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Galatians 1:4 who gave Himself for our sins to rescue us from the present evil age, according to the will of our God and Father,
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class="padleft"><div class="vheadingv"><b>Verse</b><a href="/bsb/galatians/1.htm" class="clickchap" style="color:#001320" title="Click any translation name for full chapter"> (Click for Chapter)</a></div><div id="par"><span class="versiontext"><a href="/niv/galatians/1.htm">New International Version</a></span><br />who gave himself for our sins to rescue us from the present evil age, according to the will of our God and Father,<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/nlt/galatians/1.htm">New Living Translation</a></span><br />Jesus gave his life for our sins, just as God our Father planned, in order to rescue us from this evil world in which we live.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/esv/galatians/1.htm">English Standard Version</a></span><br />who gave himself for our sins to deliver us from the present evil age, according to the will of our God and Father,<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/bsb/galatians/1.htm">Berean Standard Bible</a></span><br />who gave Himself for our sins to rescue us from the present evil age, according to the will of our God and Father,<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/blb/galatians/1.htm">Berean Literal Bible</a></span><br />the <i>One</i> having given Himself for our sins, so that He might deliver us out of the evil age having come presently, according to the will our God and Father,<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/kjv/galatians/1.htm">King James Bible</a></span><br />Who gave himself for our sins, that he might deliver us from this present evil world, according to the will of God and our Father:<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/nkjv/galatians/1.htm">New King James Version</a></span><br />who gave Himself for our sins, that He might deliver us from this present evil age, according to the will of our God and Father,<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/nasb_/galatians/1.htm">New American Standard Bible</a></span><br />who gave Himself for our sins so that He might rescue us from this present evil age, according to the will of our God and Father,<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/nasb/galatians/1.htm">NASB 1995</a></span><br />who gave Himself for our sins so that He might rescue us from this present evil age, according to the will of our God and Father,<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/nasb77/galatians/1.htm">NASB 1977 </a></span><br />who gave Himself for our sins, that He might deliver us out of this present evil age, according to the will of our God and Father,<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/lsb/galatians/1.htm">Legacy Standard Bible </a></span><br />who gave Himself for our sins so that He might rescue us from this present evil age, according to the will of our God and Father,<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/amp/galatians/1.htm">Amplified Bible</a></span><br />who gave Himself [as a sacrifice to atone] for our sins [to save and sanctify us] so that He might rescue us from this present evil age, in accordance with the will <i>and</i> purpose <i>and</i> plan of our God and Father—<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/csb/galatians/1.htm">Christian Standard Bible</a></span><br />who gave himself for our sins to rescue us from this present evil age, according to the will of our God and Father.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/hcsb/galatians/1.htm">Holman Christian Standard Bible</a></span><br />who gave Himself for our sins to rescue us from this present evil age, according to the will of our God and Father.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/asv/galatians/1.htm">American Standard Version</a></span><br />who gave himself for our sins, that he might deliver us out of this present evil world, according to the will of our God and Father:<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/cev/galatians/1.htm">Contemporary English Version</a></span><br />Christ obeyed God our Father and gave himself as a sacrifice for our sins to rescue us from this evil world. <span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/erv/galatians/1.htm">English Revised Version</a></span><br />who gave himself for our sins, that he might deliver us out of this present evil world, according to the will of our God and Father:<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/gwt/galatians/1.htm">GOD'S WORD® Translation</a></span><br />In order to free us from this present evil world, Christ took the punishment for our sins, because that was what our God and Father wanted.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/gnt/galatians/1.htm">Good News Translation</a></span><br />In order to set us free from this present evil age, Christ gave himself for our sins, in obedience to the will of our God and Father. <span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/isv/galatians/1.htm">International Standard Version</a></span><br />He gave himself for our sins in order to rescue us from this present evil age according to the will of our God and Father. <span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/net/galatians/1.htm">NET Bible</a></span><br />who gave himself for our sins to rescue us from this present evil age according to the will of our God and Father,<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/nheb/galatians/1.htm">New Heart English Bible</a></span><br />who gave himself for our sins, that he might deliver us out of this present evil age, according to the will of our God and Father--<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/wbt/galatians/1.htm">Webster's Bible Translation</a></span><br />Who gave himself for our sins, that he might deliver us from this present evil world, according to the will of God and our Father:<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/wey/galatians/1.htm">Weymouth New Testament</a></span><br />who gave Himself to suffer for our sins in order to rescue us from the present wicked age in accordance with the will of our God and Father.<div class="vheading2"><b>Majority Text Translations</b></div><span class="versiontext"><a href="/msb/galatians/1.htm">Majority Standard Bible</a></span><br />who gave Himself for our sins to rescue us from the present evil age, according to the will of our God and Father,<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/web/galatians/1.htm">World English Bible</a></span><br />who gave himself for our sins, that he might deliver us out of this present evil age, according to the will of our God and Father— <div class="vheading2"><b>Literal Translations</b></div><span class="versiontext"><a href="/lsv/galatians/1.htm">Literal Standard Version</a></span><br />who gave Himself for our sins, that He might deliver us out of the present evil age, according to the will of our God and Father,<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/blb/galatians/1.htm">Berean Literal Bible</a></span><br />the <i>One</i> having given Himself for our sins, so that He might deliver us out of the evil age having come presently, according to the will our God and Father,<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/ylt/galatians/1.htm">Young's Literal Translation</a></span><br /> who did give himself for our sins, that he might deliver us out of the present evil age, according to the will of God even our Father,<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/slt/galatians/1.htm">Smith's Literal Translation</a></span><br />Having given himself for our sins, that he might take us away out of this present evil time, according to the will of God and our Father:<div class="vheading2"><b>Catholic Translations</b></div><span class="versiontext"><a href="/drb/galatians/1.htm">Douay-Rheims Bible</a></span><br />Who gave himself for our sins, that he might deliver us from this present wicked world, according to the will of God and our Father: <span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/cpdv/galatians/1.htm">Catholic Public Domain Version</a></span><br />who gave himself on behalf of our sins, so that he might deliver us from this present wicked age, according to the will of God our Father.