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href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%C3%BCnchener_Secession" title="Münchener Secession – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Münchener Secession" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Secesi%C3%B3n_de_M%C3%BAnich" title="Secesión de Múnich – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Secesión de Múnich" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%AC%D9%85%D9%86_%D8%AC%D8%AF%D8%A7%DB%8C%DB%8C_%D9%85%D9%88%D9%86%DB%8C%D8%AE" title="انجمن جدایی مونیخ – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="انجمن جدایی مونیخ" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C3%A9cession_de_Munich" title="Sécession de Munich – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Sécession de Munich" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Secessione_di_Monaco" title="Secessione di Monaco – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Secessione di Monaco" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%94%D7%96%D7%A6%D7%A1%D7%99%D7%95%D7%9F_%D7%91%D7%9E%D7%99%D7%A0%D7%9B%D7%9F" title="הזצסיון במינכן – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="הזצסיון במינכן" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%9F%E3%83%A5%E3%83%B3%E3%83%98%E3%83%B3%E5%88%86%E9%9B%A2%E6%B4%BE" title="ミュンヘン分離派 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ミュンヘン分離派" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Secesja_Monachijska" title="Secesja Monachijska – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Secesja Monachijska" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Secess%C3%A3o_de_Munique" title="Secessão de 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Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.<br /><small><span class="plainlinks"><i>Find sources:</i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?as_eq=wikipedia&q=%22Munich+Secession%22">"Munich Secession"</a> – <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbm=nws&q=%22Munich+Secession%22+-wikipedia&tbs=ar:1">news</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?&q=%22Munich+Secession%22&tbs=bkt:s&tbm=bks">newspapers</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbs=bks:1&q=%22Munich+Secession%22+-wikipedia">books</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%22Munich+Secession%22">scholar</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/action/doBasicSearch?Query=%22Munich+Secession%22&acc=on&wc=on">JSTOR</a></span></small></span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">April 2014</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vevent"><caption class="infobox-title summary">Munich Secession</caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Internationale_Kunstausstellung_Muenchen_1897.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/Internationale_Kunstausstellung_Muenchen_1897.jpg/220px-Internationale_Kunstausstellung_Muenchen_1897.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/Internationale_Kunstausstellung_Muenchen_1897.jpg/330px-Internationale_Kunstausstellung_Muenchen_1897.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/Internationale_Kunstausstellung_Muenchen_1897.jpg/440px-Internationale_Kunstausstellung_Muenchen_1897.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3454" data-file-height="2357" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">Poster by Franz von Stuck for the Seventh International Art Exhibition in Munich, 1897.</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Years active</th><td class="infobox-data">1892-1938 and 1946-present</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Location</th><td class="infobox-data">Germany</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Major figures</th><td class="infobox-data">Key figures in the movement included Bernhard Buttersack, Ludwig Dill, Bruno Piglhein, Ludwig von Herterich, Paul Hoecker, Albert von Keller, Gotthardt Kuehl, Hugo von Habermann, Robert Poetzelberger, Franz von Stuck, Fritz von Uhde and Heinrich von Zügel.</td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The <b>Munich Secession</b> (<a href="/wiki/German_language" title="German language">German</a> Münchener Secession) was an association of visual artists who broke away from the mainstream Munich Artists' Association in 1892, to promote and defend their art in the face of what they considered official paternalism and its conservative policies. They acted as a form of <a href="/wiki/Cooperative" title="Cooperative">cooperative</a>, using their influence to assure their economic survival and obtain commissions. In 1901, the association split again when some dissatisfied members formed the group <a href="/wiki/Phalanx_(art_group)" title="Phalanx (art group)">Phalanx</a>. Another split occurred in 1913, with the founding of the New Munich Secession. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Background">Background</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Munich_Secession&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Background"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Franz_von_Lenbach.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Franz_von_Lenbach.jpg/150px-Franz_von_Lenbach.jpg" decoding="async" width="150" height="208" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Franz_von_Lenbach.jpg/225px-Franz_von_Lenbach.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Franz_von_Lenbach.jpg/300px-Franz_von_Lenbach.jpg 2x" data-file-width="815" data-file-height="1129" /></a><figcaption>Franz von Lenbach, the "Prince of Painters". From <i><a href="/wiki/Die_Gartenlaube" title="Die Gartenlaube">Die Gartenlaube</a></i>, c. 1900</figcaption></figure> <p>By the end of the nineteenth century, more artists lived in Munich than lived in Vienna and Berlin put together. However, the art community there was dominated by the conservative attitudes of the Munich Artists' Association and its supporters in the government. These attitudes found expression in the official "mission statements", written by the so-called "Prince of Painters" (<i>Malerfürst</i>) <a href="/wiki/Franz_von_Lenbach" title="Franz von Lenbach">Franz von Lenbach</a>. Matters came to a head in 1891 when the Prince-Regent <a href="/wiki/Luitpold,_Prince_Regent_of_Bavaria" title="Luitpold, Prince Regent of Bavaria">Luitpold of Bavaria</a> founded the Prinzregent-Luitpold-Stiftung zur Förderung der Kunst, des Kunstgewerbes und des Handwerks in München, an art foundation devoted to promoting traditional <a href="/wiki/History_painting" title="History painting">history painting</a> in the service of the state. This foundation created and maintained a high level of artistic quality and brought world attention to the <a href="/wiki/Academy_of_Fine_Arts,_Munich" title="Academy of Fine Arts, Munich">Academy of Fine Arts</a>, but was firmly opposed to <a href="/wiki/Impressionism" title="Impressionism">impressionism</a>, <a href="/wiki/Expressionism" title="Expressionism">expressionism</a>, <a href="/wiki/Symbolism_(arts)" class="mw-redirect" title="Symbolism (arts)">symbolism</a> and other contemporary trends in the art world. </p><p>Another factor was the complete financial failure of an exhibition in 1888 at the <a href="/wiki/Glaspalast_(Munich)" title="Glaspalast (Munich)">Glaspalast</a>, organized by the Artists' Association. This led to a bitter debate about responsibility and the exhibition's content which grew so furious, it attracted the attention of the Ministry of State for Science and Art.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>To address this situation, a group of artists with a progressive outlook gathered together in 1892, announced their separation from the official Artists' Association and established the Munich Secession, with an eye toward exhibiting at the upcoming <a href="/wiki/World%27s_Columbian_Exposition" title="World's Columbian Exposition">World's Columbian Exposition</a>. They called for a transformation in the ideas of what constitutes art and promoted the idea of an artists' freedom to present works directly to the public. </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1244412712">.mw-parser-output .templatequote{overflow:hidden;margin:1em 0;padding:0 32px}.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{line-height:1.5em;text-align:left;margin-top:0}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{padding-left:1.6em}}</style><blockquote class="templatequote"><p><i>Man soll auf unseren Ausstellungen Kunst sehen und jedes Talent, ob älterer oder neuerer Richtung, dessen Werke München zur Ehre gereichen, soll seine Blüte reich entfalten können.</i> (One should see, in our exhibitions, every form of art, whether old or new, which will redound to the glory of Munich, whose art will be allowed to develop to its full flowering.)</p></blockquote> <p>In this statement of principles, the artists declared their intentions to move away from outmoded principles and a conservative conception of what art is.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Foundation">Foundation</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Munich_Secession&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Foundation"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Bruno-piglhein.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/Bruno-piglhein.jpg/150px-Bruno-piglhein.jpg" decoding="async" width="150" height="207" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/Bruno-piglhein.jpg/225px-Bruno-piglhein.