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value="Posebno:Iskanje"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">Išči</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-user-links vector-user-links-wide" aria-label="Osebna orodja"> <div class="vector-user-links-main"> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-preferences" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Videz"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="Change the appearance of the page's font size, width, and color" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Videz" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Videz</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_sl.wikipedia.org&uselang=sl" class=""><span>Denarni prispevki</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Posebno:Registracija&returnto=Simpati%C4%8Dno+%C5%BEiv%C4%8Devje" title="Predlagamo vam, da si ustvarite račun in se prijavite, vendar to ni obvezno." class=""><span>Ustvari račun</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Posebno:Prijava&returnto=Simpati%C4%8Dno+%C5%BEiv%C4%8Devje" title="Prijava je zaželena, vendar ni obvezna [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Prijava</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Več možnosti" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Osebna orodja" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Osebna orodja</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="Uporabniški meni" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_sl.wikipedia.org&uselang=sl"><span>Denarni prispevki</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Posebno:Registracija&returnto=Simpati%C4%8Dno+%C5%BEiv%C4%8Devje" title="Predlagamo vam, da si ustvarite račun in se prijavite, vendar to ni obvezno."><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Ustvari račun</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Posebno:Prijava&returnto=Simpati%C4%8Dno+%C5%BEiv%C4%8Devje" title="Prijava je zaželena, vendar ni obvezna [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Prijava</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Strani za neprijavljene urejevalce <a href="/wiki/Pomo%C4%8D:Uvod" aria-label="Več o urejanju"><span>več o tem</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Posebno:MojiPrispevki" title="Seznam urejanj s tega IP-naslova [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Prispevki</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Posebno:MojPogovor" title="Pogovor o urejanjih s tega IP-naslova [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Pogovorna stran</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Projekt"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Vsebina" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Vsebina</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">prestavi v stransko letvico</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">skrij</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Uvod</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Splošni_opis" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Splošni_opis"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Splošni opis</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Splošni_opis-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Vloga" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Vloga"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Vloga</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Vloga-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Vklopi podrazdelek Vloga</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Vloga-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Delovanje_na_srce" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Delovanje_na_srce"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Delovanje na srce</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Delovanje_na_srce-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Viri" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Viri"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Viri</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Viri-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Vsebina" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Vklopi kazalo vsebine" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Vklopi kazalo vsebine</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Simpatično živčevje</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="P9jdi na članek v drugem jeziku. Na voljo v 51 jezikih." > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-51" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">51 jezikov</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D9%87%D8%A7%D8%B2_%D8%B9%D8%B5%D8%A8%D9%8A_%D9%88%D8%AF%D9%8A" title="جهاز عصبي ودي – arabščina" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="جهاز عصبي ودي" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="arabščina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Simpatik_sinir_sistemi" title="Simpatik sinir sistemi – azerbajdžanščina" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Simpatik sinir sistemi" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="azerbajdžanščina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%96%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%8B%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D1%81%D1%96%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8D%D0%BC%D0%B0" title="Сімпатычная