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href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sancerre_(Weinbaugebiet)" title="Sancerre (Weinbaugebiet) – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Sancerre (Weinbaugebiet)" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sancerre_(AOC)" title="Sancerre (AOC) – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Sancerre (AOC)" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sancerre_(vino)" title="Sancerre (vino) – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Sancerre (vino)" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vinum_Sancerrense" title="Vinum Sancerrense – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Vinum Sancerrense" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sancerre_(wijn)" title="Sancerre (wijn) – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Sancerre (wijn)" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%B5%E3%83%B3%E3%82%BB%E3%83%BC%E3%83%ABAOC" title="サンセールAOC – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="サンセールAOC" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link 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data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox"><caption class="infobox-title">Sancerre</caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_wine-producing_regions" title="List of wine-producing regions">Wine region</a></b></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Sancerre_france.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1d/Sancerre_france.jpg/250px-Sancerre_france.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="167" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1d/Sancerre_france.jpg/375px-Sancerre_france.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1d/Sancerre_france.jpg/500px-Sancerre_france.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3456" data-file-height="2304" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Type</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Appellation_d%27origine_contr%C3%B4l%C3%A9e" title="Appellation d'origine contrôlée">Appellation d'origine contrôlée</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Year established</th><td class="infobox-data">1936 (white), 1959 (red)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Country</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/23px-Flag_of_France.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/35px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/45px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/France" title="France">France</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Part of</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Loire_Valley_(wine)" title="Loire Valley (wine)">Loire Valley</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Sub-regions</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/M%C3%A9n%C3%A9tr%C3%A9ol-sous-Sancerre" title="Ménétréol-sous-Sancerre">Ménétréol-sous-Sancerre</a>, <a href="/wiki/Chavignol" class="mw-redirect" title="Chavignol">Chavignol</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bu%C3%A9" title="Bué">Bué</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Size of planted vineyards</th><td class="infobox-data">2,600 hectares (6,425 acres) (2006)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Varietals produced</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Sauvignon_blanc" title="Sauvignon blanc">Sauvignon blanc</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pinot_noir" title="Pinot noir">Pinot noir</a></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Sancerre</b> is a <a href="/wiki/French_wine" title="French wine">French wine</a> <a href="/wiki/Appellation_d%27origine_contr%C3%B4l%C3%A9e" title="Appellation d'origine contrôlée">Appellation d'origine contrôlée</a> (AOC) for <a href="/wiki/Wine" title="Wine">wine</a> produced in the area of <a href="/wiki/Sancerre" title="Sancerre">Sancerre</a> in the eastern part of the <a href="/wiki/Loire_Valley_(wine)" title="Loire Valley (wine)">Loire valley</a>, southeast of <a href="/wiki/Orl%C3%A9ans" title="Orléans">Orléans</a>. </p><p>Sancerre is highly regarded for and primarily associated with white wine made from the <a href="/wiki/Sauvignon_blanc" title="Sauvignon blanc">Sauvignon blanc</a> grape.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However both <i>Sancerre Rouge</i> and <i>Sancerre</i> <i><a href="/wiki/Ros%C3%A9" title="Rosé">rosé</a></i> are made, representing approximately 20% and less than 1%, respectively, of Sancerre's total output. The basis for both the red and rosé is, as in nearby <a href="/wiki/Burgundy_wine" title="Burgundy wine">Burgundy</a> and <a href="/wiki/Champagne" title="Champagne">Champagne</a>, the red grape <a href="/wiki/Pinot_noir" title="Pinot noir">Pinot noir</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>White Sancerre was one of the original AOCs awarded in 1936, with the same area being designated for red wines on 23 January 1959. The AOC area has expanded fourfold over the years, most recently on 18 March 1998.<sup id="cite_ref-Clancy_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Clancy-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The town lies on an outcrop of the chalk that runs from the <a href="/wiki/White_Cliffs_of_Dover" title="White Cliffs of Dover">White Cliffs of Dover</a> down through the <a href="/wiki/Champagne_wine_region" title="Champagne wine region">Champagne</a> and <a href="/wiki/Chablis_(wine)" class="mw-redirect" title="Chablis (wine)">Chablis</a>. A series of small valleys cut through the chalk, each with their own soils and <a href="/wiki/Microclimate_(wine)" class="mw-redirect" title="Microclimate (wine)">microclimate</a> and <a href="/wiki/Terroir" title="Terroir">terroir</a>. In the east are the "flints" that make minerally, <a href="/wiki/Long-lived_wines" class="mw-redirect" title="Long-lived wines">long-lived wines</a>. Between the town and <a href="/wiki/Verdigny" title="Verdigny">Verdigny</a> the soil consists of marl and gravel – "les caillottes" – producing fruity, well balanced wines. And in the southwest, away from the river towards <a href="/wiki/Menetou-Salon" title="Menetou-Salon">Menetou-Salon</a>, the chalky "terres blanches" (white ground) produce weightier wines. Most – but not all – of the Sauvignon Blancs are <a href="/wiki/Unoaked" class="mw-redirect" title="Unoaked">unoaked</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Johnson_atlas_pg_122-123_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Johnson_atlas_pg_122-123-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Sotheby_pg_211-212_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Sotheby_pg_211-212-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sancerre_(wine)&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Typischer_flughafensnack_lachsstulle_und_sancerre.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/Typischer_flughafensnack_lachsstulle_und_sancerre.jpg/220px-Typischer_flughafensnack_lachsstulle_und_sancerre.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="293" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/Typischer_flughafensnack_lachsstulle_und_sancerre.jpg/330px-Typischer_flughafensnack_lachsstulle_und_sancerre.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/Typischer_flughafensnack_lachsstulle_und_sancerre.jpg/440px-Typischer_flughafensnack_lachsstulle_und_sancerre.