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/nabre/galatians/1.htm">New American Bible</a></span><br />who gave himself for our sins that he might rescue us from the present evil age in accord with the will of our God and Father,<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/nrsvce/galatians/1.htm">New Revised Standard Version</a></span><br />who gave himself for our sins to set us free from the present evil age, according to the will of our God and Father,<div class="vheading2"><b>Translations from Aramaic</b></div><span class="versiontext"><a href="/lamsa/galatians/1.htm">Lamsa Bible</a></span><br />Who gave himself for our sins, that he might deliver us from this present evil world, according to the will of God our Father:<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/aramaic-plain-english/galatians/1.htm">Aramaic Bible in Plain English</a></span><br />He who gave himself for the sake of our sins to set us free from this evil world, according to the will of God Our Father,<div class="vheading2"><b>NT Translations</b></div><span class="versiontext"><a href="/anderson/galatians/1.htm">Anderson New Testament</a></span><br />who gave himself for our sins, that he might deliver us from this present evil age, according to the will of our God and Father,<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/godbey/galatians/1.htm">Godbey New Testament</a></span><br />who gave Himself for our sins, in order that he might redeem us from the present evil age, according to the will of God even our Father:<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/haweis/galatians/1.htm">Haweis New Testament</a></span><br />who gave himself for our sins, that he might pluck us out of this present wicked world, according to the will of God and our Father:<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/mace/galatians/1.htm">Mace New Testament</a></span><br />that he might deliver us from the vices of this present age, according to the will of God, even our father: to<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/wey/galatians/1.htm">Weymouth New Testament</a></span><br />who gave Himself to suffer for our sins in order to rescue us from the present wicked age in accordance with the will of our God and Father.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/worrell/galatians/1.htm">Worrell New Testament</a></span><br />Who gave Himself for our sins, that He might deliver us out of the present evil age, according to the will of our God and Father;<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/worsley/galatians/1.htm">Worsley New Testament</a></span><br />who gave himself for our sins, that He might deliver us from the present evil world, according to the will of our God and Father:<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/parallel/galatians/1-4.htm">Additional Translations ...</a></span></div></div></div><div id="centbox"><div class="padcent"><a name="audio" id="audio"></a><div class="vheadingv"><b>Audio Bible</b></div><iframe width="100%" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/Jv8Ri4CeT34?start=19" title="YouTube video player" frameborder="0" allow="accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share" allowfullscreen></iframe><span class="p"><br /><br /><br /></span><div class="vheadingv"><b>Context</b></div><span class="hdg"><a href="/bsb/galatians/1.htm">Paul's Greeting to the Galatians</a></span><br>…<span class="reftext">3</span>Grace and peace to you from God our Father and the Lord Jesus Christ, <span class="reftext">4</span><span class="highl"><a href="/greek/3588.htm" title="3588: tou (Art-GMS) -- The, the definite article. Including the feminine he, and the neuter to in all their inflections; the definite article; the.">who</a> <a href="/greek/1325.htm" title="1325: dontos (V-APA-GMS) -- To offer, give; I put, place. A prolonged form of a primary verb; to give.">gave</a> <a href="/greek/1438.htm" title="1438: heauton (RefPro-AM3S) -- Himself, herself, itself. ">Himself</a> <a href="/greek/5228.htm" title="5228: hyper (Prep) -- Gen: in behalf of; acc: above. ">for</a> <a href="/greek/1473.htm" title="1473: hēmōn (PPro-G1P) -- I, the first-person pronoun. A primary pronoun of the first person I.">our</a> <a href="/greek/3588.htm" title="3588: tōn (Art-GFP) -- The, the definite article. Including the feminine he, and the neuter to in all their inflections; the definite article; the."></a> <a href="/greek/266.htm" title="266: hamartiōn (N-GFP) -- From hamartano; a sin.">sins</a> <a href="/greek/3704.htm" title="3704: hopōs (Conj) -- From hos and pos; what(-ever) how, i.e. In the manner that (as adverb or conjunction of coincidence, intentional or actual).">to</a> <a href="/greek/1807.htm" title="1807: exelētai (V-ASM-3S) -- From ek and haireomai; actively, to tear out; middle voice, to select; figuratively, to release.">rescue</a> <a href="/greek/1473.htm" title="1473: hēmas (PPro-A1P) -- I, the first-person pronoun. A primary pronoun of the first person I.">us</a> <a href="/greek/1537.htm" title="1537: ek (Prep) -- From out, out from among, from, suggesting from the interior outwards. A primary preposition denoting origin, from, out.">from</a> <a href="/greek/3588.htm" title="3588: tou (Art-GMS) -- The, the definite article. Including the feminine he, and the neuter to in all their inflections; the definite article; the.">the</a> <a href="/greek/1764.htm" title="1764: enestōtos (V-RPA-GMS) -- From en and histemi; to place on hand, i.e. impend, be instant.">present</a> <a href="/greek/3588.htm" title="3588: tou (Art-GMS) -- The, the definite article. Including the feminine he, and the neuter to in all their inflections; the definite article; the."></a> <a href="/greek/4190.htm" title="4190: ponērou (Adj-GMS) -- Evil, bad, wicked, malicious, slothful. ">evil</a> <a href="/greek/165.htm" title="165: aiōnos (N-GMS) -- From the same as aei; properly, an age; by extension, perpetuity; by implication, the world; specially a Messianic period.">age,</a> <a href="/greek/2596.htm" title="2596: kata (Prep) -- A primary particle; down, in varied relations (genitive, dative or accusative) with which it is joined).">according to</a> <a href="/greek/3588.htm" title="3588: to (Art-ANS) -- The, the definite article. Including the feminine he, and the neuter to in all their inflections; the definite article; the.">the</a> <a href="/greek/2307.htm" title="2307: thelēma (N-ANS) -- An act of will, will; plur: wishes, desires. From the prolonged form of ethelo; a determination, i.e. choice or inclination.">will</a> <a href="/greek/1473.htm" title="1473: hēmōn (PPro-G1P) -- I, the first-person pronoun. A primary pronoun of the first person I.">of our</a> <a href="/greek/3588.htm" title="3588: tou (Art-GMS) -- The, the definite article. Including the feminine he, and the neuter to in all their inflections; the definite article; the."></a> <a href="/greek/2316.htm" title="2316: Theou (N-GMS) -- A deity, especially the supreme Divinity; figuratively, a magistrate; by Hebraism, very.">God</a> <a href="/greek/2532.htm" title="2532: kai (Conj) -- And, even, also, namely. ">and</a> <a href="/greek/3962.htm" title="3962: Patros (N-GMS) -- Father, (Heavenly) Father, ancestor, elder, senior. Apparently a primary word; a father.">Father,</a> </span> <span class="reftext">5</span>to whom be glory forever and ever. Amen.…<div class="cred"><a href="//berean.bible">Berean Standard Bible</a> · <a href="//berean.bible/downloads.htm">Download</a></div><span class="p"><br /><br /></span><a name="crossref" id="crossref"></a><div class="vheading">Cross References</div><div id="crf"><span class="crossverse"><a href="/john/3-16.htm">John 3:16</a></span><br />For God so loved the world that He gave His one and only Son, that everyone who believes in Him shall not perish but have eternal life.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/matthew/20-28.htm">Matthew 20:28</a></span><br />just as the Son of Man did not come to be served, but to serve, and to give His life as a ransom for many.”<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/titus/2-14.htm">Titus 2:14</a></span><br />He gave Himself for us to redeem us from all lawlessness and to purify for Himself a people for His own possession, zealous for good deeds.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/1_timothy/2-6.htm">1 Timothy 2:6</a></span><br />who gave Himself as a ransom for all—the testimony that was given at just the right time.