нервовая сістэма – beloruščina" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Сімпатычная нервовая сістэма" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="beloruščina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0_%D1%87%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%92%D0%9D%D0%A1" title="Симпатикова част на ВНС – bolgarščina" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Симпатикова част на ВНС" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="bolgarščina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Simpati%C4%8Dki_nervni_sistem" title="Simpatički nervni sistem – bosanščina" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Simpatički nervni sistem" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="bosanščina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sistema_nervi%C3%B3s_simp%C3%A0tic" title="Sistema nerviós simpàtic – katalonščina" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Sistema nerviós simpàtic" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="katalonščina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sympatikus" title="Sympatikus – češčina" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Sympatikus" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="češčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sympatiske_nervesystem" title="Sympatiske nervesystem – danščina" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Sympatiske nervesystem" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="danščina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sympathikus" title="Sympathikus – nemščina" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Sympathikus" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="nemščina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dv mw-list-item"><a href="https://dv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DE%90%DE%A8%DE%89%DE%B0%DE%95%DE%A6%DE%8C%DE%AC%DE%93%DE%A8%DE%86%DE%B0_%DE%82%DE%A7%DE%83%DE%88%DE%A6%DE%90%DE%B0_%DE%90%DE%A8%DE%90%DE%B0%DE%93%DE%A6%DE%89%DE%B0" title="ސިމްޕަތެޓިކް ނާރވަސް ސިސްޓަމް – diveščina" lang="dv" hreflang="dv" data-title="ސިމްޕަތެޓިކް ނާރވަސް ސިސްޓަމް" data-language-autonym="ދިވެހިބަސް" data-language-local-name="diveščina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ދިވެހިބަސް</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A3%CF%85%CE%BC%CF%80%CE%B1%CE%B8%CE%B7%CF%84%CE%B9%CE%BA%CF%8C_%CE%BD%CE%B5%CF%85%CF%81%CE%B9%CE%BA%CF%8C_%CF%83%CF%8D%CF%83%CF%84%CE%B7%CE%BC%CE%B1" title="Συμπαθητικό νευρικό σύστημα – grščina" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Συμπαθητικό νευρικό σύστημα" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="grščina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sympathetic_nervous_system" title="Sympathetic nervous system – angleščina" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Sympathetic nervous system" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="angleščina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Simpata_nerva_sistemo" title="Simpata nerva sistemo – esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Simpata nerva sistemo" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sistema_nervioso_simp%C3%A1tico" title="Sistema nervioso simpático – španščina" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Sistema nervioso simpático" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="španščina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C3%BCmpaatiline_n%C3%A4rvis%C3%BCsteem" title="Sümpaatiline närvisüsteem – estonščina" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Sümpaatiline närvisüsteem" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="estonščina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nerbio-sistema_sinpatiko" title="Nerbio-sistema sinpatiko – baskovščina" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Nerbio-sistema sinpatiko" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="baskovščina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AF%D8%B3%D8%AA%DA%AF%D8%A7%D9%87_%D8%B9%D8%B5%D8%A8%DB%8C_%D8%B3%D9%85%D9%BE%D8%A7%D8%AA%DB%8C%DA%A9" title="دستگاه عصبی سمپاتیک – perzijščina" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="دستگاه عصبی سمپاتیک" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="perzijščina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sympaattinen_hermosto" title="Sympaattinen hermosto – finščina" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Sympaattinen hermosto" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="finščina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Syst%C3%A8me_nerveux_sympathique" title="Système nerveux sympathique – francoščina" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Système nerveux sympathique" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="francoščina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sistema_nervioso_simp%C3%A1tico" title="Sistema nervioso simpático – galicijščina" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Sistema nervioso simpático" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="galicijščina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%9E%D7%A2%D7%A8%D7%9B%D7%AA_%D7%94%D7%A2%D7%A6%D7%91%D7%99%D7%9D_%D7%94%D7%A1%D7%99%D7%9E%D7%A4%D7%AA%D7%98%D7%99%D7%AA" title="מערכת העצבים הסימפתטית – hebrejščina" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="מערכת