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="1600" /></a><figcaption>Sancerre's reputation for being a food friendly wine contributed to its popularity in the late 20th century as a popular wine on restaurant wine lists.</figcaption></figure> <p>The area around Sancerre was likely first cultivated by the <a href="/wiki/Romans_(wine)" class="mw-redirect" title="Romans (wine)">Romans</a>, perhaps in the 1st century AD, though the exact date is unknown. The foundations of two separate Roman bridges across the Loire can be seen at the river village of St-Satur, the port for Sancerre, marking its ancient position along a major Roman route. The chalk hill outcrop was not only a distinctive landmark known in Roman times but it also fit the profile of <a href="/wiki/Terroir" title="Terroir">terroir</a> that was usually the first to be cultivated – it was near an important town and had easy access to a navigable river. Most importantly, however, the steep sloping hills could provide the grapes with enough direct sunlight and warmth to <a href="/wiki/Fully_ripen_(wine)" class="mw-redirect" title="Fully ripen (wine)">fully ripen</a> while allowing cold air to flow off the slope and pool into the valleys below.<sup id="cite_ref-Johnson_pg_92_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Johnson_pg_92-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The region was historically linked to the <a href="/wiki/Duchy_of_Burgundy" title="Duchy of Burgundy">Duchy of Burgundy</a>, which may have played a role in the introduction of Pinot noir vines to this area. Sancerre's position as an administrative centre, and the large nearby cities of Orléans and <a href="/wiki/Bourges" title="Bourges">Bourges</a> (which was the capital of the powerful <a href="/wiki/Duke_of_Berry" title="Duke of Berry">Duke of Berry</a>) ensured healthy local markets for the Pinot Noir and <a href="/wiki/Gamay" title="Gamay">Gamay</a> wines traditional in the area.<sup id="cite_ref-Sotheby_pg_211-212_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Sotheby_pg_211-212-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Demand further increased with the coming of <a href="/wiki/French_railway_history" class="mw-redirect" title="French railway history">the railway from Paris</a>. In the late 19th century the <a href="/wiki/Phylloxera_epidemic" class="mw-redirect" title="Phylloxera epidemic">phylloxera epidemic</a> devastated the area wiping out the majority of the region's vines. While some Pinot noir vines were retained most of the Gamay was lost.<sup id="cite_ref-Wine_pg_230-231_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Wine_pg_230-231-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> They were replanted with Sauvignon Blanc, partly because it grafted better onto the American <a href="/wiki/Rootstocks" class="mw-redirect" title="Rootstocks">rootstocks</a>. After <a href="/wiki/World_War_II" title="World War II">World War II</a>, the wines gained a reputation in the Paris <a href="/wiki/Bistro" title="Bistro">bistro</a> scene as an easy drinking white wine equivalent to Beaujolais. In the late 1970s and 1980s, a wave of quality consciousness helped elevate the reputation of Sancerre as an elegant and <a href="/wiki/Food_friendly_(wine)" class="mw-redirect" title="Food friendly (wine)">food friendly</a> white wine that became a popular feature on restaurant lists across the globe.<sup id="cite_ref-Oxford_pg_605_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Oxford_pg_605-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Climate_and_geography">Climate and geography</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sancerre_(wine)&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Climate and geography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Sancerre_and_Pouilly-Fume_within_France.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/Sancerre_and_Pouilly-Fume_within_France.jpg/300px-Sancerre_and_Pouilly-Fume_within_France.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="300" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/Sancerre_and_Pouilly-Fume_within_France.jpg/450px-Sancerre_and_Pouilly-Fume_within_France.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/ae/Sancerre_and_Pouilly-Fume_within_France.jpg 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a><figcaption>The distance between Sancerre <i>(highlighted in pink within yellow box)</i> and the Atlantic coast diminishes the maritime influence on the region and gives it more of a continental climate.</figcaption></figure> <p>Sancerre is part of the "central vineyards" of the Loire Valley, so named not because they are in the center of the Loire but rather because they are nearly in the center of France. Together with neighboring <a href="/wiki/Pouilly-Fum%C3%A9" title="Pouilly-Fumé">Pouilly-Fumé</a>, the region makes up the easternmost extension of the Loire Valley. The area is more than 300 miles (483 kilometers) from the <a href="/wiki/Atlantic_Ocean" title="Atlantic Ocean">Atlantic Coast</a> and the Loire region of <a href="/wiki/Muscadet" title="Muscadet">Muscadet</a>, and is actually closer to the <a href="/wiki/Champagne_wine_region" title="Champagne wine region">Champagne wine region</a> than it is to the Middle Loire city of <a href="/wiki/Tours" title="Tours">Tours</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Vouvray" title="Vouvray">Vouvray</a> and <a href="/wiki/Chinon_AOC" title="Chinon AOC">Chinon AOCs</a>. The distance from the Atlantic gives this region more of a <a href="/wiki/Continental_climate_(wine)" class="mw-redirect" title="Continental climate (wine)">continental climate</a> than typical of the rest of the Loire with short, hot summers and long, cold winters that may extend the threat of <a href="/wiki/Frost" title="Frost">frost</a> damage into early spring.<sup id="cite_ref-Sotheby_pg_211-212_5-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Sotheby_pg_211-212-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The most dominating geographical influence of Sancerre is the nearby Loire river which flows northward past the city before it curves westward at Orleans and makes its path to the ocean. Located on the west bank of the river, Sancerre nearly faces the neighbouring wine region of Pouilly-Fumé on the east bank of the river just a few miles upstream towards the south. The region is located north of the city of <a href="/wiki/Nevers" title="Nevers">Nevers</a> and 22 miles (35 kilometers) northeast of Bourges,<sup id="cite_ref-Saunders_pg_104_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Saunders_pg_104-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> To the northeast, the Burgundian wine region of Chablis is only 60 miles (97 kilometers) away and shares the same out cropping of chalk soil that extends all the way to the White Cliffs of Dover in <a href="/wiki/England" title="England">England</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Dummies_pg_194-196_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Dummies_pg_194-196-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Most vineyards planted on the hills around Sancerre are on south facing slopes at altitudes between 655 and 1,310 feet (200–400 meters). The soils around the area can be roughly classified into three categories. The far