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href="/wiki/Spesiaal:Onlangse_wysigings" title="'n Lys van onlangse wysigings [r]" accesskey="r"><span>Onlangse wysigings</span></a></li><li id="n-randompage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Spesiaal:Lukraak" title="Laai 'n lukrake bladsye [x]" accesskey="x"><span>Lukrake bladsy</span></a></li><li id="n-help" class="mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Help:Contents" title="Vind meer uit oor iets"><span>Hulp</span></a></li><li id="n-Sandput" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Sandput"><span>Sandput</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <a href="/wiki/Tuisblad" class="mw-logo"> <img class="mw-logo-icon" src="/static/images/icons/wikipedia.png" alt="" aria-hidden="true" height="50" width="50"> <span class="mw-logo-container skin-invert"> <img class="mw-logo-wordmark" alt="Wikipedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-en.svg" style="width: 7.5em; height: 1.125em;"> <img 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class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Voorkoms"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="Change the appearance of the page's font size, width, and color" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Voorkoms" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Voorkoms</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_af.wikipedia.org&uselang=af" class=""><span>Skenkings</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Spesiaal:SkepRekening&returnto=Seevlak" title="U word aangemoedig om 'n gebruiker te skep en aan te meld, hoewel dit nie verpligtend is nie." class=""><span>Skep gebruiker</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Spesiaal:Teken_in&returnto=Seevlak" title="U word aangemoedig om aan te meld. Dit is egter nie verpligtend nie. [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Meld aan</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Meer opsies" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Persoonlike gereedskap" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Persoonlike gereedskap</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="User menu" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_af.wikipedia.org&uselang=af"><span>Skenkings</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Spesiaal:SkepRekening&returnto=Seevlak" title="U word aangemoedig om 'n gebruiker te skep en aan te meld, hoewel dit nie verpligtend is nie."><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Skep gebruiker</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Spesiaal:Teken_in&returnto=Seevlak" title="U word aangemoedig om aan te meld. Dit is egter nie verpligtend nie. [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Meld aan</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Bladsye vir uitgemelde redakteurs <a href="/wiki/Hulp:Inleiding" aria-label="Leer meer oor redigering"><span>leer meer</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Spesiaal:Mybydrae" title="A list of edits made from this IP address [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Bydraes</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Spesiaal:Mybespreking" title="Bespreking oor bydraes van hierdie IP-adres [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Bespreking</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Werf"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Inhoud" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Inhoud</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">skuif na kantbalk</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">versteek</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Inleiding</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Die_gemiddelde_seevlak" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Die_gemiddelde_seevlak"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Die gemiddelde seevlak</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Die_gemiddelde_seevlak-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Seevlakveranderinge_oor_die_eeue" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Seevlakveranderinge_oor_die_eeue"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Seevlakveranderinge oor die eeue</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Seevlakveranderinge_oor_die_eeue-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Seevlakstygings" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Seevlakstygings"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Seevlakstygings</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Seevlakstygings-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Onder_seevlak" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Onder_seevlak"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Onder seevlak</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Onder_seevlak-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Verdere_seevlakfeite" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Verdere_seevlakfeite"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Verdere seevlakfeite</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Verdere_seevlakfeite-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bronne" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bronne"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Bronne</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bronne-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sien_ook" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sien_ook"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Sien ook</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sien_ook-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Eksterne_skakels" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Eksterne_skakels"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Eksterne skakels</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Eksterne_skakels-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Inhoud" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Wissel die inhoudsopgawe" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Wissel die inhoudsopgawe</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Seevlak</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Gaan na 'n artikel in 'n ander taal. Beskikbaar in 97 tale" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-97" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">97 tale</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Livel_d%27a_mar" title="Livel d'a mar – Aragonees" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Livel d'a mar" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="Aragonees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%B3%D8%AA%D9%88%D9%89_%D8%B3%D8%B7%D8%AD_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8%D8%AD%D8%B1" title="مستوى سطح البحر – Arabies" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="مستوى سطح