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National Churchill Museum - Wikipedia

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style="display:none">&#xfeff; / <span class="geo">38.8499806; -91.9545389</span></span></span></a></span></span></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">United States historic place</div><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox" style="border-spacing:1px;"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader" style="padding:0; border:none;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><div class="skin-nightmode-reset-color" style="width:100%; font-size:110%; font-weight:bold;color: #202122; background: #A8EDEF; line-height:1.5">Winston Churchill Memorial</div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><div style="width:100%; text-align:center; line-height:1.5;color: #202122; background: #A8EDEF;"><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places" title="National Register of Historic Places">U.S. National Register of Historic Places</a></div></td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:National_Churchill_Museum_from_S_1.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/National_Churchill_Museum_from_S_1.JPG/250px-National_Churchill_Museum_from_S_1.JPG" decoding="async" width="250" height="225" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/National_Churchill_Museum_from_S_1.JPG/375px-National_Churchill_Museum_from_S_1.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/National_Churchill_Museum_from_S_1.JPG/500px-National_Churchill_Museum_from_S_1.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1674" data-file-height="1506" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">View from the south</div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238443738">.mw-parser-output .locmap .od{position:absolute}.mw-parser-output .locmap .id{position:absolute;line-height:0}.mw-parser-output .locmap .l0{font-size:0;position:absolute}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pv{line-height:110%;position:absolute;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pl{line-height:110%;position:absolute;top:-0.75em;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pr{line-height:110%;position:absolute;top:-0.75em;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pv>div{display:inline;padding:1px}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pl>div{display:inline;padding:1px;float:right}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pr>div{display:inline;padding:1px;float:left}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pv>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pl>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pr>div{background:#fff!important;color:#000!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .locmap{filter:grayscale(0.6)}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data .locmap div{background:transparent!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .locmap{filter:grayscale(0.6)}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pv>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pl>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pr>div{background:white!important;color:#000!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data .locmap div{background:transparent!important}}</style><div class="center"><div class="locmap" style="width:250px;float:none;clear:both;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto"><div style="width:250px;padding:0"><div style="position:relative;width:250px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:USA_Missouri_location_map.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="National Churchill Museum is located in Missouri"><img alt="National Churchill Museum is located in Missouri" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/USA_Missouri_location_map.svg/250px-USA_Missouri_location_map.svg.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="229" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/USA_Missouri_location_map.svg/375px-USA_Missouri_location_map.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/USA_Missouri_location_map.svg/500px-USA_Missouri_location_map.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1401" data-file-height="1282" /></a></span><div class="od notheme" style="top:39%;left:56.978%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-4px;top:-4px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="National Churchill Museum"><img alt="National Churchill Museum" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/7px-Red_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="7" height="7" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/11px-Red_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/14px-Red_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></span></span></div></div></div><div style="padding-top:0.2em"></div></div></div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:bold; border: 0;">Location</th><td class="infobox-data" style="border: 0;"><a href="/wiki/Fulton,_Missouri" title="Fulton, Missouri">Fulton, Missouri</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:bold; border: 0;">Coordinates</th><td class="infobox-data" style="border: 0;"><span class="geo-inline"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=National_Churchill_Museum&amp;params=38_50_59.93_N_91_57_16.34_W_type:landmark_region:US-MO"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">38°50′59.93″N</span> <span class="longitude">91°57′16.34″W</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct">&#xfeff; / &#xfeff;</span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">38.8499806°N 91.9545389°W</span><span style="display:none">&#xfeff; / <span class="geo">38.8499806; -91.9545389</span></span></span></a></span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:bold; border: 0;">Built</th><td class="infobox-data" style="border: 0;">1677</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:bold; border: 0;">Architect</th><td class="infobox-data" style="border: 0;"><a href="/wiki/Christopher_Wren" title="Christopher Wren">Christopher Wren</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:bold; border: 0;">Architectural&#160;style</th><td class="infobox-data" style="border: 0;"><a href="/wiki/Renaissance_architecture" title="Renaissance architecture">Renaissance</a> <a href="/wiki/Classical_architecture" title="Classical architecture">Classical</a>, <br /><a href="/wiki/English_Baroque" class="mw-redirect" title="English Baroque">English Baroque</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:bold; border: 0;">NRHP&#160;reference&#160;<abbr title="number">No.</abbr></th><td class="infobox-data" style="border: 0;"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://npgallery.nps.gov/AssetDetail/NRIS/72000708">72000708</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:bold; border: 0;">Added to NRHP</th><td class="infobox-data" style="border: 0;">March 16, 1972</td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>America’s National Churchill Museum</b> (formerly the <b>Winston Churchill Memorial and Library</b>), is located on the <a href="/wiki/Westminster_College_(Missouri)" title="Westminster College (Missouri)">Westminster College</a> campus in <a href="/wiki/Fulton,_Missouri" title="Fulton, Missouri">Fulton</a>, <a href="/wiki/Missouri" title="Missouri">Missouri</a>, <a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a>. The museum commemorates <a href="/wiki/Winston_Churchill" title="Winston Churchill">Sir Winston Churchill</a>, the former <a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="Prime Minister of the United Kingdom">Prime Minister of the United Kingdom</a>, and comprises three elements: the Church of <a href="/wiki/St_Mary_Aldermanbury" title="St Mary Aldermanbury">St Mary Aldermanbury</a>, the museum itself, and the <i>Breakthrough</i> sculpture. The London church was renovated by English architect <a href="/wiki/Christopher_Wren" title="Christopher Wren">Christopher Wren</a> in 1677, damaged during World War II, and deconstructed and rebuilt in Missouri in the 1960s.