekawa & Tuyama ex Ohwi) W.T. Wang & Hsiao</small></li> <li><i>Isopyrum hallii</i> <small>A. Gray</small>=<a href="/w/index.php?title=Enemion_hallii&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Enemion hallii (page does not exist)">Enemion hallii</a> <small>(A. Gray) J. R. Drumm. & Hutchinson</small></li> <li><i>Isopyrum leveilleanum</i> <small>Nakai</small> = <i><a href="/wiki/Semiaquilegia_adoxoides" title="Semiaquilegia adoxoides">Semiaquilegia adoxoides</a></i> <small>(DC.) Makino</small></li> <li><i>Isopyrum nipponicum</i> <small>Franch.</small> = <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dichocarpum_nipponicum&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dichocarpum nipponicum (page does not exist)">Dichocarpum nipponicum</a></i> <small>(Franch.) W. T. Wang & Hsiao</small></li> <li><i>Isopyrum numajirianum</i> <small>Makino</small> = <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dichocarpum_numajirianum&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dichocarpum numajirianum (page does not exist)">Dichocarpum numajirianum</a></i> <small>(Makino) W. T. Wang & Hsiao</small></li> <li><i>Isopyrum pterigionocaudatum</i> <small>Koidz.</small> = <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dichocarpum_nipponicum&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dichocarpum nipponicum (page does not exist)">Dichocarpum nipponicum</a></i> <small>(Franch.) W. T. Wang & Hsiao</small></li> <li><i>Isopyrum stoloniferum</i> <small>Maxim.</small> = <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dichocarpum_stoloniferum&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dichocarpum stoloniferum (page does not exist)">Dichocarpum stoloniferum</a></i> <small>(Maxim.) W. T. Wang & Hsiao</small></li> <li><i>Isopyrum trachyspermum</i> <small>Maxim.</small> = <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dichocarpum_trachyspermum&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dichocarpum trachyspermum (page does not exist)">Dichocarpum trachyspermum</a></i> <small>(Maxim.) W. T. Wang & Hsiao</small></li> <li><i>Isopyrum uniflorum</i> <small>Aitch. & Hemsl.</small> = <i><a href="/wiki/Paraquilegia_uniflora" title="Paraquilegia uniflora">Paraquilegia uniflora</a></i> <small>(Aitch. & Hemsl.) J. Drumm. & Hutch.</small></li></ul> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(5)"><span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Isopyrum&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: References" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div><section class="mf-section-5 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-5"> <ul><li><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFPink,_A.2004" class="citation book cs1">Pink, A. (2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/11892"><i>Gardening for the Million</i></a>. <a href="/wiki/Project_Gutenberg" title="Project Gutenberg">Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Gardening+for+the+Million&rft.pub=Project+Gutenberg+Literary+Archive+Foundation&rft.date=2004&rft.au=Pink%2C+A.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.gutenberg.org%2Febooks%2F11892&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIsopyrum" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://ucjeps.berkeley.edu/cgi-bin/get_JM_treatment.pl?6434,6517">Jepson Manual Treatment</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.tropicos.org/Name/40032212?projectid=8">Tropicos.org - Species of Isopyrum</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-FOC-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOC_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOC_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOC_1-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOC_1-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOC_1-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOC_1-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.efloras.org/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=2&taxon_id=116612">"<i>Isopyrum</i>"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Flora_of_China_(series)" title="Flora of China (series)">Flora of China</a></i>. Vol. 6. 2001. pp. <span class="nowrap">275–</span>276 – via efloras.org.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Isopyrum&rft.btitle=Flora+of+China&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E275-%3C%2Fspan%3E276&rft.date=2001&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.efloras.org%2Fflorataxon.aspx%3Fflora_id%3D2%26taxon_id%3D116612&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIsopyrum" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDrummondHutchinson1920" class="citation journal cs1"><a href="/wiki/James_Ramsay_Drummond" title="James Ramsay Drummond">Drummond, J. R.</a>; <a href="/wiki/John_Hutchinson_(botanist)" title="John Hutchinson (botanist)">Hutchinson, J.</a> (1920). "A Revision of <i>Isopyrum</i> (Ranunculaceae) and Its Nearer Allies". <i><a href="/wiki/Bulletin_of_Miscellaneous_Information" class="mw-redirect" title="Bulletin of Miscellaneous Information">Bulletin of Miscellaneous Information</a></i>. <b>1920</b> (5): <span class="nowrap">145–</span>169. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.2307%2F4107428">10.2307/4107428</a>. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/4107428">4107428</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bulletin+of+Miscellaneous+Information&rft.atitle=A+Revision+of+Isopyrum+%28Ranunculaceae%29+and+Its+Nearer+Allies&rft.volume=1920&rft.issue=5&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E145-%3C%2Fspan%3E169&rft.date=1920&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.2307%2F4107428&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F4107428%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft.aulast=Drummond&rft.aufirst=J.+R.&rft.au=Hutchinson%2C+J.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIsopyrum" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Nold-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Nold_3-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNold2003" class="citation book cs1">Nold, Robert (2003). <i>Columbines: </i>Aquilegia<i>, </i>Paraquilegia<i>, and </i>Semiaquilegia<i><span></span></i>. <a href="/wiki/Portland,_Oregon" title="Portland, Oregon">Portland</a>, <a href="/wiki/Oregon" title="Oregon">OR</a>: Timber Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0881925888" title="Special:BookSources/0881925888"><bdi>0881925888</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Columbines%3A+Aquilegia%2C+Paraquilegia%2C+and+Semiaquilegia&rft.place=Portland%2C+OR&rft.pub=Timber+Press&rft.date=2003&rft.isbn=0881925888&rft.aulast=Nold&rft.aufirst=Robert&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIsopyrum" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-POWO-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-POWO_4-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/331677-2">"<i>Isopyrum</i> L."</a> <i><a href="/wiki/Plants_of_the_World_Online" title="Plants of the World Online">Plants of the World Online</a></i>. <a href="/wiki/Royal_Botanic_Gardens,_Kew" title="Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew">Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">27 January</span> 2025</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Plants+of+the+World+Online&rft.atitle=Isopyrum+L.