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/1_john/4-10.htm">1 John 4:10</a></span><br />And love consists in this: not that we loved God, but that He loved us and sent His Son as the atoning sacrifice for our sins.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/romans/4-25.htm">Romans 4:25</a></span><br />He was delivered over to death for our trespasses and was raised to life for our justification.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/ephesians/5-2.htm">Ephesians 5:2</a></span><br />and walk in love, just as Christ loved us and gave Himself up for us as a fragrant sacrificial offering to God.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/1_peter/2-24.htm">1 Peter 2:24</a></span><br />He Himself bore our sins in His body on the tree, so that we might die to sin and live to righteousness. “By His stripes you are healed.”<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/hebrews/9-14.htm">Hebrews 9:14</a></span><br />how much more will the blood of Christ, who through the eternal Spirit offered Himself unblemished to God, purify our consciences from works of death, so that we may serve the living God!<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/colossians/1-13.htm">Colossians 1:13-14</a></span><br />He has rescued us from the dominion of darkness and brought us into the kingdom of His beloved Son, / in whom we have redemption, the forgiveness of sins.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/1_corinthians/15-3.htm">1 Corinthians 15:3</a></span><br />For what I received I passed on to you as of first importance: that Christ died for our sins according to the Scriptures,<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/romans/8-3.htm">Romans 8:3</a></span><br />For what the law was powerless to do in that it was weakened by the flesh, God did by sending His own Son in the likeness of sinful man, as an offering for sin. He thus condemned sin in the flesh,<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/isaiah/53-5.htm">Isaiah 53:5</a></span><br />But He was pierced for our transgressions, He was crushed for our iniquities; the punishment that brought us peace was upon Him, and by His stripes we are healed.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/isaiah/53-12.htm">Isaiah 53:12</a></span><br />Therefore I will allot Him a portion with the great, and He will divide the spoils with the strong, because He has poured out His life unto death, and He was numbered with the transgressors. Yet He bore the sin of many and made intercession for the transgressors.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/daniel/9-24.htm">Daniel 9:24</a></span><br />Seventy weeks are decreed for your people and your holy city to stop their transgression, to put an end to sin, to make atonement for iniquity, to bring in everlasting righteousness, to seal up vision and prophecy, and to anoint the Most Holy Place.</div><span class="p"><br /><br /></span><a name="tsk" id="tsk"><div class="vheading">Treasury of Scripture</div><p class="tsk2">Who gave himself for our sins, that he might deliver us from this present evil world, according to the will of God and our Father:</p><p class="hdg">gave.</p><p class="tskverse"><b><a href="/galatians/2-20.htm">Galatians 2:20</a></b></br> I am crucified with Christ: nevertheless I live; yet not I, but Christ liveth in me: and the life which I now live in the flesh I live by the faith of the Son of God, who loved me, and gave himself for me.</p><p class="tskverse"><b><a href="/matthew/20-28.htm">Matthew 20:28</a></b></br> Even as the Son of man came not to be ministered unto, but to minister, and to give his life a ransom for many.</p><p class="tskverse"><b><a href="/matthew/26-28.htm">Matthew 26:28</a></b></br> For this is my blood of the new testament, which is shed for many for the remission of sins.</p><p class="hdg">from.</p><p class="tskverse"><b><a href="/galatians/6-14.htm">Galatians 6:14</a></b></br> But God forbid that I should glory, save in the cross of our Lord Jesus Christ, by whom the world is crucified unto me, and I unto the world.</p><p class="tskverse"><b><a href="/isaiah/65-17.htm">Isaiah 65:17</a></b></br> For, behold, I create new heavens and a new earth: and the former shall not be remembered, nor come into mind.</p><p class="tskverse"><b><a href="/john/12-31.htm">John 12:31</a></b></br> Now is the judgment of this world: now shall the prince of this world be cast out.</p><p class="hdg">according.</p><p class="tskverse"><b><a href="/psalms/40-8.htm">Psalm 40:8</a></b></br> I delight to do thy will, O my God: yea, thy law <i>is</i> within my heart.</p><p class="tskverse"><b><a href="/matthew/26-42.htm">Matthew 26:42</a></b></br> He went away again the second time, and prayed, saying, O my Father, if this cup may not pass away from me, except I drink it, thy will be done.</p><p class="tskverse"><b><a href="/luke/22-42.htm">Luke 22:42</a></b></br> Saying, Father, if thou be willing, remove this cup from me: nevertheless not my will, but thine, be done.</p><p class="hdg">our.</p><p class="tskverse"><b><a href="/matthew/6-9.htm">Matthew 6:9</a></b></br> After this manner therefore pray ye: Our Father which art in heaven, Hallowed be thy name.</p><p class="tskverse"><b><a href="/romans/1-7.htm">Romans 1:7</a></b></br> To all that be in Rome, beloved of God, called <i>to be</i> saints: Grace to you and peace from God our Father, and the Lord Jesus Christ.</p><p class="tskverse"><b><a href="/ephesians/1-2.htm">Ephesians 1:2</a></b></br> Grace <i>be</i> to you, and peace, from God our Father, and <i>from</i> the Lord Jesus Christ.</p><div class="vheading">Jump to Previous</div><a href="/2_corinthians/11-15.htm">Accordance</a> <a href="/2_corinthians/9-9.htm">Age</a> <a href="/2_corinthians/1-10.htm">Deliver</a> <a href="/2_corinthians/13-7.htm">Evil</a> <a href="/2_corinthians/11-33.htm">Free</a> <a href="/2_corinthians/13-10.htm">Order</a> <a href="/2_corinthians/13-10.htm">Present</a> <a href="/2_corinthians/9-7.htm">Purpose</a> <a href="/2_corinthians/1-10.htm">Rescue</a> <a href="/2_corinthians/13-2.htm">Sins</a> <a href="/2_corinthians/11-20.htm">Suffer</a> <a href="/1_corinthians/5-13.htm">Wicked</a> <a href="/2_corinthians/11-18.htm">World</a><div class="vheading2">Jump to Next</div><a href="/ephesians/1-5.htm">Accordance</a> <a href="/galatians/1-14.htm">Age</a> <a href="/colossians/1-25.htm">Deliver</a> <a href="/galatians/5-16.htm">Evil</a> <a href="/galatians/2-4.htm">Free</a> <a href="/galatians/1-16.htm">Order</a> <a href="/galatians/4-18.htm">Present</a> <a href="/galatians/2-16.htm">Purpose</a> <a href="/colossians/1-13.htm">Rescue</a> <a href="/ephesians/1-7.htm">Sins</a> <a href="/galatians/3-4.htm">Suffer</a> <a href="/ephesians/6-16.htm">Wicked</a> <a href="/galatians/3-22.htm">World</a><div class="vheading2">Galatians 1</div><span class="reftext">1. </span><span class="outlinetext"><a href="/galatians/1-1.htm">Paul's greeting to the Galatians;</a></span><br><span class="reftext">6. </span><span class="outlinetext"><a href="/galatians/1-6.htm">He wonders why they have so soon left him and the gospel;</a></span><br><span class="reftext">8. </span><span class="outlinetext"><a href="/galatians/1-8.htm">and accurses those who preach any other gospel than he did.</a></span><br><span class="reftext">11. </span><span class="outlinetext"><a href="/galatians/1-11.htm">He learned the gospel not from men, but from God;</a></span><br><span class="reftext">14. </span><span class="outlinetext"><a href="/galatians/1-14.htm">and shows what he was before his calling;</a></span><br><span class="reftext">17. </span><span class="outlinetext"><a href="/galatians/1-17.htm">and what he did immediately after it.</a></span><br></div></div><div id="mdd"><div align="center"><div class="bot2"><table align="center" width="100%"><tr><td><div align="center"> <script id="3d27ed63fc4348d5b062c4527ae09445"> (new Image()).src = 'https://capi.connatix.com/tr/si?token=51ce25d5-1a8c-424a-8695-4bd48c750f35&cid=3a9f82d0-4344-4f8d-ac0c-e1a0eb43a405'; </script> <script id="b817b7107f1d4a7997da1b3c33457e03"> (new Image()).src = 'https://capi.connatix.com/tr/si?token=cb0edd8b-b416-47eb-8c6d-3cc96561f7e8&cid=3a9f82d0-4344-4f8d-ac0c-e1a0eb43a405'; </script><br /><br /> <!-- /1078254/BH-728x90-ATF --> <div id='div-gpt-ad-1529103594582-2'> </div><br /><br /> <!