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data-file-height=\"2149\" /\u003E\u003C/a\u003E\u003Cfigcaption\u003E\u003C/figcaption\u003E\u003C/figure\u003E\n\u003Cp\u003EСе известуваат сите заинтересирани уредници дека во периодот од 4 ноември до 3 декември 2024 година се одржува \u003Ca href=\"/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0:%D0%A3%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B4%D1%83%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%87%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8\" title=\"Википедија:Уредувачки натпревари\"\u003Eуредувачки натпревар\u003C/a\u003E за \u003Cb\u003E\u003Ca href=\"/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0:%D0%A3%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B4%D1%83%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%87%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8/%D0%A1%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B4%D1%83%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%9A%D0%B5_(2024)\" title=\"Википедија:Уредувачки натпревари/Средување (2024)\"\u003Eсредување на статии\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/b\u003E. Прочитајте ги правилата и вклучете се!\n\u003C/p\u003E\u003C/div\u003E\u003C/div\u003E\u003C/div\u003E\u003C/div\u003E\u003C/div\u003E";}}());</script></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Мрежно место"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Содржина" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Содржина</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">премести во страничникот</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">скриј</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Почеток</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Примери_на_хидролиза" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Примери_на_хидролиза"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Примери на хидролиза</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Примери_на_хидролиза-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Префрли на пододделот Примери на хидролиза</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Примери_на_хидролиза-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Хидролиза_на_метални_соли" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Хидролиза_на_метални_соли"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Хидролиза на метални соли</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Хидролиза_на_метални_соли-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Хидролиза_на_естерска_врска" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Хидролиза_на_естерска_врска"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>Хидролиза на естерска врска</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Хидролиза_на_естерска_врска-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Хидролиза_на_амидни_врски" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Хидролиза_на_амидни_врски"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3</span> <span>Хидролиза на амидни врски</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Хидролиза_на_амидни_врски-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Неповратноста_на_хидролизата_под_физиолошки_услови" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Неповратноста_на_хидролизата_под_физиолошки_услови"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.4</span> <span>Неповратноста на хидролизата под физиолошки услови</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Неповратноста_на_хидролизата_под_физиолошки_услови-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Поврзано" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Поврзано"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Поврзано</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Поврзано-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Наводи" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Наводи"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Наводи</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Наводи-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Содржина" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Прик./скр. содржина" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Прик./скр. содржина</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Хидролиза</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Појдете на статија на друг јазик. Достапно на 71 јазик" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-71" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">71 јазик</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%D8%AD%D9%84%D9%84_%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%A6%D9%8A" title="تحلل مائي — арапски" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="تحلل مائي" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="арапски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hidr%C3%B3lisis" title="Hidrólisis — астурски" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Hidrólisis" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="астурски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hidroliz" title="Hidroliz — азербејџански" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Hidroliz" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="азербејџански" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%86%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A6%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0_%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%B6%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B2%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%B7%E0%A6%A3" title="আর্দ্র বিশ্লেষণ — бенгалски" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="আর্দ্র বিশ্লেষণ" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="бенгалски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B8%D0%B4%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B7" title="Гидролиз — башкирски" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Гидролиз" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="башкирски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D1%96%D0%B4%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%B7" title="Гідроліз — белоруски" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Гідроліз" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="белоруски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B8%D0%B4%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B0" title="Хидролиза — бугарски" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Хидролиза" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="бугарски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hidroliza" title="Hidroliza — босански" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Hidroliza" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="босански" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hidr%C3%B2lisi" title="Hidròlisi — каталонски" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Hidròlisi" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="каталонски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hydrol%C3%BDza" title="Hydrolýza — чешки" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Hydrolýza" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="чешки" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hydrolyse" title="Hydrolyse — дански" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Hydrolyse" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="дански" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hydrolyse" title="Hydrolyse — германски" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Hydrolyse" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="германски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/H%C3%BCdrol%C3%BC%C3%BCs" title="Hüdrolüüs — естонски" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Hüdrolüüs" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="естонски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A5%CE%B4%CF%81%CF%8C%CE%BB%CF%85%CF%83%CE%B7" title="Υδρόλυση — грчки" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Υδρόλυση" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="грчки" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hydrolysis" title="Hydrolysis — англиски" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Hydrolysis" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="англиски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hidr%C3%B3lisis" title="Hidrólisis — шпански" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Hidrólisis" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="шпански" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hidrolizo" title="Hidrolizo — есперанто" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Hidrolizo" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="есперанто" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hidrolisi" title="Hidrolisi — баскиски" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Hidrolisi" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="баскиски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A2%D8%A8%DA%A9%D8%A7%D9%81%D8%AA" title="آبکافت — персиски" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="آبکافت" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="персиски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hydrolyse" title="Hydrolyse — француски" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Hydrolyse" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="француски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hidreal%C3%BA" title="Hidrealú — ирски" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Hidrealú" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="ирски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hidr%C3%B3lise" title="Hidrólise — галициски" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Hidrólise" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="галициски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EA%B0%80%EC%88%98%EB%B6%84%ED%95%B4" title="가수분해 — корејски" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="가수분해" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="корејски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%80%D5%AB%D5%A4%D6%80%D5%B8%D5%AC%D5%AB%D5%A6" title="Հիդրոլիզ — ерменски" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Հիդրոլիզ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="ерменски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%AF_%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B6%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B7%E0%A4%A3" title="जलीय विश्लेषण — хинди" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="जलीय विश्लेषण" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="хинди" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hidroliza" title="Hidroliza — хрватски" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Hidroliza" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="хрватски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hidrolizo" title="Hidrolizo — идо" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Hidrolizo" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="идо" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hidrolisis" title="Hidrolisis — индонезиски" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Hidrolisis" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="индонезиски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Idrolisi" title="Idrolisi — италијански" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Idrolisi" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="италијански" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%94%D7%99%D7%93%D7%A8%D7%95%D7%9C%D7%99%D7%96%D7%94" title="הידרוליזה — хебрејски" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="הידרוליזה" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="хебрејски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%B0%E1%83%98%E1%83%93%E1%83%A0%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98%E1%83%96%E1%83%98" title="ჰიდროლიზი — грузиски" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ჰიდროლიზი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="грузиски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B8%D0%B4%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B7" title="Гидролиз — казашки" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Гидролиз" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="казашки" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/Idwoliz" title="Idwoliz — хаитски" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="Idwoliz" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="хаитски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kreyòl ayisyen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B8%D0%B4%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B7" title="Гидролиз — киргиски" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Гидролиз" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="киргиски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hydrolysis" title="Hydrolysis — латински" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Hydrolysis" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="латински" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hidrol%C4%ABze" title="Hidrolīze — латвиски" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Hidrolīze" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="латвиски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hidroliz%C4%97" title="Hidrolizė — литвански" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Hidrolizė" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="литвански" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hidrol%C3%ADzis" title="Hidrolízis — унгарски" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Hidrolízis" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="унгарски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%9C%E0%B4%B2%E0%B4%B5%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%B6%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B2%E0%B5%87%E0%B4%B7%E0%B4%A3%E0%B4%82" title="ജലവിശ്ലേഷണം — малајалски" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="ജലവിശ്ലേഷണം" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="малајалски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hidrolisis" title="Hidrolisis — малајски" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Hidrolisis" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="малајски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B8%D0%B4%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B7" title="Гидролиз — монголски" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Гидролиз" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="монголски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hydrolyse" title="Hydrolyse — холандски" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Hydrolyse" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="холандски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%8A%A0%E6%B0%B4%E5%88%86%E8%A7%A3" title="加水分解 — јапонски" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="加水分解" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="јапонски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hydrolyse" title="Hydrolyse — норвешки букмол" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Hydrolyse" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="норвешки букмол" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Idrolisi" title="Idrolisi — окситански" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Idrolisi" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="окситански" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gidroliz" title="Gidroliz — узбечки" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Gidroliz" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="узбечки" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hydrolyys" title="Hydrolyys — долногермански" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Hydrolyys" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="долногермански" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hydroliza" title="Hydroliza — полски" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Hydroliza" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="полски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hidr%C3%B3lise" title="Hidrólise — португалски" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Hidrólise" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="португалски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reac%C8%9Bie_de_hidroliz%C4%83" title="Reacție de hidroliză — романски" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Reacție de hidroliză" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="романски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B8%D0%B4%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B7" title="Гидролиз — руски" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Гидролиз" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="руски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hidroliza" title="Hidroliza — албански" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Hidroliza" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="албански" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hydrolysis" title="Hydrolysis — Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Hydrolysis" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hydrol%C3%BDza" title="Hydrolýza — словачки" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Hydrolýza" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="словачки" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hidroliza" title="Hidroliza — словенечки" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Hidroliza" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="словенечки" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A6%D8%A7%D9%88%DB%8E%D9%86" title="ئاوێن — централнокурдски" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="ئاوێن" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="централнокурдски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B8%D0%B4%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B0" title="Хидролиза — српски" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Хидролиза" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="српски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hidroliza" title="Hidroliza — српскохрватски" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Hidroliza" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="српскохрватски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hidrolisis" title="Hidrolisis — сундски" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Hidrolisis" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="сундски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hydrolyysi" title="Hydrolyysi — фински" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Hydrolyysi" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="фински" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hydrolys" title="Hydrolys — шведски" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Hydrolys" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="шведски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%A8%E0%AF%80%E0%AE%B0%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%B1%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%AA%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%A4%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%A4%E0%AE%B2%E0%AF%8D" title="நீராற்பகுத்தல் — тамилски" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="நீராற்பகுத்தல்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="тамилски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B8%D0%B4%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B7" title="Гидролиз — татарски" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Гидролиз" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="татарски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%9C%E0%B0%B2%E0%B0%B5%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%B6%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%B7%E0%B0%A3" title="జలవిశ్లేషణ — телугу" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="జలవిశ్లేషణ" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="телугу" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hidroliz" title="Hidroliz — турски" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Hidroliz" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="турски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D1%96%D0%B4%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%B7" title="Гідроліз — украински" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Гідроліз" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="украински" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A2%D8%A8_%D9%BE%D8%A7%D8%B4%DB%8C%D8%AF%DA%AF%DB%8C" title="آب پاشیدگی — урду" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="آب پاشیدگی" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="урду" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Th%E1%BB%A7y_ph%C3%A2n" title="Thủy phân — виетнамски" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Thủy phân" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="виетнамски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%B0%B4%E8%A7%A3" title="水解 — ву" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="水解" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="ву" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%B0%B4%E8%A7%A3" title="水解 — кантонски" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="水解" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="кантонски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%B0%B4%E8%A7%A3" title="水解 — кинески" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="水解" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="кинески" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a 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[h]" accesskey="h"><span>Историја</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Алатки за страници"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="алатник" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">алатник</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Алатки</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">премести во страничникот</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">скриј</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="Повеќе можности" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Дејства </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B8%D0%B4%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B0"><span>Читај</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-ve-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A5%D0%B8%D0%B4%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B0&veaction=edit" title="Уредете ја страницава [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Уреди</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="collapsible vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A5%D0%B8%D0%B4%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B0&action=edit" title="Уредување на изворниот код на страницава [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Уреди извор</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A5%D0%B8%D0%B4%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B0&action=history"><span>Историја</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Општо 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href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%B0:%D0%A1%D0%BB%D1%83%D0%B6%D0%B1%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%A1%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B8" title="Список на сите службени страници [q]" accesskey="q"><span>Службени страници</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A5%D0%B8%D0%B4%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B0&oldid=5228381" title="Постојана врска до оваа преработка на страницата"><span>Постојана врска</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A5%D0%B8%D0%B4%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B0&action=info" title="Повеќе информации за страницата"><span>Информации за страницата</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A1%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%B0:%D0%9D%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B4&page=%D0%A5%D0%B8%D0%B4%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B0&id=5228381&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Информации како 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</div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-create_a_book" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A1%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%B0:%D0%9A%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B3%D0%B0&bookcmd=book_creator&referer=%D0%A5%D0%B8%D0%B4%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B0"><span>Создај книга</span></a></li><li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A1%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%B0:DownloadAsPdf&page=%D0%A5%D0%B8%D0%B4%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B0&action=show-download-screen"><span>Преземи како PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A5%D0%B8%D0%B4%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B0&printable=yes" title="Верзија за печатење на оваа страница [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Верзија за печатење</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> На други проекти </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Hydrolyses" hreflang="en"><span>Ризница</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q103135" title="Врска до поврзаниот предмет во складиштето за податоци [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Предмет на Википодатоци</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Алатки за страници"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Изглед"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Изглед</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">премести во страничникот</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">скриј</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Од Википедија — слободната енциклопедија</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="mk" dir="ltr"><dl><dd><dl><dd><i>Да не се помеша со <a href="/wiki/%D0%95%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B0" title="Електролиза">електролиза</a>, честиот метод за производство на гасовит водород од вода.