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class="mw-page-title-main">Elaine D. 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id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">American judge (born 1955)</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size: 100%;"><div class="fn" style="font-size:125%;">Elaine Kaplan</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Elaine_D._Kaplan.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Elaine_D._Kaplan.jpg/220px-Elaine_D._Kaplan.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="366" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Elaine_D._Kaplan.jpg/330px-Elaine_D._Kaplan.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Elaine_D._Kaplan.jpg/440px-Elaine_D._Kaplan.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2578" data-file-height="4288" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;">Chief Judge of the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Court_of_Federal_Claims" title="United States Court of Federal Claims">United States Court of Federal Claims</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><div class="skin-nightmode-reset-color" style="width:100%; margin:0; color: black; background-color: lavender"><b><a href="/wiki/Incumbent" title="Incumbent">Incumbent</a></b></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>Assumed office</b></span> <br />March 2, 2021</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Appointed by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/List_of_federal_judges_appointed_by_Joe_Biden" title="List of federal judges appointed by Joe Biden">Joe Biden</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Preceded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Eleni_M._Roumel" title="Eleni M. Roumel">Eleni M. Roumel</a></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;">Judge of the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Court_of_Federal_Claims" title="United States Court of Federal Claims">United States Court of Federal Claims</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><div class="skin-nightmode-reset-color" style="width:100%; margin:0; color: black; background-color: lavender"><b><a href="/wiki/Incumbent" title="Incumbent">Incumbent</a></b></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>Assumed office</b></span> <br />November 6, 2013</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Appointed by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/List_of_federal_judges_appointed_by_Barack_Obama" title="List of federal judges appointed by Barack Obama">Barack Obama</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Preceded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Christine_Odell_Cook_Miller" title="Christine Odell Cook Miller">Christine Odell Cook Miller</a></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;">Director of the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Office_of_Personnel_Management" title="United States Office of Personnel Management">Office of Personnel Management</a><br /><span style="font-size:85%;">Acting</span></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>In office</b></span><br />April 13, 2013 – November 4, 2013</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">President</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Barack_Obama" title="Barack Obama">Barack Obama</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Preceded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/John_Berry_(administrator)" class="mw-redirect" title="John Berry (administrator)">John Berry</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Succeeded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Katherine_Archuleta" title="Katherine Archuleta">Katherine Archuleta</a></td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender">Personal details</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Born</th><td class="infobox-data"><span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday">1955-12-18</span>) </span>December 18, 1955<span class="noprint ForceAgeToShow"> (age 68)</span><br /><a href="/wiki/Brooklyn" title="Brooklyn">Brooklyn</a>, New York, U.S.</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Political party</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Education</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Binghamton_University" title="Binghamton University">Binghamton University</a> (<a href="/wiki/Bachelor_of_Arts" title="Bachelor of Arts">BA</a>)<br /><a href="/wiki/Georgetown_University_Law_Center" title="Georgetown University Law Center">Georgetown University</a> (<a href="/wiki/Juris_Doctor" title="Juris Doctor">JD</a>)</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-below" style="border-top: 1px solid right;"><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Elaine Debra Kaplan</b> (born December 18, 1955) is the <a href="/wiki/Federal_tribunals_in_the_United_States#Article_I_tribunals" title="Federal tribunals in the United States">chief judge</a> of the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Court_of_Federal_Claims" title="United States Court of Federal Claims">United States Court of Federal Claims</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> She served as General Counsel of the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Office_of_Personnel_Management" title="United States Office of Personnel Management">United States Office of Personnel Management</a> from 2009 to 2013, and as acting director of the office in 2013. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Early_life_and_career">Early life and career</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Elaine_D._Kaplan&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Early life and career"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Kaplan was born in 1955 in <a href="/wiki/Brooklyn,_New_York" class="mw-redirect" title="Brooklyn, New York">Brooklyn, New York</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> She received a <a href="/wiki/Bachelor_of_Arts" title="Bachelor of Arts">Bachelor of Arts</a> degree in 1976 from <a href="/wiki/Binghamton_University" title="Binghamton University">Binghamton University</a>. She received a <a href="/wiki/Juris_Doctor" title="Juris Doctor">Juris Doctor</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/Cum_laude" class="mw-redirect" title="Cum laude">cum laude</a></i>, in 1979, from the <a href="/wiki/Georgetown_University_Law_Center" title="Georgetown University Law Center">Georgetown University Law Center</a>. </p><p>She began her career as a staff attorney in the Solicitor's Office of the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Department_of_Labor" title="United States Department of Labor">United States Department of Labor</a>. From 1984–98, she worked for the <a href="/wiki/National_Treasury_Employees_Union" title="National Treasury Employees Union">National Treasury Employees Union</a> (NTEU), with increasing levels of responsibility. In 1998, she was unanimously confirmed by the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Senate" title="United States Senate">Senate</a> to serve as the head of the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Office_of_Special_Counsel" title="United States Office of Special Counsel">United States Office of Special Counsel</a> and served five years in that position.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>From 2003 to 2004, she served as of counsel at the law firm of Bernabei and Katz. From 2004–09, she served as Senior Deputy General Counsel at the NTEU. From 2009–13, she was the General Counsel of the United States Office of Personnel Management.<sup id="cite_ref-whitehouse1_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-whitehouse1-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Kaplan took the office of Acting Director in April 2013, after Director <a href="/wiki/John_Berry_(administrator)" class="mw-redirect" title="John Berry (administrator)">John Berry</a>'s four-year term expired.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Claims_court_service">Claims court service</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Elaine_D._Kaplan&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Claims court service"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>On March 19, 2013, President <a href="/wiki/Barack_Obama" title="Barack Obama">Barack Obama</a> nominated Kaplan to serve as a Judge of the United States Court of Federal Claims, to the seat vacated by Judge <a href="/wiki/Christine_Odell_Cook_Miller" title="Christine Odell Cook Miller">Christine Odell Cook Miller</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-whitehouse1_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-whitehouse1-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/United_States_Senate_Committee_on_the_Judiciary" title="United States Senate Committee on the Judiciary">Senate Judiciary Committee</a> held a hearing on her nomination on May 8, 2013, and reported her nomination to the floor by <a href="/wiki/Voice_vote" title="Voice vote">voice vote</a> on June 6, 2013.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Her nomination was confirmed on September 17, 2013 by a 64–35 vote.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> She took the oath of office from Chief Judge <a href="/wiki/Patricia_E._Campbell-Smith" title="Patricia E. Campbell-Smith">Patricia E. Campbell-Smith</a> on November 6, 2013.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On March 2, 2021, President <a href="/wiki/Joe_Biden" title="Joe Biden">Joe Biden</a> designated Kaplan as Chief Judge.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:0_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Personal_life">Personal life</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Elaine_D._Kaplan&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Personal life"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Kaplan is open about her <a href="/wiki/Lesbian" title="Lesbian">lesbian</a> identity.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Elaine_D._Kaplan&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_LGBT_jurists_in_the_United_States" title="List of LGBT jurists in the United States">List of LGBT jurists in the United States</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Elaine_D._Kaplan&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-:0-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:0_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.uscfc.uscourts.gov/elaine-d-kaplan">"Elaine D. Kaplan | US Court of Federal Claims"</a>. <i>www.uscfc.uscourts.gov</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220514014953/http://www.uscfc.uscourts.gov/elaine-d-kaplan">Archived</a> from the original on 2022-05-14<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2022-05-11</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.uscfc.uscourts.gov&rft.atitle=Elaine+D.+Kaplan+%7C+US+Court+of+Federal+Claims&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.uscfc.uscourts.gov%2Felaine-d-kaplan&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AElaine+D.