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/Bruno-piglhein.jpg/300px-Bruno-piglhein.jpg 2x" data-file-width="304" data-file-height="419" /></a><figcaption>Bruno Piglhein, first president of the Munich Secession</figcaption></figure> <p>On 4 April 1892, ninety-six artists who had resigned from the official association, established the Association of Visual Artists of Munich. <a href="/wiki/Bruno_Piglhein" title="Bruno Piglhein">Bruno Piglhein</a> was elected the first president and <a href="/wiki/Paul_Hoecker" title="Paul Hoecker">Paul Hoecker</a> became the first secretary. In a few months the original name gave way to the more popular name: Munich Secession. </p><p>Financial support initially came from three sources: <a href="/wiki/Georg_Hirth" title="Georg Hirth">Georg Hirth</a>, a writer and journalist who coined the word "secession" to describe the spirit of the various art movements at that time. In 1896, he would establish the <a href="/wiki/Art-Nouveau" class="mw-redirect" title="Art-Nouveau">Art-Nouveau</a> magazine <i><a href="/wiki/Jugend_(magazine)" title="Jugend (magazine)">Jugend</a></i>; <a href="/wiki/Georg_von_Vollmar" title="Georg von Vollmar">Georg von Vollmar</a>, editor of the <a href="/wiki/Democratic_socialism" title="Democratic socialism">Democratic Socialist</a> party's official organ; and <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hans_Veit_zu_Toerring-Jettenbach&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hans Veit zu Toerring-Jettenbach (page does not exist)">Hans Veit zu Toerring-Jettenbach</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hans_Veit_zu_Toerring-Jettenbach" class="extiw" title="de:Hans Veit zu Toerring-Jettenbach">de</a>]</span>, a member of the liberal opposition to the government's policies. </p><p>That same year saw the creation of another breakaway association, the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Luitpold-Gruppe&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Luitpold-Gruppe (page does not exist)">Luitpold-Gruppe</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Luitpold-Gruppe" class="extiw" title="de:Luitpold-Gruppe">de</a>]</span>, composed of more moderate artists who wanted to maintain the high-quality standards of the academy. The <a href="/wiki/Vienna_Secession" title="Vienna Secession">Vienna Secession</a> followed five years later, and the <a href="/wiki/Berlin_Secession" title="Berlin Secession">Berlin Secession</a> was established in 1898. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Exhibitions">Exhibitions</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Munich_Secession&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Exhibitions"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Ausstellungspalast,_Berlin_1885.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Ausstellungspalast%2C_Berlin_1885.jpg/200px-Ausstellungspalast%2C_Berlin_1885.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="125" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Ausstellungspalast%2C_Berlin_1885.jpg/300px-Ausstellungspalast%2C_Berlin_1885.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Ausstellungspalast%2C_Berlin_1885.jpg/400px-Ausstellungspalast%2C_Berlin_1885.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4502" data-file-height="2818" /></a><figcaption>The National Exhibition Building (ULAP), <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 1885</span></figcaption></figure> <p>At first, the secession had some difficulty finding a building for their exhibitions. The city of Frankfurt offered to provide the necessary space and 500,000 <a href="/wiki/German_gold_mark" class="mw-redirect" title="German gold mark">gold marks</a>, if the group would move there permanently.<sup id="cite_ref-Helmut_Kästl_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Helmut_Kästl-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Their first exhibition actually took place at Berlin's National Exhibition Building (now known as <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Universum_Landes-Ausstellungs-Park&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Universum Landes-Ausstellungs-Park (page does not exist)">ULAP</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/ULAP" class="extiw" title="de:ULAP">de</a>]</span></i>) early in 1893. </p><p>Baurat (city construction supervisor) Franz von Brandl provided the secession with some free land at the corner of <a href="/wiki/Prinzregentenstra%C3%9Fe_(Munich)" title="Prinzregentenstraße (Munich)">Prinzregentenstraße</a> and Pilotystraße. Construction began immediately and their debut exhibition took place on 16 July 1893, in the first portion of the building to be completed. Over 4,000 visitors came to see 876 works by 297 artists. </p><p>The success of this effort eventually allowed them to come to an agreement with Franz von Lenbach and the Artists' Association. As a result, the art exhibition building on the <a href="/wiki/K%C3%B6nigsplatz,_Munich" title="Königsplatz, Munich">Königsplatz</a> (now the <a href="/wiki/Staatliche_Antikensammlungen" title="Staatliche Antikensammlungen">Staatliche Antikensammlungen</a>) was transferred to the secession in 1897. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Later_history">Later history</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Munich_Secession&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Later history"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 1933, the <a href="/wiki/National_Socialist" class="mw-redirect" title="National Socialist">National Socialist</a> party began their crusade to bring all forms of artistic expression under their control: a process known as <i><a href="/wiki/Gleichschaltung" title="Gleichschaltung">Gleichschaltung</a></i> (bringing into line). Artists were eventually required to obtain state endorsement for all of their works. Those who were considered "<a href="/wiki/Degenerate_art" title="Degenerate art">degenerate</a>" were not allowed to paint.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1938, the Munich Secession was dissolved as part of the <i>Kulturellen Säuberung</i> (<a href="/wiki/Cultural_cleansing" class="mw-redirect" title="Cultural cleansing">cultural cleansing</a>) process. </p><p>Following the end of World War II in 1946, the <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Neue_Gruppe&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Neue Gruppe (page does not exist)">Neue Gruppe</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neue_Gruppe" class="extiw" title="de:Neue Gruppe">de</a>]</span></i> and the <i>Neue Münchner Künstlergenossenschaft</i> (New Munich Artists' Association) were founded and led to the establishment of the <i>Bundesverband Bildender Künstlerinnen und Künstler</i> (Federal Association of Visual Artists). </p><p>In 1992, the secession celebrated its centennial and, in March of the following year, the Society of Friends and Sponsors of the Munich Secession was created to support the secession's continuing goals, maintain the Secessionsgalerie and promote exhibitions. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Founding_members_of_the_secession's_board"><span id="Founding_members_of_the_secession.27s_board"></span>Founding members of the secession's board</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Munich_Secession&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Founding members of the secession's board"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1184024115">.mw-parser-output .div-col{margin-top:0.3em;column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .div-col-small{font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .div-col-rules{column-rule:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .div-col dl,.mw-parser-output .div-col ol,.mw-parser-output .div-col ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .div-col li,.mw-parser-output .div-col dd{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}</style><div class="div-col"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bernhard_Buttersack" title="Bernhard Buttersack">Bernhard Buttersack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ludwig_Dill" title="Ludwig Dill">Ludwig Dill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bruno_Piglhein" title="Bruno Piglhein">Bruno Piglhein</a>, first president</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ludwig_von_Herterich" title="Ludwig von Herterich">Ludwig von Herterich</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Hoecker" title="Paul Hoecker">Paul Hoecker</a>, first secretary</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albert_von_Keller" title="Albert von Keller">Albert von Keller</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gotthardt_Kuehl" title="Gotthardt Kuehl">Gotthardt Kuehl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hugo_von_Habermann" title="Hugo von Habermann">Hugo von Habermann</a>, second president</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Poetzelberger" class="mw-redirect" title="Robert Poetzelberger">Robert Poetzelberger</a>, second secretary</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Franz_von_Stuck" title="Franz von Stuck">Franz von Stuck</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fritz_von_Uhde" title="Fritz von Uhde">Fritz von Uhde</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heinrich_von_Z%C3%BCgel" title="Heinrich von Zügel">Heinrich von