western reaches heading towards Menetou-Salon have "white" soils with <a href="/wiki/Clay" title="Clay">clay</a> and <a href="/wiki/Limestone" title="Limestone">limestone</a>. Around the village of <a href="/wiki/Chavignol" class="mw-redirect" title="Chavignol">Chavignol</a> (considered a <a href="/wiki/Cru_(wine)" title="Cru (wine)">cru</a> of Sancerre), the soil also includes some <a href="/wiki/Kimmeridgian" title="Kimmeridgian">Kimmeridgian</a> <a href="/wiki/Marl" title="Marl">marl</a>. Wines from these western reaches tend to have more <a href="/wiki/Body_(wine)" class="mw-redirect" title="Body (wine)">body</a> and power in their flavour profile. Heading closer to the city of Sancerre the soil picks up more <a href="/wiki/Gravel" title="Gravel">gravel</a> mixed with the limestone and tends to produce more light bodied wines with delicate aroma. The third classification of soil is found around the city of Sancerre itself which includes many deposits of <a href="/wiki/Flint" title="Flint">flint</a> (also known as <i>silex</i>) that add distinctive <a href="/wiki/Mineral_(wine)" class="mw-redirect" title="Mineral (wine)">mineral</a> components. These wines tend to be the most aromatic with the longest <a href="/wiki/Aging_potential" class="mw-redirect" title="Aging potential">aging potential</a> of Sancerres.<sup id="cite_ref-Oxford_pg_605_8-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Oxford_pg_605-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Viticulture_and_winemaking">Viticulture and winemaking</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sancerre_(wine)&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Viticulture and winemaking"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Sancerre_vineyards.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Sancerre_vineyards.jpg/250px-Sancerre_vineyards.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="167" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Sancerre_vineyards.jpg/375px-Sancerre_vineyards.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Sancerre_vineyards.jpg/500px-Sancerre_vineyards.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1558" data-file-height="1043" /></a><figcaption>Sancerre includes both sloping vineyards and flatter terrain.</figcaption></figure> <p>As a cool <a href="/wiki/Continental_climate" title="Continental climate">continental climate</a> region, one of the main viticultural threats in Sancerre is springtime frost. Throughout most of the <a href="/wiki/Growing_season_(vine)" class="mw-redirect" title="Growing season (vine)">growing season</a>, the nearby river <a href="/wiki/Loire" title="Loire">Loire</a> to the east and forest to the west help moderate temperatures. Vine growers in the area tend to utilize <a href="/wiki/Cordon_(vine)" class="mw-redirect" title="Cordon (vine)">cordon</a> or single <a href="/wiki/Guyot_(wine)" class="mw-redirect" title="Guyot (wine)">Guyot</a> <a href="/wiki/Vine_training" title="Vine training">vine training</a> and tailor their <a href="/wiki/Canopy_management" class="mw-redirect" title="Canopy management">canopy management</a> techniques to whichever style of Sauvignon blanc they are looking to produce. Grassy, <a href="/wiki/Herbaceous" class="mw-redirect" title="Herbaceous">herbaceous</a> styles of Sauvignon blanc are more prevalent with large, leafy canopies, while producers wishing to minimize these qualities may need wide, open canopies. In cooler <a href="/wiki/Vintage" title="Vintage">vintages</a>, the growers may need to take the additional measures of leaf plucking and de-budding in order to thin out the canopy and produce more concentrated grapes.<sup id="cite_ref-Oxford_pg_605_8-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Oxford_pg_605-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Pinot_noir_from_Sancerre.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Pinot_noir_from_Sancerre.jpg/220px-Pinot_noir_from_Sancerre.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="295" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Pinot_noir_from_Sancerre.jpg/330px-Pinot_noir_from_Sancerre.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Pinot_noir_from_Sancerre.jpg/440px-Pinot_noir_from_Sancerre.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1936" data-file-height="2592" /></a><figcaption>A Sancerre rouge made from Pinot noir.</figcaption></figure> <p>The age of vine can also contribute to how much grassy character the resultant wine may have as well as how early the grapes are <a href="/wiki/Harvest_(wine)" title="Harvest (wine)">harvested</a>. Many of the <a href="/wiki/Phenolic_compounds_(wine)" class="mw-redirect" title="Phenolic compounds (wine)">phenolic compounds</a> and <a href="/wiki/Aroma_compounds_(wine)" class="mw-redirect" title="Aroma compounds (wine)">aroma compounds</a>, such as <a href="/wiki/Pyrazine" title="Pyrazine">pyrazine</a>, that contribute to strong grassy flavours are found in the grape skins, eventually breaking down as it goes through its ripening process. Grapes that are harvested before they are <a href="/wiki/Physiologically_ripe" class="mw-redirect" title="Physiologically ripe">physiologically ripe</a> may have more overt grassy notes.<sup id="cite_ref-Wine_pg_230-231_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Wine_pg_230-231-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> How the harvest is conducted will depend on where the vineyards are located. As the steep slopes on which many Sancerre vineyards are planted make mechanical harvesting difficult, many vineyards are picked by hand.<sup id="cite_ref-Sotheby_pg_211-212_5-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Sotheby_pg_211-212-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, in the flatter vineyards located more towards the west of the appellation, mechanical harvesting is starting to become more prevalent.<sup id="cite_ref-Rob_pg_180-182_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Rob_pg_180-182-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The focus of Sancerre winemakers is usually to express the pure fruit flavours of Sauvignon blanc and the natural <i><a href="/wiki/Terroir" title="Terroir">terroir</a></i> of the region with very little adjustments taking place during winemaking.<sup id="cite_ref-MacNeil_pg_271-273_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MacNeil_pg_271-273-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Most Sancerre is produced without <a href="/wiki/Malolactic_fermentation" title="Malolactic fermentation">malolactic fermentation</a> and little <a href="/wiki/Oak_influences" class="mw-redirect" title="Oak influences">oak influences</a>. However, since the late 20th century more producers have begun experimenting with some degree of oak <a href="/wiki/Fermentation_(wine)" class="mw-redirect" title="Fermentation (wine)">fermentation</a> or aging. While most of the wines in this area are produced <a href="/wiki/Dry_(wine)" class="mw-redirect" title="Dry (wine)">dry</a>, in exceptionally warm and ripe years (such as 1989) some producers have made a <a href="/wiki/Late_harvest_wine" title="Late harvest wine">late harvest wine</a>. However, these are very rare.<sup id="cite_ref-Oxford_pg_605_8-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Oxford_pg_605-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Wines">Wines</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sancerre_(wine)&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Wines"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Composite_fermentation_tanks.