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dfp__slot--banniere-haute adm-ad-loading" data-format="banniere_haute" aria-hidden="true"><div class="loader"></div></div></div> <section id="habillagepub" class="article article--single article--iso article--content "> <section class="zone zone--article zone--article-offer old__zone"> <header class="article__header "> <div class="article__header-wrap"> <ul class="breadcrumb"> <li class="breadcrumb__parent breadcrumb__parent--after js-breadcrumb"> <a class="logo__les-decodeurs logo__les-decodeurs--article" href="https://www.lemonde.fr/en/les-decodeurs/"> Les Décodeurs </a> </a> </li> <li class="breadcrumb__child--article js-breadcrumb"> <a class="logo__politics logo__politics--article" href="https://www.lemonde.fr/en/politics/"> French Politics </a> </li> </ul> <div class="article__heading"> <h1 class="article__title">What would an impeachment procedure against Macron consist of?</h1> <p class="article__desc"> The lengthy mechanism provided for in Article 68 of the Constitution currently has virtually no chance of leading to the removal of the French president from office. </p> </div> <p class="meta meta__publisher meta__publisher--header" id="js-authors-trigger"> <span class="meta__author meta__author--header" id="js-authors-list"> By <a class="article__author-link" href="/en/signataires/lea-sanchez/">Léa Sanchez</a> </span> </p> <section class="meta__date-reading"> <span class="meta__date meta__date--header">Published on August 28, 2024, at 3:45 pm (Paris), updated on September 2, 2024, at 10:29 am</span> <p class="meta__reading-time meta__reading-time--header"> <span class="icon__reading-time"></span> <span>2 min read</span> </p> <a class="meta__article-en-fr-url js-lang-switcher" href="/les-decodeurs/article/2024/08/28/en-quoi-consiste-la-procedure-de-destitution-d-emmanuel-macron-annoncee-par-la-france-insoumise_6297607_4355770.html" hreflang="fr"> <span class="meta__article-en-fr-url-link">Lire en français</span> </a> </section> <div class="share-btns 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class="article__content old__article-content-single"> <figure class="article__media"> <picture class="article__media"> <source srcset=" https://img.lemde.fr/2024/08/27/0/0/6335/4225/556/0/75/0/b6adc4f_a68c7b8a1c8c46f482fe49db3b959043-0-4a97da83da6e4264b44495b531d3ba0a.jpg 556w, https://img.lemde.fr/2024/08/27/0/0/6335/4225/600/0/75/0/b6adc4f_a68c7b8a1c8c46f482fe49db3b959043-0-4a97da83da6e4264b44495b531d3ba0a.jpg 600w, https://img.lemde.fr/2024/08/27/0/0/6335/4225/664/0/75/0/b6adc4f_a68c7b8a1c8c46f482fe49db3b959043-0-4a97da83da6e4264b44495b531d3ba0a.jpg 664w, https://img.lemde.fr/2024/08/27/0/0/6335/4225/700/0/75/0/b6adc4f_a68c7b8a1c8c46f482fe49db3b959043-0-4a97da83da6e4264b44495b531d3ba0a.jpg 700w, https://img.lemde.fr/2024/08/27/0/0/6335/4225/800/0/75/0/b6adc4f_a68c7b8a1c8c46f482fe49db3b959043-0-4a97da83da6e4264b44495b531d3ba0a.jpg 800w" sizes="(min-width: 1024px) 556px, 100vw" alt="Emmanuel Macron, Tuesday, August 27, 2024, at the Elysée Palace, Paris." width="664" height="443"> <img src="https://img.lemde.fr/2024/08/27/0/0/6335/4225/664/0/75/0/b6adc4f_a68c7b8a1c8c46f482fe49db3b959043-0-4a97da83da6e4264b44495b531d3ba0a.jpg" alt="Emmanuel Macron, Tuesday, August 27, 2024, at the Elysée Palace, Paris." sizes="(min-width: 1024px) 556px, 100vw" width="664" height="443"> </picture> <noscript> <img src="https://img.lemde.fr/2024/08/27/0/0/6335/4225/664/0/75/0/b6adc4f_a68c7b8a1c8c46f482fe49db3b959043-0-4a97da83da6e4264b44495b531d3ba0a.jpg" alt="Emmanuel Macron, Tuesday, August 27, 2024, at the Elysée Palace, Paris."> </noscript> <figcaption class="article__legend" aria-hidden="true">Emmanuel Macron, Tuesday, August 27, 2024, at the Elysée Palace, Paris. <span class="article__credit" aria-hidden="true">THOMAS PADILLA / AP</span> </figcaption> </figure> <p class="article__paragraph ">Emmanuel Macron's refusal on Monday, August 26, <a href="https://www.lemonde.fr/en/politics/article/2024/08/26/macron-rules-out-naming-a-left-wing-government_6721916_5.html">to appoint the left-wing Nouveau Front Populaire (NFP) alliance's candidate as prime minister</a> has prompted the radical left member of the coalition, La France Insoumise (LFI), to announce that it would submit a motion to remove the French president from office.</p> <div id="inread_top" class="dfp-slot dfp__slot dfp__inread dfp-unloaded" data-format="inread_top" aria-hidden="true"></div> <section class="catcher catcher--favoris"> <div class="catcher__content"><span class="catcher__title catcher__title--hide">Read more</span><span class="catcher__desc"> <span class="icon__premium"><span class="sr-only">Subscribers only</span></span> <a href="https://www.lemonde.fr/en/politics/article/2024/08/27/why-macron-refused-to-name-the-left-wing-alliance-s-candidate-for-prime-minister_6722256_5.html" class="js-article-read-also catcher--favoris__link" data-premium="1">Why Macron refused to appoint left-wing alliance's candidate as prime minister</a> </span> </div> </section> <p class="article__paragraph ">But how exactly does this impeachment procedure work and what would be its chances of success?