Zügel</a></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Munich_Secession&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Rita Hummel: <i>Die Anfänge der Münchener Secession</i>. Schriften aus dem Institut für Kunstgeschichte der Universität München, Vol. 46, <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><a href="/wiki/ZDB-ID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ZDB-ID (identifier)">ZDB-ID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://ld.zdb-services.de/resource/57236-6">57236-6</a>. Tuduv-Verlags-Gesellschaft, München 1989, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/3-88073-345-7" title="Special:BookSources/3-88073-345-7">3-88073-345-7</a>. (based on a thesis for the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Munich" class="mw-redirect" title="University of Munich">University of Munich</a>).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Clelia Segieth: <i>Memorandum des Vereins Bildender Künstler Münchens</i>. In: Buhrs, Best: <i>Secession 1892–1914</i>, S. 20–24.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Helmut_Kästl-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Helmut_Kästl_3-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Helmut Kästl: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.muenchenersecession.de/hist.php"><i>Historisches zur Münchener Secession</i>.</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140413125828/http://www.muenchenersecession.de/hist.php">Archived</a> 13 April 2014 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> In: <i>muenchenersecession.de</i>, retrieved 22 June 2012.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Hermann_Glaser_(cultural_historian)" title="Hermann Glaser (cultural historian)">Hermann Glaser</a>: <i>Wie Hitler den deutschen Geist zerstörte. Kulturpolitik im Dritten Reich</i>. Ellert & Richter, Hamburg 2005, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/3-8319-0227-5" title="Special:BookSources/3-8319-0227-5">3-8319-0227-5</a>.</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading_and_documentary_materials">Further reading and documentary materials</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Munich_Secession&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Further reading and documentary materials"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><i>Offizieller Katalog der Internationalen Kunst-Ausstellung des Vereins bildender Künstler Münchens (A. V.) "Secession" 1898.</i> Vierte Auflage. Bruckmann, Munich 1898. — <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/stream/offiziellerkata00secgoog#page/n9/mode/2up">Full text</a>.</li> <li><i>Offizieller Katalog der Internationalen Kunst-Ausstellung des Vereins bildender Künstler Münchens (E. V.) "Secession" 1906.</i> Zweite Auflage. Bruckmann, Munich 1906. — <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/stream/offiziellerkata00kunsgoog#page/n15/mode/2up">Full text</a>.</li> <li><i>Offizieller Katalog der Internationalen Kunst-Ausstellung des Vereins bildender Künstler Münchens (E. V.) "Secession" 1908.</i> Zweite Auflage. Bruckmann, Munich 1908. — <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/stream/offiziellerkata01unkngoog#page/n13/mode/2up">Full text</a>.</li> <li><i>Münchener Kunst-Ausstellung 1917, verbunden mit einer kunstgewerblichen Abteilung zugunsten der Nationalsammlung für die Hinterbliebenen der gefallenen Krieger im königlichen Glaspalast. Veranstaltet von Münchener Künstlergenossenschaft und der Secession, 1. Juli bis Ende September. Offizieller Katalog</i>. Verlag der Münchener Künstlergenossenschaft und Secession, Munich 1917. — <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://daten.digitale-sammlungen.de/bsb00004410/image_1">Digital collections</a>.</li> <li>Bernd Dürr: <i>Leo Putz, Max Feldbauer und der Kreis der "Scholle" und die "Jugend" in Dachau um 1900</i>. Catalog of the "Upper Bavarian Cultural Days" exhibit in Dachau (1989). Kreis- und Stadtsparkasse Dachau-Indersdorf, Dachau 1989.</li> <li>Markus Harzenetter: <i>Zur Münchner Secession. Genese, Ursachen und Zielsetzungen dieser intentionell neuartigen Münchner Künstlervereinigung</i>. "Miscellanea Bavarica Monacensia", Vol. 158, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ZDB-ID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ZDB-ID (identifier)">ZDB-ID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://ld.zdb-services.de/resource/846909-x">846909-x</a>. Kommissionsverlag UNI-Druck, Munich 1992, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/3-87821-281-X" title="Special:BookSources/3-87821-281-X">3-87821-281-X</a>. (Based on a dissertation for the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Bamberg" title="University of Bamberg">University of Bamberg</a>, 1991).