</i></dd></dl></dd></dl> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><span><video id="mwe_player_0" 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src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/01/77._%D0%94%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%82%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B0_%D0%B8_%D1%85%D0%B8%D0%B4%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B0_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%83%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%83%D0%BC_%D1%84%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%84%D0%B8%D0%B4.ogg/77._%D0%94%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%82%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B0_%D0%B8_%D1%85%D0%B8%D0%B4%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B0_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%83%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%83%D0%BC_%D1%84%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%84%D0%B8%D0%B4.ogg.360p.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp8, vorbis"" data-transcodekey="360p.webm" data-width="640" data-height="360" /></video></span><figcaption>Директна <a href="/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B0" title="Хемиска синтеза">синтеза</a> и хидролиза на <a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BB%D1%83%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%83%D0%BC_%D1%84%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%84%D0%B8%D0%B4" title="Алуминиум фосфид">алуминиум фосфид</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p><b>Хидролиза</b> (од <a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B3%D1%80%D1%87%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D1%98%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BA" title="Старогрчки јазик">старогрчкиот</a> хидро- '<a href="/wiki/%D0%92%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B0" title="Вода">вода</a>', и лисис 'да одврзе') ― <a href="/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B0%D0%BA%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0" title="Хемиска реакција">хемиска реакција</a> во која една <a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%B0" title="Молекула">молекула</a> се дели на два дела при реакција со молекула на <a href="/wiki/%D0%92%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B0" title="Вода">вода</a>, која има <a href="/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D1%84%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BC%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%B0" title="Хемиска формула">хемиска формула</a> <a href="/wiki/%D0%92%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4" title="Водород">H</a><sub>2</sub><a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4" title="Кислород">O</a>. Еден од деловите на поделената молекула добива OH<sup>-</sup> <a href="/wiki/%D0%88%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Јон">јон</a> од молекулата на водата, додека другиот дел добива H<sup>+</sup> јон од водата. Поимот е користен нашироко за <a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%83%D0%BF%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%82%D1%83%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0_(%D1%85%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0)" title="Супституција (хемија)">супституциски</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%95%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B0%D0%BA%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Елиминациска реакција (страницата не постои)">елиминација</a> и <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A1%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Солвација (страницата не постои)">солвациски</a> реакции во кои водата е <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9D%D1%83%D0%BA%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BE%D1%84%D0%B8%D0%BB&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Нуклеофил (страницата не постои)">нуклеофил</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Оваа реакција е различна од реакцијата на <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A5%D0%B8%D0%B4%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Хидратација (страницата не постои)">хидратација</a>, во која водените молекули се <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Адиција (страницата не постои)">адираат</a> на супстанца, но делење на молекулата воопшто не се случува. Во <a href="/wiki/%D0%9E%D1%80%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D1%85%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0" title="Органска хемија">органската хемија</a>, хидролизата може да се смета како спротивен процес на <a href="/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B5%D0%B0%D0%BA%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0" class="mw-redirect" title="Реакција на кондензација">реакцијата на кондензација</a>, процес во кој два молекуларни фрагменти се спојуваат за сметка на секоја молекула вода која се создава. Бидејќи хидролизата е повратна реакција, кондензацијата и хидролизата може да се случат во исто време, со положбата на рамнотежа која ја детерминира количината на секој производ. Во <a href="/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B5%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D1%85%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0" title="Неорганска хемија">неорганската хемија</a>, овој збор често се користи за <a href="/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%BE%D1%80" title="Раствор">раствори</a> на <a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B8" title="Соли">соли</a> и реакциите при кои тие се претвораат во нови јонски соединенија или во талози (<a href="/wiki/%D0%9E%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%B4" title="Оксид">оксиди</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B8%D0%B4%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%B4" title="Хидроксид">хидроксиди</a> или соли). Некои примери на хидролиза се објаснети подолу. </p><p>Резултатот на протолитичка реакција меѓу вода и сол на силна киселина и слаба база, средината ќе биде кисела, додека резултатот на протолитичката реакција меѓу вода и сол на слаба киселина и силна база ќе биде базна средина. Меѓутоа, сите соли не се хидролизираат. На пример, ако се работи за сол образувана од силна киселина и силна база (како што е <a href="/wiki/%D0%93%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%BB" title="Готварска сол">натриум хлоридот</a>), водните раствори се неутрални, т.е. кај нив концентрациите на хидроните и на негативните OH-јони се еднакви. Имено, катјоните што се образуваат при дисоцијацијата на ваква сол не донатори на протони, а анјоните не се (или се сосем слаби) акцептори на протони, така што не може да настане протолитичка реакција. Според тоа, во водните раствори на соли образувани од силна киселина и силна база нема да дојде до хидролиза.