البحر" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nivel_de_la_mar" title="Nivel de la mar – Asturies" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Nivel de la mar" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/D%C9%99niz_s%C9%99viyy%C9%99si" title="Dəniz səviyyəsi – Azerbeidjans" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Dəniz səviyyəsi" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbeidjans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AF%D9%86%DB%8C%D8%B2_%D8%B3%D8%B7%D8%AD%DB%8C" title="دنیز سطحی – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="دنیز سطحی" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B8%D2%A3%D0%B3%D0%B5%D2%99_%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BC%D3%99%D0%BB%D0%B5" title="Диңгеҙ кимәле – Baskir" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Диңгеҙ кимәле" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="Baskir" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%B7%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%8C_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B0" title="Узровень мора – Belarussies" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Узровень мора" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarussies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE_%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%89%D0%B5" title="Морско равнище – Bulgaars" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Морско равнище" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgaars" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bh mw-list-item"><a href="https://bh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%A6%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0_%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%B2" title="समुंद्र तल – Bhojpuri" lang="bh" hreflang="bh" data-title="समुंद्र तल" data-language-autonym="भोजपुरी" data-language-local-name="Bhojpuri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>भोजपुरी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%AE%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%A6%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0_%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%A4%E0%A6%B2" title="সমুদ্র সমতল – Bengaals" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="সমুদ্র সমতল" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bengaals" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nivell_mitj%C3%A0_del_mar" title="Nivell mitjà del mar – Katalaans" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Nivell mitjà del mar" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Katalaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ce mw-list-item"><a href="https://ce.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D3%80%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%B7" title="ХӀордан сиз – Tsjetsjeens" lang="ce" hreflang="ce" data-title="ХӀордан сиз" data-language-autonym="Нохчийн" data-language-local-name="Tsjetsjeens" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Нохчийн</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hladina_mo%C5%99e" title="Hladina moře – Tsjeggies" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Hladina moře" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Tsjeggies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B8%D0%BD%D3%97%D1%81_%D1%88%D0%B0%D0%B9%D3%97" title="Тинӗс шайӗ – Chuvash" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Тинӗс шайӗ" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="Chuvash" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Havoverflade" title="Havoverflade – Deens" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Havoverflade" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Deens" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meeresspiegel" title="Meeresspiegel – Duits" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Meeresspiegel" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="Duits" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A3%CF%84%CE%AC%CE%B8%CE%BC%CE%B7_%CE%B8%CE%B1%CE%BB%CE%AC%CF%83%CF%83%CE%B7%CF%82" title="Στάθμη θαλάσσης – Grieks" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Στάθμη θαλάσσης" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Grieks" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sea_level" title="Sea level – Engels" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Sea level" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="Engels" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marnivelo" title="Marnivelo – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Marnivelo" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nivel_del_mar" title="Nivel del mar – Spaans" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Nivel del mar" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meretase" title="Meretase – Estnies" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Meretase" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estnies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Itsas_maila" title="Itsas maila – Baskies" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Itsas maila" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Baskies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D8%B7%D8%AD_%D8%AF%D8%B1%DB%8C%D8%A7%DB%8C_%D8%A2%D8%B2%D8%A7%D8%AF" title="سطح دریای آزاد – Persies" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="سطح دریای آزاد" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Merenpinnan_taso" title="Merenpinnan taso – Fins" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Merenpinnan taso" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Fins" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Niveau_de_la_mer" title="Niveau de la mer – Frans" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Niveau de la mer" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="Frans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr badge-Q70894304 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siapeegel" title="Siapeegel – Noord-Fries" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Siapeegel" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="Noord-Fries" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fur mw-list-item"><a href="https://fur.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nivel_dal_m%C3%A2r" title="Nivel dal mâr – Friuliaans" lang="fur" hreflang="fur" data-title="Nivel dal mâr" data-language-autonym="Furlan" data-language-local-name="Friuliaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Furlan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seenivo" title="Seenivo – Fries" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Seenivo" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="Fries" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leibh%C3%A9al_na_mara" title="Leibhéal na mara – Iers" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Leibhéal na mara" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Iers" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nivel_medio_do_mar" title="Nivel medio do mar – Galisies" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Nivel medio do mar" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galisies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ha mw-list-item"><a href="https://ha.