+Kaplan" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.fjc.gov/node/6986">Elaine D. Kaplan</a> at the <i><a href="/wiki/Biographical_Directory_of_Federal_Judges" title="Biographical Directory of Federal Judges">Biographical Directory of Federal Judges</a></i>, a publication of the <a href="/wiki/Federal_Judicial_Center" title="Federal Judicial Center">Federal Judicial Center</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLou_Chibbaro_Jr.2013" class="citation web cs1">Lou Chibbaro Jr. (March 20, 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.washingtonblade.com/2013/03/20/gay-news-obama-nominates-lesbian-attorney-for-judgeship/">"Obama nominates lesbian attorney for judgeship"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Washington_Blade" title="Washington Blade">Washington Blade</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180923055020/http://www.washingtonblade.com/2013/03/20/gay-news-obama-nominates-lesbian-attorney-for-judgeship/">Archived</a> from the original on September 23, 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 31,</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Obama+nominates+lesbian+attorney+for+judgeship&rft.pub=Washington+Blade&rft.date=2013-03-20&rft.au=Lou+Chibbaro+Jr.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.washingtonblade.com%2F2013%2F03%2F20%2Fgay-news-obama-nominates-lesbian-attorney-for-judgeship%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AElaine+D.+Kaplan" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-whitehouse1-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-whitehouse1_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-whitehouse1_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://obamawhitehouse.archives.gov/the-press-office/2013/03/19/president-obama-nominates-two-serve-us-court-federal-claims">"President Obama Nominates Two to Serve on the U.S. Court of Federal Claims"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Whitehouse.gov" title="Whitehouse.gov">whitehouse.gov</a></i>. 2013-03-19. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20181126112239/https://obamawhitehouse.archives.gov/the-press-office/2013/03/19/president-obama-nominates-two-serve-us-court-federal-claims">Archived</a> from the original on 2018-11-26<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2017-04-01</span></span> – via <a href="/wiki/NARA" class="mw-redirect" title="NARA">National Archives</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=whitehouse.gov&rft.atitle=President+Obama+Nominates+Two+to+Serve+on+the+U.S.+Court+of+Federal+Claims&rft.date=2013-03-19&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fobamawhitehouse.archives.gov%2Fthe-press-office%2F2013%2F03%2F19%2Fpresident-obama-nominates-two-serve-us-court-federal-claims&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AElaine+D.+Kaplan" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160304003003/http://www.judiciary.senate.gov/nominations/113thCongressJudicialNominations/upload/Kaplan-Senate-Questionnaire-Final.pdf">"Archived copy"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.judiciary.senate.gov/nominations/113thCongressJudicialNominations/upload/Kaplan-Senate-Questionnaire-Final.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on 2016-03-04<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2013-04-03</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Archived+copy&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.judiciary.senate.gov%2Fnominations%2F113thCongressJudicialNominations%2Fupload%2FKaplan-Senate-Questionnaire-Final.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AElaine+D.+Kaplan" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_web" title="Template:Cite web">cite web</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_archived_copy_as_title" title="Category:CS1 maint: archived copy as title">link</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFChris_Huqueriza2013" class="citation web cs1">Chris Huqueriza (September 18, 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://fourtwonine.com/2013/09/18/3046-elaine-d-kaplan-becomes-second-openly-gay-judge-elected-to-federal-claims-court/">"Elaine D. Kaplan becomes second openly gay judge elected to Federal Claims Court"</a>. <a href="/wiki/FourTwoNine" title="FourTwoNine">FourTwoNine</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20181007040102/http://fourtwonine.com/2013/09/18/3046-elaine-d-kaplan-becomes-second-openly-gay-judge-elected-to-federal-claims-court/">Archived</a> from the original on October 7, 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 31,</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Elaine+D.+Kaplan+becomes+second+openly+gay+judge+elected+to+Federal+Claims+Court&rft.pub=FourTwoNine&rft.date=2013-09-18&rft.au=Chris+Huqueriza&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Ffourtwonine.com%2F2013%2F09%2F18%2F3046-elaine-d-kaplan-becomes-second-openly-gay-judge-elected-to-federal-claims-court%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AElaine+D.+Kaplan" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://judiciary.senate.gov/">"Home | United States Senate Committee on the Judiciary"</a>. <i>Judiciary.senate.gov</i>. 2017-03-27. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191112202610/https://www.judiciary.senate.gov/">Archived</a> from the original on 2019-11-12<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2017-04-01</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Judiciary.senate.gov&rft.atitle=Home+%26%23124%3B+United+States+Senate+Committee+on+the+Judiciary&rft.date=2017-03-27&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fjudiciary.senate.gov%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AElaine+D.