<sup id="cite_ref-Churchill,_Memorial_Exhibits_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Churchill,_Memorial_Exhibits-1"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Overview">Overview</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=National_Churchill_Museum&amp;action=edit&amp;section=1" title="Edit section: Overview"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The central element of America’s National Churchill Museum is the <a href="/wiki/St_Mary_Aldermanbury" title="St Mary Aldermanbury">Church of St. Mary, Aldermanbury</a>, a 17th-century church moved stone-by-stone to Fulton from its former location in <a href="/wiki/London" title="London">London, England</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-DNR_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-DNR-2"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>Beneath the <a href="/wiki/Church_(building)" title="Church (building)">church</a> is the Churchill museum, renovated in 2006. Its exhibits tell Churchill's story, discussing his personal and political life and his legacy. Additionally, the Clementine-Spencer Churchill Reading Room houses an extensive research collection about Churchill. </p><p>Outside the church stands the <i>Breakthrough</i> sculpture, formed from eight sections of the <a href="/wiki/Berlin_Wall" title="Berlin Wall">Berlin Wall</a>. Churchill's granddaughter, artist <a href="/wiki/Edwina_Sandys" title="Edwina Sandys">Edwina Sandys</a>, designed the sculpture to commemorate both the "Sinews of Peace" speech and the <a href="/wiki/Fall_of_the_Berlin_Wall" title="Fall of the Berlin Wall">fall of the Berlin Wall</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="&quot;The_Sinews_of_Peace&quot;_address"><span id=".22The_Sinews_of_Peace.22_address"></span>"The Sinews of Peace" address</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=National_Churchill_Museum&amp;action=edit&amp;section=2" title="Edit section: &quot;The Sinews of Peace&quot; address"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 1946, the president of Westminster College, Franc McCluer, reached out to a member of <a href="/wiki/President_of_the_United_States" title="President of the United States">United States President</a> <a href="/wiki/Harry_S._Truman" title="Harry S. Truman">Harry S Truman's</a> administration. This member, a Westminster College alumnus, arranged for Truman to visit the college, and to invite Winston Churchill to speak there.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Churchill accepted the invitation, and on March 5, 1946, delivered his famous "<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nato.int/docu/speech/1946/s460305a_e.htm">Sinews of Peace</a>" address, also known as the "<a href="/wiki/Iron_Curtain" title="Iron Curtain">Iron Curtain</a>" speech, as a part of the John Findlay Green Foundation Lecture series, which was witnessed by Truman. </p><p>Today, visitors to the museum may view filmed selections of the speech. The lectern and chair that Churchill used are on display in the museum. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Churchill's_Living_Memorial:_St._Mary,_Aldermanbury"><span id="Churchill.27s_Living_Memorial:_St._Mary.2C_Aldermanbury"></span>Churchill's Living Memorial: St. Mary, Aldermanbury</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=National_Churchill_Museum&amp;action=edit&amp;section=3" title="Edit section: Churchill&#039;s Living Memorial: St. Mary, Aldermanbury"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:WINSTON_CHURCHILL_MEMORIAL.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2d/WINSTON_CHURCHILL_MEMORIAL.jpg/261px-WINSTON_CHURCHILL_MEMORIAL.jpg" decoding="async" width="261" height="376" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/2d/WINSTON_CHURCHILL_MEMORIAL.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="334" data-file-height="480" /></a><figcaption>St. Mary, Aldermanbury as rebuilt</figcaption></figure> <p>In 1961, Westminster College President Dr. Robert L. D. Davidson began formulating a plan to commemorate both Winston Churchill's life and the "Sinews of Peace." A <i><a href="/wiki/Life_(magazine)" title="Life (magazine)">LIFE</a></i> magazine feature on war-ravaged, soon-to-be-demolished <a href="/wiki/Christopher_Wren" title="Christopher Wren">Christopher Wren</a> churches in London prompted the suggestion to import one of the churches to serve as both a memorial and the College chapel.<sup id="cite_ref-Yorkgits_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Yorkgits-4"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> After further investigation, college officials selected St. Mary, Aldermanbury as the church to be relocated to the college. </p><p>St. Mary, Aldermanbury was chosen because of its relatively small size and its nearly 1,000 year history. Founded in the late 12th century, the church survived the <a href="/wiki/English_Reformation" title="English Reformation">English Reformation</a>, <a href="/wiki/English_Restoration" class="mw-redirect" title="English Restoration">English Restoration</a>, and numerous civil wars. However, on September 2, 1666, the church was destroyed in the <a href="/wiki/Great_Fire_of_London" title="Great Fire of London">Great Fire of London</a>. With approval for rebuilding granted in 1670, architect <a href="/wiki/Christopher_Wren" title="Christopher Wren">Christopher Wren</a> began renovating the church in 1672. He rebuilt the church on part of the old foundation with as many of the original stones as could be salvaged. By 1677, the work was essentially complete; the <a href="/wiki/Cupola" title="Cupola">cupola</a> was added to the tower in 1679.<sup id="cite_ref-Churchill,_Memorial_Exhibits_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Churchill,_Memorial_Exhibits-1"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>On December 29,1940, during World War II, the German <i><a href="/wiki/Luftwaffe" title="Luftwaffe">Luftwaffe</a></i> mounted a massive air raid and St. Mary's suffered a direct hit by an <a href="/wiki/Incendiary_device" title="Incendiary device">incendiary bomb</a>, causing it to burn down. In the aftermath of the <a href="/wiki/War" title="War">war</a>, few of the destroyed churches were rebuilt, and many, St. Mary's included, remained as ruins. After standing as ruins for 20 years, St. Mary's and several other of London's parish churches were slated for demolition.<sup id="cite_ref-Churchill,_Memorial_Exhibits_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Churchill,_Memorial_Exhibits-1"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>At this point, Westminster College stepped in to stop the demolition of St. Mary's and decided to reconstruct it in honor of Winston Churchill. It took four years to finalize preparations for the project, and to raise the necessary $2 million (more than $10 million today) to carry out the reconstruction. Actor <a href="/wiki/Richard_Burton" title="Richard Burton">Richard Burton</a> was a major promoter and donor, appearing on <i><a href="/wiki/The_Tonight_Show" title="The Tonight Show">The Tonight Show</a></i> with <a href="/wiki/Jack_Paar" title="Jack Paar">Jack Paar</a> on NBC, who made a direct appeal.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1965, the removal process of St. Mary's began. Workers labeled each of the 7,000 stones, noting their location in the church. More than 700 tons of blocks were shipped to Fulton via boat and rail. In the transportation process, the stones got out of order, complicating the reconstruction of the church.<sup id="cite_ref-Churchill,_Memorial_Exhibits_1-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Churchill,_Memorial_Exhibits-1"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:HPIM4308_St._Mary_Aldermanbury_Church,_Fulton,_Missouri,_USA.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Church interior with stone columns, barrel vault, arched window" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/HPIM4308_St._Mary_Aldermanbury_Church%2C_Fulton%2C_Missouri%2C_USA.jpg/262px-HPIM4308_St._Mary_Aldermanbury_Church%2C_Fulton%2C_Missouri%2C_USA.jpg" decoding="async" width="262" height="176" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/HPIM4308_St._Mary_Aldermanbury_Church%2C_Fulton%2C_Missouri%2C_USA.jpg/393px-HPIM4308_St._Mary_Aldermanbury_Church%2C_Fulton%2C_Missouri%2C_USA.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/74/HPIM4308_St._Mary_Aldermanbury_Church%2C_Fulton%2C_Missouri%2C_USA.jpg 2x" data-file-width="480" data-file-height="323" /></a><figcaption>Interior of St. Mary Aldermanbury Church</figcaption></figure> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Cornerstone" title="Cornerstone">foundation stone</a> was laid in October 1966, and by May 1967, the last stone was in place. However, the project required another two years of work to finish reconstructing the interior. English woodcarvers, working from pre-war photographs, created carvings for the <a href="/wiki/Pulpit" title="Pulpit">pulpit</a>, <a href="/wiki/Baptismal_font" title="Baptismal font">baptismal font</a>, and balcony. <a href="/wiki/Blenko_Glass_Company" title="Blenko Glass Company">Blenko Glass Company</a>, an American firm, manufactured the glass for the windows, and a Dutch firm cast five new bronze bells for the tower. <a href="/wiki/Noel_Mander" title="Noel Mander">Noel Mander</a>, the fire warden who watched St. Mary's burn in 1940, built the organ and helped assure authenticity of the interior details. There were two departures from the Wren design: an organ gallery in the west wall, and a window in the tower to illuminate the stairway.