העצבים הסימפתטית" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="hebrejščina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%80_%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0" title="अनुकंपी तंत्रिकातंत्र – hindijščina" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="अनुकंपी तंत्रिकातंत्र" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="hindijščina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Simpatikus" title="Simpatikus – hrvaščina" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Simpatikus" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="hrvaščina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sist%C3%A8m_senpatik" title="Sistèm senpatik – haitijska kreolščina" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="Sistèm senpatik" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="haitijska kreolščina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kreyòl ayisyen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%8D%D5%AB%D5%B4%D5%BA%D5%A1%D5%A9%D5%AB%D5%AF_%D5%B6%D5%B5%D5%A1%D6%80%D5%A4%D5%A1%D5%B5%D5%AB%D5%B6_%D5%B0%D5%A1%D5%B4%D5%A1%D5%AF%D5%A1%D6%80%D5%A3" title="Սիմպաթիկ նյարդային համակարգ – armenščina" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Սիմպաթիկ նյարդային համակարգ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="armenščina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sistem_saraf_simpatis" title="Sistem saraf simpatis – indonezijščina" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Sistem saraf simpatis" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indonezijščina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is badge-Q70893996 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Driftaugakerfi%C3%B0" title="Driftaugakerfið – islandščina" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Driftaugakerfið" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="islandščina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sistema_nervoso_simpatico" title="Sistema nervoso simpatico – italijanščina" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Sistema nervoso simpatico" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="italijanščina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%BA%A4%E6%84%9F%E7%A5%9E%E7%B5%8C%E7%B3%BB" title="交感神経系 – japonščina" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="交感神経系" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japonščina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8B%D2%9B_%D0%B6%D2%AF%D0%B9%D0%BA%D0%B5_%D0%B6%D2%AF%D0%B9%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%96" title="Симпатикалық жүйке жүйесі – kazaščina" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Симпатикалық жүйке жүйесі" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="kazaščina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EA%B5%90%EA%B0%90%EC%8B%A0%EA%B2%BD%EA%B3%84" title="교감신경계 – korejščina" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="교감신경계" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="korejščina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Simpatin%C4%97_nerv%C5%B3_sistema" title="Simpatinė nervų sistema – litovščina" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Simpatinė nervų sistema" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="litovščina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sistem_saraf_simpatetik" title="Sistem saraf simpatetik – malajščina" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Sistem saraf simpatetik" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="malajščina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orthosympathisch_zenuwstelsel" title="Orthosympathisch zenuwstelsel – nizozemščina" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Orthosympathisch zenuwstelsel" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="nizozemščina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Det_sympatiske_nervesystemet" title="Det sympatiske nervesystemet – knjižna norveščina" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Det sympatiske nervesystemet" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="knjižna norveščina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uk%C5%82ad_wsp%C3%B3%C5%82czulny" title="Układ współczulny – poljščina" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Układ współczulny" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="poljščina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sistema_nervoso_simp%C3%A1tico" title="Sistema nervoso simpático – portugalščina" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Sistema nervoso simpático" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugalščina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sistem_nervos_simpatic" title="Sistem nervos simpatic – romunščina" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Sistem nervos simpatic" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="romunščina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B2%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B0" title="Симпатическая нервная система – ruščina" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Симпатическая нервная система" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="ruščina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Simpati%C4%8Dki_nervni_sistem" title="Simpatički nervni sistem – srbohrvaščina" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Simpatički