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class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Planning</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Planning-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Planning subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Planning-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Soviet_planning" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Soviet_planning"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Soviet planning</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Soviet_planning-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Soviet_organisation" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Soviet_organisation"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1.1</span> <span>Soviet organisation</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Soviet_organisation-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-German_planning" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#German_planning"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>German planning</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-German_planning-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-German_organisation" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#German_organisation"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2.1</span> <span>German organisation</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-German_organisation-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Description_of_the_strategic_operation" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Description_of_the_strategic_operation"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Description of the strategic operation</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Description_of_the_strategic_operation-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Description of the strategic operation subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Description_of_the_strategic_operation-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Initial_attack" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Initial_attack"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Initial attack</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Initial_attack-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Progress_of_the_offensive" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Progress_of_the_offensive"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>Progress of the offensive</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Progress_of_the_offensive-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Dnieper_airborne_operation" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Dnieper_airborne_operation"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.3</span> <span>Dnieper airborne operation</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Dnieper_airborne_operation-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Assaulting_the_Dnieper" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Assaulting_the_Dnieper"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.4</span> <span>Assaulting the Dnieper</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Assaulting_the_Dnieper-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Securing_the_lodgements" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Securing_the_lodgements"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.5</span> <span>Securing the lodgements</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Securing_the_lodgements-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Lower_Dnieper_offensive" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Lower_Dnieper_offensive"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.6</span> <span>Lower Dnieper offensive</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Lower_Dnieper_offensive-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Outcomes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Outcomes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Outcomes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Outcomes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Soviet_operational_phases" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Soviet_operational_phases"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Soviet operational phases</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Soviet_operational_phases-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-References-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle References subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Citations" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Citations"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.1</span> <span>Citations</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Citations-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bibliography" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bibliography"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.2</span> <span>Bibliography</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bibliography-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Battle of the Dnieper</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 34 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-34" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">34 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%B9%D8%B1%D9%83%D8%A9_%D8%AF%D9%86%D9%8A%D8%A8%D8%B1" title="معركة دنيبر – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="معركة دنيبر" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AF%D9%86%DB%8C%D9%BE%D8%B1_%DA%86%D8%A7%DB%8C%DB%8C_%D8%AF%D8%A4%DB%8C%D9%88%D8%B4%D9%88" title="دنیپر چایی دؤیوشو – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="دنیپر چایی دؤیوشو" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BF%D1%80_%D3%A9%D1%81%D3%A9%D0%BD_%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8B%D1%88" title="Днепр өсөн алыш – Bashkir" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Днепр өсөн алыш" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="Bashkir" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D1%96%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%B0_%D0%B7%D0%B0_%D0%94%D0%BD%D1%8F%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%BE" title="Бітва за Дняпро – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Бітва за Дняпро" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BF%D1%8A%D1%80%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%B1%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Днепърска битка – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Днепърска битка" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%C4%83%D0%BD%C4%83%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%80_%C3%A7%D0%B0%D0%BF%C4%83%C3%A7%C4%83%D0%B2%C4%95" title="Тăнăвар çапăçăвĕ – Chuvash" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Тăнăвар çапăçăвĕ" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="Chuvash" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bitva_o_Dn%C4%9Bpr" title="Bitva o Dněpr – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Bitva o Dněpr" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Slaget_ved_Dnepr" title="Slaget ved Dnepr – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Slaget ved Dnepr" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Schlacht_am_Dnepr" title="Schlacht am Dnepr – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Schlacht am Dnepr" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%9C%CE%AC%CF%87%CE%B7_%CF%84%CE%BF%CF%85_%CE%94%CE%BD%CE%B5%CE%AF%CF%80%CE%B5%CF%81%CE%BF%CF%85" title="Μάχη του Δνείπερου – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Μάχη του Δνείπερου" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Batalla_del_Dni%C3%A9per" title="Batalla del Dniéper – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Batalla del Dniéper" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%D8%A8%D8%B1%D8%AF_%D8%AF%D9%86%DB%8C%D9%BE%D8%B1" title="نبرد دنیپر – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="نبرد دنیپر" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bataille_du_Dniepr" title="Bataille du Dniepr – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Bataille du Dniepr" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%93%9C%EB%84%A4%ED%94%84%EB%A5%B4%EA%B0%95_%EC%A0%84%ED%88%AC" title="드네프르강 전투 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="드네프르강 전투" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pertempuran_Dnieper" title="Pertempuran Dnieper – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Pertempuran Dnieper" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A7%D7%A8%D7%91_%D7%93%D7%A0%D7%99%D7%99%D7%A4%D7%A8" title="קרב דנייפר – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="קרב דנייפר" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kauja_par_D%C5%86epru" title="Kauja par Dņepru – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Kauja par Dņepru" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%89%E3%83%8B%E3%82%A8%E3%83%97%E3%83%AB%E5%B7%9D%E3%81%AE%E6%88%A6%E3%81%84" title="ドニエプル川の戦い – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ドニエプル川の戦い" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Slaget_ved_Dnepr" title="Slaget ved Dnepr – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Slaget ved Dnepr" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Batalha_de_Dni%C3%A8pre" title="Batalha de Dnièpre – Occitan" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Batalha de Dnièpre" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Occitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bitwa_o_Dniepr" title="Bitwa o Dniepr – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Bitwa o Dniepr" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Batalha_do_Dniepre" title="Batalha do Dniepre – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Batalha do Dniepre" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/B%C4%83t%C4%83lia_de_pe_Nipru" title="Bătălia de pe Nipru – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Bătălia de pe Nipru" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%B0_%D0%B7%D0%B0_%D0%94%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BF%D1%80" title="Битва за Днепр – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Битва за Днепр" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_the_Dnieper" title="Battle of the Dnieper – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Battle of the Dnieper" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bitka_na_Dnepri" title="Bitka na Dnepri – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Bitka na Dnepri" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%94%D1%9A%D0%B5%D0%BF%D1%80%D1%83" title="Битка на Дњепру – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Битка на Дњепру" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dneprin_taistelu" title="Dneprin taistelu – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Dneprin taistelu" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Slaget_vid_Dnepr" title="Slaget vid Dnepr – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Slaget vid Dnepr" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%B8%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%98%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%8C" title="ยุทธการที่นีเปอร์ – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ยุทธการที่นีเปอร์" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dinyeper_Taarruzu" title="Dinyeper Taarruzu – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Dinyeper Taarruzu" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%B0_%D0%B7%D0%B0_%D0%94%D0%BD%D1%96%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%BE" title="Битва за Дніпро – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Битва за Дніпро" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tr%E1%BA%ADn_s%C3%B4ng_Dniepr" title="Trận sông Dniepr – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Trận sông Dniepr" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a 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role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Question_book-new.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/50px-Question_book-new.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/75px-Question_book-new.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/100px-Question_book-new.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="399" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This article <b>needs additional citations for <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">verification</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help <a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Battle_of_the_Dnieper" title="Special:EditPage/Battle of the Dnieper">improve this 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Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.<br /><small><span class="plainlinks"><i>Find sources:</i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?as_eq=wikipedia&q=%22Battle+of+the+Dnieper%22">"Battle of the Dnieper"</a> – <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbm=nws&q=%22Battle+of+the+Dnieper%22+-wikipedia&tbs=ar:1">news</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?&q=%22Battle+of+the+Dnieper%22&tbs=bkt:s&tbm=bks">newspapers</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbs=bks:1&q=%22Battle+of+the+Dnieper%22+-wikipedia">books</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%22Battle+of+the+Dnieper%22">scholar</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/action/doBasicSearch?Query=%22Battle+of+the+Dnieper%22&acc=on&wc=on">JSTOR</a></span></small></span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">May 2016</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r963460841">@media all and (min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .desktop-float-right{box-sizing:border-box;float:right;clear:right}}.mw-parser-output .infobox.vevent .status>p:first-child{margin:0}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1034237262">.mw-parser-output .stack{box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .stack>div{margin:1px;overflow:hidden}@media all and (min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .stack-clear-left{float:left;clear:left}.mw-parser-output .stack-clear-right{float:right;clear:right}.mw-parser-output .stack-left{float:left}.mw-parser-output .stack-right{float:right}.mw-parser-output .stack-margin-clear-left{float:left;clear:left;margin-right:1em}.mw-parser-output .stack-margin-clear-right{float:right;clear:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .stack-margin-left{float:left;margin-right:1em}.mw-parser-output .stack-margin-right{float:right;margin-left:1em}}</style><div class="stack mw-stack stack-clear-right"><div><table class="infobox vevent" style="width:25.5em;border-spacing:2px;"><tbody><tr><th class="summary" colspan="2" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;font-size:110%;">Battle of the Dnieper</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" style="background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Part of the <a href="/wiki/Eastern_Front_(World_War_II)" title="Eastern Front (World War II)">Eastern Front</a> of <a href="/wiki/World_War_II" title="World War II">World War II</a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" style="text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid #aaa;line-height:1.5em;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Map_of_dnieper_battle_grand.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Map_of_dnieper_battle_grand.jpg/300px-Map_of_dnieper_battle_grand.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="228" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Map_of_dnieper_battle_grand.jpg/450px-Map_of_dnieper_battle_grand.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Map_of_dnieper_battle_grand.jpg/600px-Map_of_dnieper_battle_grand.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1256" data-file-height="956" /></a></span><br />Map of the battle of the Dnieper and linked operations</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2"><table style="width:100%;margin:0;padding:0;border:0;display:inline-table"><tbody><tr><th style="padding-right:1em">Date</th><td>26 August 1943 – 23 December 1943<br />(3 months, 3 weeks and 6 days)<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th style="padding-right:1em">Location</th><td><div class="location"><a href="/wiki/Dnieper" title="Dnieper">Dnieper River</a>, <a href="/wiki/Soviet_Union" title="Soviet Union">Soviet Union</a></div></td></tr><tr><th style="padding-right:1em">Result</th><td class="status"> Soviet victory</td></tr><tr><th style="padding-right:1em">Territorial<br />changes</th><td> <a href="/wiki/Red_Army" title="Red Army">Soviets</a> reclaim <a href="/wiki/Left-bank_Ukraine" title="Left-bank Ukraine">left-bank Ukraine</a>, including the city of <a href="/wiki/Kiev" class="mw-redirect" title="Kiev">Kiev</a> and <a href="/wiki/Donets_basin" class="mw-redirect" title="Donets basin">Donets basin</a></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;font-size:110%;">Belligerents</th></tr><tr><td style="width:50%;border-right:1px dotted #aaa;"> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union_%281936_%E2%80%93_1955%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union_%281936_%E2%80%93_1955%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union_%281936_%E2%80%93_1955%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union_%281936_%E2%80%93_1955%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union_%281936_%E2%80%93_1955%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union_%281936_%E2%80%93_1955%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="500" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Soviet_Union" title="Soviet Union">Soviet Union</a></td><td style="width:50%;padding-left:0.25em"> <span data-sort-value="Germany"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Flag_of_Germany_%281935%E2%80%931945%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Germany_%281935%E2%80%931945%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Flag_of_Germany_%281935%E2%80%931945%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Germany_%281935%E2%80%931945%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Flag_of_Germany_%281935%E2%80%931945%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_Germany_%281935%E2%80%931945%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Nazi_Germany" title="Nazi Germany">Germany</a></span><br /><span data-sort-value="Romania"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Romania.svg/23px-Flag_of_Romania.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Romania.svg/35px-Flag_of_Romania.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Romania.svg/45px-Flag_of_Romania.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Romania" title="Kingdom of Romania">Romania</a></span></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;font-size:110%;">Commanders and leaders</th></tr><tr><td style="width:50%;border-right:1px dotted #aaa;"> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Soviet_Union" title="Soviet Union"><img alt="Soviet Union" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union_%281936_%E2%80%93_1955%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union_%281936_%E2%80%93_1955%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union_%281936_%E2%80%93_1955%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union_%281936_%E2%80%93_1955%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union_%281936_%E2%80%93_1955%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union_%281936_%E2%80%93_1955%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="500" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Georgy_Zhukov" title="Georgy Zhukov">Georgy Zhukov</a><br /><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Soviet_Union" title="Soviet Union"><img alt="Soviet Union" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union_%281936_%E2%80%93_1955%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union_%281936_%E2%80%93_1955%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union_%281936_%E2%80%93_1955%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union_%281936_%E2%80%93_1955%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union_%281936_%E2%80%93_1955%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union_%281936_%E2%80%93_1955%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="500" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Aleksandr_Vasilevsky" title="Aleksandr Vasilevsky">Aleksandr Vasilevsky</a><br /><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Soviet_Union" title="Soviet Union"><img alt="Soviet Union" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union_%281936_%E2%80%93_1955%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union_%281936_%E2%80%93_1955%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union_%281936_%E2%80%93_1955%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union_%281936_%E2%80%93_1955%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union_%281936_%E2%80%93_1955%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union_%281936_%E2%80%93_1955%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="500" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Nikolai_Vatutin" title="Nikolai Vatutin">Nikolai Vatutin</a><br /><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Soviet_Union" title="Soviet Union"><img alt="Soviet Union" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union_%281936_%E2%80%93_1955%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union_%281936_%E2%80%93_1955%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union_%281936_%E2%80%93_1955%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union_%281936_%E2%80%93_1955%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union_%281936_%E2%80%93_1955%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union_%281936_%E2%80%93_1955%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="500" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Ivan_Konev" title="Ivan Konev">Ivan Konev</a><br /><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Soviet_Union" title="Soviet Union"><img alt="Soviet Union" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union_%281936_%E2%80%93_1955%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union_%281936_%E2%80%93_1955%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union_%281936_%E2%80%93_1955%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union_%281936_%E2%80%93_1955%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union_%281936_%E2%80%93_1955%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union_%281936_%E2%80%93_1955%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="500" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Rodion_Malinovsky" title="Rodion Malinovsky">Rodion Malinovsky</a><br /><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Soviet_Union" title="Soviet Union"><img alt="Soviet Union" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union_%281936_%E2%80%93_1955%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union_%281936_%E2%80%93_1955%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union_%281936_%E2%80%93_1955%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union_%281936_%E2%80%93_1955%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union_%281936_%E2%80%93_1955%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union_%281936_%E2%80%93_1955%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="500" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Fyodor_Tolbukhin" title="Fyodor