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Примери_на_хидролиза"><span id=".D0.9F.D1.80.D0.B8.D0.BC.D0.B5.D1.80.D0.B8_.D0.BD.D0.B0_.D1.85.D0.B8.D0.B4.D1.80.D0.BE.D0.BB.D0.B8.D0.B7.D0.B0"></span>Примери на хидролиза</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A5%D0%B8%D0%B4%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B0&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Уреди го одделот „Примери на хидролиза“" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>уреди</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A5%D0%B8%D0%B4%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B0&action=edit&section=1" title="Уреди изворен код на одделот: Примери на хидролиза"><span>уреди извор</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Хидролиза_на_метални_соли"><span id=".D0.A5.D0.B8.D0.B4.D1.80.D0.BE.D0.BB.D0.B8.D0.B7.D0.B0_.D0.BD.D0.B0_.D0.BC.D0.B5.D1.82.D0.B0.D0.BB.D0.BD.D0.B8_.D1.81.D0.BE.D0.BB.D0.B8"></span>Хидролиза на метални соли</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A5%D0%B8%D0%B4%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B0&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Уреди го одделот „Хидролиза на метални соли“" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>уреди</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A5%D0%B8%D0%B4%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B0&action=edit&section=2" title="Уреди изворен код на одделот: Хидролиза на метални соли"><span>уреди извор</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Многу метални јони се силни <a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Киселина">Луисови киселини</a> и во вода тие може да подлежат на хидролиза при што се образуваат <i>базни соли</i>. Таквите соли содржат <a href="/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B8%D0%B4%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%B3%D1%80%D1%83%D0%BF%D0%B0" class="mw-redirect" title="Хидроксилна група">хидроксилна група</a> која е директно поврзана со металниот јон на местото на водна <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9B%D0%B8%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Лиганда (страницата не постои)">лиганда</a>. На пример, <a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BB%D1%83%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%83%D0%BC_%D1%85%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B4" title="Алуминиум хлорид">алуминиум хлоридот</a> подлежи на екстензивна хидролиза во вода, таква што <a href="/wiki/PH" class="mw-redirect" title="PH">pH</a> на растворот постанува мошне кисела: </p><p><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle {\ce {{[Al(H2O)6]^{3+}}+H2O<=>{[Al(OH)(H2O)5]^{2+}}+H3O+}}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <msup> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mo stretchy="false">[</mo> <mtext>Al</mtext> <msubsup> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <msubsup> <mtext>H</mtext> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mspace width="0pt" height="0pt" depth=".2em" /> </mrow> </msubsup> <mtext>O</mtext> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>6</mn> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mspace width="0pt" height="0pt" depth=".2em" /> </mrow> </msubsup> <mo stretchy="false">]</mo> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>3</mn> <mspace width="thinmathspace" /> <mo>+</mo> </mrow> </msup> </mrow> <mo>+</mo> <msubsup> <mtext>H</mtext> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mspace width="0pt" height="0pt" depth=".2em" /> </mrow> </msubsup> <mtext>O</mtext> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-REL"> <mover> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-OP MJX-fixedlimits"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mpadded height="0" depth="0"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mo stretchy="false">↽</mo> </mrow> <mspace width="negativethinmathspace" /> <mspace width="negativethinmathspace" /> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mo>−</mo> </mrow> </mpadded> </mrow> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="false" scriptlevel="0"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mo>−</mo> </mrow> <mspace width="negativethinmathspace" /> <mspace width="negativethinmathspace" /> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mo stretchy="false">⇀</mo> </mrow> </mrow> </mstyle> </mrow> </mover> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <msup> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mo stretchy="false">[</mo> <mtext>Al</mtext> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mtext>OH</mtext> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> <msubsup> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <msubsup> <mtext>H</mtext> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mspace width="0pt" height="0pt" depth=".2em" /> </mrow> </msubsup> <mtext>O</mtext> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>5</mn> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mspace width="0pt" height="0pt" depth=".2em" /> </mrow> </msubsup> <mo stretchy="false">]</mo> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>2</mn> <mspace width="thinmathspace" /> <mo>+</mo> </mrow> </msup> </mrow> <mo>+</mo> <msubsup> <mtext>H</mtext> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>3</mn> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mspace width="0pt" height="0pt" depth=".2em" /> </mrow> </msubsup> <msup> <mtext>O</mtext> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mo>+</mo> </mrow> </msup> </mrow> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle {\ce {{[Al(H2O)6]^{3+}}+H2O<=>{[Al(OH)(H2O)5]^{2+}}+H3O+}}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/d9a1eeb5b3d8da8d14de06c7ae0a285c6f24b092" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -1.005ex; width:54.156ex; height:3.509ex;" alt="{\displaystyle {\ce {{[Al(H2O)6]^{3+}}+H2O<=>{[Al(OH)(H2O)5]^{2+}}+H3O+}}}"></span> </p><p>Ова значи дека доколку растворите на AlCl<sub>3</sub> евапорираат, <a href="/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BA%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0" class="mw-redirect" title="Хлороводородна киселина">хлороводородната киселина</a> се губи и резултатот е базна сол (во овој случај, <i>оксихлорид</i>) наместо AlCl<sub>3</sub>. Вакво хемиско однесување се огледува и кај други метални хлориди, како <a href="/wiki/%D0%A6%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%BA_%D1%85%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B4" title="Цинк хлорид">ZnCl<sub>2</sub></a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%98(II)_%D1%85%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B4" title="Калај(II) хлорид">SnCl<sub>2</sub></a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%96%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%BE(III)_%D1%85%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B4" title="Железо(III) хлорид">FeCl<sub>3</sub></a> и лантаноидните халиди, како <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%94%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B8%D1%83%D0%BC(III)_%D1%85%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B4&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Диспрозиум(III) хлорид (страницата не постои)">DyCl<sub>3</sub></a>. Со некои соединенија, како <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A2%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%83%D0%BC_%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%85%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B4&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Титаниум тетрахлорид (страницата не постои)">TiO<sub>4</sub></a>, хидролизата може целосно да се одвива и се формира чист хидроксид или оксид, во овој случај <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A2%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%83%D0%BC_%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%B4&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Титаниум диоксид (страницата не постои)">TiO<sub>2</sub></a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Хидролиза_на_естерска_врска"><span id=".D0.A5.D0.B8.D0.B4.D1.80.D0.BE.D0.BB.D0.B8.D0.B7.D0.B0_.D0.BD.D0.B0_.D0.B5.D1.81.D1.82.D0.B5.D1.80.D1.81.D0.BA.D0.B0_.D0.B2.D1.80.D1.81.D0.BA.D0.B0"></span>Хидролиза на естерска врска</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A5%D0%B8%D0%B4%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B0&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Уреди го одделот „Хидролиза на естерска врска“" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>уреди</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A5%D0%B8%D0%B4%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B0&action=edit&section=3" title="Уреди изворен код на одделот: Хидролиза на естерска врска"><span>уреди извор</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Во хидролитичка реакција при која се раскинува <a