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/Composite_fermentation_tanks.jpg/250px-Composite_fermentation_tanks.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="188" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/Composite_fermentation_tanks.jpg/375px-Composite_fermentation_tanks.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/Composite_fermentation_tanks.jpg/500px-Composite_fermentation_tanks.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2560" data-file-height="1920" /></a><figcaption>Sancerre wines often have very little interaction with oak, instead spending most of their fermentation and aging period in large stainless steel or fibreglass fermentation tanks, like this from a producer in the Sancerre village of Crézancy.</figcaption></figure> <p>Wine expert <a href="/wiki/Tom_Stevenson" title="Tom Stevenson">Tom Stevenson</a> describes the classic profile of Sancerre blanc as bone dry, highly aromatic with intense flavors of <a href="/wiki/Peach" title="Peach">peaches</a> and <a href="/wiki/Gooseberries" class="mw-redirect" title="Gooseberries">gooseberries</a>. He describes Sancerre rouge as being light to medium bodied with floral aromas and delicate flavors. The Pinot noir based rosés are described as dry and light bodied with <a href="/wiki/Raspberry" title="Raspberry">raspberry</a> and <a href="/wiki/Strawberry" title="Strawberry">strawberry</a> notes.<sup id="cite_ref-Sotheby_pg_211-212_5-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Sotheby_pg_211-212-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Other wine experts such as <a href="/wiki/Jancis_Robinson" title="Jancis Robinson">Jancis Robinson</a> and <a href="/wiki/Hugh_Johnson_(wine_writer)" title="Hugh Johnson (wine writer)">Hugh Johnson</a> note that in recent years overproduction has introduced a lot of variable quality with some Sancerre blancs producing flavor profiles that are not that much different from generic <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sauvignon_de_Touraine&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sauvignon de Touraine (page does not exist)">Sauvignon de Touraine</a> from the Middle Loire, though this varies depending on the producer and overall quality of the vintage.<sup id="cite_ref-Johnson_atlas_pg_122-123_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Johnson_atlas_pg_122-123-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The styles of Sancerre will vary somewhat depending on what part of the wine region in which the grapes are produced. Around the village of <a href="/wiki/Bu%C3%A9" title="Bué">Bué</a> in the western reaches of the AOC, the soils tend to have more clay and produce more full bodied and rounded wines. The village of Chavignol, located to the northwest just outside Sancerre, has light soils that include a mix of limestone and gravel which produce more perfumed wines. Near <a href="/wiki/M%C3%A9n%C3%A9tr%C3%A9ol-sous-Sancerre" title="Ménétréol-sous-Sancerre">Ménétréol-sous-Sancerre</a> there is more flint deposits and the wines take on more mineral and steely notes.<sup id="cite_ref-Johnson_atlas_pg_122-123_4-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Johnson_atlas_pg_122-123-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Within Sancerre the three villages of Bué, Chavignol and Ménétréol-sous-Sancerre (and sometimes Verdigny<sup id="cite_ref-Dummies_pg_194-196_10-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Dummies_pg_194-196-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>) have become so widely associated with distinctive and high quality wines that they are often referred to as "crus" even though Sancerre is not <a href="/wiki/Wine_classification" class="mw-redirect" title="Wine classification">officially classified</a> like parts of <a href="/wiki/Bordeaux_(wine)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bordeaux (wine)">Bordeaux</a> and <a href="/wiki/Burgundy_(wine)" class="mw-redirect" title="Burgundy (wine)">Burgundy</a>. Still, restaurants in Sancerre will often specify which wines on their wine list come from which of these three villages,<sup id="cite_ref-Rob_pg_180-182_11-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Rob_pg_180-182-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> while wine producers also try highlighting bottlings from these vineyards by including the village name on the <a href="/wiki/Wine_label" title="Wine label">wine label</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Dummies_pg_194-196_10-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Dummies_pg_194-196-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Comparisons_to_other_Sauvignon_blancs">Comparisons to other Sauvignon blancs</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sancerre_(wine)&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Comparisons to other Sauvignon blancs"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Sauvignon_blanc_vlasotince_vineyards.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Sauvignon_blanc_vlasotince_vineyards.jpg/220px-Sauvignon_blanc_vlasotince_vineyards.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Sauvignon_blanc_vlasotince_vineyards.jpg/330px-Sauvignon_blanc_vlasotince_vineyards.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Sauvignon_blanc_vlasotince_vineyards.jpg/440px-Sauvignon_blanc_vlasotince_vineyards.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2848" data-file-height="2136" /></a><figcaption>Sauvignon blanc grapes.</figcaption></figure> <p>Sancerre is often compared to neighboring <a href="/wiki/Pouilly-Fum%C3%A9" title="Pouilly-Fumé">Pouilly-Fumé</a> which also specializes in 100% Sauvignon blanc wines, and while there are some differences, wine experts like Robinson, Johnson and <a href="/wiki/Karen_MacNeil" title="Karen MacNeil">Karen MacNeil</a> note that only very experienced tasters can distinguish the differences in a <a href="/wiki/Blind_tasting" class="mw-redirect" title="Blind tasting">blind tasting</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Johnson_atlas_pg_122-123_4-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Johnson_atlas_pg_122-123-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-MacNeil_pg_271-273_12-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MacNeil_pg_271-273-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Broadly speaking, Sancerre tends to have a fuller body with more pronounced aromas, while Pouilly-Fumé wines are more perfumed. However, both wines have naturally high <a href="/wiki/Acidity_(wine)" class="mw-redirect" title="Acidity (wine)">acidity</a> and the potential to exhibit the minerally, flinty notes described as <i>pierre à fusil</i> or <a href="/wiki/Gunflint" class="mw-redirect" title="Gunflint">gunflint</a>, as well as <a href="/wiki/Citrus" title="Citrus">citrus</a> and spicy notes.