<sup id="cite_ref-Churchill,_Memorial_Exhibits_1-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Churchill,_Memorial_Exhibits-1"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>Dedication ceremonies for St. Mary's and The Winston Churchill Memorial and Library were held on May 7, 1969.<sup id="cite_ref-Havers_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Havers-6"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> During the course of the ceremonies, the <a href="/wiki/Tony_Tremlett_(bishop)" title="Tony Tremlett (bishop)">Rev. Anthony Tremlett</a>, the Bishop of Dover, England, re-<a href="/wiki/Hallow" class="mw-redirect" title="Hallow">hallowed</a> St. Mary's as a place of worship.<sup id="cite_ref-Havers_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Havers-6"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> In 1992, the <a href="/wiki/Eagle_Squadrons" title="Eagle Squadrons">Eagle Squadrons</a> Association named St. Mary's as its official chapel, and in 2009, the museum was declared “America’s National Churchill Museum” by the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Congress" title="United States Congress">United States Congress</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Winston_S._Churchill:_A_Life_of_Leadership_gallery">Winston S. Churchill: A Life of Leadership gallery</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=National_Churchill_Museum&amp;action=edit&amp;section=4" title="Edit section: Winston S. Churchill: A Life of Leadership gallery"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:St._Mary,_Aldermanbury_at_America%E2%80%99s_National_Churchill_Museum.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/St._Mary%2C_Aldermanbury_at_America%E2%80%99s_National_Churchill_Museum.jpg/385px-St._Mary%2C_Aldermanbury_at_America%E2%80%99s_National_Churchill_Museum.jpg" decoding="async" width="385" height="258" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/St._Mary%2C_Aldermanbury_at_America%E2%80%99s_National_Churchill_Museum.jpg/578px-St._Mary%2C_Aldermanbury_at_America%E2%80%99s_National_Churchill_Museum.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/St._Mary%2C_Aldermanbury_at_America%E2%80%99s_National_Churchill_Museum.jpg/770px-St._Mary%2C_Aldermanbury_at_America%E2%80%99s_National_Churchill_Museum.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3698" data-file-height="2480" /></a><figcaption>Sir Christopher Wren’s Church of St Mary, Aldermanbury at America’s National Churchill Museum on the campus of Westminster College in Fulton, Missouri.</figcaption></figure><p>The museum presents the narrative of Churchill's life. The exhibition begins with Churchill's birth and proceeds through the major events of his life, alongside an examination of the critical events of the 20th century. </p><p>One of the focal points of the gallery is the "Admiralty, Army &amp; Arsenal: 1914–1919" room. This portion of the exhibit is housed within a recreation of a World War I trench—complete with barbed wire, sandbags, and spent ammunition—that gives visitors a sense of a British soldier's experience on the <a href="/wiki/Western_Front_(World_War_I)" title="Western Front (World War I)">Western Front</a>. A periscope mounted on the trench wall gives visitors a glimpse of a real World War I battlescape from period footage. An accompanying audio track plays the sound of soldiers' conversations interspersed with distant gunfire and shell bursts. The World War I room also examines Churchill's role in the disasters of the <a href="/wiki/Dardanelles" title="Dardanelles">Dardanelles</a> and <a href="/wiki/Gallipoli_Campaign" class="mw-redirect" title="Gallipoli Campaign">Gallipoli</a> and his contributions to the technology of warfare. </p><p>Another component of the exhibition is "The Gathering Storm: 1929–1939" room which discusses Churchill's suspicion of <a href="/wiki/Adolf_Hitler" title="Adolf Hitler">Hitler</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Nazism" title="Nazism">Nazi</a> movement. In this room, five video monitors play excerpts from <a href="/wiki/Nazi_Germany" title="Nazi Germany">Nazi</a> <a href="/wiki/Propaganda" title="Propaganda">propaganda</a> films interspersed with images of the impending war. Against this backdrop, the exhibit examines Churchill's view of the Nazis and his disgust for Britain's pre-war <a href="/wiki/Appeasement" title="Appeasement">appeasement politics</a>. </p><p>Another room, "Churchill's Finest Hour: World War II, 1939–1945", portrays World War II and Churchill's role. It contains a sound and light show that replicates an air-raid on London during the "Blitz". It includes simulated rubble, the sounds of bombs detonating and air raid sirens, flashing lights that represent searchlights and anti-aircraft fire, as well as audio clips of war-time broadcasts. After the conclusion of the <i>Blitz</i> demonstration, a short film, narrated by <a href="/wiki/Walter_Cronkite" title="Walter Cronkite">Walter Cronkite</a>, examines Churchill's role as prime minister during the war. More interactive displays describe the war-time skills of <a href="/wiki/Cryptanalysis" title="Cryptanalysis">code breaking</a> and <a href="/wiki/Aircraft_spotting" title="Aircraft spotting">plane spotting</a>. </p><p>Other museum components include "The Sinews of Peace" room and the "Winston's Wit &amp; Wisdom" room. "The Sinews of Peace" tells the story of how and why Churchill came to visit Westminster College. Featured in this exhibit are the lectern and chair used by Churchill during his speech and the ceremonial robes he wore. In "Winston's Wit &amp; Wisdom" visitors sit in a simulated British club while listening to an audio presentation of Churchill stories. Visitors to this room may also search through a database of Churchill's most famous quotations and quips on a host of topics. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Breakthrough"><i>Breakthrough</i></h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=National_Churchill_Museum&amp;action=edit&amp;section=5" title="Edit section: Breakthrough"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:HPIM4293.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/HPIM4293.jpg/273px-HPIM4293.jpg" decoding="async" width="273" height="363" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/48/HPIM4293.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="361" data-file-height="480" /></a><figcaption>The Breakthrough Statue Plaque</figcaption></figure><p>On November 9, 1990, <a href="/wiki/Edwina_Sandys" title="Edwina Sandys">Edwina Sandys</a>, granddaughter of Winston Churchill, introduced her sculpture <i>Breakthrough</i> to the public at America’s National Churchill Museum. Made from eight sections of the <a href="/wiki/Berlin_Wall" title="Berlin Wall">Berlin Wall</a>, <i>Breakthrough</i> serves to commemorate the fall of the Berlin Wall, and to memorialize Churchill's "Sinews of Peace." </p><figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:HPIM4287_Berlin_wall_recreated_at_Fulton,_USA.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/HPIM4287_Berlin_wall_recreated_at_Fulton%2C_USA.jpg/272px-HPIM4287_Berlin_wall_recreated_at_Fulton%2C_USA.jpg" decoding="async" width="272" height="182" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/HPIM4287_Berlin_wall_recreated_at_Fulton%2C_USA.jpg/408px-HPIM4287_Berlin_wall_recreated_at_Fulton%2C_USA.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d3/HPIM4287_Berlin_wall_recreated_at_Fulton%2C_USA.jpg 2x" data-file-width="480" data-file-height="321" /></a><figcaption>Rebuilt section of the Berlin wall</figcaption></figure> <p>In 1990, with the support of Westminster College, Sandys and her husband, Richard Kaplan, traveled to <a href="/wiki/East_Berlin" title="East Berlin">East Berlin</a> to secure portions of the wall. Upon their arrival in Berlin, however, the couple realized the sculpture would be costly, as 4-foot (1.2&#160;m)-wide sections were selling for $60,000 to $200,000.<sup id="cite_ref-Breakthrough_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Breakthrough-7"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> However, East German officials, intrigued by the idea of erecting a Berlin Wall monument at the location of Churchill's 1946 speech, allowed Sandys to choose eight sections of the wall as a gift to Westminster College.