-- /1078254/BH-300x250-ATF --> <div 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href="/study/chapters/galatians/1.htm" title="Chapter summary and Study">Chapter </a></tr></table></div><b>who gave Himself for our sins</b><br>This phrase emphasizes the sacrificial nature of Jesus Christ's death. The concept of substitutionary atonement is central here, where Jesus willingly offered Himself as a sacrifice to atone for humanity's sins. This act fulfills Old Testament prophecies such as <a href="/isaiah/53-5.htm">Isaiah 53:5</a>, which speaks of the suffering servant who bears the iniquities of others. The voluntary nature of this sacrifice is crucial, highlighting Jesus' obedience and love (<a href="/john/10-18.htm">John 10:18</a>). The phrase also connects to the sacrificial system in the Old Testament, where animals were offered to atone for sin, pointing to Jesus as the ultimate and final sacrifice (<a href="/hebrews/10-10.htm">Hebrews 10:10</a>).<p><b>to rescue us from the present evil age</b><br>This part of the verse speaks to the deliverance aspect of Christ's work. The "present evil age" refers to the current world system, characterized by sin and opposition to God's will. In Jewish eschatology, history is divided into "this age" and "the age to come," with the latter being the time of God's kingdom. Jesus' death and resurrection initiate the transition from this present age to the age to come (<a href="/1_corinthians/10-11.htm">1 Corinthians 10:11</a>). The rescue is not just from personal sin but from the pervasive influence of evil in the world, aligning with the theme of spiritual warfare found in <a href="/ephesians/6-12.htm">Ephesians 6:12</a>.<p><b>according to the will of our God and Father</b><br>This phrase underscores the divine initiative and purpose behind Jesus' sacrificial act. It was not a random event but part of God's sovereign plan for redemption, as seen in passages like <a href="/ephesians/1-4.htm">Ephesians 1:4-5</a>, which speak of God's predestined plan for salvation. The use of "our God and Father" emphasizes the relational aspect of God, who acts out of love and care for His creation. This aligns with the broader biblical narrative of God's redemptive plan, from the promise to Abraham (<a href="/genesis/12-3.htm">Genesis 12:3</a>) to the fulfillment in Christ (<a href="/galatians/3-14.htm">Galatians 3:14</a>). The phrase assures believers of God's control and purpose in the unfolding of salvation history.<div class="vheading2">Persons / Places / Events</div>1. <b><a href="/topical/j/jesus_christ.htm">Jesus Christ</a></b><br>The central figure in this verse, who "gave Himself for our sins." His sacrificial act is the foundation of Christian salvation.<br><br>2. <b><a href="/topical/p/paul_the_apostle.htm">Paul the Apostle</a></b><br>The author of the letter to the Galatians, addressing the churches in Galatia to correct false teachings and affirm the true Gospel.<br><br>3. <b><a href="/topical/g/galatia.htm">Galatia</a></b><br>A region in modern-day Turkey where the recipients of this letter resided. The churches here were struggling with false teachings about the necessity of following Jewish law for salvation.<br><br>4. <b><a href="/topical/g/god_the_father.htm">God the Father</a></b><br>The one whose will is fulfilled through Jesus' sacrificial act, emphasizing the divine plan for salvation.<br><br>5. <b><a href="/topical/t/the_present_evil_age.htm">The Present Evil Age</a></b><br>Refers to the current world system, characterized by sin and opposition to God's will, from which believers are rescued.<div class="vheading2">Teaching Points</div><b><a href="/topical/t/the_sacrificial_love_of_christ.htm">The Sacrificial Love of Christ</a></b><br>Jesus' self-giving act is central to the Christian faith. His sacrifice was voluntary and motivated by love, providing a model for selflessness in our lives.<br><br><b><a href="/topical/r/rescue_from_the_present_evil_age.htm">Rescue from the Present Evil Age</a></b><br>Believers are called to live distinctively from the world, recognizing that they have been rescued from its influence and are now part of God's kingdom.<br><br><b><a href="/topical/t/the_will_of_god.htm">The Will of God</a></b><br>Understanding that Christ's sacrifice was according to God's will encourages trust in God's sovereign plan for our lives, even when circumstances are challenging.<br><br><b><a href="/topical/t/the_nature_of_sin_and_redemption.htm">The Nature of Sin and Redemption</a></b><br>Acknowledge the seriousness of sin and the necessity of redemption through Christ. This awareness should lead to gratitude and a desire to live in obedience to God.<br><br><b><a href="/topical/l/living_in_light_of_the_gospel.htm">Living in Light of the Gospel</a></b><br>The Gospel is not just a message to be believed but a reality to be lived out. Our lives should reflect the transformation that comes from being rescued by Christ.<div class="vheading2">Lists and Questions</div><a href="/top10/lessons_from_galatians_1.htm">Top 10 Lessons from Galatians 1</a><span class="p"><br /><br /></span><a href="/q/what_defines_today's_evil_age.htm">What defines the characteristics of the present evil age?</a><span class="p"><br /><br /></span><a href="/q/is_christ_in_you_the_hope_of_glory.htm">Is Christ in you the hope of glory?</a><span class="p"><br /><br /></span><a href="/q/when_was_nehemiah_written.htm">What does it mean Jesus became sin for us?</a><span class="p"><br /><br /></span><a href="/q/how_does_animal_sacrifice_fit_ethics_today.htm">Leviticus 5:6 mandates animal sacrifice for atonement; how does punishing an innocent creature align with modern ethical standards?</a><a name="commentary" id="commentary"></a><div class="vheading2"><a href="/commentaries/ellicott/galatians/1.htm">Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers</a></div>(4) <span class= "bld">Who gave himself.</span>--Surrendered Himself, of His own free act and will, to those who sought His death. The phrase has a parallel in <a href="/titus/2-14.htm" title="Who gave himself for us, that he might redeem us from all iniquity, and purify to himself a peculiar people, zealous of good works.">Titus 2:14</a>, and appears in its full and complete form in the Gospel saying (<a href="/matthew/20-28.htm" title="Even as the Son of man came not to be ministered to, but to minister, and to give his life a ransom for many.">Matthew 20:28</a>; <a href="/mark/10-45.htm" title="For even the Son of man came not to be ministered to, but to minister, and to give his life a ransom for many.">Mark 10:45</a>): "The Son of Man came to give His life a ransom for many "; and in <a href="/1_timothy/2-6.htm" title="Who gave himself a ransom for all, to be testified in due time.">1Timothy 2:6</a> : "Who gave Himself a ransom" (the word is here a compound, which brings out more strongly the sense of vicariousness) "for all."<p><span class= "bld">For our sins.</span>--In the Greek there are three prepositions, which can only be translated by the single word "for" in English. The first has for its primary sense "concerning," or "relating to"; it merely marks a connection or relation between two facts. The second has rather the sense "in behalf of," "in the interests of." The third means strictly "in place of." The first, as might be expected, is naturally used in respect of <span class= "ital">things;</span> the second and third of <span class= "ital">persons.</span> The death of Christ was a sacrifice <span class= "ital">for sins, i.e.,</span> the sins of mankind stood in a distinct relation to it, which was really that of cause. The sins of mankind it was which set the whole scheme of redemption in motion, and to take away those sins was its main object. The death of Christ was a sacrifice <span class= "ital">for sinners.</span> It was a sacrifice wrought in their behalf, for their benefit. It was also a sacrifice wrought <span class= "ital">in their stead.</span> Christ suffered in order that they might not suffer. He gave His life "a ransom <span class= "ital">for </span>(<span class= "ital">i.e., in place of</span>) many." The first of these meanings is represented in Greek by the preposition <span class= "ital">peri,</span> the second by <span class= "ital">huper,</span> the third by <span class= "ital">anti.</span> The distinction, however, is not quite strictly kept up. We not unfrequently find the death of Christ described as a sacrifice for (<span class= "ital">on behalf of</span>) sins. This would correspond rather to our phrase "for the sake of." The object was to do away with sins. They were, as it were, the final cause of the atonement.