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sea_level" title="Sea level – Hausa" lang="ha" hreflang="ha" data-title="Sea level" data-language-autonym="Hausa" data-language-local-name="Hausa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hausa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%92%D7%95%D7%91%D7%94_%D7%A4%D7%A0%D7%99_%D7%94%D7%99%D7%9D" title="גובה פני הים – Hebreeus" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="גובה פני הים" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebreeus" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%A6%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0_%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%B2" title="समुद्र तल – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="समुद्र तल" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Morska_razina" title="Morska razina – Kroaties" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Morska razina" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Kroaties" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B2%D5%A1%D6%81%D5%A1%D6%80%D5%B1%D5%A1%D5%AF_%D5%A2%D5%A1%D6%80%D5%B1%D6%80%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%A9%D5%B5%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%B6" title="Բացարձակ բարձրություն – Armeens" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Բացարձակ բարձրություն" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armeens" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nivello_del_mar" title="Nivello del mar – Interlingua" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Nivello del mar" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="Interlingua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Permukaan_laut" title="Permukaan laut – Indonesies" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Permukaan laut" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ilo mw-list-item"><a href="https://ilo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pantar_ti_baybay" title="Pantar ti baybay – Iloko" lang="ilo" hreflang="ilo" data-title="Pantar ti baybay" data-language-autonym="Ilokano" data-language-local-name="Iloko" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ilokano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marala_nivelo" title="Marala nivelo – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Marala nivelo" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sj%C3%A1varm%C3%A1l" title="Sjávarmál – Yslands" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Sjávarmál" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Yslands" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Livello_del_mare" title="Livello del mare – Italiaans" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Livello del mare" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italiaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%B5%B7%E9%9D%A2" title="海面 – Japannees" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="海面" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japannees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%96%E1%83%A6%E1%83%95%E1%83%98%E1%83%A1_%E1%83%93%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9C%E1%83%94" title="ზღვის დონე – Georgies" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ზღვის დონე" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B1%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%BE%D1%82%D1%82%D1%96%D0%BA_%D0%B1%D0%B8%D1%96%D0%BA%D1%82%D1%96%D0%BA" title="Абсоліоттік биіктік – Kazaks" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Абсоліоттік биіктік" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazaks" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%ED%95%B4%EC%88%98%EB%A9%B4" title="해수면 – Koreaans" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="해수면" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Koreaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asta_deryay%C3%AA" title="Asta deryayê – Koerdies" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Asta deryayê" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="Koerdies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B5%D2%A3%D0%B8%D0%B7_%D0%B4%D0%B5%D2%A3%D0%B3%D1%8D%D1%8D%D0%BB%D0%B8" title="Деңиз деңгээли – Kirgisies" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Деңиз деңгээли" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="Kirgisies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maris_aequor" title="Maris aequor – Latyn" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Maris aequor" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latyn" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zie%C3%ABniveau" title="Zieëniveau – Limburgs" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Zieëniveau" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="Limburgs" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nivell_del_mar" title="Nivell del mar – Lombard" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Nivell del mar" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="Lombard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/J%C5%ABros_lygis" title="Jūros lygis – Litaus" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Jūros lygis" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Litaus" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/J%C5%ABras_l%C4%ABmenis" title="Jūras līmenis – Letties" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Jūras līmenis" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Letties" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-map-bms mw-list-item"><a href="https://map-bms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nang_dhuwur_laut" title="Nang dhuwur laut – Banyumasan" lang="jv-x-bms" hreflang="jv-x-bms" data-title="Nang dhuwur laut" data-language-autonym="Basa Banyumasan" data-language-local-name="Banyumasan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Basa Banyumasan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haavon%27ny_ranomasina" title="Haavon'ny ranomasina – Malgassies" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Haavon'ny ranomasina" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="Malgassies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE_%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B2%D0%BE" title="Морско ниво – Masedonies" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Морско ниво" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Masedonies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%B8%E0%B4%AE%E0%B5%81%E0%B4%A6%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%A8%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%8D" title="സമുദ്രനിരപ്പ് – Malabaars" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="സമുദ്രനിരപ്പ്" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malabaars" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BD_%D1%82%D2%AF%D0%B2%D1%88%D0%B8%D0%BD" title="Далайн