<sup id="cite_ref-Dummies_pg_194-196_10-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Dummies_pg_194-196-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Similarly Sancerre is compared to Sauvignon blancs produced around the globe. According to <a href="/wiki/Master_of_wine" class="mw-redirect" title="Master of wine">Master of wine</a> <a href="/wiki/Mary_Ewing-Mulligan" title="Mary Ewing-Mulligan">Mary Ewing-Mulligan</a>, Sancerre tends to be less herbaceous and grassy than Sauvignon blancs from <a href="/wiki/New_Zealand_(wine)" class="mw-redirect" title="New Zealand (wine)">New Zealand</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Alto-Adige_(wine)" class="mw-redirect" title="Alto-Adige (wine)">Alto-Adige</a> and <a href="/wiki/Friuli-Venezia_Giulia_(wine)" class="mw-redirect" title="Friuli-Venezia Giulia (wine)">Friuli-Venezia Giulia</a> region of <a href="/wiki/Italy_(wine)" class="mw-redirect" title="Italy (wine)">Italy</a>. Compared to Sauvignon blanc grown in Bordeaux, which are often blended with <a href="/wiki/Semillon" class="mw-redirect" title="Semillon">Semillon</a>, Sancerre can be both more concentrated with more racy acidity. When contrasted with <a href="/wiki/New_World_(wine)" class="mw-redirect" title="New World (wine)">New World</a> examples from <a href="/wiki/California_(wine)" class="mw-redirect" title="California (wine)">California</a>, <a href="/wiki/Washington_(wine)" class="mw-redirect" title="Washington (wine)">Washington</a>, <a href="/wiki/Chile_(wine)" class="mw-redirect" title="Chile (wine)">Chile</a> and <a href="/wiki/South_Africa_(wine)" class="mw-redirect" title="South Africa (wine)">South Africa</a>, Sancerre tends to exhibit more assertive mineral flavours.<sup id="cite_ref-Dummies_pg_194-196_10-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Dummies_pg_194-196-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Appellation_details">Appellation details</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sancerre_(wine)&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Appellation details"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Grape_near_Sancerre.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/Grape_near_Sancerre.jpg/250px-Grape_near_Sancerre.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="188" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/Grape_near_Sancerre.jpg/375px-Grape_near_Sancerre.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/Grape_near_Sancerre.jpg/500px-Grape_near_Sancerre.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2048" data-file-height="1536" /></a><figcaption>Pinot noir grapes growing near the village of Bué.</figcaption></figure> <p>In 2006, the Sancerre AOC included 6,425 planted acres (2,600 ha).<sup id="cite_ref-Oxford_pg_605_8-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Oxford_pg_605-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The AOC covers the communes of <a href="/wiki/Bannay,_Cher" title="Bannay, Cher">Bannay</a>, Bué, <a href="/wiki/Cr%C3%A9zancy-en-Sancerre" title="Crézancy-en-Sancerre">Crézancy</a>, <a href="/wiki/Menetou-R%C3%A2tel" title="Menetou-Râtel">Menetou-Râtel</a>, Ménétréol, <a href="/wiki/Montigny,_Cher" title="Montigny, Cher">Montigny</a>, <a href="/wiki/Saint-Satur" title="Saint-Satur">Saint-Satur</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sainte-Gemme-en-Sancerrois" title="Sainte-Gemme-en-Sancerrois">Sainte-Gemme</a>, Sancerre, <a href="/wiki/Sury-en-Vaux" title="Sury-en-Vaux">Sury-en-Vaux</a>, <a href="/wiki/Thauvenay" title="Thauvenay">Thauvenay</a>, <a href="/wiki/Veaugues" title="Veaugues">Veaugues</a>, Verdigny and <a href="/wiki/Vinon" title="Vinon">Vinon</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Johnson_atlas_pg_122-123_4-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Johnson_atlas_pg_122-123-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Within the appellation there are several highly regarded vineyards, such as the Clos de la Poussie, Chêne Marchand, and Le Grand Chemarin, but since the mid-1990s local regulations have prohibited producers from making <a href="/wiki/Vineyard_designated_wine" title="Vineyard designated wine">vineyard designated wines</a> in Sancerre. Some producers have attempted to get around this regulation by abbreviating the name of the vineyard as part of a <i><a href="/wiki/Cuv%C3%A9e" title="Cuvée">cuvée</a></i> designation such as <a href="/w/index.php?title=Jean-Max_Roger&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jean-Max Roger (page does not exist)">Jean-Max Roger</a>'s bottling of <i>Sancerre Cuvée GC</i> from the Le Grand Chemarin vineyard.<sup id="cite_ref-MacNeil_pg_271-273_12-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MacNeil_pg_271-273-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>According to AOC regulations, only Sauvignon blanc and Pinot noir are permitted as AOC classified Sancerre wine. While Sauvignon blanc represents the vast majority of the area's production, Pinot noir can account for anywhere from one-fifth to one-sixth of annual production depending on the vintage.<sup id="cite_ref-Johnson_atlas_pg_122-123_4-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Johnson_atlas_pg_122-123-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/Yields_(wine)" class="mw-redirect" title="Yields (wine)">yields</a> of Sancerre blanc are limited to a maximum of 60 hectoliters per hectare while Sancerre rouge and rose are restricted to maximum yields of 55 hl/ha. The minimum <a href="/wiki/Alcohol_content" class="mw-redirect" title="Alcohol content">alcohol content</a> of Sancerre blanc is 10.5% <a href="/wiki/Alcohol_per_volume" class="mw-redirect" title="Alcohol per volume">alcohol per volume</a> while Sancerre rouge and rosé must maintain a minimum alcohol level of 10%. Wines made outside these AOC regulations must be declassified from AOC wines to <i><a href="/wiki/Vin_de_pays" title="Vin de pays">vin de pays</a></i> <a href="/wiki/Table_wine" title="Table wine">table wine</a> such as <a href="/wiki/Vin_de_Pays_du_Jardin_de_France" class="mw-redirect" title="Vin de Pays du Jardin de France">Vin de Pays du Jardin de France</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Saunders_pg_104_9-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Saunders_pg_104-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sancerre_(wine)&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width reflist-columns-2"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">E. Asimov "<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2009/04/15/dining/reviews/15wine.html">Sancerre: Say It With Feeling</a>" <i>The New York Times</i>, April 15th, 2009.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">J. Ray <i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.telegraph.co.uk/foodanddrink/wine/4323508/Top-10-Loire-wines.html">Top 10 Loire wines</a>"</i> The Telegraph, January 28th, 2009.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Clancy-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Clancy_3-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFClancy2007" class="citation web cs1">Clancy, Tomas (2007-01-28). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070929151251/http://archives.tcm.ie/businesspost/2007/01/28/story20608.asp">"A searing wine for 2007"</a>. The Sunday Business Post, Ireland. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://archives.tcm.ie/businesspost/2007/01/28/story20608.asp">the original</a> on 2007-09-29<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2007-04-28</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=A+searing+wine+for+2007&rft.pub=The+Sunday+Business+Post%2C+Ireland&rft.date=2007-01-28&rft.aulast=Clancy&rft.aufirst=Tomas&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Farchives.tcm.ie%2Fbusinesspost%2F2007%2F01%2F28%2Fstory20608.asp&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASancerre+%28wine%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Johnson_atlas_pg_122-123-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Johnson_atlas_pg_122-123_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Johnson_atlas_pg_122-123_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Johnson_atlas_pg_122-123_4-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Johnson_atlas_pg_122-123_4-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Johnson_atlas_pg_122-123_4-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Johnson_atlas_pg_122-123_4-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">H. Johnson & J. Robinson <i>The World Atlas of Wine</i> pp. 122–123, Mitchell Beazley Publishing 2005 <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-84000-332-4" title="Special:BookSources/1-84000-332-4">1-84000-332-4</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Sotheby_pg_211-212-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Sotheby_pg_211-212_5-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Sotheby_pg_211-212_5-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Sotheby_pg_211-212_5-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Sotheby_pg_211-212_5-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Sotheby_pg_211-212_5-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">T. Stevenson <i>"The Sotheby's Wine Encyclopedia"</i> pp. 211–212, Dorling Kindersley 2005 <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-7566-1324-8" title="Special:BookSources/0-7566-1324-8">0-7566-1324-8</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Johnson_pg_92-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Johnson_pg_92_6-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">H. Johnson <i>Vintage: The Story of Wine</i> p. 92, Simon and Schuster 1989 <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-671-68702-6" title="Special:BookSources/0-671-68702-6">0-671-68702-6</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Wine_pg_230-231-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Wine_pg_230-231_7-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Wine_pg_230-231_7-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">A. Domine (ed) <i>Wine</i> pp. 230-231 Ullmann Publishing 2008 <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-3-8331-4611-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-3-8331-4611-4">978-3-8331-4611-4</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Oxford_pg_605-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Oxford_pg_605_8-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Oxford_pg_605_8-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Oxford_pg_605_8-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Oxford_pg_605_8-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Oxford_pg_605_8-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">J. Robinson (ed) <i>"The Oxford Companion to Wine"</i> Third Edition p. 605, Oxford University Press 2006 <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-19-860990-6" title="Special:BookSources/0-19-860990-6">0-19-860990-6</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Saunders_pg_104-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Saunders_pg_104_9-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Saunders_pg_104_9-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">P. Saunders <i>Wine Label Language</i> p. 104, Firefly Books 2004 <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-55297-720-X" title="Special:BookSources/1-55297-720-X">1-55297-720-X</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Dummies_pg_194-196-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Dummies_pg_194-196_10-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Dummies_pg_194-196_10-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Dummies_pg_194-196_10-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Dummies_pg_194-196_10-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Dummies_pg_194-196_10-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">E. McCarthy & M. Ewing-Mulligan <i>"French Wine for Dummies"</i> pp. 194–196, Wiley Publishing 2001 <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-7645-5354-2" title="Special:BookSources/0-7645-5354-2">0-7645-5354-2</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Rob_pg_180-182-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Rob_pg_180-182_11-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Rob_pg_180-182_11-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">J. Robinson <i>Jancis Robinson's Wine Course</i> Third Edition pp. 180–182, Abbeville Press 2003 <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-7892-0883-0" title="Special:BookSources/0-7892-0883-0">0-7892-0883-0</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-MacNeil_pg_271-273-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-MacNeil_pg_271-273_12-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-MacNeil_pg_271-273_12-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-MacNeil_pg_271-273_12-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">K. MacNeil <i><a href="/wiki/The_Wine_Bible" class="mw-redirect" title="The Wine Bible">The Wine Bible</a></i> pp. 271-273 Workman Publishing 2001 <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-56305-434-5" title="Special:BookSources/1-56305-434-5">1-56305-434-5</a>.</span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output 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title="Wine">Wine</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Viticulture" title="Viticulture">Viticulture</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Annual_growth_cycle_of_grapevines" title="Annual growth cycle of grapevines">Annual growth cycle of grapevines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oenology" title="Oenology">Oenology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vitis#Species" title="Vitis">Species</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Terroir" title="Terroir">Terroir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Veraison" title="Veraison">Veraison</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vineyard" title="Vineyard">Vineyard</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/History_of_wine" title="History of wine">History</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Ancient <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Phoenicians_and_wine" title="Phoenicians and wine">Phoenicians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ancient_Greece_and_wine" title="Ancient Greece and wine">Ancient Greece</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ancient_Rome_and_wine" title="Ancient Rome and wine">Ancient Rome</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wine_in_China" title="Wine in China">China</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Noah%27s_wine" title="Noah's wine">Noah's wine</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_French_wine" title="History of French wine">France</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Great_French_Wine_Blight" title="Great French Wine Blight">Great French Wine