<sup id="cite_ref-Breakthrough_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Breakthrough-7"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>Sandys chose the sections from an area near the <a href="/wiki/Brandenburg_Gate" title="Brandenburg Gate">Brandenburg Gate</a>, frequented by artists, because of the dramatic color of the graffiti. The repeated use of the word "<i>unwahr</i>" ("lies" or "untruths") within the sections also appealed to her.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Sandys modified the original sections by cutting out large male and female silhouettes from the wall—which symbolized the newly-opened communication between East and West Germany. When assembled, <i>Breakthrough</i> stood roughly 11&#160;ft (3.4&#160;m) high by 32&#160;ft (9.8&#160;m) ft long. The silhouette cut-outs are part of a second sculpture entitled <i>Breakfree,</i> located at the <a href="/wiki/Franklin_D._Roosevelt_Presidential_Library_and_Museum" title="Franklin D. Roosevelt Presidential Library and Museum">Franklin D. Roosevelt Presidential Library and Museum</a> in <a href="/wiki/Hyde_Park,_New_York" title="Hyde Park, New York">Hyde Park, New York</a>. </p><p>One year after the fall of the Berlin Wall, Sandys unveiled <i>Breakthrough</i> before a crowd of 7,000 people gathered on the campus of Westminster College. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="The_Green_Foundation_&amp;_Kemper_Lecture_Series"><span id="The_Green_Foundation_.26_Kemper_Lecture_Series"></span>The Green Foundation &amp; Kemper Lecture Series</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=National_Churchill_Museum&amp;action=edit&amp;section=6" title="Edit section: The Green Foundation &amp; Kemper Lecture Series"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Since 1937, the College has held the John Findley Green Lectures and the Crosby Kemper Lectures. Both lectures have brought politicians, business leaders, and academics to Westminster College. </p><p>The John Findley Green Foundation Lectures were established in 1936 as a memorial to John Findley Green, an attorney in St. Louis who graduated from Westminster College in 1884. The foundation provides for lectures designed to promote understanding of economic and social problems of international concern.<sup id="cite_ref-Havers_6-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Havers-6"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> The Crosby Kemper Lecture Series was established in 1979 by a grant from the <a href="/wiki/Crosby_Kemper_III" title="Crosby Kemper III">Crosby Kemper</a> Foundation of Kansas City, Missouri. This foundation provides for lectures by authorities on British History and Sir Winston Churchill at America’s National Churchill Museum.<sup id="cite_ref-Havers_6-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Havers-6"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=National_Churchill_Museum&amp;action=edit&amp;section=7" title="Edit section: Notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 33em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-Churchill,_Memorial_Exhibits-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Churchill,_Memorial_Exhibits_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Churchill,_Memorial_Exhibits_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Churchill,_Memorial_Exhibits_1-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Churchill,_Memorial_Exhibits_1-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Churchill,_Memorial_Exhibits_1-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Churchill, <i>Memorial Exhibits</i></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-DNR-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-DNR_2-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFSheila_M._Hannah1970" class="citation web cs1">Sheila M. Hannah (October 1970). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.dnr.mo.gov/shpo/nps-nr/72000708.pdf">"National Register of Historic Places Inventory Nomination Form: Winston Churchill Memorial"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. Missouri Department of Natural Resources<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2016-10-01</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=National+Register+of+Historic+Places+Inventory+Nomination+Form%3A+Winston+Churchill+Memorial&amp;rft.pub=Missouri+Department+of+Natural+Resources&amp;rft.date=1970-10&amp;rft.au=Sheila+M.+Hannah&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dnr.mo.gov%2Fshpo%2Fnps-nr%2F72000708.pdf&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANational+Churchill+Museum" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nationalchurchillmuseum.org/sinews-of-peace-history.html">"Sinews of Peace (Iron Curtain Speech)"</a>. <i>America's National Churchill Museum</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 2,</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=America%27s+National+Churchill+Museum&amp;rft.atitle=Sinews+of+Peace+%28Iron+Curtain+Speech%29&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nationalchurchillmuseum.org%2Fsinews-of-peace-history.html&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANational+Churchill+Museum" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Yorkgits-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Yorkgits_4-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Yorkgits</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=K5D4L4UOZ2Y">"Richard Burton on The Jack Paar Show"</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Havers-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Havers_6-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Havers_6-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Havers_6-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Havers_6-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Havers</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Breakthrough-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Breakthrough_7-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Breakthrough_7-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Breakthrough</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Breakthrough, 6.</span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=National_Churchill_Museum&amp;action=edit&amp;section=8" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Churchill, Winston S. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nato.int/docu/speech/1946/s460305a_e.htm">Speech: The Sinews of Peace</a>, 5 March 1946</li> <li>Havers, Rob. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.churchillmemorial.org/aboutus/welcome.html">Churchill Memorial Fulton, Missouri</a></li> <li>Vessell, Nancy. "The Defender of Democracy", <i>News Tribune</i> 3 March 1996.</li> <li>Watson, Rob. "Churchill Expected Speech to be Major Policy Statement", <i>News Tribune</i> 3 March 1996.</li> <li>Yorkgits, Lisa. "A Memorial—Stone by Stone", <i>News Tribune</i> 3 March 1996.</li> <li><i>"Breakthrough:" A Monumental Sculpture of the Berlin Wall</i> (Westminster College, 1990), 3.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=National_Churchill_Museum&amp;action=edit&amp;section=9" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output 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.navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-title{background-color:#ddf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-abovebelow{background-color:#e6e6ff}.mw-parser-output .navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Winston_Churchill" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible expanded navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Winston_Churchill" title="Template:Winston Churchill"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Winston_Churchill" title="Template talk:Winston Churchill"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Winston_Churchill" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Winston Churchill"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Winston_Churchill" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Winston_Churchill" title="Winston Churchill">Winston Churchill</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Life</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Early_life_of_Winston_Churchill" title="Early life of Winston Churchill">Early life, 1874–1904</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Winston_Churchill_in_politics,_1900%E2%80%931939" title="Winston