</p> <h2 class="article__sub-title">What does the text say?</h2> <p class="article__paragraph ">Article 68 of the French Constitution outlines the process for the early termination of the president's mandate "in the event of a breach of duty manifestly incompatible with the exercise of his mandate." Before a 2007 reform of the Constitution, the grounds for early termination of the president's term were "high treason". The current wording, which remains vague, was designed for "very serious acts," such as a refusal to promulgate laws.</p> <h2 class="article__sub-title">What steps need to be followed?</h2> <p class="article__paragraph ">The procedure leading to impeachment is long and thorny. Members of parliament, in either chamber, wishing to use it must first create a motion for a resolution, which should set out "the grounds likely to characterize a failure within the meaning of the first paragraph of Article 68 of the Constitution," in the words of the organic law. They must then collect the signatures of at least one-tenth of the members of either of the chambers of parliament (i.e. 58 MPs or 35 senators) to initiate the process. The LFI group, which has 72 MPs in the Assemblée Nationale, could therefore meet this first condition.</p> <div id="inread" class="dfp-slot dfp__slot dfp__inread dfp-unloaded" data-format="inread" aria-hidden="true"></div> <p class="article__paragraph ">But the second step is trickier: The bureau of the concerned chamber must check if the motion for a resolution is admissible. In 2016, the attempt by conservative Les Républicains MPs to end former president François Hollande's term failed to pass this hurdle. Currently, LFI does not have a majority in the bureau of the Assemblée Nationale. Even though the NFP has a majority on this board, the other political parties in the left-wing coalition, notably the Socialists, have so far steered clear of this impeachment proposal.</p> <section class="catcher catcher--favoris"> <div class="catcher__content"><span class="catcher__title catcher__title--hide">Read more</span><span class="catcher__desc"> <span class="icon__premium"><span class="sr-only">Subscribers only</span></span> <a href="https://www.lemonde.fr/en/politics/article/2024/08/19/french-left-torn-after-melenchon-threatens-procedure-to-remove-macron-from-office_6718324_5.html" class="js-article-read-also catcher--favoris__link" data-premium="1">French left torn after Mélenchon threatens procedure to remove Macron from office</a> </span> </div> </section> <p class="article__paragraph ">It is then up to the Law Committee to issue an opinion. If it validates the proposal, the chamber in question must adopt it by a two-thirds majority within a fortnight. This is a threshold that neither LFI nor the entire NFP parties can reach on their own.</p> <p class="article__paragraph ">The draft resolution's journey doesn't end there: it is then forwarded to the other chamber, which must go through the same steps − consulting the law commission and voting within a fortnight. In the current case, this is virtually impossible, as the left is far from holding a majority of seats in the Sénat, and LFI has no elected representatives there.</p> <section class="inread js-services-inread"> <div class="inread__headline"> <span>Help us improve Le Monde in English</span> </div> <a href="https://refairelemonde.typeform.com/to/L6zwZ9Yi#source=WAINR" class="inread__link js-services-inread-link" target="_blank"> <div class="inread__title">Dear reader,</div> <div class="inread__desc">We’d love to hear your thoughts on Le Monde in English! Take this quick survey to help us improve it for you.</div> <div class="inread__cta">Take the survey</div> </a> </section> <p class="article__paragraph ">Under the procedure laid down in Article 68, if the two chambers of Parliament adopt the resolution, the "Parliament constituted as a High Court" must be convened, both chambers jointly. Eleven members of the Assemblée and 11 senators are appointed by the bureaus of their respective chambers to form the bureau of the High Court and "organize its work." A committee made up of six vice presidents of the Assemblée Nationale and six vice presidents of the Sénat will gather "all necessary information" to investigate the impeachment request, with the powers of a committee of inquiry, and the possibility of hearing the head of state. It is then to submit its report to the parliamentary High Court within two weeks.</p> <p class="article__paragraph ">At the end of the debates, which are public, the High Court can declare the president removed from office, but here again, a two-thirds majority vote is required, i.e. 617 out of 925 members of Parliament. 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