+Kaplan" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.senate.gov/legislative/LIS/roll_call_lists/roll_call_vote_cfm.cfm?congress=113&session=1&vote=00202">"On the Nomination (Confirmation Elaine D. Kaplan, of the District of Columbia, to be a Judge of the U.S. Court of Federal Claims)"</a>. 2013-09-17<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2017-04-01</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=On+the+Nomination+%28Confirmation+Elaine+D.+Kaplan%2C+of+the+District+of+Columbia%2C+to+be+a+Judge+of+the+U.S.+Court+of+Federal+Claims%29&rft.date=2013-09-17&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.senate.gov%2Flegislative%2FLIS%2Froll_call_lists%2Froll_call_vote_cfm.cfm%3Fcongress%3D113%26session%3D1%26vote%3D00202&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AElaine+D.+Kaplan" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20131107004942/http://www.uscfc.uscourts.gov/elaine-d-kaplan-took-oath-office-november-6-2013-judge-united-states-court-federal-claims">"Elaine D. Kaplan took the oath of office on November 6, 2013, as Judge of the United States Court of Federal Claims. | US Court of Federal Claims"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.uscfc.uscourts.gov/elaine-d-kaplan-took-oath-office-november-6-2013-judge-united-states-court-federal-claims">the original</a> on 2013-11-07<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2013-11-07</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Elaine+D.+Kaplan+took+the+oath+of+office+on+November+6%2C+2013%2C+as+Judge+of+the+United+States+Court+of+Federal+Claims.+%26%23124%3B+US+Court+of+Federal+Claims&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.uscfc.uscourts.gov%2Felaine-d-kaplan-took-oath-office-november-6-2013-judge-united-states-court-federal-claims&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AElaine+D.+Kaplan" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.uscfc.uscourts.gov/node/3267">"President Biden designates Elaine D. Kaplan as Chief Judge of the United States Court of Federal Claims"</a>. <i>www.uscfc.uscourts.gov</i>. March 2, 2021. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20211009053219/https://www.uscfc.uscourts.gov/node/3267">Archived</a> from the original on October 9, 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 3,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.uscfc.uscourts.gov&rft.atitle=President+Biden+designates+Elaine+D.+Kaplan+as+Chief+Judge+of+the+United+States+Court+of+Federal+Claims&rft.date=2021-03-02&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.uscfc.uscourts.gov%2Fnode%2F3267&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AElaine+D.+Kaplan" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150926002759/http://www.hrc.org/blog/entry/president-obama-nominates-open-lesbian-to-serve-on-u.s.-court-of-federal-cl/">"President Obama Nominates Open Lesbian to Serve on U.S. Court of Federal Claims | Human Rights Campaign"</a>. <i>Hrc.org</i>. 2013-03-20. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.hrc.org/blog/entry/president-obama-nominates-open-lesbian-to-serve-on-u.s.-court-of-federal-cl/">the original</a> on 2015-09-26<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2017-04-01</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Hrc.org&rft.atitle=President+Obama+Nominates+Open+Lesbian+to+Serve+on+U.S.+Court+of+Federal+Claims+%26%23124%3B+Human+Rights+Campaign&rft.date=2013-03-20&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.hrc.org%2Fblog%2Fentry%2Fpresident-obama-nominates-open-lesbian-to-serve-on-u.s.-court-of-federal-cl%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AElaine+D.+Kaplan" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Elaine_D._Kaplan&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.fjc.gov/node/6986">Elaine D. Kaplan</a> at the <i><a href="/wiki/Biographical_Directory_of_Federal_Judges" title="Biographical Directory of Federal Judges">Biographical Directory of Federal Judges</a></i>, a publication of the <a href="/wiki/Federal_Judicial_Center" title="Federal Judicial Center">Federal Judicial Center</a>.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.uscfc.uscourts.gov/elaine-d-kaplan">United States Court of Federal Claims page on Elaine D. Kaplan</a></li></ul> <table class="wikitable succession-box noprint" style="margin:0.5em auto; font-size:small;clear:both;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="3" style="border-top: 5px solid #ccccff;">Political offices </th></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/John_Berry_(administrator)" class="mw-redirect" title="John Berry (administrator)">John Berry</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> Director of the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Office_of_Personnel_Management" title="United States Office of Personnel Management">Office of Personnel Management</a><br /><span style="font-size:85%;">Acting</span> </b><br />2013 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Katherine_Archuleta" title="Katherine Archuleta">Katherine Archuleta</a></div> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="3" style="border-top: 5px solid #DDCEF2;">Legal offices </th></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Christine_Odell_Cook_Miller" title="Christine Odell Cook Miller">Christine Odell Cook Miller</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> Judge of the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Court_of_Federal_Claims" title="United