Churchill in politics, 1900–1939">In politics, 1900–1939</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Winston_Churchill%27s_Liberal_Party_years,_1904%E2%80%931924" title="Winston Churchill&#39;s Liberal Party years, 1904–1924">Liberal Party, 1904–1924</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chancellorship_of_Winston_Churchill" title="Chancellorship of Winston Churchill">Chancellor, 1924–1929</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Winston_Churchill%27s_%22Wilderness%22_years,_1929%E2%80%931939" title="Winston Churchill&#39;s &quot;Wilderness&quot; years, 1929–1939">"Wilderness" years, 1929–1939</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Winston_Churchill_in_the_Second_World_War" title="Winston Churchill in the Second World War">World War II, 1939–1945</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Later_life_of_Winston_Churchill" title="Later life of Winston Churchill">Later life, 1945–1965</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Electoral_history_of_Winston_Churchill" title="Electoral history of Winston Churchill">Electoral history</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Winston_Churchill_as_a_painter" title="Winston Churchill as a painter">As a painter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Winston_Churchill_as_a_writer" title="Winston Churchill as a writer">As a writer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Racial_views_of_Winston_Churchill" title="Racial views of Winston Churchill">Racial views</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Winston_Churchill%27s_pets" title="Winston Churchill&#39;s pets">His pets</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Death_and_state_funeral_of_Winston_Churchill" title="Death and state funeral of Winston Churchill">Death and funeral</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Ministries</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Churchill_war_ministry" title="Churchill war ministry">Churchill war ministry, 1940–1945</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_Winston_Churchill%27s_first_premiership" title="Timeline of Winston Churchill&#39;s first premiership">timeline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Allied_World_War_II_conferences" title="List of Allied World War II conferences">conferences</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Churchill_caretaker_ministry" title="Churchill caretaker ministry">Churchill caretaker ministry, 1945</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Third_Churchill_ministry" title="Third Churchill ministry">Churchill's third ministry, 1951–1955</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Writings</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/The_Story_of_the_Malakand_Field_Force" title="The Story of the Malakand Field Force"><i>The Story of the Malakand Field Force</i> (1898)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Savrola" title="Savrola"><i>Savrola</i> (1899 novel)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_River_War" title="The River War"><i>The River War</i> (1899)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/London_to_Ladysmith_via_Pretoria" title="London to Ladysmith via Pretoria"><i>London to Ladysmith via Pretoria</i> (1900)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ian_Hamilton%27s_March" title="Ian Hamilton&#39;s March"><i>Ian Hamilton's March</i> (1900)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lord_Randolph_Churchill_(book)" title="Lord Randolph Churchill (book)"><i>Lord Randolph Churchill</i> (1906)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_World_Crisis" title="The World Crisis"><i>The World Crisis</i> (1923–1931, five volumes)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/My_Early_Life" title="My Early Life"><i>My Early Life</i> (1930)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marlborough:_His_Life_and_Times" title="Marlborough: His Life and Times"><i>Marlborough: His Life and Times</i> (1933–1938, four volumes)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Great_Contemporaries" title="Great Contemporaries"><i>Great Contemporaries</i> (1937)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arms_and_the_Covenant" title="Arms and the Covenant"><i>Arms and the Covenant</i> (1938)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Are_There_Men_on_the_Moon%3F" title="Are There Men on the Moon?">"Are There Men on the Moon?" (1942)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Second_World_War_(book_series)" title="The Second World War (book series)"><i>The Second World War</i> (1948–1953, six volumes)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/A_History_of_the_English-Speaking_Peoples" title="A History of the English-Speaking Peoples"><i>A History of the English-Speaking Peoples</i> (1956–1958, four volumes)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Speeches</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>"<a href="/wiki/A_total_and_unmitigated_defeat" title="A total and unmitigated defeat">A total and unmitigated defeat</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Blood,_toil,_tears_and_sweat" title="Blood, toil, tears and sweat">Blood, toil, tears and sweat</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Be_ye_men_of_valour" title="Be ye men of valour">Be ye men of valour</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/We_shall_fight_on_the_beaches" title="We shall fight on the beaches">We shall fight on the beaches</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/This_was_their_finest_hour" title="This was their finest hour">This was their finest hour</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Never_was_so_much_owed_by_so_many_to_so_few" title="Never was so much owed by so many to so few">Never was so much owed by so many to so few</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Iron_Curtain#Churchill_speech" title="Iron Curtain">Iron Curtain</a>"</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Legacy and<br />depictions</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bibliography_of_Winston_Churchill" title="Bibliography of Winston Churchill">Bibliography of Winston Churchill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Honours_of_Winston_Churchill" class="mw-redirect" title="Honours of Winston Churchill">Honours</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Churchill_Society" title="International Churchill Society">International Churchill Society</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Churchill_War_Rooms" title="Churchill War Rooms">Churchill War Rooms and Museum</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">National Churchill Museum</a> (Fulton, Missouri)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Churchill_College,_Cambridge" title="Churchill College, Cambridge">Churchill College, Cambridge</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Churchill_Archives_Centre" title="Churchill Archives Centre">Churchill Archives Centre</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Winston_Churchill_Memorial_Trusts" title="Winston Churchill Memorial Trusts">Memorial Trusts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Winston_Churchill_School_(disambiguation)" class="mw-redirect mw-disambig" title="Winston Churchill School (disambiguation)">Schools and higher education (various)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Winston_Churchill_Boulevard" title="Winston Churchill Boulevard">Boulevard in Mississauga, Ontario</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Monuments_and_memorials_to_Winston_Churchill" title="Category:Monuments and memorials to Winston Churchill">others</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bust_of_Winston_Churchill_(Epstein)" title="Bust of Winston Churchill (Epstein)">Epstein busts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bust_of_Winston_Churchill,_Mishkenot_Sha%27ananim" title="Bust of Winston Churchill, Mishkenot Sha&#39;ananim">Mishkenot Sha'ananim bust, Israel</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Roaring_Lion" title="The Roaring Lion">The Roaring Lion</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portrait_of_Winston_Churchill_(Sutherland)" title="Portrait of Winston Churchill (Sutherland)">Sutherland portrait</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cultural_depictions_of_Winston_Churchill" title="Cultural depictions of Winston Churchill">Cultural depictions</a></li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Churchillian_Drift" title="Churchillian Drift">Churchillian Drift</a>"</li></ul> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Statues" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Statues</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>London <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Statue_of_Winston_Churchill,_Palace_of_Westminster" title="Statue of Winston Churchill, Palace of Westminster">Palace of Westminster</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Statue_of_Winston_Churchill,_Parliament_Square" title="Statue of Winston Churchill, Parliament Square">Parliament Square</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Statue_of_Winston_Churchill,_Woodford" title="Statue of Winston Churchill, Woodford">Woodford</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Statue_of_Winston_Churchill,_Paris" title="Statue of Winston Churchill, Paris">Paris</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Statue_of_Winston_Churchill_(Toronto)" title="Statue of Winston Churchill (Toronto)">Toronto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Statue_of_Winston_Churchill_(Washington,_D.C.)" title="Statue of Winston Churchill (Washington, D.C.)">Washington, D.C.