<p>It is somewhat doubtful which of the first two prepositions is to be read here. By far the majority of MSS. have <span class= "ital">peri,</span> but the famous Codex Vaticanus, and one of the corrections of the Sinaitic MS., have <span class= "ital">huper.</span> The two prepositions are not unfrequently confused in the MSS., and the probability in this case is that the numerical majority is right. It will then be simply stated in the text that the sins of men and the sacrifice of Christ have a relation to each other. If there had been no sin there would have been no redemption.<p><span class= "bld">Deliver us.</span>--The deliverance present to the mind of the Apostle appears to be rather (in technical language) that of sanctification than that of justification. The object of redemption is regarded for the moment as being to deliver men from sin, and not so much to deliver them from guilt, the consequence of sin. The Atonement has really both objects, but it is the first that the Apostle has in view in this passage. . . . <div class="vheading2"><a href="/commentaries/pulpit/galatians/1.htm">Pulpit Commentary</a></div><span class="cmt_sub_title">Verse 4.</span> - <span class="cmt_word">Who gave himself</span> (<span class="greek">τοῦ δόντος</span> <span class="greek">ἑαυτόν</span>). This is the strongest imaginable description of what Christ did to redeem us. The phrase occurs in 1 Macc. 6:44, with reference to the Eleazar who rushed upon certain death to kill the elephant which was carrying the king, Antiochus: "He gave himself (<span class="greek">ἔδωκεν ἑαυτὸν</span>) to save his people." It is applied to Christ also in <a href="/titus/2-14.htm">Titus 2:14</a>," Who gave himself for us;" and <a href="/1_timothy/2-6.htm">1 Timothy 2:6</a>, "Who gave himself a ransom for all." In the next chapter, ver. 20, the apostle writes, "Who loved me, and gave himself up (<span class="greek">πυραδόντος</span> <span class="greek">ἑαυτὸν</span>) for me." Similarly, St. Paul writes in <a href="/romans/8-32.htm">Romans 8:32</a>, "He that spared not [<span class="accented">i.e.</span> 'kept not back'] his own Son, but gave him <span class="accented">up</span> (<span class="greek">παρέδωκεν αὐτὸν</span>) for us all." The addition, in <a href="/matthew/26-45.htm">Matthew 26:45</a>, of the words, "into the hands of sinners," and our Lord's utterance in <a href="/luke/22-53.htm">Luke 22:53</a>, "This is your hour, and the power of darkness," help to illustrate the exceedingly pregnant expression now before us. <span class="cmt_word">For our sins</span> (<span class="greek">ὑπέρ τῶν</span> <span class="greek">ἁμαρτιῶν ἡμῶν</span>). This is the reading of the Textus Receptus, retained by the Revisers. On the other hand, L. T. Tr., for <span class="greek">ὑπέρ</span>, substitute <span class="greek">περί</span>. These two prepositions <span class="greek">ὑπὲρ</span> and <span class="greek">περὶ</span> are, in this relation as well as in some others, used indifferently. If we follow the reading of Rec. L. T. Tr. Rev. (for very often the manuscripts oscillate between the two), we have <span class="greek">ὑπὲρ</span> in <a href="/1_corinthians/15-3.htm">1 Corinthians 15:3</a>, "Died for our sins;" <a href="/hebrews/7-27.htm">Hebrews 7:27</a>, "To offer up sacrifices, first for his own sins, and then for the <span class="accented">sins</span> of the people;" <a href="/hebrews/9-7.htm">Hebrews 9:7</a>, "Blood, which he offereth for himself, and for the ignorances of the people." On the other hand, we find in the same authorities <span class="greek">περὶ</span> in <a href="/romans/8-3.htm">Romans 8:3</a>, "Sending his own Son in the likeness of sinful flesh and for sin;" <a href="/hebrews/5-3.htm">Hebrews 5:3</a>, "As for the people, so also for himself, to offer for sins" (where, however, the Receptus has <span class="greek">ὑπὲρ</span> in the last clause, ("for sins"); <a href="/hebrews/10-6.htm">Hebrews 10:6</a>, "Whole burnt offerings, and <span class="accented">sacrifices</span> for sin;" <a href="/hebrews/10-18.htm">Hebrews 10:18</a>, "No more offering for sin;" <a href="/1_john/2-2.htm">1 John 2:2, 10</a>, "Propitiation for our sins;" <a href="/1_peter/3-16.htm">1 Peter 3:16</a>, "Died [or, 'suffered'] for (<span class="greek">περὶ</span>) sins, the righteous for (<span class="greek">ὑπὲρ</span>) the unrighteous." The last passage (<a href="/1_peter/3-18.htm">1 Peter 3:18</a>) suggests the remark that <span class="greek">ὑπὲρ</span> is the more appropriate word before persons, and <span class="greek">περὶ</span> before "sins." We find, however, that, in the Septuagint, in the Pentateuch <span class="greek">περὶ</span> is used also before persons as it is in <a href="/hebrews/5-3.htm">Hebrews 5:3</a>; thus: <a href="/leviticus/5-18.htm">Leviticus 5:18</a>, "The priest shall make atonement for <span class="greek">περὶ</span> him concerning (<span class="greek">περὶ</span>) his ignorance;" in both cases rendering the Hebrew <span class="accented">al.</span> So <a href="/leviticus/4-20.htm">Leviticus 4:20, 26, 31, 35</a>; <a href="/numbers/8-12.htm">Numbers 8:12</a>. On the other hand, in <a href="/exodus/32-30.htm">Exodus 32:30</a> we have "I will go up unto the Lord, that I may make atonement for (<span class="greek">περί</span>, <span class="accented">b'ad</span>) your sin." The truth seems to be that <span class="greek">ὑπέρ</span>, which is more properly "on behalf of" often denotes "for," equivalent to "on account of;" as <span class="accented">e.g.</span> <a href="/psalms/39-11.htm">Psalm 39:11</a>, Septuagint, "rebukes for sin;" <a href="/ephesians/5-20.htm">Ephesians 5:20</a>, "Giving thanks always for all things;" <a href="/romans/15-9.htm">Romans 15:9</a>, "Glorify God for his mercy." And this sense passes into "concerning," "with reference to;" as <a href="/2_corinthians/1-8.htm">2 Corinthians 1:8</a>, "I would not have you ignorant concerning our affliction;" <a href="/2_corinthians/8-23.htm">2 Corinthians 8:23</a>, "Whether <span class="accented">any inquire</span> about Titus." On the other hand, <span class="greek">περί</span>, which more properly denotes "concerning," "with reference to," passes into the sense of "on account of;" as <a href="/luke/19-37.htm">Luke 19:37</a>, "Praise God for all the mighty works;" <a href="/john/10-33.htm">John 10:33</a>, "For a good work we stone thee not, but for blasphemy;" <a href="/1_corinthians/1-4.htm">1 Corinthians 1:4</a>, "I thank my God... concerning you;" <a href="/1_thessalonians/1-2.htm">1 Thessalonians 1:2</a>, "We give thanks to God for you all;" <a href="/romans/1-8.htm">Romans 1:8</a>, "I thank my God for [Receptus, <span class="greek">ὑπὲρ</span>] you all." The use of <span class="greek">περὶ</span> in the verse before us, and in the similar passages above cited, no doubt followed its use in the phrase <span class="greek">περὶ ἁμαρτίας</span>, which in the LXX. so commonly describes the "sin offering" of the Levitical institute. This phrase sometimes represents what in the Hebrew text is the simple noun (<span class="accented">chattath</span>) "sin," put for "sin offering;" as <span class="accented">e.g.</span> <a href="/leviticus/7-37.htm">Leviticus 7:37</a>, "This is the law ofthe burnt offering, of the meat offering, and of the sin offering (<span class="accented">chattath</span>)," etc. (<span class="greek">οῦτος ὁ νόμος τῶν ὁλοκαυτωμάτων καὶ θυσίας καὶ</span> <span class="greek">περὶ ἁμαρτίας</span>, etc.). Sometimes it represents the same Hebrew noun preceded by the preposition <span class="accented">al</span>, for: "For the sin of such or such a one (<span class="greek">περὶ τῆς ἁμαρτίας τοῦ δεῖνα</span>);" as <span class="accented">e.g.