түвшин – Mongools" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Далайн түвшин" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="Mongools" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%A6%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%9F%E0%A5%80" title="समुद्रसपाटी – Marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="समुद्रसपाटी" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aras_laut" title="Aras laut – Maleis" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Aras laut" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Maleis" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%95%E1%80%84%E1%80%BA%E1%80%9C%E1%80%9A%E1%80%BA%E1%80%9B%E1%80%B1%E1%80%99%E1%80%BB%E1%80%80%E1%80%BA%E1%80%94%E1%80%BE%E1%80%AC%E1%80%95%E1%80%BC%E1%80%84%E1%80%BA" title="ပင်လယ်ရေမျက်နှာပြင် – Birmaans" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="ပင်လယ်ရေမျက်နှာပြင်" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="Birmaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zeeniveau" title="Zeeniveau – Nederlands" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Zeeniveau" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Nederlands" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Havniv%C3%A5" title="Havnivå – Nuwe Noors" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Havnivå" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Nuwe Noors" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Havniv%C3%A5" title="Havnivå – Boeknoors" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Havnivå" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Boeknoors" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Niv%C3%A8l_de_la_mar" title="Nivèl de la mar – Oksitaans" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Nivèl de la mar" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Oksitaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Poziom_morza" title="Poziom morza – Pools" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Poziom morza" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Pools" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pms mw-list-item"><a href="https://pms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Livel_d%C3%ABl_mar" title="Livel dël mar – Piedmontese" lang="pms" hreflang="pms" data-title="Livel dël mar" data-language-autonym="Piemontèis" data-language-local-name="Piedmontese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Piemontèis</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D9%85%D9%86%D8%AF%D8%B1%DB%8C_%D9%BE%D8%AF%DA%BE%D8%B1" title="سمندری پدھر – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="سمندری پدھر" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/N%C3%ADvel_do_mar" title="Nível do mar – Portugees" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Nível do mar" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portugees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nivelul_m%C4%83rii" title="Nivelul mării – Roemeens" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Nivelul mării" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Roemeens" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A3%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%8C_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%8F" title="Уровень моря – Russies" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Уровень моря" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rue mw-list-item"><a href="https://rue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A3%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%8C_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%8F" title="Уровень моря – Rusyn" lang="rue" hreflang="rue" data-title="Уровень моря" data-language-autonym="Русиньскый" data-language-local-name="Rusyn" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русиньскый</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sc mw-list-item"><a href="https://sc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Livellu_de_su_mare" title="Livellu de su mare – Sardinies" lang="sc" hreflang="sc" data-title="Livellu de su mare" data-language-autonym="Sardu" data-language-local-name="Sardinies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sardu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sea_level" title="Sea level – Skots" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Sea level" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="Skots" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Razina_mora" title="Razina mora – Serwo-Kroaties" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Razina mora" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serwo-Kroaties" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sea_level" title="Sea level – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Sea level" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hladina_mora" title="Hladina mora – Slowaaks" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Hladina mora" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slowaaks" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Morska_gladina" title="Morska gladina – Sloweens" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Morska gladina" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Sloweens" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-so mw-list-item"><a href="https://so.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jooga_bada" title="Jooga bada – Somalies" lang="so" hreflang="so" data-title="Jooga bada" data-language-autonym="Soomaaliga" data-language-local-name="Somalies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Soomaaliga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B8%D0%B2%D0%BE_%D1%81%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B3_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B0" title="Ниво светског мора – Serwies" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Ниво светског мора" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serwies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Havsyta" title="Havsyta – Sweeds" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Havsyta" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Sweeds" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Usawa_bahari_wastani" title="Usawa bahari wastani – Swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Usawa bahari wastani" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="Swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%9F%E0%AE%B2%E0%AF%8D_%E0%AE%AE%E0%AE%9F%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%9F%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%8D" title="கடல் மட்டம் – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="கடல் மட்டம்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%B8%E0%B0%AE%E0%B1%81%E0%B0%A6%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%AE%E0%B0%9F%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%9F%E0%B0%82" title="సముద్రమట్టం – Teloegoe" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="సముద్రమట్టం" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="Teloegoe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%99%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%B3%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%B0%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A5" title="ระดับน้ำทะเล – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ระดับน้ำทะเล" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deniz_seviyesi" title="Deniz seviyesi – Turks" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Deniz seviyesi" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turks" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D1%96%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%8C_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%8F" title="Рівень моря – Oekraïens" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Рівень моря" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Oekraïens" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D8%B7%D8%AD_%D8%B3%D9%85%D9%86%D8%AF%D8%B1" title="سطح سمندر – Oerdoe" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="سطح سمندر" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Oerdoe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dengiz_sathi" title="Dengiz sathi – Oezbeeks" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Dengiz sathi" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Oezbeeks" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%E1%BB%B1c_n%C6%B0%E1%BB%9Bc_bi%E1%BB%83n" title="Mực nước biển – Viëtnamees" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Mực nước biển" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Viëtnamees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Katupngan_ha_dagat" title="Katupngan ha dagat – Waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Katupngan ha dagat" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%B5%B7%E5%B9%B3%E9%9D%A2" title="海平面 – Wu-Sjinees" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="海平面" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu-Sjinees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%96%E1%83%A3%E1%83%A6%E1%83%90%E1%83%A8_%E1%83%93%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9C%E1%83%94" title="ზუღაშ დონე – Mingrelian" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="ზუღაშ დონე" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="Mingrelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zea mw-list-item"><a href="https://zea.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ze%C3%AAniveau" title="Zeêniveau – Zeelandic" lang="zea" hreflang="zea" data-title="Zeêniveau" data-language-autonym="Zeêuws" data-language-local-name="Zeelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zeêuws</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%B5%B7%E5%B9%B3%E9%9D%A2" title="海平面 – Chinees" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="海平面" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-classical mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-classical.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%B5%B7%E5%B9%B3%E9%9D%A2" title="海平面 – Literary Chinese" lang="lzh" hreflang="lzh" data-title="海平面" data-language-autonym="文言" data-language-local-name="Literary Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>文言</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/H%C3%A1i-p%C3%AAng-b%C4%ABn" title="Hái-pêng-bīn – Min Nan-Sjinees" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Hái-pêng-bīn" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Min Nan-Sjinees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%B5%B7%E5%B9%B3%E9%9D%A2" title="海平面 – Kantonees" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="海平面" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Kantonees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q125465#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Wysig skakels tussen tale" class="wbc-editpage">Wysig skakels</a></span></div> </div> </div> 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</div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Druk/uitvoer </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-create_a_book" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Spesiaal:Boek&bookcmd=book_creator&referer=Seevlak"><span>Skep boek</span></a></li><li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Spesiaal:DownloadAsPdf&page=Seevlak&action=show-download-screen"><span>Laai af as PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Seevlak&printable=yes" title="Drukbare weergawe van hierdie bladsy [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Drukbare weergawe</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Ander projekte </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Sea_level" hreflang="en"><span>Wikimedia Commons</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q125465" title="Skakel na gekonnekteerde databank item [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Wikidata-item</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Voorkoms"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Voorkoms</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">skuif na kantbalk</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">versteek</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">in Wikipedia, die vrye ensiklopedie</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="af" dir="ltr"><figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/L%C3%AAer:Israel_Sea_Level_BW_1.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Israel_Sea_Level_BW_1.JPG/300px-Israel_Sea_Level_BW_1.JPG" decoding="async" width="300" height="201" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Israel_Sea_Level_BW_1.JPG/450px-Israel_Sea_Level_BW_1.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Israel_Sea_Level_BW_1.JPG/600px-Israel_Sea_Level_BW_1.JPG 2x" data-file-width="3872" data-file-height="2592" /></a><figcaption>'n Merker wat die <b>hoogte bo seevlak</b> aandui op die pad tussen <a href="/wiki/Jerusalem" title="Jerusalem">Jerusalem</a> en die <a href="/wiki/Dooie_See" title="Dooie See">Dooie See</a> in <a href="/wiki/Israel" title="Israel">Israel</a>.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/L%C3%AAer:Recent_Sea_Level_Rise.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Recent_Sea_Level_Rise.png/220px-Recent_Sea_Level_Rise.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="153" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Recent_Sea_Level_Rise.png/330px-Recent_Sea_Level_Rise.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Recent_Sea_Level_Rise.png/440px-Recent_Sea_Level_Rise.png 2x" data-file-width="537" data-file-height="373" /></a><figcaption>Rekords van die seevlak (gemeet op 23 gety-stabiele plekke) toon 'n styging van ongeveer 200 mm gedurende die 20ste eeu (dit is 2 mm/jaar).