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M. Al-Nasrawi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Uday%20A.%20Al-Hamdany"> Uday A. Al-Hamdany</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sarah%20M.%20Hamylton"> Sarah M. Hamylton</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Brian%20G.%20Jones"> Brian G. Jones</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yasir%20M.%20Alyazichi"> Yasir M. Alyazichi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Surface elevation dynamics have always responded to disturbance regimes. Creating Digital Elevation Models (DEMs) to detect surface dynamics has led to the development of several methods, devices and data clouds. DEMs can provide accurate and quick results with cost efficiency, in comparison to the inherited geomatics survey techniques. Nowadays, remote sensing datasets have become a primary source to create DEMs, including LiDAR point clouds with GIS analytic tools. However, these data need to be tested for error detection and correction. This paper evaluates various DEMs from different data sources over time for Apple Orchard Island, a coastal site in southeastern Australia, in order to detect surface dynamics. Subsequently, 30 chosen locations were examined in the field to test the error of the DEMs surface detection using high resolution <em>global positioning systems</em> (GPSs). Results show significant surface elevation changes on Apple Orchard Island. Accretion occurred on most of the island while surface elevation loss due to erosion is limited to the northern and southern parts. Concurrently, the projected differential correction and validation method aimed to identify errors in the dataset. The resultant DEMs demonstrated a small error ratio (≤ 3%) from the gathered datasets when compared with the fieldwork survey using RTK-GPS. As modern modelling approaches need to become more effective and accurate, applying several tools to create different DEMs on a multi-temporal scale would allow easy predictions in time-cost-frames with more comprehensive coverage and greater accuracy. With a DEM technique for the eco-geomorphic context, such insights about the ecosystem dynamic detection, at such a coastal intertidal system, would be valuable to assess the accuracy of the predicted eco-geomorphic risk for the conservation management sustainability. Demonstrating this framework to evaluate the historical and current anthropogenic and environmental stressors on coastal surface elevation dynamism could be profitably applied worldwide. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=DEMs" title="DEMs">DEMs</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=eco-geomorphic-dynamic%20processes" title=" eco-geomorphic-dynamic processes"> eco-geomorphic-dynamic processes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=geospatial%20Information%20Science" title=" geospatial Information Science"> geospatial Information Science</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=remote%20sensing" title=" remote sensing"> remote sensing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=surface%20elevation%20changes" title=" surface elevation changes"> surface elevation changes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=" title=""></a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/59124/surface-elevation-dynamics-assessment-using-digital-elevation-models-light-detection-and-ranging-gps-and-geospatial-information-science-analysis-ecosystem-modelling-approach" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/59124.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">270</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4</span> Application of a Porphyridium cruentum Exopolysaccharide as a Hyaluronic Acid-like Cosmetic Active Ingredient</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=F.%20Havas">F. Havas</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Cohen"> M. Cohen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20Krispin"> S. Krispin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=J.%20Attia-Vigneau"> J. Attia-Vigneau</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The work presented here demonstrates the Hyaluronic-acid like biological properties of an exopolysaccharide produced by Porphyridium cruentum, in the context of skin cosmetic applications. Red microalga Porphyridium cruentum has emerged as a promising candidate for biotechnological applications due to its unique biochemical profile and robust growth characteristics. In particular, this species is interesting for the sulfated exopolysaccharide (EPS) which produces as a key component of the defense mechanisms through which this alga can survive in the challenging intertidal and spray zone, without even a cell wall of its own. This EPS contains ca. 10% glucuronic acid, has a degree of sulfation of ca. 7%, and exists in a very wide range of molecular weights (140-6000 kDa). Found in the skin's extracellular matrix, the vital polysaccharide Hyaluronic acid (HA) plays important roles in tissue hydration, elasticity, and skin plumpness (volume). But with aging, HA production decreases, and the HA still produced can bear structural