</span> <a href="/leviticus/5.htm">Leviticus 5</a>:35, where the LXX. has, "The priest shall make atonement for him for the sin which he hath sinned (<span class="greek">ἐξιλάσεται περι</span> <span class="greek">αὐτοῦ ὁ ἱερεὺς περὶ τῆς ἁμαρτίας η}ν ἥμαρτε</span>)." The precise force of <span class="greek">περὶ</span> in this phrase was probably "on account of sin," or "having reference to sin;" senses of <span class="greek">περὶ</span> which, as has been seen, are borne by <span class="greek">ὑπὲρ</span> as well. This view of the force of these two prepositions, as employed in this relation, seems to the present writer more satisfactory than that which refers it to the notion of protection, "on behalf of" or "for the good of" some one; though it must unquestionably be allowed that this is a notion which they both of them frequently convey. To this latter notion, indeed, we must in all probability refer the use of <span class="greek">ὑπὲρ</span> in <a href="/galatians/2-20.htm">Galatians 2:20</a>, "Gave himself up for me," as well as in <a href="/1_peter/3-18.htm">1 Peter 3:18, 6</a>, for the unrighteous;" <a href="/luke/22-19.htm">Luke 22:19, 20</a>, "Given for you," "Poured out for you," and the like; and also that of <span class="greek">περὶ</span> in <a href="/matthew/26-28.htm">Matthew 26:28</a>, "Shed for many;" <a href="/john/17-9.htm">John 17:9</a>, "<span class="accented">I</span> pray for them;" <a href="/colossians/4-3.htm">Colossians 4:3</a>, "Praying for us." The result of this inquiry into the <span class="accented">usus loquendi</span> with reference to these prepositions appears to be this: in what manner the death of Christ affected our condition in those respects in which that condition was antecedently qualified by our sins, neither <span class="greek">ὑπὲρ</span> nor <span class="greek">περὶ</span> as prefixed to the noun "sins" enables us precisely to determine, further than as it recalls for illustration the "sin offering" of the Law. For the more complete development of the idea intended to be conveyed, we must look to other references made in Scripture to the subject, such as <span class="accented">e.g.</span> <a href="/2_corinthians/5-21.htm">2 Corinthians 5:21</a>; <a href="/galatians/3-13.htm">Galatians 3:13</a>; <a href="/1_peter/1-19.htm">1 Peter 1:19</a>. Thus much, however, we may confidently assume: both <span class="greek">ὑπὲρ</span> and <span class="greek">περὶ</span> as so applied do alike warrant us in concluding, not only that it was because of our sins that Christ behoved to die, but also that his death is efficacious for the complete removal of those evils which accrue to us from our sins. That he might deliver us from this present evil world (<span class="greek">ὅπως ἐξέληται ἡμᾶς ἐκ τοῦ αἰῶνος</span> <span class="greek">τοῦ ἐνεστῶτος πονηροῦ</span>. Such is the reading of L. T. Tr. Rev.; while the Textus Receptus has <span class="greek">ὅπως ἐξέληται ἡμᾶς ἐκ τοῦ ἐνεστῶτος</span> <span class="greek">αἰῶνος πονηροῦ</span>); <span class="accented">that he might deliver us out of the present world</span>, <span class="accented">evil that it is.</span> The verb <span class="greek">ἐξαιρέομαι</span>, originally "take out," renders the Hebrew <span class="accented">hitztzil</span> in <a href="/1_samuel/4-8.htm">1 Samuel 4:8</a> and <a href="/jeremiah/1-8.htm">Jeremiah 1:8</a> in the sense of "deliver;" it points to "the present state" as one of helpless misery or danger. Compare the use of the verb, <a href="/acts/7-10.htm">Acts 7:10, 34</a>; <a href="/acts/12-11.htm">Acts 12:11</a>; it is equivalent to <span class="greek">ῤύεσθαι</span>, as found in <a href="/colossians/1-13.htm">Colossians 1:13</a> and <a href="/luke/1-74.htm">Luke 1:74</a>. The participle "present" or "subsisting," <span class="greek">ἐνεστώς</span>, is found in explicit contrast with the participle "to come," <span class="greek">μέλλων</span>, <a href="/romans/8-38.htm">Romans 8:38</a>," Nor things present nor things to come;" and <a href="/1_corinthians/3-22.htm">1 Corinthians 3:22</a>. We are, therefore, naturally led to suppose that the apostle means to contrast the "world" here referred to with a "world to come;" which latter is mentioned in <a href="/hebrews/6-5.htm">Hebrews 6:5</a>, and seems synonymous with the "world [literally, 'inhabited earth'] to come," <span class="greek">οἰκουμένη μέλλουσα</span>, of <a href="/hebrews/2-5.htm">Hebrews 2:5</a>. Compare our Lord's words in <a href="/matthew/12-32.htm">Matthew 12:32</a>, "Neither in this world nor in that which is to come," and his contrast of "this world" with "that world" in <a href="/luke/20-34.htm">Luke 20:34, 35</a>. The Greek word here employed, <span class="accented">aion</span>, like <span class="accented">kosmos</span>, is used with varying shades of meaning. The two nouns, used interchangeably in <a href="/1_corinthians/3-18.htm">1 Corinthians 3:18, 19</a> are, however, not altogether equivalent. The former originally denotes a mode of time; the latter, a mode of space. In particular, <span class="accented">aion</span> is never used in the Greek Testament to denote "mankind," as <span class="accented">kosmos</span> not unfrequently is by all its writers. In the Syriac Version, <span class="accented">olmo</span> represents both <span class="accented">aion</span> and <span class="accented">kosmos</span> in all their senses, with a slight variation in its form to represent <span class="accented">aion</span> in <a href="/ephesians/2-2.htm">Ephesians 2:2</a>, "The course (<span class="accented">aida</span>) of this world (<span class="accented">kosmos</span>)," as if it were "The worldliness of this world." Probably the same word <span class="accented">olmo</span>, in the Chaldean-Hebrew language current amongst the Palestinian Jews, was the term employed by them in all those connections in which either <span class="accented">aion</span> or <span class="accented">kosmos</span> would have been used by them if speaking in Hellenistic Greek; for it is to the Hellenistic dialect of the Greek language that both words as so employed belong. We never find <span class="accented">aion</span> at all in any of St. John's writings, except in the phrases, <span class="greek">εἰς τὸν αἰῶνα</span> or <span class="greek">εἰς τοὺς αἰῶνας</span>, denoting "for ever." In other significations, when other writers of the New Testament might have used <span class="accented">aion</span>, St. John always puts <span class="accented">kosmos.</span> The word <span class="accented">aion</span>, denoting a cycle of time, is used also to signify a material world, as <a href="/hebrews/1-2.htm">Hebrews 1:2</a>; and, in particular, the state of things found existing in that cycle of time; and this as viewed in various aspects. In <a href="/luke/20-34.htm">Luke 20:34, 35</a> "this <span class="accented">aida"</span> contrasts the present state, as one of mortality and successive reproduction, with "that <span class="accented">aion</span>," viewed as one of immortality, in which processes of reproduction are found no more. But in <a href="/luke/16-8.htm">Luke 16:8</a> "the children of this <span class="accented">aion"</span> are those who live after the world-loving, sinful fashion which characterizes mankind in general in contrast with "the children of light," who have been enlightened to recognize their relation to a spiritual world. In St. Paul, "the present <span class="greek">αἰὼν</span> denotes the entire moral and spiritual state of mankind viewed in the aspect in which he contemplated it - a state wrapped in spiritual "darkness," pervaded by ungodliness and general immorality, and dominated by Satan; as Bengel puts it, "tota oeconomia peceati sub potestate Satanae" (<a href="/ephesians/2-2.htm">Ephesians 2:2</a>; <a href="/ephesians/4-18.htm">Ephesians 4:18</a>; <a href="/2_corinthians/4-4.htm">2 Corinthians 4:4</a>); a state from which Christians ought to study to get wholly weaned in all their moral and spiritual habits (<a href="/romans/12-2.htm">Romans 12:2</a>; <a href="/ephesians/4-22.htm">Ephesians 4:22-24</a>). In St. John, the phrases, "the world (<span class="accented">kosmos</span>)," or "this world" are frequently employed to express the same idea; as <span class="accented">e.g.