nervni sistem" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="srbohrvaščina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sympathetic_nervous_system" title="Sympathetic nervous system – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Sympathetic nervous system" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sympatick%C3%BD_nervov%C3%BD_syst%C3%A9m" title="Sympatický nervový systém – slovaščina" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Sympatický nervový systém" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="slovaščina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Simpati%C4%8Dki_nervni_sistem" title="Simpatički nervni sistem – srbščina" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Simpatički nervni sistem" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="srbščina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sympatiska_nervsystemet" title="Sympatiska nervsystemet – švedščina" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Sympatiska nervsystemet" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="švedščina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%8B%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%B2%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%81" title="ระบบประสาทซิมพาเทติก – tajščina" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ระบบประสาทซิมพาเทติก" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="tajščina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sempatik_sinir_sistemi" title="Sempatik sinir sistemi – turščina" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Sempatik sinir sistemi" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="turščina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0_%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B0" title="Симпатична нервова система – ukrajinščina" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Симпатична нервова система" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ukrajinščina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Simpatik_nerv_sistemasi" title="Simpatik nerv sistemasi – uzbeščina" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Simpatik nerv sistemasi" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="uzbeščina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/H%E1%BB%87_th%E1%BA%A7n_kinh_giao_c%E1%BA%A3m" title="Hệ thần kinh giao cảm – vietnamščina" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Hệ thần kinh giao cảm" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="vietnamščina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%BA%A4%E6%84%9F%E7%A5%9E%E7%BB%8F" title="交感神经 – kitajščina" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="交感神经" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="kitajščina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%BA%A4%E6%84%9F%E7%A5%9E%E7%B6%93%E7%B3%BB%E7%B5%B1" title="交感神經系統 – kantonščina" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="交感神經系統" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="kantonščina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q187215#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Uredi medjezikovne povezave" class="wbc-editpage">Uredi povezave</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Imenski prostori"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a 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aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Orodja</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Orodja</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">prestavi v stransko letvico</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">skrij</button> 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href="/w/index.php?title=Simpati%C4%8Dno_%C5%BEiv%C4%8Devje&action=history"><span>Zgodovina</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Splošno </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Posebno:KajSePovezujeSem/Simpati%C4%8Dno_%C5%BEiv%C4%8Devje" title="Seznam vseh strani, ki se povezujejo sem [j]" accesskey="j"><span>Kaj se povezuje sem</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Posebno:RecentChangesLinked/Simpati%C4%8Dno_%C5%BEiv%C4%8Devje" rel="nofollow" title="Zadnje spremembe na straneh, s katerimi se povezuje ta stran [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Povezane spremembe</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Posebno:PosebneStrani" title="Seznam vseh posebnih strani [q]" accesskey="q"><span>Posebne strani</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Simpati%C4%8Dno_%C5%BEiv%C4%8Devje&oldid=6274404" title="Trajna povezava na to redakcijo strani"><span>Trajna povezava</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Simpati%C4%8Dno_%C5%BEiv%C4%8Devje&action=info" title="Več informacij o tej strani"><span>Podatki o strani</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Posebno:Navedi&page=Simpati%C4%8Dno_%C5%BEiv%C4%8Devje&id=6274404&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Informacije o tem, kako navajati to stran"><span>Navedba članka</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Posebno:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Fsl.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FSimpati%25C4%258Dno_%25C5%25BEiv%25C4%258Devje"><span>Pridobi skrajšani URL</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Posebno:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fsl.