</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Blenheim_Palace" title="Blenheim Palace">Blenheim Palace</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chartwell" title="Chartwell">Chartwell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Norway_Debate" title="Norway Debate">Norway Debate</a></li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Operation_Unthinkable" title="Operation Unthinkable">Operation Unthinkable</a>"</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Winston_Churchill%27s_political_ideology" class="mw-redirect" title="Winston Churchill&#39;s political ideology">Political ideology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Sidney_Street" title="Siege of Sidney Street">Siege of Sidney Street</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St_Martin%27s_Church,_Bladon" title="St Martin&#39;s Church, Bladon">St Martin's Church, Bladon</a></li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Sword_of_Stalingrad" title="Sword of Stalingrad">Sword of Stalingrad</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Terminological_inexactitude" title="Terminological inexactitude">Terminological inexactitude</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/The_Other_Club" title="The Other Club">The Other Club</a>"</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tonypandy_riots" title="Tonypandy riots">Tonypandy riots</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1940_British_war_cabinet_crisis" title="1940 British war cabinet crisis">1940 British war cabinet crisis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bengal_famine_of_1943" title="Bengal famine of 1943">Bengal famine of 1943</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Honorary_citizenship_of_the_United_States" class="mw-redirect" title="Honorary citizenship of the United States">Honorary U.S. citizenship</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Family_of_Winston_Churchill" title="Family of Winston Churchill">Family</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Clementine_Churchill" title="Clementine Churchill">Clementine Churchill</a> (wife)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diana_Churchill" title="Diana Churchill">Diana Churchill</a> (daughter)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Randolph_Churchill" title="Randolph Churchill">Randolph Churchill</a> (son)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sarah_Churchill_(actress)" title="Sarah Churchill (actress)">Sarah Churchill</a> (daughter)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tomb_of_Marigold_Churchill" title="Tomb of Marigold Churchill">Marigold Churchill</a> (daughter)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mary_Soames" title="Mary Soames">Mary Soames</a> (daughter)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Winston_Churchill_(1940%E2%80%932010)" title="Winston Churchill (1940–2010)">Winston Churchill</a> (grandson)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lord_Randolph_Churchill" title="Lord Randolph Churchill">Lord Randolph Churchill</a> (father)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lady_Randolph_Churchill" title="Lady Randolph Churchill">Jennie Jerome, Lady Randolph Churchill</a> (mother)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jack_Churchill_(1880%E2%80%931947)" title="Jack Churchill (1880–1947)">Jack Churchill</a> (brother)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Spencer-Churchill,_7th_Duke_of_Marlborough" title="John Spencer-Churchill, 7th Duke of Marlborough">John Spencer-Churchill</a> (grandfather)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frances_Anne_Spencer-Churchill,_Duchess_of_Marlborough" title="Frances Anne Spencer-Churchill, Duchess of Marlborough">Frances Anne Spencer-Churchill</a> (grandmother)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leonard_Jerome" title="Leonard Jerome">Leonard Jerome</a> (grandfather)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" 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of Historic Places listings in Buchanan County, Missouri">Buchanan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Butler_County,_Missouri" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Butler County, Missouri">Butler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Missouri#Caldwell_County" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Missouri">Caldwell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Callaway_County,_Missouri" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Callaway County, Missouri">Callaway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Camden_County,_Missouri" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Camden County, Missouri">Camden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Cape_Girardeau_County,_Missouri" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Cape Girardeau County, Missouri">Cape Girardeau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Carroll_County,_Missouri" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Carroll County, Missouri">Carroll</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Carter_County,_Missouri" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Carter County, Missouri">Carter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Cass_County,_Missouri" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Cass County, Missouri">Cass</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Missouri#Cedar_County" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Missouri">Cedar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Chariton_County,_Missouri" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Chariton County, Missouri">Chariton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Missouri#Christian_County" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Missouri">Christian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Clark_County,_Missouri" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Clark County, Missouri">Clark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Clay_County,_Missouri" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Clay County, Missouri">Clay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Missouri#Clinton_County" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Missouri">Clinton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Cole_County,_Missouri" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Cole County, Missouri">Cole</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Cooper_County,_Missouri" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Cooper County, Missouri">Cooper</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Crawford_County,_Missouri" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Crawford County, Missouri">Crawford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Missouri#Dade_County" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Missouri">Dade</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Missouri#Dallas_County" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Missouri">Dallas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Missouri#Daviess_County" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Missouri">Daviess</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Missouri#DeKalb_County" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Missouri">DeKalb</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Dent_County,_Missouri" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Dent