</li> <li>Maria Makela: <i>The Munich Secession. Art and Artists in Turn-Of-The-Century Munich,</i> (Princeton, New Jersey: Princeton University Press, 1990), <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-691-03982-8" title="Special:BookSources/0-691-03982-8">0-691-03982-8</a>. (Based on a dissertation submitted to <a href="/wiki/Stanford_University" title="Stanford University">Stanford University</a>, 1987).</li> <li>Norbert Hierl-Deronco, Otto Hierl-Deronco (Ill.): <i>Münchener Secession 1892. Otto Barone Hierl-Deronco, Maler und Mitbegründer, 1859–1935</i>. Hierl-Deronco, Krailling vor München 1994, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/3-929884-04-6" title="Special:BookSources/3-929884-04-6">3-929884-04-6</a>.</li> <li>Ruth Stein: <i>Die Münchener Secession um 1900</i>. Exhibition catalog. Galerie Konrad Bayer, Munich 1996.</li> <li>Jochen Meister, Bettina Best, Andreas Strobl: <i>Münchener Secession. Geschichte und Gegenwart</i>. Prestel-Verlag, Munich 2007, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-3-7913-3877-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-3-7913-3877-4">978-3-7913-3877-4</a>.</li> <li>Michael Buhrs, Bettina Best: <i>Secession 1892–1914. Die Münchner Secession 1892–1914</i>. Edition Minerva, Wolfratshausen 2008, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-3-938832-33-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-3-938832-33-2">978-3-938832-33-2</a>. – <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://d-nb.info/98886469X/04">Contents</a> (PDF).</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Munich_Secession&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.muenchenersecession.de/">Munich Secession website</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.neuemuenchner-hausderkunst.de/index.htm">New Munich Artists' Association website</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://bvbm1.bib-bvb.de/R/HTY7MC475JGNT2HL251ILSK2MQCSN2KCJNFGJH7PENIFUCUSD6-00011?func=collections-result&collection_id=1962&local_base=KUBA&pds_handle=GUEST">Complete catalogs 1893-1947 (PDF)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adolf_Rosenberg" title="Adolf Rosenberg">Adolf Rosenberg</a>: <i>Die Ausstellung der Münchener „24" in Berlin</i>. In: <a href="/wiki/Karl_von_L%C3%BCtzow" title="Karl von Lützow">Karl von Lützow</a>, Adolf Rosenberg: <i>Kunstchronik. Wochenschrift für Kunst und Kunstgewerbe</i>. Vol.4.1892/93, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ZDB-ID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ZDB-ID (identifier)">ZDB-ID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://ld.zdb-services.de/resource/214682-4">214682-4</a>. Seemann, Leipzig/Berlin 1893, S. 185–188. — <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.digizeitschriften.de/dms/img/?PPN=urn%3Anbn%3Ade%3Absz%3A16-diglit-53678&DMDID=dmd00047">Digital magazines</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist 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alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">International</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://isni.org/isni/0000000121624566">ISNI</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/134979012">VIAF</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/1038102-8">Germany</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n88207749">United States</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Verein Bildender Künstler Münchens Secession"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=xx0182703&CON_LNG=ENG">Czech Republic</a></span></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://kopkatalogs.lv/F?func=direct&local_base=lnc10&doc_number=000239629&P_CON_LNG=ENG">Latvia</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nli.org.il/en/authorities/987007270766205171">Israel</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://cantic.bnc.cat/registre/981058608233706706">Catalonia</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Academics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ci.nii.ac.jp/author/DA10668154?l=en">CiNii</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Artists</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.getty.edu/vow/ULANFullDisplay?find=&role=&nation=&subjectid=500329591">ULAN</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.idref.fr/030211255">IdRef</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1&useformat=desktop" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Munich_Secession&oldid=1212388360">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Munich_Secession&oldid=1212388360</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" 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