</span> <a href="/john/12-31.htm">John 12:31</a>; <a href="/john/16-11.htm">John 16:11</a>; <a href="/1_john/2-15.htm">1 John 2:15, 16</a>; <a href="/1_john/5-19.htm">1 John 5:19</a>. Out of this "power, empire, of darkness," in which by nature apart from Christ's grace all men are hopelessly enthralled; out of the grasp, inextricable by any efforts of their own, with which Satan holds them, - the apostle recognizes Christ as alone able to "rescue" us; and even him only able to "<span class="accented">rescue"</span> us by virtue of his atoning sacrifice of himself Thus, in an eminently just application of the verb, he is said to "redeem" (<span class="greek">λυτροῦσθαι</span>) them from all iniquity, which expression includes, not only the idea of his paying down a ransom for their emancipation, but also the thought that, by the power of his grace, he makes the ransom effectual for the actual moral and spiritual deliverance, one by one, of those who believe in him: "he purifies them a people of his very own, devoted to good works" (<a href="/titus/2-14.htm">Titus 2:14</a>). The position in the Greek of the epithet "evil," standing in a peculiar manner without the article after "this present world" (<span class="greek">τοῦ αἰῶνος τοῦ</span> <span class="greek">ἐνεστῶτος πονηροῦ</span>), is discussed both by Bishop Ellicott and by Bishop) Lightfoot in their respective Commentaries on the Epistle; the latter of whom takes it as equivalent to "<span class="accented">with</span> all its evils." It seems to the present writer that the syntax of the clause groups it with <a href="/ephesians/2-11.htm">Ephesians 2:11</a>," That which is called circumcision, in the flesh, made [or, 'done '] with hands (<span class="greek">τῆς λεγομένης περιτομῆς ἐν σαρκὶ</span> <span class="greek">χειροποιητοῦ</span>),<span class="accented">"</span> where <span class="greek">ἐν σαρκὶ χειροποιητοῦ</span> has no article, because it is a logical adjunct: the circumcision "which is made in the flesh with hands," is of course no real circumcision (cf. <a href="/romans/2.htm">Romans 2</a>. fin.), and there-fore is only one so "called." So in the present passage the epithet "evil" is a logical adjunct: the state of the world being an "evil state," craved Christ's redemption, and this fact should make that redemption welcome to us. Similarly, in <a href="/1_peter/1-18.htm">1 Peter 1:18</a> the epithet" handed from your fathers (<span class="greek">πατροπαραδοτοῦ</span>)," added after "your vain manner of life," is a logical adjunct: the fact that it was ancient and traditional gave it so strong a hold upon them as to crave the intervention of a no ordinary ransom to redeem them from it. With the turn of thought, which according to this view is indicated by the epithet <span class="greek">πονηροῦ</span> having been added to the noun without the article, agrees likewise the emphatic position of the verb <span class="greek">ἐξέληται</span> at the Lead of the sentence. Christ gave his own very self for this end, that he might <span class="accented">deliver</span> us out of this wretched state of things to which we belonged. But the reactionary movement now showing itself among the Galatians would inevitably, the apostle feels (see <a href="/galatians/5-4.htm">Galatians 5:4</a>), have the effect of making void this redeeming work of Christ, and of involving them afresh in their original misery. If we adhere to the reading in the Textus Receptus, <span class="greek">τοῦ ἐνεστῶτος αἰῶνος</span> <span class="greek">πονηροῦ</span>, we had best, perhaps, accept Winer's proposal ('Gram. N. T.,' § 20, 1 <span class="accented">a</span>), and explain the absence of the article by supposing <span class="greek">αἰὼν</span> <span class="greek">πονηριὸς</span> as forming one notion, as in the case of <span class="greek">βρῶμα πνευματικὸν</span> and <span class="greek">πόμα πν</span>. in the Textus Receptus of <a href="/1_corinthians/10-3.htm">1 Corinthians 10:3</a>. But this reading, though grammatically it runs more smoothly than the other, is on that very account the less likely to have been the original one, and seems greatly to blunt the significance of the adjective. May we not detect in this epithet "evil" the sound of a sigh, drawn from the apostle's heart by this flesh worry and disappointment now cropping up for him and for all who cared for the success of the gospel? His feeling seems to be - Oh the weary evilness of this present state! When will it be brought to an end by the appearing of that blissful hope? (comp. <a href="/2_corinthians/5-4.htm">2 Corinthians 5:4</a>). <span class="cmt_word">According to the will of God and our Father</span> (<span class="greek">κατὰ τὸ θέλημα τοῦ</span> <span class="greek">Θεοῦ καὶ πατρὸς ἡμῶν</span>); <span class="accented">according to the will of our God and Father. It is</span>, perhaps, of no great consequence whether we understand this clause as pointing to the whole preceding sentence, "Who gave himself... world," or to the last clause of it, "That he might deliver... world." But the former is the more probable construction: <p><span class="note_emph">(1)</span> there is no reason for restricting it to the last words; <p><span class="note_emph">(2)</span> it is in perfect accordance with the apostle's usual reference of Christ's coming into the world and dying for us to the Father's appointment, that he should here too be understood as referring to this work of delivering grace also. <p>The feeling apparently underlies these words of the apostle, that the Judaizing which he has now before his eyes was both setting itself in opposition to the supreme ordering of "our God" - and <span class="accented">his</span> sovereign "will" who of us shall dare to contravene? - and also thwarting the operation of his <span class="accented">fatherly</span> loving-kindness. For the lack of filial confidence in God's love to us, and the slavish ceremonialism which characterized Judaical legalism, were both of them adjuncts of the unspiritual mind still in bondage to "the flesh" (cf. <a href="/romans/7.htm">Romans 7</a>. and 8.), and therefore part and parcel of "this present world." Comp. <a href="/galatians/3-3.htm">Galatians 3:3</a>; <a href="/galatians/4-3.htm">Galatians 4:3, 8-10</a>; and <a href="/colossians/2-20.htm">Colossians 2:20</a>," Why, as living in the world, do ye subject yourselves to ordinances, Handle not," etc.? As Professor Jowett observes, in this case as well as in the Epistle to the Romans, "The salutation is the proem of the whole Epistle." The expression, "<span class="accented">our</span> God and Father," is pathetic; it is an outcome of the deep complacency with which the apostle cherishes the assurance of God's fatherly love given us in the gospel - a sentiment of complacency stimulated into increased fervency by antagonism to the spiritual mischief confronting him. <span class="accented">Of our God and Father.</span> So Revised Version. This rendering appears decidedly preferable to that given by the Authorized Version, "of God and our Father," though grammatically this latter is confessedly not inadmissible. The like remark applies to all the other passages in the New Testament in which <span class="greek">Θεὸς καὶ Πατὴρ</span> is found followed by a genitive; namely, by <span class="greek">πάντων</span> (<a href="/ephesians/4-6.htm">Ephesians 4:6</a>); by <span class="greek">ἡμῶν</span> as in the passage before us (<a href="/1_thessalonians/1-3.htm">1 Thessalonians 1:3</a>; <a href="/1_thessalonians/3-11.htm">1 Thessalonians 3:11, 13</a>; <a href="/philippians/4-20.htm">Philippians 4:20</a>); by <span class="greek">τοῦ Κυρίου ἡμῶν Ἰησοῦ Ξριστοῦ</span> (<a href="/romans/15-6.htm">Romans 15:6</a>; <a href="/ephesians/1-3.htm">Ephesians 1:3</a>; <a href="/colossians/1-3.htm">Colossians 1:3</a>; <a href="/2_corinthians/1-3.htm">2 Corinthians 1:3</a>; <a href="/1_peter/1-3.htm">1 Peter 1:3</a>); by <span class="greek">τοῦ Κυρίου Ἰησοῦ</span> (<a href="/2_corinthians/11-31.htm">2 Corinthians 11:31</a> [L. T. Tr. Rev.; Receptus has <span class="greek">τοῦ Κυρίου</span> <span class="greek">ἡμῶν Ἰησοῦ Ξριστοῦ</span>]; and by <span class="greek">αὐτοῦ</span> (<a href="/revelation/1-6.htm">Revelation 1:6</a>). <span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/commentaries/galatians/1-4.htm">Parallel Commentaries ...</a></span><span class="p"><br /><br /><br /></span><a name="lexicon" id="lexicon"></a><div class="vheading">Greek</div><span class="word">who</span><br /><span class="grk">τοῦ</span> <span class="translit">(tou)</span><br /><span class="parse">Article - Genitive Masculine Singular<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/greek/strongs_3588.htm">Strong's 3588: </a> </span><span class="str2">The, the definite article. Including the feminine he, and the neuter to in all their inflections; the definite article; the.</span><br /><br /><span class="word">gave</span><br /><span class="grk">δόντος</span> <span class="translit">(dontos)</span><br /><span class="parse">Verb - Aorist Participle Active - Genitive Masculine Singular<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/greek/strongs_1325.htm">Strong's 1325: </a> </span><span class="str2">To offer, give; I put, place. A prolonged form of a primary verb; to give.