County, Missouri">Dent</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Missouri#Douglas_County" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Missouri">Douglas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Dunklin_County,_Missouri" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Dunklin County, Missouri">Dunklin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Franklin_County,_Missouri" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Franklin County, Missouri">Franklin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Gasconade_County,_Missouri" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Gasconade County, Missouri">Gasconade</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Missouri#Gentry_County" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Missouri">Gentry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Greene_County,_Missouri" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Greene County, Missouri">Greene</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Grundy_County,_Missouri" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Grundy County, Missouri">Grundy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Missouri#Harrison_County" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Missouri">Harrison</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Henry_County,_Missouri" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Henry County, Missouri">Henry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Missouri#Hickory_County" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Missouri">Hickory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Missouri#Holt_County" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Missouri">Holt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Howard_County,_Missouri" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Howard County, Missouri">Howard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Howell_County,_Missouri" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Howell County, Missouri">Howell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Iron_County,_Missouri" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Iron County, Missouri">Iron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Jackson_County,_Missouri:_Downtown_Kansas_City" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Jackson County, Missouri: Downtown Kansas City">Jackson: Downtown Kansas City</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Jackson_County,_Missouri:_Kansas_City_other" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Jackson County, Missouri: Kansas City other">Jackson: Kansas City other</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Jackson_County,_Missouri" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Jackson County, Missouri">Jackson: Other</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Jasper_County,_Missouri" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Jasper County, Missouri">Jasper</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Jefferson_County,_Missouri" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Jefferson County, Missouri">Jefferson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Johnson_County,_Missouri" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Johnson County, Missouri">Johnson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Missouri#Knox_County" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Missouri">Knox</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Laclede_County,_Missouri" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Laclede County, Missouri">Laclede</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Lafayette_County,_Missouri" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Lafayette County, Missouri">Lafayette</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Missouri#Lawrence_County" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Missouri">Lawrence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Lewis_County,_Missouri" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Lewis County, Missouri">Lewis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Lincoln_County,_Missouri" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Lincoln County, Missouri">Lincoln</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Linn_County,_Missouri" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Linn County, Missouri">Linn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Missouri#Livingston_County" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Missouri">Livingston</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Macon_County,_Missouri" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Macon County, Missouri">Macon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Madison_County,_Missouri" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Madison County, Missouri">Madison</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Missouri#Maries_County" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Missouri">Maries</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Marion_County,_Missouri" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Marion County, Missouri">Marion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Missouri#McDonald_County" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Missouri">McDonald</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Missouri#Mercer_County" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Missouri">Mercer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Miller_County,_Missouri" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Miller County, Missouri">Miller</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Mississippi_County,_Missouri" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Mississippi County, Missouri">Mississippi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Moniteau_County,_Missouri" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Moniteau County, Missouri">Moniteau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Monroe_County,_Missouri" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Monroe County, Missouri">Monroe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Montgomery_County,_Missouri" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Montgomery County, Missouri">Montgomery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Missouri#Morgan_County" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Missouri">Morgan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_New_Madrid_County,_Missouri" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in New Madrid County, Missouri">New Madrid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Newton_County,_Missouri" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Newton County, Missouri">Newton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Nodaway_County,_Missouri" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Nodaway County, Missouri">Nodaway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Missouri#Oregon_County" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Missouri">Oregon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Osage_County,_Missouri" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Osage County, Missouri">Osage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Missouri#Ozark_County" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Missouri">Ozark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Pemiscot_County,_Missouri" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Pemiscot County, Missouri">Pemiscot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Perry_County,_Missouri" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Perry County, Missouri">Perry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Pettis_County,_Missouri" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Pettis County, Missouri">Pettis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Phelps_County,_Missouri" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Phelps County, Missouri">Phelps</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Pike_County,_Missouri" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Pike County, Missouri">Pike</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Platte_County,_Missouri" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Platte County, Missouri">Platte</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Missouri#Polk_County" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Missouri">Polk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Pulaski_County,_Missouri" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Pulaski