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FSimpati%25C4%258Dno_%25C5%25BEiv%25C4%258Devje"><span>Prenesi kodo QR</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Tiskanje/izvoz </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-create_a_book" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Posebno:Book&bookcmd=book_creator&referer=Simpati%C4%8Dno+%C5%BEiv%C4%8Devje"><span>Ustvari e-knjigo</span></a></li><li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Posebno:DownloadAsPdf&page=Simpati%C4%8Dno_%C5%BEiv%C4%8Devje&action=show-download-screen"><span>Prenesi kot PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Simpati%C4%8Dno_%C5%BEiv%C4%8Devje&printable=yes" title="Različica te strani za tisk [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Različica za tisk</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> V drugih projektih </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Sympathetic_nervous_system" hreflang="en"><span>Wikimedijina zbirka</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q187215" title="Povezava na ustrezni predmet v podatkovni shrambi [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Predmet v Wikipodatkih</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Orodja strani"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Videz"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Videz</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">prestavi v stransko letvico</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">skrij</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Iz Wikipedije, proste enciklopedije</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="sl" dir="ltr"><p><b>Simpatično živčevje</b> ali <b>simpatikus</b> zajema <a href="/wiki/Vegetativno_%C5%BEiv%C4%8Devje" class="mw-redirect" title="Vegetativno živčevje">vegetativne živce</a>, ki izvirajo iz torakalnega in lumbalnega dela <a href="/wiki/Hrbtni_mozeg" class="mw-redirect" title="Hrbtni mozeg">hrbtnega mozga</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Gre za enega od treh delov vegetativnega živčevja, poleg <a href="/wiki/Parasimpati%C4%8Dno_%C5%BEiv%C4%8Devje" title="Parasimpatično živčevje">parasimpatičnega</a> in <a href="/w/index.php?title=Enteri%C4%8Dno_%C5%BEiv%C4%8Devje&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Enterično živčevje (stran ne obstaja)">enteričnega živčevja</a>. Njegova poglavitna funkcija je priprava organizma na <a href="/w/index.php?title=Boj_ali_beg&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Boj ali beg (stran ne obstaja)">boj ali beg</a>. Vendar pa je simpatično živčevje vseskozi aktivno na določeni stopnji in pomaga vzdrževati <a href="/wiki/Homeostaza" title="Homeostaza">homeostazo</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-brodal_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-brodal-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Splošni_opis"><span id="Splo.C5.A1ni_opis"></span>Splošni opis</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Simpati%C4%8Dno_%C5%BEiv%C4%8Devje&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Uredi razdelek: Splošni opis" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Simpati%C4%8Dno_%C5%BEiv%C4%8Devje&action=edit&section=1" title="Urejanje izvorne kode razdelka: Splošni opis"><span>uredi kodo</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Kot del avtonomnega živčevja simpatično živčevje nadzoruje večino telesnih <a href="/wiki/Notranji_organ" title="Notranji organ">notranjih organov</a>. Je promotor <a href="/w/index.php?title=Stres_(biologija)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Stres (biologija) (stran ne obstaja)">stresa</a> in nasprotuje učinkom parasimpatičnega živčevja, ki narekuje telesne funkcije v obdobjih mirovanja. Opisano delovanje velja le na splošno, v resnici pa so učinki obeh, simpatičnega in parasimpatičnega živčevja, veliko zapletenejši in prepleteni.<sup id="cite_ref-brodal_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-brodal-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-sherwood_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-sherwood-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>V prenos signala v simpatičnem živčevju sta vključeni dve vrsti <a href="/wiki/Nevron" title="Nevron">nevronov</a>: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Preganglijski_nevron&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Preganglijski nevron (stran ne obstaja)">pre</a>- in <a href="/w/index.php?title=Postganglijski_nevron&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Postganglijski nevron (stran ne obstaja)">postganglijski nevroni</a>. Preganglijski nevroni so krajši in izvirajo iz torakolumbalnega predela hrbtenjače (predela <a href="/wiki/Prsni_ko%C5%A1" title="Prsni koš">prsnega koša</a> in <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ledja&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ledja (stran ne obstaja)">ledij</a>; med <a href="/wiki/Vretence" title="Vretence">vretencema</a> T1 in L2). Nato potujejo do ganglijev, po navadi v enega od paravertebralnih ganglijev, kjer tvorijo <a href="/wiki/Preklop_(biologija)" class="mw-redirect" title="Preklop (biologija)">preklope</a> (sinapse) s postganglijskimi nevroni. Od tam segajo postganglijska vlakna po vsem telesu.