Tolbukhin">Fyodor Tolbukhin</a><br /><span class="nowrap"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Soviet_Union" title="Soviet Union"><img alt="Soviet Union" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union_%281936_%E2%80%93_1955%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union_%281936_%E2%80%93_1955%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union_%281936_%E2%80%93_1955%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union_%281936_%E2%80%93_1955%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union_%281936_%E2%80%93_1955%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union_%281936_%E2%80%93_1955%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="500" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Konstantin_Rokossovsky" title="Konstantin Rokossovsky">Konstantin Rokossovsky</a></span></td><td style="width:50%;padding-left:0.25em"> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Nazi_Germany" title="Nazi Germany"><img alt="Nazi Germany" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Flag_of_Germany_%281935%E2%80%931945%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Germany_%281935%E2%80%931945%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Flag_of_Germany_%281935%E2%80%931945%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Germany_%281935%E2%80%931945%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Flag_of_Germany_%281935%E2%80%931945%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_Germany_%281935%E2%80%931945%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Erich_von_Manstein" title="Erich von Manstein">Erich von Manstein</a><br /><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Nazi_Germany" title="Nazi Germany"><img alt="Nazi Germany" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Flag_of_Germany_%281935%E2%80%931945%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Germany_%281935%E2%80%931945%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Flag_of_Germany_%281935%E2%80%931945%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Germany_%281935%E2%80%931945%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Flag_of_Germany_%281935%E2%80%931945%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_Germany_%281935%E2%80%931945%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Paul_Ludwig_Ewald_von_Kleist" title="Paul Ludwig Ewald von Kleist">Ewald von Kleist</a><br /><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Nazi_Germany" title="Nazi Germany"><img alt="Nazi Germany" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Flag_of_Germany_%281935%E2%80%931945%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Germany_%281935%E2%80%931945%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Flag_of_Germany_%281935%E2%80%931945%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Germany_%281935%E2%80%931945%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Flag_of_Germany_%281935%E2%80%931945%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_Germany_%281935%E2%80%931945%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/G%C3%BCnther_von_Kluge" title="Günther von Kluge">Günther von Kluge</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;font-size:110%;">Units involved</th></tr><tr><td style="width:50%;border-right:1px dotted #aaa;"> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Soviet_Union" title="Soviet Union"><img alt="Soviet Union" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union_%281936_%E2%80%93_1955%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union_%281936_%E2%80%93_1955%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union_%281936_%E2%80%93_1955%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union_%281936_%E2%80%93_1955%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union_%281936_%E2%80%93_1955%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union_%281936_%E2%80%93_1955%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="500" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/1st_Ukrainian_Front" title="1st Ukrainian Front">1st Ukrainian Front</a><br /><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Soviet_Union" title="Soviet Union"><img alt="Soviet Union" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union_%281936_%E2%80%93_1955%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union_%281936_%E2%80%93_1955%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union_%281936_%E2%80%93_1955%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union_%281936_%E2%80%93_1955%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union_%281936_%E2%80%93_1955%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union_%281936_%E2%80%93_1955%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="500" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/2nd_Ukrainian_Front" title="2nd Ukrainian Front">2nd Ukrainian Front</a><br /><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Soviet_Union" title="Soviet Union"><img alt="Soviet Union" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union_%281936_%E2%80%93_1955%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union_%281936_%E2%80%93_1955%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union_%281936_%E2%80%93_1955%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union_%281936_%E2%80%93_1955%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union_%281936_%E2%80%93_1955%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union_%281936_%E2%80%93_1955%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="500" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/3rd_Ukrainian_Front" title="3rd Ukrainian Front">3rd Ukrainian Front</a><br /><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Soviet_Union" title="Soviet Union"><img alt="Soviet Union" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union_%281936_%E2%80%93_1955%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union_%281936_%E2%80%93_1955%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union_%281936_%E2%80%93_1955%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union_%281936_%E2%80%93_1955%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union_%281936_%E2%80%93_1955%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union_%281936_%E2%80%93_1955%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="500" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/4th_Ukrainian_Front" title="4th Ukrainian Front">4th Ukrainian Front</a><br /><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Soviet_Union" title="Soviet Union"><img alt="Soviet Union" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union_%281936_%E2%80%93_1955%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union_%281936_%E2%80%93_1955%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union_%281936_%E2%80%93_1955%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union_%281936_%E2%80%93_1955%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union_%281936_%E2%80%93_1955%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union_%281936_%E2%80%93_1955%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="500" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/1st_Belorussian_Front" title="1st Belorussian Front">1st Belorussian Front</a></td><td style="width:50%;padding-left:0.25em"> <p><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Nazi_Germany" title="Nazi Germany"><img alt="Nazi Germany" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Flag_of_Germany_%281935%E2%80%931945%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Germany_%281935%E2%80%931945%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Flag_of_Germany_%281935%E2%80%931945%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Germany_%281935%E2%80%931945%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Flag_of_Germany_%281935%E2%80%931945%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_Germany_%281935%E2%80%931945%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Army_Group_South" title="Army Group South">Army Group South</a> </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1st_Panzer_Army" title="1st Panzer Army">1st Panzer Army</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/4th_Panzer_Army" title="4th Panzer Army">4th Panzer Army</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/8th_Army_(Wehrmacht)" title="8th Army (Wehrmacht)">8th Army</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/6th_Army_(Wehrmacht)" title="6th Army (Wehrmacht)">6th Army</a><br />(until 17 September 1943)</li></ul> <p><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Nazi_Germany" title="Nazi Germany"><img alt="Nazi Germany" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Flag_of_Germany_%281935%E2%80%931945%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Germany_%281935%E2%80%931945%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Flag_of_Germany_%281935%E2%80%931945%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Germany_%281935%E2%80%931945%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Flag_of_Germany_%281935%E2%80%931945%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_Germany_%281935%E2%80%931945%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Army_Group_A" title="Army Group A">Army Group A</a> </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/6th_Army_(Wehrmacht)" title="6th Army (Wehrmacht)">6th Army</a><br /> (re-subordinated from 17 September 1943)<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <p><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Nazi_Germany" title="Nazi Germany"><img alt="Nazi Germany" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Flag_of_Germany_%281935%E2%80%931945%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Germany_%281935%E2%80%931945%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Flag_of_Germany_%281935%E2%80%931945%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Germany_%281935%E2%80%931945%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Flag_of_Germany_%281935%E2%80%931945%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_Germany_%281935%E2%80%931945%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Army_Group_Center" class="mw-redirect" title="Army Group Center">Army Group Center</a> </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2nd_Army_(Wehrmacht)" title="2nd Army (Wehrmacht)">2nd Army</a></li></ul></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;font-size:110%;">Strength</th></tr><tr><td style="width:50%;border-right:1px dotted #aaa;"> <b>26 August:</b><br />2,633,000 men (1,450,000 reinforcements)<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFrieserSchmiderSchönherrSchreiber2007343_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEFrieserSchmiderSchönherrSchreiber2007343-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br />51,200 guns and mortars<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFrieserSchmiderSchönherrSchreiber2007343_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEFrieserSchmiderSchönherrSchreiber2007343-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br />2,400 tanks and assault guns<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFrieserSchmiderSchönherrSchreiber2007343_3-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEFrieserSchmiderSchönherrSchreiber2007343-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br />2,850 combat aircraft<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFrieserSchmiderSchönherrSchreiber2007343_3-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEFrieserSchmiderSchönherrSchreiber2007343-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td><td style="width:50%;padding-left:0.25em"> <p><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Nazi_Germany" title="Nazi Germany"><img alt="Nazi Germany" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Flag_of_Germany_%281935%E2%80%931945%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Germany_%281935%E2%80%931945%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Flag_of_Germany_%281935%E2%80%931945%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Germany_%281935%E2%80%931945%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Flag_of_Germany_%281935%E2%80%931945%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_Germany_%281935%E2%80%931945%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <b>On 1 November 1943</b>:<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br /><a href="/wiki/Army_Group_South" title="Army Group South">Army Group South</a>:<br />- 722,376 personnel;<br /><a href="/wiki/6th_Army_(Wehrmacht)" title="6th Army (Wehrmacht)">6th Army</a> of <a href="/wiki/Army_Group_A" title="Army Group A">Army Group A</a>:<br />- 182,236 personnel;<br /><a href="/wiki/2nd_Army_(Wehrmacht)" title="2nd Army (Wehrmacht)">2nd Army</a> of <a href="/wiki/Army_Group_Centre" title="Army Group Centre">Army Group Center</a>:<br />- 200,111 personnel;<br /><b>Total</b>- 1,104,723 personnel.<br /><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Nazi_Germany" title="Nazi Germany"><img alt="Nazi Germany" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Flag_of_Germany_%281935%E2%80%931945%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Germany_%281935%E2%80%931945%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Flag_of_Germany_%281935%E2%80%931945%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Germany_%281935%E2%80%931945%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Flag_of_Germany_%281935%E2%80%931945%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_Germany_%281935%E2%80%931945%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> Army Group South armoured strength <b>as of 10 November 1943</b>:<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br />- 713 operational tanks;<br />- 271 operational assault guns;<br />- <b>984 operational AFV's in total</b>.<br />In repairs:<br />- 894 tanks;<br />- 302 assault guns.<br /><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Nazi_Germany" title="Nazi Germany"><img alt="Nazi Germany" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Flag_of_Germany_%281935%E2%80%931945%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Germany_%281935%E2%80%931945%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Flag_of_Germany_%281935%E2%80%931945%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Germany_%281935%E2%80%931945%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Flag_of_Germany_%281935%E2%80%931945%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_Germany_%281935%E2%80%931945%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <b><a href="/wiki/Luftflotte_4" title="Luftflotte 4">Luftflotte 4</a> strength on 10 October 1943</b>:<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br />- 793 operational aircraft (all types)<br />- 1,149 aircraft in total (incl. in repairs) </p> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Romania" title="Kingdom of Romania"><img alt="Kingdom of Romania" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Romania.svg/23px-Flag_of_Romania.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Romania.svg/35px-Flag_of_Romania.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Romania.svg/45px-Flag_of_Romania.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400" /></a></span></span> <b>On 1 November 1943</b>:<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br />- 85,564 personnel.</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;font-size:110%;">Casualties and losses</th></tr><tr><td style="width:50%;border-right:1px dotted #aaa;"> <p>Krivosheev: 1,285,977 men<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <dl><dd>348,815 killed or missing</dd> <dd>937,162 wounded or sick</dd></dl> <p>Frieser: 1,687,164 men<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFrieserSchmiderSchönherrSchreiber2007379_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEFrieserSchmiderSchönherrSchreiber2007379-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <dl><dd>417,323 killed or missing</dd> <dd>1,269,841 wounded or sick</dd></dl> Forczyk:<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br />- 290,000 killed or missing<br />- 1,000,000+ in total</td><td style="width:50%;padding-left:0.25em"> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Nazi_Germany" title="Nazi Germany"><img alt="Nazi Germany" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Flag_of_Germany_%281935%E2%80%931945%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Germany_%281935%E2%80%931945%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Flag_of_Germany_%281935%E2%80%931945%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Germany_%281935%E2%80%931945%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Flag_of_Germany_%281935%E2%80%931945%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_Germany_%281935%E2%80%931945%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Nazi_Germany" title="Nazi Germany">Germany</a><br />Forczyk:<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br />- 102,000 killed or missing<br />- 372,000+ in total<br /><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Romania" title="Kingdom of Romania"><img alt="Kingdom of Romania" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Romania.svg/23px-Flag_of_Romania.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Romania.svg/35px-Flag_of_Romania.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Romania.svg/45px-Flag_of_Romania.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Romania" title="Kingdom of Romania">Romania</a><br />Unknown</td></tr></tbody></table><div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · 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Fortress">Brest</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Bia%C5%82ystok%E2%80%93Minsk" title="Battle of Białystok–Minsk">Białystok–Minsk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baltic_operation" title="Baltic operation">1st Baltic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Brody_(1941)" title="Battle of Brody (1941)">Brody</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_M%C3%BCnchen" title="Operation München">Bessarabia and Northern Bukovina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Smolensk_(1941)" title="Battle of Smolensk (1941)">1st Smolensk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Uman" title="Battle of Uman">Uman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Odessa" title="Siege of Odessa">Odessa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Kiev_(1941)" title="Battle of Kiev (1941)">1st Kiev</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Soviet_evacuation_of_Tallinn" title="Soviet evacuation of Tallinn">Tallinn</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Leningrad" title="Siege of Leningrad">Leningrad</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_the_Sea_of_Azov" title="Battle of the Sea of Azov">Sea of Azov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/First_Battle_of_Kharkov" title="First Battle of Kharkov">1st Kharkov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crimean_campaign" title="Crimean campaign">1st Crimea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Sevastopol_(1941%E2%80%931942)" title="Siege of Sevastopol (1941–1942)">Sevastopol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Rostov_(1941)" title="Battle of Rostov (1941)">Rostov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bombing_of_Gorky_in_World_War_II" title="Bombing of Gorky in World War II">Gorky</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Moscow" title="Battle of Moscow">Moscow</a></b></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Continuation_War" title="Continuation War">Finland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_the_Kerch_Peninsula" title="Battle of the Kerch Peninsula">Kerch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1940%E2%80%931944_insurgency_in_Chechnya" title="1940–1944 insurgency in Chechnya">Chechnya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aerial_warfare_during_Operation_Barbarossa" title="Aerial warfare during Operation Barbarossa">Air war 1941</a></li></ul> <dl><dt>1942</dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Lyuban" title="Battle of Lyuban">Lyuban</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barvenkovo%E2%80%93Lozovaya_offensive" title="Barvenkovo–Lozovaya offensive">Barvenkovo–Lozovaya</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Battles_of_Rzhev" title="Battles of Rzhev">Rzhev</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Toropets%E2%80%93Kholm_offensive" title="Toropets–Kholm offensive">Toropets–Kholm</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demyansk_Pocket" title="Demyansk Pocket">Demyansk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kholm_Pocket" title="Kholm Pocket">Kholm</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Bamberg" title="Operation Bamberg">Bamberg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_Battle_of_Kharkov" title="Second Battle of Kharkov">2nd Kharkov</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Case_Blue" title="Case Blue">Case Blue</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_the_Caucasus" title="Battle of the Caucasus">Caucasus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Rzhev,_summer_1942" title="Battle of Rzhev, summer 1942">Rzhev–Sychyovka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sinyavino_offensive_(1942)" title="Sinyavino offensive (1942)">Sinyavino</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Stalingrad" title="Battle of Stalingrad">Stalingrad</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Velikiye_Luki" title="Battle of Velikiye Luki">Velikiye Luki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Mars" title="Operation Mars"><i>Mars</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Little_Saturn" title="Operation Little Saturn"><i>Little Saturn</i></a></li></ul> <dl><dt>1943</dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Iskra" title="Operation Iskra"><i>Iskra</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ostrogozhsk%E2%80%93Rossosh_offensive" title="Ostrogozhsk–Rossosh offensive">Ostrogozhsk–Rossosh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Voronezh%E2%80%93Kharkov_offensive" title="Voronezh–Kharkov offensive">Voronezh–Kharkov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Polar_Star" title="Operation Polar Star"><i>Polar Star</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Third_Battle_of_Kharkov" title="Third Battle of Kharkov">3rd Kharkov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bombing_of_Gorky_in_World_War_II#June_1943" title="Bombing of Gorky in World War II">Gorky Blitz</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Kursk" title="Battle of Kursk">Kursk</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Donbas_strategic_offensive_(July_1943)" title="Donbas strategic offensive (July 1943)">1st Donbas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Belgorod%E2%80%93Kharkov_offensive_operation" title="Belgorod–Kharkov offensive operation">Belgorod-Kharkov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Donbas_strategic_offensive_(August_1943)" title="Donbas strategic offensive (August 1943)">2nd Donbas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Smolensk_operation" title="Smolensk operation">2nd