flaws and diminished functionality – reducing the skin’s moisture retention capacity and firmness, and increasing wrinkles and other signs of aging. HA is commonly used as an anti-aging active, via injections or topically. While the former are costly, uncomfortable, and can have undesirable side effects, the latter is not always sufficiently effective. Porphyridium cruentum was cultivated outdoors in natural sunlight, in the Northern Negev desert of Israel, using vertical flexible sleeve reactors. The EPS was separated from the culture medium by crossflow ultrafiltration, generating a viscous gel containing ca. 1% of dry EPS. This gel was in turn incorporated at 1% in a simple model cream formulation, which was tested in a 28-day double-blind clinical trial on a population of habitual HA users, alongside two controls: a placebo, and a benchmark containing a combination of two different HA molecular weight ranges. The EPS delivered significant HA-like skin benefits in terms of plumpness, hydration, and radiance, and reduced signs of aging (wrinkles, skin roughness, and visible spots). Many of these effects were significant when assessed after as little as 1h and/or 24h (i.e. following a single application). Tellingly, the EPS generally equaled or exceeded the HA benchmark. In vitro, this EPS also significantly increased procollagen I production in normal human dermal fibroblasts. These results demonstrate this EPS’s meaningful and swift HA-like biological activity, thereby indicating its potential for applications in cosmetic formulations, as a safe, natural, and arguably more powerful HA-like alternative. Combined with the relative ease of its cultivation, this contributes to Porphyridium cruentum’s increasing attractiveness for applications in cosmetics, nutraceuticals, and pharmaceutical industries. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cosmetics" title="cosmetics">cosmetics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=exopolysaccharide" title=" exopolysaccharide"> exopolysaccharide</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hyaluronic%20acid" title=" hyaluronic acid"> hyaluronic acid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=microalga" title=" microalga"> microalga</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=porphyridium" title=" porphyridium"> porphyridium</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/198110/application-of-a-porphyridium-cruentum-exopolysaccharide-as-a-hyaluronic-acid-like-cosmetic-active-ingredient" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/198110.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">12</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3</span> Distribution and Ecological Risk Assessment of Trace Elements in Sediments along the Ganges River Estuary, India</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Priyanka%20Mondal">Priyanka Mondal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Santosh%20K.%20Sarkar"> Santosh K. Sarkar</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The present study investigated the spatiotemporal distribution and ecological risk assessment of trace elements of surface sediments (top 0 - 5 cm; grain size ≤ 0.63 µm) in relevance to sediment quality characteristics along the Ganges River Estuary, India. Sediment samples were collected during ebb tide from intertidal regions covering seven sampling sites of diverse environmental stresses. The elements were analyzed with the help of ICPAES. This positive, mixohaline, macro-tidal estuary has global significance contributing ecological and economic services. Presence of fine-clayey particle (47.03%) enhances the adsorption as well as transportation of trace elements. There is a remarkable inter-metallic variation (mg kg-1 dry weight) in the distribution pattern in the following manner: Al (31801± 15943) > Fe (23337± 7584) > Mn (461±147) > S(381±235) > Zn(54 ±18) > V(43 ±14) > Cr(39 ±15) > As (34±15) > Cu(27 ±11) > Ni (24 ±9) > Se (17 ±8) > Co(11 ±3) > Mo(10 ± 2) > Hg(0.02 ±0.01). An overall trend of enrichment of majority of trace elements was very much pronounced at the site Lot 8, ~ 35km upstream of the estuarine mouth. In contrast, the minimum concentration was recorded at site Gangasagar, mouth of the estuary, with high energy profile. The prevalent variations in trace element distribution are being liable for a set of cumulative factors such as hydrodynamic conditions, sediment dispersion pattern and textural variations as well as non-homogenous input of contaminants from point and non-point sources. In order to gain insight into the trace elements distribution, accumulation, and their pollution status, geoaccumulation index (Igeo) and enrichment factor (EF) were used. The Igeo indicated that surface sediments were moderately polluted with As (0.60) and Mo (1.30) and strongly contaminated with Se (4.0). The EF indicated severe pollution of Se (53.82) and significant pollution of As (4.05) and Mo (6.0) and indicated the influx of As, Mo and Se in sediments from anthropogenic sources (such as industrial and municipal sewage, atmospheric deposition, agricultural run-off, etc.). The significant role of the megacity Calcutta in