<sup id="cite_ref-drake_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-drake-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>V preklope znotraj ganglijev preganglijski nevroni sproščajo <a href="/wiki/Acetilholin" title="Acetilholin">acetilholin</a>, <a href="/wiki/%C5%BDiv%C4%8Dni_prena%C5%A1alec" title="Živčni prenašalec">živčni prenašalec</a>, ki aktivira <a href="/wiki/Nikotinski_receptor" title="Nikotinski receptor">nikotinske receptorje</a> na postganglijskih nevronih. Zaradi tega dražljaja postganglijski nevroni sproščajo <a href="/wiki/Noradrenalin" title="Noradrenalin">noradrenalin</a> (z dvema pomembnima izjemama), ki aktivira <a href="/w/index.php?title=Adrenergi%C4%8Dni_receptor&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Adrenergični receptor (stran ne obstaja)">adrenergične receptorje</a> v tarčnih tkivih. Aktivacija receptorjev v tarčnih tkivih sproži učinke, povezane s simpatičnim živčevjem.<sup id="cite_ref-pharma_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pharma-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Omenjeni izjemi predstavljata postganglijske nevrone, ki oživčujejo <a href="/w/index.php?title=%C5%BDleza_znojnica&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Žleza znojnica (stran ne obstaja)">žleze znojnice</a> (le ti sproščajo acetilholin, ki aktivira <a href="/wiki/Muskarinski_receptor" title="Muskarinski receptor">muskarinske receptorje</a>) in sredico <a href="/wiki/Nadledvi%C4%8Dnica" class="mw-redirect" title="Nadledvičnica">nadledvičnice</a>. Slednja deluje v sodelovanju s simpatičnim živčevjem in ima vlogo modificiranega simpatičnega ganglija; znotraj nje so tvorjene sinapse med pre- in postganglijskimi nevroni, vendar postganglijski nevron ne zapusti sredice nadledvičnice, temveč v njej sprošča noradrenalin in <a href="/wiki/Adrenalin" title="Adrenalin">adrenalin</a> neposredno v <a href="/wiki/Krvni_obtok" title="Krvni obtok">krvni obtok</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-silverthorn_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-silverthorn-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Vloga">Vloga</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Simpati%C4%8Dno_%C5%BEiv%C4%8Devje&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Uredi razdelek: Vloga" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Simpati%C4%8Dno_%C5%BEiv%C4%8Devje&action=edit&section=2" title="Urejanje izvorne kode razdelka: Vloga"><span>uredi kodo</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable" align="right" border="1"> <caption align="bottom" style="caption-side: bottom; font-weight: normal; font-style: italic; font-size: smaller;">Primeri delovanja simpatičnega živčevja na različne organe.<sup id="cite_ref-silverthorn_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-silverthorn-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </caption> <tbody><tr> <th>Organ </th> <th>Učinek </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/O%C4%8Di" class="mw-redirect" title="Oči">Oči</a> </td> <td>širitev zenic </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Srce" title="Srce">Srce</a> </td> <td>pospešeni <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sr%C4%8Dni_utrip&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Srčni utrip (stran ne obstaja)">srčni utrip</a> in povečana moč kontrakcije </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Plju%C4%8Da" title="Pljuča">Pljuča</a> </td> <td>širitev <a href="/wiki/Bronhiolus" class="mw-redirect" title="Bronhiolus">bronhiolusov</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/%C5%BDila" class="mw-disambig" title="Žila">Žile</a> </td> <td>krčenje </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C5%BDleze_znojnice&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Žleze znojnice (stran ne obstaja)">Žleze znojnice</a> </td> <td>alktiviranje izločanja <a href="/wiki/Znoj" class="mw-redirect" title="Znoj">znoja</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Prebavila" class="mw-redirect" title="Prebavila">Prebavila</a> </td> <td>zaviranje <a href="/wiki/Peristaltika" title="Peristaltika">peristaltike</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Ledvice" class="mw-redirect" title="Ledvice">Ledvice</a> </td> <td>povečano izločanje <a href="/w/index.php?title=Renin&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Renin (stran ne obstaja)">renina</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Penis" title="Penis">Penis</a> </td> <td>spodbujanje <a href="/wiki/Ejakulacija" title="Ejakulacija">ejakulacije</a> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <p>Simpatično živčevje ima <a href="/wiki/Katabolizem" title="Katabolizem">katabolno vlogo</a> in aktivira telesne odzive za boj ali beg. Pospeši <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sr%C4%8Dni_utrip&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Srčni utrip (stran ne obstaja)">srčni utrip</a> in krčljivost <a href="/wiki/Sr%C4%8Dna_mi%C5%A1ica" class="mw-redirect" title="Srčna mišica">srčne mišice</a>, razširi <a href="/wiki/Dihalne_poti" class="mw-redirect" title="Dihalne poti">dihalne poti</a>, spodbudi jetrno <a href="/w/index.php?title=Glikogenoliza&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Glikogenoliza (stran ne obstaja)">glikogenolizo</a> in sproščanje <a href="/wiki/Glukoza" title="Glukoza">glukoze</a> v krvni obtok, poveča <a href="/wiki/Bazalna_presnova" title="Bazalna presnova">bazalno presnovo</a> in mišično moč, poveča <a href="/wiki/Znojenje" title="Znojenje">znojenje</a> ... Življenjske funkcije, ki so manj povezane s trenutnim preživetjem, se upočasnijo (npr. <a href="/wiki/Prebava" title="Prebava">prebava</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ledvi%C4%8Dna_filtracija&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ledvična filtracija (stran ne obstaja)">ledvična filtracija</a>). Tudi <a href="/wiki/Ejakulacija" title="Ejakulacija">ejakulacija</a> nastopi s pomočjo aktivacije simpatičnega živčevja.