Smolensk</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Lenino" title="Battle of Lenino">Lenino</a></li></ul></li> <li><b><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Dnieper</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Nevel_(1943)" title="Battle of Nevel (1943)">Nevel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Kiev_(1943)" title="Battle of Kiev (1943)">2nd Kiev</a></li></ul> <dl><dt>1944</dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dnieper%E2%80%93Carpathian_offensive" title="Dnieper–Carpathian offensive">Dnieper–Carpathian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leningrad%E2%80%93Novgorod_offensive" title="Leningrad–Novgorod offensive">Leningrad–Novgorod</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Narva_(1944)" title="Battle of Narva (1944)">Narva</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crimean_offensive" title="Crimean offensive">2nd Crimea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/First_Jassy%E2%80%93Kishinev_offensive" title="First Jassy–Kishinev offensive">1st Jassy–Kishinev</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vyborg%E2%80%93Petrozavodsk_offensive" title="Vyborg–Petrozavodsk offensive">Karelia</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Operation_Bagration" title="Operation Bagration">Bagration</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lvov-Sandomierz_Offensive" title="Lvov-Sandomierz Offensive">Lvov–Sandomierz</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Operation_Doppelkopf" title="Operation Doppelkopf">Doppelkopf</a></i></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Second_Jassy%E2%80%93Kishinev_offensive" title="Second Jassy–Kishinev offensive">2nd Jassy–Kishinev</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_the_Dukla_Pass" title="Battle of the Dukla Pass">Dukla Pass</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baltic_offensive" title="Baltic offensive">2nd Baltic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Belgrade_offensive" title="Belgrade offensive">Belgrade</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Debrecen" title="Battle of Debrecen">Debrecen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Petsamo%E2%80%93Kirkenes_offensive" title="Petsamo–Kirkenes offensive">Petsamo–Kirkenes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Courland_Pocket" title="Courland Pocket">Courland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gumbinnen_Operation" title="Gumbinnen Operation">Gumbinnen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Budapest_offensive" title="Budapest offensive">Budapest</a></li></ul> <dl><dt>1945</dt></dl> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Vistula%E2%80%93Oder_offensive" title="Vistula–Oder offensive">Vistula–Oder</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Western_Carpathian_offensive" title="Western Carpathian offensive">Western Carpathian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/East_Prussian_offensive" title="East Prussian offensive">East Prussia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Silesian_offensives" title="Silesian offensives">Silesia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Breslau" title="Siege of Breslau">Breslau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Solstice" title="Operation Solstice"><i>Solstice</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/East_Pomeranian_offensive" title="East Pomeranian offensive">East Pomerania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Spring_Awakening" title="Operation Spring Awakening">Lake Balaton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moravia%E2%80%93Ostrava_offensive" title="Moravia–Ostrava offensive">Moravia–Ostrava</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vienna_offensive" title="Vienna offensive">Vienna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bratislava%E2%80%93Brno_offensive" title="Bratislava–Brno offensive">Bratislava–Brno</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Berlin" title="Battle of Berlin">Berlin</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prague_offensive" title="Prague offensive">Prague</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Prague_uprising" title="Prague uprising">Prague uprising</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Romanian_military_actions_in_World_War_II" style="margin:0;float:right;clear:right;width:25.5em;margin-bottom:0.5em;margin-left:1em;;padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks navbox-vertical mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Campaignbox_Romanian_military_actions_in_World_War_II" title="Template:Campaignbox Romanian military actions in World War II"><abbr title="View this template" style="color:inherit">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Campaignbox_Romanian_military_actions_in_World_War_II" title="Template talk:Campaignbox Romanian military actions in World War II"><abbr title="Discuss this template" style="color:inherit">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Campaignbox_Romanian_military_actions_in_World_War_II" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Campaignbox Romanian military actions in World War II"><abbr title="Edit this template" style="color:inherit">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Romanian_military_actions_in_World_War_II" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><span style="line-height:1.6em"><a href="/wiki/Romania_in_World_War_II" title="Romania in World War II"><span class="wrap"> Romanian military actions in World War II </span></a></span></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Soviet_occupation_of_Bessarabia_and_Northern_Bukovina" title="Soviet occupation of Bessarabia and Northern Bukovina">Bessarabia and Northern Bukovina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_Vienna_Award#Aftermath" title="Second Vienna Award">Northern Transylvania</a> (<a href="/wiki/Skirmish_at_Diosig" title="Skirmish at Diosig">Diosig</a>, <a href="/wiki/Treznea_massacre" title="Treznea massacre">Treznea</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ip_massacre" title="Ip massacre">Ip</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nu%C8%99fal%C4%83u_massacre" title="Nușfalău massacre">Nușfalău</a>)</li></ul> <dl><dt>As part of the Axis (1941–1944)</dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Legionnaires%27_rebellion_and_Bucharest_pogrom" title="Legionnaires' rebellion and Bucharest pogrom">Bucharest</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Danube_Delta_Campaign" title="Danube Delta Campaign">Danube Delta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raid_on_Constan%C8%9Ba" title="Raid on Constanța">Constanța</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_M%C3%BCnchen" title="Operation München"><i>München</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Uman" title="Battle of Uman">Uman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Odessa" title="Siege of Odessa">Odessa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_the_Sea_of_Azov" title="Battle of the Sea of Azov">Azov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Sevastopol_(1941%E2%80%931942)" title="Siege of Sevastopol (1941–1942)">Sevastopol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Rostov_(1941)" title="Battle of Rostov (1941)">Rostov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_the_Kerch_Peninsula" title="Battle of the Kerch Peninsula">Kerch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_Battle_of_Kharkov" title="Second Battle of Kharkov">Kharkov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Case_Blue" title="Case Blue">Blue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_the_Caucasus" title="Battle of the Caucasus"><i>Edelweiss</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Stalingrad" title="Battle of Stalingrad">Stalingrad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Uranus" title="Operation Uranus"><i>Uranus</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Winter_Storm" title="Operation Winter Storm"><i>Winter Storm</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Little_Saturn" title="Operation Little Saturn"><i>Little Saturn</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Western_Allied_Campaign_in_Romania" title="Western Allied Campaign in Romania">Western Allied Campaign</a> (<a href="/wiki/Operation_Tidal_Wave" title="Operation Tidal Wave"><i>Tidal Wave</i></a>, <a href="/wiki/Bombing_of_Bucharest_in_World_War_II" title="Bombing of Bucharest in World War II">Bucharest</a>, <a href="/wiki/Operation_Frantic" title="Operation Frantic"><i>Frantic</i></a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kerch%E2%80%93Eltigen_operation" title="Kerch–Eltigen operation">Kerch-Eltigen</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Dnieper</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dnieper%E2%80%93Carpathian_offensive" title="Dnieper–Carpathian offensive">Dnieper–Carpathian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uman%E2%80%93Boto%C8%99ani_offensive" title="Uman–Botoșani offensive">Uman–Botoșani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/First_Jassy%E2%80%93Kishinev_offensive" title="First Jassy–Kishinev offensive">1st Jassy–Kishinev</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crimean_offensive" title="Crimean offensive">Crimea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_Jassy%E2%80%93Kishinev_offensive" title="Second Jassy–Kishinev offensive">2nd Jassy–Kishinev</a></li></ul> <dl><dt>As part of the Allies (1944–1945)</dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Margarethe_II" title="Operation Margarethe II"><i>Margarethe II</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Reunion" title="Operation Reunion"><i>Reunion</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Turda" title="Battle of Turda">Turda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_P%C4%83uli%C8%99" title="Battle of Păuliș">Păuliș</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Carei" title="Battle of Carei">Carei</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Debrecen" title="Battle of Debrecen">Debrecen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Budapest" title="Siege of Budapest">Budapest</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bratislava%E2%80%93Brno_offensive" title="Bratislava–Brno offensive">Bratislava–Brno</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prague_offensive" title="Prague offensive">Prague</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></div> <p>The <b>Battle of the Dnieper</b> was a <a href="/wiki/Military_campaign" title="Military campaign">military campaign</a> that took place in 1943 on the <a href="/wiki/Eastern_Front_(World_War_II)" title="Eastern Front (World War II)">Eastern Front</a> of <a href="/wiki/World_War_II" title="World War II">World War II</a>. Being one of the largest operations of the war, it involved almost four million troops at one point and stretched over a 1,400 kilometres (870 mi) front. Over four months, the eastern bank of the <a href="/wiki/Dnieper" title="Dnieper">Dnieper</a> was recovered from <a href="/wiki/Nazi_Germany" title="Nazi Germany">German</a> forces by five of the <a href="/wiki/Red_Army" title="Red Army">Red Army</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Front_(military_formation)" title="Front (military formation)">fronts</a>, which conducted several assault river crossings to establish several <a href="/wiki/Lodgement" title="Lodgement">lodgements</a> on the western bank. <a href="/wiki/Kyiv" title="Kyiv">Kiev</a> was later liberated in the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Kiev_(1943)" title="Battle of Kiev (1943)">Battle of Kiev</a>. 2,438 Red Army soldiers were awarded the title <a href="/wiki/Hero_of_the_Soviet_Union" title="Hero of the Soviet Union">Hero of the Soviet Union</a> for their involvement.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r886046785">.mw-parser-output .toclimit-2 .toclevel-1 ul,.mw-parser-output .toclimit-3 .toclevel-2 ul,.mw-parser-output .toclimit-4 .toclevel-3 ul,.mw-parser-output .toclimit-5 .toclevel-4 ul,.mw-parser-output .toclimit-6 .toclevel-5 ul,.mw-parser-output .toclimit-7 .toclevel-6 ul{display:none}</style><div class="toclimit-3"><meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Strategic_situation">Strategic situation</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_the_Dnieper&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Strategic situation"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Following the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Kursk" title="Battle of Kursk">Battle of Kursk</a>, the Wehrmacht<span class="nowrap" style="padding-left:0.1em;">'</span>s <a href="/wiki/German_Army_(Wehrmacht)" class="mw-redirect" title="German Army (Wehrmacht)"><i>Heer</i></a> and supporting <i><a href="/wiki/Luftwaffe" title="Luftwaffe">Luftwaffe</a></i> forces in the southern <a href="/wiki/Soviet_Union" title="Soviet Union">Soviet Union</a> were on the defensive in <a href="/wiki/Southern_Ukraine" title="Southern Ukraine">southern Ukraine</a>. By mid-August, <a href="/wiki/Adolf_Hitler" title="Adolf Hitler">Adolf Hitler</a> understood that the forthcoming Soviet offensive could not be contained on the open steppe and ordered construction of a series of fortifications along the line of the <a href="/wiki/Dnieper" title="Dnieper">Dnieper</a> river. </p><p>On the Soviet side, <a href="/wiki/Joseph_Stalin" title="Joseph Stalin">Joseph Stalin</a> was determined to launch a major offensive in Ukraine. The main thrust of the offensive was in a southwesterly direction; the northern flank being largely stabilized, the southern flank rested on the <a href="/wiki/Sea_of_Azov" title="Sea of Azov">Sea of Azov</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Planning">Planning</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_the_Dnieper&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Planning"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Soviet_planning">Soviet planning</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_the_Dnieper&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Soviet planning"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1251242444"><table class="box-Unreferenced_section plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Unreferenced" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Question_book-new.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/50px-Question_book-new.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/75px-Question_book-new.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/100px-Question_book-new.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="399" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This section <b>does not <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources">cite</a> any <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">sources</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help <a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Battle_of_the_Dnieper" title="Special:EditPage/Battle of the Dnieper">improve this section</a> by <a href="/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners" title="Help:Referencing for beginners">adding citations to reliable sources</a>. Unsourced material may be challenged and <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability#Burden_of_evidence" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">removed</a>.</span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">April 2017</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237032888/mw-parser-output/.tmulti">.mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner{display:flex;flex-direction:column}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{display:flex;flex-direction:row;clear:left;flex-wrap:wrap;width:100%;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{margin:1px;float:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .theader{clear:both;font-weight:bold;text-align:center;align-self:center;background-color:transparent;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbcaption{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-left{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-right{text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-center{text-align:center}@media all and (max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbinner{width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:none!important;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{justify-content:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{float:none!important;max-width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle .thumbcaption{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow>.thumbcaption{text-align:center}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner img{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner img{background-color:white}}</style><div class="thumb tmulti tleft"><div class="thumbinner multiimageinner" style="width:372px;max-width:372px"><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:122px;max-width:122px"><div class="thumbimage"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Konstanty_Rokossowski,_1945.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Konstanty_Rokossowski%2C_1945.jpg/120px-Konstanty_Rokossowski%2C_1945.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="163" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Konstanty_Rokossowski%2C_1945.jpg/180px-Konstanty_Rokossowski%2C_1945.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Konstanty_Rokossowski%2C_1945.jpg/240px-Konstanty_Rokossowski%2C_1945.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2755" data-file-height="3746" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption">Central Front <a href="/wiki/Konstantin_Rokossovsky" title="Konstantin Rokossovsky">Konstantin Rokossovsky</a></div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:122px;max-width:122px"><div class="thumbimage"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:IS_Konev_01.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/IS_Konev_01.jpg/120px-IS_Konev_01.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="170" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/IS_Konev_01.jpg/180px-IS_Konev_01.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/IS_Konev_01.jpg/240px-IS_Konev_01.jpg 2x" data-file-width="400" data-file-height="565" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption">Steppe Front <a href="/wiki/Ivan_Konev" title="Ivan Konev">Ivan Konev</a></div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:122px;max-width:122px"><div class="thumbimage"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Rodion_Malinovsky_1.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Rodion_Malinovsky_1.jpg/120px-Rodion_Malinovsky_1.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="161" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Rodion_Malinovsky_1.jpg/180px-Rodion_Malinovsky_1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Rodion_Malinovsky_1.jpg/240px-Rodion_Malinovsky_1.jpg 2x" data-file-width="671" data-file-height="900" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption">Southwestern Front <a href="/wiki/Rodion_Malinovsky" title="Rodion Malinovsky">Rodion Malinovsky</a></div></div></div></div></div> <p>The operation began on 26 August 1943. Divisions started to move on a 1,400-kilometer front that stretched between <a href="/wiki/Smolensk" title="Smolensk">Smolensk</a> and the Sea of Azov. Overall, the operation would be executed by 36 Combined Arms, four Tank and five Air Armies. 2,650,000 personnel were brought into the ranks for this massive operation. The operation would use 51,000 guns and mortars, 2,400 tanks and 2,850 planes. </p><p>The Dnieper is the third largest river in <a href="/wiki/Europe" title="Europe">Europe</a>, behind only the <a href="/wiki/Volga" title="Volga">Volga</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Danube" title="Danube">Danube</a>. In its lower part, its width can easily reach three kilometres, and being dammed in several places made it even larger. Moreover, its western shore—the one still to be retaken—was much higher and steeper than the eastern, complicating the offensive even further. In addition, the opposite shore was transformed into a vast complex of defenses and <a href="/wiki/Fortification" title="Fortification">fortifications</a> held by the <i>Wehrmacht</i>. </p><p>Faced with such a situation, the Soviet commanders had two options. The first would be to give themselves time to regroup their forces, find a weak point or two to exploit (not necessarily in the lower part of the Dnieper), stage a <a href="/wiki/Breakthrough_(military)" title="Breakthrough (military)">breakthrough</a> and encircle the German defenders far in the rear, rendering the defence line unsupplied and next to useless (very much like the German <a href="/wiki/Panzer" class="mw-redirect" title="Panzer">Panzers</a> bypassed the <a href="/wiki/Maginot_line" class="mw-redirect" title="Maginot line">Maginot line</a> in 1940). This option was supported by Marshal <a href="/wiki/Georgy_Zhukov" title="Georgy Zhukov">Georgy Zhukov</a> and Deputy Chief of Staff <a href="/wiki/Aleksei_Antonov" title="Aleksei Antonov">Aleksei Antonov</a>, who considered the substantial losses after the Battle of Kursk. The second option would be to stage a massive assault without waiting, and force the Dnieper on a broad front. This option left no additional time for the German defenders, but would lead to much larger casualties than would a successful deep operation breakthrough. This second option was backed by Stalin due to the concern that the German "scorched earth" policy might devastate this region if the Red Army did not advance fast enough. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Stavka#Stavka_of_the_RKKA_during_World_War_II" title="Stavka">Stavka</a> (the Soviet high command) chose the second option. Instead of deep penetration and encirclement, the Soviet intended to make full use of partisan activities to intervene and disrupt Germany's supply route so that the Germans could not effectively send reinforcements or take away Soviet industrial facilities in the region. Stavka also paid high attention to the possible scorched earth activities of German forces with a view to preventing them by a rapid advance. </p><p>The assault was staged on a 300-kilometer front almost simultaneously. All available means of transport were to be used to transport the attackers to the opposite shore, including small fishing boats and improvised rafts of barrels and trees (like the one in the photograph). The preparation of the crossing equipment was further complicated by the German scorched earth strategy with the total destruction of all boats and <a href="/wiki/Raft_building" class="mw-redirect" title="Raft building">raft building</a> material in the area. The crucial issue would obviously be heavy equipment. Without it, the <a href="/wiki/Bridgehead" title="Bridgehead">bridgeheads</a> would not stand for long. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Soviet_organisation">Soviet organisation</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_the_Dnieper&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Soviet organisation"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Central_Front_(Soviet_Union)" class="mw-redirect" title="Central Front (Soviet Union)">Central Front</a> (known as the <a href="/wiki/1st_Belorussian_Front" title="1st Belorussian Front">Belorussian Front</a> after 20 October 1943), commanded by <a href="/wiki/Konstantin_Rokossovsky" title="Konstantin Rokossovsky">Konstantin Rokossovsky</a> and accounted for 579,600 soldiers (took no part in the Dnieper battle after 3 October) <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2nd_Tank_Army" class="mw-redirect" title="2nd Tank Army">2nd Tank Army</a>, led by <a href="/wiki/Alexey_Rodin_(general)" class="mw-redirect" title="Alexey Rodin (general)">Aleksei Rodin</a> / <a href="/wiki/Semyon_Bogdanov" title="Semyon Bogdanov">Semyon Bogdanov</a> <small>(since September)</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/9th_Tank_Corps_(Soviet_Union)" class="mw-redirect" title="9th Tank Corps (Soviet Union)">9th Tank Corps</a>, led by Hryhoriy Rudchenko (KIA), Boris Bakharov</li> <li><a href="/wiki/60th_Army_(Soviet_Union)" title="60th Army (Soviet Union)">60th Army</a>, led by <a href="/wiki/Ivan_Chernyakhovsky" title="Ivan Chernyakhovsky">Ivan Chernyakhovsky</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/13th_Army_(Soviet_Union)" title="13th Army (Soviet Union)">13th Army</a>, led by <a href="/wiki/Nikolay_Pukhov" class="mw-redirect" title="Nikolay Pukhov">Nikolay Pukhov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/65th_Army_(Soviet_Union)" class="mw-redirect" title="65th Army (Soviet Union)">65th Army</a>, led by <a href="/wiki/Pavel_Batov" title="Pavel Batov">Pavel Batov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/61st_Army_(Soviet_Union)" title="61st Army (Soviet Union)">61st Army</a>, led by <a href="/wiki/Pavel_Alexeyevich_Belov" class="mw-redirect" title="Pavel Alexeyevich Belov">Pavel Belov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/48th_Army_(Soviet_Union)" title="48th Army (Soviet Union)">48th Army</a>, led by <a href="/wiki/Prokofy_Romanenko" title="Prokofy Romanenko">Prokofy Romanenko</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/70th_Army_(Soviet_Union)" title="70th Army (Soviet Union)">70th Army</a>, led by <a href="/wiki/Ivan_Galanin" title="Ivan Galanin">Ivan Galanin</a> / Vladimir Sharapov <small>(September – October)</small> / <a href="/wiki/Aleksei_Aleksandrovich_Grechkin" title="Aleksei Aleksandrovich Grechkin">Aleksei Grechkin</a> <small>(since October)</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/16th_Air_Army" title="16th Air Army">16th Air Army</a>, led by <a href="/wiki/Sergei_Rudenko_(general)" title="Sergei Rudenko (general)">Sergei Rudenko</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Voronezh_Front" class="mw-redirect" title="Voronezh Front">Voronezh Front</a> (known as the <a href="/wiki/1st_Ukrainian_Front" title="1st Ukrainian Front">1st Ukrainian Front</a> after 20 October 1943), commanded by <a href="/wiki/Nikolai_Fyodorovich_Vatutin" class="mw-redirect" title="Nikolai Fyodorovich Vatutin">Nikolai Vatutin</a> and accounted for 665,500 soldiers <ul><li><a href="/wiki/3rd_Guards_Tank_Army_(Soviet_Union)" class="mw-redirect" title="3rd Guards Tank Army (Soviet Union)">3rd Guards Tank Army</a>, led by <a href="/wiki/Pavel_Rybalko" title="Pavel Rybalko">Pavel Rybalko</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1st_Tank_Army" class="mw-redirect" title="1st Tank Army">1st Tank Army</a>, led by <a href="/wiki/Mikhail_Katukov" title="Mikhail Katukov">Mikhail Katukov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/4th_Guards_Tank_Corps" class="mw-redirect" title="4th Guards Tank Corps">4th Guards Tank Corps</a>, led by Pavel Poluboyarov</li> <li>1st Guard Cavalry Corps, led by <a href="/wiki/Viktor_Kirillovich_Baranov" title="Viktor Kirillovich Baranov">Viktor Baranov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/5th_Guards_Army" title="5th Guards Army">5th Guards Army</a>, led by <a href="/wiki/Aleksey_Semenovich_Zhadov" class="mw-redirect" title="Aleksey Semenovich Zhadov">Aleksei Zhadov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/4th_Guards_Army" title="4th Guards Army">4th Guards Army</a>, led by <a href="/wiki/Grigory_Kulik" title="Grigory Kulik">Grigory Kulik</a> / Aleksei Zygin (KIA) / Ivan Galanin</li> <li><a href="/wiki/6th_Guards_Army" title="6th Guards Army">6th Guards Army</a>, led by <a href="/wiki/Ivan_Chistyakov" title="Ivan Chistyakov">Ivan Chistyakov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/38th_Army_(Soviet_Union)" title="38th Army (Soviet Union)">38th Army</a>, led by <a href="/wiki/Nikandr_Chibisov" title="Nikandr Chibisov">Nikandr Chibisov</a> / <a href="/wiki/Kirill_Moskalenko" title="Kirill Moskalenko">Kirill Moskalenko</a> <small>(since October)</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/47th_Army" title="47th Army">47th Army</a>, led by Pavel Korzun / <a href="/wiki/Filipp_Zhmachenko" title="Filipp Zhmachenko">Filipp Zhmachenko</a> <small>(September – October)</small> / Vitaliy Polenov <small>(since October)</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/27th_Army_(Soviet_Union)" title="27th Army (Soviet Union)">27th Army</a>, led by <a href="/wiki/Sergei_Trofimenko" title="Sergei Trofimenko">Sergei Trofimenko</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/52nd_Army_(Soviet_Union)" title="52nd Army (Soviet Union)">52nd Army</a>, led by <a href="/wiki/Konstantin_Koroteev" class="mw-redirect" title="Konstantin Koroteev">Konstantin Koroteev</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2nd_Air_Army" title="2nd Air Army">2nd Air Army</a>, led by <a href="/wiki/Stepan_Krasovsky" title="Stepan Krasovsky">Stepan Krasovsky</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Steppe_Front" title="Steppe Front">Steppe Front</a> (known as the <a href="/wiki/2nd_Ukrainian_Front" title="2nd Ukrainian Front">2nd Ukrainian Front</a> after 20 October 1943), commanded by <a href="/wiki/Ivan_Konev" title="Ivan Konev">Ivan Konev</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Southwestern_Front_(Soviet_Union)" title="Southwestern Front (Soviet Union)">Southwestern Front</a> (known as the <a href="/wiki/3rd_Ukrainian_Front" title="3rd Ukrainian Front">3rd Ukrainian Front</a> after 20 October 1943), commanded by <a href="/wiki/Rodion_Malinovsky" title="Rodion Malinovsky">Rodion Malinovsky</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Southern_Front_(Soviet_Union)" title="Southern Front (Soviet Union)">Southern Front</a> (known as the <a href="/wiki/4th_Ukrainian_Front" title="4th Ukrainian Front">4th Ukrainian Front</a> after 20 October 1943), commanded by <a href="/wiki/Fyodor_Tolbukhin" title="Fyodor Tolbukhin">Fyodor Tolbukhin</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="German_planning">German planning</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_the_Dnieper&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: German planning"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Panther-Wotan_line" class="mw-redirect" title="Panther-Wotan line">Panther-Wotan line</a></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1237032888/mw-parser-output/.tmulti"><div class="thumb tmulti tright"><div class="thumbinner multiimageinner" style="width:124px;max-width:124px"><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:122px;max-width:122px"><div class="thumbimage"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Bundesarchiv_Bild_183-H01757,_Erich_von_Manstein.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Bundesarchiv_Bild_183-H01757%2C_Erich_von_Manstein.jpg/120px-Bundesarchiv_Bild_183-H01757%2C_Erich_von_Manstein.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="163" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Bundesarchiv_Bild_183-H01757%2C_Erich_von_Manstein.jpg/180px-Bundesarchiv_Bild_183-H01757%2C_Erich_von_Manstein.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Bundesarchiv_Bild_183-H01757%2C_Erich_von_Manstein.jpg/240px-Bundesarchiv_Bild_183-H01757%2C_Erich_von_Manstein.jpg 2x" data-file-width="588" data-file-height="797" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption">Army Group South <a href="/wiki/Erich_von_Manstein" title="Erich von Manstein">Erich von Manstein</a></div></div></div></div></div> <p>The order to construct the Dnieper defence complex, known as "Ostwall" or "Eastern Wall", was issued on 11 August 1943 and immediately began to be executed. </p><p>Fortifications were erected along the length of the Dnieper. However, there was no hope of completing such an extensive defensive line in the short time available. Therefore, the completion of the "Eastern Wall" was not uniform in its density and depth of fortifications. Instead, they were concentrated in areas where a Soviet assault-crossing were most likely to be attempted, such as near <a href="/wiki/Kremenchuk" title="Kremenchuk">Kremenchuk</a>, <a href="/wiki/Zaporizhia" class="mw-redirect" title="Zaporizhia">Zaporizhia</a> and <a href="/wiki/Nikopol,_Ukraine" title="Nikopol, Ukraine">Nikopol</a>. </p><p>Additionally, on 7 September 1943, the SS forces and the Wehrmacht received orders to implement a <a href="/wiki/Scorched_earth" title="Scorched earth">scorched earth</a> policy, by stripping the areas they had to abandon of anything that could be used by the Soviet war effort. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="German_organisation">German organisation</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_the_Dnieper&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: German organisation"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Luftflotte_2" title="Luftflotte 2">Luftflotte 2</a> <small>(selected units)</small> – <a href="/wiki/Wolfram_Freiherr_von_Richthofen" class="mw-redirect" title="Wolfram Freiherr von Richthofen">Wolfram Freiherr von Richthofen</a></li> <li>(in Ukraine) <a href="/wiki/Army_Group_South" title="Army Group South">Army Group South</a> – <a href="/wiki/Erich_von_Manstein" title="Erich von Manstein">Erich von Manstein</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/4th_Panzer_Army" title="4th Panzer Army">4th Panzer Army</a> – <a href="/wiki/Hermann_Hoth" title="Hermann Hoth">Hermann Hoth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1st_Panzer_Army" title="1st Panzer Army">1st Panzer Army</a> – <a href="/wiki/Eberhard_von_Mackensen" title="Eberhard von Mackensen">Eberhard von Mackensen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/8th_Army_(Wehrmacht)" title="8th Army (Wehrmacht)">8th Army</a> – <a href="/wiki/Otto_Wohler" class="mw-redirect" title="Otto Wohler">Otto Wohler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/6th_Army_(Wehrmacht)" title="6th Army (Wehrmacht)">6th Army</a> – <a href="/wiki/Karl-Adolf_Hollidt" title="Karl-Adolf Hollidt">Karl-Adolf Hollidt</a> (transferred to Army Group A control)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luftflotte_4" title="Luftflotte 4">Luftflotte 4</a> – <a href="/wiki/Wolfram_Freiherr_von_Richthofen" class="mw-redirect" title="Wolfram Freiherr von Richthofen">Wolfram Freiherr von Richthofen</a> / <a href="/wiki/Otto_De%C3%9Floch" title="Otto Deßloch">Otto Deßloch</a> <small>(since September)</small></li></ul></li> <li>(in Crimea) <a href="/wiki/Army_Group_A" title="Army Group A">Army Group A</a> – <a href="/wiki/Paul_Ludwig_Ewald_von_Kleist" title="Paul Ludwig Ewald von Kleist">Ewald von Kleist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Army_Group_Center" class="mw-redirect" title="Army Group Center">Army Group Center</a> – <a href="/wiki/G%C3%BCnther_von_Kluge" title="Günther von Kluge">Günther von Kluge</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2nd_Army_(Wehrmacht)" title="2nd Army (Wehrmacht)">2nd Army</a> – <a href="/wiki/Walter_Wei%C3%9F" title="Walter Weiß">Walter Weiß</a> (took no part in the Dnieper battle after 3 October)</li></ul></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Description_of_the_strategic_operation">Description of the strategic operation</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_the_Dnieper&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Description of the strategic operation"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Initial_attack">Initial attack</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_the_Dnieper&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Initial attack"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:%D0%91%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%B0_%D0%B7%D0%B0_%D0%94%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BF%D1%80.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/%D0%91%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%B0_%D0%B7%D0%B0_%D0%94%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BF%D1%80.jpg/220px-%D0%91%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%B0_%D0%B7%D0%B0_%D0%94%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BF%D1%80.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="176" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/%D0%91%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%B0_%D0%B7%D0%B0_%D0%94%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BF%D1%80.jpg/330px-%D0%91%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%B0_%D0%B7%D0%B0_%D0%94%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BF%D1%80.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/%D0%91%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%B0_%D0%B7%D0%B0_%D0%94%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BF%D1%80.jpg/440px-%D0%91%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%B0_%D0%B7%D0%B0_%D0%94%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BF%D1%80.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="802" /></a><figcaption>Battle of the Dnieper</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Hitlerdnieper.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Hitlerdnieper.jpg/220px-Hitlerdnieper.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="163" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Hitlerdnieper.jpg/330px-Hitlerdnieper.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Hitlerdnieper.jpg/440px-Hitlerdnieper.jpg 2x" data-file-width="770" data-file-height="571" /></a><figcaption>German soldiers manning defensive positions on the Dnieper</figcaption></figure> <p>Despite a great superiority in numbers, the offensive was by no means easy. German opposition was ferocious and the fighting raged for every town and city. The <i>Wehrmacht</i> made extensive use of <a href="/wiki/Rearguard" title="Rearguard">rear guards</a>, leaving some troops in each city and on each hill, slowing the Soviet offensive. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Progress_of_the_offensive">Progress of the offensive</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_the_Dnieper&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Progress of the offensive"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:%D0%9F%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B0_%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%B9%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D1%83%D1%8E%D1%89%D0%B8%D1%85_%D1%87%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%B9_%D0%9A%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B9_%D0%90%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%B8_%D1%87%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B7_%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%83_%D0%94%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BF%D1%80.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f1/%D0%9F%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B0_%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%B9%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D1%83%D1%8E%D1%89%D0%B8%D1%85_%D1%87%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%B9_%D0%9A%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B9_%D0%90%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%B8_%D1%87%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B7_%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%83_%D0%94%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BF%D1%80.jpg/220px-%D0%9F%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B0_%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%B9%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D1%83%D1%8E%D1%89%D0%B8%D1%85_%D1%87%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%B9_%D0%9A%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B9_%D0%90%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%B8_%D1%87%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B7_%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%83_%D0%94%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BF%D1%80.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="153" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f1/%D0%9F%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B0_%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%B9%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D1%83%D1%8E%D1%89%D0%B8%D1%85_%D1%87%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%B9_%D0%9A%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B9_%D0%90%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%B8_%D1%87%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B7_%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%83_%D0%94%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BF%D1%80.jpg/330px-%D0%9F%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B0_%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%B9%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D1%83%D1%8E%D1%89%D0%B8%D1%85_%D1%87%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%B9_%D0%9A%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B9_%D0%90%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%B8_%D1%87%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B7_%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%83_%D0%94%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BF%D1%80.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f1/%D0%9F%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B0_%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%B9%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D1%83%D1%8E%D1%89%D0%B8%D1%85_%D1%87%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%B9_%D0%9A%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B9_%D0%90%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%B8_%D1%87%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B7_%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%83_%D0%94%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BF%D1%80.jpg/440px-%D0%9F%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B0_%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%B9%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D1%83%D1%8E%D1%89%D0%B8%D1%85_%D1%87%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%B9_%D0%9A%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B9_%D0%90%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%B8_%D1%87%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B7_%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%83_%D0%94%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BF%D1%80.jpg 2x" data-file-width="770" data-file-height="536" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Soviet_Union" title="Soviet Union">Soviet</a> soldiers crossing the <a href="/wiki/Dnieper_River" class="mw-redirect" title="Dnieper River">Dnieper</a> on improvised <a href="/wiki/Raft" title="Raft">rafts</a></figcaption></figure> <p>Three weeks after the start of the offensive, and despite heavy losses on the Soviet side, it became clear that the Germans could not hope to contain the Soviet offensive in the flat, open terrain of the steppes, where the Red Army's numerical strength would prevail. Manstein asked for as many as 12 new divisions in the hope of containing the Soviet offensive – but German reserves were perilously thin. </p><p>On 15 September 1943, Hitler ordered Army Group South to retreat to the Dnieper defence line. The battle for <a href="/wiki/Poltava" title="Poltava">Poltava</a> was especially bitter. The city was heavily fortified and its garrison well prepared. After a few inconclusive days that greatly slowed down the Soviet offensive, Marshal Konev decided to bypass the city and rush towards the Dnieper. After two days of violent <a href="/wiki/Urban_warfare" title="Urban warfare">urban warfare</a>, the Poltava garrison was overcome. Towards the end of September 1943, Soviet forces reached the lower part of the Dnieper. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Dnieper_airborne_operation">Dnieper airborne operation</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_the_Dnieper&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Dnieper airborne operation"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1251242444"><table class="box-No_footnotes plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-style ambox-No_footnotes" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Text_document_with_red_question_mark.svg/40px-Text_document_with_red_question_mark.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Text_document_with_red_question_mark.svg/60px-Text_document_with_red_question_mark.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Text_document_with_red_question_mark.svg/80px-Text_document_with_red_question_mark.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="48" data-file-height="48" /></span></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This section includes a <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources">list of references</a>, <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Further_reading" title="Wikipedia:Further reading">related reading</a>, or <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:External_links" title="Wikipedia:External links">external links</a>, <b>but its sources remain unclear because it lacks <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources#Inline_citations" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources">inline citations</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Fact_and_Reference_Check" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:WikiProject Fact and Reference Check">improve</a> this section by <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:When_to_cite" title="Wikipedia:When to cite">introducing</a> more precise citations.</span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">September 2022</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Ivan_Chernyakhovsky_2.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/Ivan_Chernyakhovsky_2.jpg/220px-Ivan_Chernyakhovsky_2.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="156" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/Ivan_Chernyakhovsky_2.jpg/330px-Ivan_Chernyakhovsky_2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/Ivan_Chernyakhovsky_2.jpg/440px-Ivan_Chernyakhovsky_2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="550" data-file-height="390" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Ivan_Chernyakhovsky" title="Ivan Chernyakhovsky">Ivan Chernyakhovsky</a> and other members of his military council on the eve of the Battle of the Dnieper, 1943</figcaption></figure> <p>(The following is, largely, a synopsis of an account by Glantz<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> with support from an account by Staskov.