</figcaption></figure> <p>Die term <b>seevlak</b> of <b>seespieël</b> word gebruik om die gemiddelde hoogte waarop die <a href="/wiki/Land" title="Land">land</a> en <a href="/wiki/See" title="See">see</a> mekaar ontmoet, aan te dui. </p><p>Dit kom algemeen voor in die geografiese beskrywings van <a href="/wiki/Berg" title="Berg">berge</a>, <a href="/wiki/Rivier" title="Rivier">riviere</a> en <a href="/wiki/Stad" title="Stad">stede</a> as: <i><b>Hoogte bo seevlak</b></i>, wat dan meen "soveel voet" of "soveel meter" bokant die gemiddelde vlak van die see of oseaan. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Die_gemiddelde_seevlak">Die gemiddelde seevlak</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Seevlak&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Wysig afdeling: Die gemiddelde seevlak" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>wysig</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Seevlak&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section's source code: Die gemiddelde seevlak"><span>wysig bron</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In <a href="/wiki/Aardmeetkunde" title="Aardmeetkunde">geodesie</a> dien 'n gemiddelde watervlak dikwels as die nulvlak vir hoogtebepalings. Gegewe dat die lesings van getymeters die gemiddelde watervlakke oor dekades weergee, word seisoenale effekte en <a href="/wiki/Gety" title="Gety">getye</a> feitlik uitgeskakel. Verskillende meters, wat nie presies op 'n ekwivalente oppervlak geleë is nie, verskaf verskillende bepalings oor verskillende tydperke. Dit is dan die rede waarom die nulvlak van die hoogtestelsels van verskillende lande effens verskil van mekaar. So byvoorbeeld, verskil die <a href="/wiki/Middellandse_See" title="Middellandse See">Middellandse Seevlak</a> by <a href="/wiki/Genua" title="Genua">Genua</a>, asook <a href="/wiki/Tri%C3%ABst" title="Triëst">Triëst</a>, in <a href="/wiki/Itali%C3%AB" title="Italië">Italië</a> met dié van <a href="/wiki/Amsterdam" title="Amsterdam">Amsterdam</a> aan die <a href="/wiki/Atlantiese_Oseaan" title="Atlantiese Oseaan">Atlantiese kus</a> met sowat 30 cm. </p><p>Die gemiddelde seevlak is grootliks die geoïde en word ook gebruik as 'n verwysingsoppervlak vir die geodesiese aardmodel. Die afwykings van die geoïde word hoofsaaklik deur seestrome veroorsaak en kan 'n paar desimeter bereik. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Seevlakveranderinge_oor_die_eeue">Seevlakveranderinge oor die eeue</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Seevlak&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Wysig afdeling: Seevlakveranderinge oor die eeue" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>wysig</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Seevlak&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section's source code: Seevlakveranderinge oor die eeue"><span>wysig bron</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Die seevlak het oor die eeue aansienlik gewissel. Dit is die rede hoekom daar soms nuwe eilande hul verskyning maak wanneer die seevlak heelwat laer is. Terselfdertyd kan hoër seevlakke tot die verdwyning van eilande lei en kuslyne aansienlik verander. </p><p>Volgens verskeie bronne is stygings en dalings in die <a href="/wiki/Seevlakstyging" title="Seevlakstyging">seevlak</a> die gevolg van: </p> <ul><li>Streeksveranderinge weens ’n spesifieke gebied wat relatief tot die algemene seevlak daal of styg. Dit kan die gevolg van <a href="/wiki/Plaattektoniek" title="Plaattektoniek">tektoniese verskuiwings</a> en ander geologiese prosesse in die gebied wees, soos byvoorbeeld Amerika se Stille Oseaan-kus. Dele wat voorheen deel van die oseaanbodem was, kan bo die seevlak verskyn.</li></ul> <ul><li>Wêreldwyd kan die gemiddelde seevlak ook styg weens gletsers en yslae wat smelt en die hoeveelheid water wat dit aan die oseane toevoeg. Seevlakke het deurlopend oor die eeue verander, soos die geval was sowat 15 000-18 000 jaar gelede, met een van die Ystydperke, toe die seevlak sowat 120 meter laer was as vandag. Dit is bekend dat Brittanje byvoorbeeld in die laaste Ystydperk ’n deel van die Europese vasteland was, maar toe die temperatuur gestyg het, het baie ys gesmelt en gevolglik die seevlak sodanig laat styg dat dit weer ’n eiland geword het – sowat 8 500 jaar gelede.</li></ul> <p>Dit is bekend dat die seevlak oor die afgelope eeu met sowat 100-150 mm gestyg het en dat dit steeds geleidelik aan die styg is. Dit is maar ’n geringe styging indien dit met stygings van ’n paar honderd meter vergelyk word wat in fases voorgekom het en 'n groot verskil gemaak het aan vastelande soos ons dit vandag ken. </p> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/L%C3%AAer:Durban_Harbour,_Durban,_KwaZulu-Natal,_South_Africa_(20513580915).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Durban_Harbour%2C_Durban%2C_KwaZulu-Natal%2C_South_Africa_%2820513580915%29.jpg/440px-Durban_Harbour%2C_Durban%2C_KwaZulu-Natal%2C_South_Africa_%2820513580915%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="440" height="197" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Durban_Harbour%2C_Durban%2C_KwaZulu-Natal%2C_South_Africa_%2820513580915%29.jpg/660px-Durban_Harbour%2C_Durban%2C_KwaZulu-Natal%2C_South_Africa_%2820513580915%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Durban_Harbour%2C_Durban%2C_KwaZulu-Natal%2C_South_Africa_%2820513580915%29.jpg/880px-Durban_Harbour%2C_Durban%2C_KwaZulu-Natal%2C_South_Africa_%2820513580915%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="6268" data-file-height="2810" /></a><figcaption>In die Durban-omgewing is twee verdronke duinstelsels 5 km en 10 km van die strandfront af op die seebodem. Die seevlak het baie gewissel oor die eeue.</figcaption></figure> <p>Groot dele van die Suid-Afrikaanse kus was onder water: die berekeninge is dat die rotse aan die strandfront van die <a href="/wiki/KwaZulu-Natal" title="KwaZulu-Natal">KwaZulu-Natalse</a> kusdorp <a href="/wiki/Amanzimtoti" title="Amanzimtoti">Amanzimtoti</a> byvoorbeeld 120 000 jaar gelede 6 meter onder die seevlak was. </p><p>In die Durban-omgewing is twee verdronke duinstelsels 5 km en 10 km in die see, 'n duidelike teken van die laer seevlak duisende jare gelede, toe dit deel van die kus was. </p><p>Verskeie kusdele ter wêreld het oor die eeue bo die seevlak verskyn wanneer dit ’n koue tydperk was en weer verdwyn wanneer die <a href="/wiki/Gletser" title="Gletser">gletsers</a> gedeeltelik in die warmer tydperke gemelt en die seevlak gevolglik gestyg het. Verskeie voorbeelde van verdronke kusgebiede in die suidweste van <a href="/wiki/Ierland" title="Ierland">Ierland</a>, Brittanje, in die noordweste van <a href="/wiki/Spanje" title="Spanje">Spanje</a>, Nieu-Seeland, Kroasië en selfs <a href="/wiki/Chesapeake_Bay" title="Chesapeake Bay">Chesapeake Bay</a> in Amerika kan genoem word. </p><p>Stygings in die seevlak beteken dat die see opstoot in valleie en dit word ’n ria genoem. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Seevlakstygings">Seevlakstygings</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Seevlak&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Wysig afdeling: Seevlakstygings" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>wysig</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Seevlak&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section's source code: Seevlakstygings"><span>wysig bron</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In die onlangse dekades is wyd bespiegel oor die uitwerking van die uitermatige vrystelling van <a href="/wiki/Koolstofdioksied" title="Koolstofdioksied">koolstofdioksied</a> in die <a href="/wiki/Atmosfeer" title="Atmosfeer">atmosfeer</a>, wat byna soos ’n termiese kombers verhoed dat hitte ontsnap en dus die aarde verwarm. So bereken die <a href="/wiki/Verenigde_Nasies" title="Verenigde Nasies">Verenigde Nasies</a> se omgewingsprogram dat die algehele temperatuur teen 2025 reeds sowat 1,5°C hoër sal wees as slegs enkele dekades gelede. Vandaar die ekstra water van gletsers en yslae by die pole wat gedeeltelik smelt en die seevlak met ’n verdere paar millimeter tot 200 mm kan laat styg. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/L%C3%AAer:Greenland_ice_stream.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/Greenland_ice_stream.jpg/220px-Greenland_ice_stream.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="224" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/Greenland_ice_stream.jpg/330px-Greenland_ice_stream.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/Greenland_ice_stream.jpg/440px-Greenland_ice_stream.jpg 2x" data-file-width="543" data-file-height="553" /></a><figcaption>Die Groenland-ysplaat verloor elke jaar heelwat kubieke kilometer se ys weens verwarming.</figcaption></figure> <p>Oor die volgende 100 jaar kan groot ekologiese veranderinge verwag word weens aardverwarming, wat die verdere styging van die seevlak insluit. Een van die reuse-gletsers wat reeds stukkie vir stukkie wegkalwe word, is die Colombië-gletser, wat sowat sewe meter per jaar krimp. In die <a href="/wiki/Alpe" title="Alpe">Alpe</a> is gletsers reeds minstens 30% kleiner as in 1850. In Glacier National Park in Amerika het 120 gletsers sedert 1910 gemelt. Die groot Groenland-ysplaat verloor tot 51 kubieke kilometer ys per jaar en, sou dit ooit gebeur dat dit heeltemal smelt, kan die seevlak met sewe meter styg en rampspoedige gevolge hê. </p><p>Indien die seevlak met slegs een meter styg, kan tot sowat 100 miljoen mense op laagliggende eilande bedreig word. Selfs verskeie groot stede kan probleme verwag: 13 van die wêreld se 20 grootste stede is aan die kus geleë en, indien dit gebeur dat die seevlak in 2100 tot 880 mm hoër kan wees as in 1990 – van die beraminge wat gemaak word – kan dit geweldige gevolge vir dié digbevolkte stedelike gebiede inhou. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/L%C3%AAer:Mississippi_delta_from_space_detalle.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Mississippi_delta_from_space_detalle.jpg/220px-Mississippi_delta_from_space_detalle.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="168" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Mississippi_delta_from_space_detalle.jpg/330px-Mississippi_delta_from_space_detalle.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Mississippi_delta_from_space_detalle.jpg/440px-Mississippi_delta_from_space_detalle.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1108" data-file-height="846" /></a><figcaption>Die Mississippi-delta kan geweldige probleme vir New Orleans inhou indien die seevlak heelwat styg. Dis slegs een van baie wêreldstede wat na aan die kus is.</figcaption></figure> <p>Van die bekende wêreldstede wat ernstig deur ’n styging in seevlak geraak kan word, is onder meer <a href="/wiki/Shanghai" title="Shanghai">Shanghai</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tokio" title="Tokio">Tokio</a> en <a href="/wiki/Osaka" title="Osaka">Osaka</a> in <a href="/wiki/Japan" title="Japan">Japan</a> en <a href="/wiki/New_Orleans" title="New Orleans">New Orleans</a> in Amerika – laasgenoemde is in die <a href="/wiki/Mississippi_Delta" title="Mississippi Delta">Mississippi Delta</a> en dele van die stad is reeds 2-3 meter onder seevlak gebou.     </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Onder_seevlak">Onder seevlak</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Seevlak&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Wysig afdeling: Onder seevlak" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>wysig</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Seevlak&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section's source code: Onder seevlak"><span>wysig bron</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Moderne toerusting het dit moontlik gemaak om akkuraat te bereken hoe diep die seebodem in sekere oseane onder die seevlak is. Sonar het van sowat 1940 af ’n belangrike rol gespeel om die dieptes te bepaal en die toerusting het die afgelope 70 jaar baie gesofistikeerd geword. </p><p>Die diepste deel, wat in die westelike deel van die Stille Oseaan is, is sowat 11 kilometer onder die seevlak. Dit is meer as die hoogte wat <a href="/wiki/Everest" title="Everest">Everest</a> oor die aarde uittroon. Die diepste dele van die oseane is die verskeie oseaantrôe, wat 7-8 km onder seevlak kan wees, tot 100 km wyd kan wees en duisende kilometer lank kan wees. </p><p>Volgens berekeninge is die <a href="/wiki/Marianatrog" title="Marianatrog">Marianatrog</a> in die westelike deel van die Stille Oseaan – naby die Filippyne - 11 km diep en 2 400 km lank, gevolg deur Tonga-Kermadec in die suidelike deel van die Stille Oseaan. Dit is interessant dat <a href="/wiki/Seeanemoon" title="Seeanemoon">seeanemone</a>, <a href="/wiki/Weekdiere" title="Weekdiere">weekdiere</a> en <a href="/wiki/Skaaldier" title="Skaaldier">skaaldiere</a> (seediere met kalkagtige doppe) in dié donker dieptes leef. </p> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/L%C3%AAer:Diver_exploring_the_Aguila_wreck,_Roatan,_Honduras.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Diver_exploring_the_Aguila_wreck%2C_Roatan%2C_Honduras.jpg/440px-Diver_exploring_the_Aguila_wreck%2C_Roatan%2C_Honduras.jpg" decoding="async" width="440" height="330" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/0c/Diver_exploring_the_Aguila_wreck%2C_Roatan%2C_Honduras.