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Delovanje_na_srce">Delovanje na srce</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Simpati%C4%8Dno_%C5%BEiv%C4%8Devje&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Uredi razdelek: Delovanje na srce" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Simpati%C4%8Dno_%C5%BEiv%C4%8Devje&action=edit&section=3" title="Urejanje izvorne kode razdelka: Delovanje na srce"><span>uredi kodo</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Glavni učinki aktivnosti simaptičnega živčevja na srce so:<sup id="cite_ref-Rang_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Rang-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul><li>povečana moč kontrakcije (pozitivni <a href="/wiki/Inotropni_u%C4%8Dinek" title="Inotropni učinek">inotropni učinek</a>)</li> <li>pospešen srčni utrip (pozitivni <a href="/wiki/Kronotropni_u%C4%8Dinek" title="Kronotropni učinek">kronotropni učinek</a>)</li> <li>povečan <a href="/wiki/Avtomatizem_srca" title="Avtomatizem srca">avtomatizem srca</a></li> <li>repolarizacija in obnovitev funkcionalnosti po generalizirani <a href="/w/index.php?title=Depolarizacija&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Depolarizacija (stran ne obstaja)">depolarizaciji</a> srca</li> <li>zmanjšana učinkovitost srca (poraba <a href="/wiki/Kisik" title="Kisik">kisika</a> je bolj povečana kot delo srčne mišice)</li></ul> <p>Ti učinki so posledica aktivacije <a href="/w/index.php?title=Betaadrenergi%C4%8Dni_receptor&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Betaadrenergični receptor (stran ne obstaja)">receptorjev β<sub>1</sub></a> z vezavo <a href="/wiki/Kateholamin" class="mw-redirect" title="Kateholamin">kateholaminov</a>, zaradi česar poraste znotrajcelična koncentracija <a href="/wiki/CAMP" class="mw-redirect" title="CAMP">cAMP</a> in posledično vplavljanje <a href="/wiki/Kalcij" title="Kalcij">kalcijevih</a> ionoc Ca<sup>2+</sup> v celice srčne mišice.<sup id="cite_ref-Rang_8-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Rang-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Viri">Viri</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Simpati%C4%8Dno_%C5%BEiv%C4%8Devje&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Uredi razdelek: Viri" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Simpati%C4%8Dno_%C5%BEiv%C4%8Devje&action=edit&section=4" title="Urejanje izvorne kode razdelka: Viri"><span>uredi kodo</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="reflist" style="list-style-type: decimal;"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-1">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://lsm1.amebis.si/lsmeds/novPogoj.aspx?pPogoj=%C5%BEiv%C4%8Devje">http://lsm1.amebis.si/lsmeds/novPogoj.aspx?pPogoj=%C5%BEiv%C4%8Devje</a><sup class="noprint Inline-Template"><span style="white-space: nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedija:Mrtva_povezava" title="Wikipedija:Mrtva povezava"><span title=" Mrtva povezava, označena mesec ni naveden">mrtva povezava</span></a></i>]</span></sup>, Slovenski medicinski e-slovar, vpogled: 18. 6. 2012.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-brodal-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-brodal_2-0">2,0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-brodal_2-1">2,1</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r5980307">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"»""«""›""‹"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:#d33}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:#d33}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#3a3;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}</style><cite id="CITEREFBrodal2004" class="citation book cs1">Brodal, Per (2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=WdATFQ0YUrMC&pg=PA369#v=onepage&q=&f=false"><i>The Central Nervous System: Structure and Function</i></a> (3 izd.). Oxford University Press US. str. 369–396. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifikator)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifikator)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Posebno:ViriKnjig/0-19-516560-8" title="Posebno:ViriKnjig/0-19-516560-8"><bdi>0-19-516560-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=knjiga&rft.btitle=The+Central+Nervous+System%3A+Structure+and+Function&rft.pages=369-396&rft.edition=3&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press+US&rft.date=2004&rft.isbn=0-19-516560-8&rft.aulast=Brodal&rft.aufirst=Per&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.co.uk%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DWdATFQ0YUrMC%26pg%3DPA369%23v%3Donepage%26q%3D%26f%3Dfalse&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsl.wikipedia.org%3ASimpati%C4%8Dno+%C5%BEiv%C4%8Devje" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-sherwood-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-sherwood_3-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r5980307"><cite id="CITEREFSherwood2008" class="citation book cs1">Sherwood, Lauralee (2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://books.google.com/books?id=gOmpysGBC90C&pg=PT268#v=onepage&q=&f=false"><i>Human Physiology: From Cells to Systems</i></a> (7 izd.). Cengage Learning. str. 240. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifikator)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifikator)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Posebno:ViriKnjig/0-495-39184-0" title="Posebno:ViriKnjig/0-495-39184-0"><bdi>0-495-39184-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=knjiga&rft.btitle=Human+Physiology%3A+From+Cells+to+Systems&rft.pages=240&rft.edition=7&rft.pub=Cengage+Learning&rft.date=2008&rft.isbn=0-495-39184-0&rft.aulast=Sherwood&rft.aufirst=Lauralee&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DgOmpysGBC90C%26pg%3DPT268%23v%3Donepage%26q%3D%26f%3Dfalse&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsl.wikipedia.org%3ASimpati%C4%8Dno+%C5%BEiv%C4%8Devje" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-drake-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-drake_4-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r5980307"><cite id="CITEREFDrakeVoglMitchell2005" class="citation book cs1">Drake, Richard L.; Vogl, Wayne; Mitchell, Adam W.M., ur. (2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://books.google.com/books?cd=1&id=SJBqAAAAMAAJ"><i>Gray's Anatomy for Students</i></a> (1 izd.). Elsevier. str. 76–84. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifikator)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifikator)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Posebno:ViriKnjig/0-443-06612-4" title="Posebno:ViriKnjig/0-443-06612-4"><bdi>0-443-06612-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=knjiga&rft.btitle=Gray%27s+Anatomy+for+Students&rft.pages=76-84&rft.edition=1&rft.pub=Elsevier&rft.date=2005&rft.isbn=0-443-06612-4&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fcd%3D1%26id%3DSJBqAAAAMAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsl.wikipedia.org%3ASimpati%C4%8Dno+%C5%BEiv%C4%8Devje" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-pharma-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-pharma_5-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r5980307"><cite id="CITEREFRangDaleRitterFlower2007" class="citation book cs1">Rang, H.P.; Dale, M.M.; Ritter, J.M.; Flower, R.J. (2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://books.google.com/books?id=mtNy9DgYCIgC&dq=0443069115"><i>Rang and Dale's Pharmacology</i></a> (6 izd.). Elsevier. str. 135. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifikator)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifikator)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Posebno:ViriKnjig/0-443-06911-5" title="Posebno:ViriKnjig/0-443-06911-5"><bdi>0-443-06911-5</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=knjiga&rft.btitle=Rang+and+Dale%27s+Pharmacology&rft.pages=135&rft.edition=6&rft.pub=Elsevier&rft.date=2007&rft.isbn=0-443-06911-5&rft.aulast=Rang&rft.aufirst=H.P.&rft.au=Dale%2C+M.M.&rft.au=Ritter%2C+J.M.&rft.au=Flower%2C+R.J.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DmtNy9DgYCIgC%26dq%3D0443069115&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsl.wikipedia.org%3ASimpati%C4%8Dno+%C5%BEiv%C4%8Devje" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-silverthorn-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-silverthorn_6-0">6,0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-silverthorn_6-1">6,1</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r5980307"><cite id="CITEREFSilverthorn2009" class="citation book cs1">Silverthorn, Dee Unglaub (2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://books.google.com/books?id=32dHPgAACAAJ&dq=0321541308"><i>Human Physiology: An Integrated Approach</i></a> (4 izd.). Pearson/Benjamin Cummings. str. 379–386. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifikator)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifikator)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Posebno:ViriKnjig/0-321-54130-8" title="Posebno:ViriKnjig/0-321-54130-8"><bdi>0-321-54130-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=knjiga&rft.btitle=Human+Physiology%3A+An+Integrated+Approach&rft.pages=379-386&rft.edition=4&rft.pub=Pearson%2FBenjamin+Cummings&rft.date=2009&rft.isbn=0-321-54130-8&rft.aulast=Silverthorn&rft.aufirst=Dee+Unglaub&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D32dHPgAACAAJ%26dq%3D0321541308&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsl.wikipedia.org%3ASimpati%C4%8Dno+%C5%BEiv%C4%8Devje" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-7">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Beers et al.: The Merck Mannual, 18th Ed., NJ 2006, str. 1766.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Rang-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Rang_8-0">8,0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Rang_8-1">8,1</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text">Rang, Dale, Ritter: Pharmacology, 4. izdaja, 1999, Churchill Livingstone Elsevier, str. 261–262.</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Živčevje_človeka" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r5911192">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output 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