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>)<sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability"><span title="The material near this tag needs to be fact-checked with the cited source(s). (April 2017)">verification needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>Stavka detached the <a href="/wiki/Central_Front_(Soviet_Union)" class="mw-redirect" title="Central Front (Soviet Union)">Central Front</a>'s <a href="/wiki/3rd_Guards_Tank_Army_(Soviet_Union)" class="mw-redirect" title="3rd Guards Tank Army (Soviet Union)">3rd Tank Army</a> to the <a href="/wiki/Voronezh_Front" class="mw-redirect" title="Voronezh Front">Voronezh Front</a> to race the weakening Germans to the Dnieper, to save the wheat crop from the German scorched earth policy, and to achieve strategic or operational river bridgeheads before a German defence could stabilize there. The 3rd Tank Army, plunging headlong, reached the river on the night of 21–22 September and, on 23 September, Soviet infantry forces crossed by swimming and by using makeshift rafts to secure small, fragile bridgeheads, opposed only by 120 German Cherkassy flak academy NCO candidates and the hard-pressed 19th Panzer Division Reconnaissance Battalion. Those forces were the only Germans within 60 km of the Dnieper loop. Only a heavy German air attack and a lack of bridging equipment kept Soviet heavy weaponry from crossing and expanding the bridgehead. </p><p>The Soviets, sensing a critical juncture, ordered a hasty airborne corps assault to increase the size of the bridgehead before the Germans could counterattack. On 21 September, the Voronezh Front's 1st, 3rd and 5th Guards <a href="/wiki/Soviet_Airborne_Forces" title="Soviet Airborne Forces">Airborne</a> Brigades got the urgent call to secure, on 23 September, a bridgehead perimeter 15 to 20 km wide and 30 km deep on the Dnieper loop between Kaniv and Rzhishchev, while Front elements forced the river. </p><p>The arrival of personnel at the airfields was slow, necessitating, on 23 September, a one-day delay and omission of 1st Brigade from the plan; consequent mission changes caused near chaos in command channels. Mission change orders finally got down to company commanders, on the 24 September, just 15 minutes before their units, not yet provisioned with spades, anti-tank mines, or ponchos for the autumn night frosts, assembled on airfields. Owing to the weather, not all assigned aircraft had arrived at airfields on time (if at all). Further, most flight safety officers disallowed maximum loading of their aircraft. Given fewer aircraft (and lower than expected capacities), the master loading plan, ruined, was abandoned. Many radios and supplies got left behind. In the best case, it would take three lifts to deliver the two brigades. Units (still arriving by the overtaxed rail system), were loaded piecemeal onto returned aircraft, which were slow to refuel owing to the less-than-expected capacities of fuel trucks. Meanwhile, already-arrived troops changed planes, seeking earlier flights. Urgency and the fuel shortage prevented aerial assembly aloft. Most aircraft, as soon as they were loaded and fueled, flew in single file, instead of line abreast, to the dropping points. Assault waves became as intermingled as the units they carried. </p><p>As corps elements made their flights, troops (half of whom had never jumped, except from training towers) were briefed on drop zones, assembly areas and objectives only poorly understood by platoon commanders still studying new orders. Meanwhile, Soviet aerial photography, suspended for several days by bad weather, had missed the strong reinforcement of the area, early that afternoon. Non-combat cargo pilots ferrying 3rd Brigade through drizzle expected no resistance beyond river pickets but, instead, were met by anti-aircraft fire and flares from the <a href="/wiki/19th_Panzer_Division" title="19th Panzer Division">19th Panzer Division</a> (only coincidentally transiting the drop zone, and just one of six divisions and other formations ordered, on the 21st, to fill the gap in front of the 3rd Tank Army). Lead aircraft, disgorging <a href="/wiki/Paratrooper" title="Paratrooper">paratroopers</a> over Dubari at 1930h, came under fire from elements of the 73rd Panzer Grenadier Regiment and division staff of 19th Panzer Division. Some paratroopers began returning fire and throwing grenades even before landing; trailing aircraft accelerated, climbed and evaded, dropping wide. Through the night, some pilots avoided flare-lit drop points entirely, and 13 aircraft returned to airfields without having dropped at all. Intending a 10 by 14 km drop over largely undefended terrain, the Soviets instead achieved a 30 by 90 km drop over the fastest mobile elements of two German corps. </p><p>On the ground, the Germans used white parachutes as beacons to hunt down and kill disorganized groups and to gather and destroy airdropped supplies. Supply bonfires, glowing embers, and multi-color starshells illuminated the battlefield. Captured documents gave the Germans enough knowledge of Soviet objectives to arrive at most of them before the disorganized paratroopers. </p><p>Back at the Soviet airfields, the fuel shortage allowed only 298 of 500 planned sorties, leaving corps anti-tank guns and 2,017 paratroops undelivered. Of 4,575 men dropped (seventy percent of the planned number, and just 1,525 from 5th Brigade), some 2,300 eventually assembled into 43 ad hoc groups, with missions abandoned as hopeless, and spent most of their time seeking supplies not yet destroyed by the Germans. Others joined with the nine <a href="/wiki/Soviet_partisans" title="Soviet partisans">partisan</a> groups operating in the area. About 230 made it over (or out of) the Dnieper to Front units (or were originally dropped there). Most of the rest were captured that first night or killed the next day (although, on that first night, the 3rd Co, 73rd Panzer Grenadier Regiment, suffered heavy losses while annihilating about 150 paratroopers near Grushevo, some 3 km west of Dubari). </p><p>The Germans underestimated that 1,500 to 2,000 had dropped; they recorded 901 paratroops captured and killed in the first 24 hours. Thereafter, they largely ignored the Soviet paratroopers, to counterattack and truncate the Dnieper bridgeheads. The Germans deemed their anti-paratrooper operations completed by the 26th, although a modicum of opportunistic actions against garrisons, rail lines, and columns were conducted by remnants up to early November. For a lack of manpower to clear all areas, fighters in the area's forests would remain a minor threat. </p><p>The Germans called the operation a fundamentally sound idea ruined by the dilettantism of planners lacking expert knowledge (but praised individual paratroopers for their tenacity, bayonet skills, and deft use of broken ground in the sparsely wooded northern region). Stavka deemed this second (and, ultimately, last) corps drop a complete failure; lessons they knew they had already learned from their winter offensive corps drop at Viazma had not stuck. They would never trust themselves to try it again. </p><p>Soviet 5th Guards Airborne Brigade commander Sidorchuk, withdrawing to the forests south, eventually amassed a brigade-size command, half paratroops, half partisans; he obtained air supply, and assisted the 2nd Ukrainian Front over the Dnieper near Cherkassy to finally link up with Front forces on 15 November. After 13 more days of combat, the airborne element was evacuated, ending a harrowing two months. More than sixty percent never returned. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Assaulting_the_Dnieper">Assaulting the Dnieper</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_the_Dnieper&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Assaulting the Dnieper"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Dayosh_Kiev.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/Dayosh_Kiev.jpg/220px-Dayosh_Kiev.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="134" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/Dayosh_Kiev.jpg/330px-Dayosh_Kiev.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/Dayosh_Kiev.jpg/440px-Dayosh_Kiev.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1920" data-file-height="1168" /></a><figcaption>Soviet soldiers preparing rafts to cross the Dnieper (the sign reads "Onwards to Kiev!")</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:%D0%9F%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%BB%D1%8F%D1%8E%D1%82_%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%88%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%8B_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%8B%D0%B9_%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B3_%D0%94%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B0.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/%D0%9F%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%BB%D1%8F%D1%8E%D1%82_%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%88%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%8B_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%8B%D0%B9_%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B3_%D0%94%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B0.jpg/220px-%D0%9F%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%BB%D1%8F%D1%8E%D1%82_%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%88%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%8B_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%8B%D0%B9_%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B3_%D0%94%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B0.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="148" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/%D0%9F%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%BB%D1%8F%D1%8E%D1%82_%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%88%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%8B_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%8B%D0%B9_%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B3_%D0%94%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B0.jpg/330px-%D0%9F%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%BB%D1%8F%D1%8E%D1%82_%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%88%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%8B_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%8B%D0%B9_%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B3_%D0%94%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B0.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/%D0%9F%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%BB%D1%8F%D1%8E%D1%82_%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%88%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%8B_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%8B%D0%B9_%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B3_%D0%94%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B0.jpg/440px-%D0%9F%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%BB%D1%8F%D1%8E%D1%82_%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%88%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%8B_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%8B%D0%B9_%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B3_%D0%94%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B0.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1387" data-file-height="936" /></a><figcaption>Soviet trucks crossing the Dnieper on rafts</figcaption></figure> <p>The first bridgehead on the Dnieper's western shore was established on 22 September 1943 at the confluence of the Dnieper and <a href="/wiki/Pripyat_River" class="mw-redirect" title="Pripyat River">Pripyat</a> rivers, in the northern part of the front. On 24 September, another bridgehead was created near <a href="/wiki/Kamianske" title="Kamianske">Dniprodzerzhynsk</a>, another on 25 September near <a href="/wiki/Dnipropetrovsk" class="mw-redirect" title="Dnipropetrovsk">Dnipropetrovsk</a> and yet another on 28 September near Kremenchuk. By the end of the month, 23 bridgeheads were created on the western side, some of them 10 kilometers wide and 1–2 kilometres deep. </p><p>The crossing of the Dnieper was extremely difficult. Soldiers used every available floating device to cross the river, under heavy German fire and taking heavy losses. Once across, Soviet troops had to dig themselves into the clay ravines composing the Dnieper's western bank. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Securing_the_lodgements">Securing the lodgements</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_the_Dnieper&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Securing the lodgements"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Dnieper_Forcing_Offensive.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Dnieper_Forcing_Offensive.jpg/220px-Dnieper_Forcing_Offensive.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="96" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Dnieper_Forcing_Offensive.jpg/330px-Dnieper_Forcing_Offensive.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Dnieper_Forcing_Offensive.jpg/440px-Dnieper_Forcing_Offensive.jpg 2x" data-file-width="547" data-file-height="238" /></a><figcaption>Soviet soldiers attacking on a lodgement in October 1943</figcaption></figure> <p>German troops soon launched heavy <a href="/wiki/Counterattack" title="Counterattack">counterattacks</a> on almost every bridgehead, hoping to annihilate them before heavy equipment could be transported across the river. </p><p>For instance, the Borodaevsk lodgement, mentioned by Marshal <a href="/wiki/Ivan_Konev" title="Ivan Konev">Konev</a> in his memoirs, came under heavy armored attack and air assault. Bombers attacked both the lodgement and the reinforcements crossing the river. Konev complained at once about a lack of organization of Soviet air support, set up air patrols to prevent bombers from approaching the lodgements and ordered forward more artillery to counter tank attacks from the opposite shore. When Soviet aviation became more organized and hundreds of guns and <a href="/wiki/Katyusha_rocket_launcher" title="Katyusha rocket launcher">Katyusha rocket launchers</a> began firing, the situation started to improve and the bridgehead was eventually preserved. </p><p>Such battles were commonplace on every lodgement. Although all the lodgements were held, losses were terrible – at the beginning of October, most divisions were at only 25 to 50% of their nominal strength. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Lower_Dnieper_offensive">Lower Dnieper offensive</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_the_Dnieper&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Lower Dnieper offensive"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>By mid-October, the forces accumulated on the lower Dnieper bridgeheads were strong enough to stage a first massive attack to definitely secure the river's western shore in the southern part of the front. Therefore, a vigorous attack was staged on the Kremenchuk-Dnipropetrovsk line. Simultaneously, a major diversion was conducted in the south to draw German forces away both from the Lower Dnieper and from Kiev. </p><p>At the end of the offensive, Soviet forces controlled a bridgehead 300 kilometers wide and up to 80 kilometers deep in some places. In the south, the Crimea was now cut off from the rest of the German forces. Any hope of stopping the Red Army on the Dnieper's east bank was lost. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Outcomes">Outcomes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_the_Dnieper&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Outcomes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Battle of the Dnieper was another defeat for the <i>Wehrmacht</i> that required it to restabilize the front further west. The Red Army, which Hitler hoped to contain at the Dnieper, forced the <i>Wehrmacht</i><span class="nowrap" style="padding-left:0.1em;">'</span>s defences. Kiev was recaptured and German troops lacked the forces to annihilate Soviet troops on the Lower Dnieper bridgeheads. The west bank was still in German hands for the most part, but both sides knew that it would not last for long. </p><p>Additionally, the Battle of the Dnieper demonstrated the strength of the Soviet partisan movement. The <a href="/wiki/Rail_War" title="Rail War">Rail War</a> operation staged during September and October 1943 struck German logistics very hard, creating heavy supply issues. </p><p>Incidentally, between 28 November and 1 December 1943 the <a href="/wiki/Tehran_conference" class="mw-redirect" title="Tehran conference">Tehran conference</a> was held between <a href="/wiki/Winston_Churchill" title="Winston Churchill">Winston Churchill</a>, <a href="/wiki/Franklin_D._Roosevelt" title="Franklin D. Roosevelt">Franklin D. Roosevelt</a>, and Stalin. The Battle of the Dnieper, along with other major offensives staged in 1943, certainly gave Stalin a dominant position for negotiating with his Allies. </p><p>The Soviet success during this battle created the conditions for the follow-up <a href="/wiki/Dnieper%E2%80%93Carpathian_Offensive" class="mw-redirect" title="Dnieper–Carpathian Offensive">Dnieper-Carpathian Offensive</a> on the <a href="/wiki/Right-bank_Ukraine" title="Right-bank Ukraine">right-bank Ukraine</a>, which was launched on 24 December 1943 from a bridgehead west of <a href="/wiki/Kiev" class="mw-redirect" title="Kiev">Kiev</a> that was secured during this battle.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The offensive brought the Red Army from the Dnieper all the way to <a href="/wiki/Galicia_(Eastern_Europe)" title="Galicia (Eastern Europe)">Galicia</a> (<a href="/wiki/Poland" title="Poland">Poland</a>), <a href="/wiki/Carpathian_Mountains" title="Carpathian Mountains">Carpathian Mountains</a> and <a href="/wiki/Romania" title="Romania">Romania</a>, with <a href="/wiki/Army_Group_South" title="Army Group South">Army Group South</a> being split into two parts- north and south of Carpathians. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Soviet_operational_phases">Soviet operational phases</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_the_Dnieper&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Soviet operational phases"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>From a Soviet operational point of view, the battle was broken down into a number of different phases and offensives. </p><p>The first phase of the battle : </p> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chernigov-Poltava_Offensive&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Chernigov-Poltava Offensive (page does not exist)">Chernigov-Poltava Strategic Offensive</a> 26 August 1943 – 30 September 1943 (Central, Voronezh and Steppe fronts)</li></ul> <dl><dd><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chernigov-Pripyat_Offensive&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Chernigov-Pripyat Offensive (page does not exist)">Chernigov-Pripyat Offensive</a> 26 August – 30 September 1943</dd> <dd><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sumy%E2%80%93Priluky_Offensive&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sumy–Priluky Offensive (page does not exist)">Sumy–Priluky Offensive</a> 26 August – 30 September 1943</dd> <dd><a href="/w/index.php?title=Poltava-Kremenchug_Offensive&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Poltava-Kremenchug Offensive (page does not exist)">Poltava-Kremenchug Offensive</a> 26 August – 30 September 1943</dd></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Donbass_Strategic_Offensive_(August_1943)" class="mw-redirect" title="Donbass Strategic Offensive (August 1943)">Donbass Strategic Offensive</a> 13 August – 22 September 1943 (Southwestern and Southern fronts)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dnieper_airborne_assault&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dnieper airborne assault (page does not exist)">Dnieper airborne assault</a> 24 September – 24 November 1943</li></ul> <p>The second phase of the operation includes : </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lower_Dnieper_Offensive" class="mw-redirect" title="Lower Dnieper Offensive">Lower Dnieper Offensive</a> 26 September – 20 December 1943</li></ul> <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/Melitopol_Offensive" class="mw-redirect" title="Melitopol Offensive">Melitopol Offensive</a> 26 September – 5 November 1943</dd> <dd><a href="/w/index.php?title=Zaporizhia_Offensive&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Zaporizhia Offensive (page does not exist)">Zaporizhia Offensive</a> 10–14 October 1943</dd> <dd><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kremenchug-Pyatikhatki_Offensive&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kremenchug-Pyatikhatki Offensive (page does not exist)">Kremenchug-Pyatikhatki Offensive</a> 15 October – 3 November 1943</dd> <dd><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dnepropetrovsk_Offensive&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dnepropetrovsk Offensive (page does not exist)">Dnepropetrovsk Offensive</a> 23 October – 23 December 1943</dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Nikopol%E2%80%93Krivoi_Rog_offensive" title="Nikopol–Krivoi Rog offensive">Krivoi Rog Offensive</a> 14–21 November 1943</dd> <dd><a href="/w/index.php?title=Apostolovo_Offensive&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Apostolovo Offensive (page does not exist)">Apostolovo Offensive</a> 14 November – 23 December 1943</dd> <dd><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nikopol_Offensive&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nikopol Offensive (page does not exist)">Nikopol Offensive</a> 14 November – 31 December 1943</dd> <dd><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aleksandriia-Znamenka_Offensive&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Aleksandriia-Znamenka Offensive (page does not exist)">Aleksandriia-Znamenka Offensive</a> 22 November – 9 December 1943</dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Nikopol%E2%80%93Krivoi_Rog_offensive" title="Nikopol–Krivoi Rog offensive">Krivoi Rog Offensive</a> 10–19 December 1943</dd></dl> <ul><li>Kiev Strategic Offensive Operation (October) (1–24 October 1943)</li></ul> <dl><dd>Chernobyl-Radomysl Offensive Operation (1–4 October 1943)</dd> <dd>Chernobyl-Gornostaipol Defensive Operation (3–8 October 1943)</dd> <dd>Lyutezh Offensive Operation (11–24 October 1943)</dd> <dd>Bukrin Offensive Operation (12–15 October 1943)</dd> <dd>Bukrin Offensive Operation (21–24 October 1943)</dd></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Kiev_(1943)" title="Battle of Kiev (1943)">Kiev Strategic Offensive</a> 3–13 November 1943</li></ul> <dl><dd>Rauss' November 1943 counterattack</dd></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Kiev_(1943)" title="Battle of Kiev (1943)">Kiev Strategic Defensive</a> 13 November – 22 December 1943</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_the_Dnieper&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Citations">Citations</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_the_Dnieper&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Citations"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFEdwards2018" class="citation book cs1">Edwards, Robert (15 August 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=ed9jDwAAQBAJ&dq=%C2%A0Battle+of+the+Dnieper+december+23&pg=PA41"><i>The Eastern Front: The Germans and Soviets at War in World War II</i></a>. Rowman & Littlefield. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-8117-6784-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-8117-6784-2"><bdi>978-0-8117-6784-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Eastern+Front%3A+The+Germans+and+Soviets+at+War+in+World+War+II&rft.pub=Rowman+%26+Littlefield&rft.date=2018-08-15&rft.isbn=978-0-8117-6784-2&rft.aulast=Edwards&rft.aufirst=Robert&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Ded9jDwAAQBAJ%26dq%3D%25C2%25A0Battle%2Bof%2Bthe%2BDnieper%2Bdecember%2B23%26pg%3DPA41&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABattle+of+the+Dnieper" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Frieser, Karl-Heinz. The Eastern Front 1943-1944: The War in the East and on the Neighbouring Fronts. Oxford University Press, 2017, p. 356.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEFrieserSchmiderSchönherrSchreiber2007343-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFrieserSchmiderSchönherrSchreiber2007343_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFrieserSchmiderSchönherrSchreiber2007343_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFrieserSchmiderSchönherrSchreiber2007343_3-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFrieserSchmiderSchönherrSchreiber2007343_3-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFFrieserSchmiderSchönherrSchreiber2007">Frieser et al. 2007</a>, p. 343.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">OKH Org.Abt. I Nr. I/5645/43 g.Kdos. Iststärke des Feldheeres Stand 1.11.43. NARA T78, R528, F768.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Oberkommando des Heeres. Geheime Kommandosache. Panzerlage der Heeresgruppe Süd. Stand am 10 November 1943. Bundesarchiv-Militärarchiv (BA-MA) RH 10/52, fol. 80.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Frieser, Karl-Heinz. Germany and the Second World War: Volume VIII: The Eastern Front 1943-1944: The War in the East and on the Neighbouring Fronts. Oxford University Press, 2017, p. 364.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">OKH Org.Abt. I Nr. I/5645/43 g.Kdos. Iststärke des Feldheeres Stand 1.11.43. NARA T78, R528, F770.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFКривошеев2001" class="citation web cs1">Кривошеев, Г.Ф. (2001). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://lib.ru/MEMUARY/.../1939-1945/KRIWOSHEEW/poteri.txt">"Россия и СССР в войнах XX века: Потери вооруженных сил"</a>. ОЛМА-ПРЕСС.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%D0%A0%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%8F+%D0%B8+%D0%A1%D0%A1%D0%A1%D0%A0+%D0%B2+%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B9%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%85+XX+%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%B0%3A+%D0%9F%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8+%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%83%D0%B6%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D1%8B%D1%85+%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%BB&rft.pub=%D0%9E%D0%9B%D0%9C%D0%90-%D0%9F%D0%A0%D0%95%D0%A1%D0%A1&rft.date=2001&rft.aulast=%D0%9A%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B2%D0%BE%D1%88%D0%B5%D0%B5%D0%B2&rft.aufirst=%D0%93.%D0%A4.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Flib.ru%2FMEMUARY%2F...%2F1939-1945%2FKRIWOSHEEW%2Fpoteri.txt&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABattle+of+the+Dnieper" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEFrieserSchmiderSchönherrSchreiber2007379-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFrieserSchmiderSchönherrSchreiber2007379_9-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFFrieserSchmiderSchönherrSchreiber2007">Frieser et al. 2007</a>, p. 379.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Forczyk, Robert. The Dnepr 1943: Hitler's Eastern Rampart Crumbles. Osprey Publishing 2016, p. 91.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Forczyk, Robert. The Dnepr 1943: Hitler's Eastern Rampart Crumbles. Osprey Publishing 2016, p. 91.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=Yzf4X42RAkUC&pg=RA2-PA75"><i>Military Review</i></a>. Command and General Staff School. 1993. p. 2-PA75.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Military+Review&rft.pages=2-PA75&rft.pub=Command+and+General+Staff+School&rft.date=1993&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DYzf4X42RAkUC%26pg%3DRA2-PA75&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABattle+of+the+Dnieper" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">The History of Soviet Airborne Forces, Chapter 8, Across The Dnieper (September 1943), by David M. Glantz, Cass, 1994. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=7hb7BsoNDIoC&pg=PA262&source=gbs_toc_r&cad=0_0&sig=iFLZoVa3Y4TOTd6rABWAyVdy7RA">(portions online)</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">1943 Dnepr airborne operation: lessons and conclusions Military Thought, July 2003, by Nikolai Viktorovich Staskov. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m0JAP/is_4_12/ai_112321381/pg_1">(online)</a> See ref at <a href="/wiki/Army_(Soviet_Army)" class="mw-redirect" title="Army (Soviet Army)">Army (Soviet Army)</a> under 40th Army entry.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Грылев А.Н. Днепр-Карпаты-Крым. Освобождение Правобережной Украины и Крыма в 1944 году. Москва: Наука, 1970, p. 19.</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Bibliography">Bibliography</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_the_Dnieper&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Bibliography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1251242444"><table class="box-More_footnotes_needed plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-style ambox-More_footnotes_needed" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Text_document_with_red_question_mark.svg/40px-Text_document_with_red_question_mark.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Text_document_with_red_question_mark.svg/60px-Text_document_with_red_question_mark.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Text_document_with_red_question_mark.svg/80px-Text_document_with_red_question_mark.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="48" data-file-height="48" /></span></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This article includes a list of <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources#General_references" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources">general references</a>, but <b>it lacks sufficient corresponding <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources#Inline_citations" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources">inline citations</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help to <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Reliability" title="Wikipedia:WikiProject Reliability">improve</a> this article by <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:When_to_cite" title="Wikipedia:When to cite">introducing</a> more precise citations.</span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">February 2008</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFrieserSchmiderSchönherrSchreiber2007" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a href="/wiki/Karl-Heinz_Frieser" title="Karl-Heinz Frieser">Frieser, Karl-Heinz</a>; Schmider, Klaus; Schönherr, Klaus; Schreiber, Gerhard; <a href="/wiki/Kriszti%C3%A1n_Ungv%C3%A1ry" title="Krisztián Ungváry">Ungváry, Kristián</a>; Wegner, Bernd (2007). <i>Die Ostfront 1943/44 – Der Krieg im Osten und an den Nebenfronten</i> [<i>The Eastern Front 1943–1944: The War in the East and on the Neighbouring Fronts</i>]. <a href="/wiki/Das_Deutsche_Reich_und_der_Zweite_Weltkrieg" class="mw-redirect" title="Das Deutsche Reich und der Zweite Weltkrieg">Das Deutsche Reich und der Zweite Weltkrieg</a> (Germany and the Second World War) (in German). Vol. VIII. München: Deutsche Verlags-Anstalt. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-3-421-06235-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-3-421-06235-2"><bdi>978-3-421-06235-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Die+Ostfront+1943%2F44+%E2%80%93+Der+Krieg+im+Osten+und+an+den+Nebenfronten&rft.place=M%C3%BCnchen&rft.series=Das+Deutsche+Reich+und+der+Zweite+Weltkrieg+%28Germany+and+the+Second+World+War%29&rft.pub=Deutsche+Verlags-Anstalt&rft.date=2007&rft.isbn=978-3-421-06235-2&rft.aulast=Frieser&rft.aufirst=Karl-Heinz&rft.au=Schmider%2C+Klaus&rft.au=Sch%C3%B6nherr%2C+Klaus&rft.au=Schreiber%2C+Gerhard&rft.au=Ungv%C3%A1ry%2C+Kristi%C3%A1n&rft.au=Wegner%2C+Bernd&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABattle+of+the+Dnieper" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li>David M. Glantz, <a href="/wiki/Jonathan_House" title="Jonathan House">Jonathan M. House</a>, <i>When Titans Clashed: How the Red Army stopped Hitler</i>, University Press of Kansas, 1995</li> <li>Nikolai Shefov, <i>Russian fights</i>, Lib. Military History, Moscow, 2002</li> <li><i>History of Great Patriotic War</i>, 1941–1945. Moscow, 1963</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Erickson_(historian)" title="John Erickson (historian)">John Erickson</a>, <i>Barbarossa: The Axis and the Allies</i>, Edinburgh University Press, 1994</li> <li>Harrison, Richard. (2018) <i>The Battle of the Dnepr: The Red Army's Forcing of the East Wall, September–December 1943</i>. Helion and Company. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1912174171" title="Special:BookSources/978-1912174171">978-1912174171</a></li> <li>Marshal <a href="/wiki/Konev" title="Konev">Konev</a>, <i>Notes of a front commander</i>, Science, Moscow, 1972.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erich_von_Manstein" title="Erich von Manstein">Erich von Manstein</a>, <i>Lost Victories</i>, Moscow, 1957.</li></ul> <p><span class="metadata coord-missing"></span> </p> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="World_War_II" style=";wide;padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:World_War_II" title="Template:World War II"><abbr title="View this template" style="color:inherit">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:World_War_II" title="Template talk:World War II"><abbr title="Discuss this template" style="color:inherit">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:World_War_II" title="Special:EditPage/Template:World War II"><abbr title="Edit this template" style="color:inherit">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="World_War_II" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/World_War_II" title="World War II">World War II</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;"><div> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Outline_of_World_War_II" title="Outline of World War II">Outline</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/List_of_World_War_II_battles" title="List of World War II battles">Battles</a></span> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/List_of_World_War_II_military_operations" title="List of World War II military operations">Operations</a></span></li></ul></li> <li><span class="nowrap">Leaders</span> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Allied_leaders_of_World_War_II" title="Allied leaders of World War II">Allied</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Axis_leaders_of_World_War_II" title="Axis leaders of World War II">Axis</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Commanders_of_World_War_II" title="Commanders of World War II">Commanders</a></span></li></ul></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/World_War_II_casualties" title="World War II casualties">Casualties</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Allied_World_War_II_conferences" title="List of Allied World War II conferences">Conferences</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;vertical-align:top;">General</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0;;wide"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:5.5em;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;vertical-align:top;"><a href="/wiki/Lists_of_World_War_II_topics" title="Lists of World War II topics">Topics</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Air_warfare_of_World_War_II" title="Air warfare of World War II">Air warfare of World War II</a></span> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/List_of_air_operations_during_the_Battle_of_Europe" title="List of air operations during the Battle of Europe">In Europe</a></span></li></ul></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Blitzkrieg" title="Blitzkrieg">Blitzkrieg</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Comparative_officer_ranks_of_World_War_II" title="Comparative officer ranks of World War II">Comparative military ranks</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/World_War_II_cryptography" title="World War II cryptography">Cryptography</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Declarations_of_war_during_World_War_II" title="Declarations of war during World War II">Declarations of war</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Diplomatic_history_of_World_War_II" title="Diplomatic history of World War II">Diplomacy</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/List_of_governments_in_exile_during_World_War_II" title="List of governments in exile during World War II">Governments in exile</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Home_front_during_World_War_II" title="Home front during World War II">Home front</a></span> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Australian_home_front_during_World_War_II" title="Australian home front during World War II">Australian</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom_home_front_during_World_War_II" title="United Kingdom home front during World War II">United Kingdom</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/United_States_home_front_during_World_War_II" title="United States home front during World War II">United States</a></span></li></ul></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Lend-Lease" title="Lend-Lease">Lend-Lease</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Manhattan_Project" title="Manhattan Project">Manhattan Project</a></span> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/British_contribution_to_the_Manhattan_Project" title="British contribution to the Manhattan Project">British contribution</a></span></li></ul></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/List_of_military_awards_and_decorations_of_World_War_II" title="List of military awards and decorations of World War II">Military awards</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Lists_of_World_War_II_military_equipment" title="Lists of World War II military equipment">Military equipment</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Military_production_during_World_War_II" title="Military production during World War II">Military production</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Naval_history_of_World_War_II" title="Naval history of World War II">Naval history</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Nazi_plunder" title="Nazi plunder">Nazi plunder</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Opposition_to_World_War_II" title="Opposition to World War II">Opposition</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Technology_during_World_War_II" title="Technology during World War II">Technology</a></span> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Allied_technological_cooperation_during_World_War_II" title="Allied technological cooperation during World War II">Allied cooperation</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Mulberry_harbour" class="mw-redirect" title="Mulberry harbour">Mulberry harbour</a></span></li></ul></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Total_war#World_War_II" title="Total war">Total war</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Strategic_bombing_during_World_War_II" title="Strategic bombing during World War II">Strategic bombing</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/List_of_World_War_II_puppet_states" title="List of World War II puppet states">Puppet states</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Women_in_World_War_II" title="Women in World War II">Women</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Art_and_World_War_II" title="Art and World War II">Art and World War II</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Music_in_World_War_II" title="Music in World War II">Music in World War II</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Weather_events_during_wars#World_War_II" title="Weather events during wars">Weather events during World War II</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:5.5em;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;vertical-align:top;"><a href="/wiki/List_of_theaters_and_campaigns_of_World_War_II" title="List of theaters and campaigns of World War II">Theaters</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Asiatic-Pacific_theater" title="Asiatic-Pacific theater">Asia and Pacific</a></span> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Second_Sino-Japanese_War" title="Second Sino-Japanese War">China</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/South-East_Asian_theatre_of_World_War_II" title="South-East Asian theatre of World War II">South-East Asia</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Pacific_War" title="Pacific War">Pacific</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Pacific_Ocean_theater_of_World_War_II" title="Pacific Ocean theater of World War II">North and Central Pacific</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/South_West_Pacific_theatre_of_World_War_II" title="South West Pacific theatre of World War II">South-West Pacific</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Indian_Ocean_in_World_War_II" title="Indian Ocean in World War II">Indian Ocean</a></span></li></ul></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/European_theatre_of_World_War_II" title="European theatre of World War II">Europe</a></span> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Western_Front_(World_War_II)" title="Western Front (World War II)">Western Front</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Eastern_Front_(World_War_II)" title="Eastern Front (World War II)">Eastern Front</a></span></li></ul></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Mediterranean_and_Middle_East_theatre_of_World_War_II" title="Mediterranean and Middle East theatre of World War II">Mediterranean and Middle East</a></span> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/North_African_campaign" title="North African campaign">North Africa</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/East_African_campaign_(World_War_II)" title="East African campaign (World War II)">East Africa</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Italian_campaign_(World_War_II)" title="Italian campaign (World War II)">Italy</a></span></li></ul></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/French_West_Africa_in_World_War_II" title="French West Africa in World War II">West Africa</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_the_Atlantic" title="Battle of the Atlantic">Atlantic</a></span> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_Battle_of_the_Atlantic" title="Timeline of the Battle of the Atlantic">timeline</a></span></li></ul></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/American_Theater_(World_War_II)" class="mw-redirect" title="American Theater (World War II)">Americas</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:5.5em;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;vertical-align:top;"><a href="/wiki/Aftermath_of_World_War_II" title="Aftermath of World War II">Aftermath</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Chinese_Civil_War" title="Chinese Civil War">Chinese Civil War</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Cold_War" title="Cold War">Cold War</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Decolonization" title="Decolonization">Decolonization</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Division_of_Korea" title="Division of Korea">Division of Korea</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/First_Indochina_War" title="First Indochina War">First Indochina War</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Flight_and_expulsion_of_Germans_(1944%E2%80%931950)" title="Flight and expulsion of Germans (1944–1950)">Expulsion of Germans</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Greek_Civil_War" title="Greek Civil War">Greek Civil War</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Indonesian_National_Revolution" title="Indonesian National Revolution">Indonesian National Revolution</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Operation_Keelhaul" title="Operation Keelhaul"><i>Keelhaul</i></a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Marshall_Plan" title="Marshall Plan">Marshall Plan</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Allied-occupied_Germany" title="Allied-occupied Germany">Occupation of Germany</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Occupation_of_Japan" title="Occupation of Japan">Occupation of Japan</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Operation_Osoaviakhim" title="Operation Osoaviakhim"><i>Osoaviakhim</i></a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Operation_Paperclip" title="Operation Paperclip"><i>Paperclip</i></a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Military_occupations_by_the_Soviet_Union" title="Military occupations by the Soviet Union">Soviet occupations</a></span> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Occupation_of_the_Baltic_states" title="Occupation of the Baltic states">Baltic</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Hungary%E2%80%93Soviet_Union_relations" title="Hungary–Soviet Union relations">Hungary</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Polish_People%27s_Republic" title="Polish People's Republic">Poland</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Soviet_occupation_of_Romania" title="Soviet occupation of Romania">Romania</a></span></li></ul></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Oder%E2%80%93Neisse_line" title="Oder–Neisse line">Territorial changes of Germany</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Treaty_on_the_Final_Settlement_with_Respect_to_Germany" title="Treaty on the Final Settlement with Respect to Germany">Treaty on the Final Settlement with Respect to Germany</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/United_Nations" title="United Nations">United Nations</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:5.5em;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;vertical-align:top;"><a href="/wiki/War_crimes_in_World_War_II" title="War crimes in World War II">War crimes</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Allied_war_crimes_during_World_War_II" title="Allied war crimes during World War II">Allied war crimes</a></span> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Soviet_war_crimes#World_War_II" title="Soviet war crimes">Soviet war crimes</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/British_war_crimes#World_War_II" title="British war crimes">British war crimes</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/United_States_war_crimes#World_War_II" title="United States war crimes">United States war crimes</a></span></li></ul></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/German_war_crimes#World_War_II" title="German war crimes">German war crimes</a></span> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Forced_labour_under_German_rule_during_World_War_II" title="Forced labour under German rule during World War II">forced labour</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/War_crimes_of_the_Wehrmacht" title="War crimes