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="450" /></a><figcaption>'n Duiker verken die skeepswrak van die Aguila, wat naby Honduras gesink het. Van die skepe wat vergaan het en hul waardevolle vragte is te diep onder seevlak om dit te bereik. </figcaption></figure> <p>Een van die baanbrekerpioniers wat die diepte van die see verken het, is Auguste Piccard, wat tussen 1953-56 in sy diepseetuig Trieste tot byna 4 km onder seevlak gekom het. Later het sy seun, Jacques, sy werk voortgesit en in 1960 byna tot die bodem van die Marianatrog gekom. </p><p>Wat mense betref, was die beroemde duiker Raimond Bucher die eerste mens wat ’n diepte van 39 meter – wat volgens berekeninge die diepste was waar die mens kon kom - onder seevlak kon bereik. Dit was in 1952 maar later, toe duiktoerusting verbeter het, het hy meer as 1 000 keer tot 80 meter diep gekom en selfs enkele kere tot by 100 meter diep gevorder. </p><p>Baie van die skepe wat oor die eeue vergaan het, lê buite bereik in die dieptes van die oseane. In sommige gevalle het skatte wat skattejagters sal laat swymel, saam met hulle vergaan. Van die waardevolste vragte is darem ook al oor die jare gevind, insluitend die goud van sowat 5 100 kg wat ’n span duikers in 1981 uit die maag van ’n Britse skip herwin het. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Verdere_seevlakfeite">Verdere seevlakfeite</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Seevlak&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Wysig afdeling: Verdere seevlakfeite" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>wysig</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Seevlak&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section's source code: Verdere seevlakfeite"><span>wysig bron</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>In die omgewing van Suid-Afrika is ook verskeie diepklowe, insluitend die Kaap-canyon.</li></ul> <ul><li>Die “hoogste” seeberg ónder seevlak is meer as 8 700 meter hoog.</li></ul> <ul><li>Dit raak ná meer as 100 meter onder seevlak donker en dit raak naby vriespunt wanneer ’n diepte van 6 km bereik word.</li></ul> <ul><li>Die seevlak sal wêreldwyd sowat 60 meter styg indien die Groenland- en Antarktika-ysplate onverwags sou smelt. Slegs die boonste dele van wolkekrabbers in stede soos New York sal uitsteek as dit die geval is.</li></ul> <ul><li>Tsoenami-golwe, wat gewoonlik deur aardbewings of onderwaterverskuiwings veroorsaak word, kan ’n spoed van 970 kilometer per uur bereik en honderde kilometers ver oor ’n oseaan vorder.  </li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bronne">Bronne</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Seevlak&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Wysig afdeling: Bronne" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>wysig</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Seevlak&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section's source code: Bronne"><span>wysig bron</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Bonanni, Andrea, Bracco, Pinuccia, Pretto, Glauco & Zanini, Giuseppe. <i>Deans Tell me the Answer</i>. Dean. 1987. ISBN 0 603 00377 X</li></ul> <ul><li>Carpenter, Clive (senior redakteur). <i>The Guinness Book of Answers</i>. Guinness Publishing. 1993. ISBN 0-85112-710-X</li></ul> <ul><li>Crofton, Ian (senior redakteur). <i>The Guinness Encyclopedia</i>. Guinness Publishing. 1995. ISBN 0-85112-633-4</li></ul> <ul><li>Luhr, James F. (hoofredakteur). <i>Earth.</i> DK. 2003. ISBN 1-4053-0018-3</li></ul> <ul><li>McCarthy, Terence. <i>How on Earth?</i>  Struik Nature. 2009. ISBN 978-1-77007-485-9</li></ul> <ul><li>Morgan, Sally (senior redakteur). <i>The Encyclopedia of the Environment</i>. Andromeda Oxford. 1995. ISBN 1-871869-54-4</li></ul> <ul><li>Ochoa, George, Hoffman, Jennifer & Tin, Thea. <i>Climate</i>. Rodale. 2005. ISBN 1-4050-8782-X</li></ul> <ul><li>Paneel redakteurs. <i>Family Guide to Nature</i>. Reader’s Digest. 1984. ISBN 0 949819 32 8</li></ul> <ul><li>Paneel skrywers. <i>World Book No 14</i>. World Book. 2010. ISBN 978-0-7166-0110-4</li></ul> <ul><li>Uys, Isabel. <i>Feitegids. ’n Kernensiklopedie</i>. Pharos. 2007. ISBN 978-1-86890-065-7.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Sien_ook">Sien ook</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Seevlak&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Wysig afdeling: Sien ook" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>wysig</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Seevlak&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section's source code: Sien ook"><span>wysig bron</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Peilmerk" title="Peilmerk">Peilmerk</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Eksterne_skakels">Eksterne skakels</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Seevlak&veaction=edit&section=8" title="Wysig afdeling: Eksterne skakels" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>wysig</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Seevlak&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section's source code: Eksterne skakels"><span>wysig bron</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/L%C3%AAer:Commons-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Wikimedia Commons logo"><img alt="Wikimedia Commons logo" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/12px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/18px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/24px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Wikimedia_Commons" title="Wikimedia Commons">Wikimedia Commons</a> het meer media in die kategorie <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Sea_level" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Sea level">Seevlak</a>.</li></ul> <p><br /> </p> <div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Normdata_frameless_&#124;text-top_&#124;10px_&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata_&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q125465&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th id="Normdata_frameless_&#124;text-top_&#124;10px_&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata_&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q125465&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Hulp:Normdata" title="Hulp:Normdata">Normdata</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q125465" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Gemeinsame_Normdatei" title="Gemeinsame Normdatei">GND</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/4169254-8">4169254-8</a></span></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Library_of_Congress_Control_Number" title="Library of Congress Control Number">LCCN</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85119230">sh85119230</a></span></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/National_Diet_Library" class="mw-redirect" title="National Diet Library">NDL</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.ndl.go.jp/auth/ndlna/00564633">00564633</a></span></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/National_Library_of_the_Czech_Republic" class="mw-redirect" title="National Library of the Czech Republic">NKC</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=ph875945&CON_LNG=ENG">ph875945</a></span></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1&useformat=desktop" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; 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