</span><br /><br /><span class="word">Himself</span><br /><span class="grk">ἑαυτὸν</span> <span class="translit">(heauton)</span><br /><span class="parse">Reflexive Pronoun - Accusative Masculine 3rd Person Singular<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/greek/strongs_1438.htm">Strong's 1438: </a> </span><span class="str2">Himself, herself, itself. </span><br /><br /><span class="word">for</span><br /><span class="grk">ὑπὲρ</span> <span class="translit">(hyper)</span><br /><span class="parse">Preposition<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/greek/strongs_5228.htm">Strong's 5228: </a> </span><span class="str2">Gen: in behalf of; acc: above. </span><br /><br /><span class="word">our</span><br /><span class="grk">ἡμῶν</span> <span class="translit">(hēmōn)</span><br /><span class="parse">Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Genitive 1st Person Plural<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/greek/strongs_1473.htm">Strong's 1473: </a> </span><span class="str2">I, the first-person pronoun. A primary pronoun of the first person I.</span><br /><br /><span class="word">sins</span><br /><span class="grk">ἁμαρτιῶν</span> <span class="translit">(hamartiōn)</span><br /><span class="parse">Noun - Genitive Feminine Plural<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/greek/strongs_266.htm">Strong's 266: </a> </span><span class="str2">From hamartano; a sin.</span><br /><br /><span class="word">to</span><br /><span class="grk">ὅπως</span> <span class="translit">(hopōs)</span><br /><span class="parse">Conjunction<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/greek/strongs_3704.htm">Strong's 3704: </a> </span><span class="str2">From hos and pos; what(-ever) how, i.e. In the manner that (as adverb or conjunction of coincidence, intentional or actual).</span><br /><br /><span class="word">rescue</span><br /><span class="grk">ἐξέληται</span> <span class="translit">(exelētai)</span><br /><span class="parse">Verb - Aorist Subjunctive Middle - 3rd Person Singular<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/greek/strongs_1807.htm">Strong's 1807: </a> </span><span class="str2">From ek and haireomai; actively, to tear out; middle voice, to select; figuratively, to release.</span><br /><br /><span class="word">us</span><br /><span class="grk">ἡμᾶς</span> <span class="translit">(hēmas)</span><br /><span class="parse">Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Accusative 1st Person Plural<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/greek/strongs_1473.htm">Strong's 1473: </a> </span><span class="str2">I, the first-person pronoun. A primary pronoun of the first person I.</span><br /><br /><span class="word">from</span><br /><span class="grk">ἐκ</span> <span class="translit">(ek)</span><br /><span class="parse">Preposition<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/greek/strongs_1537.htm">Strong's 1537: </a> </span><span class="str2">From out, out from among, from, suggesting from the interior outwards. A primary preposition denoting origin, from, out.</span><br /><br /><span class="word">the</span><br /><span class="grk">τοῦ</span> <span class="translit">(tou)</span><br /><span class="parse">Article - Genitive Masculine Singular<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/greek/strongs_3588.htm">Strong's 3588: </a> </span><span class="str2">The, the definite article. Including the feminine he, and the neuter to in all their inflections; the definite article; the.</span><br /><br /><span class="word">present</span><br /><span class="grk">ἐνεστῶτος</span> <span class="translit">(enestōtos)</span><br /><span class="parse">Verb - Perfect Participle Active - Genitive Masculine Singular<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/greek/strongs_1764.htm">Strong's 1764: </a> </span><span class="str2">From en and histemi; to place on hand, i.e. impend, be instant.</span><br /><br /><span class="word">evil</span><br /><span class="grk">πονηροῦ</span> <span class="translit">(ponērou)</span><br /><span class="parse">Adjective - Genitive Masculine Singular<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/greek/strongs_4190.htm">Strong's 4190: </a> </span><span class="str2">Evil, bad, wicked, malicious, slothful. </span><br /><br /><span class="word">age,</span><br /><span class="grk">αἰῶνος</span> <span class="translit">(aiōnos)</span><br /><span class="parse">Noun - Genitive Masculine Singular<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/greek/strongs_165.htm">Strong's 165: </a> </span><span class="str2">From the same as aei; properly, an age; by extension, perpetuity; by implication, the world; specially a Messianic period.</span><br /><br /><span class="word">according to</span><br /><span class="grk">κατὰ</span> <span class="translit">(kata)</span><br /><span class="parse">Preposition<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/greek/strongs_2596.htm">Strong's 2596: </a> </span><span class="str2">A primary particle; down, in varied relations (genitive, dative or accusative) with which it is joined).</span><br /><br /><span class="word">the</span><br /><span class="grk">τὸ</span> <span class="translit">(to)</span><br /><span class="parse">Article - Accusative Neuter Singular<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/greek/strongs_3588.htm">Strong's 3588: </a> </span><span class="str2">The, the definite article. Including the feminine he, and the neuter to in all their inflections; the definite article; the.</span><br /><br /><span class="word">will</span><br /><span class="grk">θέλημα</span> <span class="translit">(thelēma)</span><br /><span class="parse">Noun - Accusative Neuter Singular<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/greek/strongs_2307.htm">Strong's 2307: </a> </span><span class="str2">An act of will, will; plur: wishes, desires. From the prolonged form of ethelo; a determination, i.e. choice or inclination.</span><br /><br /><span class="word">of our</span><br /><span class="grk">ἡμῶν</span> <span class="translit">(hēmōn)</span><br /><span class="parse">Personal / Possessive Pronoun - Genitive 1st Person Plural<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/greek/strongs_1473.htm">Strong's 1473: </a> </span><span class="str2">I, the first-person pronoun. A primary pronoun of the first person I.</span><br /><br /><span class="word">God</span><br /><span class="grk">Θεοῦ</span> <span class="translit">(Theou)</span><br /><span class="parse">Noun - Genitive Masculine Singular<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/greek/strongs_2316.htm">Strong's 2316: </a> </span><span class="str2">A deity, especially the supreme Divinity; figuratively, a magistrate; by Hebraism, very.</span><br /><br /><span class="word">and</span><br /><span class="grk">καὶ</span> <span class="translit">(kai)</span><br /><span class="parse">Conjunction<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/greek/strongs_2532.htm">Strong's 2532: </a> </span><span class="str2">And, even, also, namely. </span><br /><br /><span class="word">Father,</span><br /><span class="grk">Πατρὸς</span> <span class="translit">(Patros)</span><br /><span class="parse">Noun - Genitive Masculine Singular<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/greek/strongs_3962.htm">Strong's 3962: </a> </span><span class="str2">Father, (Heavenly) Father, ancestor, elder, senior. Apparently a primary word; a 'father'.</span><br /><span class="p"><br /><br /></span><div class="vheading">Links</div><a href="/niv/galatians/1-4.htm">Galatians 1:4 NIV</a><br /><a href="/nlt/galatians/1-4.htm">Galatians 1:4 NLT</a><br /><a href="/esv/galatians/1-4.htm">Galatians 1:4 ESV</a><br /><a href="/nasb/galatians/1-4.htm">Galatians 1:4 NASB</a><br /><a href="/kjv/galatians/1-4.htm">Galatians 1:4 KJV</a><span class="p"><br /><br /></span><a href="//bibleapps.com/galatians/1-4.htm">Galatians 1:4 BibleApps.com</a><br /><a href="//bibliaparalela.com/galatians/1-4.htm">Galatians 1:4 Biblia Paralela</a><br /><a href="//holybible.com.cn/galatians/1-4.htm">Galatians 1:4 Chinese Bible</a><br /><a href="//saintebible.com/galatians/1-4.htm">Galatians 1:4 French Bible</a><br /><a href="/catholic/galatians/1-4.htm">Galatians 1:4 Catholic Bible</a><span class="p"><br /><br /></span><a href="/galatians/1-4.htm">NT Letters: Galatians 1:4 Who gave himself for our sins that (Gal. 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