of the Wehrmacht">Wehrmacht war crimes</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/The_Holocaust" title="The Holocaust">The Holocaust</a></span> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Aftermath_of_the_Holocaust" title="Aftermath of the Holocaust">Aftermath</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/International_response_to_the_Holocaust" title="International response to the Holocaust">Response</a></span></li></ul></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Nuremberg_trials" title="Nuremberg trials">Nuremberg trials</a></span></li></ul></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Italian_war_crimes" title="Italian war crimes">Italian war crimes</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Japanese_war_crimes" title="Japanese war crimes">Japanese war crimes</a></span> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Nanjing_Massacre" title="Nanjing Massacre">Nanjing Massacre</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Unit_731" title="Unit 731">Unit 731</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/International_Military_Tribunal_for_the_Far_East" title="International Military Tribunal for the Far East">Prosecution</a></span></li></ul></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Usta%C5%A1e" title="Ustaše">Croatian war crimes</a></span> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Genocide_of_Serbs_in_the_Independent_State_of_Croatia" title="Genocide of Serbs in the Independent State of Croatia">Genocide of Serbs</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/The_Holocaust_in_the_Independent_State_of_Croatia" title="The Holocaust in the Independent State of Croatia">Persecution of Jews</a></span></li></ul></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Jews_in_Romania#The_Holocaust" title="History of the Jews in Romania">Romanian war crimes</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">Sexual violence</span> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/German_military_brothels_in_World_War_II" title="German military brothels in World War II">German military brothels</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/German_camp_brothels_in_World_War_II" title="German camp brothels in World War II">Camp brothels</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Rape_during_the_occupation_of_Germany" title="Rape during the occupation of Germany">Rape during the occupation of Germany</a>  /  <a href="/wiki/Rape_during_the_occupation_of_Japan" title="Rape during the occupation of Japan">Japan</a>  /  <a href="/wiki/Rape_during_the_Soviet_occupation_of_Poland" title="Rape during the Soviet occupation of Poland">Poland</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Rape_during_the_liberation_of_France" title="Rape during the liberation of France">Rape during the liberation of France</a>  /  <a href="/wiki/Rape_during_the_liberation_of_Serbia" title="Rape during the liberation of Serbia">Serbia</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Sook_Ching" title="Sook Ching">Sook Ching</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Comfort_women" title="Comfort women">Comfort women</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Manila_massacre#Mass_rapes" title="Manila massacre">Rape of Manila</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Marocchinate" title="Marocchinate">Marocchinate</a></span></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;vertical-align:top;"><a href="/wiki/World_War_II_by_country" title="World War II by country">Participants</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0;;wide"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:5.5em;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;vertical-align:top;"><a href="/wiki/Allies_of_World_War_II" title="Allies of World War II">Allies</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Algeria_in_World_War_II" title="Algeria in World War II">Algeria</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Military_history_of_Australia_during_World_War_II" title="Military history of Australia during World War II">Australia</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Belgium_in_World_War_II" title="Belgium in World War II">Belgium</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Brazil_in_World_War_II" title="Brazil in World War II">Brazil</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Bulgaria_during_World_War_II" title="Bulgaria during World War II">Bulgaria</a> (<a href="/wiki/1944_Bulgarian_coup_d%27%C3%A9tat" title="1944 Bulgarian coup d'état">from September 1944</a>)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Canada_in_World_War_II" title="Canada in World War II">Canada</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Second_Sino-Japanese_War" title="Second Sino-Japanese War">China</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Cuba_during_World_War_II" title="Cuba during World War II">Cuba</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Occupation_of_Czechoslovakia_(1938%E2%80%931945)" title="Occupation of Czechoslovakia (1938–1945)">Czechoslovakia</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Denmark_in_World_War_II" title="Denmark in World War II">Denmark</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Second_Italo-Ethiopian_War" title="Second Italo-Ethiopian War">Ethiopia</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Eswatini_in_World_War_II" title="Eswatini in World War II">Eswatini</a> (formerly Swaziland)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Finland_in_World_War_II" title="Finland in World War II">Finland</a> (<a href="/wiki/Lapland_War" title="Lapland War">from September 1944</a>)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/France_during_World_War_II" title="France during World War II">France</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Free_France" title="Free France">Free France</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Military_history_of_Greece_during_World_War_II" title="Military history of Greece during World War II">Greece</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/India_in_World_War_II" title="India in World War II">India</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Italian_Co-belligerent_Army" title="Italian Co-belligerent Army">Italy</a> (<a href="/wiki/Italian_Civil_War" title="Italian Civil War">from September 1943</a>)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Luxembourg_in_World_War_II" title="Luxembourg in World War II">Luxembourg</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Mexico_during_World_War_II" title="Mexico during World War II">Mexico</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Military_history_of_the_Netherlands_during_World_War_II" title="Military history of the Netherlands during World War II">Netherlands</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Military_history_of_Newfoundland_during_World_War_II" title="Military history of Newfoundland during World War II">Newfoundland</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Military_history_of_New_Zealand_during_World_War_II" title="Military history of New Zealand during World War II">New Zealand</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Norwegian_campaign" title="Norwegian campaign">Norway</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Military_history_of_the_Philippines_during_World_War_II" title="Military history of the Philippines during World War II">Philippines</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/History_of_Poland_(1939%E2%80%931945)" title="History of Poland (1939–1945)">Poland</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Romania_in_World_War_II" title="Romania in World War II">Romania</a> (<a href="/wiki/1944_Romanian_coup_d%27%C3%A9tat" title="1944 Romanian coup d'état">from August 1944</a>)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Sierra_Leone_in_World_War_II" title="Sierra Leone in World War II">Sierra Leone</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Military_history_of_South_Africa_during_World_War_II" title="Military history of South Africa during World War II">South Africa</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Southern_Rhodesia_in_World_War_II" title="Southern Rhodesia in World War II">Southern Rhodesia</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Soviet_Union_in_World_War_II" title="Soviet Union in World War II">Soviet Union</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Tuva_in_World_War_II" title="Tuva in World War II">Tuva</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Military_history_of_the_United_Kingdom_during_World_War_II" title="Military history of the United Kingdom during World War II">United Kingdom</a></span> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/British_Empire_in_World_War_II" title="British Empire in World War II">British Empire</a></span></li></ul></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Military_history_of_the_United_States_during_World_War_II" title="Military history of the United States during World War II">United States</a></span> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Puerto_Ricans_in_World_War_II" title="Puerto Ricans in World War II">Puerto Rico</a></span></li></ul></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/World_War_II_in_Yugoslavia" title="World War II in Yugoslavia">Yugoslavia</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:5.5em;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;vertical-align:top;"><a href="/wiki/Axis_powers" title="Axis powers">Axis</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Italian_protectorate_of_Albania_(1939%E2%80%931943)" title="Italian protectorate of Albania (1939–1943)">Albania protectorate</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Bulgaria_during_World_War_II" title="Bulgaria during World War II">Bulgaria</a> (until September 1944)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Wang_Jingwei_regime" title="Wang Jingwei regime">Wang Jingwei regime</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Independent_State_of_Croatia" title="Independent State of Croatia">Independent State of Croatia</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Finland_in_World_War_II" title="Finland in World War II">Finland</a> (until September 1944)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Nazi_Germany" title="Nazi Germany">German Reich</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Hungary_in_World_War_II" title="Hungary in World War II">Hungary</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Azad_Hind" title="Azad Hind">Azad Hind</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/French_Indochina_in_World_War_II" title="French Indochina in World War II">French Indochina</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Anglo-Iraqi_War" title="Anglo-Iraqi War">Iraq</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Military_history_of_Italy_during_World_War_II" title="Military history of Italy during World War II">Italy</a> (until September 1943)</span> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Italian_Social_Republic" title="Italian Social Republic">Italian Social Republic</a></span></li></ul></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Empire_of_Japan" title="Empire of Japan">Empire of Japan</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Manchukuo" title="Manchukuo">Manchukuo</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Second_Philippine_Republic" title="Second Philippine Republic">Philippines</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Romania_in_World_War_II" title="Romania in World War II">Romania</a> (until August 1944)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Slovak_Republic_(1939%E2%80%931945)" title="Slovak Republic (1939–1945)">Slovak Republic</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Thailand_in_World_War_II" title="Thailand in World War II">Thailand</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Vichy_France" title="Vichy France">Vichy France</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Template:Collaboration_with_Axis_Powers" title="Template:Collaboration with Axis Powers">Collaboration</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:5.5em;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;vertical-align:top;"><a href="/wiki/Neutral_powers_during_World_War_II" title="Neutral powers during World War II">Neutral</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Afghanistan" title="Kingdom of Afghanistan">Afghanistan</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/History_of_Andorra#20th_and_21st_centuries" title="History of Andorra">Andorra</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Bhutan" title="Bhutan">Bhutan</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Irish_neutrality_during_World_War_II" title="Irish neutrality during World War II">Ireland</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Liechtenstein_in_World_War_II" class="mw-redirect" title="Liechtenstein in World War II">Liechtenstein</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Portugal_during_World_War_II" title="Portugal during World War II">Portugal</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Spain_during_World_War_II" title="Spain during World War II">Spain</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Sweden_during_World_War_II" title="Sweden during World War II">Sweden</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Switzerland_during_the_World_Wars" class="mw-redirect" title="Switzerland during the World Wars">Switzerland</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Tibet_(1912%E2%80%931951)" title="Tibet (1912–1951)">Tibet</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Vatican_City_during_World_War_II" title="Vatican City during World War II">Vatican City</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:5.5em;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;vertical-align:top;"><a href="/wiki/Resistance_during_World_War_II" title="Resistance during World War II">Resistance</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/World_War_II_in_Albania" title="World War II in Albania">Albania</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Austrian_resistance" title="Austrian resistance">Austria</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Belgian_Resistance" title="Belgian Resistance">Belgium</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Bulgarian_resistance_movement_during_World_War_II" title="Bulgarian resistance movement during World War II">Bulgaria</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Resistance_in_the_Protectorate_of_Bohemia_and_Moravia" title="Resistance in the Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia">Czech lands</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Danish_resistance_movement" title="Danish resistance movement">Denmark</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Japanese_occupation_of_the_Dutch_East_Indies#Underground_resistance" title="Japanese occupation of the Dutch East Indies">Dutch East Indies</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Estonian_anti-German_resistance_movement_1941%E2%80%931944" title="Estonian anti-German resistance movement 1941–1944">Estonia</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Arbegnoch" title="Arbegnoch">Ethiopia</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/French_Resistance" title="French Resistance">France</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/German_resistance_to_Nazism" title="German resistance to Nazism">Germany</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Greek_resistance" title="Greek resistance">Greece</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Japanese_occupation_of_Hong_Kong#Anti-Japanese_resistance" title="Japanese occupation of Hong Kong">Hong Kong</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Italian_resistance_movement" title="Italian resistance movement">Italy</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Political_dissidence_in_the_Empire_of_Japan#Dissidence_during_World_War_II" title="Political dissidence in the Empire of Japan">Japan</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Jewish_resistance_in_German-occupied_Europe" title="Jewish resistance in German-occupied Europe">Jews</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Korea" title="Korea">Korea</a></span> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Korean_Liberation_Army" title="Korean Liberation Army">Korean Liberation Army</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Korean_Volunteer_Army" title="Korean Volunteer Army">Korean Volunteer Army</a></span></li></ul></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Latvian_anti-Nazi_resistance_movement_1941%E2%80%931945" title="Latvian anti-Nazi resistance movement 1941–1945">Latvia</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Resistance_in_Lithuania_during_World_War_II" title="Resistance in Lithuania during World War II">Lithuania</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Luxembourg_Resistance" title="Luxembourg Resistance">Luxembourg</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Malayan_Peoples%27_Anti-Japanese_Army" title="Malayan Peoples' Anti-Japanese Army">Malaya</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Dutch_resistance" title="Dutch resistance">Netherlands</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Northeast_Anti-Japanese_United_Army" class="mw-redirect" title="Northeast Anti-Japanese United Army">Northeast China</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Norwegian_resistance_movement" title="Norwegian resistance movement">Norway</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Philippine_resistance_against_Japan" title="Philippine resistance against Japan">Philippines</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Polish_resistance_movement_in_World_War_II" title="Polish resistance movement in World War II">Poland</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Romanian_anti-communist_resistance_movement" title="Romanian anti-communist resistance movement">Romania</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Free_Thai_Movement" title="Free Thai Movement">Thailand</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Soviet_partisans" title="Soviet partisans">Soviet Union</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Slovak_National_Uprising" title="Slovak National Uprising">Slovakia</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Ukrainian_Insurgent_Army" title="Ukrainian Insurgent Army">Western Ukraine</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">Vietnam</span> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Vi%E1%BB%87t_Nam_Qu%E1%BB%91c_D%C3%A2n_%C4%90%E1%BA%A3ng" title="Việt Nam Quốc Dân Đảng">Quốc dân Đảng</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Viet_Minh" title="Viet Minh">Viet Minh</a></span></li></ul></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Yugoslav_Partisans" title="Yugoslav Partisans">Yugoslavia</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:5.5em;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;vertical-align:top;"><a href="/wiki/Prisoner_of_war" title="Prisoner of war">POWs</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Finnish_prisoners_of_war_in_the_Soviet_Union" title="Finnish prisoners of war in the Soviet Union">Finnish prisoners in the Soviet Union</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">German prisoners</span> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/German_prisoners_of_war_in_the_Soviet_Union" title="German prisoners of war in the Soviet Union">Soviet Union</a></span> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/German_prisoners_of_war_in_Azerbaijan" title="German prisoners of war in Azerbaijan">Azerbaijan</a></span></li></ul></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/German_prisoners_of_war_in_the_United_States" title="German prisoners of war in the United States">United States</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/German_prisoners_of_war_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="German prisoners of war in the United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a></span></li></ul></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Italian_prisoners_of_war_in_the_Soviet_Union" title="Italian prisoners of war in the Soviet Union">Italian prisoners in the Soviet Union</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Japanese_prisoners_of_war_in_World_War_II" title="Japanese prisoners of war in World War II">Japanese prisoners</a></span> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Japanese_prisoners_of_war_in_the_Soviet_Union" title="Japanese prisoners of war in the Soviet Union">Soviet Union</a></span></li></ul></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/German_atrocities_committed_against_Polish_prisoners_of_war" title="German atrocities committed against Polish prisoners of war">German atrocities against Polish POWs</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">Soviet prisoners</span> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Soviet_prisoners_of_war_in_Finland" title="Soviet prisoners of war in Finland">Finland</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/German_atrocities_committed_against_Soviet_prisoners_of_war" title="German atrocities committed against Soviet prisoners of war">atrocities by Germans</a></span></li></ul></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Polish_prisoners-of-war_in_the_Soviet_Union_after_1939" class="mw-redirect" title="Polish prisoners-of-war in the Soviet Union after 1939">Polish prisoners in the Soviet Union</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Romanian_prisoners_of_war_in_the_Soviet_Union" title="Romanian prisoners of war in the Soviet Union">Romanian prisoners in the Soviet Union</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;vertical-align:top;"><a href="/wiki/List_of_timelines_of_World_War_II" title="List of timelines of World War II">Timeline</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0;;wide"><tbody><tr><th id="Prelude" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:5.5em;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;vertical-align:top;"><a href="/wiki/Causes_of_World_War_II" title="Causes of World War II">Prelude</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Abyssinia_Crisis" title="Abyssinia Crisis">Africa</a></span> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Second_Italo-Ethiopian_War" title="Second Italo-Ethiopian War">Second Italo-Ethiopian War</a></span></li></ul></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Events_preceding_World_War_II_in_Asia" title="Events preceding World War II in Asia">Asia</a></span> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Second_Sino-Japanese_War" title="Second Sino-Japanese War">Second Sino-Japanese War</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Battles_of_Khalkhin_Gol" title="Battles of Khalkhin Gol">Battles of Khalkhin Gol</a></span></li></ul></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Events_preceding_World_War_II_in_Europe" title="Events preceding World War II in Europe">Europe</a></span> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Anschluss" title="Anschluss">Anschluss</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Munich_Agreement" title="Munich Agreement">Munich Agreement</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Occupation_of_Czechoslovakia_(1938%E2%80%931945)" title="Occupation of Czechoslovakia (1938–1945)">Occupation