href="/wiki/%D0%95%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80" title="Естер">естерска</a> врска, еден хидролитички производ содржи <a href="/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B8%D0%B4%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%B3%D1%80%D1%83%D0%BF%D0%B0" class="mw-redirect" title="Хидроксилна група">хидроксилна</a> <a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%BA%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%B3%D1%80%D1%83%D0%BF%D0%B0" title="Функционална група">функционална група</a>, додека другиот содржи <a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B1%D0%BE%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%B3%D1%80%D1%83%D0%BF%D0%B0" class="mw-redirect" title="Карбоксилна група">карбоксилна група</a>. </p><p>Делот (фрагментот) од родителската молекула кој првобитно бил <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B1%D0%BE%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%82&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Карбоксилат (страницата не постои)">карбоксилат</a> добива <a href="/wiki/%D0%92%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4" title="Водород">водороден</a> јон од додатна молекула на вода. Делот, пак, кој бил првобитно <a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BB%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BB" title="Алкил">алкил</a> група ја собира останатата хидроксилна група од водената молекула. Ова е делотворно обратен процес на <a href="/wiki/%D0%95%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%84%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0" title="Естерификација">естерификацијата</a>, при што се добива оригиналниот <a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BB%D0%BA%D0%BE%D1%85%D0%BE%D0%BB" title="Алкохол">алкохол</a> и <a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B1%D0%BE%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BA%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Карбоксилна киселина">карбоксилна киселина</a> повторно. </p><p>Постојат два главни методи за хидролиза на естри, <a href="/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B0_(%D1%85%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0)" title="База (хемија)">базната</a> хидролиза и <a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Киселина">киселинско</a> - <a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80" title="Катализатор">катализираната</a>. При киселинско - катализираната хидролиза се користи разредена киселина за да ја протонира <a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B1%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%B3%D1%80%D1%83%D0%BF%D0%B0" title="Карбонилна група">карбонилната група</a> со цел да ја активира кон <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9D%D1%83%D0%BA%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BE%D1%84%D0%B8%D0%BB&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Нуклеофил (страницата не постои)">нуклеофилен</a> напад од молекула на вода. Но, повообичаениот метод за естерска хидролиза вклучува рефлуксирање на естерот со водеста база, како штп се <a href="/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%83%D0%BC_%D1%85%D0%B8%D0%B4%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%B4" title="Натриум хидроксид">NaOH</a> или <a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%83%D0%BC_%D1%85%D0%B8%D0%B4%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%B4" title="Калиум хидроксид">KOH</a>. Кога реакцијата е завршена, карбоксилатната сол се <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%84%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ацидификација (страницата не постои)">закиселува</a> при што ја ослободува слободната карбоксилна киселина. </p> <figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File/Frame"><a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%B0:Ester_hydrolysis_mk.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/90/Ester_hydrolysis_mk.svg/869px-Ester_hydrolysis_mk.svg.png" decoding="async" width="869" height="219" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/90/Ester_hydrolysis_mk.svg/1304px-Ester_hydrolysis_mk.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/90/Ester_hydrolysis_mk.svg/1738px-Ester_hydrolysis_mk.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="869" data-file-height="219" /></a><figcaption>Базна хидролиза на естер.</figcaption></figure> <p>Важен пример на оваа реакција е ослободувањето на <a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BA%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Масна киселина">масни киселини</a> од <a href="/wiki/%D0%93%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BD" class="mw-redirect" title="Глицерин">глицерол</a> во <a href="/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B3%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B4" title="Триглицерид">триглицеридната</a> хидролиза, што се случува за време на <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%84%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Сапонификација (страницата не постои)">сапонификацијата</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Хидролиза_на_амидни_врски"><span id=".D0.A5.D0.B8.D0.B4.D1.80.D0.BE.D0.BB.D0.B8.D0.B7.D0.B0_.D0.BD.D0.B0_.D0.B0.D0.BC.D0.B8.D0.B4.D0.BD.D0.B8_.D0.B2.D1.80.D1.81.D0.BA.D0.B8"></span>Хидролиза на амидни врски</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A5%D0%B8%D0%B4%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B0&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Уреди го одделот „Хидролиза на амидни врски“" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>уреди</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A5%D0%B8%D0%B4%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B0&action=edit&section=4" title="Уреди изворен код на одделот: Хидролиза на амидни врски"><span>уреди извор</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Во друга хидролитичка реакција, како што е хидролизата на <a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%B4" title="Амид">амидна</a> врска во карбоксилна киселина и <a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%BD_(%D1%85%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0)" title="Амин (хемија)">амински</a> производ <a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0%D0%BA" title="Амонијак">амонијак</a>, само производот карбоксилна киселина има хидроксилна група добиена од водата. Аминскиот производ (т.е. амонијакот) го добива останатиот водороден јон. Поспецифичен случај на хидролизата на амидна врска е хидролизирање на <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9F%D0%B5%D0%BF%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%B2%D1%80%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Пептидна врска (страницата не постои)">пептидните врски</a> на <a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BA%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Аминокиселина">аминокиселините</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Неповратноста_на_хидролизата_под_физиолошки_услови"><span id=".D0.9D.D0.B5.D0.BF.D0.BE.D0.B2.D1.80.D0.B0.D1.82.D0.BD.D0.BE.D1.81.D1.82.D0.B0_.D0.BD.D0.B0_.D1.85.D0.B8.D0.B4.D1.80.D0.BE.D0.BB.D0.B8.D0.B7.D0.B0.D1.82.D0.B0_.D0.BF.D0.BE.D0.B4_.D1.84.D0.B8.D0.B7.D0.B8.D0.BE.D0.BB.D0.BE.D1.88.D0.BA.D0.B8_.D1.83.D1.81.D0.BB.D0.BE.D0.B2.D0.B8"></span>Неповратноста на хидролизата под физиолошки услови</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A5%D0%B8%D0%B4%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B0&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Уреди го одделот „Неповратноста на хидролизата под физиолошки услови“" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>уреди</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A5%D0%B8%D0%B4%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B0&action=edit&section=5" title="Уреди изворен код на одделот: Неповратноста на хидролизата под физиолошки услови"><span>уреди извор</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Под физиолошки услови (т.