States Court of Federal Claims">United States Court of Federal Claims</a> </b><br />2013–present </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="2"><b>Incumbent</b> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Eleni_M._Roumel" title="Eleni M. Roumel">Eleni M. Roumel</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <span class="nowrap">Chief Judge of the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Court_of_Federal_Claims" title="United States Court of Federal Claims">United States Court of Federal Claims</a></span> </b><br />2021–present </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul 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aria-labelledby="Judges_of_the_United_States_Court_of_Federal_Claims" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:CFC_Judges" title="Template:CFC Judges"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:CFC_Judges" title="Template talk:CFC Judges"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:CFC_Judges" title="Special:EditPage/Template:CFC Judges"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Judges_of_the_United_States_Court_of_Federal_Claims" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Judges of the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Court_of_Federal_Claims" title="United States Court of Federal Claims">United States Court of Federal Claims</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Court_of_Federal_Claims" title="United States Court of Federal Claims">United States Court of Federal Claims</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Active</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Kaplan</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Hertling" title="Richard Hertling">Hertling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ryan_T._Holte" title="Ryan T. Holte">Holte</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_A._Tapp" title="David A. Tapp">Tapp</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Matthew_H._Solomson" title="Matthew H. Solomson">Solomson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eleni_M._Roumel" title="Eleni M. Roumel">Roumel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_H._Meyers" title="Edward H. Meyers">Meyers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kathryn_C._Davis" title="Kathryn C. Davis">Davis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zachary_Somers" title="Zachary Somers">Somers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thompson_M._Dietz" title="Thompson M. Dietz">Dietz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stephen_S._Schwartz" title="Stephen S. Schwartz">Schwartz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carolyn_N._Lerner" title="Carolyn N. Lerner">Lerner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Armando_O._Bonilla" title="Armando O. Bonilla">Bonilla</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Molly_Silfen" title="Molly Silfen">Silfen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philip_Hadji" title="Philip Hadji">Hadji</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robin_M._Meriweather" title="Robin M. Meriweather">Meriweather</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Senior</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/John_Paul_Wiese" title="John Paul Wiese">Wiese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_J._Yock" title="Robert J. Yock">Yock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moody_R._Tidwell_III" title="Moody R. Tidwell III">Tidwell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Loren_A._Smith" title="Loren A. Smith">Smith</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marian_Blank_Horn" title="Marian Blank Horn">Horn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eric_G._Bruggink" title="Eric G. Bruggink">Bruggink</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bohdan_A._Futey" title="Bohdan A. Futey">Futey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_T._Turner" title="James T. Turner">Turner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_H._Hodges_Jr." title="Robert H. Hodges Jr.">Hodges Jr.</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lawrence_Baskir" title="Lawrence Baskir">Baskir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lynn_J._Bush" title="Lynn J. Bush">Bush</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_J._Damich" title="Edward J. Damich">Damich</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_F._Lettow" title="Charles F. Lettow">Lettow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mary_Ellen_Coster_Williams" title="Mary Ellen Coster Williams">Williams</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Victor_J._Wolski" title="Victor J. Wolski">Wolski</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Margaret_M._Sweeney" title="Margaret M. Sweeney">Sweeney</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16186739#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16186739#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16186739#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">International</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/4553117">VIAF</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.worldcat.org/fast/423250/">FAST</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.oclc.org/worldcat/entity/E39PBJv4krWqC3MfpRDB6TTmBP">WorldCat</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/no98110006">United States</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; 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