County, Missouri">Pulaski</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Missouri#Putnam_County" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Missouri">Putnam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Ralls_County,_Missouri" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Ralls County, Missouri">Ralls</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Missouri#Randolph_County" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Missouri">Randolph</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Ray_County,_Missouri" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Ray County, Missouri">Ray</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Missouri#Reynolds_County" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Missouri">Reynolds</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Ripley_County,_Missouri" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Ripley County, Missouri">Ripley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_St._Charles_County,_Missouri" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in St. Charles County, Missouri">St. Charles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Missouri#St._Clair_County" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Missouri">St. Clair</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_St._Francois_County,_Missouri" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in St. Francois County, Missouri">St. Francois</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Downtown_and_Downtown_West_St._Louis" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Downtown and Downtown West St. Louis">St. Louis (city): Downtown and Downtown West</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_St._Louis_north_and_west_of_downtown" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in St. Louis north and west of downtown">St. Louis (city): Northwest</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_St._Louis_south_and_west_of_downtown" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in St. Louis south and west of downtown">St. Louis (city): Southwest</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_St._Louis_County,_Missouri" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in St. Louis County, Missouri">St. Louis County</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Ste._Genevieve_County,_Missouri" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Ste. Genevieve County, Missouri">Ste. Genevieve</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Saline_County,_Missouri" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Saline County, Missouri">Saline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Missouri#Schuyler_County" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Missouri">Schuyler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Missouri#Scotland_County" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Missouri">Scotland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Scott_County,_Missouri" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Scott County, Missouri">Scott</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Shannon_County,_Missouri" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Shannon County, Missouri">Shannon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Missouri#Shelby_County" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Missouri">Shelby</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Missouri#Stoddard_County" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Missouri">Stoddard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Missouri#Stone_County" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Missouri">Stone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Sullivan_County,_Missouri" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Sullivan County, Missouri">Sullivan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Taney_County,_Missouri" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Taney County, Missouri">Taney</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Texas_County,_Missouri" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Texas County, Missouri">Texas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Vernon_County,_Missouri" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Vernon County, Missouri">Vernon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Warren_County,_Missouri" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Warren County, Missouri">Warren</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Washington_County,_Missouri" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Washington County, Missouri">Washington</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Missouri#Wayne_County" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Missouri">Wayne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Missouri#Webster_County" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Missouri">Webster</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Missouri#Worth_County" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Missouri">Worth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Wright_County,_Missouri" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Wright County, Missouri">Wright</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="2" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/Logo_of_the_United_States_National_Park_Service.svg/50px-Logo_of_the_United_States_National_Park_Service.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="65" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/Logo_of_the_United_States_National_Park_Service.svg/75px-Logo_of_the_United_States_National_Park_Service.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/Logo_of_the_United_States_National_Park_Service.svg/100px-Logo_of_the_United_States_National_Park_Service.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="553" data-file-height="720" /></span></span><br /><br /><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Map_of_USA_MO.svg/100px-Map_of_USA_MO.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="65" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Map_of_USA_MO.svg/151px-Map_of_USA_MO.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Map_of_USA_MO.svg/200px-Map_of_USA_MO.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="286" data-file-height="186" /></span></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#A8EDEF;color:black">Other lists</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_bridges_on_the_National_Register_of_Historic_Places_in_Missouri" title="List of bridges on the National Register of Historic Places in Missouri">Bridges</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_National_Historic_Landmarks_in_Missouri" title="List of National Historic Landmarks in Missouri">National Historic Landmarks</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow hlist" colspan="3" style="background-color:#A8EDEF;color:black"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Keeper_of_the_Register" title="Keeper of the Register">Keeper of the Register</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_National_Register_of_Historic_Places" title="History of the National Register of Historic Places">History of the National Register of Historic Places</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_property_types" title="National Register of Historic Places property types">Property types</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Historic_districts_in_the_United_States" title="Historic districts in the United States">Historic district</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Contributing_property" title="Contributing property">Contributing property</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <!-- NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.eqiad.main‐5dc468848‐h67qk Cached time: 20241123101041 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1, show‐toc] CPU time usage: 0.444 seconds Real time usage: 0.811 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 2625/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 94037/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 6190/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 18/100 Expensive parser function count: 2/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 1/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 35813/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.271/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 7260710/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 1/400 --> <!-- Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 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