relevance to the untreated sewage discharge, atmospheric inputs and other anthropogenic activities is worthwhile to mention. The ecological risk for different trace elements was evaluated using sediment quality guidelines, effects range low (ERL), and effect range median (ERM). The concentration of As, Cu and Ni at 100%, 43% and 86% of the sampling sites has exceeded the ERL value while none of the element concentration exceeded ERM. The potential ecological risk index values revealed that As at 14.3% of the sampling sites would pose relatively moderate risk to benthic organisms. The effective role of finer clay particles for trace element distribution was revealed by multivariate analysis. The authors strongly recommend regular monitoring emphasizing on accurate appraisal of the potential risk of trace elements for effective and sustainable management of this estuarine environment. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pollution%20assessment" title="pollution assessment">pollution assessment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sediment%20contamination" title=" sediment contamination"> sediment contamination</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sediment%20quality" title=" sediment quality"> sediment quality</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=trace%20elements" title=" trace elements"> trace elements</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/55937/distribution-and-ecological-risk-assessment-of-trace-elements-in-sediments-along-the-ganges-river-estuary-india" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/55937.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">263</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2</span> Reservoir Heterogeneity of the Early Cretaceous Yamama Carbonate Formation: Impact of Depositional Facies and Diagenetic Processes in Southern Iraq</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abbas%20Mohammed">Abbas Mohammed</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Felicit%C3%A1sz%20Velledits"> Felicitász Velledits</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Evaluating carbonate rocks is crucial for the petroleum industry as they often serve as major hydrocarbon reservoirs, where understanding their depositional and diagenetic characteristics directly influences exploration, production, and field development plans. The Early Cretaceous Yamama carbonates Formation in southern Iraq exhibits significant reservoir but heterogeneous. Detailed sedimentological investigations of drill cores and well logs have identified 14 distinct facies/microfacies within both reservoir and non-reservoir units, deposited in a shallow carbonate ramp setting. The grain-supported facies such as intertidal peloidal oncoidal grain/rudstones, backshoal pelletal pack/grainstones, shoal ooidal-peloidal grainstones, cortoidal-peloidal grainstones, in addition to the Lithocodium-Bacinella float/boundstones, and the reefal skeletal rudstones facies display favorable reservoir properties due to preserved interparticle porosity (reaches 25%) at depths greater than 4000 m. This preservation is attributed to early diagenetic circumgranular calcite cementation and limited scattered equant and syntaxial calcite overgrowths, which protected the grains from physical compaction. In contrast, mud-supported facies such as lagoonal skeletal mud/wackestones, skeletal cortoids wacke/packstones, skeletal dasyclads wacke/packstone, middle-ramp miliolidal pack/grainstone, bioturbated dolomitic wackestones, skeletal foraminiferal mud/wackestones, and outer-ramp spiculitic skeletal mud/wackestones exhibit reduced reservoir quality due to a combination of their fine-grain texture, physical and chemical compaction, and substantial amounts of equant calcite cement. This cement fills interparticle and moldic pores, and significantly reducing porosity and permeability in these facies. Reservoir heterogeneity of the formation is attributed to depositional facies, which control the texture of the sediments, and various types of diagenetic alterations. Particular attention to be directed toward the Lithocodium-Bacinella facies deposited as build-ups and the shoal barrier grain-supported facies. These findings underscore the importance of adapting exploration and development strategies to specific facies distributions and diagenetic pathways to mitigate heterogeneity risks. While potential limitations include the extrapolation of core and well log data to field-scale reservoir modeling and the challenge of investigating diagenetic variations at finer scales, the study provides a valuable framework for integrating facies and diagenetic analysis into hydrocarbon exploration workflows. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=depositional%20facies" title="depositional facies">depositional facies</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=grain-supported%20limestones" title=" grain-supported limestones"> grain-supported limestones</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=lithocoduim-bacinella" title=" lithocoduim-bacinella"> lithocoduim-bacinella</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=reservoir%20heterogeneity" title=" reservoir heterogeneity"> reservoir heterogeneity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=yamama%20formation" title=" yamama formation"> yamama formation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/196806/reservoir-heterogeneity-of-the-early-cretaceous-yamama-carbonate-formation-impact-of-depositional-facies-and-diagenetic-processes-in-southern-iraq" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/196806.