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fpowo.science.kew.org%2Ftaxon%2F331677-2&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIsopyrum" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Cat._(2017)_Isopyrum-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Cat._(2017)_Isopyrum_5-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.catalogueoflife.org/annual-checklist/2017/browse/tree/id/b6b4701de221b1c6825f3eef9e505a1c">"Catalogue of Life - 2017 Annual Checklist : Taxonomic tree"</a>. <i>www.catalogueoflife.org</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.catalogueoflife.org&rft.atitle=Catalogue+of+Life+-+2017+Annual+Checklist+%3A+Taxonomic+tree&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.catalogueoflife.org%2Fannual-checklist%2F2017%2Fbrowse%2Ftree%2Fid%2Fb6b4701de221b1c6825f3eef9e505a1c&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIsopyrum" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Cat_(2017)-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Cat_(2017)_6-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190708164550/http://www.catalogueoflife.org/annual-checklist/2017/search/all/key/Isopyrum/fossil/0/match/1/page/1/sort/direction/asc/direction/asc/direction/asc/direction/asc/direction/asc//direction/asc">"Catalogue of Life - 2017 Annual Checklist : Search all names"</a>. <i>www.catalogueoflife.org</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.catalogueoflife.org/annual-checklist/2017/search/all/key/Isopyrum/fossil/0/match/1/page/1/sort/direction/asc/direction/asc/direction/asc/direction/asc/direction/asc//direction/asc">the original</a> on 2019-07-08<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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.navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div>    </section></div> <noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?useformat=mobile&type=1x1&usesul3=0" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Isopyrum&oldid=1278619779">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Isopyrum&oldid=1278619779</a>"</div></div> </div> <div class="post-content" id="page-secondary-actions"> </div> </main> <footer class="mw-footer minerva-footer" role="contentinfo"> <a class="last-modified-bar" href="/w/index.php?title=Isopyrum&action=history"> <div class="post-content last-modified-bar__content"> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon-size-medium minerva-icon--modified-history"></span> <span class="last-modified-bar__text modified-enhancement" data-user-name="Someone who's wrong on the internet" data-user-gender="unknown" data-timestamp="1741015729"> <span>Last edited on 3 March 2025, at 15:28</span> </span> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon-size-small minerva-icon--expand"></span> </div> </a> <div class="post-content footer-content"> <div id='mw-data-after-content'> <div class="read-more-container"></div> </div> <div id="p-lang"> <h4>Languages</h4> <section> <ul id="p-variants" class="minerva-languages"></ul> <ul class="minerva-languages"><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A5%D8%B5%D9%81%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%86" title="إصفورن – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="إصفورن" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B0%D1%9E%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BF%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%BD%D1%96%D0%BA" title="Раўнаплоднік – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Раўнаплоднік" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isopyrum" title="Isopyrum – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Isopyrum" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isopyrum" title="Isopyrum – Cebuano" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Isopyrum" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="Cebuano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zapalice" title="Zapalice – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Zapalice" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isopyrum" title="Isopyrum – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Isopyrum" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isopyrum" title="Isopyrum – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Isopyrum" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pu%C5%BEarka" title="Pužarka – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Pužarka" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isopyrum" title="Isopyrum – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Isopyrum" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bligna" title="Bligna – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Bligna" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Galambvir%C3%A1g" title="Galambvirág – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Galambvirág" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D8%B5%D9%81%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%86" title="اصفورن – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="اصفورن" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zdroj%C3%B3wka" title="Zdrojówka – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Zdrojówka" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isopyrum" title="Isopyrum – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Isopyrum" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA" title="Равноплодник – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Равноплодник" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vuokko%C3%A4ngelm%C3%A4t" title="Vuokkoängelmät – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Vuokkoängelmät" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vitsippsrutor" title="Vitsippsrutor – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Vitsippsrutor" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isopyrum" title="Isopyrum – Waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Isopyrum" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%89%81%E6%9E%9C%E8%8D%89%E5%B1%9E" title="扁果草属 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="扁果草属" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li></ul> </section> </div> <div class="minerva-footer-logo"><img src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-en.svg" alt="Wikipedia" width="120" height="18" style="width: 7.5em; height: 1.125em;"/> </div> <ul id="footer-info" class="footer-info hlist hlist-separated"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> This page was last edited on 3 March 2025, at 15:28<span class="anonymous-show"> (UTC)</span>.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Content is available under <a class="external" rel="nofollow" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.en">CC BY-SA 4.0</a> unless otherwise noted.</li> </ul> <ul id="footer-places" class="footer-places hlist hlist-separated"> <li id="footer-places-privacy"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy">Privacy policy</a></li> <li id="footer-places-about"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:About">About Wikipedia</a></li> <li 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