Blight</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Georgian_wine#History" title="Georgian wine">Georgia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_World_wine" title="New World wine">New World</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Judgment_of_Paris_(wine)" title="Judgment of Paris (wine)">Judgment of Paris</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Styles</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Red_wine" title="Red wine">Red</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/White_wine" title="White wine">White</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sparkling_wine" title="Sparkling wine">Sparkling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ros%C3%A9" title="Rosé">Rosé</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orange_wine" title="Orange wine">Orange</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dessert_wine" title="Dessert wine">Dessert</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fortified_wine" title="Fortified wine">Fortified</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ice_wine" title="Ice wine">Ice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aromatised_wine" title="Aromatised wine">Aromatized</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fruit_wine" title="Fruit wine">Fruit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Noble_rot" title="Noble rot">Noble rot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Straw_wine" title="Straw wine">Straw</a></li></ul></li></ul> <ul><li>Other <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Table_wine" title="Table wine">Table</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Natural_wine" title="Natural wine">Natural</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Biodynamic_wine" title="Biodynamic wine">Biodynamic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Organic_wine" title="Organic wine">Organic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kosher_wine" title="Kosher wine">Kosher</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Top <a href="/wiki/List_of_grape_varieties" title="List of grape varieties">grape varieties</a><br />by acreage</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/White_wine" title="White wine">White</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Air%C3%A9n" title="Airén">Airén</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aligot%C3%A9" title="Aligoté">Aligoté</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catarratto" title="Catarratto">Catarratto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cayetana_blanca" title="Cayetana blanca">Cayetana blanca</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chardonnay" title="Chardonnay">Chardonnay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chenin_blanc" title="Chenin blanc">Chenin blanc</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Colombard" title="Colombard">Colombard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glera_(grape)" title="Glera (grape)">Glera</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gr%C3%BCner_Veltliner" title="Grüner Veltliner">Grüner Veltliner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Macabeo" title="Macabeo">Macabeo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/M%C3%BCller-Thurgau" title="Müller-Thurgau">Müller-Thurgau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muscat_Blanc_%C3%A0_Petits_Grains" title="Muscat Blanc à Petits Grains">Muscat blanc</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muscat_of_Alexandria" title="Muscat of Alexandria">Muscat of Alexandria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palomino_(grape)" title="Palomino (grape)">Palomino</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Riesling" title="Riesling">Riesling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rkatsiteli" title="Rkatsiteli">Rkatsiteli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sauvignon_blanc" title="Sauvignon blanc">Sauvignon blanc</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/S%C3%A9millon" title="Sémillon">Sémillon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trebbiano" title="Trebbiano">Trebbiano</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Welschriesling" title="Welschriesling">Welschriesling</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Red_wine" title="Red wine">Red</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alicante_Bouschet" title="Alicante Bouschet">Alicante Bouschet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barbera" title="Barbera">Barbera</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bobal" title="Bobal">Bobal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cabernet_Franc" title="Cabernet Franc">Cabernet Franc</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cabernet_Sauvignon" title="Cabernet Sauvignon">Cabernet Sauvignon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carignan" title="Carignan">Carignan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cinsaut" title="Cinsaut">Cinsaut</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Douce_noir" title="Douce noir">Douce noir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gamay" title="Gamay">Gamay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grenache" title="Grenache">Grenache</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Isabella_(grape)" title="Isabella (grape)">Isabella</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malbec" title="Malbec">Malbec</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Merlot" title="Merlot">Merlot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Montepulciano_(grape)" title="Montepulciano (grape)">Montepulciano</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mourv%C3%A8dre" title="Mourvèdre">Mourvèdre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pinot_noir" title="Pinot noir">Pinot noir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sangiovese" title="Sangiovese">Sangiovese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Syrah" title="Syrah">Syrah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tempranillo" title="Tempranillo">Tempranillo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zinfandel" title="Zinfandel">Zinfandel</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_wine-producing_regions" title="List of wine-producing regions">Major regions</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Old_World_wine" title="Old World wine">Old World</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_World_wine" title="New World wine">New World</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Packaging, <a href="/wiki/Wine_accessory" title="Wine accessory">accessories</a>,<br />and <a href="/wiki/Storage_of_wine" title="Storage of wine">storage</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alternative_wine_closure" title="Alternative wine closure">Alternative wine closure</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Box_wine" title="Box wine">Box wine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Corkscrew" title="Corkscrew">Corkscrew</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Decanter" title="Decanter">Decanter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jug_wine" title="Jug wine">Jug wine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kvevri" title="Kvevri">Kvevri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muselet" title="Muselet">Muselet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Port_tongs" title="Port