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">16</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1</span> Water Monitoring Sentinel Cloud Platform: Water Monitoring Platform Based on Satellite Imagery and Modeling Data</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Alberto%20Azevedo">Alberto Azevedo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ricardo%20Martins"> Ricardo Martins</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Andr%C3%A9%20B.%20Fortunato"> André B. Fortunato</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Anabela%20Oliveira"> Anabela Oliveira</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Water is under severe threat today because of the rising population, increased agricultural and industrial needs, and the intensifying effects of climate change. Due to sea-level rise, erosion, and demographic pressure, the coastal regions are of significant concern to the scientific community. The Water Monitoring Sentinel Cloud platform (WORSICA) service is focused on providing new tools for monitoring water in coastal and inland areas, taking advantage of remote sensing, in situ and tidal modeling data. WORSICA is a service that can be used to determine the coastline, coastal inundation areas, and the limits of inland water bodies using remote sensing (satellite and Unmanned Aerial Vehicles - UAVs) and in situ data (from field surveys). It applies to various purposes, from determining flooded areas (from rainfall, storms, hurricanes, or tsunamis) to detecting large water leaks in major water distribution networks. This service was built on components developed in national and European projects, integrated to provide a one-stop-shop service for remote sensing information, integrating data from the Copernicus satellite and drone/unmanned aerial vehicles, validated by existing online in-situ data. Since WORSICA is operational using the European Open Science Cloud (EOSC) computational infrastructures, the service can be accessed via a web browser and is freely available to all European public research groups without additional costs. In addition, the private sector will be able to use the service, but some usage costs may be applied, depending on the type of computational resources needed by each application/user. Although the service has three main sub-services i) coastline detection; ii) inland water detection; iii) water leak detection in irrigation networks, in the present study, an application of the service to Óbidos lagoon in Portugal is shown, where the user can monitor the evolution of the lagoon inlet and estimate the topography of the intertidal areas without any additional costs. The service has several distinct methodologies implemented based on the computations of the water indexes (e.g., NDWI, MNDWI, AWEI, and AWEIsh) retrieved from the satellite image processing. In conjunction with the tidal data obtained from the FES model, the system can estimate a coastline with the corresponding level or even topography of the inter-tidal areas based on the Flood2Topo methodology. The outcomes of the WORSICA service can be helpful for several intervention areas such as i) emergency by providing fast access to inundated areas to support emergency rescue operations; ii) support of management decisions on hydraulic infrastructures operation to minimize damage downstream; iii) climate change mitigation by minimizing water losses and reduce water mains operation costs; iv) early detection of water leakages in difficult-to-access water irrigation networks, promoting their fast repair. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=remote%20sensing" title="remote sensing">remote sensing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=coastline%20detection" title=" coastline detection"> coastline detection</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=water%20detection" title=" water detection"> water detection</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=satellite%20data" title=" satellite data"> satellite data</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sentinel" title=" sentinel"> sentinel</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Copernicus" title=" Copernicus"> Copernicus</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=EOSC" title=" EOSC"> EOSC</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/148983/water-monitoring-sentinel-cloud-platform-water-monitoring-platform-based-on-satellite-imagery-and-modeling-data" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/148983.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">132</span> </span> </div> </div> <ul class="pagination"> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" 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