е. во разредени водени раствори), хидролитичката реакција на раскинување, каде концентрацијата на метаболитички претходник е ниска (од редот на 10<sup>−3</sup> до 10<sup>−6</sup> молови), е есенцијално термодинамички <a href="/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Термодинамика">неповратна</a>. На пример: </p> <dl><dd>A + H<sub>2</sub>O → X + Y</dd></dl> <dl><dd><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle K_{d}={\frac {\left[X\right]\left[Y\right]}{\left[H_{2}O\right]\left[A\right]}}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <msub> <mi>K</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi>d</mi> </mrow> </msub> <mo>=</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mfrac> <mrow> <mrow> <mo>[</mo> <mi>X</mi> <mo>]</mo> </mrow> <mrow> <mo>[</mo> <mi>Y</mi> <mo>]</mo> </mrow> </mrow> <mrow> <mrow> <mo>[</mo> <mrow> <msub> <mi>H</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> </msub> <mi>O</mi> </mrow> <mo>]</mo> </mrow> <mrow> <mo>[</mo> <mi>A</mi> <mo>]</mo> </mrow> </mrow> </mfrac> </mrow> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle K_{d}={\frac {\left[X\right]\left[Y\right]}{\left[H_{2}O\right]\left[A\right]}}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/b8fea205c065386d62449014cdc8b36d8cb12857" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -2.671ex; width:16.476ex; height:6.509ex;" alt="{\displaystyle K_{d}={\frac {\left[X\right]\left[Y\right]}{\left[H_{2}O\right]\left[A\right]}}}"></span></dd></dl> <p>Претпоставувајќи дека <i>x</i> е крајната концентрација на производите и дека <i>C</i> е почетната концентрација на A, и W = = [H<sub>2</sub>O] = 55.5 мола, тогаш <i>x</i> може да се пресмета со равенката: </p> <dl><dd><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle {\frac {x\times x}{W\left(C-x\right)}}=K_{d}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mfrac> <mrow> <mi>x</mi> <mo>×</mo> <mi>x</mi> </mrow> <mrow> <mi>W</mi> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mrow> <mi>C</mi> <mo>−</mo> <mi>x</mi> </mrow> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </mrow> </mfrac> </mrow> <mo>=</mo> <msub> <mi>K</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi>d</mi> </mrow> </msub> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle {\frac {x\times x}{W\left(C-x\right)}}=K_{d}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/d263ee81d1e68a3d2b56fea50d142e21e2a12013" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -2.671ex; width:17.568ex; height:5.676ex;" alt="{\displaystyle {\frac {x\times x}{W\left(C-x\right)}}=K_{d}}"></span></dd></dl> <p>нека K<sub>d</sub>×W = k: </p><p>тогаш <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle x={\frac {-k+{\sqrt {k^{2}+4kC}}}{2}}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>x</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mfrac> <mrow> <mo>−</mo> <mi>k</mi> <mo>+</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <msqrt> <msup> <mi>k</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> </msup> <mo>+</mo> <mn>4</mn> <mi>k</mi> <mi>C</mi> </msqrt> </mrow> </mrow> <mn>2</mn> </mfrac> </mrow> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle x={\frac {-k+{\sqrt {k^{2}+4kC}}}{2}}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/15f12427dbf8e983f1dfa4d9e226918fadee8dfb" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -1.838ex; width:22.694ex; height:6.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle x={\frac {-k+{\sqrt {k^{2}+4kC}}}{2}}}"></span> </p><p>За вредност од C = 0,001 мола, и k = 1 мол, <i>x</i>/C > 0,999. Помалку од 0,1% од првобитниот реактант ќе биде присутен штом реакцијата ќе заврши. </p><p>Темата за физиолошката неповратност на хидролизата се користи главно во метаболитичките патишта, бидејќи многу биолошки процеси се водени од цепењето на <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D0%BD%D1%85%D0%B8%D0%B4%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B4&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Анхидрид (страницата не постои)">анхидридните</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9F%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%84%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%84%D0%B0%D1%82&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Пирофосфат (страницата не постои)">пирофосфатни</a> врски. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Поврзано"><span id=".D0.9F.D0.BE.D0.B2.D1.80.D0.B7.D0.B0.D0.BD.D0.BE"></span>Поврзано</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A5%D0%B8%D0%B4%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B0&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Уреди го одделот „Поврзано“" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>уреди</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A5%D0%B8%D0%B4%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B0&action=edit&section=6" title="Уреди изворен код на одделот: Поврзано"><span>уреди извор</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r4713919">.mw-parser-output .div-col{margin-top:0.3em;column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .div-col-small{font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .div-col-rules{column-rule:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .div-col dl,.mw-parser-output .div-col ol,.mw-parser-output .div-col ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .div-col li,.mw-parser-output .div-col dd{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}</style><div class="div-col div-col-small"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9A%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D1%85%D0%B8%D0%B4%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Киселинска хидролиза (страницата не постои)">Киселинска хидролиза</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BD_%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%84%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%84%D0%B0%D1%82" title="Аденозин трифосфат">Аденозин трифосфат</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D0%BB%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%85%D0%B8%D0%B4%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Алкална хидролиза (страницата не постои)">Алкална хидролиза</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%BC" title="Катаболизам">Катаболизам</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B0%D0%BA%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0" class="mw-redirect" title="Кондензациска реакција">Кондензациска реакција</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%94%D0%B5%D1%85%D0%B8%D0%B4%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B0%D0%BA%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Дехидрациска реакција (страницата не постои)">Дехидрациска реакција</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A5%D0%B8%D0%B4%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Хидролизиска константа (страницата не постои)">Хидролизиска константа</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%98%D0%BD%D1%85%D0%B8%D0%B1%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%B1%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Инхибиторска белковина (страницата не постои)">Инхибиторска белковина</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9F%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Полимерска деградација (страницата не постои)">Полимерска деградација</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B0" title="Протеолиза">Протеолиза</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%84%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Сапонификација (страницата не постои)">Сапонификација</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A1%D0%BE%D0%BB-%D0%B3%D0%B5%D0%BB&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Сол-гел (страницата не постои)">Полимеризација со сол-гел</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A1%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Солволиза (страницата не постои)">Солволиза</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A2%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%85%D0%B8%D0%B4%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Термална хидролиза (страницата не постои)">Термална хидролиза</a></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Наводи"><span id=".D0.9D.D0.B0.D0.B2.D0.BE.D0.B4.D0.B8"></span>Наводи</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A5%D0%B8%D0%B4%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B0&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Уреди го одделот „Наводи“" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>уреди</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A5%D0%B8%D0%B4%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B0&action=edit&section=7" title="Уреди изворен код на одделот: Наводи"><span>уреди извор</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="reflist" style="list-style-type: decimal;"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-1">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B5%D1%93%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BD_%D1%81%D0%BE%D1%98%D1%83%D0%B7_%D0%B7%D0%B0_%D1%87%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0_%D0%B8_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B0_%D1%85%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0" title="Меѓународен сојуз за чиста и применета хемија">IUPAC</a>, <i><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/LIUPAC_books#Gold_Book" class="extiw" title="en:LIUPAC books">Compendium of Chemical Terminology</a></i>, 2. изд. (the "Gold Book") (1997). Семрежна поправена верзија: (2006–) "<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://goldbook.iupac.org/H02902.html">Hydrolysis</a>". <a href="/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%B7%D0%B0_%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%B3%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%B8_%D0%BE%D0%B1%D1%98%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%82%D0%B8" title="Назнака за дигитални објекти">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1351%2Fgoldbook.H02902">10.1351/goldbook.H02902</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-2">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B5%D1%93%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BD_%D1%81%D0%BE%D1%98%D1%83%D0%B7_%D0%B7%D0%B0_%D1%87%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0_%D0%B8_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B0_%D1%85%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0" title="Меѓународен сојуз за чиста и применета хемија">IUPAC</a>, <i><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/LIUPAC_books#Gold_Book" class="extiw" title="en:LIUPAC books">Compendium of Chemical Terminology</a></i>, 2. изд. (the "Gold Book") (1997). Семрежна поправена верзија: (2006–) "<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://goldbook.iupac.org/S05762.html">Solvolysis</a>". <a href="/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%B7%D0%B0_%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%B3%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%B8_%D0%BE%D0%B1%D1%98%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%82%D0%B8" title="Назнака за дигитални објекти">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1351%2Fgoldbook.S05762">10.1351/goldbook.S05762</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-3">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Бојан Шоптрајанов, <i>Хемија за втора година на реформираното гимназиско образование</i> (петто изменето и дополнето издание). Скопје: Просветно дело, 2009, стр. 83-84.</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <table class="navbox" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td style="padding:2px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group"><a href="/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%B2%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B0" title="Нормативна контрола">Нормативна контрола</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.worldcat.org/identities/lccn-sh85-063464">WorldCat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD_%D0%B1%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%98_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B0_%D0%B1%D0%B8%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Контролен број на Конгресната библиотека">LCCN</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85063464">sh85063464</a></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%9E%D0%B1%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B0_%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%B2%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Обединета нормативна податотека">GND</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://d-nb.info/gnd/4160918-9">4160918-9</a></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%B1%D0%B8%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%A4%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0" title="Национална библиотека на Франција">BNF</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb119814852">cb119814852</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb119814852">(податоци)</a></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BF%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%B1%D0%B8%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%B0_(%D0%88%D0%B0%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0)" title="Национална парламентарна библиотека (Јапонија)">NDL</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.ndl.go.jp/auth/ndlna/00565138">00565138</a></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%B1%D0%B8%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%A7%D0%B5%D1%88%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Национална библиотека на Чешка">NKC</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=ph733803&CON_LNG=ENG">ph733803</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr></tbody></table></div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Преземено од „<a dir="ltr" href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Хидролиза&oldid=5228381">https://mk.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Хидролиза&oldid=5228381</a>“</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%B0:%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B8" title="Специјална:Категории">Категории</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0:%D0%A5%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B0%D0%BA%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B8" title="Категорија:Хемиски реакции">Хемиски реакции</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0:%D0%A0%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%B6%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%85%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0" title="Категорија:Рамнотежна хемија">Рамнотежна хемија</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Скриени категории: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0:%D0%A1%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B8_%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B8_%D0%BA%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%82_%D0%BF%D1%81%D1%82_%D1%81%D0%BE_%D0%BF%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80_small" title="Категорија:Страници кои користат пст со параметар small">Страници кои користат пст со параметар small</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0:%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0:%D0%A1%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%B8_%D1%81%D0%BE_%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%B2%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B0_(LCCN)" title="Категорија:Википедија:Статии со нормативна контрола (LCCN)">Википедија:Статии со нормативна контрола (LCCN)</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0:%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0:%D0%A1%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%B8_%D1%81%D0%BE_%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%B2%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B0_(GND)" title="Категорија:Википедија:Статии со нормативна контрола (GND)">Википедија:Статии со нормативна контрола (GND)</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0:%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0:%D0%A1%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%B8_%D1%81%D0%BE_%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%B2%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B0_(BNF)" title="Категорија:Википедија:Статии со нормативна контрола (BNF)">Википедија:Статии со нормативна контрола (BNF)</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0:%D0%A1%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B8_%D1%88%D1%82%D0%BE_%D0%BA%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%82_%D1%85%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D0%B2%D0%BE_%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BD_%D1%84%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%82" title="Категорија:Страници што користат хемиски ознаки во застарен формат">Страници што користат хемиски ознаки во застарен формат</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> Последната промена на страницава е извршена на 11 јули 2024 г. во 10:22 ч.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Текстот е достапен под условите на лиценцата <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/">Криејтив комонс Наведи извор-Сподели под исти услови</a>. 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