of Czechoslovakia</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Operation_Himmler" title="Operation Himmler">Operation Himmler</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Italian_invasion_of_Albania" title="Italian invasion of Albania">Italian invasion of Albania</a></span></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:5.5em;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;vertical-align:top;"><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_World_War_II_(1939)" title="Timeline of World War II (1939)">1939</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Invasion_of_Poland" title="Invasion of Poland">Invasion of Poland</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_the_Atlantic" title="Battle of the Atlantic">Battle of the Atlantic</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Phoney_War" title="Phoney War">Phoney War</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Changsha_(1939)" title="Battle of Changsha (1939)">First Battle of Changsha</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_South_Guangxi" title="Battle of South Guangxi">Battle of South Guangxi</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Winter_War" title="Winter War">Winter War</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1939%E2%80%931940_Winter_Offensive" title="1939–1940 Winter Offensive">1939–1940 Winter Offensive</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:5.5em;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;vertical-align:top;"><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_World_War_II_(1940)" title="Timeline of World War II (1940)">1940</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Norwegian_campaign" title="Norwegian campaign">Norwegian campaign</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/German_invasion_of_Denmark_(1940)" title="German invasion of Denmark (1940)">German invasion of Denmark</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Zaoyang%E2%80%93Yichang" title="Battle of Zaoyang–Yichang">Battle of Zaoyang–Yichang</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/German_invasion_of_Luxembourg" title="German invasion of Luxembourg">German invasion of Luxembourg</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/German_invasion_of_the_Netherlands" title="German invasion of the Netherlands">German invasion of the Netherlands</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/German_invasion_of_Belgium_(1940)" title="German invasion of Belgium (1940)">German invasion of Belgium</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_France" title="Battle of France">Battle of France</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Dunkirk_evacuation" title="Dunkirk evacuation">Dunkirk evacuation</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Britain" title="Battle of Britain">Battle of Britain</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_the_Mediterranean" title="Battle of the Mediterranean">Battle of the Mediterranean</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Western_Desert_campaign" title="Western Desert campaign">North Africa</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/French_West_Africa_in_World_War_II" title="French West Africa in World War II">West Africa</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Italian_invasion_of_British_Somaliland" title="Italian invasion of British Somaliland">British Somaliland</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Hundred_Regiments_Offensive" title="Hundred Regiments Offensive">Hundred Regiments Offensive</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Occupation_of_the_Baltic_states" title="Occupation of the Baltic states">Baltic states</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Soviet_occupation_of_Bessarabia_and_Northern_Bukovina" title="Soviet occupation of Bessarabia and Northern Bukovina">Eastern Romania</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Japanese_invasion_of_French_Indochina" title="Japanese invasion of French Indochina">Japanese invasion of French Indochina</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Greco-Italian_War" title="Greco-Italian War">Italian invasion of Greece</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Operation_Compass" title="Operation Compass">Compass</a></i></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:5.5em;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;vertical-align:top;"><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_World_War_II_(1941)" title="Timeline of World War II (1941)">1941</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_South_Henan" title="Battle of South Henan">Battle of South Henan</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Shanggao" title="Battle of Shanggao">Battle of Shanggao</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Invasion_of_Yugoslavia" title="Invasion of Yugoslavia">Invasion of Yugoslavia</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/German_invasion_of_Greece" title="German invasion of Greece">German invasion of Greece</a></span> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Crete" title="Battle of Crete">Battle of Crete</a></span></li></ul></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Anglo-Iraqi_War" title="Anglo-Iraqi War">Anglo-Iraqi War</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_South_Shanxi" title="Battle of South Shanxi">Battle of South Shanxi</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Syria%E2%80%93Lebanon_campaign" title="Syria–Lebanon campaign">Syria–Lebanon campaign</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/East_African_campaign_(World_War_II)" title="East African campaign (World War II)">East African campaign</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Operation_Barbarossa" title="Operation Barbarossa">Invasion of the Soviet Union</a></span> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Summer_War" title="Summer War">Summer War</a></span></li></ul></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Continuation_War" title="Continuation War">Finland</a> (<i><a href="/wiki/Operation_Silver_Fox" title="Operation Silver Fox">Silver Fox</a></i>)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/June_Uprising_in_Lithuania" title="June Uprising in Lithuania">Lithuania</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Kiev_(1941)" title="Battle of Kiev (1941)">Battle of Kiev</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Anglo-Soviet_invasion_of_Iran" title="Anglo-Soviet invasion of Iran">Anglo-Soviet invasion of Iran</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Changsha_(1941)" title="Battle of Changsha (1941)">Second Battle of Changsha</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Leningrad" title="Siege of Leningrad">Siege of Leningrad</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Moscow" title="Battle of Moscow">Battle of Moscow</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Bombing_of_Gorky_in_World_War_II" title="Bombing of Gorky in World War II">Bombing of Gorky</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Sevastopol_(1941%E2%80%931942)" title="Siege of Sevastopol (1941–1942)">Siege of Sevastopol</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Attack_on_Pearl_Harbor" title="Attack on Pearl Harbor">Attack on Pearl Harbor</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Japanese_invasion_of_Thailand" title="Japanese invasion of Thailand">Japanese invasion of Thailand</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Hong_Kong" title="Battle of Hong Kong">Fall of Hong Kong</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Philippines_campaign_(1941%E2%80%931942)" title="Philippines campaign (1941–1942)">Fall of the Philippines</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Guam_(1941)" title="Battle of Guam (1941)">Battle of Guam</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Wake_Island" title="Battle of Wake Island">Battle of Wake Island</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Malayan_campaign" title="Malayan campaign">Malayan campaign</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Borneo_(1941%E2%80%931942)" title="Battle of Borneo (1941–1942)">Battle of Borneo</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Japanese_invasion_of_Burma" title="Japanese invasion of Burma">Japanese invasion of Burma</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Changsha_(1941%E2%80%931942)" title="Battle of Changsha (1941–1942)">Third Battle of Changsha</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Great_Famine_(Greece)" title="Great Famine (Greece)">Greek famine of 1941–1944</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:5.5em;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;vertical-align:top;"><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_World_War_II_(1942)" title="Timeline of World War II (1942)">1942</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Fall_of_Singapore" title="Fall of Singapore">Fall of Singapore</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_the_Java_Sea" title="Battle of the Java Sea">Battle of the Java Sea</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/St_Nazaire_Raid" title="St Nazaire Raid">St Nazaire Raid</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Christmas_Island" title="Battle of Christmas Island">Battle of Christmas Island</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_the_Coral_Sea" title="Battle of the Coral Sea">Battle of the Coral Sea</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Madagascar" title="Battle of Madagascar">Battle of Madagascar</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Zhejiang-Jiangxi_campaign" title="Zhejiang-Jiangxi campaign">Zhejiang-Jiangxi campaign</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Gazala" title="Battle of Gazala">Battle of Gazala</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Dutch_Harbor" title="Battle of Dutch Harbor">Battle of Dutch Harbor</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Midway" title="Battle of Midway">Battle of Midway</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Aleutian_Islands_campaign" title="Aleutian Islands campaign">Aleutian Islands campaign</a></span> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Japanese_occupation_of_Kiska" title="Japanese occupation of Kiska">Kiska</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Japanese_occupation_of_Attu" title="Japanese occupation of Attu"> Attu</a></span></li></ul></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Case_Blue" title="Case Blue">Blue</a></i></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/First_Battle_of_El_Alamein" title="First Battle of El Alamein">First Battle of El Alamein</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Stalingrad" title="Battle of Stalingrad">Battle of Stalingrad</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Kokoda_Track_campaign" title="Kokoda Track campaign">Kokoda Track campaign</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Rzhev,_summer_1942" title="Battle of Rzhev, summer 1942">Rzhev</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Dieppe_Raid" title="Dieppe Raid">Jubilee</a></i></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Second_Battle_of_El_Alamein" title="Second Battle of El Alamein">Second Battle of El Alamein</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Guadalcanal_campaign" title="Guadalcanal campaign">Guadalcanal campaign</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Operation_Torch" title="Operation Torch"><i>Torch</i></a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Chinese_famine_of_1942%E2%80%931943" title="Chinese famine of 1942–1943">Chinese famine of 1942–1943</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:5.5em;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;vertical-align:top;"><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_World_War_II_(1943)" title="Timeline of World War II (1943)">1943</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Black_May_(1943)" title="Black May (1943)">Black May</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Tunisian_campaign" title="Tunisian campaign">Tunisian campaign</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_West_Hubei" title="Battle of West Hubei">Battle of West Hubei</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Attu" title="Battle of Attu">Battle of Attu</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Bombing_of_Gorky_in_World_War_II#June_1943" title="Bombing of Gorky in World War II">Bombing of Gorky</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Kursk" title="Battle of Kursk">Battle of Kursk</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Allied_invasion_of_Sicily" title="Allied invasion of Sicily">Allied invasion of Sicily</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Smolensk_operation" title="Smolensk operation">Smolensk</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Solomon_Islands_campaign" title="Solomon Islands campaign">Solomon Islands campaign</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Operation_Cottage" title="Operation Cottage"><i>Cottage</i></a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Battle of the Dnieper</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Allied_invasion_of_Italy" title="Allied invasion of Italy">Allied invasion of Italy</a></span> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Armistice_of_Cassibile" title="Armistice of Cassibile">Armistice of Cassibile</a></span></li></ul></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Burma_campaign" title="Burma campaign">Burma</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Northern_Burma_and_Western_Yunnan" title="Battle of Northern Burma and Western Yunnan">Northern Burma and Western Yunnan</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Changde" title="Battle of Changde">Changde</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Kiev_(1943)" title="Battle of Kiev (1943)">Second Battle of Kiev</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Gilbert_and_Marshall_Islands_campaign" title="Gilbert and Marshall Islands campaign">Gilbert and Marshall Islands campaign</a></span> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Tarawa" title="Battle of Tarawa">Tarawa</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Makin" title="Battle of Makin">Makin</a></span></li></ul></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Bengal_famine_of_1943" title="Bengal famine of 1943">Bengal famine of 1943</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:5.5em;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;vertical-align:top;"><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_World_War_II_(1944)" title="Timeline of World War II (1944)">1944</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Operation_Tempest" title="Operation Tempest"><i>Tempest</i></a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Monte_Cassino" title="Battle of Monte Cassino">Monte Cassino</a> / <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Anzio" title="Battle of Anzio">Anzio</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Korsun%E2%80%93Cherkassy" title="Battle of Korsun–Cherkassy">Korsun–Cherkassy</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Narva_(1944)" title="Battle of Narva (1944)">Narva</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Operation_Ichi-Go" title="Operation Ichi-Go"><i>Ichi-Go</i></a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Operation_Overlord" title="Operation Overlord"><i>Overlord</i></a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Normandy_landings" title="Normandy landings"><i>Neptune</i></a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Mariana_and_Palau_Islands_campaign" title="Mariana and Palau Islands campaign">Mariana and Palau</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Operation_Bagration" title="Operation Bagration"><i>Bagration</i></a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Lvov%E2%80%93Sandomierz_offensive" class="mw-redirect" title="Lvov–Sandomierz offensive">Western Ukraine</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Guam_(1944)" title="Battle of Guam (1944)">Second Battle of Guam</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Tannenberg_Line" title="Battle of Tannenberg Line">Tannenberg Line</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Warsaw_Uprising" title="Warsaw Uprising">Warsaw Uprising</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Second_Jassy%E2%80%93Kishinev_offensive" title="Second Jassy–Kishinev offensive">Eastern Romania</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Liberation_of_Paris" title="Liberation of Paris">Liberation of Paris</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Operation_Dragoon" title="Operation Dragoon"><i>Dragoon</i></a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Gothic_Line" title="Gothic Line">Gothic Line</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Belgrade_offensive" title="Belgrade offensive">Belgrade offensive</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Lapland_War" title="Lapland War">Lapland</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Operation_Market_Garden" title="Operation Market Garden"><i>Market Garden</i></a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Tallinn_offensive" title="Tallinn offensive">Estonia</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Operation_Crossbow" title="Operation Crossbow"><i>Crossbow</i></a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Combined_Bomber_Offensive" title="Combined Bomber Offensive"><i>Pointblank</i></a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Vietnamese_famine_of_1944%E2%80%931945" title="Vietnamese famine of 1944–1945">Vietnamese famine of 1944–1945</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Philippines_campaign_(1944%E2%80%931945)" title="Philippines campaign (1944–1945)">Philippines (1944–1945)</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Leyte_Gulf" title="Battle of Leyte Gulf">Leyte</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Syrmian_Front" title="Syrmian Front">Syrmian Front</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Budapest_offensive" title="Budapest offensive">Hungary</a></span> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Budapest" title="Siege of Budapest">Budapest</a></span></li></ul></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Burma_campaign_(1944%E2%80%931945)" title="Burma campaign (1944–1945)">Burma (1944–1945)</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_the_Bulge" title="Battle of the Bulge">Ardennes</a></span> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Operation_Bodenplatte" title="Operation Bodenplatte"><i>Bodenplatte</i></a></span></li></ul></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Dutch_famine_of_1944%E2%80%931945" title="Dutch famine of 1944–1945">Dutch famine of 1944–1945</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:5.5em;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;vertical-align:top;"><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_World_War_II_(1945%E2%80%931991)" title="Timeline of World War II (1945–1991)">1945</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Vistula%E2%80%93Oder_offensive" title="Vistula–Oder offensive">Vistula–Oder</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Manila_(1945)" title="Battle of Manila (1945)">Battle of Manila</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Iwo_Jima" title="Battle of Iwo Jima">Battle of Iwo Jima</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Japanese_coup_d%27%C3%A9tat_in_French_Indochina" title="Japanese coup d'état in French Indochina">Indochina</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Vienna_offensive" title="Vienna offensive">Vienna offensive</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Project_Hula" title="Project Hula">Project Hula</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Western_Allied_invasion_of_Germany" title="Western Allied invasion of Germany">Western invasion of Germany</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Bratislava%E2%80%93Brno_offensive" title="Bratislava–Brno offensive">Bratislava–Brno offensive</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Okinawa" title="Battle of Okinawa">Battle of Okinawa</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Second_Guangxi_campaign" title="Second Guangxi campaign">Second Guangxi campaign</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_West_Hunan" title="Battle of West Hunan">West Hunan</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Spring_1945_offensive_in_Italy" title="Spring 1945 offensive in Italy">Italy (Spring 1945)</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Berlin" title="Battle of Berlin">Battle of Berlin</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Prague_offensive" title="Prague offensive">Prague offensive</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/End_of_World_War_II_in_Europe" title="End of World War II in Europe">Surrender of Germany</a></span> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/German_Instrument_of_Surrender" title="German Instrument of Surrender">document</a></span></li></ul></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Borneo_campaign" title="Borneo campaign">Borneo</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Raid_on_Taipei" title="Raid on Taipei">Taipei</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Allied_naval_bombardments_of_Japan_during_World_War_II" title="Allied naval bombardments of Japan during World War II">Naval bombardment of Japan</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Soviet_invasion_of_Manchuria" title="Soviet invasion of Manchuria">Manchuria</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Atomic_bombings_of_Hiroshima_and_Nagasaki" title="Atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki">Atomic bombings</a></span> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Debate_over_the_atomic_bombings_of_Hiroshima_and_Nagasaki" title="Debate over the atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki">Debate</a></span></li></ul></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Soviet_invasion_of_South_Sakhalin" title="Soviet invasion of South Sakhalin">South Sakhalin</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Invasion_of_the_Kuril_Islands" title="Invasion of the Kuril Islands">Kuril Islands</a></span> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Shumshu" title="Battle of Shumshu">Shumshu</a></span></li></ul></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Surrender_of_Japan" title="Surrender of Japan">Surrender of Japan</a></span> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Potsdam_Declaration" title="Potsdam Declaration">Potsdam Declaration</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Japanese_Instrument_of_Surrender" title="Japanese Instrument of Surrender">document</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/End_of_World_War_II_in_Asia" title="End of World War II in Asia">End of World War II in Asia</a></span></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;"><div> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><b><span class="nowrap"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:The_Earth_seen_from_Apollo_17.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/The_Earth_seen_from_Apollo_17.jpg/16px-The_Earth_seen_from_Apollo_17.jpg" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" 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