tongs">Port tongs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Screw_cap_(wine)" title="Screw cap (wine)">Screw cap</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wine_bottle" title="Wine bottle">Wine bottle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wine_cave" title="Wine cave">Wine cave</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wine_cellar" title="Wine cellar">Wine cellar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wine_cork" title="Wine cork">Wine cork</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wine_dispenser" title="Wine dispenser">Wine dispenser</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wine_glass" title="Wine glass">Wine glass</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wine_label" title="Wine label">Wine label</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wine_rack" title="Wine rack">Wine rack</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Wine_chemistry" title="Wine chemistry">Wine chemistry</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aroma_of_wine" title="Aroma of wine">Aroma of wine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Acids_in_wine" title="Acids in wine">Acids in wine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phenolic_content_in_wine" title="Phenolic content in wine">Phenolic content in wine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Proteins_in_wine" title="Proteins in wine">Proteins in wine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sugars_in_wine" title="Sugars in wine">Sugars in wine</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Industry</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Classification_of_wine" title="Classification of wine">Classification</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oenophilia" title="Oenophilia">Oenophilia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sommelier" title="Sommelier">Sommelier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wine_and_food_pairing" title="Wine and food pairing">Wine and food pairing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wine_fault" title="Wine fault">Wine fault</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wine_fraud" title="Wine fraud">Wine fraud</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Winemaker" title="Winemaker">Winemaker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_wine_personalities" class="mw-redirect" title="List of wine personalities">Wine personalities</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wine_tasting" title="Wine tasting">Wine tasting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wine_tasting_descriptors" title="Wine tasting descriptors">Wine tasting descriptors</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="font-weight:bold;"><div> <ul><li><b><span class="nowrap"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:A_bottle_and_glass_of_wine.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/A_bottle_and_glass_of_wine.svg/8px-A_bottle_and_glass_of_wine.svg.png" decoding="async" width="8" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/A_bottle_and_glass_of_wine.svg/13px-A_bottle_and_glass_of_wine.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/A_bottle_and_glass_of_wine.svg/17px-A_bottle_and_glass_of_wine.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="948" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Wine" title="Portal:Wine">Wine portal</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Outline_of_wine" title="Outline of wine">Outline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glossary_of_wine_terms" title="Glossary of wine terms">Glossary</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Winemaking" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Winemaking" 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title="Vintage">Vintage</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Pressing_(wine)" title="Pressing (wine)">Pressing</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Acids_in_wine" title="Acids in wine">Deacidification</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Destemming" class="mw-redirect" title="Destemming">Destemming</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chaptalization" title="Chaptalization">Chaptalization</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wine_press" class="mw-redirect" title="Wine press">Wine press</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Maceration_(wine)" title="Maceration (wine)">Maceration</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Carbonic_maceration" title="Carbonic maceration">Carbonic maceration</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Fermentation_in_winemaking" title="Fermentation in winemaking">Fermentation</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Malolactic_fermentation" title="Malolactic fermentation">Malolactic fermentation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sparkling_wine_production" title="Sparkling wine production">Sparkling wine production</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sugars_in_wine" title="Sugars in wine">Sugars in wine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/S%C3%BCssreserve" class="mw-redirect" title="Süssreserve">Süssreserve</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Traditional_method" title="Traditional method">Traditional method</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yeast_assimilable_nitrogen" title="Yeast assimilable nitrogen">Yeast assimilable nitrogen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yeast_in_winemaking" title="Yeast in winemaking">Yeast in winemaking</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Aging_of_wine" title="Aging of wine">Aging</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Oak_(wine)" title="Oak (wine)">Oak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solera" title="Solera">Solera</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wine_cellar" title="Wine cellar">Wine cellar</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other steps</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Clarification_and_stabilization_of_wine" title="Clarification and stabilization of wine">Clarification and stabilization of wine</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Winery" title="Winery">Winery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wine_bottle" title="Wine bottle">Wine bottle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glossary_of_viticulture_terms" title="Glossary of viticulture terms">Glossary of viticulture terms</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glossary_of_winemaking_terms" title="Glossary of winemaking terms">Glossary of winemaking terms</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wine_tasting_descriptors" title="Wine tasting descriptors">Wine tasting descriptors</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_wine_press" title="History of the wine press">History of the wine press</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_wine" title="History of wine">History of wine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Terroir" title="Terroir">Terroir</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><b><span 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